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a31c1897ed4ddb845b4e324dd531084e | How can you develop digital sclerosis if you have diabetes? | Digital sclerosis: Due to poor blood flow, the skin on your toes, fingers, and hands becomes thick, waxy, and tight. It can also make your finger joints stiff. Get your blood sugar under control, because that can help treat this condition. Try lotions and moisturizers to help soften the skin. |
bea08ebcdff3b5072385c2400e6274c6 | How can you develop scleredema diabeticorum if you have diabetes? | Scleredema diabeticorum: This condition causes a thickening of the skin on the back of the neck and upper back. It's rare, but it can affect people with type 2 diabetes. The treatment is to bring your blood sugar levels under control. Lotions and moisturizers might help soften your skin. |
c463cf418c9bb5c9b97316f1fc85b60a | How can you develop eruptive xanthomatosis if you have diabetes? | Eruptive xanthomatosis: Severe insulin resistance can make it hard for your body to get rid of fat in your blood. When you have very high cholesterol, this skin condition can happen. Firm, yellow, waxy pea-like bumps on the skin are surrounded by red halos and are itchy. These usually show up on the eyes, elbows, face, and buttocks. They also can appear on the back side of the arms and legs. To treat it, your doctor will work to control the level of fats in your blood. The bumps usually go away over several weeks. You might also need drugs that control different types of fats in the blood (lipid-lowering drugs). |
ba8ffd59611ef6f1368e4cf6762b526d | How do fungal infections occur in diabetics? | Fungal infections: Warm, moist folds of the skin are the perfect breeding ground for these infections. Three common fungal infections are: Jock itch (red, itchy area on the genitals and the inside of the thighs) Athlete's foot (affects the skin between the toes) Ringworm (ring-shaped, scaly patches that can itch or blister and appear on the feet, groin, chest, stomach, scalp, or nails). |
7fc4760df27ad0fc80de51484af7e247 | What is disseminated granuloma annulare and is it related to diabetes? | Disseminated granuloma annulare: While there is some controversy over whether this condition is connected to diabetes, disseminated granuloma annulare causes sharply defined ring- or arc-shaped areas on the skin. These rashes most often happen on the fingers and ears, but they can appear on the chest and abdomen, too. The rash can be red, red-brown, or skin-colored. Treatment usually isn't needed, but sometimes a steroid medication you put on your skin, such as hydrocortisone, can help. |
ea8f81514f56cac4ec5414a91caa835c | What are diabetes-related shin spots? | Shin spots (diabetic dermopathy): This condition happens due to changes to the blood vessels in your skin. Dermopathy appears as a shiny round or oval lesion on the thin skin of your shins. The patches don't hurt, and they rarely cause itching or burning. Treatment usually isn't necessary. |
104e960ac935c7b0186f865bc0d229c7 | What is eruptive xanthomatosis and how is it related to diabetes? | Eruptive xanthomatosis: Severe insulin resistance can make it hard for your body to get rid of fat in your blood. When you have very high cholesterol, this skin condition can happen. Firm, yellow, waxy pea-like bumps on the skin are surrounded by red halos and are itchy. These usually show up on the eyes, elbows, face, and buttocks. They also can appear on the back side of the arms and legs. To treat it, your doctor will work to control the level of fats in your blood. The bumps usually go away over several weeks. You might also need drugs that control different types of fats in the blood (lipid-lowering drugs). |
e936bb939baa56308b873ecb7d304322 | What are diabetes-related blisters? | Diabetes-related blisters (bullous diabeticorum): In rare cases, people with diabetes get blisters that resemble burn blisters. These can affect the fingers, hands, toes, feet, legs, or forearms. They're usually painless and they heal on their own. They often happen in people who have severe diabetes and diabetic neuropathy. For treatment, your doctor will help you get your blood sugar levels under control. |
164f1f3029099e9d0a3fba329bd0c380 | How common are diabetes-related skin problems? | Doing so can help you avoid many diabetes skin problems. Still, skin conditions related to this disease are common. As many as 1 out of 3 people with diabetes will have one. Fortunately, most can be successfully treated before they turn into a serious problem. The key is to catch them early. |
791a13479ccf9e7a2c4a65e9c85a95df | What bacterial infections are commonly associated with diabetes? | Bacterial infections: Staphylococcus skin infections are more common and more serious in people with poorly controlled diabetes. When hair follicles are irritated, these bacteria can cause boils or an inflamed bump. Other infections include: Styes, which are infections of the eyelid glands Nail infections Most bacterial infections need to be treated with antibiotic pills. |
92e8c267f31645287170fa73c74a31db | How can you develop diabetes-related blisters (bullous diabeticorum)? | Diabetes-related blisters (bullous diabeticorum): In rare cases, people with diabetes get blisters that resemble burn blisters. These can affect the fingers, hands, toes, feet, legs, or forearms. They're usually painless and they heal on their own. They often happen in people who have severe diabetes and diabetic neuropathy. For treatment, your doctor will help you get your blood sugar levels under control. |
bece0269ef2e8a1d92acf1a4fef14700 | How can you develop necrobiosis lipoidica if you have diabetes? | Necrobiosis lipoidica: If you've had diabetes for a long time without good control of your blood sugar, you could develop this condition. Poor blood supply to the skin can cause changes in the collagen and fat underneath. The overlaying skin becomes thin and red. Most lesions are found on the lower parts of the legs and can turn into an ulcer if there's trauma. Lesions have fairly well-defined borders. Sometimes, the condition is itchy and painful. As long as the sores don't break open, you won't need treatment for them. If the sores do break open, see your doctor. |
0870d939813d0b2c60ca102a727faa57 | How does vitiligo develop in diabetics? | Vitiligo: This condition affects your skin color. It's more common with type 1 diabetes. With vitiligo, the cells that make the substance that gives your skin color, melanin, are destroyed. Patches of skin look discolored. They often appear on the chest and stomach. But they can also show up on the face around the mouth, nose, and eyes. Steroid creams, ultraviolet light treatments, and micropigmentation (tattooing) are a few treatment options. Use sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher to prevent sunburn on your discolored skin. |
cef581f9e989e92ea0d57455f2cee0fa | Where do diabetics usually get fungal infections? | Women are likely to get this in their vaginas. People also tend to get this infection on the corners of their mouth. It feels like small cuts and is called "angular cheilitis." Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the fingernails and toenails that is more prevalent among people with diabetes. It causes discoloration, thickening, and separation from the nail bed. Medicines that kill fungus -- called antifungals -- are usually needed to treat these infections. |
b34eca83fa5b53a0a8e684b0b194c829 | Why does diabetes cause itching? | Itching skin, also called pruritus, can have many causes, such as dry skin, poor blood flow, or a yeast infection. When itching is caused by poor blood flow, you'll likely feel it in your lower legs and feet. Lotion can help to keep your skin soft and moist, and prevent itching due to dry skin. |
756e222890fda88f19a415d92a5e6ac1 | What is scleredema diabeticorum? | Scleredema diabeticorum: This condition causes a thickening of the skin on the back of the neck and upper back. It's rare, but it can affect people with type 2 diabetes. The treatment is to bring your blood sugar levels under control. Lotions and moisturizers might help soften your skin. |
064ae1010dedbd1372d576275b7ea1c5 | What is digital sclerosis and how is it related to diabetes? | Digital sclerosis: Due to poor blood flow, the skin on your toes, fingers, and hands becomes thick, waxy, and tight. It can also make your finger joints stiff. Get your blood sugar under control, because that can help treat this condition. Try lotions and moisturizers to help soften the skin. |
902cb94d2c2689ed4ba7bcd3224ec139 | What is diabetes-related acanthosis nigricans? | Acanthosis nigricans: This condition is most common in people with type 2 diabetes. It causes darkened and thickened skin, especially in skin folds. It looks like a small wart. Skin becomes tan or brown. It's sometimes slightly raised and may look velvety. It can be found on the sides or back of the neck, the armpits, under the breast, and groin. Sometimes, the top of your knuckles will look strange. This condition usually affects people who are very overweight. It usually starts before diabetes, and it can be a sign of insulin resistance. While there's no cure, losing weight may help. |
14b968665da3c034310f80c2ed3824e5 | How does acanthosis nigricans develop in diabetics? | Acanthosis nigricans: This condition is most common in people with type 2 diabetes. It causes darkened and thickened skin, especially in skin folds. It looks like a small wart. Skin becomes tan or brown. It's sometimes slightly raised and may look velvety. It can be found on the sides or back of the neck, the armpits, under the breast, and groin. Sometimes, the top of your knuckles will look strange. This condition usually affects people who are very overweight. It usually starts before diabetes, and it can be a sign of insulin resistance. While there's no cure, losing weight may help. |
bd0a318099738704723fb0c7e1016959 | What is diabetes-related vitiligo? | Vitiligo: This condition affects your skin color. It's more common with type 1 diabetes. With vitiligo, the cells that make the substance that gives your skin color, melanin, are destroyed. Patches of skin look discolored. They often appear on the chest and stomach. But they can also show up on the face around the mouth, nose, and eyes. Steroid creams, ultraviolet light treatments, and micropigmentation (tattooing) are a few treatment options. Use sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher to prevent sunburn on your discolored skin. |
9f8892c74db58f112e6355886b2a19d2 | What is cervical disc disease and how does it cause neck pain? | Sometimes simple home interventions are enough to treat cervical disc disease, in which an abnormality in one or more discs that lie between the vertebrae cause neck pain. |
2ecc3883ece7b07032f4fecdfccb8f9c | What is cervical traction? | Traction gently extends the neck, opening the spaces between the cervical vertebrae and temporarily alleviating pressure on the affected discs. |
5e3a851bedf90f559e572cb24aa479fe | What should I do if I'm diagnsed with FTD? | The condition is not life-threatening. But you should find a doctor who knows how to manage it as soon as possible. Speech experts, physical therapists, and nurses may be able to help, too. You should also think about doing these things: Ask your doctor whether medications can help. Find a support group. Share information with family and friends. Get a driving evaluation. Exercise and eat healthy foods. |
d1e66aa4ceb4c8ca51655de7c9f984df | What causes frontotemporal dementia (FTD)? | Scientists don't know for sure. But it starts when nerve cells in two parts or âlobesâ of the brain -- the front and the side -- die. That causes the lobes to shrink. Doctors believe FTD may be genetic. About 4 out of 10 people who have it also have a relative who had it or some other form of dementia. |
321efb5e5ae0989400a1f3a5119f3380 | How is frontotemporal dementia (FTD) diagnosed? | It can be hard to figure out if someone has FTD. That's because it often mirrors other disorders, like Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, depression, and schizophrenia. See a doctor about any strange behavior. He'll ask about medications and family history. He may also do blood tests to rule out other medical problems. He might refer you to a neurologist, who will check things like your balance, reflexes, memory, and thinking. |
7e2ccebcf192eca84b85cc61f1b157ea | How common is it for children with ADHD to also have a mood disorder, such as depression? | Up to 30% of children who have ADHD also have a serious mood disorder like depression. And some experts say that more than half of people who have the condition will get treatment for depression at some point in their lives. |
20f9ea45cb06dc0f9222f22b90109fff | How can psychotherapy help to treat ADHD and depression? | Psychotherapy can offer ways to manage your symptoms and live a healthy life. A therapist can give you strategies to deal with everyday challenges, such as issues with friends, family, work, or school. |
ac82050468ab55d015f09ebde14afbcf | How is plantar fasciitis diagnosed? | Most cases of chickenpox are mild and go away on their own. But see your doctor right away if you develop any of the following symptoms: The rash spreads to one or both eyes The rash gets very red, warm, or tender. You could have a bacterial skin infection. Dizziness Shortness of breath Vomiting Stiff neck You can't control your muscles Fever over 102 F |
1948e369b1a9621bb85053527eef8e4d | How do you know if your toddler's constipation is caused by diet? | You should also look for other symptoms that can occur along with constipation, such as: Stomachache Bloating Nausea Loss of appetite General crankiness Crying or screaming during bowel movements Avoiding the toilet (signs that your child is doing this include clenching the buttocks, crossing the legs, turning red, sweating, or crying) Smears or bits of liquid stool in the diaper or underwear (soiling) A variety of things can cause constipation in toddlers, from diet to medication. Here are a few of the most common causes: Diet. The culprit in many cases of toddler constipation is a diet that's too heavy in processed foods, dairy, and sweets, and too light in fiber (like whole grains, fruits, and vegetables). Not getting enough fluid can also lead to constipation, because it makes the stools harder. Any change in diet -- such as when your toddler transitions from breast milk or formula to cow's milk or starts eating new foods -- can also affect the stools. |
74ab768833be42ad88fb2c1956e7ac2d | How do you know if your toddler's constipation is caused by physical conditions? | In rare cases, an anatomical problem with the intestines, anus, or rectum can cause chronic constipation. Cerebral palsy and other nervous system disorders can also affect a child's ability to go to the bathroom. |
002c25a262ea2b74496f4db6f2fc7d67 | How do you know if your toddler's constipation is caused by medication? | Medication. Some medications or supplements can lead to a constipated toddler, including high-dose iron supplements or narcotic pain medication. |
4124dfb99c7cd55638b9d39a1249a05c | What should you know about toddler constipation? | Toddlers are, by nature, a finicky bunch. Their moods and whims can change on a dime. Even something as basic as going to the bathroom can get tricky. While some toddlers go to the bathroom every day like clockwork, other kids can go two, three, or even more days without having any bowel movements. Seeing an empty toilet day after day might fill parents with panic, but constipation in toddlers isn't usually a sign of any serious disease. Most often it's caused by a problem that's easy to solve, like diet or ignoring the urge to go. |
dc661d284f6c38bb7c48ad0786b4d67e | How do you know if your toddler's constipation is caused by a change in routine? | Going on vacation and being away from their normal toilet can make some toddlers unwilling to go to the bathroom. |
9a4f3ac173dc38044883a4df32b1f276 | How can you treat your toddler's constipation caused by a lack of exercise? | Make sure your toddler gets out to play for at least 30 to 60 minutes a day. Moving the body keeps the bowels moving, too. |
7d7c2752b40ada0a912849fc9bff6d54 | What can cause acute insomnia? | Causes of acute insomnia can include: Major life stress (job loss or change, death of a loved one, divorce, moving) Illness Emotional or physical discomfort Noise, light, or being too hot or too cold while you're trying to sleep Some medications (including certain ones for colds, allergies, depression, high blood pressure, and asthma) Changes to a normal sleep schedule (like jet lag or switching from a day shift to night shift, for example) Causes of chronic insomnia include: Irregular sleep schedules Substances that interfere with sleep (alcohol, caffeine, nicotine) Activities that stimulate the brain (playing video games, watching TV) right before bedtime For some people, exercising too close to bed time Using the bedroom for activities other than sleep and sex Depression or anxiety Chronic stress Pain or discomfort at night Poor sleep habits If you think you have insomnia, talk to your doctor or health care provider. |
abf37c4f7febc5dcae807dab6b46f411 | Whatâs the difference between primary and secondary insomnia? | People with insomnia have one or more of these symptoms: Difficulty falling asleep Waking up during the night and having trouble going back to sleep Waking up too early in the morning Feeling tired when you wake up Being sleepy or tired during the day Feeling cranky or irritable Problems with focus or memory Primary insomnia is not directly linked to any other health condition or problem. Secondary insomnia comes from something else, like a health condition (such as asthma, depression, arthritis, cancer, or heartburn), pain, a medication, or a substance like alcohol. |
ebd5e5192b9c1fdc22bcee921c1f5a3e | What can cause chronic insomnia? | Causes of acute insomnia can include: Major life stress (job loss or change, death of a loved one, divorce, moving) Illness Emotional or physical discomfort Noise, light, or being too hot or too cold while you're trying to sleep Some medications (including certain ones for colds, allergies, depression, high blood pressure, and asthma) Changes to a normal sleep schedule (like jet lag or switching from a day shift to night shift, for example) Causes of chronic insomnia include: Irregular sleep schedules Substances that interfere with sleep (alcohol, caffeine, nicotine) Activities that stimulate the brain (playing video games, watching TV) right before bedtime For some people, exercising too close to bed time Using the bedroom for activities other than sleep and sex Depression or anxiety Chronic stress Pain or discomfort at night Poor sleep habits If you think you have insomnia, talk to your doctor or health care provider. |
1e3e7e657a756ded7237bce427032d6d | How is insomnia treated? | You may not even need any treatment for acute insomnia. In mild cases, it often can be cured with good sleep habits (see below). If your insomnia makes it hard for you to function during the day because you are tired, your doctor may prescribe sleeping pills for a limited time. These quick-working, short-acting drugs can help you avoid next-day drowsiness. There is not a lot of evidence that over-the-counter sleeping pills are effective for insomnia. They may have troubling side effects including daytime drowsiness.. Good sleep habits, also called sleep hygiene, can help you get a good night's sleep and beat insomnia. |
2a3da3001447008a5e44f906f68fcb9c | Is there only one kind of weight loss surgery? | There are different kinds of operations. Some help you lose weight by shrinking the size of your stomach so you feel full after small meals. Others change the way your body absorbs calories, nutrients, and vitamins. Still others do both. |
720d6c7060c51bab7cc89255d63e2562 | What are the pros and cons of gastric sleeve surgery for type 2 diabetes? | Gastric sleeve (also called sleeve gastrectomy) The surgeon removes a large part of your stomach. With less room for food, you feel full faster. This operation also lowers ghrelin, the hormone that makes you feel hungry. Pros: More than 60% of people show no signs of diabetes after surgery. Plus, people usually lose 50% of their extra weight. Cons: You can't get this surgery reversed later on. Also, your body can't absorb as many vitamins and minerals as before, which could lead to health problems. |
438f5d103fa9bef9b97832851b379168 | What are the pros and cons of an electric implant device for type 2 diabetes? | Electric Implant Device The surgeon implants an electrical device just beneath the skin of your abdomen. The device helps control signals in the vagus nerve which connects the stomach and the brain, reducing the feeling of hunger. Pros: Implanting the device is considered minor surgery and it can easily be removed once weight loss is achieved. The device can also be controlled remotely. Cons: Patients may experience pain, heartburn, problems swallowing, belching, nausea, and chest pain. |
51e43a9f98f0cea901f1f073dd17c497 | What are the pros and cons of gastric bypass surgery? | Gastric sleeve (also called sleeve gastrectomy) The surgeon removes a large part of your stomach. With less room for food, you feel full faster. This operation also lowers ghrelin, the hormone that makes you feel hungry. Pros: More than 60% of people show no signs of diabetes after surgery. Plus, people usually lose 50% of their extra weight. Cons: You can't get this surgery reversed later on. Also, your body can't absorb as many vitamins and minerals as before, which could lead to health problems. |
c007c3eb1ef117e3410f4ffb4364ba43 | What are the pros and cons of gastric sleeve surgery? | Gastric sleeve (also called sleeve gastrectomy) The surgeon removes a large part of your stomach. With less room for food, you feel full faster. This operation also lowers ghrelin, the hormone that makes you feel hungry. Pros: More than 60% of people show no signs of diabetes after surgery. Plus, people usually lose 50% of their extra weight. Cons: You can't get this surgery reversed later on. Also, your body can't absorb as many vitamins and minerals as before, which could lead to health problems. |
6001be879997f85628af64ee503c9dd1 | What are the pros and cons of adjustable gastric band surgery for type 2 diabetes? | Adjustable gastric band The surgeon puts an inflatable band around the top of the stomach. It forms a small pouch where the food goes. The tiny pouch fills up fast, so you feel full a lot quicker. Pros: Your doctor doesn't have to cut the stomach or move the intestines, like in other surgeries. That's one reason it has fewer complications. Also, you can get the band adjusted or taken out later. Forty-five percent to 60% percent of people who have this surgery end up diabetes-free. Cons: Sometimes there are problems with the band. It may slip or become worn, so you could need another surgery to fix it. Also, you'll lose less weight with this surgery than others (about 40% to 50%). |
eaa63900e6bf21300304f19e30af4a2b | What are the pros and cons of electric implant device surgery? | Electric Implant Device The surgeon implants an electrical device just beneath the skin of your abdomen. The device helps control signals in the vagus nerve which connects the stomach and the brain, reducing the feeling of hunger. Pros: Implanting the device is considered minor surgery and it can easily be removed once weight loss is achieved. The device can also be controlled remotely. Cons: Patients may experience pain, heartburn, problems swallowing, belching, nausea, and chest pain. |
cbf0f0807d45efafbb395e1dc700089b | What are the pros and cons of biliopancreatic diversion with a duodenal switch for type 2 diabetes? | Biliopancreatic diversion with a duodenal switch This surgery is not common, partly because it's the most complicated. The doctor removes a large part of the stomach and also changes the way food moves to the intestines. Pros: It's the most effective surgery for people with diabetes. Also, people usually lose 60% to 70% of their extra weight. Cons: You're more likely to have complications with this type of surgery. You will need more days in the hospital to recover. Plus, you'll have more trouble digesting food and absorbing calories than with any of the other surgeries, so it's the most likely type to lead to health problems. |
3a26da5a2cea09ad5f2a359ccb17623d | If you have MDS, will you get leukemia? | With some types, you're more likely to develop acute myeloid leukemia. Also called AML, it's when your bone marrow makes too much of a certain type of white blood cell. It can get worse quickly if it's not treated. With most types of MDS, the chance of leukemia is much lower. |
f7e173196af59e94ff0458043030dc49 | What are symptoms of myelodysplastic syndrome? | This is a common symptom of anemia, caused when you don't have enough red blood cells Unusual bleeding Bruises and tiny red marks under the skin Paleness Shortness of breath when you're exercising or being active Call your doctor if you have these symptoms and concerns about MDS. |
52618cc44fc8336e5dc190de9afa33bb | Can cancer cause changes in testicles or penis? | Tell your doctor if you have pain when you pee or blood in your urine. |
f10e2b78872db34e8f926af5f512e335 | What cancers should men be weary of? | The three most common cancers in men are prostate, lung, and colorectal. |
818c222cd7c07144ca63788913118e60 | Does cancer cause fatigue? | Fatigue: If you're tired all the time and rest doesn't help, tell your doctor. Leukemia often wears you out, or you could have blood loss from colon or stomach cancer. Cancer-related weight loss can leave you exhausted, too. |
f59845676793ee7cafa9ce0344894a33 | How can fever be a sign of cancer? | Fever: If it's high or sticks around for more than 3 days, call your doctor. Some blood cancers, like lymphoma, cause a fever that lasts for days or even weeks. |
a05b87fb83a1a3f4e8976b7f43c735e8 | How can weight loss without trying be a sign of cancer? | Weight loss without trying: It's common to lose weight when you have cancer. It's often one of the signs of cancer that people notice first. Almost half the people with cancer lose weight by the time they get diagnosed. |
453f2a3595e4fdac94bd49c258c3abdf | What signs of cancer should men watch out for? | The three most common cancers in men are prostate, lung, and colorectal. Keep an eye out for: Cough or hoarseness that won't go away: See the doctor if a cough is severe, lasts more than 3 weeks, or you see blood when you cough. Trouble peeing: A swollen prostate can make it hard to go, or it may make you have to go a lot. Tell your doctor if you have pain when you pee or blood in your urine. Change in bowel habits. Diarrhea or constipation that lasts for more than 4 weeks can be a sign of colorectal cancer. Blood in your poop isn't normal. Tell your doctor. |
1cda72e50dcaca1d0f8ba26015bbf3e2 | Does cancer cause changes in the skin? | Changes in your skin: Get unusual or new moles, bumps, or marks on your body checked. You want to be sure skin cancer isn't lurking. Your skin can also provide clues to other kinds of cancers. If it's darkened, looks yellow or red, itches, sprouts more hair, or if you have an unexplained rash, let your doctor take a look. It could be a sign of liver, ovarian, or kidney cancer. |
317a9e9ddacf036f5492ff1c5a95bb77 | Does cancer cause fever? | Fever: If it's high or sticks around for more than 3 days, call your doctor. Some blood cancers, like lymphoma, cause a fever that lasts for days or even weeks. |
3050e2eb6f516f4ade04a61568e3db79 | What cancers should women be weary of? | The types that affect women most are breast, lung, and colorectal cancer. Women can also have cancer of the uterus, endometrium, cervix, vagina, or vulva. |
6024314451976de9e2b658306946eedb | Can cancer cause breast changes? | You see spots or other changes in the skin around your nipples. |
af783474f929c808a530e035942da442 | How does angina signal a heart attack? | The difference is mainly one of degree: With angina, blood flow is restored, pain recedes within minutes, and the heart is not permanently damaged. With a heart attack, blood flow is critically reduced or fully blocked, pain lasts longer, and heart muscle dies without prompt treatment. |
d12e701554e0da0a76749263c351a055 | What are the risk factors for a heart attack? | While the step-by-step process leading to a heart attack is not fully understood, major risk factors for coronary artery disease are well-known. Some can be controlled, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle. Stress is also said to raise the risk, and exertion and excitement can act as triggers for a heart attack. Other risk factors include having diabetes and having a family history of heart disease. |
5926a41c96cad697d05b28722dfe1d1d | What can people who get heart attacks experience? | Recovery is always a delicate process, because any heart attack weakens the heart to some degree. But generally, a normal life can be resumed. Depending on the severity of a heart attack, a person may experience: Heart failure, where the heart doesn't pump well enough to meet the body's needs Arrhythmias or abnormal heart rhythms Cardiac arrest or sudden cardiac death, where the heart stops beating Cardiogenic shock, where the heart is so damaged from the heart attack that a person goes into shock, which may result in damage of other vital organs like the kidneys or liver Death Most heart attacks are the result of coronary artery disease, also known as atherosclerosis or "hardening of the arteries," a condition that clogs coronary arteries with fatty, calcified plaques over time. |
220f7c841b036fc4b7dcf84e679a270d | What causes a heart attack? | Depending on the severity of a heart attack, a person may experience: Heart failure, where the heart doesn't pump well enough to meet the body's needs Arrhythmias or abnormal heart rhythms Cardiac arrest or sudden cardiac death, where the heart stops beating Cardiogenic shock, where the heart is so damaged from the heart attack that a person goes into shock, which may result in damage of other vital organs like the kidneys or liver Death Most heart attacks are the result of coronary artery disease, also known as atherosclerosis or "hardening of the arteries," a condition that clogs coronary arteries with fatty, calcified plaques over time. The typical trigger for a heart attack is often a blood clot that blocks the flow of blood through a coronary artery. |
e77fb8a12c469e8f53e6d50d7483f7ef | What are the symptoms of hepatitis A? | You don't always get symptoms, but when you do, you might have: Jaundice (yellow eyes and skin, dark urine) Pain in your belly Loss of appetite Nausea Fever Diarrhea Fatigue Children often have the disease with few symptoms. |
398a12ccebe2d5e5359c3f647ef8948b | Is there a hepatitis A vaccine? | Vaccination is recommended for: Travelers to areas of the world with higher hepatitis A infection Infants aged 6 to 11 months who are traveling internationally Men who have sex with other men Those with a blood clotting problem People who inject illegal drugs Anyone with long-term liver disease The vaccine is given in 3 separate doses. |
3460b030383ef3778b16b3abe7aa891d | Who gets hepatitis A? | Hepatitis transmission can also happen if you: Eat fruits, vegetables, or other foods that were contaminated during handling Eat raw shellfish harvested from water that's got the virus in it Swallow contaminated ice You could be at risk for the disease if you: Live with or have sex with someone who's infected Travel to countries where hepatitis A is common People who are also at risk are: Men who have sex with men People who inject illegal drugs Kids in child care and their teachers Your doctor will suspect hepatitis if you have the symptoms above and you have high levels of liver enzymes when he tests your blood. |
66c1523c9206ad726feb1b256529afb7 | Are there any long-term effects of hepatitis A? | Usually the virus doesn't cause any long-term problems or complications. But according to the CDC, 10% to 15% of people with hepatitis A will have symptoms that last a long time or come back over a 6- to 9-month period. In rare situations, some people may have liver failure or need a transplant. |
b9a8b6cb51c54ee3976e3ef205a3aeb1 | What could cause eyelid swelling? | It's likely to go away on its own within a few days, but if the swelling lasts more than 48 hours or you have any of these symptoms, call your doctor right away: Eye pain Blurry or lost vision The feeling that something is stuck in your eye If your eyelid is swollen, it could be: Pinkeye (conjunctivitis): This is an infection caused by bacteria, viruses, or irritants. It happens most often during cold and flu season. Stye: This infection often starts where you eyelash connects to your eye, or in the gland that makes tears. It can cause red bumps around your eyelid that can be sore. Chalazion: This is a small bump on your eyelid like a stye that's caused by blocked oil glands. Allergies: These can make your eyelids swell in some cases. Blepharitis: This is when bacteria and oily flakes get into the base of your eyelashes. It can make your eyelids red, swollen, or itchy, and they may burn. Injury: If you get hit in your eye, blood can collect underneath your eyelid and lead to swelling. Graves' disease: This condition, which affects your thyroid, is an autoimmune disease -- your immune system attacks your own body. Sometimes your eyelids can get inflamed, and that's known as Graves' eye disease or Graves'ophthalmopathy. |
802b9b99978deff644dc3304ac2556af | What do blinking problems mean for my eyelid health? | Sometimes you might notice your eyelids twitch -- it happens most often when you're tired. But if you have spasms often or blink or close your eyelids too much, you might have a condition called blepharospasm. Doctors don't know what causes it, but certain things like bright lights and stress can cause eyelid spasms that last anywhere from a few seconds to several minutes. Your doctor might recommend botulinum toxin ( Botox) injections, which can help relax the muscles that control your eyelids. She may check you for dry eyes or other irritating conditions that could cause the eyelid spasms. In rare cases, your doctor may want to check for a more serious issue with your brain or nerves. |
d016d6317b43d67e506d69e814039611 | What can make my eyes itch? | Blepharitis and allergies can make your eyes itch, as can certain products you use on or around your eyes. That can happen if you're allergic to any of the ingredients, and the irritation creates a type of eczema called contact dermatitis. The itching and irritation will usually go away if you stop using the product. |
482b04d282990700df9a3cfe2c4f0f07 | What is the treatment for hemiplegic migraines? | Doctors disagree over how to treat hemiplegic migraines. Your doctor might prescribe drugs to prevent hemiplegic migraine, to stop them once they've started, and to relieve your symptoms. Your doctor will discuss the best options for you. |
ea4b2825794f23a81731bb65aaad6ffa | What medical tests can diagnose hemiplegic migraine? | See your doctor for a full exam to figure out what's going on. A CT scan or an MRI of your head can show signs of a stroke. Tests of your heart and the blood vessels in your neck can rule out symptoms caused by blood clots. |
10c225c5a2a7245f190e58f499489872 | What are symptoms of hemiplegic migraine headaches? | Sometimes, before the actual headache pain, you'll get other symptoms that it's coming. These early symptoms, called auras, can include short-term trouble with muscle control and sensation: Severe, throbbing pain, often on one side of your head A pins-and-needles feeling, often moving from your hand up your arm Numbness on one side of your body, which can include your arm, leg, and half of your face Weakness or paralysis on one side of your body Loss of balance and coordination Dizziness or vertigo Nausea and vomiting You may also have problems with your senses, communication, and drowsiness: Seeing zigzag lines, double vision, or blind spots Extreme sensitivity to light, sound, and smell Language difficulties, such as mixing words or trouble remembering a word Slurred speech Confusion Loss of consciousness or coma (rare) Auras usually come on gradually over a half hour and then can last for hours to slowly resolve. |
63bd2f506cb3538b27ae6ab796ad2dff | What tests are used to diagnose hemiplegic migraine headaches? | See your doctor for a full exam to figure out what's going on. A CT scan or an MRI of your head can show signs of a stroke. Tests of your heart and the blood vessels in your neck can rule out symptoms caused by blood clots. If you have a family member with similar symptoms, your doctor may want to do genetic testing. Familial hemiplegic migraine ( FHM) means it runs in your family, and you could pass it on to your children. People who don't have problems with those three genes have sporadic hemiplegic migraine ( SHM). |
924ac32a3abdc745e0416cfc06412674 | Do hemiplegic migraines follow a particular pattern? | There's not a predictable pattern with this type of migraine. Usually pain follows the paralysis, but it might come before, or you might not get a headache at all. You may hurt a lot and feel only a little weak; then the next attack might bring severe paralysis without much pain. |
efade3610d1da3bd88b2e9e5ba59f31f | What is the pattern of hemiplegic migraine headaches? | There's not a predictable pattern with this type of migraine. Usually pain follows the paralysis, but it might come before, or you might not get a headache at all. You may hurt a lot and feel only a little weak; then the next attack might bring severe paralysis without much pain. It's uncommon, but over time, some people can have long-lasting trouble with movement and coordination. |
b47ff40aac2ce41c3dfe8b2f39fda8cf | How are hemiplegic migraine headaches treated? | Doctors disagree over how to treat hemiplegic migraines. Your doctor might prescribe drugs to prevent hemiplegic migraine, to stop them once they've started, and to relieve your symptoms. Your doctor will discuss the best options for you. Some doctors are feeling more comfortable that drugs called triptans, which are used for migraine headaches, are safe and effective for relieving hemiplegic migraine when you get them, too. Still, they are contraindicated based on package labelling. There is anecdotal evidence that triptans, beta blockers, and ergotamine derivatives may lead to ischemia in patients to treat patients with hemiplegic migraine. CGRP inhibitors are a new class of preventive medicine for treating most common migraines, but indications suggest this treatment would not be effective for hemiplegic migraines. |
88823e09f2b5e187374ae5847aae0839 | How long do symptoms last in hemiplegic migraine headaches? | These early symptoms, called auras, can include short-term trouble with muscle control and sensation: Severe, throbbing pain, often on one side of your head A pins-and-needles feeling, often moving from your hand up your arm Numbness on one side of your body, which can include your arm, leg, and half of your face Weakness or paralysis on one side of your body Loss of balance and coordination Dizziness or vertigo Nausea and vomiting You may also have problems with your senses, communication, and drowsiness: Seeing zigzag lines, double vision, or blind spots Extreme sensitivity to light, sound, and smell Language difficulties, such as mixing words or trouble remembering a word Slurred speech Confusion Loss of consciousness or coma (rare) Auras usually come on gradually over a half hour and then can last for hours to slowly resolve. They can be more severe and last longer than with other types of migraine. The stroke-like symptoms can range from worrisome to disabling. Unlike a stroke, they come on slowly and build and then may completely go away. Muscle problems usually go away within 24 hours, but they may last a few days. |
0304ae18dd3f81da7aee6ddbba57350b | What causes hemiplegic migraine headaches? | So far, researchers have found four genes linked with hemiplegic migraine: CACNA1 A ATP1 A2 SCN1 A PRRT2 Defects, or mutations, in any of these lead to a breakdown in your body's ability to make a certain protein. Without it, nerve cells have trouble sending out or taking in signals that go between them. One of these chemical messengers, or neurotransmitters, is serotonin. About half of the people with hemiplegic migraine inherited the genes from a parent with the condition. |
6103221950a19e32bd5b5b0769deeb4c | When do I need eye protection? | Sports like ice hockey, racquetball, and lacrosse can also lead to eye injury. Wear eye protection. Helmets with protective face masks or sports goggles with polycarbonate lenses will shield your eyes. |
2e5303574f3537224eb9c3c278daac5b | What happens when you stare at a screen for too long? | Staring at a computer or phone screen for too long can cause: Eyestrain Blurry vision Trouble focusing at a distance Dry eyes Headaches Neck, back, and shoulder pain To protect your eyes: Make sure your glasses or contacts prescription is up to date and good for looking at a computer screen. |
899b41de6107966982bef008c0835728 | Does smoking damage eyes? | It makes you more likely to get cataracts, damage to your optic nerve, and macular degeneration, among many other medical problems. If you've tried to kick the habit before only to start again, keep at it. The more times you try to quit, the more likely you are to succeed. Ask your doctor for help. |
975b9b94b57be10564aaffd64a1feeb0 | What nutrients are good for eyes when you're older? | Nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids, lutein, zinc, and vitamins C and E might help ward off age-related vision problems like macular degeneration and cataracts. |
b552b11d29abf94c2b8e0dddc8c405e3 | What's a good diet for healthy eyes? | Good eye health starts with the food on your plate. Nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids, lutein, zinc, and vitamins C and E might help ward off age-related vision problems like macular degeneration and cataracts. To get them, fill your plate with: Green leafy vegetables like spinach, kale, and collards Salmon, tuna, and other oily fish Eggs, nuts, beans, and other nonmeat protein sources Oranges and other citrus fruits or juices Oysters and pork A well-balanced diet also helps you stay at a healthy weight. That lowers your odds of obesity and related diseases like type 2 diabetes, which is the leading cause of blindness in adults. |
7a25e33ef428ab172da5e19e57b92661 | How can a well-balanced diet keep your eyes healthy? | To get them, fill your plate with: Green leafy vegetables like spinach, kale, and collards Salmon, tuna, and other oily fish Eggs, nuts, beans, and other nonmeat protein sources Oranges and other citrus fruits or juices Oysters and pork A well-balanced diet also helps you stay at a healthy weight. That lowers your odds of obesity and related diseases like type 2 diabetes, which is the leading cause of blindness in adults. |
cf04c86810989daee84660250678487d | Are there different types of eye doctors? | Depending on your eye health needs, you can see one of two types of doctors: Ophthalmologists are medical doctors who specialize in eye care. They can provide general eye care, treat eye diseases, and perform eye surgery. Optometrists have had 4 years of specialized training after college. They provide general eye care and treat the most common eye diseases. They don't do eye surgery. |
b6b79f422784919cdccbfd9a9c399e5e | How can you protect your eyes from looking at a computer screen? | Staring at a computer or phone screen for too long can cause: Eyestrain Blurry vision Trouble focusing at a distance Dry eyes Headaches Neck, back, and shoulder pain To protect your eyes: Make sure your glasses or contacts prescription is up to date and good for looking at a computer screen. If your eye strain won't go away, talk to your doctor about computer glasses. Move the screen so your eyes are level with the top of the monitor. That lets you look slightly down at the screen. Try to avoid glare from windows and lights. Use an anti-glare screen if needed. Choose a comfortable, supportive chair. Position it so that your feet are flat on the floor. If your eyes are dry, blink more. Rest your eyes every 20 minutes. Look 20 feet away for 20 seconds. Get up at least every 2 hours and take a 15-minute break. |
5f06f0e5270114dc1e4373961a404438 | What should you eat to keep your eyes healthy? | To get them, fill your plate with: Green leafy vegetables like spinach, kale, and collards Salmon, tuna, and other oily fish Eggs, nuts, beans, and other nonmeat protein sources Oranges and other citrus fruits or juices Oysters and pork A well-balanced diet also helps you stay at a healthy weight. |
b9522c2a360201f67f04375b8f910174 | How can wearing sunglasses help keep your eyes healthy? | The right pair of shades will help protect your eyes from the sun's ultraviolet ( UV) rays. Too much UV exposure boosts your chances of cataracts and macular degeneration. Choose a pair that blocks 99% to 100% of UVA and UVB rays. Wraparound lenses help protect your eyes from the side. Polarized lenses reduce glare while you drive. If you wear contact lenses, some offer UV protection. It's still a good idea to wear sunglasses for an extra layer. |
0f6fb5f594b12dc7d9dfa11e48f84f74 | How can eating well help keep your eyes healthy? | Good eye health starts with the food on your plate. Nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids, lutein, zinc, and vitamins C and E might help ward off age-related vision problems like macular degeneration and cataracts. |
2d78d02b28b3e8099ebcdc7abf49f78b | What does a comprehensive eye exam include to keep your eyes healthy? | It makes you more likely to get cataracts, damage to your optic nerve, and macular degeneration, among many other medical problems. |
17fd8e8c5e69f72dea1a9ef035a251b0 | What kind of sunglasses protect eyes from UV rays? | Too much UV exposure boosts your chances of cataracts and macular degeneration. Choose a pair that blocks 99% to 100% of UVA and UVB rays. Wraparound lenses help protect your eyes from the side. Polarized lenses reduce glare while you drive. If you wear contact lenses, some offer UV protection. It's still a good idea to wear sunglasses for an extra layer. |
16c46c5c9a258d1d22a393793ead0036 | What does the A1c blood test do? | An A1 C test is a blood test that estimates average glucose levels in your blood over the previous three months. Periodic A1 C testing may be advised to see how well diet, exercise, and medications are working to control blood sugar and prevent organ damage. |
670298ff1c9bf973fc8e7e13c9c98bd4 | Is type 2 more or less aggressive than type 1 diabetes? | Type 2 diabetes is often a milder form of diabetes than type 1. Nevertheless, type 2 diabetes can still cause major health complications, particularly in the smallest blood vessels in the body that nourish the kidneys, nerves, and eyes. Type 2 diabetes also increases your risk of heart disease and stroke. |
c36e81f9a8cd713596e7a49337d443af | How do people with type 1 diabetes take insulin? | Treatment for type 1 diabetes involves taking insulin, which needs to be injected through the skin into the fatty tissue below. The methods of injecting insulin include: Syringes Insulin pens that use pre-filled cartridges and a fine needle Jet injectors that use high pressure air to send a spray of insulin through the skin Insulin pumps that dispense insulin through flexible tubing to a catheter under the skin of the abdomen A periodic test called the A1 C blood test estimates glucose levels in your blood over the previous three months. |
3f512c92f15c8cea31c13cbe76cdbdf2 | What risks to the mother are caused by gestational diabetes? | Risks to the mother include needing a cesarean section due to an overly large baby, as well as damage to heart, kidney, nerves, and eye. |
6143d6678e11d87fc34aea73124c1a5a | What causes a lack of insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes? | With Type 2 diabetes, the pancreas usually produces some insulin. But either the amount produced is not enough for the body's needs, or the body's cells are resistant to it. Insulin resistance, or lack of sensitivity to insulin, happens primarily in fat, liver, and muscle cells. |
600155873c01a4b59bb2500771663749 | Is type 2 diabetes curable? | But even then, there is not enough insulin to keep sugars normal. There is no cure for diabetes. Type 2 diabetes can, however, be controlled with weight management, nutrition, and exercise. Unfortunately, type 2 diabetes tends to progress, and diabetes medications are often needed. |
856409f9c09687cd3c26075fbcb5adb5 | What lifestyle changes are necessary for people with type 1 diabetes? | Having type 1 diabetes does require significant lifestyle changes that include: Frequent testing of your blood sugar levels Careful meal planning Daily exercise Taking insulin and other medications as needed People with type 1 diabetes can lead long, active lives if they carefully monitor their glucose, make the needed lifestyle changes, and adhere to the treatment plan. |
e1123893954ad2e5938ed7ea0ad474cd | What risks to the unborn baby are caused by gestational diabetes? | With gestational diabetes, risks to the unborn baby are even greater than risks to the mother. Risks to the baby include abnormal weight gain before birth, breathing problems at birth, and higher obesity and diabetes risk later in life. |
5f6275c4dfc8ef49deed8a8a77ddabef | What is an A1c test for type 2 diabetes? | An A1 C test is a blood test that estimates average glucose levels in your blood over the previous three months. Periodic A1 C testing may be advised to see how well diet, exercise, and medications are working to control blood sugar and prevent organ damage. The A1 C test is typically done a few times a year. |
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