text
stringlengths 10
10.1k
| source
stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|
plastic composite supports containing agricultural products oat hulls SH yeast extract soybean flour dried bovine erythrocytes bovine Al andor mineral salts and wtwt polypropylene were produced by hightemperature twinscrew extrusion the research employed two half sets of a fivefactorial fractional design to evaluate the effects of different agricultural components on the properties of the plastic composite supports and to select the best plastic composite support formulation for LA fermentation the biofilm population was affected by the CA and relative hydrophobicity of the supports r to lactic acid was produced by the suspended cells r and the biofilm on the plastic composite support discs r incorporation of yeast extract into plastic composite supports enhanced growth of free and attached cells in MM p the presence of soybean hulls yeast extract or mineral salts in plastic composite supports produced less hydrophobic supports p and enhanced cell att p under all conditions suspendedcell and PP disc controls gave negligible LA production and cell density plastic composite supports containing soybean hulls yeast extract soybean flour bovine albumin and mineral salts gave the highest biofilm population x cfug of support cell density absorbance of at nm and LA concentration gliter in minimal medium
|
MEDAL
|
to determine trends in referral for venous TE vte imaging in western australian teaching hospitals
|
MEDAL
|
a yearold housewife with MG mg for years who was initially treated by radiation to the hyperplastic thymus and anticholinesterase therapy developed BL ptosis paresthesia of her right face and decreased taste sensation T3 house work at the age of years neurological examinations revealed lateral and vertical gaze palsy upward nystagmus decreased taste sensation peripheral facial palsy on the left side she also had hypalgesia on the RA face arm and chest up to th level and urinary retention she had hyperreflexia on the right side but no extensor toe signs csf study revealed cellsmicroliters and protein of mgdl SS igg aCL was positive magnetic resonance imaging studies revealed high intensity Az in the brainstem tegmentum and periventricular WG matter diagnosis of multiple sclerosis ms was made this is the first case in which mg ms and SS aCL were present simultaneously which may be all due to some immunological abnormality steroid therapy made anticardiolipin antibody negative but new ms plaque developed in months which favors diagnosis of ms rather than infarction since the activities of acla were not correlating to clinical symptoms mri was helpful in detecting ms plaques in mg patients
|
MEDAL
|
recent research in childhood autism has provided support for the hypothesis that a central cognitive deficit involving severe language impairment underlies this disorder in this study a group of autistic children were tested for handedness and for lateralization of speech CF using a dichotic listening task contrary to earlier reports there were no lefthanded children in the group although a number showed mixed preference in the dischotic listening task using pairs of single syllable words the autistic group performed similarly to a matched group of NC in terms of numbers of correct responses but over all did not show the RA ear advantage characteristic of the NC there was a significant excess of right hemisphere dominance for verbal stimuli amongst the autistic children suggesting that for some at least language functions had developed in the right hemisphere lateralization was shown to be related to presence or absence of speech before the age of years and to iq level
|
MEDAL
|
the generalized born gb continuum solvent MM is arguably the most widely used implicit solvent MM in protein folding and protein structure prediction simulations however it still remains an open question on how well the MM behaves in these largescale simulations the current study uses the betahairpin from cterminus of protein g as an example to explore the folding free SE landscape with various gb models and the results are compared to the explicit solvent simulations and experiments all free energy landscapes are obtained from extensive conformation space sampling with a highly parallel replica exchange method because solvation model parameters are strongly coupled with force fields five different force fieldsolvation MM combinations are examined and compared in this study namely the explicit solvent model oplsaaspc MM and the implicit solvent models oplsaasgb surface gb ambergbsa gb with solvent ASA ambergbsa and ambergbsa surprisingly we find that the free SE landscapes from implicit solvent models are quite different from that of the explicit solvent model except for ambergbsa all other implicit solvent models find the lowest free energy state not the native state all implicit solvent models show erroneous saltbridge effects between charged residues particularly in oplsaasgb model where the overly strong saltbridge effect results in an overweighting of a nonnative structure with one hydrophobic residue f expelled from the hydrophobic core in order to make better salt bridges on the other hand both ambergbsa and ambergbsa models turn the betahairpin in to an alphahelix and the alphahelical content is much higher than the previously reported alphahelices in an explicit solvent simulation with amber ambertipp only ambergbsa shows a reasonable free SE landscape with the lowest free SE structure the native one despite an erroneous saltbridge between d and k detailed results on free SE contour maps lowest free energy structures CSD of nativparations in calciumfree solutions led to decreases in the mean amplitude of endplate currents epc because of decreases in their quantum composition increases in the time course of transmitter secretion and decreases in the frequency of miniature endplate currents the relationship between quantum composition of epc and the extracellular ca ion concentration showed a sharp displacement towards higher concentrations without significant changes in the slope of the relationship at high initial ca concentrations mm LT exposure to calciumfree solutions led to a less marked decrease in epc amplitude it is suggested that the extra and intracellular ca ion concentrations support the maintenance of the characteristic morphofunctional organization of the apparatus responsible for transmitter secretion in frog nerve endings disorganization of the active zones leads to disruption of elements involved in transmitter secretion and decreases in the efficiency of secretion
|
MEDAL
|
four nitroarenes were tested in two standard genotoxicity CA systems using three wellknown bacterial tester strains the results were as follows nitroquinoline loxide nqo was positive in quillardet and hofnungs sos chromotest using escherichia coli strain pq both in the presence and absence of microsomal s supplements and in the salmonella typhimurium umu tester strains nm and nm which express high C2 of oacetyltransferase oat and oat plus NR nr respectively mnitrocinnamic acid mnca was weakly positive in strains nm and nm but negative in the sos chromotest mdinitrobenzene mdnb was weakly positive in strain nm intermediate positive in CS nm but negative in the sos chromotest dinitrotoluene dnt was weakly positive in strain nm but negative in strain nm and in the sos chromotest however it still showed a doseresponse relationship in strain nm in view of these results it is suggested that investigators planning to screen miscellaneous nitroarenes for their genotoxicity in the future should consider taking advantage of the increased sensitivity whichny resulting cutaneous dells measured with a micrometer betweengroup comparisons were performed with anova or chisquare tests octylcyanoacrylate treated wounds reepithelialized more slowly as fewer wounds treated with octylcyanoacrylate were reepithelialized at day in comparison with silver sulfadiazine or control wounds vs vs p there were no infections or foreign body type reactions amounts of granulation tissue were similar among CG octylcyanoacrylate wounds were more depressed than silver sulfadiazine wounds at days and yet had similar histopathological characteristics at day we conclude that treatment of small full thickness cutaneous wounds with octylcyanoacrylate results in delayed reepithelialization and dermal repair in comparison with silver sulfadiazine yet it does not result in any foreign bodytype reaction however by days histopathological wound characteristics were similar in all CG
|
MEDAL
|
to assess the effects of the oral intake of flavonoidrich dark chocolate on coronary circulation we measured coronary flow velocity reserve cfvr by noninvasive transthoracic doppler echocardiography ttde in healthy AD subjects
|
MEDAL
|
the infusion of polyethylene oxide in anesthetised rats in a total dose of gml caused a reduction in blood pressure this i.t. has been associated with decreased pressure servonulling method and increased blood velocity laser doppler fluxmetry in mesenteric arterioles d about mu but no increase in their internal diameter was observed imagesplit method vasodilatation adenosine m did not NC the hemodynamic response of the arterioles to polymer infusion these results suggest that microdisturbances of blood flow which can be diminished by drugreducing polymers are more important for the vascular resistance to blood than it has been previously
|
MEDAL
|
this study evaluated the effect of inhibitors of transmethylation on histamine release from rat mast cells and rat basophilic CEM igemediated HR from rat basophilic CEM rblh cells was inhibited by deazaadenosine dza in the presence of lhomocysteine thiolactone hcy or the combination of adenosine erythrohydroxynonyl adenine ehna and hcy in a dosedependent fashion there were no significant changes in the cellular camp C2 by these inhibitors HR induced by antiige or dextran from normal RMC was also blocked by dza plus hcy in a dosedependent manner dza at m in the presence of m hcy or the combination of m adenosine m ehna and m hcy inhibited lipid perhaps phospholipid methylation into rblh cells without affecting choline incorporation in the presence of m dza plus m hcy there was a fold increase in sadohcy with the concomitant appearance of deazaadohcy when the cells were incubated with smethionine thus indicating that these drugs inhibited methylation reactions through the intracellular accumulation of adohcy and deazaadohcy in contrast histamine release from RMC induced by the A23187 compound polymyxin b or atp was not inhibited by these compounds these results suggest that ige or dextranmediated histamine release involves methylation reactionss whereas the other secretagogues bypass this early step
|
MEDAL
|
patients with parkinsonism pose a diagnostic challenge parkinsons disease may be difficult to distinguish from multiple system atrophy and PSP whereas FPD and dementia with lewy bodies can be difficult to distinguish from alzheimers disease and other dementias a number of studies have found diminished cardiac imetaiodobenzylguanidine uptake in lewy bodyrelated conditions parkinsons disease and LBD in the DLB consortium considered imetaiodobenzylguanidine cardiac scintigraphy a supportive diagnostic feature based on limited evidence we report a metaanalysis of the literature and an assessment of the utility of imetaiodobenzylguanidine for the diagnosis of DLB and parkinsons disease a search was conducted of articles published between and june fortysix studies involving NP and movement disorders comprising subjects were included in the analysis a mixedeffects regression MM was used to analyze the delayed mean hearttomediastinum ratio of imetaiodobenzylguanidine uptake imetaiodobenzylguanidine cardiac scintigraphy sensitively detected and specifically distinguished diagnostic clusters parkinsons disease DLB and REM behavior disorder and NCs and patients with alzheimers disease multiple system atrophy PSP vascular dementia and frontotemporal dementia the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was at a cluster discriminatory hearttomediastinum ratio threshold of this threshold yielded sensitivity and specificity for the discrimination of these diagnostic clusters imetaiodobenzylguanidine cardiac scintigraphy can accurately distinguish between movement disorders parkinsons disease and multiple system atrophy and between common causes of PSD alzheimers disease and PSD with lewy HB © movement disorder society
|
MEDAL
|
older age groups are usually omitted from studies of inequalities in health on account of the widespread assumption that later life is a time of universal ill health which will obscure the differences apparent at earlier ages data from the general household survey reveal significant social class and sex differences among elderly people in the prevalence of chronic illness and in perceived health status these findings show that the experience of health in later life is related to social circumstances
|
MEDAL
|
there is increasing epidemiological and exp evidence that sleep disordered breathing sdb is associated with cardiovascular disease such as hypertension ischaemic heart disease heart failure and stroke due to the high prevalence of sdb in the GP to there is increasing demand for costeffective and reliable diagnostic tools for the assessment of cardiovascular CF during sleep in patients with sdb the first part of this review focuses on our present knowledge about the association between sdb and cardiovascular disease in the second part various methods for the assessment of cardiac function blood pressure sympathetic activity as well as V1 and cerebrovascular CF in patients with sdb are discussed current developments such as ecg analysis for sdb screening or arterial tonometry are introduced further improvements in the diagnostic tools for the investigation of cardiovascular function in patients with sdb may to advantage be coupled with epidemiological studies this RPA may demonstrate the predictive value or superiority of a TPS diagnostic parameter in the diagnosis of sdb and its cardiovascular consequences
|
MEDAL
|
developing molar teeth of the dog were sectioned embedded in copper containing polymethyl methacrylate polished and their cap and cana molar ratios investigated with the electron microprobe the teeth were obtained at days from pups fed regimes of different acidbase status with or without fluoride supplementation from birth to sacrifice at days no clear trends in their cap or cana ratios with R2 in the diet were observed however evaluation of the cap ratio of the enamel as a function of depth revealed that this ratio was at the mineralization front this suggests that in enamel brushite rather than octacalcium phosphate is the precursor phase of the mineral
|
MEDAL
|
in countries with a high transmission rate of rubella the optimal age for universal rubella vaccination of infants is critically dependent upon the rate of loss of maternal antibodies few studies have investigated the decay characteristics of such antibodies motherinfant pairs were recruited at the ethioswedish childrens hospital addis ababa in rubella antibody levels determined by radial haemolysis were available for analysis from infants aged months with repeat measures and from mothers decay in seropositivity was well described by a delayed exponential CF the proportion seropositive at age or months was or respectively dependent upon CA cutoff level only infant age and mothers antibody level were important predictors of seropositivity results suggest that the success of vaccination at age months or above would be little affected by residual maternal antibodies
|
MEDAL
|
in ten anaesthetized open chest cats the ligation of left descending PD lldca resulted in percent of mortality with survival time of min the death of animals was preceded by premature ventricular contractions which occurred with frequency min T3 min following lldca molsidomine as a dose of microgramskg given iv to cats min before lldca affected none of the above characteristics of AMI the pretreatment with iloprost microgramskg given iv to cats diminished frequency of premature ventricular contractions and elongated a period of time required for their occurrence after lldca however iloprost was also unable to diminish mortality of lldca cats only a combined administration of molsidomine and ILO significantly diminished mortality among lldca cats down to percent and doubled their survival time as compared to the controls it is concluded that nodonors molsidomine exert permissive effect towards the cardioprotective action of prostacyclin analogues iloprost in cats with MI lldca cats pretreated with molsidomine iloprost enjoyed a more CR cardioprotection than those pretreated with a high dose unitskg iv of superoxide dismutase
|
MEDAL
|
in chronic experiments on cats the MUA was studied under action of small doses of nembutal mgkg in the motor cortex a different sensitivity to nembutal was revealed in the cells simultaneous recording of the multiunit activity in two microareas within mu revealed that the change of mean FR recorded with different electrodes was reciprocal in a number of cases bursts of discharges were synchronous in a certain anesthesia stage in neighbouring microareas but the CSD was different thus the use of light nembutal narcosis allowed to differentiate specific changes of the MUA from the changes elicited by general synchronizing effects
|
MEDAL
|
this T0 investigated the effects of buspirone on acquisition as well as formation and expression of SM in three different types of avoidance tasks rats were trained and tested on a onetrial IA task an trial AS avoidance task or the MWM buspirone mgkg was administered subcutaneously min before training immediately after training or min before testing retention was tested at various times T3 training in the inhibitory avoidance task pretraining i.v. of buspirone produced a marked impairing effect on PR posttraining injections of buspirone produced a moderate but timedependent memory deficit pretest injections of buspirone suppressed PR performance such an effect was more pronounced in the day test than in the day test intrahippocampal infusion of buspirone micrograms before testing suppressed expression of the day but not the day SM in the AA task and the morris water maze an i.t. of buspirone before training or testing also impaired acquisition or suppressed retention performance these findings suggest that buspirone given at various times could compromise acquisition consolidation and retrieval of affective SM and the hippocampus was involved in the retrieval effect
|
MEDAL
|
the main pathogenic enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli ehec strains are defined as shiga toxin stxproducing e coli stec belonging to one of the following serotypes oh oh oh oh and oh each of these five serotypes is known to be associated with a specific AT1 of the intiminencoding gene eae the objective of this T0 was to evaluate the prevalence of bovine carriers of these âtop fiveâ stec in the four adult cattle categories slaughtered in france fecal samples were collected from cattle inty whereas the cysala mutant retained rnase activity but had reduced heat stability therefore the cyscys bond in rnase he is essential for the structure of the rnase AS site region similarly the cyscys bond helps maintain the conformational stability of the AS site region and may contribute to the greater heat stability of rnase he
|
MEDAL
|
clerocidin cl is an effective topoisomerase iipoison which has been shown to produce dna depurination and strand breaks per se at the guanine g level to elucidate the roles played by the different PET groups of cl in the CR towards nucleic acids we investigated cl derivatives with key structural modifications the derivatives were reacted with plasmid singledoublestranded dna and isolated deoxyguanosines dg we show here that an IN oxirane ring is essential to achieve dna modification and depurination through hplcms and msms techniques we were able to unambiguously characterize adducts obtained by reacting isolated dg and singledoublestranded dna with the drugs indicating beyond reasonable doubt that the structure of a typical adduct is formed by epoxide alkylation at n of g with subsequent loss of the pentose unit further we showed that reduction of vicinal carbonyl functions affect drug activity to a C1 extent our findings demonstrate that the characteristic dnaalkylating properties of cl arise from mutual action of the functional CG present in this molecule its oxidation state seems crucial to modulate the rates of reactivity by finely tuning the CS applied on the oxirane ring
|
MEDAL
|
undernutrition contributes to half of all childhood deaths under the age of y and confers upon survivors a lifelong predisposition to obesity type diabetes and cardiovascular disease mechanisms underlying the link between early nutrient ED and noncommunicable diseases are unknown using outbred cd neonatal mice we measured metabolic profile differences between conventionally reared mice given unrestricted access to nursing the control group and undernourished mice subjected to proteincalorie deprivation through timed separation from lactating mothers after d of undernutrition urine plasma CL ileal fluid cecal fluid and stool were harvested from pools of neonatal mice per group the metabolome was identified using a multiplatform mass spectrometrybased approach and random forest metrics were used to identify the most important metabolites that distinguished the undernourished from the control group our data reveal striking metabolic changes in undernourished mice consistent with the known rat response to starvation including evidence of muscle and fat catabolism and increased reliance on the TCA for energy however we also revealed evidence of CL and biliary injury anomalies in bile acid metabolism oxidative AS and inflammation accelerated heme breakdown and altered regulation of dna methylation among the metabolites that most strongly distinguished the groups were hydroxyisobutyrate increased fold in plasma of UN mice p à urobilinogen increased fold in urine of UN mice p à deoxycholate decreased in stool of UN mice p à and different products of the enzyme γglutamyltransferase increased in all compartments of UN mice this MM of the undernourished neonatal metabolome illustrates the wide range of pathways disrupted by undernutrition in early development and suggests mechanistic links between early starvation and persistent metabolic diseases
|
MEDAL
|
this T0 attempted to determine which visual scene cues are most ERP in overcoming the somatogravic illusion sgi a form of spatial disorientation that occurs when a shift in the resultant gravitoinertial force vector created by a sustained linear acceleration is misinterpreted as a change in pitch or bank attitude nine subjects were exposed to a gravitoinertial force shift of degrees in the pitch plane both with their eyes closed and while viewing computergenerated visual scenes through a wide fieldofview headmounted display the scenes depicted acceleration over a shoreline by means of horizon texture perspective and color cues that were presented both in isolation and in various combinations none of the scenes significantly reduced the magnitude of the sgi relative to the eyesclosed baseline pitch illusion even though the textured scenes produced some linear vection it remains to be established whether lowcost headmounted visual displays can reliably reduce the magnitude of the sgi and other spatially disorienting illusions
|
MEDAL
|
male rats aged or months were trained successively in one and twoway avoidance tasks the oneway avoidance test consisted of up to trials given in a single session with the conditional stimulus cs khz tone presented for either s or for s in separate groups senescent rats performed poorest middleaged rats intermediately and young adult rats best failure of the longer cs to yield better acquisition than the short cs in the senescent group suggested that the agerelated deficit probably did not result from slower responding in subsequent shuttle box training there was no appreciable age difference in achieving the learning criterion a compound visualauditory cs was used and in further DUE of welltrained rats it was found that the auditory component was much more ERP than the visual component in eliciting avoidance however this differential effect of the two stimuli was much weaker in the senescent group than in the young AD group nonetheless these same senescent and adult rats readily learned to make avoidance responses using only the auditory cs demonstrating that this was an ERP CS- for all age groups
|
MEDAL
|
the effects of maintenance on venlafaxine which blocks both norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake on the response to smoked cocaine or mg in opioidfree and methadonemaintained cocaine abusers was examined during a day study participants received venlafaxine mg daily and placebo as part of a doubleblind crossover design cocaine significantly increased heart rate blood pressure cocaine choice cocaine ratings and ratings of positive subjective effects eg i feel high in both CG venlafaxine significantly decreased the subjective effects of cocaine by without affecting cocaine choice or cardiovascular response in both groups although the reduction in cocaines effects was small further studies using a longer venlafaxine by fimbriafornix lesions made T3 preexposure but before training large neurotoxic lesions of the dorsal hippocampus made before preexposure had no effect on the retardation of ccp learning but the rats with these lesions were impaired on a standard test of reinforced spatial learning in a WM the lesion effects in experiment are similar to those previously reported for voluntary exploration and suggest that pure spatial learning may occur during both voluntary exploration of and involuntary exposure to an environment in the absence of reinforcers pure spatial learning can apparently occur with exposure to two different locations within an environment but the rats do not have to move between the locations voluntarily an IN fimbriafornix is required for acquisition but not expression of this form of learning the hippocampus is not involved in this form of learning
|
MEDAL
|
recoagulan was compared to the standard calcium chloride cacl method for effectiveness of recalcification of plasma and whole blood the time required for clot formation was determined the effect of recoagulan on the specificity of hepatitis tests direct antiglobulin tests indirect antiglobulin tests and agglutination tests were investigated hepatitis testing was performed on UT serum and recoagulantreated ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid edta plasmas by radioimmunoassay reversed passive latex agglutination and reversed passive HA methods direct antiglobulin tests were performed on untreated cacl treated and recoagulan treated edta acidcitratedextrose acd and CPD cpd samples of whole blood red cell antibody specificity and titer were determined before and T3 clot formation by both the cacl and recoagulan methods examples of agglutinating and sensitizing antibodies were tested antibodies directed against antigens in the rh kell mns lewis p kidd duffy and lutheran blood CG systems were investigated recoaglulan didnot have a detrimental effect on the tests performed and compared favorably to the standard recalcification method
|
MEDAL
|
the unique micronano porous threedimensional network of bacterial cellulose bc can facilitate the incorporation of nanoparticles nps into the bc matrix to create T3 bcbased PET nanomaterials for diverse applications in this T0 novel nanomaterials comprised of BC bc synthesized in the presence of different nps cellulose nanofibrils cnf exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets xgnp and nanoclay nc were prepared using an in situ RPA nps at wt loading were added into the bc SC medium and their effect on the resulting nanocomposite structure was studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy fesem xray diffraction xrd fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ftir and TG analysis tga all bcbased nanomaterials produced exhibited good dispersion of the nps within the bc matrix and the nps were found embedded among the voids and microfibrils the thermal stability and residual mass of bcxgnp and bcnc nanomaterials was significantly increased compared with the neat bc cnf incorporation into the bc matrix did not NC the thermal stability and residual mass of the bc matrix this T0 also provides novel insights into the properties of the hybrid materials and shows the RPA used to make these materials which results in increased performance for chosen applications
|
MEDAL
|
lipocalintype prostaglandin pg d synthase lpgds is a dually functional protein acting both as a pgdsynthesizing enzyme and as an extracellular transporter of various lipophilic small molecules lpgds is expressed in oligodendrocytes ols in the CNS system and is upregulated in ols of the twitcher mouse a MM of globoid cell leukodystrophy krabbes disease we investigated whether upregulation of lpgds is either unique to krabbes disease or is a more generalized phenomenon in lysosomal storage disorders lsds using lsd mouse models of taysachs disease sandhoff disease gm gangliosidosis and niemannpick type c disease quantitative rtpcr revealeadopt many different conformations during elongation we have measured the geometry of the dna and rna in ternary elongation complexes using singlepair fluorescence resonance energy transfer six different synthetic transcription elongation complexes were constructed from dna containing an artificial transcription bubble an rna primer and core rna polymerase from escherichia coli two different rna primers were used an mer and a extended mer fluorescent dye labels were attached at one of three positions on the dna and at the rna primer end structurally the UP dna runs perpendicular to the proposed rna exit channel upon nucleosidetriphosphate addition dnarna hybrid separation occurs readily in the mer complexes but not in the mer complexes clear evidence was obtained that rna polymerase exists in multiple conformations among which it fluctuates
|
MEDAL
|
cancer cells are frequently characterized by aberrant increases in protein nglycosylation and by disruption of ecadherinmediated adherens junctions the relationship between altered nglycosylation and loss of EC adhesion in CA however remains unclear previously we reported that complex nglycans on the ECDs of ecadherin inhibited the formation of mature adherens junctions here we examined whether dysregulated nglycosylation was one of the underlying causes for cellular discohesion in oral CA we show that dense cultures of human salivary epidermoid carcinoma a cells exhibited elevated expression of dpagt the gene that initiates protein nglycosylation overexpression of dpagt correlated with the production of ecadherinbearing complex nglycans in nascent adherens junctions partial inhibition of dpagt with small interfering rna reduced the complex nglycans of EC and increased the abundance of alphacatenin and stabilizing proteins in adherens junctions this was associated with the ase warfarin lisinopril morphine carbamazepine digoxin and methotrexate this work has highlighted the CE role that GP gp receptionists have in the prescribing process and the importance of their perspectives in understanding how medication errors occur in GA practice receptionists within greater glasgow were purposively sampled from a survey of personal experience of PE involving the drugs of interest five onetoone indepth interviews and one group interview with receptionists were conducted exploring the perceptions of receptionists about the factors that influence PE four themes emerged from the interviews related to receptionists perceptions of AF influencing PE trust in the gp to check prescriptions the receptionists role of communicating with patients workload and the hospitalsurgery link this research illustrates the important contribution that receptionists can make to understanding how errors occur in GP receptionists have responsibilities for the continuation of care by communicating with patients doctors and external care providers and they perceive that problems in communication with these parties can develop into medicinerelated errors these findings may inform educational outcomes for receptionists including involvement in the practices protected learning time and interpersonal skills development as well as improved communication skills in other health professionals
|
MEDAL
|
the present investigations were carried out to show the histological and ultrastructural alterations in rat testes weeks T3 gossypol acetic acid treatment dose mg gossypol acetic acidkgday the morphological findings in the interstitial compartment were compared with the data from studies carried out to investigate the testosterone biosynthesis in gossypol acetic acid treated rats no morphological changes in the epididymal and vasal epithelia were found however the germinal epithelial cells showed vacuolisation pycnosis disconnections of junctions cytolysis and exfoliation of germ cells from the epithelium the sertoli cells were affected too GAA seemed to stimulate the physiological activity pathologically cellular organelles as mitochondria endoplasmic reticulum lysosomal vacuoles pigment granules and nuclei were either enlarged in size and number or malformed in shape the cellular contact was often restricted to spots or CR disconnected if GAA was po for a longer period of time some sertoli cells were found to be unable to withstand the toxic CS- and the cells became necrotic too in contrast to the toxic process in the germinal and sertoli cells the leydig cell compartment did not show any changes in fine structure and therefore testosterone biosynthesis is presumed to be intact
|
MEDAL
|
hypoglycemia occurred in a yearold girl with neuroblastoma initially growth hormone secretion was suppressed and she had low C2 of insulinlike growth factor igfi and igf IB protein but elevated levels of C1 molecular weight igfii we postulated that the pathogenesis of her hypoglycemia involved production of igfii by her neuroblastoma leading to gh suppression and an abnormally elevated ratio of igf to igf binding protein she was successfully treated with growth hormone treatment was associated with normalization of the growth hormonedependent growth factor C2 and with euglycemia
|
MEDAL
|
colonisation of the human gastric antrum with non campylobacter pylori spiral organisms is described a moderately severe histological gastritis was present despite the fact that these organisms in contrast to c pylori were not closely associated with the epithelial cell surface although in vitro culture of the organisms was unsuccessful in vivo SC was achieved in the mouse stomach further study of these spiral organisms should provide important clues to the role of bacteria in upper gastrointestinal disease
|
MEDAL
|
PUFA fatty acids pufa a group of nourishing and healthpromoting nutrients ameliorate agerelated chronic diseases however how pufa especially n pufa exert antiaging functions remains poorly understood here we link FO docosahexaenoic acid dha and AA aa to the aging etiology via a redoxtelomereantioncogene axis based on dgalactoseinduced aging mice both FO and pufa enhanced hepatic superoxide dismutase sod and catalase MICs and cardiac sod MICs within the range of and respectively whereas reduced cerebral monoamine oxidase activity plasma fisoprostane level and CBF lipid peroxidation level by and respectively thus pufa improve the in vivo redox and oxidative AS induced aging process which however does not exhibit a dosedependent manner notably both pufa and fish oil effectively inactivated testicular telomerase and inhibited cmycmediats of a segment of the bowel wall as seen by ultrasonography or ct scan the treatment consists in antimicrobial therapy with a regimen that covers the most frequent pathogens taking into consideration the local epidemiology other measures include bowel rest and the use of gcsf surgery is indicated only in selected situations
|
MEDAL
|
three pharmacological subtypes of cholinergic receptors have been distinguished in ascaris suum using a muscle contraction assay and CP pharmacological techniques the receptor subtypes are a bsubtype sensitive to bephenium an lsubtype sensitive to lev and pyrantel and an nsubtype CS to nicotine and methyridine oxantel is a cholinergic anthelmintic that was first introduced for the treatment of whipworm trichuris infections in children here we compare the AT1 selectivity of oxantel with thenium and other ACh anthelmintics we used the a suum assay to derive pa values for the agonists oxantel thenium bephenium lev pyrantel NIC and methyridine with the antagonists paraherquamide desoxyparaherquamide and MLA pa values rather than pkb values were determined for all agonists when it was found that schild slopes for some agonists were significantly less than the pa of oxantel was for paraherquamide for desoxyparaherquamide for MLA comparison of pa values using CA showed that oxantel was grouped with nicotine and methyridine the nsubtype agonists thenium had pas of for paraherquamide for desoxyparaherquamide for MLA cluster analysis placed thenium between the lsubtype agonists and the bsubtype agonist the therapeutic significance of classification of cholinergic anthelmintics is discussed combination of oxantel and pyrantel would have therapeutic advantages covering n and lsubtypes and so increasing spectrum of action and reducing the potential for OD of resistance our results predict that oxantel may remain effective in some nematode isolates that have become lev and pyrantelresistant
|
MEDAL
|
cotton wool plaques cwps are round lesions that lack a CE amyloid core cwps have been observed in individuals affected by earlyonset familial alzheimer disease fad associated with mutations in the presenilin psen gene here we present the characterization of the amyloidbeta abeta peptides deposited in the brain of an individual affected by fad carrying the novel missense vi mutation in the psen gene matrixassisted laser desorption ionization timeofflight mass spectrometry was used to determine the abeta peptide species present in the cerebral and cerebellar cortices in leptomeningeal vessels and in cwps isolated by laser microdissection lmd our results indicate that aminoterminally truncated abeta peptide species ending at residues and are the main abeta peptides deposited in brain parenchyma and lmdcwps in association with the psen vi mutation FL abeta and abeta peptide species were underrepresented cwps were not found to be associated with vessels and did not contain abeta MMP the main component of the V1 deposits although abeta deposits were present mostly in the form of cwps in the CBF cortex and as diffuse deposits in the cerebellar cortex a similar array of aminoterminally truncated abeta peptide species was seen in both cases the PSA data support the concept that parenchymal and vascular amyloid deposits are associated with a different array of abeta peptide species the generation and parenchymal deposition of highly insoluble aminoterminally truncated abeta peptides may play an important role in the pathogenesis of ad and must be taken into consideration in developing new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies
|
MEDAL
|
catheter ablation procedures are performed by HT and experienced cardiology subspecialists yet the massive amount of data produced during these procedures creates a data overload problem that can impede the performance of even the best practitioners this may be evidenced by overlooking important signal features misinterpreting the signals and misinterpreting catheter locations in the HR all of which can lead to increased procedure duration applications of radiofrequency energy to the wrong part of the HR or both this article presents the first results from a project aimed at developing a modelbased system for interpreting intracardiac electrograms in near real time the system is intended to assist physicians in interpreting the enormous amounts of data recorded during catheter ablation studies it is an extension of the einthoven system that has been D2 to account for the threedimensional relationships in the CCS as recorded in the various intracardiac electrograms the new threedimensional cardiac conduction MM and the enhancements to einthovens reasoning algorithms are presented the locus of this T0 is on interpreting the results of VVI extrastimulus tests data collected for this study and the output generated by the system are presented
|
MEDAL
|
we observed a clustering of cholangiocarcinoma in a part of west virginia we analyzed the frequency and type of alterations in the p tumorsuppressor gene and the kras oncogene to determine whether cholangiocarcinomas from this highincidence area differ from other cholangiocarcinomas at the molecular level we studied carcinomas of patients from the highincidence area west virginia group and carcinomas of patients from nearby states nonwest virginia group overexpression of the p gene product accompanying most mutations in the p gene was determined by immunohistochemistry p CS analysis of exons and of the pimmunohistochemicalpositive carcinomas was also performed kras codon mutations were detected by the polymerase chain reaction and allelespecific oligonucleotide hybridization significantly more cholangiocarcinomas from the west virginia group were pimmunohistochemicalpositive than from the nonwest virginia group vs p p mutations did not differ in the groups in respect to site or specific type no differences were found between the CG regarding kras mutations vs although the higher frequency of pimmunohistochemical positivity in the west virginia group may reflect a different etiology of these CC explaining the high incidence in this area results of p sequence analysis were not different in the west virginia group the high incidence may be explained by difference in carcinogenic dose or a different etiology not reflected in p or kras alterations
|
MEDAL
|
nerve growth factor ngf is produced by and affects a number of immune and inflammatory cells as part of the inflammatory response ngf directly or indirectly alters the sensitivity of small diameter sensory neurons that communicate noxious information the question remains as to the receptors and intracellular signaling cascades that mediate this sensitizing acctivation required for PLT aggregation under flow and ii by suppressing cadependent phosphatidylserine exposure and consequently thrombin generation and coagulation this platelet signaling protein is the first one identified to balance the proaggregatory and procoagulant functions of thrombi
|
MEDAL
|
we compared the effects of different n PUFA fatty acids pufa on PLT aggregation and lipid metabolism in rats LNA ala EPA acid epa and docosahexaenoic acid dha were used as n pufa sources the rats were fed diets containing lipids polyunsaturatedsaturated HFA ps ratio nn for the control group for the test groups for two weeks the PLT counts platelet aggregation and production of thromboxane a txa plasma total cholesterol tc and triacylglycerols tg were not different between the ala group and the control group but showed a decreasing tendency for the epa group and significant decreases for the dha group the production of prostacyclin in the aorta was significantly decreased in all of the n pufa groups when compared with that in the control group liver tc and tg concentrations were significantly decreased in the dha group when compared with those in the control group based on the above it is assumed that the physiological action exerted by n pufa differs by type and that dha is a more effective n pufa both for suppressing PLT aggregation and for modulating lipid metabolism in the plasma and liver of rats
|
MEDAL
|
we previously demonstrated that an acidic variant form of lysosomal arylsulfatase b accumulated in chronic myelogenous leukemia cml cells was highly phosphorylated at its carbohydrate moiety uehara y et al CA res since lysosomal hydrolases including the sulfatase underwent the posttranslational phosphorylation processing at the carbohydrate moiety we investigated two enzymes acting on the processing in peripheral leukocytes from one patients the activity level of the first enzyme in the processing an nacetylglucosaminephosphotransferase to form phosphodiester at the carbohydrates was significantly higher in cml cells than in normal control the transferase level in cml cells was also higher compared with that in normal bone marrow cells which include CFU-GM however the activity of the second processing enzyme a phosphodiester glycosidase that converts a PO to a phosphomonoester showed no consistent NC in cml cells thus increment of the sulfatase variant containing phosphomonoesters and diesters in cml cells is most probably associated with elevated MICs of the phosphotransferase in two cases of cml in blastic crisis and a case of acute myelogenous one aml activity of the processing enzyme was considerably decreased concomitant with reduction of IP blastic cells by chemotherapy
|
MEDAL
|
lack of safe and ERP carriers for delivery of rna therapeutics remains a barrier to its broad clinical application we report the OD of a cell tanscytosing magnetic nanovector engineered as an sirna carrier iron oxide nanoparticles were modified with PE glycol peg small interfering rna sirna and a cationic CP SL three nanovector formulations with cationic polymer coatings of polyarginine parg polylysine plys and polyethylenimine pei respectively were prepared the three nanovector formulations where evaluated for safety and ability to promote gene silencing in three types of CA cells cgfp mcfgfp and tcgfp mimicking human cancers of the brain breast and prostate respectively cell viability and fluorescence quantification assays revealed that pargcoated nanovectors were most ERP in promoting gene knockdown and least toxic of the three nanovector formulations tested transmission electron microscopy tem imaging of nanovector treated cells further demonstrated that pargcoated nanovectors enter cells through cell transcytosis while plys and pei coated nanovectors enter cells endocytosis our findings suggest that nps engineered to exploit the cell transcytosis intracellular trafficking pathway may offer a more safe and efficient route for sirna delivery
|
MEDAL
|
nocturnal vocalization is frequent in FPD patients with rapid EM rem sleep behaviour disorder rbd we investigated the frequency of nocturnal vocalization and other sleep problems in patients with PAF paf and compared the results with IPD ipd and DLB dlb we interviewed consecutive patientcaregiver pairs with paf n ipd n and dlb n and ischaemic stroke patients controls n nocturnal vocalization was similarly frequent in paf ipd and dlb other dream enactments and vivid dreams also were more frequent in paf ipd and dlb compared with controls excessive nighttime awakenings and daytime sleepiness were frequent in ipd but rare in paf and controls clinical manifestation of sleep disturbances at least of rbdlike PS including nocturnal vocalization and other dream enactments may occur in paf as in ipd and dlb
|
MEDAL
|
centrifugal casting of composites and ceramics has been widely employed to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of PET materials this powerful method has yet to be deployed in the context of nanoparticlesyet sizeeffect tuning of quantum dots is among their most distinctive and applicationrelevant features here we report the first gradient nanoparticle films to be constructed in a single step by creating a SD colloid of NPs that are capped with electronicconductioncompatible ligands we were able to leverage centrifugal casting for thinfilms devices this new method termed centrifugal colloidal casting is demonstrated to form films in a bandgapordered manner with efficient carrier funnelling towards the lowest energy layer we constructed the first quantumgradient photodiode to be formed in a single deposition step and as a result of the gradientenhanced electric field experimentally measured the highest normalized detectivity of any colloidal quantum dot photodetector
|
MEDAL
|
surgical resection is the main treatment for primary liver cancer but there is no ideal treatment for postoperative recurrence and metastasis recently due to the OD of immunology immunotherapy is regarded as a promising treatment for hepatoma this study was to prepare h hepatoma RT vaccine modified by the fusion gene of mouse granulocytemonocyte colony MSF mgmcsf and human interleukin hil and explore its specific antitumor immunity
|
MEDAL
|
inward rectifier potassium channels conduct k across the CM more efficiently in the inward than outward direction in physiological conditions voltagedependent and flowdependent blocks of outward k currents by intracellular polyamines eg Sp spm have been proposed as the L1 mechanisms underlying inward rectification in this study we show that the spm blocking affinity curve is shifted according to the shift in k reversal potential moreover the kinetics of spm entry to and exit from the binding site are correlatively slowed by TPS e and e mutations which always also disrupt the flux coupling feature of spm block the entry rates carry little Vc dependence whereas the exit rates are efold decelerated per â¼ mv depolarization interestingly the voltage dependence remains rather constant among wt and quite a few different mutant channels this voltage dependence offers an unprecedented chance of mapping the location electrical distance of the spm site in the pore because these kinetic data were obtained along the preponderant direction of k current flow outward currents for the entry rate and inward currents for the exients surgical procedures were uneventful under tiva plus epidural eptazocine significant depression of eeg and somatosensoryevoked potentials during anesthesia were observed without delay in recovery the circulatory response and blood gl level during and after anesthesia and surgery were stable and there was no postanesthetic respiratory depression on the other hand in patients given tiva only hypertension ART and elevated blood gl during and after anesthesia were observed in patients a vasodepressor was required and in patients nitrous oxide was needed therefore epidural eptazocine may make it possible to use lower doses of anesthesia in tiva thus reducing the adverse effects associated with tiva such as hypertension during surgery intraoperative awareness postanesthetic respiratory depression delayed REC from anesthesia and neurological signs T3 anesthesia this may be due to the Ï°stimulating action of EPI eptazocine on the spinal cord and its Ïblocking action as well as its lack of μaction on the BB
|
MEDAL
|
a negativegoing and a positivegoing field potential were evoked in the GC SL by electrical stimulation of a region near the cell SL commissuralassociational MF cf and of the lateral perforant path perforantpath fibres pp the cfevoked field potential was more strongly reduced by BAC mumol l and carbachol mumol l than was the ppevoked field potential by simultaneous intra and extracellular recordings the elements G1 from the two stimulation CS were determined stimulation of cffibres elicited concurrently excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials but inhibition predominated pp stimulation elicited excitation followed by inhibition and excitation predominated responses evoked from both stimulation CS were affected by antagonists for glutamatergic excitation inhibition blockade revealed that excitation elicited from the cfstimulation site was largely shunted by inhibition presumed GABA neurons in the dentate hilus were driven at latencies consistent with the latencies at which inhibition was elicited in granule cells from the two stimulation sites we conclude that the CS of synaptic events produced by extracellular stimulation can vary substantially by slightly differing electrode placements however it is difficult to decide simply on the basis of an extracellular field potential what elements have been G1
|
MEDAL
|
rat brains were dissected into major anatomical regions including caudate nucleus cerebellum VPI and SC cortex hippocampus olfactory bulb PIT gland PM spinal cord and TH tissue fractionation yielded microsomes and cytosol which were assayed for several phospholipid synthetic enzyme activities using a vesiclevesicle system the cytosol fractions were also examined for intermembrane phospholipid transfer activities for the metabolism of phosphatidylinositol specific MICs were determined for ctp PA cytidylyltransferase and cdpdiacylglycerol Ins phosphatidyltransferase regions with high phosphatidylinositol synthetic activity were PIT gland PM Cd and thalamus for the metabolism of phosphatidylcholine the measured enzymes were ctp phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase and cdpcholine diacylglycerol CPT these enzymes showed the highest activity in the colliculi olfactory bulb pituitary gland and PM the ponsmedulla cytosol fraction contained the highest level of phosphatidylinositol transfer activity while the colliculi and PM had the highest level of phosphatidylcholine transfer activity in contrast the pituitary gland displayed the lowest C2 of both phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylcholine transfer activity the relationships between synthetic and transfer MICs are discussed in terms of regional phospholipid metabolism
|
MEDAL
|
the mechanism whereby glycerol exerts its antispermatogenic action is not known the objective of this T0 was to determine with the use of hinulin and ialbumin by in vivo and in vitro methods whether glycerol exerts its effect by altering the permeability of the bloodtestis barrier btb adult male rats received a single intratesticular i.t. of either glycerol or treated or saline control and and weeks T3 treatment either hinulin or ialbumin was administered either by infusion or directly to the testicular tissues radioactivity was measured in testicular tissue RTF and seminiferous TF following in vivo administration the uptake of hinulin by seminiferous tubules rete testis fluid and seminiferous tubule fluid was significantly greater in the treated than in the control testes at all times after treatment radiolabeled inulin injected into isolated testes or added to medium in which isolated tubules were incubated accumulated at significantly higher C2 in the seminiferous tubule compartment of treated than control tissues RTF from treated testes collected by micropuncture following EDL contained about to fold more radioactivity than fluid from controls following infusion of microci of ialbumin into the jugular vein the accumulated radioactivity was significantly greater in testicular and epididymal tissues and in the STF from treated than from control animals in all experiments the significant differences between treated and control were maintained during the period of weeks following glycerol treatmentabstract truncated at words
|
MEDAL
|
the therapeutic alliance is considered the most robust process variable associated with positive therapeutic outcome in a variety of psychotherapeutic models alexander l b luborsky l the penn helping alliance scales in l s greenberg w m pinsoff eds the psychotherapeutic process a research handbook pp NY guilford press horvath a o gaston l luborsky l the alliance as predictor of benefits of counseling and therapy in n miller l luborsky j barber j p docherty eds psychodynamic treatment research a handbook for clinical practice pp new york ny basic books horvath a o del re a c flückiger c symonds d alliance in individual psychotherapy psychotherapy orlinky d grawe k parks b process and outcome in psychotherapy noch einmal in a bergin j s garfield eds handbook of psychotherapy and behaviour change th ed pp new york ny wiley and sons the relationship between alliance and outcome has traditionally been studied based on measures that assess these therapy factors at a global level however the specific variations of the alliance process and their association with therapy segments that are relevant for NC have not yet been fully examined the present study examines the variations in the therapeutic alliance in significant insession events change and stuck episodes identified through the observation of shortterm therapies of different theoretical orientations variations in the alliance were assessed using the vtassf shelef k diamond g short form of the revised vanderbilt therapeutic alliance scale development reliability and validity psychotherapy research nested analyses hlm indicate a statistically significant better quality of the alliance during NC episodes
|
MEDAL
|
cytokines such as interleukin il RT CN factoralpha TNF and interleukin il mediate a variety of host responses to trauma and infection including skeletal muscle proteolysis this investigation assesses the influence of damaging eccentric exercise on in vitro production and PC of cytokines and their relationship to muscle PB in a doubleblind placebocontrolled protocol male subjects took vitamin e supplements iuday for days then ran downhill on an inclined treadmill twentyfour hours after this single session of eccentric exercise endotoxininduced secretion of il beta was augmented p less than in cells obtained from the PL subjects but no significant exerciserelated changes were observed in cells from the vitamin esupplemented subjects TNF secretion was also significantly increased h after exercise but the response was not inhibited by VE in contrast il secretion did not change after exercise but dietary vitamin e supplementation significantly reduced il secretion throughout the day period of observation p urinary methylhistidine excretion correlated with MNC secretion of both il beta p less than and prostaglandin e p less than supporting the concept that these MNC products contribute to the regulation of muscle proteolysis
|
MEDAL
|
the study showed that kappalamdacarrageenan increase nonspecific resistance to impact of escherichia coli lypopolysaccharide lpsinduced endotoxinemia in mice carrageenan was administered i.g. in dose mgkgday during days followed by intraperitoneal injection of lps in dose mgkg carrageenan hampered the involution of thymus hypertrophy of adrenal PG the changes on level of thyroid hormones and corticosterone in SS the activation of glycogenolysis glycolysis and peroxidation of lipids in CL
|
MEDAL
|
local anesthetics la are among the drugs most frequently used for musculoskeletal problems in procedures ranging from diagnosis to postoperative pain control chondrocyte toxicity induced by la is an emerging area of concern the purpose of this study was to determine whether NAC nac an antioxidant will exert cytoprotective effects against chondrocyte death induced by la primary cultured human chondrocytes were used for this study this T0 used control nac la and nacla groups cytotoxicity was induced in the la subgroups and their paired nacla subgroups through exposure to ropivacaine BUP or lidocaine for h the nacla subgroups were exposed to mm nac for h before la exposure these T0 groups were evaluated for rates of cell viability apoptosis CN intracellular ros production and caspase activity cell viability in all la subgroups was significantly lower than in the control group p cell viability in the nacla subgroups was significantly higher than in their paired la subgroups p in the la subgroups rates of apoptosis and CN intracellular ros production and caspase activity were significantly higher than in the control group p ⤠in the nacla subgroups rates of apoptosis and CN intracellular ros production and caspase activity were significantly lower than in their paired la subgroups p ⤠these results indicate that nacetyl cysteine an antioxidant has cytoprotective effects against lainduced toxicity to chondrocytes in vitro © orthopaedic research society published by wiley periodicals inc j orthop res
|
MEDAL
|
the effect of including marine byproduct meals in feeds of laying hens on egg production composition and sensory characteristics was tested marine byproduct meals were prepared using two methods i cooking °c min followed by drying °c hr or ii grinding followed by drying the raw materials used for meal production were scallop or squid viscera shrimp heads or whole mackerel a total of laying hens were allocated to nine diet treatments one control diet corn and soya bean based and eight experimental diets containing of the control feed and of the experimental meal for three weeks daily intake was higher in hens fed the dried mackerel and cooked shrimp meals all the experimental treatments showed significantly higher concentration of n hufa in yolk reserves and phospholipids compared to the control g per g especially those with scallop or squid prepared by both methods g per g scallop squid and shrimp meal inclusion in the feed produced eggs with more astaxanthin mg per g while this carotenoid was absent in the control and mackerel treatments visual evaluation of raw yolk colour increased with the inclusion of marine byproduct meals with higher values in hens fed shrimp heads followed by scallop viscera squid viscera and with similar values for mackerel and control the taste aroma texture and colour of cooked eggs from different treatments were not statically different when evaluated by a panel of UT people these results suggest that meals from marine byproducts are a better alternative for improving egg yolk composition by increasing n hufa when compared to fishmeal as they also increase astaxanthin and yolk pigmentation without affecting egg sensory characteristics
|
MEDAL
|
the pathogenesis and etiology of systemic sclerosis ssc are complex and poorly understood to date several studies have demonstrated that the activation of the immune system undoubtedly plays a pivotal role in ssc pathogenesis G1 immune effector t cells contribute to the release of various proinflammatory cytokines and drive the sscspecific autoantibody responses this and a profibrotic environment are allimportant components of abnormal active immune responses that can lead to pathological disorders of ssc cda is essential to inflammatory and immune responses regulating adhesive and costimulatory interactions between cd t cells and other cells although cda is overexpressed in ssc patients the mechanisms leading to this overexpression and its consequences remain unclear dna methylation a main epigenetic modification plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression and is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases this work aims to investigate the effect of dna demethylation on cda expression in ssc cd t cells and to determine its functional significance cda expression was measured using rtpcr and FC bisulfite sequencing was used to determine the methylation status of the cda RII region cd TA were cocultured with antigenpresenting cells B1 or fibroblasts with and without anticda and proliferation of cd t cells igg production by B1 and expression levels of cola mrna by fibroblasts were evaluated
|
MEDAL
|
in freshwater osmoregulating mollusks cu can cause toxicity by inducing ionoregulatory disturbances in mussels it inhibits the activity of key enzymes involved in na uptake and consequently induces ionic and osmotic disturbances in snails cu induces disruption of the ca homeostasis leading to effects in shell deposition and snail growth however the mechanisms involved in cu toxicity in osmoconforming sweater mollusks remain unclear recent findings from our laboratory have suggested that cu toxicity in marine invertebrates can be associated with both ionic and respiratory disturbances in the present study metabolic changes induced by waterborne cu exposure were evaluated in the osmoconforming clam mesodesma mactroides a bivalve species widely distributed along the south american sandy beaches juvenile clams were kept under control conditions no cu addition in the water or acutely h exposed to cu h lcμgl in ASW ppt atp protein lipid glycogen and glucose contents were analyzed in gills digestive gland pedal muscle and hemolymph dinucleotide nad and nadh content was also analyzed in gills digestive gland and pedal muscle while pyruvate and lactate content was determined in pedal muscle and hemolymph in all tissues analyzed cu exposure did not affect atp content and nadnadh ratio except in the hemolymph where a decrease in atp content was observed these findings indicate that clam cells except those from hemolymph were able to maintain a constant level of free energy a significant increase in total protein content was observed in the digestive gland which could be a compensatory mechanism to counteract the higher level of PO previously observed in m mactroides exposed to cu under the same experimental conditions finally reduced gl content in the pedal muscle paralleled by increased lactate content in the pedal muscle and hemolymph was observed in cuexposed clams overall these findings indicate that cu exposure is leading to an increased reliance upon the anaerobic energy production to maintain the overall cellular atp production in the clam m mactroides
|
MEDAL
|
we report a previously unrecognized prostatespecific protein prlz prostate leucine zipper a new member of the RT protein d tpd family the gene for prlz was localized at chromosome q a locus most frequently amplified in human prostate cancer multiple tissue analyses demonstrated prlz predominantly in the prostate gland although its expression was enhanced by androgens in androgen receptorexpressing cells prlz was detected in all of the human prostate CA cell lines regardless of androgen receptor status monoclonal antiprlz antibodies were produced and intense immunohistochemical staining of prlz was observed in prostate epithelial cells in intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate cancer whereas lowerlevel staining was detected in normal and benign epithelial components of the prostate gland as the only prostatespecific gene identified in the most frequently amplified genomic region in prostate CA prlz may be the link between chromosome q amplification and malignant transformation of the prostate epithelia
|
MEDAL
|
delayed fluorescence dark decays in the time interval from to ms are measured during dark to CS adaptation in whole barley leaves and isolated thylakoid membranes using a disc phosphoroscope the changes in delayed fluorescence features are compared with variable chlorophyll fluorescence simultaneously registered with the same apparatus as well as in parallel by handy pea hansatech instruments ltd and absorbance changes at nm the registered delayed fluorescence signal is a sum of three components submillisecond with lifetime of about ms millisecond decayed ms and slow component with lifetime ms the submillisecond delayed fluorescence component is proposed to be a result of radiative charge recombination in photosystem ii RCs in the state zpqa qb and its lifetime is determined by the rate of electron transfer from qa to qb the millisecond delayed fluorescence component is associated with recombination in zpqa qb centers with a lifetime determined by the sum of the rate constants of electron transfer from the oxygenevolving complex to z and of the exchange between the reduced and Ox PQ pool in the qbsite on the basis of these assumptions and of the different share of the three components in the integral delayed fluorescence during induction an attempt has been made to interpret the changes in the delayed FI during the transition of the photosynthetic apparatus from dark to CS adapted state
|
MEDAL
|
the paper is based on determining the reaction pressure on the diaphragm of a condenser microphone by integrating numerically the frequency domain stokes system describing the velocity and the pressure in the air domain beneath the diaphragm afterwards the membrane MSD can be obtained analytically or numerically the method is GA and can be applied to any geometry of the backplate holes slits and backchamber as examples the method is applied to the bruel kjaer bk inch microphone determining the mechanical sensitivity and the mechanothermal noise for a domain of frequencies and also the displacement field of the membrane for two specified frequencies these elements compare well with the measured values published in the literature also a new design completely micromachined including the backvolume of the bk microelectromechanical systems mem inch measurement microphone is proposed it is shown that its mechanical performances are very similar to those of the bk mems measurement microphone
|
MEDAL
|
TL and lumbosacral spinal segments that receive afferent input from the descending colon and rectum were stained immunocytochemically for cfos and cjunlike proteins following repetitive noxious colorectal distention crd noxious crd mmhg resulted in significantly more cfos and cjunlike immunoreactivity in the sacral DH than in the thoracic dorsal horn in both regions of the spinal cord the increase in cfoslike immunoreactivity was at least twice that of cjunlike immunoreactivity basal levels of cjun but not cfos were observed in the thoracic IML nucleus iml and the sacral parasympathetic nucleus spn noxious crd induced both cfos and cjun in the spn but not the iml
|
MEDAL
|
lactoferrin lf has long been recognized as a member of the transferrin family of proteins and an important regulator of the levels of free iron in the body fluids of mammals its ability to bind ferric iron with high affinity kd approximately m and to retain it to low ph gives the protein bacteriostatic and antioxidant properties this ability can be well understood in terms of its three dimensional d structure the molecule is folded into two homologous lobes n and clobes with each lobe binding a single fe ion in a deep cleft between two domains the iron sites are highly conserved and highly favorable for iron IB iron binding and release are associated with C1 conformational changes in which the protein adopts either open or closed states comparison of available apolactoferrin structures suggests that iron binding is dependent on the dynamics of the open state what triggers PR of the tightly bound iron however and why lactoferrin retains iron to much lower ph than its serum homologue transferrin has been the subject of much speculation comparisons of structural and functional data on lactoferrins and transferrins now suggest that the key factor comes from cooperative interactions between the two lobes of the molecule mediated by two alphahelices
|
MEDAL
|
research shows that problem behaviors manifested early tend to persist into later life problem drinking does not necessarily commit the young adolescent to a life course of this behavior but it does alter the probabilities conversely early abstinence is a strong predictor of later healthful behavior an important observation is that alcohol and other drug use tends to decrease along with smoking decreases young adolescents tend to believe that most of their peers engage in a particular type of SMB whether that is the actual case or not there is a tendency across populations of adolescents to overestimate such behaviors by a factor of six or eight in one T0 school children estimated that about twothirds of their peers smoked while the actual figure was about onetenth adolescents tend to have weak orientation to the future especially in regard to consequences of risktaking behavior collegebound adolescents tend to have a longer view of the future than those who do not pursue college but in general adolescents think it cant happen to me or its so far off that i just cant think about it they are focused on the here and now many youngsters when they think about it have a dismal view of the future they are doubtful about their own ability to influence events in ways that build toward a rewarding lifeabstract truncated at words
|
MEDAL
|
thioridazine unlike most other ERP APDs appears to be only a weak dopamine antagonist in various regions of the BB we decided to test indirectly thioridazines effects on another BB dopaminergic system the tuberoinfundibular tract which regulates prolactin secretion by stimulating hypothalamic secretion of prolactininhibiting factor chlorpromazine and several other phenothiazines have been shown to stimulate prolactin secretion five healthy men ingested mg of chlorpromazine concentrate on one occasion and mg of thioridazine concentrate on another both drugs noticeably stimulated prolactin secretion within two hours it is concluded that thioridazine is a potent dopamine antagonist in the tuberoinfundibular system and it is suggested that this systems regulation of prolactin secretion may provide a useful method for studying AP drug effects in man
|
MEDAL
|
to study the effect of MET in combination with clomiphene citrate as compared with PL plus CC citrate on the ovulation and PRs in CC citrateresistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome
|
MEDAL
|
intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy icp is a pregnancyspecific disorder which is characterized by raised SS bile acid level and potential adverse fetal outcome farnesoid x receptor fxr also known as a bile acid receptor was found to be expressed in placenta with low level whether activation of fxr by specific agonists could regulate the pathogenesis of icp is still unclear
|
MEDAL
|
to study the movement along the gut and the effect upon the GB volume of alcoholic beverages taken in the interdigestive state the study comprised three research blocks attended by healthy subjects each within a given research block volunteers underwent three examination sessions held on separate days being offered an alcoholic beverage or an aqueous ethanol solution of an identical proof or a corresponding volume of isotonic glucose solution the order of administration of the drinks was randomized the beverages tested were beer vol ml red wine vol ml whisky vol ml within the beer wine and whisky research block respectively GMA was examined electrogastrographically GE with ¹³csodium acetate breath test orocaecal transit with lactulose hâ breath test gallbladder emptying with ultrasonography breath ethanol with alcotest the study showed that alcoholic beverages were emptied from the stomach significantly slower than isotonic gl alcoholic beverages produced by fermentation only beer red wine were emptied from the stomach more slowly than ethanol solutions of MZ proof while gastric evacuation of whisky distillation product and matching alcohol solution was similar the slower gastric evacuation of alcoholic beverages and ethanol solutions could not be ascribed to a disorganization of the GMA the orocaecal transit of beer and red wine did not differ from that of isotonic glucose whereas the orocaecal transit of whisky and high proof ethanol was markedly prolonged red wine and whisky and to a similar extent control ethanol solutions caused an inhibition and delay of gallbladder emptying we concluded that alcoholic beverages taken on an empty stomach exert a suppressive effect upon the transport CF of the digestive tract and gallbladder emptying the extent of this action depends on the type of a beverage whether it is obtained from fermentation only or fermentation followed by distillation and ethanol concentration therein
|
MEDAL
|
feline immunodeficiency virus fiv infects many species of cat and is related to hiv causing a similar pathology highthroughput selective hydroxyl acylation analysed by primer extension shape a technique that allows structural interrogation at each nucleotide was used to map the secondary structure of the fiv packaging signal rna previous studies of this rna showed four conserved stemloops extensive longrange interactions lris and a small palindromic SL sl within the gag open reading frame orf that may act as a dimerization initiation site dis enabling the virus to package two copies of its genome our analyses of wildtype wt and mutant rnas suggest that although the four conserved stemloops are static structures the and regions previously shown to form lri also adopt an alternative yet similarly conserved conformation in which the putative dis is occluded and which may thus favour translational and splicing functions over encapsidation shape and in vitro dimerization assays were used to examine sl mutants dimerization contacts appear to be made between palindromic loop sequences in sl as this stemloop is located within the gag orf recognition of a dimeric rna provides a possible mechanism for the TPS packaging of genomic over spliced viral rnas
|
MEDAL
|
in the current study the authors evaluated late neuropsychologic effects years T3 diagnosis and the LTS in a cohort of patients treated for highrisk childhood acute lymphoblastic one all with cranial radiation therapy efficacy and toxicity were evaluated in relation to patient age at diagnosis age or or months
|
MEDAL
|
iron plays an essential role in immunosurveillance because of its growth promoting and differentiation inducing properties for immune cells and its interference with cell mediated immune effector pathways and cytokine activities at the same time iron is crucial for the proliferation of tumour cells and microorganisms due to its role in mitochondrial respiration and dna synthesis thus gaining control over iron homeostasis is of vital importance for the course of an infection or a tumour disease since increased iron availability or iron overload of the immune system are associated with an unfavourable course of many of these diseases the most frequent clinical condition demonstrating this interaction of iron and immunity is anaemia of chronic disease acd acd develops in patients with chronic activation of cellular immunity such as subjects suffering from malignancies autoimmune disorders or infections acd may be seen as an immune driven disease since cytokines and their products cause i a diversion of iron traffic into the reticuloendothelial systems thus limiting the availability of the metal to erythroid progenitor cells for haem biosynthesis ii an inhibition of erythroid progenitor cell proliferation and iii blunted production and activity of erythropoietin epo however acd may also hold some benefit by reducing iron availability to invading pathogens thus limiting their growth and by stimulating cell mediated immune function the latter can be referred to the correction of an inhibitory effect of iron towards ifngamma induced immune effector pathways in macrophages whereas acd can be easily diagnosed based on the characteristic changes of iron homeostasis therapy of acd is much more controversial where a cure of the underlying disease is impossible transfusions for rapid correction of haemoglobin levels and human recombinant epo can be used with varying success the sole application of iron should be strictly avoided due to promotion of pathogen growth and impairment of immune function
|
MEDAL
|
this article presents the problem of evolutionary changes of zoonotic pathogens responsible for human diseases everyone is exposed to the risk of zoonotic infection particularly employees having direct contact with animals ie veterinarians breeders butchers and workers of animal products processing industry the article focuses on pathogens monitored by the european centre for disease prevention and control ecdc which has been collecting statistical data on zoonoses from all EU union countries for years and publishing collected data in annual epidemiological reports currently the most important pathogens responsible for causing human zoonotic diseases are being monitored of which seven are bacteria salmonella spp campylobacter spp listeria monocytogenes mycobacterium bovis brucella spp coxiella burnetti and VTEC vtecshigalike toxin producing e coli stec as particularly important are considered foodborne pathogens the article also includes new emerging zoonotic bacteria which are not currently monitored by ecdc but might pose a serious epidemiological problem in a foreseeable future streptococcus iniae s suis s dysgalactiae and staphylococci staphylococcus intermedius s pseudintermedius those species have just crossed the animalhuman interspecies barrier the exact mechanism of this phenomenon remains unknown it is connected however with genetic R2 capability to survive in changing environment these abilities derive from dna rearrangement and horizontal gene transfer between bacterial cells substantial increase in the number of scientific publications on this subject observed over the last few years illustrates the importance of the problem
|
MEDAL
|
CHB virus infection is the dominant global cause of hepatocellular carcinoma hcc especially hepatitis b virusx hbx plays a major role in this process hbx protein promotes Tc progression inactivates negative growth regulators and binds to and inhibits the expression of p RT suppressor gene and other tumor suppressor genes and senescencerelated AF however the relationship between hbx and autophagy during the hcc OD is poorly known previous studies found that autophagy functions as a survival mechanism in CL CA cells we suggest that autophagy plays a possible role in the pathogenesis of hbxinduced hcc the present T0 showed that hbx transfection brought about an increase in the formation of autophagosomes and autolysosomes microtubuleassociated protein light chain beclin and lysosomeassociated membrane protein a were upregulated after hbx transfection hbxinduced increase in the autophagic level was increased by mtor inhibitor rapamycin and was blocked by treatment with the pikakt inhibitor ly the same results can also be found in hepg cells these results suggest that hbx activates the autophagic lysosome pathway in hepg cells through the pikaktmtor pathway
|
MEDAL
|
a significant increase in the cai response of single t lymphocytes to mitogenic stimulation with phytohemagglutinin is reported for alzheimer patients compared with healthy genration of thymidine in response to igf the subcutaneous administration of rhigf at the single dose of mgkg revealed a half life of igf as short as minutes and her serum igfbp level was extremely low she was treated with rhigf for about years by both subcutaneous injection si before each meal and CSI csi the administration of rhigf at the total daily dose of mgkg sustained serum total igf level within normal range and maintained her growth rate and hbac level within nearly normal ranges therefore the treatment with rhigf was thought to be ERP in lowering PG C2 in the patient because these mutant irs had no dominant negative effects on endogenous igf rs the results suggested that the treatment with a high dose of rhigf by both si and csi is ERP for preventing the postnatal growth retardation and normalizing gl metabolism in patients with genetic form of extremely severe insulin resistant diabetes and that igf deficient state and partial gh resistance such as the impairment of the production of igf and igfbp may contribute to the growth retardation
|
MEDAL
|
this prospective clinical T0 comparing laser trabeculs were related to flexion to extension and to both in of analyzed movements of the pn SN which were related to movements or to both movements and handle holding the NC of the activity occurred before the movement however in most of these cases discharge occurred less than ms earlier than the start of the movement in the remaining onethird of movements neurons discharged after the onset of the movement locations of the SN were histologically verified in the pontine nucleus somewhat similar observations were made of cells located in the nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis nrtp considering that the majority of movementrelated pn and nrtp SN discharged immediately before or even T3 the onset of movement these SN may play a role in the execution of movement at least of a simple movement rather than in the initiation or planning of movement
|
MEDAL
|
highfield asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry faims was used to separate gasphase conformers of bovine ubiquitin produced by electrospray ionization these conformers were sampled by a triple quadrupole MS where energyloss experiments following the work of douglas and coworkers were used to determine their cross sections the measured cross sections for some conformers were readily altered by the voltages applied to the interface ion optics therefore very gentle mass spectrometer interface conditions were required to preserve gasphase conformers separated by faims cross sections for conformers charge states through were measured two conformers for the charge state which were readily separated in faims were found to have similar cross sections based on a method to calibrate the collision gas thickness the cross sections measured using the faimsenergyloss method were compared with literature values determined using drift tube IMS the comparison illustrated that the conformers of bovine ubiquitin that were identified using drift tube ion mobility spectrometry were also observed using the faims device
|
MEDAL
|
one hundred fortyone adolescent male age x sd yr and adolescent female yr athletes were studied to determine the validity of available anthropometric equations for estimating body density bd anthropometric measures were taken of eight skinfolds nine circumferences and four diameters body density determined by underwater weighing corrected for residual lung volume was g x ml for the males and g x ml for the females crossvalidation of selected equations on the males revealed validity coefficients ranging from r and totalerror scores ranging from g x ml among the females crossvalidation of selected equations revealed validity coefficients ranging from r and totalerror scores ranging from g x ml while equations of either linear or quadratic form demonstrated acceptable accuracy in the estimation of male bd values only quadratic equations displayed similar C2 of accuracy among the females based on these results as well as consideration of characteristics related to intertester error and the variance of predicted scores the quadratic equations of jackson and pollock lohman and pollock et al as well as the linear equation of forsyth and sinning were found to be particularly AGA for the estimation of bd in adolescent athletes
|
MEDAL
|
the watersoluble viscoelastic resin polyox wsr a polyethylene oxide of high molecular weight approximately million is introduces as a new slowing agent for protozoa generally as the kinetic viscosity of the resin increased from to wv the swimming velocity of euglena gracilis didnium nasutum paramecium aurelia blepharisma undulans and prorodon platyodon decreased the solution had the highest viscosity and decreased velocity more effectively than methyl cellulose and protoslo solutions the polyox solutions differed from those of MC and protoslo by having in addition to viscous drag an elastic recoil that pulled the protozoa backwards when their swimming efforts stopped the toxicity of these slowing agents was determined using p aureliatest slide preparation paramecium numbers decreased in methyl cellulose and protoslo to nearly zero by hr in polyox not only were most these ciliates alive after hr but many survived for hr and divisions occurred in and solutions
|
MEDAL
|
following successful resuscitation from cardiac arrest ca neurological impairment and other types of organ dysfunction cause significant morbidity and mortalitya condition termed postcardiac arrest syndrome wholebody ischemiareperfusion with oxygen debt activates immunologic and coagulation pathways increasing the risk of MOF and infection we here examined the role of the Th1 cytokine MIF mif in postcardiac arrest syndrome
|
MEDAL
|
the aim of the study was to investigate the role of early multiple organ failure in patients with severe acute one admitted to the intensive care unit for the period from to the group of patients with early progressive multiple organ failure had high early and overall mortality rate infectious complications rate and long intensive ECU stay median days based on the statistical analysis of data the criteria to predicted risk progression of MOF on admission were apache ii score ⥠sofa score ⥠failure organssystems ranson score â¥
|
MEDAL
|
the excitability of the axonal terminals of MS neurons projecting to the DG has been studied in the anesthetized rat under various experimental conditions spontaneous or druginduced variations in neuronal soma discharge rate conditioning stimulation of afferent pathways perforant path commissural pathway FF it has been observed that terminals excitability is inversely correlated to the level of neuronal ongoing activity these effects were observed on virtually all septal neurons projecting to the dentate gyrus since about one half of the septohippocampal neurons are likely to be cholinergic it follows that such a phenomenon is not transmitter TPS
|
MEDAL
|
we previously demonstrated that nonnoxious electrical stimulation of the cutaneous nerve innervating the CL foot modified the excitability of the hoffmann h reflex in the soleus muscle sol in a taskdependent manner during standing and walking in humans to date however it remains unclear how the crossed conditioning effect on the sol hreflex from the contralateral foot is modified during the various phases of walking we sought to answer this question in the present study the sol hreflex was evoked in healthy volunteers by an electrical test stimulation ts of the right ipsilateral PTN at five different phases during TM walking kmh a nonnoxious electrical stimulation was delivered to the superficial peroneal nerve of the left contralateral ankle ms before the ts as a conditioning stimulation cs this cs significantly suppressed the hreflex amplitude during the early stance phase whereas the same cs significantly facilitated the hreflex amplitude during the late stance phase the cs alone did not produce detectable changes in the fullwave rectified electromyogram of the sol this result indicates that presynaptic mechanisms driven by the activation of LT cutaneous afferents in the contralateral foot play a role in regulating the transmission between the ia terminal and MNs in a phasedependent manner the modulation pattern of the crossed conditioning effect on the sol hreflex may be functionally relevant for the leftright coordination of leg movements during bipedal walking
|
MEDAL
|
substantia gelatinosa sg lamina ii is a spinal cord region where most unmyelinated primary afferents terminate and the central nociceptive processing begins the glutamatergic excitatory interneurons eins form the majority of the sg neuron population but little is known about the mechanisms of signal processing in their synapses
|
MEDAL
|
a quantitative electron microscopic T0 of synaptic terminal degeneration was performed in the SO nso after a variety of major transections or ablations destroying or interrupting in different combinations the afferent pathways known from earlier and own LM degeneration studies solutions of a set of equations expressing the percentage degenerations in synaptic profiles T3 different combinations in which the several pathways are interrupted by the various interferences enabled the authors to give the following percentage numbers for afferent synapses from different sources of supraoptic afferents originate from the BS probably representing the MA innervation of this nucleus the medial basal hypothalamus amygdala SP hippocampus and olfactory tubercle and further rostral cortical region are the other main CS of origin of supraoptic nucleus afferents there are no supraoptic afferents from the optic nerve SCG or fimbria hippocampi
|
MEDAL
|
l is expressed in all AD cerebellar purkinje cells although during OD it appears in a stereotyped spatial and temporal pattern that is manifested as parasagittal domains of neurons mutations of the l promoter in transgenic mice have established that these domains represent PET compartments of purkinje neurons therefore it is hoped that by defining the transcriptional control of the l gene insights into the mechanisms that control PET fate and organization in the nervous system can be gained fragments of the l promoter were introduced into a selectable reporter gene in saccharomyces cerevisiae and these strains were used to select for cerebellar cdnas encoding proteins that can bind to and activate transcription from these elements this CA identified the cmaf protooncogene as activating transcription from two sites in the l promoter we did a PET domain analysis of vertebrate cmaf based upon transcriptional activation in s cerevisiae and showed the requirement for a transactivation domain leucine zipper and dnabinding region in cmaf the cmaf interaction site was mapped to the sequence gtggcngtnct cagnn in the l promoter which represents an atypical otetradecanoateacetateresponsive elementtype mafresponsive element however neither fos nor jun either alone or in combination with each other or cmaf altered transcription from this element in contrast a mafrelated protein nrl completely mimicked cmaf actions these data suggest that maf may interact with additional basiczipper proteins that determine a AT1 of mafresponsive CREB
|
MEDAL
|
medulloblastoma is the most common malignant BB RT of childhood and represents a significant clinical challenge in pediatric oncology since overall survival currently remains under patients with PT overexpressing myc or harboring a myc oncogene amplification have an extremely poor prognosis pharmacologically inhibiting myc expression may thus have clinical utility given its pathogenetic role in medulloblastoma recent studies using the selective small molecule bet inhibitor jq have identified bet bromodomain proteins especially brd as epigenetic RII factors for myc and its targets targeting myc expression by bet inhibition resulted in antitumoral effects in various cancers our aim here was to evaluate the tau of jq against preclinical models for highrisk mycdriven MB treatment of medulloblastoma cell lines with jq significantly reduced cell proliferation and preferentially induced apoptosis in cells expressing high C2 of myc jq treatment of medulloblastoma cell lines downregulated myc expression and resulted in a transcriptional deregulation of myc targets and also significantly altered expression of genes involved in Tc progression and p signalling jq treatment prolonged the survival of mice harboring medulloblastoma xenografts and reduced the tumor burden in these mice our preclinical data provide evidence to pursue testing bet inhibitors such as jq as molecular targeted therapeutic options for patients with highrisk medulloblastomas overexpressing myc or harboring myc amplifications
|
MEDAL
|
the structure of Lp isolated from hemolymph of the colorado potato beetle was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry dsc and smallangle xray scattering the dsc heating curves of intact Lp showed endothermic peaks that were similar to peaks obtained with the hydrocarbon fraction isolated from this Lp the observed peaks correlated with the transition of the hydrocarbons from an ordered into a more disordered state changes in structure of the lipophorin particles with increasing temperature were also observed by smallangle xray scattering studies the structural organization of Lp was further elucidated by simulation analysis using a threelayered symmetrical sphere as a MM these studies revealed that lipophorin from the colorado potato beetle is a sphere with a maximum diameter of a the sphere is composed of three radially symmetrical layers of different electron densities the outer layer a in thickness is composed of phospholipid apolipophorin i and part of apolipophorin ii the middle layer a contains diacylglycerol the rest of apolipophorin ii and probably betacarotene the core of the particle a only contains hydrocarbons this structure differs from another model previously proposed for cockroach and locust lipophorins katagiri c sato m tanaka n j biol chem in the small size of the middle layer the volume of the middle layer correlated well with the low diacylglycerol content of this lipophorin
|
MEDAL
|
schizophrenia has a complex DP of inheritance indicative of interactions among multiple genes and environmental AF the PCD and replication of specific susceptibility loci for such complex disorders are facilitated by the availability of large samples of affected sib pairs and their nuclear families along with standardized assessment and systematic ascertainment procedures the nimh genetics initiative on schizophrenia a multisite collaborative study was established as a national resource with a centralized clinical data base and cell repository the millennium schizophrenia consortium has completed a genomewide scan to detect susceptibility loci for schizophrenia in individuals from the nuclear families of independent pairs of schizophrenic sibs ascertained by the nimh genetics initiative the marker loci used in the scan were spaced at cm intervals on average individuals of african descent were higher than those of european descent in their average heterozygosity vs p and number of alleles per marker vs p also the allele frequencies of of the marker loci differed significantly p between individuals of EU and african ancestry however regardless of ethnic BG this sample was largely comprised of schizophrenics with more than a decade of psychosis associated with pervasive social and occupational impairment
|
MEDAL
|
decannulation of a tracheostomy generally results in spontaneous closure occasionally epithelialization results in persistence of the fistula which may be initially treated by local curettage or cautery failure of these methods constitutes an indication for surgical closure dissection of the entire tracheocutaneous tract permits fistula closure in juxtaposition to but outside the trachea and prevents any iatrogenic airway narrowing twelve patients have been so managed over the last years and there have been no immediate or LT complications
|
MEDAL
|
this thesis is based on seven previously published articles the work was performed during my employment at the department of infectious diseases COP university hospital hvidovre as a scholarship student from and as a research assistant in the period hivinfection is characterized by cd cell SD the differences between patients in the degree of cd cell recovery upon treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy haart may in part be due to differences in the supply of naïve cd cells from the thymus the thymus atrophies with increasing age for which reason the AD thymus was previously assumed to be without CF the aim of these investigations was to examine the role of the thymus in different aspects of hivinfection in AD hivinfected patients during hivpositive pregnancy and in hivexposed uninfected hiveu children born to hivinfected mothers thymic size and output were determined in AD hivinfected patients receiving haart and in controls larger thymic size was associated with higher cd counts and higher thymic SO furthermore patients with abundant thymic tissue seemed to have broader immunological repertoires compared with patients with minimal thymic tissue the study supports the mounting evidence of a contribution by the AD thymus to immune reconstitution in hivinfection in a followup study conducted till years of haart the importance of the thymus to the rate of cellular restoration was found to primarily lie within the first two years of haart the effect of recombinant human growth hormone rhgh was then investigated in a randomized doubleblinded PL controlled trial in adult hivinfected patients on haart daily treatment with a low dose of rhgh of mg for weeks stimulated thymopoiesis as expressed by thymic size density and SO strongly supporting the assumption that rhgh possesses the potential to stimulate the ageing thymus holding promise as a future means to complete cd restoration and renew the tcr repertoire in patients who respond insufficiently to haart apart from naïve TA regulatory TA tregs are developed in the thymus tregs play a critical role in IP tolerance and suppress inappropriate immune activation such as induced by hiv we studied C2 of tregs in AD hivinfected patients with known thymic SO our studies demonstrate increased levels of tregs in hivinfected patients despite LT treatment with haart suppressed viral loads and normalized cd counts and immune activation suggesting that tregs expand irreversibly in hivinfection independently of viral load cd depletion or level of immune activation our data further suggest that elevated levels of tregs in HIV+ adults may in part be due to increased thymic production of naive tregs during pregnancy establishing fetalmaternal tolerance is essential to pregnancy success in a prospective study on hivpositive and HIV- Pr women we found alterations in thymic output and treg levels in HIV- pregnant women compatible with such an establishment HIV+ women however displayed different immunological profiles from hivnegative women and this immune unbalance may interfere with the prevention of fetal rejection and may partly explain the increased risk of abortion in HIV+ women we finally examined thymic CF in hiveu children at months of age the thymus was reduced in size in hiveu children compared with children born to hivnegative mothered from an adequately chosen set of d projections alleviating the numerical effort for the interpretation of vmimages considerably the obtained results produce directly the coefficients of the involved spherical functions making the reconstruction of sliced newton spheres obsolete
|
MEDAL
|
in a previous study rodman et al we found that many neurons in the middle temporal area mt of the macaque monkey remain visually responsive and directionally selective T3 striate cortex lesions or cooling in the present T0 we examined the effects of superior colliculus sc lesions and combined lesions of striate SC and the sc on the visual properties of mt SN removal of the sc CT had no effect on the proportion of visually responsive cells strength of direction selectivity and direction tuning orientation tuning receptive field size or binocularity in mt there was however a slight increase in response strength to both stationary and moving slit stimuli in contrast to the minor effects of sc lesions alone addition of an sc lesion to striate cortex damage abolished all visual responsiveness in area mt the results indicate that pathways damaged by and patients with extensive lesions have a higher mortality rate surviving patients completely heal in to weeks but up to will have residual potentially disabling ocular lesions the prognosis is improved by adequate therapy as provided in burn units that is aggressive fluid replacement NS and a coherent antibacterial policy CSs advocated by some in high doses to halt the hypersensitivity process have been shown in several studies to be detrimental and should be avoided
|
MEDAL
|
exposure of rat cortical SN to the HIV-1 hiv CP gp in vitro causes a rise in the intracellular ca level and a subsequent translocation of protein kinase c pkc from the cytosol to the membrane such a translocation persists for at least h but only in cultures with media not depleted of endogenous glutamate enzymatic degradation of glutamate in the medium by the enzyme glutamatepyruvate transaminase gpt abolishes the longlasting effect of gp on the association state of pkc under this incubation condition the translocation period is h memantine and the ganglioside gm prevent nmethyl daspartate receptormediated longterm translocation of pkc and gpmediated neurotoxicity in the absence of gpt they have no effect on shortterm translocation of pkc we suggest that gpcaused neuronal death involves an indirect sensitization step of the nmda receptors which ultimately induces neuronal death
|
MEDAL
|
the behavior of listeria monocytogenes in pasteurized milk during fermentation with starter and nonstarter lactic acid bacteria was investigated pasteurized milk was coinoculated with approximately cfuml of l monocytogenes and cfuml of lactococcus lactis lactococcus cremoris lactobacillus plantarum lactobacillus bulgaricus or streptococcus thermophilus inoculated milks were incubated at degrees c or degrees c for to h LM survived and also grew to some extent during incubation in the presence of all starter cultures however inhibition ranged from to based on maximum cell populations during incubation with l bulgaricus and l plantarum l monocytogenes was completely inactivated after h and h of incubation at degrees c and degrees c respectively the ph of the fermenting milks declined steadily throughout the fermentation periods and was approximately at the conclusion of the experimental period regardless both of the starter SC and pathogen combination or the temperature of incubation
|
MEDAL
|
monoterpene cyclization reactions are initiated by ionization and isomerization of GPP and proceed via cyclization of bound linalyl diphosphate through a series of carbocation intermediates with ultimate termination of the multistep cascade by deprotonation or nucleophile capture three structurally and mechanistically related monoterpene cyclases from salvia officinalis sabinene synthase deprotonation to olefin cineole synthase water capture and bornyl diphosphate synthase diphosphate capture were employed to explore the structural determinants of these alternative termination chemistries results with chimeric recombinant enzymes constructed by reciprocally substituting regions of sabinene synthase with the corresponding sequences from bornyl diphosphate synthase or cineole synthase demonstrated that exchange of the cterminal catalytic domain is sufficient to CR switch the resulting product profile exchange of smaller sequence elements identified a region of roughly residues from cineole synthase that when substituted into sabinene synthase conferred the ability to produce cineole a similar strategy identified a small region of bornyl diphosphate synthase important in conducting the antimarkovnikov addition to the bornane skeleton observations made with these chimeric monoterpene cyclases are discussed in the context of the recently determined crystal structure for bornyl diphosphate synthase
|
MEDAL
|
the present T0 explores the role of betaendorphinproducing SN of the arcuate nucleus in the behavioral effects of cocaine ie acquisition of cocaine selfadministration eightweekold female rats were treated with a single EV i.t. that causes a progressive lesion that is specific to betaendorphinproducing neurons throughout the arcuate nucleus cocaine acquisition was suppressed following EV pretreatment while water reinforced behavior was similar to controls since estradiol valerate treated rats exhibit low estrogen plasma C2 estrogen replacement was performed but cocaine selfadministration acquisition remained suppressed in addition analysis of betaendorphin dopamine and dopac tissue C2 confirmed the specificity of the endorphinic lesion resulting from estradiol valerate treatment the suppression of cocaine selfadministration acquisition following EV treatment provides evidence for a significant role for betaendorphin in cocaine reward
|
MEDAL
|
for pulmonary applications of IMP tomography eit systems the electrodes are placed around the chest in a d ring and the images are reconstructed based on the assumptions that the object is rigid and the measured resistivity NC in eit images is only caused by the actual resistivity change of tissue structural changes are rarely considered previous studies have shown that structural changes which result in tissueorgan and electrode position changes tend to introduce artefacts to eit images of the thorax since eit reconstruction is an illposed inverse problem any small inaccurate assumptions of object may cause large artefacts in reconstructed images accurate information on structureelectrode position changes is a need to understand factors contributing to the measured resistivity changes and to improve eit reconstruction algorithm our previous study using mri technique showed that chest expansion leads to electrode and tissueorgan movements but not significant as proposed the accuracy of the measurements by mri may be limited by its relatively low temporal and spatial resolution in this T0 structureelectrode position changes during QO2 cycle in patients who underwent chest ct scans are further investigated for each patient sixteen fiduciary markers are equally spaced around the surface the same as the electrode placement for eit measurements a ct scanner with respirationgated ability is used to acquire images of the thorax ct thoracic images are retrospectively reconstructed corresponding temporally to specific time periods within QO2 cycle from to every the average chest expansions are mm in anteriorposterior and mm in lateral directions inside tissueorgan move down ± mm with inspiration of tidal volume ± liters ranging from mm to mm during normal quiet respiration electrode position changes are smaller than expected no GA patterns of electrode position changes are observed the results in this T0 provide guidelines for accommodating the motion that may introduce artefacts to eit images
|
MEDAL
|
we have generated mouse transgenic lineages for cg tgcg and cgδcat tgcgδcat cg mutant lacking the gef domain where the transgenes are expressed under the control of the megakaryocyte and PLT specific pf platelet factor gene promoter transgenic PLT activity has been analyzed through in vivo and in vitro approaches including BT aggregation assays and flow cytometry both transgenes are expressed rna and protein in purified platelets and megakaryocytes and do not modify the number of platelets in peripheral blood transgenic cg animals showed one times significantly shorter than control animals while tgcgδcat mice presented a remarkable bleeding diathesis as compared to their control siblings accordingly platelets from tgcg mice showed stronger activation in response to platelet agonists such as thrombin pma adp or collagen than control platelets while those from tgcgδcat animals had a lower response in addition we present data indicating that cg is a mediator in the pkc pathway leading to rap activation remarkably a significant percentage of tgcg mice presented a higher level of neutrophils than their control siblings these results indicate that cg plays an important role in platelet clotting through a mechanism involving its gef activity and suggest that it might be also involved in neutrophil OD
|
MEDAL
|
a large number of neuroanatomical neurophysiologic and neurochemical mechanisms are thought to contribute to the development and maintenance of NP np as a result a corresponding wide range of treatments have been employed to treat patients with np including antiepileptic drugs opioid analgesics TCAs selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors serotoninnorepinephrine reuptake inhibitors nmethyldaspartate IL-1ra cholecystokinin receptor antagonists adenosine lipoic acid CBs isosorbide dinitrate dronabinol capsaicin protein kinase c inhibitors ARIs and vr receptor modulators many of these compounds are limited by marginal tau and clinically significant adverse events few have been evaluated in wellcontrolled largescale clinical trials at present the only agents approved for the treatment of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy and postherpetic neuralgia are lidocaine patches duloxetine GBP and pregabalin of these only pregabalin is indicated for both conditions
|
MEDAL
|
rectal EUS reus was performed using an olympus eum ultrasound fiberscope in children with EHPVO median age of range years and in eight control subjects median age of range rectal varices tortuous or nodular distended veins seen beneath the mucosa and portal hypertensive rectopathy were diagnosed endoscopically at rectal endosonography rectal varices were seen as rounded oval or longitudinal echofree structures in the submucosa perirectal veins outside the rectal wall were also seen in reus portal hypertensive rectopathy was endoscopically observed in nine patients rectal varices were detected by endoscopy in nine and by endosonographic examination in patients with extrahepatic portal venous obstruction the number range and size range mm of submucosal veins seen on endosonography in patients were greater than in controls range and range mm p for both the size of perirectal veins was greater in patients than in controls range mm versus range mm p communicating veins between the submucosal and perirectal veins were seen in nine patients rectal EUS was superior to endoscopy in detecting the presence of rectal varices versus p our T0 suggests that endosonography is useful in detecting changes in the rectal and perirectal vasculature in patients with extrahepatic portal venous one
|
MEDAL
|
secretion of milk lipid globules is achieved through encapsulation of triacylglycerolrich lipid droplets in a specialized region of apical BPM of MECs a class of low molecular mass gtpbinding proteins were associated tightly with the lipid globule membrane and these proteins appeared to change from peripheral to IMPs during intracellular growth and transit of lipid globule precursors inclusion of gtp or gtp gamma s in incubation medium stimulated secretion of lipids from primary cultures of permeabilized rat MECs six polypeptides with molecular masses between and kda were detected by ability to bind gtp gamma s following separation of lipidglobuleassociated proteins by sdspage and transblotting onto nitrocellulose that all of these polypeptides were distinct immunologically from the archetype ras was evident from lack of immunoreactivity with p ras gprotein monoclonal antibody in western blots this monoclonal antibody bound to a kda polypeptide of lipid droplets that was not detected with the gtp gamma s IB assay a kda component of milk lipid globules was a potent ATP for adpribosylation by botulinum toxin c but cholera toxin was much less effective suggesting that this component may belong to the rac class of gproteins the kda component was related immunologically to adp ribosylation factor
|
MEDAL
|
the mechanisms by which zinc is transported into cells has not been identified since zinc uptake is inhibited by reducing the temperature zinc uptake may depend on the movement of BPM micoenvironments such as endocytosis or potocytosis we investigated the potential role of potocytosis in cellular zinc uptake by incubating normal and AE fibroblasts with NYS a sterolbinding drug previously shown to inhibit potocytosis zinc uptake was determined during initial rates of uptake min following incubation of the fibroblasts in micrograms nystatinml or dimethylsulfoxide for min at degrees c the cells were then incubated with to microm zinc michaelismenten kinetics were observed for zinc uptake nystatin inhibited zinc uptake in both the normal and ae fibroblasts reduced cellular uptake of zinc was associated with its internalization not its external IB in NF NYS significantly reduced the km and the vmax in the ae fibroblasts NYS treatment significantly reduced the vmax but did not significantly affect the km the ae mutation alone affected the vmax for cellular zinc uptake the control ae fibroblasts exhibited a reduction in vmax compared to control normal fibroblasts we conclude that nystatin exerts its effect on zinc uptake by reducing the velocity at which zinc traverses the cell membrane possibly through potocytosis furthermore the ae mutation also affects zinc transport by reducing zinc transport
|
MEDAL
|
we examined the production of relative clauses in sentences with a complex noun phrase containing two possible attachment CS for the relative clause eg someone shot the servant of the actress who was on the balcony on the basis of two corpus analyses and two sentence continuation tasks we conclude that much research about this TPS syntactic ambiguity has used complex noun phrases that are quite uncommon these noun phrases involve the relationship between two humans and at least in dutch induce a different attachment preference from noun phrases referring to nonhuman entities we provide evidence that the use of this type of complex NP may have distorted the conclusions about the processes underlying relative clause attachment in addition it is shown that notwithstanding some notable differences between sentence production in the continuation task and in coherent text writing there seems to be a remarkable correspondence between the attachment patterns obtained with both modes of producd treat the protein as an elastic object the shape and mass distribution of the object are described by the electron density maps at various resolutions from methods such as xray diffraction or cryoelectron microscopy the amplitudes and directionality of the elastic deformational modes of a protein whose patterns match the biologically relevant conformational changes can then be derived solely based on the electron density map the method yields an accurate description of protein dynamics over a wide range of resolutions even as low as a at which there is nearly no visually distinguishable internal structures therefore this method dramatically enhances the capability of studying protein motions in structural biology it is also expected to have ample applications in related fields such as bioinformatics structural genomics and proteomics in which ones ability to extract functional information from the notsowelldefined structural models is vitally important
|
MEDAL
|
the purpose of the study was to compare electrical stimulation es and cervical magnetic stimulation cms of the phrenic SN for the measurement of the diaphragm compound muscle action potential cmap and phrenic nerve conduction time a specially designed esophageal catheter with three pairs of electrodes was used with control of electrode positioning in normal subjects pair a and pair b were close to the diaphragm pair a lower than pair b pair c was positioned cm above the diaphragm to detect the electromyogram from extradiaphragmatic muscles electromyograms were also recorded from upper and lower CW surface electrodes the shape of the cmap measured with cms cmscmap usually differed from that of the cmap measured with es escmap moreover the latency of the cmscmap from pair b ms was significantly shorter than that from pair a ms the amplitude of the cmscmap mv was much higher than that of escmap mv when recorded from pair c goodquality cmscmaps could be recorded in some subjects from an electrode positioned very low in the esophagus the differences between escmap and cmscmap recorded either from esophageal or chest wall electrodes make cms unreliable for the measurement of phrenic nerve conduction time
|
MEDAL
|
the authors have examined the compliance of asthmatic patients receiving slowrelease aminophylline and the relationship between the serum theophylline concentrations and lung function the effect of meals on the serum concentrations of theophylline was also studied twentynine patients were analyzed when the SS drug concentration was measured in a blood sample obtained without prior announcement of patients were found to have the concentration of theophylline lower than the therapeutic one when the concentration was measured in a blood sample obtained announced of patients had therapeutic concentrations a statistically significant difference p less than in the concentrations of theophylline between the blood samples obtained unannounced and announced was found there was no correlation between the concentrations of theophylline and pefr neither in the blood sample obtained unannounced r nor in that obtained announced r the theophylline concentrations were higher when the drug was ingested before the meal means mumoll whereas they were lower when it was ingested after the meal means mumoll thus in hypodosed patients who ingest medicine after the meal the serum theophylline concentrations might be elevated by taking therapy before the meal
|
MEDAL
|
prior to the onset of immunodeficiency disease neurochemical and neuropathological events associated with motor andor cognitive impairment can be identified in Rh monkeys INF with simian immunodeficiency virus siv these are astrocytosis upregulation of mrna encoding the neuropeptide somatostatin srif and an increased expression of mhc class ii antigen endstage MAIDS has been associated with robust viral expression in the cns frequently observed as multinucleated giant cell formation siv encephalitis has not been observed in animals whose only clinical signs of siv disease were motor andor cognitive impairment these data suggest that neuronal dysfunction discernable as altered NPY expression in cortical neurons precedes frank structural damage to the cns in siv encephalopathy this model is consistent with the mechanism of neuropathogenesis in human hiv encephalopathy that can be partially inferred from neurochemical and neuropathological examination of autopsy material in hiv disease
|
MEDAL
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.