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the north central cancer TG ncctg and mayo clinic are collaborating in an ongoing prospective randomized clinical trial of new approaches to the chemotherapy of T3 metastatic colorectal cancer single agent fluorouracil fura given by intensivecourse rapid i.v. serves as a control included among the experimental treatments are two regimens consisting of fura plus leucovorin folinic acid one of these regimens uses folinic acid at a dose level of mgm daily for days based on earlier studies by machover et al the second regimen uses folinic acid at the dose level mgm daily for days since this lower dose of folinic acid has been shown to produce peak SS C2 equivalent to the concentration of CF required in culture medium to produce optimal inhibition of l cells by fura in vitro and because of the great expense of CF when given at the higher DLs as of january patients had been randomized to receive treatment with fura CT or one of the furafolinic acid regimens the toxicity of the folinic acid regimens has been clinically tolerable with stomatitis and to a lesser extent diarrhea being doselimiting hematologic toxicity has been very mild there is suggestive evidence that folinic acid given at the higher dose level in combination with fura at a constant dose produces more severe effects on the OP mucosa preliminary tumor response and survival data remain blinded in accordance with ncctg policy further patient accrual and followup are required to assess the therapeutic effect of these folinic acid regimens compared to fura given CT
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the purpose of this study was to use rhythmic AEP stimulation ras for children with spastic CP cp in a clinical setting in order to determine its effectiveness in gait training for ambulation ras has been shown to improve gait performance in patients with significant gait deficits all participants to years old had spastic cp and were ambulatory but needed to stabilize and gain more coordinated movement participants were placed in three CG the control group the therapistguided training tgt group and the selfguided training sgt group the tgt group showed a statistically significant difference in stride length velocity and symmetry the analysis of the results in sgt group suggests that the selfguided training might not be as ERP as therapistguided depending on motivation level the results of this study support three conclusions a ras does influence gait performance of people with cp b individual characteristics such as cognitive functioning support of parents and physical ability play an important role in designing a training application the effectiveness of ras and expected benefits from the training and c velocity and SL can be improved by enhancing balance trajectory and kinematic stability without increasing cadence
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the aim of this T0 was to determine the susceptibility of candida isolates obtained from patients with candidaassociated denture stomatitis to antimycotics antifungal susceptibility was assayed using the atbfungusint test a total of candida strains were identified c albicans c glabrata c tropicalis and c parapsilosis amphotericin b fluorocytosine fluconazole and itraconazole were ERP against and of c albicans and and of the other candida strains respectively the ID of candidal strains and determination of their susceptibility to antifungals may improve the management of candidaassociated denture stomatitis
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in a sample of sexually AS college females condom use as an indirect measure of the presence of semen in the reproductive tract was related to scores on the beck depression inventory not only were females who were having sex without condoms less depressed but depressive PS and suicide attempts among females who used condoms were proportional to the consistency of condom use for females who did not use condoms depression scores went up as the amount of time since their last sexual encounter increased these data are consistent with the possibility that semen may antagonize depressive PS and evidence which shows that the vagina absorbs a number of components of semen that can be detected in the bloodstream within a few hours of administration
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idiopathic systemic capillary leak syndrome clarksons disease is characterized by recurring attacks or increased capillary permeability resulting in severe hypovolemic shock due to plasma extravasation from the intravascular compartment additional laboratory features include association with a monoclonal gammopathy extreme hemoconcentration and hypoalbuminemia the underlying cause is not known and there have been fewer than cases reported it affects people aged years and has a high mortality with only six of patients surviving fuction showing that the nfkappab pathway was partly involved in the signaling of cdl leading to vegf production collectively these results suggest that the interaction between cd on synovial fibroblasts and cdl expressed on G1 t lymphocytes may be directly involved in the neovascularization in RA synovitis by enhancing the production of vegf
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outcome of patients with primary refractoryrelapsed rr AML leukemia aml remains dismal herein we present a retrospective monocentric T0 of very highrisk aml patients who received a combination of fractionated GO go with intermediatedose cytarabine and daunorubicin as salvage therapy median age was years diagnostic was secondary aml for of them seven patients had favorable risk had intermediate or intermediate and had unfavorable risk of aml according to the EU leukemianet prognostic index pCR was achieved in of cases in refractory and in relapsed aml without excessive toxicity thirteen patients could be referred for SPK only allogeneic HSCT provided a benefit in this patient cohort with a year overall survival of versus in the absence of transplantation patients treated with reduced intensity conditioning ric showed a longer survival as compared to those undergoing myeloablative conditioning regimen mainly because of decreased toxicityour data suggest that salvage therapy with fractionated go combined with intermediatedose Ara-C and daunorubicin in very highrisk patients may serve as a potential bridge therapy to ric transplant
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we analyzed the evolution of the healthrelated quality of life during the first year after HR transplantation ht a prospective longitudinal study was performed in heart Tx who were assessed at four different stages at inclusion on the ht WL and at and months T3 receiving the VG the instruments used were a structured interview and the item shortform health survey the results showed that compared with preht there was progressive improvement in PCS psychologic and social Az postht and that healthrelated quality of life was SD months T3 receipt of the graft
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data from transcervical cvs cases performed on singleton pregnancies were reviewed retrospectively and villus sample size was correlated with cytogenetic results placental location maternal age at the expected date of confinement edc gestational age at the time of sampling birth weight gestational age at the time of delivery and pregnancy outcome no rho was noted between villus sample size and maternal age gestational age at sampling gestational age at delivery birth weight or pregnancy outcome an inverse correlation between villus sample size and percentage of abnormal cytogenetic findings was statistically significant chi p the percentage of small samples was greater when the placenta was anterior lateral or fundal than when the placenta was posterior
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gender differences in hemispheric asymmetry for language functioning have been reported in the NP literature despite numerous reports of anatomic asymmetries in corresponding cortical regions the possibility of gender dimorphism in the putative neuroanatomical substrate of language has not been systematically examined in vivo we assessed asymmetry of the PT pt a supratemporal region of AEP association SC in normal righthanded females and agematched RH males with the aid of mri surfacerendering morphometry BL Az were also assessed for heschls gyrus hg a supratemporal region of primary auditory cortex where no asymmetry was anticipated we found a significant interaction between gender and hemisphere for the pt with males having significantly larger left versus RA pts leftright differences in pt area were not significant among females of males showed leftward lateralization of the pt vs of females no main effect of gender was found for total left right pt area and no asymmetries or gender effects were detected for hg this finding of gender dimorphism in pt area is consistent with evidence for reduced asymmetry among females in the lateralization of language functions attributable to the supratemporal SC the implications for theories about interactions between sex hormones and the development of BB asymmetries are discussed
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a german HD hl T0 group designed the beacopp bleomycin etoposide doxorubicin cyclophosphamide vincristine procarbazine prednisolone regimen in the beacopp regimen treatment intervals were shortened and the doseintensity was increased compared with those in the abvd regimen doxorubicin bleomycin vinblastine and darcarbacine resulting in a longterm diseasefree survival rate of approximately in the present T0 we evaluated the safety and efficacy of the beacopp regimen between april and february patients with hl of stage iib or higher who had received no previous treatment were enrolled the patients were aged years median years the histologic types were mixed cellularity in four cases and nodular sclerosis in cases the stages were stage iib in four cases stage iii in cases and stage iv in four cases nineteen of the patients achieved pCR the year survival rate was and the year progressionfree survival rate was adverse drug reactions were grade neutropenia in patients grade TP in seven patients and grade or higher nonhematologic toxicities in two patients stomatitis in one patient and altast elevation in one patient the beacopp regimen for advancedstage hl showed an excellent CR and high tau even in stage iiiiv patients however a longterm risk of the beacopp regimen is the OD of secondary leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome therefore LT followup of these patients including monitoring for toxicities is necessary
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strongyloides stercoralis infections may be documented in lowendemicity areas particularly in immigrants from endemic areas the case of a patient from bangladesh an immigrant to italy who developed a s stercoralis infection after allogeneic stem cell transplant is described and further cases are reviewed because of the atypical clinical presentation the low predictive role of the eosinophil count and the low sensitivity of the microbiological tests diagnosis of strongyloidiasis is a challenging problem when a case of s stercoralis infection is suspected previous exposure may be the only clue to guide the diagnostic approach
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the validity and reproducibility of psychiatric diagnosis are crucial to psychiatric research to establish confidence in assigning schizotypal features three paradigms estimating the reliability of a new instrument the schedule for schizotypal personalities ssp were tested the first paradigm considered joint but independent evaluations made by two raters simultaneously the second paradigm assessed evaluations on different occasions with a mean interim time of months testretest procedure both reliability paradigms demonstrated high C2 of PA for all of the scaled items ninety percent of the ICCs were or better for the joint evaluations and were or better for the testretest DUE the third paradigm measured the reliability of dsmiii schizotypal personality disorder the kappa value for measuring diagnostic agreement was the authors recommend the use of the ssp as an interview schedule and discuss the implications of their findings for genetic and biological research of schizophrenia spectrum disorders
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squamouscell lung CA is one of the most prevalent subtypes of LC worldwide and its pathogenesis is closely linked with tobacco exposure unfortunately squamouscell lung CA patients do not benefit from L1 advances in the OD of targeted therapeutics such as epidermal growth factor receptor egfr inhibitors or anaplastic lymphoma kinase alk inhibitors that show exquisite activity in lung adenocarcinomas with egfr mutations or echinoderm microtubule associated protein like emlalk fusions respectively major efforts have been launched to characterize the genomes of squamouscell lung cancers among the new results emanating from these efforts are amplifications of the FB growth factor receptor gene and mutations of the discoidin domain receptor gene as potential novel targets for the treatment of squamouscell LC patients here we provide a review on these discoveries and their implications for PCTs in squamouscell LC assessing the value of novel therapeutics addressing these targets
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capillary zone electrophoresis was developed to analyze lowmolecularmass organic acids including oxalic tartaric formic malic citric succinic glutaric acetic and LA the influences of some crucial parameters such as buffer concentration ph value SF concentration and separation temperature on electrophoretic separation were investigated under the conditions of mm DHP containing mm tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide as the run buffer ph separation voltage kv vcm and temperature degrees c a satisfactory separation of nine organic acids was accomplished within min the LOD sn ranged from to microgml and the quantification limits ranged from to microgml for electrokinetic injection the method was successfully applied to analyze organic acids in different parts of var splendens an edible vegetable in china the recoveries of organic acids in real samples ranged from to
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emergency contraception is a postcoital contraceptive for women who have had unprotected intercourse or have reason to believe that their contraceptive method has failed the article focuses mainly on emergency contraceptive pills ecps because they are the most frequently used form of postcoital contraception in the fda approved the offlabel use of high dose of oral contraceptives for use as postcoital contraception since then they have been approved for repackaging and marketed solely for use as postcoital emergency contraception the first dose of ecps must be po within hours of the act of unprotected intercourse the second dose is taken hours later ecps are believed to work in one of three ways depending on where the woman is in her MC when she seeks treatment it can delay or prevent ovulation impair formation of the corpus luteum or cause histological or biochemical changes within the endometrium thus preventing implantation their effectiveness is approximately being most effective when po as quickly as possible T3 the act of unprotected intercourse the pills can cause NV so the preadministration of an antiemetic may help alleviate these PS a L1 issue concerning the ecps is the lack of knowledge and availability very few healthcare providers discuss ecps with their patients most people cited the media as the primary source of information the hour window in which the ecps must be administered makes it important for women to have easy access to these postcoital contraceptives however women who seek treatment will often find that their healthcare provider will require a physical exam andor a pregnancy test before writing a prescription yet studies show that ecps do not affect an implanted fetus and there are no emergency contraceptive protocols that require pregnancy tests or PCS exams prior to treatment the ama is encouraging physicians to better educate their patients about emergency contraceptives several healthcare organizations are encouraging providers to supply women with an advance prescription for ecps so that they will have immediate access to them especially since most acts of unprotected intercourse occur at night or on weekends when most clinics are closed there is a possibility that ecps might be available overthecounter for women to have better access to the emergency contraceptive pills
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blood clotting parameters were measured in six patients with gynecologic tumors following iv administration of acetic acidtreated salmonella minnesota r re which has been previously demonstrated to enhance impaired immune functions in the same patients although these bacteria possess a more exposed lipid a at their surface which has the potential to stimulate the coagulative cascade no evidence of plasma hypercoagulative state was detected in fact procoagulant activity generated by patients mononuclear cells T3 salmonella treatment was not significantly higher than that produced by patients cells before treatment moreover other haemostatic laboratory parameters were unaffected by in vivo treatment with bacteria
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the trparg variant of the betaadrenergic receptor betaar gene is relatively common in japanese people we hypothesized that this variant may be associated with obesity and insulin resistance when combined with a westernized lifestyle to test this hypothesis we investigated the relationships between the betaar gene variant and obesity and insulin resistance in japaneseamerican men who are known to have a higher prevalence of type diabetes mellitus dm the subjects were japaneseamerican men living in hawaii with NGT ngt with impaired glucose tolerance igt and with dm the frequency of the trparg allele of the betaar gene was almost identical to that of the mainland japanese the prevalence of the trparg allele was in ngt in igt and in dm subjects NS the trparg variant of the betaar gene showed no significant relationship with obesity or insulin resistance in ngt subjects however fasting and hour insulin C2 and insulin resistance as determined by homeostasis model assessment homa were significantly higher in igt subjects with the trparg variant although indices of obesity were the same in igt subjects with and without the trparg variant differences in the body mass index bmi and percent body fat between ngt and igt subjects were greater for individuals with the trparg variant thus there is an association between the trparg variant of the betaar gene and insulin resistance in japaneseamericans with igt
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in this study a high throughput screening system was set up to identify d receptor agonists then a series of behavior tests were used to evaluate the beneficial effects of in aβinduced mice MM including MWM PA AS avoidance open field and stepdown test the neuroprotective effect of was assessed by a high content screening in vitro in behavior tests the cognitive function impairment caused by aβ was significantly ameliorated by in a dosedependent manner mgkg significantly prolonged the time spent in the target quadrant when compared to the MM group in morris water maze test the RL was significantly increased and the number of PE was decreased in both passives avoidance task and step down test when compared to the MM group in AA and open field test latency stimulation time number of errors were significantly reduced while number of avoidance and line crossing and central distance were increased by y important issue the value of clinical testing is fundamental to offering reliable clinical test data for clinical practice and the mission of a clinical test department is to embody the principal of accuracy assurance and reflect it in routine clinical testing concerning external SQ control surveys and skills tests in japan we asked both test sponsors and examinees to provide opinions on survey efforts the purpose of participation etc
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the development of a telemetric device for monitoring intracranial pressure the rotterdam teletransducer is described special attention was paid to bonding techniques for sealing the transducer the results of improved epoxy sealing active metal brazing and glass bonding are reported in vitro tests showed transducers sealed with epoxy resin to be stable for two months using the more complicated techniques of glass bonding and active metal brazing hermetic seals could be achieved with SD transducers for over one year in vivo SF-36 of the rotterdam teletransducer was tested in acute and chronic animal experiments and the results corresponded to those obtained in the in vitro experiments regression analysis between epidural and ventricular fluid pressure showed a one to one ratio results of clinical application of the device in patients are also described accurate depth setting of the transducer on the dura according to the pressure depth curve was shown to be essential the device has also been used with success for noninvasive fontanelle pressure measurements in infants
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the following article is intended to illustrate the place of scintigraphy and computed tomography pulmonary angiography ctpa in the investigation of acute pe in current practice and to guide nonradionuclide radiologists and other medical professionals to the best test for patients we share our early experiences with ventilationperfusion vq singlephotonemission computed tomography spect including image acquisition and interpretation a comparison of the two techniques is given along with practical considerations in a variety of clinical scenarios
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we provide a prescription for constructing hamiltonians representing the lowenergy physics of correlated electron materials with dynamically screened coulomb interactions the key feature is a renormalization of the hopping and hybridization parameters by the processes that lead to the dynamical screening the renormalization is shown to be nonnegligible for various classes of correlated electron materials the bandwidth reduction effect is necessary for connecting models to materials SMB and for making quantitative predictions for lowenergy properties of solids
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we investigated if the potentiated turning response to a challenge with the partial dopamine d IL-1ra skf as seen after priming with ldihydroxyphenylalanine dopa of unilaterally hydroxydopaminelesioned rats can be modulated by infusion of dynorphin a in the striatum seventeen days T3 the hydroxydopamine lesion rats received intrastriatal dynorphin or microg followed by ldopa mgkg ip and were challenged days later with skf mgkg sc compared to controls the lower dose of dynorphin caused an earlier onset of turning while the higher dose decreased the response to skf these findings suggest a dosedependent modulatory role for striatal dynorphin in ldopapriming of a dmediated behavioral response
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the objective of the present study was to incorporate the hydrophilic drug diminazenediaceturate at a high loading into lipid nanoparticles by creating NPs from lipiddrug conjugates ldc ir and dsc data showed that the antitrypanosomal drug diminazene is able to react with fatty acids to form waterinsoluble salts like diminazenedistearate and dioleate the salts could be transformed into NPs using highpressure homogenization technique established for solid lipid nanoparticles sln by using polysorbate as SF physically SD ldc nanoparticle dispersions of both salts could be obtained the mean pcs diameters and polydispersity indices were nm and for diminazenedistearate and nm and for diminazenedioleate respectively due to the composition of the ldc bulk materials NPs with a high drug load of ww were obtained even for this highly watersoluble drug diminazenediaceturate the new carrier system of ldc nanoparticles overcomes one limitation of sln ie the limited loading capacity for hydrophilic drugs transforming watersoluble hydrophilic drugs into ldc and formation of nanoparticles allows prolonged drug release and targeting to specific sites by iv i.t. these results provide a first basis of using ldcpolysorbate NPs for brain delivery of diminazene to treat second stage human african trypanosomiasis hat
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we have used the ct transthoracic scan to measure regional lung density in vivo as our previous studies have shown that this correlates with the increase in size of distal air spaces which is a defining characteristic of emphysema we have studied patients with CAL fev to predicted caused by CB and emphysema synonym copd with a wide range of arterial po to mm hg and pco to mm hg while PLB air at rest we could find no significant relationships between the extent of emphysema as assessed in vivo by the emi number defining the lowest fifth percentile of the ct density histogram of the lung fields and either ABG tensions mean pulmonary arterial pressure cardiac SO or calculated total pulmonary V1 resistance while at rest n or during supine leg exercise n we conclude that the extent of emphysema does not correlate with the clinical or pathologic features of the pink and puffing ie mild hypoxemia no co retention no pulmonary hypertension etc or blue and bloated ie hypoxemia co retention pulmonary hypertension pattern of patients with copd nor to the spectrum of hemodynamic and gas exchange CA that commonly occur in patients between these two extreme examples thus pink puffers should not be equated with the emphysematous DP of this disease although these clinicophysiologic patterns remain valid as descriptions they do not relate to the extent of underlying emphysema in copd
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although hemodiafiltration is purported to provide better cardiovascular stability for dialysis patients other possible benefits of this therapy have not been well defined we have compared treatment with hemodialysis hd and HDF hdf in stable patients over a period of months dialysis parameters dialysate composition and flow duration dialyzer were the same in the two periods except for the added convection of hdf and a higher tolerated blood flow in hdf cardiovascular parameters were remarkably similar in the two treatment periods indicating that SD patients do not benefit further from this therapy in terms of these factors the clearance of urea was significantly improved with hdf which was reflected in a higher ktv and lower tacurea we observed a significant rho between ktv and pru in both hd and hdf modes this rho was linear and the regression L1 was similar in both modes the clearance of beta microglobulin was also significantly improved by hdf compared to hd thus the benefit of hdf in stable dialysis patients is the improved clearance of small molecules and beta microglobulin without increasing dialysis time further clinical benefits due to the improved clearance may only become apparent with longer followup
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daphnids daphnia magna utilize cyclic parthenogenesis as a reproductive strategy during periods of abundant resources these organisms reproduce asexually in response to environmental cues that signal the onset of environmental adversity daphnids produce males and reproduce sexually the environmental cues that stimulate the sexual reproductive phase are well known however the endocrine signals that transduce these environmental cues remain unknown the present study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that the crustacean juvenoid hormone MF is a male sex determinant in this species continuous SE to aqueous concentrations of methyl farnesoate greater than approximately nm stimulated a concentrationdependent production of malecontaining broods of organisms ST exposures to MF during periods of egg and embryo maturation revealed that male sex determination occurred during a TPS hour period of ovarian egg OD exposure of eggs to nm MF during this CS developmental period resulted in the production of allmale broods of F1 while exposure to concentrations as low as nm produced mixed broods of males and females this AS concentration range of MF is consistent with levels measured in the hemolymph of some decapod crustaceans these results demonstrate that MF is capable of programming daphnid embryos to develop into males and is likely the endocrine factor responsible for initiating the sexual reproductive phase in these organisms
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the possibility of using cytokeratin antibodies for the radioimmunolocalization of urinary bladder cancer was studied a monoclonal mu igg antibody was raised against cytokeratin and labelled with iodine normal murine igg was used for control purposes the urothelial CA cell L1 rt was transplanted imeasures with a wide application of antitumor therapy
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several different type of mitogens such as phytohemagglutinin pha including phap m w c l and el pokeweed mitogen pwm concanavalin a cona lipopolysaccharide lps wheat germ agglutinin wga and soybean agglutinin sba were compared their mitotic stimulating effects to human lymphocytes in single use and also combined use of these mitogens in the tests with single use of each mitogen pha was confirmed to be the most superior mitogen of several different types of pha phac l and el were not AGA to stimulate human lymphocytes though phap m and w induced sufficiently mitoses the most appropriate concentration of pwm was microgramsml but the highest MI index reached at days after the initiation of culture cona did not induce sufficient mitoses and lps wga and sba were inadequate to stimulate human lymphocytes in the single use in the combined use of two mitogens there was no reliable combination to enhance MI stimulation when three different mitogens were used simultaneously only one combination with pham pwm and sba effectively enhanced the MI index when compared to the single use in the confirmatory experiment for this combination carried out on different donors the enhanced effect to mitotic index was recognized in two out of three donors with low response to pha but the low level of MI was seen in remaining donors with high response to pha this finding suggests that this combination may overcome a disadvantage in some of the low NR to pha
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we studied the mechanism of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus lcmv persistence and the suppression of cytotoxic t lymphocyte ctl responses in balbc wehi mice INF at birth with lcmv armstrong strain using adoptive transfer experiments we found that SP cells from PI carrier mice actively suppressed the expected lcmvspecific ctl response of SP cells from normal adult mice the suppression was specific for the ctl response and lcmv specific antibody responses were not affected associated with the TPS ctl suppression was the establishment of persistent lcmv infection the transfer of spleen or CL node cells containing lcmv specific ctl resulted in virus clearance and prevented establishment of the carrier state the suppression of lcmv TPS ctl responses by carrier SP cells is not mediated by a suppressor cell but is due to the presence of genetic SCV of lcmv in spleens of carrier mice such virus SCV selectively suppress lcmvspecific ctl responses and cause persistent infections in immunocompetent mice in striking contrast wildtype lcmv armstrong from which these SCV were generated induces a potent ctl response in immunocompetent mice and the lcmv infection is rapidly cleared our results show that lcmv variants that emerge during infection in vivo play a crucial role in the suppression of virusspecific ctl responses and in the maintenance of virus persistence
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intercellular communication within the musculature of the canine colon was studied by examining the results of neurobiotin DWI T3 injection of the tracer into smooth muscle cells at different locations within the muscle SL circular muscle at the submucosal surface circular muscle adjacent to the myenteric plexus and longitudinal muscle demonstrated different degrees of timedependent tracer spread at the submucosal surface tracer spread was rapid extensive and unimpeded by connective tissue septa at the myenteric side tracer spread was also extensive but was much slower and confined to bundles of cells bordered by septa in contrast to previous studies that suggest an absence of gap junctions at the myenteric side of the circular muscle the neurobiotin spread indicates full metabolic coupling of all circular smooth muscle cells furthermore in contrast to the belief that longitudinal muscle is completely devoid of gap junctions tracer spread occurred between cells in this layer although neurobiotin DWI was very limited nonuniform and slow in each area of the musculature studied tracer spread was inhibited by octanol when very long i.t. and wait times were implemented at the submucosal surface of the circular muscle neurobiotin was observed to cross septa through the network of interstitial cells of cajal indicating that it is this network that provides communication between lamellae
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the angiotensinconverting enzyme ace gene insertiondeletion polymorphi be activated after icsi by using spermatozoa irradiated with gammarays before and after freezedrying sperm chromosome complements were analyzed at the first cleavage metaphase chromosome aberrations increased in a dosedependent manner in the spermatozoa irradiated before FD however no increase in oocytes with chromosome aberrations was observed when fertilized by spermatozoa that had been irradiated after FD as compared with freezedried spermatozoa that had not been irradiated these results suggest that both the chromosomal integrity of FD spermatozoa as well as their ability to activate oocytes were protected from gammaray irradiation at doses at which chromosomal damage is found to be strongly induced in spermatozoa suspended in solution
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one of the drawbacks during secondgeneration biofuel production from plant lignocellulosic biomass is the accumulation of glucose the preferred carbon source of microorganisms which causes the repression of hydrolytic enzyme secretion by industrially relevant filamentous fungi glucose sensing subsequent transport and cellular signalling pathways have been barely elucidated in these organisms this T0 therefore characterized the transcriptional response of the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans to the presence of high and low gl concentrations under continuous chemostat cultivation with the aim to identify novel AF involved in gl sensing and signalling several transcription factor and transporterencoding genes were identified as being differentially regulated including the previously characterized glucose and xylose transporter hxtb hxtb was confirmed to be a LA glucose transporter localizing to the plasma membrane under low and highglucose conditions furthermore hxtb was shown to be involved in conidiationrelated processes and may play a role in downstream gl signalling a gene predicted to encode the protein kinase pska was also identified as being important for gl metabolism this T0 identified several proteins with predicted roles in gl metabolic processes and provides a foundation for further investigation into the response of biotechnologically important filamentous fungi to gl
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implantation of cardiac resynchronization therapy devices represents one of the more challenging and timeconsuming procedures for the clinical electrophysiologist this article reviews several strategies used to improve efficiency safety and effectiveness of cardiac resynchronization therapy implantation the cornerstone of our strategy to improve efficiency safety and SQ of CRT implantation is the use of a telescoping guide system with highquality venography competency in subclavian venoplasty and snaring techniques are essential to maintain efficiency and effectiveness during difficult cases
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the efficacy and safety of paclitaxel taxol BMS company princeton nj administered as a hour infusion was investigated in a phase ii T0 involving patients with stage iiiiv nonsmall cell LC the T0 included two quality of life assessments the hospital anxiety and depression scale and the rotterdam symptom checklist to test their suitability for use in a future randomized phase iii trial of paclitaxel and best supportive care versus best supportive care CT four of the patients confidence interval to achieved a partial response the median time to PD for all patients entered was weeks paclitaxel was well tolerated with dose reduction required in only one patient because of arthralgiamyalgia no dose reductions delays or discontinuations were required for hematologic toxicity completion and compliance with quality of life questionnaires was high and these research tools proved to be acceptable for future use in phase iii studies with paclitaxel
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the protein platform called the nodlikereceptor family member nlrp inflammasome needs to be activated to process intracellular caspase active ICE is able to cleave prointerleukin ilβ resulting in bioactive ilβ ilβ is a potent proinflammatory cytokine and thought to play a key role in the pathogenesis of lyme ICA a common manifestation of borrelia burgdorferi infection the precise pathways through which b burgdorferi recognition leads to inflammasome activation and processing of ilβ in lyme arthritis has not been elucidated in the present study we investigated the contribution of several PR receptors and inflammasome components in a novel mu MM of lyme ICA
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hyperhomocysteinemia has emerged as a novel risk factor for myocardial infarction mi some mechanisms proposed to explain its relationship with coronary events are also shared by major coronary risk AF we examined whether ct methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and ag methionine synthase polymorphisms could affect the relative risk for mi
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we have sequenced regions of the zfy and sox genes in the turtle chelydra serpentina a reptile with temperaturedependent sex determination the zfy gene in mammals encodes a transcription factor with multiple zinc fingers that may be involved in spermatogenesis as well as other processes the turtle homologue zft is MZ to the zfy gene at the nucleotide and CAA levels in the region of zinc fingers there are several sox genes in the turtle that are only MZ at the nucleotide level and about MZ at the amino acid level to the human sexdetermining sry gene however the turtle sox genes termed tsox have the conserved motif called the hmgbox for high mobility group dnabinding protein that defines a probable dnabinding region and thus are in the same gene family as the sox genes of other organisms from drosophila to man one tsox CS is MZ at the CAA level to a CS found in birds and is MZ to a CS encoded autosomally in mouse and in man the extent of CS conservation among the sox genes suggests that some of their functions may be conserved phylogenetic analysis of available sox sequences including sry sry sequences suggests that there was a high degree of divergence between any possible immediate common ancestor of the turtle sox sequences and the sry sry sequences
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there are particular complexities faced by people attempting to tell their stories in the context of social stigma such as the hostility which often surrounds injecting drug use in this article we identify some of the distinct advantages of taking a narrative approach to understanding these complexities by exploring a single case study across two lifehistory interviews with jimmy a young man with a PH of social disadvantage incarceration and heroin dependence drawing on miranda frickers notion of hermeneutical injustice we consider the effects of stigmatization on the sociocultural practice of storytelling we note the way jimmy appears both constrained and released by his storyhow he conforms to but also resists the master narrative of the drug user narrative analysis we conclude honors the complex challenges of the accounting work evident in interviews such as jimmys providing a valuable counterpoint to other forms of qualitative inquiry in the addictions field
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this paper reports a new type miniatureconical transducer for AE measurements the transducer follows the basic idea and structure of a conventional nbs conical transducer but is much compact in size and easier to use the improvements are made possible by introducing an excimer laser micromachining method for fabricating smaller pzt conical elements which play a key role in the transducer conical pzt elements with contact size less then microm are lasermachined and the miniatureconical transducers are constructed standard quantitative acoustic emission testing is performed on a plate using the fabricated transducers and good results are observed the transducers can be very useful in many applications involving quantitative measurements of transient elastic waves
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despite the tau of collagen in femoral artery PA treatment as reported in one patient T0 its use has not yet gained wide acceptance in clinical practice in this particular study the collagen was not described in detail to further investigate the potential of collagen S9 we prepared and characterized HP injectable fibrillar type i collagen and evaluated its use for FA pseudoaneurysm psa treatment in vivo using a pig model
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our goal was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of minimally invasive surgery for the coverage of myelomeningocele in utero
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diabetes mellitus results in many complications also compromising the salivary PG the current treatment for this condition should be a substituting method to exogenous insulin in this aspect the immunotherapy has been tested but it can be inefficient as an agent for the control of damage caused by diabetes thus the aim of this T0 was to evaluate the anticd monoclonal antibody as alternative immunotherapy in the recovery of SGs of spontaneously diabetic nod NOD mice
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our aim was to evaluate the size of the fetal thymus by US in pregnancies with intrauterine growth restriction iugr and to search for a possible relationship between a small fetal thymus and adverse perinatal outcomes
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noninvasive fluorescence imaging is an important technique in biology however PCD of traditional biomarker emissions is accompanied by a high background signal in this study we examined whether upconversion sodium yttrium fluoride nayf nanocrystals were suitable for autofluorescencefree multicolor fluorescence imaging in a living animal tissue autofluorescence was induced with a nm CS source then rats were subjected to i.t. of fluorescein isothiocyanate fitc cadmium selenidezinc sulfide cdsezns quantum dots qds or nayfytterbiumthulium ybtm nayfybholmium ho and nayfybhocerium ce nanocrystals imaging with nayf nanocrystals nm laser CR removed the high tissue autofluorescence in marked contrast to imaging with fitc and qds nm CS optical imaging experiments demonstrated that multiple biological targets and organs could be imaged at the same time using multicolor nayf upconversion NCs under a single excitation wavelength nm these data demonstrated the proofofprinciple that autofluorescencefree multicolor imaging using nearinfrared to visible upconversion of nayf NCs excited by laser can be performed in a living animal
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metalion retention properties of watersoluble amphiphilic polymers in presence of double w/o/w were studied by diafiltration double emulsion systems waterinoilinwater with a ph gradient between external and internal AQ phases were prepared a polystyrenecomaleic anhydride psam solution at ph was added to the external aqueous phase of double w/o/w and by application of pressure a divalent metalion stream was continuously added metalions used were cu and cd at the same ph of polymer solution according to our results metalion retention is mainly the result of polymermetal interaction interaction between psma and reverse w/o/w globules is strongly controlled by amount of metalions added in the external AQ phase in addition as metalion concentration was increased a negative effect on polymer PR capacity and promotion of flocculation phenomena were produced
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to investigate the prevalence risk AF and prognosis of chronic daily headache cdh in a population of elderly chinese subjects
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the course of patients operated for a ruptured IA at the university of saarland between and has been followed up the main emphasis of the investigation was placed on the scrutiny of the coma scales on admission hunt hessscale GCS and wfnsscale world federation of neurological surgeons with regard to the outcome outcome was defined as the patients state six months after aneurysm rupture according to the glasgow outcome scale the sensitivities specifities and predictive values of almost all scale grades were poor the hunthessscale was the one with the best correlation by half the patients with the worst scale grades on admission had a good outcome a gradation of the outcome with regard to the middle admission grades has not been identified these observations have been demonstrated by using roc receiver operating characteristiccurves the admission scales are not suitable to give a definite prognosis and do not justify any decision neither pro nor contra an T0 a lot of parameters besides the neurological findings have an effect on the prognosis additionally unexpected complications may occur in the pre and postoperative phase the score values determined at the day of T0 have shown a more precise prognosis than the values determined immediately T3 hospitalization therefore the evaluation of the most relevant phase could improve the prognostic value of the scales
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endothelial cells were prepared from rat heart and the ability of various bacterial species to adhere to these cells was investigated with special regard to alphahemolytic streptococci the EC cells were identified by morphology and by the presence of f viii antigen seventeen bacterial strains representing various species were used in the in vitro adherence tests strains represented various strains of alphahemolytic streptococci of which were isolated from patients with IE and from the throats of healthy individuals were neisseria meningitidis n gonorrhoeae s aureus and e coli the highest adherence rate was found for AHS isolated from patients with infective endocarditis the difference compared to carrier strains of AHS and to the other tested strains was statistically highly significant
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the hermaphroditic gastropod lymnaea stagnalis is proposed as a candidate species for the OD of oecd guidelines for testing of the reprotoxicity of chemicals including endocrine active substances eass up to now only a few putative eass have been tested for their reproductive toxicity in this species in this T0 we investigate the effects of four eass with different affinities to the vertebrate estrogen and ARs chlordecone as an estrogen cyproterone acetate fenitrothion and vinclozolin as antiandrogens on the reproduction of l stagnalis in a day semistatic test testosterone and αethinylestradiol ee were used as the REF compounds the tested eass had no significant effect on growth and survival at the tested concentration ranges ng to μgl classical reproduction endpoints ie oviposition and fecundity were not responsive to the tested chemicals except for CD and αethinylestradiol which hampered reproduction from μgl and μgl respectively the frequency of polyembryonic eggs used as an additional endpoint demonstrated the effects of all compounds except ee the molecular pathways which are involved in such reproduction impairments remain unknown our results suggest that egg SQ is a more CS endpoint as compared to other reproductive endpoints commonly assessed in mollusk toxicity tests
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we report the isolation of a complimentary dna cdna clone encoding glutamine synthetase derived from a population of Met sulfoximeresistant mouse gf fibroblasts when gf cells are incubated for h in the presence of the glucocorticoid hormone dexamethasone the specific activity of glutamine synthetase gs assayed as glutamyltransferase activity increases by threefold based on dot hybridization analysis hormonal treatment also produces a similar ind fold p less than in response to cei plus p or cei plus pi p did not block the fall in acidactivated inactive renin compared to cei CT the nadir of the inactive renin response to both cei or cei plus p occurred at h pi however prevented the fall in IR to extend this observation we compared the effects of infusion of a vasodilator pg pga microgramskg x min and a pure betaagonist isoproterenol microgramskg x min pga increased AR fold and decreased inactive renin by both p less than while isoproterenol increased active renin fold but did not significantly change inactive renin these data suggest that the betaadrenergic system and pgs at least acutely stimulate renin production at different steps of its biosynthesis or secretion
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certain steps of a protocol to enumerate a bacterium directly in soil by immunofluorescence were studied with respect to the enumeration of nitrobacter in soils of diverse properties maximal counts of nitrobacter were obtained by varying factors involved in the release of bacteria from the soil differences with respect to these factors were related to soilcolloidal properties enumeration protocols modified with regard to soil properties were used with strainspecific fluorescent antibodies fa to enumerate nitrobacter populations a in soil during storage b in comparison with most probable number mpn enumeration and c occurring in a spectrum of soil samples fa counting was rapid and precise and gave counts generally to fold higher than obtained by mpn nitrobacter cells of the two serotypes studied designated as agilis and winogradsky occurred in each soil at C2 of per gram
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estrogen receptors α erα and β erβ have different physiological functions and expression C2 in different tissues erα and erβ are highly homologous and have only two residue substitutions in the binding pocket this high similarity at the active site stimulates the interests for discovering subtype selective ligands in this study molecular dynamics md simulations combined with molecular mechanics generalized born surface area mmgbsa method have been carried out to analyze the basis of selectivity of three ligands and the calculated IB free energies show that all the ligands bind more tightly to erβ than to erα the dominant free SE components of selectivity for are similar to that for but different from that for the decompositions of free energy contributions and structural analysis imply that there are eight residues primarily contributing to the selectivity for five residues for as well as two residues for the structural analysis implies that two residue substitutions in binding packet cause the position of in erβ complex to shift relative to that in erα complex and also cause the conformational changes of other residues in the IB pocket the higher selectivity for is mainly caused by three residues ile met his his and leu leu
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crfae and subtype b are the two major hiv clades circulating in china heterosexual transmission is the predominant route for the spread of hiv and heterosexuals often include men who have sex with men and intravenous DUs furthermore many kinds of circulating recombinant forms crf and unique recombinant forms urf between crfae and subtype b were recently identified in southeast asia therefore it is inevitable that the new recombinant of crfaeb will emerge among them here we identified a novel recombinant of crfaeb isolated from heterosexuals which has a distinctly different genome structure from other crfbs and urfs reported before the analysis of the near fulllength sequence of js shows that it is composed of at least five interlaced crfae and b segments recently many kinds of urfs and crfs began to prevail within a short period in china which implies that a mix of hiv infections is common in china and more attention should focus on it
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measurement of serum free CS chains flc is useful for the diagnosis and monitoring of monoclonal lightchain diseases it has been suggested that there will be widespread replacement of urine bence jones protein measurement by SS flc CA we report on our experience with the assay during monitoring of lightchain myeloma lcmm and al amyloidosis al
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growth hormone GHSs are becoming increasingly attractive alternatives to gh or insulinlike growth factori igfi for the treatment of conditions that may benefit from activation of the ghigfi axis this stems from the realization that gh secretagogues stimulate the pulsatile PR of endogenous gh feedback control of endogenous gh and igfi is preserved guarding against imbalances between gh and igfi levels and gh treatment is associated with adverse effects in the elderly of the gh secretagogues growth hormonereleasing hormone ghrh remains the best characterized in terms of identity of the ligandreceptor pair and its exclusive somatotropic activity at the level of the pituitary fulllength NK ghrh NH can now be produced by recombinant technologly on a commercially viable scale and is currently being evaluated in EP PCTs the purpose of these studies is to evaluate the tau and tolerability of chronic subcutaneous administration of ghrh over a range of doses in elderly subjects therapeutic areas that are being investigated in the elderly include congestive HF osteoporosis and improvements in body composition and function in the frail elderly
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spectrin rouen beta is a novel variant carrying a shortened beta chain with an apparent molecular weight of kda it was detected in a french family all affected members suffered from haemolytic hereditary elliptocytosis as other shortened beta chain SCV described before the beta rouen chain is truncated at its CT spectrin rouen is associated with a defect in Sp dimer selfassociation and with an abnormally high amount of the alpha i kda peptide following partial tryptic digestion dimer reconstitution experiments from normal and abnormal purified sp subunits indicated that the increased alpha i kda fragment is induced by the altered beta chain however spectrin rouen is different from other mutants with a truncated beta chain in several respects its amount is low less than and the Sp dimer selfassociated defect is mild critically the beta rouen chain has retained the ability of undergoing phosphorylation even though it is modified in its CT region these results compared to those obtained with beta spectrin le puy and beta spectrin nice allowed better localization of the beta chain CS that can be phosphorylated by a MB casein kinase
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a custommade unibody singlebranch endograft usbe could provide great gains in the landing zone while maintaining a left subclavian artery lsa perfusion in some patients with stanford type b dissections tbads we performed a computed tomography ctbased planning T0 to determine the proportion of tbad patients who could benefit from this custommade usbe and ascertained the possibility of an offtheshelf usbe in an emergency setting
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tetraacylated lipid as derived from porphyromonas gingivalis lps have been synthesized using a key disaccharide intermediate functionalized with levulinate lev allyloxycarbonate alloc and anomeric dimethylthexylsilyl tds as orthogonal protecting groups and fluorenylmethoxycarbamate fmoc and azido as amino protecting groups furthermore an efficient crossmetathesis has been employed for the preparation of the unusual branched rhydroxymethyltetradecanic acid and rhexadecanoyloxymethylhexadecanoic acid of p gingivalis lipid a biological studies have shown that the synthetic lipid as cannot activate human and mouse tlr and tlr to produce cytokines however it has been found that the compounds are potent antagonist of cytokine secretion by human monocytic cells induced by enteric lps
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six cases of papillary fibroelastoma of the Endo were presented all cases appeared as incidental findings at autopsy grossly they were verrucous or tuftlike growths less than cm in size on cardiac valves histologically they consisted of a fibrocollagenous stalk and multiple PTC fronds with typical zonal architecture central dense hyaline core containing elastic fibers surrounded by a layer of myxoid matrix and covered by hyperplastic EC cells at the surface of PTC fronds there were foci of fibrin deposition histogenesis of papillary fibroelastomas is unclear they are considered variously as primary benign tumours hamartomas or organized thrombi
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the pyrimidine analogue CA arac is one of the most effective drugs used in the treatment of acute leukaemia overexpression of the multidrug resistance mdr gene and its product pglycoprotein pgp is associated with cellular resistance to drugs such as anthracyclines and vinca alkaloids this resistance can be reversed by cyclosporine analogues or verapamil ver we investigated the in vitro crossresistance to arac in a doxorubicinresistant hl cell L1 with an elevated expression of the mdr gene the resistant clone showed an eightfold increased resistance to arac and a two to fourfold resistance to the other analogues as measured by cytotoxicity test there was no significant increase in the activity of nucleotidase or in the amount of deoxyribonucleotide pools between cell lines we could however detect a reduction in deoxycytidine kinase dck activity p using deoxycytidine as substrate and the level of arac triphosphates was significantly reduced in the resistant cells p when the cells were exposed to cyclosporin a csa or the cyclosporine analogue psc psc in combination with arac there was more extensive apoptosis as measured by formation of oligonucleosomal dna fragmentation and caspaselike activity than with exposure to arac alone we also found an increased retention of arac in the resistant cells when incubated with arac in combination with csa ver in combination with arac failed to increase apoptosis for the resistant cell line our data suggests that the resistance to arac for the pgpexpressing cells is a result of a reduction of dck activity and an increase in efflux the latter possibly depending on pgp a combination of csa or psc with arac may improve the effect of arac in vivo
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previous studies from our laboratory demonstrated that acute ethanol etoh intoxication through an unknown mechanism blunts the endotoxinenhanced carbohydrate metabolism the purpose of the present T0 was to determine whether oxidation of the ethanol moiety is required for the inhibition of the endotoxininduced changes in carbohydrate metabolism in vivo gl kinetics were assessed by the intravenous administration of dhglucose in catheterized conscious unrestrained rats escherichia coli endotoxin micrograms g body wt increased gl rate of appearance ra and metabolic CL mcr by and respectively a primedconstant infusion of etoh mg g mg gh initiated h before endotoxin challenge att the endotoxinenhanced glucose kinetics etoh intoxication did not prevent endotoxininduced hyperglycemia but delayed the hyperlactacidemic response the importance of etoh metabolism in suppressing the glucose metabolic response to endotoxin was studied by administering methylpyrazole mp mg g an inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase activity C2 of mp and a bolus i.t. of etoh mg g the plasma etoh concentration remained constant and matched the level of etoh in rats receiving a primedconstant infusion of etoh inhibition of etoh metabolism with mp did not abrogate the ability of etoh to suppress endotoxininduced increases in gl ra or mcr furthermore the injection of the nonmetabolized alcohol tertbutanol abolished the endotoxininduced increase in gl ra and mcr without preventing the endotoxininduced hyperglycemia and hyperlactacidemiaabstract truncated at words
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multivalent ligand design constitutes an attractive avenue to the inhibition of receptor recognition and other biological events mediated by oligomeric proteins with multiple binding CS one example is the design of multivalent receptor blockers targeting members of the ab bacterial toxin family we report here the synthesis and characterization of a pentavalent inhibitor for cholera toxin and escherichia coli heatlabile enterotoxin this inhibitor is an advance over the symmetric pentacyclenderived inhibitor described in our earlier work in that it presents five copies of mnitrophenylalphadgalactoside mnpg rather than five copies of betadgalactose the approximately fold higher singlesite affinity of mnpg for the toxin receptor binding site relative to galactose is found to yield a proportionate increase in the affinity and ic measured for the respective pentavalent constructs we show by dynamic light scattering that inhibition of receptor binding by the pentavalent inhibitor is due to inhibitortoxin association rather than to inhibitormediated aggregation this association is in complete PA with a a resolution crystal structure of the pentavalent inhibitortoxin complex which shows that the favorable singlesite IB interactions of mnpg are retained by the five arms of the da pentavalent mnpgbased inhibitor and that the IS of the linking groups interacts with the surface of the toxin b pentamer
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to assess whether current thyroid status is associated with chondrocalcinosis or OA oa we examined the cross sectional association of SS TSH TSAb hormone tsh with CC and with knee oa in members of the framingham oa T0
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in screening for carotid stenosis an oblique C2 intraarterial DS angiogram iadsa was obtained in consecutive patients who underwent coronary angiography for workup of myocardial infarction andor followup of the status of previous percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty ptca or revascularization ptcr in cases where CAS was suspected from iadsa conventional angiography was obtained concurrently of cases three cases of severe carotid i.a. stenosis were detected i.c. stenoses were in the right carotid bifurcation and the extents of the stenoses were and ulceration was seen in the case with stenosis there were no complications associated with the coronary angiography nor with the additional cervical iadsa which required less than min to perform in all cases patients with IHD are a high risk group for carotid stenoses this method of screening carotid stenosis is safe and requires only ml of additional contrast media giving excellent resolution the value of performing cervical iadsa in patients undergoing coronary angiography to screen for carotid stenosis is discussed
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although it is well established that rhoa signaling pathways play key roles in regulating neuronal morphology their involvement in other aspects of neuronal function has received little attention recent studies have elucidated a novel intracellular signaling pathway used by rhoa to elicit activation of SRF srfmediated transcription in this pathway activation of rhoa triggers nuclear translocation of the srf coactivator megakaryocytic HAL mal in assessing whether rhoa regulates transcription in neurons via this pathway we have found that a constitutively active form of tech transcriptenriched in cortex and hippocampus a rhoa guanine nucleotide exchange factor gef that is expressed in forebrain SN stimulates srf reporter activity in extracts of primary cortical cultures and induces nuclear translocation of mal in cortical neurons both of these responses appear to be mediated by techs activation of rhoa as they are not mimicked by a mutant tech construct lacking rhoa gef activity and are blocked by c transferase a selective inhibitor of rhoa furthermore techinduced increases in srf activity are suppressed by a dominant negative mal construct these findings demonstrate that rhoa signaling pathways are able to regulate transcription in SN by triggering translocation of the srf coactivator mal
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dengue infection a mosquitoborne infectious disease in tropical and subtropical areas has recently become an emerging global disease the clinical course of dengue infection may be unfavorable in immunocompromised patients in this report we present a year old female patient with acute myeloid one who received allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplant five months prior to presentation she was hospitalized at king chulalongkorn memorial hospital bangkok thailand due to fever headache and myalgia for one day during hospitalization she developed capillary leakage syndrome and progressive thrombocytopenia a diagnosis of dengue HF was made and confirmed by positive dengue serology and PCR reaction testing she made a full REC days after hospitalization our case possibly acquired dengue virus from INF mosquitoes while visiting her relatives four days before her present illness in conclusion this is the first reported case of dengue hemorrhagic fever in a PSC transplant recipient in addition we review all previous reports of dengue infection in organ SPK recipients
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a weekold boy presented with a week PH of failure to thrive acute intestinal one and an apparently irreducible intussusception noted on CE he underwent ABD exploration during which a cecal mass was identified and resected the mass proved to be a leiomyosarcoma histologically it was an intermediategrade malignancy with a predicted year survival rate of to based on data from the adult experience three years T3 resection and without having received adjuvant therapy he is healthy and free of disease a review of the literature showed that in infants these tumors are predomays and ms in six dogs PT septal av synchronous pacing was compared to apical av synchronous pacing at three different av delays av synchronous pacing was performed T3 rf induced complete heart block hemodynamics were evaluated by assessment of positive and negative dpdt cardiac SO and left ventricular and pulmonary pressures atrial pacing was superior to av synchronous pacing with respect to positive and negative dpdt and cardiac output this difference was present at all av delays PT septal pacing was associated with a higher positive and negative dpdt compared to apical pacing at all av delays left VVI AT was significantly shorter during PT septal pacing than during apical pacing vs ms p we conclude that atrial and PT septal pacing improves cardiac CF and shortens the ventricular activation time compared to apical av synchronous pacing independent of the av interval
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phenylpiperidinocyclohexanol ah is a noncompetitive and potent inhibitor of highaffinity acetylcholine transport into cholinergic vesicles it is reported here that hah binds specifically and saturably to slidemounted sections of the rat forebrain kd to x m bmax to fmolmg of protein the association and dissociation rate constants for hah IB are x m x min and min respectively bound hah can be displaced by nonradioactive ah and by the structural analog alpha betaa betaa alphadecahydrophenylpiperidinyl naphthalenol but not by microm concentrations of the ACh drugs acetylcholine choline atropine hexamethonium eserine or hemicholinium or by the structurally related compounds MPTP methylphenylpyridine nallylnormetazocine skf levoxadrol or dexoxadrol quantitative ARG reveals that hah IB sites are distributed heterogenously throughout the rat forebrain and are highly localized to ACh nerve terminal regions at the level of the caudate nucleusputamen the highest concentrations of saturable hah IB fmolmg of protein are found in the vertical limb of the diagonal band and the olfactory tubercle with lesser amounts fmolmg of protein in the caudateputamen nucleus accumbens SF layers of the CBF cortex and the primary olfactory SC at day T3 transsection of the left fimbria hah IB and ChAT in the left hippocampus were reduced by and respectively these findings indicate that hah binds to a unique recognition site in rat BB that is topographically associated with ACh nerve terminals
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plants and certain bacteria use a nonmevalonate alternative route for the biosynthesis of many isoprenoids including carotenoids this route has been discovered only recently and has been designated the deoxyxylulose phosphate pathway or methylerythritol phosphate mep pathway we report here that colonisation of roots from wheat maize rice and barley by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal symbiont glomus intraradices involves strong induction of transcript levels of two of the pivotal enzymes of the mep pathway DXS dxs and deoxydxylulose phosphate reductoisomerase dxr this induction is temporarily and spatially correlated with specific and concomitant accumulation of two classes of apocarotenoids namely glycosylated c cyclohexenone derivatives and mycorradicin c conjugates the latter being a major component of the longknown yellow pigment a total of six cyclohexenone derivatives were characterised from mycorrhizal wheat and maize roots furthermore the acyclic structure of mycorradicin described previously only from maize has been identified from mycorrhizal wheat roots after ALP treatment of an apocarotenoid complex of yellow root constituents we propose a hypothetical scheme for biogenesis of both types of apocarotenoids from a common oxocarotenoid xanthophyll precursor this is the first report demonstrating i that the plastidic mep pathway is active in plant roots and ii that it can be induced by a fungus
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cluster HA is a primary headache involving repeated attacks of excruciatingly severe HA usually occurring several times a day most patients with chronic cluster headache cch have an unremitting illness requiring daily preventive therapy for years
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we digitized magnified photographs of crosssections of the laminae cribrosae of normal subjects or more years of age the sample included blacks and agematched whites connective tissue area as a proportion of the lamina cribrosa area was significantly less and pores were significantly larger in the superior and VPI than in the nasal and temporal quadrants of the lamina cribrosa these differences were more pronounced for peripheral as compared with CE regions of the lamina cribrosa less connective tissue support for nerve SF in the superior and VPI quadrants of the ONH could contribute to their greater susceptibility to glaucoma damage by allowing greater distortion of these regions at elevated intraocular pressures the least connective tissue support was present in the inferoperipheral region of the lamina cribrosa which may be related to the greater frequency of superior visual field defects in glaucoma blacks had larger total LC area indicating a larger optic nerve head and also a greater number of laminar pores than whites however the connective tissue proportion and pore size CSD in the laminae cribrosae of blacks were almost MZ to those of whites we found no evidence suggesting that the greater susceptibility of blacks to glaucoma damage is due to less connective tissue support years were compared to scores on wire bending and the three traditional predictors gpa academic aptitude and perceptual aptitude scores wirebending scores correlated significantly with six out of seven preclinical restorative courses the predictive SP for preclinical performance was doubled when wire bending was added to traditional predictors in stepwise multiple SRA wirebending scores identified students of low performance these preliminary results suggest that the wirebending test shows some potential as a screening test for identifying students who may hae psychomotor difficulties early in their dental education
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to date studies of breast CA lymphatic mapping lm have analyzed success with respect to individual surgeons however lm and sentinel CL node biopsy slnbx are procedures that require institutional multidisciplinary cooperation between the departments of radiology pathology and surgery thus it is important to evaluate these procedures with respect to the institution this T0 examines institutions to clarify the value of the institutional BVI ivi casesmonth to the outcome of lm and slnbx in breast CA
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in a series of experiments various chemotherapeutic agents po in feed were evaluated for their efficacy against exp pasteurella anatipestifer pa infection in WG pekin ducklings the feeding of medicated diets was started days prior to challenge and continued throughout each experiment novobiocin and LCM when fed at adequate concentrations were the most effective medicaments tested mortality in treated groups was compared with mortality in controls sulfadimethoxineormetoprim sulfaquinoxaline and lincomycinspectinomycin were moderately ERP drugs that were not effective included chlortetracycline tylosinsulfamethazine FOM FZ nihydrazone perofound change in diarrhoeal morbidity particularly diarrhoeainduced growth impairment which occurs as soon as breastfed infants are regularly supplemented the pathogenesis of these changes is not understand the presence of SB colonization did not appear to be a causal factor but it is speculated its appearance may mark the development of a postenteritis enteropathy which is responsible for the weanling diarrhoea syndrome and which is caused and perpetuated by traditional weaning foods
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cognitiveperformance and motorperformance activities in multitask highworkload environments were assessed during astronaut performance in SF and in isolation data was collected in microgravity on the international microgravity laboratory iml space shuttle mission sts and the canadian astronaut program space unit life simulation capsuls mission offered an ideal opportunity to collect data for individuals in extreme isolation to complement the SF data using similar hardware software and experimental protocols the mental workload and performance experiment mwpe was performed during the iml space flight mission and the SM processes and motor control memo experiment was performed during the capsuls isolation mission in both experiments shortterm exhaustive SM and fine motor control associated with humancomputer interaction was studied SM processes were assessed using a sternberglike exhaustive memory search containing or letters fine motor control was assessed using velocitycontrolled joystick and positioncontrolled trackball computer input devices to acquire targets as displayed on a computer screen subjects repeated the tasks under two conditions that tested perceptual motor adaptation strategies during adaptation to the MG environment and while wearing leftright reversing prism goggles during the capsuls mission both conditions significantly degraded motor performance but not cognitive performance the data collected during both the memo experiment and the mwpe experiments enhance the KB of human interface technology for human performance in extreme environments
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the anticonvulsant effects of adding a nonprotective dose of vigabatrin vgb to increasing single doses of sodium valproate vpa against seizures induced by mgkg of pentylenetetrazole ptz or by mgkg of picrotoxin pic were compared in cd mice with those of vpa CT and vice versa neurotoxicity was evaluated by the rotarod test the study also assessed changes in concentrations of anticonvulsants gammaaminobutyric acid gaba and glutamate in the whole BB vgb increased the potency ratio of vpa against ptz p but not against pic ns vgb slightly decreased the neurotoxicity of vpa ns and the protective index of vpa was therefore increased from to for the ptz model and from to for the pic MM vgb did not modify brain concentrations of vpa and increased BB gaba in relation to vpa CT on the other hand vgb did not achieve a complete protection neither against seizures induced by ptz nor against seizures induced by pic and a nonprotective dose of vpa did not significantly modify the effects of increasing doses of vgb in conclusion the addition of a nonprotective dose of vgb increased the anticonvulsants effects and the protective index of vpa in the ptz MM a more than expected BB gaba increase together with the lack of a pharmacokinetic interaction support a pharmacodynamic basis for this interaction
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internal fixators are a new class of implants designed to preserve the periosteal blood supply of the bone in contrast to conventional plate fixation in which the screws have spherical heads and are loaded mainly by axial pullout forces screws in internal fixators are locked within the plate and therefore subjected to axial as well as bending loads in this study the ultimate loads of screws of a commercially available internal fixator system were tested in a pullout n and cantilever bending mode n in metaphyseal and diaphyseal regions of four pairs of human tibiae with different bone qualities cortical thickness and cancellous bone density were determined at the screw IS CS stepwise multiple linear regression revealed that cortical thickness and cancellous density can explain and of the variance of the ultimate load of the screws in an axial pullout and cantilever bending mode screws in internal fixators are better suited to transmit shear forces and thereby make better use of the strength potential of bone than screws used in conventional plate fixation this is especially advantageous when bone strength is reduced eg due to OP
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the goal of this T0 was to investigate small field output factors ofs for flattening filterfree fff beams on a dedicated stereotactic linear acceleratorbased system from this data the collimator exchange effect was quantified and detectorspecific correction factors were generated SO factors for jawcollimated small fields from to cm were measured using five different detectors including an ion chamber cc a stereotactic field diode sfd a diode detector edge gafchromic film ebt and a plastic scintillator detector psd w chamber diodes and psd measurements were performed in a wellhofer water tank while films were irradiated in solid water at cm sourcetosurface distance and cm depth the collimator exchange effect was quantified for rectangular fields MC mc simulations of the measured configurations were also performed using the egsnrcdosxyznrc code output factors measured by the psd and verified against film and mc calculations were chosen as the benchmark measurements compared with plastic scintillator detector psd the small volume ion chamber cc underestimated SO factors by an average of ± max for à cm square field the stereotactic diode sfd overestimated SO factors by ± max for à cm rectangular field the other diode detector edge also overestimated the ofs by an average of ± max for à cm square field gafchromic film ebt measurements and mc calculations agreed with the scintillator detector measurements within ± and ± respectively across all the x and y jaw combinations the average collimator exchange effect was computed ± cc ± sfd ± edge diode ± MC ± film and ± psd small field detectors should be used with caution with a clear understanding of their behaviors especially for fff beams and small elongated fields the scintillator detector exhibited good PA against gafchromic film measurements and mc simulations over the range of field sizes studied the collimator exchange effect was found to be important at these small field sizes detectorspecific correction AF were computed using the scintillator measurements as the benchmark
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amphetamines are powerful sympathomimetic amines that when used chronically can profoundly effect a patients cardiovascular stability during anesthesia and surgery amphetamines are the third most widely abused class of drugs in the united states they also have legitimate medical use for attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity exogenous obesity and narcolepsy we report a case of a patient with a yr PH of chronic amphetamine use having undergone two GA anesthesias without complication
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the rolling rate r dependence of textures was investigated in the tinbal mol alloy to reveal the conditions required to form the recrystallization texture which is a desirable orientation for the βtitanium shape memory alloy was the dominant coldrolling texture when r and it was transferred to the recrystallization texture without forming which is detrimental for the isotropic mechanical properties of the rolled sheet a further increase in r resulted in the formation of in both rolling and recrystallization textures therefore r should be controlled to form only the rolling texture because the texture can overwhelm the texture during recrystallization
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the appropriate fluid therapy in neurosurgical patients remains an area of disagreement between neurosurgeons and anaesthesiologists fluid restriction has long been practiced in patients with BB pathology in order to reduce or prevent the formation of CBF oedema this grows from a fear that rapid administration of fluids particularly noncolloidal fluids can enhance CBF oedema although there is a lack of experimental evidence to substantiate this belief on the other hand fluid restriction can lead to relative hypovolaemia causing haemodynamic instability during anaesthesia and influence defavourably CBF perfusion the AGA fluid management of patients with BB pathology requires a careful review of the starlings law and a clear understanding of osmolality oncotic pressure op and the nature of the bloodbrain barrier bbb the starling equation of UF states that the net movement of fluid between the intra and extravascular compartments is the result of the summated influences of the pressure gradients HP op and osmotic pressure between those compartments and the properties of the barriers capillary endothelium that separate them in most IP tissues this barrier is freely permeable to small molecules and ions and net fluid movement depends on intravascular hydrostatic pressure and op under normal circumstances intraluminal hydrostatic pressure is higher than interstitial pressure favouring water egress by contrast IL op is higher than interstitial op favouring water PR these forces do not balance exactly and FA is prevented by the lymphatics if this net movement exceeds the capacity of the lymphatic clearance mechanisms fluid accumulates which is the definition of oedemaabstract truncated at words
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the aim of this T0 was to evaluate the changes in hematological and PSA parameters of blood during acute trypanosoma evansi infection in wistar rats the end points studied were hematologic parameters red blood cell fragility iron content and glutathione and lipid peroxidation levels fortyeight animals were INF with trypomastigotes and distributed into five groups according to the level of parasitemia twelve noninoculated animals were used as control parasitemia increased progressively reaching highest scores at days postinoculation at this point several deleterious effects were observed such as an increase in iron content in OF and in lipid peroxidation index while glutathione decreased drastically these changes were highly correlated to parasitemia p and among each other p ⤠hematological indices hb packed cell volume pcv red blood cells rbc and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were also correlated to parasitemia p ⤠but failed to correlate to the other variables along with increase in iron rbc fragility produced a decrease in rbc pcv and hb but not in mean corpuscular volume decrease in glutathione was negatively correlated to the end products of lipid peroxidation clearly indicating the establishment of a prooxidant condition the results show that the infection causes hematological impairments increases iron and OF along with marked oxidative AS in red blood cells of rats inoculated with t evansi
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to seek an association between articular chondrocalcinosis ac and calcification of the transverse ligament of the C1 tla and to evaluate the frequency and the main computed tomography appearances of such calcification
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pharmaceutical and personal care products ppcps enter aquatic environments via sewage treatment facilities and their potentially toxic effects on biota particularly aquatic organisms are of considerable concern in this study we investigated the acute toxicity of selected ppcps on a FW crustacean thamnocephalus platyurus and a fish species oryzias latipes the hr median MLC lc values of ibuprofen mefenamic acid indometacin carbamazepine propranolol ifenprodil clarithromycin and triclosan for t platyurus were estimated to be and mgl respectively conversely the hr lc values for these ppcps were estimated at and mgl for o latipes respectively the toxic sensitivity of t platyurus to these ppcps except for CBZ was therefore higher than for o latipes no LD50 effects were associated with ppcps such as atenolol disopyramide famotidine fluconazole erythromycin and levofloxacin in the two aquatic organisms at the concentrations tested in this study mgl these findings may help us to understand the potential biological effects and risks associated with ppcp SE irial oxidative phosphorylation oxphos is considered a cause of aging a reduction in mitochondrial dna mtdna replication andor transcription may contribute to this oxphos diminution impairments in the displacement d loop or noncoding region of the mitochondrial genome or accumulation of mtdna mutations may affect mtdna replication and transcription we determined the effects of age on the dloop and on mtdna deletion mutations in the spinal cord medulla midbrain cerebellum striatum and cerebral SC of fischer rats dloop s dna C2 were reduced by fold in striatum fold in cortex and fold in the spinal cord of older animals we did not detect a population of mtdna affected by the most prevalent known ndcontaining deletions indicating they do not comprise a significant portion of total mtdna however we detected an agerelated and regionspecific increase in the common deletion which comprised of total mtdna mitochondrial genome copy number varied between regions in addition to an overall decrease with age across the whole BB these results suggest the agerelated decline in oxphos may be related to a reduction in dloop function
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despite the advances in early PCD and treatment of cancer patients continue to die of the disease even when they seek care at an early stage for patients with breast CA it is now possible to detect circulating RT cells ctcs in the bloodstream and disseminated tumor cells dtcs in the bone marrow by using ICC and molecular methods ctcs and dtcs have been found to share similar genotypic and phenotypic characteristics with socalled breast CA stem cells a finding that could potentially explain the eventual relapse of disease in a patient previously considered to have been cured by primary therapy in some studies the presence of ctcs or dtcs at the time of diagnosis of breast CA is an independent adverse prognostic VL however before ctcdtc testing can achieve standardofcare status there must be improvement in the sensitivity precision and reproducibility of the detection methods
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a chloroma or granulocytic sarcoma is an extramedullary leukemia it can be encountered at any anatomical location but until now only three cases have been reported in the cerebellopontine angle we present an year old patient with an extraaxial chloroma of the cerebellopontine angle to highlight this very rare and malignant pathology in the differential diagnosis of CP angle PT the presented case being the fourth chloroma in the CPA occurred in the absence of relapse which is very unusual for these lesions chloroma should be remembered as a very rare and a malignant pathology in the differential diagnosis of pediatric CPA PT
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six patients with B-ALL manifested liver dysfunction related to doxorubicin hydrochloride therapy other causes eg infection SH posttransfusion reaction and leukemic infiltration were ruled out there was close rho between the administration of doxorubicin and the appearance of hepatic dysfunction doxorubicin may produce an idiosyncratic reaction and must be considered a drug with potential CL toxicity
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midkine mk gene name mdk a heparinbinding growth factor regulates cell growth cell survival migration and Bcl-2 activity in nephrogenesis and OD in the kidney mk is expressed mainly in RPTE cells and is induced by oxidative stress through the activation of hypoxiainducible factorα the pathophysiological roles of mk are diverse ranging from the occurrence of acute kidney injury aki to progression of chronic kidney disease often accompanied by hypertension renal ischemia and diabetic nephropathy in particular hypertension has indispensable implications for various V1 diseases including cardiovascular and renal disorders mdk mice exhibited marked hypertension in renal ablation model compared with mdk mice eventually leading to more progressive renal failure such as glomerular sclerosis and tubulointerstitial injuries in association with elevated plasma angiotensin ang ii C2 mk is also induced in the lung EC by oxidative AS and subsequently upregulated angiotensinconverting enzyme ace in the lung ang ii is hydrolyzed by ace to induce further oxidative AS accelerating mk generation and leading to a vicious cycle of positive feedback on the mkang ii pathway the kidneylung interaction involving positive FB between the reninangiotensin system and mk may in part account for the pathogenesis of hypertension and kidney injury in addition to this pathway mk is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy and aki through the recruitment of the inflammatory cells such multidisciplinary findings may open new avenues for targeting therapies for hypertension and various renal diseases including aki and diabetic nephropathy
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it is generally assumed that only the diver exiting a compressed air environment is at risk for the complications of systemic air embolism following pulmonary barotrauma we present a case of sudden death following a swimming pool dive with evidence supporting a diagnosis of fatal SVR air embolism
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in the human penguin project n research CG from countries collected body temperature demographic variables social network indices seven widelyused psychological scales and two newly developed questionnaires the social thermoregulation and risk avoidance questionnaire straq and the kama muta frequency scale kamf they were collected to investigate the relationship between environmental AF eg geographical climate etc and human behaviors which is a longstanding inquiry in the scientific community more specifically the present project was designed to test principles surrounding the idea of social thermoregulation which posits that social networks help people to regulate their core body temperature the results showed that all scales in the current project have sufficient to good psychometrical properties unlike previous crowdsourced projects this dataset includes not only the cleaned raw data but also all the validation of questionnaires in different languages thus providing a valuable resource for psychological scientists who are interested in crossnational environmenthuman interaction studies
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the objective of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of a new antifungal imidazole dapaconazole tosylate in the treatment of PV pv
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the incidence of intracoronary thrombus and the effects of thrombolytic therapy were studied in patients with unstable angina all patients underwent coronary angiography to h mean T3 their last attack of CP immediately after angiography patients received intracoronary streptokinase iu in min and were retrospectively analyzed twenty patients received intravenous recombinant tissuetype plasminogen activator rtpa mg in h and were involved in a prospective study eleven of the patients from the streptokinase group and of the patients from the rtpa group showed a decrease in the severity of the coronary stenosis on repeat angiography day later a decrease in coronary one was primarily observed in of patients with a complete stenosis and in of patients with a subtotal stenosis and markedly diminished coronary flow improvement in coronary anatomy was not determined by the clinical characteristics of the patients twentyeight of the patients had angiographic evidence of intracoronary thrombus formation before and had such evidence T3 thrombolytic treatment nine patients developed a small increase in SS cardiac enzymes before or during treatment ischemic symptoms and the incidence of surgical or angioplastic MI were not different in patients with or without a reduction in coronary artery stenosis after fibrinolytic therapy these observations suggest a high incidence of coronary thrombosis in patients with unstable angina the data do not permit assessment of the clinical therapeutic tau of thrombolytic therapy better risk stratification and placebocontrolled prospective studies are required to obtain information on the riskbenefit ratio of such therapy in unstable angina
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left internal mammary artery lima grafts have better LT patency rates than do RSV grafts and result in improved late survival the present study was undertaken to assess the results of lima grafting in the elderly from through patients years of age or older had isolated CABG performed during the first years only of the elderly patients received lima grafts whereas having CABG since had lima grafts since lima use in the elderly has become routine with of patients receiving IM i.a. grafts during the first years elderly patients had a hospital MR of since the hospital mortality rate fell to in addition the occurrence of L1 surgical complications was either unchanged or reduced in patients receiving lima grafts furthermore late followup indicates a significantly improved year survival rate in patients with IM artery grafts compared with those without versus p less than analysis of multiple potential risk AF for early mortality was performed using MLR and late survival using the cox PH model although unmeasured predictor variables may confound retrospective analyses lima grafting appears to be an independent predictor both of improved early and late survival
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granuloma annulare ga is limited in most cases to isolated lesions but more widespread generalized forms can be observed in both cases the treatment remains highly challenging isolated case reports suggested the interest of treating ga with a pulsed dye laser pdl
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autoradiography following hglycine gly uptake and immunocytochemistry with a glyspecific antiserum were used to identify neurons in macaca monkey retina that contain a high level of this neurotransmitter highaffinity uptake of gly was shown to be sodium dependent whereas PR of both endogenous and accumulated gly was calcium dependent SN labeling for gly included of the amacrine cells and nearly of the bipolars synaptic labeling was seen throughout the inner plexiform layer ipl but with a preferential CSD in the inner half bands of labeled puncta occurred in s s and s both light and postembedding electron microscopic em immunocytochemistry identified different types of amacrine and BP cell bodies and their synaptic terminals the most heavily labeled gly cell bodies typically were amacrine cells having a single thick basal dendrite extending deep into the ipl and at the em level electrondense cytoplasm and prominent nuclear infoldings this cell type may be homologous with the gly cell in human retina marc and liu j comp neurol and the aiigly of cat retina famiglietti and kolb BB res pourcho and goebel j comp neurol a gly amacrines synapse most frequently onto gly amacrines and both gly and gly bipolars gly BP cells appeared to be cone bipolars because their labeled dendrites could be traced only to cone pedicles the DP of these labeled dendritic trees indicated that both diffuse and midget types of biopolars were gly the em CSD of labeled synapses showed gly amacrine synapses throughout the ipl but these composed only of the amacrine population most of the gly BP terminals were in the inner ipl where of all BP terminals were labeled these findings are consistent with previous data from cats and humans and suggest that both amacrine and bipolar cells contribute to glycinemediated neurotransmission in the monkey retina
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under physiological conditions it is usually accepted that the aerobic decomposition of AS produces nitrite no and nitroxyl hno which dimerizes and leads to no no consensus has yet been established on the formation of nitric oxide no andor peroxynitrite onoo by AS because this salt has recently been shown to have pharmacological properties for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases identification of its followup reactive intermediates is of increasing importance in this work we investigated the decomposition mechanism of angelis salt by voltammetry performed at platinized carbon fiber microelectrodes by following the decomposition process of angelis salt we showed that the mechanism depends on the exp conditions under aerobic neutral and slightly alkaline conditions the formation of hno no but also of nitric oxide no was demonstrated in strongly ALP buffer ph we observed the formation of peroxynitrite onoo in the presence of oxygen these EC results are supported by comparison with uv spectrophotometry data
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the comet CA in combination with the polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin apc has been used to measure dna excision repair activity dna repair kinetics and individual dna repair capacity since apc can enhance genotoxic effects of mutagens measured by the comet assay this RPA has been proposed for increasing the sensitivity of the comet assay in human biomonitoring the apcmodified comet assay has mainly been performed with human blood and it was shown that it not only enhances the detection of dna damage repaired by nucleotide excision repair ner but also damage typically repaired by BER ber recently we reported that in contrast to blood leukocytes a cells a human A549 cell line seem to be insensitive towards the repairinhibiting action of apc to further elucidate the GA usefulness of the apcmodified comet assay for studying repair in cultured rat cells we comparatively investigated further cell lines hela tk v dna damage was induced by bpde benzoapyrenedihydrodiolepoxide and mms MMS in the absence and presence of apc or μm apc was either added for h together with the mutagen or cells were preincubated for min with apc before the mutagen was added the results indicate that the cell lines tested differ fundamentally with regard to their sensitivity and specificity towards the repairinhibiting effect of apc the actual cause for these differences is still unclear but potential molecular explanations are discussed irrespective of the underlying mechanisms our T0 revealed practical limitations of the use of the apcmodified comet CA
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cholecystokinin hepatobiliary cckhida scintigraphy is used to triage patients with chronic abdominal pain and suspected gallbladder dysfunction this T0 evaluates the predictive value of cckhida for clinical outcome after surgical and medical therapy fiftysix patients females mean age years with otherwise normal investigations including normal ultrasound fasted for more than h and then had mbq technetiummehida injected one and a half hours later ngkg cck was infused over min seventy minutes dynamic imaging commenced min prior to infusion an abnormal gallbladder ejection fraction gbef was defined as patients were treated medically or by cholecystectomy depending on the surgeons overall assessment including results of the cckhida study patient status was then obtained in patients at least months after the scan or at least month after surgery all surgical specimens were reviewed independently for pathological changes of chronic acalculous cholecystitis of the patients with an abnormal GB ejection fraction nine underwent cholecystectomy all of whom achievedbut were as resistant as the balbc mice to pafinduced mortality the effects of the paf antagonists bn and web were compared in the f hybrids it was found that mgkg of web affected pafinduced extravasation at almost all paf doses tested micrograms while mgkg of bn was only ERP at doses of paf below microgram both antagonists prevented pafinduced mortality our results indicate that the two events induced by paf may be controlled by different genes
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among SA cases cases with autoantibodies or autoimmune disorders are described all cases were females over years old and made up of the original patients over years old RA factor was observed in cases antidna antibody in cases and antimicrosomal antibody in cases four cases of SA were associated with itp or hashimotos disease or rheumatoid arthritis the presence of these autoantibodies or AD seemed to correlate with continued disease activity of sarcoidosis the analysis of the clinical features of sarcoidosis with coexistent AD may clarify immunologic processes involved in the pathogenesis of both disorders and also provide clues to understanding the relatively poor clinical outcome of longstanding SA
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bcell clonal expansions bce in young mice are transient detectable for less than weeks in contrast bce in old mice persist more than months the greater persistence of bce in old mice does not appear to be due to the age of the host as the survival of phenyloxazolone chicken serum albumininduced bce in most old mice was shorter than in young mice this raises the possibility that persistent bce seen in old mice develop over time from transient bce present earlier in life to test this hypothesis young cbl mice were immunized with hen egg lysozyme hel during the first year of life by months of age the majority of these mice had developed a benign persistent bce associated with a helspecific serum mig we also investigated whether benign persistent bce present in monthold mice can evolve into bcell lymphomas we observed that four of eight cbl mice that survived to months of age had developed diffuse C1 cell lymphomas in three of these mice this diagnosis was made by microscopic analysis of the lymphoid organs in one mouse a macroscopic lymphoma was present that permitted us to demonstrate that the igh mrna cdr length and sequence in the malignant lymphoma was derived from a persistent bce present months earlier together these observations are consistent with the hypothesis that stepwise accumulation of genetic alterations combined with darwinian selection underlies the evolution of B1 from transient bce in young mice into persistent bce SS mig and bcell lymphomas observed in older mice
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gender is a key factor operating in the health workforce recent research evidence points to systemic gender discrimination and inequalities in health preservice and inservice education and employment systems human resources for health hrh leaders and researchers lack of concerted attention to these inequalities is striking given the recognition of other forms of discrimination in international labour rights and employment law discourse if not acted upon gender discrimination and inequalities result in systems inefficiencies that impede the OD of the robust workforces needed to respond to todays critical health care needsthis commentary makes the case that there is a clear need for sex and agedisaggregated and qualitative data to more precisely illuminate genderrelated trends and dynamics in the health workforce because of their importance for measurement the paper also presents definitions and examples of sex or gender discrimination and offers TPS case examplesat a broader level the commentary argues that gender equality should be an hrh research leadership and governance priority where the aim is to strengthen health preservice and continuing professional education and employment systems to achieve better health systems outcomes including better health coverage good hrh leadership governance and management involve recognizing the diversity of health workforces acknowledging gender constraints and opportunities eliminating gender discrimination and equalizing opportunity making health systems responsive to life course events and protecting health workers labour rights at all levels a number of global national and institutionlevel actions are proposed to move the gender equality and hrh agendas forward
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