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groups of four conventional cv rats ate NK or purified diets either with or without g fatkg and drank msodium nitrate the fats tested were butterfat coconut oil olive oil maize oil and safflower oil decreased urinary excretion of nnitrosoproline npro was observed in rats fed on fatsupplemented diets compared with those fed on lowfat diets with butterfat having the greatest effect of the fats tested reduced excretion of npro was not the result of inhibition of the i.g. nnitrosation reaction or absorption of nitrosamine from the gastrointestinal tract the availability of nitrite in AQ solution was decreased by the fat diets but the effect was similar in all the fats tested nitrate reductase activity was present in the forestomach contents of cv rats at ph greater than and was apparently inhibited by feeding a fat diet no nitrate reductase activity was detected in stomach contents of GF rats nitrate reductase activity in stomach and SI tissue was not altered by FF a fat diet it was concluded that nitrate reductase activity in stomach contents was of microbial origin and the decreased urinary excretion of npro on FF the fat diets was mainly due to the inhibition of nitrate reductase activity in stomach contents
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global tctu was determined in patients without any TPS thyroid drug intake with normal thyroid with goitre and euthyroidism and with thyroid autonomy patients with autonomy and overt HT were the only group with tctu values significantly higher than normals common to all CG was a large scatter of the tctu values in the effects of individual iodine supply were studied by measuring the iodine concentration in spot urine samples there was a significant inverse correlation between the tctu values and the urinary iodine excretion in the groups of normal thyroids and of goitres with euthyroidism in the group with autonomy an effect of iodine supply could only be seen in cases of greatly increased urinary iodine excretion resulting in very low tctu values out of patients with autonomy and iodine contamination only showed overt hyperthyroidism the C1 scatter of tctu values in all groups may be explained by the persistent ID as well as by the frequent SE to unknown amounts of iodine in patients with thyroid disease therefore the spontaneous tctu alone cannot identify a small group of patients with autonomy and high risk of iodineinduced hyperthyroidism from a very large group of patients with goitre
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urinary kallikrein excretion was studied in rats bred for susceptibility and resistance to the hypertensive effect of salt the rats were on a regular rat chow diet sodium content and TW and were not hypertensive at the time of the study urinary kallikrein excretion measured by kinin radioimmunoassay was to times lower in the susceptible rats than in the resistant rats microgram hours and microgram hours respectively p less than urinary kallikrein excretion was also measured in new zealand LH and in normotensive wistarotago rats controls kallikrein was found to be significantly lower in the LH than in the controls microgram hours and microgram hours respectively however when expressed per g of body weight there was no significant difference in conclusion although urinary kallikrein excretion per rat was decreased in the genetically hypertensive rats when compared with the controls this difference could be caused by the lower body weight of the LH rats urinary kallikrein excretion when expressed per g of body weight is significantly lower in susceptible than in resistant rats this could be a consequence of a genetic defect that may play a role in the development of hypertension perhaps through alteration of renal function
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thetaburst stimulation tbs a novel repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation tms protocol is capable of suppressing the amplitude of contralateral motorevoked potentials mep for several T2 after the end of a conditioning train over the motor cortex it remains unknown whether tbs leads to effects on motor cortical excitability when applied to CL BB CS distant but connected to motor SC and whether tbs triggers measurable changes in force control subjects received bursts hz of three subthreshold magnetic stimuli repeated at hz for s tbs or s tbs over the hand area of the left motor SC mleft with tbs conditioning of RA motor cortex mright right PMd pmdright and a midoccipital mo region also were tested CS excitability was probed by evoking meps in APB apb muscle by single suprathreshold stimuli over mleft or mright before and after tbs force level control was assessed in an ISO right thumb abduction task with tbs the time course of physiological and behavioral changes was monitored tbs over either of the motor cortices reduced the amplitude of mep in the contralateral apb and increased it in the ipsilateral apb in contrast conditioning tbs over pmdright or mo did not modify mep size posttbs right thumb force level control was impaired with CL mleft stimulation only for a duration of at least min tbs may induce remote physiological effects and reveals local PET properties of the underlying brain region
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some studies have revealed gender bias against women in various aspects of medical care there is no substantial evidence of gender bias in patients undergoing CA evaluations specifically colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis of colorectal complaints this study was designed to examine the role of gender bias related to patients undergoing flexible sigmoidoscopy at the university of south florida we conducted a retrospective study of patients at three distinct flexible sigmoidoscopy clinics over several years through the proportions of male and female patients who underwent the procedure for indications of either screening for CC or the diagnosis of colorectal complaints were determined these proportions were compared with the respective male and female patient proportion from the total number of currently AS patients at each site who were eligible to have the procedure for an AGA indication at all three sites a significantly smaller proportion of women p underwent the procedure than expected this was true for both screening and diagnostic indications conversely at all sites significantly more men p underwent the procedure for both indications the results of this study suggest gender bias against women for patients undergoing FS for both screening and diagnosis this bias may adversely affect the lethality of CC in women it is important to determine if such biases are influenced by the physicians recommendation or mainly due to patient attitudes
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numerous studies have suggested a significant role of Se in the prevention of gynecological carcinoma these were epidemiological and prospective in humans and therapeutic in laboratory animals however no studies have been reported regarding the NS Se levels during pregnancy the maternal total blood volume increases during the second and third trimesters resulting in lower measured SS levels for those metabolites which are not increased significantly during pregnancy a longitudinal study of the SS Se C2 in teenage pregnancy during the last two trimesters and mo PP showed progressive elevation from microgdl after the nd week of pregnancy to microgdl at term which was statistically significant p or prenatal supplementation with mg of iron per day prevented this elevation the results of this T0 suggest that SS selenium levels in women normally double during pregnancy and this doubling is prevented by the minimal daily supplementation of mg of iron which may be due to increased absorption of selenium into the erythrocytes and incorporation into the glutathione peroxidase enzyme
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nacetylserotonin the immediate F0 of melatonin in the tryptophan metabolic pathway in the pineal gland has been reported to be an antioxidant the aim of this T0 was to test the in vitro protective effect of nacetylserotonin on the ascorbatefe induced lipid peroxidation of PUFA fatty acids pufas located in testis microsomes and mitochondria we assayed increasing concentrations mm of nacetylserotonin in testis microsomes and mm of nacetylserotonin in testis mitochondria control experiments were performed by incubating microsomal and mitochondrial membranes with nacetylserotonin in the absence of lipid peroxidationinducing drugs special attention was paid to the changes produced on the highly pufas c n and c n the CS emission chemiluminescence used as a marker of lipid peroxidation was similar in both organelles when the control and peroxidized CG were compared nacetylserotonin reduced lipid peroxidation in testicular microsomes or mitochondria for both c n and c n both long chain pufas were protected when NAS was incorporated either into microsomes or mitochondria the nacetylserotonin concentration required to inhibit by approximately lipid peroxidation process was mm in microsomes and between and mm in mitochondria ic values calculated from the inhibition curve of nacetylserotonin on the chemiluminescence rates were higher in microsomes mm than in mitochondria mm in these experimental conditions nacetylserotonin was about times more potent in testicular mitochondria in inhibiting the oxidative processes than it was in testicular microsomes these results suggest that the protective role of nacetylserotonin in preserving the long pufas may be related to its ability to reduce lipid peroxidation
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to report the frequency of methicillinresistant staphylococcus aureus mrsa infection and to compare the antimicrobial resistance patterns between communityacquired ca and nosocomial ni strains stratified for resistance to methicillin this retrospective T0 on patients under years of age was conducted from april to december in a pediatric teaching hospital in salvador brazil of s aureus strains isolated were reviewed out of which and had ca or ni infection respectively and were defined as colonization out of the nine patients with mrsa initially diagnosed as ca three were excluded from the analysis because of report of hospitalization during the previous year resistance to methicillin was more frequent among ni vs p resistance to other antimicrobials was more common among nimrsa compared with camrsa although at a low rate camrsa has occurred among children in this region
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the expression of neural cell adhesion molecule ncam was analyzed in immunohistochemical S9 from adenoid cystic carcinoma the goal was to evaluate whether ncam expression could be used as a biological marker for the perineural invasion of adenoid cystic carcinoma in the head and neck the presence of perineural invasion and ncam expression was evaluated in samples from patients perineural invasion was identified in of them a high incidence of PNI was found in adenoid cystic carcinoma in the parotid hard palate maxillary sinus and oral cavity positive ncam IF was observed in of patients of the patients with ncam IF perineural invasion was identified in in contrast only of the tumors without ncam IF had PNI the difference in ncam expression between cases with and without PNI was statistically significant p when positive ncam staining was used to estimate the presence of PNI the sensitivity was and the specificity histopathologic nodal involvement was found in of cases in which neck dissection had been performed all cases displayed positive ncam staining and displayed perineural invasion in the primary adenoid cystic carcinoma in conclusion ncam expression can to a certain extent be used as a predictor of perineural invasion in adenoid cystic carcinoma moreover lymph node metastases could serve as a clinical indicator for perineural invasion and for ncam expression
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HLA-DR hladrb has been reported to influence individuals susceptibility to nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc by many studies in recent years however these studies provided controversial results the metaanalysis was thus conducted here to estimate the relationship between hladrb polymorphisms and npc after an extensive review of journals from various databases pubmed the web of science embase china national knowledge internet cnki and wanfang DB out of casecontrol studies including cases and controls were extracted the results showed that of polymorphisms allele are statistically significantly associated with npc among them hladrb hladrb and hladrb may increase the risk of npc while hladrb has the opposite effect the pooled odds ratio and confidence interval ci were ci ci ci and ci respectively in a further ethnicitybased subgroup analysis hladrb hladrb and hladrb were found to be linked with npc in asian tunisian and caucasian respectively in asian hladrb and may elevate the risk whereas hladrb could lower it in tunisian hladrb and are the protective factors while hladrb is the only risk factor in caucasian hladrb and increase the risk and hladrb lowers it the most frequent statistically associated gene is found to be hladrb which has protective influence on asian and tunisian in conclusion hladrb drb drb and drb are related with npc susceptibility and the association of hladrb drb and drb with npc risk are significantly different in different ethnicities
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thirty guinea pig ears were studied to investigate the effect of endolymphatic hydrops on the cochlea HK solution was injected into the scala media and CMs cm and EP ep were observed before during and after the i.t. the cm amplitude decreased rapidly after injection ending in a depressed plateau value by contrast ep remained almost unchanged by changing the composition of the solution it was suggested that the effect of the injection was mechanical one rather than PSA in three ears spontaneous recovery of cm was observed during a relatively long interval T3 the injection the meaning of these findings for the hearing loss in menieres disease is discussed
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bone marrowderived stromal cells have engendered interest because of their therapeutic potential for promoting tissue vascularization and repair when mononuclear cells isolated from mouse bone marrow were cultured in dmem supplemented with fetal bovine SS cell populations arose that showed rapid proliferation and loss of contact inhibition these cells formed invasive soft tissue sarcomas T3 im injection into nude or scid mice iv i.t. resulted in the formation of tumor foci in the lungs the PT were transplantable into syngeneic immunocompetent mice direct i.t. of cultured cells into immunocompetent mice also resulted in RT formation karyotype analysis showed that increased chromosome number and multiple robertsonian translocations occurred at passage coincident with the loss of contact inhibition the remarkably rapid malignant transformation of cultured mouse bone marrow cells may have important implications for ongoing PCTs of cell therapy and for models of oncogenesis
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the proteobacteria variovorax sp wdl comamonas testosteroni wdl and hyphomicrobium sulfonivorans wdl compose a triplespecies consortium that synergistically degrades and grows on the phenylurea herbicide linuron to acquire a better insight into the interactions between the consortium members and the underlying molecular mechanisms we compared the transcriptomes of the key biodegrading strains wdl and wdl grown as biofilms in either isolation or consortium conditions by differential rnaseq analysis differentially expressed pathways and cellular systems were inferred using the networkbased algorithm phenetic coculturing affected mainly metabolism in wdl significantly enhanced expression of hyla encoding linuron hydrolase was observed moreover differential expression of several pathways involved in carbohydrate amino acid nitrogen and sulfur metabolism was observed indicating that wdl gains carbon and SE from linuron indirectly by consuming excretion products from wdl andor wdl moreover in consortium conditions wdl showed a pronounced stress response and overexpression of cell to cell interaction systems such as quorum sensing contactdependent inhibition and type vi secretion since the latter two systems can mediate interference competition it prompts the question if synergistic linuron degradation is the result of true adaptive cooperation or rather a facultative interaction between bacteria that coincidentally occupy complementary metabolic niches
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genes that are up and downregulated by thyroid hormone in the tail resorption program of xenopus laevis have been isolated by a gene expression screen sequenced and identified in the genbank data base the entire program is estimated to consist of fewer than upregulated and fewer than downregulated genes and of them respectively have been isolated and characterized upregulated genes whose function can be predicted on the basis of their CS include four transcription factors including one of the thyroid hormone receptors an EM component fibronectin and membrane receptor Int four proteinases a deiodinase that degrades thyroid hormone and a protein that binds the Thy corticotropinreleasing factor which has been implicated in controlling thyroid hormone synthesis in xenopus tadpoles all four downregulated genes encode extracellular proteins that are expressed in tadpole epidermis this survey of the program provides insights into the biology of metamorphosis
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irritable bowel syndrome ibs patients in western countries usually manifest autonomic nerve dysfunctions and abnormal psychological behaviors the purpose of this T0 was to assess whether oriental ibs patients with predominant bowel PS also exhibited similar abnormalities we enrolled ibs patients from the outpatient clinic and controls with normal daily bowel habit for study the ibs patients were further divided according to their predominant bowel habit were constipationpredominant and were diarrheapredominant sympathetic function was evaluated by sympathetic skin response ssr while vagal ACh CF was determined by measuring rr interval R2 rriv in electrocardiography during rest and DB psychological parameters were assessed by scales of the minnesota multiphasic personality inventory mmpi and the hopkins symptom checklist hscl ibs patients despite their bowel habit showed normal ssr response rriv during deep breathing was significantly lower in constipationpredominant ibs patients than in controls or diarrheapredominant ibs patients vs and p ibs patients also exhibited abnormal mmpi measuring scores on depression hysteria paranoia and masculinityfemininity scales in addition they also had more severe psychological distress in the items of hscl measurement in conclusion vagal dysfunction characterizes oriental constipationpredominant ibs patients seeking medical help abnormal psychoneurotic profiles also exist in these ibs patients irrespective of their bowel habits
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the catalytic domain of protein tyrosine phosphatase shp possesses distinct ATP specificity it recognizes the p to p residues of its substrates via the betaloopbeta region to T0 the substrate specificity further we determined the structure of the catalytic domain of shp cs complexed with a lessfavorablesubstrate peptide originated from sirpalpha the complex has disordered nterminal peptide structure and reduced interactions between the nterminal peptide and the betaloopbeta region this could be the basis for the lower affinity of peptide py for the CD of shp in addition by comparing the shplessfavorable peptide complex structure with the shpsubstrate complex structures we identified a novel substraterecognition site in the catalytic domain of shp this site was formed by helix alpha and the alphaloopalpha motif of shp and specifically bound residues at the p and further CT positions of peptide substrates
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cerebrovascular disease is a heterogeneous group of disorders which are set apart from one another by their unique pathophysiologic mechanisms and clinical manifestations when classified in this manner stroke is divided into two major categories hemorrhagic strokewhich results from rupture of a CBF blood vessel into the SAS subarachnoid hemorrhage or brain parenchyma intraparenchymal hemorrhage and ICM strokewhich results from occlusion of a cerebral artery due to degenerative vessel wall disease atherosclerosis or lipohyalinosis or emboli early recognition of the TPS stroke types promises to lead to more effective diagnosis and treatment of cerebrovascular disease
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the human metapneumovirus hmpv is a new member of the paramyxoviridae family associated with acute RTIs in humans the objective of this study was to compare the sensitivity of RT rtpcr assays performed in a lightcycler SF-36 and designed to amplify the viral nucleoprotein n matrix m fusion f phosphoprotein p and polymerase l genes in a first DUE of viral cultures with characteristics compatible with hmpv cytopathic effect the pcr positivity rates were and using primers for the n l m p and f genes in a second DUE of nasopharyngeal aspirates from children with bronchiolitis and found to be positive for the hmpv n gene the pcr positivity rates for the l m p and f genes were and respectively the analytic sensitivity of the realtime rtpcr assay for the hmpv n gene was copies using a transcribed viral plasmid in conclusion realtime pcr assays aimed at amplifying the n and l genes which are coding for two internal viral proteins appear particularly suitable for hmpv diagnostic
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the rationale for SRT srt in preterm neonates with RDS rds was presented findings on the biophysical properties of surfactant preparations based on NK components including the hydrophobic polypeptides spb and spc were discussed along with clinical experience with a reconstituted bovine LS surfactantta since the first successful clinical use of this surfactant in a number of subsequent studies have confirmed that srt can modify the course of rds AF affecting the response to surfactant replacement therapy with surfactantta were also addressed one controversial issue was the relative effectiveness of prophylactic versus rescue strategies in our recent prospective randomized trial prophylactic use of surfactantta prevented the development of rds CR and thereby reduced the incidence of chronic lung disease odds ratio reduction p this T0 differed from other similar studies of different surfactants in that only babies with documented surfactant deficiency were included our recent in vivo studies showed that surfactantta is superior to survanta and to totally synthetic surfactants available for clinical use
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the pressurevolume index pvi technique of bolus manipulation of cerebrospinal fluid csf was used to measure neural axis volume buffering capacity and resistance to absorption of csf ro in shuntdependent hydrocephalic children acutely ill from shunt malfunction all children had had ventricles that were near normal or subnormal in size when the shunts were functioning the mean intracranial pressure icp sigma sd at the time of revision was mm hg the mean measured pvi standard error of the mean was ml compared to the normal pvi of ml sd predicted for these children according to paired ttests these measured values were similar to those predicted on the basis of neural axis volume for each child indicating that these children had normal neural axis volume buffering capacity while the T0 was in progress abrupt increases of icp were documented in all children these waves were observed spontaneously as well as in response to the addition of volume to the neural axis in each child a specific threshold pressure along the pressurevolume curve corresponded to the appearance of unstable icp the threshold pressures at which this occurred corresponded to a mean neural axis compliance of mlmm hg sd the ro varied as a function of icp the ro measured at icps below mm hg ranged from to mm hgmlmin and rose to to mm hgmlmin at pressures in the to mm hg range the results of this T0 indicate that neural axis volume buffociation class iii or iv CHF intravenous MIL mean microgramskg and PL were randomly po just before maximal progressive upright cycle ergometry the duration of exercise was significantly longer with milrinone than with placebo treatment placebo minutes MIL T2 p compared with PL milrinone caused a higher peak oxygen uptake placebo mlkgmin MIL mlkgmin p and oxygen uptake at the anaerobic threshold placebo mlkgmin milrinone mlkgmin p at peak exercise intensity systolic blood pressure placebo mm hg milrinone mm hg p and HR rate placebo beatsmin milrinone beatsmin p were both increased with MIL likewise at matched submaximal exercise intensities heart rate placebo bpm milrinone bpm p less than and systolic blood pressure placebo mm hg milrinone mm hg p were higher with milrinone plasma norepinephrine PL ngliter milrinone ngliter p and blood lactate concentrations PL mm MIL mm p less than were lowerabstract truncated at words
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the oropharynx stripped of the tonsils and the excessive mucosal folds T3 the uvulopalatopharyngoplasty operation allows a closed observation of the outline of the pharyngeal muscles fortytwo consecutive patients undergoing uvolopalatopharyngoplasty were subjected to peroral examination of the OP combined with nasendoscopic examination of the velopharyngeal valve at rest the OP of the patients with coronal closure patterns was found to be flat relative to the OP of the patients with the other closure patterns during closure of the velopharyngeal valve an anteroposterior movement of the velum forming the nasendoscopic coronal closure DP was observed in patients with a flat oropharynx on the other hand a medial movement of the pharyngeal walls was found forming the circular or sagittal closure pattern seen in patients with a deep oropharynx our conclusion is therefore that a different muscular orientation is responsible for both the different pharyngeal configuration at rest and the different contribution of the lateral and posterior pharyngeal walls to VP valve closure
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experiments were performed in anesthetized rats to study the relationship between loop of henle perfusion rate arterial pressure and stopflow pressure sfp as an index of glomerular capillary pressure in one set of experiments we measured the sfp FB response to changes in loop perfusion at three levels of arterial pressure the maximum sfp response fell significantly from to and mmhg when arterial pressure was reduced from to and mmhg in other experiments arterial pressure was altered while loop perfusion rate was fixed at one of three levels without loop perfusion sfp changed with a Mw of mmhgmmhg in the arterial pressure range between and mmhg during perfusion at the flow rate at which response is half maximum the Mw was significantly reduced to during perfusion at nlmin it was a value not significantly different from zero during dopamine administration microgramskg min sfp was pressuredependent even during loop perfusion at nlmin these results show that arterial pressure determines tgf responsiveness and that the tgf signal determines the range of a RII input that is directly dependent on arterial pressure
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posterior fossa strokes account for about of ischaemic strokes in children although motor and dysautonomic symptoms are common to our knowledge cognitive and affective deficits have not been described in the paediatric literature our aim therefore was to describe these symptoms and deficits
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a yearold patient with metastatic RCC was treated with fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy to a hemorrhagic pons metastasis he then developed multiple cystic BB lesions suggestive of diffuse M1 spread however further workup revealed abscesses from bronchopneumonia diagnose to ACh agonists we found that short application of the fmrfamide af produced modulation long lasting potentiation of the peak membrane potential response to acetylcholine but not to levamisole since lev preferentially activates ltype acetylcholine receptors we also tested the effect of NIC selective activator of ntype acetylcholine receptors and bephenium selective activator of btype acetylcholine receptors and found again no effect of af on peak membrane potential responses we then tested atropine on the af potentiation of acetylcholine and found it to inhibit the peak potentiation suggesting that af receptors interact with muscarinic receptors to produce the potentiation of acetylcholine we saw similar atropine sensitive potentiation of acetylcholine responses in our muscle contraction experiments the potentiation of the acetylcholine responses shows that nematode acetylcholine receptors are capable of a level of STDP a model involving calcium PR from the sarcoplasmic reticulum cam kinase calcineurin muscarinic receptors and af receptors is proposed to explain our observations these observations are important because they point to a pharmacological approach that may be developed to counter resistance to cholinergic anthelmintics
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this pilot study aimed to explore relationships between metabolic and lung functions in patients with schizophrenia eighty patients with schizophrenia â ± years underwent a spirometry were screened for metabolic syndrome mets performed a min walk test mwt and completed the international PCS activity questionnaire and the psychosis DUE tool for common use by caregivers patients with mets according to the IDF criteria n had a reduced predicted forced expiratory volume for second ± versus ± and predicted forced vital capacity ± versus ± significantly more patients with mets were diagnosed with restrictive lung dysfunction rld according to the global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease criteria versus schizophrenia patients with rld n had a significantly larger waist circumference ± versus ± cm were less physically AS ± versus ± metabolic equivalent minweek and walked less on the mwt ± versus ± m than patients without rld the present data suggest that in patients with schizophrenia rld might be associated with metabolic dysfunctions further prospective analyses are required to elucidate the complex interrelationships between lung and metab are structurally similar to native epidermis with a PET permeability barrier we exposed a pure population of hescipscderived KCs whose transcriptome corresponds to the gene signature of normal primary human keratinocytes nhks to a sequential hightolow humidity environment in an ALI SC the resulting hees had all of the cellular strata of the human epidermis with skin barrier properties similar to those of NS such hees generated from diseasespecific ipscs will be an invaluable tool not only for dissecting molecular mechanisms that lead to epidermal barrier defects but also for drug OD and screening
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the effects of adjacent segment degeneration asd T3 spinal F0 of vertebral fractures have previously not been demonstrated in patients with traumarelated paraplegia the aim of this T0 was to evaluate the role of asd in patients with paraplegia caused by vertebral fractures and to observe whether there is a difference between unilateral or combined spinal fusion in LT results regarding the degeneration of cranial or caudal adjacent spinal segments a total of paraplegic patients with an average age of years who underwent spinal F0 of vertebral fractures were observed in a retrospective longitudinal study with a followup period of years conventional xâray images and magnetic resonance imaging mri scans were used to assess the asd in the adjacent free vertebral segments cranial and caudal to the spinal F0 using the following elements ventral spondylophytes intervertebral space intervertebral disc signal in mri posterior spondylophytes facet joint arthrosis bone bridging and ossification of the ALL additionally the classification by the american spinal injury association asia impairment scale and spinal cord independence measure version score were surveyed the âyear incidence of radiographically detectable asd was in this study the majority of asds were observed in the cranial segments adjacent to the interbody F0 the dorsoventral spinal fusion showed the least effects on the adjacent segments in conclusion a concept of prompt surgery using short dorsoventral segment F0 carried out by an interdisciplinary paralysis center is recommended the role of natural degeneration processes and whether they are influenced by iatrogenic manipulation through the vertebral stabilization is unclear for this reason it is important to further investigate strategies for asd rral gene
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oncologists usually base treatment decision on the assessment of patients performance status ps this T0 was undertaken to explore the ability of kps to correctly assess the ps of elderly CA patients comparing it to a validated geriatric tool named physical performance test ppt one single examiner assessed elderly CA patients ps at registration in our institution and performed the ppt on patients with kps ⥠a sample of patients actually underwent ppt a low refusal rate was observed most patients had a high ps kps ⥠whereas only had no health impairment according to ppt scores patients gender and disease stage did not correlate with ppt scores the kps seems to be a less accurate tool than the ppt to assess functional status of elderly CA patients then ppt could be used as an inclusion criterion instead of kps before cancer treatment decision
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circularly polarized luminescence cpl the differential emission of left and RH circularly polarized light from a molecule is modeled by using timedependent density functional theory calculations of the cpl spectra for the first electronic excited states of dcamphorquinone and sstransbetahydrindanone under the franckcondon approximation and using various functionals are presented as well as calculations of absorption emission and circular dichroism spectra the functionals blyp bhlyp and camblyp are employed along with the tzvp and augccpvdz gaussiantype basis sets for the lowestenergy transitions all functionals and basis sets perform comparably with the longrangecorrected camblyp better reproducing the excitation SE of camphorquinone but leading to a blue shift with respect to experiment for hydrindanone the vibrationally resolved spectra of camphorquinone are very well reproduced in terms of peak location widths shapes and intensities the spectra of hydrindanone are well reproduced in terms of overall envelope shape and width as well as the lack of prominent vibrational structure in the emission and cpl spectra overall the simulated spectra compare well with experiment and reproduce the band shapes emission red shifts and presence or absence of visible vibrational fine structure
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monospecific antibodies against components of the guinea pig hageman factordependent system such as hageman factor prekallikrein and highmolecularweight hmw kininogen were prepared these antibodies demonstrated the presence of all of these components in the normal guinea pig skin extract with the properties identical to them in plasma on western immunoblotting analysis guinea pig macroalbumin which is a L1 circulating inhibitor of activated hageman factor was immunologically depleted from three animals duration of a VP reaction caused by an intradermal i.t. of G1 hageman factor was prolonged in all of these guinea pigs approximately twice as long as the control indicating a presence of negative FB regulation of the hageman factordependent kinin generation cascade in dermal tissue via the circulating KPI
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in our previous T0 we investigated ammoniafree phosphatebondedout pregnancy and lactation male and female F1 were implanted with radiotelemeters for recording of blood pressure HR rate and activity at and days of age reactivity to acetylcholine and to nitric oxide were assessed in isolated small mesenteric arteries from and dayold littermates systolic blood pressure awake phase was raised in female F1 days F1 of control mm hg n versus F1 of lardfed n p days offspring of control mm hg n versus offspring of lardfed n p diastolic blood pressure was also raised at days offspring of control mm hg n versus offspring of lardfed n p blood pressure was not raised in male offspring EDR to acetylcholine was blunted in male and female F1 of lardfed dams and days FF a diet rich in lard to Pr rats leads to genderrelated cardiovascular dysfunction in normally fed F1
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the effects of combination naltrexonebupropion therapy on body composition and VAT vat mass were examined in a subset n of obese subjects from a phase trial that compared the efficacy and safety of PL NAL monotherapy BUP monotherapy or one of three naltrexonebupropion dose combinations for weeks body composition data were obtained using DE xray absorptiometry and computed tomography eighty subjects completed the substudy naltrexonebupropion resulted in WL and a greater reduction in body fat ± than PL ± naltrexone monotherapy ± and bupropion monotherapy ± all p reduction in vat mass was also greater with naltrexonebupropion ± than placebo ± NAL monotherapy ± and BUP monotherapy ± all p reductions in body fat and vat mass with naltrexonebupropion were proportional with weight loss weight loss with naltrexonebupropion was not associated with a greater relative reduction in LM than placebo or the monotherapies
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the T0 which included data of patients with the OJ proved that the clinical presentation and laboratory tests have secondary role in diagnosing the level of the biliary block among diagnostic means of detecting the etiology of the obstruction were the ultrasound investigation n the magnetic resonance cholangiopanreatography n the multispiral computed tomograpth n the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopanreatography n and the transcutaneous transhepatic cholangiopanreatography n flaws and pros of all the methods were thoroughly analyzed the endoscopic n and transcutaneous transhepatic cholangiostomy n were used for biliary decompression the comparative analysis of both diagnostic and treatment means allowed the creation of stage algorithm the tau of the last for patients with the OJ was
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pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis is a rare disease of unknown aetiology in which calcium phosphate microliths are deposited bilaterally throughout the lung parenchyma the total number of reported cases is about a case of pulmonary AM microlithiasis is presented in a year old man for whom the diagnosis was confirmed by histology via transbronchial biopsy during a year observation period there was no increase of the disease according to xray investigations and with respect to clinical symptoms
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it has been suggested that occupational SE to QA EDC qacs may promote the OD of allergic airway diseases in this study hazard identifications of the adjuvant effect of cetylpyridinium chloride cpc DDA dda hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide hta and TEA tea were performed in a screening bioassay female balbc mice were injected subcutaneously with the MM allergen ovalbumin ova CT or together with different quantities of one of the qac test EDC T3 one or two boosters levels of ovaspecific ige igg and igga antibodies were measured in sera cpc and dda increased ige and igg antibody production respectively compared to the ova control group whereas hta and tea showed no adjuvant effect nevertheless when tea was given in combination with dda the adjuvant effect was up to sixfold higher than the adjuvant effect of dda alone only dda had a statistically significant adjuvant effect on igga antibody C2
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timedependent removal of the coohterminal lysine residue from each S1 of tissue mm creatine kinase by plasma carboxypeptidase n produces two additional isoforms that are readily separated thereby permitting CS early detection of AIM only two isoforms of mb creatine kinase have been detected in plasma leading to speculation that the coohterminal lysine on the b S1 is resistant to hydrolysis to define the PSA changes resulting in mb creatine kinase isoform conversion we incubated highly purified mb creatine kinase from canine myocardium with plasma CP n quantitative anionexchange chromatography of incubation mixtures and serial plasma samples from dogs subjected to coronary occlusion revealed a second more acidic form evolved with time that was separated from the tissue isoform cyanogen bromide digestion of the two isoforms followed by amino acid sequencing of coohterminal MMP showed that mb creatine kinase undergoes removal of the coohterminal lysine residue from both m and b subunits an intermediate form lacking lysine on the m subunit was delineated during incubations by the combined use of AEC and conventional electrophoretic techniques thus sequential cleavage of lysine from subunits of mb creatine kinase produces an intermediate isoform that has not been detected previously because of difficulties separating it from the tissue and fully converted isoforms
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stereoselective glucuronidation of the chiral drug OX by hepatic microsomes from rabbits pretreated with various inducers was used to characterize induced udpglucuronyltransferase gt enzymes the enzymes were induced by i.c.v. of rabbits with phenobarbital ddt methylcholanthrene betanaphthoflavone ethanol transstilbene oxide pregnenolone alphacarbonitrile aroclor and CPIB hepatic microsomes from induced and control animals were incubated with racemic oxazepam and the activator lubrol px relative amounts of the diastereomeric betaglucuronides were determined by hplc significant differences were found in enantiomeric selectivity among the microsomes from rabbits pretreated with different inducers the largest difference in diastereomeric glucuronide ratios observed was between control rs and betanaphthoflavoneinduced microsomes rs this demonstrated a significant NC in enantiomeric selectivity by the enzymes changing from preference for the s enantiomer in controls to its r antipode T3 induction differences in stereoselectivity between two members of a class of inducers such as methylcholanthrene rs and betanaphthoflavone rs provided evidence for possible distinctions between these similar inducers inducers of gt udpglucuronyltransferase enzyme forms such as methylcholanthrene betanaphthoflavone and aroclor did not increase the rate of formation of OX glucuronides all other inducers except ddt increased the rate of oxazepam glucuronidation by with the highest rate nmolmin x mg protein occurring after transstilbene oxide induction udpnacetylglucosamine was also used as an activator to provide a comparison of the lubrolactivated microsomes with the endogenous activator relative differences among inducers were approximately the same with both activatorsabstract truncated at words
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we defined the atrial strengthinterval relation in patients at CLs of and msec before and after procainamide the atrial diastolic threshold was similar at cycle lengths of and msec but the threshold at msec was significantly higher than that determined at and msec both before and after PA PA significantly increased the diastolic threshold only at a cycle length of msec the strengthinterval relation was nonlinear showing progressively decreasing decrements in the measured refractory period as the stimulating current was increased progressive decreases in the drive cycle length from to to msec caused similar decreases in refractory periods the shape of the curves was similar at CLs of and msex however at low current strengths the Mw of the curve determined at msex was significantly more vertical than the slopes of the curves at the longer drive CLs procainamide caused similar increases in apparent refractory periods at each paced cycle length PA did not alter the shape of the curves at any paced cycle length these observations confirm the importance of stimulation frequency on atrial excitability they suggest that the effects of PA on the ERP refractory period of the atrium are not cycle length dependent although the drug effects on threshold are dependent on the drive cycle length
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preoperative chemoradiotherapy has emerged in the treatment of esophageal cancer as a means to downstage PT improve LC and possibly improve overall survival however there are concerns that postoperative complications may be increased by preoperative chemoradiotherapy we review the rationale for preoperative chemoradiotherapy we review the literature to identify the potential postoperative complications the risk of complications and the risk AF for complications although individual and previous studies have shown an increased risk of postoperative complications the most recent randomized trials published after the year have not shown an increase in postoperative complications and mortality rates in patients treated with preoperative chemoradiation compared with patients treated with surgery alone pulmonary complications are frequently reported and we focus on dosimetric factors that can be used to minimize lung toxicity several dosevolumehistogram parameters including v⥠v⥠v⥠have been shown to correlate with to of pulmonary complications including pneumonia and acute RDS more recent evidence has suggested that an absolute volume of lung spared doses of gy vs correlates with pulmonary complications as these data show lowdose volume may be more important in the prevention of pulmonary complications than highdose volume these dosimetric constraints can be used by physicians to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications in patients treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy
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the bispectral index bis has been recently shown to objectively predict the level of sedation in patients undergoing conscious sedation it was the goal of this T0 to directly compare the REC profile of patients where the bis was used to monitor sedation with a control group where the monitor was not used
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we observed the new onset of severe obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome osas in an AD male patient during hGH hgh replacement therapy this prompted us to evaluate the potential influence of hgh substitution therapy on sleep in MA men
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by its destructive effect on the small lymphocyte cortisone was used to separate the tlymphocyte from other cells which might be found in the same areas a reticular cell showing a predominant nucleotidasic activity distinct from that of the phosphatasic acid appeared to be a component of the thymusdependent areas in the splenic white pulp of rat TPS correlations seem to exist between this Rt cell and tlymphocytes this histoenzymatic feature involves the Rt cell in the process of maturation of the small lymphocyte
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palonosetron hydrochloride is a relatively LA selective ht receptor antagonist that has been approved for the prevention of chemotherapyinduced NV and is being evaluated for the prevention of postoperative NV the objective of this T0 was to evaluate the physical and chemical stability of palonosetron hydrochloride mcgml when mixed with gentamicin sulfate mgml metronidazole mgml or vancomycin hydrochlois and angiogenesis within the first days from the th postoperative day on the newly formed bone displayed progressive thickening until the th postoperative day when the defect margins presented a compact bone structure furthermore the statistical analysis of the histometric data did not reveal any significant hypertension effect on bone healing in the defect area these results suggest that bone healing was not different between SH rats and control rats
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bladder control problems especially urinary incontinence ui and urinary freqency and urgency are prevalent among older adults the purpose of this project was to determine older adults educational needs preferred format and interest in bladder control educational materials eightyone older adults participated in focus groups conducted at senior centers churches and senior apartment dwellings located in philadelphia pa a doctorally prepared nurse acted as the moderator using a questionnaiic psychrotrophic coliform staphylococcus aureus and salmonella spp counts only mesophilic counts decreased p T3 training in two of three farms studied although important to assess the overall quality of milk microbiological parameters should not be used alone for the DUE of gmp effectiveness for goat milkers
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the authors examined the rates of atypical depression and prevalence of TPS atypical PS in patients with seasonal versus nonseasonal depression fiftythree patients with seasonal affective disorder sad were compared to patients with nonseasonal L1 depressive disorder mdd using the AD diagnostic scale adds sad patients scored significantly higher than nonseasonal mdd patients in hyperphagia and hypersomnia and significantly lower in interpersonal sensitivity and other rejection avoidance there was no difference in the rate of adds diagnosis of atypical depression differences between AD and sad suggest that they are separate subtypes of depression with an overlapping symptom picture
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yrold children in harare and in rural areas of mashonaland and central province zimbabwe were examined for dental caries in of children in the urban area and in the rural had caries p less than the mean dmft in urban and rural Az was and respectively p girls had higher C2 of caries than boys most of the caries occurred on occlusal surfaces and first molars were the most affected of all teeth caries experience was similar to that reported yr previously in zimbabwe and similar to that found recently in yrolds in kenya and tanzania the authors question whether in fact developing countries having high or increasing C2 of caries in yrolds constitute the exception or the rule with regard to trends in dental caries prevalence
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when nearthreshold electrical stimulation is used to evoke EDs in BB slices a latent period of up to msec elapses before the discharge begins during this period most SN are silent and abnormal electrical activity is difficult to detect with microelectrodes a fundamental question about epileptiform activity concerns how synchronous discharges arise abruptly in a relatively quiescent slice this issue was addressed here by using voltage imaging techniques to T0 EDs in rat piriform cortex slices these experiments revealed two distinct forms of electrical activity during the LP a steeply increasing depolarization referred to here as onset activity has been described previously and occurs at the site of discharge onset a sustained depolarization that precedes ON activity referred to here as plateau activity has not been described previously plateau and onset activity occurred in different subregions of the endopiriform nucleus a region of high seizure susceptibility when cobalt or kynurenic acid was applied focally to inhibit EA at the site of plateau activity discharges were blocked however application of these agents to other nearby sites except the site of onset failed to block discharges plateau activity represents a novel form of EA that precedes and is necessary for EDs discharges thus are generated in a sequential process by two spatially distinct neuronal circuits the first circuit amplifies and sustains activity initiated by the CS- and the second generates the actual discharge in response to an excitatory drive from the first
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regeneration of CNS system cns axons has been studied in the ACh septohippocampal system using various bridges able to support fiber growth in this study a pure schwann cell sc suspension labeled with bisbenzimide hoechst was grafted in the lesioned septohippocampal pathway at weeks postgrafting acetylcholinesterase achepositive SF invaded the VG and grew in association with the hoechstlabeled sc some of which expressed the lowaffinity nerve growth factor receptor ngfr at months and months postgrafting the dorsal hippocampus was reinnervated with an apparently normal innervation pattern analysis of fiber growth in the hippocampus at four months postgrafting revealed a significant increase of reinnervation in the grafted animals mm compared to the nongrafted ones no difference was observed in the number of cholinergic septal neurons expressing the ngfr these results demonstrate that a sc suspension grafted into the lesioned septohippocampal system integrates well into the host tissue and supports axonal cns outgrowth implying that sc by themselves provide an adequate environment for regeneration to occur
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to determine the risk of bladder cancer following enteric bladder augmentation
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glucosephosphate dehydrogenase gpd is a key enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway that ensures sufficient production of coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate nadph by catalyzing the reduction of nadp to nadph noteworthy the latter mediates the production of ROS species ros by phagocytic cells such as neutrophils and monocytes therefore patients with severe forms of gpd deficiency may present impaired NOX activity and become susceptible to recurrent infections this fact highlights the importance to characterize the immunopathologic mechanisms underlying the susceptibility to infections in patients with gpd deficiency here we report the first two cases of gpd deficiency with bacille calmetteguérin bcg adverse effect besides jaundice hemolytic anemia and recurrent infections caused by staphylococcus aureus the qualitative gpd screening was performed and followed by OB analysis using flow cytometry genetic and in silico analyses were carried out by sanger sequencing and mutation pathogenicity predicted using bioinformatics tools respectively G1 neutrophils and monocytes from patients displayed impaired oxidative burst the genetic analysis revealed the novel missense mutation ctaplq in gpd in addition in silico analysis indicated that this mutation is pathogenic thereby hampering the OB of neutrophils and monocytes from patients our data expand the clinical and genetic spectrum of gpd deficiency and suggest that impaired oxidative burst in this severe primary immune deficiency is an underlying immunopathologic mechanism that predisposes to mycobacterial infections
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in this paper we investigated the reliability of a carparrinello molecular dynamics cpmd RPA to characterize the binding of coii metal cation to peptide molecules containing cysteine to this end we compared pseudopotentials and dft plane wave expansion which are used as key ingredients in the cpmd method with standard allelectron gaussian basis set dft calculations the simulations presented here are the first attempts to characterize interactions and dynamics of coii metal with the building blocks of phytochelatin peptide molecules benchmark calculations are performed on cocysh and coglutathioneh complexes since they are the main fragments of the coiicys and coiiglutathione systems found in gas phase electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry esims experiments done in our laboratory we also present benchmark calculations on the coho cluster with direct comparisons to highly correlated ab initio calculations and experiments in particular we investigated the dissociation path of one water molecule from the first hydration shell of coii with cpmd overall our molecular dynamics simulations shed some CS on the nature of the coii interaction and CR in coiiphytochelatin building block systems related to the biological and environmental activity of the metal either in the gas or liquid phase
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labonachip technologies have the potential to deliver significant technological advances in modern biomedicine through the ability to provide appropriate lowcost microenvironments for screening cells however to date few studies have investigated the suitability of polydimethylsiloxane pdms for live CC here we describe an inexpensive method for production of reusable opticalgrade pdms microculture chips which provide a static and selfcontained microwell system analogous to conventional polystyrene multiwell plates we use these structures to probe the effects of pdms upon live cell culture bioassays using timelapse fluorescence imaging to explore the toxicity of the ATP we use three MM systems to explore the tau of the microstructured devices i live cell SC ii adenoviral gene delivery to rat cells and iii gravity enforced formation of multicellular RT spheroids mcts results show that pdms is nontoxic to cells as their viability and growth characteristic in pdmsbased platforms is comparable to that of their PS counterparts
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synovial chondromatosis sc of the temporomandibular joint tmj is a rare disease that is characterized by the development of nodules of cartilage within the synovial connective tissues of articulating joints reports of extracapsular tmj sc are rare a case is presented of primary sc of the tmj with extension to the pterygoid plates with a suspected traumatic etiology the differences between primary and AA sc are discussed
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the endocytosis of C1 unilamellar liposomes composed of phosphatidylcholine by the cultured chinese hamster v cells is demonstrated with electron microscopy cytochemistry a novel cytochemical marker brclindolylphosphate bcip is used this marker is a soluble and colorless substrate for the lysosomal acid phosphatase and can be readily entrapped in liposomes the product of the enzymatic reaction brclhydroxy indole rapidly selfcondenses and becomes an insoluble derivative of indigo blue in thin section transmission electron microscopy the condensed product appears as electrondense deposits in the lysosomes since the electrondense deposit only appears when the endocytosed liposomes are delivered to the lysosomes as the result of phagosomelysosome fusion this marker provides a unique cytochemical means to reveal those liposomes that are lysosomotropic and are actually decomposed within the lysosomes no electrondense deposits are found in the liposometreated cells in the presence of chloroquine or a combination of nan and deoxyglucose as a comparison we have also used horseradish peroxidase entrapped in liposomes to confirm the endocytic uptake of liposomes using a radioactive marker ilabeled lysozyme entrapped in liposomes it is shown that about of liposome uptake by v cells is due to endocytosis
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previous earthquakerelated studies mostly focused on the prevalence and risk AF of posttraumatic stress disorder ptsd and there are only a few articles on the subsequent LT outcomes of earthquakes this study aimed to investigate the longterm impact of the wenchuan earthquake on the quality of life qol of surviving senior high school students years postdisaster and to clarify whether ptsd was a mediator in the relationship of earthquakerelated SE and qol the T0 collected survivors selfreport questionnaires on sociodemographic data earthquakerelated experiences ptsd symptoms pclc and qol whoqolbref the results showed that earthquakerelated exposure experiences were negatively associated with qol scores and the severity of ptsd symptoms was significantly and negatively related to qol scores structural equation model sem analysis showed that earthquakerelated SE was directly related to the severity of ptsd symptoms while insignificantly directly related to qol therefore earthquakerelated exposure was indirectly related to qol totally mediated by severity of ptsd symptoms ptsd was a mediator in the relationship between earthquakerelated exposure and qol among adolescents earthquakerelated exposure affected the survivors qol mainly mediated by the ptsd symptoms that developed therefore to improve the qol of the survivors T3 an earthquake more attention should be paid to survivors who have ptsd PS
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a well SP assay has been devised for estimation of sublethal metabolic activity for EDC po to in vitro cell cultures during and h exposures this screen combines a resazurin reduction assay with lactate production and glucose consumption rate assays to assess effects of EDC on both culture viability and metabolic inhibition in this article the CA is demonstrated by determining the extent to which five glycolysis inhibitors namely phloretin deoxyglucose iodoacetate fluoride and oxamate induce metabolic inhibition without cell death for in vitro fibroblast cell cultures during h exposures iodoacetate was found to be the most potent inhibitor of glycolysis whereas IAA and phloretin were most cytolethal deoxyglucose had the largest sublethal metabolic range spanning just over two orders of magnitude in concentrations between its ic values for cytolethality and MI this method provides a simple and inexpensive way to determine global metabolic and cytolethal effects of compounds for in vitro CC systems it should be of use directly for largescale screening and ranking of compounds during drug discovery and development in conjunction with or following some more direct measure of therapeutic tau of a prospective drug candidate moreover firsthand determination of the concentrations over which a compound has lethal sublethal metabolic or no such effects should serve as a costeffectillected saliva at time points on postoperative day collection time was measured with a stopwatch and flow rate was calculated by dividing the amount in milliliters by collection time in minutes attrition was due to ineligibility after enrollment and withdrawal in participating patients n there were tests planned and were missing the reasons were postoperative health problems hospital discharge and not wanting to be bothered when saliva collection attempts were made threefourths were successful but the remainder resulted in dry mouth milliliters minutes and flow rate were calculated with and without those with dry mouth mean flow rates were to mlmin excluding those with dry mouth and to mlmin including those with dry mouth saliva variables were correlated with antihypertension medications opioids opioid side effects and length of surgery but statistically significant correlations were not found consistently at all time points the findings suggest that nurseresearchers studying biological markers can successfully collect saliva from postoperative patients if they recognize the difficulties and make efforts to minimize and control for them
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recently mutations of telomerase reverse transcriptase tert promoter were found in several types of CA a few reports demonstrate tert promoter mutations in ovarian CC carcinomas but endometrial CC carcinoma has not been studied the aims of this study were to compare differences of molecular alterations and clinical factors and identify their prognostic impact in endometrial and ovarian clear cell carcinomas we evaluated mutations of the tert promoter and pikca expression of arida and other clinicopathological factors in ovarian and endometrial CC carcinomas we found that tert promoter mutations were present in of endometrial clear cell carcinomas and of ovarian clear cell carcinomas compared with ovarian clear cell carcinomas endometrial CC carcinomas showed older mean patient age p preserved arida immunoreactivity p and infrequent pikca mutation p in ovarian CC carcinomas tert promoter mutations were correlated with patient age p and preserved arida expression p in cases of endometrial CCC tert promoter mutations were not statistically associated with any other clinicopathological factors in ovarian clear cell carcinoma patients with early figo stage stages i and ii tert promoter mutation was an independent prognostic factor and correlated with a shorter diseasefree survival and overall survival p and respectively in recurrent ovarian clear cell carcinoma patients with early figo stage tert promoter mutations were associated with early relapse within months p we concluded that tert promoter mutations were present in endometrial and ovarian clear cell carcinomas distinct molecular alteration patterns in endometrial and ovarian CC carcinomas implied different processes of tumorigenesis in these morphologically similar PT in ovarian clear cell carcinoma of early figo stage patients with tert promoter mutation require close followup during the initial months following chemotherapy
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a convenience sample of participants was used to examine the construct validity and sensitivity of four localized discomfort instruments and the severity of clients with carpal tunnel syndrome using the known group method three CG known to have severe mild or no carpal tunnel syndrome based on either nerve conduction studies or an inability to CR a PCS challenge exercise were used the participants rated the amount of localized discomfort for one hand wrist and arm on four different instruments following a physical challenge strenuous enough to result in an increase in localized discomfort the four instruments were readministered the difference in the pre and posttest scores was compared for both sensitivity and validity the ease of administration of the four instruments was also assessed all four instruments were found to demonstrate sensitivity two of the four instruments the unipolar borg scale and the first visual analog scale were found to be most valid and easiest to administer occupational health nurses could use these two valid and sensitive tools as early markers for future injury the tools also could be used to measure the progress of an intervention or therapy following an injury and gauge readiness for return to work
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indications for surgery operative procedures and the early and late sequelae of surgery for crohns ileocolitis have been studied in a series of patients admitted to mount sinai hospital NY between and the most common indications for surgery were smallbowel one in ileocolitis and medical intractability in crohns colitis early postoperative complications within days of surgery followed operative procedures and were most commonly wound infections intraabdominal abscess and postoperative intestinal one late sequelae days to years following surgery included intestinal one in patients external CCF in patients and ileostomy problems in patients and were most frequently caused by recurrent disease in the terminal portion of the ileum mortality following surgery for crohns disease may be subdivided into two CG early and late all eight early postoperative deaths were secondary to sepsis present in every instance prior to operation the eight late deaths were caused by M1 CA in six and recurrent disease in two resection of excluded segments of bowel as in four of the patients in this series will reduce the late CA risk
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the in vitro response of murine lymphocytes to allogeneic and mitogenic stimulation has been studied by using the nontoxic fluorescent dna probe hoechst and a fluorescence flow cytometercell sorter under AGA conditions two peaks of fluorescent intensity not related to cellular dna content can be seen as early as hr T3 SC set up lymphocyte activation can be identified it appears that hoechstlabeled lymphocytes of higher fluorescence intensity represent those cells activated by allogeneic stimulation whereas cells obtained from the lower intensity peak are nonresponding lymphocytes
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the purpose of the current investigation was to assess the effect of an acute bout of whole body vibration wbv exercise on muscle force SO and motor neuron excitability nineteen recreationally trained collegeaged males were randomly assigned to a wbv n or a sham s n group the wbv group completed a series of static body weight squats on a vibrating platform at hz and an amplitude of approximately mm vertical whereas the s group performed the same series of exercises but without vibration measurements were performed before pre and then immediately postexercise imm post minutes postexercise min post or T2 postexercise min post during different testing sessions the measurements involved a ballistic ISO maximum voluntary contraction mvc of the triceps surae muscle complex and electrical stimulation of the tibial nerve for assessment of motor neuron excitability by analyzing hreflex and mwave responses hmaxmmax ratio electromyography was also obtained from the triceps surae muscle complex during the mvcs the wbv group significantly p or increased PF at imm post and min post no significant change in peak force was observed in the s group no significant changes were observed in either group for average integrated emg hmaxmmax ratio or rate of force development at imm post min post or min post the results from this investigation indicate that an acute bout of static body weight squat exercises combined with wbv increases muscle force SO up to minutes postexercise however this increase in muscle force is not accompanied by a significant increase in motor neuron excitability or muscle activation thus it is plausible to use wbv as a method for acute increase in muscle force output for athletes immediately before competition
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antisera against the circadian clock proteins period per and timeless tim were used to construct a detailed time course of per and tim expression and subcellular localization in a subset of the VL SN vlns in the drosophila accessory medulla ame these neurons which express pigmentdispersing factor play a CE role in the control of behavioral rhythms the data revealed several unexpected features of the circadian clock in drosophila first tim but not per was restricted to the cytoplasm of vlns throughout most of the early night second the timing of tim and per nuclear accumulation was substantially different third the two subsets of vlns the large and small vlns had a similar timing of per nuclear accumulation but differed by hr uce the energies from ab initio calculations revealed that the orbital scheme localized at one alc fragment possesses an orbital sextet with a large homolumo gap this is in L1 with the criteria of aromaticity the idea of aromaticity was sustained also by qualitative valence bond reasons enumerating the different resonance structures by means of graph theoretical methods
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certain congenital malformations affecting the rightsided cavities of the heart and accompanied by a diminished pulmonary blood flow can be improved by an endtoside anastomosis between the RPA and the superior VC nine out of the patients who underwent the T0 survived the results have been very impressive in six patients with TA who were critically ill the anoxemic episodes ceased CR and cyanosis has disappeared three cases of ebsteins anomaly have also been improved this clinical study has given us the opportunity to review the physiological consequences of the anastomosis its complications and its surgical indications we believe that this type of shunt is especially indicated in cases of tricuspid atresia in which only a palliative form of surgery can be performed
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to explore the mechanism of the effect of chronic intermittent hypoxia cih an important pathophysiological state of SA syndrome sas on cardiovascular system
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house dust is one of the most common allergens that cause allergic respiratory diseases it is a composed allergen although the most important antigens are the mites dermatophagoides pteronyssinus der p and dermatophagoides farinae der f these mites have different geographic and climatic distribution the aim of the T0 was to determine the sensitisation to der p and der f in our population of patients with respiratory allergic disorders the investigation included patients with perennial rhinitis andor asthma and positive skin reactions to dust mites concomitant sensitisation to der f was found in of the tested patients sensitised to der p the same size reactions to both mites was found in of patients a larger diameter of the urtica to der p was found in of patients in a greater reaction was found to der f than to der p while of the subjects only had positive reaction to der f patients with respiratory allergic diseases and skin sensitisation to dust mites in the investigated population were sensitised to der p and der f in conclusion most of our subjects were sensitised to both mites although in some patients the correct diagnosis would not have been established if they had not been tested with der p and der f in our investigation of subjects it is therefore suggested that both mites are used in the standard allergic skin prick test
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we evaluated the relation between forced expiratory volume in second fev and lung CA incidence and mortality among members of the kaiser permanente medical care program who took a multiphasic health checkup fev was inversely related to risk of LC among former and current smokers but not related among neversmokers we observed a decreased risk of LC mortality only in the higher quintiles of fev in current sm among men but not in women fev appears to be associated with lung CA as a physiologic marker for smokinginduced pulmonary damage
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a prospective study of TD was carried out to gain information regarding the natural history of the condition and to identify risk factors out of an original cohort of psychiatric patients receiving maintenance antipsychotic drugs were available for reassessment after years in this followup group the point prevalence of orofacial dyskinesia increased from to over the year period twentytwo patients developed the disorder while remission occurred in others risk factors predicting the presence of orofacial dyskinesia at followup included being over years of age and the presence of akathisia there was no convincing association between the duration of AP drug treatment and the presence or severity of orofacial dyskinesia patients receiving over mg chlorpromazine equivalents of antipsychotic drug per day were unlikely to have the condition the amount of purposeless trunk and limb movement present proved to be a relatively stable phenomenon showing only a slight increase with age and no NC over the followup period the implications of these findings are discussed with particular consideration being given to the effects of loss of patients to followup
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there is ample evidence from epidemiological studies that estrogenreplacement therapy protects postmenopausal women against cardiovascular disease one explanation for this beneficial effect could be the improvement of blood flow under estrogen therapy by using ultrasound and doppler color CFM we demonstrated in the aorta of ovariectomized rabbits a significant dosedependent increase in blood flow after treatment with betaestradiol an increase in blood flow was already observed within h of estradiol treatment and lasted until the end of a day treatment phase progesterone did not attenuate the effects of betaestradiol on aortic blood flow the pure estrogen receptor antagonist zm however dosedependently reversed the effect of betaestradiol on blood flow T3 the day treatment phase but was not able to antagonize the rapid betaestradiol effect on blood flow after h after killing the animals mrna and protein expression of the progesterone receptor pr a known estrogenresponsive gene in classic target organs were examined analogous to the blood flow results the pr mrna level increased dosedependently T3 betaestradiol treatment whereas zm was able to reverse this effect immunohistochemical localization of pr in the aortic wall revealed an increase in immunoreactivity in fibroblasts of the adventitia T3 betaestradiol treatment zm and to a lesser degree progesterone reversed the betaestradiolinduced increase in pr immunoreactivity pr immunoreactivity was further detected in EC and smooth muscle cells but the various hormonal treatments had no discernible effect on the pr mrna level in these cellular compartments our findings in the aorta of ovx rabbits suggest that a betaestradiol exhibits a rapid effect on arterial tone b the pure estrogen receptor antagonist zm inhibits the betaestradiol effect on blood flow and pr mrna and c progesterone does not attenuate the beneficial effect of Es on arterial tone
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the spread of multidrugresistant strains of klebsiella pneumoniae in hospitals is of concern to clinical microbiologists health care professionals and physicians because of the impact infections caused by these bacteria have in causing morbidity and mortality clinical isolates of k pneumoniae have been found to show resistance to thirdgeneration cephalosporins as a result of acquiring extendedspectrum βlactamaseproducing genes such as blactxm since little is known about the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance observed in kasserine hospital tunisia this study was undertaken to investigate the mechanisms by which clinical isolates of k pneumoniae resist βlactam antibiotics twelve strains of k pneumoniae were collected from patients admitted to kasserine hospital these isolates showed multiresistance phenotypes molecular genetics investigations using polymerase chain reaction s digestion and pulsedfield gel electrophoresisshowed that blactxm in association with isecp is responsible for the resistance of these strains to thirdgeneration cephalosporins it has been determined that blactxm is chromosomally mediated and plasmid mediated which alarming need for infection control to prevent the outbreak of such a resistance mechanism
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early permanent infant separation or weaning decreases the time interval between pregnancies and interbirth intervals for many female primates at least part of the interpregnancy interval consists of PPA a period of nonmenstruation lasting from the time of birth until the female begins to ovulate this study investigated the effects of weaning age and dams body weight on the duration of the interval between pregnancies the duration of postpartum amenorrhea and the number of cycles to conception in a yearround breeder female pigtailed macaques m impact of bta treatment on SQ of life data were recorded for the analysis over a period starting months before and ending months mean sem T3 the first injection of bta all patients received at least two bta i.v. injections per patient we studied direct medical costs drugs OP and inpatient visits diagnostic procedures physiotherapy clinical effects of bta clinical rating scale and patients global assessment quality of life french version of the nottingham health profile nhp and adverse reactions costs associated with the treatment of ST before the first bta injection were FF ffpatientmonth us ptmo during bta treatment costs were ffptmo us ptmo including a mean cost of bta of ffptmo us ptmo treatment with bta significantly decreased clinical symptoms of ST and improved the emotional social and painrelated domains of the quality of life assessment botulinum toxin type a treatment increases the cost of treating ST but improves SQ of life in terms of pain social and psychologic functioning in patients with spasmodic torticollis
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the reader is presumed to have a broad understanding of plastic surgical procedures and concepts after studying the article the participant should be able to physicians may earn hour of category cme credit by successfully completing the examination based on material covered in this article the examination begins on page endermologie has been touted as an alternative to or adjunctive therapy with liposuction for the removal of subcutaneous fat body contouring and tissue toning in this study we examined the effects of endermologie treatment with the yucatan minipig model pigs were divided into three treatment groups n and underwent or treatment sessions respectively blood and urine analysis was conducted during the T0 to obtain evidence of tissue trauma or breakdown and excretion of subcutaneous fatty tissue matched en bloc tissue sections from treated and untreated Az were examined for possible wound healing inflammatory response and tissue architecture changes examination of tissues revealed changes of architecture with accumulation of dense longitudinal collagen bands in the mid and deep subdermal tissue SL some distortion and disruption of adipocyte cell CM were also observed the degree of tissue NC found was dependent on the number of treatment sessions performed endermologie treatments did not elicit a CP wound healing or inflammatory response with no evidence of either increased tissue vascularity or cell division no evidence of mobilization of fatty tissue was found and no fat breakdown products or metabolites were detectable in blood or urine treatments did not cause a decrease in subcutaneous tissue thickness no evidence of skin or muscle injury was noted further studies are warranted to determine whether the changes noted are short term or permanent
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altered immunity is commonly associated with alcoholism however few studies have contrasted alcoholism per se with effects of the medical sequelae or comorbidities of ALC on the IS we previously found few differences in lymphocyte subsets mitogen response granulocytic phagocytosis or A-NK cell activity when we compared healthy urban alcoholdependent individuals with community control subjects to begin to explore the role of medical AF alcoholdependent persons derived from the same clinical population but showing mild medical abnormalities ammas primarily abnormal LF test results were compared with the previously described alcoholdependent persons without medical dysfunctions and nonabusing community persons the ammas had lower numbers of cdra inducersuppressornaive cells p and hladractivated t cells p compared with findings for nonabusers and higher percentages of circulating cd natural killer cells p mitogen responses to concanavalin a phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen NK killer cell activity and granulocyte functions did not differ across CG the ammas reported higher alcohol consumption than that reported by the other CG the findings seem to indicate that mild medical conditions or conditions linked to abnormal liver function test results are associated with some of the immune alterations reported in alcoholdependent persons immune changes even among chronically alcoholdependent persons may occur along a continuum associated with total alcohol exposure and intercurrent physiologic abnormalities clinical studies may need to control for such mild abnormalities when investigating alcoholimmune relationships and clinical interventions may be especially important for alcoholdependent individuals who show early signs of compromised health
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the immunoreactivity of six different monoclonal antigranulocyte antibodies leu m tg c bya bya and cd has been evaluated in cases of hodgkins disease LP nodular sclerosing and mixed cellularity in a variety of nonhodgkins lymphomas and in a series of reactive and benign lesions of lymph nodes applying a monoclonal antibody pd to leukocyte common antigen t we have also investigated reports that the lh SCV in nodular LP HD disease are strongly immunoreactive for leukocyte common antigen in contrast to the lack of reactivity of reedsternberg rs cells and variants thereof in other forms of HD disease all six monoclonal antigranulocyte antibodies reacted against rs cells and HD cells in the NS nshd and mixed cellularity mchd types with strong CM and juxtanuclear golgi staining in contrast an antileukocyte antibody pd was unreactive with rs cells and SCV thereof in nshd and mchd on the other hand rs cells and lh SCV thereof in the nodular lh form of HD disease nodular lymphocyte predominant type showed CR with pd but not with the antigranulocyte markers rare lh cells in cases of diffuse lymphocyte predominant type showed CR with some but not all of the antigranulocyte antibodies these findings provide further support for the concept that the nodular lh type of HD disease represents an entity distinct from other forms of this disorder our studies also demonstrate the usefulness of these immunoperoxidase techniques when applied to formalinfixed paraffinembedded tissues
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to explore the extent to which FS within the human posterior parietal cortex and the STS are involved in the perception of action we measured CBF metabolic activity in human subjects by positron emission tomography during the perception of simulations of biological motion with pointlight displays the exp design involved comparisons of activity during the perception of goaldirected hand action whole body motion object motion and random motion the results demonstrated that the perception of scripts of goaldirected hand action implicates the cortex in the intraparietal sulcus and the caudal part of the superior temporal sulcus both in the left hemisphere by contrast the rostrocaudal part of the RA superior temporal sulcus and adjacent temporal cortex and limbic structures such as the amygdala are involved in the perception of signs conveyed by expressive body movements
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during followup of healthy relatives of patients with autoimmune SH seven cases of IM due to epsteinbarr virus ebv occurred in two of these seven before ebv infection there was a defect in suppressorinducer t lymphocytes specifically controlling immune responses to the asialoglycoprotein receptor an antigen expressed on the hepatocyte surface in these two antibodies to this autoantigen persisted and increased after infectious mononucleosis and AIH developed within months in susceptible individuals ebv is a trigger for autoimmune hepatitis
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medical therapy of CHB aims at halting progression towards cirrhosishepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting replication of SH b virus in a sustained fashion viral beta the sole therapy of proven efficacy is interferonalpha mio iu sc tiw which leads within months to viral elimination SC from hbeag to antihbeantibody SS hbvdna negative by hybridisation in approximatively of patients interferonalpha therapy has been shown to decrease SH b associated morbiditymortality and to be costeffective certain nucleoside analoga such as lamivudine or famciclovir are able to stop SH b virus replication in a C1 proportion of patients replication promptly resumes however T3 cessation of treatment and resistance develops in approximatively of patients treated for one year the clinical value in particular for interferonalpha nonresponders of a combination of interferonalpha andor nucleoside analoga remains to be seen
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puerarin is an isoflavonoid isolated from the chinese herb kudzu roots also known as gegen which has been widely used for the treatment of hypertensive diseases and diabetic mellitus in traditional chinese medicine dahl SBH ds rat is a genetic MM of SBH hypertension with cardiovascular injury and V1 insulin resistance here we investigated whether puerarin improved vascular insulin resistance and attenuated cardiac and aortic CR in saltsensitive hypertension ds rats were given a normal ns or high salt diet hs for five weeks an additional group of ds rats was pretreated with puerarin and ns for days then switched to hs plus puerarin for five weeks hs for five weeks increased systolic blood pressure sbp CH and fibrosis and aortic hypertrophy with increased the expression of phosphorerk in the aorta and heart puerarin att cardiac and aortic hypertrophy cardiac fibrosis and phosphorerk with a mild reduction in sbp hypertensive rats also manifested impairment of acetylcholine and insulinmediated vasorelaxation and insulinmediated akt and enos phosphorylation associated with the activation of nfformula see textbtnfformula see textjnk pathway puerarin improved acetylcholine and insulinmediated vasorelaxation and insulinstimulated aktno signaling with the inhibition of the nfformula see textb inflammatory pathway our results demonstrated that in SBH hypertension puerarin improved vascular insulin action with cardiovascular beneficial effects our results found that the underlying mechanisms may involve its inhibition of nfformula see textbjnk and erk pathway these results suggest that puerarin could be used as a new antihypertensive agent to expand our armamentarium for the prevention and treatment of endorgan damage in individuals with hypertension and metabolic diseases
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fibrosis characterized by the accumulation of collagen is a consequence of a chronic inflammatory response the purpose of this study was to determine if the mrna expression of the chemokines lymphotactin ltn rantes eotaxin macrophage inflammatory protein mip alpha beta and interferoninducible protein ip and mo chemotactic protein mcp are altered during the development of radiationinduced pneumonitis and fibrosis further we wished to determine if these changes differ between two strains of mice that vary in their sensitivity to radiation fibrosis fibrosissensitive B6 and fibrosisresistant chhej mice were irradiated with a single dose of gy to the thorax total lung rna was prepared and hybridized utilizing rnase protection assays data were quantified by phosphorimaging and results normalized to a constituitively expressed mrna l PI most chemokines measured were elevated to varying degrees the degree of elevation of each chemokine was MZ in both strains this suggested that chemotactic activity for neutrophils macrophages and lymphocytes were occurring during pneumonitis by weeks postirradiation messages encoding ltn rantes ip and mcp were elevated only in fibrosis CS cbl mice in situ hybridization demonstrated that mcp and rantes transcripts were produced predominantly from macrophages and lymphocytes these studies suggest that lymphocytic recruitment and activation are key components of RIF
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between january and may six children underwent VVI assisted circulation for recovery of myocardial function after cardiac surgery their ages ranged from months to years three patients had tetralogy of fallot and one had atrioventricular discordance with ventriculoarterial concordance ventricular septal defect and underover ventricles double outlet LV and a large ventricular septal defect with pulmonary hypertension was present in the remaining two the duration of circulatory support averaged h an extracorporeal membrane oxygenator ecmo was used in four patients biventricular assistance with centrifugal pumps in one and left ventricular assistance followed by ecmo in the last patient circulatory support was begun in the operating room in two patients who could not be weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass both these patients are LTS assisted circulation was implanted in four patients in the intensive care unit because of low cardiac SO refractory to any pharmacological treatment only one of these patients could be weaned from circulatory support but he died days later because of multiorgan failure due to persistent poor myocardial CF the causes of death in the remaining three patients were intracranial hemorrhage untreatable bleeding and failure of myocardial recovery respectively we believe that early postoperative use of circulatory support can be a major determinant for recovery of myocardial function in patients who have severe low cardiac SO following repair of congenital cardiac lesions our initial experience with the use of biventricular assistance in small children is encouraging nevertheless further observations are clearly necessary to establish the role of postoperative circulatory support in children with congenital cardiac lesions
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angiotensin ii ang ii has been implicated in the pathogenesis of the V1 injury associated with hypertension and diabetes mellitus increased VP is an important early manifestation of endothelial dysfunction and the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis how ang ii contributes to endothelial dysfunction and promotes an increase in VP is unknown but is classically attributed to its pressor actions we demonstrate that human vascular smooth muscle cells express abundant mrna for vascular permeabilityendothelial growth factor VP factor is a to kd glycoprotein that markedly increases VE permeability and is a potent endothelial mitogen ang ii potently induced a concentrationdependent maximal moll and timedependent increase in V1 PF mrna expression by human V1 smooth muscle cells that was maximal after hours and diminished by hours ang iiinduced VP factor mrna expression by human vascular smooth muscle cells was inhibited by the specific ang ii receptor antagonist LOS dup confirming that this is an ang ii receptor AT1 mediated event these results describe a new action of ang ii on human vascular smooth muscle notably the induction of vascular permeability factor mrna expression the wide spectrum and potent activity of VP factor suggest a novel mechanism whereby ang ii could locally and directly influence the permeability growth and CF of the vascular EC independent of changes in hemodynamics
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cough and sniff are both spontaneous respiratory behaviors that can be initiated voluntarily in humans disturbances of cough may be life threatening while inability to sniff impairs the sense of smell in neurological patients cortical mechanisms of voluntary cough and sniff production have been predicted to exist however the localization and function of supramedullary Az responsible for these behaviors are poorly understood we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to identify the CE control of voluntary cough and sniff compared with breathing we determined that both voluntary cough and sniff require a widespread pattern of sensorimotor activation along the sylvian fissure convergent with voluntary breathing taskspecific activation occurred in a pontomesencephalic region during voluntary coughing and in the hippocampus and piriform cortex during voluntary sniffing ID of the localization of cortical activation for cough control in humans may help potential drug OD to target these regions in patients with chronic cough understanding the sensorimotor sniff control mechanisms may provide a new view on the cerebral PET reorganization of olfactory control in patients with neurological disorders
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following more than two decades of effort RCM rcm imaging of skin was granted codes for reimbursement by the us centers for medicare and medicaid services dermatologists in the usa have started billing and receiving reimbursement for the imaging procedure and for the reading and interpretation of images rcm imaging combined with dermoscopic examination is guiding the triage of lesions into those that appear benign which are being spared from biopsy against those that appear suspicious which are then biopsied thus far a few thousand patients have been spared from biopsy of benign lesions the journey of rcm imaging from bench to bedside is certainly a success story but still much more work lies ahead toward wider dissemination acceptance and adoption we present a brief review of rcm imaging and highlight key challenges and opportunities the success of rcm imaging paves the way for other emerging optical technologies as welland our bet for the future is on multimodal approaches lasers surg med © wiley periodicals inc
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the utility of magnetic resonance angiography is sometimes limited in the diagnostic workup of CBF aneurysms with low flow andor partial thrombosis when weighed against DS angiography we present the case of a rare superior cerebellar artery giant partially thrombosed aneurysm in which additional iv contrastenhanced mra sequences were comparable to digital subtraction angiography it demonstrated not only the exact spatial resolution and correct anatomical relation but also the hemodynamics which were confirmed by intraoperative doppler ultrasound this report supports the feasibility and utility of iv contrastenhanced mra for posterior fossa giant CBF aneurysm management
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the evaluation method of dielectric data based on a williams product ansatz a arbe d richter j colmenero and b farago phys rev e is not suited to the crossover region of the dynamic glass transition this method is insensitive to the shape position or even existence of at least one of the relaxation functions if in the extrapolation from below to above the crossover region the two processes cross or approach one another since a crossover region without any particular NC in the EC50 mechanism of these processes can in fact be adjusted by this method better dielectric data for PBD in the gigahertz frequency region are needed to determine whether or not there are peculiarities in the dielectric function it would be an odd assumption that the many particularities in the crossover region in other instances are not reflected in the dielectric response
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over a year period children with acute bacterial meningitis underwent computed tomography ct because of neurologic complications in nine children ct disclosed parenchymal CA the type of PC abnormality was classified as mild moderate or severe on the basis of the severity and location of brain injury all children had neurologic deficits at the time they underwent ct the seven surviving children were followed for a mean of months the four children with either mild or moderate ct changes recovered without neurologic sequelae the five children with severe ct abnormalities either died two or survived with L1 neurologic two mentally retarded three L1 motor deficits sequelae computed tomography is of prognostic value in children with bacterial meningitis
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a comparison of the effects of apomorphine amphetamine and dopamine da receptor subtypespecific agonists in responding for CS reward selfadministration and place conditioning paradigms provides insights into the possible involvement of d and d receptors in rewardrelated learning amphetamine and the d agonists bromocriptine and quinpirole enhanced responding for CS reward were selfadministered and produced place preferences apomorphine impaired responding for conditioned reward by enhancing responding on two levers was selfadministered and produced a place preference the d agonist skf impaired responding for condition reward did not support selfadministration and produced a place preference the failure of skf to support selfadministration may have been related to effects of this drug for example IP aversive effects or a slow onset of action unrelated to its action at the d receptor it was suggested that a d agonist might be expected to be selfadministered from the point of view of the hypothesis that it is the action at d receptors of da released in association with reward that produces rewardrelated learning this hypothesis was supported by the remaining data thus AP and skf may have masked the da signal associated with reward in the CS reward paradigm leading to a loss of control of responding by the conditioned rewarding stimulus in selfadministration apomorphine would have its ON of action T3 the performance of the response which is followed immediately by a CS reward the CS reward may effectively maintain control of behaviour by the lever and related stimuli while the drug may maintain the effectiveness of the CR in place conditioning there is no TPS environmental stimulus that must come to control responding therefore apomorphine and skf may have been seen to produce place preferences in spite of their relatively tonic action at d receptors finally the finding that the d antagonists sch or sch blocked the effects of reward in these paradigms was taken as further evidence that the d receptor may be critically involved in the learning produced by rewarding stimuli
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to achieve good care for stroke patients in the hokumou secondary medical district we reaffirmed the current status of the services discovered the keypoints and issues and searched for solutions to the current problems the population its age composition and the number of beds occupied by stroke patientsstratified in acute convalescent and maintenance stageswere surveyed the number of patients suffering from stroke under the jurisdiction of this district was compiled by using the regional alliance path for stroke and the severity and outcome of each case were evaluated by using the mrs mRS we held seminars for citizens on the prevention and management of stroke and the attendees were asked to fill out questionnaires and were organized networks for medical care and nursing in the okhotsk sea area and peoples voices were heard at the network meetings and at the town meetings held at kitami abashiri and bihoro the challenges and problems in each area were discussed the findings obtained from these MICs were compiled for the current T0 the rate of release of the patients to their home environment was high in the acute stage but low in the convalescent stage to substantiate the regional management of stroke patients it is essential that one be familiar with the availability of the limited medical recourses for and dynamics of patients and yet there is a limit to the efforts that the medical profession CT can make for the acute and convalescent stages it is necessary that the health services assist in solving the problems with the cooperation of the citizens and the nursing network that is involved in homes and nursing facilities for the care of patients in the maintenance stage
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posterior uveitis is not a documented feature of RD we describe here a patient of reiters disease who T3 a bout of dysentery in january developed macular edema of the RA eye with visual acuity of in december she was found to have phlyctenular conjunctivitis in june when she reported with scaly plaques over both palms repeat ophthalmological examination revealed macular degeneration of the right eye the simultaneous occurrence of reiters disease and macular degeneration in this patient may be fortuitous but the immunological basis of both diseases suggests a possible association
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we report a rare case of a yearold man with gastric metastasis from colorectal cancer PT of the stomach and the RA side abdominal wall were diagnosed by fdgpetct upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a SM tumor with central depression in the fornix of the stomach since sigmoidectomy had been performed for CA months ago we suspected metastasis proximal gastrectomy and resection of the tumor of the ABD wall were performed histological findings showed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma in the SM tumor immunohistochemical studies revealed focal positive IF for ck and diffuse for cdx these findings were similar to those of his primary sigmoid colon cancer and therefore metastasis was diagnosed
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we used the carbon tetrachloride ccl induced CL cirrhosis model to test the molecular mechanism of action involved in cirrhosisassociated CH and the effectiveness of ocimum gratissimum extract oge and silymarin against cardiac hypertrophy we treated male WR with ccl and either oge gkg bw or gkg bw or silymarin gkg bw cardiac eccentric hypertrophy was induced by ccl along with cirrhosis and increased expression of CH related genes nfat taga and nbp and the interleukin il signaling pathway related genes mek erk jak and stat oge or silymarin cotreatment att cclinduced cardiac CA and lowered expression of genes which were elevated by this hepatotoxin our results suggest that the il signaling pathway may be related to cclinduced CH oge and silymarin were able to lower CL fibrosis which reduces the chance of cardiac hypertrophy perhaps by lowering the expressions of il signaling pathway related genes we conclude that treatment of cirrhosis using herbal supplements is a viable option for protecting cardiac tissues against cirrhosisrelated CH
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starch gel electrophoresis has been used to T0 the polymorphism of hordeins encoded by the hrd a hrd b and hrd f loci in landrace specimens of barley assigned to ancient provinces located in modem turkey fortyfive alleles of hrd a with frequencies of alleles of hrd b with frequencies of and alleles of hrd f with frequencies of have been detected cluster analysis of the matrix of allele frequencies has demonstrated that barley populations from different old provinces of turkey are similar to one another cluster structure of local barley populations has been found most populations falling into three clusters the first cluster comprises barley populations from six provinces thracia bithynia pontus lydia cappadocia and armenia the second cluster populations from five provinces paphlagonia galatia lycaonia cilicia and mesopotamia and the third one populations from three provinces phrygia karia and lycia barley populations from mysia pamphlya and syria do not fall in any cluster
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this T0 examined the effectiveness of the consensus MM clinical advisory board for intermittent catheterization cabic method for teaching clean intermittent selfcatheterization isc the primary hypothesis was that the cabic method of teaching isc would result in higher isc knowledge and performance scores
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three groups of t dna polymerase mutants were prepared and characterized in the first group ala and asn were substituted for four acidic residues in the exonuclease domain that were chosen on the basis of their CS alignment with the klenow fragment from escherichia coli KF two divalent metal ions required for catalyzing the exonuclease reaction are ligated by carboxyl groups from these conserved asp and glu residues the ala and asn replacements have a profound effect on the exonuclease activity of t dna polymerase and also have a significant but less pronounced influence on its polymerase activity which is located in a domain distal to the exonuclease region the kcat values for the exonuclease reaction were reduced by orders of magnitude by these replacements but the values of kmapp did not differ greatly from the wildtype enzyme the second group consists of replacements of other residues that are conserved in the exonuclease domain of eukaryotic dna polymerases but do not contribute to divalent metal ion coordination many of these alterations resulted in decreased exonuclease andor polymerase activity mutants in the third group have substitutions of conserved residues in the polymerase domain which diminished polymerase and altered exonuclease MICs our results combined with structural data on crystals of protein n a truncated form of t dna polymerase wang et al show that i the reduction in the relative TPS exonuclease MICs of mutants in the first group was significantly less than that of mutants in the klenow fragment despite the nearly identical geometric arrangement of the metal liganding groups in two proteins ii altered residues that affect exonuclease andor polymerase MICs in mutants of the second group cluster within a small area of the exonuclease domain suggesting that this area may be directly or indirectly involved in polymerase activity iii mutations in the third group which affect polymerase and exonuclease MICs may participate in dna and dntp IB our results point to the functional interdependence of the polymerase and exonuclease domains in t dna polymerase a property not observed with the klenow fragment
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orthotopic heart transplantation is the criterion standard treatment for endstage heart failure and the number of recipient candidates has been increasing despite this increasing demand there is limited donor organ supply in order to surmount this challenge we propose harvesting donor NF from more distant locations and accepting longer cold ICM times the usual accepted total ICM time limit for the transplanted human heart is up to hours here we report the successful use of a donor heart from miles away with a total allograft ischemic time greater than hours
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thymic lymphoma tl was observed in different stages of development in of male mice following SE to an acute challenge dose of gy co gammarays with an adapting dose of cgy h prior to the challenge dose of gy similar growth of tl was seen in of mice tl was not found in unirradiated control mice or in the group treated with cgy multiple adapting doses for or consecutive days induced tl in and mice respectively in average when multiple adapting doses were followed by the challenge dose the yield of tl was much lower and respectively by and days T3 SE with gy of co gammarays tl developed in and of the female mice respectively when mice were conditioned with an adapting dose of cgy h prior to the challenge dose tl was not found days postirradiation while about a reduction in the occurrence of tl was noticed at all other intervals the results suggested that an adapting dose could play a role in bringing about a NC in terms of delay and inhibition of the acute effects of radiation ie the ON of tl in mice
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dialyzed homogenates prepared from escherichia coli tetrahymena pyriformis sea anemone anthopleura elegantissima and mouse CL were tested for ability to transaminate aminoalkylphosphonic acids with alphaketoglutarate aminoethylphosphonic acid aep which occurs naturally in tetrahymena and anemone was transaminated by these latter organisms more than any of the substances tested but not by S9 from liver or e coli aminopropylphosphonic acid was transaminated by all preparations but much less by tetrahymena or anemone than was aep aminophosphonopropionic acid was transaminated by all preparations aminophosphonobutyric acid was transaminated by three of the preparations but not by CL of the other substances tested the following gave positive results dldiaminoethylphosphonic acid with e coli dldiaminoethylphosphonic and aminomethylphosphonic acids with tetrahymena dlaminopropylphosphonic acid with anemone and dlaminoethylphosphonic and dlaminobutylphosphonic acids with CL the significance of these transaminations is discussed
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the g proteincoupled receptor proteinaseactivated receptor par has been implicated in various aspects of cellular physiology including inflammation obesity and cancer in CA it usually acts as a driver of CA progression in various RT types by promoting invasion and metastasis in response to activation by serine proteinases recently we discovered another mode through which par may enhance tumorigenesis crosstalk with transforming growth factorβ tgfβ signaling to promote tgfβinduced cell migrationinvasion and invasionassociated gene expression in ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma pdac cells in this chapter we review what is known about the cellular tgfβ responses and signaling pathways affected by par expression the signaling MICs of par required for promoting tgfβ signaling and the potential molecular mechanisms that underlies the tgfβ signalingpromoting effect since par is activated through various serine proteinases and biased agonists it may couple tgfβ signaling to a diverse range of other physiological processes that may or may not predispose cells to cancer development such as local inflammation systemic coagulation and pathogen infection
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polypeptides are finding increasing applications as therapeutics because of their specificity that often translates into excellent safety tolerability and tau profiles in humans new synthetic methodologies for their preparation are thereby continuously sought to reduce the costs associated to chain assembly and purification although solidphase peptide synthesis has become one of the most T3 synthetic procedures at both laboratory and industrial scale the process is often complicated by aggregation phenomena originating from the combined occurrence of intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonding hydrophobic interactions or other effects altogether these effects cause accumulation of many side products and synthetic mixtures extremely hard to separate and purify strongly affecting the costs of the final material in the attempt to optimize the coupling steps of some wellknown aggregating or otherwise difficult to obtain peptides we have comparatively investigated the use of oxymadic and hatusymcollidine as second coupling reagents in double coupling settings for the preparation of some model MMP comparative analytical data obtained on the unpurified products with the two different protocols clearly show that the use of oxymadic largely improves the content of the target molecules in the final crude materials making the synthesis more convenient and costeffective copyright © european peptide society and john wiley sons ltd
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aged or abnormal red blood cells with exposed phosphatidylserine psrbcs are cleared from the circulation by splenic macrophages in asplenic patients other MNC phagocytic cells in tissues and in circulation may CF in this capacity to better understand these changes and the relationship among splenic status psrbcs blood monocytes and SS TN factor tnfα a product of MNC phagocyte activation patients with hemoglobin eβthalassemia eβthal were studied whole blood of nonsplenectomized splenectomized eβthal patients and HS was assayed for psrbcs for monocytes activated monocytes and mo response to lipopolysaccharide stimulation and SS was assayed for tnfα asplenic eβthal patients had significantly increased p amounts of psrbcs monocytes G1 monocytes and C2 of SS tnfα the amount of psrbcs correlated with levels of SS tnfα but the amount of G1 monocytes did not correlate with either the amount of psrbcs or levels of SS tnfα monocyte response to lipopolysaccharide stimulation in asplenic patients was not as efficient as in the other patients or in normals vs and folds increment respectively the results suggest that splenectomy in eβthal patients led to an increased amount of psrbcs and activation in the mononuclear phagocytic system
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the main principle in treating chronic HC is the prevention of serious CL complications because curing HCV has been demonstrated to prevent progression of CL disease and even promote regression of fibrosis it remains the primary goal of treatment however nearly half of patients are not cured with our best treatment patients who failed older therapies should be treated with peginterferon and ribavirin but those with advanced fibrosis or african heritage will have very low rates of response nonresponders to peginterferon and ribavirin present a special challenge if there were problems related to dosing adherence or access during treatment then one can consider retreating with the same regimen if the problems can be corrected otherwise nonresponders with earlystage fibrosis can observe without further treatment until newer drugs are available those with advanced fibrosis should consider lowdose peginterferon maintenance treatment or participation in an exp trial experimental approaches include intensification of existing therapies combination of new agents with existing drugs LT virus suppression inhibition of liver fibrogenesis and inhibition of SH c rna or hepatitis c viral enzymes
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the plasmodium falciparum EA membrane protein pfemp adhesive proteins expressed on the surfaces of infected erythrocytes ies are of key importance in the pathogenesis of p falciparum malaria several structurally and functionally defined pfemp types have been associated with severe clinical manifestations such as CM in children and placental malaria in Pr women pfemp that can bind the fc part of igm fcμ characterizes one such type although the PET significance of this igm binding to pfemp remains unclear in this T0 we report the identification and PET analysis of five igmbinding pfemp proteins encoded by p falciparum nf in addition to the varcsatype pflc protein already known to bind fcμ and to mediate chondroitin sulfate a csaspecific adhesion of ies in the placenta we found four pfemp proteins not previously known to bind igm this way although they all contained duffy bindinglike ε dblε domains similar to those in varcsatype pfemp they did not mediate ie adhesion to csa and igm IB did not shield ies from phagocytosis of iggopsonized ies in this way these new igmbinding pfemp proteins resemble the rosettemediating and igmbinding pfemp hbvar but none of them mediated formation of rosettes we could map the capacity for fcspecific igm IB to dblε domains near the c terminus for three of the four pfemp proteins tested our T0 provides new evidence regarding fcdependent IB of igm to pfemp which appears to be a common and multifunctional phenotype
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