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we investigate a deterministic conservative undirected critical height sandpile model with dissipation of an SE at boundaries that can simulate avalanche dynamics it was derived from the baktangwiesenfeld model p bak c tang and k wiesenfeld phys rev lett introducing an additional secondhigher threshold so the MM has two distinct thresholds our computer simulations for a twodimensional lattice show that scaling properties of the model depend on the higherthreshold values and site concentrations these results are not therefore consistent with the present selforganized criticality hypothesis where the scaling properties are independent of the MM parameters
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in the period from to operations were made on patients aged from to years with chronic ischemia of digestive organs cido infarction of the small intestine was determined in of them mainly due to atherosclerotic injury of the celiac trunk ct andor superior mesenteric artery sma in patients antegrade or retrograde shunting of ct andor sma were fulfilled with synthetic prostheses in combination with resection of the small intestine in patients with lethal outcome in of them only no prosthesis infection was noted lethality in early terms was mainly at the early stage of the work observations during the period from one month to years were followed up in patients their state remains satisfactory the shunts are patent in treatment of patients with cido the antegrade and VA shunting of ct andor sma are shown to be effective methods
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PE is a common male SD many kinds of medication have been used without great success the startstop technique is usually preferred however some patients and couples do not want to learn this kind of sexual therapy one common adverse effect of the new selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors is delayed ejaculation this article discusses a patient with a premature ejaculation problem combined with minor depression and anxiety who was successfully treated with paroxetine
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spraydried particles sdps with indomethacin ind and alphaglycosyl transferasetreated stevia steviag indicated extremely high dissolution rates and apparent solubility compared to particles of a ground mixture and a physical mixture of indsteviag the apparent solubility of ind from sdps was fold higher than that of untreated ind we investigated the solubilityenhancing effect of steviag towards hydrophobic materials by using fluorescence spectroscopy naphthoic acid npa and Py were used as hydrophobic fluorescence probes although both the ground mixture and sdps of npasteviag exhibited halo patterns in powder xray diffraction the fluorescence spectra of npa solely in sdps indicated a monomolecularly dispersed state of npa the plot of the pyrene ii ratio versus the steviag concentration showed a sigmoidal curve as a function of the steviag concentration suggesting the existence of a hydrophobic environment around Py molecules under high steviag concentrations the critical micelle concentration calculated from the pyrene ii plot was about mgml based on results fmarigold triangle and hexagon the biocompatibility of the presented gold nanostructures was examined haemolysis tests revealed a nontoxicity result in blood cell uptake of such gold nanostructures this T0 opens the exciting possibility of synthesising various multishaped NPs through a simple and green RPA as well as paving the way for future bioapplications
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the quantitative and morphologic characteristics and significance of late potentials on the signalaveraged electrocardiographic qrs complex remain unknown to assess this the signalaveraged electrocardiogram of patients mean age sigma years with sustained VVI ART vt T3 healing of AIM and LPs were analyzed late potentials could be classified into morphologic subtypes type i late potentials patients occurred in the terminal ms of the qrs complex type ii LPs patients started before the end of the qrs complex and D2 ms into the st segment type iii late potentials patients started T3 the end of the qrs complex in the st segment and ended ms T3 the end of the qrs complex the amplitude of the late potentials in type iii when compared with types i and ii was significantly lower whereas the qrs duration on the electrocardiogram in type i when compared with types ii and iii was significantly longer computer algorithm based on noise failed to identify most type iii LPs no difference was noted in age sex site of the myocardial infarction and rate of induced vt among the typesabstract truncated at words
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the study was conducted to define a normal range for the length ED and volume of the brachiobicarotid trunk during gestation the material examined consisted of human fetuses of both sexes male female aged from to weeks from spontaneous abortions or stillbirths the arterial bed was filled with white latex lbs specimens were fixed in a formalin and then branches of the aortic arch were dissected recorded using a camera and digitalized to jpeg images afterwards the brachiobicarotid trunks underwent morphometric analysis with the DIA system of leica qwin pro regression analysis was used to investigate the growth of the brachiobicarotid trunk during gestation the brachiobicarotid trunk was observed in of the fetuses studied the results showed the brachiobicarotid trunk length as a function of fetal age which could be expressed by y x and the brachiobicarotid trunk diameter by y the volumetric growth of the brachiobicarotid trunk followed the quadratic function y xx the correlation coefficients between arterial length or external diameter and fetal age and the coefficient of determination between arterial volume and fetal age were as follows r for length r for ED and r for volume p the relative diameter of the brachiobicarotid trunk increased from to during the T0 period
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fortyeight patients with chronic duodenal ulcers which were healed with cimetidine were allocated at random into two equal CG to assess different ways of using cimetidine during one year of treatment twentyfour patients received intermittent sixweek courses of cimetidine for each relapse and patients were treated with maintenance administration of cimetidine mg twice a day continuously only one patient in the group receiving continuous therapy suffered clinical recurrence but asymptomatic ulceration was found in four others the group of patients who were receiving intermittent therapy suffered a total of clinical recurrences three of these patients required prolonged treatment to heal their ulcers and seven developed asymptomatic ulcer the number of relapses varied from none to five no way of predicting the individual prognosis was found intermittent treatment was an acceptable alternative in approximately half of the patients treated in this way and was a failure in onequarter of the group
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a kinetic T0 of the activity of mushroom polyphenol oxidase in an organic system was carried out to obtain detailed enzyme kinetic data in relation to optimization of reaction conditions and substrate specificity a simple method for consistent measurement of reaction rates in tis observation revolutionized understanding of egfr in lung carcinogenesis and resulted in numerous retrospective studies that correlated patients response and molecular profile of the A549 the results of these studies indicate that clinical benefits from treatment with egfr tk inhibitors are variable between the different subsets of patients multiple methodologic approaches were used including mutational analysis fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry conflicting results reflect the lack of standardization of the methodology and interpretation sample types sample processing and storage should also be taken into consideration as another potentially confounding factor therefore it is important to standardize the approach and decide which assays are best to predict patient response to targeted therapies it is also essential to determine the most costeffective way to integrate egfr molecular assays into clinical practice this review will address practical aspects of each of the currently proposed assays difficulties in standardization of these assays in a clinical practice will be discussed
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glucocorticoid responses in two independently derived lines of HTC tissue SC cells htc and fu were examined fu cells exhibited induction of the enzyme TAT tat at concentrations of dexamethasone that were approximately fold lower than that required for htc cells fu cells also displayed substantial tat induction with CS that were partial agonists or antagonists in htc cells the increased sensitivity of fu cells was not however due to an increased affinity of fu cell receptors for dexamethasone as determined from cellfree and whole cell IB experiments the differential steroid sensitivity for tat induction was observed with three other structurally different glucocorticoids thus apparently ruling out steroid metabolism in one of the cell lines as a cause also induction of tat in fu cells occurred at approximately fold lower steroid concentrations than were required for the induction of glutamine synthetase gs in the same cells thus the DRCs for tat induction in htc cells and for gs induction in fu cells are closely correlated with the saturation curve for whole cell steroid binding to receptor sites while the DR curve for tat induction in fu cells is shifted to lower steroid concentrations this represents the first report of dissociation of two supposedly primary glucocorticoidinduced functions and indicates that identical receptormediated processes cannot be utilized by fu cells for the inasmid rpts a derivative of the latter prp with an elevated frequency of integration into e coli k chromosome has been isolated the structure and properties of prp was studied as revealed from the data of structural and genetic analyses prp is identical to the factor r described earlier by haas and holloway similarly to r the plasmid under study contains two copies of is sequence and mobilises nonconjugative plasmid pbr with high efficiency using the temperature CS replication of prp frequency of its integration into the chromosomes of e coli rec and reca stains is determined it is demonstrated that the clones carrying the plasmid in integrated state are hfrstrains the possibilities to use the temperature sensitive r like plasmid for isolation of hfrstrains in the broad range of GNB and for insertional inactivation of chromosomal genes are discussed
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due to their EP characteristics class antiarrhythmic drugs can induce an auricular flutter with a response in addition to antiarrhythmic treatment several authors have therefore considered using drugs capable of slowing auriculoventricular nodal conduction and preventing the response betablockers have been proposed as candidate drugs in this T0 two patients were treated with an association of class antiarrhythmic drugs cibenzoline in one case flecainide in the other and betablockers the administration of these drugs resulted in an atrial proarrhythoth the DL and retrodorsolateral nuclei displayed significant motoneuron loss compared to controls this cell loss was particularly exaggerated in the retrodorsolateral nucleus of animals displaying a rapid disease progression however no significant decline in motoneuron number was observed in the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus and the perineal muscle BC which is innervated by this nucleus appeared to be unaffected this was in stark contrast to the thigh muscles which displayed significant atrophy overall these data indicate that the SNB is spared from degeneration in an rat of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis paralleling observations in patients suffering from this disease further T0 of this resistance to motoneuron loss may provide useful insights into the pathophysiology of the degenerative process
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survival after CL transplantation has steadily improved in part because of newer immunosuppression which may offer decreased LT SE reduction of CS early in the course of transplant continues to be a goal with satisfactory results in terms of both risk of rejection and reduction of side effects dominating the literature and the press in was the controversy surrounding the way in which livers are allocated regulation by the federal government was proposed to NC the way the united network of organ sharing distributes and allocates livers prompted by the shortage of organs livingdonor CL transplantation has blossomed continued experience in pediatric patients has shown excellent survival rate and quality of life in adults further experience is being gained with respect to the use of right lobes for transplantation early data suggest that this is a potential alternative to cadaveric transplantation in adults with acceptable risk to the donor despite advances made in improving the technical aspects of transplantation recurrent disease remains a significant issue lamivudine appears to be a potent inhibitor of hepatitis b virus dna replication T3 CL transplantation although resistance remains a significant problem further review of transplantation for SH c virus is encouraging with excellent fiveyear survival rate however studies evaluating the evolution of fibrosis in these patients throw caution on those results showing increased progression to cirrhosis over time further followup of these patients is needed to more accurately assess longterm impact of HC on morbidity and mortality rates T3 CL transplantation
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occasionally a patient with calcification of the ascending aorta will be unsuitable for conventional saphenous vein aortocoronary bypass similarly when a patient is seen with RSV or IM i.a. of inadequate diameter or quality another method of revascularization must be selected two cases of coronarycoronary i.a. bypass are illustrative of one solution to these difficult and increasingly common problems
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lateral asymmetry in signalling traits enables males to strategically exploit their best side in many animals both body colouration and fluctuating asymmetry are signals of male attractiveness we demonstrated experimentally that even sexually naïve male poecilia wingei were able to identify their most attractive side ie that with a higher proportion of carotenoid pigmentation and use it preferentially during courtship notably males retained their strategic signalling in a malebiased social environment whereas they ceased to signal strategically in a femalebiased environment the degree of asymmetry in colouration did not affect overall courtship activity strategic lateralization in courtship displays was strongest and most repeatable in the malebiased social environment where males competed with rivals for matings individual asymmetry in colouration changed considerably over a period of months this suggests that colouration is a dynamic feature during adulthood and that males are capable of tracking and strategically exploiting their lateral asymmetry in accordance with their social environment
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carcinomas of the skin appendices are rare neoplasms but for prognostic reasons it is important to differentiate them from the indolent squamous and BCCs as their SMB is more aggressive we report on a case of eccrine sweat gland carcinoma that displayed all the typical features of those neoplasms the patient sought medical attention T3 a lesion in his foot already present for four yearsy glycopeptide tricwk and a PE glycolpeptide pegcwk to mediate TPS recognition by the asialoglycoprotein receptor and to reduce nonspecific uptake by kupffer cells tricwkpegcwk dna cocondensates were stabilized and protected from metabolism by glutaraldehyde crosslinking an optimized formulation targeted of the dose to the CL with of the CL targeted dna localized to HCs glutaraldehyde crosslinking of dna condensates reduced the CL elimination rate from a t of to h an optimized gene delivery formulation produced detectable levels of hAAT in mouse serum which peaked at day compared to no expression using control formulations the results demonstrate the application of formulation optimization to improve the targeting selectivity and mRNA of a peptide dna delivery system
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canavan disease is a childhood leukodystrophy caused by mutations in the gene for human aspartoacylase aspa which leads to an abnormal accumulation of the substrate molecule nacetylaspartate naa in the BB this study was designed to MM the natural history of canavan disease using mri and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy hmrs naa and various indices of brain structure morphology quantitative t fractional anisotropy apparent diffusion coefficient were measured in WG and GM regions during the progression of canavan disease a mixedeffects statistical MM was used to fit all outcome measures longitudinal data from canavan patients were directly compared in each brain region with REF data obtained from normal agematched pediatric subjects the resultant MM can be used to noninvasively monitor the natural PH of canavan disease or related leukodystrophies in future studies involving drug gene therapy or SC treatments
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we assessed olfactory PCD thresholds and discrimination abilities in healthy righthanders women and men all subjects were also required to CR the MI mi scale a wellvalidated item schizotypy inventory over both nostrils we found elevated thresholds for subjects with high mi scores at or above the median score of compared with those with low scores in men but not women specifically leftnostril acuity was inversely correlated to mi raw scores mi was unrelated to olfactory discrimination performance these results suggest an association at least in healthy men between even moderate signs of schizotypy and deficits in odor detection the selective impairment of leftnostril performance adds to the growing evidence for left temporal lobe PET abnormalities in people high on mi this laterality effect is known from previous studies in patients with schizophrenia however as a rule in psychiatric patients olfactory identification rather than simple detection performance was found to be impaired indicating that the integration of odor information is affected at different levels of processing in schizotypy compared with schizophrenia work with CR normal subjects may reasonably complement clinical studies of olfactory perception among its advantages are the good subject compliance and the absence of medication effects
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zinc oxide have been produced via a simple green method from zinc nitrate and leaf extract AQ solutions prepared zno NPs nps were investigated by employing through uvvisible DRS uvdrs photoluminescence pl spectroscopy xray diffraction xrd fourier transform infrared ftir field emissionscanning electron microscope fesem and transmission electron microscope tem respectively the present investigation confirmed the estimated band gap ev and the pl intensity at nm in visible region are dependent upon the geometrical shape and size of the zno nps the tem micrograph and xrd DP confirmed the hexagonal wurtzite structure of zno nps the presence of PET CG and the chemical bonding are confirmed by ftir spectra eds shows that the highly pure zno nanostructures moreover the catalytic activity of synthesized zno in the reduction of methylene blue was studied by uvvis spectroscopy the effects of process conditions on the morphology and size of zno have been found from fesem and tem analyses respectively
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three bacterial strains designated as wphe sphe and ophe were isolated from greek soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pahcontaining waste from the wood processing steel and oil refinery industries wphe sphe and ophe were characterized and identified as species of pseudomonas microbacterium and paracoccus respectively based on gram IF biochemical tests phospholipid analysis fame analysis gc content and s rrna gene CS analysis the results of gas chromatography showed that strain wphe degraded naphthalene phenanthrene and mcresol over a wide temperature range CS sphe was a degrader of phenanthrene and nalkanes most interestingly CS ophe degraded anthracene phenanthrene fluorene fluoranthene chrysene and pyrene as well as cresol EDC and nalkanes as sole carbon source this is the first report of a representative of the genus paracoccus capable of degrading pahs with such versatility these three strains may be useful for bioremediation applications
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as part of a T0 to evaluate the longterm impact of communitydirected treatment with ivermectin cdti baseline entomological data on the transmission of onchocerciasis in the forest zone of the eastern kasai province were collected from july to january species of the simulium neavei complex were the only vectors found in the site during the T0 nuisance activity was low with a mean biting rate of only bitesmanday the mean parturity rate was the mean rate of infected females was and the mean number of infective onchocerca larvae per parous flies was these findings clearly show that the s neavei population at the study site has high vector capability and constitutes a large microfilarial reservoir the entomological features found in the T0 area are consistent with a hyperendemic zone
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insulin IB and downregulation were studied in primary cultures of human and rat HCs equilibrium IB characteristics were similar in the two species with a curvilinear scatchard plot compatible with IB CS of high and low apparent affinities the doseresponse curve for insulin stimulation of glycogen synthesis coincided with the doseoccupancy curve of the LA CS a maximal biological effect was reached at occupancy exposure of rat hepatocytes to x m insulin for h produced a decrease in IB capacity due to decreases in both types of IB sites and a decrease in maximal insulin stimulation of glycogen synthesis T3 SE to the same insulin concentration human cells had an decrease in maximum binding capacity due exclusively to a CR loss of low affinity sites and a total suppression of insulin stimulation of glycogen synthesis in both species there was a biphasic relation between degradation and IB over the range of insulin concentration producing binding mainly to high affinity CS degradation increased slowly as binding increased with higher insulin concentrations and saturation of high affinity sites degradation increased rapidly as IB to LA CS increased at equal levels of IB downregulated cells degraded insulin more rapidly than normal cells it is concluded that insulin bound to CS of low apparent affinity is responsible for the hormones glycogenic effect downregulation of human hepatocytes virtually eliminates such binding and the glycogenic response and also increases the rate of Kd of insulin in relation to the amount bound to high affinity sites human cells are more CS than rat cells to downregulation it is suggested that in human cells the major effects of exposure to insulin are an inhibition of insulin internalization and an increase in the rate of Kd of that insulin which is internalized in rat cells the major effects are a decrease in cell surface IB and an increased rate of Kd of internalized insulin
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the aim of this T0 is to evaluate the risk of developing myofascial pain syndrome among patients diagnosed with insomnia
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this paper presents a systematic procedure to evaluate the induced current densities and electric fields due to walkthrough metal detector wtmd exposure this procedure is then used to assess the exposure of nine Pr women models exposed to one wtmd model first we measured the magnetic field generated by the wtmd then we extracted the equivalent current source to represent the wtmd emissions and finally we calculated the induced current densities and electric fields using the impedance method the wtmd emissions and the induced fields in the Pr women and fetus models are then compared to the icnirp guidelines and the ieee c SE safety standard the results prove the consistency between maximum permissible exposure mpe levels and basic restrictions for the icnirp guidelines and ieee c we also found that this particular wtmd complies with the icnirp basic restrictions for month models but leads to both fetus and Pr women overexposure for month models the ieee c restrictions mpes and basic restrictions are not exceeded the fetus overexposure of this particular wtmd calls for carefully conducted safety evaluations of security systems before they are deployed
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the eaton classification is a radiographic rating used to define the severity of basal joint arthritis despite widespread use the intrarater and interrater reliability has never been determined seven men and women mean age years range y were clinically diagnosed with basal joint ICA forty radiographs of these patients basal joints right and left were staged according to eaton stages i through iv three hand surgeons with a certificate of added qualification and orthopedic surgical residents reviewed the films on separate occasions at least week apart the results of intrarater and IRR were assessed by using kappa statistical analysis with results classified as poor moderate or excellent the overall mean intrarater and interrater reliability was moderate and respectively the hand surgeons intrarater reliability was slightly better than the residents there was a greater difference in the mean interrater reliabilities among the hand surgeons than the orthopedic residents these results are similar to those found when other orthopedic radiographic classifications have been evaluated for interrater and intrarater reliability
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plasmablastic lymphoma is an uncommon bcell lymphoma representing of all nonhodgkin lymphoma associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection it displays a distinctive affinity for extranodal presentation in the oral cavity the case of a plasmablastic lymphoma present in the ovary cervix and soft thigh tissues of a yearold woman with HIV infection is reported
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the multifactorial pathology and broad clinical presentation of necrotizing enterocolitis nec development in premature infants make prediction of disease ON extremely challenging over the past decade packed red blood cell prbc transfusions have been temporally linked to the OD of nec in severely anemic PT infants although this issue is highly controversial
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previous research has indicated that normreferenced language assessment protocols are often biased against dialectal speakers recently the use of processing tasks has emerged as one possible means of reducing this bias in language testing processing tasks measure a childs ability to process and manipulate language rather than tap previous linguistic knowledge the present study utilized subjects between the ages of and in the following equal groupings WG normal language white language impaired african american normal language african american SLI the subjects were po the test of language developmentp toldp the nonword repetition task nrt and the competing language processing task clpt results indicated that all three measures differentiated normallanguage and languageimpaired subjects from one another with regard to cultural group confirmed speakers of african american english aae with normal language scored significantly lower on the toldp compared to WG normallanguage subjects scores of the aaespeaking subjects with normal language on the nrt and clpt however did not differ significantly from the white normallanguage subjects these results suggest that aae speakers with normally developing language ln may be at a disadvantage on tests of prior language knowledge and that processing tasks may be a useful tool in combination with other assessment measures to make less biased clinical decisions
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prediction of survival can be relevant in palliative care in those units with selective admission policies and limited resources for planning patient management and in discharge planning for those patients expected to go home in this T0 AF most predictive of prognosis were identified those factors shown to have no effect on survival included the performance of investigations or procedures anticancer therapy morphine dose on admission and original admitting ward patients admitted primarily for pain control had a significant survival advantage over those patients admitted for palliation of some other symptom AS correlated well with predicted outcome factors most predictive of relative risk of death in a MVA were dyspnoea decubitus ulcers predicted outcome interventions and a diagnosis of lung cancer when symptoms alone were analysed dyspnoea and immobility carried the highest or of death
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to determine if gastric intramucosal ph changes during weaning from mechanical ventilation are related to gastric mucosal blood flow modifications we studied ventilatorsupported patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd who tolerated a h trial of spontaneous breathing with pressure support ventilation and were successfully extubated and patients with copd who failed such a trial gastric mucosal perfusion was assessed using gastric intramucosal ph phi by tonometry and laserdoppler flowmetry during the weaning attempt the failure weaning group developed a rapid shallow PLB poteins and or for fibre it is concluded that fct can be used to assess SE carbohydrate lipid and protein but not fibre intake in this military community
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although previous studies have demonstrated that water immersion to the neck ni results in a significant natriuresis and diuresis the mechanisms are incompletely delineated since recent studies have demonstrated that ni induces a marked increase in cardiac index it is possible that as a consequence renal hemodynamics may be augmented markedly during ni thereby mediating the encountered renal changes the present study was undertaken to delineate the effects of ni on renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate as assessed by the clearance of pah cpah and in cin respectively nine normal male subjects were studied on two occasions control and ni the conditions of seated posture and time of day were MZ immersion did not alter cin or cpah at a time when sodium excretion was increasing markedly the constancy of cpah during ni suggests that RBF is unaltered and that the natriuresis of ni is mediated independently of alterations in overall renal perfusion the sluggish decline of a naturiuresis during REC is consistent with the presence of a humoral factor contributing to the encountered natriuresis
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human TC ii tc ii gene was isolated and partially sequenced the gene is composed of nine exons and eight introns spanning approximately kb multiple potential transcription start CS were revealed by primer extension analysis the flanking region of the gene contained no tatalike motif but a IB motif for hip which is suggested to be important in the transcription of tataless housekeeping genes was identified in a region very close to the initiator methionine codon in addition potential IB CS for a variety of transcription AF such as sp ap cf nfil ets myb and ea were also observed comparison of the genomic structure of tc ii to other cblbinding proteins human gastric IF if and transcobalamin i tc i revealed similar intronexon organizations with respect to the number position and size of exons these results suggest that tc ii tc i and if genes have originated by gene duplications of an ancestral gene and tc ii unlike the other two cblbinding proteins is the product of a housekeeping gene
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RT RM and organabsorbed doses were calculated for patients receiving ilabeled monoclonal antibodies against CEA antigen for either diagnosis or therapy ten patients with confirmed liver PT who received doses ranging from to mci were evaluated urine and blood samples were taken in order to determine TB and RM activity respectively anterior and posterior gamma camera images were obtained at multiple times postinjection in order to quantitate activity uptake using the conjugate view counting method for the following organs and regions lungs liver spleen kidneys and the liver tumors in addition S3 regions of interest were drawn to generate red marrowabsorbed dose estimates for comparison to those obtained by blood sampling RT volumes were obtained from volumetric analysis of the patients computed tomographic T0 and tumor s values were obtained by assuming uniform distribution of the ilabeled monoclonal antibody in spherical RT regions considering all emitted electrons betaparticles and photons the following mean absorbed doses in radsmci injected were obtained lungs sd liver SP kidneys total body red marrow from blood sampling red marrow from sacral scintigraphy and liver tumors RT volumes ranged from to g and the percentage of uptakeg of monoclonal antibody into these tumors ranged from to there was a statistically significant difference between the two techniques for estimation of red marrow dose p less than this methodology permits calculation of tumor red marrow and organ dosimetry using planar gamma camera imaging
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we have examined mcr variant S2 frequencies in the general population of south east queensland and in a collection of adolescent dizygotic and MZ twins and family members to define statistical associations with hair and skin color freckling and mole count results of these studies are consistent with a linear recessive allelic model with multiplicative penetrance in the inheritance of red hair four alleles de rc rw and dh are strongly associated with red hair and fair skin with multinomial SRA showing odds ratios of and respectively an additional three lowpenetrance alleles vl vm and rq have odds ratios and relative to the wildtype allele to address the cellular effects of mcr variant alleles in signal transduction we expressed these receptors in permanently transfected hek cells measurement of receptor activity via induction of a campresponsive luc found that the rc and rw receptors were active in the presence of ndpmsh ligand but at much reduced levels compared with that seen with the wildtype receptor the ability to stimulate phosphorylation of the camp response element binding protein creb transcription factor was also apparent in all stimulated mcr variant alleleexpressing hek cell extracts as assessed by immunoblotting in contrast human melanoma cell lines showed wide R2 in the their ability to undergo campmediated creb phosphorylation SC of human MC of known mcr genotype may provide the best exp approach to examine the PET consequences for each mcr variant allele with this objective we have established more than melanocyte cellof these rejections concern subjects the of rejections of the null hypothesis concern frontal channels the null hypothesis is not rejected for epochs recorded with eyes open and during PS
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pulmonary perivascular interstitial fluid pressure px was measured as a CF of extravascular water accumulation w px was measured directly by wick catheters and openended needles inserted in the interstitium near the hilus of isolated perfused dog lobes lobes were studied at constant TPP ptp and vascular pressure pv arterial equal to A-V pressure pxw SMB had two distinct phases an initial low compliance phase interpreted as perivascular filling followed sometimes by an abrupt transition to a high compliance phase interpreted as alveolar flooding w at transition was between and of the initial lung weight perivascular compliance during filling at a ptp of cmho was gg wet lobe wtcmho which was onesixth that during alveolar flooding and times that at a ptp of cmho at the start of alveolar flooding estimated AM ISF pressure was slightly cmho below AM pressure palv at a ptp of cmho but considerably belov palv at high lung volumes these findings support the concept that alveolar surface tension reduces the interstitial fluid pressure below palv
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we studied RT induction in nu/nu mice by dhr cells an epithelial somatic cell hybrid containing the epsteinbarr virus ebv genome and by the parental d and hr cells groups of animals were inoculated with cells grown in culture with cells from tumors induced by the cell lines or with cells from lines derived from tumors the PT induced by dhr cells were undifferentiated carcinomas those induced by d cells were carcinomas and those induced by hr cells were poorly differentiated lymphomas preliminary data suggest that the number of ebv genome equivalents was sharply reduced in cells from both dhr and hr tumors subsequent passage of RT cells in vitro resulted in a partial REC in the number of ebv genome equivalents in hr cells and a complete REC in dhr cells the reduction in the number of ebv genomes in the tumor cells suggests that in vitro passage can influence the number of ebv genomes in these cells
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influenza a viruses continue to emerge from the aquatic avian reservoir and cause pandemics phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide CS of all eight influenza a virus rna segments indicate that all of the influenza viruses in mammalian hosts originate from the avian gene pool in contrast to the rapid progressive changes in both the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of rat virus gene lineages avian virus genes show far less variation and in most cases appear to be in evolutionary stasis there are periodic exchanges of influenza virus genes or whole viruses between species giving rise to pandemics of diseases in humans lower animals and birds the periodic emergence of influenza viruses in rat species has been illustrated by the appearance of a new influenza virus in horses in RNA china in phylogenetic analysis of classical hn avianlike hn and human hn viruses circulating in italian pigs reveals that genetic reassortment is taking place between avian and humanlike viruses in the EU pig population these studies provide evidence supporting the possibility that pigs serve as a mixing vessel for reassortment betw drugs uld in the treatment of nontophaceous gouty arthritis with recurrent attacks and to evaluate the least costly regimen among available uld
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compound action potentials were recorded from the RW in anesthetized rats in response to tonebursts and to continuous tones the responses to tonebursts were compared to crosscorrelograms of the responses to continuous tones that were amplitude modulated by pseudorandom noise the crosscorrelograms were similar in shape to the responses to tonebursts but the latencies of the two crosscorrelogram peaks decreased less when the sound intensity was increased from near threshold values than did the latencies of the peaks in the responses to tonebursts when an unmodulated tone was added to these stimuli the latencies of peaks in the response to tonebursts increased as the intensity of the unmodulated tone was increased however the effect of an unmodulated tone on the latencies of the peaks in the crosscorrelograms was more complex when the frequency of the unmodulated tone was below that of the modulated tone there was a decrease in the RL of the peaks in crosscorrelograms this decrease in RL was a CF of the intensity of the unmodulated tone and was similar to the decrease in latency seen when the intensity of a single modulated tone is increased these results are interpreted as supporting the findings of earlier research which showed that the crosscorrelogram of the unit response to amplitudemodulated tones has a latency that is nearly independent of the stimulus intensity in addition the data indicate that the decrease in the RL of the peaks in the crosscorrelograms of the gross response from the RW is a result of nonlinearity of the cochlear frequency analyzer and is not directly related to neural excitation in the cochlea
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we assessed the renal effects of the combination of ketorolac and sevoflurane anesthesia by using CS and specific markers of renal PT and distal tubular and glomerular CF thirty women asa physical status i and ii undergoing breast surgery received either ketorolac mg im or saline at premedication at the end and h T3 anesthesia maintained with sevoflurane Cmax of SS fluoride at h T3 the end of anesthesia were micromoll micromoll in the ketorolac group and micromoll micromoll in the control group mean and range not significant urine alphamicroglobulin indexed to urine creatinine was increased from h T3 the start of anesthesia until the first postoperative day in the ketorolac group peak level mgmmol upper limit of normal mgmmol but did not NC in the control group urine glutathionestransferase gstalpha indexed to urine creatinine gstalphacreatinine and gstpicreatinine were increased h T3 anesthesia and returned to baseline values thereafter in both CG there were no changes in serum cystatin c and urine kallikrein or urine output per hour between groups the perioperative administration of ketorolac to healthy well hydrated patients anesthetized with sevoflurane did not produce renal glomerular or tubular dysfunction
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diabetes mellitus is one of the most common causes of neuropathy although antioxidant and antidiabetic effects of the aqueous extract of purslane portulaca oleracea aeop have been demonstrated before by other researchers we did not find any T0 that assessed the psychobiological effects of aeop in diabetes induced animals thirty ovariectomized ovx female wistar rats were randomly divided into CG of control dia and diaaeop the latter group was orally treated by mgkg of aeop for days dia and diaaeop CG were made diabetic by ip injection of mgkg of streptozotocin stz the psychobiological effects of aeop were assessed by morris water maze mwm elevated plus maze epm FST fst and tail pinch stressor tps aeop significantly decreased hyperglycemia p diabetes significantly decreased their spatial cognitive performance at the training trial as well as the total distance traveled at the probe trial in mwm p all the diabetes related deficits at training trials were improved by aeop treatment p aeop treatment not only improved the motor deficit of dia group in epm but also showed anxiolytic effects compared to both control and dia groups p in the fst no differences were observed between any groups p diabetes significantly increased their nonfunctional masticatory activity in tps p⤠while it was improved in diaaeop group we showed that aeop has significant anxiolytic effects and it can improve spatial cognitive performance locomotor deficit and stress in diabetic ovx rats
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IC hemorrhage is a subtype of stroke that has a poor prognosis without an adequate therapy recently the use of anesthetics such as isoflurane has been shown to be protective after cerebral ischemia however the potential therapeutic effect of isoflurane after intracerebral hemorrhage ich has not been fully explored
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eosinophilic pustular folliculitis epf is a disorder associated with a high expression of interleukin by t helper cells treatment involving t helper th modulation has been shown to be ERP we report that the occurrence of bowens disease in the medical care zone of the university of occupational and environmental health in the kitakyushu industrial area is more frequent in yahatahigashiku yahatanishiku and wakamatsuku than in tobataku kokurakitaku and kokuraminamiku we also show that these cases are more common in the regions with steel and coalrelated industries which is suggestive of a higher rate of th modulation associated with these occupations similarly the incidence of epf per unit population was found to be high in tobataku and low in yahatahigashiku which indicates that epf is a typical disease of hygiene hypothesis
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to compare the safety and efficacy of topical nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs nsaids for the control of pain T3 excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy prk
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the pathological ATP of progressive disability in multiple sclerosis is hypothesized to be axonal loss differences in the demographic pathological and radiological features of patients with primary progressive compared with SPMS raise the question as to whether they actually represent separate clinical entities so far large pathological studies comparing axonal damage between primary progressive and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis have not been reported in this clinicopathological T0 we examined the cervical spinal cord in patients with primary and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis human cervical spinal cord was derived at autopsy from patients PP AA progressive and controls tissue was stained IHC and examined to determine i the number of surviving corticospinal tract axons ii the extent of grey and VWM demyelination iii the degree of inflammation inside and outside of lesions and iv the relationship between demyelination and axonal loss associated clinical data was used to calculate expanded disability status scale for each patient preceding death motor disability in the primary progressive and secondary progressive CG was similar preceding death AA progressive multiple sclerosis patients showed considerably more extensive demyelination of both the white and grey matter of the C2 spinal cord the total nuich RT cells positive for s vimentin EMA and galectin but lacking cytokeratins PIT hormones and neuroendocrine markers derivation from PIT folliculostellate cells fscs has been suggested based upon immunohistochemical and ultrastructural characteristics shared by sco and fscs cases of sco have been reported to date of these underwent a benign clinical course and recurred we report a case of sco with typical histologic and immunohistochemical features in addition to marked cellular pleomorphism and nuclear atypia it showed slow regrowth over a month period of followup despite combined surgical and radiotherapy despite the benign course of most reported cases additional experience with longer followup are needed to assess clinical histopathologic and proliferative indices and their relevance to optimal therapy for this rare PIT RT
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the purpose of this review is to describe the most common complications of home total parenteral nutrition their ID treatment and prevention data sources were manuscripts and abstracts published in the english literature since studies were selected for summarization in this review on the basis of clinical relevance to the practicing clinician home total parenteral nutrition is a relatively safe lifesaving method for nutrient delivery in patients with compromised gastrointestinal function however numerous complications with associated morbidity and mortality involving the delivery system and the gastrointestinal renal and skeletal systems may develop catheterrelated complications are often preventable and treatable when they occur although renal and bone abnormalities have elusive etiologies
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rhodococcus opacus erythropolis hl pm grows on trinitrophenol picric acid or dinitrophenol dnp as sole nitrogen source a gene cluster involved in picric acid degradation was recently identified the PET assignment of three of its genes npdc npdg and npdi and the tentative functional assignment of a fourth one npdh is reported the genes were expressed in escherichia coli as histag fusion proteins that were purified by niaffinity chromatography the enzyme activity of each protein was determined by spectrophotometry and hplc analyses npdi a hydride GOT catalyses a hydride transfer from reduced f to the aromatic ring of picric acid generating the hydride sigmacomplex hydride meisenheimer complex of picric acid hpa similarly npdi also transformed dnp to the hydride sigmacomplex of dnp a second hydride GOT npdc catalysed a subsequent hydride transfer to hpa to produce a dihydride sigmacomplex of picric acid hpa all three reactions required the activity of npdg an nadphdependent f reductase for shuttling the hydride ions from nadph to f npdh converted hpa to a hitherto unknown product x the results show that npdc npdg and npdi play a key role in the initial steps of picric acid Kd and that npdh may prove to be important in the later stages
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although the prognosis of patients with EC has been improved by extended dissection the incidence of recurrence still remains high in EC positron emission tomography pet using ffluorodeoxyglucose fdg already demonstrated to be useful for initial staging and monitoring response to therapy this prospective T0 compared the ability of fdgpet and conventional imaging to detect early recurrence of esophageal CA after initial surgery in asymptomatic patients
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the objective of this T0 was to examine differences in catecholamine ca response to exercise between children who had received a diagnosis of attentiondeficithyperactivity disorder adhd and age and gendermatched controls on the basis of the notion of a ca dysfunction in adhd we reasoned that the normal robust increase in circulating ca seen in response to exercise would be blunted in children with adhd to test this we recruited treatmentnaïve children with newly diagnosed adhd and agematched controls all male and measured ca response to an exercise test in which the work was scaled to each subjects physical capability after exercise EN and norepinephrine increased in both control and adhd subjects p and p respectively but the responses were substantially blunted in the adhd group p even though the work performed did not differ from controls circulating dopamine increased significantly in the control subjects p but no increase was noted in the subjects with adhd finally a significant attenuation in the lactate response to exercise was found in adhd between groups p our data suggest that ca excretion T3 exercise challenges in children with adhd is deficient this deficiency can be detected using a minimally invasive nonpharmacologic challenge
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the graft copolymerization of nndimethylacrylamide onto guar gum initiated by potassium peroxymonosulphateglycolic acid redox pair in an AQ medium was studied gravimetrically under a nitrogen atmosphere grafting ratio grafting efficiency and add on increase on increasing the concentration of potassium peroxymonosulphate à to à mol dm and glycolic acid concentration à to à mol dm on increasing the pH from à to à mol dm grafting ratio efficiency add on and conversion were increased maximum grafting was obtained when GG and nndimethylacrylamide concentration were à g dm and à mol dm respectively an increase in temperature from °c to °c the grafting ratio increases but conversion and homopolymer decrease the optimum time period for graft copolymerization was h the graft copolymers were characterized by ir spectroscopy and TG analysis
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approximately two million nosocomial infections occur annually in patients admitted to acutecare hospitals in the usa factors that should be considered in setting national priorities for nosocomial infection prevention and control efforts include incidence mortality prolongation of stay cost of treatment and potential for prevention of infections at different CS national nosocomial infection priorities in the usa cover infections caused by emerging pathogens infections at selected CS including the bloodstream infections in intensivecare units infections resulting from contaminated devices and products development of the capability to analyze surveillance data in a timely fashion dissemination of information on effective prevention strategies to IC personnel and training of infection control personnel including physicians the mechanism used to disseminate information on ERP prevention strategies is the series of cdc guidelines for the prevention and control of nosocomial infections these guidelines address prevention of nosocomial infections at the four major sites handwashing and environmental control issues infection control in personnel health and isolation precautions
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the most important consequence of using chemotherapy for HD disease is its cure results of the mopp program developed at the national cancer institute in indicate that the majority of the of patients who attain pCR who are at risk for ten years have remained diseasefree the presence of PS and the histologic AT1 nodular sclerosis has had important negative influences on prognosis review of three longterm adverse consequences of chemotherapy revealed sterility to be the most significant effect of drug treatment in this young population adverse effects of the immunosuppressive drugs in mopp proved to be minimal the carcinogenic effect of mopp when used CT was surprisingly small but increased significantly when combined with irradiation national mortality from hodgkins disease has decreased abruptly since the introduction of effective chemotherapy for hodgkins disease in
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viscoelastic properties of human whole blood were measured in subjects persons f m following total Tx but without substitution therapy over three weeks as well as healthy control subjects f m were investigated in this study subjects with other variable AF were excluded the viscous and the elastic portion of apparent whole BV the latter subdivided into red cell aggregation and red cell rigidity were determined by using a newly developed oscillating capillary rheometer and densitymeter at the real hematocrit value and at a computed hematocrit of SS viscosity hematocrit hct hemoglobin hb mean corpuscular volume of red blood cells mcv free triiodothyronine ft free thyroxine ft and serumthyrotropin btsh were evaluated as well in a further subgroup of subjects patients with HT healthy control persons additional PV and sedimentation rate were determined red cell aggregation and BV especially at shearrates below sec increased significantly in hypothyroid patients there was no significant difference of red cell rigidity SS viscosity plasma viscosity and sedimentation rate as against euthyroids so new aspects of thyroid dysfunction could be described probably with consequences for therapy and for considerations about the development of atherosclerosis and ICM disorders
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the revised international prognostic scoring system ipssr was developed in a cohort of UT MDS syndromes mds patients a french prognostic scoring system fpss was recently reported to identify differential survival among azacitidinetreated patients with highrisk mds we applied the fpss and ipssr to patients previously randomized to azacitidine monotherapy or a combination of azacitidine with entinostat a histone deacetylase inhibitor neither score predicted response but both discriminated patients with different overall survival os median os fpss · · and · months p · ipssr · · · and months p · statistical analysis suggested no improvement in os prediction for the fpss over the ipssr in azacitidinetreated patients
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the purpose was to examine the effectiveness of lowcost abatement on childrens blood lead levels blood lead was analyzed before and after abatement in homes of children under years old with initial BPb of microgramdl ninetyfive percent of homes were built before abatement methods used were wetscraping and repainting deteriorated surfaces and wrapping window wells with aluminum or vinyl a control group was retrospectively selected control children were under years old had initial BPb of microgramdl and a followup level at least days afterward and did not have abatements performed in their homes between blood lead C2 T3 abatement statistically significant declines occurred in the intervention childrens blood lead levels the mean decline was to months after treatment T3 adjustment for seasonality and childs age the mean decline was microgramdl or the control childrens blood levels did not decline significantly there was a mean decline of microgramdl or after adjustment for seasonality and age the mean decline for control children was microgramdl or lowcost abatement and education are effective shortterm interim controls
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status epilepticus se is considered a lifethreatening medical emergency firstline treatment with AEDs aeds consists of intravenous benzodiazepines followed by phenytoin se is considered refractory rse when unresponsive to standard doses of the first two aeds scarce evidence is available to support TPS guidelines for the management of rse in either adults or children this study aimed to assess the tau and tolerability of intravenous iv lacosamide lcm in children affected by rse
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climate warming in arctic tundra may shift dominant vegetation from graminoids to deciduous shrubs whose functional traits could in turn alter biotic and abiotic controls over biogeochemical cycling of carbon c and nitrogen n we investigated whether shrubinduced changes in microclimate have stronger effects on litter decomposition and nutrient PR than changes in litter SQ and quantity in arctic tundra near toolik lake alaska usa we incubated a common substrate in a snowaddition experiment to test whether snow accumulation around arctic deciduous shrubs altered the environment enough to increase litter decomposition rates we compared the influence of litter quality on the rate of litter and n loss by decomposing litter from four different plant functional types in a common site we used aboveground net primary production values and estimated decay constant k values from our decomposition experiments to calculate communityweighted mass loss for each site snow addition had no effect on decomposition of the common substrate and the site with the highest abundance of shrubs had the lowest decomposition rates species varied in their decomposition rates with species from the same PET type not always following similar patterns communityweighted mass loss was times greater in the high shrub site and only slightly decreased when adjusted for soil environment suggesting that litter quality and quantity are the primary drivers of community decomposition our findings suggest that on a shooteins may contribute to the progesterone effects classical nuclear receptors pr membrane progesterone receptor component pgrmc membrane progesterone receptors mpr and γaminobutyric acid type a gabaa receptors after conversion to allopregnanolone in this review we will succinctly describe progesterone and allopregnanolone biosynthetic pathways and enzyme CSD in BB and spinal cord then we will summarize our work on Rp distribution and cellular expression in brain and spinal cord neurosteroid stimulation after nervous system injuries spinal cord injury traumatic brain injury and stroke and on progesterone and allopregnanolone neuroprotective effects in different experimental models including stroke and spinal cord injury we will discuss in detail the neuroprotective effects of progesterone on the NS via pr and of allopregnanolone via its modulation of gabaa receptors
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F1 sex ratios at the termination of parental care should theoretically be skewed toward the less expensive sex which in most avian species would be females the smaller gender among birds however raptors offer an unusual dynamic because they exhibit reversed size dimorphism with females being larger than males and thus theory would predict a preponderance of male F1 results for raptors and birds in general have been varied although populationlevel estimates of sex ratios in avian F1 are generally at unity adaptive adjustment of sex ratios in avian offspring is difficult to predict perhaps in part due to a lack of lifehistory details and shortterm investigations that cannot account for precision or repeatability of sex ratios across time we conducted a novel comparative study of sex ratios in nestling coopers hawks accipiter cooperii in two study populations across breeding generations during years in wisconsin one breeding population recently colonized metropolitan milwaukee and exhibited rapidly increasing population growth while the exmilwaukee breeding population was stable following lifehistory tradeoff theory and our prediction regarding this socially monogamous species in which reversed sexual size dimorphism is extreme firsttime breeding oneyearold secondyear females in both T0 populations produced a preponderance of the smaller and cheaper sex males whereas asy aftersecondyear â¥yearold females in milwaukee produced a nestling SR near unity and predictably therefore a greater proportion of females compared to asy females in exmilwaukee who produced a preponderance of males adjustment of sex ratios in both study populations occurred at conception life histories and selective pressures related to breeding population trajectory in two age cohorts of nesting female coopers hawk likely vary and it is possible that these differences influenced the sex ratios we documented for two age cohorts of female coopers hawks in wisconsin
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in addition to erythromycin macrolides now available in the united states include azithromycin and clarithromycin these two new macrolides are more chemically stable and better tolerated than erythromycin and they have a broader antimicrobial spectrum than erythromycin against MAC complex mac haemophilus influenzae nontuberculous mycobacteria and CT trachomatis all three macrolides have excellent activity against the atypical respiratory pathogens c pneumoniae and mycoplasma species and the legionella species azithromycin and clarithromycin have pharmacokinetics that allow shorter dosing schedules because of prolonged tissue C2 both azithromycin and clarithromycin are AS agents for mac prophylaxis in patients with latestage AIDS syndrome aids although azithromycin may be the preferable agent because of fewer drugdrug interactions clarithromycin is the most AS mac antimicrobial agent and should be part of any drug regimen for treating AS mac disease in patients with or without aids although both azithromycin and clarithromycin are well tolerated by children azithromycin has the advantage of shorter treatment regimens and improved tolerance potentially improving compliance in the treatment of respiratory tract and skin or soft tissue infections intravenously po azithromycin has been approved for treatment of adults with mild to moderate CAP or pelvic inflammatory diseases an area of concern is the increasing macrolide resistance that is being reported with some of the common pathogens particularly streptococcus pneumoniae GAS and h influenzae the emergence of macrolide resistance with these common pathogens may limit the clinical usefulness of this class of antimicrobial agents in the future
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an actinmodulating protein has been purified from rb AM macrophages utilizing deaesepharose and GF chromatography the purified protein which we have named acumentin is similar in structure and CF to a protein found in human PMNL southwick fs stossel tp j biol chem and has a stokes radius of a and sw of s consistent with a globular protein with a native molecular weight of acumentin has a molecular weight of as determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate this protein is present in high concentrations in macrophages representing about of the total protein in cytoplasmic extracts acumentin caps the pointed end of AFs labeled with heavy meromyosin southwick fs hartwig jh nature london thereby decreasing the final viscosity of monomeric actin polymerized in its presence without detectably increasing the critical monomer concentration the activity of this protein is inhibited by kcl concentrations above m and is CR inactive at a kcl concentration of m acumentins CF is equivalent in the presence or absence of cacl the presence of such a calciuminsensitive capping protein in both the human granulocyte and rabbit alveolar macrophage suggests acumentin may be of general importance in constitutively maintaining a shortened actin filament length CSD in the cytoplasm of the nonmuscle cell
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in an exp MM of SPK AAR renal transplants were performed on mixedbreed dogs capecitabine cpc was po as an oral immunosuppressive agent all recipients received SVR cpc cyclosporine csa prednisolone and FAM throughout the study two dogs developed superficial keratitis which was characterized by multifocal geographic erosions superficial corneal epithelial pigmentation and corneal neovascularization these clinical signs correlated with the dose of cpc given whereas other drug doses remained unchanged after euthanasia routine histologic sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and with alcian blue periodic acidschiff for LM evaluation ocular histopathologic abnormalities were limited to neovascularization and inflammatory infiltrate of the anterior corneal stroma and abnormal basal cell morphology disorganization thinning and pigmentation of the corneal epithelium the purpose of this communication is to describe the clinical and histopathologic evidence of cpc corneal toxicity in dogs
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to develop a cureacontaining capsule for more economic and CS diagnosis of helicobacter pylori infection the cureacontaining capsules were prepared with various additives such as polyethylene glycol microcrystalline cellulose sodium lauryl sulfate and citric acid their dissolution test and curea breath test in human volunteers were then performed PE glycol increased the initial dissolution rates of urea and difference delta c values from curea while MCC and sodium lauryl sulfate decreased them irrespective of addition of citric acid the compositions with polyethylene glycol showed higher values from curea compared to a commercial mg cureacontaining capsule due to higher initial dissolution rate the capsules with mg curea and mg PE glycol which showed higher helicobacter pyloripositive value of about per thousand at min improved the sensitivity of curea in human volunteers thus the cureacontaining capsule with polyethylene glycol would be a more economical and sensitive preparation for diagnosis of helicobacter pylori infection
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HCC carcinoma hcc is the second commonest cancer in taiwan the national surveillance program can detect hcc in its early stages and various curative modalities including surgical resection orthotopic liver transplantation and local ablation are employed for the treatment of small hcc local ablation therapies are currently advocated for earlystage hcc that is unresectable because of comorbidities the need to preserve LF or refusal of resection among the various local ablation therapies the most commonly used modalities include percutaneous ethanol injection and radiofrequency ablation rfa percutaneous acetic acid i.t. and MW ablation are used less often rfa is more commonly employed than other local ablative modalities in taiwan because the technique is highly effective minimally invasive and requires fewer sessions rfa is therefore advocated in taiwan as the firstline curative therapy for unresectable hcc or even for resectable hcc however current rfa procedures are less ERP against tumors that are in highrisk or difficulttoablate locations are poorly visualized on ultrasonography us or are large recent advancements in rfa in taiwan can resolve these issues by the creation of artificial ascites or pleural effusion application of RT virtual us assistance use of ACT before rfa or use of switching rf controllers with multiple electrodes this review article provides updates on the clinical outcomes and advances in local ablative modalities mostly rfa for hcc in taiwan
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an adhesive exopolysaccharide eps from a biofilm forming marine CS ade identified as bacillus megaterium using conventional microbiological test and s rdna analysis contained carbohydrate uronic acid and pyruvate on dry weight basis as per colorimetric determinations and found anionic in nature by ion exchange chromatography paper chromatographic and hplc analysis of eps hydrolysate indicated presence of arabinose glucose mannose galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid its molecular weight was à da by GPC ftir spectroscopic analysis of eps revealed presence of hydroxyl and carboxyl CG particularly eps exhibited an adhesive nature and could glue wood metals and acrylic plastic using this eps adhesive wv maximum lap shear strength observed was mpa at ph and °c curing temperature for wood to wood specimen as compared to mpa obtained with fevicol to wv
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aminopeptidase n apn which is widely distributed in mammalian tissues is able to cleave numerous RP the selective inhibitor of apn i rb has been used to study the distribution of this exopeptidase during rat prenatal development and adult life by in vitro wholebody autoradiography in the CNS system apn shows a weak labeling compared to the major part of the nonnervous tissues in the embryo and in the adult apn is progressively expressed in kidney intestine HR lung sensory organs eye and thymus in organs such as the CL the cartilages and the bones altered levels of apn expression are observed during the development or in the embryo compared to the AD suggesting a role of apn during the liver haematopoiesis and bone growth at this time all the physiological functions of apn are still incompletely known however its developmental pattern of expression strongly suggests a CF of modulation of this enzyme during the OD next in physiological andor pathological situations in AD in this way apn could represent a new therapeutic target in pathological processes such as tumoral proliferation andor angiogenesis associated with cancer OD where an increase in the level of this enzyme has been observed
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various AF contribute to the development of PCT pct in this case report we describe a patient with hepatitis c infection and chronic renal failure the individual mechanisms which promote cutaneous disease are discussed finally we propose that each factor may have an additive effect in prolonging the skin lesions of pct
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exercise increases the expression of lipoprotein lipase lpl and glut in skeletal muscle intense exercise increases catecholamines and catecholamines without exercise can affect the expression of both lpl and glut to test the hypothesis that adrenergicreceptor signaling is CE to the induction of lpl and glut by exercise six untrained individuals age sd yr peak oxygen uptake lmin performed two exercise bouts within days exercise consisted of cycling at approximately peak oxygen uptake for min with block trial and without con adrenergicreceptor blockade exercise intensity was the same during the block and control trials plasma catecholamine concentrations were significantly higher and heart rates were significantly lower during the block trial compared with the con consistent with known effects of adrenergicreceptor blockade however blockade did not prevent the induction of either lpl or glut proteins assayed in biopsies of skeletal muscle lpl was significantly increased by and glut was significantly increased by at h after exercise compared with before exercise during both the control and block trials these findings provide evidence that exercise increases muscle lpl and glut protein content via signals generated by alterations in cellular homeostasis and not by adrenergicreceptor stimulation
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in guinea pigs between days of pregnancy prenatal growth has been manipulated by alteration of nutritional state three methods were used uterine artery ligation at day of pregnancy depressed fetal growth rate by greater than and was associated with falls in plasma insulin igf cortisol thyroid hormone gl acetate and free HFA concentrations and rises in that of igf glucagon and amino acids fetal plasma was inhibitory to sulphate incorporation into pig costal cartilage CR food withdrawal from Pr guinea pigs for days at days of pregnancy caused mild fetal growth retardation and similar changes in plasma constituents except in that plasma igf concentrations were now depressed and plasma was not inhibitory to sulphate incorporation into pig costal cartilage production of hypoglycaemia by timesdaily maternal injections of glucose between days of pregnancy accelerated fetal growth rate it also elevated fetal plasma concentrations of insulin igf igf sulphationpromoting activity thyroid hormones glucose and free fatty acids and depressed that of glucagon and amino acids fetal growth rate during the exp period showed a good correlation with plasma glucose insulin and igf and to a certain extent with sulphationpromoting activity it did not correlate closely with fetal plasma igf concentration hepatic glycogen concentrations showed a good correlation with plasma igf levels
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airway one in children may be caused by conditions such as V1 compression and congenital tracheobronchomalacia obstructive pulmonary V1 disease may be a detrimental sequel for patients with congenital heart disease we evaluate our own original external stenting technique as a treatment option for these patients
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a yearold man was referred to the university of occupational and environmental health hospital because a chest roentgenogram obtained at an annual medical examination showed an abnormal shadow we treated the patient for tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica which caused segmental obstructive pneumonia that proved to be difficult to accurately diagnose before surgery
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AHC has a high propensity to become chronic which provides the rationale for treating patients with acute disease attempting to prevent chronicity almost all published studies on therapy of acute hepatitis c have been small in size uncontrolled and highly heterogeneous as to patient features dose and duration of treatment followup DUE and criteria used to define efficacy and safety the published studies on treatment of AHC have used standard alfa or beta interferon monotherapy none have evaluated ACT of interferon and ribavirin or peginterferon several metaanalyses of published studies have concluded that initiation of interferon monotherapy during the acute phase of HC virus hcv infection significantly reduces by to evolution to chronic hepatitis the tolerability of interferon in AHC has been excellent even in symptomatic and icteric patients the side effects and adverse events being similar in type and frequency to those seen when treating chronic cases thus currently available data support treatment of patients with AHC but data are insufficient to draw firm conclusions about which patients to treat when therapy should be started or what regimen is optimal future studies of adequate size and design should focus on tau and tolerability of peginterferons and whether therapy should be started immediately T3 diagnosis or delayed for to months to avoid treatment of patients who spontaneously recover
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capillary electrophoresis has been widely used for the analysis of physiological samples such as plasma and microdialysate however sample destacking can occur during the analysis of these highionic strength samples resulting in poor separation efficiency and reduced sensitivity a technique termed phmediated stacking of anions base stacking has previously been developed to analyze microdialysate samples and achieve online preconcentration of analytes by following sample injection with an i.t. of sodium XTT in this work the mechanism of base stacking was investigated peak efficiency was shown to be a CF of BG electrolyte and sample ionic strength analytes representing several classes of compounds with a wide range of mobilities were used to study the effects of multiple parameters on sample stacking the length of hydroxide i.t. required for stacking was shown to be dependent on analyte mobility and the type of amine BG electrolyte used combinations of electrokinetic and hydrodynamic i.v. of sample and hydroxide were examined and it was concluded that although stacking could be achieved with several injection modes electrokinetic i.t. of both sample and hydroxide was most effective for sample stacking the mechanism of phmediated stacking for each of these modes is presented
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a variety of conditions have been anecdotally ascribed to induced abortion including subsequent reproductive complications since most women obtaining induced abortions are at the beginning of their reproductive life the effect of induced abortion on subsequent reproduction becomes a very significant one our review of the literature confirms findings reported previously first except in the case where an infection complicates IA there is no evidence of an association between induced abortion and AA infertility or ectopic pregnancy second the risk of midtrimester abortion premature delivery and low birthweight in women whose first pregnancy is terminated by VA is not higher than that in women in their first pregnancy or women in their second pregnancy whose first pregnancy was cstable isotope enrichments and concentrations of both leu and kic were determined from a single ml sample by the use of internal standards and electron ionization gcms analysis T3 a simple isolation and derivatization procedure the kicleu enrichment ratio was measured for the first time in fetal arterial plasma and was se fetal leucine disposal rate was se micronminkg disposal rates determined by SD isotopes were not different from those determined by radioactive isotopes the gcms stable isotope method provided higher precision in both leucine concentration and enrichment measurements and has been shown to be a general method for the determination of concentration and isotopic enrichment of other amino acids and their corresponding keto acids furthermore this method is ideally suited to clinical studies where C1 numbers of samples of rather small volume can easily be studied with a short turnaround time
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plasma levels of cortisol were sampled for hours in endogenously depressed ed patients and controls to examine mean hour plasma levels of cortisol intervention in the feedback mechanism of the hypothalamicpituitaryadrenal system the dexamethasone suppression test the CR of cortisol secretion and its magnitude and the ultradian rhythm of cortisol secretion the main difference in the DP of cortisol secretion in ed patients as compared with controls was in the ultradian rhythm no acrophase or nadir advance of cortisol secretion in endogenous depression was found when age was controlled but there was an earlier timing of first secretory episode of cortisol during night only some ed patients have abnormalities in each of the functions studied and they only partially overlap each other the results suggest that abnormal cortisol secretion in depression should not be viewed as a monolithic malfunction characteristic of endogenous depression
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to T0 the subclass CSD of autoantibodies and their complementfixing capacity in cicatricial pemphigoid cp and EBA eba we studied the sera from patients by both indirect immunofluorescence iif on microns cryostat sections of normal human skin and immunoblotting of epidermal or dermal extracts monoclonal antibodies of strict specificity for human igg subclasses were used sera from patients with bp served as controls in addition total igg subclass C2 were determined by indirect competitive elisa in all sera complement binding capacity was studied by iif using antibodies to c after incubation of skin section with autoantibodies and source of fresh complement cp autoantibodies reacting with the kd andor the kd epidermal bands showed an iggigg subclass restriction with a predominance of igg in cases of igg in four in bp sera igg and igg autoantibodies were detected with a similar frequency and respectively in eba sera autoantibodies reacting with the kd and kd dermal bands also showed an iggigg restriction concordant results were obtained by iif however the iif method had a lower sensitivity for the PCD of igg cp antibodies and igg eba antibodies than immunoblotting finally when cp antibodies were analyzed for their complementbinding activity it was found that sera containing igg autoantibodies alone never fixed complement whereas all complementfixing cp sera had igg autoantibodies suggesting that only this subclass of antibodies is capable of fixing complement
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patients with complex medical care needs often embark on multiple care EMT over an extended period of time as these patients or their caregivers often become the chief source of communication for complex medical situations each transition can create an opportunity for health care PE combining the efforts of the established departments of chronic care coordination ccc clinical pharmacy call center cpcc and continuing care kaiser permanente colorado created programs to further safe care EMT
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multidrugresistant tuberculosis mdrtb has emerged as an important global health concern and is on the rise throughout the world
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a yearold male patient presented with a symptomatic mm pararenal aortic aneurysm the patient was classified as unsuitable for OS due to significant comorbidities fenestrated or branched endografts were contraindicated due to the poor iliac access mm diameter a double nellix with chimney endovascular aneurysm sealing chevas technique was selected to exclude the pararenal aortic aneurysm and to preserve renal arteries and the SMA i.a. technical preplanning considered the ideal PT landing zone to be close to the origin of the almost occluded CT and the distal common iliac arteries as the ideal distal landing zone the total length of the aorta to cover was estimated as mm requiring aortic evas systems bilaterally overlapped technical success was achieved and the patient was discharged on postoperative day in good GA condition successful aneurysm exclusion and target vessel patency without endoleak or stentgraft kinking or migration were confirmed at angiocomputed tomography at months
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to evaluate PD disease a new quantitative thallium ttomographic scintigraphic score tss modified massies score using oxygen consumption mets was developed and compared with coronary angiographic score cags in patients eight patients with normal coronary angiograms and five eight and six patients with one two and three vessel disease respectively without previous myocardial infarction all patients received both coronary angiography and the TM exercise test using tmyocardial single photon emission computed tomography spect within two weeks the RD area ra and washout rate area wa were derived from the circumferential profile analysis using apical a midventricular m and basal b shortaxis images to obtain tss values the sum of these values was divided both by percentage of the agepredicted maximal heart rate pmhr and the mets value as follows tss ra a m b wa a m bpmhr x mets the results were as follows tss values were and mean sd in normal one two and three VD groups respectively significant differences were found among each group except between two and three VD groups the detectability of significant PD disease was except in two patients with one VD a high correlation coefficient was found between tss x and cags y ie y x r p less than it was concluded that the tomographic scintigraphic score tss is useful not only for detecting multivessel disease but also for totallyevaluating its severity extent and influence on collateral supply and could be used for analyzing prognosis and the selection of therapeutic interventions
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although the precise mechanism of ventilating tube extrusion from the Tty membrane is undetermined it has often been attributed to epithelial migration however there has been no experimental evidence for such a hypothesis in this study epithelial migration was examined on human tympanic CM in which ventilating tubes had been inserted it was found that the presence of such tubes did not alter the pattern of migration it appears unlikely that epithelial migration CT is responsible for the extrusion process a mechanism for ventilating tube expulsion is proposed which is compatible with clinical and exp findings
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the mechanism of proton pump inhibitors ppis suppressing intestinal mg
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the highly ordered CSD of SN is an essential feature of a PET rat retina disruptions in the apicobasal polarity complexes at the outer limiting membrane olm of the retina are associated with retinal patterning defects in vertebrates we have analyzed the IB repertoire of mpppals a key member of the apicobasal crumbs polarity complex that has functionally conserved counterparts in zebrafish nagie oko and drosophila stardust we show that mpp interacts with its maguk family member mppp at the olm mechanistically this interaction involves heterodimerization of both maguk modules in a directional fashion mpp expression in the retina throughout development resembles the expression of whirlin a multipdz scaffold protein and an important organizer in the usher protein network we demonstrate that both proteins interact strongly by both a classical pdz domaintopdz binding motif pbm mechanism and a mechanism involving internal epitopes mpp and whirlin colocalize in the retina at the olm at the outer synaptic SL and at the basal HB and the ciliary axoneme in view of the known roles of the crumbs and usher protein networks our findings suggest a novel link of the core developmental processes of actin polymerization and establishmentmaintenance of apicobasal cell polarity through mpp these processes essential in neural development and patterning of the retina may be disrupted in eye disorders that are associated with defects in these protein networks
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alterations in the connective tissue of the arterial wall have been suggested to play a role in the development of macrovascular disease in diabetes mellitus the present study deals with changes in the content of gag in aortic tunichat they recognize and in the effector functions they carry out b and t lymphocytes utilize remarkably similar ST components to initiate responses they both use oligomeric receptors that contain distinct recognition and signal transduction subunits BCR on both cells interact with at least two distinct families of ptks via common sequence motifs arams in the cytoplasmic tails of their invariant chains which have likely evolved from a common evolutionary precursor coreceptors appear to serve to increase the sensitivity of both of these receptor systems through events that influence ligand binding and signal transduction the critical role of IMT phosphorylation of downstream signaling components such as phospholipase c is the net result of changes in the balance of the action of antigen receptorregulated ptks and ptpases the identification of downstream effectors including calcineurin and ras that regulate cellular responses such as lymphokine mRNA promises the future possibility of connecting the complex pathway from the plasma membrane to the nucleus in lymphocytes insight gained from studies of the signaling pathways downstream of tcr and bcr stimulation is likely to contribute significantly to future understanding of mechanisms responsible for lymphocyte differentiation and for the discrimination of self from nonself in developing and mature cells
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this paper analyzes data from a study conducted by the united states office of naval research on the effects of pulsed magnetic fields on chick embryos the experiment involved incubation of eggs under carefully controlled conditions in six different laboratories the original analysis included inappropriate statistical methodology for analyzing the experimental results since the conclusions from this T0 rest so heavily on the results of statistical analyses choosing the proper methodology is imperative the major aim of this paper then is to introduce more AGA analytic tools and illustrate their use in the present context qualitatively our results agree with those of the original analysis our findings about interactions between effects however makes interpretation of these effects more subtle we apply linear logistic modeling to counts of damaged embryos using as covariates factors corresponding to SE laboratory incubator run and measurements of BG radiation this facilitates estimation of the size of the effects the effects of laboratory incubator and run are explored both as fixed and random effects we find statistically significant SE and laboratory effects in accordance with the original study however we also find that the interlaboratory variation in exposure effect is at least as large as the exposure effect itself the presence of such effects fundamentally alters the interpretation of the fitted model as is graphically presented
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we have previously demonstrated in rat liver mitochondria a hydroperoxideinduced hydrolysis of pyridine nucleotides and release of ca lötscher h r winterhalter k h carafoli e richter c proc natl acad sci usa and lötscher h r winterhalter k h carafoli e richter c j biol chem here we investigate pyridine nucleotide hydrolysis and ca PR under conditions of minimized ca cycling and with smaller ca loads the extent of pyridine nucleotide hydrolysis measured by pyridinenucleotidederived nicotinamide PR from intact mitochondria and the ca PR rate show a very similar sigmoidal dependence on the mitochondrial ca load the hydrolysis of Ox pyridine nucleotides is limited under noncycling conditions whereas pyridine nucleotide hydrolysis as measured by nicotinamide PR is extensive net loss of mitochondrial pyridine nucleotides is observed only at relatively high ca loads our results indicate the ability of mitochondria to resynthesize pyridine nucleotides after hydrolysis neither a decrease of reduced nor an increase of oxidized mitochondrial glutathione favour ca PR from these and previous findings it is concluded that the hydroperoxideinduced ca release is triggered by a factor which is distal to the oxidation of mitochondrial pyridine nucleotides ca PR is stimulated when the movement of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane is facilitated giving evidence for the operation of the hydroperoxideinduced release pathway as a cah antiport
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one of our L1 aims was to find ways to utilize outdated or viruscontaminated blood pyridoxylated hemoglobin plphb a possible substitute for red cells as an artificial oxygen carrier was prepared from outdated human blood by conjugation with polyethylene glycol peg the biological t1/2 was increased about folds at blood replacement in rats without significant SE in vivo or in vitro we next tried to prepare virusfree pegplphb from hbv or htlvi positive blood a considerable amount of hbv dane particles could be removed from hbvpositive red cells by washing and during the preparation of pegplphb when the hemoglobin preparations containing dane particles were filtered through a porous cellulose filter bmm nm pore size asahi chemical industry co ltd osaka japan hbvdna in the filtered fractions became less than of the initial amount more than of blood leukocytes could be removed with a leukocyte removal filter sepacell r asahi medical co ltd tokyo japan the leukocytes collected from filtrated fractions of htlvi positive blood did not survive beyond days since transmission of htlvi occurs by cell to cell contact and is rare in CF condition it is unlikely that the plphb prepared from htlvi positive blood which is deprived of leukocytes transmits htlvi infection
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experimental cerebral malaria ecm is characterized by a strong immune response with leukocyte recruitment bloodbrain barrier breakdown and hemorrhage in the central NS phosphatidylinositol kinase γ pikγ is CE in signaling diverse cellular functions using pikγdeficient mice pikγ and a specific pikγ inhibitor we investigated the relevance of pikγ for the outcome and the neuroinflammatory process triggered by plasmodium berghei anka pba infection INF pikγ mice had greater survival despite similar parasitemia C2 in comparison with INF wild type mice histopathological analysis demonstrated reduced hemorrhage leukocyte accumulation and V1 one in the BB of infected pikγ mice pikγ deficiency also presented lower microglial activation iba reactive microglia and t cell cytotoxicity granzyme b expression in the brain additionally on day postinfection cdcd TA were significantly reduced in the BB of INF pikγ mice when compared to INF wild type mice furthermore expression of cd in cd t cell population in the brain tissue and levels of phosphoikbα in the whole BB were also markedly lower in infected pikγ mice when compared with infected wild type mice finally as a specific pikγ inhibitor significantly delayed lethality in infected wild type mice in brief our results indicate a pivotal role for pikγ in the pathogenesis of ecm
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TTS systems tsss are essential virulence devices for many GN bacteria that are pathogenic for plants animals and humans they serve to translocate virulence effector proteins directly into eukaryotic host cells tsss are composed of a large cytoplasmic bulb and a transmembrane region into which a needle is embedded protruding above the bacterial surface the emerging antibiotic resistance of bacterial pathogens urges the OD of novel strategies to fight bacterial infections therapeutics that rather than kill bacteria only attenuate their virulence may reduce the frequency or progress of resistance emergence recently a group of salicylidene acylhydrazides were identified as inhibitors of tsss in yersinia CT and salmonella species here we show that these are also effective on the tss of shigella flexneri where they block all related forms of protein secretion so far known as well as the epithelial cell invasion and induction of macrophage apoptosis usually demonstrated by this bacterium furthermore we show the first evidence for the detrimental effect of these EDC on tss needle assembly as demonstrated by increased numbers of ts apparatuses without needles or with shorter needles therefore the compounds generate a phenocopy of tss export apparatus mutants but with incomplete penetrance we discuss why this would be sufficient to almost completely block the later secretion of effector proteins and how this begins to narrow the search for the molecular target of these compounds
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magnesium mg deficiency has been reported to result in increases in bone resorption through changes in the cytokine system such as decreases in serum osteoprotegerin opg concentrations and increases in receptor activator of nfκb ligand rankl concentrations however there are few data about the effects of mg supplementation on opg and rankl this study was carried out to investigate the effects of mg supplementation on bone mineral density bmd bone mineral content bmc serum opg and rankl in ovariectomized ovx rats relative to calcium ca NI C2 fiftyfive spraguedawley female rats were divided into the following five CG and fed for weeks as indicated shamoperated control group sham ovx cadeficient group olca ca and mg ovx cadeficient and mgsupplemented group olcamg ca and mg ovx caadequate group oaca ca and mg and ovx caadequate and mgsupplemented group oacamg ca and mg the bmd of the lumbar spine femur and tibia in the ovx groups was significantly lower than that in the sham group the ovx group with an adequateca diet showed significantly higher bmc of the LS compared to the low cadiet group regardless of mg supplementation the oacamg group had significantly higher C2 of opg and opgrankl ratio than did the olca group from the above results it is still unclear whether mg supplementation can improve bone mineral status while mg supplementation with an adequateca diet resulted in a change in cytokines that may promote bone formation
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in order to investigate how the maternally specified animalvegetal axis of the sea urchin embryo is established we have examined the molecular basis of regulation of several genes transcribed differentially in nonvegetal and vegetal domains of the very early blastula here we present an initial characterization of the RII region of one of these span which encodes a protease in the astacin family related to drosophila tolloid and vertebrate bmp reynolds et al development tests of span promoter function in vivo show that highlevel activity and correct notvegetal expression are mediated by sequences within bp upstream of the basal promoter in vitro studies have identified six protein binding CS serviced by at least five different proteins comparison of the structure of the span promoter to that of sphe whose expression pattern is MZ shows that both promoters contain multiple positively acting upstream elements close to the basal promoter we show that two elements are critical for highlevel transcription of span since exact replacement of either results in to fold reduction in promoter strength these shared elements are however not essential for spatially correct sphe gene transcription we conclude that the coordinate strong MICs of the span and sphe promoters in the nonvegetal domain of the embryo rely primarily on different transcription factor activities
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this study examined the toxicity of irgarol individually and in binary mixtures with three other pesticides the fungicide chlorothalonil and the herbicides atrazine and d to the marine phytoplankton species dunaliella tertiolecta standard h static algal bioassays were used to determine pesticide effects on population growth rate irgarol significantly inhibited d tertiolecta growth rate at concentrations or micro gl irgarol was significantly more toxic to d tertiolecta than the other pesticides tested irgarol h ec micro gl chlorothalonil h ec micro gl atrazine h ec micro gl d h ec micro gl irgarol in mixture with chlorothalonil exhibited synergistic toxicity to d tertiolecta with the mixture being approximately times more toxic than the individual EDC irgarol and atrazine both triazine herbicides were additive in mixture the toxicity threshold of d was much greater than typical environmental levels and would not be expected to influence irgarol toxicity based on these interactions overlap of certain pesticide applications in the coastal zone may increase the toxicological risk to resident phytoplankton populations
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microangiopathy is the L1 cause of death in IDDM diabetes mellitus however the pathogenesis of microangiopathy is still far from clear this paper is a review of the literature on diabetic microangiopathy and discusses the current theories concerning its causes prevention and treatment the roles of abnormal gl metabolism protein glycosylation genetic AF and puberty as well as the changes in vascular EC capillary permeability and blood constituents in the OD of microangiopathy are discussed the benefits of strict control of blood gl concentrations are discussed along with the action of various pharmaceutical S9 such as aldose reductase inhibitors hydroxyrutosides pentoxifylline and free radical scavengers currently assessed in the prevention or treatment of diabetic microangiopathy
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the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of neutral microporous resin hemoperfusion on oxygenation improvement removal of inflammatory cytokines in plasma and BAL lavage and mortality in acute lung injury induced by extrapulmonary sepsis fortysix patients with ALI induced by extrapulmonary sepsis were randomized to ha type HP treatment n or standard therapy n those undergoing hemoperfusion treatment received ha HP we measured the plasma and BAL lavage concentrations of tnfα and il and the following parameters were compared between the control group and the hemoperfusion group on days and lung injury measurements arterial oxygen tensionfractional inspired oxygen ratio LIS chest xray score interstitial edema of lung extravascular lung water duration of mechanical ventilation hospital day and intensive care unit mortality were also observed patients treated with ha HP showed a significant removal of plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage tnfα and il over time while in the study patients in the ha group also demonstrated not only significant improvement of pao fio but also decreased lung injury score and chest xray score at days and furthermore the measurements of the arterial oxygen tensionfractional inspired oxygen ratio lung injury score and EVLW evlwi significantly correlated with and the concentration of cytokines in the plasma all p the ha HP treatment group had a significant reduction in duration of mechanical ventilation length of intensive ECU stay and intensive ECU mortality significant removal of inflammatory cytokines from circulation and lung by HP treatment using the ha type cartridge may contribute to the improvement of lung injury and intensive ECU outcome in extrapulmonary septic patients
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coagulation profile was studied in patients of SLE erythematosus sle abnormal kaolin clotting time kct was observed in fewer patients as compared to abnormal russels viper venom time rvvt or G1 partial thromboplastin time aptt prolonged prothrombin time pt observed in per cent patients was not found to be a sensitive test for lupus AC lac the correction of rvvt and kct on addition of inosithin suggested a deficiency of PLT lipid factor in these patients the initial value of UCVA kct in patients plasma did not correlate with the amount of inosithin required for neutralisation occurrence of thromboembolic events was significantly associated with prolonged kct no other clinical feature showed significant association with any coagulation abnormality
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chromosome CSD of nucleolus organizer regions nors and s rdna loci were investigated in platyfish xiphophorus maculates using conventional and molecular cytogenetic techniques chromomycin a cma IF of gc rich heterochromatin provided four cma cytotypes in studied platyfish as in fish cma positive CS are related to nors chromosomes sequentially stained by cma and agno showed bright blocks that were transcriptionaly active nors additionally prins with primers enabling amplification of s rdna and cma IF revealed existence of s rdna sites located close to gc rich regions the analysis could suggests that minor and major rdnas may be linked
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αreductase αr and αreductase αr convert testosterone into the more potent androgen dihydrotestosterone αr is the main isoenzyme in normal prostate tissue however most prostate PT have increased αr and decreased αr expression previously finasteride αr inhibitor treatment begun weeks posttumor implantation had no effect on dunning rh rat prostate tumor growth we believe the RT compensated for finasteride treatment by increasing tumor αr expression or activity we hypothesize that finasteride treatment would not significantly alter tumor growth even if begun before tumor implantation whereas dutasteride αr and αr inhibitor treatment would decrease RT growth regardless of whether treatment was initiated before or T3 tumor implantation
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to determine PCPs interest in continuing medical education cme in geriatrics the authors surveyed all virginia FP fp physicians and IM im physicians a total of sixtyone percent responded of which were fp physicians and were in im on a visual analog scale to measure the physicians interest in geriatrics education from unimportant to very important the fp physicians mean score was the im physicians mean score was the preferred form of education was a twotothreeday conference and the preferred topics were acute care longterm care and rehabilitation stepwise multiple regression showed that the physicians intent to take the added qualifications in geriatric medicine examination was the L1 predictor of their interest in geriatrics education r p also significant contributors were the total amount of geriatric care the physicians provided the home visits they provided their prior participation in geriatrics cme conferences absence of a negative attitude toward the medicare system and their lack of confidence in their current knowledge of geriatrics the final model could account for of these physicians interest in future cme in geriatrics r these findings may help geriatrics educators develop methods to educate primary care providers about geriatrics
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despite the common use of guinea pigs in investigations of the neural mechanisms of binaural and spatial hearing their behavioral capabilities in spatial hearing tasks have surprisingly not been thoroughly investigated to begin to fill this void we tested the spatial hearing of AD male guinea pigs in several experiments using a paradigm based on the PPI ppi of the acoustic startle response in the first experiment we presented continuous broadband noise from one speaker location and switched to a second speaker location the prepulse along the azimuth prior to presenting a brief ⼠db spl startleeliciting stimulus we found that the startle response amplitude was systematically reduced for larger changes in speaker swap angle ie greater ppi indicating that using the speaker swap paradigm is sufficient to assess stimulus detection of spatially separated sounds in a second set of experiments we swapped low and highpass noise across the midline to estimate their ability to utilize interaural time and leveldifference cues respectively the results reveal that guinea pigs can utilize both binaural cues to discriminate azimuthal sound sources a third set of experiments examined spatial PR from masking using a continuous BBN masker and a broadband chirp signal both presented concurrently at various speaker locations in GA animals displayed an increase in startle amplitude ie lower ppi when the masker was presented at speaker locations near that of the chirp signal and reduced startle amplitudes increased ppi indicating lower detection thresholds when the noise was presented from more distant speaker locations in summary these results indicate that guinea pigs can discriminate changes in source location within a hemifield as well as across the midline discriminate sources of low and HP sounds demonstrating that they can effectively utilize both lowfrequency interaural time and highfrequency level difference sound localization cues and utilize spatial PR from masking to discriminate sound sources this report confirms the guinea pig as a suitable spatial hearing MM and reinforces prior estimates of guinea pig decreased with the increase of turning angle which caused a result that the peak ucof values of ° turn were significantly greater than that for ° turn this suggests that turning angle had little effect on possibility of slip of spin turning but great effect on that of step turning and the greater angle led smaller possibility of slip
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the intracellular localization of mesotetraphenylporphines sulfonated to different degrees tppsn in a human cervix HEp-2 nhik was studied by FM and fluorescence spectroscopy after an h incubation tpps tppsa and tppso were localized in extranuclear LG studies of cells stained with both tpps and AO which is known to fluoresce red in lysosomes indicated that these LG were lysosomes in addition a fraction of the cellbound tpps tppsa and tppso seems to be associated with the plasma membrane fluorescence quenching studies of cells doublestained with acridine orange and tpps indicated that tpps is also localized in the nucleus and in the extralysosomal cytoplasm the intracellular location of tpps differed from that of the other tppsns studied in out of experiments fluorescing extranuclear granules were found a diffuse fluorescence extending from the perinuclear area was also observed
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hepatic CF tests were performed on dogs that had been given primidone phenytoin or a combination of anticonvulsant drugs for months or longer except for histories of seizures of the dogs were healthy at the time the tests were performed abnormal test results were observed most frequently in dogs given only primidone and in dogs given combinations of anticonvulsant drugs the test results that were abnormal most often were those for alanine transaminase and alkaline phosphatase activities and BSP excretion the dosage of anticonvulsant drug was found to modify certain test results statistically significant positive correlations were found between the dosage of PRM and SS alanine transaminase activity and between the dosage of phenytoin and SS ALP phosphatase activity four of the dogs were examined because of signs of weakness and anorexia and also had ascites three of the dogs were euthanatized to days T3 admission with clinical signs compatible with hepatic failure and cirrhosis of the CL was confirmed at necropsy the fourth dog died at home and was not necropsied four of the remaining dogs that apparently were healthy at the time of examination had abnormalities in hepatic PSA test results that were comparable with those in the dogs with clinical illness we concluded that although results of hepatic biochemical tests frequently may be abnormal in dogs given anticonvulsant drugs LT severe hepatic injury is observed less oftenabstract truncated at words
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a doubleblind T0 with intraindividual comparisons was carried out to investigate the effects of mg of ralphahydroxyisopropylalphahtropanium bromidetropate sch mg sch mg OX mg oxazepam and placebo with p.o. in randomized CS on gastric juice volume amount of acid concentration and ph values in healthy volunteers the secretion parameters were measured during a h basal period and a h stimulation period the gastric juice was obtained in min portions via stomach tube stimulation was effected by mugkgh PG via drip infusion the friedman test was used for the comparative statistical evaluation and individual comparisons were carried out by means of the wilcoxon test pairdifferences rank the results show that sch and sch OX were equal in effect on basal and stimulated secretion volume as compared with PL it was not possible to establish an effect on secretion volume for oxazepam CT sch and sch oxazepam were found to be equipotent in reducing the amount of basal acid while oxazepam reduced this quantity only during the first min of basal secretion none of the three AS S9 was capable of inhibiting the stimulated acid although both sch preparations produced a clear trend towards lowered mean values during the basal secretion period all three test S9 had an inhibiting action on acid concentration but none of them had a significant effect during the stimulation period the ph value was savely increased only by sch and sch oxazepam and this even only during the basal period the results are discussed
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the comparative analysis of s typhi clinical strains isolated from patients and carriers in dnepropetrovsk province in was carried out as shown by this analysis vi phage types were represented in the set of strains under T0 phage types a and f being the most numerous ones phage type f occurred less frequently among the strains isolated from carriers of the strains were found to contain plasmids with different molecular weight ranging from to md the occurrence of plasmidcontaining strains remained at the same level during the whole period under T0 lowmolecular plasmids occurred more frequently in the strains isolated from carriers the minimal suppressive concentrations of a number of antibiotics such as penicillin ampicillin monomycin chloramphenicol tetracycline rifampicin and streptomycin were determined of the strains were resistant to penicillin to monomycin to tetracycline and to chloramphenicol the rho between penicillin and monomycin resistance of the strains and the presence of the plasmid with a molecular weight of md in these strains was established all strains were shown to be highly variable in the degree of their virulence from to the strains isolated from patients possessed greater virulence
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because of predisposing systemic disease the frequent administration of medication and the use of a CR denture oral candidiasis is a common problem among older chronically ill institutionalized adults this randomized clinical trial was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of an antifungal denture soaking solution ml nystatin liquid iuml dissolved in ml of distilled water producing iu NYS ml solution used as an adjunct to a nystatin vaginal lozenge iug dissolved in the mouth three times daily for seven days in a group of older chronically ill institutionalized adults although the clinical signs and symptoms of oral candidiasis were resolved in all subjects following therapy the presence of invasive candida hyphae was detected in approximately per cent of tissue andor dentures when compared to tap water the use of an antifungal denture soaking solution produced no detectable difference in the presence of candida albicans hyphae over a threemonth period mh chisquare p but it did reduce the rate of recurrence of clinical signs and PS the appropriateness of this regimen for the treatment of OC in this type of patient is challenged
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