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in this article the GA theory of complex adaptive systems substantiated by nonlinear dynamics will be used to put the dissociative disorders into a theoretical FR and clarify their genesis and presentation when a system is far out of equilibrium dissipative structures may be formed order out of chaos as prigogine has put it these structures provide the starting point for further evolution and coevolution of competing CG of functional schemata divided on a bifurcation surface complex adaptation is almost inevitable in a complicated system such as the BB driven by nonlinear dynamics dissociation is thus regarded as a consequence of adaptation to a chaotic environment rich in contrasts in a sufficiently EC a person with dissociative identity disorder is more adapted and thus more likely to occur than a normal monopersonality individual
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this investigation assessed the efficacy of a biobehavioral MI in the adjunctive treatment of mild PIH pih a potentially serious complication of pregnancy in which normotensive women develop hypertension PU and edema of unknown etiology late in gestation fortyfive women with PS of pih were randomly assigned to one of three treatment conditions BR alone the most common obstetrical treatment BR with individualized compliance enhancement training or a foursession biobehavioral treatment consisting of bed rest compliance enhancement training and individualized thermal biofeedbackassisted RT results indicated that while blood pressure for the bed rest and compliance enhancement CG continued to rise and pose an increasing health risk to maternal and fetal wellbeing subjects in the biobehavioral group maintained their blood pressure at a significantly lower and presumably safer level the biobehavioral treatment is hypothesized to affect blood pressure C2 in subjects with mild pih through the mediation of the sympathetic NS decreasing peripheral vascular resistance and cardiac output the results of this investigation suggest that the biobehavioral MI may be an ERP adjunct to BR in the treatment of mild pih remote from term
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the cytosolic protein pphox phagocyte oxidase is one of the essential components of the superoxide generating system in phagocytes and its defect causes approximately of the CGD cgd cases
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flexion and extension movements or positions have been advocated in the treatment of various forms of low back dysfunction due to the potential pain relieving effects attributed to displacements of the intervertebral disc ivd objective in vivo determination of the segmental behaviour of the disc to contrasting positions has until recently been difficult magnetic resonance imaging mri was used in this study to evaluate the influence of sagittal plane positions on lumbar ivd height and nucleus displacement in a small asymptomatic populationtweighted sagittal plane images from l to s were obtained from subjects mean age years positioned supine in lumbar flexion followed by extension changes in disc height and localization of nucleus position determined by peak mri signal intensity between the two positions were calculated discs were classified for degenerative changes using a semiquantitative grading scale the mean range of lumbar sagittal movement achieved in the mri was degrees range degrees between flexion and extension a significant increase in measured anterior disc height of mm p and anterior MSD of the nucleus of p was observed despite the anterior displacement of the nucleus in extension observed in the pooled analysis of discs did not follow this trend nucleus degeneration was observed in at least one disc in nine subjects and in of all discs examined LS position was found to be associated with small measured changes in anterior disc height and nucleus position however this response was variable within and between individuals the theoretical concept of a stereotypical effect of spinal position on the lumbar ivd is challenged by these initial data since the health of the disc is often unknown in clinical practice manual therapy treatment for lumbar spine pain should be based on the symptomatic response to movement and position rather than biomechanical theory
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rheb is a recently described member of the ras family that was originally identified as an immediateearly gene in brain but is also widely expressed in other tissues here we demonstrate that rheb interacts with and appears to regulate raf kinase an essential component of the hras signaling pathway in direct contrast to hras however the interaction of rheb with raf is potentiated by growth AF in combination with agents that increase cyclic amp camp C2 protein kinase adependent phosphorylation of serine within the regulatory domain of raf reciprocally potentiates its interaction with rheb and decreases its interaction with hras a single CAA in the g ED is critical for the differential properties of rheb since rheb is an immediateearly gene our studies suggest that rheb functions in concert with hras to dynamically integrate camp and growth factor signaling
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phaserectified signal averaging an innovative signal processing technique can be used to investigate quasiperiodic oscillations in noisy nonstationary signals that are obtained from fetal heart rate phaserectified signal averaging is currently the best method to predict survival T3 myocardial infarction in AD cardiology application of this method to fetal medicine has established significantly better ID than with shortterm variation by computerized CTG of growthrestricted fetuses
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cancer cells are characterized by a high rate of glycolysis which is their primary energy source an important mechanism that controls glycolysis is the reversible IB of glycolytic enzymes to CSK we report here that the local anesthetics lidocaine and BUP induced a dosedependent detachment of the glycolytic enzymes phosphofructokinase ec and aldolase ec from CSK of b melanoma cells the detachment of glycolytic enzymes from cytoskeleton would reduce the provision of local atp in the vicinity of cytoskeletonmembrane and would also affect CSK structure we show here that the local anesthetics decreased the viability of melanoma cells the detachment of the glycolytic enzymes from cytoskeleton induced by the drugs preceded melanoma cell death which indicates that this is an early effect and not a result of cell death bupivacaine was more potent than lidocaine both on the glycolytic enzymes and on cell viability the present results suggest that LAs and especially bupivacaine are promising drugs for the treatment of melanoma
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embryogenic cultures were initiated from immature pecan zygotic embryos explants were induced for one week on woody plant medium with either αnaphthaleneacetic acid or dichlorophenoxyacetic acid at or mgl then subcultured monthly to fresh basal medium observations were made on callus production embryo formation and embryo morphology somatic embryo morphology and overall callus proliferation were affected by auxin type callus proliferation was less extensive and more somatic embryos resembling zygotic embryos were obtained from cultures initiated with αnaphthaleneacetic acid than with dichlorophenoxyacetic acid repetitive somatic embryogenesis was obtained in all auxin treatments conversion into plantlets was affected by somatic embryo morphology in that embryos with poorly developed apices exhibited lower percentages of conversion than those with well developed single or multiple apices consequently although more embryos were obtained with dichlorophenoxyacetic acid naphthaleneacetic acid was the superior auxin for production of somatic embryos more likely to convert into plants
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three planthopper species the BPH bph nilaparvata lugens stål the whitebacked planthopper wbph sogatella furcifera horvath and the small brown planthopper sbph laodelphax striatella fallén often cooccur in rice grown regions of china the present investigation examined effects of two pesticides triazophos tzp and jinggangmycin jgm a fungicide on reproduction of bph wbph and sbph the results showed that tzp stimulated the fecundity of the three planthopper species interestingly jgm stimulated the fecundity of bph but suppressed the fecundity of wbph in addition tzp and jgm had a significant effect on the preoviposition period pvd the oviposition period opd and the longevity of adult females laf of bph and wbph based on these findings to avoid resurgence occurrence of planthoppers we suggest that the application of tzp should be banned in rice fields that jgm should be used to control rice sheath blight at the early growth stages of rice with wbph occurrence and without bph occurrence
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highly sensitized patients awaiting a renal transplant have a low chance of receiving an organ offer defining acceptable antigens and using this information for allocation purposes can vastly enhance transplantation of this subgroup of patients which is the essence of the eurotransplant acceptable mismatch program acceptable antigens can be determined by extensive laboratory testing as well as on basis of human leukocyte antigen hla epitope analyses
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the tau of the suicide gene therapy by using the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinaseganciclovir hsvtkgcv system for the treatment of cancer is limited because of the insufficient gene transfer and the low killing activity to enhance the antitumor activity we probed into whether recombinant retroviral expression vector plxsn expressing both hsvtk and TNF genes could potentiate the destruction of sgc the pltktnfalphasn harboring hsvtk and tnfalpha genes in CS was constructed with a bicistronic unit including the IRES the recombinant retroviruses were transferred into sgc cells by lipofectamine and pegfp and western blot analysis were used to detect the expression of F0 genes in transfected sgc cells and then apoptosis of the transfected cells were detected by using the tdtmediated dutp nick end labeling flow cytometric analysis and transmission electron microscopy in vitro T0 the transfected gastric cancer cells were maintained in the gcvcontained medium to CA the cell killing effect and bystander effect in vivo experiments retroviral SS plasmids were transfected into tumorbearing nude mice to observe the changes of RT volumes and survival of the mice in vitro there was no significant difference of cell survival rate between the three groups however in vivo results showed that tkgcv tktnfalphagcv and TNF could inhibit the tumor growth and the obvious antitumor effect was shown in tktnfalphagcv group and TNF obviously enhanced the antitumor effect in vivo the pathologic examination showed CN of the CA in the treated CG
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the type vi secretion system tss is the most prevalent bacterial secretion system and an important virulence mechanism utilized by GNB either to target eukaryotic cells or to combat other microbes the components show much variability but some appear essential for the CF and two homologues denoted vipa and vipb in vibrio cholerae have been identified in all tsss described so far secretion is dependent on binding of an αhelical region of vipa to vipb and in the absence of this binding both components are degraded within T2 and secretion is ceased the aim of the T0 was to investigate if this interaction could be blocked and we hypothesized that such inhibition would lead to abrogation of ts a library of smallmolecule EDC was screened for their ability to block the binding of vipavipb in a bacterial twohybrid system bh T3 excluding EDC that showed cytotoxicity toward eukaryotic cells that inhibited growth of vibrio or that inhibited an unrelated bh interaction compounds were further investigated for effects on the tssdependent secretion of hemolysincoregulated protein hcp or of phospholipase a activity two compounds ks and ks showed intermediate or strong effects in both assays analogues were obtained and compounds with potent GABA effects in the assays and desirable physicochemical properties as predicted by in silico analysis were identified since the EDC specifically target a virulence mechanism without affecting bacterial replication they have the potential to mitigate the virulence with minimal risk for OD of resistance
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freeliving amoebae of the acanthamoeba species are the causative agent of acanthamoeba keratitis ak a sightthreatening corneal infection that causes severe pain and a characteristic ringshaped corneal infiltrate innate immune responses play an important role in resistance against ak the aim of this study is to determine if tolllike receptors tlrs on corneal epithelial cells are activated by acanthamoeba leading to initiation of inflammatory responses in the cornea human corneal epithelial hce cells constitutively expressed tlr tlr tlr tlr and tlr mrna and a castellanii upregulated tlr transcription expression of tlr tlr tlr and tlr was unchanged when hce cells were exposed to a castellanii il mrna expression was upregulated in hce cells exposed to a castellanii a castellanii and lipopolysaccharide lps induced significant il production by hce cells as measured by elisa the percentage of total cells positive for tlr was higher in a castellanii stimulated hce cells compared to unstimulated hce cells a castellanii induced upregulation of il in tlr expressing human embryonic kidney hek cells but not tlr expressing hek cells tlr NT antibody inhibited a castellaniiinduced il by hce and hek cells clinical strains but not soil strains of acanthamoeba activated tlr expression in chinese hamster corneas in vivo and in vitro clinical isolates but not soil isolates of acanthamoeba induced significant p cxcl production in chinese hamster corneas and days after infection which coincided with increased inflammatory cells in the corneas results suggest that pathogenic species of acanthamoeba activate tlr and induce production of cxcl in the chinese hamster model of ak tlr may be a potential target in the OD of novel treatment strategies in acanthamoeba and other microbial infections that activate tlr in corneal cells
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chlordecone kepone has been extensively studied for its toxicity in male production workers who were exposed to C1 quantities of this organochlorine pesticide concern that these workers might be at an increased risk of developing liver CA prompted us to test chlordecone in a twostage rat model of hepatocarcinogenesis chlordecone acted largely as a liver RT promoter rather than as a CR hepatic carcinogen in both male and female spraguedawley rats doseresponse experiments showed that the hepatocarcinogenic effects of longterm CD administration became undetectable at concentrations in noninitiated rat liver in the same range as those measured in human biopsies taken from exposed workers who exhibited no liver effects although the toxicity of chlordecone in women has never been studied we found a dramatic sex difference in the incidence of malignant CL PT caused by chlordecone promotion in rats frank HCC carcinomas were observed in up to of female rats whose livers were previously initiated with a subcarcinogenic dose of diethylnitrosamine given h after partial hepatectomy and then promoted by weeks of CD administration in contrast none of comparably treated males had malignant liver PT even T3 weeks of promotion with chlordecone females in the diethylnitrosamineinitiatedchlordeconepromotion CG also contained gammaglutamyltranspeptidasepositive preneoplastic HCC foci that were more abundant and larger than those observed in comparablytreated males moreover because similar levels of CD were measured in the livers of both sexes at the end of the experimental period the development of hepatocellular carcinomas in the diethylnitrosamineinitiated female rats appeared to be due to their increased sensitivity to the promotion treatment
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possible changes in protein metabolism during the MC were examined in eight healthy women who received an intravenous infusion of lcleucine on time during the FP of the menstrual cycle and one time during the LP enrichment of plasma cketoisocaproate and expired co were measured to determine leucine flux and oxidation continuous respiratory gas exchange measurements were made for the determination of co production o uptake and energy expenditure the day of the tests plasma thyroid hormone concentrations were measured as well as plasma and urinary cortisol leucine flux was higher during the luteal than during the follicular phase vs mumolkgmin p and LO was also increased during the LP vs mumolkgmin p for luteal and follicular phases respectively resting energy expenditure was increased during the luteal phase compared with the FP and kjh respectively plasma free triiodothyronine t and the ratio triiodothyroninereverse triiodothyronine trt were both significantly higher during the luteal phase vs and vs for t and trt respectively p for both comparisons this T0 shows small changes in protein metabolism during the menstrual cycle in women with an increase in oxidative leucine metabolism during the luteal phase the concomitant increase observed in circulating free t raises the possibility that fluctuations in protein metabolism and thyroid hormones throughout the MC are causally related
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of the vaccinees developed antihbs independently of the applied vaccine experimental vaccine or hbvax with the experimental vaccine the mean antibody titre was imuml four weeks after third inoculation follow up revealed that during a period of month individual antibody titres declined continuously to approximately one tenth therefore the duration of protection depends on the titre of antihbs which was measured T3 the third immunization a control of the antibody titres should be performed after about years when the antibody titres are greater than imuml weeks after vaccination but a control should be made already T3 about years if the antibody titres are imuml antibody titres between and imuml should be estimated about months later and titres between and imuml already about months later we recommend an immediate revaccination for persons with antihbs titres below imuml serological findings in hospital staff of the university in hamburg revealed the presence of protective antibodies in which is due to a previous hepatitis b infection in this cases vaccination was unnecessary
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public concern over increasing healthcare costs plus dramatized testing errors has resulted in clia with its more stringent rules governing laboratory performance the purpose of the us health care financing administration final rules for proficiency tests is to separate the quality laboratory from the poorly performing one from the perspective of total QM the customer patient defines quality as virtually errorfree test results the current PT format defeats this its ERP purpose is not to identify quality laboratories but to shut down the most prolific laboratoriesregardless of their quality there are two reasons for this first the proficiency testing format is incomplete it is missing a minimum frequency criterion second the data for determining the quality of a laboratorys performance the degree of errorfree results are not being used i propose a solution based on CI that promotes voluntarism favors the quality laboratory and reduces federal regulation
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parachloroamphetamine an amphetamine analog alters serotonergic neurochemistry in previous reports melatonin mel when administered with other amphetamine analogs altered the decline in serotonin content produced by these analogs the present studies assessed the effects of various doses of melatonin and pchloroamphetamine on serotonin levels in numerous brain regions in male rats melatonin or mgkg sc and pchloroamphetamine or mgkg sc were administered and h later BB samples and serum were collected serotonin C2 in the serum and various regions of the brain were assayed using highperformance liquid chromatography melatonin in combination with a high dose of PCA mgkg produced cumulative deficits in serotonin levels in the serum however serotonin C2 in the pineal cortex or BB stem in all combined melatonin and pchloroamphetamine groups were not significantly different from groups that received pchloroamphetamine CT SS adrenocorticotropin acth and corticosterone levels were significantly elevated in the melatonin and PCA combined CG suggesting that animals receiving both treatments were more stressed than control animals or animals receiving melatonin or pchloroamphetamine alone these results indicate that melatonin does not alter pchloroamphetamineinduced deficits in central serotonin C2 the increased serum adrenocorticotropic hormone corticosterone and serotonin C2 observed following melatonin and pchloroamphetamine treatment suggest that this combination may have adverse IP effects
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the Ah receptor ahr is part of a powerful signaling system that is triggered by xenobiotic agents such as polychlorinated HCs and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons although activation of the ahr by tetrachlorodibenzopdioxin or certain polycyclic aromatic HCs can lead to immunosuppression there is also increasing evidence that the ahr regulates certain normal developmental processes in this study we asked whether the ahr plays a role in host resistance using murine listeriosis as an exp system our data clearly demonstrate that ahr null B6 mice ahr are more susceptible to listeriosis than ahr heterozygous ahr littermates when inoculated iv with logphase listeria monocytogenes ahr mice exhibited greater numbers of cfu of l monocytogenes in the spleen and CL and greater histopathological changes in the CL than ahr mice serum levels of il mcp Th1 and TNF were comparable between l monocytogenesinfected ahr and ahr mice increased C2 of il and il were observed in l monocytogenesinfected ahr mice no significant difference was found between ahr and ahr macrophages ex vivo with regard to their ability to ingest and inhibit intracellular growth of l monocytogenes intracellular cytokine staining of cd and cd splenocytes for Th1 and tnfalpha revealed comparable t cellmediated responses in ahr and ahr mice previously INF ahr and ahr mice both exhibited enhanced resistance to reinfection with l monocytogenes these data provide the first evidence that ahr is required for optimal resistance but is not essential for adaptive immune response to l monocytogenes infection
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PSA studies of ME effusions mee from patients with chronic or recurrent otitis media with effusion ome have demonstrated the presence of significant C2 of certain hydrolytic and oxidative enzymes we have examined mee from patients with acute ome for the content of a number of lysosomal hydrolases and find no significant differences in the mean values for acid phosphatase alphamannosidase betagalactosidase betaglucuronidase Hex and neuraminidase between purulent and serous effusions in every case the mean activities of these enzymes were greater in culturepositive than in culturenegative effusions although this difference was significant only in the case of neuraminidase neuraminidase activity was detected in of those mees from which streptococcus pneumoniae could be cultured and in only to of all other effusions no rho was observed between the level of neuraminidase released into the extracellular GM and the infectivity of various strains of s pneumoniae
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the most common muscular dystrophy duchenne muscular dystrophy dmd is an xlinked disorder that ordinarily has full clinical expression only in males reports of typical clinical features in females are rare but have occurred with a phenotypically MZ AR muscular dystrophy as well as in females with xchromosome abnormalities such as the turner syndrome a girl with full expression of dmd due to a xy karyotype is reported and other clinical conditions in which expression of the dmd gene occurs in females are reviewed
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highly active antiretroviral therapy haart is effective in suppressing systemic HIV virus hiv viral load and has decreased mortality rates and the incidence of systemic opportunistic infections in patients with AIDS syndrome aids multiple studies now suggest that the incidence rates of hivassociated neurological disease and CNS system cns opportunistic infections also are decreasing since the introduction of haart in the incidence of hiv dementia has decreased by approximately the mean cd RCC for new cases of hiv PSD is increasing but it remains as a complication of moderateadvanced immunosuppression the incidence of hivassociated distal sensory polyneuropathy has decreased although the incidence of ARV druginduced toxic neuropathy has increased however as patients with aids live longer as a result of haart the prevalence of peripheral neuropathy in hivseropositive patients may be increasing the incidence rates of cns opportunistic infections cryptococcal meningitis toxoplasmosis progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and primary cns lymphoma have decreased since the introduction of haart as patients develop increasing resistance mutations to antiretroviral drugs and with subsequent decline in cd cell counts in the near future the incidence of hivassociated neurological disease may begin to rise
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peripheral BL from patients with SLE erythematosus sle and from age and sexmatched NCs were cultured with lipopolysaccharide lps to examine the response to the polyclonal bcell activator lymphocytes from active sle patients incorporated mean se cpm in response to lps whereas lymphocytes from inactive sle patients incorporated cpm in contrast lymphocytes from normal individuals incorporated cpm ig synthesis of lymphocytes from AS sle in response to lps stimulation was also less than that of normal individuals the helper tcell CF of active sle as examined by coculturing irradiated sle lymphocytes with unirradiated normal lymphocytes was normal these results thus suggested that a defect of b lymphocytes exists in AS sle patients this bcell defect and t suppressor cells apparently play an important role in the pathogenesis of sle
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to investigate the treatment of colorectal anastomotic tubular stricture T3 anterior resection of rectal cancer
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the main objective of this T0 was to compare the cytotoxic genotoxic and mutagenic activity of a number of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons which are widely used as chemical intermediates solvents degreasing agents etc in industry and to establish the structuretoxicity relationship of the chemicals by using the most adequate determinants in estimating their toxicity the mutagenicity and cytotoxicity of some of the candidate chemicals namely dichloroethylene trichloroethane dichloropropane trichloropropane and trichloropropene were evaluated in an in vitro MN assay the cytokinesisblock methodology was applied on human lymphocytes in the presence or absence of an external metabolic activation system smix in the micrentified and phylogenetic analysis suggests that this area may be a zone where two distinct lineages are in close proximity genetic distances were maximal between ethiopian and southern kenyan populations at for cytochromeb and are approaching interspecific values seen between other bathyergids
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the polymorphous lowgrade adenocarcinoma of the NP is a rare disease PLGA is a minor salivary gland neoplasm which occurs frequently in the mucosa of the soft and hard palates in the buccal mucosa and in the upper lip to date this entity has been identified within the oral cavity and only one case within the nasopharynx and some cases in the parotid gland it has a slow infiltrating growing DP with frequent perineural invasion and low metastatic potential
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exhaled markers of ai become increasingly important in the management of childhood asthma the aims of the present T0 are to compare exhaled markers of inflammation nitric oxide carbon monoxide and acidity of breath condensate with conventional asthma measures lung function tests and asthma control score in childhood asthma and to investigate the detectability of albumin crp il il TNF sicam and stnfr in the EBC ebc of asthmatic children thirtytwo children with mild to moderate persistent asthma and healthy controls aged years were studied we measured exhaled no and co and subsequently ebc was collected inflammatory mediators in ebc were measured using an enzymelinked immunosorbent CA respiratory symptoms and asthma control were assessed using the asthma control questionnaire acq of juniper et al eur respir j exhaled no showed a significant correlation with exhaled co r p and fev r p but not with acq score r p exhaled co was correlated with prebronchodilator fev r p but not with asthma control r p acidity of ebc was significantly lower in asthmatic children than in healthy controls p but did not correlate with any of the conventional asthma measures we were not able to demonstrate the presence of crp il il TNF sicam and stnfr in ebc Al was found in two ebc samples of asthmatic children we conclude that exhaled no had a better correlation with lung CF parameters and asthma control than exhaled co and acidity of ebc in mild to moderate persistent childhood asthma however exhaled no co and deaerated ph of ebc did not differ between asthmatic children and controls possibly because of a too homogeneous and wellcontrolled T0 population to further evaluate the clinical utility of exhaled markers in monitoring childhood asthma more studies are required on a wider range of asthma severity and preferably with repeated measurements of markers and of asthma control
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glial calcium signals play important roles during cns OD [Ca2+]i induced by atp acting on purinergic receptors stimulate dna synthesis increase astrocytic and neural stem cell proliferation and are prominent during the differentiation of radial glia we have shown previously that expression of py receptors in astrocytes is altered when connexin cx is downregulated to evaluate the consequences of cx deletion on calcium signaling during neural progenitor development studies were performed on neurospheres derived from embryonic striatum T3 adhesion cells migrating from wildtype wt and cxnull neurospheres displayed spontaneous calcium oscillations such activity was blunted by apyrase deoxynmethyladenosine bisphosphate mrs and suramin suggesting that atp released by neural cells acts on P2 receptors to induce calcium oscillations the amplitudes of ca transients induced by py but not px receptor agonists were larger in wt than in cxnull progenitors suggesting that these two cell populations express different p receptors suramin a nonselective p receptor antagonist and mrs a py receptorselective antagonist reduced the proliferation rate and the migration of wt progenitor cells to levels similar to those of cxnull cells conversely exogenous expression of py receptors in cxnull cells restored their migration pattern to C2 seen in wt progenitors however treatment with p IL-1ra did not alter the ratio of nestin to gfap expression in wt neural progenitors these data show that altered autocrineparacrine communication attributable to reduced levels of py receptors in neural progenitor cells lacking cx affects proliferation and migration but not cell differentiation during early cns development
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in order to examine whether the anabolic steroid Ox has any longterm effect on height in turner syndrome the short and longterm effects were studied in a group of individuals with the syndrome at commencement of treatment age range was years mean Ox dosage was mgkg per day mean mgkg per day and continued for months years mean months ending at years mean years HV increased significantly on therapy from to cmyear at and months and maintained at cmyear by two years all p less than girls who were younger and whose bone age was delayed grew faster p less than Ox dose correlated with height velocity at r p less than and months r p less than both height sigma score sds and estimated mature height emh increased significantly by the end of treatment to and cm to cm respectively both p less than in patients who had completed growth at a mean age of years FH was cm this was not significantly different from emh of cm at the end of therapy and based on a i.c.v. emh of cm represented a mean height gain of cmabstract truncated at words
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although the routine use of a patch for closure of the arteriotomy after CE is still debated patch angioplasty is frequently used to avoid residual stenosis and to lower the incidence of later restenosis several materials are widely used for carotid patching notably autologous vein dacron and polytetrafluorethylene ptfe during recent years a heterologous stabilized graft made from BP has been introduced this paper reports the authors experience of carotid endarterectomies in which a patch of BP was used to close the arteriotomy the patients were followed with colourduplex scanning over months this biograft did not require preclotting and proved to be easy to suture followup did not uncover any complications related to VG use although this is a preliminary report it is concluded that bovine pericardium is a promising material for carotid patch angioplasty
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fortyeight patients with chronic recurrent pancreatitis treated by resection of the head of the pancreas were restudied more than a year postoperatively in addition to general features such as symptoms alcohol consumption and work ability faecal weight its fat content fat and HFA balance and faecal chymotrypsin were measured according to the patients own estimate late results were good or very good in faecal fat content and balance indicated highgrade exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in and respectively but it was easily controlled by drugs in a third of the cases there was the need to supplement the diet with mediumchain triglycerides its components are satisfactorily absorbed even when the fat utilisation is severely abnormal
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wellcontrolled research investigating psychological responses following spinal cord injury sci is lacking in addition much of the literature is based on depression following sci and is dominated by data from the usa the effects of sci on perceptions of control selfesteem and coping styles over the first year of sci were investigated fortyone acute spinal injured patients and ablebodied controls matched for age sex and education completed a variety of standardised questionnaires on three occasions over one year the instruments included the locus of control of behaviour scale rosenbergs SE scale and an adapted mental adjustment to cancer mac scale which measures coping styles including fighting spirit helplessnesshopelessness and fatalism the sci group were found to be more external in their perceptions of control lower in selfesteem and more helplesshopeless and fatalistic in attitude than the controls the majority of the sci group had scores reflecting adaptive coping styles and intact levels of SE but there were still a substantial proportion who displayed maladaptive coping styles eg external locus of control fatalism helplessness no differences in scores across time were found for either group implications for psychological rehabilitation are discussed
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vaccination with vaccinia virus is carried out in order to induce protection against variola virus the causative agent of smallpox serum titer of vaccinia virusneutralizing antibodies is considered to be wellcorrelated with in vivo protection plaque reduction neutralization test prnt is the gold standard for detecting and quantifying vaccinia virusneutralizing antibodies in sera of vaccinees however prnt is time and labor consuming which does not allow largescale screening needed for a population survey a simplified sensitive standardized reproducible and rapid method NT tissueculture enzyme immunoassay ntceia was developed for quantitation of neutralizing antibodies against vaccinia virus the assay consists of the following steps NT of the virus with serially diluted sera infection of cells in SC and measurement of residual virus replication using an enzyme immunoassay the assay can be used for animal rb or human sera titer averages obtained using ntceia were highly correlated r to those obtained using prnt the CA is carried out in well plates and takes only days to complete with the AGA setup it can be automated fully to allow screening of a large number of sera
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a yearold child presented with pharyngeal perforation following a peroral injury with a toothbrush direct force applied to an object such as a toothbrush in the mouth may cause either SF or penetrating injury within the oropharynx a high index of suspicion is sometimes necessary to identify a pharyngeal perforation and if this is diagnosed we would advocate admission to hospital restriction of oral NI intravenous fluids and antibiotics with close observation to ensure that healing occurs without OD of further complications
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healing of SE sockets where the buccal plate of bone has been destroyed often results in localized ridge deformities this is most likely due to the ingrowth of extraskeletal connective tissue into the space originally occupied by the tooth which then fills with a combination of bone and soft tissue techniques for managing these defects have been described but it would be preferable to prevent them from occurring at all using the principles of guided tissue regeneration a surgical technique is described that can be applied to postextraction sites that are deficient in alveolar bone thereby preventing localized ridge deformities representative cases are presented illustrating the technique
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children with disabilities that limit mobility are at increased risk for osteoporosis in the united states million people have OP and million people are estimated to be at risk of acquiring this condition typically bone fragility and OP have been associated with older adults however these problems can also affect children the childhood and adolescent years are critically important in producing healthy bone mass yet cerebral palsy and epilepsy which are both chronic disorders that frequently coexist are predictors of muscular and skeletal compromise nurse practitioners should be aware of recommendations for promoting and achieving optimal bone health in children with these disabiliignificantly lower levels than did pure obstetric aps patients p in conclusion our T0 confirms previous reports of hypovitaminosis d in aps patients making them more similar to patients with other systemic autoimmune diseases than nhd hypovitaminosis d may be part of the mosaic of factors that determine autoimmunity rather than a consequence of chronic disease and its treatment the observation that patients with thrombotic aps an aggressive phenotype may be more deficient than those with exclusive obstetric manifestations fits well with the beneficial effects of vitd on thrombosis described both in vitro and in vivo therefore there may be a rationale to assess the efficacy of vitd supplementation in aps patients
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the mechanism of activation by inorganic phosphate and atp of cardiac muscle Pyr kinase was studied with the aid of steadystate kinetics the enzyme was purified to homogeneity to a final specific activity of unitsmg PB ph degrees c at ph the enzyme displays MM kinetics with respect to both its substrates phosphoenolpyruvate and adp ATP kinetic constants are appkmphosphoenolpyruvate mm appkmadp mm under the conditions used in the standard assay the specific activity is greatly enhanced by inorganic phosphate mm or atp mm each of these modifiers acting separately increases the vmax without seriously affecting michaelis constants and hill coefficients in the presence of both pi and atp only a decrease in vmax was observed the kinetics of activation by inorganic phosphate of Pyr kinase was examined studying the effect of varying concentrations of pi on the initial rate we obtained a hyperbolic saturation curve with the appkmpi mm and vmax unitsmg the evidence is presented that inorganic phosphate is a substrate for a side reaction catalyzed by cardiac pyruvate kinase it is shown that in the presence of Pyr inorganic phosphate and atp in the CA system pi is incorporated into acidlabile products of this reaction inorganic pyrophosphate being one of them these findings indicate the existence of an alternative reaction catalyzed by Pyr kinase by which energy may be stored in the form of inorganic pyrophosphate
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mechanism by which intravesical bcg treatment mediates antitumor activity are currently poorly understood we initiated studies to determine the CS and the AF that produce the immunological events during the inflammatory answer a lot of molecules are produced chemokines mcp and rantes induces the mastcell recruitment that begins the immunological fall in our study patients with superficial bladder cancer treated with bcg present an improvement of this cytokines correlated with a tumorfree status
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behçets disease is a rare form of vasculitis of obscure etiology any large or small artery vein or organ may be involved in an unpredictable combination intrathoracic manifestations of behçets disease consist mainly of thromboembolism of the superior VC andor other mediastinal veins aneurysms of the aorta and pulmonary arteries pulmonary infarct and hemorrhage pleural effusion and rarely myocardial or pericardial involvement cor pulmonale and mediastinal or hilar lymphadenopathy CXR is the best diagnostic method for evaluating thoracic involvement in behçets disease because aneurysms may develop at the arterial puncture CS and veins may be quickly thrombosed T3 injection of contrast material angiography and venography should be avoided whenever possible although no comparative studies are available ct and mr angiography appear to be imaging techniques of choice for evaluating vascular involvement pulmonary parenchymal alterations depicted on ct scan have not been fully explored
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hemodynamic renal and hormonal effects of intravenous bolus injection of micrograms synthetic alphahuman atrial natriuretic peptide alphahanp were studied in eight patients with CHF alphahanp caused significant reductions in mean blood pressure and SVR V1 resistance these responses were sustained up to minutes and not accompanied by reflex ART cardiac index and stroke volume index increased significantly at T2 and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure pulmonary arterial pressure and mean right atrial pressure remained unchanged urine volume urinary sodium excretion creatinine clearance and FE of sodium increased significantly but FE of potassium and phosphate did not NC elevated plasma renin activity plasma aldosterone and norepinephrine were suppressed T3 the i.t. of alphahanp the bolus i.t. of this peptide has moderately hypotensive vasorelaxant and natriuretic effects in patients with congestive HR failure
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this study was designed to investigate the existence of an ileal brake mechanism in the pig MM the test substances used OA deoxycholic acid taurocholic acid had all been previously shown to affect the ileal brake mechanism in other species including man the substances were infused directly into the terminal ileum of surgically modified pigs min after the pigs had ingested a meal containing a drug marker the marker used was sulfasalazine which is cleaved to form a metabolite sulfapyridine when it reaches the colon the subsequent hplc analysis of collected blood samples allowed the appearance of sulfapyridine in the plasma and hence the arrival of sulfasalazine in the colon to be determined any differences in transit between control and test could be evaluated from a profile of PC and corresponding values of auc the findings from this T0 show that the various substances did not affect transit of a test meal in the pig and suggest that it is not possible to use this pig MM to make predictions about the human ileal brake
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vitamin a retinol is essential for normal regulation of cell growth and differentiation we have shown that the retinol metabolite retinoic acid ra induces mucous cell differentiation of normal human TBE nhtbe cells however early biological effects of ra in the differentiation of bronchial epithelia are largely unknown here we showed that ra rapidly activated camp response elementbinding protein creb however ra did not use the conventional retinoic acid receptor rarretinoid x receptor rxr to activate creb ra activated creb in nhtbe and h cells in which rarsrxr were silenced with small interfering rna sirna targeting rarrxr expression or deactivated by antagonist inhibition of protein kinase c pkc or extracellular regulated kinase erk blocked the ramediated activation of creb in addition SD of p ribosomal s kinase rsk via sirsk completely abolished the activation suggesting that pkc erk and rsk are required for the activation altogether this T0 provides the first evidence that ra rapidly activates creb transcription factor via pkc erk and rsk in a retinoid receptorindependent manner in normal bronchial epithelial cells this noncanonical ra signaling pathway may play an important role in mediating early biological effects in the mucociliary differentiation of bronchial epithelia
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wntβcatenin is an evolutionarily conserved developmental signalling pathway that regulates embryogenesis injury repair and pathogenesis of human diseases dysregulated activation of wntβcatenin is associated with the OD and progression of renal fibrotic lesions T3 injury wnt are induced and βcatenin is activated in various models of experimental chronic kidney disease ckd and in human nephropathies recent findings indicate that prorenin receptor is an amplifier of wntβcatenin by acting as a downstream target and an obligatory component for its signal transduction genetic blockade of wnt secretion in a cell typespecific manner uncovers renal tubular epithelium as the major source of wnt ligands in ckd wntβcatenin controls the expression of a wide variety of downstream mediators implicated in kidney fibrosis such as fibronectin snail matrix metalloproteinase HGF and various components of the reninangiotensin system targeted inhibition of wntβcatenin is able to ameliorate kidney fibrotic lesions in preclinical settings in this review we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the regulation signal transduction role and mechanisms of wntβcatenin signalling in the pathogenesis of kidney fibrosis we also discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting this pathway for the treatment of fibrotic ckd
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wolfram syndrome is a rare disorder defined by the occurrence of diabete mellitus diabete insipidus optic atrophy and deafness didmoad is a commonly accepted acronym we report further cases two girls and one boy their age ranged from to years the diagnosis was based on the presence of juvenile diabete mellitus bilateral optic atrophy urologic signs with urinary tract dilation and deafness in two cases the ophthalmic signs of WFS are progressive decrease in visual acuity constriction of the peripheral VF with or without central scotoma color vision disturbances and bilateral optic disc atrophy DR is a rare complication the other clinical features are discussed so as to differentiate between WFS and other optic atrophies associated with diabete mellitus we discuss of the pathogenic hypothesis including the mitochondrial dysfunction
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catheter balloon valvulotomy cbv is useful in the relief of rheumatic MS morphologic scoring of the mitral valve by TTE is predictive of success with cbv horizontal plane transesophageal echocardiography can obtain high SQ images of the mitral valve and left atrium but its value with routine use in the pre and post cbv setting is unknown we prospectively examined patients with mitral stenosis pre and post cbv noting scores complications of mitral stenosis and complications of cbv mitral valve scoring was similar by tte and tee pre and post cbv but tee did tend to underestimate scores pre cbv there was a single thrombus it was detected only by tee post cbv both tte and tee detected one of two torn chordae of three patients with asds by colour flow mapping tte and tee each detected two increases in mitral insufficiency post cbv were seen equally frequently by tte and tee the increases appeared to be of a higher grade ns by tee tte and tee yielded cDNA findings pre and post cbv other than for the detection of thrombi through the net clinical contribution of routine use of tee appears small and C1 series would be needed to establish its contribution
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cvtph is a special project imparting vocational training to leprosy patients as well as other categories of the handicapped under the same roof in order to combat the leprosy stigma which is the L1 obstacle in all leprosy work and to aid rehabilitation by making the trainees economically selfsufficient the project which offers training in the industrial sector to leprosy patients orthopaedically handicapped individuals and ablebodied but socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals began in a small way in but has grown considerably since then thus demonstrating the effectiveness of the concept there have been several problemschief among which are the leprosy stigma and the reluctance of the trainees themselves to move out from a sheltered environment into the world outsidebut these are slowly being overcome by the formation of cooperative societies controlled by the handicapped this project is hoped to serve as a model for similar vocational training programs
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the purpose of the present T0 was to describe the occurrence of dental caries and fluorosis among children in kindergartens and public schools in kuwait and determine their need for dental health care to describe changes in caries prevalence and experience from to and to provide a baseline for the evaluation of the preventive oral health programmes starting in kuwait in the T0 population comprised and yearold children in kindergartens and public schools in kuwait selected by stratified cluster sampling dental caries was scored by surface in accordance with who criteria and dental fluorosis was registered by deans index modified the mean deft was at age years and at age and percent of the decay had been treated by extractions or fillings in the two respective age CG among the and yearold children dmft was and respectively and percent of the decayed teeth of and yearold children had been treated as to the and yearold children and percent were cariesfree in the deciduous teeth while and percent of the and yearold children were cariesfree in the permanent teeth among the yearold children percent had caries in the front teeth none of the children had severe dental fluorosis but percent at and years showed mild to moderate but manifest dental fluorosis the survey revealed that DMFT as well as DMFT had increased since although there was a marked increase in the number of filled tooth surfaces in all age cohorts however in the dmft of yearold children was still well within whos global goal for the year whereas the prevalence of dental caries among yearold was considerably higher than the who goal
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the reaction of adult worm products of schistosoma mansoni with ige antibodies in infected human and fischer rat sera has been studied using the prausnitzküstner test and the RAST test incubation of worms in water released most of the soluble material reacting with both rat and human sera in the radioallergosorbent test sera from INF fischer rats recognized a fraction with pi separated by preparative isoelectric focusing throughout the time course of infection whereas human sera reacted with material focusing between pi and a peak of allergenic activity with an apparent molecular weight between and was obtained by GF human bilharzian sera also reacted with material in the molecular weight range allergenic material bound specifically to concanavalin asepharose lens culinaris agglutininultrogel and wheat germ agglutininultrogel but substantial allergenic activity was also present in unbound fractions
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to determine whether sulfate andor sialic acid are present on secreted mouse tsh TSH RT minces and hypothyroid pituitaries were incubated with hmethionine and ssulfate or smethionine and hnacetylmannosamine the metabolically labeled tsh and free alphasubunits were then analyzed by gel electrophoresis hnacetylmannosamine was a specific precursor greater than for the sialic acid hnacetylneuraminic acid as established by hplc characterization of 3H label released by acid hydrolysis each of the three secreted subunits tsh alpha tsh beta and free alpha incorporated both sulfate and sialic acid the incorporation of these labels was confirmed by the release of ssulfate by Endo f and of hnacetylneuraminic acid by neuraminidase differential labeling of newly synthesized secreted tsh subunits was observed in secreted tsh dimer tsh beta incorporated times more ssulfate p less than and times more h nacetylmannosamine p less than per carbohydrate chain than did tsh alpha secreted free alphasubunit incorporated more hnacetylmation between striated and granular ducts in our opinion the masculinization process of the submandibular gland is related to the progesterone increase which takes place during pregnancy its maintenance during lactation is also connected to prolactin
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the aim of the paper was to assess indicators of muscle and intestinal damage in triathletes the study involved triathletes whose objective for the season was to start in the xterra poland event m swimming km cycling and km mountain running before the week preparatory period the competitors BC was measured MAC was tested graded TM test and blood samples were collected to determine markers showing the level of muscle and intestinal damage subsequent tests for body composition were carried out before and T3 the competition blood samples for PSA indicators were collected the day before the competition after the completed race and and hours later a significant decrease in body mass was observed after completing the race ± the mean maximal oxygen uptake level among the studied athletes equalled ± l·min ± ml·kg·min the significant increase in concentrations of cortisol creactive protein and myoglobin T3 the competition significantly correlated with the significant increase in zonulin concentration post h r p r p r p and post h r p r p r p no significant changes in the concentration of tumour rTNF among the examined competitors were noted at following stages of the study the results of our research showed that in order to monitor overload in the training of triathletes useful markers reflecting the degree of muscle and intestinal damage include cortisol testosterone testosterone to cortisol ratio creactive protein myoglobin and zonulin changes in muscle cell damage markers strongly correlated with changes in zonulin concentration at particular stages of the study thus one can expect that the concentrations of markers depicting the level of muscle cell damage after an intense and longlasting effort will significantly influence the level of the intestinal barrier
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forkhead box o foxo foxo interferon regulatory factor irf xlinked inhibitor of apoptosis protein xiap and elike factor elf have been described as important regulators of t cell functions and differentiation however whether these molecules are associated with hiv PD is still unknown in this study we showed that the C2 of foxo irf and xiap mrna in rapid progressors rps were significantly higher than in HIV- HCs hcs moreover foxo expression was positively correlated with hiv viral load and cd
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plant hormones are a group of chemically diverse small molecules that direct processes ranging from growth and OD to biotic and abiotic stress responses surprisingly genome analyses suggest that classic animal nuclear HR homologs do not exist in plants it now appears that plants have coopted several protein families to perceive hormones within the nucleus in one solution to the problem the hormones auxin and jasmonate ja act as xcmolecular gluexd that promotes proteinprotein interactions between receptor fboxes and downstream corepressor targets in another solution gibberellins gas bind and elicit a conformational change in a novel soluble receptor family related to hormonesensitive lipases abscisic acid aba like ga also acts through an allosteric mechanism involving a startdomain protein the molecular identification of plant nuclear hormone receptors will allow comparisons with animal nuclear receptors and testing of fundamental questions about hormone function in plant OD and evolution
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the tachykinin family of vasoactive MMP comprises the neuropeptides substance p neurokinin a and neurokinin b and the newly discovered endokinins and hemokinins their cardiovascular effects are predominantly mediated by the family of neurokinin receptors this review summarises the most recent advances in understanding the effects of tachykinins on the vasculature and summarises their therapeutic potential TKs stimulate plasma extravasation particularly acting through neurokinin receptors in an endotheliumdependent manner they therefore play prominent roles in tissue oedema and inflammation called neurogenic inflammation proinflammatory effects of tachykinins are enhanced by their capacity to stimulate inflammatory cell recruitment and to initiate angiogenesis TKs also regulate V1 tone and blood flow although differences between species and between different V1 beds make this a highly complex area of research they may relax vessels in some scenarios whilst inducing vasoconstriction in other situations the state of the EC appearing to be of key importance tachykinins also modulate blood pressure and HR rate acting both peripherally and on the CNS system cardiovascular effects of tachykinins and NK1 may be important therapeutic targets in diverse disorders such as pulmonary oedema hypertension preeclampsia complex regional pain syndrome type stroke and chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis sophisticated modelling of human disease is required to enable neurokinin receptor antagonists to achieve this therapeutic potential
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EC detectors ecds and detectors used in ion mobility spectrometry ims have been successfully used for the PCD of numerous EDC including hazardous substances the GA principles of their operations are similar and based on sample component ionization and measurement of the signal using the differences in the mobility of electric charge carriers differences in sensitivity result from various parameters of these instruments value of electric field intensity in ionic reactors have an influence on ionization process the main goal of the performed tests was to compare the analytical properties of ecd and two types of ims detectors a drift tube spectrometer dt ims and a differential mobility spectrometer dms in the work performed the efficiency of ionization and the response of detectors to selected analytes were compared ecd dt ims and dms were equipped with ni radioactive sources analytes have been ionized via EC process or dissociative electron transfer results obtained for oxygen and chlorosubstituted SOCs carbon tetrachloride benzyl chloride CF chloroethyl ethyl sulfide were used to calculate the relative signal and to compare the ionization efficiency for three detectors the phenomena observed experimentally were related to energy dependencies and EC crosssections of analytes the efficiency of ionization in dt ims was also compared for electron capture when nitrogen was used as the carrier gas and when the ionization process was based on the collisions of the analyte molecules with the o
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amiloridesensitive na h exchange activity in brush border membrane vesicles isolated from rat proximal tubule was increased in MA the enhancement of exchange activity required an intact adrenal gland or glucocorticoid supplements ammonium and phosphate excretions were increased during acidosis and these were also largely dependent on an IN adrenal gland or glucocorticoid supplements amilorideinsensitive na uptake and passive h permeability were not altered by acidosis or the glucocorticoid status of the animal these findings are consistent with glucocorticoids having an important regulatory role in the kidney by orchestrating the PT tubular adaptation to MA
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the effect of softlaser upon human GF was studied T3 an initial biopsy followed by irradiation and numerous biopsies performed mn mn hour and hours T3 irradiation in addition control biopsies were performed in the same way on a nonirradiated gingival area one hour after irradiation and up to hours later the enzymatic MICs of the fibroblasts were obvious oxidative enzymes LAP and considerable brachets test highly positive rna by transmission electron microscopy were changes were found in these fibroblasts they were more numerous and their cytoplasmic organelles were increased mitochondria rough endoplasmic reticulum an abundant granular material as well as collagen fibrils were accumulated along their cytoplasmic membrane on the whole from the st hour on following irradiation by softlaser a stimulation of metabolic activity of the fibroblasts oxidative activities proteic synthesis was observed with increased production of collagen
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we report on a large fusiform aneurysm in a yearold male with a history of CP aneurysm location relative to four anatomical PCA artery segments dictates which approach should be used for treatment pterional transsylvian subtemporal or parietooccipital interhemispheric transtentorial approach a RA temporal craniotomy via a subtemporal approach was performed and used to expose the RA p and p segments of the PCA artery and the posterior communicating i.a. due to significant collateral circulation between the circumflex posterior cerebral i.a. and superior cerebellar artery branches trapping of a fusiform aneurysm can be safely achieved without significant deficit
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mutations in the coding region of the methylcpgbinding protein mecp gene cause rett syndrome and have also been reported in a number of xlinked mental retardation syndromes furthermore such mutations have recently been described in a few autistic patients in this study a C1 sample of individuals with autism was screened in order to elucidate systematically whether specific mutations in mecp play a role in autism the mutation analysis of the coding CS of the gene was performed by denaturing highpressure liquid chromatography and direct sequencing taken together CS SCV were identified in autistic patients from german families and unrelated patients from the international molecular genetic study of autism consortium affected relativepair sample eleven of these SCV were excluded for having an aetiological role as they were either silent mutations did not cosegregate with autism in the pedigrees of the patients or represented known polymorphisms the relevance of the three remaining mutations towards the aetiology of autism could not be ruled out although they were not localised within functional domains of mecp and may be rare polymorphisms taking into account the large size of our sample we conclude that mutations in the coding region of mecp do not play a major role in autism susceptibility therefore IA and rett syndrome probably represent two distinct entities at the molecular genetic level
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volatile nnitrosamines were detected in the urine of male volunteers with gasliquid and highpressure liquid chromatography interfaced to the thermal energy analyzer of samples from normal males contained nitrosodimethylamine to microgramsliter contained nitrosodiethylamine to contained nitrosomorpholine to and none contained nitrosodibutylamine of samples from bladder CA patients contained nitrosodibutylamine and cigarette smoking did not appear to be related to the pattern or amount of urinary volatile nnitrosamines the possibility that the nnitrosamines arise from the diet or from endogenous production is considered
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pyrimethamine pyr is a drug used in the treatment of P0 with CT even when pyr is highly TPS against parasites it may provoke neutropenia in the patients apart from other affectations conditions that usually justify its suspension moreover medication against CT coincides with the proliferation stage of sertoli and germ cells although there are several reports on the effect of this drug on mature testes records of its effects on the testes of young individuals yet in the process of growth are still lacking this work was aimed to study the effects of in vivo administration of pyr in the first days of life of male rat pups by evaluating their testicular alterations and its longterm sequels on fertility through the determination of the C2 of seminiferous epithelium maturity apoptotic index and cell proliferation index at and days PN using immunocytochemical studies the fertility of the treated rats was evaluated at days pyrtreated animals were found to undergo some kind of delays in seminiferous epithelium maturity decreased cell proliferation index and an increase in apoptosis when compared with the control p EPI sperm counts were also affected p the application of folic acid fa in newborns treated with pyr decreased the severity of the problem p this T0 provides strong evidence that the effect of pyr on testicular development is specific it reinforces the importance of fa application in neonates treated with pyr to prevent the effect of the later on spermatogenesis
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in the title complex cunochfp the ligating atoms define a distorted tetrahedon with the three trisfluorophenylphosphane ligands in the basal positions and the nitrate ligand in the axial position the intramolecular ÏÏ interaction centroidcentroid distance Ã¥ between two of the fluorophenyl CG is complemented by both châ¯f and châ¯o interactions with distances in the range Ã¥ resulting in a tight headtotail packing
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new substrates benzothiazolylphenyl btp cellooligosaccharides with degree of polymerization dp btpg were synthesized for the screening of microbial cellulolytic activity in SP assays the substrates were very efficient that was shown for several cellulolytic bacteria including yeastlike isolates from kamchatka hot springs three tested bacterial strains and eighteen of of the yeast isolates showed ability to degrade cellulose with CBH betaglucosidase and endocellulase MICs measured with standarderformed at one of the following randomly assigned arm angles degrees degrees degrees degrees degrees and degrees arm angles degrees the submaximal arm abduction contractions s were performed to target intensities ranging from to of the maximal voluntary contraction mvc in randomly ordered increments perceived exertion was sampled with a modified borg categoryratio scale immediately following each submaximal contraction voluntary arm abduction torque was significantly p lower at degrees degrees degrees and degrees as compared to degrees the ratings of RPE increased significantly p across the range of contraction intensities with no significant differences between arm angles the RPE response as a function of contraction intensity was best described as linear across the degrees degrees while a SP function described the response at degrees the L1 findings demonstrated that arm position plays a minimal role in mediating the growth in the RPE response as a CF of contraction intensity
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spindle assembly checkpoint components bubr and sgo play a key role in the maintenance of chromosomal instability during cell division these proteins CF to block the anaphase entry until all condensed chromosomes have been attached by the MTs emanating from both spindle poles haploinsufficiency of either bubr or sgo results in enhanced CIN and tumor development in the intestine recent studies show that spindle checkpoint proteins also have a role in slowing down the ageing process therefore we want to study whether haploinsufficiency of both bubr and sgo accelerates cellular senescence in mice
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in the centers for medicare and medicaid services cms stopped reimbursing for hospitalacquired conditions hacs not present on admission poa we sought to understand why this policy did not impact central lineassociated bloodstream infection clabsi and catheterassociated urinary tract infection cauti trends
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it is now documented that androgens and Es modulate susceptibility and progression to autoimmune RD at any concentration androgens seem to be primarily suppressive on cellular and humoral immunity whereas at physiologic concentrations Es seem to enhance humoral immunity further research should focus on the different and frequently opposite effects exerted by physiologic and pharmacologic doses of Es doserelated effects in addition to the influence of endogenous estrogen fluctuations ie during pregnancy PP menstrual periods menopause ERT and the use of oral contraceptives the susceptibility to autoimmunity might be increased by the environmental estrogens xenobiotics further studies must be directed to the inflammatory mediators ie cytokines that seem to alter the peripheral metabolism of sex hormones and complicate the effects of sex hormones on susceptibility to autoimmunity finally genetic factors might further interfere with the roles of androgens and Es in selected individuals
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it has been suggested that both endogenous reproductive hormones and hormone therapy may play a protective role against coronary i.a. disease cad however recent clinical trials have failed to demonstrate the benefit of a variety of forms of HT the observational data on the role of endogenous reproductive hormones using surrogate measures such as number of birth age at menarche and age at menopause are inconsistent in addition the longerterm associations have not been evaluated the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships between detailed measurements of endogenous and exogenous estrogen exposure time with angiographic cad and major adverse cardiovascular events
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five placebocontrolled doubleblind multicenter paralleldesign studies were performed to evaluate the antianginal and antiischemic characteristics of the novel tchannelselective calcium antagonist mibefradil in the treatment of patients with CSA pectoris of the studies were monotherapy dosefinding trials and were conducted in patients receiving BG antianginal therapy either beta blockers studies or LA nitrates study a total of patients were randomized to of mibefradil dose CG and mg n and PL n the antianginal and antiischemic effects of mibefradil were assessed across all studies by evaluating exercise tolerance test variables weekly number of anginal attacks and shortacting nitroglycerin consumption and in both dosefinding studies the number and total duration of silent ischemic episodes hour holter monitoring a statistically significant increase in exercise duration was achieved in of studies with the mg dose of mibefradil and in of studies with the mg dose of the compound over the effects observed in the PL groups a significant delay in time to ON of ischemia during exercise was induced in all studies with the and mg doses of mibefradil the mg dose of mibefradil was not significantly better than PL and the effects of the mg dose of the compound were similar to those observed with the mg dose across all studies a doserelated decrease was observed in the number of weekly anginal attacks and in weekly nitroglycerin consumption similarly a significant doserelated decrease in the number and duration of silent ICM episodes was observed during holter monitoring for hours in the dosefinding studies the antianginal and antiischemic effects were associated with a doserelated decrease in HR rate and DP both at rest and at exercise termination treatment with the and mg doses of mibefradil was found to be well tolerated and safe compared with PL a finding that held true for patients on chronic betablocker or longacting nitrate therapy taken together these studies indicate that mibefradil is an effective anonships between changes in relative income poverty income changes and healthrelated quality of life in germany ie in an environment with nominally equal access to medical care education and social security a fundamental fivedimensional health concept is introduced and tested for its empirical performance the background of the causal analysis is formed by two hypotheses one regarding low income as a possible cause for poor health prevention hypothesis and the other assuming the opposite causal direction deprivation hypothesis by means of a descriptive analysis and a structural equations MM the existence of a more complex relational web between health and poverty is demonstrated
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rathkes RCCs are a congenital disorder of the PIT gland and derive from abnormalities of the OD of the adenohypophisis the R2 of the mri signal of RCC hampers the differential diagnosis with the other cystic lesions of the pituitary gland nevertheless a comparison between the various findings reported from by author we reviewed indicates that a description of useful criteria for a differential diagnosis is possible we suggest that the mean age at ON the symptoms the magnetic signal intensity the location within the gland the relations with the surrounding structures and the behaviour T3 contrast injection should always be considered in the diagnostic workup of rathke s RCCs there is no consensus in the literature on the correct therapeutic protocol we suggest following up a small asymptomatic rathkes cleft cyst except mucoid cysts because they do not generally enlarge surgery is instead the gold standard for symptomatic rathkes RCCs large rathkes cleft cysts and mucoid rathkes cleft cysts mucoid rathkes RCCs even when small may cause an intense PIT inflammation which could lead to irreversible endocrine dysfunction
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to evaluate the influence of amino acid dialysis solution aads on parameters of nutrition in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis capd patients
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aspiration into the airways is one of the L1 causes of lung disease in infants and young children unfortunately the diagnosis of aspiration is often delayed due to unawareness and low sensitivity and specificity of existing diagnostic tests we tested the tau of a new method using a mixture of corn flour in milk instilled into the trachea to diagnose aspiration in a hamster model fortyfive female hamsters were used for the experiments twenty hamsters underwent tracheal instillation of ml of a mixture of corn flour containing ST LG with a diameter of microm in milk twenty control animals underwent tracheal instillation of saline five hamsters served as naive controls five animals from the corn flour and saline groups underwent bronchoalveolar lavage on days and T3 tracheal instillation ST granules were identified under LM using both iodine and diffquik IF in all the corn flourinstilled animals and during all days after tracheal instillation no starch granules were detected in naive or salinetreated animals starch LG were detected over days following tracheal instillation with a halflife Rd of about days corn flour aspiration in hamsters can be easily identified by light microscopy using simple laboratory techniques
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the cholecystokinin receptor subtype cckr is considered based on receptor autoradiography to be the predominant receptor for this peptide transmitter in the mammalian CNS system to directly visualize the cckr we utilized a convenient and sensitive immunohistochemical procedure using antipeptide receptor antibodies raised in rabbits against unique portions of the carboxyl tail and i3 of the cckr antibodies were characterized by elisa and WB and used for immunohistochemistry in rat BB sections studies with both antibodies revealed a widespread topographic distribution of cckrlike immunoreactivity cckrli in regions such as cortex olfactory bulb nucleus accumbens SP striatum hippocampus basolateral amygdala habenula hypothalamus TH ventral mesencephalon inferior colliculus parabrachial nucleus PN supercolliculus RN subcommisural and occulomotor nucleus area postrema solitary olivary cochlear cuneate and TG nuclei and spinal cord dorsal horn in agreement with the results of previous receptor ARG
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this paper presents data from a populationbased survey which assessed perceived function of and barriers to condom use among the adult population aged years in the arusha and kilimanjaro regions in RNA tanzania a structured questionnaire was used in data collection a total of people participated in the T0 representing a response rate of of the eligible population from two urban and two semiurban communities of the respondents knew what condoms were and of these stated that condoms are used for contraception while reported that condoms are used for prevention of aidsstd among those who knew about condoms stated that they disliked using condoms during sexual intercourse while felt that condoms reduced sexual enjoyment furthermore of the respondents reported that they would not supply condoms to their sexually active children respondents who reported that condoms reduced sexual enjoyment as well as those who stated that they disliked using condoms were significantly less likely to use condoms than those who stated otherwise these data indicated the underlying psychosocial barriers to condom use among the respondents and hence the need for further research and TPS health education strategies to overcome them priority Az for MI research are suggested
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rheumatologic diseases are a challenging diagnosis when it comes to air medical disposition decision making because many of these diseases overlap and their initial presentation is insidious and relapsing remitting in future scope many rheumatologic diseases have MSK and other organ complications one of these diagnoses is spondyloarthritides these disorders include ankylosing spondylitis as reactive arthritis psoriatic ICA and spondylitis enteropathic arthritis and spondylitis juvenileonset spondyloarthritis and undifferentiated SpA the prevalence of spondyloarthropathy is estimated to be between and although figures vary from T0 to another in this article we report the case of a military pilot diagnosed with as who had a favorable response to treatment with etanercept therapy
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the aim of this T0 was to determine and compare the HV in children with epilepsy and in children in a control group and to compare the mean of right and left HV in control subjects this T0 was carried out at university sains malaysia usm from january to june this is a cross sectional study of children with epilepsy and children in a control volunteer group serial mri of BB and temporal lobe were performed using a signa horizon lx tesla system oblique coronal sections perpendicular to the axis of temporal lobe were done with mm slice thickness and mm gap t t flair and spgr series were done the whole HV was measured volumetry was done manually by using osirix workstation v bit all slices were measured three times and the average volume was taken data were analyzed by paired t test and independent t test for univariate data the mean HV in the control group was cm sd and cm sd for right and left hippocampus respectively the mean hippocampal volume in epilepsy patients was cm sd and cm sd for RA and left respectively the HV in epileptic children was significantly smaller than normal control children in average volume p and both RA p and left p individually in the control group the RA hippocampus volume was much greater than the left p the data of this T0 provide a useful reference for the T0 of HV in the malay paediatric population it is useful in doubtful cases to determine which side is affected and also serves as part of the T0 to establish the whole agerelated hippocampal growth
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the objective of this T0 was to retrospectively evaluate the clinicopathological outcome of radical retropubic prostatectomy rrp performed at a single institution in japan a consecutive series of patients with prostate cancer who underwent rrp and pelvic LA between march and april were included in this study the median age at rrp and the observation period were years old and months respectively clinicopathological findings were reviewed to determine parameters providing predictive information about PSA recurrencefree causespecific and overall survivals the pathological stage was pt in patients pta in ptb in pta in ptb in and pt in lymph node metastasis was detected in of patients fortyseven patients received neoadjuvant HT while underwent hormonal therapy CT or hormonal therapy plus radiotherapy following rrp as an adjuvant treatment during the observation period patients died of prostate cancer died of other diseases and PSA recurrence occurred in when biochemical recurrence was defined as prostate TPS antigen psa persistently greater than ngml fiveyear biochemical recurrencefree causespecific and overall survival rates were and respectively furthermore multivariate analyses showed that lymph node metastasis or clinical stage was an independent predictive factor for causespecific or overall survival respectively these findings suggest that it would be possible to achieve a favorable CA control for patients with localized prostate cancer including locally T3 cases by the rrpbased combination therapies
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imaging of in vivo gene expression using luciferase expression in various organs has been used for several years in contrast to other organs in vivo imaging of the lung particularly T3 nonviral gene transfer has not been extensively studied the aim of this study was to address several questions does in vivo CS emission correlate with standard tissue homogenatebased luciferase detection in a dosedependent manner recombinant sendai virus sev transduces airway epithelial cells very efficiently and was used to address this question is the sensitivity of the assay sufficient to detect nonviral gene transfer we treated mice with sevlux vector using our standard sniffing protocol a method that predominantly results in lung deposition doserelated in vivo light emission was visible in all animals importantly there was a significant rho r p between the in vivo and ex vivo assays in both the left and right lung we next transfected the nasal epithelium via nasal perfusion or the lungs sniffing of mice with a luciferase plasmid pciklux complexed to the cationic lipid gl ngroup and imaged CALUX in vivo h after transfection gene expression was detectable in both organs rho between the in vivo and ex vivo assays was significant r p in the left but not the right lung the correlation in the nose was weaker r p to our knowledge these studies show for the first time that this noninvasive method of assessing pulmonary gene transfer is viable for evaluating nonviral gene transfer agents
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adenosine diphosphate adpribose cyclic phosphate appr p is produced as a result of transfer rna trna splicing in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and probably in other eukaryotes endonucleolytic cleavage and ligation result in a mature length trna with a phosphate at the splice junction this phosphate is transferred to nad to produce appr p metabolism of appr p requires hydrolysis of the cyclic phosphate linkage we show here that yeast has a unique cyclic phosphodiesterase that can hydrolyze appr p ribose cyclic phosphate and ribose cyclic phosphate to the corresponding ribose phosphate derivatives the cyclic phosphodiesterase is highly TPS for appr p there is fold less activity on ribose cyclic phosphate and no detectable activity on nucleoside cyclic phosphates a similar cyclic phosphodiesterase is present in wheat germ the wheat germ cyclic phosphodiesterase activity cochromatographs with a cyclic CNP that was previously identified and purified the purified wheat germ enzyme has a distinct preference for appr p and ribose cyclic phosphate compared to guanosine cyclic phosphate and shares other biochemical characteristics with the yeast enzyme
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to maximize the expression level of myocilin and its truncated proteins in escherichia coli e coli and to examine the biological effects of bacterially expressed myocilin as compared to eukaryotic myocilin on cultured human trabecular meshwork tm cells
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although in IUT iut has resulted in donorspecific tolerance to posnatal solid organ transplantation the mechanisms of this tolerance remain poorly understood our recent findings demonstrate that under TPS conditions prenatal i.t. of allogeneic cells may lead to allosensitization instead of tolerance these laboratory observations were supported by clinical findings as well and therefore suggested that depending on the conditions of prenatal transplantation tolerance or immunity may develop the present T0 explored the role of cd cells cytokines and ie superantigen in developing tolerance vs immunity T3 in utero transplantation sixteen animals survived iut survival rate and were free from any signs of graftversushost disease gvhd mice were considered tolerant when their antidonor and antihost ctl responses were similar sensitized when antidonor responses were significantly higher than antihost and antithirdparty responses and nontolerant when antidonor responses in transplanted and control mice were similar the th th shift was associated with tolerance and th th shift with allosensitization our results showed that tolerant balbc hd ie csbl hb ie mice showed higher il p in antidonor mlr and partial deletion of recipient iereactive TA cdvbeta p on the other hand nontolerant animals demonstrated high production of ifngamma p without deletion of cdvbeta t cells in ccbl hb ie ch hk ie mice cdvbeta t cells do not play any role in tolerance induction because they are deleted in the ch BG tolerant mice showed an overproduction of il p in antidonor mlr whereas allosensitized animals demonstrated high level of ifngamma p suppressor cells seem to play no role in tolerant B6 ch as demonstrated by suppressor CA hence a shift from th th or th th cytokines may determine whether tolerance or immunity develops
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the to nm particles of hepatitis b surface antigen were purified from the serum of a carrier chimpanzee five major polypeptide species were revealed by sodium dodecyl sulphatepolyacrylamide gel PACE treatment of the particles with neuraminidase ec and Gal oxidase ec followed by reduction with 3H sodium borohydride labelled galactose residues in a single glycoprotein with an apparent mol wt of the glycoprotein was not labelled when neuraminidase treatment was omitted indicating that the Gal residues are in subterminal positions in the oligosaccharide chains there was no significant incorporation of radiolabel into lipid the serological activity of the antigen as measured by a competitive doubleantibody radioimmunoprecipitation CA was not altered by the labelling procedure nor by SE to neuraminidase CT
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ocular biometric parameters and accommodative amplitude were measured by various techniques in normal emmetropic human subjects age yr anterior chamber depth decreased and lens thickness increased linearly over the entire age group accommodative amplitude declined linearly until a stable nadir was reached at about age yr the respective slopes and intercepts of the agedependent decline in ACD were essentially the same for measurements made independently by optical pachmetry ascan ultrasonography and slitlamp scheimpflug photography the agedependent increase in lens thickness differed in slope and intercept for measurements made by photography and ultrasonography if the generally accepted lenticular sound velocity was assumed for all subjects however if putative lenticular sound velocity was adjusted for age the relationships given by the two techniques were essentially MZ total anterior segment length defined as the distance between the anterior corneal and posterior lens surfaces vitreous cavity length distance between the posterior lens and anterior retinal surfaces and total globe length were all independent of age this constellation of findings indicates that the human lens grows throughout AD life while the globe does not that thickening of the lens CR accounts for shallowing of the anterior chamber with age but that the posterior surface of the lens remains fixed in position relative to the cornea and retina
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this review of special education and languageineducation policies at six sites in four countries canada united states united kingdom and netherlands aimed to determine the opportunities for bilingualism provided at school for children with developmental disabilities dd while research has demonstrated that children with dd are capable of learning more than one language see kay raining bird genesee verhoeven this issue it was not clear whether recent policies reflect these findings the review conducted using the same protocol across sites showed that special education policies rarely addressed L2 learning explicitly however at all sites the policies favoured inclusion and educational planning based on individual needs and thus implied that students with dd would have opportunities for second language learning the languageineducation policies occasionally specified the support individuals with special needs would receive at some sites policies and educational options provided little support for minority languages a factor that could contribute to subtractive bilingualism at others we found stronger support for minority languages and optional majority languages conditions that could be more conducive to additive bilingualism
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to provide an overview of postthe diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders th ed classifications related to human sexuality T3 reviewing the literature on classification and clinical practice of sexual disorders some of the most important contributions on main sexological classifications and frameworks were selected especially from january till june
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effective vector control and more specifically mosquito control is a complex and difficult problem as illustrated by the continuing prevalence and spread of mosquitotransmitted diseases the sterile insect technique and similar methods control certain agricultural insect pest populations in a speciesspecific environmentally sound and effective manner there is increased interest in applying this approach to vector control such an RPA like all others in use and OD is not a onesizefitsall solution and will be more appropriate in some situations than others in addition the proposed release of pest insects and more so genetically modified pest insects is bound to raise questions in the general public and the scientific community as to such a methods tau safety and sustainability this article attempts to address these concerns and indicate where sterileinsect methods are likely to be useful for vector control
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the antidiuretic hormone arginine vasopressin avp is released from the PIT upon hypovolemia or hypernatremia and regulates water reabsorption in the renal collecting duct principal cells IB of avp to the Arg vasopressin receptor type avpr in the basolateral membrane leads to translocation of aquaporin aqp water channels to the apical membrane of the collecting duct principal cells inducing water permeability of the membrane this results in water reabsorption from the prourine into the medullary interstitium following an osmotic gradient congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus ndi is a disorder associated with mutations in either the avpr or aqp gene causing the inability of patients to concentrate their prourine which leads to a high risk of dehydration this review focuses on the current knowledge regarding the cell biological aspects of congenital xlinked autosomalrecessive and autosomaldominant ndi while specifically addressing the latest developments in the field based on deepened mechanistic understanding new therapeutic strategies are currently being explored which we also discuss here
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chondromas of the larynx are rare neoplasms only a few examples of cartilaginous PT affecting hyoid bone have been reported a yearold woman presented with a neck mass on the left carotid triangle the patients computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a heterogenous mass which seemed to originate from the left greater cornu of hyoid the mass was excised using a transcervical approach with left greater cornu of hyoid bone the pathologic diagnosis was chondroma of hyoid expert radiologic and pathologic review is mandatory in cartilaginous neoplasms of the larynx cartilaginous neoplasms of the hyoid should be included in the differential diagnosis of neck masses at the carotid triangle
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a discussion of the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects of various classes of commonly used pesticides classes discussed include halogenated hydrocarbons OPs and certain herbicides and fungicides halogenated hydrocarbons were found generally hazardous causing sterility and displaying marginal or definite carcinogenic activity several organophosphorus insecticides have been shown to be mutagens some have been shown to be carcinogens both the herbicide impurity tetrachlorodibenzodioxin tcdd and maleic hydrazide have been shown to be carcinogenic in mice and rats the role of dna as a critical target for carcinogenic activity is also discussed
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htert is the catalytic subunit of the telomerase and is hence required for telomerase maintenance activity and CA cell immortalization here we show that acute htert SD has no adverse effects on the viability or proliferation of C2 and Caco-2 cell lines as evaluated within h T3 transfection with htertspecific si rnas sirnas within the same time frame htert depletion facilitated the induction of apoptotic cell death by cisplatin etoposide MMC c and reactive oxygen species yet failed to sensitize cells to death induction via the cd DR experiments performed with p KO cells or chemical p inhibitors revealed that p was not involved in the chemosensitizing effect of htert knockdown however the proapoptotic bcl family protein bax was involved in cell death induction by htert sirnas SD of htert facilitated the conformational activation of bax induced by genotoxic agents moreover bax KO abolished the chemosensitizing effect of htert sirnas inhibition of mitochondrial membrane permeabilization by overexpression of bcl or expression of the cytomegalovirusencoded protein vmia viral mitochondrial inhibitor of apoptosis which acts as a specific bax inhibitor prevented the induction of cell death by the combination of htert SD and chemotherapeutic agents altogether our data indicate that htert inhibition may constitute a promising strategy for facilitating the induction of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis
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we present three patients with intractable aspiration pneumonia in the setting of permanent neurologic impairment who had received a tracheostomy and showed a juxtaposition of the IA against the tr NI patients often show a juxtaposition or compression of the innominate artery against the tr by chest deformity in the setting of severe scoliosis which could result in a tracheainnominate i.a. fistula for intractable aspiration laryngotracheal separation is safely performed and ERP in controlling aspiration but is occasionally complicated by tracheainnominate artery fistula as an alternative procedure we performed a closure of the larynx in these three cases using double flaps of the vocal folds and false vocal folds as a treatment for intractable aspiration T3 operation the patients did well without complication or clinical evidence of recurrent aspiration
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eotaxin is the L1 eosinophil chemoattractant found in bronchoalveolar lavage bal fluid from sensitized guinea pigs T3 antigen challenge in this T0 we have performed IS for eotaxin in airways obtained from challenged animals and examined purified guinea pig lung cells epithelial cells purity mast cells purity for eotaxin mrna and protein in the airways of antigen ovalbumin challenged animals significant amounts of epithelial cell eotaxin immunostaining were observed northern analysis of total rna obtained from unchallenged freshly isolated airway epithelial cells contained high C2 of eotaxin mrna semipure and high purity lung mast cell preparations challenged or unchallenged did not express eotaxin mrna western analysis of supernatant fluids obtained from incubated airway epithelial cells demonstrated detectable amounts of eotaxin protein with the majority of the protein being cellassociated thus airway epithelial cells are identified as a major cellular source of eotaxin in the guinea pig pulmonary system
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a series of normal aliphatic thiols have been used to derivatise the chemical warfare agents lewisites i and ii li and lii in hydrocarbon matrices varying the chain length of the thiol allowed adjustment of derivative tr by min for lewisite i and min for lewisite ii linear SRA of the chain length of the thiol derivatives of the lewisite species and that of a series of normal alkanes against tr allowed regression models to be developed for each set of compounds application of the models allowed thiol reagents to be chosen to give derivatives of lewisites i and ii that eluted before and T3 the L1 hydrocarbon contaminant limits of detection were comparable for all thiol derivatives analysed by gcms in the selection ion monitoring mode all below microg ml the robustness of this approach was illustrated by successful ID of lewisite i in samples from the sixth proficiency test organised by the organisation for the prohibition of chemical weapons opcw in a matrix of mg ml diesel oil
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immunogold staining failed to show metenkephalin immunoreactivity in the merkel cell densecore granules of rats when examined by electron microscopy but showed gold particle IF in the merkel cell densecore LG of mice and nude mice merkel cells of hamster guinea pig rabbit cat and dog were also examined using a similar method and different antiser at a dose of mg given intravenously QW for weeks followed by mgweek given orally subjects were started on the oral regimen of mgweek during a followup period of months intraocular inflammation improved in all subjects under immunosuppressive therapy with mtx a concomitant improvement in visual acuity was observed in patients side effects included slight elevations in transaminases in patients transient mucositis in case partial alopecia in subjects and nausea in patients our initial results suggest that lowdose mtx therapy may be considered as a therapeutic modality in noninfectious steroidrefractory uveitis
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a contentbased mammogram retrieval system can support usual comparisons made on images by physicians answering similarity queries over images stored in the database the importance of searching for similar mammograms lies in the fact that physicians usually try to recall similar cases by seeking images that are pathologically similar to a given image this paper presents a contentbased mammogram retrieval system which employs a query example to search for similar mammograms in the database in this system the mammographic lesions are interpreted based on their medical characteristics specified in the breast imaging reporting and data system birads standards a hierarchical similarity measurement scheme based on a distance weighting function is proposed to MM users perception and maximizes the effectiveness of each feature in a mammographic descriptor a machine learning approach based on support vector machines and users relevance FB is also proposed to analyze the users information need in order to retrieve target images more accurately experimental results demonstrate thatherosclerotic plaques they circulate in blood and eventually migrate into tissue including the vessel wall where they give rise to macrophages and dendritic cells the existence of monocyte subsets with distinct roles in homeostasis and inflammation suggests specialization of CF these subsets are identified based on expression of the cd and cd markers routinely applicable protocols remain elusive however here we present an optimized fourcolor flow cytometry protocol for analysis of human blood mo subsets using a TPS pecyconjugated monoclonal antibody mab to hladr a pecyconjugated mab to cd a fitcconjugated mab to cd and peconjugated mabs to additional markers relevant to mo CF CP cdcd monocytes here termed mo subset expressed high ccr cd cd and cdl but low X4 whereas nonclassical cdlocd monocytes mo essentially showed the inverse expression pattern cdcd monocytes mo expressed high DR cd and cd in patients with SD PD disease n CP monocytes were decreased whereas NC monocytes were increased compared with healthy subjects with angiographically normal coronary arteries n CP monocytes from cad patients expressed higher X4 and ccr than controls thus SD cad is associated with expansion of the nonclassical monocyte subset and increased expression of inflammatory markers on monocytes flow cytometric analysis of monocyte subsets and marker expression may provide valuable information on vascular inflammation this may translate into the ID of mo subsets as selective therapeutic targets thus avoiding AEs associated with indiscriminate mo inhibition
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several disubstituted furans which are known to react with peroxyacids singlet oxygen and other AS forms of oxygen were tested as potential inhibitors cooxidants or substrates for soybean lipoxygenase the furan epoxyoctadecadienoic acid methyl ester iv was converted by lipoxygenase ulin protects against hepatitis a but only gives limited protection against hepatitis b and non anon b hepatitis special immune serum globulin provides better protection but it is only available in small quantities and should be reserved for direct inoculation only vaccines for AS immunization against SH a and non a non b SH have not yet been developed and AS immunization against hepatitis b with hbsag is still in the exp stage
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the encapsulation of astaxanthin into polymeric NS by solvent MSD was compared for three chemically diverse polymers namely polyethylene oxidemethoxycinnamoylphthaloylchitosan pcplc polyvinylalcoholcovinylmethoxycinnamate pb and ethylcellulose ec although capable of forming NS themselves ec could not encapsulate astaxanthin at all whilst pb yielded a poor encapsulation efficiency in contrast pcplc yielded reasonably good encapsulation efficiency at a loading of ww moreover the FD astaxanthinencapsulated pcplc NS showed good dispersibility in water yielding stable aqueous suspensions of nm nanoparticles a steady release of astaxanthin from the nanospheres up to a maximum of approximately payload over min was also demonstrated at least in AC nmr analysis indicated that after a twohourheating at degrees c in an aqueous environment pcplc nanoencapsulated astaxanthin showed minimal heat degradation of olefinic functionality in contrast to that of the unencapsulated pigment molecules which were almost CR destroyed
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extra medullary deposits are often associated with myeloproliferative disorders especially with myeloid neoplasia these are called granulocytic sarcoma aleukemic leukemia cutis myeloblastoma chloroleukemia EM myeloid tumor and chloroma they commonly present in the bone periosteum soft tissue CL NO and the skin but can occur anywhere the authors present their experience with a patient with no PH of neoplasm presented with a nonhealing ulcer of the lower limb that was a chloroma associated with chronic ML
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angiography has added a new dimension to the management of hemorrhage from the C1 bowel in patients with diverticular hemorrhage mesenteric angiography not only localizes the one site but in addition the one can be acutely controlled with intraarterial infusion of vasopressin making an emergency colectomy unnecessary similarly in patients bleeding from inflammatory bowel disease or in patients with postoperative hemorrhage angiography provides information about the nature of the lesion and selective arterial infusions of vasopressin can control the one at times intestinal varices have angiographically been demonstrated as a potential source of rectal hemorrhage while in patients with unexplained lower gastrointestinal one and repeatedly negative barium and endoscopic examinations angiography has been valuable for the diagnosis of angiodysplasia of the colon
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clustering is a representative of unsupervised learning and one of the important approaches in EDA by its very nature clustering without strong assumption on data distribution is desirable informationtheoretic clustering is a class of clustering methods that optimize informationtheoretic quantities such as entropy and mutual information these quantities can be estimated in a nonparametric manner and informationtheoretic clustering algorithms are capable of capturing various intrinsic data structures it is also possible to estimate informationtheoretic quantities using a data set with sampling weight for each datum assuming the data set is sampled from a certain cluster and assigning different sampling weights depending on the clusters the clusterconditional informationtheoretic quantities are estimated in this letter a simple iterative clustering algorithm is proposed based on a nonparametric estimator of the log likelihood for weighted data sets the clustering algorithm is also derived from the principle of conditional entropy minimization with maximum entropy regularization the proposed algorithm does not contain a tuning parameter the algorithm is experimentally shown to be comparable to or outperform conventional nonparametric clustering methods
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the therapeutic efficacies of procaine penicillin g and AHA when po alone or in combination were evaluated in rats with experimentally induced pyelonephritis at h and days after intrabladder inoculation with corynebacterium renale penicillin CT prevented the OD of pyelonephritis when administered in a once daily dose of units for days beginning within h of infection challenge however if therapy was not initiated until the th day T3 induction of infection pyelonephritis ensued which could not be differentiated from untreated rat PN AHA when po by itself in a once daily dose of mg for days was completely ineffective whether therapy was started at h or days after initiation of infection on the other hand the combination of penicillin and acetohydroxamic acid prevented progression of pyelonephritic infection and facilitated healing when rat kidneys were examined at and days T3 initiation of infection the kidneys of those rats sacrificed at days T3 cessation of treatment revealed the presence of increased interstitial fibrous connective tissue in the renal medulla suggesting prior damage followed by REC and repair in vitro studies on the action of penicillin and AHA against c renale revealed no signs of synergism or antagonism
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tumor CN factoralpha converting enzyme tace or adam is a member of the adam a disintegrin and metalloproteinase family of type i membrane proteins and mediates the ectodomain shedding of various membraneanchored sigser to construct the text and a method of gaze interpretation in this way a situation will be achieved in which the user will manage the system solely with his eyes this review sets out the state of the art of the three modules that make up a system of this type and finally it introduces the speech synthesis system sÃntesis visual del habla sivha which is being developed in the public university of navarra
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