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hirschsprungs disease is the most common cause of pediatric intestinal obstruction contrast enema is used for evaluation of the patients with its diagnosis | MEDAL |
to identify a GA relationship between eucapnic oscillatory flow vosc and frequency f in highfrequency ventilation hfv we searched the literature for eucapnic hfv data in different rat species we found suitable results for rat rabbit monkey dog human and horse which we expressed in terms of two dimensionless variables q voscva and f fvavd with va the VA and vd the volume of the conducting airways the experimental hfv data define the linear regression equation in q in f r kroghs equation for conventional ventilation cv vosc va fvd in dimensionless terms becomes q f which is valid for low f the intersection of the cv and hfv equations at f defines a transition frequency ft vavd at that point the VA per breath vaf represents of vd and tidal volume vt equals vd for eucapnia ft ranges from hz in the rat to hz in the dog the dimensional form of our hfv equation va vtvd vtf is very similar to other empirical equations reported for dogs in noneucapnic settings therefore the dimensionless equation should also be valid within a species at noneucapnic settings | MEDAL |
the capacity of peripheral blood monocytes and b lymphocytes to support staphylococcal protein a spainduced proliferation of autologous and allogeneic t cells as well as the role of major histocompatibility complex mhc class i and ii molecules in this activation process were investigated highly purified IP t lymphocytes did not proliferate in response to spa but their respont distinct circadian variations in dg uptake occur not only in the suprachiasmatic but also in the supraoptic and median raphe nuclei of the rat brain on the other hand several other brain areas failed to display systematic circadian variations in dg uptake these results indicate that circadian metabolic rhythms are not unique to the scn further studies are required to precisely define the extent of such phenomena | MEDAL |
a unilateral microinjection of morphine into the amygdala impaired fear conditioning to both a conditioned stimulus cs paired with shock and the context where shock occurred whereas a microinjection of morphine into the nucleus accumbens na spared CFC to the cs but impaired in a dosedependent and receptorspecific manner fear conditioning to the context morphine in the na also spared extinction and latent inhibition of a cs but abolished the context specificity of these effects and eliminated the increase in discriminability that results from preexposure to a tobeshocked context the results identify a role for the na in the processes by which rats learn about a context and are discussed i glucose metabolic rate in primary VC during stimulation with retinotopic CSD retinal electrophysiology covaries with glucose concentration in in vitro models as well as in humans at comparable concentrations in the physiological range the interactions between retinal EP notably the electroretinogram bwave and gl metabolism appear more stringent than for cortical evoked responses kchannels regulated by intracellular atp are thought to link neuron excitability and electrophysiological activity on the metabolic state highaffinity sulphonylurea binding sites for kchannels are widely distributed in brain kchannels conceivably modulate neurotransmitter PR and are inactivated by elevated glucose concentrations and sulfonylurea drugs used to treat diabetes | MEDAL |
lymphadenoma of the SSG is a rare benign tumor with only reported cases in the english language literature most of which have occurred in adults we report a case of a lymphadenoma occurring in the parotid gland of a yearold girl the RT was composed of variably sized cystic cavities within abundant reactive LT the cystic spaces were filled with eosinophilic secretions with occasional histiocytes many of these features were also apparent on cytologic preparations the cysts were lined by epithelium lacking atypia and showed luminal and abluminal differentiation both by immunohistochemistry and by electron microscopy tumor cells were not cycling as determined by mib immunostaining and the tumor karyotype was normal this is only the second case to be reported in the pediatric age group ultrastructural features and karyotype analysis are reported for the first time although this RT is rarely encountered by pediatric pathologists awareness of its existence is important to distinguish it from possible malignant mimics such as lymphoepithelial carcinoma and M1 mucoepidermoid carcinoma in a CL node | MEDAL |
CLI due to IP arterial occlusive disease is associated with a severely increased morbidity and mortality there is no effective pharmacological therapy available injection of autologous bone marrowderived mononuclear cells bmmnc is a promising therapeutic option in patients with critical limb ischemia but doubleblind randomized trials are lacking | MEDAL |
in this study we examined patterns of leg muscle recruitment and coactivation and the relationship between muscle recruitment and cadence in HT cyclists electromyographic emg activity of the TA tibialis posterior PL gastrocnemius lateralis and soleus was recorded using intramuscular electrodes at individual preferred cadence and rev min the influence of electrode type and location on recorded emg was also investigated using surface and dual intramuscular recordings muscle recruitment patterns varied from those previously reported but there was little R2 in muscle recruitment between these highly trained cyclists the tibialis posterior PL and soleus were recruited in a single short burst of activity during the downstroke the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius lateralis were recruited in a biphasic and alternating manner contrary to existing hypotheses our results indicate little coactivation between the TP and PL peak emg amplitude increased linearly with cadence and did not decrease at individual preferred cadence there was little variation in patterns of muscle recruitment or coactivation with changes in cadence IM electrode location had little influence on recorded emg there were significant differences between surface and intramuscular recordings from the tibialis anterior and GL which may explain differences between our findings and those of previous studies | MEDAL |
severe sepsis and septic shock are the major healthcare problem with high mortality and increasing incidence most cases of septic shock are caused by gramnegative bacilli or GP cocci in diagnostic algorithm microbial SC and molecular analysis of tissue and body liquid should be obtained in patients with documented PH of infection morphological analysis of tissue should be performed for diagnostic purpose in cases where the results of diagnostic tests are negative or when the patient clinically deteriorates despite standard therapeutic management of severe sepsis and SS morphological changes that can be found in a patient with sepsis include reversible and irreversible cell injury cell necrosis inflammatory and other pathological changes that can cause functional organ failure analysis of infectious agents can be performed using special methods histochemical immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining morphological analysis of pathological processes can be performed in cases of patient death autopsy is one of the most reliable methods to validate clinical diagnosis in a patient with severe sepsis and SS morphological analysis of tissue and organs which can be performed during diagnostic algorithm as well as on autopsy presents diagnostic and final validation of clinical diagnosis and contributes to AGA patient care therapy and improved health quality | MEDAL |
one hundred twentytwo congenital cardiac anomalies were diagnosed in pigs during necropsies of pigs from one day to four years of age during an month period the incidence of cardiac malformation was higher at to days of age of the pigs with cardiac anomalies were male and were female and of these were purebred and were F1 pigs of the purebred pigs with cardiac malformation there were seven landrace pigs four LW pigs three duroc jersey pigs and one yorkshire pig whereas of the crossbred pigs were crossbred among landrace duroc jersey and LW the cardiac anomalies found in the pigs were dysplasia of the TV in pigs atrial septal defect in pigs SAS in pigs ventricular septal defect in nine pigs persistent common atrioventricular canal in eight pigs malformation of the moderator band in seven pigs persistent vena cava in one pig PTA in one pig and pulmonary stenosis in one pig the pathological features of the anomalies in swine were similar to those described in small animals and in man the findings indicate that spontaneous porcine cardiac anomalies might provide models for cardiovascular investigators to study the etiology and pathogenesis of CHD in man and other animals | MEDAL |
a morphological study by light and electron microscopy on the lateral line system of the urodele amphibian pleurodeles waltii demonstrates the presence of sensory organs other than neuromasts in the head from their morphology they have been called ampullary organs the ampullary organs occur in the bottom of a groove and consist of three different types of cells sensory supporting and mantle cells histochemical analysis indicates that the last two are secretory cells probably involved in the production of the material filling the ampulla and the groove | MEDAL |
the integrative relationship between population genetics and forensic biology allows for a thorough genetic characterization of extant human populations this T0 aimed to genetically characterize unrelated HD from a GA population in iran both forensically and phylogenetically the allelic frequencies of str loci ds ds ds csfpo ds th ds ds ds ds vwa tpox ds ds and fga were generated this constitutes the core of polymerase chain reaction pcrbased dna genetic markers in the us combined DI system codis plus two additional loci ds and ds that together are consistent with several other worldwide database requirements there were no deviations from hardyweinberg expectations based upon the allelic frequencies several important forensic parameters were calculated including gene diversity gd index power of discrimination pd polymorphic information content pic and PE pe gtests indicate the allelic frequencies of the iranians are statistically NS compared to two turkish populations yet statistically different from the remaining CG obtained from the literature and examined in this study this suggests that the iranian dataset may be forensically equivalent to the dataset from the turkish region of eastern anatolia and the GP from turkey phylogenetic analysis of our population with the full set of loci indicate the iranians occupy an intermediate position relative to the L1 caucasian and east asian clades on a global level a regional phylogenetic analysis using of the loci indicate the iranians segregate in a more compact association with groups from southeastern spain arabs from morocco and syria and especially with the GP from turkey and those from eastern anatolia these CG are flanked by highly differentiated populations from northern india and a berber group from tunisia on opposing ends of the regional phylogram this report also demonstrates the necessity to thoroughly characterize the genetic composition of populations located in geographic intersections in order to choose the AGA dataset on which to base forensic calculations not only at an intrapopulation level but also at an interpopulation level as well | MEDAL |
although epidemiology studies have associated maternal trichloroethylene tce SE with decreased birth weight and PTB mechanistic explanations for these associations are currently lacking we hypothesized that tce targets the placenta with adverse consequences for pregnancy outcomes Pr WR were exposed orally to vehicle or mg tcekg body weight from gestational days gd and tissues were collected on gd SE to tce significantly decreased average fetal weight without reducing maternal weight in placenta tce significantly increased hydroxydeoxyguanosine global hydroxymethylcytosine and mrna expression of tet which codes for an enzyme involved in hydroxymethylcytosine formation furthermore glutathione stransferase activity and immunohistochemical staining were increased in placentas of tceexposed rats the present study provides the first evidence that tce increases markers of oxidative AS in placenta in a fetal growth restriction rat MM providing new insight into the placenta as a potentially relevant target for tceinduced adverse pregnancy outcomes | MEDAL |
FF rats a diet deficient in choline results in fatty CL within d we studied the effect of ST d choline deficiency on rat CL z protein fatty acidbinding protein CG of three females spraguedawley rats were fed ad libitum a purified diet lacking choline and lmethionine or were supplemented with choline chloride and lmethionine animals were killed T3 or d of consuming control or exp diets and hepatic z protein was prepared z protein in livers from exp and control rats were estimated with the FL probe dansylamino undecanoic acid the corresponding fatty acidbinding activity was also determined one day of cholinedeficient diet increased z protein concentration threefold reaching a plateau on the second and third day fatty acidbinding activity of z protein remained unchanged | MEDAL |
recent studies in patients with muscular dystrophies suggest positive effects of aerobic and strength training these studies focused training on using bicycle ergometers and conventional strength training which precludes more severely affected patients from participating because of their weakness we investigated the PET effects of combined aerobic and strength training in patients with becker and limbgirdle muscular dystrophies with kneulture an exploration of the borderland between anthropology medicine and psychiatry vol university of california press berkeley model of health care systems was applied in this research as a theoretical FR and lens through which the reported findings are viewed as it places health within the broader context of SC in this research a qualitative RPA with focus CG was used a total of thirty participants were recruited from african migrant community organisations in cambridgeshire in the east of england strategic HA in order to study the experiences of african migrants when accessing sexual CHS it was found that barriers to equal access to hiv services exist for african communities in cambridgeshire these included language barriers and others bordering on the use of traditional medicine by african migrants understanding of cultural diversity awareness of how and where to access hiv services and getting information about hiv findings highlighted the importance of taking the sectors of kleinmans MM into consideration when planning hiv services for african communities | MEDAL |
aspirin has been tested for its benefit in preventing cardiovascular disease in randomized trials in three categories of patients in secondary prevention among those with a PH of myocardial infarction mi stroke or transient CBF ischemia or unstable angina pectoris randomized trials demonstrated significant reductions from aspirin of for the occurrence of an important V1 event nonfatal mi nonfatal stroke or vascular death for nonfatal mi for nonfatal stroke and for vascular mortality among those evolving an mi the second international T0 of infarct survival isis showed a significant reduction of in fiveweek V1 mortality among those started on a onemonth regimen of daily aspirin within hours of the ON of PS of suspected mi aspirin also significantly reduced reinfarction nonfatal stroke and important vascular events finally in primary prevention the us physicians health study phs showed a significant reduction in the occurrence of a first mi among apparently healthy male physicians numbers of strokes and V1 deaths were insufficient to permit conclusions for these endpoints thus aspirin is of clear benefit in reducing mi stroke and V1 death in secondary prevention and among those evolving an mi it is also beneficial in the primary prevention of mi among men over but data concerning its effects on stroke and v the divalent metal iondependent conversion of the acyclic F0 geranyl pyrophosphate to a variety of monocyclic and bicyclic monoterpene skeletons examination of the kinetics of inhibition of cyclization by the pyrophosphate ester of ediazotrifluoropropionyloxymethylbuteno l a photolabile structural analog of the substrate using a partially purified preparation of geranyl pyrophosphatepinene cyclase and geranyl pyrophosphatebornyl pyrophosphate cyclase from common sage salvia officinalis evidenced under dark conditions strictly uncompetitive inhibition with ki values of and microm respectively these values are close to the corresponding km values for the substrate with these two enzymes this novel property of the ATP analog was also examined in the presence of two other inhibitors which bind to different domains of the cyclase active site inorganic pyrophosphate and a sulfonium ion analog of a cyclic carbocationic intermediate of the reaction sequence dimethylmethylcyclohexenylsulfonium iodide in order to address the mechanistic origins of the uncompetitive inhibition of cyclization it was not possible however to rule out either an inducedfit mechanism or a sequential binding mechanism since the substrate is recognized by at least two binding domains and because direct examination of the effects of IB on cyclase conformation is currently not feasible the ATP analog although photoactive did not give rise to lightdependent enzyme inactivation of greater magnitude than that obtained from ultraviolet light CT the unusual SMB of the analog was attributed to intramolecular interaction of the electronrich carbonyl group of the diazoester with the required divalent metal ion that is chelated by the pyrophosphate group a photostable analog of geraniol that resembled the photoactive ATP analog in bearing a carbonyl function at c oxodimethylocttransenol was prepared following foliar application to rapidly growing sage plants this analog was seemingly activated to the corresponding pyrophosphate ester in vivo and selectively inhibited the activity of several cyclases in this tissue as evidenced by diminished production of the corresponding monoterpene end products | MEDAL |
splenectomy is the treatment of choice in the majority of patients affected by idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura refractory to corticosteroid therapy but it is not free from early and late complications as the available literature does not seem to contain any precise indications concerning possible AF predicting the response to splenectomy the aim of this retrospective T0 of splenectomized patients was to attempt to identify potentially predictive clinical or laboratory parameters | MEDAL |
between and adults with lowgrade grade i or ii astrocytomas of the cerebrum underwent initial computed tomography ct and craniotomy followed by irradiation of to rad to gy the fouryear actuarial or life table survival rate was for the eight patients whose initial ct scans showed contrast enhancement and for the patients whose tumors did not enhance p prognostic factors were comparable for the two CG it is concluded that contrast enhancement has no prognostic significance for lowgrade astrocytomas of the adult cerebrum | MEDAL |
in this T0 the hypothesis of motor NLP involvement in developmental apraxia of speech das was investigated by studying articulatory compensation five children with das and normally speaking children age yearsmonths to and adult women produced utterances in a normal speaking condition and in a biteblock condition in which the mandible was kept in a fixed position throughout the utterances the course of the second formant was used to determine articulatory compensation and the effect of the bite block on anticipatory coarticulation results showed that the biteblock condition in normally speaking children like in adult women did not affect the extent of anticipatory coarticulation in the speech of children with das the bite block had large effects on coarticulatory patterns and on vowel SQ which contrary to expectations had improved these results are interpreted as a clear demonstration of deficient motor NLP in das | MEDAL |
this study shows the diagnostic outcome of an apttbased and two drvvtbased commercial confirmatory integrated tests with the application of the recommendations by the SSC ssc on lupus AC laantiphospholipid syndrome aps of the international society on thrombosis and haemostasis isth issued in concerning the cutoff values for the screening mixing and confirmatory tests for the PCD of la and the mandatory need to perform mixing tests of patient plasma with pooled NP the T0 population included patients collected from a large central coagulation laboratory for which the attending physicians requested la PCD onehundredsix HS HS and selected patients on oral anticoagulant therapy oat were included as negative controls the results suggest that the performance of mixing tests is indicated for those methods with relatively poor specificity but is less needed for those methods with high specificity furthermore the ssc recommendation to use normal midvalue ie the th percentile of distribution of results from HS as the cutoff to interpret raphy angiography cta as the potential new criterion standard as the screening and followup imaging modality for bvni will be discussed the application of new multidetector cta techniques available such as DE ct and iterative reconstruction are also reviewed in addition the characteristic imaging findings on cta and the associated denver grading scale for bvni will be reviewed to allow readers to become familiar with the injury patterns and to understand the prognostic and clinical implications respectively examples of the spectrum of injuries potential injury mimics and different artifacts on multidetector cta are shown to help familiarize readers and allow them to successfully and confidently recognize a true bvni | MEDAL |
this metaanalysis examined the effect of protransition from one alarm category to another temporal associations amongst alarms and determination of prevalent sequences in which alarms manifest desaturation bradycardia and apnea constituted of all alarms and demonstrated distinctive periodic increases in the number of alarms that were synchronized with nursing care and enteral FF by inhibiting further alarms of a category for a short duration of time s s nonactionable physiological alarms could be reduced by the patterns of transition from one alarm category to another and the time duration between such EMT revealed the presence of close temporal associations and multiparametric derangement examination of the prevalent alarm sequences reveals that while many sequences comprised of multiple alarms nearly of the sequences were isolated instances of alarms and are potentially irreducible patterns in alarming as they manifest in the clinical workspace were identified and visualized this information can be exploited to investigate strategies for reducing alarms | MEDAL |
we studied the effect of sulfadiomethoxine and ormetoprim rofenaid in combination with lasalocid avatec and monensin coban on mortality weight gain and FC of male broilers to days of age four shuttle treatments were utilized monensin feeding for the entire trial sulfadimethoxine and ormetoprim feeding for the first weeks followed by lasalocid for the remainder of the trial sulfadimethoxine and ormetoprim FF for the first weeks followed by MON and sulfadimethoxine and ormetoprim feeding through week then lasalocid for the remainder of the trial no significant p greater than differences were observed in mortality among the four treatments the combination of sulfadimethoxine and ormetoprim plus lasalocid significantly p less than improved weight gain and final body weight but the length of time that SDM and ormetoprim were fed did not have any effect sulfadimethoxine and ormetoprim plus MON treatment resulted in better feed conversion as compared with the other treatments | MEDAL |
recent advances in the treatment and management of haematological malignancies are due in large part to an improved understanding of the basic biology that drives tumour cell growth and survival this improved understanding has led to the clinical T0 and approval of a number of different targeted agents across a number of different haematological tumours this review of clinical data covers some of the exciting clinical advances that were reported at the recent american society of hematology meeting in san diego usa this paper focuses on three important areas of biological research that has yielded clinical trials that have affected clinical outcomes the areas covered include proteasome inhibition and myeloma IMT kinase inhibitors that are directed at the bcrabl FP and chronic myeloid leukaemiaacute lymphoblastic leukaemia and flt inhibitors and acute myeloid leukaemia acute lymphoblastic leukaemia therapy | MEDAL |
evidence for efficacy of dual antiplatelet therapy in stroke is limited symptomatic carotid stenosis patients are at high risk of early recurrent stroke in this group asymptomatic MES mes detected by transcranial doppler ultrasound tcd are markers of future stroke and transient ischemic attack tia risk they offer a surrogate marker to evaluate antiplatelet therapy but no multicenter study has evaluated the feasibility of this RPA | MEDAL |
over the past decade a vast variety of different FL labeling systems have emerged for use in fluorescence microscopy and fluorescencebased analytical techniques a difficulty frequently arising when quantifying fluorescently labeled samples is that the number of labels per protein is neither well defined for example due to multiple PET groups that can undergo covalent coupling with activated dyes nor well known for example due to limited methods mostly estimating ensemble averages herein we use a recently established method that evaluates the statistics of multiple photon detection events to measure the label number CSD of different fluorescent marker molecules at the singlemolecule level we tested five different farred dyes frequently used for fluorescence labeling and found all of them suitable for our counting method we used two dyes atton and alexa to investigate the label number distribution of fluorescently labeled proteins in the experiments we found that the label number distribution of antibodies and streptavidin has a significant fraction of molecules labeled with two three or more fluorophores in contrast the distribution of label numbers for nanobodies resembles the one acquired for snaptag which can have a maximum of one label PER this is also reflected in the ensemble degree of labeling which is in good agreement for the latter samples whereas stronger deviations were observed for antibodies and streptavidin our singlemolecule studies enable full characterization of the label number distribution for various FL markers this work puts quantitative studies on the stoichiometry of fluorescently tagged oligomers and protein aggregates into perspective | MEDAL |
clinical statistics indicate that extrauterine viability becomes increasingly compromised at earlier GAs it is generally accepted that this trend is largely due to the immaturity of the pulmonary system investigators have attributed the high degree of instability during the perinatal period of the PT infant to incomplete PSA OD of the lung whereas disruption in PSA development results in alveolar surfactant deficiency elevated interfacial tension alveolar instability and inadequate pulmonary gas exchange it is possible that incomplete OD of other components within the pulmonary as well as other organ systems may also influence ultimate extrauterine viability of the preterm neonate however until recently little was known in this regard as conventional gas ventilation techniques have been unsuccessful in supporting a stable animal preparation for controlled exp investigation of physiologic processes before approximately gestation in the early s the concept of liquid ventilation was applied to the preterm and newborn animal since this time technological advances in liquid delivery systems have established this exp approach as a viable means to support the PT infant during the transition from the liquidfilled intrauterine to gasfilled extrauterine environment reduction of surface tension improvement in lung mechanics effective pulmonary gas exchange acidbase balance improved distribution of pulmonary blood flow and cardiovascular stability in the liquid ventilated PT animal support the use of this alternative method of ventilation as a valuable exp tool and potential clinical therapeutic modality during early development the evolution of this RPA is presented in this article | MEDAL |
several studies have shown that the staining by fluorochromes dapi sybr green ii and toto of bacteria is altered by chlorination to evaluate the effect of chlorine bleach solution on propidium iodide pi IF we studied escherichia coli in suspension and biomolecules in solution dna rna bsa palmitic acid and dextran first subjected to chlorine and then neutralized by sodium thiosulphate the suspensions and solutions were subsequently stained with pi the FI of the pistained dna and rna in solution dramatically decreased with an increase in the chlorine concentration applied these results explain the fact that for chlorine concentrations higher than micromoll cl the e coli cells were too damaged to be properly stained by pi in the case of highly chlorinated bacteria it was impossible to distinguish healthy cells with a piimpermeable membrane and undamaged nucleic acids which were nonfluorescent T3 pi IF from cells severely injured by chlorine with a pipermeable membrane and damaged nucleic acids that were also nonfluorescent as pi penetrated but did not stain chlorinated nucleic acids our results suggest that it would be prudent to be cautious in interpreting the results of pi staining as pi falsenegative cells cells with compromised membranes but not stained by pi because of nucleic acid damage caused by chlorine are obtained as a result of nucleic acid damage leading to an underestimation of truly dead bacteria | MEDAL |
the results of studies comparing survival in familial and sporadic breast CA bc are inconsistent a higher incidence of contralateral breast cancer cbc has been reported in familial bc ascertainment bias may influence both the reported familial cbc and survival | MEDAL |
there have been limited studies on the potential role of methadone treatment in hiv prevention in asia over an week period we assessed the profiles of drugtaking and hiv risk behaviors and tried to identify their relationships with methadone adherence in clients who attended hong kongs MTD treatment program in the preceding month of respondents reported using drugs and twothirds of those respondents who had injected drugs at some time in their lives injected then infrequent clients who attended methadone clinics times in the previous week were twice more likely to have injected drugs in the last month and six times more likely to have i.v. in the last week than frequent clinic attendees also clients taking mg MTD daily were twice more likely to have i.v. in the last week than those taking or mg methadone the findings called for further studies on harm reduction programs for hiv prevention among DUs in asian countries | MEDAL |
in follicular such as ct perfusion that may not be perceptible to the naked eye the main components of texture analysis can be categorized into image transformation and quantification image transformation filters the conventional image into its basic components SF etc to produce derived subimages texture quantification techniques include structural model fractal dimensions statistical and frequencybased methods the underlying tumour biology that ct texture analysis may reflect includes but is not limited to tumour hypoxia and angiogenesis emerging studies show that ct texture analysis has the potential to be a useful adjunct in clinical oncologic imaging providing important information about tumour characterization prognosis and treatment prediction and response | MEDAL |
PC and nonparenchymal cell fractions isolated from rat CL were analysed for the CSD of somatogenic receptors and for insulinlike growth factori igfi mrna the effect of hypophysectomy either CT or in combination with a single i.t. of human gh hgh on the levels of igfi mrna was also studied in the two cell fractions the contamination of PC cells in the nonparenchymal cell fraction was in the range of somatogenic receptors were found only in the parenchymal cell fraction igfi mrna was detected in both cell fractions although the level of this mrna was about fivefold higher in parenchymal cells when rna was studied by RNA gel analysis no L1 differences were observed in the size distribution of igfi transcripts in the two cell fractions in hypophysectomized animals the igfi mrna level was decreased to and of control values in the parenchymal and nonparenchymal cell fractions respectively treatment of hypophysectomized animals with a single dose of hgh restored igfi mrna in PC and in nonparenchymal cells to the extent found in intact animals in conclusion our data indicate that somatogenic receptors are exclusively and igfi mrna predominantly expressed in liver parenchymal cells compared with a total nonparenchymal cell fraction the most marked effect of gh correlating with the presence of somatogenic receptors was seen in the PC cells the minor nongh dependent expression of igfi mrna suggests that this peptide may elicit effects in addition to the wellestablished ghdependent activity | MEDAL |
local and regional hyperthermia for treatment of CA is often combined with radio and chemotherapy in this study we tested whether topically applied serotonin ht modulates RT blood flow during HT the surgically unprepared ear MC of anesthetized mgkg PB female nude athymic nunu mice g was used between and days after passaged pieces of human colon adenocarcinoma cells microliter had been implanted under the dorsal epidermis of the ear that ear tumor diameter mm was fixed on a temperatureregulated stage for measurement via closedcircuit videomicroscopy of the diameters of large and small a arterioles and venules v and capillaries during local hyperthermia degrees c degrees c and during HT plus mmoll ht in the hyperthermiaalone group all skin vessels dilated whereas all RT vessels constricted with increasing temperatures hyperthermia combined with ht caused dilation of skin arterioles but skin venules constricted in contrast we observed constriction of all microvessels in human tumor xenografts with the combination of hyperthermia and ht we conclude that hyperthermia and ht applied intratumorally could be clinically effective since NS microcirculation is best protected with this treatment while RT blood flow is widely reduced | MEDAL |
eeg recordings of HPC theta activity and neocortical activity were correlated with direct observations and photographic recordings of the behaviour of unrestrained cats the behaviour studied included both spontaneous and induced changes in level of arousal sleepwakefulness different types of orienting activity that occur as the animal is repeatedly exposed to a novel environment and MICs such as walking drinking and grooming with increases in arousal amount of hippocampal theta activity increased in direct association with extent of pupillary dilatation degree of eye opening and extent of neocortical desynchronization conversely with spontaneous or habituationinduced reductions of arousal amount of theta activity became reduced maximal theta activity was associated with the increased eye movement phase of rem sleep and during wakefulness with fixed staring and visual searching behaviour tonic orienting activity in contrast hippocampal theta activity was suppressed or att during reflexive head turning phasic orienting behaviour and other stereotyped movements such as drinking grooming and undirected locomotor activity unaccompanied by attentive behaviour these results suggest that theta activity is primarily related to arousal and its control by attentional mechanisms | MEDAL |
the level ofcytokines was studied in the blood of women aged to with recurrent GH caused by herpes simplex virus hsv type or for the frequency of relapses within year treated with interferon inducers iodantipyrin cycloferon and amixin in combination with basic ACV therapy it is found that in patients with clinical effect of treatment decrease in the frequency of relapses the level of cytokines of nonspecific immune response IFN betainterferon tumor necrosis factoralpha and th profile gammainterferon interleukin increased and the concentrations of interleukin decreased months after beginning of drug administration a special feature of drug action for iodantipyrin was a relatively C1 increase in the blood level of alphainterferon for cycloferonin the level of tumor CN factoralpha and for amixinin the level of gammainterferon in the absence of any clinical effect interferon inducers produced only small and brief in months after the beginning of treatment increase in the blood content of Th1 cytokines IFN gammainterferon interleukin at a stable high level of interleukin | MEDAL |
a yearold woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of gait disturbance at the time of admission she had incomplete monoparesis of the left LE with a sensory level of t mr images showed a thickened dura at the ct vertebral C2 the thickened dura showed low intensities on t and tweighted images and was homogeneously enhanced by gddtpa HCM spinal pachymeningitis hsp was suspected and laminectomy was performed from t to t the thickened dura was found and partially resected microscopically the diagnosis was hsp steroid therapy was initiated after surgery postoperatively the patients PCS status and radiographic images improved the etiology of hsp is not clear in most cases it is difficult to diagnose radiographically although mr imaging can help differentiate it from other disorders t and tweighted images of hsp show low intensities and the tweighted image is homogeneously enhanced by gddtpa treatment is early decompressive surgery with possible excision of the involved dura steroid therapy was effective in our case | MEDAL |
the primary structure of the secreted carbonic anhydrase from ovine salivary PG has been determined by automated edman CS analysis of peptides generated by cyanogen bromide and tryptic cleavage of the protein and staphylococcus aureus v protease TR and alphachymotrypsin subdigests of the C1 cyanogen bromide MMP the enzyme is a single polypeptide chain comprising amino acids and contains two apparent sites of carbohydrate attachment at asn and asn the protein contains two halfcystine residues at and which appear to form an intramolecular disulfide bond salivary carbonic anhydrase shows sequence identity with the ovine cytoplasmic carbonic anhydrase ii enzyme with residues involved in the active site highly conserved compared to the cytoplasmic carbonic anhydrases the secreted enzyme has a carboxylterminal extension of amino acids this is the first report of the complete CAA sequence of a secreted carbonic anhydrase ca vi | MEDAL |
in vitro activity of nine new cephalosporins and PCs was determined against isolates of PA carbenicillin ticarcillin gentamicin tobramycin and netilmicin were also included in the study imipenem showed highest activity more than of the isolates were susceptible to TIC piperacillin azlocillin CPZ CFS and to tobramycin isolates included in the T0 were resistant to gentamicin mic greater than mgl of these none were resistant to imipenem and more than were susceptible to piperacillin azlocillin cefoperazone and cefsulodin | MEDAL |
normal movements return to carp eyes after section and regeneration of the iiird and ivth nerve trunks two months T3 reinnervation records of impulses in the inferior oblique nerve during tilting of the body show activity of the normal motoneurons to that muscle together with discharge patterns characteristic of the antagonistic SO and some of the rectus muscles these axons must have found their way into the inferior oblique trunk during sprouting at the lesion and must be maintained after reinnervation impf release of co from the methyl group of lanosterol conditions for maximal rates of demethylation were established addition of increasing amounts of washed microsomes to a constant amount of substrate resulted in additional PR of co but the release was not proportional to the amount of microsomes incubation with increasing amounts of microsomes treated with triton wr yielded a proportional rate of release of co the tritontreated microsomes were frozen and stored without loss of activity the rate of formation of co was constant up to hr of incubation with both tritontreated microsomes and whole homogenate for which the km for lanosterol was and x m respectively other gemdimethyl sterols were competitive inhibitors ki and x m the enzyme system was inhibited by arsenite dihydrolanosterol dihydrolanostenone and SQ were demethylated by the homogenate the whole TH catalyzed the incorporation of mevalonic acid but not acetic acid into SQ and sterols the enzymatic properties of the sterol synthetic system from skin resemble those of similar preparations from rat liver | MEDAL |
cyprinid HHV-8 cyhv infection is a newly emerged infectious disease of farmed gibel carp carassius gibelio in china and causes huge economic losses to the aquaculture industry in this study the three membrane proteins encoded by genes orf orfc and orfd othe most frequent malignant glioma and despite recent advances in diagnosis and new treatment options its prognosis remains dismal new opportunities for the OD of effective therapies for malignant gliomas are urgently needed magnetohyperthermia consists of heat generation in the region of the tumor through the application of magnetic nanoparticles subjected to an AMF and has shown positive results in both preclinical and clinical assays the aim of this review was to assess the relevance of hyperthermia induced by magnetic NPs in treating gliomas and to describe possible variations of the technique and its implication in the effectiveness of treatment an electronic search in the literature of articles published from january to november was performed in databases isi web of science and pubmed and T3 screening according to the inclusion criteria articles were selected animal models showed that magnetohyperthermia was effective in promoting RT cell death and reducing tumor mass or increasing survival of the animals one clinical study demonstrated that magnetohyperthermia could be applied safely and with few adverse effects some studies suggested that mechanisms of cell death such as apoptosis necrosis and antitumor immune response were triggered by magnetohyperthermia based on these data it was concluded that the technique proved to be effective in most experiments and improvement of the nanocomposites as well as of the alternating magnetic field equipment can contribute towards establishing magnetohyperthermia as a promising tool to treat malignant gliomas | MEDAL |
we have carried out a solidstate magicangle samplespinning mas nuclear magnetic resonance nmr spectroscopic investigation of the calpha chemical shielding tensors of alanine valine and leucine residues in a series of crystalline peptides of known structure for alanine and leucine which are not branched at the betacarbon the exp chemical shift anisotropy csa spans omega are large about ppm independent of whether the residues adopt helical or sheet geometries and are in generally good accord with omega values calculated by using ab initio HF quantum chemical methods the experimental omegas for valine calpha in two peptides in sheet geometries are also large and in good agreement with theoretical predictions in contrast the csas deltasigma obtained from solution nmr data for alanine valine and leucine residues in proteins show major differences with helical residues having deltasigma values of approximately ppm while sheet residues have deltasigma approximately ppm the origins of these differences are shown to be due to the different definitions of the csa when defined in terms of the solution nmr csa the solidstate results also show small helical but C1 sheet csa values these results are of interest since they lead to the idea that only the betabranched amino acids threonine valine and isoleucine can have small static tensor spans omega in helical geometries and that the small helical csas seen in solution nmr are overwhelmingly dominated by changes in tensor orientation from sheet to helix these results have important implications for solidstate nmr structural studies which utilize the csa span omega to differentiate between helical and sheet residues specifically there will be only a small degree of spectral editing possible in solid proteins since the spans omega for the dominant nonbranched amino acids are quite similar editing on the basis of omega will however be very ERP for many thr val and ileu residues which frequently have small approximately ppm helical csa omega spans | MEDAL |
disorders of gl metabolism are commonly seen by practicing emergency physicians reagent strips such as visidex and chemstrip are useful as a quick and accurate method of gl estimation provided the procedure is followed correctly these reagent strips are particularly useful for rapid screening in the unresponsive patient the accuracy of glucose analysis obtained from the clinical laboratory is improved when methods to prevent glycolysis are used and when enzymatic methods of gl analysis are used the common and important indications for routine glucose analysis include evaluation of symptomatically ill patients with known diabetes or patients with altered mental status or coma of unknown etiology patients on insulin or sulfonylureas sick neonates patients with a variety of drug intoxications and patients suffering from significant SVR illness or injury likely to manifest with physiologic stress expressed as gl intolerance | MEDAL |
iws phosphorylation by akt and akt resulted in increased circulating C2 of il four weeks postvaccination and il for weeks postvaccination but without effect on Th1 cytokines il ilp il and ifnγ however in nonresponders there was a significant rise in il compared with responders future studies will examine the mechanism of this vaccination strategy in more detail in conclusion salmonellabased oral vaccines expressing autoantigens combined with imunomodulatory cytokines appears to be a promising therapy for prevention of td | MEDAL |
in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd daily physical activity is reported to be adversely associated with the magnitude of exerciseinduced dynamic hyperinflation and IP muscle weakness there is limited evidence whether CE hemodynamic oxygen transport and peripheral muscle oxygenation capacities also contribute to reduced daily PCS activity nineteen patients with copd fev ± predicted underwent a TM walking test at a speed corresponding to the individual patients mean walking intensity captured by a triaxial accelerometer during a preceding day period during the indoor treadmill test the individual patient mean walking intensity range to ms was significantly correlated with changes from baseline in cardiac output recorded by impedance cardiography range to lmin r SVR V1 conductance range to ml·min·mmhg r systemic oxygen delivery estimated from cardiac output and arterial pulseoxymetry saturation range to lmin r arteriovenous oxygen content difference calculated from oxygen uptake and cardiac SO range to mlo ml r and quadriceps muscle fractional oxygen saturation assessed by nearinfrared spectrometry range to r in addition mean walking intensity significantly correlated with the quadriceps muscle force adjusted for body weight range to r and the ratio of minute ventilation over maximal voluntary ventilation range to r in copd in addition to ventilatory limitations and peripheral muscle weakness intensity of daily PCS activity is associated with both central hemodynamic and IP muscle oxygenation capacities regulating the adequacy of matching peripheral muscle oxygen availability by SVR oxygen transport | MEDAL |
our recent in vitro T0 showed that extracorporeal shock wave esw stimulated calcium deposition in human periosteal cells in this study we hypothesized that the use of esw could induce new bone formation in osteoporotic bone using our established osteoporotic goat model the calcaneus distal radius and FA condyle of the left limb were treated with esw once per month the contralateral side served as the control bone mineral density bmd microarchitecture and dynamic histomorphometric index were evaluated T3 months trabecular bmd of the calcaneus increased significantly by this finding was substantiated by MCT findings showing that trabecular BV/TV fraction and trabecular thickness of the treated calcaneus were enhanced compared with the CL control however significant difference could not be detected in the other two weightbearing skeletal sites mineral apposition rates of all eswtreated regions were also consistently higher than those of the control these findings suggest that esw treatment could enhance local bmd by inducing new bone formation yet the effect was more apparent in nonweightbearing sites | MEDAL |
ribavirin exposure T3 the first dose dauch mcg·h·l is predictive of sustained virological response svr in patients with SH c treated with peginterferon and ribavirin the aim of this T0 was to test the benefit of ribavirin early dose adjustment based on this target in naïve patients infected with TT | MEDAL |
this report describes three cases of an atypical variant of agnogenic myeloid metaplasia characterized by pancytopenia high IP blast cell count lack of significant splenomegaly or teardrop poikilocytosis and diffuse MF with an abnormal proliferation of megakaryocytes it is suggested that these cases represent an acute variant of agnogenic myeloid metaplasia that is distinct from either the terminal blastic transformation of myelofibrosis or AGL | MEDAL |
a prospective longitudinal T0 was conducted in order to determine by sonographically estimated fetal weight the patterns of fetal growth in twins thirtyfive healthy women with normal twin pregnancies were examined every three weeks from the th week of gestation to delivery among the measurements obtained were the biparietal diameter bpd the ABD circumference and the calculated fetal weight from weeks the GV of the bpd and ABD circumference remained fairly constant with a steady increase in incremental growth beyond this age we observed a slowing in growth of the bpd while the ABD circumference continued at a constant rate the growth velocity of the weight steadily increased throughout pregnancy although greater biologic R2 in weight between twin a and b was observed as gestational age PD the overall mean weights of twin a and b were not statistically different we have generated a nomogram of fetal WG throughout pregnancy | MEDAL |
the diagnosis of stressinduced cardiomyopathy requires wall motion abnormality most typically apical ballooning the authors report cases of transient global left ventricular systolic dysfunction that developed over the course of severe medical illnesses the cardiomyopathy that developed in each patient had all the features of takotsubo cardiomyopathy including reversibility mild troponin elevation nonspecific electrocardiographic CA and a negative workup for ischemia the only difference was the absence of RWM abnormalities no patients developed sepsis or MC stressinduced cardiomyopathy may present in different forms including regional or global left VVI dysfunction classic takotsubo syndrome may represent only part of the spectrum of this reversible condition | MEDAL |
a low arylsulphatase a activity was noted in the leukocytes and cultured skin fibroblasts of a child without any other PS of metachromatic leukodystrophy although the mother had a level of arylsulphatase commensurate with heterozygosity for the classical metachromatic leukodystrophy gene the father had a variant gene giving an unusually low in vitro level of this enzyme in combination the proband these two genes gave rise to a very low in vitro activity without any apparent disease in screening for metachromatic leukodystrophy a low arylsulphatase a level is not necessarily indicative of this disease if a clinically normal parent shows an unusually low level of this enzyme | MEDAL |
galnac alpha galnaclipids induce an antidepressivelike effect in mice in the forced swimming test in the present T0 the relationship between the effects of several ADs and serum gl reactivities were investigated the antidepressants imipramine maprotiline paroxetine trazodone and mianserin induced an effect in forced swimming in mice after or h but not min T3 treatment the galnac alpha galnaclipid globopentaosylceramide dosedependently induced the effect only min after treatment and the gl reactivities were found in the SS dosedependently at the period that the mice showed the antidepressivelike climbing SMB the results strongly suggest that glycolipid production and not theicle and some of the tendinous cords of the mitral valve were attached to this structure preoperative echocardiography was particularly informative in enabling the surgeon to arrange the optional operative procedures the postoperative course was smooth and uneventful | MEDAL |
a markedly decreased aortic nitric oxide no availability probably due to impaired endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity with enhanced o and peroxynitrite production seems to be attributable to EC dysfunction in SH rats shr with severe CHF chf in this T0 we investigated the chronic effect of the angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitor ramipril ra and the loop diuretic frusemide fu as well as the combination of both on EC no o and peroxynitrite production in aortae from shr with failing hearts T3 myocardial infarction mi heart failure was induced by permanent occlusion of the LCA shr were randomised to receive either PL ra mgkgday fu mgkgday or rafu and mgkgday respectively treatments were started two weeks following mi and continued for six weeks reduced aortic and CF indices in the working heart which can be considered as markers for endothelial function were significantly normalised and improved respectively by ra fu or rafutreatment similarly all three treatment regimens significantly enhanced the reduced calcium ionophore caiinduced norelease assessed by a nosensitive microsensor from aortic EC cells of placebotreated animals with chf concomitantly the increased caistimulated o production assessed by an EC sensor in aortic endothelial cells of placebotreated animals with chf was significantly reduced by ra and rafutreatment treatment with ra and rafu also attenuated the dramatic increase in endothelial peroxynitrite concentration CL method which was observed in placebotreated rats with chf fu did not counteract improved haemo and cardiodynamic parameters by ra thus ra and fu act synergistically to enhance BA of endotheliumderived no and this may contribute to the clinical usefulness of the combination of these drugs in treatment of HR failure | MEDAL |
we reported previously that passive immunization against inhibin enhances follicular growth and increases the or however the or was not comparable to the number of follicles therefore the aim of this study was to attempt to increase the or by increasing the interval between inhibin immunization and pgfalpha injection five miniature shiba goats were treated with ml inhibin AS inhibinas developed against tyroinhibin alpha a control group n was treated with normal goat SS all animals were injected intramuscularly with microg pgfalpha h T3 treatment to induce estrus and ovulation blood samples were collected for hormonal assay and the ovulation rate was determined by LAP in contrast to the control group there inactive for dna damage in v cells indicated by the SCG PACE scge assay gasoline pm was positive while diesel pm was active at the higher doses gasoline svoc was AS with toxicity preventing measurement at high doses while diesel svoc was inactive at all but the highest dose | MEDAL |
we evaluated possible associations among thrombospondin p expression microvessel density cell proliferation index nuclear grade tumor stage and continuously coded tumor size in CC renal cell carcinoma the value of thrombospondin as a prognostic marker in clear cell renal cell carcinoma was examined | MEDAL |
notill and increased cropping intensity ci can increase yield and soil organic c soc in the us great plains compared with traditional wheat lfallow management however gains in soc and other c pools may not be permanent increasing frequency of drought may reduce c inputs and potentially reverse gains accrued during wetter periods this study examined the effect of drought on the persistence of soc with two objectives i to determine soil c pools cm T3 yr in notill as influenced by potential evapotranspiration pet landscape position Mw and ci and ii to compare the size of the c pools T3 the first yr wet versus the subsequent yr notable for frequent droughts rotations were wheatcorn lfallow wcf continuous cropping cc and a grass conservation reserve program mixture planted across slopes at three CS in colorado with similar precipitation but increasing pet T3 yr watersoluble organic c increased with ci from wcf to cc to grass with and kg c ha respectively soil microbial biomass c also increased with ci and kg c ha for wcf cc and grass respectively the particulate organic matter c pool had a threeway interaction with pet Mw and ci overall between years and soc increased in grass by with a rate of kg c ha yr sequestration compared with and for the wcf and cc systems respectively | MEDAL |
the purpose of this T0 was to measure for clinical and surgical utility the distance between the posterior hyaloid and the ILM using a spectral domain opticalcoherence tomography sdoct device eight eyes of eight patients with subclinical partial PVD ppvd with vitreomacular traction syndrome were examined with sdoct to quantify the vitreoretinal distance the basic applications of sdoct spectralis hraoct heidelberg engineering were modified we conducted a topographic T0 of the entire posterior pole by defining new maps each generated from raster scans we obtained maps that represent the space between the residual vitreous and retina expressed numerically and on a colour spectrum and overlapped them on a posterior pole photograph we also created a single map of the entire posterior pole the mean ppvd volume in the eight eyes was ± mm this study produced detailed maps of the vitreoretinal distance which may facilitate the study of the clinical progression of ppvd in case of surgery the maps may help to accurately determine where surgical manipulation is needed safely apart from the retina these maps could also assist in the xification of rapeseed meal despite its high reductive potential hemolytic activity of the extract from this solvent mixture clearly indicated the toxicity of the abovementioned compounds on rat erythrocytes because of the presence of a high amount of antinutritive antioxidants the study was further D2 to examine the influence of this solvent extract on the stability of waste cooking oilderived biodiesel treatment with the extract harbored significant improvement p in the induction periods and pronounced reduction in microbial load of stored biodiesel investigated herein thus a suitable solvent system was devised for removing the L1 antinutrients from rapeseed presscake and the solvent extract can thereafter be used as an effective exogenous antioxidant for biodiesel in other words integrated valorization of two different industrial wastes was successfully achieved | MEDAL |
human apolactoferrin in both native and deglycosylated forms has been purified and crystals obtained by dialysis against low ionic strength buffer solutions the crystals of native apolactoferrin are orthorhombic space group p with cell dimensions a a b a c a and have two protein molecules per asymmetric unit two crystal forms of deglycosylated apolactoferrin have been obtained one is orthorhombic space group p with cell dimensions a a b a c a the second is tetragonal space GI with cell dimensions a b a c a both of the latter have only one molecule per asymmetric unit and are suitable for highresolution xray structure analysis | MEDAL |
a case showing the regression of coronary atherosclerosis by the treatment with ldlapheresis was reported the patient was a year old female with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia she had noticed the xanthelasma or left cubital xanthoma at the age of years old she was informed about her high serum cholesterol level greater than mgdl and the abnormal thickness of her BL achilles tendon at the age of years as her SS cholesterol level did not decrease sufficiently with several lipidlowering drugs she was referred to our hospital in order to obtain treatment for it by ldlapheresis at the age of years ldlapheresis was performed once every two weeks with drugs such as probucol cholestyramine and PV her coronary angiogram after two and half years of ldlapheresis showed a decrease of the coronary narrowing in segment and segment from to in segment and from to in segment respectively the thickness of her bilateral achilles tendons had also decreased from mm in the RA and mm in the left to mm in both after receiving ldlapheresis for two and half years it is suggested from the result of this case that the regression of coronary atherosclerosis could be expected T3 treatment with ldlapheresis in hypercholesterolemic patients | MEDAL |
the aim of the present T0 was to determine the relationship between plasma C2 of adipocytokine adiponectin and the degree of insulin sensitivity in patients with anorexia nervosa an an is a psychiatric disorder characterized mainly by severe malnutrition and loss of body fat we measured fasting plasma adiponectin insulin and gl levels in ten women with a restrictive type of an and in twelve healthy normalweight women plasma adiponectin levels were significantly increased in patients with an compared to healthy women p and were negatively related to body mass index and PBF in both groups plasma adiponectin C2 were negatively related to PI levels in the an group only using homeostasis MM assessment of insulin resistance homair we found significantly increased insulin sensitivity in patients with an compared to control women p in conclusion hyperadiponectinemia in patients with an might contribute to increased insulin sensitivity in these patients | MEDAL |
it is well known that patients with coronary HR disease and IVT show a high incidence of arrhythmogenic complications and sudden cardiac death the best predictor of spontaneous IVT and sudden death in these patients is programmed ventricular stimulation but this invasive method is limited to specialized institutions the purpose of our study was to assess the predictive value of HM late potentials and heart rate R2 as markers for these highrisk patients we investigated patients m f age range years with PD disease documented angiographically patients with single VD vd nine patients with vd five patients with vd and previous myocardial infarction each patient underwent h ambulatory monitoring with analysis of rhythm of heart rate variability h spectral and nonspectral analysis and a signalaveraged ecg with late potential measurement in all patients sustained VVI tachycardia was inducible during programmed VVI stimulation LPs were recorded in out of the patients VAs of lown classes iva ivb or v were recorded in patients analysis of HRV compared to age and sexmatched HCs revealed a loss of parasympathic activity and increased sympathic activity in of the patients | MEDAL |
phorbol esters and related compounds provide a promising source of potential anticancer agents the mechanism of their toxicity however is unclear and interpretation has been complicated by the conflicting responses exhibited by different transformed cell lines previously we showed that in primary thyroid follicular cells expression of mutant pras conferred a striking sensitivity to the toxic effects of phorbol esters we have now extended this work using a thyroid cell line with an inducible mutant ras gene to exclude the possibility that this result was a trivial consequence of the marked growth stimulation induced in these cells by mutant pras furthermore by assessing the action of a panel of phorbol esters and a potential chemotherapeutic agent bryostatin we demonstrated that this phenomenon was only a CF of biologically AS phorbol esters these results provide a molecular rationale for the development of PDBu analogues as chemotherapeutic agents | MEDAL |
the effects of extracellular atp on contraction membrane Vc vm ion currents and intracellular calcium activity cai were studied in rat mesangial cells mc in primary culture addition of extracellular atp and m to mc led to a cell contraction which was independent of extracellular calcium membrane voltage vm and ion currents were measured with the nystatin patch clamp technique atp induced a concentrationdependent transient depolarization of vm ed x m during the transient depolarization ion currents were monitored simultaneously and showed an increase of the inward and outward current in a buffer with a reduced extracellular chloride concentration from to mm atp induced a depolarization augmented to mv atpgammas and methylthioatp depolarized vm to the same extent as atp whereas alphabetamethyleneatp all m had no effect on vm the ca ionophore a depolarized vm transiently from to mv and caused an increase of the inward current the [Ca2+]i cai was measured with the fura technique atp stimulated a concentrationdependent increase of cai ed x m the increase of cai was biphasic with an initial peak followed by a sustained plateau the cai peak was still present in an extracellular cafree buffer whereas the plateau was abolished verapamil m did not inhibit the cai increase induced by atp the data indicate that extracellular atp contracts mc and is able to increase cai by the release of ca from intracellular stores and recruitment from the extracellular e small differences in the response of PG levels to the intraperitoneal glucose load but the area under the curve was not different the baseline insulin resistance present in SH rats possibly blunts the metabolic response to dietary fructose T3 weeks the diets were switched in crossover design and measurements were continued until weeks the fructose diet did not elevate systolic blood pressure in this followup experimentabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
microbial desulfurization of coal by pyrite oxidizing bacterial enrichment cultures has been studied in airagitated slurry reactors of and l volumes batch experiments showed that inoculation with an AS bacterial culture is essential to minimize the lag phase although a considerable number of pyrite oxidizing bacteria was found on the coal prior to desulfurization for detailed investigations of kinetics energy requirements and technical applicability a bioreactor equipment consisting of a cascade of eight stages was developed and operated continuously microbial desulfurization of coalmonitored by measuring the axial profile of dissolved iron concentration real and maximum oxygen consumption rates and cell concentrationat pulp densities to was performed over a period of days without any disturbances concerning the aeration system fluidization transport of solids and microbial growth at a pulp density of a pyrite conversion of was achieved after the third reactor stage at a total residence time of five days in the first three stages the kinetics of pyrite degradation were found to be well described by a rate equation of first order in pyrite surface area concentration if the pyrite is directly accessible for microbial attack rate constants were determined to mg pyritecm day in the first and to mg pyritecm day in the following reactor stages kinetic models taking into account adsorptiondesorption as well as growth kinetics failed to describe the observed reaction rates however a model treating pyrite degradation and microbial growth kinetics formalistically seems to be applicable when backmixing between the reactor stages can be avoided the advantage of a multistage reactor in comparison to singlestage equipment was shown by calculation to obtain a pyrite conversion of a threestage reactor would require only of the volume of singlestage equipmentmeasurement of oxygen consumption rates proved to provide quickly and easily measurable parameters to observe microbial coal desulfurization in technical scale the real oxygen consumption rate is correlated to the pyrite oxidation rate and the maximum oxygen consumption rate is correlated to the concentration of viable cells the yos coefficient for the amount of oxygen consumed per mass unit of pyrite oxygen was determined to approximately in comparison to which can be calculated from stoichiornetry this could yet not be explained chemical leaching experiments as well as sulfur analyses of desulfurized coal samples showed that the microorganisms play the main role in Kd of pyrite from coal and that pyrite oxidation by ferric iron can be neglected | MEDAL |
colorimetric ELISA procedures using monoclonal antibodies to detect bromodeoxyuridinedna in hybridization experiments are not CS enough we have developed a CL immunodot CA to improve the sensitivity of the immunoenzymatic procedure and attained a suitable PCD level for singlestranded dna this new chemiluminescent immunodot CA has also been used to detect our recently synthesized cytidine analogue by means of its corresponding monoclonal antibody | MEDAL |
maternal exposure to environmental agents throughout pregnancy may change certain metabolic processes during the offsprings mammary gland development and alter the epigenome this may predispose the offspring to breast cancer later in life the purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of maternal PR on the regulation of cyclindependent kinase inhibitor p mRNA in the mammary gland of rat F1 timedmated SDRs were fed one of the two isoenergetic diets control c casein or low protein lp casein during gestation compared with the c group lp F1 showed a decrease of p in the MG at both the mrna and protein levels chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that the downregulation of p transcription in lp offspring was associated with reduced acetylation of histone h and dimethylation of hk within the p promoter region but was not associated with acetylation of histone h or histone methylation dna methylation analysis using bisulphite sequencing did not detect differences in methylation at the p promoter between the F1 of the c and lp CG we conclude that maternal PR inhibits p mRNA in the mammary gland of offspring through histone modifications at the promoter region of the p gene | MEDAL |
nitric oxide has several effects that may be beneficial in ischaemic stroke and useful in the management of hypertension in acute stroke some forms of nitric oxide synthase inhibition may also be beneficial however high concentrations of nitric oxide are likely to be toxic to BB tissue | MEDAL |
accurate and reproducible patient positioning is fundamental to the success of fractionated radiotherapy poor patient positioning could result in geographic misses we have recently reported on an improved method of customized FM production using laser surface scanning in this report we sought to identify and develop a method to routinely make customized neck supports for patients prescribed radiotherapy to the BB or head and neck regions we identified a potentially suitable productsealed packs containing two liquids that produce expanding polyurethane foam when mixedand developed a method for their use the neck supports are inexpensive and simple to produce taking less than min of radiation therapist labour we assessed the customized neck supports in several ways the effect on setup accuracy was assessed by comparing two consecutive cohorts of patients statistically significant differences favouring the customized neck supports included a reduced total MSD error mean vs mm and a reduced leftright setup error mean vs mm this is consistent with the greater support provided by the customized neck supports this method could easily be undertaken by other departments | MEDAL |
to measure the electromyographic emg responses of the phasic discharge in the cricothyroid ct a tensor muscle of the vocal folds and the PCA pca sole abductor muscle of the vocal folds following intravenous infusion of propofol mgkgmin thiamylal mgkgmin or ketamine mgkgmin for five T2 | MEDAL |
behavioral pharmacological properties of MIA bhexahydromethyldibenzolcfpyrazino aazepine monohydrochloride were investigated in comparison with imipramine imp and amitriptyline atp MIA antagonized reserpineinduced HT but to a much lesser extent than imp or atp and did not block the ptosis evoked by reserpine or tetrabenazine amphetamineinduced stereotyped SMB was significantly enhanced by both imp and atp but not by mianserin unlike imp or atp haloperidolinduced catalepsy in the rat was not blocked by mianserin like imp or atp MIA did not suppress the convulsions induced by bemegride or str in the mouse and or emetic action of apomorphine in the dog while only mianserin did not block the convulsions evoked by electric shocks mianserin more strongly potentiated the anesthetic action of thiopental than did imp atp showed strong muscle relaxant action and the impairment of coordinated motor MICs both in mice and rats in the inclinated screen test and rotarod test while like imp these actions of mianserin were significant only in the rat catalepsy was not induced nor was the righting reflex suppressed by mianserin in the low spinal cat MIA did not depress the amplitude of extensor msr moreover the msr inhibition induced by conditioning stimulation of ipsilateral cutaneous afferents and the msr potentiation evoked by conditioning stimulation of CL saphenous nerve were unaffected by MIA the curious behavior of mice and rats was significantly and dosedependently suppressed by mianserin and tended to be suppressed by atp while an enhancement was seen with imp in C1 doses MIA was the most potent in suppressing the fighting behavior induced by longterm isolation of the mouse and was the weakest in suppressing electricstimulationinduced fighting behavior compared with imp and atp MIA showed no significant suppression of the muricide behavior of the OB rat while imp significantly suppressed it no significant differences were observed among MIA imp and atp as to their actions on the conflict SMB and the shuttlebox type CS avoidance behavior of the rat these results indicate that behavioral pharmacological actions of MIA were not always the same as those of imp and atp therefore mianserin may be a new antidepressant with mechanisms of action which differ from that of the usual tricyclic antidepressants | MEDAL |
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ipf is a progressive and typically fatal lung disease to gain insight into ipf pathogenesis we performed mRNA profiling of ipf lungs twist a basic helixloophelix protein was found among the most consistently and highly upregulated genes and was expressed in nuclei of type ii epithelial cells macrophages and fibroblasts in ipf lungs we studied the function of twist in fibroblasts further because they are the major effector cells in this disease and persist despite an ambient proapoptotic environment twist was induced by the profibrotic growth factors gfs basic FB growth factor plateletderived growth factor and epidermal growth factor in primary rat lung fibroblasts rlfs suppression of twist expression resulted in decreased rlf accumulation due to increased apoptosis whereas twist overexpression protected rlfs against several apoptotic stimuli addition of plateletderived growth factor in combination with other gfs led to an increase in proliferation when twist was depleted gfs continued to act as mitogens but caused a marked increase in cell death the increase in apoptosis under basal or growth factorstimulated conditions was partly mediated by upregulation of the proapoptotic bcl family members bim and puma these findings indicate that twist promotes survival and accumulation of fibroblasts by shaping their responsiveness to growth factor stimulation we propose that twist represents one of the AF that promotes pathogenic accumulation of fibroblasts in fibrotic lung disease | MEDAL |
ERP bone CR requires the coordination of bone matrix deposition by osteoblastic cells which may occur via soluble mediators or via direct intercellular communication we have previously identified two mechanisms by which rat OB cell lines coordinate calcium signaling among cells autocrine activation of p purinergic receptors leading to release of intracellular calcium stores and gap junctionmediated communication resulting in influx of extracellular calcium in the current work we asked whether human osteoblastic cells hob were capable of mechanically induced intercellular calcium signaling and if so by which mechanisms upon mechanical stimulation human OBs propagated fast intercellular calcium waves which required activation of p receptors and release of intracellular calcium stores but did not require calcium influx or gap junctional communication T3 the fast intercellular calcium waves were blocked we observed slower calcium waves that were dependent on gap junctional communication and influx of extracellular calcium these results show that human osteoblastic cells can propagate calcium signals from cell to cell by two markedly different mechanisms and suggest that these two pathways may serve different purposes in coordinating osteoblast functions | MEDAL |
to date very few studies have reported the use of perforator flaps in P0 infants with an immature vascular system therefore it is not clear whether perforator flaps can be used in newborns as in adults in this study we applied the perforator flap procedure to a P0 infant who had a large skin defect due to lumbosacral meningocele we used the rho perforator flap which was a combination of using a rho flap reported by ohtsuka et al and preserving paraspinal perforator vessels according to thomas although perforator vessels were so thin as to necessitate careful dissection and flap design a good result was obtained by this procedure we consider that the rhomboid perforator flap is a simple and reliable procedure for the treatment of lumbosacral meningocele | MEDAL |
a bp sequence of the s rdna of an undescribed species of pasteuria that parasitizes the SCN heterodera glycines was determined and then compared with a homologous CS of pasteuria ramosa a parasite of cladoceran water fleas of the family daphnidae the two pasteuria sequences which diverged from each other by a dissimilarity index of also were compared with the s rdna sequences of other bacterial species to determine the phylogenetic position of the genus pasteuria among the GP eubacteria phylogenetic analyses using maximumlikelihood maximumparsimony and neighbourjoining methods showed that the heterodera glycinesinfecting pasteuria and its sister species p ramosa form a distinct L1 of descent within the alicyclobacillus group of the bacillaceae these results are consistent with the view that the genus pasteuria is a deeply rooted member of the clostridiumbacillusstreptococcus CB of the grampositive eubacteria neither related to the actinomycetes nor closely related to true endosporeforming bacteria | MEDAL |
free autologous transplants of previously DNX whole muscles in AD cats were studied with histochemical and EMG methods the transplants were placed in contact with normal intercostal muscles in IC spaces and removed at intervals from days to weeks T3 transplantation normal muscles as well as transplanted muscles without previous denervation and muscles DNX and left in situ were also studied the fibres of the previously DNX grafts survived the first avascular period but a dedifferentiation of enzymatic characteristics of the red and WG fibres occurred and endured during the first weeks T3 grafting the first signs of reinnervation could be identified with electromyography after weeks and with histochemical techniques after reinnervation of most of the fibres of the transplants was completed about weeks after grafting no fibrillations were then found electromyographically and in the histochemical S9 most fibres had attained nearnormal staining characteristics type grouping was apparent but less pronounced than reported after reinnervation through the motor nerve there was conclusive evidence that previously DNX muscles survived transplantation and became structurally and enzymatically mature whereas muscles Tx without previous denervation undergo extensive fibrotic changes | MEDAL |
ghrelin and ghrelin mimetics stimulate appetite and enhance gastric motility the present T0 investigates whether ipamorelin a selective growth hormone secretagogue and agonist of the ghrelin receptor would accelerate gastrointestinal transit and ameliorate the symptoms in a rodent MM of postoperative ileus poi fasted male rats were subjected to laparotomy and intestinal manipulation at the end of surgery a dye marker was infused in the PT colon to evaluate postsurgical colonic transit time which was the time to the first bowel movement in addition fecal pellet SO FI and body weight were monitored regularly for h ipamorelin mgkg growth hormonereleasing peptide ghrp microgkg or VH saline were administered via intravenous bolus infusion T3 a single dosing or a day repetitive dosing regimen four doses a day at h intervals compared with the VH a single dose of ipamorelin mgkg or ghrp microgkg decreased the time to the first bowel movement but had no effect on cumulative fecal output food NI or body weight gain measured h after the surgery in contrast repetitive dosing of ipamorelin or mgkg significantly increased the cumulative fecal pellet SO food intake and body weight gain the results suggest that postsurgical intravenous infusions of ipamorelin may ameliorate the symptoms in patients with poi | MEDAL |
the cellular expression of angiopoietin ang was studied during lymphatic OD in mouse by immunohistochemistry and compared to that of lymphatic EC markers at the earliest stage of lymphvasculogenesis proxidentified lymphatic precursor cells of the cardinal vein displayed an intense immunoreaction for ang in their cytoplasm implying that ang may adjust lymphatic specification and sprouting from the veins under the control of prox thereafter ang was constantly expressed in prox andor lyveimmunopositive endothelial cells of lymphatic sacs and vessels ranging from lymphatic capillaries to collectors throughout embryonic and neonatal development and the LECs simultaneously exhibited immunoreactivity to tie a primary receptor for angiopoietins these results suggest that LECs may regulate lymphatic OD via their own angtie signaling ang is further immunolocalized in the developing blood vessels including hepatic sinusoids adrenal medullary vasculature and PN pulmonary vessels thereby indicating that the blood vessels which undergo V1 remodeling and sudden alteration of blood flow during the development are also likely to express ang the present T0 is first to demonstrate ang expression in the lymphatic endothelial cells during OD and consequently ang is regarded as a molecular profile of the developing lymphatic EC cells required for lymphatic vascular organization | MEDAL |
allergoid immunotherapy is a new form of allergen immunotherapy allowing safe administration of high allergen doses there is limited information on the effects of allergoid immunotherapy in children with allergic rhinitis to investigate the immunological and clinical effects of allergoid immunotherapy in children with allergic rhinitis due to grass pollen allergy children with allergic rhinitis were assigned to allergoid immunotherapy n or control n no immunotherapy groups children in the immunotherapy group received seven i.v. of grass pollen allergoid immunotherapy before grass pollen season and continued to receive maintenance immunotherapy for months all patients were offered a pharmacotherapy regimen to be used on demand during the pollen seasons clinical and laboratory parameters were compared between the immunotherapy and control groups the rhinoconjunctivitis symptommedication score and asthma symptom score were lower in the immunotherapy group T3 yr of maintenance immunotherapy p for both skin test CR and nasal reactivity as determined by NPT for grass pollen were significantly decreased T3 yr of immunotherapy p for both the seasonal increase in bronchial reactivity and nasal lavage eosinophil cationic protein C2 were prevented after the first year of immunotherapy p for both the seasonal increase in immunoglobulin ige decreased p and grassspecific igg igg and igg increased significantly already at the end of the seveninjection buildup therapy p for all interleukin il C2 in the culture S9 showed a steady decline from baseline at first and second year of immunotherapy p but remained unchanged in the control group allergoid immunotherapy is an ERP method in the treatment of grass polleninduced allergic rhinitis in children and prevents the seasonal increase in bronchial hyperreactivity changes in specific ige and igg C2 and decreased il production in IP blood mononuclear cell SNs may account for the observed clinical effects | MEDAL |
the alphafetoprotein afp and h genes are transcribed at high C2 in the mammalian fetal CL but are rapidly repressed postnatally this repression in the liver is controlled at least in part by the afr gene afr was defined years ago when balbcj mice were found to have to fold higher AD serum afp C2 compared with all other mouse strains subsequent studies showed that this elevation was due to higher afp expression in the CL h which has become a model for genomic imprinting was identified initially in a screen for afrregulated genes the balbcj allele afrb is recessive to the wildtype S2 afra consistent with the idea that afr functions as a repressor by highresolution mapping we identified a gene that maps to the afr interval on chromosome and encodes a putative zinc fingers and homeoboxes zhx protein in balbcj mice this gene contains a mu endogenous retrovirus within its first intron and produces predominantly an aberrant transcript that no longer encodes a PET protein liverspecific overexpression of a zhx transgene restores wildtype h repression on a balbcj background confirming that this gene is responsible for hereditary persistence of afp and h in the livers of balbcj mice thus we have identified a genetically defined transcription factor that is involved in developmental gene silencing in mammals we present a model to explain the liverspecific phenotype in balbcj mice even though afr is a ubiquitously expressed gene | MEDAL |
the AD tcells lymphomaleukemia is a serious complication by the htlv infection it is a rarely described diseases in africa in spite of the frequency of the infection by this virus we report two clinical observations of lymphomatous forms the first observation concerned a year old senegalese woman admitted for a deep alteration of her general status and IP polyadenopathies the adenopathy biopsy set up the diagnosis of pleiomorph t lymphoma with great and medium cells the htlv serology was positive she had benefited of six polychemotherapy cures cyclophosphamide farmarubicine oncovin prednisone within which she died in a cachectic presentation the second observation concerned a year old senegalese man admitted for peripheral polyadenopathies ulcerated lesions of sole of the foot and deep alteration of the GA status he presented a moderate hypercalcemia by mgl the histological examination of a ganglionar biopsy concluded to a diffuse t lymphoma with great cells the htlv serology was positive the cutaneous lesions were due to a phaeohyphomycosis of exophiala jeanselmei the symptomatic therapeutic measures had been applied and he died within four weeks in a septicemic clinical manifestation the AD tcells lymphoma one due to the htlv ought to be researched before any lymphomatous and leucemic manifestation by tcells through a serological research the prognostic stays very bad | MEDAL |
the histidinecontaining protein hpr plays an important role in the PTS system pts the deformations induced on the protein structure at high hydrostatic pressure values and mpa were previously h kalbitzer a görler h li p dubovskii a hengstenberg c kowolik h yamada and k akasaka protein science vol pp analyzed by nmr experiments the nonlinear variations of the NH chemical shifts at OHP values were supposed to arise from induced shifts in the protein conformational equilibrium molecular dynamics md simulations are here performed to analyze the protein internal mobility at mpa and to relate the nonlinear variations of delta observed at OHP to variations in conformational equilibrium the global features of the protein structure are only slightly modified along the pressure nevertheless the values of the voronoi residues volumes show that the residues of alphahelices are more compressed that those belonging to the betasheet the alphahelices are also displaying the largest internal mobility and deformation in the simulations the nonlinearity of the h chemical shifts computed from the md simulation snapshots is in qualitative PA with the nonlinearity of the experimentally observed chemical shifts | MEDAL |
in we observed an unusual mortality event among apes in RNA republic of congo that although not diagnostically confirmed we believe to have been a disease outbreak in we conducted ape nest surveys in the region recording g g gorilla nests groups and p t troglodytes nests CG we developed a statistical model to determine likely points of origin of the outbreak to help identify variables associated with disease emergence and spread we modeled disease spread across the study area using suitable habitat conditions for apes as proxy for local ape densities infectious status outputs from that spread model were then used alongside vegetation temperature precipitation and human impact factors as explanatory variables in a generalized linear model framework to explain observed ape nest trends in the region the best models predicted emergence in the western region of odzalakokoua national park and north of the last confirmed ebola virus disease epizootics roads were consistently associated with attenuation of modeled virus spread as disease is amongst the leading threats to great apes gaining a better understanding of disease transmission dynamics in these species is imperative identifying ecological drivers underpinning a disease emergence event and transmission dynamics in apes is critical to creating better predictive models to guide wildlife management develop potential protective measures for wildlife and to reduce potential zoonotic transmission to humans the results of our MM represent an important step in understanding variables related to great ape disease ecology in central africa | MEDAL |
alliance is defined as the clienttherapist bond and their ability to collaborate on therapeutic activities treatment for adolescents with adhd is rarely studied in terms of alliance in this T0 two cognitivebehavioral treatments cbt one structured treatment aimed at planning skills and one lessstructured solutionfocused treatment both delivered in the style of motivational interviewing were compared with regard to alliance and allianceoutcome association the influence of therapist competence on this allianceoutcome association was also evaluated the alliance between adolescents diagnosed with adhd and their therapists was measured early in treatment using the therapy process observational coding system for child psychotherapyalliance scale observerrated therapist competence was measured using the MI treatment integrity scale version outcome variables were the adolescents reduction in planning problems and adhd PS the alliance and more specifically collaboration on therapeutic activities was significantly higher for the more structured cbt p moderate effect size alliance was not related to outcome in the more structured cbt while the alliance was positively related to the reduction in planning problems in the less structured cbt finally alliance was a significant mediator between therapist competence and treatment outcome for the lessstructured cbt the clarity and structure of cbt may help facilitate alliance formation for adolescents with adhd who often have difficulty implementing structure themselves therapists may need to invest more in alliance formation in less structured cbt as the alliance affects outcome moreover enhancing therapist competence in less structured cbt may help improve outcomes in less structured cbt as therapist competence may impact outcome through alliance | MEDAL |
n EC50 data for cabound rat betaparvalbumin aka oncomodulin were analyzed using the lipariszabo formalism and compared with existing data for rat alphaparvalbumin although the average s values for the two proteins are very similar for alpha for beta residuebyresidue inspection reveals systematic differences alpha tends to have the lower s value in helical regions beta tends to have the lower value in the loop regions rat beta was also examined in the cafree state the assigned residues displayed an average order parameter significantly greater than the corresponding residues in the caloaded form the pentacarboxylate variants of rat betasd and gdalso were examined in the cabound state although both mutations significantly heighten ca affinity they utilize distinct energetic strategies sd improves the cabinding enthalpy gd improves the IB entropy they also show disparate peptide backbone dynamics whereas beta gd displays an average order parameter slightly greater than that of the wildtype protein beta sd displays an average order parameter slightly lower than wildtype beta furthermore whereas just two backbone nh bonds in beta gd show internal motion on the psec timescale fully of the residues analyzed in beta sd show this behavior these findings suggest that the increased electrostatic repulsion attendant to introduction of an additional carboxylate into the cd site ligand array impedes backbone vibrational motion throughout the molecule | MEDAL |
electron microscopy of the adrenal medulla and cortex during the intermediate period of endotoxin shock has revealed severe destructive changes in parenchymal cells these changes are the reason for synthetic secretory and trophic disturbances of glandular functions ultrastructural lesions indicate that stress SE exceeds the adaptive capacity of cells the majority of which are exhausted and killed | MEDAL |
macrophages produced proinflammatory cytokines and inflammatory responses can cause many symptoms of depression including direct stimulation of the hpa axis and secretion of cortisol in depressed patients hypercortisolism has been well described as one of the L1 PS and also as the cause for hippocampal atrophy and memory impairment in this paper the relationships between thymectomy increased il C2 and changes in corticosterone and neurotransmitter concentrations in rats are discussed as well as their implications for SM impairments and depression in Tx rats deficits in both spatial and fear conditioned SM have been observed thymectomy decreases noradrenaline and dopamine levels and increases serotonergic neurotransmission in limbic Az without affecting corticosterone concentrations in a depression model thymopeptides or il treatment significantly att changes in SMB LP and neurotransmitters caused by bulbectomy the reduction of thymic functions may increase il synthesis CE ilbeta administration impairs rats spatial memory in the MWM and arms radial maze but enhances conditioned memory in the passive avoidance these changes can be reversed by either il receptor antagonist or a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist ru furthermore ilinduced changes in some neurotransmitter systems are similar to those observed in Tx rats however both acute and subchronic il administration increases CS concentrations together these findings suggest that changes in the function of the thymus gland may play an important role in the unbalance between macrophages cytokines and lymphocytes which induces neurotransmitter and neuroendocrine changes and memory disturbances in depressive illness | MEDAL |
using the mouse passive transfer MM the effects of purified human myasthenic immunoglobulin g and of the monovalent fab fragment on NM junctions were investigated treatment with igg markedly reduced amplitudes of miniature endplate potentials when fab fragments were transferred alone or with subsequent addition of igg no NMT block was induced myasthentic igg and fab were specifically demonstrated at the NM junctions by immunohistochemistry on electronmicroscopy endplate structure was normal in transfer experiments using igg for up to days it is suggested that fab fragments bind to acetylcholine receptors without affecting transmission and protect them from the attack of complete igg antibodies | MEDAL |
we demonstrate that homopolypeptides covalently tethered to anisotropically shaped silica particles induce crystalline ordering of representative semiconducting polymers films dropcast from chloroform dispersions of polyγstearyllglutamate pslg composite particles and polyhexythiophene pht led to highly ordered crystalline structures of pht hydrophobichydrophobic interactions between the alkyl side chains of pht and pslg were the main driving force for pht chain ordering into the crystalline assemblies it was found that the orientation of rigid pht fibrils on the substrate adopted the directionality of the evaporating front regardless of the pslgcoated particle dimensions used the dropcast films displayed patterns that were shaped by the coffee ring and marangoni effects pslgcoated particles of high axial ratio were more efficient in enhancing the electronic performance of pht than low axial ratio homologues devices fabricated from the ordered assemblies displayed improved chargecarrier transport performance when compared to devices fabricated from pht CT these results suggest that pslg can favorably mediate the organization of semiconducting polymers | MEDAL |
synchronous cultures of escherichia coli thu and wps which were selected by velocity sedimentation from exponentialphase cultures growing in an acetateminimal salts medium were shifted to richer media at various times during the cell cycle by the addition of gl or nutrient broth cell numbers and mean cell volumes were measured electronically the duration of the division cycle of the shifted generation was not altered significantly by the addition of either nutrient growth rates measured as rates of cell volume increase were constant throughout the cycle in unshifted acetate control cultures when gl was added growth rates also remained unchanged during the remainder of the cell cycle and then increased abruptly at or T3 cell division when nutrient broth was added growth rates remained unchanged from periods of to generations and then increased abruptly to their final values in all cases the cell volume increase was linear both before and after the growth rate transition the strongest support for a linear cell volume increase during the Tc of e coli in slowly growing acetate cultures however was obtained in unshifted cultures in complete PA with earlier observations of cell volumes at much more rapid growth rates although cell growth and division are under the control of the synthesizing machinery in the cell responsible for rna and protein synthesis the results indicate that growth is also regulated by membraneassociated transport systems | MEDAL |
OB is essential for SE homeostasis and regulation of FI patients with congenital generalized lipodystrophy cgl due to mutations in acylglycerolphosphateoacyltransferase agpat and the cgl mu model agpat mice both have severe insulin resistance diabetes mellitus hepatic steatosis and low plasma OB C2 in this study we show that continuous OB treatment of agpat mice for days reduced plasma insulin and gl levels and normalized hepatic steatosis and HTG OB also partially but significantly reversed the low plasma thyroxine and high corticosterone levels found in agpat mice C2 of carbohydrate response PE binding protein chrebp were reduced whereas lipogenic gene expression were increased in the livers of agpat mice suggesting that deregulated chrebp contributed to the development of fatty livers in these mice and that this transcription factor is a target of leptins beneficial metabolic action leptin administration did not NC hepatic fatty acid oxidation enzymes mrna levels in agpat mice the selective deletion of leptin receptors only in hepatocytes did not prevent the positive metabolic actions of OB in agpat mice supporting the notion that the majority of metabolic actions of leptin are dependent on its action in nonhepatocyte cells andor the central NS | MEDAL |
the results of four independent CR dragswab samplings of a farm broilerproduction complex are described samplings of vacant poultry farms ie between flocks and occupied farms ie containing chickens were completed in four day intervals beginning in july and ending in may during the first two sampling periods two dragswab assemblies were dragged through each individual house and pooled into one sample to evaluate overall incidence of salmonella PCD among vacant and occupied houses during the second two sampling periods four dragswab assemblies were dragged through houses to evaluate frequency of salmonella detection on individual assemblies within each house over the four sampling periods mean isolation frequencies were for vacant poultry farms and for occupied poultry farms when four assemblies were dragged in vacant houses and cultured separately the probability of detecting salmonellae contamination increased with increasing numbers of assemblies indicating that multiple dragswab assemblies should be used for sampling either vacant or occupied broiler houses for the presence of salmonella on vacant farms of the total isolations occurred in only one house of twohouse farms the remaining of farms were positive in both houses salmonella isolation from occupied farms occurred in of the samplings in only one house whereas of occupied farms were positive in both houses these data show a higher frequency of salmonella isolation on multiple swabs in occupied poultry houses possibly indicating a quantitatively greater presment form measured the persons social and environmental situation health history and functional health status and another instrument measured the persons sense of coherence few significant differences in functional health status were noted between persons who could return to their homes n and persons who were referred to institutions T3 discharge n however the persons being referred to institutions showed less favourable scores within the areas of mood sense of coherence and worries about their home accommodation situation when another subgroup was included patients who died between the interview occasions n significant differences were also noted in the health functions PLB digestion elimination and body movement sense of coherence had a significant prognostic value for the continued care T3 discharge irrespective of whether the deceased patients were included or not | MEDAL |
to determine the seroprevalence and incidence of toxoplasmosis random SS samples of school students aged to yr n their teachers n and food handlers n from a residential tribal school situated in district dhule maharashtra state of western india were tested the samples were tested for antitoxoplasma igg and igm antibodies using enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay elisa active infection was confirmed by a stagespecific direct agglutination test dat using acetone fixed tachyzoites of t gondii a serosurveillance for rubella immunity was also simultaneously carried out the results showed that at the age of yr all the children were immune to rubella infection and toxoplasma seroprevalence was detected in per cent of the children toxoplasma infection was prevalent in per cent adolescents at the age of yr the average seroprevalence rate of toxoplasma infection was not significantly different in male and female children the incidence rate of toxoplasma infection was inversely related to increase in age the school staff comprising teachers and food handlers aged to yr showed a toxoplasma seroprevalence rate of per cent p there was also a significant difference p in the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in children with grade ii goitre and grade i or no goitre and respectively the possible association between ID and toxoplasma infection is being reported for the first time in this preliminary T0 | MEDAL |
fish embryos are widely used as an alternative MM to T0 toxicity in vertebrates due to their complexity embryos are believed to more resemble an adult organism than in vitro cellular models however concerns have been raised with respect to the embryos metabolic capacity we recently identified allyl alcohol an industrial chemical to be several orders of magnitude less toxic to zebrafish embryo than to AD zebrafish embryo lc mgl vs fish lc mgl reports on mammals have indicated that allyl alcohol requires activation by alcohol dehydrogenases adh to form the highly reactive and toxic metabolite ACR which shows similar toxicity in zebrafish embryos and adults to identify if a limited metabolic capacity of embryos indeed can explain the low AA sensitivity of zebrafish embryos we compared the mrna expression levels of adh isoenzymes adh adha adhb and adhfe during embryo development to that in adult fish the greatest difference between embryo and AD fish was found for adha and adhb expression therefore we hypothesized that these genes might be required for allyl alcohol activation microinjection of adha but not adhb mrna led to a significant increase of AA toxicity in embryos similar to C2 reported for adults lc mgl in adha mrnainjected embryos furthermore gcms analysis of adhainjected embryos indicated a significant decline of internal AA concentrations from ngembryo to C2 below the limit of detection µgl i.t. of neither adhb nor gfp mrna had an impact on internal allyl alcohol C2 supporting that the increased AA toxicity was mediated by an increase in its metabolization these results underline the necessity to critically consider S9 in the zebrafish embryo as demonstrated here mrna i.t. is one useful approach to study the role of candidate enzymes involved in metabolization | MEDAL |
in this twopart bench to clinic narrative recent advances in both the preclinical and clinical aspects of artificial pancreas ap development are described in the preceding bench narrative kudva and colleagues provide an indepth understanding of the modified glucoregulatory physiology of type diabetes that will help refine future ap algorithms in the clinic narrative presented here we compare and evaluate ap technology to gain further momentum toward outpatient trials and eventual approval for widespread use we enumerate the design objectives variables and challenges involved in ap development concluding with a discussion of recent clinical advancements thanks to the effective integration of engineering and medicine the dream of automated gl regulation is nearing reality consistent and methodical presentation of results will accelerate this success allowing HH comparisons that will facilitate adoption of the ap as a standard therapy for type diabetes | MEDAL |
deltasleepinducing peptide dsip effects on resistance to acute emotional stress induced by electric stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus and skin of immobilized rats have been investigated on the basis of the pattern of cardiovascular reactions three groups of rats were distinguished resistant adapted and predisposed to the experimental ES it is shown that dsip injections increase animals resistance to acute ES dsip also changes the VR to episodic emotiogenic stimulations it is revealed that T3 dsip application the absence of V1 reactions to emotiogenic ventromedial hypothalamic and electroskin stimulations significantly increased | MEDAL |
metalworking fluids mwfs are wellknown causes of occupational contact dermatitis in machinists | MEDAL |
the primary function of the disc is mechanical therefore degenerative changes in disc mechanics and the interactions between the annulus fibrosus af and NP np in nondegenerate and degenerate discs are important to functional DUE the disc experiences complex loading conditions including mechanical interactions between the pressurized np and the surrounding fiberreinforced af our objective was to noninvasively evaluate the internal deformations of nondegenerate and degenerate human discs under axial compression with flexion neutral and extension positions using magnetic resonance imaging and image correlation the side of applied bending eg anterior af in flexion had higher tensile radial and compressive axial strains and the opposite side of bending exhibited tensile axial strains even though the disc was loaded under axial compression degenerated discs exhibited higher compressive axial and tensile radial strains which suggest that load CSD through the disc subcomponents are altered with degeneration likely due to the depressurized np placing more of the applied load directly on the af the posterior af exhibited higher compressive axial and higher tensile radial strains than the other af regions and the strains were not correlated with degeneration suggesting this region undergoes high strains throughout life which may predispose it to failure and tears in addition to understanding internal disc mechanics this T0 provides important new data into the changes in internal strain with degeneration data for validation of finite element models and provides a technique and baseline data for evaluating surgical treatments | MEDAL |
a T0 was made of the pyrolysis of tyre particles with the aim of determining the possibilities of using the products resulting from the process as fuel three final temperatures were used determined from thermogravimetric data the design of the experiment was a horizontal oven containing a reactor into which particles of the original tyre were placed T3 the process a solid fraction char remained in the reactor while the gases generated went through a set of scrubbers where most of the condensable fraction oils was retained finally once free of this fraction the gases were collected in glass ampoules solid and liquids fractions were subjected to thermogravimetric analyses in order to study their combustibility the gas fraction was analysed by means of gas chromatography to establish the content of co co h and HCs present in the samples mainly components of gases produced in the pyrolysis process a special T0 was made of the sulphur and chlorine content of all the fractions as the presence of these elements could be problematic if the products are used as fuel tyre pyrolysis engenders a solid carbon residue that concentrates sulphur and chorine with a relatively high calorific value although not so high as that of the original tyre the liquid fraction produced by the process has a high calorific value which rises with the final temperature up to mjkg the chlorine content of this fraction is negligible over of the gas fraction regardless of the final temperature is composed of HCs of a low molecular weight and hydrogen this fraction also appearing to be free of chlorine | MEDAL |
four hundred patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy bph undergoing prostatic surgery were enrolled in this T0 in order to search for AF predictive of a successful outcome patients had AUR and the others had irritative and obstructive voiding PS preoperative examinations included intravenous urography ivu TRS of the prostate trsp CMG uroflowmetry and urethral pressure profilometry upp retropubic prostatectomy was undertaken in cases TURP in and transurethral incision of the prostate in in the followup period of months to years a strictly successful result was achieved in patients patients had a fair result were stationary in the PS became worse and died postoperatively on analysis of the success rate favorable factors and unfavorable AF were noted a symptomatic C1 prostatic adenoma proven by ivu trsp or upp will imply a higher success rate urodynamically obstructive bph proven by a high voiding pressure and constrictive flow pattern can also predict a satisfactory outcome the unfavorable factors always come from a small adenoma uncertain irritative symptoms and detrusor underactivity patients with more than unfavorable factors should be investigated carefully before surgery the presence of favorable AF without an unfavorable factor will usually predict the best surgical outcome | MEDAL |
a simple practical and precise method for the simultaneous analysis of different polycyclic Ah pahs including parent pahs oxygenatedpahs oxypahs chloropahs and nitrogencontaining heterocyclic pacs npacs in groundwater was established via gas chromatographymass spectrometry gcms combined with liquidliquid extraction lle the obtained detection method possesses instrument PCD limits at a signal to noise of in the range of ngml and method PCD limits in the range of ngl the average recoveries of the analytes were in the range of with relative standard deviations rsds and the recoveries of pah derivatives ranged from to with rsds the method has been successfully applied to the screening of groundwater samples from eastern china the results revealed that types of targets including pahs and pah derivatives were detected and that the groundwater in most Az is slightly polluted while the pollution of jiangsu province and shandong province was more serious | MEDAL |
the role of the thymus in neurologic disorders induced by the mu HTLV ts a neuropathogenic and lymphocytopathic mutant of the moloney mu one virustb was examined using severe combined immune deficiency scid mice nu/nu mice are resistant to tsinduced neurologic disease all scid mice inoculated neonatally with ts developed neurologic disorders similar to those of inoculated balbc mice albeit after a longer LP in some experiments instead of inoculating ts directly purified thymocytes cd or cd t cells from tsinfected balbc mice were transferred to neonatal h compatible scid mice we found that scid mice that received infected thymocytes developed the disease faster than those that received infected cd t cells scid mice that received INF cd TA did not develop any disease thus the rudimentary thymus of scid mouse plays a key role in tsinduced neurologic disease in addition flow cytometric analysis of the reconstituted scid mice showed that cd TA migrate and preferentially colonize the thymus while cd TA were found in the spleen and to a lesser extent in the thymus however the significance of this organ specific movements of transferred cells in relation to the virus infection remains unclear in view of the involvement of the thymus and the cd TA in HIV virus infection which also infects the CNS system cns in most cases our findings in this mu model may help us better understand hoease clinical remission was achieved in of cases the year survival is confidence interval the presence of b PS and a SS Al value of gl at presentation were poor prognostic indicators for survival in a multivariate proportionalhazards model overall the response rate and survival for this group of patients with intermediate and highgrade lymphomas is similar to results previously reported the bemopca treatment was brief weeks and associated with a low fatal toxicity one early death and one late fatality from pneumocystis pneumonia and the drug costs are equivalent to those for eight cycles of chop | MEDAL |
so far no published data was available concerning the circulation of bluetongue virus btv in madagascar during a survey on rift valley fever we were able to detect a virus belonging to btv therefore we conducted a T0 aiming at characterizing molecularly the btv isolated and assess the importance of circulation of btv in madagascar a total of sera from ruminants selected randomly by stratification and sampled in districts of madagascar were tested for btv moreover cattle were followed during months phylogenetic analyses were performed from virus isolated from unfed pools of mosquitoes overall the estimated mean seroprevalence of infection at the national level was ci in cattle and ci in small ruminants estimation of incidence rate was per cattleyears assuming that the incidence rate is constant all year along phylogenetic analyses revealed that btv detected belong to serotype in conclusion our results showed that btv is endemic in madagascar and highly prevalent among cattle in our T0 we did not work on the vector involved in transmission of btv in cattle thus research should be conducted to better describe epidemiology of btv in madagascar including vectors and assess economic impact of the disease associated to btv infections | MEDAL |
we evaluated pain tolerability and the preliminary results of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation ptns in children with unresponsive lower urinary tract PS luts | MEDAL |
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