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the aim of the trial was to compare the clinical efficacy of dihydroergotoxin with a PL and to define its indications in the treatment of acquired PSD of abiotrophic origin degeneration by primary cerebral atrophy or arteriopathic deterioration as the result of multiple CBF infarcts origin it was a single centre doubleblind randomized controlled exp CT the trial involved groups each corresponding to a stage of increasing severity each group was randomized separately the separation between the abiotrophic PSD group and the arteriopathic dementia group was made T3 the trial on the basis of clinical criteria hachinski ischemic score and a scan when applicable the number of subjects necessary was fixed at per group the duration of the trial was months per patient
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industrial fishing effluents are characterized by high loads of protein and sulfate that stimulate the activity of proteolytic and sulfate reducing bacteria during anaerobic digestion their metabolic products nh and hs respectively have a wellknown detrimental effect on the activity of methanogens since methylamine is a carbon source used by methylaminotrophic methane producing archaea mmpa but not by sulfate reducing bacteria srb enriched mmpa anaerobic biofilms have been developed on ceramics we propose that methylated amines could be produced in the biofilm by using betaine a known F0 of methylamine as a carbon and SE source we isolated an anaerobic betainotrophic methylaminogenic bacterial strain bmb from an anaerobic bioreactor using betaine as the only carbon and energy source this strain was identified by a standard biochemical test api ne cloning and s rdna sequencing bmb biofilm structure and biofilm growth kinetic parameters were determined by means of SEM microscopy sem and the gompertz growth MM respectively monomethylamine production was determined by infrared spectroscopy and by high pressure liquid chromatography the isolated bmb CS was determined as stappia stellulata proteobacteria phylum it was able to form biofilm on ceramics and its kinetic growth parameters resulted in maximum biofilm bacterial count a of x ufccm and maximum TPS growth rate mum of h production of MMA was about atogramcellday atcellday T3 days of incubation in biofilms this study confirms the adhesion capacity of this bmb strain on ceramic supports assuring that MMA production in biofilms could be EC with mmpa that use MMA
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a diagnosis of intrauterine growth retardation iugr was made in pregnancies on the basis that the estimated fetal body weight was less than sd of the intrauterine growth curve for the japanese population in two consecutive measurements the estimation of fetal body weight was made from the BPD and ABD circumference using the formula of shepard et al maternal plasma estriol urinary estriol and plasma hpl were determined and routine instructions to take daytime bedrest and a HPD were made optionally selected cases were given oral AE mgday until the time of delivery the medicated group and the other cases control group were given no medication ultrasonic and PSA measurements were repeated every two weeks thereafter the estimated fetal weight calculated from shepards formula was of sufficient accuracy to make it possible to predict the fetal weight before delivery in the control group the estimated fetal weight averaged grams at the initial measurements at an average of weeks gestation when the diagnosis of iugr was made and grams at the final measurements at an average of weeks gestation immediately before delivery in the medicated group the estimated fetal weight averaged grams at the initial measurements at weeks gestation and grams at the final measurements at weeks gestation statistically significant increases in the fetal body weight were noted in the medicated group maternal plasma estriol urinary estriol and plasma hpl concentrations rose significantly in the medicated group when compared with the control groupabstract truncated at words
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anomalous coronary arteries acas may be clinically silent and totally benign or associated with catastrophic and fatal presentations it has been postulated that the PT course of an aca is a decisive factor in risk stratification and surgical RPA particularly a course between the aorta and PT carries a high risk of L1 adverse events we sought to evaluate the anatomic course of documented acas by transesophageal echocardiography tee and to study their functional importance using stressrest mtcsestamibi mtcmibi myocardial perfusion spect
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pulmonary hypoplasia ph is a developmental anomaly of the lung parenchyma characterized by a decrease in the number and size of airways alveoli and vessels we present a case of a yearold patient with a history of chronic productive cough and frequent respiratory infections who was referred for investigation of abnormal chest xray the combination of chest computed tomography ct and bronchoscopy set the diagnosis of left pulmonary hypoplasia and the patient was treated surgically with a left pneumonectomy ph is usually diagnosed immediately T3 birth causing severe respiratory failure with high mortality the less severe unilateral forms can possibly survive by causing compensatory hyperinflation of the other lung and remain undiagnosed until adulthood presenting either asymptomatic or with symptoms of CB and recurrent respiratory infections chest ct is considered the imaging technique of choice for the diagnosis and for the differential diagnosis from other congenital or acquired conditions the treatment is usually conservative although surgical resection is indicated in cases of severe cystic changes and intense symptomatology
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the L1 SS carrier of the insulinlike growth factors igfs is igfbinding protein igfbp that exists in the circulation associated with igf and an acid labile S1 to form a ternary kda complex it has been reported that heparin disrupts the igf carrying capacity of the ternary complex and is a potent inhibitor of ternary complex reformation clemmons et al baxter thus the aim of this T0 was to determine if in a clinical setting where blood may be collected in both nonheparinized and heparinized tubes heparin alters the molecular distribution or immunoreactive measurement of igfbp and igfi two different collection modalities were examined protocol blood was drawn and immediately centrifuged and aliquotted and protocol blood was drawn left at RT for h and then at °c overnight prior to centrifugation samples were drawn from a normal AD and from a growth hormonedeficient ghd child and subjected to neutral sizeexclusion chromatography to separate the ternary kda complex from the binary igfbpigf approx kda complex fractions were then subjected to WLB wlb western immunoblot wib and measurement of igfbp by immunoradiometric assay irma while the igf distribution was measured by radioimmunoassay ria following acidic sizeexclusion chromatography in both serum and plasma of a normal AD wlb detected a kda igfbp doublet eluting primarily within the kda igfbp region ie ternary complex similarly assessment of immunoreactive igfbp by wib showed a kda igfbp doublet as well as a kda immunoreactive form primarily eluting in the kda igfbp region of the chromatography measurement of igfbp by irma confirmed these findings no difference between serum and plasma was detected in either collection protocol ria of igfi revealed that the ternary complex carried the majority of the circulating igfi and that there was no difference between serum and plasma assessment of serum and plasma of a ghd child showed reduced SS concentrations of igfbp but no difference in the igfbp profiles between serum and plasma these data demonstrate that the collection of blood in heparinized tubes does not alter the molecular distribution or forms of igfbp and igfi
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we report the establishment of a library of micromolded elastomeric micropost arrays to modulate substrate rigidity independently of effects on adhesive and other material surface properties we demonstrated that micropost rigidity impacts cell morphology FAs CSK contractility and stem cell differentiation furthermore early changes in cytoskeletal contractility predicted later SC fate decisions in single cells
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the immunological events leading to the OD of LA in humans are partially understood much of this information has been gained by studying the course of infection of naïve or vaccinated mice with borrelia burgdorferi however the borreliavaccination and infection model has not been described using the organismal parameters commonly used in the widely accepted borreliainfection MM this is the first comparison between the borreliainfection and the borreliavaccination and infection models of ICA borreliavaccinated and infected chhen mice develop acute inflammation comparable to that of nonvaccinated borreliainfected chhen mice the duration and severity of ICA in borreliavaccinated and INF mice was slightly increased compared with borreliainfected mice significantly borreliavaccinated and INF chhen mice produce interleukin il while borreliainfected mice that had not been previously vaccinated do not NT of il in borreliavaccinated and infected chhen mice decreased the severity of arthritis although not to the degree we observed previously in cbl mice collectively these findings show that the borreliavaccination and infection MM of lyme arthritis incorporates elements of adaptive immunity that likely have relevance to human disease but may not be observed in borreliainfected chhen mice
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there has been renewed interest in using algae for wastewater polishing and treatment in recent years because SRT srt is a key design and operating parameter in bioreactor T0 this research determined the effect of srt on phototrophic growth and microbial population dynamics in CF chemostat systems there was a unique feature of phototrophic growth that differed from chemotrophic growth in chemostat it was found that the phototrophic biomass concentration increased proportionally as srt increased from to days regardless of the NC in srt a step function MM was successfully applied with the predicted phototrophic production rate of ± gm·d at the light intensity of μmolm·s even though the continuousflow systems were initially seeded with a mixture of green algae and cyanobacteria chlorella vulgaris always dominated in the continuousflow chemostat systems under steadystate conditions
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based on a bioinformatics T0 the protein ma from the methanogenic archaeon methanosarcina acetivorans was originally predicted to be a multidomain phytochromelike photosensory kinase possibly binding openchain tetrapyrroles although we were able to show that recombinantly produced and purified protein does not bind any known phytochrome chromophores uvvisible spectroscopy revealed the presence of a heme tetrapyrrole cofactor in contrast to many other known cytoplasmic hemecontaining proteins the heme was covalently attached via one vinyl side chain to cysteine in the second gaf domain this gaf domain by itself is sufficient for covalent att resonance raman and MCD data support a MM of a sixcoordinate heme species with additional features of a fivecoordination structure the heme cofactor is redoxactive and able to coordinate various ligands like imidazole dimethyl sulfide and carbon monoxide depending on the redox state interestingly the redox state of the heme cofactor has a substantial influence on autophosphorylation activity although reduced protein does not autophosphorylate oxidized protein gives a strong autophosphorylation signal independent from bound external ligands based on its genomic localization ma is most likely a sensor kinase of a twocomponent system effecting regulation of the mts system a set of three homologous corrinoidmethyltransferase FP isoforms involved in methyl sulfide metabolism consistent with this prediction an m acetivorans mutant devoid of ma constitutively synthesized mtsf on the basis of our results we postulate a hemebased redoxdimethyl sulfide sensory CF of ma and propose to designate it msms methyl sulfide methyltransferaseassociated sensor
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binding studies with the radiolabeled muscarinic antagonists dexetimide quinuclidinyl benzilate and nmethylscopolamine showed that the human embryonic lung fibroblast ccl possesses approximately x muscarinic receptorscell ie pmolmg membrane protein these receptors showed a marked stereoselectivity towards dexetimide and levetimide and only low affinity for another antagonist pirenzepine the muscarinic agonist carbamylcholine inhibited forskolinstimulated adenylate cyclase and induced phosphatidylinositide turnover in the IN cells both effects were inhibited by the muscarinic antagonist atropine affinity labeling with tritiated propylbenzylcholine mustard revealed a protein of kda finally downregulation of the membrane receptors following prolonged treatment with the agonist carbamylcholine was assessed by means of the hydrophilic NMS
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adequate soil calcium ca²⺠levels are crucial for sustained reproductive development of peanut arachis hypogaea a role for calcium dependent protein kinase was evaluated during peanut fruit development under sufficient and deficient soil ca²⺠conditions quantitative rtpcr and protein gel blot analyses confirmed transcriptional upregulation of cdpk in seeds developing under inadequate soil ca²⺠regimen as well as spatiotemporal regulation of cdpk expression during early MI growth and later during the storage phase of seed development however a consistent basal level of cdpk was present during similar developmental stages of pod tissue irrespective of the soil ca²⺠status immunolocalization data showed cdpk decoration primarily in the outer most cell layers of the pericarp and around V1 bundles linked by lateral connections in developing pods as well as the single V1 trace supplying nutrients to the developing seed finally carbohydrate analyses and qrtpcr data are provided for peanut genes encoding enzymes involved in SU cleavage orthologs of vicia faba vfcwi and vfcwi and utilization ahsusy and ahsps and oleosin gene transcripts aholeo and aholeo validating a role for cdpk in the establishment and maintenance of sink strength and subsequent onset of storage product biosynthetic phase during seed maturation
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the conversion of proparathyroid hormone to parathyroid hormone pth was studied in vitro employing pancreatic trypsin as a prototype CE digestion of intact radiolabeled bovine prohormone with trypsin ww resulted in PR of a peptide comigrating with intact hormone marker in systems resolving both on the basis of charge urea polyacrylamide gels ph and size sodium dodecyl sulfateurea PAGE ph tryptic digestions of a synthetic analogue of bovine prohormone propth consisting of the prohormone hexapeptide covalently bonded to the nih terminus of the active fragment of the hormone released in high yield the hexapeptide and the IN active hormone fragment before any other smaller fragments analyses of digestions were by i thinlayer chromatography and amino acid analysis of digestion products ii comparison of the biological activity of the prophormone substrate and the products of digestion and iii peptide endgroup analysis by the edman method during progressive tryptic hydrolysis over h the latter experiments demonstrated cleavage of more than of the hexapeptidehormone peptide bond before cleavage of other trypsinsensitive CS within the molecule it is concluded that the specificity of cleavage at the hexapeptidehormone bond in the process of intracellular hydrolysis of proparathyroid hormone resides primarily in the CS andor conformation of the F0 molecule inasmuch as conversion of prohormone to hormone can be efficiently accomplished by pancreatic TR in vitro there is therefore no need to postulate the existence of an intracellular converting enzyme within the parathyroid cell that possesses unique hydrolytic specificity
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the saponin aescin from the horse chestnut tree is a NK surfactant wellknown to selfassemble as orientedaggregates at fluid interfaces using MM membranes in the form of lipid vesicles and langmuir monolayers we study the mixing properties of aescin with the phasesegregating phospholipid dimyristoylsnglycerophosphocholine dmpc the binary CM are experimentally studied on different length scales ranging from the lipid headgroup area to the macroscopic scale using smallangle xray scattering saxs photon rho spectroscopy pcs and differential scanning calorimetry dsc with binary bilayer LDV and langmuir tensiometry lt with lipid monolayers spread on the surface of aescin solutions the binary interaction was found to strongly depend on aescin concentration in two well differentiated concentration regimes below mol the results reveal phase segregation of nanometersized aescinrich domains in an aescinpoor continuous bilayer above this concentration aescinaescin interactions dominate which inhibit vesicle formation but lead to the formation of new membrane aggregates of smaller sizes from lt studies in monolayers the interaction of aescin with dmpc was shown to be stronger in the condensed phase than in the liquid expanded phase furthermore a destructuring role was revealed for aescin on phospholipid membranes similar to the fluidizing effect of cholesterol and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs nsaids on lipid bilayers
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the human mesonephros is currently regarded as a simplified version of the foetal metanephros primarily due to the close morphological resemblance between these two structures the aim of the present study was to define whether human mesonephric and foetal metanephric nephrons share immunophenotypical traits in their corresponding structures glomeruli PT and distal tubules for this purpose we first investigated immunohistochemically the overall expression and topographical CSD of CKs and vimentin and alphasmooth muscle actin in mature mesonephric nephrons and compared the results with those obtained in maturingstage foetal metanephric nephrons no expression of cytokeratins and was found cytokeratins and and vimentin showed a restricted and basically coincident expression along the different components of both mesonephric and metanephric nephrons these findings indicate that the intermediate filament protein profile of human mature mesonephric nephrons closely recapitulates that observed in developing metanephros and thereby strengthens the concept that human mesonephros a transient ontogenic structure is largely similar to the foetal metanephros the sole difference between human mesonephros and foetal metanephros was the divergent expression of alphasmooth muscle actin this protein exhibited an increasingly accentuated mesangial expression paralleling the morphological maturation of metanephric glomerulus whereas it was absent from the mesonephric one this would suggest that the mesangial cells in these two renal structures have a different CF during the foetal life
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a previous T0 showed that motor experiences during critical periods of development durably affect the motor properties of adult B6 mice however dependence on early environmental features may vary with the genetic profile to evaluate the contribution of the genetic BG on external influences to motricity we performed the same experiment in a sv mouse strain that show a strongly different motor profile mice were subjected to ET EE or forced treadmill HG chronic centrifugation or simulated MG hindlimb unloading between PN days and they were then returned to standard housing until testing at the age of nine months the endurancetrained mice showed a fastslow shift in the deep zone of the tibialis in addition mice reared in the enriched environment showed a modified gait and body posture and improved performance on the rotarod whereas forced treadmill training did not affect motor output HG induced a fastslow shift in the superficial zone of the tibialis with no consequence on motor SO hindlimb unloading provoked an increased percentage of immature hybrid MF in the tibialis and a shift in the soleus muscle when compared with similarly reared cblj mice sv mice showed qualitative differences attributable to the lower efficiency of early training due to their lower basal MA level nevertheless the results are essentially consistent in both strains and support the hypothesis that early motor experience influences the muscle phenotype and motor SO
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CPM is a rare neurologic disorder that is defined by demyelination of longitudinally descending tracts and transversly crossing fibers in the basis pontis frequently observed clinical manifestations of this disorder include sudden weakness dysphagia loss of consciouness and LIS however there have been a few studies that reported a benign course of this disease which include cerebellar signs such as ataxia intention tremor and dysarthria here we report on a yearold male with a history of liver cirrhosis who showed the cerebellar type of central pontine myelinolysis the patient was diagnosed with CE pontine myelinolysis based on clinical presentations and magnetic resonance imaging findings after a liver transplantation conventional magenetic resonance imaging mri revealed the preservation of the CST and abnormal pontocerebellar fibers however these findings were not sufficient to define the pathophysiology of our patient electrophysiologic analysis and DTI dti were performed to investigate cerebellar signs in this case delayed central MCT cmct to the TA with transcranial magnetic stimulation tms was observed which indicated demyelination of the CST also diffusion tensor imaging showed abnormal pontocerebellar fibers which might have been caused by cerebellar dysfunction in our patient a combination of tms and dti was also used to determine the pathophysiology of this disease
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cellulitis is an acute infection of the dermal and subcutaneous layers of the skin often occurring after a local skin trauma it is a common diagnosis in both inpatient and OP dermatology as well as in the primary care setting cellulitis classically presents with erythema swelling warmth and tenderness over the affected area there are many other dermatologic diseases which can present with similar findings highlighting the need to consider a broad differential diagnosis some of the most common mimics of cellulitis include venous stasis dermatitis contact dermatitis deep vein thrombosis and panniculitis history local characteristics of the affected area systemic signs laboratory tests and in some cases skin biopsy can be helpful in confirming the correct diagnosis most patients can be treated as an outpatient with oral antibiotics with dicloxacillin or cephalexin being the oral therapy of choice when MRSA is not a concern
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the enzymes responsible for the ratelimiting step in retinoic acid biosynthesis the oxidation of retinol to retinaldehyde during embryogenesis and in adulthood have not been fully defined here we report that a novel member of the short chain dehydrogenasereductase superfamily frog sdrc acts as a highly AS retinol dehydrogenase rdhe that promotes retinoic acid biosynthesis when expressed in rat cells in vivo assays of rdhe CF show that overexpression of rdhe in frog embryos leads to posteriorization and induction of defects resembling those caused by retinoic acid toxicity conversely AS morpholinomediated knockdown of endogenous rdhe results in phenotypes consistent with retinoic acid deficiency such as defects in anterior neural tube closure microcephaly with small eye formation disruption of somitogenesis and curved body axis with bent tail higher doses of morpholino induce embryonic lethality analyses of retinoic acid C2 using either endogenous retinoic acidsensitive gene hoxd or retinoic acid reporter cell L1 both show that the levels of retinoic acid are significantly decreased in rdhe morphants taken together these results provide strong evidence that xenopus rdhe functions as a retinol dehydrogenase essential for frog embryonic OD in vivo importantly the retinol oxidizing activity of frog rdhe is conserved in its mouse homologs suggesting that rdherelated enzymes may represent the previously unrecognized physiologically relevant retinol dehydrogenases that contribute to retinoic acid biosynthesis in higher vertebrates
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when recording the activity of the PCA pca with surface electrodes there is contamination from the surrounding muscles such as the CP muscle we therefore devised a new oesophageal catheter electrode of the separate type having three individual surface electrodes for the pca cricopharyngeal muscle and diaphragm the records obtained with this catheter demonstrated satisfactory separation between pca and cricopharyngeal muscle activities we used this catheter in patients with multiple system atrophy presenting with vocal cord paralysis who were awake or asleep there were two interesting EMG findings which were inspiratory activity of the adductor muscle the TA and fadeout of the abductor muscle that is pca activity during sleep although VCP is one of the most serious lifethreatening complications the precise mechanism has not been clarified we believe that our catheter may be useful in investigating the mechanism of vocal cord paralysis which could cause SD in neurodegenerative disorders including multiple system atrophy
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PP and PVH were isolated by microdissection from lyophilized liver slices micrometer from fed and fasted rats and from a human patient nadpnadph cycling was used to determine fructosebisphosphatase activity in the isolated hepatocytes ng dry weight the periportal hepatocytes contain times as much FBP activity as the perivenous hepatocytes a h fast led to twofold increase in the activity in the PPH and a fourfold increase in the perivenous hepatocytes FBP parallels closely with the key enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and therefore can be considered a suitable marker for gluconeogenic capacity
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phosphoinositides regulate myriad cellular processes acting as potent signaling molecules in conserved signaling pathways and as organelle gatekeepers that recruit effector proteins to membranes phosphoinositidegenerating enzymes have been studied extensively in yeast and cultured cells yet their roles in animal OD are not well understood here we analyze Dm phosphatidylinositol kinase iiiα pikiiiα during oogenesis we demonstrate that pikiiiα is required for production of BPM ptdinsp and ptdinsp and is crucial for actin organization membrane trafficking and cell polarity female germ cells mutant for pikiiiα exhibit defects in cortical integrity associated with failure to recruit the cytoskeletalmembrane crosslinker moesin and the exocyst subunit sec these effects reflect a unique requirement for pikiiiα as egg chambers from flies mutant for either of the other drosophila piks fwd or pikii show golgi but not BPM phenotypes thus pikiiiα is a vital regulator of a functionally distinct pool of ptdinsp that is essential for ptdinspdependent processes in drosophila OD
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burkholderia cenocepacia employs both nacyl homoserine lactone ahl and cisdodecenoic acid bdsf quorum sensing qs systems in regulation of bacterial virulence it was shown recently that disruption of bdsf synthase rpffbc caused a reduction of ahl signal production in b cenocepacia however how bdsf system influences ahl system is still not clear
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hydroxidecatalysis bonding is a high precision jointing technique producing strong transparent and thin bonds the use of which in the delicate fused silica mirror suspensions of aligo have been instrumental in the first detections of gravitational radiation more sensitive future gravitational wave detectors will require more accurate ideally in situ measurements of properties such as bond thickness here a nondestructive technique is presented in which the thickness and refractive index of a bond are determined from measurements of optical reflectivity the reflectivity of a bond made between two fused silica discs using sodium silicate solution is less than â supsup T3 months the thickness decreases to a constant value of around nm at its minimum and the refractive index increases from to this proves that as well as determination of bond thickness in situ this bonding technique is highly interesting for optical applications
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pulmonary lobectomy is the standard of care for resection of nonsmall cell lung cancer nsclc patients with compromised lung function who are considered high risk may be denied surgical treatment thus proper ID of those truly at high risk is critical videoassisted thoracic surgery vats may reduce the operative risk this study reviews our institutional experience of pulmonary lobectomy by open thoracotomy or vats techniques in patients deemed to be high risk
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clonal analysis of wholemount preparations of entire RPE rpe using swr in equilibrium cbljlac and ddk in equilibrium chbi mouse aggregation chimaeras in which one of the two parental components predominated revealed a markedly nonrandom spatial arrangement of patch clone sizes singlecell and small patches predominated in an area around the optic nerve head while large patches occurred mral methods the enzyme was found to have two molecules of pyridoxal phosphate per enzyme molecule suggesting one per subunit there are significant differences in the nature of these findings from those previously reported from this laboratory for the onion enzyme studies are in progress to compare further the alliin lyases from garlic and onion
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the field of motor learning ml plays a pivotal role in physical therapy pt and its implementation has been shown to improve MI outcomes the objective of this T0 was to assess PTs mlrelated SE selfreported implementation and environmental workplace factors an additional aim was to report the psychometric properties of a questionnaire that was developed to assess the abovementioned constructs
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critically ill patients often develop intensive care unitacquired weakness reduction in muscle mass and muscle strength occurs early T3 admission to the intensive ECU icu although early AS muscle training could attenuate this intensive care unitacquired weakness in the early phase of critical illness a C1 proportion of patients are unable to participate in any AS mobilization neuromuscular electrical stimulation nmes could be an alternative strategy for muscle training the aim of this study was to investigate the safety and feasibility of nmes in critically ill patients
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cyclophosphamide cy is a clinically used cytotoxic agent that is effective in a wide range of tumor types including breast and small cell lung cancers however by far not all patients benefit from cy therapy we used patient tumor explants grown in nude mice as an exp model system to identify a gene signature that based on a PT gene expression profile predicts its cy response fortynine human tumor xenografts of different histologies were defined as the training set correlation of the mRNA profiles of UT tumors to the sensitivity of the same PT to cy led to the ID of transcripts as predictive biomarkers for cy response interestingly the products of of these genes were known to interact at least indirectly with cy a leaveoneout CV RPA led to a correct prediction of the cy response of the training set PT in out of cases as compared to a response rate of out of following random testing for an independent set of previously untested PT with known gene expression profiles validation set cy sensitivity was predicted correctly for out of PT and cy resistance for out of PT in comparison random testing of the same PT resulted in a response rate of out of for the same PT the median minimum tc value for predicted responders was as compared to for predicted nonresponders finally for RT types considered as cy sensitive such as small cell lung and breast cancers as well as melanoma the combined real and predicted response rates for tested and untested PT was in contrast for tumor types considered as cy resistant including colon and renal cancer the combined real and predicted response rate for tested and untested tumors was only taken together we identified a gene signature that can predict tumor response to cy and warrants clinical validation
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word recognition functions for auditec recordings of the cid w stimuli in multitalker noise were obtained using subjects with normal hearing and with mildtomoderate sensorineural hearing loss in the first experiment word recognition functions were generated by varying the signaltonoise ratio sn whereas in the second experiment a constant sn was used and CS- intensity was varied the splithalf reliability of word recognition scores for the normalhearing and hearingimpaired groups revealed R2 that agreed closely with predictions based on the simple binomial CSD therefore the binomial MM appears appropriate for estimating the variability of word recognition scores whether they are obtained in quiet or in a competing BG noise the reliability for threshold point revealed good stability the slope of the recognition CF was steeper for normal listeners than for the hearingimpaired subjects word recognition testing in noise can provide insight into the problems imposed by hearing loss particularly when evaluating patients with mild hearing loss who exhibit no difficulties with conventional tests clinicians should employ a sufficient number of stimuli so that the test is adequately CS to differences among listening conditions
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in pollution exclusion experiments on the verge of a widelyused motorway it has been shown that roadway emissions increase the abundance of the aphid aphis fabae scop on two different host plants viburnum opulus l and PHA l analysis of phloem sap of excised leaves revealed on increase in almost all of the detected amino acids due to AA pollution to investigate the significance of these changes to aphid development the patterns analyzed were translated into artificial diets representing the CAA composition either of filtered air or AA host plants on AA diets the larvae were significantly larger at birth compared to the progeny on filtered air diets also the mean relative growth rates mrgr of larvae reared on ambient air diets were significantly increased at the same time a conspicuous shorter development time of the larvae could be observed on AA diets
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despite optimal treatment of high LD lipoprotein ldl cholesterol with statins many cardiovascular events are not prevented additional therapeutic strategies are required to reduce the residual cardiovascular risk C1 epidemiological studies show an inverse correlation between the plasma concentration of HD lipoprotein hdl cholesterol and the incidence of cardiovascular events under physiological conditions hdl is vasculoprotective and mediates the RCT however new studies suggest that hdl particles represent a heterogeneous population under several pathophysiological conditions hdl was shown to promote atherogenesis and inflammation interventional studies and metaanalyses examining the effect of increasing hdl cholesterol have reported mixed results inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer protein cetp is a new and potent strategy to increase hdl concentrations however the first cetpinhibitor torcetrapib increased bloodpressure and increased cardiovascular events despite increasing hdl the bloodpressure increasing effects are not known for more recently developed cetp inhibitors such as dalcetrapib and anacetrapib nor in patients with genetic cetp deficiency an increase of hdl cholesterol does not necessarily imply an improvement of the functional properties of hdl such as reverse cholesterol transport an important open question remains the functional characterization of hdl generated by cetp inhibition important current clinical endpoint studies with new cetp inhibitors will elucidate whether increasing hdl by cetp inhibition leads to a reduction of cardiovascular events
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experiments were conducted to evaluate the production response to a solid phase nutritive supplement used as an alternative to feed withdrawal in broiler chickens and its effect on gastrointestinal tract git residue three treatments were applied a conventional h feed withdrawal control provision of a highly digestible carbohydratebased feed withdrawal supplement fws with no added protein source fws and provision of fws containing cp as a highly digestible protein source fws both fws treatments were designed to be highly and rapidly soluble were formulated to result in nominally lower git residues and were withdrawn for only h prior to slaughter visual assessment of segments of the git at slaughter indicated no significant differences among treatments in the degree of emptiness of the crop gizzard and colon whereas intestinal contents of both fws groups were less p than those of the control group with or without prior acclimation to supplements LW losses for both fws CG were consistently and significantly less than for the control group p in birds acclimated to the supplement hot eviscerated and chilled carcass weights and deboned breast meat yield were greater for fws than for the control group p carcass water uptake during chilling was similar or lower for fws treatments compared to controls so that the effect of supplement on improving product yield was not due to excessive water uptake these data indicate that the provision of a highly digestible feed withdrawal supplement enhanced lower git emptying reduced live WL and in some instances improved product yield without the need for a prolonged period of FW
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plasma cellrich AR pcar and antibodymediated rejection abmr for which a ST has not yet been established are associated with poor GS Tx here we report a case series of japanese patients diagnosed with pcar accompanied by abmr steroid PP therapy and rb antithymocyte globulin plasma exchange intravenous immunoglobulin and RTX therapies were sequentially performed in the first case a graft biopsy after each treatment showed that plasma cell infiltration persisted five months T3 the initiation of AAR therapy the patient was subjected to bortezomib therapy which led to the partial elimination of PCs from the VG however the VG CF gradually deteriorated and hemodialysis treatment was warranted in the other cases the patients received the same combination of therapy including bortezomib within a short period VG biopsies performed subsequently showed a marked decrease in the number of infiltrated plasma cells and stabilization of renal graft CF was achieved in both cases bortezomib which targets plasma cells is a potent drug that eliminates infiltrated plasma cells from the graft in pcar thus in addition to conventional therapy comprising plasma exchange intravenous immunoglobulin and rituximab against abmr bortezomib may be necessary to administer without any delay to control pcar
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subtle edema in yellow bone marrow from tumors subjects and OM subjects were examined by selective nonexcitation senex water imaging using a short five PP frequency selective excitation with lipid suppression greater than standard spinecho se PD t and tweighted images and fat suppression methods such as short inversion time inversion REC and also the chemical shift selective dixon method are discussed in comparison with senex application of the senex method is described and images from four typical cases are demonstrated sensitivity to edema is obviously better using the senex chemical shift selective method than using other imaging techniques improved delineation of abnormal areas in yellow bone marrow is provided by senex water imaging in one slice after multislice standard imaging T3 shimming only one se scan with frequency selective excitation is necessary to get a pure water image
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we report a monthold female with intrauterine growth retardation PN failure to thrive pancytopoenia and myelodysplasia with monosomy in the marrow the child succumbed to overwhelming sepsis following a bone marrow transplant to facilitate chemotherapy for metastatic hepatoblastomaa tumour that has not been previously reported in myelodysplasia syndromes cytogenetic molecular and microarray analysis of peripheral blood skin fibroblasts and bone marrow revealed unusual results suggestive of somatic chromosome instability a normal peripheral blood karyotype was documented in infancy monosomy was found in the bone marrow molecular microsatellite marker results for a later peripheral blood specimen were suggestive of partial maternal isodisomy q and this was supported by microarray data on singlenucleotide polymorphisms microarray data on gene copy number collected for the same blood specimen indicated cryptic mosaicism for the monosomy cell L1 with the monosomic line lacking the PWS copy in fibroblasts cytogenetic data showed mosaic partial trisomy for distal p
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methane monooxygenase hydroxylase was purified by chromatography and characterized by electrophoresis and spectroscopy the molecular mass of hydroxylase was kda as determined by GF whereas the total molecular mass was kda as judged by sdspage structure study indicated that the enzyme is a homodimer structure consisting of three subunits designated alpha beta and gamma with molecular masses of kda kda and kda respectively ief analysis indicated that the enzyme has a pi of the uvvis spectrum of hydroxylase revealed an absorption peak near nm and a weak shoulder peak around nm nm and a fluorescence spectrum revealed an emission peak at nm circular dichroism measurement indicated that hydroxylase mainly consists of alphahelical regions finally phylogenetic analysis indicated that this strain is very close to methylosinus trichosporium obb
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the structure of the peripheral domains of neurofilaments nfs was revealed by rotary shadowing electron microscopy nfs were isolated from bovine spinal cords by sepharose clb gel filtration and examined by low angle rotary shadowing the peripheral domains appeared as thin flexible filamentous structures projecting from the intermediate filament core with a constant density along their entire length the average length of the projections was approximately nm and the width about nm these projections appeared from regularly distributed CS at nm spacing which seemed to correspond to the typical repeat of the alphahelixrich rod domain of the core filament the density of the projections was found to be per nm we performed reconstitution experiments using purified nf polypeptides to confirm that the projection was indeed the nf peripheral domain individual components of the nf triplet ie nfl nfm and nfh were purified by de and monoq AE chromatographies in the presence of murea and were assembled in various combinations into filaments reassembled filaments were somewhat more slender than the isolated nfs and exhibited a distinct nm axial periodicity while prominent projections were not observed in the filaments assembled from nfl alone reconstructed filaments containing nfl plus either nfm or nfh revealed many projections the average length of the projections in the filaments reconstructed from nfl and nfh was about nm the projections of reconstructed filaments from nfl and nfm were about nm in length the difference in the lengths of the projections might reflect the difference in the length of the carboxyterminal tail domain between nfm and nfh the results are interpreted to show that the carboxyterminal tail domains of nfs project in a regular pattern from the core filament which is consistent with a halfstaggered organization of the tetrameric subunits
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in order to estimate the importance of leaf movements on photosynthesis in wellwatered and waterstressed field grown bean cultivars arroz tuscola at orfeo inia oi bayos titan bt and hallados dorado hd co assimilation leaf temperature and capacity for the maximum quantum yield REC measured as fvfm were assessed leaf Psi was lower in waterstressed compared to control plants throughout the day water status determined a decrease in the co assimilation and stomatal conductance as CS intensity and temperature increased up to maximal intensities at midday both parameters were lower in stressed compared to control plants even though high CS intensity and waterstress induced stomatal closure is regarded as a photoinhibitory condition the REC of variable to maximal fluorescence fvfm T3 min of darkness was nearly constant in both water regimes in fact higher values were observed in oi and at when under stress photochemical and nonphotochemical fluorescence quenching resulted in minor changes during the day and were similar between watered and stressed plants it is concluded that paraheliotropism present in the four bean cultivars efficiently protects stressed plants from photoinhibition in the field and helps maintain leaf temperatures far below the ambient temperatures however it may also be responsible for low co assimilation rates in watered plants
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sixtyeight patients with dermatitis herpetiformis underwent jejunal suction biopsies andor multiple endoscopic duodenal biopsies to evaluate the incidence of small bowel mucosal atrophy and to compare the diagnostic yield of the two methods small bowel CF tests were also performed to evaluate the extent of functional impairment SB lesions were observed in of jejunal suction biopsies and in of endoscopic DU biopsies of the patients who underwent both procedures one had lesions only in the duodenum one had more severe lesions in the duodenum than in the jejunum while the remaining patients showed identical lesions at both sites the h blood dxylose test T3 a dose of g proved more CS than xylosuria or serum folic acid CA in detecting subclinical malabsorption finally histological features of glutensensitive enteropathy can be found in nearly of patients with dermatitis herpetiformis upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with duodenal biopsies is at least as CS as jejunal suction biopsy in assessing SB involvement in DH
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independent of the design of the life cycle of any insect their growth and reproduction are highly choreographed through the action of two versatile hormones ecdysteroids and juvenile hormones jh however the means by which jh can target tissues and exert its pleiotropic physiological effects is currently still not CR elucidated although the identity of the one jh receptor is currently still elusive recent evidence seems to point to the product of the Met gene met as the most likely contender in transducing the action of jh studies on the role of this transcription factor have mostly been focused on immature insect stages in this study we used the viviparous cockroach diploptera punctata a favorite MM in studying jh endocrinology to examine the role of met during reproduction a tissue distribution and developmental profile of transcript levels was determined for met and its downstream partners during the first gonadotropic cycle of this CR using rna interference our T0 shows that silencing met results in an arrest of basal oocyte development vitellogenin is no longer transcribed in the fat body and no longer taken up by the ovary patency is not induced in these animals which fail to produce the characteristic profile of jh biosynthesis typical of the first gonadotropic cycle moreover the ultrastructure of the follicle cells showed conspicuous whorls of rough endoplasmic reticulum and a failure to form chorion our study describes the role of met on a cellular and physiological level during insect reproduction and confirms the role of met as a key factor in the jh signaling pathway
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a seminested pcr typing CA has been extended to identify rotavirus strains with the p TT the specificity of the method was confirmed by southern hybridization and by restriction analysis with the enzyme alui one out of four human rotavirus hrv strains with unusual subgroupelectropherotype linkage but none out of hrv strains with usual linkage was typed as p
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previous research suggests that low SS concentrations of the third component of C3 are associated with both the susceptibility to infectious agents such as Bb and the OD of glomerular disease we hypothesized that low levels of c are associated with the coincident occurrence of b burgdorferi infection and glomerulonephritis in bernese mountain dogs
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the protein c system provides important control of blood coagulation by regulating the MICs of factor viiia fviiia and FVa fva cofactors in the activation of factor x and prothrombin respectively the system comprises MB and circulating proteins that assemble into multimolecular complexes on cell surfaces vitamin kdependent protein c the key component of the system circulates in blood as zymogen to an anticoagulant serine protease it is efficiently activated on the surface of endothelial cells by thrombin bound to the membrane protein thrombomodulin the endothelial protein c receptor epcr further stimulates the protein c activation G1 protein c apc together with its cofactor protein s inhibits coagulation by degrading fviiia and fva on the surface of negatively charged phospholipid membranes efficient fviiia degradation by apc requires not only protein s but also intact fv which like thrombin is a janusfaced protein with both procoagulant and anticoagulant potential in addition to its anticoagulant properties apc has antiinflammatory and Bcl-2 functions which are exerted when apc binds to epcr and proteolytic cleaves PAR-2 par the protein c system is physiologically important and genetic defects affecting the system are the most common risk factors of A-V thrombosis the proteins of the protein c system are composed of multiple domains and the dimensional structures of several of the proteins are known the molecular recognition of the protein c system is progressively being unraveled giving us new insights into this fascinating and intricate molecular scenario at the atomic level
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ulders before hips degrees angle p untrained participants yielded the reverse degrees angle in cw their nonpreferred turn whereas dancers maintained their trunk en bloc in the turn slow down in their PD all the participants adopted en bloc SMB to avoid imbalance dancers kept this pattern in ccw but UT participants separated shoulders and hips p on left sl degrees angle hips finished before shoulders and on RA sl degrees angle shoulders finished before hips both mental imagery styles and spatial context link reduction of shoulderhip angle and stability of sl daily expertise not only dance training facilitates the en bloc shoulderhip coordination to maintain equilibrium
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left VVI regional systolic motion was investigated in patients with right ventricular pressure overload and controls using tagged cine magnetic resonance imaging the regional shortening fraction was determined in four segments septal lateral inferior and anterior on the SA image an asynchrony index nonhomogeneity of regional shortening was calculated septal shortening in these patients was depressed and showed an inverse correlation with the righttoleft ventricular peak pressure ratio r p lateral shortening was greater in the patients than in the controls p the asynchrony index was significantly greater in the patients than in the controls p and correlated with the righttoleft systolic pressure ratio r p and the left ventricular enddiastolic pressure r p the altered distribution of regional circumferential shortening results in an increased heterogeneity of regional systolic motion these findings may have important implications for the assessment of VF in patients with RA VVI pressure overload
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pharmacotherapy directed toward reducing body weight may provide benefits for both curbing obesity and lowering the risk of obesityassociated comorbidities however many weight loss medications have been withdrawn from the market because of serious adverse effects examples include pulmonary hypertension aminorex cardiovascular toxicity eg flenfluramineinduced valvopathy stroke phenylpropanolamine ppa excess nonfatal cardiovascular events sibutramine and NP issues rimonabant approved in europe but not in the usa this negative experience has helped mould the current drug OD and approval process for new antiobesity drugs differences between the us food and drug administration fda and the EU medicines agency however in perceptions of riskbenefit considerations for individual drugs have resulted in discrepancies in approval andor withdrawal of weightreducing medications thus two drugs recently approved by the fda ie lorcaserin and phentermine TPM D2 release are not available in europe in contrast NAL sustained release srbupropion sr received fda approval and liraglutide mg was recently approved in both the usa and europe RII strategies adopted by the fda to manage the potential for uncommon but potentially serious postmarketing toxicity include i risk evaluation and mitigation strategy programmes ii stipulating postmarketing safety trials iii considering responder rates and limiting cumulative exposure by discontinuation if weight loss is not attained within a reasonable timeframe and iv requiring large cardiovascular outcome trials before or after approval we chronicle the adverse effects of antiobesity pharmacotherapy and consider how the PH of highprofile toxicity issues has shaped the current regulatory landscape for new and future weightreducing drugs
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differentiation between pancreatic carcinoma pc and massforming focal pancreatitis fp is invariably difficult for the differential diagnosis we qualitatively and quantitatively assessed the value of dynamic contrastenhanced mri dcemri and diffusionweighted imaging dwi in pc and fp in the present study this T0 included pc and fp patients with histological confirmation who underwent dcemri and dwi the timesignal intensity curve tic of pc and fp were classified into types according to the time of reaching the peak namely type i ii iii iv and v respectively and two subtypes namely subtypea washout type and subtypeb plateau type according to the part of the tic profile T3 the peak moreover the mean and relative apparent diffusion coefficient adc value between pc and fp on dwi were compared the type v tic was only recognized in pc group p type iv b were more frequently observed in pc p while type iia p type ia p in fp we also found a significant difference in the mean and relative adc value between pc and fp the combined image set of dcemri and dwi yielded an excellent sensitivity specificity and DA and the tic of dcemri and adc value of dwi for pancreatic mass were found to provide reliable information in differentiating pc from fp and the combination of dcemri and dwi can achieve a higher sensitivity specificity and DA
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polyhydroxyalkanoates phas production from low value substrates andor byproducts represents an economical and environmental promising alternative to established industrial manufacture methods biooil resulting from the fastpyrolysis of chicken beds was used as substrate to select a mixed microbial SC mmc able to produce pha under feastfamine conditions in this T0 a maximum pha content of gg cell dry weight was achieved in a sequencing batch reactor sbr operated for culture selection the pha obtained with biooil as a carbon source was a copolymer composed by of hydroxybutyrate hb and of hydroxyvalerate hv monomers similar results have been reported by other studies that use real complex substrates for culture selection indicating that biooil can be a promising feedstock to produce phas using mmc to the best of our knowledge this is the first T0 that demonstrated the use of biooil resulting from fast pyrolysis as a possibly feedstock to produce short chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates
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this is a retrospective cohort T0 to evaluate a novel group medical visit gmv program using an empowerment curriculum as treatment for pediatric obesity in a federally qualified community health center
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investigation of the role of stress in cocaine addiction has yielded an efficacious combination of metyrapone and OX hypothesized to decrease relapse to cocaine use by reducing stressinduced craving however recent data suggest an extraadrenal role for MET in mediating stress and addictionrelated behaviors the interactions between the physiological AS response and SA were characterized in rodents utilizing surgical adrenalectomy and pharmacological treatment male wistar rats were TR to selfadminister cocaine mgkginfusion and food pellets under a concurrent AC fixedratio schedule of reinforcement surgical removal of the adrenal PG resulted in a significant decrease in CS and a consequent increase in acth as expected however ADX did not significantly affect ongoing cocaine selfadministration pretreatment with MET oxazepam and their combinations in intact rats resulted in a significant decrease in cocainereinforced responses these same pharmacological treatments were still effective in reducing cocaine and foodreinforced responding in adrenalectomized rats the results of these experiments demonstrate that adrenallyderived steroids are not necessary to maintain cocainereinforced responding in cocaineexperienced rats these results also demonstrate that metyrapone may produce effects outside of the adrenal gland presumably in the CNS system to affect cocainerelated behaviors
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subanesthetic doses of nmda receptor antagonists induce positive negative and cognitive schizophrenialike PS in healthy humans and precipitate psychotic reactions in stabilized schizophrenic patients these findings suggest that defining neurobiologic effects induced by nmda antagonists could guide the formulation of experimental models relevant to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and antipsychotic drug action accordingly the effects of subanesthetic doses of the noncompetitive nmda antagonists ketamine and mk were examined on regional BB cdeoxyglucose dg uptake in rats the effects of these drugs were compared to those of amphetamine in order to assess the potential role of generalized behavioral arousal MA and dopamine PR in brain metabolic responses to the nmda antagonists subanesthetic doses of mk and ketamine induced MZ alterations in patterns of dg uptake the most pronounced increases in dg for both nmda antagonists were in the hippocampal formation and limbic cortical regions by contrast amphetamine treatment did not increase dg uptake in these regions in isocortical regions ketamine and mk reduced uptake in layers and creating a striking shift in the laminar DP of dg uptake in comparison to control conditions T3 amphetamine the fundamental laminar pattern of isocortical labeling was similar to salinetreated rats administration of ketamine and mk decreased dg uptake in the medial geniculate and VPI colliculus whereas amphetamine tended to increase uptake in these regions since ketamine induced similar effects on regional dg uptake as observed for the selective antagonists mk the effects of ketamine are likely related to nmda antagonistic properties of the drug the distinct differences in BB dg uptake induced by amphetamine and nmda antagonists indicate that generalized behavioral arousal and increased locomotor activity mediated by dopamine PR are not sufficient to account for the alterations in brain metabolic patterns induced by ketamine and mk thus the dramatic alteration in regional dg uptake induced by ketamine and mk reflects a state selectively induced by reduced nmda receptor function
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the whiterot fungus pleurotus eryngii f showed the capability to degrade a three fusedring aromatic hydrocarbons fluorene the elimination of fluorene through sorption was also investigated enzyme production is accompanied by an increase in biomass of p eryngii f during Kd process the fungus totally degraded fluorine within d at mg l solution fluorene degradation was affected with initial fluorene concentrations the highest CEA was shown by laccase in the mg l SC T3 d of incubation u l few activities of enzymes were observed in the fungal cell at the varying concentration of fluorene three metabolic were detected and separated in ethylacetate extract after isolated by column chromatography the metabolites fluorenone phthalic acid and benzoic acid were identified using uvvis spectrophotometer and gas chromatographymass spectrometry gcms the results show the presence of a complex mechanism for the regulation of fluorenedegrading enzymes
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purpose to evaluate the magnitude and anatomic extent of the artifacts introduced on positron emission tomographic petmagnetic resonance mr images by respiratory state mismatch in the attenuation map materials and methods the method was tested on patients referred for an oncologic examination who underwent petmr imaging the acquisition included standard pet and mr series for each patient and an additional attenuation correction series was acquired by using breath hold pet data were reconstructed with and without timeofflight tof information first by using the standard freebreathing attenuation map and then again by using the additional breathhold map twotailed paired t testing and LR with intercept was performed on tof versus nontof and freebreathing versus breathhold data for all detected lesions results fluorodeoxyglucoseavid lesions were found in eight of the patients included in the study the uptake differences maximum standardized uptake values between pet reconstructions with freebreathing versus BH attenuation ranged for nontof reconstructions from to the corresponding tof reconstructions yielded differences from to conclusion tof information was shown to reduce the artifacts caused at petmr by respiratory mismatch between emission and attenuation data
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a novel tecta mutation prc was found in a dutch family with nonsyndromic AD sensorineural hearing impairment in early life presumably congenital hearing impairment occurred in the MF range amounting to about db at khz ASR was good with all phoneme recognition scores exceeding an IN horizontal vestibuloocular reflex was found in four tested patients the missense mutation is located in the ZP zp domain of alphatectorin mutations affecting the zp domain of alphatectorin are significantly associated with midfrequency hearing impairment substitutions affecting other CAA residues than cysteines show a significant association with hearing impairment without progression indeed in the present family progression seemed to be absent in addition the presently identified mutation affecting the zp domain resulted in a substantially lesser degree of hearing impairment than was previously reported for dfna traits with mutations affecting the zp domain of alphatectorin
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dna sequence copy number changes were studied by comparative genomic hybridization cgh along all chromosomes in samples of malignant fibrous histiocytoma mfh the material consisted of primary tumors of myxoid and of storiformpleomorphic AT1 local recurrences myxoid and storiformpleomorphic and metastases myxoid and storiformpleomorphic genetic aberrations with a mean of changes per sample range to were detected in of samples the minimal common regions of the most frequent gains were p q ppter q and ppter highlevel amplifications were detected in of the samples highlevel amplification of qqter was seen in four PT other highlevel amplifications were more sporadic losses of dna sequences were less frequent than gains the minimal common regions of the most common losses were q and q statistically significant correlation was found between gain of q and the rates of worse metastasisfree survival p and overall survival p the gain of q retained its prognostic significance also in a multivariate analysis with tumor size and grade gain of p was associated with a trend to decreased overall survival gains of ppter and q and losses of q andor q did not have any prognostic value neither did the total number of aberrations total number of gains or total number of losses per sample
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tectal connections were studied in two urodele species following horseradish peroxidase i.v. into the tectum opticum in both species retrogradely labelled cells were observed ipsilaterally in the corpus striatum lateral amygdala ventral and dorsal thalamus and nucleus of darkschewitschbilaterally in the pretectal nucleus dorsal tegmentum and nucleus reticularis mediuscontralaterally in the tectum opticum and area octavo lateralis besides these nuclei the nucleus isthmi was bilaterally labelled rostral efferent projections of the tectum opticum terminated in the ipsilateral pretectal area and the ipsilateral dorsal and ventral TH ipsilaterally coursing to the CL tectum via the commissura postoptica caudal efferents formed the bilaterally organized tectobulbar tracts innervating the rhombencephalon comparison of the results of a series of tectal horseradish peroxidase injections differing in depth tangential extension and location indicated that tectal afferents from the TEL the CL tectum opticum and the medulla were sparse and widely branching projections of the telencephalon and all diencephalic nuclei terminated deep in the rostral tectum opticum projections of the medulla terminated preferentially deep in the caudal tectum opticum the tectoisthmic projection was highly topographic forming a layered terminal field lateral to the NI the isthmotectal projection innervated the whole tectum opticum on the ipsilateral side and was highly topographic on the CL side the caudal part of the tectum opticum was not innervated the isthmotectal fibers terminated superficially in the tectum opticum on both sides of the BB the nucleus isthmi identified here is proposed to be homologe to that of other vertebrates
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the risk of hereditary cutaneous malignant melanoma was evaluated in members of families with an AD form of melanoma we documented primary melanomas in family members including new melanomas diagnosed in T0 participants from the time of first examination through a maximum of years of followup the newly diagnosed melanomas occurred only in family members with dysplastic nevi a known precursor of familial melanoma of patients with DNS without prior melanomas developed their first melanoma during prospective followup as compared with cases expected the prospective ageadjusted incidence for melanoma was patients with dysplastic nevus per year with a cumulative melanoma risk se of at years the actuarial probability of melanoma developing in family members with dysplastic nevi was from age to age this T0 confirms that DN are clinical markers of high risk for and precursors of hereditary melanoma
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pyoderma gangrenosum pg is a rare ulcerative neutrophilic disorder of skin its pulmonary manifestations are uncommon and only less than forty cases have been reported in the literature previously pg is associated with VL systemic diseases most commonly inflammatory bowel disease and hematologic malignancies it reported rarely in rheumatoid ICA ra we report a case of pg lung involvement in patient with ra associated interstitial lung disease a yearold woman presented with productive cough and recurrent ulcerative lesion on her left ankle she had a year history of ra associated interstitial lung disease and treated with methotrexate sulfasalazine hydroxychloroquine and methylprednisolone on PCS examination there were a few tender erythematous subcutaneous nodules ranging from to cm in diameter on her left thigh and left elbow ANCAs ancas are negative her chest ct scan demonstrated multifocal cavitary consolidations on the BG of reticular opacity and honeycombing punch biopsy of erythematous nodule on thigh showed neutrophilic abscess with necrotic debris the s lowtomoderate exercise intensity recently it is becoming increasingly evident that circulating mirnas cmirnas may distinguish between specific stress signals imposed by variations in the duration modality and type of exercise the aim of this study is to investigate whether or not hiie is superior to vigorousintensity continuous exercise vice which is contributing to develop ERP fitness assessment twentysix young males were enrolled and plasma samples were collected prior to exercise and immediately after hiie or distancematched vice the mirna level profiles in hiie were initially determined using taqman low density array tlda and the differentially mirnas C2 were validated by stemloop quantitative reversetranscription pcr rtqpcr furthermore these selective cmirnas were measured for vice our results showed that some musclerelated mirnas levels in the plasma such as mir mira mirb and mir significantly increased following hiie or vice compared to those at rest p and there was only a significant reduction in mir level for hiie compared to vice p while no significant differences were observed for other musclerelated mirnas between both exercises p in addition some tissuerelated or unknown original mirna levels such as mirp mirp mira mirf mirf mir mir and mir also significantly increased p in both exercises compared to rest however no significant differences were found between both exercises p overall endurance exercise assessed in this study both led to significant increases in selective cmirnas of comparable magnitude suggesting that both types of endurance exercise have general AS processes accordingly the similar responses to both acute exercises likely indicate both exercises can be used interchangeably further work is needed to reveal the PET significance and signaling mechanisms behind changes in cmirna turnover during exercise
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the incidence of trichomoniasis trichomonas vaginalis in the united states is estimated at million cases annually CT CT trachomatis at million GC neisseria gonorrhoeae and syphilis treponema pallidum however most STIs stis are asymptomaticcontributing to underdiagnosis estimated at or more diagnosis of an sti signals sexual health risk because an sti facilitates the transmission and acquisition of other stis including HIV virus hiv in fact comorbid stis increase patients susceptibility of acquiring and transmitting hiv by two to fivefold several studies have shown that aggressive sti prevention testing and treatment reduces the transmission of hiv the authors discuss common clinical presentations screening diagnosis and treatment for trichomoniasis chlamydia gonorrhea syphilis and herpes simplex virus
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we address here by means of finiteelement computational modeling two features of heart mechanics and most importantly their timing relationship one of them is the ejected volume and the other is the twist of the HR the corner stone of our approach is to take the double helical muscle fiber band as the dominant AS macrostructure behind the pumping function we show that this double helical MM easily reproduces a physiological maximal ejection fraction of up to without exceeding the limit on local muscle fiber contraction of moreover a physiological ejection fraction can be achieved independently of the excitation DP the left VVI twist is also largely independent of the type of excitation however the physiological relationship between the ejection fraction and twist can only be reproduced with purkinjetype excitation schemes our results indicate that the proper timing coordination between twist and ejection dynamics can be reproduced only if the excitation front originates in the septum region near the apex this shows that the timing of the excitation is directly related to the productive pumping operation of the heart and illustrates the direction for possible bioinspired pump design
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EDD produced by applying acetylcholine ach to pial arterioles was unaffected T3 mo of a diet with zero VE or mo of a vitamin eenriched diet the EC diet did not affect constriction produced by topically applied ngmonomethyllarginine an inhibitor of the synthesis of endotheliumderived relaxing factor edrf edrf mediates the response to ach and is a basally released dilator and antiplatelet paracrine substance endothelial injury produced by a heliumneon laser and EB technique eliminates the response to ach but in vitamin eenriched mice the response to ach was unaffected by the injury more prolonged exposure of the laser induces PLT adhesionaggregation at the injured site a significantly longer exposure to the laser was required to initiate adhesionaggregation in vitamin eenriched mice because effects of EC damage in this MM are mediated at least in part by singlet oxygen produced by injured tissue wi rosenblum and gh nelson am j physiol HR circ physiol hh we conclude that the antioxidant radicalscavenging actions of vitamin e explain the protective action of the vitamin eenriched diet however raising vitamin e levels did not protect against putative adverse effects of normally occurring oxidants
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rats were fed a PF diet until of body weight was lost and then HS or CL ischemia was induced ALP sucrose gradients were used to analyze for breaks in dna whereas reversible shock caused no dna damage in five rats on the standard diet dna damage was found in ten animals subjected to severe shock in contrast ten rats on the proteinfree diet had no significant dna breakage even T3 severe shock diet also influenced postoperative survival ten of rats on the standarectable plasma avp and who had reduced but osmoregulated avp release standard WD tests confirmed cranial diabetes insipidus in all but patients who were diagnosed as partial NDI the remaining patients had normal osmoregulated avp secretion the cause of their polyuria was determined by their renal response to desmopressin two patients had NDI and had primary polydipsia the majority of polyuric patients could be accurately diagnosed by carefully performed dehydration tests we suggest that direct measurements of plasma avp during osmotic stimulation are only necessary to distinguish mild forms of cranial from nephrogenic diabetes or to define precisely the characteristics of avp secretion
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a series of novel nonpeptide cholecystokinina ccka antagonists have been synthesized designed on the basis of the structural homology between lorglumide and l as investigated with molecular modeling these compounds constitute a link between the nacylglutamic acid and aminophenylbenzodiazepinone derived antagonists the prepared EDC were tested in vitro as antagonists of the IB of hl and hccks to rat pancreas and guinea pig brain membranes respectively all EDC proved to be selective for the IP ccka receptor the most potent analogue having a ki value of nm the structureactivity profile of the series of hybrid EDC relates closest to that of the nacylglutamic acid derived antagonists
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a TPS inhibitor of fertilization of the sea urchin hemicentrotus pulcherrimus was isolated from the extract of the marine sponge jaspis species chemical and spectral data of the purified substance which was designated jaspisin showed that it is a novel substance with the structure of sodium edihydroxystyryl sulfate jaspisin at microgramsml inhibited exoplasmic fusion of the BPM of AR sperm with the plasma membrane of the egg it did not affect either the acrosome reaction in sperm or the egg CR both of which involve endoplasmic membrane F0 events when a fertilized egg was cultured in jaspisin the embryo developed through the mesenchymal blastula stage however it was unable to hatch from the fertilization envelope and spiculogenesis in which cellcell F0 of primary mesenchyme cells is involved was prevented jaspisin at microgramsml inhibited half the activity of hatching enzyme a kind of zndependent metalloendoproteinases because znactivated metalloendoproteinases are suggested to be involved in both spermegg F0 and F0 of primary mesenchyme cells lennarz wj and strittmatter wj biochim biophys acta one of the possible explanations of the jaspisin effects is that the sulfate inhibits these cellular events through blockage of znactivated metalloendoproteinases that are involved in membrane F0 processes
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this study presents data from the crossreactivity analysis of purified ciguatoxin ctx okadaic acid oa and the east sphere or fragment bc of oa with their rat antibodies monoclonal antibodies to ciguatoxin mabctx and okadaic acid maboa the test system used was the stick enzyme immunoassay mabctx gave peak titers of ng ng and ng respectively for ctx east sphere and oa competitive inhibition analysis showed that ng purified ctx blocked completely mabctx reaction with crude ctx oa and east sphere of oa blocked at similar concentrations approximately ng the activity with maboa in the homologous system with oa and east sphere was insignificant this may be attributable to the improper concentrations used the crossreactivity between mabctx with oa and its fragment bc may cause difficulty in the test system in its application to assess toxic fish due to CTX
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biopsy samples from patients with CL cirrhosis were investigated for changes in gastric mucosal energy metabolism and intracellular mucin content using high performance liquid chromatography and an image analysing system the test group consisted of eight noncirrhotic patients with endoscopically NM controls and eight cirrhotic patients with oesophageal varices the amount of atp energy charge level and intracellular mucin content were all significantly decreased in cirrhotic patients when compared with those of the controls the decrease in EC also correlated well with the decrease in intracellular mucin content in the GM the results indicate that gastric mucosal SE metabolism is impaired in cirrhotic patients concomitantly with a decrease in the intracellular mucin content in the gastric mucosa these changes may weaken defensive mechanisms against acid and nsaid resulting in gastric mucosal injury in cirrhotic patients
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parenteral glutamine application can stabilize intestinal permeability and mucosal integrity it is not known whether glutamine influences the MC in the large intestine this T0 thus employs intravital microscopy to investigate mucosal MC in the ascending and descending colon of spraguedawley rats with tnbs colitis the animals were randomized and treated with either saline solution placebo or glutamine verum in the severely inflamed descending colon tnbs colitis involves a significant capillary blood flow reduction that is not improved by glutamine application though the ascending colon shows only a mild inflammatory reaction its microcirculation is likewise significantly reduced here glutamine therapy is associated with an increase in capillary blood flow indicating that it has a protective effect on the microcirculation of the secondarily involved intestinal segment
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in yangon myanmar a human group b rotavirus was first detected in in a stool specimen from a sporadic case of acute gastroenteritis in an AD the strain was deee if their treatment is optimal as both type d and poor SQ of life have been associated with increased morbidity and mortality
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we developed a useful and preparative method based on highspeed countercurrent chromatography with mass spectrometry hscccms to purify gentamicin ca ca and c from standard powder the analytes were purified on the hsccc model ccc multilayer coil planet centrifuge with a volatile twophase solvent system composed of nbutanol aqueous ammonia solution vv and detected on an lcmsev quadrupole mass spectrometer fitted with an ESI esi source system in positive ionization following scan mode mz the hscccesims peaks indicated that gentamicin ca mz mh ca mz mh and c mz mh have the peak resolution values of and from mg of loaded gentamicin powder the hsccc yielded mg of gentamicin ca mg of gentamicin ca and mg of gentamicin c these purified substances were analyzed by lcms with scan positivemode based on the lcms chromatograms and spectra of the fractions analytes were estimated to be over pure these gentamicin isomers of ca ca and c were evaluated for their antibacterial MICs the overall results indicate that this RPA of hscccms is a powerful technique for the purification of gentamicin components
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basidiomycete pm a lignindegrading white rot fungus produces lgnin peroxidase lip and manganese peroxidase mnp in nutrient nitrogen limited liquid cultures this fungus was selected for its ability to decolorize azo group of dyes in order to improve production of the peroxidases and rapid dye decolorizing activity by basidiomycete pm the addition of veratryl alcohol or tween to nutrient nitrogen limited liquid cultures were tested it was found to have a large stimulatory effect on mnp activities and decolorization rate of azo dyes a maximum mnp MICs of ul with veratryl alcohol and ul with tween were achieved respectively these values were about fold and fold higher than that obtained in the control cultures without alcohol or tween whereas the levels of lip activity detected were very low about ulin all the cultures in further experiments using three kinds of azo dyes of CR orange g and orange iv enzyme MICs and dye decolorization were investigated in the abovementioned cultures the results showed that mnp MICs and decolorization were notably higher than those obtained in the control cultures in the presence of azo dyes cultures supplemented with tween were more adequate for dye decolorization the rates of the decolorization with tween of congo red orange g and orange iv after hours of dye incubation were higher than that supplemented with VA according to the results mnp activities secreted by basidiomycete pm play an essential role in the process of dye decolorization tween was the main factor affecting the decolorization the analysis of structure of the three kinds of azo dyes indicats that the extent of decolorization is affected by the dye molecular structure the types and quantity of the substituted groups on the aromatic ring of azo dyes have effect on the percentage of biological decolorization
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the sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma sef defined as an entity by meiskindblom et al in is now considered to be a variant of fibrosing fibrosarcomas it is a rare RT with an intermediate malignant potential leading to local recurrences in one third and to metastases in about of the cases we report six cases of this entity at the time of diagnosis two patients of our series already showed metastases in the lungs the tumors were located in the deep soft tissue and measured between and cm the histology is characterized by small epithelioid cells that are arranged individually or in cords and nests and set typically in a hyaline sclerotic matrix by immunohistochemistry all cases were vimentin positive however ema positive cells are also possible the differential diagnosis includes metastases of carcinoma benign and malignant soft tissue tumors the dpecific dnarecombination reaction to integrate and excise its genome a critical regulator of this process is the phageencoded excisionase xis protein which dramatically stimulates excision by orchestrating the assembly of a higher order nucleoprotein structure that excises the prophage the xis protein stabilizes this recombination intermediate by substantially altering the trajectory of viral dna and by cooperatively interacting with the Int int protein in an attempt to understand how xis controls the directionality of bacteriophage lambda recombination cocrystals of the dnabinding domain of xis in complex with its binding site within the parm of the phage have been obtained using the hangingdrop vapordiffusion method using sodium acetate as a precipitating reagent the xisdna complex crystallizes in space group c with unitcell parameters a b c a beta degrees these crystals diffract beyond a resolution and are well suited for structural analysis using xray crystallography
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significant tricuspid valve regurgitation tr occurs with other congenital HR defects typically after repair of rightsided obstructive lesions since we applied the de vega tricuspid annuloplasty technique for tr in children
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we studied inhibition of median nerve hreflex produced by radial nerve stimulation in both arms of patients with hand cramps and NV median nerve stimulation was delivered and msec before and and msec after radial nerve stimulation recordings were from surface electrodes positioned over flexor carpi radialis we identified three periods of attenuation of median nerve hreflex amplitude in the control group when radial nerve conditioning stimuli were delivered simultaneously and msec before MN test stimuli hreflex amplitude diminished to and in the patient group we also found three periods of attenuation at the same delays but the amount of attenuation was significantly less than in controls dividing the patients into two groups dystonic hand cramp and simple hand cramp both showed less inhibition than the control group but the abnormality was greater in the dystonic cramp group this test is the first to demonstrate physiologic disturbance in patients with hand cramps
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thirtyseven children and adolescents on renal replacement therapy on haemodialysis on CAPD and T3 renal transplantation were studied by echocardiography echodoppler and phonocardiography RA and left VVI rl v diastolic functions were measured by transmitral and transtricuspid flow E/A and by lv isovolumic relaxation time lvirt thirtyseven age and sexmatched healthy subjects served as controls rl v DD was only observed in the dialysis patients in these patients lvirt was prolonged lv and rv peak inflow E/A were increased both in early e and late a diastole with a reduction in the ea ratios this DP of diastolic dysfunction is compatible with the combined effects of a hypercirculatory state volume overload anaemia arteriovenous fistula and an abnormality of cardiac relaxation thth in vitro and in vivo the proteins bound to the membranes in the presence of metarhodopsin an antibody against mouse arrestin santigen crossreacted with the kda protein these results suggest that the IB of the proteins to the CM is caused by the formation of metarhodopsin and that the kda protein has a similar structure to arrestin
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human embryonic germ heg cell is a very important alternative CFU-S SC resource we describe the derivation of heg cells from human embryonic fetal gonads over weeks PC a C1 number of eglike cell clumps were obtained at passage and thus facilitated the following routine SC when the donor tissues were trypsinized with gentle pipetting and plated on feeder layer cells in the initial culture eight diploid heg cell lines have been cultivated in vitro for extended periods while maintaining expression of markers characteristic of CFU-S stem cells human eg cells expressed transcription factor oct a marker of pluripotency in mouse eg cells at a high and steady level expression of markers indicative of differentiation along the three germ lineages was also observed in ebs high level of alkaline phosphatase activity was shown in eg cells these encouraging findings provide a starting point for potential applicability of heg cells
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we describe a novel multicellular spheroid SC system that facilitates the easy preparation and culture of a spheroid microarray for the LTM of cellular activity a spheroid culture device with an array of pyramidlike microholes was constructed in a Si chip that was equipped with elastomeric microchannels a cell suspension was introduced via the microfluidic channel into the microstructure that comprised Si microholes and elastomeric microwells a single spheroid can be formed and localized precisely within each microstructure since the SC medium could be replaced via the microchannels a longterm SC of approximately weeks is available on the chip measurement of Al production in the hepatoma cell L1 hepg showed that the liverspecific functions were maintained for weeks based on the cellular respiratory activity the cellular viability of the spheroid array on the chip was evaluated using scanning electrochemical microscopy responses to four different chemical stimulations were simultaneously detected on the same chip thus demonstrating that each channel could be evaluated independently under various stimulation conditions our spheroid culture system facilitated the understanding of spheroid formation culture and viability assay on a single chip thus SF-36 as a useful drugscreening device for CA and liver cells
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the effects of the aminoglycoside antibiotics streptomycin neomycin and gentamicin were examined on perineural currents and evoked acetylcholine ach release at frog motor nerve endings in the standard solutions used previously to measure ca currents streptomycin reduced the MPA of the ca component of the perineural current in a solution in which changes in both ca currents and evoked ach release can be recorded simultaneously both ca currents and evoked ach PR were reduced by aminoglycosides in the potency order neomycin streptomycin gentamicin this potency CS is similar to that reported previously for these agents as inhibitors of neurallyevoked contractions of rat skeletal muscle these data suggest that the presynaptic inhibitory effects of aminoglycoside antibiotics at the NM junction occur as a consequence of a reduction in ca currents in the motor nerve terminal
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the primary pathway of lysine degradation in pigs presumably depends on the bifunctional protein αaminoadipate δsemialdehyde synthase aass which contains lysine αketoglutarate reductase lkr and saccharopine dehydrogenase sdh MICs in CL aass is restricted to the mitochondrial matrix and lysine is presumptively transported through the BPM by a cationic aa transporter cat and through the inner mitochondrial membrane by or both mitochondrial ornithine transporters orcorc lysyl oxidase lo may represent an AP of lysine oxidation the objective of this experiment was to analyze the distribution of indices of lysine catabolism in various pig tissues we assessed lkr sdh and lo MICs lysine oxidation mrna abundance of lkr cat and orc and aass protein abundance via sdh antibody in CL heart kidney medulla and SC triceps longissimus whole intestine enterocytes and intestine stripped of enterocytes in growing pigs weighing ⼠kg the lkr activity differed across tissues p and was greatest in CL intestine and kidney samples and lkr mrna abundance p was greatest in liver although lkr activity and mrna abundance were detected in all other tissues activity of sdh p and sdh mrna abundance p were affected by tissue and were greatest in liver compared with all other tissues analyzed the aass protein abundance p was greatest in whole intestine and liver activity of lo p was greatest in muscle samples the abundance of orc p and orc mrna p differed among tissues and orc was greatest in CL kidney and intestinal preparations and orc mrna abundance was greatest in CL and intestine interestingly lkr activity was correlated with orc r p and orc r p expression the expression of cat was uniform in all tissues whereas cat p was greatest in CL in conclusion these data indicate that extrahepatic tissues contribute to lysine catabolism as do enzymes other than lkr
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in plants the amino acid asparagine serves as an important nitrogen transport compound whose levels are dramatically regulated by CS in many plant species including arabidopsis thaliana to elucidate the mechanisms regulating the flux of assimilated nitrogen into asparagine we examined the regulation of the gene family for asparagine synthetase in arabidopsis in addition to the previously identified asn gene we identified a novel class of asparagine synthetase genes in arabidopsis asn and asn by functional complementation of a yeast asparagine auxotroph the proteins encoded by the asn cdnas contain a purf type glutaminebinding triad suggesting that they like asn encode glutaminedependent asparagine synthetase isoenzymes however the asn isoenzymes form a novel dendritic group with monocot as genes which is distinct from all other dicot as genes including arabidopsis asn in addition to these distinctions in sequence the asn and asn genes are reciprocally regulated by light and metabolites timecourse experiments reveal that light induces levels of asn mrna while it represses C2 of asn mrna in a kinetically reciprocal fashion moreover the levels of asn and asn mrna are also reciprocally regulated by carbon and nitrogen metabolites the distinct regulation of asn and asn genes combined with their distinct encoded isoenzymes suggest that they may play different roles in nitrogen metabolism as discussed in this paper
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we investigated whether dysfunction of p and EC participate in invasiveness and metastasis of human gastric carcinoma we examined twentyfive human gastric carcinomas for p ecadession have shown the entomotoxic effect of nictaba against lepidopteran larvae suggesting a role of the lectin in plant defense until now little is known with respect to the upstream RII mechanisms that are controlling the expression of inducible plant lectins using arabidopsis thaliana plants stably expressing a promoterβglucuronidase gus fusion construct it was shown that jasmonate treatment influenced the nictaba promoter activity a strong gus staining DP was detected in very young tissues the apical and root meristems the cotyledons and the first true leaves but the promoter activity decreased when plants were getting older nictaba was also expressed at low concentrations in tobacco roots and expression C2 increased T3 cold treatment the data presented confirm a jasmonatedependent response of the promoter CS of the tobacco lectin gene in arabidopsis these new jasmonateresponsive tobacco promoter sequences can be used as new tools in the study of jasmonate signalling related to plant development and defense
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to identify maternal risk factors for intrauterine transmission of cytomegalovirus cmv a casecontrol T0 of mothers of neonates with congenital cmv infection was undertaken cases and randomly selected controls delivered neonates between and in this interval neonates were routinely tested for viruria eightyfour percent of the study population was black and greater than received prenatal care women with gonorrhea trichomoniasis or bacterial vaginosis had an increased risk of intrauterine transmission of cmv as did those who were primigravid odds ratios women who were young unmarried and of lower income were almost four times more likely to deliver a cmvinfected newborn than were those who did not have all three of these factors these results in a predominantly black lowincome population indicate a greater risk for congto the phlegmasia caerulea dolens form of dvt while floating thrombus and ascending thrombus extending into the VC should be treated with a cava filter or ligation
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polyadenylation is an essential processing step for most eukaryotic mrnas in the nucleus PAP adds polya tails to mrna ends contributing to their export stability and translatability recently a novel class of noncanonical polya polymerases was discovered in yeast worms and vertebrates different members of the cid family named after its founding member in the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe are localized in the nucleus and the cytoplasm and are thought to target TPS rnas for polyadenylation polyadenylation of a target rna by a cidlike polya polymerase can lead to its degradation or stabilization depending on the enzyme involved cidlike proteins have important roles in diverse biological processes including rna surveillance pathways dna integrity checkpoint responses and rnaidependent heterochromatin formation
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in order to demonstrate the central projections of the different GCL classes in the albino rat retina horseradishperoxidase was injected into the superior colliculus cs and into the lateral geniculate nucleus cgl the T0 presents the following results a injection into the cs labelled cells are only in the contralateral retina topistically the retinocollicular projection is in good agreement with the findings of physiological methods the nasal half of the retina projects mainly to the posterior part and the superior half to the lataral part of the cs taking into consideration our cellsizeclassification among labelled cells we found of the small group micrometer soma diameter of the mediumsized micrometer and only of the large group micrometer the small cells wsystemproject mainly but not alone and not exclusively to the cs b i.t. into the cgl in the ipsilateral retina we found a few labelled cells in the superior temporal region contralateralas T3 csinjectiononly half of GCs is labelled the quantitative analysis of labelled cells indicates belong to hte small group to the mediumsized and to the large group there are fibers of all three classes but in the majority those of the mediumsized class terminating in the cgl it is discussed whether these results allow a comparison of the size classes with the w x and ysystem our findings show that there is no clear agreement between cellsize and projection site as demonstrated in cats there is a C1 overlapping of the cell classes with respect to their central projection we found that with increasing somadiameter the GCs project more and more to the cgl it is known that in the golgipicture cells with different soma diameter are of the same neuron type therefore a morphological comparison of the GCs of the rat with the w x and ysystem is only ingenious taking into consideration also the dendritic structure
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the L1 structural protein vp of porcine parvovirus ppv was used as the model parvovirus antigen which has been expressed in lactobacillus casei fusing with escherichia coli heatlabile enterotoxin b subunit ltb as mucosal adjuvant the vpltb dna fragment was cloned into vector ppg or ppg to generated inducible surfacedisplayed and secretion expression systems based on xylose promoter designated as rlcppgvpltb recombinant l casei and rlcppgvpltb respectively expression of the F0 protein was verified by sdspage western blot immunofluorescence and electron microscopy it was observed that the level of igg or siga from mice orally immunized with vpltb was higher than that from mice received vp and negative control which demonstrated significantly statistically different especially the titer of igg or siga in mice immunized with rlcppgvpltb is the highest in this study in summary ltb as mucosal adjuvant was able to effectively facilitate induction of mucosal and SVR immunity by l caseiexpressing vp FP
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to date left VVI diastolic CF can be clinically assessed by doppler echocardiography the doppler recording of mitral inflow and pulmonary venous flow provides main information about ventricular diastolic properties at the level of the mitral inflow we can measure the early diastolic PV e atrial peak velocity and derive their ratio the e velocity deceleration time and isovolumic EC50 time and calculate atrial filling fraction at the level of the pulmonary veins the peak systolic velocity s the peak diastolic velocity d the sd ratio the peak of reverse atrial velocity and its duration above all in terms of difference with the mitral a duration characterize the different patterns of diastolic CF also the new ultrasound technologies are clinically useful to define ventricular diastolic properties the myocardial Em em detectable by pulsed TD at the level of the mitral annulus and the flow propagation velocity vp recordable by color mmode of left VVI inflow both relatively preloadindependent are measurements related to tau the REF hemodynamic VL the eem and evp ratios provide accurate estimation of the changes in left VVI EDV pressure they allow us to distinguish the pseudonormal and restrictive patterns from the normal DP and are therefore alternative tools to valsalva maneuver of mitral inflow and pulmonary venous flow the predictive value of the pattern of abnormal EC50 grade i of diastolic dysfunction and both the reversible and irreversible restrictive patterns grade iii and iv respectively is now demonstrated and permits important prognostic stratification and AGA therapeutic management
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PD disease cad is a L1 cause of HF associated with LVSP dysfunction lvsd the prognosis of lvsd is significantly influenced by the etiology of HF and therefore differentiation of significant cad from other etiologies is important carotid intimamedia thickness imt and PI are useful predictors for cardiovascular events including stroke and cad the purpose of this T0 was to evaluate the predictive value of carotid imt and PI for the diagnosis of cad in lvsd patients
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results of examination of patients with various diseases copd bronchial asthma idiopathic interstitial pneumonia chronic HR failure obesity are presented they suggest qualitative and quantitative differences between dyspnea sensation that may be used for differential diagnostics of the above conditions
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a yearold woman was admitted to a hospital with complaints of back pain nausea and vomiting for days she underwent enhanced aortic computed tomography ct and was diagnosed with stanford type a acute aortic dissection then she was transferred to our hospital ct showed AD spreading from the ascending aorta up to the ABD aorta and an intimal tear located at the descending thoracic aorta although the false lumen of the ascending aorta was thrombosed emergency ascending aorta replacement and aortic VR were performed because PE and severe aortic regurgitation were found by echocardiography postoperative enhanced ct showed an intimal tear and residual flow in the false lumen from the distal arch to the descending aorta so an additional thoracic endovascular aortic repair tevar procedure was performed to close the entry tear days T3 the st T0 she uneventfully left our hospital on the th postoperative day
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eeg alpha coherence and slow alpha SP were recorded from FC and occipital derivations during relaxation or the transcendental meditation tm technique in fifteen subjects subjects were tested before and after a twoweek baseline period in which half practiced twice daily relaxation and half did not change their schedule all subjects were then instructed in the tm technique and retested after a twoweek period of twice daily practice of the technique during the first twoweek period there were no group differences or group by session interactions but there was a significant effect of repeated measurement indicating a decrease in occipital SP independent of group T3 the twoweek tm technique period subjects showed a significant increase in FC alpha coherence above a threshold FC alpha coherence was found to be a more CS discriminator of the tm technique than alpha SP which may clarify previously reported nonsignificant eeg differences between the tm technique and GA EC50
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acromegaly involves cardiovascular complications mostly due to the presence of hypertension diabetes and atherosclerosis however the appearance of cardiac decompensation and arrhythmias in the absence of predisposing AF tends to support the hypothesis of a TPS myocardiopathy caused by excess gh in order to assess the existence and course of subclinical cardiac alterations acromegaly patients were examined males and females aged with gh levels of ngml m cd x and no cardiovascular PS one of the patients had moderate hypertension and reduced gl tolerance the basal ecg showed sporadic ventricular extrasystoles in cases and alterations compatible with left VVI hypertrophy in another while the effort ecg produced an asymptomatic depression of the st segment in the hypertensive patient the chest xray was normal in all cases the echocardiography T0 investigated the thickness of the interventricular SP ivs mm the thickness of the posterior wall of the LV lpw mm the septumposterior wall ratio ivslpw the diastolic diameter dd mm the fraction of shortening fs the ejection fraction ef and revealed asymmetrical septal hypertrophy in cases CH in another two in two cases the dd and ef were distinctly altered the patients were reexamined years T3 surgical or radiation treatment gh C2 m sd ngml were normal in cases and still high though lower in another two the remaining two patients had BL gh C2 with high smc the ecg and chest xray were unchanged while echocardiography revealed a significant deterioration in HR CF as far as dd mm p less than were concerned with frankly pathological results in and cases respectively these data confirm the view that most acromegalic patients present subclinical abnormalities in cardiac CF and that the evolution of these is slightly influenced by the reduction in gh and smc levels in fact while the persistence of high gh and smc levels may explain the progression of cardiac alterations in some cases it does not in others it is also emphasised that echocardiography appears to be the most sensitive noninvasive technique for the diagnosis and followup of cardiac involvement in acromegaly
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transcranial doppler tcd recording was used to evaluate the mean flow velocity mfv and cerebrovascular reactivity to co in migraineurs during the interictal phase nine were affected by MA mwa and by migraine without aura mwoa during each session the M1 mca flow velocity was examined in basal conditions in hypocapnia after a min period of hyperventilation in basal conditions a second time and in hypercapnia T3 breathholding the same procedure was followed in a group of age and sexmatched volunteers recordings were performed before t during t and after t prophylactic treatment with flunarizine mgday for months to assess the possible effect of this drug on cerebral hemodynamics in basal condition increased mfv values were found in both mwa and mwoa patients in mwa patients the CR index ri to hypocapnia was significantly increased in t p this abnormal CVR disappeared during flunarizine treatment t and in the posttherapy period t
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the acute pulmonary and SVR haemodynamic response to low mgkg and high mgkg doses of intravenous hydralazine was evaluated in consecutive patients with severe pulmonary hypertension due to CP nine patients primary pulmonary hypertension patients or pulmonary embolism six patients hydralazine did not cause a significant NC in pulmonary arterial resistance or pressure in any group but produced a significant reduction in systemic resistance which correlated with plasma concentration and a significant increase in pulmonary blood PFI in all groups ten patients who experienced a reduction in PAR of at least u x m T3 administration of hydralazine had higher initial values for pulmonary arterial resistance and systemic resistance and a lower pulmonary BFI than those who did not respond maintenance oral hydralazine treatment during nine to months of follow up did not seem to affect symptoms or mortality these results indicate that hydralazine has limited value in acutely reducing pulmonary arterial pressure or affecting clinical outcome in patients with pulmonary hypertension
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this doubleblind crossover T0 was undertaken to assess the effect of systemically po metronidazole when used as an adjunct to periodontal surgery for the treatment of moderate and T3 periodontitis the effect of metronidazole was compared with that of placebo in patients undergoing modified widman flap procedures in two Az of the same jaw which could be matched for type of tooth and severity of the periodontal disease clinical and microbiological parameters were examined prior to surgery and then days month and to months postoperatively the clinical parameters recorded were pocket depth pd sulcus one index sbi probing att level pal and patients preference and pain score subgingival PI samples were studied with darkfield microscopy for differential bacterial count pocket depths and sbis were reduced significantly at all stages in both CG probing attachment levels increased at days to significant C2 only in the metronidazole group subsequently pals decreased in both CG with no significant differences between the CG although the differential bacterial count altered markedly in both groups at all times only the straight rod count at month was significantly p less than lower in the metronidazole group metronidazole with surgery did not exert a significantly greater beneficial effect than placebo with surgery
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this paper reviews a series of experiments regarding the influence of BC and dietary SE supply on reproductive processes in the female mink the reporting is based on sets of reproductive performance data and on data regarding number of corpora lutea implantation rate plasma progesterone and oestradiol luteinizing hormone lh release and ovulation rate and the early OD of the fertilized ova generally treatment effects were more pronounced in yearling females than in adults furthermore adults responded less to varied energy supply by changes in body weight a weight reduction of g during the winter resulted in poor reproductive performance in yearling females a longterm T0 indicated better reproductive longevity for females on a LI feeding regimen whereas females on a highintensity FF regimen tended to have larger litters until years of age nutritional flushing was carried out by a week period of moderate energy restriction followed by FF ad libitum from days before initiation of matings until matings were completed for the individual females mainly in yearlings but also in adults litter sizes were improved for females with a first mating early in the breeding season which was confirmed by an increased number of corpora lutea the interval between the first recorded increase in plasma progesterone and the day of the peak progesterone concentration was decreased plasma oestradiol concentrations were higher in flushfed females agedependent differences in the appearance of the profiles were also found lh PR tended to be more synchronized and distinct in flushfed femalesabstract truncated at words
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in a survey of the literature the teratogenic effects of radiation and some drugs are discussed teratogenicity is proved for thalidomide aminopterin busulfan cyclophosphamide chlorambucil mercaptopurin and diphenylhydantoin trimethadione and warfarin T3 the thalidomidetragedy druginduced malformations of the embryo are extremely rare whereas malformations due to alcohol are rather frequent own experiences with more than patients with alcoholembryopathy are reported nicotin seems not to be teratogenic but due to nicotin the perinatal mortality is elevated the questionable teratogenic effects of heroin and lsd are discussed
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when given beyond h of stroke onset tissue plasminogen activator tpa induces deleterious side effects in the ischemic BB notably hemorrhagic transformation ht we examined the tau of granulocytecolony MSF gcsf in reducing delayed tpainduced ht CBF infarction and neurological deficits in a thromboembolic te stroke MM and whether the effects of gcsf were sustained for longer periods of recovery after stroke induction rats were given intravenous saline control tpa mgkg or gcsf μgkg tpa h after stroke we found that gcsf reduced delayed tpaassociated ht by decreased infarct volumes by and improved motor and neurological deficits by and respectively it also prevented delayed tpa treatmentinduced mortality by immunohistochemistry showed and fold enrichment of the endothelial progenitor cell epc markers cd and vegfr in the ischemic SC and striatum respectively and and fold increases in the expression of the vasculogenesis marker von willebrand factor vwf in the ICM SC and striatum respectively in gcsftreated rats compared with tpatreated animals flow cytometry revealed increased mobilization of cd cells in the peripheral blood of rats given gcsf these results corroborate the tau of gcsf in enhancing the therapeutic time window of tpa for stroke treatment via epc mobilization and enhancement of vasculogenesis
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despite the fact that soft tissue sarcomas are representing a rare RT entity with a low incidence rate of about per per year they highly require a multimodality therapeutic approach based on a REF pathology a complete surgical resection is the first treatment goal after accomplished r resection the LR rate can be further decreased by an adjuvant radiotherapy for primarily irresectable or only partially respectable PT a neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with regional hyperthermia should be considered patients with metastasized soft tissue sarcomas should receive an anthracyclinbased chemotherapy in a palliative intention prognostically more favorable are gastrointestinal stroma RT also in advanced stages with metastases since the IMT kinase inhibitors imatinib and sunitinib can induce durable remissions
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a doubleblind study comparing parenteral morphine mg with parenteral placebo and with oral fenoprofen mg for the relief of postoperative pain following outpatient surgery was undertaken in patients the study drugs were administered within hours of the operation and the visual analogue scale was used to assess PI patients given placebos showed minimal change in mean PI whereas patients who received morphine had significantly less pain at all assessment periods pain relief in patients who received fenoprofen was for the first hours better than following placebo but not as good as following morphine but thereafter there was no significant difference between the morphine and fenoprofen and both were significantly better than PL it is concluded that oral analgesics may be a useful alternative to the traditional parenteral analgesics for OP surgery
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the major PET pool of lipoprotein lipase lpl that hydrolyzes triglycerides in circulating lipoproteins is located on the V1 endothelium the macrophagesecreted cytokine TN factor tnf a molecule known to affect endothelial cell functions was used to test the hypothesis that alterations of EC cell metabolism regulate the binding of lpl to these cells tnf addition induced rapid maximum PR at T2 dissociation of lpl protein and activity from its binding sites on cultured porcine aortic endothelial cells lpl PR by tnf required EC cell metabolic events which involved cell secretion in addition lpl PR was inhibited by pertussis toxin suggesting the involvement of guanine nucleotide RII proteins addition of AA a molecule known to be released by EC cells due to phospholipase a activation by tnf treatment released lpl from the cell surface furthermore direct modulation of cellular phospholipase a activity also led to changes in the PR of lpl our studies demonstrate that alterations in the cellular metabolism of endothelial cells for example by tnf may release functional pools of lpl from the V1 EC this decrease in lpl on endothelial cell surfaces might be involved in the development of hypertriglyceridemia and redirection of energy flow during infections and inflammation
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