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the usefulness of computed tomography ct was assessed in consecutive patients with a clinically definite first stroke from a community stroke register ct detected five nonstroke lesions two CBF gliomas one cerebral metastasis and two subdural haematomas a frequency of five patients were identified with cerebellar haemorrhage but only one survived long enough to have a ct scan ct was useful in excluding intracranial haemorrhage as the cause of the stroke in four patients receiving anticoagulants and seven receiving antiplatelet treatment it showed ICH in one patient taking aspirin forty six patients were in atrial fibrillation at the time of their stroke four had intracranial haemorrhages and three had haemorrhagic CBF infarcts nineteen patients with presumed ischaemic minor stroke were considered suitable for CE ct showed small haemorrhages in two the ct scan provides very useful information in a minority up to of patients with first stroke who can be selected on quite simple criteria a doubt usually because of an inadequate history whether the patient has stroke or a treatable intracranial lesion b the possibility of cerebellar haemorrhage or infarction c the exclusion of intracranial haemorrhage in patients who either are already taking or likely to need antihaemostatic drugs or are being considered for carotid endarterectomy d if the patient deteriorates in a fashion atypical of stroke
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lyme disease is a vectorborne multisystem inflammatory disease caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato this disease is frequently seen in north america and to a lesser degree in europe however its presence in england is uncommon and we present a case in which the patient developed a palsy of the common peroneal nerve
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a case of philadelphia negative CGL phcgl is described showing features only previously demonstrated in ph disease these features include lymphoid blast crisis determined by morphology and immunological marker analysis dual blast cell populations that can be distinguished both morphologically and by immunological markers clonal evolution as shown by the emergence of chromosome markers and in one of the cell lines a NC in membrane phenotype these changes were apparently associated with the emergence of a relatively drug resistant subclone of leukaemic cells this T0 demonstrates that the lymphoid BC of cgl and its sequelae can occur in ph cases it is similar in respect to morphology enzyme and membrane markers and responsiveness to vincristine and prednisolone therapy to the lymphoid blast crisis seen in ph cgl this suggests that the philadelphia chromosome is a clonal marker only and its presence is not directly related to the subsequent clinical course of the disease
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the t thomsenfriedenreich antigen and its F0 the tn antigen are complex mucintype carbohydrate antigens the expression of which seems to be correlated with prognosis in some human cancers we studied comparatively the immunohistochemical expression of these antigens in a series of primary and locally recurring SCCs developing in the skin of IS organtransplanted patients tumours were completely unreactive for both antigens among the remaining cases of recurring and of primary tumours showed a higher expression of the precursor tn antigen as compared with the t antigen since recurring tumours are more likely to spread metastatically our results upheld the contention that a higher expression of the tn antigen is correlated with a more aggressive course of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas
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as the brain matures its responses become optimized behavioral measures show this through improved accuracy and decreased trialtotrial variability the question remains whether the supporting BB dynamics show a similar decrease in variability we examined the relation between variability in single trial evoked EA of the BB measured with eeg and performance of a face memory task in children y and young adults y behaviorally children showed slower more VL response times rt and less accurate recognition than adults however brain signal variability increased with age and showed strong negative correlations with intrasubject rt R2 and positive correlations with accuracy thus maturation appears to lead to a BB with greater functional R2 which is indicative of enhanced neural complexity this variability may reflect a broader repertoire of metastable BB states and more fluid EMT among them that enable optimum responses our results suggest that the momenttomoment R2 in brain activity may be a critical index of the cognitive capacity of the BB
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to evaluate the completeness of exercise prescription in RCT rcts for patellofemoral pain pfp identify which elements are most frequently missing and supplement recommendations based on additional data from authors
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absolute cortisol production was estimated from the urinary excretion of tetrahydro metabolites of cortisol in healthy women varying in weight from below to above desirable weight and in healthy men varying in weight from below to above desirable weight and was measured by ID T3 c tracers in of the women and of the men the relationship of both parameters to urinary creatinine excretion as a measure of lean body mass and to percent deviation from desirable weight relative weight was determined both absolute cortisol production and urinary creatinine excretion showed a significant positive linear correlation with RW in the men and women but cortisol productiong urinary creatinine excretion by isotope dilution or by tetrahydro metabolite excretion was weightinvariant in both sexes the geometric mean of cortisol productiong creatinine was mgg in men and mgg in women the difference was not statistically significant the geometric mean of tetrahydro metabolite excretiong creatinine was mgg in men and mgg in women the difference was notatory to distinguish this lesion from other solid renal lesions finally because of its slowgrowing nature seemingly wellencapsulated appearance and apparently more favorable biologic prognosis these patients conceivably might be treated with less RS in selected instances as demonstrated by one of our patients case enucleation is a reasonable alternative particularly in patients with a solitary kidney with compromised renal CF or in patients medically incapable of withstanding radical surgery
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diabetes mellitus itself can cause systolic and diastolic dysfunctions of the LV in the absence of AS coronary artery disease effects of coronary bypass surgery on the left ventricular functions of type ii diabetic patients having atherosclerotic PD disease were investigated fortyeight type ii diabetic and nondiabetic multivessel PD disease patients who had no differences in age sex drugs used number of revascularized arteries and aortic crossclamp time were included in the study doppler echocardiographic examinations before and months after operations were made and early diastolic flow e atrial contraction a deceleration dt and isovolumetric relaxation time ivrt ea ratio and systolic parameters like EDV volume endsystolic volume stroke volume and left VVI ejection fraction lvef were measured in CS preoperative and postoperative echocardiographic measurements were compared in the same group and between groups by paired t and students t tests respectively p was accepted as statistically significant e a ea dt ivrt and lvef were significantly improved after coronary bypass surgery in groups i p p p p p p and ii p p p p p p statistical comparison of values between CG showed better recovery in diastolic and systolic functions of diabetic and nondiabetic patients respectively it was concluded that type ii diabetic coronary patients by time could gain as much as the same benefit from coronary bypass surgery that nondiabetic patients had
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imbalance in the n PUFA fatty acids pufa and n pufa in the western diet may increase the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease nafld this T0 investigates the impact of substitution of LA with αlinolenic acid ala or long chain lc n pufa and hence decreasing nn fatty acid ratio on high fat high fructose hfhf diet induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis nash SD rats were divided into four groups and fed control diet hfhf diet nn ratio of hfhf diet with ala nn ratio of or hfhf diet with lc n pufa nn ratio of for weeks rats fed hfhf diet with nn ratio of resulted in hepatic steatosis induced gl intolerance insulin resistance and oxidative stress accompanied by increase in markers of inflammation plasma lipids and aminotransferase levels histopathological examination of liver further confirmed the establishment of nash ala and lc n pufa supplementation prevented hepatic steatosis and dyslipidemia by inhibiting lipogenesis and increasing insulin sensitivity furthermore n pufa supplementation att hepatic oxidative stress by restoring antioxidant status decreased inflammation and preserved hepatic architecture these finding suggest that decreasing nn ratio prevented hfhf induced nash by attenuating oxidative AS and inflammation
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we have identified a previously unreported dnabinding protein hsnf which interacts with a conserved sequence within hypersensitive site ii hs of the human betaglobin locus control region a minimal dna recognition CS of tgttctca was defined the binding site for hsnf overlaps an e box which is a preferred recognition site in vitro for the erythroidspecific transcription factor tal scl no evidence for tal scl IB was found using nuclear extracts from k and mel EL cells mutations that prevent hsnf IB reduce the enhancer activity of hs by and in transient and SD transfection assays respectively analytical GF and velocity centrifugation studies revealed a stokes radius of a and an sw of for hsnf based on these parameters a native molecular mass of da was calculated an ultraviolet CS crosslinking CA was used to crosslink hsnf to a minimal oligonucleotide the crosslinking results are consistent with a protein of da we propose that hsnf is a novel dnabinding protein that modulates the transcriptional activation property of the betaglobin locus control region
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in an effort to devise strategies for overcoming bacterial betalactamases we studied ln a alkylidenesubstituted penicillin sulfone inhibitor by possessing a catecholic functionality that resembles a natural bacterial siderophore ln is unique among betalactamase inhibitors ln combined with piperacillin was more potent against escherichia coli dhb strains bearing blashv extendedspectrum and inhibitorresistant betalactamases than an equivalent amount of tazobactam and piperacillin in addition ln significantly enhanced the activity of ceftazidime and cefpirome against extendedspectrum cephalosporin and sme containing carbapenemresistant clinical strains ln inhibited shv and shv betalactamases with nm affinity ki and nm respectively when ln inactivated shv betalactamases a single intermediate was detected by mass spectrometry the crystal structure of ln in complex with shv was determined at a resolution interestingly this novel inhibitor forms a bicyclic aromatic intermediate with its carbonyl oxygen pointing out of the oxyanion hole and forming hydrogen bonds with lys and ser in the active site electron density for the tail of ln is less ordered and modeled in two conformations both conformations have the ln carboxyl group interacting with arg yet the remaining tails of the two conformations diverge the observed presence of the bicyclic aromatic intermediate with its carbonyl oxygen positioned outside of the oxyanion hole provides a rationale for the stability of this inhibitory intermediate the substituted penicillin sulfone ln is proving to be an important lead compound for novel betalactamase inhibitor design
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starter feeding experiments of broiler chicks with raw grass pea lathyrus sativus l supplemented with different levels of dlmethionine were undertaken for weeks to assess the toxicity of grass peabased feed and to correlate it with neurological symptoms four hundred fifty dayold broiler chicks were divided into two CG and were given formulations containing ration i or ration ii grass pea respectively each ration included controls and treatments with added methionine of four different concentrations FI weight gain and feed conversion efficiency fce were much higher in ration i than in ration ii and these parameters significantly improved by addition of Met in both rations significant increase of neurological signs with higher grass pea intake and significant reduction of acute neurological signs with addition of methionine were observed tolerance for grass pea was enhanced with increasing methionine in the diet and with age despite a similarity in the initial intake a significant p increase in the final feed NI by the chicks with Met addition was found in both rations these results suggest that methionine can improve a grass peabased diet for broiler chicks and especially can protect young chicks from neurological symptoms
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in this study five different oil based adjuvants were compared to assess tau and SE mice were injected subcutaneously sc or intraperitoneally ip with a weak immunogen synthetic peptide emulsified in freunds adjuvant fa specol ribi titermax or montanide isa efficacy of adjuvants was evaluated based on their properties to induce peptide specific igg igga and total EA native protein crossreactive antibodies and cytokine production SE were evaluated based on clinical and behavioural CA and histopathological changes although marked differences in isotype profile and height of titre are observed among the different adjuvants used we found that fa montanide isa and specol worked equally well in the sc and ip route titermax functioned only when given ip and ribi also did not perform up to par the number of cytokine interferongamma and interleukin producing SP cells was significantly higher T3 i.t. of ribi compared with other adjuvants i.t. of fa or titermax resulted in severe pathological changes while T3 ribi injection minimal changes were observed in conclusion high peptide specific antibody levels with limited SE can be obtained by sc injection of peptide combined with montanide isa or specol as alternatives to fa
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human washed platelets were eluted from columns of sepharose b linked to different preparations of collagen in order to evaluate cell adhesion collagen S9 characterized by low and high affinity toward platelets were identified in our experiments fibronectin purified from human plasma modified platelet adhesiveness though not dramatically when WP resuspended in a buffer containing fibronectin were filtered on a lowaffinity collagensepharose a significant increase in their adhesion occurred a similar modification could be observed when platelets were allowed to adhere to the same collagensepharose preconditioned with fibronectin the effect of fibronectin was otherwise negligible when the highaffinity collagen was used for the experiments
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to detect rare epigenetic effects associated with assisted reproduction it is necessary to monitor methylation patterns of developmentally important genes in a few germ cells and individual embryos bisulfite treatment degrades dna and reduces its complexity rendering methylation analysis from small amounts of dna extremely challenging here we describe a simple RPA that allows determining the parentspecific methylation patterns of multiple genes in individual early embryos limiting dilution ld of bisulfitetreated dna is combined with independent multiplex pcrs of single dna target molecules to avoid amplification bias using this approach we compared the methylation status of three imprinted h snrpn and igfr and one pluripotencyrelated gene oct in three different groups of single mouse twocell embryos standard in vitro fertilization of superovulated oocytes and the use of in vitro matured oocytes were not associated with significantly increased rates of stochastic single cpg methylation PE and epimutations S2 methylation PE when compared with the in vivo produced controls similarly we compared the methylation patterns of two imprinted genes h and snrpn in individual mouse cell embryos produced in vivo from superovulated and nonsuperovulated oocytes and did not observe major betweengroup differences using bovine oocytes and polar bodies as a model we demonstrate that ld even allows the methylation analysis of multiple genes in single cells
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does the manipulation of the heart during offpump coronary artery bypass opcab procedure further compromise the hemodynamic stability of a patient with depressed left ventricular CF compared with the conventional PD bypass ccab approach does this manipulation induce a more dramatic hypoperfused state that may contribute to an increase in the incidence of related complications or mortality this retrospective review of data attempted to answer the above concern
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in previous studies the later parts of the electrically evoked r blink reflex has been found to be more susceptible to the GABA effects of repetitive stimulation and prepulses consequently it has been suggested that the r reflex may be composed of distinct subcomponents however as of yet no T0 revealed electromyographical evidence for this hypothesis probably due to a putative temporal overlap that makes it difficult to clearly separate distinct r subcomponents in the present T0 we investigated the electrically evoked blink reflex in healthy volunteers by using the paradigm of selfstimulation which has been found to inhibit the r and may thus help to differentiate putative r subcomponents in most of the participants selfstimulation resulted in inhibition of the reflex involving predominantly later sections of r in addition in three subjects it was possible to clearly separate distinct r subcomponents these findings suggest that the electrically elicited r blink reflexlike the acoustic blink responseconsists of superimposed distinct subcomponents based on their differential modulation evoked by habituation prestimulation and selfelicitation it is hypothesized that the early portions of the r represent the electrically evoked BR whereas the later sections belong to the generalized startle reaction in man however due to their temporal overlap a differentiation might not be possible in conventional recordings
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membranous glomerulonephritis is known to be associated with HM a yearold man with a PH of chronic RI secondary to yearold membranous glomerulonephritis was operated on for an infrarenal aneurysm during surgical MI multiple nodular liver lesions were detected histologic examination of these lesions showed metastases of a carcinoid RT despite extensive examination the primary RT site could not be detected the patient remained asymptomatic years postoperatively without any treatment for carcinoid tumor this clinical report is the second case of a MGN associated with a carcinoid tumor whether the association is merely a coincidence or a real malignancyrelated glomerulopathy remains unclear because survival of years T3 the onset of PS of carcinoid tumor has occurred it is possible that our patient already had an asymptomatic carcinoid tumor at the time the diagnosis of MGN was made comparison with other paraneoplastic glomerulonephritis as well as diagnosis of a carcinoid RT in RI are discussed
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cognitive abilities such as WM wm capacity decrease with age to determine the neurophysiological correlates of agerelated reduction in WM capacity we studied young subjects years of age mean age and twelve older subjects years of age mean age with whole BB blood oxygenationlevel dependent bold fmri on a t ge mr scanner using a spiral flash PP sequence te ms tr ms fa degrees voxel dimensions mm subjects performed a modified version of the n back working SM task at different levels of increasing working memory load back back and back older subjects performed as well as the younger subjects at back p but performed worse than the younger subjects at back p and back p older subjects had significantly longer reaction time rt than younger subjects p at all levels of task difficulty image analysis using spm revealed a similar CSD of cortical activity between younger and older subjects at all task levels however an analysis of variance revealed a significant group x task interaction in the prefrontal SC bilaterally within working memory capacity as in back when the older subjects performed as well as the younger subjects they showed greater prefrontal cortical ba activity bilaterally at higher WM loads however when they performed worse then the younger subjects the older subjects showed relatively reduced activity in these prefrontal regions these data suggest that within capacity compensatory mechanisms such as additional prefrontal cortical activity are called upon to maintain proficiency in task performance as cognitive demand increases however they are pushed past a threshold beyond which physiological compensation cannot be made and a decline in performance occurs
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a sensitive and specific liquid chromatographic method coupled with MS/MS spectrometric detection was set up and fully validated for the simultaneous quantification of vinflunine vfl and its pharmacologically active metabolite odeacetyl vinflunine dvfl the two EDC as well as vinblastine used as internal standard were deproteinised from blood and faeces analysed on a cyano type column and detected on a micromass quattro ii system in the positive ion mode T3 ionisation using an electrospray ion source in blood linearity was assessed up to ngml for vinflunine and ngml for odeacetyl vinflunine the lower limit of quantification was validated at pgml for both compounds in other biological media the linearity was assessed within the same range the limit of quantification was adjusted according to the expected concentration C2 of each compound this method was first developed in order to identify the structures and to elucidate the metabolic pathway of vinflunine thanks to its high sensitivity and specificity the method has enabled the quantification of vinflunine and odeacetyl vinflunine in blood at trace levels and xtileprinting wastewater treatment plant and the CS was identified and characterized this strain was identified as citrobacter sp according to its morphological physiobiochemical characteristics and analysis of its s rdna and betalactamase gene sequence studies showed that strain azor was able to reduce various azo dyes with several organic substances and h as electron donor and the electrons for azoreduction came from primary electron donor the azoreduction by strain azor was inhibited strongly by o the enzyme system for azoreduction of CS azor was located on cellular membrane suggesting that the microbial azoreduction is linked to electron transport chain azoreduction by CS azor was occurred in the range of alkaline ph at the temperature range degrees c with optimum ph and degrees c azoreducing citrobacter bacterium may play important roles in bioremediation of the environment contaminated by azo dyes and in the decolorization of textileprinting wastewater
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the purpose of this T0 was to extend the release of theophylline using eudragit® rs and eudragit® rspo as carriers solid dispersions of theophylline were prepared by the solvent evaporation technique using eudragit® rs eudragit® rspo and their blend in various drug CP ratios the prepared solid dispersions were characterized with respect to entrapment efficiency solubility and REC yield in vitro drug release of theophylline from the solid dispersions was evaluated in simulated gastric fluid sgf and simulated intestinal fluid sif without enzymes solubility studies demonstrated a decrease in the solubility of the drug from the solid dispersions the solubilities of pure drug and solid dispersions were lowered in sgf compared to sif solid dispersions prepared with eudragit® rs entrapped a greater amount of theophylline in comparison to those with eudragit® rspo or the polymer blends and were able to extend the release of theophylline over hrs formulation sd released of the drug in sif and in sgf hence it was selected as the optimized formulation because it was able to extend the PR of theophylline over hrskey words solid dispersion D2 PR eudragit® drug PR
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glial cell linederived neurotrophic factor gdnf is the prototypical member of a growth factor family that signals via the cognate receptors ret and gdnfreceptor alpha the latter receptors are expressed on a variety of neurons that project into the spinal cord including supraspinal neurons dorsal root ganglia and local SN although effects of gdnf on neuronal survival in the brain have previously been reported gdnf effects on injured axons of the adult spinal cord have not been investigated using an ex vivo gene delivery approach that provides both trophic support and a cellular substrate for axonal growth we implanted primary fibroblasts genetically modified to secrete gdnf into CR and partial midthoracic spinal cord transection CS compared to recipients of control grafts expressing a reporter gene gdnfexpressing grafts promoted significant regeneration of several spinal systems including dorsal column sensory regionally projecting propriospinal and local motor axons local gdnf expression also induced schwann cell migration to the lesion site leading to remyelination of reg axons thus gdnf exerts tropic effects on adult spinal axons and SCs that contribute to axon growth after injury
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fourteen strains of hyperthermophilic organotrophic anaerobic marine archaea were isolated from shallow water and deepsea hot vents and four of them were characterized these isolates eight previously published strains and six type strains of species of the order thermococcales were selected for the T0 of cell wall components by means of thin sectioning or freezeetching electron microscopy the cell envelopes of most isolates were shown to consist of regularly arrayed surface protein layers either single or double with hexagonal lattice p symmetry as the exclusive constituents outside the CM the slayers studied differed in centertocenter spacing and molecular mass of the constituent protein subunits polyclonal antisera raised against the cells of species were found to be speciesspecific and allowed new isolates from shallow water hot vents to be identified as representatives of the species thermococcus litoralis thermococcus stetteri thermococcus chitonophagus and thermococcus pacificus of the deepsea isolates only was identified as a t litoralis strain thus hyperthermophilic marine organotrophic isolates obtained from deepsea hot vents showed greater diversity with regard to their slayer proteins than shallow water isolates
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to date GA has been suggested as the preferred RPA for implantation of a subcutaneous implantable cardioverterdefibrillator sicd the purpose of this study was to assess the use of monitored anesthesia care mac for sicd implantation the goals were to assess adequate sedation and analgesia tau endpoints and major perioperative airway or hemodynamic compromise safety endpoints the authors hypothesized that mac may provide adequate sedation and analgesia and no major perioperative airway or hemodynamic compromise during sicd implantation and multiple defibrillation threshold dft testing
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monoclonal antibodies of igm class TPS to idazn were used for evaluating their zn binding efficiency in the presence of trace metal ions such as cr cr cu and cd in the present work antibody raised against the hapten idaznii was preincubated with different metal ions and the IB capacity to the specific hapten was tested using elisa and immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography imac techniques imac was carried out with the free antibody and antibody preincubated with selected heavy metal ions using sepharose idazn column and the same samples were tested using a hapten TPS elisa with nonprotein hapten carrier different effects were observed T3 preincubation with metal ions cr exhibited synergistic IB where as antagonism was detected with cd the synergistic effect observed with cr suggests involvement of binding CS other than that of zinc and conformational changes that result from cr IB it is probable that this binding event also increases the accessibility of the zinc binding CS on igm on the same lines the antagonism observed with cd could be attributed to structural changes resulting in reduced accessibility to zinc IB CS in case of cr no appreciable change in IB to idazn was observed while cu showed competitive IB
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cholelithiasis is the most common cause of AP accounting of cases around of patients suffer a severe attack with high morbidity and mortality rates as far as treatment is concerned the optimum method of late management of patients with severe acute biliary one is still contentious and the main question is over the correct timing of every MI patients after recovering from an acute episode of severe biliary pancreatitis can be offered alternative options in their management including cholecystectomy endoscopic VA cholangiopancreatography ercp and sphincterotomy or no definitive treatment delaying cholecystectomy until after resolution of the inflammatory process usually not earlier than wk T3 onset of acute pancreatitis seems to be a safe policy ercp and sphincterotomy on index admission prevent recurrent episodes of pancreatitis until cholecystectomy is performed but if used for definitive treatment they can be a valuable tool for patients unfit for surgery some patients who survive severe biliary one may develop pseudocysts or walledoff necrosis management of pseudocysts with minimally invasive techniques if not therapeutic can be used as a bridge to definitive operative treatment which includes delayed cholecystectomy and concurrent pseudocyst drainage in some patients a management algorithm has been developed for patients surviving severe biliary pancreatitis according to the currently published data in the literature
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a multicenter open randomized way crossover study was conducted with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd patients to compare the safety and efficacy of cumulative doses of ipratropium bromide administered from a pressurized metereddose inhaler mdi or from a breathactivated dry powder inhaler dpi enrolled in the T0 were patients with moderate to severe copd and who showed a or increase in baseline forced expiratory volume in the first second fev after microg of ipratropium bromide thirtysix patients were evaluable for efficacy analysis and patients were included in the safety analysis group a significant improvement in pulmonary function was observed following inhalation of cumulative doses of ipratropium bromide from to microg but no statistically significant difference was found between the formulations the doseresponse curves were similar there was no statistical difference in areaunderthecurve during the min period after the last dose for any of the pulmonary CF variables overall effects on PP rate blood pressure and qt interval on electrocardiogram were no different between the devices six mild AEs occurred in patients VVI ectopic beats on electrocardiogram at min with mdi bad taste with both mdi and dpi slight transient increase in blood pressure in the same patient during each study day with both mdi and dpi two moderate AEs occurred in patients transient VVI ectopic beats on electrocardiograms with dpi at min moderate bronchospasm with mdi at min patients expressed a preference for dpi which was found to have a better acceptability and appeared to be easier to use than mdi the new lactose powder formulation of ipratropium bromide inhaled via the breathactivated dpi is a safe and effective alternative to the chlorofluorocarbonpropelled mdi
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we report a case with rhabdomyolysis myoglobinuria and acute renal insufficiency rhabdomyolysis has been due to toxic effect of ethanol and excessive PCS activity the characteristics of rhabdomyolysis the outlines of therapy and prevention of recurrence of rhabdomyolysis have been described
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an elevated plasma proinsulin pi to immunoreactive insulin iri ratio occurs in relatives of patients with insulindependent diabetes mellitus and in subjects with NIDDM diabetes mellitus to determine whether this alteration is the result of bcell dysfunction andor insulin resistance we infused nicotinic acid for weeks to produce insulin resistance in five adolescent male baboons before and after the administration of streptozocin mgkg we measured basal pi and iri C2 and the acute incremental pi apir and iri airir responses to iv Arg the quantity of iri comprised of pi was calculated in the basal state piiri and following Arg injection apirairir STZ administration did not change the FPG fpg compared to that in the normal animals vs mm but raised the piiri vs and apirairir vs due to a concurrent reduction in iri and increase in pi concentrations the induction of experimental insulin resistance with NIC in the normal animals had no effect on the fpg mm but in the STZ treated animals fasting hyperglycemia mm developed neither the basal piiri or the apirairir increased in the insulinresistant streptozocin animals thus being no different to that of normal control animals before or during experimental insulin resistance we conclude that disproportionate proinsulinemia is a manifestation of bcell damage from STZ which is not exacerbated by insulin resistance or HG
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the association of deficiency in TB iron with an increased risk of reactive thrombocytosis is well known but whether functional iron deficiency is also associated with reactive thrombocytosis is unknown this retrospective casecontrol T0 assessed the relationships between PET ID RT and risk of thromboembolism a total of patients with reactive thrombocytosis PLT count x
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leptin an adipocytederived hormone regulates FI and body weight by acting principally on the hypothalamus which displays the highest expression of leptin receptor obr nevertheless other regions of the BB express obr and constitute leptins target CS the dorsal vagal complex dvc an integrative centre of autonomic functions located in the caudal BS is one of these structures OB by acting through the dvc affects autonomic and neuroendocrine functions such as control of FI and gastric motility in the present study we observed obr labelling within the dvc in cells that correspond to neuronal cell HB we showed for the first time obr expression in a subpopulation of glial fibrillary acid protein positive cells located at the border between the AP and the nucleus tractus solitarius nts these glial cells exhibit an atypical morphology consisting of unbranched processes that radiate rostrocaudally from the fourth IVT wall in vitro the glial cells exhibited both long and short obr expression with a preferential expression of the obra andf isoforms interestingly using iv and icv i.t. of the FL tracer hydroxystilbamidine we provided evidence that these cells may constitute a DWI barrier which might regulate entry of molecules into the nts finally modulation of energy status by acute or chronic reduction of FI modulated especially the short obr isoforms in the dvc in the light of these results we hypothesise that obr positive glial cells of the dvc participate in the transport of leptin into the BS and thus contribute to regulation of SE homeostasis
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a twodimensional liquid chromatographycapillary PACE technique was developed for rapid and comprehensive mapping of CE the CE were first separated by reversedphase hplc based on hydrophobicity fractions of the effluent from the hplc system were collected into well microtiter plates and dried under vacuum the fractions were reconstituted with DW separated by capillary array electrophoresis based on chargetosize ratio and detected by uv absorption at nm prior to analysis by multiplexed capillary PACE the reconstituted fractions were concentrated oncolumn using large volume sample stacking with polarity switching in this way highresolution analysis of even the minor components in the complicated mixture was possible
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research of the last decade has revealed that plant immunity consists of different layers of defense that have evolved by the coevolutional battle of plants with its pathogens particular CS has been shed on pamp pathogenassociated molecular DP triggered immunity pti mediated by PRR striking similarities exist between the plant and animal innate immune system that point for a common optimized mechanism that has evolved independently in both kingdoms PRR prrs from both kingdoms consist of leucinerich repeat receptor complexes that allow recognition of invading pathogens at the cell surface in plants prrs like fls and efr are controlled by a coreceptor serkbak also a leucinerich repeat receptor that dimerizes with the prrs to support their CF pathogens can inject effector proteins into the plant cells to suppress the immune responses initiated after perception of pamps by prrs via inhibition or Kd of the receptors plants have acquired the ability to recognize the presence of some of these effector proteins which leads to a quick and hypersensitive response to arrest and terminate pathogen growth
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despite years of chemotherapy trials in advanced nsclc optimal regimens leading to CR remissions have not been identified the decision to treat a patient who has inoperable advanced nsclc must take into account the toxicity of the chemotherapy the toxicities most often reported are myelosuppression and emesis however these trials were performed before the use of colonystimulating factors ie granulocyte colonystimulating factor and granulocytemacrophage colonystimulating factor and serotonin antagonists ie OND granulocyte colonystimulating factor has been shown to shorten the duration of neutropenia and thus decrease the incidence of confirmed infections colonystimulating AF also may allow significant escalation of the dose of chemotherapy OND has been shown to ameliorate cisplatininduced emesis better than other antiemetics the performance status of a patient has been noted to be a predictor for survival as well as response to therapy and this should also be taken into consideration when deciding to treat a patient with advanced inoperable nsclc ideally patients with stage iv nsclc should be placed on investigational therapy protocols to identify optimally active combinations of agents one approach to the patient with inoperable nsclc who is ineligible for a trial or who does not wish to participate in a trial is to offer chemotherapy soon after diagnosis as patients in this category are likely to be less symptomatic and have optimal performance status a platinumcontaining regimen would seem to be the most reasonable regimen in such a patient it is hoped that ongoing trials in suitable candidates will lead to the identification of more consistently AS agents to deal with this devastating disease
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the anaphasepromoting complexcyclosome apcc is a multisubunit ubiquitin ligase that regulates progression through the Tc by marking key cell division proteins for destruction to ensure correct Tc progression accurate timing of apcc activity is important which is obtained through its association with both activating and GABA subunits however although the apcc is highly conserved among eukaryotes no apcc inhibitors are known in plants recently we have identified ultravioletbinsensitive uvi as a plantspecific component of the apcc here we demonstrate that uvi uses conserved apcc interaction motifs to counteract the activity of the Tc switch a ccsa activator subunit inhibiting the turnover of the atype cyclin cyca uvi is expressed in an s phasedependent fashion likely through the action of ef transcription AF correspondingly uvi mutant plants failed to accumulate cyca during the s phase and prematurely exited the Tc triggering the ON of the endocycle we conclude that uvi regulates the temporal inactivation of apcc during dna replication allowing cyca to accumulate above the level required for entering mitosis and thereby regulates the meristem size and plant growth rate
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early human preb cells were isolated from fetal bone marrow and induced to differentiate in vitro under the stimulus of phorbol myristic acid or leukocyteconditioned medium during a hr culture period tritiated thymidine culture experiments substantiated that changes in surface marker phenotypes were not the results of outgrowth of subsets responsive to these stimuli interestingly the addition of monoclonal antibodies directed against calla resulted in neither proliferation nor differentiation of the fetal lymphoid progenitor cells distinct changes in cell surface phenotypes were observed without evidence of cellular enrichment or SD the number of calla and tdtpositive cells decreased whereas the number of b and sigmpositive cells increased moreover a small number of preb cells could be driven to a more mature phenotype with the appearance of b and sigg in contrast the panb b antigen did not alter significantly these changes were even more pronounced when both induction stimuli were present these studies and previous studies on the subsets and differentiation of nont cell ALL leukemias suggest an orderly acquisition of b cell antigens during the stages of preb cell differentiation in man
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molarbased setschenow constants ks for six alkali and alkaline earth metalbased inorganic salts were determined at degrees c to evaluate their influence on the solubilities and thus the AQ activity coefficients of three polycyclic aromatic HCs pahs the six salts tested exhibited a wide range of ks values varying from m for naclo and pyrene to m for kso and perylene in general salting out effects with these electrolytes were observed in the order ca na k and so cl clo consistent with previous reports however the expected salting out trend of perylene Py naphthalene was only observed with kso in cacl solutions the ks value of pyrene was significantly lower than that of naphthalene for nacl kcl and naclo Py ks values were found to be lower than but not significantly different from those of naphthalene setschenow constants for all six salts were predicted using a semiempirical thermodynamicallybased equation that relates the standard free SE NC associated with transferring solutes from water to a salt solution to the difference in surface tensions between the two solutions with this equation predicted ks values were in reasonable agreement with observed ks values generally within lack of better agreement between predicted and observed values likely reflects the inability of the simple surface tension MM to account for all interactions among the cations anions pah molecules and water molecules in the respective systems
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the goal of the present study was to identify transcriptional factors to determine their specificity toward nucleotide sequences of binding sites and to elucidate their regulatory effects on transcription of the human cmyc oncogene three novel phosphorylated proteins transcriptional factors participating in the regulation of transcription of the cmyc gene have been identified and the following data have been obtained a the binding of the RII phosphoproteins activates in vitro transcription of the human cmyc gene b the recognition sites for the three discovered dnabinding proteins ie p p and p have been mapped in the cmyc promoter c the sitespecific mutagenesis of p binding CS of the cmyc gene has been performed and the recognition sequence has been identified the mutagenesis was carried out using the pcr technique using oligonucleotide primers with mismatches in the p binding site the wildtype sequence gggaaaagaaaaaa showed the highest affinity toward p while the mutant sequence gaaaatgacact exhibited a lack of affinity for the protein the participation of p and other phosphorylated transcriptional AF in regulation of the human cmyc gene expression is discussed
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segments of guinea pig jejunum proximal and distal colon and of rat jejunum were superfused either in vivo or in vitro with different electrolyte solutions the ph in the bulk phase solution and at the surface of the epithelium was measured with two different types of glass phmicroelectrodes a pointed tip hinketype and a flat membrane electrode dubuissontype both types of electrodes gave the same results the existence of a phmicroclimate at the surface of the mucosa was demonstrated under both in vivo and in vitro conditions in vivo the phmicroclimate was SD and virtually independent of changes in the luminal bulk phase ph when the bulk phase ph of the guinea pig colon was changed between ph and ph the mean ph in the microclimate was n in the proximal colon and n in the distal colon in the guinea pig jejunum ph in the microclimate was n while the luminal ph was under in vitro conditions the ph in the microclimate was more acidic guinea pig jejunum delta ph rat jejunum delta ph guinea pig proximal colon delta ph addition of gl mm or shortchain fatty acids mm to the luminal solution or replacement of sodium by lithium did not influence the ph in the microclimate significantly also the addition of acetazolamide amiloride sits or sodium deoxycholate to the luminal solution did not affect the ph in the microclimate in vivoabstract truncated at words
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collagen synthesized by tissue minces from lungs of rats po unit of bleomycin by IT or wk earlier contained relatively more hydroxylysine than did collagen made by lungs from salineinstilled control animals most if not all of the relative increase in lysine hydroxylation could be localized to the alpha i chain of type i collagen lung homogenates from bleomycintreated rats showed increased activity of lysyl hydroxylase ec the enzyme catalyzing the conversion of collagenbound lysine to hydroxylysine thus the increased hydroxylation of lysine and of lysinederived crosslinks previously observed in collagen of diseased human lungs and in animal models of lung fibrosis is reflected in an in vitro system
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fibrin network structure has been correlated with coronary disease fibrinogen gamma and alpha fgg and fga gene haplotypes chromosome q may be associated with Fn network structure and thereby with rigidity of the fibrin clot and sensitivity of the fibrin clot to the fibrinolytic system through these mechanisms they may influence risk of cardiovascular disease we set out to investigate the relation between combined fibrinogen fgg and fga gene haplotypes representing the common variation of the fibrinogen fgg and fga genes coronary events and measures of coronary and extracoronary atherosclerosis the T0 was embedded in the rotterdam T0 a prospective populationbased T0 among men and women aged or years common haplotypes were studied using seven tagging snps across a kb region with the fgg and fga genes incident coronary events were registered and carotid intimamedia thickness carotid plaques anklearm index aortic calcification and coronary calcification were assessed seven haplotypes with frequencies covered of the genetic variation in participants without history of coronary heart disease chd chd cases occurred during a median followup time of years fibrinogen gene haplotypes were not associated with coronary events fibrinogen gene haplotypes did not show a consistent association with measures of coronary and extracoronary atherosclerosis in conclusion fibrinogen fgg and fga gene haplotypes are not associated with coronary events coronary atherosclerosis or extracoronary atherosclerosis confirmation of these findings by future populationbased studies is warranted
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this study examined the effectiveness of early and prolonged mud the murine form of trastuzumabherceptin treatment in transgenic mice that overexpress human her huher under the mu mammary tumor virus promoter as a model of huheroverexpressing breast CA
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the effect of CCS on RM coordination has been evaluated using a relatively simple and objective target PLB test on one patient seven normal subjects were used as controls magnetometer recordings were used to determine whether abdominal and rib cage expansion were in phase subjects were asked to match their PLB frequency to a metronome signal their ability to control respiratory timing voluntarily was assessed in terms of the coefficient of variation cv of inspiratory time ti and of expiratory time te the cvs of ti and te were much greater in the patient in the absence of cerebrellar stimulation than they were in normal subjects both at weeks and months T3 implantation of the stimulator a significant improvement in the performance of the patient was demonstrable with the stimulator on although normal values were never achieved this demonstrable influence of chronic cerebellar stimulation on RM coordination has important implications for both the avoidance of respiratory complications and the potential improvement of speech in patients with CP
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this T0 assessed the feasibility of a week program of exercise with and without intramuscular testosterone supplementation in male patients with chronic heart failure chf and low testosterone status and collected preliminary data for key health outcomes
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this study provides quantitative information on the aggregation and dissolution behaviour of silver NPs agnps upon discharge in fresh and sea waters represented here as nacl solutions of increasing ionic strength up to m and natural fjord waters NK PSs SA alg and gum arabic ga were used as coatings to stabilize the agnps and the EDC acted as models to study agnp aggregation kinetics the dlvo theory was used to quantitatively describe the interactions between the agnps the stability of agnps was established using uvvisible spectrophotometry including unique information collected during the first seconds of the aggregaton process alginate coating resulted in a moderate stabilization of agnps in terms of critical coagulation concentration mm nacl and a low dissolution of total ag in nacl solutions up to m GA coated agnps were more strongly stabilized with size increase up to mm nacl but only when the silver ion content initially present in solution was low total ag the alg and ga coated agnps showed a strongly enhanced stability in natural fjord waters ca h required to reduce the area of the surface plasmon resonance band sprb by two fold compared with nacl at an equivalent ionic strength min period for a two fold sprb reduction this is ascribed to a stabilizing effect from dissolved organic matter present in NK fjord waters interestingly for agnpga solutions with of total silver present as unreacted silver ions in the np stock solution fast aggregation kiion or experiment it has been shown that this analytical MM captures some of the GA features of DWI in crowded environment as given in the previous literature and its prediction for transient subdiffusion closely matches the observations of a previous study of computer simulation of escherichia coli cytoplasm it is likely that this model will open up more OD of theoretical models in this area
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in women clinical studies suggest that functional pain syndromes such as irritable bowel syndrome IC and fibromyalgia are comorbid with EM CPP and others diseases one of the possible explanations for this phenomenon is visceral crosssensitization in which increased nociceptive input from inflamed reproductive system organs sensitize SN that receive convergent input from an unaffected visceral organ to the same dorsal root ganglion drg the purpose of this T0 was to determine whether primary sensory SN that innervate both visceral organsthe uterus and the colonexpress nociceptive atpsensitive purinergic px and capsaicinsensitive VR1 trpv receptors to test this hypothesis cell HB of colonic and uterine drg were retrogradely labeled with fluorescent tracer dyes microinjected into the colonrectum and uterus of rats ganglia were harvested cryoprotected and cut in microm slices for fluorescent microscopy to identify positively stained cells up to SN were colonspecific or uterusspecific and of labeled drg SN innervate both viscera in the lumbosacral SN ls C2 we found that viscerally labeled drgs express nociceptive px and trpv receptors our results suggest a novel form of visceral sensory integration in the drg that may underlie comorbidity of many functional pain syndromes
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this T0 investigated the relation between GAD gad and frequency of bad dreams in older adults a secondary analysis from a randomized clinical trial comparing cognitive behavioral therapy cbt for anxiety to enhanced usual care euc assessed bad dream frequency at baseline post treatment months and at and months of participants mean age met gad diagnostic criteria cbt euc with the remaining serving as a comparison group patients with gad had significantly more bad dreams than those without and bad dream frequency was significantly associated with depression anxiety worry and poor quality of life cbt for anxiety significantly reduced bad dream frequency at post treatment and throughout follow up compared to euc
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secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor slpi is the dominant KPI in the mucus secretions of the genital and RT and it was recently also detected in intestinal mucosa furthermore an earlier study showed high concentrations of slpi in peritoneal fluid from patients with perforations of the large and small intestines as slpi is acidstable this raised the question of to what extent swallowed slpi may contribute the present study investigated the turnover of swallowed slpi in the gastrointestinal tract native ilabelled slpi was instilled in the duodenum of three healthy volunteers and radioactivity in plasma faeces and urine was measured within h of the injected radioactivity was excreted in urine and in faeces as radioactive low molecular weight proteins kda recombinant human slpi rhslpi was incubated with porcine pepsin or human gastric or DU juice this resulted in rapid degradation of slpi to smaller molecules in conclusion slpi is rapidly degraded in the stomach and duodenum there were no measurable amounts of slpi in the faeces we have shown that during normal conditions swallowed slpi was rapidly degraded in the stomach and duodenum and therefore it probably can not be of any importance for inflammatory diseases in the intestines
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cyclosporin a treatment has been reported to induce hepatotoxicity marked by a rise in total SS bile acid and total bilirubin the mechanism of cyclosporin ainduced hepatotoxicity seems to be related to interference with HCC transport of these substrates although this remains to be fully substantiated the purpose of this study was to investigate whether the hepatocellular uptake of the different bile acids in the presence of cyclosporin a is consistent with the changes in their respective individual SS bile acid concentrations highperformance liquid chromatography has been used to assay individual serum bile acids in cyclosporin atreated rats at doses of and mgkgday for days control rats were treated with cremophor mlkgday at the higher doses cyclosporin a produced a significant increase in C2 of CA acid taurocholic acid chenodeoxycholic acid and deoxycholic acid compared with controls serum glycocholate was unaffected even at the highest dose inhibition of initial rate of uptake and accumulation of ccholic acid cchenodeoxycholic acid and cdeoxycholic acid by isolated rat HCs was consistent with the changes in their respective serum bile acids coincubation of rat hepatocytes with unlabeled CA acid microm the L1 SS bile acid in cyclosporin atreated rats showed a further GABA effect on ccholic acid and cdeoxycholic acid accumulation the initial rate of uptake of cglycocholate was also inhibited however accumulation of glycocholic acid did not show significant changes at the longer incubation times min in addition coincubation of rat hepatocytes with unlabeled CA acid microm plus cyclosporin a did not induce any inhibition of glycocholate accumulation together these differences provide an explanation for the unchanged SS levels of glycocholate in conclusion the changes in individual serum bile acids in cyclosporin atreated rats are consistent with the effect of this drug on their hepatocellular accumulation
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sterilization is accepted as a permanent method of contraception by many couples in the world female sterilization is more widely used than male sterilization but the latter is used by many couples in developed countries the most widely used methods for female sterilization are simple tubal ligation electrocautery of the fallopian tubes and occlusion of the tubes by hulka or filshie clips or falope rings these procedures may be carried out either by minilaparotomy or by laparoscopy under local anaesthesia sterilization may be performed immediately following pregnancy or as an interval T0 the effectiveness of female sterilization is high with failure rates of about per procedures immediate complications are few and minor while there appear to be no serious LT adverse effects it is possible that there is a protective effect against ovarian CA potential new technologies for female sterilization include the use of chemicals such as quinacrine for TC tubal occlusion and hysteroscopic methods male sterilization is more simple and can readily be performed under local anaesthesia a new technique originating in china the noscalpel technique has made the procedure even more simple and produces fewer complications such as haematoma it is possible that the direct injection of plugforming material into the vas may render the procedure more reversible concerns about possible adverse effects of vasectomy on cardiovascular diseases and testicular cancer largely have been dispelled but a possible weak association between vasectomy and prostatic CA continues to be studied
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the interaction of human and bovine serum Al with cibacron blue and blue dextran in AQ solution was studied by means of difference spectroscopy both human and bovine albumin interact strongly with underivatized cibacron blue in three independent IB CS k on the contrary blue dextran interacts strongly only with human albumin but does not bind appreciably to bovine albumin these results suggest that the binding sites are exposed and easily accessible in human albumin while in bovine Al they are sterically hindered and therefore not accessible to the bulky blue dextran
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human african trypanosomiasis hat is an endemic parasitic disease of subsaharan africa caused by two subspecies of protozoa belonging to trypanosoma genus t brucei gambiense and t brucei rhodesiense in this context the inhibition of the papainfamily cysteine PRs rhodesain and tbcatb has to be considered a promising strategy for hat treatment rhodesain the L1 cat llike cysteine protease of t brucei rhodesiense is a lysosomal protease essential for parasite survival it is involved in parasite invasivity allowing it to cross the bloodbrain barrier bbb of the human host causing the second lethal stage of the disease moreover it plays an important role in immunoevasion being involved in the turnover of variant surface glycoproteins of the t brucei coat and in the degradation of immunoglobulins avoiding a TPS immune response by the host cells on the other hand tbcatb a cat blike cysteine protease present in minor abundance in t brucei showed a key role in the Kd of host transferrin which is necessary for iron acquisition by the parasite in this review article we now discuss the most AS peptide peptidomimetic and nonpeptide rhodesain and tbcatb inhibitors as valuable strategy to treat hat due also to the cDNA role of the two t brucei PRs
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dantrolene a specific agent for the treatment of malignant hyperthermia was found to inhibit ca leak through not only the skeletal ryanodine receptor ryr but also the cardiac ryanodine receptor ryr by correcting the defective interdomain interaction between NT amino acid and central CAA domains of ryrs here the in vivo antiarrhythmic effect of dantrolene in a human CA polymorphic ventricular ART cpvtassociated ryrrs knockin ki mouse MM was investigated
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a missense mutation in the mouse cola gene has been discovered resulting in a mouse phenotype with similarities to human spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia sed congenita in addition sed patients have been identified with a similar molecular mutation in human cola this mouse MM offers a useful tool for molecular and biological studies of bone development and pathology
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hmgcoa reductase inhibitor statin treatment is frontline therapy for lowering plasma cholesterol levels in patients with hyperlipidemia in a few case studies analysis of clinical data has revealed a decreased risk of fracture in patients on statin therapy however this reduction in the incidence of fracture is not always observed nor is it supported by an increase in bone density which further complicates our understanding of the role of statins in bone metabolism thus the precise role of statins in bone metabolism remains poorly understood in this study we examined the effect of statin treatment on osteoclastogenesis treatment with lovastatin resulted in a significant dosedependent decrease in the numbers of differentiated osteoclasts and decreased cholesterol biosynthesis activity with an ec similar to that observed in freshly isolated rat or cultured human CL cells studies assessing the role of MVA metabolites in the development of the osteoclasts demonstrated that geranylgeraniol but not squalene or farnesol was important for the development and differentiation of osteoclasts implicating protein geranylgeranylation rather than protein farnesylation as a key factor in the osteoclast differentiation process in conclusion our data indicate that lovastatin inhibits OCL development through inhibition of geranylgeranylation of key prenylated proteins and that the bone effects of statins are at least partially due to their effects on osteoclast numbers
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much evidence suggests that dysfunction of dopamine transportermediated dopamine transmission may be involved in the pathophysiology of SA and dependence the aim of this study was to examine whether the DAT1 dat slca is associated with the OD of heroin dependence hd and whether dat influences personality traits in patients with hd polymorphisms of dat were analyzed in a casecontrol study of han chinese patients and controls all participants were screened using a chinese version of the modified schedule of affective disorder and schizophrenialifetime and all patients met the criteria for hd furthermore a chinese version of the tridimensional personality questionnaire tpq was used to assess personality traits in the patient group and examine the association between their personality traits and dat polymorphisms of the patient group completed the tpq no statistically significant differences in allele or genotype frequencies of all investigated SCV between hd patients and controls were observed in haplotype analyses four haplotype blocks of dat were not associated with the OD of hd these dat polymorphisms did not influence novelty seeking and harm avoidance scores in hd patients this T0 suggests that the dat gene may not contribute to the risk of hd and TPS personality traits in hd among the han chinese population
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we report a case of a fouryearold boy with stage wilms tumour who developed vincristineinduced acute life threatening hyponatremia which presented as generalized tonic clonic seizures and coma he was intubated and MV there were no localizing neurological signs csf T0 showed no cells and csf proteins were mg electrocardiography chest xray echocardiography ct scan and LF tests were normal evaluation of electrolytes and arterial blood gas showed serum sodium of meql with mild metabolic acidosis SS osmolality was mosml normal value mosml and urine osmolality was mosml normal range mosml urine sodium meqd normal range meqd serum potassium blood urea blood sugars were normal serial blood cultures showed no bacterial growth patient was treated with fluid restriction hypertonic saline and other supportive care patient improved clinically over three days and was extubated on the third day and shifted to the ward on the fifth day
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research from our laboratory has demonstrated that the presentation of an aversive conditioned stimulus produces pronounced suppression of several in vitro measures of immune status the present T0 was designed to evaluate the role of central corticotropinreleasing hormone crh in the mechanisms mediating these CS effects the aversive CS CS- was a distinct environment that had previously been associated with electric FS lewis rats received intraventricular administration of either buffered saline or a dose of the crhselective receptor antagonist alphahelical crh or micrograms prior to exposure to the aversive conditioned stimulus or home CC treatment the aversive CS stimulus produced decreases in splenic NK killer cell activity splenocyte responsiveness to the mitogens concanavalin a cona phytohemagglutinin pha lipopolysaccharide lps and the combination of ionomycin and phorbol myristate acetate pma blood leukocyte responsiveness to cona and pha and the production of interleukin and interferongamma by activated splenocytes the CS CS- also produced an increase in plasma C2 of corticosterone i.c.v. with alphahelical crh completely blocked the conditioned stimulusinduced suppression of A-NK cell activity the crh antagonist had no attenuative effect on the conditioned suppression of splenocyte or blood leukocyte proliferation in response to mitogens or the production of interleukin or interferongamma by G1 splenocytes there was also no effect of alphahelical crh on the conditioned stimulusinduced increase in plasma corticosterone these findings suggest that CS stimulusinduced suppression of NK killer cell activity is mediated by a mechanism that involves activity at CE crh receptors and that this conditioned modulation is independent of hpa activation furthermore these results indicate that the mechanisms involved in conditioned stimulusinduced suppression of proliferative or cytokine production responses are distinct from those involved in the modulation of A-NK cell activity
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the effects of drugs that inhibit human etheragogorelated gene herg related cardiac potassium channels on the R2 of qt duration as a sign of repolarisation instability were evaluated in conscious telemetered dogs qt duration variability was determined using a beattobeat analysis before and T3 the infusions of herg channel blocking agents variability was evaluated as increased mean width pwidth and length plength of poincaré plots of consecutive beats as herg channel blockers which are associated with arrhythmias of the TP tdp type dofetilide and sotalol were infused verapamil was used as an herg channel blocker that is not associated with tdp dofetilide and mgkg dosedependently prolonged qtc duration and dofetilide also induced an increase of qt variability that reached statistical significance for plength at the higher dose a dose of mgkg sotalol neither prolonged qtc duration nor qt duration R2 in contrast at mgkg sotalol prolonged qtc duration and increased plength doses of and mgkg verapamil did not increase qtc duration nor qt time variability qt duration variability in conscious dogs may be a useful preclinical marker to discriminate proarrhythmogenic and nonarrhythmogenic activities of herg blocking agents
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the major drawback of stent implantation in native human coronary vessels is the occurrence of restenosis drugeluting stents significantly reduce restenosis T3 percutaneous coronary intervention pci but may be associated with persistent local inflammation involved in the restenosis mechanisms in this setting coating coronary devices with antiinflammatory agents represents an intriguing alternative to stentbased local drug delivery the aim of the present T0 was to test in a porcine MM the safety and efficacy of a novel genisteineluting balloon preceding coronary stenting
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in a previous randomised controlled trial we showed that AP with a combination of manual and electrical stimulation ea did not affect the level of pain as compared with acupuncture with manual stimulation ma and standard care sc but reduced the need for other forms of pain relief including EPI analgesia to dismiss an undertreatment of pain in the trial we did a longterm follow up on the recollection of labour pain and the birth experience comparing AP with manual stimulation acupuncture with combined electrical and manual stimulation with standard care our hypothesis was that despite the lower frequency of use of other PR women who had received ea would make similar retrospective assessments of labour pain and the birth experience months after birth as women who received SC sc or acupuncture with manual stimulation ma
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methods were devised to isolate strains of escherichia coli containing mu d lacz kmr operon fusions regulated by external ph and by internal ph external acidinducible fusions exa were detected by plating a mu d fusion pool on LB with bromochloroindolylbetadgalactoside buffered at ph and then replica plating on the same medium buffered at ph two exa strains showed induction by external acidification up to fold and fold induction of both fusions was maximal at ph and minimal over ph to there was no induction by membranepermeable Ka which depress internal ph at constant external ph anaerobiosis increased the steadystate level of transcription of exa fold and of exa fold at low external ph internal acidinducible fusions ina were detected by plating a mu d fusion pool on macconkey medium ph and then replica plating with mm benzoate two ina strains showed fold induction by mm benzoate at external ph similar results were obtained with other weak acids their RP salicylate greater than benzoate greater than dimethoxazoledinedione was consistent with their relative ability to depress internal ph in the absence of a weak acid external ph had almost no effect over the ph range to anaerobiosis did not affect ina induction to our knowledge this is the first report of e coli genes induced specifically by internal but not external acidification and the first report of gene fusions induced by external acidification but not by Ka
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a randomized CT was performed to test the hypothesis that if suspected intrauterine growth retardation iugr is associated with normal umbilical artery doppler ultrasound findings hospitalization can safely be avoided one hundred and fifty women with singleton pregnancies and suspected iugr were randomized between an MI n and a control group n in the intervention group clinicians were strongly requested not to hospitalize for suspected iugr if the doppler findings were normal in the control group the doppler results were not revealed and the participants received the standard management for suspected iugr endpoints of the trial were costs in terms of hospitalization perinatal outcome neurological OD and postnatal growth duration of hospitalization was significantly shorter in the IG than in the control group contrary to expectations the hospitalization rate during pregnancy in the IG was not below that of the control group this negative finding was partly due to the admission of patients in the IG despite their normal doppler results moreover the trial might have induced a more critical attitude towards hospitalization in suspected iugr decreasing admission in the control group no clear differences were found in perinatal outcome neurological OD or postnatal growth the results suggest that normal umbilical i.a. doppler findings in suspected cases of iugr justify outpatient management
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as a local anaesthetic on frog nerve lb had times the activity of procaine and times that of inpea in reducing the maximum rate of depolarization mrd of intracellularly recorded cardiac action potentials lb was times more potent than inpea as an antagonist of the chronotropic effect on atrial muscle and of the inotropic effects on VM of isoprenaline the pa values for lb were and respectively and for inpea and lb was times more AS than racemic propranolol in blocking the effects of isoprenaline on isolated cardiac muscle and since its direct action on the cardiac membrane was only times that of propranolol there was a net gain of times in the specificity of lb for class antisympathetic over class depression of mrd antidysrhythmic actions inpea was times less active as a betaadrenoceptor blocking drug on cardiac muscle than propranolol and times less AS than lb inpea but not lb prolonged the duration of both atrial and VVI intracellular action potentials
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upon engagement of their cognate MHC-I ligands receptors containing immunotyrosinebased GABA motifs itims transduce signals that block cytolytic and inflammatory responses in this manner itimcoupled receptors play a crucial role in maintaining NK killer nk cell tolerance toward normal healthy tissue a number of studies mostly using immortalized nk cell lines have demonstrated that itim signaling functions by disrupting the cytolytic immunological synapse formed between an nk cell and its target however more recent imaging experiments using primary nk cells have suggested that inhibitory receptor engagement does not antagonize contact formation casting doubt on the hypothesis that itim signals destabilize the synapse to resolve this issue we analyzed primary nk cell activation and contact formation on supported lipid bilayers containing controlled combinations of activating and GABA ligands under these conditions we observed that itim signaling clearly inhibited adhesion cell arrest and calcium influx three hallmarks of synapse formation these results are consistent with previous reports showing that inhibitory receptors deliver a reverse stop signal and confirm that itim signaling functions at least in part by destabilizing cytolytic synapse formation
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when tested for ornithine and arginine decarboxylases pyrrolizidine alkaloidbearing senecio riddellii s longilobus compositae and crotalaria retusa leguminosae plants exhibited only ODC activity this contrasts with previous studies of four species of pyrrolizidine alkaloidbearing heliotropium boraginaceae in which arginine decarboxylase activity was very high relative to that of ODC unlike heliotropium angiospermum and heliotropium indicum in which endogenous Arg was the only detectable F0 of putrescine channeled into pyrrolizidines in the species studied hereusing difluoromethylornithine and difluoromethylarginine as the enzyme inhibitorsendogenous Orn was the main if not the only precursor of putrescine converted into the alkaloid aminoalcohol moiety in s riddellii and c retusa at flowering Orn decarboxylase activity was present mainly in leaves especially the young ones however other very young organs such as inflorescence and growing roots exhibited much lower or very low MICs the enzyme activity in stems was negligible there was no correlation between the enzyme activity and polyamine or alkaloid content in either species in both species only free polyamines were detected except for c retusa roots and inflorescencewith relatively very high C2 of these compoundsin which conjugated putrescine spermidine and Sp were also found agmatine was not identified by hplc in any plant organ except for c retusa roots with rhizobial nodules organ or agedependent differences in the polyamine levels were small or insignificant the highest alkaloid contents were found in young leaves and inflorescence
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to determine a prediction equation for distance walked of incremental shuttle walk test iswt and test its reliability in children and adolescents
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AGEs ages accumulate with ageing and may have a significant impact on age related dysfunction of the retinal PE rpe many of the cellular effects of ages in other cell types are mediated through age binding proteins the aim of this T0 was to characterise the age receptor complex in rpe cells in vitro and to focus on the role of the r component galectin as the primary effector of the complex
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we have previously shown convergence of craniovascular and tooth pulp afferents in the cervical spinal cord of cats this study looked for similar convergence in the thalamus fiftyfour thalamic cells with input from TP SSS or both were identified twentynine cells with TP and superior sagittal sinus input were located in the VB of the intralaminar nuclei most of these cells were also excited by cooling the contralateral tooth pulp and had receptive fields on the CL face or forelimb twenty cells excited by stimulation of superior sagittal sinus and not tooth pulp were found in several nuclei the cells excited by stimulation of tooth pulp but not sagittal sinus were restricted to the VB the data confirm convergence from sagittal sinus tooth pulp and skin in the thalamus of anaesthetized cats
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treatment of congenital and acquired liver disease is one of the main issues in the field of gene therapy SIN lentiviral vectors have several potential advantages over alternative systems we have constructed a selfinactivating lentiviral vector lvalbugt that expresses the human bilirubin GT ugta from a liverspecific promoter ugta is involved in the clearance of heme metabolites in the liver this enzyme is deficient in CN disease a recessive inherited disorder in humans characterized by chronic severe jaundice ie high plasma bilirubin levels gunn rats suffer from the same defect and are used as an rat of this disease we have treated juvenile gunn rats by single i.v. with the lvalbugt vector over year T3 treatment with the highest dose x transducing units we observed a stable reduction of bilirubin levels to near normal C2 and normal secretion of bilirubin conjugates in the bile in contrast to untreated animals in situ hybridization showed expression of the therapeutic gene in more than of liver parenchymal cells thus we demonstrate SD and CR clinical remission of a congenital metabolic MLD in an rat after SVR administration of a therapeutic lentiviral vector
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herpes simplex virus hsv icp has been shown to interact with rna polymerase ii rnap ii holoenzyme here we show that icp interacts with the CTD ctd of rnap ii and that icp mutants that cannot interact fail to relocalize rnap ii to viral transcription CS suggesting a role for icp in rnap ii recruitment using monoclonal antibodies specific for different phosphoryl antioxidant present in red wine restores the tolerance to nitroglycerin gtn on isolated human internal mammary artery ima using an in vitro model of nitrate tolerance ima rings were obtained from male patients undergoing CABG T0 nitrate tolerance was induced by incubating the i.a. ring with microm gtn for minutes CR curves to gtn to m were obtained on ima rings precontracted with noradrenaline a low concentration microm of lucigenin was used as a tool to measure superoxide production in ima segments gtn produced concentrationdependent relaxation in isolated human ima rings preexposure of i.a. rings to gtn reduced the relaxations to gtn emax values and n to p ec values log m and p respectively relaxation to sodium nitroprusside remained unchanged diminished EC50 to gtn is partially restored T3 removing endothelium or lgnitrolarginine lnoarg m or superoxide dismutase and uml or catalase uml pretreatments pretreatments with RES and microm for T2 relatively improved the reduced relaxation to gtn in tolerant ima rings coadministration of lnoarg with resveratrol did not abolish the beneficial effect of resveratrol on nitrate tolerance the inhibitory effect of RES on gtninduced tolerance was not abolished in arterial rings without EC SE to gtn increased O2- in ima segments with EC EC denudation lnoarg or superoxide dismutase pretreatments markedly inhibited the increased superoxide production in tolerant arteries RES and microm almost completely abolished basal or nadphstimulated superoxide production in tolerant and nontolerant arteries vascular tolerance to gtn in in vitro tolerant human ima rings can be induced by EC superoxide anions RES partially restored the reduced EC50 to gtn by inhibiting nadpderived O2- in endothelium
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human hgh is listed as a prohibited class e substance by the international olympic committee ioc and its use is considered as doping however until today the likelihood of being punished for using recombinant hgh is very limited once injected it is believed to be undetectable by laboratories no official test is implemented in the doping control procedures and the only situation when athletes were found guilty of doping with hgh arose from actions of customs officers or policemen arresting athletes carrying ampoules with them the primary reason for the lack of an accepted test method is the amino acid sequence identity between the main fraction of PIT derived hgh and recombinant hgh which makes it difficult to discriminate between endogenous and exogenous hgh in addition hgh is known to have a very short halflife time in circulation of around min recent efforts of endocrine researchers led to the ID of two main strategies promising to be useful for the PCD of rhGH application which are reviewed in this article on the one hand changes in ghdependent parameters C2 of recombinant gh have been shown to be possible indicators of gh abuse because the increase in various parameters following recombinant hgh administration exceeds the variability commonly observed in normal HS more directly another approach focuses on changes in the hgh isoform DP in SS occurring T3 injection of rhGH because of the negative feedback on pituitary hgh secretionexamined the molecular features underlying the loss of immunoreactivity following formalin fixation with subsequent REC by antigen retrieval to do this we first created a molecular MM using short MMP that mimic the antibodybinding site of common clinical protein targets the advantage of this MM is that we know the CAA sequence in and around the antibodybinding site we observed that some not all of the MMP exhibited the formalinfixation and antigenretrieval phenomenon other peptides did not lose their ability to be recognized by antibody even after prolonged incubation in formalin a third intermediate group exhibited the formalinfixation and antigenretrieval phenomenon only if another irrelevant protein was mixed with the peptide before fixation amino acid sequence analysis indicates that fixation and antigen retrieval are associated with a IMT in or near the antibodybinding site and with an arginine elsewhere implicating the mannich reaction as important in fixation and AR
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the startup procedures the degradation efficiency of organics at the anode and the RE of cu at the cathode of the cell were studied based on which the performance of mfc MFC in se and mannose receptor similar upregulation of inos and arginase was observed in classically and alternatively activated kupffer cells respectively removal of inducing stimuli from the cells had no effect on expression of these markers demonstrating that activation is persistent washing and incubation of ifnγ treated cells with ilil resulted in decreased inos and increased arginase expression while washing and incubation of ilil treated cells with ifnγ resulted in decreased arginase and increased inos indicating that classical and alternative activation of the cells is reversible hsec were more CS to phenotypic switching than kupffer cells suggesting greater functional STDP hepatocyte viability and expression of pcna βcatenin and mmp increased in the presence of alternatively G1 hsec in contrast the viability of HCs pretreated for h with mm acetaminophen decreased in the presence of classically activated hsec these data demonstrate that G1 hsec can modulate hepatocyte responses following injury the ability of HCs to activate hsec was also investigated coculture of hsec with acetaminopheninjured hepatocytes but not control hepatocytes increased the sensitivity of hsec to classical and alternative activating stimuli the capacity of hsec to respond to phenotypic activators may represent an important mechanism by which they participate in inflammatory responses associated with hepatotoxicity
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forty patients with NM disorders of the gastrointestinal tract were evaluated histologically and radiologically eighteen patients with PSS had predominant circular muscle thinning and fibrosis visceral myopathy patients was characterized by vacuolar degeneration of the smooth muscle cells with thinning and fibrosis typically affecting the longitudinal layers visceral neuropathy five patients had degeneration of myenteric plexus neurons with various patients having intranuclear inclusions schwann cell proliferation or inflammatory cell infiltration radiologically these syndromes had diffuse abnormalities of gastrointestinal motor CF manifested by small and C1 intestinal dilatation esophageal hypomotility progressive SVR sclerosis and visceral myopathy or disordered hypercontractility visceral neuropathy marked DU enlargement typified visceral myopathy and although all types may have dilated small intestine only progressive systemic sclerosis has packing of valvulae colonic sacculations were found in progressive SVR sclerosis lack of haustrations and increased Tc caliber in visceral myopathy and hypercontractility in visceral neuropathy complete barium contrast examination will assist in differentiation of true obstruction from pseudoobstruction will define the diffuse nature of the syndrome and will help establish an accurate diagnosis by identifying features specific for these entities
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sleepiness and fatigue can reach particularly high levels during longhaul overnight flights under these conditions voluntary or even involuntary sleep periods may occur increasing the risk of accidents the aim of this study was to assess the performance of an inflight automatic detection system of lowvigilance states using a single electroencephalogram channel fourteen healthy pilots voluntarily wore a miniaturized brain electrical activity recording device during longhaul flights ± h atlantic and falcon m french naval aviation no subject was disturbed by the equipment seven pilots experienced at least a period of voluntary ± min n or involuntary sleep n sleep stage ± s n during the flight automatic classification wakesleep by the algorithm was made for s epochs om or cm channel based on comparison of means to detect changes in α β and θ relative SP or ratio αθβ or fuzzy logic fusion α β pertinence and prognostic of the algorithm were determined using epochbyepoch comparison with visualscoring two blinded readers aasm rules the best concordance between automatic PCD and visualscoring was observed within the om channel using the ratio αθ β ± of good detection k ± with a ± false positive rate and a ± true positive rate our results confirm the efficiency of a miniaturized single electroencephalographic channel recording device associated with an automatic PCD algorithm in order to detect lowvigilance states during real flights
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Kv ca currents were investigated in a subpopulation of DRG neurons C1 diameter neurofilamentpositive acutely isolated from dayold mouse embryos and recorded using the wholecell patchclamp technique low and highvoltageactivated calcium currents were recorded these currents could be identified and separated by their distinct i threshold of activation ii ability to runup during the early phase of recording and iii decay kinetics using ba instead of ca as the charge carrier among highvoltageactivated currents l n and ptype ca currents were identified by their sensitivity to respectively the dihydropyridine agonist bay k microm and antagonist nitrendipine microm CTX gvia microm and omegaagatoxin iva nm in the combined presence of nitrendipine microm CTX gvia microm and omegaagatoxin iva nm two additional highvoltageactivated components were detected one blocked by nm omegaconotoxin mviic and microm omegaagatoxin iva had properties similar to those of the qtype IT first reported in cerebellar granule cells the other defined by its resistance to saturating concentrations of all the blockers mentioned above applied in combination resembles the rtype ca current also described in cerebellar granule cells in conclusion embryonic sensory SN appear to express a large repertoire of voltageactivated ca currents with distinct pharmacological properties this diversity suggests a great variety of pathways for ca signaling which may support different functions during development
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the epsteinbarr virus ebv open reading frame bhrf a homologue of the oncogene bcl was cloned from a patient with NP carcinoma npc and overexpressed in escherichia coli the resulting recombinant bhrf FP with an apparent molecular weight of kd was used as antigen in an immunoblotting CA for igg antibody in human sera antibhrf antibody was detected in of patients with npc of patients with nonmalignant diseases of the nasopharynx and in of healthy blood donors the positivity rate in these nonmalignant patients was times that of the NCs negative results were observed in four patients with IM and patients with other cancers including with esophageal CA with lung cancer with lymphoma with gastric carcinoma with C2 carcinoma and with other head and neck cancers antibody neutralizing ebv dnase and iga antibody to viral capsid antigen vca were assayed in parallel the results showed that of the npc patients were negative for antidnase and antivca antibodies and ebv infection could be detected by the antibhrf antibody alone the demonstration of antibhrf antibody in most npc sera strongly supports the hypothesis that the ebv bhrf protein is expressed in most npc patients and its TPS antibody can be a useful marker for the diagnosis of npc
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the proliferative capability is timelimited in normal somatic cells by the shortening of their chromosomal ends the telomeres hayflick limit an important feature of malignant cells is their immortality the probably most common mechanism of tumour cells to achieve unlimited replicability is the activation of the enzyme telomerase the reverse transcriptase can compensate the loss of telomeres using a pcrbased trap assay we found telomerase activity in tumour biopsies exsudates and bronchial washings in various thoracic HM in of patients with suspected IP lung CA eventually surgery or invasive procedures proved a malignancy in fluoroscopically guided bronchial brushings from of these patients the trap assay revealed TA there was a single false positive case tuberculosis and with a single exception the simultaneously taken brushes of the contralateral lobes were all telomerase negative in patients tumour cells were found in the cytological examination in patients at least one marker was positive thus the combination of cytology and telomerase test in bronchial brush biopsies attained a diagnostic yield of
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basal sleepinessalertness modulates drug effects sleepiness produced by sleep restriction leads to increased nociceptive sensitivity suggesting opioid analgesia may also be modulated by sleepinessalertness this T0 compared thermal nociceptive sensitivity in sleepy versus nonsleepy participants after codeine or PL twelve healthy normal adults to years of age had an hr nocturnal polysomnogram npsg followed by a multiple sleep RL test mslt carskadon and dement all had sleep efficiencies on their npsg had average mslt or min nonsleepy group and had latencies min sleepy group participants were assessed following hr timeinbed with standard mslt and nociceptive assessments using a radiant heat stimulation method were conducted the following day with codeine mg bid and or placebo bid finger withdrawal RL fwl in seconds was measured to different heat intensities randomly presented to the index finger pad of each hand mean sd mslt values in the sleepy group were min and min in the nonsleepy group as hypothesized increased fwl decreased nociception was observed with lower heat intensities codeine and in the nonsleepy group more important there was a group x drug interaction with codeine increasing fwl in the nonsleepy but not the sleepy group these data show the analgesic effects of codeine are diminished in sleepy versus nonsleepy individuals they suggest clinical differences in response to analgesics are partly explained by basal state of sleepinessalertness
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small welldefined unresectable lowgrade gliomas are attractive targets for STI fractionated stereotactic irradiation of these targets has the theoretical benefit of increased T/N sparing beyond that provided by the PCS characteristics of stereotactic RS from july to november patients were treated for lowgrade glioma at our institution using a hypofractionated regimen of stereotactic radiotherapy all patients had wellcircumscribed mm tumors no patient had had prior radiotherapy all lesions were histologically proven who grade i or ii glial PT lesions involved CS brain structures and were deemed unresectable a typical dose of gy was delivered in fractions over a twoweek period using rigid immobilization and a linacbased dynamic stereotactic radiosurgical technique patients had a median age of years and were predominantly female median tumor diameter was mm with a median followup for living patients of years the actuarial and year overall survival rates are and respectively treatment was acutely well tolerated although three patients experienced late posttherapy complications our results and those of patients treated in nine other institutional series are reviewed despite some examples of favorable shortterm outcomes all reported series are highly selected and thus likely biased the data regarding the use of srs is limited and in our opinion insufficient to claim a clear therapeutic advantage to srs in the initial management of lowgrade glioma our own results with hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy are similar to those expected with standard therapy
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the obgene encodes for a protein of amino acids which is expressed exclusively in WG AT the obgene product is probably released from adipocytes as a soluble hormone of amino acids and has been proposed as a satiety factor to test this hypothesis the soluble portion of the obgene product devoid of signal sequence was expressed in e coli and purified the purified protein which contains two cys residues was recovered from the periplasm in an GSSG after a single intravenous injection the obgene product decreased FI T3 fasting in NM the results show that recombinant obgene product can be obtained in a functionally active conformation and provide direct proof that this protein is a satiety factor
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the aim of the T0 was to evaluate the slimeproducing ability of coagulasenegative staphylococci cns isolated from clinical and subclinical mastitis in cows the study was carried out on isolates of cns obtained from milk of cows from farms located in the lublin region poland slimeproducing ability was observed in over half of coagulasenegative staphylococci of isolated cns including isolates of methicillinresistant staphylococci of all mrcns of isolates of cns responsible for the clinical form of mastitis isolates produced slime s xylosus isolates s haemolyticus isolates s chromogenes isolates and s sciuri isolates including isolates of mrcns the remaining isolates of cns with the ability to produce this exopolysaccharide were isolated from the milk of cows with subclinical form of mastitis s xylosus isolates s sciuri isolates s chromogenes isolates s haemolyticus isolates s warneri isolates and s saprophyticus isolate including isolates of mrcns
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this study examined differences in selfperceptions between single and married schoolage mothers the tennessee self concept scale was po to single and married girls who passed through a schoolage parent program over a twoyear period and who chose to keep and rear their babies data were subjected to a stepwise discriminant analysis to determine an optimal set of variables that would distinguish between the two CG results indicated that the single schoolage mothers had extremely low selfconcepts suffered from serious emotional problems had inappropriate coping behaviors and exhibited significant differences from the comparison group on of variables the single subjects in contrast to their married counterparts perceived themselves as undersirable unworthy morally bad and unhappy with their behavior PCS selves and social relationships the married subjects had nominally low selfconcepts with their most negative perceptions focused on their moralethical selves their most positive feelings were expressed about family relationships
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to further characterize patterns of tumour growth and the distribution of markers for the aggressiveness of prostate cancer by assessing the relationships among the volume of the index tumour and that of the remaining foci with pathological pt stage histological grade and dna ploidy and with the amount of low and highgrade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia pin
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although the advent of computerized cranial tomography ct has decreased the number of pneumoencephalograms performed for the diagnosis of hydrocephalus and lesions of the PF BS and ventricles there are some patients in whom PEG should still be done because it adds valuable information to that obtained with ct when the temporal horn becomes obstructed the choroid plexus and ependymal surface UP from the obstructing mass continue to produce cerebrospinal fluid csf the temporal horn can thus enlarge enough to appear as a mass on ct because of its reduced xray mu PEG is effective in this situation because air will flow past a mass that obstructs csf and because the VVI system dilates during pneumoencephalography when PEG is used in a patient with a trapped temporal horn the partially trapped horn may enlarge approximately hours later with that precaution in mind the neurosurgeon should find pneumoencephalography to be a useful adjunct to ct in delineating the cause of a trapped temporal horn in the three patients reported here ct had indicated a unilateral trapped temporal horn pneumoencephalography confirmed that finding and demonstrated both the location and the nature of the lesion one patient had a grade ii astrocytoma fungating into the atrium of the RA lateral IVT one had a mass extending into the right IVT from the medial and superior ventricular wall with nodular encroachment on the IVT and one had a meningioma in the atrium of the RA lateral IVT
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an sox mutation in a previously published case of campomelic dysplasia is described this case did not have overt campomelia of the femora or tibiae although CD has subsequently been confirmed by gene analysis
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we sought to determine whether quantitative assessment of anticytomegalovirus cmv antibodies could be useful to identify patients at risk of cytomegalovirus cmv disease T3 heart transplantation ht patients who underwent ht at a single health care center were prospectively studied induction therapy included doses of daclizumab and maintenance tacrolimus n or cyclosporine n mycophenolate mofetil and prednisone all patients received prophylaxis with GCV or valganciclovir anticmv intravenous immunoglobulin cmvig was added in high risk patients cmv dr serostatus serial determinations of anticmv antibodies immunoglobulins igg iga igm and iggsubclasses were analysed cmv infection was based on PCD of the virus by antigenemia cmv disease consisted of PCD of signs or symptoms attributable to this microorganism ten patients developed cmv disease mean time of development of cmv disease was months in cox SRA patients with low baseline anticmv titers natural logarithm of titer rh ci p and recipients with month postht igg hypogammaglobulinemia igg mgdl rh ci p were at higher risk of having cmv disease despite use of prophylactic cmvig dr patients showed significantly lower titers of anticmv antibodies at d d and d post ht as compared with ht recipients without infections four out of of these patients developed late cmv disease monitoring of TPS anticmv antibodies on the bedside warrants further DUE as a potential tool to identify HR transplant recipients at higher risk of cmv disease
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a case of simultaneous extrauterine and intrauterine pregnancy with survival of both fetuses is reported the management is discussed and the literature briefly reviewed the necessity for immediate operative termination in such cases is emphasized
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an indirect spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination of cyanide down to ppm it is based on the fact that cyanide prevents the formation of the strongly absorbing ternary complex between silveri phenanthroline and bromopyrogallol red in nearly neutral aqueous solution among cations examined only mercuryii could not be tolerated zinc Cd and cobalt interfered only when present in large amounts a fold molar excess over cyanide of anions can also be tolerated bromide iodide and thiocyanate interference is overcome by addition of lead nitrate AS and barium nitrate followed by centrifugation
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both low dietary protein intake and inadequate CSD of protein over the three mealtimes have been reported in older caucasian adults but the association between protein intake at each meal and MM has not been studied the purpose of this study was to evaluate dietary protein NI and distribution by mealtimes and to explore their association with appendicular skeletal MM in apparently healthy older adults
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single IVT sv exercise performance is impaired and limited by reduced VVI preload reserve the atrium modulates VVI filling and enhancement of atrial compliance can increase cardiac performance we aimed to T0 atrial mechanics in sv NF across staged surgical palliation compared with healthy children by using novel speckletracking echocardiography techniques
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the treatment of intracranial aneurysms may be associated with CBF ischemia we hypothesize that preinterventional remote ischemic preconditioning ripc reduces ICM CBF tissue damage in patients undergoing elective intracranial aneurysm treatment
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eight patients with parkinsons disease performed simple reaction time srt uncued partially and fully cued four choice crt tasks they were tested on two occasions on their normal dose of DA medication and following withdrawal of such medication for an average of hours disability as rated on the webster scale was greater in the drug reduced state although rts were generally slower when tested in the drug reduced state than when on medication few differences emerged withdrawal of dopaminergic medication had no effect on unwarned srt and unwarned and uncued crt performance both on and off medication the patients benefited from a WS presented before the imperative stimulus in both medication states the speeding up of rt was greatest with a warning signal presented ms before s when the imperative CS- was unwarned the temporal predictability of its occurrence speeded rt more when on medication than when off advance movement parameter information was used by patients to preprogramme responses both on and off medication in both medication states the fully cued crt was the same as srt only with the ms ss interval medication state had no effect on movement time or the number of PE it is suggested that slowness in motor readiness and motor NLP may not be specific to striatal dopamine deficiency but rather a nonspecific concomitant of brain damage
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this article discusses two specific atypical cases of ulcerative colitis encountered in the inpatient internal diseases department at czerniakowski hospital warsaw poland ulcerative colitis usually manifests itself primarily in the gastrointestinal tract what made these cases exceptional was the involvement of multiple organs which complicated the diagnosis the first of this cases presented a rare combination of symptoms of ulcerative colitis cytomegalovirus infection and polychondritis the second case involved a patient initially diagnosed with myelogenous one however subsequent investigation revealed a sever case of ulcerative colitis and not one as originally suspected
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aaa atpase vcp and its yeast ortholog cdc in a complex with the ufdnpl heterodimer as an adaptor play an essential role in endoplasmic reticulumassociated Kd erad several ubx domaincontaining proteins function to recruit ubiquitylated substrates to vcpcdc by IB both vcpcdc and other erad components such as ubiquitin ligases here we show that rat ubxd is an additional ubx domaincontaining protein involved in the erad process ubxd is a cytosolic protein that interacts with vcp and derlin overexpression of ubxd in cells causes selective dissociation of ufd from vcp resulting in inhibition of mutant cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator cftr degradation by erad additionally SD of endogenous ubxd protein by rna interference also results in a defect in cftr Kd collectively these findings suggest that ubxd is a RII component of erad that may modulate the adaptor IB to vcp
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in the title compound chclo the central ring of the xanthene core shows a shallow boat conformation while the outer sixmembered rings display envelope conformations the dihedral angle between the outer aromatic rings is ° and the dihedral angles between the chlorobenzene ring and the two phenyl rings are and °
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molybdate is an essential trace element required by biological systems including the anaerobic sulfatereducing bacteria srb however detrimental consequences may occur if molybdate is present in high concentrations in the environment while molybdate is a structural analog of sulfate and inhibits sulfate QO2 of srb little information is available concerning the effect of molybdate on pure cultures we followed the growth of desulfovibrio gigas atcc desulfovibrio vulgaris hildenborough desulfovibrio desulfuricans dsm and d desulfuricans dsm in media containing sublethal levels of molybdate and observed a redbrown color in the SC fluid SA of the culture fluid revealed absorption peaks at and nm and this color is proposed to be a molybdatesulfide complex reduction of molybdate with the formation of molybdate disulfide occurs in the periplasm d gigas and d desulfuricans dsm from these results we suggest that the occurrence of poorly crystalline mosulfides in black shale may be a result from srb reduction and selective enrichment of mo in paleoseawater
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houabain IB in frog and toad urinary bladder was investigated by SCC scc scintillation counting and autoradiographic techniques scc data and analysis of tissue digests following serosal SE to ouabain showed that ouabain binding and inhibition of na transport was CR reversible in toad bladder whereas in frog bladder houabain was tightly bound and na transport remained suppressed even T3 a min washout mucosal SE of frog bladder to houabain or serosal SE after preincubation with unlabeled ouabain led to a marked reduction in IB specificity of binding was assessed further by adjusting the concentration of certain na katpase ligandsk atp to levels known to reduce ouabain IB HK concentrations and SD of endogenous atp by incubation under anoxic conditions resulted in a significant drop in houabain binding autoradiographic analysis showed that grains are localized primarily to the basolateral PMs of the granular cells providing direct morphological evidence for the location of na pumps at these sites although autoradiographs did not provide sufficient resolution to rule out unequivocally ouabain IB to the mitochondriarich cell morphological evidence suggests that grain densities are significantly higher between adjacent granular cells than between granular cellmitochondriarich cell interfaces
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to study the relevance of gamma delta TA in multiple sclerosis ms we analyzed the t cell receptor tcr gamma delta repertoire and the antigen reactivity of gamma delta clones isolated from CSF fluid csf in t cell cultures derived from csf we found an increased percentage of v delta cells as compared to IP blood of the same donors phenotypic analysis of cells from ms csf with v gamma and v deltaspecific monoclonal antibodies mab showed that the v delta chain is most frequently associated with gamma chains belonging to the v gamma family sequence analysis of tcr genes revealed heterogeneity of junctional regions in both delta and gamma genes indicating polyclonal expansion gamma delta clones were established and some recognized glioblastoma astrocytoma or monocytic cell lines stimulation with these targets induced serine esterase release and lymphokine expression characteristic of the thlike phenotype remarkably these tumorreactive gamma delta cells were ND in the peripheral blood using pcr oligotyping but were found in other csf lines independently established from the same ms patient altogether these results demonstrate that in the csf there is a skewed tcr gamma delta repertoire and suggest that gamma delta cells reacting against brainderived antigens might have been locally expanded
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the mechanism of action of tiludronate chlorophenylthiomethylene bisphosphonate on osteoclastic BR was examined in mouse culture systems tiludronate did not inhibit the formation of osteoclastlike multinucleated cells ocls induced by alphadihydroxyvitamin d in cocultures of mouse osteoblastic cells and bone marrow cells ocls obtained from cocultures on collagen gelcoated dishes treated with tiludronate formed as many resorption pits on dentine slices as those obtained from the control cocultures however pit formation by ocls was dosedependently inhibited when tiludronate was added directly to the pit formation CA other bisphosphonates such as alendronate and etidronate dosedependently inhibited pit formation according to the in vivo potencies of the respective BPs to inhibit bone resorption however they had no inhibitory effect on the recruitment of ocls induced by alphadihydroxyvitamin d in the cocultures when ocls were placed on dentine slices they formed the ringed structure of factincontaining podosomes and ruffled borders polarized ocls even in the presence of tiludronate however the actin rings in ocls were disrupted by the addition of tiludronate soon T3 they began to resorb dentine in contrast ocls placed on collagen gel formed neither actin rings nor ruffled borders nonpolarized ocls and showed no response to tiludronate ocls formed from the SP cells of osteosclerotic ococ mice developed the ringed structure of podosomes but not ruffled borders on dentine slices the actin ring in the ococ spleen cellderived ocls placed on dentine slices was not disrupted by the addition of tiludronateabstract truncated at words
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