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to evaluate the efficacy of singlesession photodynamic therapy pdt combined with intravitreal bevacizumab ivb in the treatment of retinal angiomatous proliferation rap in agerelated macular degeneration
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hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy haic for unresectable hepatic neoplasms has been associated with gastric ulcers and epithelial atypia that may be misinterpreted as carcinoma gastric brushings were reviewed from six patients who developed gastric ulcers with histologically proven atypia following haic marked cytologic atypia reminiscent of a pronounced radiation effect was present in gastric epithelial cells in five patients the atypical cells occurred singly or in small sheets they were markedly enlarged but a low nuclearcytoplasmic ratio was preserved the abundant cytoplasm was vacuolated or foamy binucleation and multinucleation were common and massive nucleoli were characteristic the brushings also contained the reparative inflammatory and necrotic changes associated with usual benign gastric ulcers the bizarre atypia associated with haic can be a source of misdiagnosis of CA in cytologic as well as in histologic specimens
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a coculture system of a murine erythroblastic one cell L1 elmd with its supportive stromal cell L1 ms was established longterm growth of elmd cells is strictly stroma cell dependent interaction between SC factor scf and its receptor ckit was demonstrated to be important for stroma celldependent growth by anti ckit NT monoclonal antibody mab inhibition experiments significantly soluble growth AF such as granulocytemacrophage colonystimulating factor gmcsf interleukin il or scf of ms stromal cells ms cm could replace the requirement of stroma cells for a considerable period however elmd cells maintained in these growth AF underwent clonal extinction after weeks unless contact with stroma was reestablished furthermore il or gmcsf acted in a dominant manner in inducing cell death in the presence of stroma cells cells showing clonal extinction undergo PCD and do not differentiate these altered growth properties of elmd cells exposed to soluble growth factors or to stroma cells appear to be analogous to those described for t or b cells primed by antigen presenting cells and then grown in growth factors
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the adsorption ability of a powdered activated carbon pac derived from walnut shell was investigated in an attempt to produce more economic and effective sorbent for the control of hgii ion from industrial liquid streams carbonaceous sorbents derived from iranian walnut shell ws were prepared by chemical activation method using zncl as an activating reagent to the best of our knowledge this adsorbent was not used before for removing mercury from water adsorption of hgii from aqueous solutions was carried out under different exp conditions by varying treatment time metal ion concentration adsorbent amount ph and solution temperature it was determined that hgii adsorption follows both langmuir and freundlich isotherms as well as pseudosecondorder kinetics it was also shown that hgii uptake decreases with increasing ph of the solution the proper choice of preparation conditions resulted in a microporous AC with gcm density mgg iodine number and mg bet surface area the monolayer sorption capacity of this optimum adsorbent was obtained as mgg
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nitric oxide no is a diatomic free radical which has recently been found to have a key role in both normal physiological processes and disease states the presence of no in biological systems leads to the formation of reactive nitrogen species rns such as peroxynitrite which reacts avidly with IMT residues in proteins to form nitrotyrosine ntyr since peroxynitrite has a very short halflife at neutral ph the presence of ntyr has been used as a marker of rns production in various tissues a number of methods for separation detection and quantitation of ntyr in biological samples have been developed these methods incwith gl tolerance status p in univariate analysis the association between pai and ldl size was most pronounced in subjects with normal glucose tolerance ngt r p and weaker in IGT igt r p and type diabetes r p after adjustment for demographic variables and metabolic variables known to influence pai C2 triglyceride and insulin sensitivity a significant inverse relation of ldl size to pai levels was only present in ngt p in subjects with igt or overt diabetes who usually have elevated pai levels additional factors other than ldl size seem to contribute more importantly to pai C2 the demonstrated inverse relation of ldl size and pai levels provides one possible explanation for the atherogeneity of small dense ldl particles
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we utilized plasmonwaveguide resonance pwr spectroscopy to follow the effects of sphingomyelin cholesterol and zinc ions on the binding and aggregation of the amyloid beta peptide in lipid bilayers with a dioleoylphosphatidylcholine dopc bilayer peptide IB was observed but no aggregation occurred over a period of h in contrast similar IB was found with a BB sphingomyelin sm bilayer but in this case an exponential aggregation process was observed during the same time interval when the sm bilayer included cholesterol an increase of approximately fold occurred in the amount of peptide bound with a similar increase in the extent of aggregation the latter resulting in decreases in the bilayer packing density and displacement of lipid peptide association with a bilayer formed from equimolar amounts of dopc sm and cholesterol was followed using a highresolution pwr sensor that allowed microdomains to be observed biphasic binding to both domains occurred but predominantly to the smrich domain initially to the surface and at higher peptide concentrations within the interior of the bilayer again aggregation was observed and occurred within both microdomains resulting in lipid displacement we attribute the aggregation in the dopcenriched domain to be a consequence of lipid mixing within these microdomains resulting in the presence of small amounts of sm and cholesterol in the dopc microdomain when mm zinc was present an increase of approximately threefold in the amount of peptide association was observed as well as C1 changes in mass and bilayer structure as a consequence of peptide aggregation occurring without loss of bilayer integrity a structural interpretation of peptide interaction with the bilayer is presented based on the results of simulation analysis of the pwr spectra
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lipoprotein lipase lpl plays a CE role in the clearance of very low density lipoprotein vldl and chylomicrons from the circulation it also affects the maturation of HD lipoprotein hdl and low density lipoprotein ldl lpl is an important candidate gene in determining the risk factor in metabolic disorders including primary hyperlipidemia our study is the first report from thailand on the characterization of two common dna polymorphisms ie pvu ii and hind iii at introns and respectively of the lpl gene in thai dyslipidemic subjects compared to NL subjects using pcrrflp it was observed that the frequencies of the cut and uncut alleles of pvu ii were and in NL subjects such frequencies were and in HL subjects additionally the frequencies of the cut and uncut alleles of hind iii were found to be and in NL subjects they were and in hyperlipidemic subjects the S2 frequencies of the hind iii but not pvu ii polymorphism in hyperlipidemic subjects were significantly different from NL subjects p the relation between these polymorphisms and lipid traits was not statistically significant p
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the effect of ppc preoxidation on bac process for organic pollutants removal was conducted by measuring the distribution of M(r) the concentrations of organic and inorganic matters on bac the results show that organic matters of M(r) less than x is the main part of bdoc organic matters of relative molecular mass more than x is effectively removed in the process of coagulation with ppc preoxidation on the other hand organic matters of relative molecular mass less than x is increased with ppc preoxidation which improves the biological activity of bac process the concentrations of organic and inorganic matters on bac with ppc preoxidation are reduced mg x g and mg x g respectively than that on bac CT which reduces the block of hole on gac and increases the life e examined from bos taurus crossbred cows mean of cowsyr to quantify the effects of environmental conditions during the breeding season on pregnancy rate estimated breeding dates were determined by subtracting d from the calving date relationships were determined between the proportion of cows bred during the periods from the beginning of the breeding season until d and of the breeding season and the corresponding environmental variables weather data were compiled from a weather station located approximately km from the research site average daily temperature and relative humidity were used to calculate daily THI thi daily averages for each environmental variable were averaged for each period minimum temperature mntp and thi for the first and d of the breeding season were negatively associated p with pregnancy rate for the to d to d and to d breeding periods respective r for average temperatures were and whereas r for mntp were and and r for thi were and respectively for the same breeding periods the negative associations of temperature and thi with pregnancy rate are most pronounced during the first d of the breeding season with a and change in pregnancy rate for each unit of change in mntp and thi respectively a combination of environmental variables increased the r to in this analysis windspeed was found to be positively associated with pregnancy rate in all equations and increased the r in all breeding periods optimum mntp for the to d to d and to d breeding periods was and degrees c respectively for the to d breeding period optimum thi was whereas the thi threshold the calculated level at which cattle will adapt was found to be reductions in pregnancy rate are likely when the average mntp and thi equal or exceed degrees c and respectively and for bos taurus beef cows that are pasture bred during a d springsummer period
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the article theoretically regards probability density functions pdfs for axial ratio xy of sectioning profiles of elliptical microvessels mvs arranged with anisotropy in a biological tissue volume a technique for the pdfxy calculations in anisotropy of the elliptical mvs is described the essence of this technique is introducing anisotropy in pdfalphaphi ie the CF of the joint CSD of the polar and planar angles alpha and phi which define mutual orientation of the elliptical mvs and sectioning planes with the aid of this technique the anisotropy cases are studied with pdfalphaphi given by pair combinations of the following distributions i a uniform distribution of the angles alpha andor phi ii the angle alpha CSD with pdfalphasin alphaalpha in pi and iii gaussian distributions of the alpha or phi values specifically pdfxy curves are obtained for mvs with the true or threedimensional axial ratio xy and the anisotropy effects on the xy expected frequencies are analysed conclusions of this analysis the pdfxy calculation technique and the pdfxy curves obtained are useful for stereological reconstruction of anisotropically organised microcirculatory networks with an ellipticity of their mvs being taken into consideration
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we report a case of hemifacial spasm in which hearing was well preserved after MVD but the vestibular nerve was injured selectively we review the pathophysiological mechanisms relevant to this complication in the light of results of animal exp studies we have conducted in addition we discuss the clinical significance of this particular type of cranial nerve injury
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adenosine kinase ak inhibitors potentiate the actions of endogenous adenosine ado and ameliorate CBF ischemic damage in animal models the present study examined the effects of the ak inhibitor iodotubercidin it in an in vitro MM of neuronal ischemia specifically combined oxygenglucose deprivation of rat cortical mixed neuronalglial cultures oxygenglucose deprivation caused extensive neuronal loss which was accompanied by a marked increase in ado PR into the extracellular medium was ameliorated by exogenous ado microm mm and was exacerbated by a high concentration of the selective a CPT cpt microm it microm had no effect on extracellular ado C2 nor on neuronal loss however ak activity in these cultures was markedly suppressed during oxygenglucose deprivation taken together these data demonstrate a marked downregulation of ak activity during oxygenglucose deprivation in this in vitro MM providing an endogenous mechanism contributing to the accumulation of extracellular ado which exerts neuroprotective effects by activating the ado a receptor
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coagulation factor v leiden is a risk marker for VT for arterial thrombosis no large T0 to date has included populationbased elderly patients the cardiovascular health study is a longitudinal study of men and women over age with year followup we studied incident cases of myocardial infarction mi angina stroke or transient ICM attack tia and controls the odds ratios for each event with heterozygous FV leiden were mi ci to angina ci to stroke ci to tia ci to any outcome ci to adjustment for cardiovascular risk AF did not change relationships in older adults FVL is not a risk factor for future arterial thrombosis
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with ordinary procainamide tablets a dosing interval of hours must be chosen to achieve therapeutically useful plasma concentrations during the entire interval the concentrations of PA and its nacetylated metabolite napa have been studied in the plasma of NV and patients who were given a new sustained PR preparation at hour intervals blood samples were taken between two doses on the fourth day of treatment procainamide showed C2 within the accepted therapeutic range during the entire dosing interval a dose of g per day per kg bodyweight is necessary in order to achieve adequate levels napa concentrations did not fluctuate during the dosing interval and mean steapse although it was detectable during pregnancy and in the euthyroid state T3 therapy in two cases the titer of antithyroid microsomal antibody increased concomitantly with an increase in the free t index these data suggest that tsab may not be a pathological thyroid stimulator in patients with recurrent hyperthyroidism after delivery in GD
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oncostatin m a unique member of the interleukin il cytokine family is thought to be involved in airway CR the expression of oncostatin m in the lower airways is unknown the aim of this T0 was to measure the sputum expression of OM in patients with asthma with and without irreversible airflow obstruction IS was collected from nonsmoking adults with stable asthma n with incomplete reversibility of airflow one peripheral blood cells were isolated and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide in participants with asthma and irreversible airflow obstruction oncostatin emm C2 were determined in supernatant whereas rna was extracted to determine OM mrna expression using RT polymerase chain reaction pcr OM mrna expression and protein levels were significantly higher in the sputum of asthmatics with irreversible airflow obstruction sputum oncostatin m levels were highest in people with severe airflow one and were localized to airway neutrophils and macrophages IP blood neutrophils released more oncostatin m when stimulated with lipopolysaccharide compared with unstimulated neutrophils sputum OM is increased in asthma with irreversible airflow obstruction and is present in airway neutrophils and macrophages oncostatin m may link ai to remodeling in asthma
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it is known that pi normally provides the L1 source of nonnh urinary buffer and that pibuffered renal h excretion titratable acidity ta accounts for a large fraction of daily renal net acid excretion nae whether the presence of luminal nonnh buffers is a prerequisite to normal renal regulation of SVR acidbase equilibrium under any conditions has not been investigated accordingly i investigated whether chronic renal regulation of plasma p hco might be impaired under conditions of normophosphatemic hypophosphaturia nhp produced by shortterm dietary pi restriction during a steadystate of hclinduced acidosis in naclreplete nhp dogs group a n hcop averaged meqliter and arterial a h averaged neqliter substitution k meqkg as neutral pi for equivalent dietary kcl for to days resulted in significant amelioration of acidosis delta hcop meqliter p less than delta ha neqliter p less than in association with a cumulative increment sigma delta in ta excretion meq p less than and nae meq to investigate whether piinduced amelioration of acidosis was related to enhanced urinary beta an additional group group b n with nhp and chronic hcl acidosis was administered the nonpi buffer neutral creatinine mmoleskg daily as with pi acidosis was ameliorated by creatinine administration and sigma delta nae increasedabstract truncated at words
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aqueousphase processing of MG mg has been suggested to constitute an important source of secondary organic aerosol soa the uptake of mg to AQ particles is higher than expected because its carbonyl moieties can hydrate to form geminal diols as well as because mg and its hydration products can undergo aldol condensation reactions to form larger oligomers in solution mg is known to be surface AS but an improved description of its surface behavior is crucial to understanding mgsoa formation these studies investigate mg adsorption focusing on its hydration state at the airwater interface using a combined experimental and theoretical approach that involves vibrational sum frequency spectroscopy MD and DFT calculations together the experimental and theoretical data show that mg exists predominantly in a singly hydrated state diol at the interface with a dioltetrol ratio at the surface higher than that for the bulk in addition to exhibiting a strong surface activity we find that mg significantly perturbs the water structure at the interface the results have implications for understanding the atmospheric fate of MG
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five babies birth weight to g who developed bilateral pleural effusions as a complication of the use of central venous catheters are described the effusions occurred seven to days T3 initial placement or NC of a CE A-V catheter all required repeated thoracenteses to remove fluid accumulation of up to mlkgd the fluid was a clear transudate but it became chylous when feedings were given venograms and autopsies demonstrated one of the SVC with drainage occurring through collaterals to the azygous vein and VPI VC silastic gassterilized catheters implanted in animals for four and hours showed fibrin deposition when scanned by electron microscopy no deposition occurred on autoclaved catheters after four hours and there was minimal deposition after hours it may be concluded that the pleural effusions resulted from obstruction of thoracic QL into the venous system vena caval thrombosis may have been enhanced by chloroethanol or DDE oxide residues from gas sternoradrenaline and adrenaline showed crossed tachyphylaxis which depressed the responses to serotonin and vasopressin tachyphylaxis to serotonin and vasopressin did not depress the response to the other two agonists these findings support the conclusion that not only do noradrenaline and adrenaline share a ca pool but that so do serotonin and vasopressin these two agonists each require a separate ca pool
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the performance of two computer programs derek and topkat was examined with regard to predicting the outcome of the ames bacterial mutagenicity CA the results of over ames tests conducted at glaxo wellcome now glaxosmithkline during the last years on a wide variety of chemical classes were compared with the mutagenicity predictions of both computer programs derek was considered concordant with the ames CA if i the ames CA was negative not mutagenic and no structural alerts for mutagenicity were identified or ii the ames CA was positive mutagenic and at least one structural alert was identified conversely the derek SO was considered discordant if i the ames assay was negative and any structural alert was identified or ii the ames CA was positive and no structural alert was identified the overall concordance of the derek program with the ames results was and the overall discordance was based on over EDC about of the test molecules were outside the permissible limits of the optimum prediction space of topkat another of the compounds were either not processable or had indeterminate mutagenicity predictions these molecules were excluded from the topkat analysis if the topkat probability was i or the molecule was predicted to be mutagenic ii or the compound was predicted to be nonmutagenic and iii between and the prediction was considered indeterminate from over acceptable predictions the overall topkat concordance was and the overall discordance was while the overall concordance of the topkat program was higher than derek topkat fared more poorly than derek in the critical amespositive category where of the compounds were incorrectly predicted by topkat as negative but were mutagenic in the ames test for derek of the amespositive molecules had no structural alerts and were predicted to be nonmutagenic alternative methods of analyzing the output of the programs to increase the accuracy with amespositive compounds are discussed
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we conducted a hospitalbased crosssectional study among children aged years in thiqar governorate southeastern iraq in order to examine the prevalence risk factors and antimicrobial resistance associated with gastroenteritis caused by salmonella infection from diarrhoea cases enrolled between march and august · confidence interval ci ·· cases were stool culturepositive for NTS enterica the most commonly identified serovar was typhimurium multivariable LR analysis indicated that the odds of salmonella infection in children from households supplied by pipe water was · ci ·· times higher compared with those supplied with reverse osmosis treated water similarly children from households with domestic animals were found to have a higher odds or · ci ·· of being salmonella stool culturepositive the likelihood of salmonella infection was higher or · ci ·· among children belonging to caregiver with primary vs tertiary education C2 lower odds or · ci ·· of salmonella infection were associated with children exclusively breast fed as compared with those exclusively bottle fed salmonella infection was three times lower ci ·· in children belonging to caregiver who reported always washing hands T3 cleaning children following defecation vs those belonging to caregivers who did not wash hands the antimicrobial resistance profile by disc DWI revealed that nonsusceptibility to tetracycline · azithromycin · and ciprofloxacin · were the most commonly seen and · of salmonella isolates were classified as multidrug resistant this is the first study on prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of salmonella infection among children in this setting this work provides TPS epidemiological data which are crucial to understand and combat paediatric diarrhoea in iraq
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we assessed the influence of amifostine on immune reconstitution T3 conventionaldose paclitaxel ifosfamide cisplatin and highdose carboplatin etoposide and thiotepa followed by autologous IP blood CFU-GM pbpc rescue in patients with germ MCT gct a total of patients were treated with one cycle of paclitaxel and ifosfamide ti followed by granulocytecolony stimulating factor gcsf to mobilize pbpc three cycles of paclitaxel ifosfamide and cisplatin tip and one course of highdose carboplatin etoposide and TT cet plus pbpc rescue patients were randomized to receive an absolute dose of mg AMI group a n on each day of chemotherapy or no AMI group b n prior to each cycle of chemotherapy after hematologic engraftment from cet weeks and months Tx the subpopulations of lymphocytes were phenotyped between the two T0 CG no statistically significant differences were observed concerning reconstitution of lymphocyte subpopulations throughout treatment with tip or cet lymphocyte counts and their subpopulations remained low without severe clinical complications delayed reconstitution of the cd cell compartment after pbpc rescue was observed in both T0 groups but did not result in any severe or atypical infections treatment with AMI administered at this dose did not significantly influence the reconstitution of lymphocyte subpopulations low numbers of lymphocytes during chemotherapy and delayed reconstitution of cd cells and other lymphocyte subpopulations T3 pbpc rescue had no clinical relevance for patients with gct
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this study aims to evaluate the effects of radial bowing changes on fracture healing and PET results in adult forearm intramedullary nail applications and complications of forearm nails that have been discussed rarely in the literature
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the stimulatory effect of thyrotropinreleasing hormone trh on alphamelanocyte stimulating hormone msh secretion from the frog pars intermedia is mediated through the phospholipase c plc pathway but requires extracellular ca the aim of the present study was to investigate the respective contribution of extracellular and intracellular ca in the action of trh on cytosolic calcium concentration cai and alphamsh PR in normal conditions trh m s evoked two types of ca responses in of the cells trh caused a sustained and biphasic increase in cai while in of the cells trh only induced a transient response in the presence of egta or ni the stimulatory effect of trh on cai and alphamsh secretion was totally suppressed nifedipine m reduced by approximately the amplitude of the two types of ca responses whereas CTX gvia m suppressed the plateauphase of the SR indicating that the activation of ltype cachannels lcc is required for initiation of the ca response while ntype cachannels ncc are involved in the second phase of the response paradoxically neither nifedipine nor CTX gvia had any effect on trhinduced alphamsh secretion the plc inhibitor u m significantly reduced the transient increase in cai and totally suppressed the sustained phase of the ca response but had no effect on trhinduced alphamsh secretion the stimulatory effect of trh on plc activity was not effected by nifedipine and CTX gvia but was abolished in cafree medium ryanodine had no effect on the trhinduced stimulation of cai and alphamsh secretion concomitant administration of nifedipineomegaconotoxin gvia or uomegaconotoxin gvia markedly reduced the response to trh but did not affect trhevoked alphamsh PR in contrast concomitant administration of u and nifedipine significantly reduced the effect of trh on both cai and alphamsh PR taken together these data indicate that in melanotrope cells activation of trh receptors induces an initial ca influx through nifedipine and omegaconotoxininsensitive nisensitive cachannels which subsequently activates lcc and causes ca mobilization from intracellular pools by enhancing plc activity activation of the plc causes ca entry through ncc which is responsible for the plateauphase of sustained ca response although nifedipine and u separately used were devoid of effect on secretory response ca entry through lcc and mobilization of intracellular ca are both involved in trhevoked alphamsh PR because only one source of ca is sufficient for inducing maximal hormone PR in contrast the ca influx through ncc does not contribute to trhinduced alphamsh secretion
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we examined the effects of tetragastrin on mucin mucus glycoprotein content and mucosal damage in the rat stomach and duodenum following an injection of tetragastrin or microgkg subcutaneously no macroscopic damage was found to the gastric mucosa but an increase in corpus mucin content was noted whereas mucosal lesions appeared and the mucin content decreased in the duodenum in a doserelated manner in the CG with histamine or mgkg intraperitoneally administration the extent of mucosal damage and the decrease in mucin content were doserelated in both these regions for assessment of the effect of tetragastrin on the protective action in gastroduodenal mucosa changes in mucin content and mucosal damage with histamine mgkg induced injury were examined coadministration of TG prevented the gastric mucosal damage and inhibited the decrease in corpus mucin content in the duodenum TG aggravated the histamineinduced mucosal damage and did not inhibit the reduction of the mucin content from the present results the increase in gastric mucins induced by TG might be related to the protective effect of GM against injury tetragastrin did not protect the duodenal mucosa and histamineinduced injury occurring in this region would be aggravated by the increase in hcl secretion and the decrease in mucin content induced by TG
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recurrent bronchopulmonary and ent infections in a month old child with CR situs inversus suggested an ICS electron microscopy of the RE cilia demonstrated an ultra structural abnormality defective radial spokes typical of this recently discovered syndrome this case is similar to other cases in infants reported in the literature it shows that the clinical manifestations of ciliary dysfunction may occur soon after birth and that early PCD is desirable for optimal treatment the type of abnormality detected and the percentage of cilia affected demonstrate that the syndrome is congenital and not acquired and provide information of the degree of ciliary dyskinesia the genetic aspects are discussed a diagnosis of immotile cilia syndrome should systematically be envisaged in infants with recurrent pneumonia or otitis of unknown aetiology or when the clinical context SI family history is suggestive of the conditions
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intensive selection conducted within closed populations has led to the creation of specialized chicken strains that differ significantly in meat yield and reproduction performance the effect of the selection conducted on the birds is differentiation identified not only on the molecular but also on the cellular level among other things in the skeletal muscles the aim of this study was to compare the structure of chosen homological skeletal muscles from leghorn chickens lsl originating from parent flock intensively selected for reproductive traits and from conservative flock g unselected for many generations the structure of musculus pectoralis superficialis and musculus biceps femoris the thickness of the muscle MF and the share of the fibre types in the bundle in and week old chickens was compared a significant impact of the origin on all examined slaughter parameters was recorded body weight before slaughter carcass weight and the weight of breast and leg muscles in weeks old lsl chicken made up from to about of the respective values in the g leghorn lack of red fibres in the breast muscles of all the individuals from the parental flock lsl was noted whereas in individuals among from the conservative flock g red MF were observed in this muscle from up to white MF in week old chicks were always thicker both in pectoralis superficialis and biceps femoris muscle in birds with higher body weight as well as higher weight of breast and legs muscles ie in chicks from conservative flock g p however in week old birds the diameters of the WG fibres were similar in both CG also the diameters of the red MF in musculus BF in week old chickens were higher in cockerels and pullets from conservative flock g
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a vulvar case of nevus sebaceus is presented during the routine histopatological examination attention was drawn by several corpuscular structures immunohistochemistry demonstrated that they were sensory corpuscles identified respectively as meissnerlike and glomerular corpuscles nevertheless compared with typical meissner corpuscles from digital glabrous skin meissnerlike corpuscles identified here were bigger the axon showed an irregular course and the lamellar cells were smaller regarding the glomerular corpuscles they were bigger but with a normal arrangement of the corpuscular constituents these findings suggest that these cutaneous sensory corpuscles are part of the nevus sebaceus hamartoma
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strongyloides stercoralis the chief causative agent of human strongyloidiasis is a nematode globally distributed but mainly endemic in tropical and subtropical regions chronic infection is often clinically asymptomatic but it can result in severe hyperinfection syndrome or disseminated strongyloidiasis in ICP there is a great diversity of techniques used in diagnosing the disease but definitive diagnosis is accomplished by parasitological examination of stool samples for morphological identification of parasite until now no molecular method has been tested in urine samples as an alternative tend to miss the diagnoses of af and especially paroxysmal af due mainly to its asymptomatic presentation and the rather limited duration dedicated for monitoring for af after a stroke which is hours as per the current recommended guidelines hence determining the optimal duration of monitoring for PAF T3 acute ischemic stroke remains a matter of debate multiple trials were published in regard to this matter using both invasive and noninvasive monitoring strategies for different monitoring periods the data provided by these trials showcase strong evidence suggesting a longer monitoring strategy beyond hours is associated with higher detection rates of af with the higher percentage of patients detected consequently receiving proper secondary stroke prevention with anticoagulation and thus justifying the costeffectiveness of such measures overall we thus conclude that increasing the monitoring duration for af T3 a cryptogenic stroke to at least hours will indeed enhance the PCD rates but the costeffectiveness of this monitoring strategy compared to longer monitoring durations is yet to be established
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the effects of fasting and CE on gl uptake in skeletal muscles tibialis anterior quadriceps and soleus heart and brown adipose tissue bat were studied in conscious rats glucose uptake was estimated by determining the glucose metabolic index of individual tissues using the hdeoxyglucose method fasting for h at degrees c decreased PG C2 and glucose uptake in heart and skeletal muscles but did not significantly affect glucose uptake in bat fasting for h did not further decrease these parameters on the other hand CE h at degrees c of fed animals did not alter plasma glucose C2 but increased glucose uptake in heart skeletal muscles and particularly in bat fold remarkably CE stimulated gl uptake in bat and skeletal muscles of h fasted rats by the same order of magnitude as in fed animals percentagewise thereby indicating that gl represents an essential metabolite for shivering muscles and nonshivering bat thermogeneses in the heart of starved animals the coldinduced increase in gl uptake was even more important fold than in fed animals considering that cold exposure of fasted rats results in a severe insulinopenia it is suggested that cold SE stimulates glucose uptake in peripheral tissues primarily by enhancing gl oxidation via insulinindependent pathways
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neuromedin u nmu is a amino acid peptide prominently expressed in the upper gastrointestinal gi tract and CNS system it is highly conserved throughout evolution and induces smooth muscle contraction in a variety of species our understanding of nmu biology has been limited because the identity of its receptor was unknown here we demonstrate that gprfm is specifically stimulated by nmu causing the mobilization of intracellular calcium this response was dosedependent ec nm and TPS in that none of over ligands tested including other neuromedins nmb c l k n induced a calcium flux in gprfmtransfected cells the gprfm mrna is prominently expressed in the upper gi tract of humans as is the mrna for nmu consistent with role for this receptorligand pair in regulating the CF of this organ system in addition we show that whereas neuromedin u is expressed by monocytes and dendritic cells gprfm is expressed by TA and nk cells these data suggest a previously unrecognized role for nmu as an immunoregulatory molecule
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intracoronary nitroglycerin is frequently po during invasive procedures such as coronary angioplasty or thrombolysis which may be associated with pain and sympathetic neural stimulation whether sympatheticmediated reflex vasoconstriction interferes with nitroglycerininduced augmentation of coronary blood flow is unknown therefore coronary and systemic hemodynamics were measured in patients during isometric HG exercise min x maximal effort during intracoronary nitroglycerin and during handgrip plus intracoronary nitroglycerin nine patients had no significant LAD artery stenosis group and ten patients had greater than left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis group HG exercise increased HR rate MAP pressure and CS and great vein flow while increasing coronary resistance intracoronary nitroglycerin micrograms reduced MAP pressure and increased great cardiac vein flow anterior left ventricular regional coronary flow responses to intracoronary nitroglycerin were unaffected by sympathetic stimulation for group group had a greater increase in great vein flow with intracoronary nitroglycerin plus handgrip compared to nitroglycerin alone due to increased MAP pressure with no NC in the great vein resistance these data indicate that sympathetic stimulation does not alter the nitroglycerininduced augmentation of coronary sinus and great vein blood flow in patients with and without significant LAD i.a. stenosis in patients undergoing invasive interventions who may have increased circulating catecholamines mild sympathetic isometric stimulation does not appear to interfere with the coronary vasodilatory responses to intracoronary nitroglycerin
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the ciliumassociated respiratory car bacillus is a GN gliding bacterium that causes persistent RTIs in rodents despite histologic and serologic evidence of a marked immune response to assess humoral immunity and cytokine responses in car bacillus disease weekold female balbc and B6 mice were inoculated intratracheally with car bacillus organisms car bacillusspecific SS immunoglobulins immunoglobulin m igm igg igga iggb igg and iga and local pulmonary cytokines tumor CN factor alpha tnfalpha gamma interferon Th1 and interleukin il were evaluated by ELISA assay every days for days balbc mice developed car bacillusinduced lesions early in the course of disease that became more severe with time correlating with increasing disease severity balbc mice had elevations in all antibody isotypes tested and elevations in pulmonary TNF Th1 and il cbl mice developed mild lesions with mild increases in SS igm igg iggb and igg C2 and minimally detectable igga and iga cytokine perturbations were not detected in cbl mice the persistence of infection in balbc mice with vigorous SS antibody responses and increased Th1 and il responses suggests that humoral immunity and tcell responses are ineffective at preventing car bacillus disease furthermore the lackluster antibody responses and undetectable cytokine responses in B6 mice suggest that humoral immunity and tcell responses are not critical in resistance to car bacillusinduced disease
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the effect of ascorbic acid and ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid edta in the treatment of manicdepressive psychosis was compared using doubleblind procedures with recognized treatment regimes there was no significant difference between the response of depressed patients to amitriptyline or ascorbic acid and edta manic patients responded significantly better to lithium than to ascorbic acid and edta these results are in keeping with the suggestion that vanadium may be of aetiological importance in depressive psychosis but do not support such a suggestion for mania
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in the last years patients with antibody deficiency have benefited remarkably from regular replacement therapy with IM immune serum globulin in a proportion of patients this approach has not been successful in preventing sinopulmonary infections and progressive deterioration the introduction of preparations of IS globulin suitable for i.v. provided the potential for examining the effects of achieving higher SS igg C2 we have therefore evaluated and compared high vs low dose therapy in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia and sinopulmonary disease to achieve minimum trough serum igg C2 of mgdl we administered gkg every weeks high dose therapy proved efficacious in reducing symptoms decreasing the frequency of major and minor infections and significantly improving pulmonary function the improvement appeared to correlate with a marked reduction in the isolation of mycoplasma particularly ureaplasma urealyticum an important cause of infection in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia high dose therapy with ISG suitable for i.v. appears to be the treatment of choice in patients with sinopulmonary disease
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the agonist MICs of the CT cholecystokinin peptides sulfated cholecystokinin octapeptide ccks nonsulfated cholecystokinin octapeptide cckns pentagastrin and cck at the cloned human ccka receptor expressed in chinese hamster ovary cells were evaluated in two PET assays of receptor activation iccks displacement studies employing CM derived from these cells revealed the expected rank order of affinity for a number of cck receptor ligands ccks was a potent agonist in i stimulating the mobilization of intracellular free ca measured with the ca CS fluorescent indicator fura and ii stimulating increases in extracellular acidification rates measured by microphysiometry consistent with their lower affinities for ccka receptors cckns pentagastrin and cck were weaker agonists in both functional assays in addition these MMP exhibited partial agonist activity relative to the maximum response observed with ccks in both assays these results demonstrate that ccks represents the minimum ligand requirement for both high affinity and full agonist activity at the human ccka receptor subtype
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this report describes three patients who underwent a pyloruspreserving pancreaticoduodenectomy pppd and received maintenance hemodialysis due to chronic renal failure the three cases were diagnosed to have bile duct CA intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and carcinoma of the ampulla of vater respectively they underwent chronic hemodialysis for years they all underwent a pppd with CL node dissection the mean T0 time was min and mean BL was ml during the postoperative courses hemodialysis was restarted on postoperative day in all three cases in the three patients only minor complications were experienced and these were treated conservatively the mean postoperative hospital stay was days two patients are still alive and months T3 the T0 respectively but the other patient died of another disease months after the pppd a pppd may therefore be safe and feasible even in patients receiving chronic hemodialysis
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to determine the types of enterocytozoon bieneusi strains associated with intestinal microsporidiosis we developed a rapid and efficient approach for typing parasites obtained from stool specimens by pcrrestriction fragment length polymorphism pcrrflp typing was based on dna polymorphism of the ribosomal dna internal transcribed spacer its region of e bieneusi rflps generated with two restriction enzymes nlaiii and fnuhi in pcramplified its products were used to classify strains into different lineages this approach was successfully used to differentiate strains that had been obtained from the stools of patients with intestinal microsporidiosis among the strains we found four genetically unrelated lineages showing the genetic diversity of e bieneusi type i strains of e bieneusi were found in a majority of the samples accounting for of the microsporidiosis cases in contrast type ii iii and iv strains were found in only and cases respectively all strains of e bieneusi we have tested so far fall into one of four different lineages and this study shows that human intestinal microsporidiosis is most often associated with type i strains pcrrflp analysis of the its region of e bieneusi should be useful for epidemiological studies
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capillary damage induced in sheep by intravenous infusion of escherichia coli endotoxin OA acid or air emboli causes the appearance in lung CL of a serine protease with trypsinlike activity the time course of the appearance of the enzyme and the extent of its activity increase indicate a close association with capillary injury the enzyme was isolated from AS CL T3 a fold purification by AC on reactive blueagarose aprotininagarose and paminobenzamidineagarose columns the protein molecular mass of kda is composed of two polypeptide chains of and kda linked by disulfide bonds studies with synthetic peptide and thioester substrates showed preferential cleavage of substrates having two or more basic amino acids and the importance for activity of secondary ES interactions at sites removed from the scissile bond the specificity of the enzyme and its pattern of sensitivity to inhibition by a series of isocoumarin derivatives distinguish it from enzymes of the clotting and complement systems and also from tissue plasminogen activator and lung and skin tryptase the origin of the enzyme its role in capillary damage and its physiological CF remain to be established
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ca transport by cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum is tightly coupled with the enzymatic activity of cadependent atpase which forms and decomposes an intermediate phosphoenzyme heart sarcoplasmic reticulum ca pump is regulated by campdependent protein kinase pka phospholamban phosphorylation which results in a stimulation of the initial rates of ca transport and ca atpase activity in the present studies we found that acylphosphatase from heart muscle used at concentrations within the physiological range actively hydrolyzes the phosphoenzyme of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum ca pump with an apparent km on the order of m suggesting an high affinity of the enzyme for this special ATP in unphosphorylated LDV acylphosphatase enhanced the rate of atp hydrolysis and ca uptake with a concomitant significant decrease in apparent km for ca and atp in LDV whose phospholamban was pkaphosphorylated acylphosphatase also stimulated the rate of ca uptake and atp hydrolysis but to a lesser extent and the km values for ca and atp were not significantly different with respect to those found in the absence of acylphosphatase these findings suggest that acylphosphatase owing to its hydrolytic effect accelerates the turnover of the phosphoenzyme intermediate with the consequence of an enhanced activity of ca pump it is known that phosphorylation of phospholamban results in an increase of the rate at which the EP is decomposed thus as discussed a competition between phospholamban and acylphosphatase effect on the EP might be proposed to explain why the stimulation induced by this enzyme is less marked in pkaphosphorylated than in unphosphorylated HR LDV
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the purpose of this study was to evaluate wear debris in periprosthetic tissues at the time of revision total elbow arthroplasty polyethylene metallic and PMMA debris were characterized and the tissue response was quantified
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osteoarthritic chondrocytes oc produce excessive prostaglandin e pge and nitric oxide no which function as inflammation mediators in the pathogenesis of OA oa this study examined the effect of cla CT and in combination with other pufa on the fa composition and the production of pge and no in oc cultures isolated from oa patients human oc were grown in monolayer and treated with one of the following pufa treatments cla cla AA acid claaa cla epa claepa LA la la aa laaa la epa laepa and ethanol as a vehicle control at and microm for d supplementation of pufa at microm for d did not introduce any cytotoxic effects or morphological changes in oc whereas microm resulted in apoptosis cultures of oc treated with cla claaa and claepa had higher concentrations of cla isomers and these isomers were ND in other treatments supplementation of cla or la alone to the oc led to a lower pge production compared to the control combination of claepa resulted in the lowest pge production in cultured oc oc cultures treated with cla were lower in no production than the control whereas the laaa treatment demonstrated the lowest no production the fact that cla alone or in combination with other pufa modulated pge and no production in human oc cultures suggests that these isomers may have the potential to influence oa pathogenesis
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the present experiment measured the DP of conditioned responses across conditioningtesting trials which were elicited by an intraoral presentation of either a lithium or an amphetaminepaired flavor a nonspecific conditioned response DP of suppressed limb flicking T3 five conditioning trials and of suppressed scratching T3 six conditioning trials was supported by both drugs lithiumspecific increased activity level after one conditioning trial and chin rubbing after two conditioning trials were observed across conditioningtesting days the lithiumspecific CRs were not the result of a stronger flavor aversion because both lithium and amphetamine produced equivalent flavor avoidance responses across the conditioningtesting trials the results support previous research which suggests that flavor aversions produced by lithium and amphetamine are produced by different unconditioned response mechanisms
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a novel glycosaminoglycanlike sulfated polysaccharide aap from the pleopods of haliotis discus hannai ino was purified by deae ion exchange chromatography followed with s hr geltrion chromatography chemical composition analysis indicated that aap was composed of galactosamine GlcA fucose galactose with a ratio of the content of sulfate was the average molecular weight mw was kda in a tsk g column further ir d d nmr spectroscopic analysis of the correlation signals of different sugar units gave a proposal repeating structure as follows chemical structure see the text in vitro anticoagulant CA indicated aap prolonged both the APTT time aptt and thrombin time tt with a umg and umg compared with standard heparin respectively the anticoagulant property of aap was mainly attributed to powerful potentiation thrombin by AT iii
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the aim of this invivo perfusion study in humans was to investigate the influence of a penetration enhancer sodium caprate on the rectal absorption of phenoxymethylpenicillin and antipyrine six subjects male and female were included in two separate studies using perfusion solution of different ph t and t respectively each invivo rectal perfusion investigation lasted for min and consisted of two periods of min the first serving as a control and sodium caprate being added in the second period in both t and t the concentrations of phenoxymethylpenicillin antipyrine and C10 in the outlet perfusate were assayed by hplc as was the plasma concentrations of PCV at ph min the fraction absorbed fabs and effective permeability peff of PCV were and x cm s respectively and remained unaffected by the addition of C10 when the same subjects were perfused at ph the fabs and peff of PCV were and x cm s min respectively also remaining unchanged by addition of sodium caprate min it was possible to determine the plasma auc of phenoxymethylpenicillin after addition of sodium caprate in three subjects at both phs this was in the range of and min micromol l at ph and respectively interestingly there was a rho between peff for C10 and the individual plasma auc and cmax of phenoxymethylpenicillin which indicates that the permeability of the enhancer in the tissue upon which it should act is crucial for achieving an effect the fabs and the peff of AP were not affected at either ph when sodium caprate was added to the perfusion solution in conclusion the plasma pharmacokinetics of PCV suggested a slightly increased rectal absorption at ph in subjects where sodium caprate was transported into the rectal tissue however the increased peff for PCV wastoo small to detectfrom the outlet perfusate which suggests that sodium caprate CT has a limited effect on the permeability invivo across the rectal epithelium when it is presented in a solution
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acute lymphoblastic leukemia all is a clonal proliferation of early b and tlymphocyte progenitors and results in the accumulation of leukemic blasts in the bone marrow and various extramedullary sites it affects both children and adults with peak prevalence between the ages of to years despite current treatment protocols achieving rapid cytoreduction in the vast majority of patients serious acute and late complications are frequent and resistance to chemotherapy often develops in contrast to the successes obtained with pediatric patients treatment outcomes for adults remain poor with only of patients being LT survivors extensive research in the field of all has helped understand the mechanisms that control leukemic cells facilitating the design of new drugs that specifically interfere with leukemic pathways and overcome chemoresistance induced by common treatment regimens herein we review the current status of the OD of novel antileukemic agents with emphasis on small molecular inhibitors that have already translated into clinical trials and are in the advanced stages of preclinical OD challenges to successful OD of each strategy are discussed
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the effects of the bradycardic agent ulfs on hemodynamic and segmental parameters were studied in a canine MM of exerciseinduced myocardial dysfunction which mimics exerciseinduced AP ten dogs trained to S1 to five TM exercise cycles consisting of min of running and min of REC were chronically instrumented with a microtip manometer in the LV two pairs of crystals for sonomicrometry a hydraulic occluder around the circumflex CB of the left coronary artery and arterial and venous catheters control experiments with coronary stenosis clarified the reproducibility of exerciseinduced regional contractile dysfunction and REC of CF in the intervening resting periods in each individual dog a similar degree of stenosis was used in the subsequent experiments with ulfs T3 two control runs which exhibited regional contractile dysfunction of comparable magnitude ulfs was i.v. at a dosage of mgkg min dogs or mgkg min dogs both doses of ulfs markedly reduced HR rate without alteration of left ventricular positive dpdtmax at rest and during exercise a marked improvement of regional CF in the area perfused by the stenosed PD was also observed during exercise this beneficial effect of selective bradycardia here observed with ulfs remains to be confirmed in clinical trials
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the aim of this T0 was to assess the effect of corticosteroids administered intra and postoperatively on the occurrence of facial palsy T3 a cerebellopontine angle cpa tumor resection and to investigate pre and intraoperative prognostic AF a multicenter prospective randomized doubleblind and versusplacebo study was conducted between and three hundred and ten patients operated on for a cpa RT vestibular schwannomas miscellaneous were included by five participating centers the population was stratified into patients with small ⤠mm cpa on axial mri views and large tumors in each group patients were randomized to receive corticosteroid mgkgday iv methylprednisolone intraoperatively and at PODs or PL CS did not affect the facial function at postoperative days and in patients with small or large PT as evaluated by house and brackmann grading
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background detection of diseaseassociated mutations in patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia is crucial for early interventions to reduce risk of cardiovascular disease screening for these mutations represents a methodological challenge since more than different causal mutations in the MDA-LDL receptor has been identified a number of methodological approaches have been developed for screening by clinical diagnostic laboratories methods using primers targeting the MDA-LDL receptor apolipoprotein b and proprotein convertase subtilisinkexin type we developed a novel ion torrentbased targeted resequencing method we validated this in a west midlandsuk small cohort of patients screened in parallel with other mutationtargeting methods such as multiplex PCR reaction elucigene fh oligonucleotide arrays randox familial hypercholesterolaemia array or the illumina nextgeneration sequencing platform results in this small cohort the nextgeneration sequencing method achieved excellent analytical performance characteristics and showed and concordance with the randox array and the elucigene fh CA investigation of the discrepant results identified two cases of mutation misclassification of the elucigene fh multiplex polymerase RT-PCR a number of novel mutations not previously reported were also identified by the nextgeneration sequencing method conclusions ion torrentbased nextgeneration sequencing can deliver a suitable alternative for the molecular investigation of FH patients especially when comprehensive mutation screening for rare or unknown mutations is required
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this study investigated the presence of the neurotensinrelated hexapeptide lant in retinal ganglion cells and their central projections in the turtle pseudemys scripta elegans ICC techniques demonstrated that many of the cells in the ganglion cell layer of the turtle retina could be labeled with an antiserum specific for lant radioimmunoassay and chromatographic analysis confirmed the presence of lantrelated peptides in retina as well as brain several molecular forms of lant were observed some larger than lant characterization of the cells labeled in the GCL layer in terms of their cell body size and their dendritic arborization patterns revealed that at least specific lantpositive cell types were present in the ganglion cell layer morphologically the lantpositive cells strongly resembled turtle GCs as previously described in addition two other lines of evidence supported this interpretation first doublelabel studies were performed in which retinal ganglion cells projecting to the tectum were retrogradely labeled by hrp injected into the tectum using a cobalt chloride colormodified dab RP and immunocytochemically labeled with dab using the antiserum against lant these doublelabel studies revealed that many of the lantpositive cells in the ganglion cell layer in the portion of the retina labeled retrogradely by the hrp i.t. did project to the tectum within the retrogradely labeled portion of the retina lantpositive cells that were not labeled retrogradely as well as SN labeled retrogradely that did not contain lant were also observed second the CE projections of lantpositive cells of the GCL SL were examined by studying the effects of monocular enucleation on the distribution of lantpositive SF in the CE projection targets of the turtle retina two to weeks after enucleation a substantial reduction in lantpositive fibers was observed in all retinal target Az CL to the enucleated eye radioimmunoassay and chromatographic studies confirmed the presence of lantrelated peptides in the turtle brain and corroborated the reduction of lant observed in the contralateral tectum following monocular enucleation previous studies have demonstrated that lantrelated material is present in cells of the ganglion cell layer in a variety of vertebrates the present results indicate that lant is in ganglion cells and that it may play a role in neurotransmission between retinal ganglion cells and their central target areas
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although cancer of the vagina a rare form of genital cancer is usually squamous cell carcinoma in women over the age of years vaginal clear cell adenocarcinomas cca are exceedingly rare the pathogenesis of clear cell adenocarcinoma is uncertain but as a clinical entity it is most commonly associated with diethylstilbestrol exposure in utero we report a rare case of primary vaginal cca in a yearold female who was not exposed to DES in utero the case which was complicated with chromosomal abnormality was treated with combination chemotherapy to our knowledge this is the first reported case of vaginal cca in a woman with chromosomal abnormality and bicornate uterus
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with the rapidly growing understanding of tumor biology molecular staging of cancer is expected to improve prognostication this would be particularly important for cancers amenable to adjuvant treatment such as CRCs to generate data for this the tissue microarray technique may prove useful tissue microarrays were constructed with triplicate cores mm diameter from the invasive margins of a consecutive singleinstitution series of CRCs IS for p p p ecadherin and betacatenin was scored RT cell proliferation was assessed by MI and ki labeling apoptosis by quantification of ABs reduced nuclear immunostaining for p and p or and reduced membranous expression of EC were significantly associated with a poorer clinical course by univariate analysis betacatenin immunostaining hades experiments were conducted to examine ribosome synthesis and translational activity in the two ermb strains at intervals during growth in the presence of each antibiotic cell viability and s S1 formation were dramatically reduced in the s pneumoniae strain during continued growth with either drug by contrast the ketolides had little effect on the s pyogenes CS growing with the antibiotics the results indicate that ketolides have a reduced GABA effect on translation and s S1 synthesis in s pyogenes with the ermb gene compared with the other strains examined
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menopause is associated with increased neurokinin b nkb mRNA and decreased proopiomelanocortin pomc mRNA in the human hypothalamus in the present study young ovariectomized cynomolgus monkeys were used in a MM of menopause to examine the effects of HRT hrt on hypothalamic neuropeptide mRNA a AA goal was to determine whether hrt produces signs of estrogen toxicity in the primate hypothalamus by examining pomc SN and microglial cells in situ hybridization was performed using synthetic radiolabeled base oligonucleotide probes alphanapthyl butyrate esterase histochemistry was used to visualize microglial cells both estrogen and estrogen plus progesterone treatments produced a marked suppression of the number of infundibular neurons expressing nkb gene transcripts in contrast hrt had no effect on the pomc system of SN or the number of microglial cells in the infundibular nucleus these results provide strong support for the hypothesis that the increased nkb gene expression in the hypothalamus of PM women is AA to estrogen withdrawal conversely these data suggest that the dramatic decline in the numbers of neurons expressing pomc gene transcripts in older women is caused by factors other than ovarian failure finally we found no evidence that hrt in doses designed to mimic currently prescribed regimens produces signs of estrogen toxicity in the primate infundibular nucleus
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postoperative chylothorax may occur following any intrathoracic surgical procedure in children from january through february children aged month to years had chylothorax listed among their discharge diagnoses initial therapy for all patients consisted of chest tube placement for pleural space drainage and NS with either enteral formulas enriched with mediumchain triglycerides or TPN both total parenteral nutrition and mediumchain triglycerideenriched EN regimens provided adequate nutritional support in these children five of the experienced lymphopenia AA to chylous lymphocyte loss infections were diagnosed in patients during hospitalization one was a fatal viral pneumonitis no correlation between infectious complications and lymphocyte count could be demonstrated
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video games contain elaborate reinforcement and reward schedules that have the potential to maximize motivation neuroimaging studies suggest that video games might have an influence on the reward system however it is not clear whether rewardrelated properties represent a precondition which biases an individual toward playing video games or if these changes are the result of playing video games therefore we conducted a longitudinal study to explore rewardrelated functionain and VE growth factor vegf into the core of polyllactic acidcoÉcaprolactone pllacl coreshell nanofibers via w/o/w electrospinning the fiber morphology coreshell structure and hydrophilicity of the nanofiber mats were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy transmission electron microscopy and water contact angle the blood compatibility was measured by hemolysis and anticoagulation testing a cck CA was performed to study the promotion of EC CFU-GM epc growth and was complemented by immunofluorescent staining and sem our study demonstrates that heparin and vegf can be incorporated into pllacl nanofibers via emulsion the released heparin performed well as an anticoagulant and the released vegf promoted epc growth on the fiber scaffolds these results imply that electrospun pllacl nanofibers containing heparin and vegf have great potential in the OD of vascular grafts in cases where antithrombogenicity and accelerated endothelialization are desirable
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the authors present their experience with thin LD perforatorbased free flaps for resurfacing defects perforatorbased free flaps have been used for various kinds of reconstruction by presenting important donor structures the thin latissimus dorsi perforatorbased free flap included only the skin and superficial adipose SL to reduce its bulkiness by dissection through the SF fascial plane this flap was used in clinical cases without flap necrosis or other serious postoperative complications all of the patients were examined by preoperative power doppler ultrasound in the spectral doppler mode to search for the most reliable perforator this noninvasive ultrasound technique determines the exact location and course of and ensures the reliable flow of the perforators therefore it greatly assists microsurgeons in saving operation time and in selecting the most suitable design for perforator flap reconstruction we used perforators that were identified several centimeters from the lateral border of the latissimus dorsi muscle the thin flap dimensions could be safely designed for flaps measuring up to cm in length and cm in width for PC of the donor site generally a long pedicle is not required for resurfacing reconstructions where small recipient arteries in the bed are acceptable for anastomosis with pedicles however pedicle dissection to the proximal vessels through the latissimus dorsi muscle was required when it was necessary to match the recipient vein for anastomosis the authors conclude that this thin LD perforatorbased free flap has great potential for resurfacing because of its constant thickness easy elevation with the help of PD ultrasound information and proper flap size for moderate defects caused by scar contracture release SF tumor ablation and so on
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pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor ppi that binds irreversibly and specifically to the proton pump thereby reducing GAS pantoprazole has a relatively long duration of action compared with other ppis and a lower propensity to become G1 in slightly acidic body compartments to date no drugdrug interactions have been identified with pantoprazole in numerous interaction studies overall in the ST weeks initial treatment of gastrooesophageal reflux disease a condition that occurs when the reflux of gastric contents causes troublesome symptoms andor complications and LT months maintenance therapy oral pantoprazole or mgday demonstrated similar tau to omeprazole lansoprazole and esomeprazole and greater tau than histamine type receptor antagonists pantoprazole is also ERP in treating and preventing nsaidrelated gastric and GD injury the optimal AD oral dose for gastric acidrelated disorders is pantoprazole mg once daily although data are limited pantoprazole or mgday was effective and well tolerated in the treatment of acidrelated disorders in children and adolescents pantoprazole was also well tolerated in adults with acidrelated disorders in short and longterm studies thus pantoprazole is a valuable agent for the management of acidrelated disorders
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ten cases of gastric mucosaassociated lymphoidtissue bcell lymphoma were studied on surgical specimens by histology and immunohistochemistry with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies for b and tcells for the first time percentage of centroblastlike cells was appreciated using their ln positivity by opposition to the N1 of CCL cells ln immunoreactivity alone lymphomas were divided into four main groups a centrocytelike cells b centrocytelike cells and IC c centrocytelike cells admixed to centroblastlike cells and d CCL cells immunocytoma and at least of centroblastlike cells group c was divided into subgroups c rare centroblastlike cells c of centroblastlike cells and c predominant centroblastlike cells therefore low grade a b c and high grade malignancy groups c c d were identified this preliminary subdivision could be extended in larger series and applied to mucosaassociated lymphoidtissue lymphoma from other sites furthermore the possible prognostic significance of this subdivision could be evaluated by rho with long term followup
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prior research had indicated that moderate maternal ethanol consumption during gestation affected the growth of the CC and anterior commissure in balbc mice when measured at day PC our purpose was to assess whether or not this was an enduring effect Pr balbccrbl mice were fed ethanol vv in the drinking water from days to postconception control animals received an isocaloric SU solution and were pairfed to the exp animals an additional control group fed laboratory chow AL was included using a splitlitter design BB OD was assessed on days and postconception and behavioral OD of the pups was measured on day the ethanoltreated offspring had lower BB weights at both ages as well as a smaller crosssectional area of the anterior commissure on day which was significantly related to the smaller brain weight there was no apparent effect of ethanol on the area of the CC at either age similarly behavioral OD was not affected by the treatment although eyeopening was delayed in ethanoltreated animals measures of MB indicated that the animals consuming alcohol were more active than those in the control CG an unexpected finding was that the control group fed SU appeared to be adversely affected the body weight of these pups was lower as was the area of the CC at day
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the most important feature of RA atrial isomerism in the heart is the presence of both atria with morphologically right atrial appendages the main aim of this study was to do a description of clinical and echocardiographic findings in AD patients with right atrial isomerism a total of eleven consecutive patients were identified with a diagnosis of RA atrial isomerism and complex congenital heart disease a complete clinical history and transthoracic andor transesophageal echocardiography were performed in all patients also a cardiac catheterization was realized in seven patients the FC according the NYHA was i in one patient ii in and iii in the laboratory studies showed severe polyglobulia in cases howelljolly HB were present the electrocardiogram showed migratory pacemaker in the of cases the cardiac position was dextrocardia in six patients and levocardia in five six patients had complete atrioventricular septal defects double inlet and one absence of a RA atrioventricular connection the most frequent ventriculoarterial connection was doubleinlet in patients in cases hypoplasia of the pulmonary i.a. was found six patients had severe PS and one pulmonary atresia the PV drainage was into the leftsided atrium in cases into the rightsided atrium in into the midline of the atrium through a collector in cases and by vertical vein in one insufficiency of the atrioventricular valve was found in cases three patients went to surgery for implantation of a fistula it is a series of AD patients with right atrial isomerism and complex congenital HR disease that survived to AD live the clinical and echocardiographic assessment actually allows establishing the correct diagnosis to take therapeutic decisions and to do the followup in all patients till now we could not yet determine the differences of these patients in relation to the general population when they develop chronic degenerative disease
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AC has a poor intrinsic capacity for selfrepair the advent of autologous chondrocyte implantation has provided a feasible method to treat cartilage defects however the associated drawbacks with the isolation and expansion of chondrocytes from autologous tissue has prompted research into alternative cell sources such as mesenchymal stem cells mscs which have been found to exist in the bone marrow as well as other joint tissues such as the infrapatellar fat pad ifp synovium and within the synovial fluid itself in this work we assessed the chondrogenic potential of ifpderived porcine cells over a week period in agarose hydrogel culture in terms of mechanical properties PSA content and histology it was found that ifp cells underwent robust chondrogenesis as assessed by glycosaminoglycan ww and collagen ww accumulation after days of SC the hz dynamic modulus of the engineered tissue at this time point was kpa the removal of tgfbeta from SC after days was shown to have a significant effect on both the mechanical properties and PSA content of ifp constructs after days with minimal increases occurring from day to day without contiith shorter survival but mean age at death was similar for RRMS and PPMS patients the most frequent underlying cause of death was ms and infection was often registered as a contributory cause the allcause standardized mortality ratio was excess mortality was most marked during the second decade after ON of ms we conclude that infections are probably the main cause of death in patients with ms but the frequency is underestimated due to misleading information on death certificates excess mortality in patients with ms first appeared during the second decade of the disease survival seems to be agedependent rather than related to disease course
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bombesin is a potent releaser of many gut and pancreatic hormones including gastrin glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide gip pancreatic polypeptide pp cholecystokinin cck enteroglucagon and insulin three rat bombesinlike peptides gastrinreleasing peptide grp neuromedin c nmc or grp and NB nmb and two bombesin receptor subtypes grp preferring and nmb preferring have been characterized we used a highly potent selective antagonist of the grppreferring receptor dphebombesinemethylester dphebnome to determine the receptor AT1 mediating bombesininduced secretion of gastrin gip pp peptide yy pyy and insulin as well as the importance of endogenous bombesinlike MMP in controlling basal secretion of these hormones unanesthetized rats received femoral vein infusion of saline bombesin nmolkgh dphebnome nmolkgh or bombesin plus dphebnome blood was withdrawn from jugular vein catheters before and min T3 the start of infusions plasma gastrin gip pp pyy and insulin were measured by TPS radioimmunoassays dphebnome CT reduced basal insulin levels by p but did not alter basal levels of plasma pp gip pyy or gastrin p for ebic ALA and amebic empyema were thus diagnosed with pleural tube drainage and percutaneous ALA drainage metronidazole gday was administered T3 administering this drug the high temperature normalized and the patients general condition improved significantly recently amebic infections have been reported in increased numbers especially in male homosexuals and ICP henceforth amebic infection should be considered when pleural effusion and empyema are suspected
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refugees are at risk for poor outcomes from acute respiratory infections ari because of overcrowding suboptimal living conditions and malnutrition we implemented surveillance for respiratory viruses in dadaab and kakuma refugee camps in kenya to characterize their role in the epidemiology of ari among refugees
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four cases of AR generalized myotonia are reported attention is drawn to the fact that this condition represents a disease entity distinct from the myotonia congenita of thomsen which is transmitted as an AD trait the clinical features of the two conditions are similar apart from minor quantitative differences the family PH is the L1 tool for the differential diagnosis the possibility of the PCD of heterozygotes by electromyography is discussed
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the clinical tau and adverse reaction profile of bupropion an atypical antidepressant was compared with the tricyclic imipramine in elderly depressives patients were randomly assigned to treatment with or mgday of bupropion mgday of imipramine or placebo for days both doses of bupropion were equivalent to imipramine in antidepressant tau the higher dose of bupropion had a more rapid ON of effect than the low dose and significantly greater anxiolytic activity than either imipramine or the lower dose both doses of bupropion had adverse reaction profiles strikingly similar to placebo and in marked contrast to imipramine did not produce sedation or anticholinergic side effects cognition improved equally in all groups it was concluded that BUP has therapeutic advantages over the tricyclics in the treatment of elderly depressives
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hepatocyte growth factor hgf is a stromal cellderived cytokine that can stimulate invasion and metastasis of carcinoma cells recent studies have shown that the SS hgf concentration is elevated in patients with gastric cancer and may be a useful disease marker however the origin of the elevated SS hgf remains undetermined we investigated the site of hgf production by analyzing the relationships between the hgf expression in tumor tissues the SS hgf concentrations and inflammation in patients with gastric cancer the SS and tissue hgf concentrations were measured by an ELISA CA the serum hgf concentration was higher than the normal cutoff level ngml in of the patients surgical removal of the RT significantly reduced the serum hgf concentration suggesting that the RT tissue was responsible for the increase western blotting analysis showed that the hgf protein was expressed in out of tumor tissues the concentration of hgf in the tumor tissue was significantly higher than that in normal gastric mucosa significant correlation was found between tissue hgf concentrations and serum hgf concentrations no significant correls in the absence of invasive eye disease p aeruginosa is a relatively common cause of conjunctivitis in hospitalized preterm and low birth weight infants given the severity of the ocular and systemic complications of pseudomonas conjunctivitis clinicians are reminded that prompt PCD and treatment of neonatal conjunctivitis is critical
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the objective of the present T0 was to translate adapt and validate a brazilian portuguese version of the disabilities of the arm shoulder and hand dash questionnaire the T0 was carried out in two steps the first was to translate the dash into portuguese and to perform cultural adaptation and the second involved the determination of the reliability and validity of the dash for the brazilian population for this purpose rheumatoid arthritis patients of either sex according to the classification criteria of the american college of rheumatology ranging in age from to years and presenting no other diseases involving the upper limbs were interviewed the patients were selected consecutively at the rheumatology OP clinic of unifesp the following results were obtained in the first step translation and cultural adaptation all patients answered the questions in the second step spearmans correlation coefficients for interobserver evaluation ranged from to values considered to be highly reliable in addition ICCs ranged from to also highly reliable values spearmans rho coefficients and the ICCs obtained during intraobserver DUE ranged from to and from to respectively being highly reliable values the ritchie index showed a weak correlation with brazilian dash scores while the visual analog scale of pain showed a good correlation with dash score we conclude that the portuguese version of the dash is a portant role in the tau of the drugs
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patients with prior AR ar to radiographic contrast media rcm are at increased risk for another reaction upon repeat exposure to rcm one hundred one patients who had prior ar to rcm who gave IC and who had an essential need for a repeat rcm T0 were pretreated with prednisone mg orally every hours for doses ending one hour prior to rcm T0 and diphenhydramine mg intramuscularly one hour prior to rcm T0 the repeat rcm study was then carried out using standard procedures with resuscitation equipment readily available ninetysix patients had no reaction five of the developed ar these ar consisted only of mild urticaria or pruritus no significant or lifethreatening reactions occurred pretreatment decreases the risk in this population of patients and is recommended as standard prophylaxis for patients requiring rcm who have had a previous ar
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micrornas mirnas are posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression and TPS mircorna fingerprints are thought to contribute to andor reflect certain disease conditions recently we identified surprisingly homogeneous signatures of circulating mirnas in the SS of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis als patients which were already present in presymptomatic carriers of als gene mutations here we characterize circulating mirnas in the SS of sporadic als patients we show that in contrast to familial als mirna signatures of SALS are highly heterogeneous suggesting a number of different etiologies nevertheless mirnas mirp and mir could be identified to be consistently downregulated in sporadic als bioinformatic analysis revealed mirna fingerprints resembling those of FALS patients and mutation carriers in of sporadic als patients while the remaining subgroup had clearly different mirna signatures these data support a higher than expected contribution of genetic factors also to sporadic als moreover our results indicate a more heterogeneous molecular etiology of SALS compared with monogenic cases which should be considered for the development of disease modifying treatments
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this T0 investigated the effectiveness of a relaxation procedure that combines a concentration aid in the form of biofeedback with elements of approved EC50 procedures ten subjects completed two sessions one with and one without feedback half of the subjects started with the feedback session and then completed the session without feedback the other half had the reverse order in the exp procedure subjects had to concentrate on their exhalation being supported by respiratory feedback in the BG they heard slow movements of baroque music and relaxationsuggesting sentences the control procedure contained only background music and relaxationsuggesting sentences both procedures elicited a trophotropic response finger temperature increased while skin conductance level number of skin conductance responses and muscle tension decreased however with respiratory FB and meditation there was an additional TPS effect a decrease in QO2 and heart rate to an extent not found in the control procedure it is suggested that exhalation FB helps to concentrate on the exhalation process and by this means slows QO2 rate and as a consequence also HR rate therefore respiratory feedback could be a useful tool for inducing EC50 and slowing of HR rate
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the effects of LT husband absence on wives AS reaction and childcare anxiety were examined in a crosssectional and longitudinal T0 women whose husband was transferred together with his family taidofunin n and those without his tanshinfunin n completed a questionnaire of their own AS reaction and childcare anxiety five years later they were again asked to complete the same questionnaire of those who participated in the second survey husbands of wives were still away as tanshinfunin those of returned and rejoined his family and families remaiinding capacity of mgml gel depending on the flowrate the recovery of egg WG proteins in the course of MSD chromatography was the displacer could be removed quantitatively from the protein fractions by thermal precipitation at degrees c coprecipitation of lysozyme with the displacer was minimal in the presence of vv acetonitrile while the lysozyme enzymatic activity in the supernatant was completely retained addition of free imidazole to the mobile phase increased the rate of protein desorption and allowed better separation of egg WG proteins and the displacer in the course of chromatography the displacement profile of the egg white extract consisted of three zones with different distributions of individual proteins characterised by sdspage regeneration of the column was easily performed with m edta in m sodium chloride ph followed by washing with DW and reloading with cu the displacer could also be regenerated by thermal precipitation at degrees c and subsequent dialysis against dilute hydrochloric acid ph
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twocolor fluorescence immunohistochemistry was used to identify and map the distribution of nerve processes immunoreactive for both serotonin and substance p in the rat brainstem doubly labeled SF were observed throughout the BS but tended to be densest in cranial nerve motor nuclei and in Rt regions of the VP medulla in the trigeminal motor nucleus the FN and the spinal accessory nucleus the majority of serotonergic varicosities also appeared to contain substance p in the occulomotor nucleus and the HG nucleus the numbers of doublelabeled and singlelabeled serotonergic varicosities were roughly equal thus coexistence of substance p with serotonin was common in many cell groups innervating skeletal muscle the proportion of doublelabeled varicosities was significantly lower in the nucleus of the solitary tract wherein singlelabeled varicosities were much more common doublelabeled fibers and varicosities were also significantly less common in the spinal TG nucleus in addition doublelabeling appeared to be uncommon in regions involved in the processing of special sensory information eg auditory vestibular and visual pathways these results demonstrate a subpopulation of serotonergic fibers immunoreactive for substance p in the brainstem of the rat the consistently high density of doublelabeled processes in cranial nerve motor nuclei suggests that as may be the case in the spinal cord neurons containing serotonin and substance p regulate the activity of motoneurons that innervate skeletal muscle in addition they may be involved in other aspects of the function of the BS
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an electronic circuit is described for minimizing or eliminating muscle artifact in eegs the principle of T0 of the circuit is that of a relatively high frequency hz sampleandhold procedure which is interrupted for the duration of a muscle potential detection of the presence of the latter is based on a steepness criterion with a manually adjusted threshold the circuit is primarily ERP for repetitive single muscle spikes it is not ERP if there is a continuous muscle interference DP but it can still be useful if the muscle interference pattern is not truly continuous very sharp eeg spikes may also be eliminated or at least altered but less sharp eeg spikes can be passed with little or no change in their wave form
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the description of two additional cases of PD disease in haemophiliacs is reported both patients are affected by mild haemophilia a the first one was not aware of his coagulation disorder and therefore he had never been treated with fviii concentrates despite the occurrence of severe and recurrent articular and gastric one episodes he underwent cardiac catheterization that gave evidence of extensive coronary atherosclerosis percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty ptca was then performed the second patient had an VPI myocardial infarction influence of cardiovascular risk factors in haemophiliacs and the possible role of thrombosis in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis are discussed
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modern cephalosporins are of considerable importance for the therapy of severe infections by MR organisms according to invitrofindings on ampicillinresistant e coli as well as klebsiella spp proteus spp and serratia spp altogether strains instead of CTX nearly always also cefotiam can be used the two remedies are clearly superior to CET CTM is ineffective to PA but in this case also CTX is clearly inferior to azlocillin in of casuistic instances the clinical effectiveness of CTM could be confirmed with good tolerability the contemporary establishment of staph aureus in mixed infections of serratiastaphylococci proved as as particular advantage a primary therapeutic failure referred to a NP when no causative organism was proved in which case also CTX remained without any effect despite the improved individual medical possibilities the control of the infectious hospitalism by critical administration of antibiotics and improved hospital hygiene particularly strict noninfection must remain the preeminent task
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studies were carried out to determine the optimum conditions for the production of equine monoclonal antibodies mabs lymphocytes from ponies immunised with influenza a equine virus isolate aequinenewmarket hn were fused with mouse myeloma nso cells and with horsemouse heterohybridomas made aminopterinsensitive by selective growth in azaguanine although all fusions initially resulted in heterohybridoma colonies that secreted equine immunoglobulin many of these were unable to maintain secretion for longer than a few weeks increasing the time between immunisation and the booster injection of newmarket virus the inclusion of freunds incomplete adjuvant and the use of an aminopterinsensitive primary heterohybridoma as the F0 partner improved the production of higsecreting heterohybridomas T3 two clonings eight cell lines were established which maintained antinewmarket antibody secretion for over a year facs analysis of the cell lines provided a useful means of predicting breakdown of mab secretion by the cell lines thus enabling recloning to be carried out in time
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petmr imaging a new hybrid modality is thought to have great potential in oncologic imaging because it provides advantages of both pet which allows functional imaging capability and mr imaging which allows high spatial resolution imaging without radiation SE despite the inherent weakness of mr imaging in lung imaging initial studies on lung CA revealed that petmr imaging showed highly correlated standardized uptake values of lesions and equivalent performance in terms of lesion detection and staging compared with petcomputed tomography ct thus to affirm the actual clinical benefits of dedicated petmr imaging over petct prospective studies with more patients are warranted
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tau of local treatment of neoplastic pleural effusions may be related to the po drugs as judged by our series of patients the DUE of the local improvementwhich did not interfere with the evolution of the primary cancershowed good or satisfactory results in a series of patients treated with peptichemio this local improvement was practically devoid of any adverse sideeffect even when the treatment was particularly prolonged this survey deals with years of therapeutical experience concerned with neoplastic pleural effusions from malignant epithelial tumours
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rpon is a Ï factor regulating essential virulence gene expression in several plant pathogenic bacteria including pseudomonas syringae and pectobacterium carotovorum in this study we found that mutation of rpon in the fire blight pathogen erwinia amylovora caused a nonpathogenic phenotype the e amylovora rpon tn transposon mutant rpontn did not cause fire blight disease symptoms on shoots of mature apple trees in detached immature apple fruits the rpontn mutant failed to cause fire blight disease PS and grew to population C2 orders of magnitude lower than the wildtype in addition the rpontn mutant failed to elicit a hypersensitive response when infiltrated into nonhost tobacco plant leaves and rpontn cells failed to express hrpn protein when grown in hrp hypersensitive response and pathogenicityinducing liquid medium a plasmidborne copy of the wildtype rpon gene complemented all the rpontn mutant phenotypes tested the rpontn mutant was prototrophic on minimal solid and liquid media indicating that the rpontn nonpathogenic phenotype was not caused by a defect in basic metabolism or growth this study provides clear genetic evidence that rpon is an essential virulence gene of e amylovora suggesting that rpon has the same function in e amylovora as in p syringae and pe carotovorum
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the bacterial ironsulfur cluster isc operon is an essential machine that is highly conserved from bacteria to primates and responsible for ironsulfur cluster biogenesis among its components are the genes for the desulfurase iscs that provides sulfur for cluster formation and a specialized ferredoxin fdx whose role is still unknown preliminary evidence suggests that iscs and fdx interact but nothing is known about the binding site and the role of the interaction here we have characterized the interaction using a combination of biophysical tools and mutagenesis by modeling the fdx·iscs complex based on experimental restraints we show that fdx competes for the binding site of cyay the bacterial ortholog of frataxin and sits in a cavity close to the enzyme AS site by in vivo mutagenesis in bacteria we prove the importance of the surface of interaction for cluster formation our data provide the first structural insights into the role of fdx in cluster assembly
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in limited laboratory space and consonant with limited opportunities for contamination to implement and incorporate into our diagnostic virology laboratory a polymerase chain reaction assay for human cytomegalovirus detection with maximum sensitivity
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understanding the genetic basis of heritable spinal curvature would benefit medicine and aquaculture heritable spinal curvature among otherwise healthy children ie IS and scheuermann kyphosis accounts for more than of all spinal curvatures and imposes a substantial healthcare cost through bracing hospitalizations surgery and chronic back pain in aquaculture the prevalence of heritable spinal curvature can reach as high as of a stock and thus imposes a substantial cost through production losses the genetic basis of heritable spinal curvature is unknown and so the objective of this work is to identify quantitative trait loci qtl affecting heritable spinal curvature in the curveback guppy prior work with curveback has demonstrated phenotypic parallels to human idiopathictype scoliosis suggesting shared biological pathways for the deformity
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an agar gel ID test was developed to detect precipitating antibody against ovine progressive pneumonia opp virus the test was conducted in plastic petri dishes containing ml of purified agar in tris buffer and sodium chloride wells for serum and antigen were mm in diameter and were cut in a hexagonal DP cm from a CE well tests were read at and hours soluble antigen for the test consisted of concentrated nutrient medium removed every weeks from a cell culture persistently infected with isolate wlc of opp virus specificity of results was verified by testing serums from experimentally exposed sheep and appropriate controls two lines of precipitate formed with some serums from experimentally inoculated sheep serums taken soon after SE of sheep to the virus and those taken to years after SE frequently formed only L1 of precipitate of lambs inoculated with opp virus of those tested were positive by postinoculation pi month of those tested were positive by pi month and all of those tested were positive by pi month the test appears adequate to detect SE of sheep to opp virus
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aminopyridine ap acts by blocking voltage dependent potassium channels in excitable membrane thus increasing the influx of extracellular ca in response to an action potential ap exerts either in vivo or in vitro effects in many organs the present report deals with a T0 on the ES rat vas deferens of the action of ap on ca mediated mechanism related to the adrenergic transmission to avoid the interference of the nonadrenergic components we used the epididymal portion of the vas ap was shown to enhance the electricallystimulated contractions in a way which was inversely related to external ca this effect was abolished by nifedipine x m unexpectedly however ap acted synergistically with nifedipine by enhancing the inhibition of the electricallyinduced tension sustained by nifedipine this property of ap was shared by noradrenaline phenylephrine clonidine serotonin morphine and atp their GABA effects were antagonized by prazosin x m yohimbine x m methysergide x m naloxone x m and theophylline x m respectively the inhibitory effect of ap was antagonized only by prazosin x m and was not observed in VD of rats pretreated with reserpine it is concluded that ap is able not only to activate excitatory mechanisms but also to stimulate GABA alpha adrenergic mechanisms
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repetitive SE to cytokineinducing substances pyrogens results in chronic inflammation which may significantly contribute to some of the LT complications in dialysis patients online dialysis modalities such as online haemodiafiltration hdf raise particular concerns because of the administration of infusate prepared from potentially contaminated dialysis fluid hence great retention capability for pyrogens is of critical importance for the safe performance of online systems
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progressive disseminated histoplasmosis is often fatal without treatment and requires rapid and accurate laboratory diagnosis radioimmunoassay for Hc var capsulatum antigen has been established as a CS and accurate diagnostic technique for disseminated histoplasmosis in adults this study examines the radioimmunoassay in children the clinical and laboratory records of patients years old or younger in whom h capsulatum antigen was detected in urine by radioimmunoassay and at least one other positive corroborative standard test were evaluated twentytwo had disseminated disease and had selflimited pulmonary disease positive corroborative tests included serologic tests in of patients tested tissue stains in of and fungal cultures in of patients with disseminated histoplasmosis had a greater degree of antigenuria than those with selflimited infection in patients with progressive disease treated with amphotericin b antigen C2 declined and the decrease in antigenuria correlated with clinical improvement the radioimmunoassay for h capsulatum antigen in urine is an important test in the diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis and is useful for assessing the efficacy of treatment the presence of urinary antigen is strong evidence for progressive disease that requires treatment
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a decline in mobility is a common feature of multiple sclerosis ms community walking scales are used to categorize patients in their ability to move independently the first purpose of this T0 was to determine which specific gait speed corresponded with the categories of the modified PET walking categories mfwc the second purpose was to determine the minimally important NC mic in absolute gait speed using the mfwc and expanded disability status scale edss as external criteria
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antiseptics containing alcohol are commonly used due to their effective antiseptic properties however they may cause eye irritation if splashed into the eyes in awake patients receiving regional anaesthesia we present a simple technique to avoid such cases
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the current state of RP in schizophrenic psychoses is very unsatisfactory although in the form of neuroleptics a very efficient means of relapse prevention has been available for almost years approximately of the schizophrenic patients still suffer a relapse within the first year T3 their most recent episode seventy percent of the hospitalized schizophrenic patients are readmissions and the noncompliance rate for neuroleptic RP is an important factor contributing to these high rates of noncompliance and relapse seems to be the fact that years T3 the introduction of neuroleptics there is still no consensus on how these drugs are to be used in relapse prevention an inquiry among austrian and german psychiatrists revealed unacceptably high discrepancies concerning their recommendations for indication and duration of neuroleptic RP to overcome this unsatisfactory situation an international consensus meeting on guidelines for neuroleptic RP was organized by the author in april precise guidelines on indication duration and dosage of neuroleptic for RP that resulted from that meeting are presented
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the cardiac phenotype exhibits considerable plasticity being under the regulation of numerous factors such as developmental stage PET load as well as nutritional and hormonal states of the animal several lines of evidence indicate that the adrenergic NS plays an important role in the redistribution of S1 isoforms in the HR for example chemical sympathectomy favors the expression of v isomyosin at the expense of v in this T0 we have examined the effect of adrenergic pathways on the expression of cardiac myosin heavy chain mhc genes the level of camp was modulated by either adding forskolin or bromocamp to primary cultures of embryonic d cardiac myocytes we have found that the level of mrna coding for mhcalpha was increased two to threefold the effect was dose and timedependent and was potentiated further when the brcamp was given together with a phosphodiesterase inhibitor the same changes were found in kcl arrested cells indicating independence of contractile activity treatment of cells known to activate the protein kinase c tpa and inositol triphosphate pathways has increased the level of betamhc mrna while that of alphamhc remained unchanged these data lend strong support to direct effect of the adrenergic system on activity of cardiac genes
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an efficient general optimized method is outlined that achieves antireflective tapers using lossless nondispersive dielectrics the method modifies the derivative of a perfect antireflective wave amplitude CSD rather than the index of refraction CSD modifying the derivative of the PWA distribution minimizes the potential index of refraction distributions and ensures perfect antireflection at one frequency incidence angle and linear polarization combination additional combinations of frequency incident angle and linear polarization can be targeted at a particular reflection coefficient within the optimization after the method is outlined three examples are shown with one being fabricated and validated at radiofrequencies
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a prospective T0 of all native kidney biopsies performed over one year at the riyadh armed forces hospital riyadh saudi arabia was conducted during this period kidney biopsies were performed of which had adequate tissue all biopsies were processed for LM immunofluorescence and electron microscopy the indications for biopsy included the nephrotic syndrome n asymptomatic proteinuria n acute nephritic presentation n and asymptomatic hematuria n primary glomerulonephritis gn excluding iga nephropathy igan was seen in of the patients focal and segmental GS and mesangial proliferative gn were the most common histological diagnoses and respectively surprisingly we found a high prevalence of iga nephropathy igan of in comparison with other studies the prevalence of mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis mcgn was low and can only be explained as incidental the T0 patients were followedup for an average of weeks at the end of the observation period has unchanged course had improved their renal function and protein excretion and had deteriorated the prognosis of different gn CG and renal survival rate cannot be assessed or calculated in this study because of the relatively short duration of followup our study further emphasizes the need for a national gn registry and LT followup in order to recognize the common patterns of gn their NK histories the AGA line of management and to try and arrest their progression to endstage renal disease
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we investigated the effect of ovariectomy ovx on bone changes in the edentulous and dentate mandibles and compared these to changes in tibiae and femorae using dual SE xray absorptiometry dexa and histomorphometric measurements one hundred and fifteen female rats had their molars and the incisor on one side of the mandible extracted at six months of age and allowed to heal for months at months of age animals were divided into an EG which underwent bilateral ovariectomy and a control group of IN animals sixteen ovx and sixteen control animals were sacrificed at weeks and at and months postovx in addition animals were sacrificed at the time of ovx to act as an internal control group bone mineral density measurements bmd using dexa and bone volume measurements on undecalcified sections evaluated under backscattered electron microscopy were investigated in the edentulous and dentate mandibles as well as in tibiae and femorae at weeks postovx there were no significant differences between the edentulous mandibles dentate mandibles tibiae and femorae of ovx and control groups at months postovx bmd and cancellous bone volume were significantly decreased in the edentulous mandibles PT tibiae and proximalfemorae of ovx group as compared to the control group at months postovx bmd and cancellous BV/TV were further decreased in the edentulous mandibles PT tibiae and PT femorae of the ovx group as compared to the control group on the other hand ovx had no effect on the bmd and cancellous bone volume of the dentate mandibles at weeks and at and months postovx these results show that loss of BMC in the edentulous mandible of ovx animals is similar to that occurring in the tibiae and femorae while lack of a significant effect of ovx on bone mass in the dentate mandible suggests that functional loading related to biting force prevented bone loss in the dentate mandible
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we report on an yearold woman with typical features of reiters disease up to now reiters disease has been considered to affect almost exclusively male patients in the third and fourth decades of life our observation and several recent reports in the literature suggest that reiters disease must also be considered in aged female patients
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cooling during the entire dry period abates the negative effects of heat stress postpartum yet the temporal relationship of cooling ie early or late dry period to performance is unknown we evaluated the effect of HS early late and for the entire dry period on subsequent performance cows were selected based on matureequivalent milk yield and dried off d before expected calving cows were blocked by parity previous d mature equivalent milk yield and body weight bw and randomly assigned to cooling shade fans and soakers cl or HS shade ht treatments included cl n or ht n during the entire dry period ht during the first wk dry and then cl until calving htcl n or cl during the first wk dry period and then ht until calving clht n HS increased rectal temperature rt cl ht ± °c and respiration rate rr cl ht ± breathsmin during the early dry period in the late dry period ht increased rt and rr relative to cl cows rt cl ht clht htcl ± °c rr cl ht clht htcl ± breathsmin during the early dry period ht decreased DMI cl ht ± kgd but dry matter intake did not differ among treatments during late dry period ht htcl cl clht ± kgd cows exposed to prepartum cooling during the entire dry period had increased DMI compared with cows exposed to HS during the late dry period cl vs clht ± and ± kgd respectively HS at any time reduced gestation length compared with cows under prepartum cooling during the entire dry period cl vs ht clht and htcl ± d dry period length decreased by approximately d if cows were exposed to ht at any time during the early dry period ht decreased bw whereas cl increased bw relative to that at dryoff cl ht ± kg in the late drtions are learned via rapid episodiclike mechanisms previously observed for the highlevel arbitrary relations comprising episodic memories psycinfo DB record c apa all rights reserved
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the immunosuppressive effect of the novel quinoline carboxylic acid derivative brequinar sodium on the chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis creae model in the biozzi abh mouse was investigated although brsayed on trypticase soy blood agar six of the samples from hivg subjects were positive for colony forming units minutes after scaling but not at minutes similar evidence of bacteremia was found in seven of the hivp patients T2 after scaling was initiated in this group with no microbial growth detectable in samples obtained at minutes in two hivg and three hivp patients with demonstrable bacteremias a postoperative fever developed for both hivg and hivp CG no significant difference was found between the absolute cd tcell counts of nonbacteremic versus bacteremic patients p greater than these observations suggest that special provisions for antibiotic prophylaxis in this patient group may be unnecessary
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air samples collected at sites in kanagawa prefecture japan in and were analyzed for pcbs by a highresolution gas chromatographmass spectrometer concentrations of pcbs ranged from to pgmn geometric average pgmn and were mostly less than pgmn the toxicity equivalency quantity teq values of coplanar pcbs ranges from not detected nd to pgteqm n mean value pgteqm n clpcbs comprised the highest level in many air samples pcb congeners in the samples collected on three consecutive days did not vary significantly suggesting that variation of pcbs concentrations is minimal among the samples collected at same CS on the other hand the DP similarities of pcbs in the samples collected at various areas were not consistent contamination from commercial pcbs kaneclor was observed in some samples with high pcbs concentrations the compositions of pcb congeners in the samples collected at the CS near municipal waste incinerators were similar to those of pcb congeners in the samples collected at common environments in japan whereas they were CR different from those in the exhaust gases collected directly from municipal waste incinerators consequently contribution of exhaust gases from incinerators to pcb concentrations andor compositions of all air samples collected in the present study was not observed
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to T0 potential associations between body height and subsequent occurrence of chronic LB pain lbp
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children with intellectual or developmental disability have significantly poorer health and mental health than their nondisabled peers and are at high risk of social exclusion the aim of the present paper is to provide information on the circumstances in which yearold children at risk of intellectual or developmental disability are growing up in the uk
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we studied the effects of clentiazem a calcium channel blocker on the accumulation of lipid in the aorta on the level of plasma lipids and on the number of Ad intimal monocytes and foam cells seventy wistar rats were assigned to one of the following groups regular diet an AD consisting of regular chow with cholesterol CA acid and thiouracil cct cct supplemented with mgkgday clentiazem and cct with mgkgday clentiazem animals were sacrificed T3 or weeks of diet aortas were studied by CS microscopy after staining with oil red o oro andor hematoxylin oro staining was quantified in both ABD and thoracic regions of the aorta the aortas of the clentiazem groups demonstrated significantly less oro staining than cct diet controls in thoracic aorta T3 weeks and ABD aorta T3 weeks there was no significant difference in the plasma lipid concentrations the clentiazemtreated CG had fewer numbers of adherent monocytes and foam cells we conclude that clentiazem inhibits lipid deposition in cholesterolfed rats without lowering plasma lipid concentrations and that the number of intimal monocytes and foam cells is decreased in the presence of this calcium antagonist
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resilon is a thermoplastic synthetic polymerbased endodontic material alternative to guttapercha it contains bioactive glass and also radiopaque fillers it has the same handling properties as guttapercha for endodontic retreatment it may be dissolved with some solvents such as chloroform or softened with heat the composition of resilon and its sealer epiphany bond to dentin and form a monoblock a review of the literature and a discussion of its properties comparing to other root canal filling materials are presented
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unmyelinated nerve fibres comprise approximately one third of the innervation of rodent sinus hair follicles but their function is unknown they may play a role as highthreshold sensory MF or may be autonomic efferents controlling the vascular sinus in the present experiments CAP and surgical sympathectomy were used to establish whether these unmyelinated MF are afferent fibres or autonomic efferents the deep vibrissal nerves of mystacial follicles c and c and a nonmystacial F2 the posteroorbital po were assessed in normal AD animals n and compared with those treated with neonatal CAP n or bilateral SCG ganglionectomy n in capsaicintreated animals counts of fibres in the deep vibrissal SN from all follicles showed normal numbers of myelinated axons but approximately reduction in unmyelinated fibres normal mean sd c c po T3 neonatal capsaicin c c po n p for all follicles after sympathectomy there was no significant reduction in myelinated or unmyelinated fibre numbers labelling of po follicles with wgahrp showed minimal numbers of labelled cells within the superior cervical ganglion also suggesting minimal sympathetic innervation this sparse sympathetic supply to the F2 was further demonstrated by a lack of IMT hydroxylase reactivity within the F2 complex tissues outside the dermal capsule showed reactivityabstract truncated at words
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