text
stringlengths 10
10.1k
| source
stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|
the central NS cns depressant and anticonvulsant activities of the aqueous root extract of sanseviera liberica asl were investigated on various animal models including PB sleeping time and holeboard exploratory behaviour for sedation tests and str picrotoxin BIC and pentylenetetrazoleinduced convulsions in mice asl mgkg po like chlorpromazine hcl mgkg im produced a dosedependent prolongation of PB sleeping time and suppression of exploratory behaviour asl and mgkg produced dosedependent and significant p increases in ON to clonic and tonic convulsions and at mgkg showed CR protection against seizures induced by strychnine PT and BIC but not with PTZ asl up to gkg po did not produce death but ip treatment produced mortalities with ld of mgkg preliminary phytochemical investigations of asl revealed the presence of carbohydrates alkaloids saponins reducing sugars and oils the results indicate that asl has sedative and anticonvulsant activities therefore justifying its use in traditional african medicine | MEDAL |
cumulating evidences suggested an important role of sphingosinephosphate sp and its receptors in regulating endothelial barrier integrity our previous T0 revealed that the circulating sp C2 and renal expression of sprs correlated with disease activity and renal damage in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody ancaassociated vasculitis aav this study investigated the role of sp and its receptors in myeloperoxidase mpoancapositive iggmediated glomerular EC cell genc activation the effect of sp on morphological alteration of gencs in the presence of mpoancapositive igg was observed permeability CA was performed to determine endothelial monolayer activation in quantity both MB and soluble icam and vcam C2 were measured furthermore antagonists andor agonists of various sprs were employed to determine the role of different sprs sp enhanced mpoancapositive igginduced disruption of tight junction and disorganization of CSK in gencs sp induced further increase in ML permeability of genc monolayers in the presence of mpoancapositive igg sp enhanced mpoancapositive igginduced MB and soluble icamvcam upregulation of gencs soluble icam levels in the S9 of gencs stimulated by sp and mpoancapositive igg increased upon preincubation of spr antagonist while preincubation of gencs with the spr agonist downregulated sicam level blocking spr reduced sicam levels in the S9 of gencs stimulated by sp and mpoancapositive igg preincubation with spr agonist could increase sicam level in the S9 of genc stimulated by sp and mpoancapositive igg sp can enhance mpoancapositive iggmediated genc activation through spr | MEDAL |
the australian kidney paired donation program adopted the principles of withinchain simultaneous live donor surgery and of organ transport with the requirement of keeping cold ischemia time cit to h whether these principles could be adhered to and what impact on transplant outcome they might have is unknown | MEDAL |
removal of digoxin by HP over amberlite xad was determined in a functionally anephric patient during four hours of hemoperfusion microgram of digoxin were removed by the column and serum digoxin concentrations decreased by ngml T3 the posthemoperfusion reequilibration was CR | MEDAL |
the allosteric transition of yeast phosphofructokinase has been studied by solution xray scattering the scattering curves corresponding to the native enzyme t conformation were found to be similar to the curves recorded in the presence of saturating concentrations of fructose phosphate r conformation or amp r or r conformation however the curves obtained in the presence of atp are clearly different the radius of gyration increases and the secondary minima and maxima are systematically shifted to lower angles suggesting a swelling of the enzyme in the presence of atp these results give the first direct evidence for the existence of an atpinduced t conformation distinct in quaternary structure from the r and t states of the enzyme oligomer in PA with our previous modeling of yeast phosphofructokinase regulation xray scattering data are discussed in relation to the distinct molecular mechanisms of the atp and fructose phosphate allosteric effects involving respectively sequential and concerted conformational changes of the enzyme oligomer | MEDAL |
to evaluate whether the use of intraoperative dexmedetomidine dex during lung cancer surgery may reduce the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrilldose noradrenaline potentiate the constriction this potentiation was greater at degrees c than at degrees c following spontaneous decline in the constriction counteracted by noradrenaline at low temperature the potentiative effects of noradrenaline were greater at high frequency of electrical field stimulation the phenomenon of increase in the noradrenalineevoked potentiation of neurogenic vasoconstriction inhibited by cold may be of importance for thermoregulation it could provide restoration of diminished effectiveness of the neurogenic contractile signal thus leading to low heat emission at low temperature | MEDAL |
the construction of a human dna library in a centromerebased circular yeast plasmid is described the vector contains the yeast cen CS the ura gene for propagation in yeast and a hygromycinresistance gene hyr for selection in mammalian cells the library consists of members with an average insert size of kb with some members containing inserts of mb we calculate that the library contains three human genome equivalents of dna clones can be identified by a pcrbased screening of dna pools from individual colonies that have been stored in microtiter wells | MEDAL |
the severity and persistence of corticosteroidinduced obesity were evaluated retrospectively in children aged yrs requiring more than days of therapy with prednisone for idiopathic nephrotic syndrome mean RW T3 clearing of PU at initiation of therapy was percent peak RW on therapy was percent following a mean total of months of cumulative steroid therapy the most recent available RW in remission at least months following cessation of therapy was percent the number of children whose RW exceeded percent at initiation of during and following therapy was and respectively in those with normal initial relative weight less than there was no persistent obesity two of three initially obese patients RW greater than remained obese all patients with persistent obesity following therapy had initial RW of at least percent and peak relative weight of more than percent the risk of persistent obesity as a result of chronic corticosteroid therapy in initially normal weight children who do not exceed percent relative weight during therapy appears to be small | MEDAL |
increased susceptibility to bacterial infections is a common manifestation of multiple myeloma mm arising mainly from a defect in humoral immunity and is associated with L1 morbidity and mortality the propensity to infection is increased in the first months after the initial diagnosis and in patients with RD GP infections mainly pneumonia from streptococcus pneumoniae occur more frequently in patients with UT disease while gramnegative infections mainly of the urinary tract are more common after chemotherapy however an acute bacterial infection is rarely reported as the first manifestation of underlying mm in this review we analysed data from such cases reported between and median age was years and most patients were females monoclonal paraprotein was igg in in contrast to diagnosed treated or untreated mm musculoskeletal infections predominated in these early cases followed by pneumonia in particular septic arthritis mainly of the knee was the most common infectious complication streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated in twothirds of infections and bacteremia was common in this EP immunodeficiency arised from a decreased synthesis of polyclonal immunoglobulins white blood cell counts were frequently normal particularly in MSK infections renal impairment occurred in and correlated with increasing monoclonal paraprotein levels the outcome was favorable in most cases mm should be considered in previously asymptomatic MA patients who present with a major acute bacterial infection without an apparent predisposing factor in particular suspicion should be high in cases of SA and pneumococcaemia | MEDAL |
cytokine control of the synovial infiltrate is a CE process in the development of IA in this study we combine genetic approaches and MI strategies to describe a fundamental requirement for ilmediated stat signaling in orchestrating the inflammatory infiltrate in monoarticular and systemic models of exp arthritis stat activation via the common gp signaltransducing receptor for all ilrelated cytokines led to increased PR of neutrophils and TA within the inflamed synovium which included statregulated ilasecreting t cells control of leukocyte infiltration was reliant upon il signaling via its soluble receptor termed il trans signaling as evidenced by selective blockade of this alternative il signaling pathway using an engineered variant of soluble gp sgpfc this therapeutic MI led to substantial clinical improvement in mice with emerging or established incidence of SVR ICA these data illustrate that il control of stat is critical for regulating the synovial infiltrate in IA and suggest that selective inhibition of il trans signaling may provide a more refined MI strategy for blocking ildriven proarthritic activities | MEDAL |
to assess the outcome of RME in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome osas in children we studied patients mean age males with dental malocclusion a body mass index or percentile and osas confirmed by PSG | MEDAL |
als ALS is an adultonset and deadly neurodegenerative disease characterized by a progressive and selective loss of MNs transgenic mice overexpressing a mutated human gene ga coding for the enzyme sod cuzn superoxide dismutase develop a motoneuron disease resembling als in humans in this generally accepted als model we tested the EP properties of individual embryonic and neonatal spinal motoneurons in SC by measuring a wide range of electrical properties influencing motoneuron excitability during current clamp there were no differences in the motoneuron resting potential input conductance action potential shape or afterhyperpolarization between ga and control motoneurons the relationship between the MNs firing frequency and f-I fi relation was altered the Mw of the fi relation and the maximal FR of the ga motoneurons were much greater than in the control motoneurons differences in spontaneous synaptic input were excluded as a cause of increased excitability this finding identifies a markedly elevated intrinsic electrical excitability in cultured embryonic and neonatal mutant ga spinal motoneurons we conclude that the observed intrinsic motoneuron hyperexcitability is induced by the sod toxic gainoffunction through an aberration in the process of action potential generation this hyperexcitability may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of als as the motoneurons were cultured from presymptomatic mice | MEDAL |
the probative analysis of genotypephenotype relations in familial dyslexia requires operationally defined psychobiological outcome variables that are not confounded by cultural differences of orthography or other AF that may influence the clinical ascertainment and diagnosis of dyslexia timing precision as expressed in coordinated motor action was used as an objective behavioral measure that can be mapped on current knowledge of CNS system functions as well as on the most salient nonreading deficits in developmental dyslexia dyslexia families with four distinct pedigrees and a normally reading RG were the T0 subjects the results indicated that impaired timing precision in bimanual coordination and in motor speech were transmitted vertically in affected members of about half of dyslexia families motor coordination deficits were associated with a disposition to make dysphonemic spelling errors it is proposed that impaired timing precision identifies a behavioral phenotype in some familial dyslexia subtypes the detailed analysis of coarticulation in speech production may be one pathway by which impaired timing precision in motor action impinges on reading and writing deficits in DD | MEDAL |
in this paper a spatiocontextual unsupervised NC detection technique for multitemporal multispectral remote sensing images is proposed the technique uses a gibbs markov random field gmrf to model the spatial regularity between the neighboring pixels of the multitemporal difference image the difference image is generated by NC vector analysis applied to images acquired on the same geographical area at different times the NC PCD problem is solved using the maximum a posteriori probability map estimation principle the map estimator of the gmrf used to MM the difference image is exponential in nature thus a modified hopfield type neural network htnn is exploited for estimating the map in the considered hopfield type network a single neuron is assigned to each pixel of the difference image and is assumed to be connected only to its neighbors initial values of the neurons are set by histogram thresholding an expectationmaximization algorithm is used to estimate the gmrf MM parameters experiments are carried out on threemultispectral and multitemporal remote sensing images results of the proposed change detection scheme are compared with those of the manualtrialanderror technique automatic NC PCD scheme based on gmrf MM and iterated conditional mode algorithm a context CS NC detection scheme based on htnn the gmrf MM and a graphcut algorithm a comparison points out that the proposed method provides more accurate change detection maps than other methods | MEDAL |
fluid secretion from the cannulated excretory duct of the rabbit LG was collected in microcapillary pipette at min intervals secretion rate and electrolyte concentrations na k and cl in the lacrimal fluid samples were determined before and T3 i.v. of small doses of prostaglandins pge pge pgf alpha FP epipgf alpha pgf beta pga pga into the external maxillary i.a. only pge had a dosedependent stimulatory effect on the lacrimal gland secretion the maximum secretion rate which was induced by pge microgramskg was microliters min na concentration in the fluid secretion stimulated by pge was increased however k and cl concentrations were not changed i.c.v. with atropine microgramskg ia failed to prevent the stimulatory effect of low doses of pge on the other hand the secretory responses were abolished when propanolol mgkg fied the reactions between nndimethylanilinenoxide dano brdano cldano fdano and hemoglobin from blood of various species were studied brdano and cldano accelerate the formation of ferrihemoglobin in solutions of hemoglobin from beef and dog blood much more effectively than dano and fdano | MEDAL |
this study was conducted to evaluate prospectively a management protocol for fetuses with a markedly abnormal umbilical i.a. velocity waveform the T0 population consisted of fetuses whose S/D ratio was greater than sd above the mean for gestational age the matched control population consisted of fetuses with similar gestational ages indications for testing and estimated fetal weights with normal systolicdiastolic ratios abnormal doppler results were used only to determine the frequency of fetal testing biophysical profile testing was performed semiweekly on all patients patients with absent or reversed enddiastolic flow were admitted for daily testing the following criteria were used as indications for delivery worsening maternal condition oligohydramnios intrauterine growth retardation with lung maturity and BPP score less than or equal to fiftyone patients had abnormal doppler blood flow velocity studies when the T0 population was compared with the control population at the time of delivery there were no differences in umbilical i.a. ph apgar score or incidence of intrauterine growth retardation however T0 patients were delivered at a significantly lower gestational age and lower birth weight and experienced a higher likelihood of neonatal intensive care unit admission when study patients with documented enddiastolic flow were compared with study patients with no enddiastolic flow there were no differences in umbilical artery ph apgar score or incidence of IUGR however fetuses with no enddiastolic flow had a significantly shorter testtodelivery interval lower gestational age lower birth weight and more NIC unit admissions there were no perinatal deaths among the T0 patients the range of S/D ratios for the five patients who failed to follow our protocol for intensive maternalfetal surveillance was to infinity all experienced fetal death within days these results suggest that immediate delivery of the fetus with diminished EDV flow may not be mandatory the combined use of fetal biophysical testing and commonly used criteria for delivery results in acceptable fetal outcome and prolongation of gestational age | MEDAL |
crystalline structures with sierpiÅski triangles as building blocks were constructed via a templating method in an ultrahigh vacuum and studied by lowtemperature scanning tunneling microscopy cobalt atoms and dicyanoterphenyl molecules were used to build the sierpiÅski triangles the auhex au à and stepped au surfaces were used as templates to guide the packing of sierpiÅski triangles onedimensional double chains and twodimensional small domains of sierpiÅski triangles were successfully prepared using the method in experiments | MEDAL |
an enhanced transportbased management RPA is presented which is able to support costeffective water SQ management with respect to diffuse phosphorus pollution suspended solids and PP emissions and their transport were modeled in two hilly agricultural watersheds wulka river in austria and zala river in hungary with an improved version of the catchmentscale phosfate model source and transmission areas were ranked by an optimization method in order to provide a priority list of the Az of economically efficient optimal management alternatives the MM was calibrated and validated at different gauges and for various years the spatial distribution of the emissions shows that approximately one third of the catchment area is responsible for the majority of the emissions however only a few percent of the source areas can transport fluxes to the catchment outlet these effective source areas together with the main transmission areas are potential candidates for improved management practices in accordance with the critical area concept it was shown that MI with better management practices on a properly selected small proportion of the total area is sufficient to reach a remarkable improvement in water SQ if soil nutrient management is also considered in addition to water quality intervention on of the catchment areas can fulfill both aspects | MEDAL |
chimeras created by fusing the monomeric red FL protein rfp to a bacterial lipoprotein signal peptide liporfps were visualized in the cell env by epifluorescence microscopy plasmolysis of the bacteria separated the inner and outer CM allowing the specific subcellular localization of liporfps to be determined in situ when equipped with the canonical inner membrane lipoprotein PR signal cdsr liporfp was located in the IM in escherichia coli whereas the outer membrane sorting signal cssr caused liporfp to localize to the outer membrane cfsrrfp was also routed to the outer membrane but cfnsrrfp was located in the inner membrane consistent with previous data showing that this sequence functions as an IM PR signal these four lipoproteins exhibited MZ localization patterns in a panel of members of the family enterobacteriaceae showing that the lipoprotein sorting rules are conserved in these bacteria and validating the use of e coli as a model system although most predicted inner membrane lipoproteins in these bacteria have an aspartate residue after the fatty acylated NT cysteine residue alternative signals such as cfn can and probably do CF in parallel as indicated by the existence of putative IM lipoproteins with this sequence at their n termini | MEDAL |
a standard technique for static optical rotatory dispersion ord measurements is adapted to the measurement of ord changes on a nanosecond ns time scale giving approximately a millionfold improvement in timeresolution over conventional instrumentation the technique described here is similar in principle to a technique recently developed for ns TR circular dichroism trcd spectroscopy although the TR optical rotatory dispersion trord technique requires fewer optical components as with static ord trord measurements may be interpreted by empirical comparisons or may be transformed via the kramerskronig relations to more easily interpreted trcd spectra trord can offer exp advantages over trcd in studying kinetic processes effecting changes in the chiral structures of biological molecules in particular the wider dispersion of ord bands compared with the corresponding cd bands means that ord information may often be obtained outside of absorption bands a signaltonoise advantage for multichannel measurements demonstration of the technique by its application to ns trord and the transformcalculated trcd of carboxyhemoglobin hbco after laser photolysis is presented | MEDAL |
the hypothesis that the diving response recorded as diving bradycardia during submersed breath holding in man would enhance his breathholding time was tested five certified scuba divers served as subjects they performed breath holds of maximal duration while nonimmersed and during submersion in cool degrees c cold degrees c and TN degrees c water the mean breathholding time and heart rate during the nonimmersed control condition were respectively se s and se beatsmin the relatively long breathholding times being due primarily to the socalled shortterm training effect compared to the control values the breathholding time in degrees c water was shorter and HR rate lower in degrees c water the BHT was not different and heart rate was lower and in degrees c water the breathholding time was longer by while there was no difference in heart rate in all conditions the breathhold breaking point alveolar pco was the same at about mmhg the shortening of the breath holds in cold water was ascribed to a increase over nonimmersed control in metabolic rate as well as a P0.1 due to stimulation of skin cold receptors as for the prolongation of breath holds in thermoneutral water it was hypothesized that immersion caused a delay in the buildup of chemical stimuli at the chemoreceptors | MEDAL |
the effects of prostaglandin pg e pge and FP on plasma renin substrate concentration in rats and renin ATP production by perfused rat CL were investigated T3 BL nephrectomy both PRS concentration and renin substrate production were remarkably elevated the increase in plasma renin ATP level and production of renin ATP by the CL T3 nephrectomy was markedly suppressed by the treatment with pge or pge in contrast pgf alpha had no suppressive effect on RS synthesis these findings suggest that pge and pge might be GABA AF in the regulation of renin ATP synthesis | MEDAL |
a major complication of using medical devices is the OD of biofilmassociated infection caused by SE where polysaccharide intercellular adhesin pia is a L1 mechanism of biofilm accumulation pia affects innate and HI in isolated cells and animal models few studies have examined these effects in prosthetic joint infection pji | MEDAL |
to better understand the functional role of the mitochondrial network in shaping the ca signals in living cells we took advantage both of the newest genetically engineered green FL proteinbased ca sensors cameleons camgaroos and pericams and of the classical casensitive photoprotein aequorin all targeted to the mitochondrial matrix the properties of the green FL proteinbased probes in terms of subcellular localization photosensitivity and ca affinity have been analyzed in detail it is concluded that the ratiometric pericam is at present the most reliable mitochondrial ca probe for single cell studies although this probe too is not devoid of problems the results obtained with ratiometric pericam in single cells combined with those obtained at the population level with aequorin provide strong evidence demonstrating that the close vicinity of mitochondria to the ca RyRs and thus responsible for the fast uptake of ca by mitochondria upon receptor activation are highly SD in time suggesting the existence of TPS interactions between mitochondria andsting triglycerides tg in all the subjects r p and this association was most significant in men r p after controlling for tg the relationships between scd C2 and fasting insulin r p homa r p and UA r p were significant in men among nonsmoking men n scd significantly correlated with waist diameter r p diastolic blood pressure r p and homa r p in a multiple LR analysis bmi p tg p and scd p but not age sex waist or smoking status independently contributed to of homa variance a polymorphism of the cd gene a ctot transition at bp from the major transcription start site seems to play a significant role in regulating SS scd C2 in a subsample of healthy subjects carriers of the t S2 were similar in age sex bmi fat mass waist to hip ratio blood pressure and FG and insulin C2 to cc homozygotes in the former integrated area under the curve for SS gl concentrations T3 an oral gl ATT was significantly lower p and insulin sensitivity si index minimal MM analysis significantly higher p than in cc homozygotes among type NIDDM carriers of the t S2 also showed a significantly higher si index p and had significantly lower creactive protein p and lower circulating soluble intercellular adhesion molecule concentrations p than did cc homozygotes to our knowledge this is the first T0 to suggest an effect of a genetic polymorphism on both si HS and type diabetic patients and endothelial dysfunction sicam C2 in type diabetes mellitus | MEDAL |
the steadystate intracellular membrane potential of MF in thin bundles dissected from mouse extensor digitorum longus or soleus muscles or rat sternomastoid muscles was measured with mkcl glass microelectrodes the steadystate membrane potential was found to depend on the extracellular concentrations of na k and cl ions the resting membrane potential mmko mmclo was mv mean se and a reduction in clo to mm caused a reversible steadystate hyperpolarization to mv mean se the steadystate MPs recorded in MF exposed to different ko and zero clo were consistent with potentials predicted by the goldman hodgkin katz ghk equation for na and k the results of similar experiments done with cl as the major external anion could not be fitted by the same equation the ghk equation for na k and cl did fit data obtained from fibres in solutions containing different ko with cl as the L1 external anion if the [Cl-]i concentration was allowed to be out of equilibrium with the steadystate membrane potential it is suggested that an active influx of cl ions controls the intracellular cl concentrations in these MF and hence maintains the cl equilibrium potential at a depolarized value with respect to the resting membrane potential the steadystate membrane potential of rat diaphragm MF was independent of clo and it seems likely that the [Cl-]i concentration of these MF is not controlled by active cl transport | MEDAL |
the electron microscopic observation of bruchs membrane of the macular area was performed in human eyes from newborn to yearold subjects in all the eyes examined the choriocapillary EC cells were observed to project pseudopodia through defects in the EC basement membrane the frequency of pseudopodia oriented to the retinal pigment epithelial cell side was significantly larger than those projected from the lateral side of the choriocapillaris or oriented to the choroidal side deposits in bruchs membrane increased along with age and even in young eyes deposits of vesicular and tubelike structures were observed in the outer collagenous zone of bruchs membrane choriocapillary EC pseudopodia might be related to the deposit formation in bruchs membrane especially the vesicular or tubelike deposit structures | MEDAL |
ruminants absorb little glucose and rely on hepatic gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis in the fed state to convert shortchain fatty acids produced during digestion into glucose and ketone bodies respectively in contrast to the nonruminant response fluxes through gluconeogenic and ketogenic pathways decrease during food restriction transcriptional regulation responsible for these unique food restriction responses has not been established to determine the hepatic transcriptional response of ruminants to an acute drop in dietary nutrient supply yearling heifers were assigned to either ad libitum FF or h of food withdrawal in a randomized block design liver biopsies were obtained for microarray and quantitative realtime pcr analyses of mRNA plasma concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids were higher in food restricted heifers while levels of βhydroxybutyrate triacylglycerol and glucose were decreased despite a decline in substrate supply and a lower hepatic production of glucose expression of the key gluconeogenic enzymes pyruvate carboxylase phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and fructosebisphosphatase was upregulated as in nonruminants downregulation of cholesterolgenic genes and upregulation of fatty acid oxidative genes were consistent with srebp and pparα control respectively ketogenesis from shortchain fatty acids was downregulated contrary to the nonruminant response to FR shortchain fatty acids may exert transcriptional control in the ruminant liver similar to that demonstrated in the large intestine of nonruminants | MEDAL |
a RT pcr CA was developed to detect and quantify chlamydophila felis infection of cats the assay uses a molecular beacon to specifically identify the major outer membrane protein gene is highly reproducible and is able to detect fewer than genomic copies | MEDAL |
conantokin is a distinct family of conotoxin superfamily its members share considerable overall CS homology their defining attributes include a high relative content of gammacarboxyglutamic acid gla they are generally devoid of disufideloop contrasted with other conotoxins except for conantokinr upon binding to metal ions the content of alphahelix conformation increases in different degrees they inhibit nmda nmethyldaspartate receptors moreover different conantokin species present different nmda receptor subunit specificity it can induce sleeplike symptoms in young mice when delivered intracranially analysis of sequences and structures indicates that the high conserved residues of these MMP are determinative in their structures and functions in this article the relationships of their structures and functions are reviewed in detail | MEDAL |
haemochromatosis is an ironoverload disorder with agedependent oxidative stress and dysfunction in a variety of tissues mutations in hfe histocompatability leucocyte antigen class ilike protein involved in iron homoeostasis are responsible for most cases of haemochromatosis we demonstrated recently that hfe is expressed exclusively in the basal membrane of rpe retinal PE in the present T0 we used hfe mice to examine FER C2 an indirect readout for iron levels and morphological changes in retina we found increased FER accumulation in retina in monthold but not in monthold mice with considerable morphological damage compared with AMC the retinal phenotype included hypertrophy and PH of rpe rpe cells isolated from hfe mice exhibited a hyperproliferative phenotype we also compared the gene expression profile between wildtype and hfe rpe cells by microarray analysis these studies showed that many cell cyclerelated genes were differentially regulated in hfe rpe cells one of the genes upregulated in hfe rpe cells was slca where slc is solute carrier which codes for the transporter proper xct in the heterodimeric cystineglutamate exchanger xctfhc this transporter plays a critical role in cellular glutathione status and cellcycle progression we confirmed the microarrray data by monitoring xct mrna levels by rt reverse transcriptionpcr and also by measuring transport function we also found increased levels of glutathione and the transcription factorcellcycle promoter ap AP-1 in hfe rpe cells wildtype mouse rpe cells and human rpe cell lines when loaded with iron by exposure to FAC showed increased expression and activity of xct reproducing the PSA phenotype observed with hfe rpe cells | MEDAL |
this survey was based on five recently published papers the aims of the studies were to to investigate the effect of GA on antroduodenal motility gastric ph and gastric emptying antroduodenal motility was measured by manometry gastric ph by a stomach microelectrode and gastric emptying rate using PAR absorption as an index two studies deal with antroduodenal motility during basal conditions and after administration of PAR and diazepam in healthy volunteers three studies deal with the effects of different methods of GA anaesthesia on antroduodenal motility gastric ph and GER in patients undergoing orthopedic or plastic surgery not involving the abdomen having four different methods of GA anaesthesia in the healthy volunteers a close connection between antral activity and GE rate was found paracetamol had no effects on gastric ph the changes in motility a shortening of phase iii and a decline in the incidence of antral phase iii activity were minor and ascribed to diurnal variations and by a possible stimulation of antral activity by the positioning of the manometric tube it was found that no paracetamol was absorbed in the quiescent phase i irrespective of its duration and that the Ka of paracetamol correlated with the duration of phase ii and the occurrence of antral activity during phases ii and iii the effects of premedication with diazepam on antroduodenal motility gastric ph and gastric emptying rate was investigated in the same healthy volunteers prior to the patient studies also in this T0 a correlation between antral activity and gastric emptying rate was found furthermore it was observed that some volunteers had fast gastric emptying rate indicated by fast absorption of paracetamol the first T0 day and slow the second it seemed that any intra or interindividual R2 in gastric emptying rate arises from individual variations in antroduodenal motility diazepam tended to increase GER by enhancing the amplitudes of antral contractions and the motility index during phase ii and ph of the gastric juice increased GD motility was found to be normal in patients awaiting elective orthopedic or plastic surgery when premedicated with diazepam ph of the gastric contents was not different from the findings in volunteers C2 of diazepam all methods of general anaesthesia reduced the duration of the interdigestive motility complex mainly by a reduction of phase ii general anaesthesia with halothane and enflurane depressed antral motilityabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
monoclonal gammopathy represents a condition characterized by clonal proliferation and accumulation of immunoglobulin producing bcells a variety of skin disorders are associated with an increased level of monoclonal immunoglobulin proteins these skin disorders can be divided into two CG the first group represents a direct consequence of plasma cell proliferation the colonization of the plasma cell clone in the dermis expressed as a deposition of proteins related to the m component belongs to this group for which the pathogenesis is well identified as is the case for example with al amyloidosis and cryoglobulins the second group represents skin disorders such as scleromyxedema and schnitzler syndrome that are highly associated with an m component or diseases such as pyoderma gangrenosum and leukocytoclastic vasculitis that are more weakly associated with increased C2 of monoclonal immunoglobulins in some other dermatoses such as pemphigus bullous pemphigoid epidermolysis bullosa aquisita sezary syndrome lymphomatoid papulosis urticaria pigmentosa and acquired ichthyosis only presumptions exist regarding associations with monoclonal gammopathies in this the pathogenesis therapy and prognosis of the most relevant dermatoses shall be described in order of their degree of association with monoclonal gammopathies which shall also be discussed | MEDAL |
the role of crosscorrelated relaxation between the anomeric proton chemical shift anisotropy csa and its dipolar relaxation with nearby proton on the longitudinal EC50 in mono and disaccharides at two magnetic field strengths has been investigated and shown to directly report the identity of their anomeric configuration | MEDAL |
the theory design and application of a dialysis flow cell for RS are described the flow cell permits rapid collection of raman spectra concurrent with the efflux of small solute molecules or ions into a solution of macromolecules and is well suited to acquisition of data during hydrogenisotope exchange reactions of biological molecules kinetic parameters of the device are described by a diffusion MM which accounts satisfactorily for the observed rates of efflux of deuterium oxide kh min calcium ions kca min and egta kegta min application to the kinetics of glutamate protonation in a peptide copolymer polyglu lys tyr shows that phtitration rates as high as ph unitsmin can be monitored it is also shown that one can extract firstorder hydrogenisotope exchange rate constants from measured secondorder exchanges by taking into account the rate of entry of ho effluent into the bulk ho solution deuterium exchanges of the ssDNA polyribonucleotides polyra and polyru and of the dsRNA genome from bacteriophage phi have been investigated the measured nucleotide base exchange rates are comparable with those determined previously by other methods the results indicate that base exchanges as fast as approximately min can be determined reliably with the present design application of the raman flow cell to hydrogenisotope exchange of the basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor confirms consistency with results obtained previously on this protein by tritiation and nmr techniques | MEDAL |
surgical repair of the small aortic root is limited in part by the very structure of the outflow tract from the left IVT the root is not constructed on the basis of a ringlike annulus supporting the leaflets of the AV the only truly circular structure within the outflow tract is the junction of the aortic wall with the underlying ventricular structures themselves partly muscular and partly fibrous this circular VA junction is crossed by the semilunar attachments of the leaflets of the aortic valve producing an interlinking arrangement between the expanded aortic sinuses and three triangles of fibrous tissue placed beneath the apexes of the commissures between the valve leaflets the triangles form extensions of the left IVT that are related in part to the pericardial cavity surrounding the heart the arrangements of the att of the leaflets in malformed valves with two or only one effective leaflets are highly abnormal although these valves are usually produced on the template of three aortic sinuses the valve with two leaflets rarely gives problems during childhood in valves producing critical stenosis there is usually only one effective leaflet a condition due to incomplete liberation of two of the anticipated three commissures detailed study shows that in these malformed hearts the att of the leaflets is much more annular than in normal valves with inadequate formation of the fibrous triangles | MEDAL |
benzidine an odorless white to slightly reddishwhite crystalline organic compound is an environmental contaminant that has been identified at about national priorities list npl hazardous waste sites in the united states in the environment it is usually found attached to suspended particles either in its free state or as chloride or sulfate salts in the past us industries used large quantities of benzidine to produce dyes for paper clothes and leather since the ban on its production and use in the united states in the s this compound is imported for specialty uses people living near hazardous waste sites might be exposed to benzidine by drinking contaminated water by inhaling contaminated air or by swallowing or touching contaminated dust people can also be exposed by using benzidine dyes on paper clothes and other materials human occupational data and studies of laboratory animals suggest that people exposed to benzidine may develop adverse SVR health effects or cancer the us environmental protection agency epa the us department of health and human services the international agency for research on CA iarc and the world health organization who have classified benzidine as a carcinogen UBC is the most common form of cancer caused by SE to benzidine the stomach kidneys brain mouth esophagus CL and gallbladder might also be targets the information presented in the article may help public health officials physicians and toxicologists evaluate and develop the health information materials on the nature of benzidine in the environment and its potential impact on public health | MEDAL |
to investigate the relationship between obesity smallsolute Cl and nutrition in continuous peritoneal dialysis cpd we compared clearances and nutrition indices between obese and normalweight cpd patients degree of obesity was classified by the ratio of body weight w to desired weight dw at the first clearance study the dws were obtained from the tables of the metropolitan life insurance company assuming a medium skeletal frame the obese patients group i had wdw and the normalweight patients group ii had or wdw or nutrition indices derived from UN and creatinine excretion were normalized by both w and dw the following variables differed between GI first value and group ii sex women vs w kg vs kg BS area m vs m body water by method of watson l vs l body mass index vs protein nitrogen appearance pna kg in h vs kg in h pna normalized to dw gkg in h vs gkg in h creatinine excretion crex mg in h vs mg in h crexw gkg in h vs gkg in h crexdw gkg in h vs gkg in h lean body mass lbm kg vs kg lbmw vs and lbmdw vs all at p or marginal differences p were found in the diabetes prevalence vs height cm vs cm and SS Al gdl vs gdl no differences were found in age duration of cpd until the first clearance study percent of subjects with anuria ktv urea creatinine clearance blood UN serum creatinine and pna normalized to w obese cpd patients tend to have better nutrition indices than do normalweight cpd patients with similar smallsolute clearances in obese subjects normalization by w creates inappropriately low values for nutrition indices derived from UN and creatinine excretion normalization of those indices by dw appears preferable | MEDAL |
objective the application of cs to mental workload DUE was investigated method eeg of male aged were recorded during rest or doing mental arithmetic and changes of cs with relation to mental arithmetic load were analyzed and compared by means of cs analysis method result cs distribution was laterally symmetry higher in temporal and lower in occiput the changes of cs over some brain Az were outstanding and SD while doing mental arithmetic type a subjects cs under mental arithmetic were significantly higher than cs under rest except over prefrontal and the most outstanding Az were posttemporal and left po regions type b subjects cs over posttemporal and po under rest is higher than type a and cs under MA descend significantly the most outstanding areas were RA CE and midtemporal then left frontalcentral and pretemporal moreover there were some possible relationship among cs mental arithmetic score and subjective evaluation of mental workload conclusion there exists high rho between cs and mental arithmetic activity and cs could well reflect brain function state it provide a new method and a possible way for objective evaluation of mental workload and studies of brain cognitive activities | MEDAL |
the effect of estrogen on neointimal formation in injured rat arteries has been reported to be a sexual dimorphic effect recently it has been reported that hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme a hmgcoa reductase inhibitors statins exhibit vasoprotective effects which are independent of their cholesterollowering effects in this study we examined the gender differences of atorvastatins effect on neointimal formation in ballooninjured rat arteries male and female sprague dawley rats underwent gonadectomy and BI of the i.c. ovariectomized female as well as IN and castrated male rats exhibited marked neointimal formation treatment with ATV significantly reduced neointimal formation at day days T3 injury and nadph oxidasedependent superoxide production at day in ovariectomy but not in intact and castrated males in OVX days of atorvastatin treatment from days to but not from days to suppressed neointimal formation at day in this T0 we showed that atorvastatins effect on neointimal formation was femalespecific and was more marked in ovariectomized female rats nadph oxidasedependent superoxide production may be involved in the mechanism of the sexual dimorphic response seen in response to atorvastatin treatment furthermore the results suggest the importance of treatment in the early phase after V1 injury | MEDAL |
lossoffunction mutations in the katp channel genes kcnj and abcc cause neonatal hyperinsulinism in humans dominantly inherited mutations cause less severe disease which may progress to gl intolerance and diabetes in later life eg surek we generated a mouse expressing surek in place of sur katp channel inhibition by mgatp was enhanced in both homozygous homek and heterozygous hetek mutant mice due to impaired channel activation by mgadp as a consequence mutant βcells showed less oncell katp channel activity and fired action potentials in glucosefree solution homek mice exhibited enhanced insulin secretion and lower fasting blood gl within weeks of birth but reduced insulin secretion and impaired glucose tolerance at months of age these changes correlated with a lower insulin content unlike wildtype or hetek mice insulin content did not increase with age in homek mice there was no difference in the number and size of islets or βcells in the three types of mice or evidence of βcell proliferation we conclude that the gradual OD of gl intolerance in patients with the surek mutation might as in the mouse MM result from impaired insulin secretion due a failure of insulin content to increase with age | MEDAL |
lung exposure to radiation induces an injury response that includes the PR of cytokines and chemotactic mediators these signals recruit immune cells to execute inflammatory and woundhealing processes however radiation alters the pulmonary microenvironment dysregulating the immune responses and preventing a return to homeostasis importantly dysregulation is observed as a chronic inflammation which can progress into pneumonitis and promote pulmonary fibrosis inflammatory monocytes which are bone marrow derived and express ccr have been shown to migrate into the lung T3 radiation SE although the extent to which recruited inflammatory monocytes contribute to radiationinduced pulmonary fibrosis has not been fully investigated we hypothesize that its pathogenesis is reliant on this population the cc chemokine ligand ccl is a chemotactic mediator responsible for trafficking of ccr | MEDAL |
genetically lean ll or fat fl male broiler chickens were fed on diets containing either or g true digestible threonine per kg threonine deficiency induced a more pronounced reduction in growth in the ll than in the fl but did not influence AF and breast muscle proportions in either L1 plotting WG or protein gain against threonine NI suggests that the requirement of both lines is very similar in terms of mg per g of gain thus FI or appetite should account for differences between genotypes requirement for true digestible threonine was estimated as mg per g of weight gain or mg per g of protein gain using a LR RPA the quadratic polynomial equations suggest that the requirements are and mg digestible threonine per g of gain for ll and fl respectively | MEDAL |
the contribution of the nature instead of the total content of soil parameters relevant to metal bioavailability in lettuce was tested using a series of lowpolluted mediterranean agricultural calcareous soils offering NK gradients in the content and composition of carbonate organic and oxide fractions two datasets were compared by canonical ordination based on redundancy analysis total concentrations tc dataset of main soil parameters constituents phases or elements involved in metal PR and bioavailability and chemically defined reactive fractions of these parameters rf dataset the metal BA patterns were satisfactorily explained only when the rf dataset was used and the results showed that the proportion of crystalline fe oxides dissolved organic c diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid dtpaextractable cu and zn and a labile organic pool accounted for of the variance in addition multipollution scenarios by metal spiking were tested that showed better relationships with the rf dataset than with the tc dataset up to more and new reactive fractions involved for mediterranean calcareous soils the use of reactive pools of soil parameters rather than their total contents improved the relationships between soil constituents and metal bioavailability such pool determinations should be systematically included in studies dealing with bioavailability or risk assessment | MEDAL |
this article describes the ways in which women in the coastal papuan indonesian town of manokwari understand and represent hiv HIV virus and aids acquired immune deficiency syndrome having employed focus group interviewing and other qualitative research methods during LT fieldwork conducted in manokwari i argue that my subjects frame ideas about disease aetiology less in biomedical terms and more through a christian worldview aids is understood to be a fatal disease not disease syndrome that is sent ultimately from god but that was recently brought to papua by outsiders to the west it is thought that people most likely to become afflicted with aids are those who breach christian codes of conduct in particular women who sell sex not homosexuals not men who buy sex from women and not intravenous drug users are attributed with having the greatest chance of suffering from and transmitting hiv even though manokwari women discussed hiv and the aetiology of aids in moral terms and even though they do not regard themselves as sinful they nevertheless fear catching aids even though this is physically impossible this fear motivates the scapegoating of female sex workers and the exhibition by community members of distancing behaviours toward people who display clinical PS of aids | MEDAL |
colorectal cancer causes significant morbidity and mortality in the united states recommendations for colorectal cancer screening have been developed this T0 evaluated the colorectal CA screening practices of africanamerican and WG patients by internal medicine resident physicians a retrospective chart review was conducted during the performance of rectal examination fecal occult blood testing and flexible sigmoidoscopy among patients years was evaluated the medical records of patients men and women were reviewed ninetyone rectal examinations FOB testing and flexible sigmoidoscopies were performed there were africanamerican men and women and white men and women patients of the africanamerican patients underwent a rectal examination had FOBT and underwent FS of the WG patients had a rectal examination had fecal occult blood testing and underwent FS these results demonstrate that resident physicians adhered poorly to colorectal CA screening recommendations there was no statistically significant difference in the screening of africanamerican and WG patients increased efforts should be made to improve CC screening practices by resident physicians | MEDAL |
leishmaniasis remains a serious neglected disease with more than million people potentially at risk worldwide control strategies often rely on spraying residual insecticides to target populations of the sand fly vectors that transmit leishmania parasites when bloodfeeding these programmes are often difficult to sustain effectively as sand fly resting sites must be resprayed on a regular basis here we investigate whether application of insecticideimpregnated netting to a surface could act as an alternative to residual spraying for controlling the american visceral leishmaniasis vector lutzomyia longipalpis | MEDAL |
monoclonal antibodies mabs recognizing the disialoganglioside iineuacggosecer gd were produced by immunizing mice with the gdexpressing neuroblastoma cell line lan and a prefusion boost with purified gd coupled to salmonella minnesota two igm mabs were isolated which demonstrated high C2 of CR binding ratios in excess of with gd by solidphase radioimmunoassay and positivity in highperformance thinlayer chromatography hptlc immunostain only one dmab was subsequently shown by analysis with a panel of defined ganglioside species to be specific for the minimum epitope of gd galnac beta neuac alpha neuac alpha gal dmab was used to evaluate the expression of gd by malignant glioma and medulloblastoma cell lines using cell surface radioimmunoassay indirect membrane immunofluorescence hptlc immunostain and densitometric analysis of extracted gangliosides from selected cell lines sixteen of malignant glioma and of medulloblastoma cell lines reacted with dmab in agreement with previous studies of neuroblastoma and of melanoma cell lines also reacted with dmab gd was proportionally increased in the glioma and medulloblastoma cell lines relative to levels in normal brain as determined by densitometric analysis in a phenotypic survey of malignant glioma biopsies tumor cells in of cases stained positively with dmab reactive astrocytes both within the adjacent to PT were frequently intensely stained among the morphological SCV of glioblastoma examined the most intense staining with dmab was observed in neoplastic gemistocytes with the weakest or absent IF in small cell GBMs as gd is a commonly expressed surface antigen of gliomas and medulloblastomas expression of which is retained in TC dmab will be useful in determining the PET role of gd in cellcell interaction adhesion and invasion and in defining altered growth control mechanisms of CNS system neoplasms in in vitro models | MEDAL |
growth arrestspecific gas genes are expressed preferentially in cells that enter a quiescent state gas which we identified in serumstarved mu fibroblasts is reported here to be expressed in vivo selectively in neuronal cells of the mature cerebral cortex hippocampus and cerebellum gas transcripts encode a kda protein containing a structural domain that resembles sequences of oct a pou transcription factor implicated in neuronal development and synapsins which have a role in modulating neurotransmitter PR using in situ hybridization and ICC analysis we show that gas expression occurs prominently in cerebellar purkinje cells and that inhibition of production in terminally differentiating cultures of embryonic murine cerebellum impedes neurite outgrowth from maturing purkinje cells conversely gas overexpression in undifferentiated neuroblastoma cell cultures dramatically promotes neuritelike outgrowth collectively our results provide evidence for an association between expression of this gas gene and neuronal development | MEDAL |
inpatient and OP faeces examination reports from the state hospital in rundu kavango territory namibia gave some idea of the prevalence of helminthic infections specimens were examined over a month period hookworm and strongyloides were the most common infections followed by hymenolepis nana schistosoma mansoni and taenia sp s mansoni was more common in males than females hookworm more common in females than males and h nana was most common in the preschool group promiscuous defaecation on the banks of the okavango river provides ideal situations for the OD and transmission of hookworm and strongyloides while fishing and other MICs enhance the transmission of s mansoni infections larva migrans probably due to ancyclostoma braziliense or a caninum is common in the area studies involving schoolchildren would provide more accurate assessment of the prevalences of the various helminths | MEDAL |
a substantial portion of the human genome has been found to consist of simple sequence repeats including microsatellites and minisatellites microsatellites TRs of nucleotides form the template for dynamic mutations which involve heritable changes in the lengths of repeat sequences in recent years a C1 number of human disorders have been found to be caused by dynamic mutations the most common of which are trinucleotide repeat expansion diseases dynamic mutations are common to numerous NS disorders including huntingtons disease various spinocerebellar ataxias fragile x syndrome fragile x tremorataxia syndrome friedreich ataxia and other neurodegenerative disorders the involvement of dynamic mutations in brain disorders will be reviewed with a focus on the large group caused by cagglutamine repeat expansions we will also outline a proposed role of tandem repeat polymorphisms trps with unique digital genetic distributions in modulating BB OD and normal CF so as to generate additional mutational diversity upon which natural selection may act | MEDAL |
neutrophil granulocytes also called polymorphonuclear WBCs pmns extrude molecular lattices of decondensed chromatin studded with histones granule enzymes and antimicrobial MMP that are referred to as neutrophil extracellular traps nets nets capture and contain bacteria viruses and other pathogens nevertheless exp evidence indicates that nets also cause inflammatory V1 and tissue damage suggesting that identifying pathways that inhibit net formation may have therapeutic implications here we determined that neonatal netinhibitory factor nnif is an inhibitor of net formation in UC blood in human neonatal and adult neutrophils nnif inhibits key terminal events in net formation including peptidyl ADI pad activity neutrophil nuclear histone citrullination and nuclear decondensation we also identified additional nnifrelated peptides nrps that inhibit net formation nnifs and nrps blocked net formation induced by pathogens microbial toxins and pharmacologic agonists in vitro and in mouse models of infection and systemic inflammation and they improved mortality in mu models of SVR inflammation which are associated with netinduced collateral tissue injury the ID of nrps as PMNL modulators that selectively interrupt net generation at critical steps suggests their potential as therapeutic agents furthermore our results indicate that nnif may be an important regulator of net formation in fetal and neonatal inflammation | MEDAL |
endostatin a proteolytic fragment of collagen xviii is a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis and suppresses neovascularization and RT growth however the GABA mechanism of ES in human EC cells has not been characterized yet electron microscopic analysis revealed that ES induced formation of numerous autophagic vacuoles in EC in to h T3 treatment moreover there was only a to fold increase in intracellular ROS species T3 endostatin treatment endostatininduced cell death was not prevented by antioxidants vitamin c VE or propyl gallate or ICE inhibitors suggesting that the increase of oxidative stress or the activation of caspases may not be the crucial AF in the antiangiogenic mechanism of endostatin however the cytotoxicity of endostatin was significantly reduced by methyladenine a specific inhibitor of autophagy and serine and cysteine lysosomal PIs leupeptin and aprotinin taken together these results suggest that in HECs endostatin predominantly causes autophagic rather than AI cell death endostatininduced autophagic cell death occurs in the absence of ICE activation and through an oxidativeindependent pathway and endostatininduced autophagic cell death or type physiological cell death is regulated by serine and cysteine lysosomal proteases | MEDAL |
chrysin a flavonoid obtained from various natural sources has been reported to possess antiinflammatory antitumor antioxidant and antiallergic activities however its antiinflammatory and immunoregulatory activities in asthma animal models are poorly understood in the present study we examined the effects of chrysin on airway inflammation and the possible mechanisms through which it acts in a murine MM of AA balbc mice sensitized and challenged to ovalbumin ova were IG with chrysin at a dose of mgkg daily chrysin significantly suppressed ovainduced airway hyperresponsiveness ahr to acetylcholine chloride ach chrysin administration significantly inhibited the total inflammatory cell and eosinophil counts in BAL lavage fluid balf and total immunoglobulin e ige levels in serum histological examination of lung tissue demonstrated that chrysin significantly att allergeninduced lung eosinophilic inflammation and mucusproducing goblet cells in the airway in addition chrysin triggered a switch of the immune response to allergens towards a thelper type th profile by modulating the transcription factors tbet and gata in allergic mice these data suggest that chrysin exhibits antiinflammatory and immunoregulatory properties and provides new insights into the immunopharmacological role of chrysin in terms of its effects in a mu MM of asthma | MEDAL |
detergents including HFA salts act as surfaceactive agents and thus possibly damage the plasma membrane structures of aquatic organisms therefore when excess the houseused and industrial outflows of such detergents into aquatic environments may have considerable impacts on the ecosystem in this T0 we propose the use of green paramecia paramecium bursaria for assessing the acute toxicity of eight HFA salts na and k salts of oleate palmitate laurate and myristate under various water conditions the paramecium in the stationary phase were used for a toxicity assay carried out on well microplates and the median lethal concentration lc was determined for each fatty acid salt in the low mineral SC medium prepared with ultrapure water the lc for each HFA ranged from to ppm wv the toxic levels of fatty acid salts differed in the following order laurate myristate or oleate palmitate the toxic C2 of oleate and palmitate salts were ca fold lower than those of laurate and myristate salts when river water and local tap water instead of ultrapure water were used for culturing the toxic C2 of all fatty acid salts were drastically lowered compared to the low mineral condition by to fold ppm wv similar detoxification effect was observed when ca or mg was added to the low mineral SC media indicating that the toxicity of HFA salts can be notably lowered as the mineral content increases as we demonstrated that toxicities of HFA salts can be lowered in river water and tap water compared to the low mineral condition some chemical substances behave differently in the different water conditions therefore the use of NK waters reflecting the real environmental conditions in further collection of data on the ecotoxicity impacts of variety of chemicals is highly encouraged | MEDAL |
alternative rna splicing is an essential process to yield proteomic diversity in eukaryotic cells and aberrant splicing is often associated with numerous human diseases and cancers we recently described serineargininerich splicing factor srsf or srp being a protooncogene however the srsfregulated splicing events responsible for its oncogenic MICs remain largely unknown by global profiling of the srsfregulated splicing events in human osteosarcoma uos cells we found that srsf regulates the expression of genes including errfi anxa and tgfb and splicing events in genes including ep pus clint pkp kif chk smc cklf map mbnl melk ddx pabpc mapk sp and srsf which are primarily associated with cell proliferation or cell cycle two srsfbinding motifs ccagcgc and agcagca are EC to the alternative exons an srsfbinding site in the ep exon is essential for exon inclusion we found that the expression of srsf and srsf are mutually dependent and coexpressed in normal and RT tissuescells srsf also significantly regulates the expression of at least mirnas including a subset of oncogenic or RT suppressive mirnas these data indicate that srsf affects a global NC of mRNA to maintain cell homeostasis | MEDAL |
it is an important therapeutic strategy to protect mitochondria from oxidative AS especially during ischemiareperfusion in the present T0 an attempt has been made to evaluate the protective effects of CAPE cape and its related phenolic EDC on mouse brain and CL mitochondria injury induced by in vitro anoxiareoxygenation added before anoxia or reoxygenation cape markedly protected coupled QO2 with the decrease in state and the increases in state respiratory control ratio rcr and adpo ratio in a concentrationdependent manner cape effectively protected mitochondria by inhibiting the mitochondrial membranes fluidity decrease the lipoperoxidation and the protein carbonylation increase which indicated its protective action against the mitochondrial oxidative damage meanwhile cape blocked the enhanced release of cardiolipin cl and cytochrome c cyt c the related phenolic compounds like CA ca ferulic acid fa and ethyl ferulate ef also had differentdegree protective effects cape and ca were more potent than fa and ef their structural differences played the key role in their activity levels these results suggest that cape and its related phenolic EDC protect mitochondria mainly correlated to their antioxidative activities and may be of interest for the prevention and therapy of ischemiareperfusion injuries | MEDAL |
the present T0 has been designed to evaluate the preattentive detection of the location changes for stationary and moving sound sources AEP eventrelated potentials to the click trains simulating stationary and moving fused AEP images were recorded from healthy subjects using an oddball paradigm the spatial characteristics of stimuli were created by introducing constant or variable interaural time delay itd into the click trains repetitive standard auditory images or micros itd p were interspersed by infrequent deviants p of three types stationary and moving to or from standards the deviants moving to standards elicited similar mismatch negativities mmns as compared to the stationary ones the deviants moving from standards evoked the lowest and latest mmns depending on standard location results suggest that preattentive itd discrimination is essentially dependent on the DP of itd changes at the moment of the deviant onset | MEDAL |
genetic analysis suggests that the tgd protein of arabidopsis is required for the biosynthesis of endoplasmic reticulum derived thylakoid lipids tgd is proposed to be the substratebinding protein of a presumed lipid transporter consisting of the tgd permease and tgd atpase proteins the tgd and proteins are localized in the inner cp env membrane tgd appears to be anchored with an nterminal membranespanning domain into the inner envelope membrane whereas the cterminal domain faces the intermembrane space it was previously shown that the CTD of tgd binds phosphatidic acid ptdoh to investigate the ptdoh binding site of tgd in detail the CTD of the tgd CS lacking the TP and transmembrane sequences was fused to the c terminus of the discosoma sp red FL protein dr this greatly improved the solubility of the resulting drtgdc F0 protein following production in escherichia coli the drtgdc protein bound ptdoh with high specificity as demonstrated by membrane lipidprotein overlay and liposome association assays internal deletion and truncation mutagenesis identified a previously undescribed minimal CAA fragment in the CTD of tgd that is sufficient for ptdoh IB IB characteristics of this mer were distinctly different from those of tgdc suggesting that additional sequences of tgd providing the proper context for this mer are needed for wild typelike ptdoh binding | MEDAL |
a yearold man was admitted with fever and arthralgia he had some symptoms suggesting the incomplete type of behçet disease and a routine chest xray films showed the presence of massive pneumoperitoneum pp exploratory LAP revealed no evidence of gastrointestinal perforation or peritonitis thus we initially diagnosed it as idiopathic pp however a Ãmm induration located on the antimesentric side of the ileum cm PT to the ileocecal valve the wedgeshaped pathological specimen showed ulcer perforation and its restoration finally we concluded it to be nonsurgical pp this case provides significant information on the etiology of idiopathic pp | MEDAL |
ten laryngopharyngectomy specimens were dissected to determine the relative accuracy of computed tomography ct and endoscopy under anesthesia for evaluating the inferior extent of pyriform sinus carcinoma endoscopic examination failed to detect involvement of the PS apex in one patient and considerably underestimated disease at this level in two others ct accurately predicted the status of the apex in these three and all other patients endoscopy underestimated the VPI extent of RT in six patients ct revealed the VPI limit relative to the esophageal verge more accurately in all six of these SM extensions endoscopy revealed one case of mucosal spread to the esophageal verge not demonstrated by ct endoscopy and ct were both correct in revealing the esophageal verge to be involved one case and free of disease two cases this T0 also confirmed a common tendency of pyriform fossa CA to spread through thyrohyoid membrane adjacent to the course of SLN neurovascular bundle six cases highresolution ct in experienced hands is a useful adjunct to endoscopy for detecting submucosal inferior extension of pyriform sinus carcinoma this information can influence the choice of the lower margin of resection and method of pharyngeal reconstruction | MEDAL |
serotonin ht is a known mitogen for vascular smooth muscle cells vsmcs the dedifferentiation and proliferationapoptosis of vsmcs in the arterial intima represent one of the AS changes lr a member of MDA-LDL receptor family may contribute to the proliferation of vsmcs in neointimal hyperplasia we conducted an in vitro study to investigate whether ht is involved in lr expression in human vsmcs and apoptosis of vsmcs induced by ketocholesterol kcho an oxysterol that destabilizes PI ht enhanced the proliferation of vsmcs and this effect was abolished by sarpogrelate a selective hta receptor antagonist sarpogrelate also inhibited the htenhanced lr mrna expression in vsmcs furthermore ht suppressed the kchoinduced apoptosis of vsmcs via caspasedependent pathway these findings provide new insights on the changes in the differentiation stage of vsmcs mediated by ht | MEDAL |
experiments have shown that gaba conjugate with prostaglandin e enhances cerebral blood flow in rats after global transient ischemia while not affecting the CBF hemoperfusion in intact animals it is established that cerebrovascular activity of the gaba conjugate with prostaglandin e under conditions of CBF ischemia is based on gabaergic mechanisms of vascular tone regulation since it is removed by gabaareceptor blocker BIC at the same time CBF blood flow of intact rats and rats T3 global transient ischemia of BB is equally enhanced by prostaglandin e alone this effect is not neutralized by BIC | MEDAL |
there is no standard treatment for patients with advanced urothelial cancer who are ineligible unfit for cisplatinbased chemotherapy cht to compare the activity and safety of two cht combinations in this patient group a randomized phase iiiii trial was conducted by the eortc european organisation for research and treatment of cancer we report here the phase ii results of the study | MEDAL |
percutaneous mechanical circulatory support mcs devices including the intraaortic balloon pump impella and tandemheart are often used for hemodynamic support in the setting of refractory CS the thrombotic and bleeding complications associated with these devices is well recognized and the impella and tandemheart devices have unique AC considerations that may influence patient outcomes both devices typically require use of a heparinized purge solution in combination with intravenous unfractionated heparin thereby providing multiple sources of heparin SE each device also has specific monitoring requirements and goal ranges this review provides an overview of percutaneous mcs devices commonly used in the acute management of LVF with an emphasis on pharmacologic considerations we review recent evidence and guidelines and provide recommendations for AGA use of anticoagulation during device support approaches to managing heparinized purge solutions monitoring and the utility of nonheparin anticoagulants are also provided because highquality evidence in the literature is limited | MEDAL |
nextgeneration sequencing has turned out to be a powerful tool to uncover genetic basis of childhood mitochondrial disorders we utilized wholeexome analysis and discovered novel compound heterozygous mutations in fars mitochondrial phenylalanyl transfer rna synthetase encoding the mitochondrial phenylalanyl tRNA trna synthetase mtphers in two patients with fatal epileptic mitochondrial encephalopathy the mutations affected highly conserved amino acids pit and pdv recently a homozygous fars variant pyc was reported in a saudi girl with mitochondrial HIVE but the pathogenic role of the variant remained open clinical features including PN onset catastrophic epilepsy lactic acidemia early lethality and neuroimaging findings of the patients with fars SCV resembled each other closely and neuropathology was consistent with alpers syndrome our structural analysis of mtphers predicted that pit weakened atp binding in the aminoacylation domain and in vitro studies with recombinant mutant protein showed decreased affinity of this variant to atp furthermore pdv and pyc were predicted to disrupt synthetase CF by interrupting the rotation of the trna anticodon stembinding domain from a closed to an open form in vitro characterization indicated reduced affinity of pdv mutant protein to phenylalanine whereas pyc disrupted trna binding the stability of pit and pdv mutants in a refolding CA was impaired our results imply that the three fars mutations directly impair aminoacylation function and stability of mtphers leading to a decrease in overall trna charging capacity this study establishes a new genetic cause of infantile mitochondrial alpers HIVE and reports a new mitochondrial ARS as a cause of mitochondrial disease | MEDAL |
screening has led to the earlier detection of non palpable ductal or LCIS microinvasive carcinoma and invasive breast CA cm or less in size minimal breast cancer formerly most of these cancers were cured by mastectomy but the dramatic change in frequency has prompted interest in the role of conservation treatment minimal breast CA is a heterogeneous group of lesions no single RPA will be appropriate for all form of these diseases and methods must be developed to determine the most AGA treatment for each patient | MEDAL |
intestinal ischemia is associated with high morbidity and mortality but the underlying mechanisms are uncertain we hypothesize that during ischemia the intestinal mucosal barrier becomes disrupted allowing digestive enzymes access into the intestinal wall initiating autodigestion we used a rat MM of splanchnic ischemia by occlusion of the superior mesenteric and celiac arteries up to min with and without luminal injection of tranexamic acid as a TR inhibitor we determined the location and activity of digestive PRs on intestinal sections with in situ zymography and we examined the disruption of two components of the mucosal barrier mucin isoforms and the extracellular and intracellular domains of e cadherin with immunohistochemistry and western blot techniques the results indicate that nonischemic intestine has low C2 of protease activity in its wall after min ischemia protease activity was visible at the tip of the villi and after min enhanced activity was seen across the full thickness of the intestinal wall this activity was accompanied by disruption of the mucin layer and loss of both intracellular and extracellular domains of e cadherin digestive protease inhibition in the intestinal lumen with tranexamic acid reduced morphological damage and entry of digestive enzymes into the intestinal wall this T0 demonstrates that disruption of the mucosal epithelial barrier within minutes of intestinal ischemia allows entry of fully activated pancreatic digestive PRs across the intestinal barrier triggering autodigestion | MEDAL |
a kinetic T0 on lipoprotein cholesteryl ester metabolism was carried out in normolipidemic volunteers before and after treatment with simvastatin they received ldl labelled with hcholesteryl linoleate a lipoprotein cholesteryl ester MM was developed that fit the radioactivity in ldl hdl and vldl cholesteryl ester during hours following i.t. before treatment the model is consistent with previously reported data moreover our results suggest that in normal fasting subjects the efflux of plasma cholesteryl ester is almost exclusively derived from ldl administration of drug decreased ldl cholesteryl ester concentration by after treatment the rate constant concerning ldl catabolism was increased by and the model required the existence of a direct removal of vldl cholesteryl ester of total vldl turnover our results suggest that the reduction in the ldl cholesteryl ester concentration induced by treatment with simvastatin is due to an increase in the uptake of ldl and ldl precursors vldl vldl remnants by ldl receptors | MEDAL |
we report a case of orbital metastasis from a NE dedifferentiated prostate cancer during progression from hormonesensitive to hormone refractory stage a patient receiving androgen deprivation for hormonesensitive prostate CA presented with suddenonset rightsided ptosis and an increasing serum prostatespecific antigen level imaging studies revealed a mixed blastic and lytic lesion involving the RA orbital wall and the right cavernous sinus comparison of the M1 histology with the original pathology confirmed a histologic NC to poorly differentiated prostate adenocarcinoma with NE features local radiation of the lesion and palliative SVR chemotherapy resulted in marked ST improvement of all presenting PS because prostate cancer metastasis involves hematogenous and lymphatic routes we also evaluated expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor vegf and receptors vegfr vegfr and vegfr in the M1 deposit by immunohistochemistry strong expression of vegfr and vegfr restricted to the malignant epithelium was noted we recommend a second biopsy of atypical prostate metastasis associated with sudden change to aggressive clinical SMB in order to evaluate for dedifferentiation features before planning appropriate treatment interventions especially in patients who are candidates for SVR chemotherapy | MEDAL |
the NK history of BS cavernous malformations is unfavorable because of their high hemorrhage rate and resulting neurological deterioration among patients however direct surgery of intrinsic and anteriorly situated cavernomas is hazardous and leads to a bad postoperative outcome because of trauma to lateral and dorsally situated eloquent areas of the BS | MEDAL |
animal cells are generally cryopreserved in cryovials in a cell suspension state containing vv dimethyl sulfoxide dmso used as a cryoprotective agent however cryopreservation of cells in an attached state has not been intensively studied and the ERP freezing solution remains unknown here we determined the suitable dmso concentration for the cryopreservation of HepG2 hepg cells attached to glass and polydimethylsiloxane pdms matrices coated with PL with the use of the glass matrix the rate of cell adhesion increased with the dmso concentration up to vv in the freezing solution in contrast the celladhesion rate remained constant in the case of the pdms matrix irrespective of the dmso concentration between vv and vv the viability of postthawed cells attached to glass or pdms matrix was also investigated the viability was highest at the dmso concentration of vv in the freezing solution the dmso concentration of vv however had a cytotoxic effect on the cell viability thus the vv dmso concentration was found to be most suitable for the cryopreservation of hepg cells in ity of physical formidabilitys effects on statusrelated perceptions by manipulating targets relative strength T0 and height T0 in interpreting our findings we argue that adaptations for formidabilitybased status allocation may have facilitated the evolution of group cooperation in humans and other primates psycinfo database record | MEDAL |
two stereoisomers of NK rotenone alphaepirotenone and betaepirotenone were synthesized to identify the stereochemical factor of rotenone required for the inhibition and also to probe the structure of the rotenone IB site the GABA action of the stereoisomers was compared with that of rotenone using nadhubiquinone reductases from bovine heart submitochondrial particles smp potato tubers solanum tuberosum l smp and escherichia coli grn CM with respect to bovine heart smp it was found that the bent form of rotenone is essential for the activity the modification of the ering moiety also affected both the inhibitory potency and the pattern of inhibition these results indicated that the rotenonebinding site recognizes the whole molecular structure or shape of rotenone in a strict sense rotenone and betaepirotenone inhibited the nadhubiquinone reductase of bovine HR smp in a noncompetitive manner against exogenous quinones in contrast the inhibition pattern of alphaepirotenone varied from MK-801 to competitive as the concentration of quinone increased these resulst volume less than with respect to basal T3 months from the start of treatment of the patients only aspirated and of the patients in the tetracycline group were cured statistically significant p we conclude that tetracycline seems an ERP sclerotherapy in treatment of thyroid cysts | MEDAL |
in about of patients with lyme arthritis in the united states joint inflammation persists for months or even several years T3 the apparent eradication of the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi from the joint with antibiotic treatment we propose a MM of molecular mimicry affecting genetically susceptible individuals to explain this treatmentresistant course the majority of patients with treatmentresistant lyme arthritis have hladrb or related alleles and the severity and duration of their ICA correlate with cellular and humoral immune responses to outersurface protein a ospa of the spirochete using an algorithm the immunodominant epitope of ospa presented by the drb molecule was predicted to be located at aa in a search of the genetics computer group gene bank only one human protein was identified lymphocyte function associated antigen hlfa that had CS homology with ospaand predicted binding in the drb molecule synovial fluid TA from most patients with treatmentresistant ICA responded to both ospa and hlfa whereas those from patients with other forms of chronic inflammatory arthritis did not molecular mimicry between a dominant t cell epitope of ospa and hlfa may be an important factor in the persistence of joint inflammation in genetically susceptible patients with treatmentresistant LA | MEDAL |
stearylcoa desaturase activity was measured as a function of time in SC in rat primary hepatocytes up to h of culture a decrease to half of the original activity occurred within h of culture activity remained constant thereafter stearylcoa desaturase activity increased with insulin molarity in the medium and remained constant as dexamethasone or triiodothyronine concentrations were increased in the medium when fructose replaced glucose in the medium the desaturase activity was enhanced no stimulating effect of cholesterol on the CEA was observed and no inhibiting effect of GF was shown finally starvation h of the donor rat followed by sucrose refeeding h did not enhance delta desaturase activity in the cultured hepatocytes compared with ad libitum NS | MEDAL |
to observe the effect of electroacupuncture ea intervention on expression of cytochrome p side chain cleavage p scc and βhydroxysteroid dehydrogenase βhsd in the testis in partial androgen deficiency of aging male padam rats so as to reveal its mechanism underlying improving padam | MEDAL |
in this T0 we have examined the effects of both volatile and iv GA anesthetics on excitatory synaptic transmission with and without recurrent inhibition to clarify whether excitatory or inhibitory synapses are the major targets of action field population spike amplitudes fpss of ca pyramidal neurons were recorded in rat HPC slices schaffercollateralcommissural fibers sch were stimulated orthodromically and the evoked fpss pssch in ca area were measured in addition the fpss psalvsch elicited by stimulation of the sch T3 antidromic stimulation of the alveus hippocampi alv to produce RI were determined it was observed that sevoflurane and ISO primarily inhibited pssch and also produced additive inhibition on the psalvsch in a concentrationdependent manner the calculated ERP concentration ec values for pssch and psalvsch were vol and vol sevoflurane and vol and vol isoflurane respectively in comparison thiopental x x moll reduced both the pssch and psalvsch in a concentrationdependent manner the calculated ec values for thiopental on pssch and psalvsch were x and x moll respectively propofol x x moll had little effect on the pssch but reduced psalvsch with a calculated ec value of x moll the effects of the iv anesthetics with RI were antagonized in the presence of the gammaaminobutyric acidareceptor antagonist bicuculline methiodide in addition all anesthetics prolonged recurrent inhibition from ms sevoflurane and ISO to ms propofol the results suggest that sevoflurane and ISO inhibit mainly on glutamatemediated orthodromic pathways whereas thiopental and propofol enhance gammaaminobutyric acidamediated recurrent GABA pathways in ca neurons thus providing further evidence that the mechanisms of general anesthetics are drug and pathwayspecific | MEDAL |
progesterone p and its metabolites are involved in several functions of the central nervous system cns these steroids participate in neuronal excitability reproduction and sexual SMB p and its metabolites exert their effects on SN and glial cells through several mechanisms that include the interaction of the CS with intracellular specific receptors modulatory sites located in neurotransmitter receptors and ionic channels by these mechanisms modifications in mRNA second messengers production and ion conductance are induced the MICs of the p metabolites have been mainly related to membrane effects whereas for p the transcriptional and translational effects are mediated by intracellular receptors thus these CS can modify the cns functions at short milliseconds medium minutes or long term hours or days lapses the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved in the actions of p and its metabolites in the cns will contribute to the understanding of fundamental biological processes such as sexual behavior and reproduction and it will open the possibility of alternative therapies in the treatment of some neurologic and psychiatric disorders such as epilepsy anxiety premenstrual syndrome and cerebral PT which possess hormonal regulation | MEDAL |
PZ is a vitamin kdependent plasma glycoprotein that is involved in the regulation of blood coagulation plasma concentrations of protein z vary widely between subjects and are greatly reduced during warfarin therapy we developed a CS and quantitative assay for protein secretion using a secretory luciferase to explore the mode of secretion of PZ compared with that of factor x PZ secretion was much less efficient than FX and was totally dependent upon added vitamin k while factor x secretion was not protein z secretion was highly sensitive to warfarin treatment of the synthesizing cells in contrast although FX secretion was not precluded by warfarin its gammacarboxylation was CR blocked an exchange of the propeptide andor Gla domain between PZ and FX reproduced the inefficient and warfarinsensitive secretion DP of protein z and vice versa joining of the propeptide and gammacarboxyglutamic acid domain to luciferase also demonstrated that the Gla domain of protein z was responsible for its warfarinsensitive secretion thus it was concluded that the difference observed in secretion patterns of PZ and FX was mainly based on the structure of their gammacarboxyglutamic acid domains | MEDAL |
this paper uses data from the national survey of americas families to examine the effects of the various forms of mandatory medicaid managed care on access and use among beneficiaries not receiving supplemental security income or medicare benefits the results show that mandatory health maintenance organization hmo programs have had a positive impact on both children and adults particularly when compared to medicaid feeforservice plans we observed less dependence on emergency rooms as a usual source of care a greater probability of visiting a doctor and for children greater use of preventive care in contrast mandatory PC case management plans pccm provided some benefits to children but appeared to have very little impact on adult medicaid beneficiaries mandatory programs that use both hmos and pccm produced mixed results with the exception of mandatory hmo programs discrepancies in access and use continue to exist between medicaid managed care enrollees and lowincome privately insured people | MEDAL |
anxiety is an unpleasant physiological state in which an overreaction to a situation occurs it has been suggested that different BB regions are involved in the modulation and expression of anxiety including the amygdala hippocampus and FC cortex dysfunction of neurotransmitters and their receptors can lead to many mood disorders like anxiety there are evidences that dopamine plays an important role in anxiety modulation in different parts of the BB some evidence has shown that the mesolimbic mesocortical and nigrostriatal dopaminergic system are involved in anxiety both dopamine d and d receptor mechanisms are important in mediating anxiety the activity of dopaminergic system is modulated by several neurotransmitters including glutamatergic SN from the medial prefrontal SC mpfc gabaergic SF from the nucleus accumbens nac as well as the ventral pallidum and cholinergic SF from the pedunculopontine nucleus and the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus thus changes in the glutamatergic and gabaergic as well as mediated transmission in the mesolimbic mesocortical and NS DA system may influence ALB | MEDAL |
a onepot strategy for the diversified synthesis of difluoromethyl benzoxazolethiones is reported the reaction of aminophenol sodium chlorodifluoroacetate and elemental sulfur in the presence of nao tbu gives exclusively difluoromethyl benzoxazolethiones in good yield up to the mechanism of this reaction presumably involves first cyclization of aminophenols with thiocarbonyl fluoride followed by ndifluoromethylation with difluorocarbene the developed synthetic procedures are versatile robust and easily scalable for the synthesis of difluoromethyl benzoxazolethione derivatives some of which have shown insecticidal MICs | MEDAL |
a case of progressive shock and MSOF is reported for an year old lebanese woman clinically diagnosed as toxic shock syndrome tss the patient developed cough and dyspnea during hospitalization chest ct angiography revealed thromboembolism of tificant risk of cgvhd hazard ratio hr ci p the ci of cgvhd for patients receiving csamtx was vs for patients who did not p the probability of relapse was for all patients for patients with cgvhd vs without cgvhd the probability of diseasefree survival was better for patients with cgvhd vs hr ci p our data suggest that the gvhd prophylaxis used is the most relevant predictor of cgvhd patients with cgvhd had a lower risk of relapse and a better survival | MEDAL |
lignin is derived mainly from three alcohol monomers pcoumaryl alcohol coniferyl alcohol and sinapyl alcohol PSA reactions probably responsible for synthesizing these three monomers from sucrose and then polymerizing the monomers into lignin were analysed to estimate the amount of sucrose required to produce a unit of lignin included in the calculations were amounts of respiration required to provide nadph from nadp and atp from adp for lignin biosynthesis two pathways in the middle stage of monomer biosynthesis were considered one via IMT found in monocots and the other via phenylalanine found in all plants if lignin biosynthesis proceeds with high efficiency via IMT and of the carbon in SU can be retained in the fraction of lignin derived from pcoumaryl alcohol coniferyl alcohol and sinapyl alcohol respectively the corresponding carbon PR values for lignin biosynthesis via phenylalanine are less at and respectively SE ie heat of combustion retention during lignin biosynthesis via tyrosine could be as high as and for lignin derived from pcoumaryl alcohol coniferyl alcohol and sinapyl alcohol respectively with the corresponding potential energy retention values for lignin biosynthesis via phenylalanine being less at and respectively whether maximum efficiency occurs in situ is unclear but these values are targets that can be considered in plant breeding programmes aimed at maximizing carbon or energy PR from photosynthate analyses of minimum metabolic costs of responding to environmental NC or pest attack involving increased lignin biosynthesis understanding costs of lignification in older tissues and interpreting carbon balance measurements of organs and plants with C1 lignin concentrations | MEDAL |
perfluorodecanoic acid pfda alters the circulating level of thyroid hormones but the physiological significance of this change at the target from normal and hypothyroid rats though activated hormonereceptor complexes from hypothyroid rats are progressively degraded t min at the same temperature the dissociation rate of native complexes from hypothyroid rats is slower k x min than normal k x min competitive dissociation studies using DEX indicate that native complexes from hypothyroid rats show altered affinities for agonist and antagonist HT decreases the number of rat CL glucocorticoid receptors and alters their properties as evidenced by their greater instability and differences in steroid IB these effects may be due to regulating AF andor slight probably posttranscriptional modifications of the IB protein | MEDAL |
this study sought to correlate faecal and urinary nmethylhistamine nmh concentrations with resting versus degranulated duodenal mast cell numbers in dogs with chronic enteropathies ce and investigate correlations between intestinal mast cell activation and clinical severity of disease as assessed by canine chronic enteropathy clinical activity index ccecai and between urinary and faecal nmh concentrations mast cell numbers and histopathological scores twentyeight dogs with ce were included DU biopsies were stained with haematoxylin and eosin he toluidine blue and by immunohistochemical labelling for tryptase duodenal biopsies were assigned a histopathological severity score and DU mast cell numbers were counted in five highpower fields T3 metachromatic and immunohistochemical staining faecal and urinary nmh concentrations were measured by gas chromatographymass spectrometry | MEDAL |
the recent technical developments in MSCT msct with ecg retrogated image reconstruction have elicited great interest in the possibility of accurate noninvasive imaging of the coronary arteries the latest generation of msct systems with rows of detectors permits acquisition of the whole cardiac volume during a single s breathhold with a submillimetric definition of the images and an outstanding signaltonoise ratio thus the race which between msct electron beam computed tomography and CMR imaging can best provide routine and reliable imaging of the CAs in clinical practice has recommenced currently available msct systems offer different options for both cardiac image acquisition and reconstruction including multiplanar and curved multiplanar reconstruction threedimensional VR maximum intensity projection and virtual angioscopy in our preliminary experience including patients suffering from known or suspected coronary artery disease msct was feasible in and showed a sensitivity of and a specificity of with respect to standard coronary angiography in detecting critical stenosis in coronary arteries and artery or venous bypass grafts these results correspond to a positive predictive value of and a negative predictive value of the true role that msct is likely to play in the future in noninvasive coronary imaging is still to be defined nevertheless the huge amount of data obtainable by msct along with the rapid technological advances shorter acquisition times and reconstruction algorithm developments will make the technique stronger and possible applications are expected not only for noninvasive coronary angiography but also for cardiac function and MP DUE as an allinone examination | MEDAL |
to report that the medial canthal tendon mct is not simply the aggregate of the orbicularis oculi muscle oom and its tendon | MEDAL |
the presence or absence of CT trachomatis antigen in the uterine cervix uterine cavity and urinary tract was investigated by eia chlamydiazyme in patients in addition to the measurement of SS antibody titers in of them by indirect enzyme immunoassay ipazyme the results obtained were as follows the antigen was detected from one of the sites in patients in their twenties or younger had the highest positive rate and also the highest incidence of multiple lesions patients with irregular hemorrhage from the uterine cavity had a high detection rate detection rates for the uterine cervix uterine cavity and urinary tract were and respectively as for overlap infection the antigen was detected from and CS in and of patients respectively the incidence of active infection was significantly higher in antigenpositive patients than in antigennegative patients while no difference was observed in antibody titers by the increasing number of antigenpositive sites these results suggested that the examination of the CT trachomatis antigen in the uterine cervix alone is insufficient to determine the true actual prevalence of the organism | MEDAL |
twentyseven isolates of staphylococcus aureus were found to be MRSA nafcillin tobramycin gentamicin amikacin cefoxitin clindamycin erythromycin and chloramphenicol by disc DWI testing and tube dilution studies they were sensitive to CMD cephalothin and vancomycin by disc testing a discrepancy between minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations was noted for the cephalosporins which was not appreciated on disc testing all isolates were very sensitive to RFP minimum bactericidal concentration mgl all isolates were susceptible to phage type a a subpopulation of variant smallcolony forms of staphylococcus aureus was recovered when superinhibitory amounts of aminoglycosides and methicillin were used the variant staphylococcus aureus strains retained the same antibiotic susceptibility patterns and phage type as their parent CS of staphylococcus aureus further studies are in progress concerning these isolates and their impact on the hospital flora at our institution | MEDAL |
polyamidoamine pamam dendrimers are promising candidates in several applications within the medical field however it is still to date not fully understood whether they are able to passively translocate across lipid bilayers recently we used FM to show that pamam dendrimers induced changes in the permeability of lipid CM but the dendrimers themselves could not translocate to be released into the vesicle lumen because of the lack of resolution these experiments could not assess whether the dendrimers were able to translocate but remained attached to the membrane using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring and neutron reflectivity a structural investigation was performed to determine how dendrimers interact with zwitterionic and negatively charged lipid bilayers we hereby show that dendrimers adsorb on top of lipid bilayers without significant dendrimer translocation regardless of the lipid membrane surface charge thus most likely dendrimers are actively transported through cell membranes by proteinmediated endocytosis in PA with previous cell studies finally the higher activity of pamam dendrimers for phosphoglycerolcontaining CM is in L1 with their high antimicrobial activity against gramnegative bacteria | MEDAL |
sesquiterpene AHL sls are natural products responsible for the antiinflammatory activity of a variety of medicinal plants mainly from the asteraceae family here we investigated whether they also influence the process of exocytosis of Th1 enzymes such as the human neutrophil elastase hne altogether eight structurally different sls from the eudesmanolide guaianolide pseudoguaianolide and germacranolide type were studied neutrophils were isolated from fresh human blood T3 preincubation with different concentrations of the respective sl and cytochalasin b the exocytosis of PE was initiated either by PLT activating factor or nformylmethionylleucylphenylalanine inhibition of hne release was measured by pNA formation the sls exhibited an GABA effect on PE release from neutrophils challenged either by platelet activating factor or nformylmethionylleucylphenylalanine concentrationresponse curves were recorded and the ic values ranged from to microm studies on isolated hne showed that a selective direct inhibition on hne can be excluded interestingly the inhibitory activity did not correlate with the number of alphabetaunsaturated carbonyl functions the structureactivity relationship and the molecular mechanism are discussed | MEDAL |
in patients of tracheobronchoplasty the disease distribution and the indicative expansion were analysed the largest series was lung cancer encountered in followed by TC in posttracheostomy tracheal stenoses primary tracheobronchial tumors and tuberculosis in respectively and others in remaining in LC two way of operative modes have been tried which were carinal resection extensively and sleeve or wedge segmentectomy limitedly laryngotracheal anastomosis increased applicable cases in TC and posttracheostomy subglottic stenosis preoperative irradiation for adenoid cystic carcinoma increased the cases for T0 a new carinal reconstruction via the subaortic arch RPA for TB stenosis was successfully underwent EEA instead of partial suture was advisable in the early stage of traumatic bronchial rupture congenital airway malformation is a disease to be divised some operations which might furthermore increase operative modes in summary operative modes have been experienced so far and these might increase in number depending to diseases | MEDAL |
prematurely born compared with term born infants are at increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome particularly if slept prone the purpose of this work was to test the hypothesis that PT infants with or without bronchopulmonary dysplasia being prepared for neonatal unit discharge would sleep longer and have less arousals and more CE apneas in the prone position | MEDAL |
pretreatment predictors of treatment outcome were examined in a group of patients with panic disorder and agoraphobia randomly allocated to alprazolamexposure ae placeboexposure pe alprazolamrelaxation ar and placeborelaxation pr firsttime psychotropic medication use severity of agoraphobic disability and longer duration of illness predicted less global improvement at PT pretreatment severity of agoraphobia predicted less improvement both in the short and the LT predictors of poorer outcome at month followup were older age past PH of depression severity of phobia targets and longer duration of illness sex source of referral i.c.v. depressionanxietypanic and expectancy from treatment did not relate to outcome | MEDAL |
few conventional cytogenetic studies of squamous cell carcinoma scc have been performed to date the introduction of cytogenetic techniques such as comparative genomic hybridization cgh has resolved some of the problems associated with conventional cytogenetics the aim of this T0 was to analyze the presence of genetic abnormalities in a series of patients with scc using the technique of array cgh | MEDAL |
four patients with erythema induratum ei have been diagnosed at the dermatology department within the past two years all four patients had a PH of recurrent painful nodules on their calves for at least three years before diagnosis three of the patients all with positive mantoux reaction to tuberculin skin tests had neither a personal or family history of tuberculosis the other patient who had a six year PH of recurrent painful leg nodules developed a tuberculous breast abscess there was a dramatic response to antituberculous chemotherapy in all four patients but one subsequently had recurrent nodules which spontaneously subsided without further chemotherapy | MEDAL |
antiosteoporotic activity of ormeloxifene a multifunctional serm using inhibition in parathyroid hormone pth induced resorption of ca from prelabeled chick and rat fetal limb bones in chase cultures and modulation of certain biochemical markers of bone turnover and bone mineral density bmd in ovariectomized adult female rats was investigated ormeloxifene concentrationdependently inhibited pthinduced resorption of ca from chick fetal femora with treatedcontrol tc ratio of and at and microm concentration in comparison to and in case of cdri a pure antiestrogen tamoxifen and ethynylestradiol microm respectively using rat fetal limb bones ormeloxifene microm exhibited tc ratio of in comparison to with pth CT HK bones exhibited negligible resorption tc in response to pth in adult female rats ormeloxifene and mgkg per day inhibited ovariectomyinduced increase in serum total and bonespecific ALP phosphatase and osteocalcin and urine calciumcreatinine ratio to almost IN control level ovariectomy was accompanied by marked decrease in bone mineral density of isolated femur and tibia being maximum in femur neck p and midshaft p but only marginal p in region proximal to tibiofibular separation point decrease in bmd based on tzscore too was sd than mean value of normal young adultagematched females this was prevented by ormeloxifene and the effect though apparently more in females supplemented with higher dose of ormeloxifene was not always significantly different and clear DR was not evident until bmd data was evaluated on tzscore basis the analysis also demonstrated much higher threshold level of tibia than femur and more so for their midshafts increase in bmd of isolated bones was also observed in ormeloxifenetreated intact females without significantly altering PSA markers of bone turnover or uterine weight findings suggest potential of ormeloxifene in management of PM OP and beneficial effect on bmd in women taking this serm for contraception or any hormonerelated clinical disorder | MEDAL |
from november to july men with previously untreated localized prostate CA were consecutively randomized in an open multicenter study the main objective was to determine if early endocrine treatment prolongs the interval to metastasis andor CA related or overall survival patients were randomized to receive either mg PEP by intramuscular injection every weeks plus micrograms ethinylestradiol times daily or mg EMP times daily or for surveillance only but with deferred endocrine treatment at progression to M1 from further inclusion into the PEP plus ethinylestradiol group was closed because of a VHF of cardiovascular complications and thereafter patients were instead randomized to a new TG with mg PEP only by IM i.t. every weeks mean age was years for evaluable patients in the polyestradiol phosphate plus ethinylestradiol group in the estramustine phosphate group and in the deferred treatment group respectively mean followup for patients alive on august was months range to during the observation period patients had metastasis there was no difference in interval to metastasis p among the groups although there was a tendency for a higher probability of metastases in the deferred treatment group a total of patients died during the observation period and prostatic CA was considered to be the cause of death in there was a significant difference p among the groups in the probability of dying of prostatic cancer with the highest risk in the surveillance group but we found no significant difference in overall survival the relevance of different prognostic AF and their interaction with treatment was also evaluated these analyses were applied to the entire patient group as well as to the different subgroups we found that patients with moderately well differentiated cancer stage greater than ta who received early treatment with estramustine phosphate had the lowest risk of metastases or death from prostatic cancer while those with well differentiated CA stage greater than ta did best on early polyestradiol phosphate plus ethinylestradiol treatment | MEDAL |
to estimate the length of hospitalization following bone marrow transplantationbmt we conducted a retrospective T0 of patients who had received allogeneic bmts at our institution by our criteria patients were considered ready for discharge if they were afebrile did not need intravenous chemotherapy or blood transfusions more than times per week had maintained these conditions for week or more and also had no medical history of hepatic venoocclusive disease gradeiiorhigher graftversushost disease interstitial pneumonitis or severe hepatorenal dysfunction the median length of hoive serovars in a leptospirosis panel twentyone of horses with recurrent uveitis and one of uveitisfree horses were positive by pcr for the presence of leptospira dna six of these horses with uveitis were culture positive for leptospires from the aqueous humor serologic results did not correlate well with the presence of leptospira dna or organisms in the aqueous humor leptospira spp are present in a high percentage of horses with naturally occurring recurrent uveitis | MEDAL |
circumferential resection margin involvement T3 RC surgery is associated with local recurrence and decreased survival but definitions of safe margins vary this T0 assessed the influence of various circumferential margins on longterm outcome from RC surgery | MEDAL |
Subsets and Splits