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the nature of target molecules of NK killer nk CML remains to be elucidated as we previously reported mab recognizes one of the tumorassociated antigens designated as antigen ag expressed on the cell surface of rat fibrosarcomas w and w which are transformants of wfb rat fetal FB cell line with hras oncogene ag was thought to be a target structure of nk cells since mab inhibited nk cellmediated lysis against w and w here we demonstrate by molecular cloning that ag is MZ to rat cd IP and immunoblotting studies also showed that mab and antirat cd mab ox recognize the same protein of w cell lysates with an kda molecular size cd was suggested to be a target structure of nk cellmediated lysis however rat cd cdna transfection alone into cd null cell lines did not result in upregulation of target cell susceptibility to nk cellmediated lysis our results therefore indicated that cd may play a crucial role as one of the target structures in our rat fibrosarcoma system though the cell surface expression of cd alone does not affect nk susceptibility of the target cells | MEDAL |
expression C2 of vaccine antigens in transgenic plants have important consequences in their use as edible vaccines the major structural protein vp from the rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus rhdv has been produced in transgenic plants using different strategies to compare its accumulation in plant tissues the highest expressing plants were those presenting stable complex highdensity structures formed by vp suggesting the importance of multisubunit structures for the stability of this protein in plant cells mice fed with leaves of transgenic plants expressing vp were primed to a subimmunogenic baculovirusderived vaccine single dose this indicates that plants expressing vp antigen may be a new means for oral rhdv immunization | MEDAL |
we reported an extremely rare case of posttraumatic spinal pseudomeningocele which caused SCC years T3 getting injury and demonstrated that sequelae of an injury may occur many years after the original wound a yearold man who got left C2 root avulsion due to a traffic accident when he was years old began to complain of progressive muscle atrophy and weakness of left lower extremity year ago myelography demonstrated pseudomeningocele at left cc level and mri and CTM revealed that the pseudomeningocele extends through the intervertebral foramen and compresses the spinal cord to the right side in the spinal canal bilateral functional compression of spinal cord dorsal and lateral column was also verified with sep and mep electrophysiologically | MEDAL |
a combined numericalexperimental iterative procedure based on the gaussnewton algorithm has been developed for control of magnetic resonance mrguided hyperthermia ht applications in a hybrid mrht system bsd dmri in this mrht system composed of a d ht applicator sigmaeye placed inside a tunneltype mr tomograph siemens magnetom symphony t the temperature rise due to the ht radiation can be measured online in three dimensions by use of the proton resonance frequency shift prfs method the basic idea of our iterative procedure is the improvement of the systems characterization by a stepbystep modification of the theoretical ht antenna profiles electric fields radiated by single antennas the adaptation of antenna profiles is efficient if the initial estimates are radiation fields calculated from a good a priori EM MM throughout the iterative procedure the calculated antenna fields fdtd are stepbystep modified by comparing the calculated and exp data the latter obtained using the prfs method the procedure has been experimentally tested on homogeneous and inhomogeneous phantoms it is shown that only few comparison steps are necessary for obtaining a dramatic improvement of the general predictability and SQ of the specific Ka sar inside the mrht hybrid system | MEDAL |
the higherorder harmonic resonances including second and third harmonic modes were induced by applying alternative current signals inside a highresolution transmission electron microscope hrtem which have been used to T0 the mechanical properties of individual Cd sulphide cds nanowires youngs moduli e and mechanical SQ factors q of individual cds nanowires with diameters in the range of nm were measured with the assistance of the mechanical resonances the results indicate that the smooth nanowires have larger e and q in comparison with the rough nanowires and for the rough nanowires e and q increase with increasing diameters the morphology and sizedependent mechanical properties of cds nanowires are directly correlated with their structure as imaged by in situ tem | MEDAL |
the effect of hydroxytransdecenoic acid hda a L1 HFA component of royal jelly was investigated on lpsinduced cytokine production in mu macrophage cell line raw cells hda inhibited lpsinduced il production dosedependently but did not inhibit tnfα production hda inhibited lpsinduced nfκb activation in a dosedependent fashion in addition nfκb activation induced by overexpression of either myd or tollil receptor domaincontaining adaptor inducing ifnβ trif was also inhibited by hda Kd of iκbα and phosphorylation of iκb kinaseα were not inhibited by hda on the other hand reduction of lpsinduced iκbζ expression was discovered production of lipocalin and granulocyte colonystimulating factor gcsf which is dependent on iκbζ was also inhibited by hda whereas that of iκbζindependent cytokineschemokines such as ifnβ murine MCP-1 je macrophage inflammatory protein mipα and mip was not together hda specifically inhibited lpsinduced iκbζ expression followed by inhibition of iκbζdependent gene production these results suggest that hda is one of the components of RJ to show antiinflammatory effects and could be a therapeutic drug candidate for inflammatory and AD associated with iκbζ and il production | MEDAL |
singleport videoassisted thoracoscopic surgery vats has recently been proposed as an innovative minimally invasive alternative to the standard threeport vats for lobectomies most of which are performed using a conventional rigid thoracoscope here we report a singleport vats RPA for right upper lobectomy and systematic lymph node dissection using a flexible endoscope a yearold male smoker presented with a pulmonary nodule a singleport vats procedure was performed through a cm IC incision using a flexible laparothoraco videoscope RA upper lobectomy and systematic lymph node dissection were performed the total operating time was in the procedure was successful and the recovery uneventful the patients chest tube was removed on tphene composite the composite shows a superior h productivity up to mmol g h when used as a photocatalyst for water splitting corresponding to an apparent quantum efficiency of at nm this superior performance is due to the hydrophilic nature of the composite and more importantly due to the ultrafine tao NPs about ± nm which are covalently bonded with the conductive graphene the hydrophilic property of the composite is attributed to the use of ho in the hydrothermal process the ultrafine size of the tao particles which are covalently bonded with the graphene sheets is attributed to the use of sonication in the synthesis process furthermore the hydrophilic taogr composite is durable which is beneficial to long term photocatalysis the strategy reported here provides a new RPA to designing photocatalysts with superior performance for h production | MEDAL |
we used isothermal titration calorimetry to study the equilibrium thermodynamics for formation of the physiologicallyrelevant redox protein complex between yeast ferricytochrome c and yeast ferricytochrome c peroxidase a binding stoichiometry was observed and the binding free energies agree with results from other techniques the IB is either enthalpy or entropydriven depending on the conditions and the heat capacity NC upon IB is negative increasing the ionic strength destabilizes the complex and both the binding enthalpy and entropy increase increasing the temperature stabilizes the complex indicating a positive vant hoff binding enthalpy yet the calorimetric IB enthalpy is negative to kcal mol we suggest that this discrepancy is caused by solvent reorganization in an intermediate state the measured enthalpy and heat capacity changes are in reasonable agreement with the values estimated from the surface area NC upon complex formation these results are compared to those for formation of the horse ferricytochrome cyeast ferricytochrome c peroxidase complex the results suggest that the crystal and solution structures for the yeast complex are the same while the crystal and solution structures for horse cytochrome cyeast cytochrome c peroxidase are different | MEDAL |
to determine the efficacy and tolerability of olanzapinefluoxetine combination ofc compared with lamotrigine lam for LT treatment of bipolar i depression this wk randomized doubleblind study compared ofc or mgd n with lam titrated to mgd n in patients with bipolar i disorder depressed a protocolspecified analysis of wk outcomes was previously reported outcome measures included CGI-S cgis primary montgomeryasberg depression rating scale madrs and young mania rating scale ymrs scores ofctreated patients had significantly greater improvement than lamtreated patients over wk on cgis p madrs p and ymrs p scores and from baseline across visits from week titration CR to the end of the study on cgis p madrs p and ymrs p scores of patients in remission after the wk acute phase there was no significant difference between treatment CG in the incidence of relapse madrs p rate of treatmentemergent mania was not significantly different by treatment p ofctreated patients had more frequent p somnolence increased appetite dry mouth sedation weight gain and tremor lamtreated patients had more frequent insomnia there was a significant difference in incidence of treatmentemergent cholesterol or p and in WG of or p in favour of the lam group patients with BP i depression had significantly greater symptom improvement over wk on ofc compared with lam there was no treatment difference in incidence of relapse ofctreated patients had more treatmentemergent AEs and greater incidence of WG and hypercholesterolaemia | MEDAL |
the present T0 investigated the accuracy of microscale finite element modeling for simulating broadband ultrasound propagation in watersaturated trabecular bonemimicking phantoms to this end five commercially manufactured aluminum foam samples as trabecular bonemimicking phantoms were utilized for ultrasonic immersion throughtransmission experiments based on MCT images of the same PCS samples threedimensional highresolution computational samples were generated to be implemented in the microscale FEM models the finite PE models employed the standard galerkin FEM fem in time domain to simulate the US experiments the numerical simulations did not include energy dissipative mechanisms of US attenuation however they expectedly simulated reflection refraction scattering and wave mode conversion the accuracy of the finite element simulations were evaluated by comparing the simulated US attenuation and velocity with the experimental data the maximum and the average relative PE between the exp and simulated attenuation coefficients in the frequency range of mhz were and respectively moreover the simulations closely predicted the timeofflight based E/A and the phase E/A of ultrasound with maximum relative PE of ms and ms respectively the results of this study strongly suggest that microscale FEM can effectively simulate broadband ultrasound propagation in watersaturated trabecular bonemimicking structures | MEDAL |
intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma icc the least common form of cholangiocarcinomas is a rare hepatobiliary malignancy that arises from the epithelial cells of the intrahepatic bile ducts the incidence of icc has been rising in the global scale over the last twenty years which may reflect both a tr neutrophils pmns from posthsct patients a fumigatus conidia with or without afd were used to stimulate the pmn from healthy donor or hsct patient for two hours pmn morphology was visualized by scanning electron microscopy the C2 of respiratory burst o produced by the pmns were determined by flow cytometry pmn phagocytic rates and phagocytic indexes were observed and calculated using periodic acidschiff pas staining under a lightfield microscope no difference was found between the pmn phagocytic rates phagocytic indexes or o respiratory burst C2 in health donor pmns following treatments of a fumigatus conidia with or without afd however significant inhibition of these indices was seen in the pmns from hsct patients following treatment of a fumigatus conidia plus afd compared to that with conidium treatment alone p therefore afd significantly inhibited the phagocytic CF of pmns from hsct patients potentially through inhibition of intracellular respiratory burst levels during phagocytosis this suggests that the reason underlying the greater susceptibility of hsct patients to aspergillosis might be the existence of afd in vivo during infection further research on the mechanisms by which afd affects the phagocytic CF of pmns from hsct patients is therefore of great significance for the prevention of ia | MEDAL |
bloodretinal barrier breakdown with macular edema is caused by many diseases which modulatevia different growth factorsthe integrity of the tight junctions starlings law predicts furthermore that ME will develop if the HP gradient between capillary and retinal tissue is increased for example in the presence of elevated blood pressure or if the OP gradient is decreased for example when protein accumulates excessively in the extracellular space within the retina the rationale for clinical treatment of macular edema is based on the understanding and the inhibition of these pathophysiological mechanisms on the medical side nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs inhibit the production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes and modulate fluid movement coupled to chloride movement CSs block cyclooxygenase and interleukin downregulate V1 endothelial growth factor vegf and decrease the phosphorylation of occludin thereby increasing the tightness of the bloodretinal barrier carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are thought to modulate the polarized distribution of carbonic anhydrase at the level of the retinal PE via extracellular ph gradients and thus the fluid resorption from the retina into the choroid antivegf agents restore occludin proteins in the bloodretinal barrier and reduce protein kinase c activation on the surgical side the beneficial effect of vitrectomy with release of traction on the macula is explained by an increase in tissue pressure and a lowering of the HP gradient reducing the water flux from blood vessels into retinal tissue the therapeutic action of vitrectomy in nontractional edema is thought to be based on two mechanisms increased oxygen transport between the anterior and posterior segments of the eye and the removal of growth AF which are secreted in large amounts into the vitreous during proliferative vasculopathies | MEDAL |
we have reviewed our experience with bcell lymphomas to determine the effectiveness of flow cytometry in the characterization of these HM flow cytometric immunophenotyping of the total lymphocyte andor large lymphocyte populations confirmed the morphologic diagnosis of bcell lymphoma in of cases which included monoclonal and surface immunoglobulin signegative lymphomas light chain monoclonality was most frequent in low grade and follicular center cell fcc lymphomas while signegative cases were most common in high grade and nonfcc types low grade lymphomas of all histologic types had high median percentages of neoplastic cells and low tcell percentages conversely high grade lymphomas exhibited lower and less uniform median percentages of bcells with higher numbers of tcells and lower cdcd ratios than low grade lymphomas several differences in b and tcells were observed between specific high grade histologic types fcc lymphomas with a diffuse DP had lower percentages of cd cells and lower cdcd ratios than cases with a follicular pattern thus immunophenotypic differences were observed between histologic types or CG with known differences in clinical course and prognosis we conclude that flow cytometry provides reliable iformed in vitro on whole tissue preparations and on individual components of connective tissues enzymatic Kd has been used to selectively remove components from the tissues collagen is the main loadbearing component in muscle tendon and skin the mechanical properties of the aorta appear to depend on an interaction between collagen and elastin CM of purified reconstituted collagen type i itself exhibits the viscoelastic SMB which is characteristic for tissues like muscle tendon and skin applicability of the methods is shown in two examples the strength of skin samples from patients with osteogenesis imperfecta was found to be reduced and the skin from the patients with the lowest strength contained the highest proportions of collagen type iii moreover the stability of molecular collagen type i was decreased in samples of the intracranial arteria cerebri media obtained at autopsy from patients with rupture of intracranial aneurysms the wall thickness dry defatted weight and ratio collagen type itype iii were increased the diameter of the arteries was reduced | MEDAL |
AP medications are clearly identified as important in the treatment of individuals with schizophrenia and with BP disorder however negative societal reaction related to having a SMI and the socially undesirable SE associated with antipsychotic medication treatment may combine to worsen stigma associated with treatment for mental illness TPS stigmatizing effects of antipsychotic therapy may be difficult to evaluate independently from AF such as PS insight into illness and SE attitudes towards antipsychotic medication may be positive in individuals who recognize therapeutic drug effects however other individuals may view medications negatively due to a sense of stigma stigma among individuals with BP disorder in relation to treatment with AP medication has not been well addressed in the literature an additional concern among individuals with bipolar disorder who receive AP medications may be the notion that antipsychotics are schizophrenia drugs and thus an inappropriate treatment for their condition antipsychotic medications can be stigmatizing for patients with serious mental illness however the roots of stigma are extensive and efforts to minimize stigma can only be successful when addressed by the individual with illness their families and loved ones treatment providers and society at large | MEDAL |
the aims of this T0 were to determine the effects of a week recreational soccer training programme and continuous endurance running on BC of young adult men and to determine which of these two programmes was more ERP concerning body composition sixtyfour participants completed the randomized controlled trial and were randomly assigned to one of three groups a soccer TG soc n a running group run n or a control group performing no physical training con n training programmes for soc and run lasted week with training sessions per week soccer sessions consisted of min ordinary fiveaside sixaside or sevenaside matches on a m wide and m long plastic grass pitch running sessions consisted of min of continuous moderate intensity running at the same average HR rate as in soc hrmax all participants regardless of group assignment were tested for each of the following dependent variables body weight BH body mass index percent body fat body fat mass fatfree mass and TB water in the soc and run groups there was a significant decrease p in body composition parameters from pre to posttraining values for all measures with the exception of fatfree mass and total body water body mass index PBF and BFM did not differ between groups at baseline but by week were significantly lower p in the soc and run grouand improved systolic and diastolic function clinical stroke scores in the losartan group were significantly reduced compared with those in the amlodipine and vehicle groups however rats treated with losartan exhibited higher C2 of angiotensin ii and lower levels of aldosterone in the serum and brain SC compared with the VH and amlodipinetreated rats furthermore losartan significantly reduced the abnormal expression of angiotensin ii receptors type and in shrsp rats whilst AML did not these results suggest that losartan may be more efficacious than amlodipine in ameliorating blood pressure deterioration and reducing stroke risk in shrsp rats via regulation of the renin angiotensin system | MEDAL |
we previously showed that m protein from opacity factornegative streptococcus pyogenes group a streptococci cs is responsible for immunoglobulin g igg IB activity here we report that this m protein binds human SS albumin hsa deletion analysis showed that the c repeats are sufficient for IB hsa although UP regions may be required for optimal binding like PG igg and hsa bind to independent domains in the emm experiments showed that bound igg did not inhibit hsa binding to the emm the interaction between m protein and hsa is specific emm does not bind chicken egg and bovine SS albumins alignments of c and c repeats of m protein to sequences at the carboxy termini of other m proteins and ig receptors revealed highly homologous sequences in the fcrv m m ml and m proteins suggesting that all could bind hsa as predicted from the alignment emm and m streptococci bound hsa whereas an isogenic m mutant did not bind hsa furthermore m protein from an opacity factorpositive strain also bound hsa | MEDAL |
the basal level of fibronectin fn biosynthesis is greatly reduced in nrastransformed human fibrosarcoma ht cells when compared with NF the rate of fn biosynthesis can be significantly increased in ht cells by the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone which has been shown to act by selectively stabilizing the fn message dc dean rf newby and s bourgeois j cell biol the present T0 demonstrates that the basal C2 of fn biosynthesis and accumulated fn mrna are also reduced in ht cells when compared with nontumorigenic revertants of ht cells in which the mutated nras S2 is underrepresented in contrast the fn promoter is more AS in ht cells than in the revertant cells these results indicate that the downregulation of fn in ht cells is linked to expression of the nras oncogene and that the effect is posttranscriptional therefore the nras oncogene and GCs have opposite posttranscriptional effects on fn biosynthesis in ht cells however this T0 demonstrates that the stimulatory effects of GCs are not mediated by a transcriptional repression of the nras gene | MEDAL |
the PPN nucleus is a mesencephalic nucleus that has widespread and reciprocal connections with the basal ganglia it has been implicated in the physiopathology of akinesia rigidity gait failure and sleep disorders associated with FPD in this T0 in situ hybridization was used to examine the changes in neuronal metabolic activity measuring cytochrome oxidase subunit i and in the level of acetylcholine and substance p synthesis in the pedunculopontine nucleus of monkeys chronically treated with mptp significant reductions were observed in cytochrome oxidase S1 i p choline acetyl transferase p and substance p p mrna expression in PD animals compared with controls indicating that PPN ACh SN activity decreases with parkinsonism | MEDAL |
can human sertoli cells cultured in vitro and that have formed an epithelium be used as a MM to monitor toxicantinduced junction disruption and to better understand the mechanisms by which toxicants disrupt cell adhesion at the sertoli cell bloodtestis barrier btb | MEDAL |
the ability of different synthetic cell penetrating peptides as antennapedia wild and phe mutated penetratins flock house virus and Int peptides to form complexes with a mer AO was compared and their conformation was determined by circular dichroism spectroscopy the efficiency for oligonucleotide delivery into cells was measured using peptides labeled with a coumarin derivative showing blue fluorescence and the fluoresceinlabeled AO showing green fluorescence fluorescence due to the excitation energy transfer confirmed the interaction of the antisense oligonucleotide and CPPs the most efficient oligonucleotide delivery was found for penetratins comparison of the two types of penetratins shows that the wildtype penetratin proved to be more efficient than mutated penetratin the paper also emphasizes that the attachment of a fluorescent label may have an effect on the conformation and flexibility of cellpenetrating peptides that must be taken into consideration when evaluating biological experiments | MEDAL |
the two most widely used neural models multilayer perceptron mlp and radial basis function network rbfn are presented in the framework of system identification and control the main steps for building such nonlinear black box models are regressor choice selection of internal architecture and parameter estimation the advantages of neural network models are summarized universal approximation capabilities flexibility and parsimony two applications are described in steel industry and water treatment respectively the control of alloying process in a hot dipped galvanizing line and the control of a coagulation process in a drinking water treatment plant these examples highlight the interest of neural techniques when complex nonlinear phenomena are involved but the empirical knowledge of control operators can be learned | MEDAL |
CE neuropeptides play a role in many physiological RII processes through the autonomic NS thyrotropinreleasing hormone trh is distributed in the CE NS and acts as a neurotransmitter to regulate gastric functions through vagalmuscarinic pathways the central effect of the trh analog on hepatic blood flow was investigated in urethananesthetized rats hepatic blood flow was determined by the hydrogen gas clearance technique intracisternal injection of the SD trh analog rx ng dose dependently increased hepatic blood flow with peak response at min T3 the peptide was po net change from basal for VH and and ng rx was and mlmin g respectively and this stimulatory effect returned to baseline at min the stimulation of hepatic blood flow by the intracisternally po trh analog was abolished by atropine methyl nitrate mgkg ip indomethacin mgkg ip ngnitrolarginine methyl ester mgkg iv and hepatic branch vagotomy but not by C2 spinal cord transection c level i.v. of rx did not have any effect on hepatic blood flow these results indicate that trh acts in the CE nervous system to stimulate hepatic blood flow through vagalmuscarinic and indomethacin and nitric oxidedependent pathways | MEDAL |
MICs mics of cefadroxil were determined for defined clinicallysignificant bacteria isolated in a london teaching hospital and for strains from an international collection of GNB assuming a breakpoint of mgl for the hospital isolates of GNB and of grampositive cocci were CS no significant difference between inpatient OP or CA isolates was found ninetyfive and a half per cent of escherichia coli klebsiella aerogenes including gentamicinresistant strains proteus mirabilis and with the exception of streptococcus faecalis and MRSA all GP cocci were CS of strains of enterobacter spp were resistant most indolepositive proteus and all serratia and acinetobacter spp were resistant including additional strains taken from an international collection of strains of haemophilus influenzae only six had mics of mgl or less for disc susceptibility testing the standard disc containing micrograms of cefadroxil reliably gave zones of greater than mm for organisms with mics of less than mgl a zone of less than mm corresponded to mics of greater than mgl despite a lack of controlled clinical trials the results of this study taken with favourable pharmacokinetics suggest that cefadroxil has potential as an oral cephalosporin in hospital practice in the uk | MEDAL |
the enantioseparation of PPC phc in capillary electrophoresis ce has been studied using various cyclodextrins cds such as native alpha beta and gammacd and several neutral and randomly as well as selectively substituted charged cd derivatives reversal of the enantiomer migration order was observed when using heptakistriomethyl tmbetacd as a chiral selector compared to all other cds used the PCD of phc was performed using either uv or laserinduced fluorescence lif detection the limit of PCD lod observed with lif PCD was ca times lower compared to uv the method has been applied to the analysis of urine samples of the patient under treatment with phc in combination with other drugs such as ramipril hydrochlorothiazide and nifedipine | MEDAL |
a concept of a solidstate lighting engine for artworkspecific illumination with controlled photochemical safety is introduced the engine is based on a tetrachromatic cluster of colored lightemitting diodes wirelessly controlled via an external smart device by using an instantaneous dimming functionality the driving software allows for maintaining the damage irradiance relevant to a particular type of photosensitive artwork material at a constant value while varying the chromaticity and color rendition properties of the generated light the effect of the constant damage irradiance on the visual impression from artworks is demonstrated for the lighting engine operating in three modes such as selecting color temperature tuning color saturating ability and shifting chromaticity outside white light locus respectively | MEDAL |
the composition of the growth medium especially the presence of divalent cations mg and ca affects the susceptibility of bacteria to AGs regression lines were calculated for gentamicin and NTL with fresh clinical isolates and by the use of the standardized disc diffusion and agar dilution methods on pdmagar or MHA at the breakpoint less than or equal to microgramsml denoting susceptibility different zones of inhibition were obtained on the different agar media when performing regression line analysis from tests with isolates by the disc DWI method on muellerhinton agar versus mics in MH BB the resulting lines were different from those when performing the mics in agar furthermore the bacteria were twofold or more susceptible in unsupplemented muellerhinton broth than on MHA | MEDAL |
plateletactivating factor paf is a potent lipid mediator that exhibits versatile biologic MICs in many diverse systems by binding to a specific cellsurface receptor pafr although the production of paf in cultured KCs and fibroblasts has been reported physiologic roles of this mediator in skin remain unclear in this study we examined in situ expression of pafr gene in rat skin and the effects of paf on the proliferation and differentiation of cultured human KCs in rat epidermis pafr mrna expression was found from the basal cells to the granular cells and strong signals were seen in the stratum spinosum in cultured human KCs a kb pafr mrna expression was demonstrated by RNA blotting and two distinct type transcripts driven by different promoters were detected by reverse transcriptase PCR reaction analysis addition of paf nm to cultured keratinocytes during a growth phase inhibited the proliferation this effect was receptor dependent because the inhibition was CR blocked by a pafr antagonist web nm on the other hand whereas paf nm alone did not affect the cornified envelope formation during the process of KC differentiation web nm accelerated it in a concentrationdependent manner addition of paf nm reversed the effect of web suggesting that web induced cornification by inhibiting paf endogeneously produced by KCs in an autocrine manner thus we propose that paf is an intrinsic regulator of keratinocyte during proliferation and differentiation | MEDAL |
meningococcal vaccines in france in france in several vaccines against invasive meningococcal disease imd are available nonconjugated polysaccharide vaccines bivalent ac and tetravalent acyw conjugate vaccines monovalent a monovalent c and quadrivalent acyw and a novel multicomponent meningococcal b vaccine these vaccines have a very satisfactory safety profile currently in france universal vaccination against serogroup c meningococcal disease is recommended for all infants at the age of months with catch up till the age of years vaccination against imd b and c are also recommended to persons with specific individual risk factors mainly asplenia complement deficiency hematopoietic stem cells or travel i the extraction of gut microbial dna for the basal and e phases seven and five patients respectively showed undetectable gips content the bacterial s rrna gene vv hypervariable regions were sequenced using the illumina miseq platform and downstream analysis was done using a quantitative insights into microbial ecology qiime pipeline no significant differences in the gsrs questionnaires were observed between the two phases however we observed a significantly lower abundance of some gut genera | MEDAL |
in a retrospective case finding T0 we collected data from patients with polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type ii pgas type ii who had been treated in our endocrine OP clinic between and AD patients females and males fulfilled the criteria for pgas type ii association of autoimmune endocrine disease with at least one otherusually endocrineautoimmune disease or autoantibodies against another organ among these patients had HT due to autoimmune thyroiditis were hyperthyroid graves disease and had silent autoimmune thyroiditis without thyroid dysfunction IDDM type i diabetes mellitus iddm was seen in addisons disease in primary hypogonadism in vitiligo in and PA in cases the presence of antiparietal cell antibodies was demonstrated in of investigated patients these patients also showed other evidence of autoimmune gastritis such as increased gastrin in out of diminished vitamin b levels out of atrophic gastritis out of pernicious anemia out of and funicular myelosis out of | MEDAL |
V1 occlusive diseases affect brain blood flow BB metabolism and are associated with arterial ischemic stroke this T0 was designed to measure the BB blood flow velocity BB oxygenation hemoglobin concentrations hematocrit and cell free hemoglobin at pre and postexchange red cell transfusion in an year old male patient with sickle cell disease and moyamoya syndrome mms ET increased cerebral oxygen saturation total hemoglobin concentration hemoglobin aa and reduced sickle ss hemoglobin arterializations and cell free hemoglobin BB blood flow velocity values were unaffected by transfusion these observations suggest that ET increases the hemoglobin carrying capacity and reduces sickle hemoglobin and shunting of blood which may improve the IP and cerebral oxygenation transfusion did not affect the brain blood flow in this patient therefore the risk of transient ischemic attack and arterial ischemic stroke from mms still exist | MEDAL |
we hypothesized that the ovulatory response of one ovary to fsh would be related positively to the size of the primordial and growing pools of follicles in the other ovary nonlactating cows n were unilaterally ovariectomized and days later were superovulated the superovulatory response was classified as low corpora lutea cl medium cl or high cl surface follicles on the ovary removed before superovulation were classified as small mm medium mm or large mm and the ovary was then fixed and serially sectioned follicles mm in diameter in fields x mm per cow were classified as primordial primary AA or tertiary by classification suboptimal ovaries contained follicles mm and optimal ovaries contained follicles mm number of cl was correlated positively with total number of primordial tertiary and medium surface follicles number of empty fields x mm fields containing no follicles was correlated negatively with superovulatory response and number of primordial follicles number of cl was related to number of tertiary follicles in a positive linear manner and the number of medium follicles in a positive quadratic manner r numbers of primordial tertiary small surface follicles medium surface follicles and total surface follicles were lower p in the low superovulatory response group than in the medium or high group suboptimal ovaries had fewer small surface follicles and fewer cl than optimal ovaries p we conclude that superovulatory response in cattle is related positively to the pools of primordial and growing follicles in the bovine ovary | MEDAL |
the complete primary structure of an unusual soluble cytochrome c isolated from the obligate methylotrophic bacterium methylophilus methylotrophus has been determined to contain amino acids and to have an average molecular mass of da the sequence has two unusual features firstly the location of the hemebinding cysteines is far downstream from the nterminus namely at positions and secondly an extra pair of cysteine residues is present near the cterminus in both respects cytochrome c is similar to the oxygenbinding heme protein shp from the purple phototrophic bacterium rhodobacter sphaeroides in contrast to shp cytochrome c changes from lowspin to HS upon reduction due to dissociation of a sixth heme ligand histidine which is identified as his by analogy to the class i cytochromes c the distance of his from the heme residues and the presence of certain consensus residues suggests that cytochrome c is the second example of a variant class i cytochrome c | MEDAL |
the effect of trapidil a coronary vasodilator and positive inotropic agent associated with elevated tissue cAMP levels due to phosphodiesterase inhibition was examined on the electrophysiological properties of cardiac muscle specifically the trapidil was tested for its ability to induce slow action potentials aps and to affect the maximum upstroke velocity vmnd other findings obtained from metabolic tests the average value of the gmt MICs in the blood of a RG of cows was u per the sigma was u per reference limits for the gmt MICs in the bovine BS to u per interval of confidence could be determined by a parametric statistical method average deviations of the gmt MICs from those in the reference group of cows expressed in histogram units j ranged from to j after a longterm observation in particular calendar months the maximum positive deviations were observed in january june july november and they indicate the risk period in august and september the values nearly approached those in the RG of cows the maximum positive deviation of the metabolic test amounted to j january there were eight metabolic tests with the deviation greater than j during the observation two in the summer period mayoctober and six in the winter period novemberapril in cows after calving and in the first half of gravidity the gmt MICs were most frequently in the decade u per and in highly Pr cows in the decade u per | MEDAL |
leishmaniasis is a disease caused by infection with the protozoan parasite leishmania which is responsible for three main types of disease CL visceral leishmaniasis and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis based to the site of infection for the particular species this presents a L1 challenge to successful drug treatment as a drug must not only reach antileishmanial concentrations in infected macrophages the parasites host cell but also reach INF cells in locations specific to the type of disease in this paper we discuss how studies using leishmania have contributed to our knowledge on how drug delivery systems can be used to improve drug efficacy and delivery | MEDAL |
cocaine and amphetamineregulated transcript cart MMP are implicated in a wide range of behaviors including in the reinforcing properties of psychostimulants feeding and EB and stress and anxiety responses we conducted a complex trait analysis to examine NK R2 in the regulation of cart transcript abundance cartta in the hypothalamus cart transcript abundance was measured in total hypothalamic rna from bxd recombinant inbred ri mouse strains and in the B6 b and dbaj d progenitor strains the CS CSD pattern for cartta was continuous across the ri panel which is consistent with this being a quantitative trait marker regression and interval mapping revealed significant quantitative trait loci qtl on mouse chromosome around cm and chromosome between cm that influence cartta and account for of the between CS variance in this phenotype there are numerous candidate genes and qtl in these chromosomal regions that may indicate shared genetic regulation between cart expression and other neurobiological processes referable to known actions of this NPY | MEDAL |
cln cyclin of the budding yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae is a key regulator of start a cell cycle event in g phase at which cells become committed to division the time of start is sensitive to cln levels which in turn depend on the balance between synthesis and rapid Kd here we report that the breakdown of cln is ubiquitin dependent and involves the ubiquitinconjugating enzyme cdc ubc the CT tail of cln functions as a transferable signal for degradation sequences important for cln Kd are spread throughout the tail and consist largely of pest elements which have been previously suggested to target certain proteins for rapid turnover the cln tail also appears to contain multiple phosphorylation CS and both phosphorylation and degradation of cln are deficient in a cdcts mutant at the nonpermissive temperature a point mutation at ser which lies within a cdc kinase consensus site causes approximately fivefold stabilization of a clnbetagalactosidase fusion protein that contains a portion of the cln tail and strongly reduces the phosphorylation of this protein these data indicate that the degradation of cln involves cdcdependent phosphorylation events | MEDAL |
the general pattern of the organization of the TC projections to the agranular frontal cortex of the monkey is still matter of debate an important issue is whether each motor area is the target of a single thalamic nucleus or it receives afferences from multiple thalamic sources in this light it is of interest to determine whether the basal ganglia and cerebellar outputs which are segregated in the thalamus remain segregated also at the cortical level or on the contrary both converge on the same cortical areas in the present article we present data concerning the thalamic input to mesial area obtained with cortical injections of retrograde neural tracers this cortical sector classically considered as coextensive with the so called supplementary motor area sma was recently found to be formed by two independent anatomofunctional areas f smaproper and f presma on the basis of the neurophysiological properties of the two Az we have proposed that f plays a hierarchically higher role in motor control than f the present results allow us the following main conclusions a each motor area is the target of a distinct set of thalamic nuclei b each area is the target of both BG and cerebellar outflows c as far as the basal ganglia input is concerned f is a part of the so called basal ganglia motor loop whereas f belongs to the basal ganglia complex loop this differential BG input provides further evidence in favor of a higher hierarchical role of f in comparison to f | MEDAL |
leukotrienec synthase ltcs generates ltc from AA acid metabolism ltc is a proinflammatory factor that acts on BPM cysteinyl leukotriene receptors recently however we showed that ltc was also a cytosolic second messenger that G1 storeindependent ltcregulated ca lrc channels encoded by oraiorai heteromultimers in vascular smooth muscle cells vsmcs we showed that orai and lrc currents were upregulated in medial and neointimal vsmcs after V1 injury and that orai knockdown inhibited lrc currents and neointimal hyperplasia however the role of ltcs in neointima formation remains unknown here we show that ltcs knockdown inhibited lrc currents in vsmcs we performed in vivo experiments where rat left CAs were injured using balloon angioplasty to cause NIH neointima formation was associated with upregulation of ltcs protein expression in vsmcs inhibition of ltcs expression in injured carotids by lentiviral particles encoding shrna inhibited neointima formation and inward and outward vessel remodeling lrc current activation did not cause nuclear factor for G1 TA nfat nuclear translocation in vsmcs surprisingly knockdown of either ltcs or orai yielded more robust and sustained akt and akt phosphorylation on serser upon serum stimulation ltcs and orai knockdown inhibited vsmc migration in vitro with no effect on proliferation akt activity was suppressed in neointimal and medial vsmcs from injured vessels at weeks postinjury but was restored when the upregulation of either ltcs or orai was prevented by shrna we conclude that ltcs and orai altered akt signaling to promote vsmc migration and neointima formation | MEDAL |
the oligosaccharide deoxydmannooctulosonic acid kdo is a key component of lipopolysaccharide in gramnegative bacteria and is also part of the pectic polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan rgii of the plant cell wall the enzyme kdophosphate synthase kdops encoded by the dehydrodeoxyphosphooctonate aldolase kdsa gene catalyzes the first step in the synthesis of kdo in this T0 the CR coding CS of the kdsa gene from mulberry leaves was cloned and the primary structure of kdops was deduced alignment of the CAA CS of kdops from mulberry with those of five other plant species revealed a high level of evolutionary conservation a phylogenetic tree analysis demonstrated a short genetic distance among kdops proteins of different species expression of the kdsa gene was higher in the second leaves than in the eighth leaves of mulberry and was downregulated under conditions of high salt or drought AS our results suggest that kdsa expression is important for the growth of new plant tissues and is CS to harsh environments | MEDAL |
young rainbow trout were given diets containing graded levels of Met for wk analysis of the weight gain and food efficiency data showed the Met requirement to be not more than of the diet of dietary protein MICs of regulatory enzymes of the transulfuration pathway Met adenosyltransferase and cystathionine synthase in trout CL were not altered by changes in Met NI concentrations of free serine in liver and plasma of the trout were high at low C2 of Met intake but fell as dietary Met increased this implied decreased flux through cystathionine synthase at low methionine intakes C1 increases in liver and plasma taurine occurred at high methionine intakes implying enhanced transulfuration activity CL Orn GAD was reduced at the lowest level of dietary methionine used but the activity of sadenosylmethionine decarboxylase was unchanged eye lenses of the trout given these diets were examined by a scanning lens monitor analysis of focal length variability with this equipment demonstrated that if abnormality of the lens is to be avoided a higher concentration of dietary Met or Met cystine is needed than that required to maximize growth | MEDAL |
emotional intelligence has received an intense amount of attention in leadership circles during the last decade and continuing debate exists concerning the best method for measuring this construct this study analyzed leader EI scores measured via skill and ability methodologies against leader job performance two hundred twelve employees from three organizations participated in this T0 scores on the EI appraisal a skillbased assessment were positively though not significantly correlated with scores on the msceit an abilitybased assessment of emotional IQ scores on the msceit did not have a significant relationship with job performance in this T0 whereas scores on the emotional IQ appraisal had a strong link to leader job performance the four subcomponents of the emotional intelligence appraisal were examined against job performance relationship management was a stronger predictor of leader job performance than the other three subcomponents social awareness was the single emotional IQ skill that did not have a significant link to leader job performance factor analyses yielded a twocomponent model of EI encompassing personal and social competence rather than confirmation of a fourpart taxonomy | MEDAL |
fluorescent derivatives of cobalamin have been prepared by linking fluorophores to cobalamin through a propylamide spacer fluorescein naphthofluorescein and oregon green derivatives have been prepared in good yield by reaction of the fluorophore nhsester with betaaminopropylcobalamin to form FL cobalamin conjugates cobalafluors that are potentially suitable for the in vitro and in vivo imaging of transcobalamin receptors on cancer cells | MEDAL |
the effect of earlyonset CR and aging on the accumulation of electron transport system ets abnormalities was studied in rat skeletal muscle rectus femoris and vastus lateralis MF were analyzed for cytochrome c oxidase cox and succinate dehydrogenase sdh enzyme activities fibers displaying cox negative and sdh hyper reactive coxsdh phenotype were followed through micrometers to determine the frequency and length of these CA as well as the physiological impact on fiber structure calorie restricted rats had fewer ets abnormal MF the mean length of ets abnormal regions in ad libitum rat muscle SF was similar to calorie restricted rat muscles ets abnormal fibers from both diet CG exhibited intrafiber atrophy a negative rho between ets abnormality length and fiber crosssectional area csa ratio was observed in both ad libitum and calorie restricted rats although CR reduced the number of ets abnormalities it did not affect the length or associated fiber atrophy of ets abnormal regions once the abnormality was established thus calorie restriction affects the onset but not the progression of electron transport system abnormalities thereby limiting a process that ultimately results in fiber breakage and fiber loss | MEDAL |
nowadays chaos generators are an attractive field for research and the challenge is their realization for the development of engineering applications from more than three decades ago chaotic oscillators have been designed using discrete electronic devices very few with integrated circuit technology and in this work we propose the use of fieldprogrammable gate arrays fpgas for fast prototyping fpgabased applications require that one be expert on programming with veryhighspeed integrated circuits hardware description language vhdl in this manner we detail the vhdl descriptions of chaos generators for fast prototyping from highlevel NLP using python the cases of study are three kinds of chaos generators based on piecewiselinear pwl functions that can be systematically augmented to generate even and odd number of scrolls we introduce new algorithms for the vhdl description of pwl functions like saturated functions series negative slopes and sawtooth the generated vhdlcode is portable reusable and open source to be synthesized in an fpga finally we show experimental results for observing and scroll attractors | MEDAL |
gravity alteration micro and HG is known to influence cell functions as guanosine cyclic monophosphate cgmp plays an important role in human melanocyte functions and different guanylyl cyclase isoforms are responsible for cgmp synthesis in human nonmetastatic and metastatic melanoma cells we investigated the effects of hypergravity on the regulation of cgmp C2 in cultured human melanocytes and in melanoma cell lines with different metastatic potentials hypergravity was produced by horizontal centrifugal acceleration here we report that longterm application of hypergravity up to g for h stimulated cgmp efflux in cultured MC and in nonmetastatic melanoma cells in the presence of mm isobutylmethylxanthine ibmx a nonselective phosphodiesterase pde inhibitor under these conditions camp synthesis and melanin production were upregulated in pigmented melanocytes and nonmetastatic melanoma cells hypergravity also stimulated cgmp transport in the presence of microm trequinsin an inhibitor of cgmpbinding pde pde and of transport by multidrug resistance proteins mrp whereas microm trequinsin partially inhibited cgmp transport transport was further inhibited by probenecid an inhibitor of endogenous nonselective transporters as well as of mrp and by cycloheximide as an inhibitor of de novo protein synthesis in contrast hypergravity did not affect cgmp efflux in M1 melanoma cells which might be related to an upregulated cgmp efflux at g the results of the present study indicate that HG may stimulate cgmp efflux in MC and in nonmetastatic melanoma cells most probably by an enhanced expression of endogenous transporters andor mrp thus an altered acceleration vector may induce signaling events in melanocytic cells | MEDAL |
although improvement in longterm health is no longer an indication for menopausal hormone therapy evidence supporting fewer adverse events in younger women combined with its high overall effectiveness has reinforced its usefulness for ST treatment of menopausal symptoms menopausal therapy has been provided not only by commercially available products but also by compounding or creation of an individualized preparation in response to a health care providers prescription to create a medication tailored to the specialized needs of an individual patient the WHI findings coupled with an increase in the DTC marketing and media promotion of compounded bioidentical hormonal preparations as safe and effective alternatives to conventional menopausal hormone therapy have led to a recent increase in the popularity of compounded bioidentical hormones as well as an increase in questions about the use of these S9 not only is evidence lacking to support superiority claims of compounded bioidentical hormones over conventional menopausal hormone therapy but these claims also pose the additional risks of VL purity and potency and lack tau and safety data the committee on gynecologic practice of the american college of obstetricians and gynecologists and the practice EC of the american society for reproductive medicine provide an overview of the major issues of concern surrounding compounded bioidentical menopausal hormone therapy and provide recommendations for patient counseling | MEDAL |
the genetic control of CPS cps to tetrachlorosalicylanilide tcsa was studied in h and ighcongenic mice the h complex was found to play a L1 role in determining the pattern of responsiveness whereas the effect of the igh locus on the response was not apparent the hk haplotype was closely associated with low NR whereas mice with the hbd alleles were high responders the responsiveness of the hk strains was converted from low to high levels by treatment with cyclophosphamide cy before photosensitization transfer of spleen cells from photosensitized hk mice showed a suppressive effect on the development of the cps reaction of syngeneic recipients pretreated with cy these SP cells contained antigenspecific cd cd suppressor t cells ts that functioned in the induction phase of cps the in vitro proliferation of immune CL node TA pulsed with photohaptencoupled cells plus peritoneal adherent cells was suppressed by the addition of antiia monoclonal antibody in both hd and hk strains suggesting that the ia molecule are responsible for inducing the positive immune response on the other hand such proliferation was significantly enhanced by the additioaoxidation of palmitate c and cerotate c in IN human skin fibroblasts the oxidation of both fatty acids was found to be inhibited by rotenone plus antimycin and cyanide respectively although to a different extent when chlorophenylpentyloxiranecarboxylate poca was used to specifically block carnitine palmitoyltransferase i it was found that palmitate betaoxidation was inhibited almost completely whereas cerotate betaoxidation was not affected since carnitine palmitoyltransferase is essential for the oxidation of fatty acids in mitochondria this result provides conclusive evidence that oxidation of verylongchain fatty acids is initiated in peroxisomes and not in mitochondria | MEDAL |
chlorzoxazone a centrally acting muscle relaxant was previously shown to be hydroxylated on carbon specifically by CYP2E1 accordingly this drug has been proposed as a potential noninvasive invivo probe for screening the hepatic p e activity this T0 was carried out to test the specificity of such a ATP when first experiments conducted by using human hepatocyte cultures showed that the chlorzoxazone hydroxylation activity increased T3 methylcholanthrene treatment of cells indeed the ability of both rat and human HCs to metabolize CZX significantly increased T3 treatments by methylcholanthrene alone or plus ethanol suggesting the involvement of p a enzymes in this oxidative reaction MZ results were obtained by invivo treatment of rats with four inducers of p a enzymes namely betanaphthoflavone ISF arochlor and methylcholanthrene furthermore the CZX hydroxylation activity was inhibited by both alphanaphthoflavone and dimethyl sulfoxide both known to inhibit p a and p e MICs respectively finally the use of yeasts genetically engineered for expression of human p a a c and a demonstrated that p a was significantly involved in this catalytic activity in conclusion these results taken together suggest that CZX should be used with precaution as invivo tool for evaluating p e however the relative km of p a and e for CZX and on the other hand the relative levels of these two enzymes in the human CL suggest that p e would generally be the L1 form metabolizing CZX invivo | MEDAL |
a case of possible kawasaki disease presenting with bilateral subdural collections is reported a monthold boy was admitted to hospital following a prolonged partial seizure he showed signs of worsening HIVE and was treated for presumed infective meningoencephalitis imaging revealed BL subdural collections pyrexia and irritability continued despite appropriate antibiotic and antiviral therapy suggesting a vasculitic process the mucocutaneous signs normally associated with kawasaki disease were subtle and fleeting in this infant there was a dramatic clinical response to intravenous immunoglobulin and high dose aspirin at year followup the boy has made a complete REC with no echocardiographic evidence of coronary i.a. aneurysm and resolution of subdural collections kawasaki disease or other vasculitides should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute subdural collections in infancy | MEDAL |
a recent genomewide study revealed an association between variation in the pnpla gene and liver fat content in addition the pnpla singlenucleotide polymorphism rs mi was reported to be associated with advanced ALD in alcoholdependent individuals of mestizo descent we therefore evaluated the impact of rs on the manifestation of ALD in two independent german cohorts TT and S2 frequencies of rs mi were determined in alcoholic patients with or without alcoholic liver injury and in atrisk drinkers from a populationbased cohort relative to alcoholic patients without liver damage n rs TT gg was strongly overrepresented in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis n or pgenotype à pallelic à and in alcoholic patients without cirrhosis but with elevated alanine aminotransferase C2 n or pgenotype pallelic the latter biochemically defined association was confirmed in an independent populationbased cohort of atrisk drinkers with a median alcohol NI of gweek or pgenotype pallelic and for aspartate aminotransferase ast levels frequencies of S2 pnpla rsg in individuals with steatosis and normal alanine aminotransferase alt and ast levels were lower than in alcoholics without steatosis and normal altast pcombined the population attributable risk of cirrhosis in alcoholic carriers of S2 pnpla rsg was estimated at | MEDAL |
this report concerns two male patients case and case years old with a left renal RT involving a level i renal vein tumor thrombus who underwent HAL radical nephrectomy using IOUS with the patient in the flank position a midline supraumbilical hand port and two other ports were placed IOUS identified the extent of the tumor thrombus T3 hilar control complete resection with IN removal was performed surgery lasted min for case and min for case with respective EBL of ml and ml no postoperative complications occurred pathological examination showed a CCC with a level i RT thrombus and negative surgical margins because the ultrasound probe can be easily inserted and the specimen can be extracted safely and intact HAL RN is practicable and effective for left renal cell carcinoma involving a level i renal vein tumor thrombus | MEDAL |
although continuous auscultation has been used during surgery as a monitor of cardiac CF for many years the effect of anesthetics on heart sounds has never been quantified we determined the root mean squared amplitude and frequency characteristics peak frequency spectral edge and SP ratios of the first s and second s heart sounds in HC during induction of anesthesia with HAL in all patients HAL decreased the amplitude of s r and s r and the highfrequency components hz of these sounds these changes were clearly audible and preceded decreases in heart rate and blood pressure the spectral edge decreased for s in patients r and for s in patients r peak frequency did not NC the rapidity with which myocardial depression and its associated changes in HR sound characteristics occurred confirms that continuous auscultation of heart sounds is a useful clinical tool for hemodynamic monitoring of anesthetized infants and children | MEDAL |
sepsis induces an early inflammatory cascade initiated by the innate immune response this often results in the OD of multisystem organ failure we examined the role of cd a costimulatory molecule that is integral in adaptive immunity by using a mu model of polymicrobial sepsis cd knockout ko mice had delayed death and improved survival after cecal ligation and puncture clp in addition they had less lung injury as manifested by reduced pulmonary capillary leakage the improvements in survival and remote organ dysfunction in cd ko mice were associated with reduced interleukin il and il C2 in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared to the C2 in wildtype wt controls furthermore in contrast to wt mice cd ko mice had no induction of the th cytokines il and gamma interferon in serum or lungs after clp the alterations in cytokine production in cd ko mice were associated with similar changes in transcription factor activity after clp cd ko mice had att activation of nuclear factor kappab and signal transducer and activator of transcription in both the lung and the CL finally wt mice had increased expression of cd on their alveolar macrophages these data highlight the importance of cd activation in the innate immune response during polymicrobial sepsis and the subsequent development of remote organ dysfunction | MEDAL |
gold nanoparticles au nps were functionalized by cysteine cys betaamyloid MMP cysabeta cysabeta abeta and a pentapeptide fragment leuprophepheaspoh lpffdoh optical absorption spectra of these systems were recorded and the plasmon resonance maximum values lambdamax of the uvvis spectra together with the transmission electron microscopy tem images were also analysed both tem images and the appearance of a new absorption band between approximately and nm in the visible spectra of the aucysteine and aulpffdoh systems most probably indicate that upon addition of these molecules to au npscontaining aqueous dispersions formation of aggregates is occurred the wavelength shift between the two observed absorption bands in cysteine and pentapeptidemodified au nps systems are deltalambda and nm respectively these results suggest that the monodisperse spherical gold nanoparticles were arranged to chained structure due to the effect of these molecules for confirmation of the IB of citrate and cysteine onto the plasmonic metal surface h nmr measurements were also performed h nmr results may suggest that the citrate layer on the metal surface is replaced by cysteine leading to a formation of organic double layer structure in the presence of betaamyloid peptides the aggregation was not observed especially in the aucysabeta and auabeta systems however compared to the cysteine or lpffdohcontaining gold dispersion with cysabeta measurable less aggregation were occurred the spectral parameters clearly suggest that abeta can attach or bind to the surface of gold NPs via both the apolar and the ndonors containing sidechains of amino acids and no aggregation in the colloidal gold dispersion was observed | MEDAL |
this tutorial review focuses on some recent aspects in the OD of synthetic receptors for selective sulfate anion recognition and separation with a special emphasis to i receptors for selective recognition of sulfate in organic and aqueous media and ii receptors for separation of sulfate from water via liquidliquid extraction and crystallization | MEDAL |
the caesarean section rate in consecutive years was decreased from to of total public deliveries p on retrospective analysis the emergency caesarean section rate decreased from to p and ECS rate from to p in consecutive years interventions which have accounted for the decrease were fold firstly vaginal birth after caesarean delivery was encouraged secondly the AS management of labour and thirdly extensive regular peer review were introduced as unit policy the decrease in the caesarean section rate was not achieved at the expense of the fetus as judged by perinatal mortality rates and minute apgar scores of less than | MEDAL |
the emergency care system in bulgaria is evolving as a hybrid of the former sovietstyle health service and westernstyle emergency medicine bulgaria like other eastern bloc communist nations has undergone a sweeping SES transformation during the past years these changes have had profound consequences including the OD of emergency services and the recognition of emergency medicine as a specialty in bulgaria | MEDAL |
the mechanisms of resistance or decreased susceptibility to cefepime fep andor imipenem imp in three consecutive isolates of enterobacter aerogenes ea ea and ea cultured from bronchial aspirates of the same patient after treatment with ceftriaxone and fep were studied ID was performed with the vitek system all three isolates showed identical pulsedfield gel PACE patterns and were resistant MIC concentrations mics to cefoxitin mic mgl cefotaxime ctx mic mgl and ceftazidime caz mic mgl but susceptible to meropenem mic or mgl according to the national EC for clinical laboratory standards nccls mics of fep were mgl ea mgl ea and mgl ea whereas mics of imp were or mgl ea and ea and mgl ea clavulanic acid clv did not affect the mics of ctx and fep in contrast the mics of ctx were reduced times by brl brl or cloxacillin clx whereas the mics of fep were reduced times by brl and times by clx production of extendedspectrum betalactamases esbls was ND using the disk diffusion method nccls or etest ctxctxclv and cazcazclv tem or shvtype esbl genes were ND by polymerase chain reaction amplification the three isolates showed the same pattern of five betalactamases isoelectric points inhibited by clx but not by clv by isoelectric focusing of crude extracts hydrolysis nmolmg of cefaloridine cf was ea ea and ea suggesting that ampc is hyperproduced hydrolysis of fep was much lower than that of cf ea ea and ea the nucleotide sequences of the amprampc genes of ea and ea were MZ to that of e aerogenes CS deposited in genbank accession no for ea however a point mutation in position of ampc caused a change of valglu three outer membrane proteins omps of kda kda and kda were observed in the three isolates by sodium dodecylsulphatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis sdspage PAGE with m urea although expression of the kda omp was reduced in ea in conclusion decreased susceptibility to fep and imp in ea is related to reduced expression of a kda omp and hyperproduction of ampc whereas resistance to fep in ea is associated with hyperproduction of an altered ampc | MEDAL |
medullary thyroid cancer mtcrelated diarrhea can be debilitating reduces SQ of life qol and may be the only indication for initiating SVR therapy conventional antidiarrheal drugs are not always helpful and may have side effects calcium aluminosilicate antidiarrheal casad a natural calcium montmorrilonite clay safely adsorbs toxins and inflammatory proteins associated with diarrhea it was hypothesized that casad would reduce the severity of diarrhea and improve qol in mtc patients | MEDAL |
this T0 aimed at investigating the effect of the partial erasing of denoptix system storage phosphor plates on the image SQ of digital radiographs standardized digital radiographs were acquired of a phantom mandible using size intraoral denoptix SP plates n subsequently the active areas of the plates were placed in a viewing box with a constant CS intensity of lux for seconds to achieve complete erasing control SP as well as for and seconds to compose the EG of partially erased plates the same exposure settings were repeated using the control and experimental plates which were scanned at a resolution of dpi five radiologists independently examined the pairs of digital radiographs obtained with the control and partially erased plates in random order and indicated the best image for oral diagnosis cochranmantelhaenszels chisquare test at a significance level of was used to compare the percentages of superior SQ images in each combination of control and partially erased plates subjectively assessed no significant differences were found between radiographic images acquired with control and partially erased plates except for the combination of second versus seconds p it can be concluded that under adequate CS intensity conditions erasing intraoral denoptix storage phosphor plates may require time intervals of as little as seconds | MEDAL |
dna synthesis and state of the nucleolar apparatus in myocardial cells of newborn albino rats receiving intraperitoneal injection of sedatin a synthetic dermorphin analogue were studied by means of autoradiography and silver impregnation labeling intensity significantly increased while the number of nucleoli in nuclei decreased chemiluminescence T0 showed that the concentration of ROS metabolites significantly decreased in the myocardium of treated animals T3 sedatin administration nonarginine analogue of sedatin had little effect on tissue homeostasis in the myocardium | MEDAL |
a marked diuresis has been observed following resuscitation of hypotensive hemorrhaged animals with small volume hypertonic salinedextran hsd nacl dextran we tested the hypothesis that high arginine vasopressin avp C2 associated with severe hemorrhage may exacerbate the diuretic effect of hsd infusion in euvolemic sheep following avp infusion a significant bradycardia of baseline and decreased cardiac output of baseline was observed p or urine output increased during avp infusion ml min compared to control group ml min p or with hsd volume expansion urine flow in the avp group was initially times greater than the control group ml min vs ml min p or high serum levels of avp pgml may contribute to the diuresis seen with hsd resuscitation and possibly contribute to the bradycardia observed with severe hemorrhage | MEDAL |
signal transducer and activator of transcription stat is a transcription factor that plays a major role in the development of resistance to conventional anticancer drugs in many types of CA when constitutively G1 inhibition of stat is considered as a promising strategy for inhibition of tumor growth and overcoming the drug resistance manifested in this study the capability of stat knockdown by lipid substituted low molecular weight kda polyethyleneimine pei complexes of statsirna was assessed the efficiency of peistatsirna polyplexes in the induction of stat associated cell death in wild type and drugresistant mdamb BCCs as monotherapy and upon combination with chemotherapeutic agents doxorubicin and paclitaxel was also investigated our results identified linoleic acidsubstituted peila polymer as the most efficient carrier among different lipid substituted pei for sirna delivery leading to most stat associated loss of cell viability in mdamb cells statsirna delivery by the peila polymer resulted in efficient downregulation of stat at both mrna and protein levels furthermore i.c.v. of CA cells with statsirna formulation increased the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin and paclitaxel in both wild type and drug resistant mdamb cells the results of this T0 point to the potential of peila polyplexes of statsirna as inhibitors of stat expression in breast RT cells the results also demonstrate an improved efficacy for chemotherapeutic drugs in combination with lipidsubstituted low molecular weight peilastatsirna complexes in comparison to drug therapy CT | MEDAL |
we developed a hemolytic radial immunodiffusion CA for identifying immunoglobulin ig isotypes allotypes and idiotypes by using gels containing erythrocytes coated with antiig antibody or erythrocytes coated with staphylococcal protein a these indicator cells lysed specifically when treated sequentially with ig antigen the AGA antiig antiserum developer and complement to identify these ig subpopulations we used monospecific indicator cells eg erythrocytes coated with antibody specific for an ig isotype and developers with broader specificities multispecific eg antiserum to fab alternatively we used multispecific indicator cells eg erythrocytes coated with antibody to fab and monospecific developers eg antiserum to ig idiotype to identify ig subpopulations specifically either the indicator cells or the developer need to be monospecific when both the indicator cells and the developer were monospecific eg to allotype and to isotype the specificity was determined by both reagents and ultimately restricted by the reagent with the narrower specificity that is reacting with the smallest ig subpopulation this sensitive hemolytic CA may be used to quantitate subpopulations of ig molecules and may be modified into a reverse plaque forming cell CA to count lymphocytes secreting a given ig class type allotype and idiotype | MEDAL |
in summary our findings revealed the existence in primates of a dopaminergic pallidal projection that arises from SN of the substantia nigraventral tegmental area complex and terminates preferentially in the internal pallidum this projection is largely distinct from the NS DA pathway and appears to be relatively spared in PD monkeys thus in addition to their potent influence at striatal C2 the midbrain DA neurons may directly modulate the activity of BG output neurons at pallidal levels | MEDAL |
to further investigate the mechanisms of action of icariin ica we assessed the effects of ica on the in vitro formation of cgmp and camp in isolated rb corpus cavernosum isolated segments of rabbit corpus cavernosum were exposed to increasing concentrations of ica and the dosedependent accumulation of cgmp and camp was determined in the tissues samples by means of i radioimmunoassay responses of the isolated tissues S9 to ica were compared with those obtained with the REF compounds sildenafil sild furthermore the effects of ica on the mrna expression of specific cgmpbinding phosphodiesterase type v pde in rat penis were also observed after incubation with ica for h or h respectively the C2 of pde mrna were examined by reverse transcriptase PCR reaction rtpcr the results showed that ica increased cgmp concentrations directly p but there was no significant effect on camp concentrations p in the presence of sodium nitroprusside snp a stimulatory agent of cgmp both ica and sild increased cgmp concentrations with increasing dose p their ec was ica and sild micromoll respectively under the same condition ica and sild unaltered camp level significantly p there were pdea and pdea mrna expressions in rat CC with pdea being the dominant isoform ica could obviously inhibit these two isoforms mrna expression in rat penis and decrease pdea more pronouncedly p the present T0 indicated that the aphrodisiac mechanisms of icariin involved the nocgmp ST pathway with increasing cgmp levels in the CC smooth muscle the inhibitory effect of icariin on pde mrna expression especially on pdea might account for its molecular mechanisms for its LT activity | MEDAL |
the laryngeal mask airway is an alternative to endotracheal intubation that achieves control of the airway by creating a seal around the larynx with an inflatable cuff this T0 compared use of the LM airway with ET intubation in anesthetized western lowland gorillas gorilla gorilla gorilla eight AD gorillas were immobilized for routine and diagnostic purposes for a total of nine anesthetic events during each anesthetic event gorillas were either intubated n group a or fitted with a laryngeal mask airway n group b time required to place each airway device physiologic parameters and ABG were measured and compared between the two CG there were no significant differences between the two groups for time required to place airway device heart rate hemoglobin oxygen saturation ET carbon dioxide arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide or pHa between the two groups mean arterial partial pressure of oxygen was significantly greater in group b group a mm hg group b mm hg p and group a mm hg group b mm hg p min T3 airway device placement mean respiratory rate was significantly greater in group a at multiple time points mean arterial pressure group a mm hg group b mm hg and diastolic blood pressure group a mm hg group b mm hg were significantly greater in group a at the time of airway device placement the laryngeal mask airway maintained oxygenation and ventilation effectively in all gorillas and is a useful alternative to ET intubation in western lowland gorillas | MEDAL |
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd is a highly prevalent chronic inflammatory lung disease with limited existing therapeutic options while modulation of peroxisome proliferatoractivating receptor pparγ activity can modify inflammatory responses in several models of lung injury the relevance of the pparg pathway in copd pathogenesis has not been previously explored mice lacking pparg specifically in airway epithelial cells displayed increased susceptibility to chronic cigarette smoke csinduced emphysema with excessive macrophage accumulation associated with increased expression of chemokines ccl cxcl and cxcl conversely treatment of mice with a pharmacological pparγ activator attenuated cxcl and cxcl expression and macrophage accumulation in response to cs in vitro cs increased lung epithelial cell chemokine expression in a pparγ activationdependent fashion the ability of pparγ to regulate csinduced chemokine expression in vitro was not specifically associated with peroxisome proliferator response element ppremediated transactivation activity but was correlated with pparγmediated transrepression of nfκb activity pharmacological or genetic activation of pparγ activity abrogated csdependent induction of nfκb activity regulation of nfκb activity involved direct pparγnfκb interaction and pparγmediated effects on ikk activation iκbα degradation and nuclear translocation of p our data indicate that pparg represents a diseaserelevant pathophysiological and pharmacological target in copd its activation state likely contributes to nfκbdependent csinduced chemokinemediated regulation of inflammatory cell accumulation | MEDAL |
small SN in a sexually dimorphic nucleus of the zebra finch the robust nucleus of the archistriatum ra were immunoreactive for GABA acid gaba this dimorphism arose from the sex differences in the OD of the ra SN we examined whether SN with gabalike immunoreactivity gabali undergo cular coagulation was found bone marrow examination demonstrated erythroblasts including abnormal types of nucleus myeloblasts neutrophils monocytes lymphocytes and reticulocytes chromosomal examination showed of bone marrow cells were variously abnormal a diagnosis of erythroleukemia with L1 karyotype aberrations maka was made the patient died days after admission histologically CBF hemorrhagic lesions showed CR necrosis but neither invasion of leukemic cells nor AA we suspected that the cause of cerebral hemorrhage was severe loss of platelets this is a rare case of EL found T3 multiple cerebral hemorrhage as a cause of CH in an old man without hypertension one should consider not only CBF AA but also one | MEDAL |
isolated systolic hypertension ish is an important risk factor for cardiovascular events myocardial infarction and stroke and premature mortality particularly in the elderly population among this population it is an even better predictor of morbidity and mortality than diastolic blood pressure bp this cooperative survey was promoted by the world hypertension league associação portuguesa de hipertensão instituto nacional de cardiologia preventiva sociedade portuguesa de cardiologia sociedade portuguesa de geriatria sociedade portuguesa de medicina intema and direcção geral de saúde with the collaboration of servier portugal | MEDAL |
intravenous immunoglobulin ivig products are derived from pooled human plasma and have been used for the treatment of primary immunodeficiency disorders for more than years ivig products are also effective in the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders however the precise mechanisms of action is not known recent investigations suggest that ivig has a much broader ability to regulate cellular immunity including innate and adaptive components ivig is also a recently recognized modifier of complement activation and injury here we discuss these important advancements and how this knowledge applies to desensitization protocols and to the treatment of AMR | MEDAL |
treatment of crude stimulatory gtpbinding protein of aca gs from turkey erythrocyte membranes with hydroxylamine results in twofold enhancement of aca activity following reconstitution with adenylyl cyclase type v expressed in Sf9 sf cells enhancement by hydroxylamine of immunoaffinity purified gs was still fold while that of gs purified according to the multiplestep procedure by northup j k sternweis p c smigel m d schleifer l s ross e m gilman a g proc natl acad sci usa was close to unity the alphasubunit of the Gs expressed in escherichia coli ralphas likewise failed to show an effect by hydroxylamine surprisingly guanosine othiotriphosphate gtpsliganded ralphas treated with palmitoylcoa for h at degrees c resulted in sixfold enhancement of reconstitutive activity in contrast that of the gdpliganded ralphasbetagamma heterotrimer was not improved by palmitoylation and consecutive activation with gtps although incorporation of hpalmitate into momomer and heterotrimer was MZ while adenylyl cyclase typev activity reconstituted by ralphas x gtps was not influenced by betagammasubunits that G1 by palmitoylated ralphas x gtps was considerably inhibited suggesting a higher affinity of palmitoylated ralphas for betagammasubunits on treatment of either form with the proteinase lysc less than of the label was found in a stable mr fragment with intact c terminus but lacking the nterminal portion absence of the latter did not affect activation by ralphas but caused a loss of extraactivation by palmitoylated ralphas the results also indicate that nonenzymatic much in the same way as physiological enzymatic palmitoylation of alphas occurs predominantly on cys | MEDAL |
the purpose of this investigation was to examine the effect of CAPE cape in renal ischemiareperfusion injury in rats anesthetized with isoflurane iso | MEDAL |
to review and summarise the prevalence of chronic back pain cbp chronic low back pain clbp and chronic musculoskeletal pain cmskp in people with spinal cord injury sci and evaluate how pain is assessed | MEDAL |
this retrospective study analyzes the midterm results of patients who underwent diskectomy following a diagnosis of cauda equina syndrome due to prolapsed intervertebral lumbar disks mean followup years and months postoperatively of patients had CR urinary function recovery within the followup period patients had a persistent SI and patient incontinent years postoperatively required catheterization thirteen of patients had recovery of motor deficits of of sensory deficits and of patients regained perianal sensation there was no statistically significant difference concerning the time between onset of symptoms and surgical decompression and subsequent outcome CR DUE must include imaging and urodynamic investigations after an accurate diagnosis and adequate operative treatment postoperative results of CES appear satisfactory | MEDAL |
juvenile mortality is a key factor influencing population growth rate in densityindependent predationfree wellmanaged captive populations currently at least a quarter of all asian elephants live in captivity but both the wild and captive populations are unsustainable with the present fertility and calf mortality rates despite the need for detailed data on calf mortality to manage effectively populations and to minimize the need for capture from the wild very little is known of the causes and correlates of calf mortality in asian elephants here we use the worlds largest multigenerational demographic dataset on a semicaptive population of asian elephants compiled from timber camps in myanmar to investigate the survival of calves n to age five born to captiveborn mothers n between and mortality risk varied significantly across different ages and was higher for males at any age maternal reproductive history was associated with C1 differences in both stillbirth and liveborn mortality risk firsttime mothers had a higher risk of calf loss as did mothers producing another calf soon years after a previous birth and when giving birth at older age stillbirth and preweaning mortality were considerably lower than those reported for zoo elephants and used in published population viability analyses a large proportion of deaths were caused by accidents and lack of maternal milkcalf weakness which both might be partly preventable by supplementary FF of mothers and calves and work reduction of highrisk mothers our results on myanmar timber elephants with an extensive keeping system provide an important comparison to compromised survivorship reported in zoo elephants they have implications for improving captive working elephant management systems in range countries and for refining population viability analyses with realistic parameter values in order to predict future population size of the asian elephant | MEDAL |
LT CAPD capd often causes peritoneal fibrosis and sclerosis with a loss of CF and some capd patients develop sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis glucosebased peritoneal dialysis fluids readily produce glucose degradation products by heat sterilization and gl Kd products accelerate the formation of AGEs age in the peritoneal cavity the accumulation of age is observed in peritoneal mesothelial and submesothelial layers in capd patients accompanied by enhanced expression of various growth factors and peritoneal thickening the expression of transforming growth factorbeta tgfbeta macrophagecolony stimulating factor and V1 endothelial growth factor vegf is distributed in the peritoneum similarly to that of age in capd patients with low UF uf capacity peritoneal membrane is thickened owing to an increase in the number of cells such as fibroblasts and macrophages and collagen in the submesothelial layer age is detected in the fibroblasts and macrophages as well as degenerated collagen these cells in the submucosal layer are almost positive for the receptor for age rage and uptake age the intensity of age accumulation and the expression of growth AF are associated with the severity of uf impairment in fact the accumulation of age and the expression of growth factors are recognized most markedly in the peritoneum of capd patients with low uf and sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis in conclusion longtime capd with heatsterilized peritoneal DF promotes age accumulation in the peritoneal membrane and alteration in peritoneal cell CF and dialysis SQ followed by PS and finally SEP | MEDAL |
the achilles tendon of the patient with charcots foot neuroarthropathy has significantly altered physical properties compared with a normal tendon twentynine achilles tendons from patients with charcots foot n and noncharcots foot controls n were loaded onto a biomechanical testing instrument the biomechanical properties of the charcot and control tendons were determined and the tendons were evaluated for differences in UTS and elasticity youngs modulus biomechanical test data show that there is a significant difference in ultimate tensile strength and elasticity between tendons of patients with charcots foot and those of noncharcots controls the term diabetic tendo achillis equinus is introduced as a new finding in diabetic neuroarthropathy | MEDAL |
increased IAP iap and abdominal compartment syndrome acs are diseases which are often underestimated with respect to incidence and prognosis especially in critically ill patients the clinical gold standard for the determination of iap is the UB measurement technique for assessment of hepatosplanchnic perfusion the indocyanine green plasma disappearance rate icgpdr has recently become a clinically attractive method in this investigation a decrease in splanchnic perfusion caused by increased iap was observed in critically ill patients with abdominal focused sepsis or postoperative SIRS sirs it was found that the reduction of icgpdr as a measure of splanchnic blood flow correlated with the increase of iap ie increased iap is associated with lower icgpdr furthermore the data suggest that a relevant decrease of splanchnic blood flow may appear even during lower iap than previously assumed | MEDAL |
MB is the commonest primary CNS system malignancy in childhood but is rare in adults rarer still is metastasis of such a tumour to a lymph node this report describes such a case and briefly discusses relevant pathophysiology and epidemiology | MEDAL |
the characteristics of the reflex response evoked in the SOL after stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve at the ankle were contrasted with the achilleus tendon reflex in healthy volunteers and in a group of selected neurological patients the following features were examined conditions of stimulation including stimulation frequency appearance of reflex activity in muscles other than soleus effect of the vibratory stimulation interactions with voluntary contraction moreover a reflex response is described in the soleus following stimulation of the sural nerve the results have shown a marked jitter in latencies of the responses a DP of coactivation of antagonistic muscles a clear increase of amplitude under vibration or voluntary contraction normal responses both in spasticity and in s radiculopathy with achilleus areflexia all these data differ from those observed with the tendon jerk of the same amplitude and differentiate the two responses it is concluded that the reflex evoked by stimulation of the tibial nerve at the ankle is a polysynaptic response of cutaneous origin | MEDAL |
the review is devoted to the description of the current state of PCS and chemical methods used for studying the structural and functional bases of living processes special attention is focused on the PCS methods that have opened a new page in the research of the structure of biological macromolecules they include primarily the methods of detecting and manipulating single molecules using optical and magnetic traps new PCS methods such as 2DE infrared spectroscopy fluorescence rho spectroscopy and magnetic resonance microscopy are also analyzed briefly in the review the path that physics and biology have passed for the latest years shows that there is no single method providing all necessary information on macromolecules and their interactions each method provides its spacetime view of the system all PCS methods are cDNA it is just complementarity that is the fundamental idea justifying the existence in practice of all physical methods whose description is the aim of the review | MEDAL |
a case of druginduced immune hemolytic anemia during IFN alphaifn therapy for renal cell carcinoma is reported a yearold woman was admitted to tochigi CA center for the treatment of left renal cell carcinoma she underwent left RN from th post operative day alphaifn x iu was administered every other day diclofenac and indomethacin were po for pain and high fever induced by alphaifn hemoglobinuria was first noted on th post operative day immune HA was suspected by blood examinations including coombs test SS haptoglobin SS ldh and serum got alphaifn therapy and administration of diclofenac and indomethacin were discontinued and prednisolone therapy mg daily was begun hemoglobinuria disappeared by days and laboratory data became in normal range by weeks druginduced IHA was diagnosed by the process of laboratory data especially of direct coombs test though druginduced IHA is a rare adverse side effect during alphainf therapy for renal cell carcinoma it seemed an important complication | MEDAL |
human colon adenocarcinoma cell line ht are able to proliferate in a defined SFM containing no added growth AF in such conditions their doubling time is to days on serumcoated dishes or to days on an autologous EM compared with day in the presence of fetal CS in the presence of suramin a polyanion disrupting the binding of growth factors to their receptors the incorporation of hthymidine in SF cultures is reduced of control after days of SC suggesting involvement of autocrine growth AF in the autonomous proliferation of the cells the expression of the proliferationrelated oncogene cmyc was examined during various stages of growth and differentiation of the ht cells the cellular contents of cmyc mrna were similar in all exp conditions studied exponential phase stationary phase nondifferentiated as well as differentiated cells by gl ED and also in SF medium containing or not suramin an approximately fold increase in the level of cmyc mrna was observed in cells cultured for days in suramincontaining medium and then incubated during h in the absence of suramin with or without fetal calf serum southern blot analysis of the genomic dna of ht cells did not reveal any rearrangement within the region containing the cmyc gene and the flanking sequences approximately five kilobases UP and approximately three kilobases downstream the cmyc locus was weakly amplified four to six copies per cell these results indicate that the cmyc gene expression in ht cells is deregulated and does not require growth factor stimulation the deregulation of the cmyc gene may be related to the reduced growth factor requirement of the ht cell line | MEDAL |
thymic t cell development is dependent on a specialized epithelial microenvironment mainly composed of cortical and medullary thymic epithelial cells tecs the molecular programs governing the differentiation anhypofluorescence caused by blockage that allowed observation of Az of partial choroidal circulation the histopathology of the enucleated RA eye showed diffuse choriocapillaris edema and inflammation of the choroids focal Az of PH of the retinal PE rpe as well as foci of epithelioid cells located between the choroid and the rpe furthermore LI of the episcleral veins and retinal detachment were present the hyperfluorescence observed on fa was correlated to retinal detachment and optic nerve inflammation the hypofluorescence noted on fa and icga corresponded to the presence of blocking inflammatory cells dalenfuchslike nodules and to diffuse choriocapillaris edema | MEDAL |
the contrasttonoise ratio known from the theory of imaging methods is applied to magnetic resonance imaging this ratio is proportional to the product of relative image contrast and the signaltonoise ratio T3 predetermining all intrinsic t and t times proton density and extrinsic pulse sequence layer thickness number of averagings parameters the SNR and contrasttonoise ratio can be computed to a proportionality constant for all possible PP sequences studies in six voluntary test subjects and patients with a tunit showed that the measured values for the signaltonoise ratio and the contrasttonoise ratio are in good agreement with the computed values the contrast between gray and WG brain matter was used as an example for this the method is applied in order to gain a better understanding of tissue contrast however by using diagrams it can be particularly useful for determining the optimal PP sequences for answering particular clinical questions it should thus be possible to enhance the effectiveness of magnetic resonance imaging considerably | MEDAL |
in this study we described a CS of changes of the electromyographic emg and depression of the soleus sol hreflex that precede and follow the onset of ballistic head rotation in freely standing human subjects during head rotation a CS of emg changes occurred simultaneously in sol and in biceps femoris muscle bf specifically changes to sol emg included deactivations emg silent period and hreflex depression coincident with bf excitation thus in the case of ballistic head movement control commands for anticipatory postural adjustment appear to excite bf and inhibit sol in a similar way to that previously described for the onset of arm movement | MEDAL |
we report a novel synthesis of nanoparticle pdcu catalysts containing only trace amounts of pd for selective hydrogenation reactions pdcu nanoparticles were designed based on MM single atom alloy saa surfaces in which individual isolated pd atoms act as CS for hydrogen uptake dissociation and spillover onto the surrounding cu surface pdcu NPs were prepared by addition of trace amounts of pd atomic at to cu NPs supported on alo by galvanic replacement gr the catalytic performance of the resulting materials for the partial hydrogenation of phenylacetylene was investigated at ambient temperature in a batch reactor under a head pressure of hydrogen bar the bimetallic pdcu NPs have over an order of magnitude higher activity for phenylacetylene hydrogenation when compared to their monometallic cu counterpart while maintaining a high selectivity to styrene over many hours at high conversion greater than selectivity to styrene is observed at all times which is a marked improvement when compared to monometallic pd catalysts with the same pd loading at the same total conversion xray photoelectron spectroscopy and uvvisible spectroscopy measurements confirm the CR uptake and alloying of pd with cu by gr scanning tunneling microscopy and thermal desorption spectroscopy of model saa surfaces confirmed the feasibility of hydrogen spillover onto an otherwise inert cu surface these model studies addressed a wide range of pd concentrations related to the bimetallic nanoparticles | MEDAL |
we sought to find evidence for generalizability of a game and team oriented educational intervention in clinical neurophysiology in a neurology residency program a prospective educational MI was studied in a single neurology residency program and compared with a historical control seventeen pgy residents studied nhat decreased or increased the demand on specific muscle CG we concurrently measured the electromyographic activity of five leg muscles tibialis anterior soleus rectus femoris medial and lateral gastrocnemius at each speed and condition for this T0 we developed a dorsiflexor assist device that aids the dorsiflexor muscles a leg swing assist device applied forward pulling forces at the feet thus aiding the hip flexors during swing a third device applied a horizontal force near the center of mass which impedes or aids forward progression thus overloading or unloading the plantarflexor muscles we found that when demand was decreased in the muscles measured the pts significantly increased conversely when muscle demand was increased in the plantar flexors the pts decreased however combining assistive devices did not produce an even faster pts we conclude that altering the demand on TPS muscles can NC the preferred walkrun transition speed however the lack of a summation effect with multiple external devices suggests that another underlying factor ultimately determines the preferred walkrun transition speed | MEDAL |
studies on hybridization inheritance and population genetics of brown planthoppers that infest rice and weeds were undertaken using starch gel electrophoresis to determine whether the weedinfesting population represents a biological race or a species f and f generations were produced by crosses between parental insects from the two populations with little indication of hybrid sterility gpi mdh and idh loci were inherited in a simple mendelian fashion in families of two sympatric populations sixteen populations of nilaparvata spp from eight locations were collected the mdh idh pgm gpi pgd and acp loci were polymorphic the n lugens of rice with high esterase activity were clustered into a group and characterized by the presence of alleles gpi and gpi whereas n lugens from weeds with low esterase activity were clustered into another group and characterized by gpi and gpi there was a lack of heterozygotes between the common alleles of the two populations this means that the two CG of individuals belong to different gene pools | MEDAL |
we describe the morphology of the foregut of the spider crab maja brachydactyla balss from first larval stage to adult with detailed stagespecific documentation using CS and SEM microscopy a total of ossicles have been identified in the foregut of adults of m brachydactyla using alizarinred staining the morphological DP of the ossicles and gastric mill is very similar to other majoidea species with only a few variations the foregut of the zoeae stages appeared as a small and simple cavity with a cardiopyloric valve that separates the stomach into cardiac and pyloric regions the pyloric filter is present from the first zoea in contrast to the brachyuran species which have an D2 larval development calcified structures have been identified in the cardiopyloric valve and pyloric region of the zoeal stages the most significant changes in foregut morphology take place after the metamorphosis from zii to megalopa including the occurrence of the gastric mill in the megalopa stage the foregut ossicles are recognizable by their organization and general morphology but are different from the adult phase in shape and number moreover the gastric teeth show important differences the cusps of the lateral teeth are sharp no molariform the dorsal tooth have a small dentate cusp not a welldeveloped quadrangular cusp and the accessory teeth are composed of one sharp peak instead of four sharp peaks the gastric mill ontogeny from megalopa to AD reveals intermediate morphologies during the earlier juvenile stages the relationship between gastric mill structures with food preferences and their contribution to the brachyuran phylogeny are briefly discussed | MEDAL |
the effects of iga and igg isolated from normal human serum on neutrophil and monocyte migration were examined iga inhibited neutrophil CTX towards casein and neutrophil random migration in serumcontaining medium the doseresponse curve for the inhibition of the two forms of stimulated cell movement was similar suggesting that inhibition of both forms of movement may occur by a common mechanism it was concluded that the inhibition was mediated by polymeric and aggregated forms of iga but not by iga present in normal serum iga at concentrations which inhibited stimulated cell movement did not inhibit the phagocytosis of zymosan particles by neutrophils in contrast to iga aggregated igg did not inhibit PMNL CTX at concentrations which were markedly GABA to random migration in serumcontaining medium indicating a differential effect of iga and igg aggregates on cell migration | MEDAL |
coronary microvascular damage can occur in the presence of MI even if epicardial vessels are patent a phenomenon known as noreflow Es have favorable effects on coronary conductance and resistance arteries and may have therapeutic value in ICM syndromes myocardial contrast echocardiography mce is a promising method for evaluating microvascular damage in this study the authors hypothesized that acute intracoronary betaestradiol administration can reduce postischemic microvascular damage which is evaluated by mce in a porcine MM sixteen male pigs were randomized into groups the TG n received intracoronary estradiol in increasing doses and the control group n received intracoronary VH dimethylsulfoxide dmso microvascular damage was induced by balloon catheter occlusion followed by reperfusion of the left circumflex coronary i.a. lcx mce using levovist with HI was performed before and during minute balloon occlusion of the proximal lcx to determine perfusion areas of the LADA lad and lcx mce was performed immediately postocclusion and after each i.t. of estradiol and nmoll or dmso videodensitometry measurements were performed as a quantitative marker for myocardial microvascular damage videodensitometry results were expressed as PI ratios intracoronary estradiol induced a significant reduction in myocardial microvascular damage T3 ICM episode by videodensitometry measurements when compared to intracoronary dmso the authors conclude that intracoronary injection of estradiol reduces postischemic microvascular damage measured by mce in a porcine MM | MEDAL |
polycystic ovary syndrome pcos can be identified in the adolescent years but is a process with genetic and epigenetic origins intrauterine growth retardation and PA may precede the presentation of hyperandrogenism and oligoanovulation other causes of hyperandrogenism and ovulatory dysfunction must be ruled out before pcos is diagnosed obesity and insulin resistance often are associated features and greatly increase a girls risk of developing metabolic syndrome and type diabetes mellitus oral contraceptives MET antiandrogens and lifestyle modifications can have roles in alleviating the symptoms of pcos and are reviewed in this article | MEDAL |
the use of SA treatment services by Pr and nonpregnant women was compared to explore the effects of pregnancy on treatment utilization and outcomes treatment service records for Pr drug and alcoholdependent women and a matched comparison group of nonpregnant women were retrieved from the massachusetts bureau of substance abuse services management information system treatment services received by the two CG of women during a month period following an index detoxification were tabulated and compared treatment services for Pr women differed quantitatively and qualitatively from the services received by nonpregnant women over the month time period after controlling for BG characteristics and substance abuse history Pr women were times more likely to be readmitted to detoxification times more likely to enter residential facilities and times more likely to enter MTD programs for both CG the use of outpatient andor residential treatment services following discharge from detoxification significantly reduced the risk of subsequent detoxification admissions the increased likelihood of admission to detoxification residential and methadone services suggests that treatment programs have improved access to care for pregnant women multiple detoxification admissions suggest however that some pregnant women have difficulty entering SD REC given the brevity of the gestational period and the detrimental effects of drug and alcohol use on fetal outcomes the use of continuing treatment services for pregnant women is strongly recommended | MEDAL |
human cytomegalovirus cmv dna synthesis was studied in fluorouracil futreated and UT human embryonic lung cells which differ greatly with respect to the number of cells in the SC synthesizing cellular dna cmv dna synthesis proceeded at the same rate in futreated and in UT cells cmv infection also reversed the GABA effects of fu and activated cellular dna synthesis in some of the cells in the futreated culture autoradiographic studies showed that more than of the cells in the infected futreated SC synthesized viral dna when less than had synthesized cellular dna indicating that the synthesis of viral macromolecules proceeds in cells that do not synthesize cellular dna from the time of infection and that viral dna synthesis proceeds independently of the host cell dna synthesis combined autoradiographic and immunofluorescence studies of both the futreated and untreated infected cells showed that whereas of the cells in the cultures synthesize viral dna and viral antigens only about to of those cells that synthesize cellular dna also synthesize viral antigen thus productive infection was delayed or inhibited in those cells that were stimulated by cmv infection to synthesize cellular dna | MEDAL |
the potential of ABMT transplantation to improve the treatment results for patients with small cell lung cancer sclc may be limited by the presence of RT cells in the VG we constructed immunotoxins its involving monoclonal antibodies and pseudomonas exotoxin a and investigated the cytotoxicity of the its to h sclc cells in the presence and absence of normal human bone marrow bm cells the PE a conjugate with the moc antibody which recognizes an ncam antigen was inactive as tested in a reproducible soft agar assay conjugates involving the monoclonal antibodies moc nrlu and mluc killed about log tumor cells at microgramml and log at microgramml in the absence of bm cells the combination of the its was not superior to each it used individually however when h cells were admixed to nucleated bm cells at the ratio of log tumor cell kill was obtained at a concentration as low as microgramml of each it survival of normal bm progenitor cells was only moderately reduced by the it treatment even in experiments in which the its were used at microgramsml each freezing and thawing of the bm as required in a clinical setting reduced the colonyforming unit granulocytemacrophage and colonyforming unit granulocyteerythroidmacrophagemegakaryocyte by in both treated and untreated cultures we conclude that the use of a mixture of the its provides a safe rapid and ERP method for eradicating sclc cells from bm used for ABMT transplantation following highdose chemotherapy | MEDAL |
in the pediatric age group choroid plexus papillomas are most commonly located in the trigones and HB of the lateral ventricles this paper reports a yearold patient with choroid plexus papilloma of the temporal horn of the lateral IVT associated with transtentorial herniation | MEDAL |
exp were conducted to T0 the sensitivity of developing chicken embryos to various solvents used as vehicles and their effect on hatchability no significant differences on embryonic mortality were observed between the shaminjected control and corn oilinjected CG AC EG and ethanol mlegg significantly reduced the percentage hatchability and showed a high embryonic mortality during the first week of incubation levels of cottonseed oil ml and PG ml were well tolerated by the developing embryo but were slightly inferior to corn oil levels of ml of corn oil are suitable vehicles for fat soluble compounds in studies involving the i.t. of eggs higher C2 of solvent can be injected at later incubation periods the choice of the best solvent must be made depending upon solubility of test material amount of test material needed toxicity of the solvent at the appropriate C2 route of administration and stage of OD | MEDAL |
the effect of PEP PLB alone and in combination with coughing was investigated in eight patients with cystic fibrosis PET residual capacity and total lung capacity was measured with a body plethysmograph before during and immediately after PLB with expiratory pressure of and cm ho and T3 a coughing period the positive expiratory pressure breathing was carried out five times for two T2 with a two minute interval between each period mucus transport was measured in a IP lung region and over the whole lung by a radioactive aerosol tracer technique clearance measurements were carried out continuously during positive expiratory pressure PLB and during a control period two T2 PLB with an expiratory pressure of and cm ho caused an increase in mean sem FRC from to and and an increase in total lung capacity from to and lung volumes were higher during PLB with an expiratory pressure of cm ho than with cm ho both returned to baseline values immediately after positive expiratory pressure PLB spontaneous mucus clearance and mucus clearance by coughing were not influenced by PEP PLB at either expiratory pressure thus in patients with cystic fibrosis positive expiratory pressure breathing increases lung volumes in relation to the expiratory pressure imposed these changes in lung volume did not however lead to an improvement of mucus transport | MEDAL |
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