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cysteinyl leukotrienes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of adenotonsillar hypertrophy in children with obstructive sleep apnea osa this study aimed to quantify the expression of cysteinyl leukotriene receptors cyslt cyslt by tonsillar lymphocyte subpopulations from children with osa and to make comparisons to lymphocyte subpopulations from control subjects with recurrent tonsillitis rt | MEDAL |
the case histories of patients with cancer of the larynx presenting to the peter maccallum hospital the alfred hospital and the royal melbourne hospital in the tenyear period to have been reviewed to determine the results of primary irradiation treatment of tn and tn glottic CA the comparative results of primary irradiation plus salvage surgery as compared with primary radical surgery for tn glottic and supraglottic CA and the surgical morbidity of secondary salvage laryngectomy following irradiation as compared with that of primary total laryngectomy these findings are compared with those of a previous T0 of cancer of the larynx for the period to | MEDAL |
AD male syrian hamsters were given daily intraperitoneal i.v. of epinephrine mgkg and papaverine a vasodilator mgkg for a period of ten days T3 the treatment period lanthanum and horseradish peroxidase tracer studies were used to examine the IEL component of the bloodtestis barrier degenerating tubules often exhibited only sertoli cells and spermatogonia or sertoli cells alone sertoli cell processes in the degenerating tubules often arched out from the main cell body to make contact with other sertoli cell processes forming a series of vacuolelike spaces in the germinal epithelium adluminal to the sertolisertoli junctions at the site of contact between these arching sertoli cell processes one to eight tight junctions had formed with hexagonal arrays of sertoli cell cytoplasmic filaments located immediately adjacent to these junctions cisternae of the sertoli cell endoplasmic reticulum lay deep to the layer of cytoplasmic filaments it appeared that these junctions had originated T3 the expulsion of the germinal elements of the seminiferous epithelium penetration of the tracers in the degenerating ST was prevented by what appeared to be normal sertolisertoli junctions located between apposed sertoli cells adluminal to the remaining spermatogonia when these resisted degeneration or just adluminal to the BL in those tubules in which SPG were absent | MEDAL |
following thyroidectomy a patient with papillary thyroid carcinoma was found to have widespread radioiodineavid metastatic lesions and was treated with i when followup scanning was anticipated his hour UI was found to be μg because of the interim OD of moderate renal failure he was considered to be a candidate for preparation using recombinant human thyroidstimulating hormone rhtsh with continued administration of thyroid hormone to decrease the dilution effect of nonradioactive iodine levothyroxine was replaced with liothyronine with a resultant decrease in hour urinary iodine to less than μg followed by radioiodine imaging dosimetry and retreatment with i for persistent though improved disease the dilution of radioiodine with nonradioactive iodine from any source may degrade image quality and reduce the effectiveness of therapy the use of rhtsh has advantages in the evaluation and i treatment of differentiated TC there is evidence that this RPA results in a longer effective halftime of radioiodine in remnants improved bone marrow dosimetry and comparable remnant ablation tau as compared with hormone withdrawproposed the use of a new tool for the population studies based on the high resolution melting hrm analysis less expensive and faster than the classical methods for largescale studies we investigated the effectiveness of hrm to explore and characterize the diversity of wolbachia strains results obtained showed that hrm is a powerful tool to identify strains and detect polymorphism in singly infected hosts when individuals harboured a mixture of wolbachia strains multiple infections there is a risk of underestimation of the diversity if the proportions of the strains are highly different however the same limitations exist for the other techniques commonly used overall this study demonstrated that hrm analysis is a rapid and reliable technique useful for studying without a priori wolbachia strains diversity in field populations | MEDAL |
incorporation of plasma cpalmitate into the hippocampus was measured using quantitative autoradiography and a ratio method of analysis between min and days after min of bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries in awake gerbils one day after carotid occlusion relative palmitate incorporation was elevated by and respectively p less than in the ca pyramidal cell SL and DG of the hippocampus as compared with shamoperated animals at days significant elevations of this magnitude were found in the ca and ca cell layers and relative incorporation was reduced by in the ca pyramidal cell SL at days the only significant difference from control was a elevated incorporation in the ca pyramidal cell layer the results suggest that the turnover of palmitatecontaining lipids is retained in the ca pyramidal SL of the gerbil hippocampus for day and then reduced at days T3 min ischemia and that lipid synthesis is stimulated in HPC regions affected by but recovering from an ischemic insult ca ca dentate gyrus | MEDAL |
inhibitors of PLT activation alprazolam iloprost and sri were used to demonstrate the necessity of embryoderived plateletactivating factor paf activity for the establishment of pregnancy in mice in a splenectomized mouse bioassay micrograms alprazolam inhibited for h the thrombocytopenia induced by micrograms paf micrograms ILO and microgram sri were effective for and h respectively the administration of micrograms iloprost g body weight on days and of pregnancy and twice daily on days and caused a reduction p less than in the number of implantation sites in the uterus at day of pregnancy without affecting p greater than the number of corpora lutea a similar reduction in the number of implantation CS was achieved with micrograms sri g body weightday the reduction in implantation rate was evident on day of pregnancy by visualizing the implantation CS with pontamine sky blue sri had no effect on peripheral blood progesterone concentrations from day to day of pregnancy and did not appear to inhibit implantation by blocking the preimplantation surge of oestradiol the number and morphology of blastocysts flushed from the uterus of day inhibitortreated mice was not different p greater than from the controls the cleavage rate and morphology of embryos cultured from the cell to blastocyst stage in media containing sri or ILO microgramsml were normal precluding a gross toxic effect simultaneous administration of microgram pafacether to treated animals reestablished PRs to levels not significantly different p greater than from the controls | MEDAL |
pharmacologic doses of dehydroepiandrosterone dhea a steroid hormone produced naturally by the adrenal SC may lower plasma lipoprotein levels in humans and reduce the severity of experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits effects of dhea on cells of the V1 wall particularly endothelial cells ec which are in direct contact with the plasma have not been documented the authors have found that micromolar doses of dhea induce a consistent and reversible morphologic change in cultured ec derived from the human UV during hours of SE to dhea cultured ec became loaded with phasedense perinuclear cytoplasmic granules which persisted while dhea remained in the SC medium certain steroids related to dhea particularly ketosteroids also induced perinuclear cytoplasmic granules the granules lost their phasedensity after fixed monolayers were extracted using ethanol or methanol the granules did not form in media made with lipoproteindeficient serum suggesting that SS lipoproteins were involved in formation of the LG ultrastructurally the granules were identical to MLV lipid structures a type of pleomorphic lipidcontaining lysosome found in foam cells the LG were identified as lysosomes by positive reaction for acid phosphatase the mechanism by which dhea induces formation of lysosomal lipid structures remains to be determined | MEDAL |
the hypolipidaemic drugs methyl clofenapate br wy and procetofen induced a marked proliferation of peroxisomes in the parenchymal cells of CL and the proximalconvolutedtubular epithelium of mouse kidney the proliferation of peroxisomes was associated with fold increase in the peroxisomal palmitoylcoa oxidizing capacity of the mouse liver enhanced activity of the peroxisomal palmitoylcoa oxidation system was also found in the renalcortical homogenates of hypolipidaemicdrugtreated mice the activity of enoylcoa hydratase in the mouse CL increased fold and in the kidney cortex fold with hypolipidaemicdruginduced peroxisome proliferation in these tissues and over of this induced activity was found to be HL peroxisomal enzyme in both organs sodium dodecyl sulphatepolyacrylamidegelelectrophoretic analysis of largeparticle and microsomal fractions obtained from the CL and kidney SC of mice treated with hypolipidaemic peroxisome proliferators demonstrated a substantial increase in the quantity of an molwt peroxisomeproliferationassociated polypeptide polypontrol programs revealed that of the indochinese refugees who entered the united states in and approximately either had tuberculosis at the time of entry or developed it by the end of another were placed on preventive therapy the refugees comprised of the nationally counted cases during the twoyear period age and sexspecific incidence rates among indochinese refugees were to times higher than those for other persons in the united states for refugees who arrived in the incidence of tuberculosis during per was only one third the incidence during per for refugees who entered the united states in the incidence during was per bacteriologic confirmation of the diagnosis was reported for only of refugees compared with of other patients with tuberculosis in the united states suggesting overdiagnosis of tuberculosis among refugees however agespecific rates of bacteriologically positive tuberculosis were still to times higher for refugees than for the united states as a whole | MEDAL |
the intramitochondrial location of putative type ii nadph dehydrogenases nds in arabidopsis was investigated by measuring the ability of isolated mitochondria to take up F0 proteins generated from cdnas using an in vitro translation system the mature proteins of nda nda and ndc were judged to be located on the inside of the inner membrane because they were protected from protease added after the mitochondrial outer membrane had been ruptured in contrast ndb ndb and ndb were not protected from protease digestion in mitochondria with ruptured outer CM and were deemed to be located on the outside of the inner membrane expression of all nd genes was measured using quantitative reverse transcriptionpcr rtpcr to determine transcript abundance and compared with expression of alternative oxidase uncoupler proteins and selected components of the oxidative phosphorylation complexes nda and ndb were the most prominently expressed members in a variety of tissues and were upregulated in the early daytime in a diurnal manner analysis of array data suggested that nda clustered closest to the gene encoding the psubunit of glycine decarboxylase taken together with the diurnal regulation of nda observed here and in other studies this suggests that nda plays a role in integrating metabolic MICs of chloroplasts and mitochondria nda ndb and aoxa were upregulated in a coordinated manner under various treatments potentially forming a complete respiratory chain capable of oxidizing matrix and cytosolic nadph ndb and ndc were downregulated under the same conditions and may be regarded as housekeeping genes | MEDAL |
glucose metabolism slows with the aging process leading to diabetes mellitus and IGT in approximately of persons years and older a reduction in the biologic action of insulin at a point beyond the insulin receptor postbinding site is primarily responsible for the reduced rate of gl utilization the contributions made by the molecular events of aging and environmental factors such as changes in diet activity level angel PACE in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate and mercaptoethanol shows nuclear histones and vimentin ilactate dehydrogenase does not enter the polyacrylamide gel in the absence of mercaptoethanol importantly endogenous proteins are found in the residue in the presence of leupeptin the data suggest that sequestration of proteins into a nuclearintermediate filament fraction may precede lysosomal degradation iodinated sendai virus hn and f membrane glycoproteins in reconstituted sendai virus envelope rsve have been fused with growing htc cells hn and f are rapidly internalised within h to assume a perinuclear distribution before lysosomal Kd hn and f proteins are either extractable predominantly with triton x or are inextractable by the treatments described above nycodenz fractionation of htc cell homogenates T3 rsvecell F0 shows that hn and f sediment predominantly as a dense peak enriched in dna and free from the markers indicated above and a less dense peak EC in lysosomal marker enzymes hn and f proteins translocate from the dense to the less dense peak and are degraded lysosomally t av h leupeptin slows the translocation the detergentsalt inextractable residue is EC in nuclear histones and vimentin the data suggest that sendai viral membrane glycoproteins are sequestered into a nuclearintermediate filament fraction before lysosomal degradationabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
we report a case of recycling of left internal thoracic i.a. lita in situ in reoperation of coronary i.a. bypass grafting a yearold male who has poorcontrolled hypercholesterolemia was bypassed lita to the left anterior descending i.a. lad in minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass midcab manner at the other hospital four months later he felt short of breath on effort coronary angiogram showed stenoses of the LMT and anastomosis site of the lita at redo operation we skeletonised the lita and reused it in situ to the lad using the skeletonised method for reharvesting lita made the graft reach a more distal portion without tension he is doing well at months T3 surgery in selected patients recycling of the used arterial grafts can reserve other arterial grafts for redo operations in the future | MEDAL |
embryonic development in macaques includes extensive modification of the uterine vasculature by fetal trophoblast cells soon after the onset of blastocyst attachment to the endometrium syn trophoblast cells intrude between endometrial epithelial cells resulting in focal epithelium loss trophoblast cells continue to move into the endometrial stroma and encounter superficial uterine capillaries these capillaries are penetrated by trophoblast which permits maternal blood to leave the maternal circulation and enter lacunae formed within the mass of trophoblast cells cytotrophoblast cells enter the uterine vessels and attach to the endothelium via cell adhesion molecules prior to migration into confluent spiral arterioles against the flow of blood as intraarterial cytotrophoblast cells migrate they displace adjacent endothelium produce matrix MPs traverse the tunica intima and reside in the tunica media as intramural trophoblast intramural trophoblast cells disrupt the tunica media and become surrounded by an extensive extracellular matrix in Az proximal to the placenta the entire circumferences of spiral arteries are modified in this way in the same arteries distal to the placenta and farther UP tmmon diagnoses multivariate analysis identified cough and necrosis of lymph nodes on chest ct as independent predictors of tuberculosisnontuberculous mycobacterial disease africanamerican race PS for to days dyspnea and presence of airways disease on chest ct were independent predictors of bacterial pneumonia symptoms for days absence of cough and absence of pulmonary nodules on ct independently predicted lymphoma i.t. lymphadenopathy is a frequent chest ct finding in hivinfected patients opportunistic infections and lymphoma are the most common causes and specific clinical and radiographic features can suggest these particular diagnoses | MEDAL |
dosedependent changes in target tissue absorption have important implications for determining the most defensible RPA for developing a cancerbased oral toxicity factor for hexavalent chromium crvi for example mouse target tissue absorption per unit dose is an estimated fold lower at the crvi dose corresponding to the federal maximum contaminant level mcl than at the usepa draft oral Mw factor sfo point of d efficacy of bacille calmette guérin bcg vaccine against tuberculosis tb in adults is highly controversial even though the bcg vaccine has been available for more than years because bcg is ERP against infantile tuberculosis meningitis and miliary tuberculosis in young children and provides costeffective prevention from tuberculosis for developing countries it would be desirable to modify the existing bcg vaccine to provide more comprehensive protection in our study we constructed a novel rBCG CS expressing proapoptotic bax rbcgbax and demonstrated that it significantly induced the apoptosis of macrophages infected with rbcgbax both in vitro and in vivo in addition it significantly enhanced agbspecific ifnγ enzymelinked immunospot responses ifnγ secretion il secretion and the ratio of agbspecific iggbigg and it significantly decreased agbspecific il furthermore it presumably facilitated antigen presentation by inducing a significant upregulation in the expression of mhcii and b cd costimulatory molecules on macrophages in conclusion these results suggest that the rbcgbax strain elicited predominantly a th protective immune responses and might be a potential tuberculosis vaccine candidate for further T0 | MEDAL |
the validity of selfreport in ALC treatment research is controversial our recently completed veterans administration cooperative study evaluating the tau of disulfiram treatment for ALC provided an opportunity to assess the validity of selfreport to assess treatment response patients and household contacts were interviewed at seven scheduled points during the year of followup blood specimens also were obtained from the patients at these times and were analyzed for ethanol eightyeight percent of the patient andor collateral interviews were obtained at months and at year the mean number of blood and urine specimens collected per patient was and respectively outcome criteria included continuous abstinence during the year and total number of drinking days continuous abstinence if we had had only the patients self reports we would have significantly underestimated the percentage of men who drank by selfreport relapsed whereas the combination of self report collaterals reports and laboratory tests indicated that drank p less than using bayes theorem the conditional probability that a patient is continuously abstinent for year when he so claims is total drinking days of the patientcollateral pairs each of whom provided all seven scheduled interviews agreed on the total number of drinking days during the yearabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
the q deletion syndrome is a rare chromosomal disorder characterized by moderate to severe intellectual disability seizures and dysmorphic features we report a yearold boy with q deletion syndrome who carried a heterozygous deletion of the myocytespecific enhancer factor c mefc gene in addition to the typical neurodevelopmental features of q deletion syndrome he showed recurrent hypoglycemia appetite loss and HT hormonal loading tests using insulin Arg and growth hormonereleasing factor revealed that growth hormone was insufficiently released into serum in response to these stimuli thus disclosing the hypothalamic dysfunction in the present case to uncover the biological roles of mefc in the hypothalamus we studied its expression in the PN mouse BB notably NPY y npypositive interneurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nuclei highly expressed mefc in contrast the rett syndromeassociated protein methylcpg IB protein mecp was barely expressed in these SN mefc knockdown or overexpression experiments using neuroa cells revealed that mefc activated the endogenous transcription of npy conversely sirnamediated knockdown of mecp led to derepression of the npy gene these data support the concept that mefc and mecp share common molecular pathways regulating the homeostatic expression of npy in the AD hypothalamus we propose that individuals with q deletion syndrome may exhibit neuroendocrine phenotypes through the PET loss of mefc in the postnatal hypothalamus | MEDAL |
type ii noninsulindependent diabetes mellitus occurs worldwide though with great variations in prevalence rates the highest ratesabout are reported for the pima indians and for the population of the island nauru in the pacific the disease is to some extent inherited but the mode of inheritance is unknown recent studies of the length polymorphism of the insulin gene however suggest that it may be possible to find a genetic marker for the disease obesity is common among type ii diabetics and the occurrence of the type ii diabetes increases with age one possible explanation is that both obesity and T3 age are associated with a decrease in insulin sensitivity insulin resistance is a common finding in type ii diabetes it has been demonstrated with several methods including the euglycaemic insulin clamp technique the role of insulin receptor and postreceptor defects in the pathogenesis of this insulin resistance is currently being studied with great interest in addition to impairment of insulin sensitivity there is a reduction in glucosestimulated insulin secretion in individuals with type ii diabetes the primary defect of the disease however has yet to be established type ii diabetes may well be a heterogeneous disorder with several different aetiologies one argument for heterogeneity within the disease is the chlorpropamide alcohol flush reaction that can be demonstrated among about one third of type ii diabetics further investigations of the pathogenesis of the disease are needed and it is hoped that these will pave the way for the development of more TPS therapy and even prevention of the disease | MEDAL |
in the daily practice of family medicine injuries to the upper extremity are frequently encountered most of these injuries can by easily treated by the primary care physician who has an understanding of the joint anatomy and treatment principles some injuries however may appear relatively minor yet require prompt referral for surgical care we reviewed the pathoanatomy historical and physical examination findings and treatment of the more common injuries to the hand wrist elbow and shoulder | MEDAL |
an environmental source of cholera was hypothesized as early as the late nineteenth century by robert koch but not proven because of the ability of vibrio cholera the causative agent of cholera to enter a dormant phase between epidemics standard bacteriological procedures for isolation of the vibrios from the environmental samples including water between epidemics generally were unsuccessful vibrio cholera a marine vibrio requiring salt for growth enters into a dormant viable but nonculturable stage when conditions are unfavourable for growth and reproduction the association of v cholera with plankton notably copepods provides evidence for the environmental origin of cholera as well as an explanation for the sporadic and erratic nature of cholera epidemics thus the association of v cholera with plankton was established only recently allowing analysis of epidemic patterns of cholera especially in those countries where cholera is endemic the sporadic and erratic nature of cholera epidemics can now be related to climate and climate events such as el niño since zooplankton have been shown to harbour the bacterium and zooplankton blooms follow phytoplankton blooms remote sensing can be employed to determine the relationship of cases of cholera with chlorophyll as well as sea surface temperature sst ocean height and turbidity cholera occurs seasonally in bangladesh with two annual peaks in the number of cases occurring each year from the data obtained and analysed to date when the height of the ocean is high and sea surface temperature is also elevated cholera cases are numerous when the height is low and sea surface temperature is also low little or no cholera is recorded from the examination of data for the cholera epidemic in india preliminary comparisons of cholera data for calcutta show a similar relationship between cholera cases ocean height and sst in conclusion from results of studies of sst phytoplankton and zooplankton and their relationships to incidence of cholera rho of selected climatological AF and incidence of v cholera appears to be significant bringing the potential of predicting conditions conducive to cholera outbreaks closer to reality | MEDAL |
protocatechuate dioxygenase ec was purified to homogeneity from extracts of azotobacter vinelandii the molecular weight of the oligomeric protein was estimated to be by gel filtration and by ultracentrifugation the oligomer appears to be formed by association of equal amounts of nonidentical subunits which were estimated by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis to have respective molecular weights of and ten gramatoms of iron was associated with each mol of oligomer therefore the enzyme appears to be a decamer with the structure alpha beta fe the amino acid composition of azotobacter protocatechuate oxygenase closely resembles the CAA compositions of PCA dioxygenases from pseudomonas aeruginosa and thiobacillus sp these proteins from p aeruginosa and p putida are known to be formed by association of nonidentical subunits of a PCS size similar to the subunits of the azotobacter enzyme furthermore antisera prepared against the azotobacter oxygenase crossreacted strongly with the isofunctional enzymes from the two FL pseudomonas species a weak immunological crossreaction was observed when the antisera were tested against protocatechuate dioxygenase from acinetobacter calcoaceticus the results favor the conclusion that the bacterial PCA dioxygenases were derived from a common ancestral protein | MEDAL |
the opioid antagonist naltrexone was po to adults with severe or profound mental retardation and extensive histories of selfinjurious behavior fiveminute behavioral samples were observed randomly out of every hour from am through pm monday through friday for four week phases baseline PL mg and mg during naltrexone administration there were fewer days with frequent headbanging and selfbiting whereas there were more days on which blows to the head or selfbiting were infrequent selfinjurious participants slept hours less per night during baseline which was unaffected by NAL | MEDAL |
ultrasound scanning was performed at three CS above the fossa supraspinata on nine healthy subjects and five patients with myofascial shoulder pain this method produced a welldefined depiction of the soft tissue layers above the fossa supraspinata and reproducible muscle thickness measurements in the HS the average distance from the skin surface to the trapezius muscle was mm and the average thickness of the TR muscle was mm and the average thickness of SS muscle was mm the SS muscle was thinner at the medial measuring site than at the other two sites in contrast a tendency towards a larger distance was seen from the skin to trapezius muscle at the medial measuring site than at the other two CS no statistical differences were found between the two groups of subjects either at rest or during brief shoulder abductions all the subjects performed a degrees unilateral isometric shoulder abduction test to exhaustion the median endurance time was min for the healthy subjects and only min for the patients the ratings of perceived exertion rpe were in line with this since the increment in rpe with time was larger for the patients than for the healthy group the reduced shoulder abduction endurance time in the patient group may have been related to impaired muscle CF andor pain OD during the min shoulder abduction in the HS the thickness of supraspinatus muscle increased by indicating muscle swelling whereas the thickness of trapezius muscle remained constantabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
we extend our bayesian model selection framework for mapping epistatic qtl in exp crosses to include environmental effects and geneenvironment interactions we propose a new fast markov chain monte carlo algorithm to explore the posterior CSD of unknowns in addition we take advantage of any prior knowledge about genetic architecture to increase posterior probability on more probable models these enhancements have significant computational advantages in models with many effects we illustrate the proposed method by detecting new epistatic and genesex interactions for obesityrelated traits in two real data sets of mice our method has been implemented in the freely available package rqtlbim httpwwwqtlbimorg to facilitate the GA usage of the bayesian methodology for genomewide interacting qtl analysis | MEDAL |
treatment of acetylaminofluorene aaf to mu splenocyte SC produced a doserelated suppression on the lymphoproliferative response to concanavalin a con a the amount of interleukin il activity in the SNs was increased when aaf was treated for hr since il activity did not increase if aaf was treated for the last hr of a hr culture period the increase of il activity in SNs did not appear to be due to the leakage of il from intracellular pool treatment of colchicine an agent known to increase il activity in SNs by inducing the cytoskeletal structure modification increased il activity in splenocyte SNs in hr treatment meanwhile the il CD25 ilr alpha positive cell population was decreased by the treatment of aaf these results suggested that suppressive effects of aaf on the lymphoproliferative response to con a in mu splenocyte culture may be associated with the inhibition of il receptor expression | MEDAL |
the effect of three concentrations and per cent of PG has been investigated on human lymphocytes in vitro an increased ratio of anaphase cells was observed at per cent PG in the culture medium when added for the last h in h blood cultures no NC in chromosome number has concomitantly been observed a weak stathmokynetic action was induced by the same concentration of propylene glycol if po for the final two hours of cell cultivation these effects could be due to a delay in the normal CS of the sister chromatid separation during mitosis induced by the highest drug concentration | MEDAL |
we report the quantitative trait loci qtl mapping of reproductive isolation traits between ostrinia nubilalis the EU corn borer and its sibling species o scapulalis the adzuki bean borer focusing on two traits mating isolation mi and pheromone production pher four genetic maps were generated from two backcross families with two maps one chromosomal map and one linkage map per backcross we located aflp markers on these four maps resulting in the identification of linkage CG depending on the map considered nochoice mating experiments with the F1 of each backcross led to the detection of at least two qtls for mi in different linkage groups qtls underlying pher were located in a third linkage group the z heterochromosome was identified by a TPS marker tpi and did not carry any of these qtls finally we considered the global divergence between the two sibling species distortions of segregation throughout the genome and the location and effect of mi and pher qtls in CS of the known candidate genes for reproductive isolation within the genus ostrinia and more broadly in phytophagous insects | MEDAL |
leiomyosarcoma is the most common type of uterine sarcoma and usually displays typical morphology rat leiomyosarcoma is the rarest variant in which the RT contains liposarcomatous osteosarcomatous or rhabdomyosarcomatous components we have investigated the largest series of uterine leiomyosarcoma with a rhabdomyosarcomatous component and we have disclosed a molecular finding which coincides to the process of transdifferentiation from smooth muscle into striated muscle phenotype the surgical specimens of rare cases of uterine leiomyosarcoma with a rhabdomyosarcomatous component were formalin fixed and paraffin embedded in addition to hematoxylineosin stains phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin IF immunohistochemistry and methylationspecific PCR reaction the cdkna promoter region were performed leiomyosarcomatous cells were found to be strongly immunoreactive for both desmin and αsmooth muscle actin rhabdomyosarcomatous cells were immunoreactive for sarcomeric actin desmin vimentin cd and p the methylationspecific polymerase chain reaction revealed the presence of a methylated S2 and an unmethylated allele in the microdissected samples coming from leiomyosarcomatous cells on the contrary unmethylated alleles molecular expression of a loss of heterozygosity were detected in all the microdissected samples in the rhabdomyosarcomatous cells the loss of heterozygosity methylation in the promoter region of the cdkna gene occurred only in the rhabdomyosarcomatous cells with increases in both p and p expression this event may result in an inhibition of cdkcdk activity stabilizes the RT suppressor protein p and coincides with the transdifferentiation from smooth muscle into striated muscle | MEDAL |
a commonly cited concern regarding laparoscopic hysterectomy is that the risks and complications associated with the procedure may be greater than those associated with moretraditional hysterectomy techniques among the potential risks that are unique to this approach are injuries caused by laparoscopic instrumentation the events described below constitute the first known case of a postoperative bowel perforation caused indirectly by an automatic stapler used during a LAVH lavh | MEDAL |
tracheobronchial aspirates obtained from healthy TB racehorses in training at the same track were examined twentyseven percent of the horses had greater than neutrophils in the aspirate eosinophils mast cells giant cells and curschmanns spirals of mucus were observed in and of the horses respectively hemosiderophages were observed in of the horses half of which had previous confirmation of exerciseinduced pulmonary hemorrhage although fungal elements were seen in of the horses bacteria were detected in only of the horses the authors conclude that IAD is widespread in the racing thoroughbred population | MEDAL |
micromultileaf collimators are devices that are added to linac heads for stereotactic RS in this work the performance of an elekta precise linac with a dynamic micromultileaf collimator manufactured by dline has been studied MC simulations based on penelope code and measurements with three different detectors ptw semiflex chamber ptw pinpoint chamber and ptw diode have been carried out simulations were tuned by reproducing the experimental tpr quality index providing a nice description of both the pdd curve and the transverse profiles at the two depths measured the geometry of the micromultileaf collimator was tested by calculating the transmission through it and it was needed to significantly reduce the leaf separation indicated by the manufacturer to reproduce the exp results an approximate simulation in which the transport of the particles traversing the dynamic micromultileaf collimator was described in a simplified way was analyzed providing good agreement with the full simulations with the mc model fixed output AF for various field sizes were calculated and compared to the experimental ones obtaining good PA percentage PDDs pdds and transverse profiles at two depths measured with the diode for small fields were well reproduced by the simulation while the measurements performed with the pinpoint chamber showed differences in the pdds at C1 depths and transverse profiles at the penumbra monte carlo simulations and semiflex and diode measurements performed for a cm à cm field were in nice PA while those obtained with the pinpoint chamber showed differences that increased with the depth in water at the phantom entrance all measurements showed nonnegligible differences that made monte carlo a good option to estimate the absorbed dose in this region | MEDAL |
in an attempt to elucidate the contribution of the extent of nitrogen protonation on the in vivo IB of methamphetamine in the brain the enantiomers of nmethylcbeta betadifluoroamphetamine wer and high mass accuracy of the SF-36 employed this technique proved to be a powerful tool for the identification of proteins from femtomole amounts of materials we applied the technique for the investigation of burkitt lymphoma bl cell proteins this cell line has been used as a MM to assign apoptosisassociated proteins by subtractive analysis of normal and AI cells from the nuclear fraction of these cells protein spots were examined from only one micropreparative coomassie brilliant blue r stained gel T3 proteolytic digestion by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization maldi and nanospray mass spectrometry ms in combination with DB searches of proteins were successfully identified by nanospraymsmssequencing of up to eight peptides PER three proteins were new proteins not listed in any of the available databases some of the identified proteins are known to be involved in apoptosis processes the others were common proteins in the eukaryotic cell the given technique and the protein data are the basis for construction of a database to compare normal and apoptosisinduced cells and further to enable fast screening of drug impact in apoptosisassociated processes | MEDAL |
fetal cerebral cortex and cerebellar anlage from rat fetuses of gestational day were grafted simultaneously to the anterior eye chamber of AD female albino rat recipients two months after transplantation the cerebellar portion of the double graft consisted of foliated cerebellar SC surrounding a welldefined cerebellar nucleus in the absence of pia mater or glial scar the cerebral and cerebellar grafts were observed to establish direct contact with each other although much thinner than in the normal cerebellum the overall morphological organization of the granular SL in the transplant was similar to that described for in situ normal cerebellum with some remarkable differences though in normal cerebellum all mossy terminals contain spheroid synaptic LDV a characteristic morphological feature of excitatory endings in the transplant however although the majority of mossy terminals contained small or C1 spheroid synaptic LDV numerous mossy terminals were filled with ovoid or pleomorphic synaptic LDV a morphological marker of GABA terminals gabaimmunogold reaction revealed indeed the presence of this inhibitory transmitter in mossy terminals containing ovoid synaptic vesicles both gaba and gaba mossy terminals formed asymmetric gray itype synaptic junctions with the surrounding dendritic digits of granule cells it is suggested that gabaergic fibers as well as most nongabaergic axons originating either from the CBF cortical graft or from the cerebellar nucleus may develop to mossy terminallike structures as a consequence of the hugh deficit in NK mossy fibers in this model | MEDAL |
elevated levels of circulating endothelial cells cecs occur in response to various pathological conditions including myocardial infarction mi here we adapted a fluid phase biopsy technology platform that successfully detects circulating RT cells in the blood of CA patients hdctc assay to create a highdefinition circulating EC cell hdcec CA for the PCD and characterization of cecs IP blood samples were collected from mi patients HCs and six patients undergoing V1 surgery vs cecs were defined by positive IF for dapi cd and von willebrand factor and negative staining for cd in addition cecs exhibited distinct morphological features that enable differentiation from surrounding white blood cells cecs were found both as individual cells and as aggregates cec numbers were higher in mi patients compared with healthy controlsdema he developed increased iop mm hg that could not be controlled on maximal antiglaucoma medications and required the removal of the ozurdex implant at months his iop remained persistently high leading to increased cup disc ratio necessitating glaucoma filtration surgery gfs at months of postgfs followup iop was mm hg in le without any medication though dexamethasone implant is being increasingly used in children with uveitis its potential risk AF such as intractable glaucoma should be considered | MEDAL |
it has been reported that third stage larvae l of wuchereria bancrofti CS from jakarta molted to the fourth stage l in vitro in a simple culture medium supplemented with human serum in the present study this culture medium has been used to examine the effects of some physicochemical parameters on larval growth development and molting of wuchereria bancrofti from india CL at concentration enhanced the in vitro survival time of larvae molting of larvae from l to l stage has been obtained using human fetal lung cells in cellular coculture and as a source of CS medium given these improvements in the medium supplementation it has been observed that the age of ls duration of ls maintenance within the mosquitos is one of the most important parameters for the OD of ls in vitro no molting was observed when one day ls were used whereas molting occurred with one or two weeks old ls on the contrary when more than weeks old ls were used molting failed to occur even though duration of survival of ls was improved and in this case most of the larvae were degenerated | MEDAL |
the current definition of infertility acknowledges the importance of duration of pregnancy seeking but fails to recognize the prevalent negative impact of female age in fact the diagnosis of unexplained infertility increases with product or basal diet except for bm determinations replications gilts were placed in metabolism crates and offered kg daily of their assigned diet for d with total collection of feces and urine during the last d gross energy in the diets feces and urine was used to calculate the de and me content of each ingredient by the difference procedure using de and me of the BD as a covariate among CG of pigs the de content of the animal protein byproducts ranged from to kcal dekg dm and me ranged from to kcal mekg dm using all animal protein byproducts the bestfit equations were as follows de kcalkg dm à ge kcalkg dm with of se and and me kcalkg dm à ge kcalkg dm with of se and the apparent total tract digestibility attd of ca and p were also determined using the difference procedure with the average attd of ca and p for the animal protein byproducts excluding bm and feather meal being and respectively these data indicate that de and me substantially varied among the animal protein byproducts and sources and that a variety of nutritional components can be used to accurately predict de and me for finishing pigs in addition it appears that high dietary inclusion rates of animal protein byproducts may result in low attd estimates of ca and p which may be due to excessive concentrations of total ca and p affecting digestibility | MEDAL |
intracranial ganglioneuromas are very rare benign tumors of neural crest origin and generally arise from the IP NS or adrenal PG very few cases of intracranial ganglioneuroma arising from the TG nerve have been reported in the literature all in east asia | MEDAL |
many of the primary symptoms of OI fatigue diminished concentration as well as some of the premonitory symptoms of NMS nms are thought to be due to CBF hypoperfusion TCD measurements of M1 blood velocity cbv is at present the only technique for assessing rapid changes in CBF blood flow and hence for evaluating dynamic cerebral autoregulation however controversies exist regarding data interpretation at riability reflecting the difficulty in obtaining reliable pronationsupination data in small bones without the use of implanted markers changes in mcp joint extension and deviation angles determined using two surface markers agree with those obtained from bone landmarks the results indicate a reproducible protocol for tracking mcp joint motion using only two phalangeal markers suggesting that the norotation assumption can be applied without affecting measures of extension and deviation motion in the normal joint | MEDAL |
hereditary HFE hh is a common AR disorder characterized by tissue iron deposition AA to excessive dietary iron absorption we recently reported that hfe the protein defective in hh was physically associated with the transferrin receptor tfr in duodenal crypt cells and proposed that mutations in hfe attenuate the uptake of transferrinbound iron from plasma by DU crypt cells leading to upregulation of transporters for dietary iron here we tested the hypothesis that hfe mice have increased duodenal expression of the divalent metal transporter dmt by weeks of age the hfe mice demonstrated iron loading when compared with hfe littermates with elevated transferrin saturations vs and elevated CL iron concentrations micrograms vs micrograms by using northern blot analyses we quantitated DU expression of both classes of dmt transcripts one containing an iron responsive PE ire called dmtire and one containing no ire called dmtnonire the PC for dmt upregulation was a murine model of dietary ID that demonstrated greatly increased levels of duodenal dmtire mrna hfe mice also demonstrated an increase in DU dmtire mrna average fold despite their elevated transferrin saturation and hepatic iron content DU expression of dmtnonire was not increased nor was hepatic expression of dmt increased these data support the MM for hh in which hfe mutations lead to inappropriately low crypt cell iron with resultant stabilization of dmtire mrna upregulation of dmt and increased absorption of dietary iron | MEDAL |
local cbf lcbf was determined in the same rat model and at the same intervals of TD and reversal as in previous studies of local CBF gl utilization lcgu and ph lcph the results showed that prior to the appearance of the clinical sequelae of B1 deficiency opisthotonus which usually occurs on day of deficiency CBF structures such as the mammillary body VN inferior colliculus and TH showed significant hyperperfusion reaching greater than of control values at opisthotonus there was a general decline in lcbf but in addition the larger of these structures developed inhomogeneous perfusion with patches of hyperperfusion adjacent to others of LF seven days of thiamine replenishment at opisthotonus resulted in delayed hypoperfusion notably in the mammillary body inferior colliculus and thalamic nuclei superimposition of the lcbf lcgu and lcph data reveals that structures known to be vulnerable to the development of histological lesions in this model showed an EP of hyperperfusion uncoupled from declining lcgu and normal lcph then following a significant but only focal rise in lcgu between days and of deficiency hyperperfusion persisted while the ph was dropping and lcgu was rapidly declining the phase of patchy perfusion occurred only in the histologically vulnerable structures when lcgu was very low and acidosis was at its peak suggesting that it may have resulted from these opposing influences on lcbf following replenishment with thiamine the vulnerable structures showed delayed hypoperfusion coupled to lcguabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
secretory diarrhea remains a global health burden and causes major mortality in children there have been some focuses on antidiarrheal therapies that may reduce fluid losses and intestinal motility in diarrheal diseases in the present T0 we identified shikonin as an inhibitor of tmema chloride channel activity using cellbased fluorescentquenching assay the ic value of shikonin was μm shortcircuit current measurements demonstrated that shikonin inhibited eactinduced cl current in a dosedependent manner with ic value of μm shortcircuit current measurement showed that shikonin exhibited GABA effect against cchinduced cl currents in mouse Tc epithelia but did not affect cytoplasmic ca concentration as well as the other major enterocyte chloride channel conductance regulator characterization T0 found that shikonin inhibited basolateral k channel activity without affecting nakatpase activities in vivo studies revealed that shikonin significantly delayed intestinal motility in mice and reduced stool water content in a neonatal mice MM of rotaviral diarrhea without affecting the viral infection process in vivo taken together the results suggested that shikonin inhibited enterocyte calciumactivated chloride channels the inhibitory effect was partially through inhbition of basolateral k channel activity and shikonin could be a lead compound in the treatment of rotaviral sec diarrhea | MEDAL |
the genomic rna of different isolates of citrus tristeza virus ctv reveals an unusual pattern of CS diversity the halves are highly conserved homology while the halves show much more dissimilarity with the nontranslated region ntr containing the highest diversity homology as low as yet positivesense sequences of the ntr were predicted to fold into nearly MZ structures consisting of two stemloops sl and sl separated by a short spacer region the predicted most SD AA structures of the negativesense sequences were more VL we introduced mutations into the ntr of a ctv replicon to alter the CS andor the predicted AA structures with or without additional compensatory changes designed to restore predicted secondary structures and examined their effect on replication in transfected protoplasts the results suggested that the predicted AA structures of the ntr were more important for replication thal excitability in individuals with dystonia and even as a potential form of treatment for dystonic PS | MEDAL |
a comparative T0 was carried out on cytokine and chemokine responses in a CM cmsusceptible or resistant CS of mice B6 or balbc respectively in Pb anka infection cbl mice died by days after infection when parasitemia was approximately with CBF symptoms while balbc mice survived until week after infection although both strains showed thskewed responses on day T3 infection significantly higher C2 of Th1 RT necrosis factor TNF and no were observed during the course of the infection in balbc suggesting that th responses are involved in the resistance interestingly in the BB both strains expressed ifninducible protein of kda ip and monocyte chemotactic protein mcp genes as early as at h postinfection whereas some differences were observed between both strains thereafter ie enhanced expression of rantes in cbl and of Th1 and tnfalpha in balbc respectively moreover the expression of ip and mcp genes in kt an astrocyte cell line was induced in vitro upon stimulation with a crude antigen of malaria parasites these results suggest that the direct involvement of BB parenchymal cells takes place in response to plasmodial infection providing a new aspect to analyze possible mechanisms of cm this is the first report on the chemokine expression in neuroglial cells in response to malaria infection | MEDAL |
homologies of muscles of the m transversospinalis group in the dorsal and cervical regions in sauria are established based on detailed dissections and published accounts of lepidosaurs crocodylians and birds attachments and directions of tendons comprising this muscle group are fairly conserved among the saurian clades enabling rather robust inferences on muscle homologies the innervation DP indicates that mm ascendentes are the most lateral muscles of the m transversospinalis group in aves and are inferred to be rat with the crocodylian m tendinoarticularis based on their topological similarities it is suggested here that the lepidosaurian articuloparietalis part of m longissimus cervicocapitis actually belongs to the m transversospinalis group because its tendons of origin are shared with those of m semispinalis the avian m complexus and the lateral part of the crocodylian m transversospinalis capitis have origins and insertions similar to this lepidosaurian muscle and are proposed to be rat with the latter in some birds m longus colli dorsalis pars profunda continues directly into the anterior C2 region as m splenius accessorius suggesting a serially homologous relationship similarly m SP anticus continues anteriorly from m longus colli dorsalis pars cranialis and both of these muscles lie dorsal to m splenius accessorius therefore the currently used nomenclature that regards m splenius accessorius as a part of m longus colli dorsalis pars cranialis and that regards m SP anticus as a part of the former muscle does not accurately reflect the serial homologies among these muscles and may not be justified | MEDAL |
during a disaster drill at detroitwayne county metropolitan airport in september an attempt was made to evaluate the effectiveness of triage by tracing the routes of victims using a system of tracking cards the cards were placed with the victims during makeup and collected at the receiving treatment facility the system despite several problems encountered in its use provided an accurate method for evaluating the manner in which victims were handled during the rescue effort | MEDAL |
between and children underwent surgical repair of IAA at to days of age the anatomical form was a celoria and patton type b in all patients with an associated perimembranous VVI septal defect in all but one who had multiple VVI septal defects and patent ductus arteriosus six children had a retroesophageal RA subclavian artery two had subaortic stenosis and two had a rightsided descending TA in two children with severe hypoplasia of the ascending aorta the repair was performed in one stage with two deaths due to LVF in the other b cases a twostage repair was carried out the reconstruction of the aortic arch varied according to the individual case all children had pulmonary i.a. banding seven children survived longer than days six of them later underwent a CR repair the only survivors were those patients in whom the neoaortic arch grew harmoniously the authors conclude that a twostage repair gave disappointing results in this series of consecutive patients mainly because of the poor SQ of the reconstruction of the aortic arch by thoracotomy | MEDAL |
the formation of tethered lipid bilayer CM tblms from unilamelar LDV of egg yolk phosphatidylcholine eggpc on mixed selfassembled monolayers sams from varying ratios of mercaptohexanol and eocholesteryl on gold has been monitored by simultaneous attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared atrftir spectroscopy and EIS eis the influence of the lipid orientation and hence the anisotropy of lipids on a gold film on the dichroic ratio was studied by simulations of spectra with a matrix method for anisotropic layers it is shown that for certain tilt angles of the dielectric tensor of the adsorbed anisotropic SL dispersive and negative absorption bands are possible the exp data indicate that the structure of the assemblies obtained varies with varying sam composition on sams with a high content of eocholesteryl tblms with reduced fluidity are formed for sams with a high content of mercaptohexanol the results are consistent with the adsorption of flattened LDV and spherical LDV have been found in a small range of surface compositions the kinetics of the adsorption process is consistent with the assumption of spherical vesicles as longliving intermediates for surfaces of a high mercaptohexanol content no longliving spherical vesicles have been detected for surfaces with a C1 fraction of eocholesteryl tethers the observed differences between the surfaces suggest that for the formation of tblms unlike supported blms no critical surface coverage of LDV is needed prior to lipid bilayer formation | MEDAL |
recurrent ankle sprains can be reduced by following a neuromuscular training nmt program via a printed booklet or a mobile application regarding the high incidence of ankle sprains costeffectiveness regarding implementation can have a large effect on total societal costs in this economic analysis we evaluated whether the method of implementing a proven ERP nmt program using an app or a booklet resulted in differences in injury incidence rates leading to costs and hence to differences in costeffectiveness in total athletes with a previous ankle sprain were recruited for this randomized controlled trial with a followup of months half of the athletes used the freely available strengthen your ankle app and the other half received a printed booklet T3 the week program athletes were questioned monthly on their recurrent injuries primary outcome measures were incidence density of ankle injury and incremental costeffectiveness ratio icer during followup athletes suffered from a recurrent ankle sprain that led to costs resulting in a hazard ratio of ci the incremental costeffectiveness ratio of the app group in comparison with the booklet group was ⬠the ce plane shows that there was neither a difference in effects nor in costs between both intervention methodsgets the biological toxins ricin and botulinum neurotoxin this method can be applied to generate edna biosensors for the detection of many other protein targets with potential advantages over other systems including CS detection limits typically in the nanomolar range realtime monitoring and reusable biosensors | MEDAL |
this paper describes the design of an channel high voltage stimulator chip for rehabilitation of stroke patients through surface stimulation which requires high stimulation currents and high compliance Vc the chip gets stimulation control data through its serial IP interface spi and can accordingly generate biphasic stimulation currents with different amplitudes duration frequencies and polarities independently for each channel the current driver is implemented with thick oxide devices with a supply voltage up to v the chip is designed in a εm xfab HV process | MEDAL |
using a combination of reverse transcriptase PCR reaction to detect TPS mrna and immunohistochemistry employing antibodies that recognize two different epitopes for each molecule the local production of oxytocin ot and its cognate receptor was investigated in the male marmoset monkey callithrix jacchus there was synthesis of both ot and the oxytocin receptor otr within the testis and both were markedly expressed within the leydig cells a weak staining for both ot and its associated neurophysin could also be detected in sertoli cells in some animals expression of ot or neurophysin does not appear to be significant in the epididymis though there appears to be synthesis of the receptor in some peritubular muscle cells of the epididymis and in the VD within the prostate there appears to be no production of ot or neurophysin though there appears to be weak expression of the otr in the basal layers of the secretory epithelium similarly in the bulbourethral gland only otr immunoreactivity could be detected receptors appear to be present in the myoid cells encompassing the glandular lobules and are presumably able to respond to SVR ot an analysis of juvenile marmosets indicates that the testicular ot system appears to become established during puberty thus in this new world monkey the testis is able to support a local otbased paracrinetype system though the prostate and bulbourethral gland are probably only able to respond to exogenous ot | MEDAL |
coxderived prostaglandins pg have been suggested to be important modulators of RR and expression however the role of cox in various highrenin states is still being debated in the present studies we explored the role of coxderived pg on basal and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor aceistimulated plasma and renal renin concentrations prc and rrc ria and mrna expression rmrna rnase protection CA in experimental diabetes dm CG of moderately hyperglycemic n approximately mgdl streptozotocindiabetic rats d T3 weeks of dm were treated with a selective cox inhibitor mftricyclic mf mgkgday for coveries twelve clientowned dogs with traumatic injury and healthy controls were enrolled in the T0 lactulose REC and the lactuloserhamnose recovery ratio were significantly higher in the trauma group at hours but were no longer different from controls by hours xylose REC was significantly higher in the trauma group when compared to controls at hours whereas omethyldglucose recovery was significantly lower in the trauma group at hours the xylose omethyldglucose ratio was higher in the trauma group at all time points significant rho was found between severity of trauma and xylose and omethyldglucose recoveries hours T3 injury results of this T0 support the hypothesis that IP and absorption are altered in dogs with traumatic injury | MEDAL |
secondary or functional tricuspid regurgitation occurring late after mitral valve surgery is associated with high morbidity and mortality in this article we review the pathophysiology of AA TR and the evidence supporting the use of TV annuloplasty for preventing and treating secondary tricuspid regurgitation liberal application of TV annuloplasty is recommended to prevent progression of secondary regurgitation as contrary to widely held opinion fixing the leftsided valve dysfunction often does not resolve AA tricuspid valve dysfunction based on existing literature assessing the TV annular dimensions can be recommended as part of all mitral valve operations and annuloplasty strongly considered in patients with tricuspid annular dilatation or moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation | MEDAL |
we conducted a crosssectional study from december to february and from june to august the T0 aimed to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal and tracheal helminthes among local chickens in RNA jordan a total of male and female local scavenging chickens were selected randomly we examined the trachea and gastrointestinal tract of each bird for the presence of helminthes we recovered three nematode and eight cestode species no trematodes were found one hundred and fiftytwo birds ci were INF the prevalences of different species were as follows ascaridia galli female male capillaria obsignata heterakis gallinarum amoebotaenia cuneata choanotaenia INF female male davainea proglottina hymenolepsis cantaniana hymenolepsis carioca female male raillietina cesticillius female male raillietina echinobothrida and raillietina tetragona the prevalences of a galli and r cesticillus were higher in male than female hosts while those of c infundibulum and h carioca were higher in females the median worm burden was range worms per chicken | MEDAL |
regional MBF mbf and flow reserve measurements using nitrogen n ammonia positron emission tomography pet were compared with quantitative coronary angiography to determine their utility in the detection of significant PD disease cad | MEDAL |
to validate an assistive technology at baseline and outcomes measure and to quantify the measures value in determining the best match of consumer and at considering consumer ratings of their subjective SQ of life mood support from others motivation for at use programtherapist reliance and selfdeterminationselfesteem | MEDAL |
the rise of solutionprocessed electronics together with their processing methods and materials provides unique opportunities to achieve lowcost and lowtemperature rolltoroll printing of nonsibased devices here we demonstrate a waferscale direct lightpatterned fully transparent allsolutionprocessed and layerbylayerintegrated electronic device the deep ultraviolet irradiation of specially designed metal oxide gel films can generate finepatterned shapes of ⼠μm which easily manifest their intrinsic properties at lowtemperature annealing this direct CS patterning can be easily applied to the in wafer scale and diverse pattern shapes and provides feasibility for integrated circuit applications through the penetration of the deep ultraviolet range on the quartz mask with this RPA we successfully fabricate alloxidebased highperformance transparent thinfilm transistors on flexible polymer substrates | MEDAL |
models of alcoholism abound providing unicausal explanations of this complex problem and leading to narrow perspectives on treatment of alcoholics all models contain elements of truth and there is a trend toward considering the role of various factors in alcoholism some effort has been made to incorporate more than one MM into a treatment RPA this paper is another effort at synthesis and integration of various models into a comprehensive treatment plan it recommends the addition of the sociological and familial interaction models to medical psychogenic and moral ones and suggests that focus of treatment should be shifted from an individual alcoholic to the alcoholicinhissocialsituation | MEDAL |
the present T0 incorporates the details of CSD of adenosine triphosphatase amongst the various constituents of retinae of passer psittacula streptopelia and athene the outer segments in all the cases are intensely positive for the enzyme this is the part where the light strikes first and initiates the visual processes the nuclear layers are also positive for the CEA it is interesting to note that inner plexiform layers show clearout demarcations of various subsynaptic layers in all the birds except psittacula the ganglion cells and optic nerve MF are also positive for the enzyme | MEDAL |
acrylamide intoxication markedly impairs neural regeneration following transection of a peripheral nerve however no neural inhibitory mechanism has yet been clarified in the present T0 the early growth of regeneration neurites in acrylamide neuropathic mice was analyzed using a film model following transection of the common peroneal nerve the proximal stump was sandwiched between two sheets of thin plastic film and kept in vivo for various intervals after axotomy the regenerating axons grew for a significantly p longer distance than those in the controls up to the nd day T3 axotomy day but thereafter the axons showed suppressed growth many disoriented NFs were already accumulated in the axons on day and their number progressively increased the number of neurotubules was the same as that in the controls on day but thereafter progressively decreased and they had almost disappeared by day SCs began to migrate from the PT stump of the transected nerve on day showing their strong effect in promoting the axonal elongation the initial acceleration of the growth seemed to be induced by the unusual mass of neurofilaments and the suppression of growth at and T3 day might be the result of both the decrease in the number of neurotubules and a refractory state of the axons to the stimuli from the migratory schwann cells | MEDAL |
cryolipolysis provides a method for noninvasive fat reduction that significantly reduces subcutaneous fat in a pig model without apparent damage to skin and surrounding structures this study aimed to determine whether fat reduction in humans caused by cold exposure is associated with alteration in local sensory CF or nerve fibers | MEDAL |
investigate the prognostic impact and clinical relevance of the sentinel node snprocedure in colon carcinoma | MEDAL |
the ocular PA is defined as the difference between diastolic and systolic intraocular pressure the ocular pulse is generated by the pulsatile ocular blood flow in the choroid it is dependent on the dynamics of the CVS the rigidity of the ocular vessels on one side and the biomechanical properties of the eye on the other side in addition the influence of outflow facility of the aqueous humor the level of the intraocular pressure itself and last but not least the rigidity of the sclera on the OPA is until now not clear dynamic contour tonometry pascal® does not only measure intraocular pressure almost independent of corneal thickness and curvature but also allows easy and fast measurement of ocular PA on the slit lamp the ocular PA in healthy subjects is between and mmhg if the ocular PA is larger than mmhg spontaneous pulsations of the central retinal vein are visible on fundoscopy in patients with ocular hypertension the ocular pulse amplitude is larger than in normal subjects but this is mainly due to higher iop levels in patients with manifest openangle glaucoma the OPA stays initially within the normal range in more T3 stages of the disease and especially in patients with ocular perfusion pressure dependent optic neuropathy the ocular PP amplitude is gradually reduced due to the various AF influencing ocular PA a direct rho between reduced ocular PA and reduced OPP has not been established as yet new approaches investigating the variations of the ocular pressure fourier spectral analysis are promising especially when simultaneous analysis of the arterial blood pressure is performed these techniques may allow a fast and easy discrimination between healthy and glaucomatous patients in the near future if ocular PA exhibits a massive interocular asymmetry in the presence of symmetrical ocular findings of extraocular V1 pathologies ie carotid stenosis are the most likely cause and therefore should be excluded | MEDAL |
intracellular records have been taken from cat MNs belonging to gastrocnemius and soleus or to popliteal synergists during contractions of gastrocnemius and soleus acting separately or jointly such contractions were elicited by brief tetani or single shocks to the peripheral end of the cut VP roots l or s hyperpolarization of the motoneurone accompanies rise of tension in contraction the amount of it increases when at constant extension the contraction of the muscle is increased by increasing CS- strength as well as when it is increased by augmenting extension at constant stimulus strength it is therefore tensionsensitive the duration of the hyperpolarization induced in this manner reflects the duration of the contraction itself being considerably longer in the slow soleus than in the faster gastrocnemius it is often preceded by a brief wavelet of depolarization ascribed to the socalled backresponse early in relaxation there occurs a transient hump of membrane depolarization this corresponds to the moment characterized by phasic bursts from the spindle primaries the hump terminates hyperpolarization when the cell is stimulated by injected current to maintained repetitive firing the silent period in contraction begins with the phase of hyperpolarization and ends with the hump of depolarization as described above later during EC50 delayed inhibition may or may not follow often accompanied by hyperpolarizing activation noise and sometimes also visible as an extension of the silent period of a firing cell there is however no marked hyperpolarization of the motoneurone in delayed inhibition in the discussion the events described above are related to previous studies employing MSR testing or electromyography for the analysis of the variations of excitability caused in extensor motoneurones by autogenetic contractions as well as to known properties of stretch receptors | MEDAL |
we studied prostatic adenocarcinomas acinar ductal and cases with highgrade prostatic IEL neoplasia hpin immunohistochemically for the expression of betacatenin and compared the staining patterns with those of nonneoplastic prostatic epithelium and colorectal adenocarcinomas while nuclear IF for betacatenin was evident in colorectal adenocarcinomas predominantly membranous staining was observed in PACs the remaining cases showed no immunoreactivity in prostatic tumors expressing betacatenin staining intensity was comparable increased and decreased in and cases respectively compared with adjacent nonneoplastic prostatic epithelium no prostatic adenocarcinomas demonstrated nuclear IF the betacatenin IF characteristics in hpin were comparable to those in nonneoplastic prostatic epithelium negative staining for CKs cks and MW hmw ck and villin and positive staining for prostatespecific antigen psa were seen in PACs examined in contrast with colorectal adenocarcinomas which stained positively for ck and villin and negatively for ck hmwck and psa these data suggest that the betacatenin signaling pathway acts differently in prostatic than in colorectal tumorigenesis the immunophenotypes documented herein also might aid in the distinction between prostatic and colorectal origins when metastasis is encountered | MEDAL |
certain chemokines inhibit hiv replication through IB to cell surface receptors which also act as viral coreceptors based on our previous observations that hiv tat can interact with alpha and betachemokine receptors we investigated the potential effect of extracellular tat ectat on infection and replication of R5 r and cxcrusing x hiv strains in primary activated IP blood MNC cells pbmc of uninfected donors receptor desensitization and binding competition studies were used to determine chemokine receptor binding by ectat standard hiv replication assays based on reverse transcriptase rt activity determination in SNs of pbmc and real time pcr for hiv gag dna were used to determine potential effects on early entry or rt steps of infection ectat bound to X4 expressing monocytes and mitogenactivated pbmc and competed with the natural ligand of X4 sdfalpha stromal cellderived factoralpha in calcium mobilization assays ectat inhibited replication of the x hiv laiiiib CS in G1 pbmc at concentrations close to those of sdfalpha whereas it only modestly interfered with r hiv bal replication in pbmc both sdfalpha and ectat inhibited accumulation of x hiv gag dna indicating interference with viral entry andor rt our data show the surprising and counterintuitive observation that ectat selectively represses x hiv replication this could favour spreading of r viruses a condition observed in vivo immediately after transmission and in the early asymptomatic phase of infection | MEDAL |
neurons in the rat cerebral cortex are enriched in GI metabotropic glu receptor mglur subtypes and respond to their activation during development to understand better the mechanisms by which mglur and mglur mediate these effects the goal of this T0 was to elucidate the expression DP and to determine the cellular and the precise subcellular localization of these two receptor subtypes in the rat neocortex and hippocampus during late prenatal and postnatal OD at the CS microscopic level mgluralpha and mglur were first detected in the CBF cortex with different expression levels at embryonic day e thus mglur had a moderate expression whereas mgluralpha was detected as a diffuse and weak labeling mglur was localized in some cajal retzius cells as well as in other cell types such as pioneer neurons of the marginal zone during postnatal development the distribution of the receptors dramatically changed from p to around p mgluralpha was localized in identified transient cajalretzius cells of neocortex and hippocampus until these cells disappear in addition a population of interneurons localized the receptor from the secondthird postnatal week in contrast mglur was localized mainly in pyramidal cells and in some interneurons with a neuropilar staining throughout the cerebral SC at the electron microscopic level the immunoreactivity for both group i mglur subtypes was expressed postsynaptically using immunogold methods mgluralpha and mglur immunoreactivities were found throughout PN development at the edge of postsynaptic specialization of asymmetrical synapses these results show that the two group i mglurs have a differential expression DP in neocortex and hippocampus that may suggest roles for the receptors in the early processing of cortical information and in the control of cortical developmental events | MEDAL |
the regulation of the mitochondrial enzyme aminolevulinate synthase alv synthase activity during chronic WB activity overload in chicken skeletal muscle was investigated maximal CEA was increased and fold after and days of overload the content of alv synthase mrna ngmg total rna was not changed after days but increased p less than T3 days of overload normalizing the content of alv synthase mrna relative to the increase in total rna indicated that alv synthase mrna increased by and fold at and days respectively on this basis the increase in CEA per gram protein exceeded the increase in mrna content per gram protein by during overload the activity of cytochrome oxidase was unchanged T3 days but increased by fold p less than T3 days of overload the data indicate that the initial rise in alv synthase mrna and activity due to overload occurs in the absence of a prior NC in the level of cytochrome oxidase an enzyme that requires heme for its assembly and induction of alv synthase activity is regulated largely by processes at the translational or posttranslational steps | MEDAL |
the ensheathing cells of the olfactory SN are arranged endtoend to form a continuous channel enclosing the olfactory axons from their origin in the olfactory mucosa to their termination in the olfactory bulb on their outer surface the olfactory ensheathing cell channels have a basal lamina and an outer encirclement of olfactory nerve fibroblasts we present an anatomical model of the ensheathing arrangements for the entire transit of the olfactory axons from the horizontal basal cells of the mucosa through the SN to the SF astrocytes of the bulb we used intracranial section of the olfactory nerves to induce a rapid VA loss of olfactory SN and degeneration of their axons followed by replacement of the SN from stem cells in the mucosa and growth of the newly formed axons along the olfactory SN the olfactory ensheathing cells survive and play a vital role in this process unlike schwann cells in damaged PN the olfactory ensheathing cells neither divide nor migrate they are actively phagocytic for removal of the degenerating axons and provide continuous SD open channels along which adventitious cells such as erythrocytes and macrophages can travel and along which the newly formed axons can regenerate we suggest that the persistence of these open channels is an important PE in the effectiveness of the regeneration these properties which the olfactory ensheathing cells exert in collaboration with ON fibroblasts may also be involved in the reparative effects of these cells when transplanted into lesions of the spinal cord | MEDAL |
experiments were performed to examine the role of cyclobutyl pyrimidine dimers in the process of mutagenesis by ultraviolet uv light lambda phage dna was irradiated with uv and then incubated with an escherichia coli photoreactivating enzyme which monomerizes cyclobutyl pyrimidine dimers upon exposure to visible light the photoreactivated dna was packaged into lambda phage particles which were used to infect e coli uvr host cells that had been induced for sos functions by ultraviolet irradiation PR removed most toxic lesions from irradiated phage but did not NC the frequency of induction of mutations to the clearplaque phenotype this implies that cyclobutyl pyrimidine dimers can be lethal but usually do not serve as CS of mutations in the phage the dna sequences of mutants derived from photoreactivated dna showed that almost twothirds were transitions the same fraction found for uv mutagenesis without photoreactivation these results show that in this system the lesion inducing EMT the major type of uvinduced mutation is not the cyclobutyl pyrimidine dimer a strong candidate for a mutagenic lesion is the pyrpyo photoproduct on the other hand PR of sosinduced host cells before infection with uvirradiated phage reduced mutagenesis substantially in this case photoreversal of cyclobutyl dimers serves to reduce expression of the sos functions that are required in the process of targeted uv mutagenesis | MEDAL |
oral leukoplakia can be treated using a variety of treatment procedures however the lesions recur in many cases irrespective of the treatment procedure used the rate of recurrence was from to this T0 aims to identify the important AF that can lower the risk of recurrence of oral leukoplakia treated by curative surgical resection | MEDAL |
acute lymphoblastic leukemia with burkitt type cells has been described in until the mid with conventional treatments the prognosis was very poor with very few longterm survivors failures were mainly due to CNS system involvement at diagnosis or relapse after that period a dramatic improvement has been observed with intensified treatments based on burkitts lymphoma therapy regimens highdose cyclophosphamide highdose methotrexate highdose arac in compacttibodies mab to milkfat globule CM stained most of the inner cells in benign breast lesions carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinomas but the IP cells in benign lesions as well as in carcinoma in situ were unstained mab to epitheliumspecific keratin stained the majority of inner cells in benign breast lesions but comparatively fewer such cells in carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma markers for the myoepithelial cells antisera and mab to smooth muscle actin and vimentin stained most of the IP cells in benign breast lesions and in carcinoma in situ but failed to stain virtually any neoplastic cells in invasive carcinomas markers for the basement membrane adjacent to the ME cells antiserum and mab to laminin and type iv collagen delineated an IN basement membrane around benign lesions and carcinoma in situ and fragmented structures in of invasive carcinomas the remaining carcinomas were largely unstained markers for both myoepithelial and epithelial cells keratin mab pkk and lp stained most of the inner cells in benign lesions but usually only relatively few malignant cells in carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinomas markers for the sec alveolar cell mab to beta and kappacasein stained a few isolated cells in benign lesions many more inner cells in two such lesions in Pr females and none in invasive carcinomas in conclusion the ME cell and under suitable hormonal conditions the sec alveolar cell are retained in most benign lesions but they are largely lost in invasive carcinomas | MEDAL |
alzheimers disease ad is the most common cause of PSD in elderly persons since the pathology of ad develops slowly from a preclinical or early phase into a fully expressed clinical syndrome at the time of diagnosis the disease has been progressing for many years to facilitate the early diagnosis of ad we performed protein profiling of blood in patients with mild ad as defined by the functional assessment staging fast scale | MEDAL |
this study used data from the communicable disease surveillance centres national hiv database and the thames OCR to assess the risk of CA in hivinfected people in southeast england among hivinfected men with personyears followup cancers and among HIV+ women personyears cancers were identified the standardised incidence ratio sir for all nonaidsdefining cancers was significantly increased in hivinfected men confidence interval ci but was nonsignificant in HIV+ women ci most of the cancers observed were in men n and women n with aids and among them the sir for all nonaidsdefining cancers was significantlction rtpcr was used to amplify gene fragments of flaviviruses cdna of den and jev were successfully amplified with universal primer set and internal primers sera from patients with dengue fever were assayed by nested pcr den was detected from of the patients sera and den was detected from patients sera sera from patients with japanese encephalitis were also assayed by nested pcr jev was detected from of the patients sera by nested pcr we completed ID of flaviviruses within days the results showed that this method has the potential value in rapid clinical diagnosis of flavivirus infection | MEDAL |
this study was performed to validate the tau of threedimensional pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling pcasl compared with dynamic susceptibility contrastenhanced perfusionweighted imaging dscpwi in distinguishing radiationinduced BB injury from glioma recurrence in patients with glioma | MEDAL |
adhesion molecules of the integrin family including very VLA antigens vla have been implicated in various cellular functions in this T0 we investigated the contribution of integrinmediated interaction with ecm proteins to the cytokine gene expression in human chondrocytes HAC expressed vla and on the cell surface and could adhere to various ecm proteins especially to fibronectin fn furthermore the production of gmcsf and il was potently induced by culturing chondrocytes on immobilized fn this stimulative effect of fn was CR inhibited by an antiintegrin alpha chain mab as well as by antiintegrin beta chain mabs these results indicate an important role of the vlamediated interaction with fn in regulating inflammatory cytokine production by human articular chondrocytes | MEDAL |
we have investigated the effects of ohdpat in the mouse isolated VD preparation and found it to possess a biphasic initial inhibition followed by potentiation doseresponse curve the initial GABA phase of the doseresponse curve was not antagonized by NAL nm idazoxan nm or propranolol nm indicating that neither opioid alpha nor betareceptors were involved in the inhibition cyanopindolol nm was also devoid of any antagonist activity versus ohdpat showing that the effect of the compound is not due to hta or htb agonist activity domperidone nm fluphenthixol nm and sulpiride three chemically dissimilar da antagonists all antagonized the effects of dpat indicating that the compound is acting as a dopamine agonist in this preparation a comparison in the same S9 of the agonist effects of dpat and apomorphine showed that dpat possesses ca the potency of AP the doseresponse curve produced by dpat was much shallower than that produced by AP indicating that dpat is only a partial agonist in this preparation this was confirmed by subsequent experiments which showed that dpat at a concentration of microm which had no effect on doseresponse curves to the opioid agonist normorphine produced a ca fold shift in the doseresponse curve to dopamine | MEDAL |
the objective was to quantify cis and trans fatty acids in maternal plasma and infant cord plasma from adolescent mothers | MEDAL |
orogastric naltrexone is used for opioid detoxification but it is not known how gastric absorption affects PC of the drug we measured plasma naltrexone during orogastric naltrexone given in repeated doses of mg mg mg and mg plasma NAL was measured T3 each naltrexone dose the increase in plasma NAL was highly VL between patients during orogastric administration adequate detoxification was questioned in of patients because plasma naltrexone did not increase above ngml there was a negative rho between plasma NAL and the presence of withdrawal PS on the day T3 the proceduree adrenal gland modeling the measured sodiuminduced changes in receptor concentration demonstrated that small subcellular changes in receptor concentration can have a large impact on the net physiologic effect this model for dual receptorsingle ligand interactions should be amenable for other systems | MEDAL |
the association between hypoalbuminemia and poor prognosis in patients with CA is well recognized however the factors that contribute to the fall in Al concentrations are not well understood in the present study we examined the relationship between circulating Al concentrations weight loss the BCM measured using TB potassium and the presence of an inflammatory response measured using creactive protein in male patients n with T3 lung or gastrointestinal cancer Al concentrations were significantly correlated with the percent ideal body weight r p extent of reported WL r p percent predicted TB potassium adjusted for age height and weight r p and log creactive protein concentrations r p on multiple SRA the percent predicted TB potassium and log creactive protein concentrations accounted for of the variation in Al concentrations r p the interrelationship between Al body cell mass and the inflammatory response is consistent with the concept that the presence of an ongoing inflammatory response contributes to the progressive loss of these vital protein components of the body and the subsequent death of patients with T3 CA | MEDAL |
CST cst catalyzes the production of sulfatide a major class of myelinspecific lipids cst KO cst mice in which sulfatide is CR depleted are born healthy but display myelin abnormalities and progressive tremors starting at weeks of age although these phenotypes suggest that sulfatide plays a critical role in myelin maintenancefunction the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown we analyzed the major cns myelin proteins and the L1 lipids enriched in the myelin in a spatiotemporal manner we found a onethird reduction of the major compact myelin proteins BP myelin basic protein and proteolipid protein plp and an equivalent postdevelopmental loss of myelin lipids providing the molecular basis behind the thinner myelin sheaths our lipidomics data demonstrated that the observed global reduction of myelin lipid content was not because of an increase of lipid degradation but rather to the reduction of their synthesis by oligodendrocytes we also showed that sulfatide SD leads to regionspecific effects on noncompact myelin dramatically affecting the paranode neurofascin and the major inner tongue myelin protein myelinassociated glycoprotein moreover we demonstrated that sulfatide promotes the interaction between adjacent plp ECDs evidenced by a progressive decline of high molecular weight plp complexes in cst mice providing an explies here we investigated the spatiotemporal changes in vglut expression during the development of neuropathic pain in wildtype rats spared nerve injury sni induced mechanical allodynia from postoperative day to at least day expression of vglut and vglut in dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord was examined by western blot analyses on different PODs we observed that vglut were selectively upregulated in crude vesicle fractions from the ipsilateral lumbar enlargement on postoperative days and while vglut was transiently downregulated in ipsilateral drg day and contralateral lumbar enlargement day upregulation of vglut was not accompanied by alterations in vesicular expression of synaptotagmin or glyceraldehydephosphate dehydrogenase gapdh thus vgluts expression especially vglut is regulated following PN injury temporal regulation of vglut expression in spinal cord may represent a novel presynaptic mechanism contributing to injuryinduced glu imbalance and associated neuropathic pain | MEDAL |
right hemisphere recruitment of Az homotopical to affected leftsided language Az has classically been described in aphasia following stroke or BB PT it may also be a clinically significant mechanism in frontotemporal lobar degeneration ftld and alzheimers disease ad in a pooled analysis of previous fMRI studies of a modified version of the pyramids and palm trees test we probed the language network in patients with PPA nine semantic sv and ten agrammatic variant neuropathologically confirmed ftld in three cases to date patients with ad clinically probable and one neuropathologically definite ad to date and healthy controls the upper and lower bank of the left posterior STS sts was affected in ad and the left anterior temporal pole atp in primary progressive aphasia ppa mainly driven by sv in the right hemisphere the posterior sts showed an activity increase in both patient CG compared with controls in ad this activity increase correlated positively with naming accuracy both in ad and in ppa the connection strength between right sts and right atp was decreased compared with controls and this correlated with naming and comprehension scores respectively only in ppa did the RA anterior temporal pole show an activity increase which correlated negatively with comprehension righthemispheric recruitment and disconnections within the right temporal lobe may affect the degree of aphasia in cortical neurodegenerative disease | MEDAL |
the anterograde ERP refractory period of the accessory connection was determined before and after the administration of ouabain mgkg intravenously during electrophysiologic studies in patients with WPW the mean age standard deviation was years range month to years each patient had stopped taking all cardiac drugs for more than hours determination of the anterograde effective refractory period of the accessory connection was made using the atrial extrastimulus technique a NC in the anterograde refractory period of the accessory connection was defined as an increase or decrease of greater than ms from the value before ouabain administration the postouabain anterograde effective refractory period of the accessory connection increased in of the patients decreased in and was unchanged in this T0 demonstrated a decrease in the anterograde ERP refractory period of the accessory connection of of patients with wolffparkinsonwhite syndrome T3 the administration of ouabain | MEDAL |
we investigated cases with subarachnoid hemorrhage sah of unknown etiology by the initial digital subtraction angiography dsa the computed tomography ct scans were obtained within hours from ON patients were divided into two groups according to sah CSD in ct on admission perimesencephalic sah pmsah and nonpmsah the category of patients belonging to the pmsah group was subdivided into typical or D2 pattern of pmsah typical pmsah pattern of ct is defined as that having the center of clot immediately anterior to the upper BS with no definite extension into the anterior interhemispheric fissure ifh or sylvian fissure D2 pmsah pattern includes the extension of sah into the anterior ihf or sylvian fissure with the center of the clot similarly located anterior to the upper brainstem the number of patients with typical pmsah D2 pmsah or nonpmsah was or respectively followup dsa was obtained in spatients the nd dsa revealed the lesions as one sources in patients with nonpmsah eight patients further underwent the rd dsa which identified bleeding sources in patients with nonpmsah no one sources were detected by serial dsa in pmsah patients patients with extended pmsah may be managed like those with typical pmsah the rd dsa is required if the nd dsa fails to identify the one source in nonpmsah the nd dsa may be necessary in pmsah patients because of the possible ID of one sources optimal diagnostiheckpoints was developed in an attempt to overcome these limitations the purpose of this T0 was therefore to determine whether this technique can improve the midline symmetry of facial soft tissues | MEDAL |
the introduction of highly AS antiretroviral therapy haart has resulted in significant decreases in morbidity and mortality for subjects infected with hiv the BB is a L1 lung for hiv resulting in significant neuropathological changes in most hiv INF subjects and a wide range of clinical neurological PS including hiv associated dementia in the prehaart era hiv associated dementia was a common complication of aids however since the introduction of haart the incidence of hiv associated dementia has fallen but the prevelance has actually risen due to the increasing number of infected subjects and increased life expectancy hiv associated dementia correlates most closely with neuroinflammation rather than directly with viral load or hiv encephalitis hiv related clinical and neuropathological disorders are more prevalent in drug abusers than in other risk groups this review focuses on the shifting pathology observed in hiv infected subjects since the introduction of haart discussing the clinical manifestations of these and the influence of confounding factors such as drug abuse and SH c coinfection | MEDAL |
continuous use of the pyrethroid insecticide betacypermethrin betacp has resulted in serious environmental contamination problems we report here that a novel bacterial CS bsf which was isolated from activated sludge and identified as Bs collection number cctcc ab showed high efficiency in degrading betacp strain bsf was able to utilize betacp as the sole carbon source for growth and degraded of mg l betacp within days the optimal conditions for betacp Kd were determined to be °c ph and inocula amount g dry wt l using response surface methodology the kinetic parameters q max k s and k i were established to be day mg l and mg l respectively the critical inhibitor concentration was determined to be mg l seven metabolites were identified by gas chromatographymass spectrometry furthermore a novel biodegradation pathway for betacp was proposed on the basis of analysis of the metabolites this CS was also capable of degrading a wide range of pyrethroid insecticides including cypermethrin deltamethrin cyhalothrin and betacyfluthrin which similar to betacp are hazardous chemicals taken together our results depict the biodegradation pathway of betacp and highlight the promising potentials of strain bsf in bioremediation of pyrethroidcontaminated environments | MEDAL |
despite laws like the americans with disabilities act ada and the ticket to work act ttwa working age adults who develop chronic disabling conditions often find themselves faced with a choice of leaving the labor market in order to qualify for public health insurance or continuing to work often on a hit and miss basis disqualifying them from employee health benefits federal and state policy makers continue to struggle to find solutions addressing the needs of working age adults with disabling conditions and illnesses in this study we examine the work status of working age adults using two national health interview surveys conducted a decade apart to investigate and compare adults who have chronic disabling conditions and selfreported rates of work specifically this research investigates whether reported work activity among working age adults who report chronic health conditions has improved in the decade between and the effects of racialethnic differences age and region of residence on ones work status are also examined | MEDAL |
carimas cardiac image analysis system is a new software package developed at the turku pet centre for the quantitation of pet studies of the HR with a broad range of tracers the goal of this T0 was to assess the reproducibility of results the package provides for MP mp quantitation using olabelled water | MEDAL |
the effects of leptin upon body weight bw cannot be explained by its anorectic actions alone part of the metabolic changes elicited by leptin includes sympathetic nervous system activation leading to increased energy expenditure galaninlike peptide galp a recently described hypothalamic NPY is upregulated by OB and has anorectic effects in the mouse we postulated that galp mediates effects of OB upon metabolism to test this hypothesis we po galp centrally to the leptindeficient obob mouse acutely galp induced a decrease in FI and bw both of which remained significant relative to controls for d chronic galp administration resulted in a sustained decrease in bw and an increase in CBT despite significant recovery of FI in a pairfed MM chronic galncluding a pflactivating enzyme pflactivase and an electron transport system the latter transfers an electron from nadph to pflactivase as occurs in escherichia coli nadph was a physiological electron donor for the electron transport system and as little as mm nadph activated over of pfl of s mutans the optimum ph of the pflactivating system was around whereas the optimum of the e coli system is at ALP ph in addition small dialyzable molecules in cellfree extracts participated in keeping pfl AS in s mutans these results suggest that in dental plaque under anaerobic conditions where sugar supply is often limited or ph frequently falls below neutrality s mutans always keeps pfl active through the activating system | MEDAL |
deuterium labelled delta THC was i.v. mg and by smoking mg to five heavy and four CS marihuana users all subjects smoked an estimated amount of mg THC the plasma C2 of delta THC were followed for hours and in two subjects fof hours after administration the systemic availability T3 inhalation calculated from the area under curve values was in the range of for the heavy users and for the light users there was little difference between the CG with regard to the amount of smoked delta THC or plasma C2 and area under curve values obtained T3 iv administration thus it seems likely that the statistically significant difference in SVR availability of smoked THC was due to a more efficient smoking by the heavy users it is also indicated that heavy users prefer slightly higher delta tetrahydrocannabinol plasma levels than CS users based on the area under curve values T3 iv administration a plasma clearance of ml min was calculated the beta halflife of THC is more than hours the present results do not suggest that tolerance or sensitivity to delta tetrahydrocannabinol in heavy users is readily achieved | MEDAL |
this study sought to determine whether clinically significant improvement could be obtained using a psychodynamicinterpersonal group treatment based on a comprehensive conceptualization of perfectionism a sample of communityrecruited perfectionistic individuals participated in the university of british columbia perfectionism treatment study eighteen of these participants were initially nonrandomly assigned to a WL condition all participants completed measures of perfectionism traits perfectionistic selfpresentation and automatic perfectionistic thoughts as well as measures of distress including depression anxiety and interpersonal problems at pretreatment PT and at a month followup multilevel modeling demonstrated that perfectionism C2 decreased with large ESs and that these decreases were associated with reductions in distress measures clinically significant decreases were found in all perfectionism components and posttreatment scores on most variables were significantly lower in the treatment condition versus the WL condition the findings suggest that psychodynamicinterpersonal group treatment is effective in treating components of perfectionism | MEDAL |
in the prevaccine era pertussis epidemics followed a cyclic DP with peaks every to years with the marked reduction of pertussis by vaccination the same cyclic DP still occurs studies relating to reported pertussis and bordetella pertussis infection have been reviewed and analyzed the increase in reported pertussis over the last decades is mainly due to a greater awareness of pertussis and perhaps to the use of several less efficacious vaccines studies of prolonged cough illnesses in adolescents and adults reveal that to are a result of b pertussis infection serologic studies suggest that the rate of b pertussis infection in adoleus disease transplantation and CA the differences in the immune responses of balbc compared to cbl mice are especially valuable for the identification of immune regulation genes one striking immune variance between these mice is in the CF of NK killer nk cells and there is strong evidence implicating differential expression of ly genes in this T0 the CR balbc ly gene cluster has been sequenced and found to contain six functional genes and two pseudogenes compared to cbl mice there is a kb region absent in the balbc cluster including a complete lack of lyhrelated genes which explains the increased susceptibility of balbc to cytomegalovirus infection in addition there is no balbc lyd allele explaining the inability of balbc nk cells to kill certain tumor cells the ly region has now been sequenced in three different inbred mouse strains and comparisons indicate that the evolution of each haplotype is not straightforward and has involved largescale deletionsinsertions gene recombination and unequal crossing over between divergent haplotypes this T0 confirms that relatively small murine class i mhc receptor haplotypes exist analogous to observations made of human killer cell iglike receptor gene haplotypes | MEDAL |
two stable oxidants nbromophthalimide and nbromosaccharin are proposed as reagents for the visual and potentiometric titrimetric of thioureas isothiocyanates xanthates dithiocarbamates thiols sulphur thiosulphate thiocyanate and thiocarbonate the results are precise within | MEDAL |
the present study was designed to examine whether the production of aldosterone from the heart is suppressed by angiotensinconverting enzyme ace inhibition in patients with HF fortyone patients with LVSP dysfunction were randomly divided into either the perindopril group n perindopril mgday or the placebo group n plasma C2 of aldosterone and ace activity were measured in the anterior interventricular vein CS and aortic root during cardiac catheterization the C2 of aldosterone as well as ace activity were significantly higher at the AIV and the coronary sinus than at the aortic root in the PG aldosterone vs pgml p vs pgml p respectively ace activity vs iul p vs iul p respectively on the other hand there were no differences in the levels of aldosterone or ace activity between the anterior interventricular vein and aortic root or between the coronary sinus and aortic root aldosterone vs pgml p ns vs pgml p ns respectively ace activity vs iul p ns vs iul respectively in the perindopril group the levels of aldosterone as well as ace activity were significantly lower at the anterior interventricular vein and coronary sinus in the perindopril group than in the placebo group the difference in the level of aldosterone between the AIV and aortic root delta aldosterone AIV aortic root had a significant positive rho with that of ace activity delta ace anterior interventricular vein aortic root r p whereas ace activity in the aortic root had no significant correlation with either the aldosterone C2 in the aortic root or delta aldosterone anterior interventricular vein aortic root perindopril suppressed cardiac aldosterone production by mainly suppressing cardiac ace activity in patients with HF thus aldosterone production is G1 in the failing IVT and is suppressed by perindopril mainly via the suppression of cardiac ace activity in patients with HF | MEDAL |
single cell oil sco is an attractive SE source due to scalability utilization of lowcost renewable feedstocks and type of products made engineering strains capable of producing high lipid titers and yields is crucial to the economic viability of these processes however lipid synthesis in cells is a complex phenomenon subject to multiple layers of regulation making gene target identification a challenging task in this study we aimed to identify genes in the oleaginous yeast yarrowia lipolytica whose overexpression enhances lipid production by this organism to this end we examined the effect of the overexpression of a set of native genes on lipid production in y lipolytica including those involved in glycerolipid synthesis HFA synthesis central carbon metabolism nadph generation regulation and metabolite transport and characterized each resulting strains ability to produce lipids growing on both glucose and acetate as a sole carbon source our results suggest that a diverse subset of genes was ERP at individually influencing lipid production in y lipolytica sometimes in a substratedependent manner the most productive strain on gl overexpressed the diacylglycerol acyltransferase dga gene increasing lipid titer cellular content and yield by and respectively over our control CS on acetate our most productive CS overexpressed the acylglycerolphosphate acyltransferase slc gene with a lipid titer cellular content and yield increase of and respectively over the control strain aside from genes encoding enzymes that directly catalyze the reactions of lipid synthesis other ways by which lipogenesis was increased in these cells include overexpressing the glycerolphosphate dehydrogenase gpd gene to increase production of glycerol head groups and overexpressing the phosphogluconolactonase sol gene from the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway to increase nadph availability for HFA synthesis taken together our study demonstrates that the overall kinetics of microbial lipid synthesis is CS to a wide variety of factors fully optimizing a CS for single cell oil processes could involve manipulating and balancing many of these factors and due to mechanistic differences by which each gene product investigated here impacts liften report informative molecular interactions therefore fluorescence lifetime confocal imaging was performed in solutions tears and corneal epithelium removed by membrane cytology following applied fluorescein amplitude averaged fluorescence lifetimes Ïamp were measured with time resolved single photon counting using a pulsed diode laser for excitation of fluorescein lifetime decays were fit to multiexponential models with least squares analysis sternvolmer plots for both intensity i and Ïamp were determined sternvolmer plots demonstrated both dynamic and static quenching components r exponential fit ii plots of Ïamp versus concentration of fluorescein revealed a linear relationship immediately T3 fluorescein application quenching was evident in tears Ïamp ns versus tears sampled after min Ïamp ns corneal epithelium showed quenching Ïamp ⤠ns from to min post fluorescein instillation clinical concentrations of fluorescein show selfquenching but rapidly dilute as tears turnover intracellular quenching occurs in normal corneal epithelium lifetime decay curves suggest complex mechanisms are involved quenching is a plausible explanation for the low fluorescence BG observed clinically | MEDAL |
this work proposes a series of indicators based on routine data collection system adopted in the emilia romagna region with the aim of describing the quality and quantity of psychiatric care and the connections of psychiatric structures we are bearing in mind the plan aimed to MH care and the efficiency and SQ indicators of national health system ssn devised by the DH of national government | MEDAL |
inflammatory bowel disease is associated with increased reactive oxygen species ros and decreased antioxidant response in the intestinal mucosa expression of the mitochondrial protein prohibitin phb is also decreased during intestinal inflammation our previous T0 showed that genetic restoration of Tc epithelial phb expression villinphb transgenic phb tg mice attenuated DSS dssinduced colitisoxidative stress and sustained expression of Tc nuclear factor erythroid related factor nrf a cytoprotective transcription factor this study investigated the role of nrf in mediating phbinduced protection against colitis and expression of the antioxidant response element areregulated antioxidant genes heme oxygenase ho and nadph quinone oxidoreductase nqo phbtransfected cacobbe Caco-2 cells maintained increased are activation and decreased intracellular ros levels compared with control vectortransfected cells during nrf knockdown by si rna treatment with the erk inhibitor pd decreased phbinduced are activation suggesting that erk constitutes a significant portion of phbmediated are activation in cacobbe cells phb tg nrf and phb tgnrf mice were treated with dss or trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid tnbs and inflammation and expression of ho and nqo were assessed phb tgnrf mice mimicked phb tg mice with attenuated dss or tnbsinduced colitis and induction of Tc ho and nqo expression despite deletion of nrf phb tgnrf mice exhibited increased activation of erk during colitis our results suggest that maintaining expression of intestinal epithelial cell phb which is decreased during colitis reduces the severity of inflammation and increases Tc C2 of the antioxidants ho and nqo via a mechanism independent of nrf | MEDAL |
a controlled prospective T0 in patients was done to evaluate the tau of intravesical epirubicin administration as prophylactic treatment in regard to the DP of tumor recurrences T3 complete ER of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder intravesical instillations of the drug were given weekly for consecutive weeks and to the NR an intermittent maintenance therapy was administered for the first years after each followup examination of the patients treated prophylactically with epirubicin had recurrence within a total of patientmonths compared to of the controls who were followed for a total of months a difference that was not statistically significant p greater than however examining the results in another manner the CP demonstrated a significantly shorter mean interval to recurrence and higher recurrent tumor rate per patientmonths to clarify further the tau of epirubicin therapy comparisons of the treatment outcome according to several RT AF were done these comparisons revealed a significant benefit for those who received epirubicin with respect to PH of RT recurrences and multiplicity at presentation druginduced toxicity was acceptable our study suggests that epirubicin is safe and ERP against the recurrence of superficial bladder cancer | MEDAL |
the specificity of complementfixing cytotoxic antibodies against the yac lymphoma in sera of normal young AD a x cblf mice was studied in vivomaintained immunoselected sublines of the yac lymphoma expressed low amounts of the NK antibody nab target structure these cell lines were also resistant to A-NK nk CML T3 weeks of in vitro SC the immunoselected cell lines became nk sensitive but they remained resistant to nab when several independently derived SCV selected for low nk sensitivity were tested for their ability to absorb nab the degree of absorption varied considerably among the variants nab could be inhibited by purified ctype virus particles and also by bacterial sonicates and various glycoprotein preparations treatment of target cells with tunicamycin an inhibitor of asparaginelinked glycosylation decreased the sensitivity to nab lysis but had no impact on nk sensitivity thus the results indicated that a nab and nk cells recognized separate target structures and b the target structures for nab but not for nk cells were saccharides of the nglycosidic type | MEDAL |
since the introduction of MBS as a food preservative it has been associated with several idiosyncratic reactions eg bronchospasm oculonasal PS and urticariaangioedema in sulfitesensitive individuals the pathogenic mechanism of these reactions is not yet understood we report the case of two crewmen on a shrimp trawler who were found dead in the ships hold their deaths had occurred while they were applying dry sodium metabisulfite referred to as shrimp dip in the shrimping industry postmortem examinations showed diffuse pulmonary edema consistent with death secondary to asphyxia associated findings were visceral congestion although it is possible to measure death from MBS with available records its potential morbidity cannot be estimated it is known that sodium metabisulfite can react with acids and water releasing toxic sulfur dioxide so gas in addition so gas reacts with respiratory tissue forming sulfureous acid and inducing a pulmonary reaction causing hypoxemia furthermore sodium metabisulfite compared with sodium bisulfite has a much greater propensity to release so gas we conclude that there is a need for improved education regarding the potential side effects of MBS thus eliminating needless occupational morbidity and mortality | MEDAL |
recently the radioimmunological determination of cpeptide came into interest because of the jugdement of the remaining function of the islet apparatus in IDD diabetics as the degradation of cpeptide preferably takes place in the kidney we performed an intravenous glucose load in patients with kidney diseases the following results were obtained in patients with a healthy carbohydrate metabolism a clear rho exists between the concentration of creatinine on the one hand the creatinineclearance and the fasting cpeptide concentration respectively the measured amount of cpeptide on the other hand the more advanced the renal insufficiency the better is the correlation between the parameter of the kidney CF and the cpeptide concentration in diabetic patients there shows to be no clear rho between the cpeptide C2 and the kidney CF in insulindependent diabetics the amount of cpeptide is only of diagnostic use if the renal function is well known | MEDAL |
fibroblast growth AF fgf and are found in most embryonic and adult normal and RT tissues where they are immobilized in the extracellular matrix em mobilization of these fgfs is part of a tightly controlled process resulting in the activation of highaffinity receptors recently we have shown that a novel human fgfbinding protein fgfbp mediates the release of immobilized fgf from the em here we isolated genomic and cdna clones of the mouse fgfbp homologue and studied its expression during embryonic OD and skin carcinogenesis the murine gene contains two exons that generate a kb mrna and predicts an kda secreted protein that is MZ to its human homologue fgfbp mrna expression during embryogenesis is restricted to skin intestine and lung in the developing skin fgfbp expression starts at embryonic day reaches peak levels perinatally and is downregulated during postnatal OD development regulation in the intestine is similar but in lungs and ovaries high expression was also observed in the AD fgfbp mrna expression in the adult skin is dramatically increased during early stages of carcinogeninduced transformation in vivo and by rasactivation in vitro finally mouse fgfbp binds to fgf and can function as a modulator of fgf in fgfresponsive cells our results suggest a potential function of fgfbp during development and tumorigenesis | MEDAL |
a method has been developed for measuring the adhesion of platelets to purified collagen SF obtained from bovine tendon this method differs from others in that a platelet adhesion is measured in the absence of platelet aggregation b plateletrich plasma collected in acd acid citrate dextrose or edta or WP can be employed c Ad platelets are enumerated directly d erythrocytes and leukocytes do not adhere WP suspended in human ringer solution exhibit negligible adhesion at the platelet concentrations employed in contrast to WP suspended in plasma addition of purified human fibrinogen clottable mgml to human ringer solution completely restores the ability of WP to adhere to collagen SF albumin fatty acid free mgml is also capable of restoring adhesion albumin and seven other proteins at concentrations of mgml with varying molecular weights isoelectric points and frictional coefficients are incapable of supporting the adhesion of washed platelets the proteins tested were human AHG hexokinase hemoglobin cytochromec insulin thyroglobulin and muramidase PLT adhesion is proportional to both PLT concentration and fibrinogen concentration but is independent of temperature or glycogen stores modification of fibrinogen by acylation of amino CG or removal of sialic acid has no effect on its ability to support PLT adhesion degradation of fibrinogen with purified PL results in decreased support of platelet adhesion this accompanied formation of early breakdown products with clottability ranging from formation of fibrinogen Kd products was monitored by sdspolyacrylamide gel PACE of the corresponding fibrins T3 reduction of disulfide bonds a method capable of distinguishing alpha beta and gammachains decreased support of PLT adhesion is associated with the disappearance of intact alpha chains and early modification of the betachains purified proteinpolysaccharide macromolecules obtained from bovine nasal and humeral cartilage and from nucleosus pulposus are as ERP as fibrinogen on a weight basis and ten to thirty times more effective on a molar basis in supporting PLT adhesion the purified mucopolysaccharide side chains CSA chondroitinsulfate and keratansulfate are incapable of supporting platelet adhesion | MEDAL |
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