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corticotropinreleasing factor crf is one of the principle components of the AS response the physiological effects of crf are mediated by two receptor subtypes crf and crf recent data obtained with the selective crf antagonist antisauvagine asv has begun to suggest that both CRF-R subtypes may play a role in stressrelated behaviors exactly how these two receptor subtypes interact to modulate the behavioral and endocrine responses to AS is not clear however we have attempted to understand the role of the CRF-R in the behavioral and endocrine responses to AS by comparing the effects of asv with the mixed crfcrf receptor antagonist astressin centrally administered asv reduced anxietylike SMB in balbc mice in three models of anxiety marble burying MED med nmol open field med nmol and elevated plus maze med nmol asv did not change locomotor activity or the ACTH hormone acth response to restraint AS the potent mixed crfcrf antagonist astressin not only reduced ALB in all three models with equivalent potency but also blunted the acth response to restraint AS finally the new selective CRF-R agonist urocortinii produced a dosedependent increase in ALB in the plus maze test therefore our data suggest that the crf receptor plays a role in the behavioral but not the hypothalamicpituitaryadrenal axis response to AS | MEDAL |
clinical blood SS biochemistry and parasitological assessments were performed on four hospitalized dogs not in good general condition in a T0 carried out to determine the prevalence of GA parasitic infections hematological and PSA parameters and electrocardiographic recording of the animals were determined during the GA clinical examinations four dogs were indicated to have been INF with dirofilaria immitis by using modified knotts method and the microfilarial density was determined mild to moderate anemia and decrease in sedimentation velocity were established in dogs differences in other hematological and biochemical values between the dogs were determined right axis deviation was determined in a dog d immitis was encountered in the RA ventricle bronchus and the pericardial sac at the end of the necropsy on the other hand in the histopathological examinations pulmonary adenocarcinoma deriving from bronchial epithelium was identified in a dog and mf was encountered in bronchial and bronchiolar lumens interstitium of the lungs and bile ducts d immitis has not been considered in the diagnosis of dogs with pneumonia and tumors the requirement of parasitological examination with respect to d immitis in the diagnosis of dogs with RT or pneumonia has been considered vital | MEDAL |
to determine the ranges of variation of circulating receptor activator of nuclear factorkappab ligand ranklosteoprotegerin opgmacrophagecolony stimulating factormcsf and to ascertain their potential relationships with age sex and menopausal status in women and with sex hormones in a populationbased healthy cohort | MEDAL |
an evening oral dose of nizatidine a new hreceptor antagonist was tested for its ability to suppress nocturnal GAS and to inhibit food stimulated acid secretion the following day using a doubleblind randomized crossover design nizatidine and mg and placebo were compared in male subjects with basal acid secretion greater than or equal to mmolh continuous nasogastric suction was started h T3 oral dosing and acid secretion was measured hourly overnight PR was used to determine the completeness of gastric aspiration the following day food stimulated acid secretion in response to peptone meals was measured by intragastric titration to determine the carryover effect of nizatidine serum gastrin levels wes the results of surveillance program are presented to all staff members including nurses so that cooperative actions to reduce the complication rate can be taken from january to june operations were performed patients suffered postoperative complications especially after surgery of the colon and rectum cholecystectomy and hernia repair comparing three time periods no significant amelioration of complication rates were found but AF influencing complications like very high age of patients seriousness of the disease and diabetes were not evenly distributed in all three samples therefore it might be impossible to lower the complication rate since those factors cant be influenced by better preparation for and better performing of surgery | MEDAL |
two finishing experiments were conducted to determine the effects of concentration exp and composition of wet corn gluten feed exp in steamflaked cornbased diets on feedlot steer performance in exp english x continental F1 steer calves kg were used in a CR randomized design with six dietary treatments four pens per treatment treatments were six concentrations of wet corn gluten feed sweet bran cargill inc blair ne and replacing steamflaked corn dm basis all diets contained corn silage supplement and tallow dm basis gain efficiency and adg were similar p among treatments DMI was lower p with wet corn gluten feed than with concentrations of and wcgf dry matter intake did not differ among treatments containing wet corn gluten feed in exp english x continental crossbred steer calves kg were used in a CR randomized design with five dietary treatments four penstreatment treatments were assigned based on four ratios of steep to corn brangerm meal mix in wet corn gluten feed plus a negative control con wet corn gluten feed was fed at of the dietary dm and was made by mixing steep and corn brangerm meal into the diet the four concentrations of steep in wet corn gluten feed that comprised the ratios were and dm basis with the remaining proportion being the brangerm meal mix brangerm meal mix was comprised of dry corn bran germ meal and finecracked corn dm basis all diets contained CS supplement and tallow dm basis daily gain did not differ p among treatments gain efficiency did not differ between con and steep however gf was decreased p for concentrations of and steep compared with con a linear improvement p was observed for gf as concentration of steep increased as a proportion of wet corn gluten feed these data suggest that wet corn gluten feed can be used at concentrations up to of the dietary dm without adversely affecting performance and that steep has more energy than brangerm meal in steamflaked cornbased diets | MEDAL |
a total of consecutive chagas disease patients had an automatic cardioverter defibrillator implanted at our institution from october to january a retrospective longitudinal study was carried out to identity type of lifethreatening VVI arrhythmias as well as type of therapy delivered of these had been recovered from cardiac arrest five of patients in whom echocardiography was done had no left VF antiarrhythmic therapy was delivered to patients during postimplant followup thirtyone of patients received both shock and ATP five only antitachycardia pacing and one patient only shock median time to first shock was days varying from to days VVI fibrillation was the cause of first shock in patients VVI ART in and ventricular tachycardia not responding to ATP degenerating into ventricular fibrillation in nine five patients with VVI tachycardia were treated with antitachycardia pacing probability of freedom from device discharged was at days at days and at days in the postimplant followup thus patients with chronic chagas heart disease recovered from CA have a peculiar arrhythmogenic profile characterized by a high frequency of ventricular fibrillation and no LVSP dysfunction and a short period of time for first shock | MEDAL |
the effect of albuterol a beta specific adrenergic agonist on airway reactivity to histamine aerosol challenge was evaluated during halothane anesthesia and thiopentalfentanyl anesthesia in five basenji greyhound dogs responses to histamine aerosol challenges and mgml were measured during thiopentalfentanyl anesthesia and during HAL anesthesia in the presence and absence of iv albuterol microgramskg prior to aerosol challenges baseline pulmonary resistance rl and dynamic compliance cdyn did not differ in the four conditions albuterol significantly att the pulmonary response to histamine during thiopentalfentanyl anesthesia although HAL itself significantly attenuated the pulmonary response to histamine this response was further attenuated by the addition of albuterol this T0 suggests that albuterol is ERP in attenuating bronchoconstriction during both thiopentalfentanyl and halothane anesthesia as the effects of albuterol and halothane on the airways are additive betaadrenergic agonists such as albuterol are the agents of choice to treat bronchospasm in patients anesthetized with inhalational anesthetics | MEDAL |
lenalidomide is an immunomodulatory drug that has shown preliminary activity in the treatment of CLL leukemia cll much is known about the safety profile of lenalidomide from experience in other hematologic malignancies such as myelodysplastic syndromes and multiple myeloma in addition to the known adverse effects associated with lenalidomide eg myelosuppression rash fatigue some unique effects eg tumor flare reactions tumor lysis syndrome have arisen during clinical studies of cll typical signs of RT flare reactions include early ON of painful enlargement of the CL nodes or spleen with or without lowgrade fever rash and bone pain management may require nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs or a short course of CSs dose delays or reductions usually are not required for RT flare reactions signs of TLS may include shortness of breath peripheral edema generalized weakness sweating fever and tachycardia UT TLS can result in renal impairment and congestive HF careful monitoring and AGA management of treatmentrelated SE can help ensure that patients with cll achieve maximum therapeutic benefit from lenalidomide therapy | MEDAL |
voltagegated sodium channels maintain the electrical cadence and stability of SN and muscle cells by selectively controlling the TM passage of their namesake ion the degree to which these channels contribute to cellular excitability can be managed therapeutically or finetuned by endogenous ligands intracellular calcium for instance modulates sodium channel inactivation the process by which sodium conductance is negatively regulated we explored the molecular basis for this effect by investigating the interaction between the ubiquitous calcium binding protein calmodulin cam and the putative sodium channel inactivation gate composed of the cytosolic linker between homologous channel domains iii and iv diiiiv experiments using isothermal titration calorimetry show that cam binds to a novel double IMT motif in the center of the diiiiv linker in a calciumdependent manner NT to a region previously reported to be a cam binding site an alanine scan of aromatic residues in recombinant diiidiv linker peptides shows that whereas multiple side chains contribute to cam binding two tyrosines tyr and tyr play a crucial role in IB the cam clobe the PET relevance of these observations was then ascertained through EP measurement of sodium channel inactivation gating in the presence and absence of calcium experiments on patchclamped transfected tsa cells show that only the ya mutation of the five sites tested renders sodium channel steadystate inactivation insensitive to cytosolic calcium the results demonstrate that calciumdependent calmodulin IB to the sodium channel inactivation gate double IMT motif is required for calcium regulation of the cardiac sodium channel | MEDAL |
cysteine is the precursor of glutathione a powerful intracellular antioxidant and an important detoxifying agent of carcinogens however data relating plasma total cysteine to breast CA risk are sparse we conducted a prospective nested casecontrol study among women in the nurses AHS who provided blood specimens during through a total of incident breast cancer cases were identified and individually matched to controls by year of birth time of day that blood was drawn fasting status month of blood sampling recent use of PM hormones at the time of blood collection and menopausal status conditional LR with adjustment for other risk factors for breast CA was used to estimate the relative risks and confidence intervals of breast CA by C2 of plasma total cysteine higher plasma total cysteine concentrations were significantly associated with a lower risk of breast CA for women in the highest quintile of plasma total cysteine compared with those in the lowest quintile the multivariate relative risk was confidence interval this association was dose dependent p for trend and independent of plasma measures of folate vitamin b vitamin b and total homocysteine the inverse association between plasma total cysteine concentrations and risk of breast cancer was not significantly modified by other risk factors for breast CA except that a stronger association was observed among women who were leaner the findings from this prospective T0 suggest that higher PC of total cysteine predict a reduced risk of breast CA cysteine or its precursors might have the potential to be chemopreventive against breast CA | MEDAL |
ligand IB to recombinant bovine acylcoabinding protein racbp was examined using a lipidex competition CA and an epr spectroscopy displacement CA of all putative ligands tested racbp exhibited a high binding affinity only for acylcoa esters no alternative ligands could be found in rat liver fractions purified on an affinity of column on which acbp was coupled to sepharose b epr data indicate that both the acyl chain and the coa head group of acylcoa are involved in IB and that the phosphate group on the ribose moiety of acylcoa esters plays a crucial role in the binding of acylcoa to acbp epr competition IB studies show that the IB affinity of acylcoa esters for racbp is strongly dependent on the length of the acyl chain with a clear preference for acylcoa esters with carbon atoms in the acyl chain no rho between the number of double bonds in the acyl chain and the IB affinity was observed the exp results strongly indicate that acbp specifically binds longchain acylcoa esters with a very high affinity results that indicate that acbp is likely to be involved in the intracellular transport and pool formation of these EDC | MEDAL |
a series of revision total knee replacements performed at three centers and followed up for to years was evaluated in cases in which exposure could be obtained with undue tension on the PT the surgical RPA was modified using either quadriceps turndown cases or tibial tubercle osteotomy cases the remaining patients underwent a standard operative approach that consisted of a medial parapatellar capsular incision which in cases was combined with a quadriceps snip the results were compared using the knee society clinical score a patient satisfaction survey and a patellofemoral questionnaire postoperatively the group of patients who had a quadriceps snip was equivalent to the group of patients who underwent a standard approach in every parameter measured and the groups therefore were combined for comparison purposes the patients who had quadriceps turndown and the tibial tubercle osteotomy had equivalent scores postoperatively both of which were significantly lower than the standard group the group of patients who had quadriceps turndown had a significantly greater increase in arc of motion than the tibial tubercle osteotomy group the tibial tubercle osteotomy group had a lower degree of extension lag but a higher percentage of patients who had difficulty with kneeling and stooping and a higher percentage of patients who had difficulty with kneeling and stooping and a higher percentage of patients who thought the surgery was unsuccessful in relieving pain and unsuccessful in returning them to normal daily activities | MEDAL |
the aim of this T0 is to assess outcomes during first one year for patients with severe motor weakness caused by lumbar disc herniation that underwent surgical or nonsurgical treatment | MEDAL |
primary HP can be associated with symptoms related to gerd but it is unclear which symptoms of gerd improve PTX our goal was to assess prospectively for changes in specific gerd symptoms after parathyroidectomy using a validated questionnaire | MEDAL |
type diabetes td is an autoimmune disease in which the clinical onset most frequently presents in adolescents who are genetically predisposed there is accumulating evidence that the endocrine pancreas has regenerative properties that hematopoietic chimerism can abrogate destruction of beta cells in autoimmune diabetes and that in this manner physiologically sufficient endogenous insulin production can be restored in clinically diabetic nod mice recapitulating what also has been seen sporadically in humans we set out to test reliable and clinically translatable alternatives able to achieve these same goals recently tian and colleagues demonstrated that td can be prevented in genetically susceptible mice by substituting a diabetessusceptible class ii mhc beta chain with a diabetesresistant allelic Tg on their hematopoietic stem cells through gene supplantation the expression of the newly formed diabetesresistant molecule in the reinfused hematopoietic cells was sufficient to prevent td ON even in the presence of the native diabetogenic molecule if this approach to obtain autoimmunity abrogation could facilitate a possible recovery of autologous insulin production in diabetic patients safe induction of an autoimmunityfree status might become a new promising therapy for td | MEDAL |
RN angiography was performed during upright exercise to compare left VF in nine regular runners to nine agematched HCs HR rate blood pressure left VVI ejection fraction lvef end diastolic BVI edvi end systolic volume index esvi and stroke volume index svi were measured at rest and at and of maximum work capacity mean maximal workload kpm sd was in runners and in controls the resting data of runners and controls were similar there were no significant differences in HR rate systolic blood pressure and lvef between runners and controls during exercise svi and edvi were higher in runners during exercise p less than esvi was lower in controls at a level of exercise p less than the data indicate that an early and sustained increase in the diastolic volume of the LV is important for enhanced cardiac performance of regular runners during exercise | MEDAL |
laserinduced acoustic desorption liad from thin metal foils is a promising technique for gentle and efficient volatilization of IN organic molecules from surfaces of solid substrates using the singlephoton ionization method combined with timeofflight mass spectrometry we have examined the neutral component of the desorbed flux in liad and compared it to that from direct laser desorption these basic studies of liad conducted for molecules of various organic dyes rhodamine b fluorescein ANT coumarin bbq have demonstrated detection of intact parent molecules of the analyte even at its surface concentrations corresponding to a submonolayer coating in some cases RB fluorescein bbq the parent molecular ion peak was accompanied by a few fragmentation peaks of comparable intensity whereas for others only peaks corresponding to IN parent molecules were detected at all measured desorbing laser intensities from to mwcm the total amount of desorbed parent molecules depended exponentially on the laser intensity translational E/A of the desorbed intact molecules determined for the first time in this work were of the order of hundreds of meters per second less than what has been observed in our experiments for direct laser desorption but substantially greater than the possible perpendicular velocity of the ATP foil surface due to lasergenerated acoustic waves moreover these velocities did not depend on the desorbing laser intensity which implies the presence of a more sophisticated mechanism of SE transfer than direct mechanical or thermal coupling between the laser PP and the adsorbed molecules also the total flux of desorbed IN molecules as a function of the total number of desorbing laser pulses striking the same point on the target decayed following a power law rather than an exponential CF as would have been predicted by the shakeoff MM to summarize the results of our experiments indicate that the liad phenomenon cannot be described in terms of simple mechanical shakeoff or direct laser desorption rather they suggest that multistep energytransfer processes are involved two possible and not mutually exclusive qualitative mechanisms of liad that are based on formation of nonequilibrium energy states in the adsorbatesubstrate system are proposed and discussed | MEDAL |
arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy arvc termed a disease of the desmosome is an inherited cardiomyopathy that recently underwent reclassification owing to the identification of leftdominant and biventricular disease forms homozygous lossoffunction mutations in the desmosomal component desmoplakin are found in patients exhibiting a biventricular form of arvc however no models recapitulate the postnatal hallmarks of the disease as seen in these patients to gain insights into the homozygous lossoffunction effects of desmoplakin in the HR we generated cardiomyocytespecific desmoplakindeficient mice dspcko using VVI S1 light chaincre mice homozygous dspcko mice are viable but display early ultrastructural defects in desmosomal integrity leading to a cardiomyopathy reminiscent of a biventricular form of arvc which includes cell death and fibrofatty replacement within the ventricle leading to biventricular dysfunction failure and premature death dspcko mice also exhibited VAs that are exacerbated with exercise and catecholamine stimulation furthermore dspcko NF exhibited RA ventricular conduction defects associated with loss of connexin expression and electrical wavefront propagation defects associated with loss of connexin expression dosedependent assessment of the effects of loss of DP in neonatal VVI cardiomyocytes revealed primary loss of connexin levels phosphorylation and function independent of the molecular dissociation of the mechanical junction complex and fibrofatty manifestation associated with arvc suggesting a role for DP as a primary stabilizer of connexin integrity in summary we provide evidence for a novel mouse MM which is reminiscent of the postnatal onset of arvc while highlighting mechanisms underlying a biventricular form of human arvc | MEDAL |
low temperature benzene oxidation in the presence of ozone on mnoxmcm catalysts has been studied mnoxmcm catalysts were prepared from two different precursors mnno and mnchcoo and these samples were characterized by n sorption xray diffraction xray photoelectron spectroscopy and temperature programmed reduction the characterization results showed that the mnoxmcm prepared from mnchcoo had higher oxygen mobility and dispersion than the mnoxmcm from mnno as a result the mnoxmcm obtained from mnchcoo showed higher catalytic activity for the oxidation of benzene using ozone however without ozone the catalytic activity was negligible | MEDAL |
the CSD of nuclei in macroconidia was investigated in strains of the dermatophyte microsporum gypseum by fluorescence microscopy the macroconidia were characterized by the rightleft and the centralmarginal symmetry indices in strains the significant majority of the nuclei were situated in the basal part of the macroconidium the remaining strains showed a more or less uniform distribution of nuclei all strains had higher numbers of nuclei in the central part of the macroconidium as compared with the periphery | MEDAL |
hexamethylene diisocyanate hdi is used widely to manufacture PUs for paints and coatings it is an irritant and a chemical asthmagen the us occupational safety and health administration timeweighted average permissible exposure limit is ppb and the ceiling limit is ppb we sought to develop a sensitive and specific immunobioassay to supplement workplace air monitoring and detect recent hdi exposure for this we produced rabbit antiserum to hdiadducted KLH hdiklh the specificity of the AS was demonstrated by its reaction with a variety of hdiconjugated proteins and the absence of reactions with conjugates of other diisocyanates namely toluene diisocyanate and diphenyl methylene diisocyanate four immunoassays were developed and compared for their ability to detect decreasing quantities of hdiadducted human SS albumin hsa containing mol hdi adduct per mol hsa hdihsa as determined by matrixassisted laser desorption timeofflight malditof mass spectrometry the sensitivities of some of the assays are within the range nm of current analytic methods a western analysis procedure has a sensitivity of nm hdi adduct on hsa elisa inhibition CA in which microtiter plates are coated with the hdihsa antigen has a sensitivity of nm hdi adduct an IBA has a sensitivity of nm hdi adduct the most sensitive bioassay nm hdi adduct is a threeantibody sandwich elisa in which wells of microtiter plates are coated with the igg fraction of the antihdiklh antisera compared with analytic methods for hdi biomonitoring the immunoassays are faster and less costly and accommodate numerous samples simultaneously the assays have the potential to affect industrial biomonitoring programs significantly | MEDAL |
a yearold girl presented with a chief complaint of abdominal pain esophagogastroduodenal endoscopy egd identified a long and C1 gastric trichobezoar extending into the duodenum we attempted endoscopic retrieval after informed consent was obtained from the patients mother initially a gasper with prolongs commonly used for retrieval of endoscopically excised polyps failed to remove the whole trichobezoar when a net was used instead it proved impossible to remove the trichobezoar CR therefore we withdrew the scope from the mouth leaving the net grasping the tricobezoar firmly in the stomach subsequently we were able to retrieve about of the trichobezoar manually by grasping the snare part of the net directly a second pass found no deep laceration or perforation endoscopically the remaining trichobezoar was completely retrieved with the net the procedure was completed within min the retrieved specimens were cm in length and g in weight the patient was discharged uneventfully d thereafter she was advised to visit a psychiatrist to avoid suffering from a relapse followup egd showed no trichobezoar and the patients frontal hair grew back | MEDAL |
the present study examined the effects of oral reduced glutathione gsh supplementation in conjunction with ET on contractile function antioxidant defense and oxidative damage in response to ischemiareperfusion ir in rat NF female spraguedawley rats age mo n were randomly assigned to a treadmilltrained t mmin grade for minday dayswk for wk or UT u group each group was further divided into indicators structure their implementation and assessment methodology and examples of some indicators use concerning the characterisation or assessment of a water utility are also presented in the paper | MEDAL |
according to general model JA ja and ethylene et signaling pathways are induced in arabidopsis T3 an attack of necrotroph sclerotinia sclerotiorum lib de bary however abscisic acid aba and salicylic acid sa also seem to play a role while signaling events in arabidopsis have been intensively studied recently information for the NK host brassica napus is limited in this study multiple plant hormone quantification and expression analysis of marker genes of the signaling pathways was used to gain a complete view of the interaction of b napus with s sclerotiorum strong response of et biosynthetic gene acs was observed accompanied by increases of sa and ja C2 that correspond to the elevated expression of marker genes pr and lox interestingly the level of aba and the expression of its marker gene rd were also elevated furthermore induction of the sadependent defense decreased disease symptoms in addition sa signaling is suggested as a possible target for manipulation by s sclerotiorum a gene for putative chorismate mutase ssg was identified that is highly expressed during infection but not in vitro our results bring the evidence of sa involvement in the interaction of plant with the necrotroph that conflict with the current model | MEDAL |
for DUE of a connection between the electrocardiographic diagnosis and localisation of chronic infarction and the angiographic results LVG data of patients with coronary heart disease were assessed quantitatively according to the method of mathes according to electrocardiographic criteria of infarction six subgroups were distinguished anteroseptal anterior AL VPI inferiolateral and PL asynergies were demonstrable in of patients with infarct electrocardiograms normal ventricular CF was seen in of patients without infarct ecg asynergies were seen in of ECG diagnosed AW infarcts and in of posterior wall infarcts the sensitivity of the ecg in chronic infarction was the specificity pronounced differences in the number of involved segments were found between inferior and inferiolateral infarction in contrast no clearcut differentiation of electrocardiographic findings judged by segmental involvement in the LVG was seen for the anterior wall the extent of the anterior wall infarction diagnosed by electrocardiography did not correlate with results of left VG the ecg is a suitable means for detection of segmental disturbances of contraction also in the chronic infarction stage however localisation and extent of the lesion can only be assessed within limits | MEDAL |
to assess the accuracy of the tympanic membrane thermometer for use with pregnant women | MEDAL |
isotopic composition can dramatically affect thermal transport in nanoscale heat conduits such as nanotubes and nanowires a increase in thermal conductivity for isotopically pure boron b nitride nanotubes was recently measured but the reason for this enhancement remains unclear to address this issue we examine thermal transport through boron nitride nanotubes using an atomistic greens function transport formalism coupled with phonon properties calculated from density PET theory we developactive oxygen species ros are classified into radicals and nonradicals the radicals are highly reactive due to their tendency to accept or donate an electron and attain stability when cells experience oxidative stress ros which are generated in excess may oxidize proteins lipids and dna leading to cell death and organ damage oxidative AS is believed to aggravate the symptoms of many diseases including hemolytic anemias oxidative stress was found in the betahemoglobinopathies sickle cell anemia and thalassemia glucosephosphate dehydrogenase deficiency HS congenital dyserythropoietic anaemias and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria although oxidative stress is not the primary etiology of these diseases oxidative damage to their erythroid cells plays a crucial role in hemolysis due to ineffective erythropoiesis in the bone marrow and short survival of red blood cells rbc in the circulation moreover platelets and polymorphonuclear pmn WG cells are also exposed to oxidative stress as a result some patients develop thromboembolic phenomena and recurrent bacterial infections in addition to the chronic anemia in this review we describe the role of oxidative stress and the potential therapeutic potential of antioxidants in various hemolytic anemias | MEDAL |
addressing severe proximal femoral bone loss in revision hip surgery is a challenging reconstructive problem the use of modular PT FA megaprostheses is one of many available options to address this this is a retrospective review of patients who had undergone limb salvage at our institution using a modular proximal FA replacement there were males and females with a mean age of years to and a mean followup of months to indications included reimplantation for deep infection in nine patients aseptic loosening in three periprosthetic fracture in two and painful excision arthroplasty in one mean harris hip score increased from to preoperatively to to at final followup paired ttest p and mean toronto extremity salvage score increased from to to to paired ttest p prosthesis survival with revision as the endpoint was at years there were two dislocations and there was failure to eradicate deep infection in two modular proximal FA replacement provided good function and versatility with an acceptable complication rate for patients with severe proximal FA BL with or without infection | MEDAL |
the goal of this study was to investigate morphological adaptations associated with hydrostatic elongation of the tongue during FF in the african pignosed frog hemisus marmoratum whereas previous studies had suggested that the tongue of h marmoratum elongates hydraulically the anatomical observations reported here favour a muscular hydrostatic mechanism of tongue elongation h marmoratum possesses a previously undescribed compartment of the m GG m GG dorsoventralis which is intrinsic to the tongue and whose muscle MF are oriented perpendicular to the long axis of the tongue on the basis of the arrangement and orientation of muscle fibres in the m GG and m hyoglossus we propose a muscular hydrostatic model of tongue movement in which contraction of the m genioglossus dorsoventralis together with unfolding of the intrinsic musculature of the tongue results in a doubling in tongue length electron micrographs of sarcomeres from resting and elongated tongues show that no special adaptations of the sarcomeres are necessary to accommodate the observed doubling in tongue length during feeding rather the sarcomeres of the m genioglossus longitudinalis are strikingly similar to those of anuran limb muscles the ability to elongate the tongue hydrostatically conferred by the presence of the m genioglossus dorsoventralis is associated with the appearance of several novel aspects of feeding behaviour in h marmoratum these include the ability to protract the tongue slowly thereby increasing capture success and the ability to aim the tongue in azimuth and elevation relative to the head compared with other frogs the muscular hydrostatic system of h marmoratum allows more precise localized and diverse tongue movements this may explain why the m genioglossus of h marmoratum is composed of a larger number of motor units than that of other frogs | MEDAL |
as society is aging the number of elderly patients with psychiatric disorder such as dementia is increasing the hospitalization period of elderly patients in psychiatric wards tends to be prolonged in this T0 we have determined the factors that inhibit early discharge from the psychiatric emergency ward for elderly patients in japan | MEDAL |
the SAMP8 p samp is a mu MM of accelerated senescence characterized by the deterioration of learning and SM with advancing age in the present T0 we examined the CSD of nerve growth factor ngf IHC in samp mice and its control strain samr in both strains ngflike immunoreactivity ngfir was observed in SN throughout the entire forebrain and in glial cells in a particular location in aged samp mice each layer of the cerebral cortex retained its ngfir although the thickness of the cortical mantle was markedly decreased in comparison with younger animals there was an agerelated decline in ngfir in the substantia innominata of samp mice at the age of months when compared to monthold samp these results indicate agerelated decrease of ngf in the basal forebrain in samp mice | MEDAL |
considerable progress has been made in the last decade in developing vaccines against the most important bacterial enteric infections two new vaccines against TF oral tya and parenteral vi polysaccharide have been licensed in many countries newer generations of more sophisticated typhoid vaccines are undergoing clinical testing including recombinant attenuated s typhi strains and vi polysaccharidecarrier protein conjugate vaccines two inactivated oral cholera vaccines consisting of inactivated v cholerae bacteria alone or in combination with the b S1 of cholera toxin each conferred to protection over years in a field trial in bangladesh where subjects were immunized with a threedose regimen an engineered live oral cholera vaccine strain cvd hgr has been shown in extensive clinical trials to be well tolerated by children and adults in developing countries and highly immunogenic following administration of just a single oral dose a largescale field trial of the efficacy of this vaccine is underway several candidate vaccines against shigella and enterotoxigenic e coli are in PCTs | MEDAL |
a CP was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from the thermoacidophilic archaebacterium sulfolobus solfataricus molecular masses assessed by sdspage and GF were kda and kda respectively which points to a tetrameric structure for the molecule an isoelectric point of was also determined the enzyme was proven to be a metalloprotease as shown by the GABA effects exerted by edta and OP furthermore dialysis against edta led to a CR loss of activity which could be restored by addition of zn in the micromolar range and to a lesser extent by co the enzyme was endowed with a broad ATP specificity as shown by its ability to release basic acidic and aromatic amino acids from the respective benzoylglycylated and benzyloxycarbonylated amino acids an esterase activity of the carboxypeptidase was also demonstrated on different esterified amino acids and dipeptides blocked at the nterminus the enzyme displayed broad ph optima ranging over or when using an acidic or a basic benzyloxycarbonylated CAA respectively with regard to thermostability it was proven to be CR SD on incubation for min at degrees c furthermore thanks to its relatively low activation energy ie kjmol it was still significantly AS at RT at degrees c the enzyme could withstand sds and different organic solvents particularly ethanol up to amino acid and NT sequence analyses did not evidence any similarity to carboxypeptidases a nor TLN a weak similarity was only found with bovine carboxypeptidase b | MEDAL |
botrytis cinerea is the causal agent of gray mold diseases in a range of dicotyledonous plant species the fungus can reproduce asexually by forming macroconidia for dispersal and sclerotia for survival the latter also participate in sexual reproduction by bearing the apothecia after fertilization by microconidia CS induces the differentiation of conidia and apothecia while sclerotia are exclusively formed in the absence of light the relevance of CS for virulence of the fungus is not obvious but infections are observed under NK illumination as well as in DD by a random mutagenesis RPA we identified a novel virulencerelated gene encoding a gata transcription factor bcltf for lightresponsive tf with characterized homologues in aspergillus nidulans nsdd and neurospora crassa sub by deletion and overexpression of bcltf we confirmed the predicted role of the transcription factor in virulence and discovered furthermore its functions in regulation of lightdependent differentiation the equilibrium between production and scavenging of ROS species ros and secondary metabolism microarray analyses revealed lightresponsive genes and that the expression C2 of the majority of these genes are modulated by bcltf in addition the deletion of bcltf affects the expression of genes irrespective of the light conditions including the overexpression of known and so far uncharacterized AA metabolismrelated genes increased expression of genes encoding alternative QO2 enzymes such as the AOX aox suggest a mitochoinflammatory processes can reliably be assessed by f mri using PFCs pfcs which is primarily based on the efficient uptake of emulsified pfcs by circulating cells of the monocytemacrophage system and subsequent infiltration of the flabeled cells into affected tissue an ideal candidate for the sensitive detection of fluorineloaded cells is the biochemically inert perfluorocrown ether pfce as it contains magnetically equivalent f atoms however the biological halflife of pfce in the CL and spleen is extremely long and so this substance is not suitable for future clinical applications in the present study we investigated alternative nontoxic pfcs with predicted short biological halflives and high fluorine content PFOB pfob perfluorodecalin pfd and transbisperfluorobutyl DDE fe despite the complex spectra of these compounds we obtained artifactfree images using sinesquared acquisitionweighted threedimensional chemical shift imaging and dedicated reconstruction accomplished with inhousedeveloped software the signaltonoise ratio of the images was maximized using a nutall window with only moderate localization error using this approach the PR times of the different pfcs in mu liver and spleen were determined at t the biological halflives were estimated to be days pfd days pfob and days fe compared with more than days for pfce in vivo sensitivity for inflammation imaging was assessed using an ear clip injury MM the alternative pfcs pfob and fe provided and respectively of the pfce intensities whereas pfd did not show any signal in the ear MM thus for in vivo monitoring of inflammatory processes pfob emerges as the most promising candidate for possible future translation of f mr inflammation imaging to human applications | MEDAL |
we show that nonlinear inertial coupling between a linear oscillator and an eccentric rotator can lead to very interesting interchanges between regular and chaotic dynamical behavior indeed we show that this MM demonstrates rather unusual behavior from the viewpoint of nonlinear dynamics specifically at a discrete set of values of the TE the hamiltonian system exhibits nonconventional nonlinear normal modes whose shape is determined by phase locking of rotatory and oscillatory motions of the rotator at integer ratios of characteristic frequencies considering the weakly damped system resonance capture of the dynamics into the vicinity of these modes brings about regular motion of the system for SE levels far from these discrete values the motion of the system is chaotic thus the succession of resonance captures and escapes by a discrete set of the normal modes causes a CS of EMT between regular and chaotic SMB provided that the damping is sufficiently small we begin from the hamiltonian system and present a series of poincaré sections manifesting the complex structure of the phase space of the considered system with inertial nonlinear coupling then an approximate analytical description is presented for the nonconventional nonlinear normal modes we confirm the analytical results by numerical simulation and demonstrate the alternate transitions between regular and chaotic dynamics mentioned above the origin of the chaotic behavior is also discussed | MEDAL |
the catalytic portion of the cp atp synthase cf is structurally asymmetric asymmetry of the otherwise symmetrical alphabeta heterohexamer is induced by the presence of tightly bound nucleotides and interactions with the singlecopy smaller subunits lucifer yellow vinyl sulfone aminonvinylsulfonylphenylnaphthalimidedisulfonic acid rapidly and covalently binds to lysine on one alpha subunit nalin c m snyder b and mccarty r e biochemistry shapiro a b phd thesis cornell university ithaca ny the asymmetrical IB of LY to cf provides a method to investigate the cause of asymmetry in the alpha subunits the reaction of cf with LY was monitored by total fluorescence of bound LY as well as by quantitative determination of LY bound to the tryptic peptide that contains lysine of the alpha S1 the total IB of lucifer yellow to cf was not affected by the presence of tightly bound nucleotides or nucleotide in the medium neither the total binding of lucifer yellow to cf nor the reaction of alphalysine with LY was changed by the removal of the epsilon S1 the delta S1 or both subunits the extent of incorporation of LY into lysine of the alpha S1 in alphabetan was about three times that of lucifer yellow incorporation into cf reconstitution of alphabetan with gamma restored the IB of one LY per alphabetagamma therefore the interactions between gamma and the alphabeta heterohexamer are important in conferring asymmetry to the alpha subunits of cf | MEDAL |
the objective of this paper is to report our results from a prospective T0 of patients with colorectal liver metastases treated with radiofrequency ablation rfa three hundred fiftyfour treatments were performed in patients males mean age years the mean number of metastases was the mean maximum diameter was cm fiftyone had stabletreated extrahepatic disease treatments were performed under GA anaesthesia using us and ct guidance and single or cluster watercooled electrodes valleylab boulder co all patients had been rejected for or had refused surgical resection eighty percent received chemotherapy survival data were stratified by tumour burden at the time of first rfa the mean number of rfa treatments was during a mean followup of months developed new LM and developed progressive extrahepatic disease there were major local complications and minor local complications for patients with or metastases maximum diameter or cm and no extrahepatic disease the year survival from the time of diagnosis was and from the time of first thermal ablation was given that the year survival for operable patients is a median of our year survival of is promising | MEDAL |
a novel form of CP was evaluated as a fillerbinder in tablets the particle powder flow and binding properties of this exp cellulose material were compared with those of two commercial microcrystalline celluloses avicel ph and emcocel the effect of various storage conditions on the PCS stability of tablets compressed from celluloses was also evaluated the particle size and shape of exp cellulose powder differed markedly from those of microcrystalline celluloses experimental cellulose contained mainly large and roughly spherical agglomerates of particles among which were few smaller regularly shaped particles because of spherical particle shape the experimental CP flowed better than microcrystalline celluloses which consisted of much more irregularly shaped particles experimental cellulose formed stronger tablets than microcrystalline celluloses it also acted more effectively than microcrystalline celluloses as a IB material in tablets containing poorly compressible ascorbic acid and acetaminophenone this may be due to the extensive surface area of the particles of experimental cellulose powder the TPS surface area of this material was over times as great as that of microcrystalline celluloses this indicates an extremely porous structure of cellulose agglomerates tablets containing exp cellulose powder were able to resist a permanent loss in tablet strength at different storage conditions better than tablets containing microcrystalline celluloses according to the results of this study an experimental agglomerated form of cellulose powder is a very advantageous material as a fillerbinder for direct compression of tablets | MEDAL |
anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency is associated with multiple infections and a poor clinical outcome hypomorphic mutations in nuclear factor kappab essential modulator nemoikappab IKK and a hypermorphic mutation in inhibitor alpha of nuclear factor kappab ikappabalpha both result in impaired nuclear factor kappab activation and are associated with xrecessive and autosomaldominant forms of AED with immunodeficiency respectively autosomaldominant anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency is also associated with a severe tcell phenotype it is not known whether hematopoietic SC transplantation can cure immune deficiency in children with anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency a boy with autosomaldominant AED with immunodeficiency and a severe tcell immunodeficiency underwent transplantation at year of age with haploidentical tcelldepleted bone marrow T3 myeloablative conditioning engraftment occurred with full hematopoietic chimerism seven years after transplantation clinical outcome is favorable with normal tcell OD as expected the developmental features of the anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia syndrome have appeared and persisted this is the first report of successful HSCT in a child with anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency HSCT is well tolerated and efficiently cures the profound immunodeficiency associated with autosomaldominant anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency | MEDAL |
utilization review ur seeks to improve quality and costefficiency of health care however how well the process works in practice has not been assessed | MEDAL |
sodium na and chloride cl nutritional requirements dietary electrolyte balance deb and their effects on acidbase balance litter moisture and TD td incidence for young broiler chickens were evaluated in two trials onedayold cobb broilers were distributed in a completely randomized design with six treatments five replicates and birds per exp unit treatments used in both experiments were a BD with na experiment or cl experiment supplemented to result in diets with na or cl levels of or respectively in experiment results indicated an optimum na requirement of sodium levels caused a linear increase in ABG parameters indicating an alkalogenic effect of na the hypertrophic area of growth plate in the proximal tibiotarsi decreased with na levels the td incidence decreased with increases in dietary na litter moisture increased linearly with sodium levels in experiment the cl requirement was estimated as chloride levels caused a quadratic effect p or on blood gas parameters with an estimated equilibrium blood base excess be at of dietary cl no cl treatment effects p or were observed on litter moisture or td incidence the best deb for maximum performance was to meqkg in experiment and to meqkg in experiment we concluded that the na and cl requirements for optimum performance of young broiler chickens were and respectively | MEDAL |
the usefulness of optimized and newly elaborated histochemical methods for proteinases is illustrated on two selected substances dap iv glypromnafbbph was discovered in and dap ii lysalamnafbbph in of the lymphocytes of human peripheral blood ly the RP of such ly differs in quality and quantity on the ultrastructural level the RP of dap iv glypromnahnf was found in cell membranes and lysosomes CEA in other Az was probably suppressed during the preparation procedure although the number of ly revealed with lyspromna and phepromna at ph and with lyspromna at ph is high these substrates do not distinctly discriminate dap iv and dap ii dap iv occurs exclusively in t lymphocytes the number of dap ivpositive ly was not decreased in patients with myelofibrosis plasmacytoma chronic granulocytic leukemia or tricholeukemia it was however greatly reduced in chronic lymphatic one cll in patients with malignant lymphomas other than cll ly presence is related to the stage of the disease decreased values indicate a more severe stage or a relapse in the majority of patients with GC dap ivpositive ly were decreased they were normal or increased in patients with peptic ulcer the assessment of the number of dap ivpositive ly is a simple method that provides information regarding the condition of patients with malignant lymphomas and gastric carcinoma neutrophilic leukocytes and their precursors and to a lesser extent monocytes are revealed when nacetylmetinaphthyl ester acmetn is used as substrate MB lysosomal and cytosol proteinases were investigated together with disaccharidases in jejunal biopsies of patients with malabsorption syndrome activities of all enzymes were affected in patients with celiac disease according to their impairment enzymes could be arranged lactasel trehalase t brush border endopeptidase bbep gammaglutamyl transferase ggt dap iv enzymes cleaving acmern aminopeptidase a cytosol peptidases and APM in the propria dap iv is decreased or absent while ggt and particularly dap ii are increased after a glutenfree diet activities are restored in a reverse order bbep and ggt are useful as auxiliary parameters in the assessment of the damage or differentiation degree of enterocytes dap iv is a sensitive indicator of the involvement of the propria | MEDAL |
neurotransmitterna symporters nsss terminate neuronal signalling by recapturing neurotransmitter released into the synapse in a cotransport symport mechanism driven by the na electrochemical gradient nsss for dopamine noradrenaline and serotonin are targeted by the psychostimulants cocaine and amphetamine as well as by antidepressants the crystal structure of leut a prokaryotic nss homologue revealed an occluded conformation in which a leucine leu and two na are bound deep within the protein this structure has been the basis for extensive structural and computational exploration of the PET mechanisms of proteins with a leutlike fold subsequently an outwardopen conformation was determined in the presence of the inhibitor tryptophan and the nadependent formation of a dynamic outwardfacing intermediate was identified using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy in addition singlemolecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer imaging has been used to reveal reversible transitions to an inwardopen leut conformation which involve the movement of TM helix tma away from the transmembrane helical bundle we investigated how ATP binding is coupled to structural transitions in leut during nacoupled transport here we report a process whereby substrate IB from the extracellular side of leut facilitates intracellular gate opening and substrate release at the intracellular face of the protein in the presence of alanine a substrate that is transported â¼fold faster than leucine we observed alanineinduced dynamics in the intracellular gate region of leut that directly correlate with transport efficiency collectively our data reveal functionally relevant and previously hidden aspects of the nss transport mechanism that emphasize the PET importance of a second substrate s binding site within the extracellular vestibule substrate IB in this s site appears to act cooperatively with the primary substrate s IB site to control intracellular gating more than Ã¥ away in a manner that allows the na gradient to SP the transport mechanism | MEDAL |
we report characterization of phdependent SMB in polyelectrolyte multilayers pems fabricated from polyallylamine pah and low molecular weight polyacrylic acid paa synthesized by livingcontrolled polymerization exposure of these films to solutions of low ph eg ph resulted in transformations from films that were smooth and uniform to films with porous morphologies as characterized by scanning electron microscopy sem we observed large differences in both the extent of this transformation and the sizes of the pores that resulted compared to films fabricated using higher molecular weight paa used in past studies whereas transformations reported in past studies generally lead to pores with sizes in the range of μm we observed largerscale transformations and films with celllike internal structures comprised of networks of closed pores interconnected pores and throughpores with sizes as large as μm depending on ph and the manner in which the films were incubated films fabricated using fluorescently endlabeled samples of paa permitted RT imaging of changes in internal structure using confocal microscopy lscm the results of these studies also revealed C1 differences in the nature of these transformations when films were placed in contact with surfaces as opposed to when dipped into AQ solutions our results reveal approaches that can be used to fabricate films with large pores eg pores with sizes on the order of μm and suggest methods that could potentially be used to generate pems having controlled gradients in pore size | MEDAL |
a T0 is presented of a yearold female patient and her three siblings with familial hypercholesterolemia the family members had episodes of cerebral infarction and apparently had atherosclerosis of the internal carotid artery but no coronary HR disease due to their almost normal level of cholesterol the laboratory studies of the family members revealed the elevations of SS lipid peroxides SS lipoproteina leukotriene c in blood the thromboxane bketoprostaglandin f alpha ratio in plasma and SS hydroxyl radical therefore it is suspected that these factors accelerating atherosclerotic process caused the CBF infarction the patient demonstrated corneal opacities palpebral xanthomas thickened achilles tendons polyneuropathy and the carpal tunnel syndrome laboratory studies revealed an elevation in the okt ratio monocyte dysfunction with respect to phagocytosis and chemotaxis and the presence of the xxxo mosaic chromosome lipid deposits were observed in the achilles tendon the TCL the schwanns cells and axons of the SN and in the keratocytes and stroma of the cornea following the administration of tocopherol nicotinate and probucol the patients SS lipid peroxide normalized and there was improvement in her palpebral xanthomas thickening of the achilles tendons and polyneuropathy we conclude that the lipid deposits in this patient were due to the abnormal oxidative metabolism of lowdensity lipoprotein and a disturbance of the scavenger pathway due to the mo dysfunction | MEDAL |
the structure of the assistance publiquehôpitaux de paris renders necessary an inhouse centralized TA unit this unit named cedit EC for the DUE and the diffusion of innovative technologies has been functioning since and has advised the director GA on new technologies including the lithotriptor and plasmaexchange therapy a particular feature of the cedit is that it is in charge of both the assessment and the implementation of the recommendations following this assessment we attempt to describe the consequences of the cedits functioning compared to other countries technology assessment organizations | MEDAL |
mycotic aneurysms of the subclavian i.a. are rare this report describes an experience of rare cases in which transcatheter embolization with metallic coils was performed for the management of these lesions alternative to surgery two patients who had been treated with chemotherapy for malignant neoplasms were diagnosed as having mycotic aneurysms of the left subclavian artery the causes of these lesions were presumed to be the invasion of the arterial wall by the pulmonary PA in case and wound infection after placement of the reservoir for intraarterial chemotherapy in case in both cases PT and distal sites of the aneurysm were embolized with metallic coils in case the vertebral i.a. was also embolized with guglielmi detachable coils to avoid VA blood flow both aneurysms were CR occluded by a single embolization in case although weakness and paresthesia of the left hand remained lethal hemoptysis due to aneurysmal fistulization to the lung parenchyma ceased in case no neurological deficit except for mild paresthesia in the left thumb had been observed both patients died of primary disease and months after the procedure transcatheter embolization is technically feasible and ERP enough to treat the mycotic aneurysm of the subclavian i.a. even in the situation in which the surgical option seems to be difficult or risky | MEDAL |
we investigated whether tumor cell lysis by lymphokineactivated killer lak cells was enhanced by treatment of the tumor cells with cisplatin cddp in vitro tumor cells were treated with cddp in vitro and the cytotoxic activity for lak cells was measured by h crrelease CA the alterations of succinate dehydrogenase sd activity and dnarna synthesis of tumor cells were analysed the susceptibility of cddptreated microgramsml h daudi and katoiii cells to lysis by short termcultured lak cells was enhanced as was the susceptibility of cddptreated microgramsml h autologous tumor and daudi cells to lysis by long termcultured lak cells sd activity and dna synthesis in RT cells were impaired by h treatment with microgramsml of cddp whereas those were not altered by h treatment with microgramsml of cddp the enhancement of the susceptibility of cddptreated tumor cells to long termcultured lak cells was thus elucidated it was shown to be due to alterations of the RT cells with regard to their sd activity and dna synthesis it is suggested that the combined therapy with cddp and lak cells offers hope for increasing the response rate and the longterm survival of cancer patients | MEDAL |
the synthesis of the ctype isocitrate lyase found during growth of pseudomonas ma on MA was investigated it was shown that this enzyme is subject to catabolite repression by preferred carbon sources eg succinate and by ammonia the carbon repression can be overcome by cAMP which was shown to be acting at the transcriptional level repression by ammonia is overcome during growth with methylamine as sole nitrogen but not carbon source uptake experiments showed that the uptake of MA from the medium was prevented by ammonia in the presence but not in the absence of an alternative carbon source measurement of cAMP levels in cells grown on MA and on succinate glycerol gl and acetate as carbon sources with ammonium chloride as nitrogen source revealed that methylaminegrown cells have the lowest cyclic amp level despite having the highest ctype isocitrate lyase activity cells grown on acetate with methylamine as sole nitrogen source possess both ctype and ctype isocitrate lyase the results indicate that the synthesis of cisocitrate lyase is under control by repressionderepression involving a TPS inducer cAMP and an effector whose action is related to the nitrogen supply of the cell | MEDAL |
on isolated normothermic and constantpressure perfused rathearts cardioplegic haemoglobinperfusion was compared with conventional cardioplegic perfusion without haemoglobin the addition of haemoglobin to the cardioplegic solution guarantees oxygen demand of the pharmacologically arrested HR at physiological po about mm hg of the perfusionsolution while conventional cardioplegic perfusion without haemoglobin needs arterial po mm hg and guarantees oxygen demand of the arrested normotherm ratheart only under condition of sufficient coronary flow the coronary flow during constantpressure cardioplegic haemoglobinperfusion was about higher than during cardioplegic perfusion without haemoglobin interstitial oedema T3 perfusion for hour was more intense T3 perfusion with the conventional cardioplegic solution than T3 cardioplegic haemoglobinperfusion normothermic ischaemia of T2 T3 perfusion with cardioplegic haemoglobinsolution was connected with a smaller drop of creatinephosphate and adenosinetriphosphate than after conventional cardioplegic perfusion electronoptical S9 showed smaller changes of the structure the use of cardioplegic haemoglobinsolutions in heartsurgery and the advantages of cardioplegic haemoglobinperfusion are discussed | MEDAL |
fungal molecular biology has benefited from the enormous advances in understanding proteinprotein interactions in prokaryotic or eukaryotic organisms of the past decade tandem affinity purification tap allows the enrichment of native protein complexes from CE under mild conditions we codonoptimized tags and established tap previously not applicable to filamentous fungi for the MM organism aspergillus nidulans we could identify by this method the trimeric velvet complex velbvealaea or the eight S1 cop signalosome here we describe an optimized protocol for a nidulans which can also be adapted to other filamentous fungi | MEDAL |
the rate of progression of aortic stenosis as in adults is VL to determine whether clinical or echocardiographic variables are associated with more rapid hemodynamic progression we identified as patients initial valve area or cm with technically adequate studies separated by or months from the first T0 left VVI dimensions and as severity were measured by standard dopplerechocardiographic methods each aortic valve was graded for severity of calcification and degree of restricted leaflet motion the sum of these grades provided a severity index reflecting leaflet pathology clinical and electrocardiographic variables were abstracted from medical records mean age was years range to and were women initial as severity ranged from an AVA of to cm median cm during a mean followup of years the AV area decreased cmyear the patient group with more rapid progression decrease in AVA or cmyear had a larger proportion of men p and patients with an elevated serum creatinine p a higher left ventricular mass index p and a higher severity index p multivariable regression analysis identified the severity index direct relation and the initial aortic valve area inverse relation as the only independent variables associated with more rapid progression in conclusion the rate of as progression although highly VL is more rapid when leaflet calcification is more marked | MEDAL |
mostly retrospective series with limited use of SOM have indicated that early complications are more common when endoscopic sphincterotomy is performed for sphincter of oddi dysfunction than for common duct stones the current study was undertaken to prospectively evaluate the frequency and type of complications of endoscopic sphincterotomy performed for sphincter of oddi dysfunction compared with endoscopic sphincterotomy performed for other conditions four hundred twentythree patients underwent sphincterotomy for SOD common duct stones RT and miscellaneous reasons patients were observed in the hospital for at least hours after the procedure and day followup data were obtained the overall complication rate was but complications were more frequent when sphincterotomy was performed for SOD than for all other indications vs p precut sphincterotomy was more frequently required in the sphincter of oddi dysfunction group vs p but was no more likely to result in a complication than standard sphincterotomy the risk of a complication was considerable for a smalldiameter CBD less than or equal to mm particularly when sphincterotomy was performed for SO dysfunction the overall day mortality rate was but the procedurerelated MR was believed to be it is concluded that endoscopic sphincterotomy for SOD is more hazardous than for other conditions particularly when a small CBD is present | MEDAL |
the death receptor and endoplasmic reticulum er are closely related to cell apoptosis and it is worth studying whether the apoptosis pathways mediated by them are involved in LR to understand the mechanism underlying death receptor and ermediated apoptosis during rat CL regeneration we used the rat genome array to determine the changes in mRNA we then searched the gene ontology go and ncbi databases for genes associated with cell apoptosis mediated by the death receptor and er qiagen and kegg databases were used for the related signaling pathways we used the expression profile CF to calculate the activity levels of the known apoptosis signaling pathways the results of our T0 showed that the initial gene expression numbers in initiation gg transition cell proliferation and redifferentiation and structural reconstruction phases were and respectively this demonstrates that liver regenerationrelated genes primarily start their expression in the initiation phase and work differently in each phase by calculation and analysis using the gene synergy formula it was suggested that the apoptosis signaling pathways fas death receptor dr tumor necrosis factor receptor tnfr and er induced cell apoptosis in whole LR and antiapoptosis pathways dr and tnfr restrained apoptosis in the early phase of CL regeneration in summary these apoptosis pathways coordinated and regulated SQ and quantity of the regenerating CL cells | MEDAL |
radiographic contrast media cm can induce renal failure and this may serve as an experimental MM of acute renal failure arf one vasoactive factor likely to be involved in arf is adenosine in a doubleblind placebocontrolled study we investigated the effect of theophylline tp an adenosine receptor antagonist regarding changes in renal hemodynamics induced by cm thirtynine patients who received ml of a nonionic low osmolar cm iopromide were studied for changes in gfr and rpf by continuous in and pah clearance before and until four hours after cm application fortyfive minutes before the application of cm patients were randomized and received either theophylline mgkg body wt or the vehicle and PL saline intravenously in a blinded manner we additionally measured the creatinine clearance on the day before and two days T3 cm application sodium excretion nacetylbetaglucosaminidase nag excretion plasma renin activity pra and aldosterone levels were also measured before and T3 cm application theophylline levels were within the therapeutic range in patients of the theophylline group during and four hours after cm application mumolliter and mumolliter gfr measured by inulin clearance significantly declined under cm application in patients without tp application n to mlmin m p in the group of patients receiving theophylline n the gfr remained constant vs mlmin mabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
methoxynndimethyltryptamine meodmt an abused serotonergic indolealkylamine drug was placed into schedule i controlled substance status in the united states as of january in previous studies we have shown the impact of MAO-A a and CYP2D6 enzymes on meodmt metabolism and pharmacokinetics the aim of this T0 was to investigate meodmt pharmacokinetic properties after intravenous or intraperitoneal administration of three different doses and mgkg to cypdhumanized tgcypd and wildtype control mice systemic exposure area under the curve auc to meodmt was increased nonproportionally with the increase in dose the existence of nonlinearity in SS meodmt pharmacokinetics was clearly manifested by dosenormalized auc values which were approximately to fold intravenous and to fold intraperitoneal higher in wildtype or tgcypd mice dosed with and mgkg meodmt respectively than those in mice treated with mgkg meodmt furthermore a twocompartment MM including firstorder absorption nonlinear michaelismenten elimination and cypddependent linear elimination from the V1 was developed to characterize the intravenous and intraperitoneal pharmacokinetic data for meodmt in wildtype and tgcypd mice in addition meodmt was readily detected in mouse brain after drug treatment and BB meodmt concentrations were also increased nonproportionally with the increase of dose the results establish a nonlinear pharmacokinetic property for meodmt in mice suggesting that the risk of meodmt intoxication may be increased nonproportionally at higher doses | MEDAL |
the human genetic disorder ataxiatelangiectasia at is characterized by immunodeficiency progressive cerebellar ataxia radiosensitivity Tc checkpoint defects and CA predisposition the gene mutated in this syndrome atm for at mutated encodes a protein containing a phosphatidylinositol kinase pi kinaselike domain atm also contains a prolinerich region and a leucine zipper both of which implicate this protein in signal transduction the PRR has been shown to bind to the sh domain of cabl which facilitates its phosphorylation and activation by atm previous results have demonstrated that at cells are defective in the gs checkpoint G1 after radiation damage and that this defect is attributable to a defective p signal transduction pathway we report here direct interaction between atm and p involving two regions in atm one at the amino terminus and the other at the carboxy terminus corresponding to the pi KD recombinant atm protein phosphorylates p on serine near the n terminus furthermore ectopic expression of atm in at cells restores normal ionizing radiation irinduced phosphorylation of p whereas expression of atm antisense rna in control cells abrogates the rapid irinduced phosphorylation of p on serine these results demonstrate that atm can bind p directly and is responsible for its serine phosphorylation thereby contributing to the activation and stabilization of p during the irinduced dna damage response | MEDAL |
the clinical and pathological findings in a patient with lockedin syndrome caused by a solitary pontine PA are reported for the first time successful treatment of brainstem abscess rests on early and accurate diagnosis | MEDAL |
the efficacy of five therapeutic regimens using aminohydroxypropylidene bisphosphonate apd or pamidronate was assessed in patients with PDB these regimens were as follows a pamidronate mgday given orally during six months b iv infusion of mg daily for days c iv infusion of mg daily for days d iv infusion of mg daily for days and e a single iv infusion of mg six months after the initiation of therapy urinary excretion of hydroxyproline and serum ALP phosphatase activity expressed as percent of their initial value were group a mean se and group b and group c and group d and and group e and respectively oral route was accompanied by digestive intolerance on the contrary except for rare and transient flulike syndromes the iv treatment was not associated with any serious secondary effect intravenous infusion of pamidronate mg for days or mg for days appears as an interesting alternative to the oral route in the treatment of pagets PD | MEDAL |
we examined the prevalence of diabetes and investigated the characteristics of subjects diagnosed by the american diabetes association and the world health organization criteria | MEDAL |
previous studies performed in jaw muscles of rabbits and rats have demonstrated that sympathetic outflow may affect the activity of muscle spindle afferents msas the resulting impairment of msa information has been suggested to be involved in the genesis and spread of chronic muscle pain the present T0 was designed to investigate sympathetic influences on muscle spindles in feline trapezius and splenius muscles trsp as these muscles are commonly affected by chronic pain in humans experiments were carried out in cats anesthetized with alphachloralose the effect of electrical stimulation hz for s or hz for min of the peripheral stump of the cervical sympathetic nerve csn was investigated on the discharge of trsp msas units classified as ialike and iilike and on their responses to sinusoidal stretching of these muscles in some of the experiments the local microcirculation of the muscles was monitored by LDF in total msas were recorded stimulation of the csn at hz powerfully depressed the mean discharge rate of the majority of the tested msas and also affected the sensitivity of msas to sinusoidal changes of muscle length which were evaluated in terms of amplitude and phase of the sinusoidal fitting of unitary activity the amplitude was significantly reduced in ialike units and variably affected in iilike units while in general the phase was affected little and not changed significantly in either group the discharge of a smaller percentage of tested units was also modulated by hz csn stimulation blockade of the NM junctions by pancuronium did not induce any changes in msa responses to csn stimulation showing that these responses were not secondary to changes in extrafusal or fusimotor activity further data showed that the sympathetically induced modulation of msa discharge was not secondary to the concomitant reduction of muscle blood flow induced by the stimulation hence changes in sympathetic outflow can modulate the afferent signals from muscle spindles through an action exerted directly on the spindles independent of changes in blood flow it is suggested that such an action may be one of the mechanisms mediating the ON of chronic muscle pain in these muscles in humans | MEDAL |
this T0 was designed to examine the effects of a solutionfocused group counseling program on the family burden AS coping expressed emotion and family support in schizophrenic patients and their families | MEDAL |
preclinical studies suggested that aclidinium and glycopyrronium might have a faster ON of action than tiotropium in this T0 we assessed the onset of action of aclidinium and glycopyrronium versus tiotropium all administered at the approved clinical doses in patients with moderatetosevere chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd and in human isolated bronchi by using different concentrations sixteen copd patients inhaled single doses of aclidinium µg glycopyrronium μg and tiotropium µg and fev was measured to assess their ON of action in human isolated bronchi the time to evoke half maximal relaxation of transmural stimulation was tested from nm to µm for each drug nine eight and twelve patients did not achieve increase of fev T3 inhalation of aclidinium glycopyrronium and tiotropium respectively aclidinium ±min and glycopyrronium ±min enhanced fev more rapidly than tiotropium ±min with no significant difference p in isolated airways glycopyrronium elicited a dosedependent onset of action nm ±min nm ±min μm ±min that was faster compared to that induced by aclidinium μm ±min and tiotropium μm ±min p that halved the contractile tone only at the highest concentration bronchodilation induced by aclidinium and glycopyrronium was faster than that induced by tiotropium but since our analysis was restricted to the acute effect of these lamas and the inhaled doses were not isoeffective the real differences in their impact on the ON of bronchodilation will be definitely determined after a LT challenge of these treatments at isoeffective doses in copd patients | MEDAL |
geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase from rat CL was separated from farnesyl CPS the most abundant and widely occurring prenyltransferase by deaetoyopearl column chromatography the enzyme catalyzed the formation of eeegeranylgeranyl diphosphate v from IPP ii and dimethylallyl diphosphate i GPP iii or farnesyl diphosphate iv with relative E/A of azageranylgeranyl diphosphate vii designed as a transitionstate analog for the geranylgeranyl CPS reaction was synthesized and found to act as a TPS inhibitor for this synthase but not for farnesyl diphosphate synthase diphosphate v and its zeeisomer vi also inhibited geranylgeranyl CPS but the effect was not as striking as that of the aza analog vii TPS inhibition of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase by vii was also observed in experiments with g supernatants of rat brain and CL homogenates which contained isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase and prenyltransferases including farnesyl diphosphate synthase as well as geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase for farnesylprotein transferase from rat brain however the aza compound did not show a stronger GABA effect than eeegeranylgeranyl diphosphate | MEDAL |
we performed a PET respiratory examination which consisted of arterial gasometry spirometry diffusion capacity to co alveoloarterial gradient of o and pulmonary volumes to patients with cirrhosis diagnosed by clinical PH laboratory exams ABD ultrasound and histology our results showed a slight obstructive DP of peripheric airways fmm in the spirometry no difference in arterial gases at upright and recumbent position was observed with low values of apo upright and mmhg recumbent without statistic significance the gradient gaa o increased to mmhg besides there was a DWI abnormality with a dlcova of PLB o did not NC the gradient which allows us to postulate the existence of an abnormality of gaseous interchange due to shunts we found no relationship between Al levels and dlcovo neither with po in upright position there was a relationship at recumbent position between the hepatic disorder and the arterial desaturation we concluded that there is no significant hypoxia even with position changes there is increase of g aa o by shunt type disorders and that this is probably related with albumin C2 | MEDAL |
the complex infection process of parvoviruses is not well understood so far an important role has been attributed to a phospholipase a domain which is located within the unique n terminus of the capsid protein vp based on the structural difference between adenoassociated virus type wildtype capsids and capsids lacking vp or vp we show via electron cryomicroscopy that the n termini of vp and vp are involved in forming globules inside the capsids of empty and full particles upon limited heat shock vp and possibly vp become exposed on the outsides of full but not empty capsids which is correlated with the disappearance of the globules in the inner surfaces of the capsids using molecular modeling we discuss the constraints on the PR of the globularly organized vpunique n termini through the channels at the fivefold symmetry axes outside of the capsid | MEDAL |
obstructive SAS osas represents a frequent and common NMRD characterized by repeated episodes of complete andor partial one of upper airways during sleep normally associated with reduction of oxygen saturation in blood the oral appliances oas are considered to be an ERP treatment modality thanks to the upper airway enlargement lateral cephalometry has been used for the dimensional DUE of upper airway form with several limits we obtained an accurate dimensional d volume analyses with cone beam computed tomography cbct scans to confirm the effects of oa on the upper airway in patients with osas ten italian patients with moderate or severe osa males and females ± years of age and bmi ± who cannot tolerate continuous positive air pressure therapy and rejected a surgical RPA were treated with nonadjustable customized oas and evaluated with cbct and polysomnography upper airway form was examined in the presence and absence of oa and the volume was measured and compared in different Az specific planes have been considered to match the data and calculate the benefit obtained with therapy nine out of ten patients showed an improvement of total upper airway volume and an improvement in apneahypopnea index volume increased both in the posterior soft palate region and in the posterior tongue region in the VPI area we observed greater differences d image reconstruction accurately confirmed morphological changes in the upper airway during oa therapy the use of this d DUE is expected to improve the results of oa therapy in the future | MEDAL |
anterior tibial translation was measured in both knees using the radiological lachman test and the lateral monopodal stance tests in patients with unilateral ACL AL acl rupture measurements of translation in the medial compartment were more useful than those in the lateral compartment measurement of ATT in the medial compartment using the radiological lachman test showed acl rupture in of cases compared with for the lateral monopodal stance test in normal and in aclruptured knees the monopodal stance test showed that every degrees increase in posterior inclination of the tibial plateau was associated with a mm increase in ATT the radiological lachman test showed a mm increase for every degrees increase in tibial Mw | MEDAL |
home PCS play an integral role in promoting independence reducing hospital admission and readmission rates and preventing or delaying nursing home admission among older adults despite important sex differences in FS and use of services by recipients of HC differences in home care performance measures by sex have not been examined | MEDAL |
bioethanol and enzymes were produced from fiber sludges through sequential microbial cultivations after a first simultaneous saccharification and fermentation ssf with yeast the bioethanol concentrations of sulfate and sulfite fiber sludges were and gl respectively the second ssf which included fresh fiber sludges and recycled yeast and enzymes from the first ssf resulted in ethanol concentrations of gl for sulfate fiber sludge and gl for sulfite fiber sludge aspergillus niger carrying the endoglucanaseencoding celb gene of trichoderma reesei was grown in the spent fiber sludge hydrolysates the cellulase MICs obtained with spent hydrolysates of sulfate and sulfite fiber sludges were and nkatml respectively the high cellulase activities produced by using stillage and the significant ethanol concentrations produced in the second ssf suggest that onsite enzyme production and recycling of enzyme are realistic concepts that warrant further attention | MEDAL |
we have previously shown that a heatstable component of russells viper venom rvv releases gh in a dosedependent manner from cultured rat anterior pituitary cells we have now investigated the intracellular mechanisms involved in rvvstimulated gh PR by concomitant administration of rvv with known intracellular mediators in rat pituitary cells isobutylmethylxanthine ibmx mmoll added to cultured rat anterior PIT cells of coronary events in both hypertensive and normotensive patients however heart rates tend to be higher in HT left VVI hypertrophy combined with hypertension increases the risk of coronary HR disease an elevated level of fibrinogen increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in both hypertensive and normotensive patients though the risk is greater at higher blood pressures cardiovascular risk profiles have been constructed to identify patients at high risk | MEDAL |
the effect of two dialysate buffer basesacetate and bicarbonate on lipid profile in chronic renal failure was studied in nine patients on MHD employing a double crossover method the total cholesterol level and lcat crossover method the total cholesterol level and lcat activity significantly decreased during acetate dialysis compared to bicarbonate dialysis p less than although the hdlcholesterol level remained low during both modalities of dialysis other serum lipids or lipoproteins such as triglycerides free fatty acids phospholipids vldl and ldl showed no manifest variations relevant to the change of the dialysate buffer base likewise the C2 of apoproteins a and c were not significantly affected by the difference of dialysate no evidence was obtained for a more beneficial effect of the BD compared to the acetate bath on lipid metabolism of the dialyzed patients | MEDAL |
the cmyc oncoprotein is a transcription factor involved in cellular transformation we previously found m v blagosklonny et al cancer res that exposure of human skbr breast cancer and lncap prostate CA cells to otetradecanoylphorbolacetate tpa led to a growth arrest associated with the upregulation of the cyclindependent kinase inhibitor pwafcip and the inhibition of cmyc expression we show here that exogenous cmyc inhibits p expression in skbr and lncap cells induced to enter into sphase p expression was not increased from basal levels in tpatreated growtharrested cells a time course T3 infection of tpaarrested cells using a cmycexpressing adenovirus revealed that the inhibition of p expression preceded entry into sphase in contrast T3 infection by efexpressing adenovirus p expression was reduced after the cells entered sphase overexpression of cmyc reduced the levels of endogenous p mrna and transfection of cmyc repressed ppromoter luciferasereporter gene expression the results suggest that the downregulation of p expression may contribute to cmycdependent entry into sphase possibly in situations in which growth arrest is associated with increased p expression | MEDAL |
here we report a detailed procedure for the exact quantification of minute amounts of nucleic acids by competitive pcr this technique entails the coamplification of a target dna or cdna in a biological sample together with a known quantity of a targetspecific standard the competitor which is added exogenously to the sample and is almost MZ to the dna region to be amplified competitive pcr offers the advantage to render the pcr reaction independent of the number of amplification cycles since any intraassay R2 has the same effect on both target and competitor since the final ratio between target and competitor amplification products exactly reflects the initial ratio between the two species and being the amount of added competitor known cPCR allows the determination of the exact number of molecules of target with an accuracy that is still unsurpassed by any other alternative procedure including realtime pcr the protocols described in this chapter cover most of the possible applications of competitive pcr including the quantification of an mrna transcript and the simultaneous determination of multiple targets | MEDAL |
contemporary relational theories in psychoanalysis recognize the fully twoperson nature of the clinical process both patient and therapist bring to the encounter their internal worlds in equal measure each exerting constant influence on the other to create a highly complex relational field from this perspective clinical vignettes should provide the same level of description of the therapists as of the patients contributions to the treatment process it is argued that the body of clinical relational literature in general has not kept up with its rich theoretical contributions this case vignette and discussion both in structure and content is an indepth illustration of the mutual construction of the clinical process clinical material is offered from an D2 phase of analytic treatment during which the therapeutic relationship and so the patients possibilities for growth and NC shifted from seeming stasis and impasse into new realms of experience of self and others the authors intent is to demonstrate with specificity the ways in which the experiential worlds of patient and therapist collide and influence each other to create the intersubjectins reduced the incidence of azoxymethane aominduced colon PT in rats to obtain insights into these effects global mRNA profiles of colons from rats with lifetime ingestion of casein cas control diet soy protein isolate spi and whey protein hydrolysate wph diets were determined | MEDAL |
spontaneous recanalization of an acutely occluded ICA artery ica is an important phenomenon the NK history and incidence of which have been incompletely studied although conventional catheter arteriography remains the gold standard for distinguishing total arterial occlusion from hairline residual lumen ct angiography cta is able to make this distinction noninvasively and more sensitively than either unenhanced mr angiography or ultrasound the purpose of this report is to raise awareness of spontaneous recanalization and to demonstrate the possible use of cta in following up cases of ica occlusion | MEDAL |
sirna is a powerful tool to control cellular processes at the posttranscriptional level however its therapeutic potential is limited because of low stability in biological fluids and the lack of simple and efficient delivery systems chemical modification of sirna could be used to increase its intracellular delivery but may affect its specific activity to overcome these obstacles we suggest a simple and ERP system capable of stabilization delivery and subsequent release of free AS sirna within cells with this in mind we reversibly modified the dsDNA gfpsirna with a phosphothioethanol pe portion via the reducible disulfide bond and incorporated the resulting sirnasspe conjugate in nanosized pegpe micelles in the mixed sirnasspepegpe micelles obtained sirna was wellprotected against degradation by nucleases for at least h and was released easily from these NPs in free form in the presence of glutathione gsh at a concentration mimicking the intracellular C2 in gfpc EC cells mixed gfpsirnasspepegpe micelles downregulate the gfp production fold more effectively than free sirna in addition sirnacontaining micelles showed none of the cytotoxic side effects typical for sirna delivery systems that are based on electrostatic association of sirna with cationic carriers thus a reversible sirnaphospholipid conjugate formulated into mixed micelles with pegpe can be an ERP nontoxic system for stabilization and delivery of sirna | MEDAL |
mental and perceptual motor performance has been reported to be impaired during hypergravity current research has focused on physiological explanations eg deficient proprioceptive feedback and neglected psychophysiological effects eg arousal emotion cognitive engagement this study aims at localising changes in brain cortical activity by using a distributed source localisation algorithm sloreta to model the probable neural generators of changes in scalp Vc under HG conditions brain cortical activity was measured by eeg before during and T3 exposure to three time terrestrial gravity gz on ten naive subjects aged years changes in eeg activity were localised using standardised low resolution brain EM tomography sloreta for alpha hz alpha hz beta hz beta hz and gamma hz MICs individual concentrations of blood cortisol and perceived psychological CS were related to changes in cortical current density an increase in alpha activity occurred in the right inferior FL beta activity was found to be increased in the limbic lobe during gz post acceleration alpha and beta activities declined in FC temporal and limbic lobes changes in blood cortisol concentrations and perceived strain showed a clear relationship to changes in right sided FC alpha activity we conclude that FC activity duon the xpd aspasn and lysgln polymorphisms with bladder CA development reported conflicting results a metaanalysis from eligible CA casecontrol studies was performed to assess potential associations in total eight studies were used with a fixed effects MM or a random effects MM to estimate the odds ratio or for xpd polymorphisms and occurrence of bladder cancer the overall risk for the variant homozygote asnasn and genotype aspasn asnasn of aspasn polymorphism showed a significant rho with increased TCC occurrence compared to wild genotype aspasp or ci for asnasn vs aspasp or ci for aspasn asnasn vs aspasp in contrast no significant association with elevated risk of TCC was found for lysgln polymorphism in the stratification analysis there was no significant association between increased risk of TCC in the xpd polymorphisms among caucasians similarly xpd polymorphisms did not show a significant increased risk among neversmokers or eversmokers this metaanalysis suggested that the xpd aspasn but not lysgln polymorphism may be more genetically susceptible to TCC development further studies based on larger populations and geneenvironment interactions are needed to determine the role of xpd polymorphisms in bladder CA risk | MEDAL |
during the last two decades the resurgence of tuberculosis tb has been documented in both developed and developing nations and much of this increase in tb burden coincided with HIV virus hiv epidemics since then the disease DP has changed with a higher incidence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis eptb as well as disseminated tb eptb cases include tb lymphadenitis pleural tb tb meningitis osteoarticular tb GU tb ABD tb cutaneous tb ocular tb tb pericarditis and breast tb although any organ can be involved diagnosis of eptb can be baffling compelling a high index of suspicion owing to paucibacillary load in the biological specimens a negative smear for acidfast bacilli lack of granulomas on histopathology and failure to culture mycobacterium tuberculosis do not exclude the diagnosis of eptb novel diagnostic modalities such as NAA naa can be useful in varied forms of eptb this review is primarily focused on the diagnosis of several clinical forms of eptb by PCR reaction pcr using different gene targets | MEDAL |
lacosamide lcm is a novel anticonvulsant that modulates voltagedependent sodium channels although it is known to cause a slight dosedependent prolongation of the pr interval on the ecg thirddegree atrioventricular av block has been described as an adverse event in only a few patients participating in diabetic NP studies and in no patient with epilepsy we describe an year old patient with decreased renal function and taking two other negative dromotropic agents who accidentally received two intravenous boli of mg lcm within hours she had a normal pq interval before and T3 the first dose of lcm and developed a reversible complete av block approximately T2 T3 the second bolus we conclude that particular caution must be exercised when using very high doses of lcm in patients with significant cardial and renal risk factors | MEDAL |
moraxella catarrhalis is an important pathogen in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease copd while m catarrhalis has been categorized as an extracellular bacterium so far the potential to invade human respiratory epithelium has not yet been explored our results obtained by electron and confocal microscopy demonstrated a considerable potential of m catarrhalis to invade bronchial epithelial beasb cells type ii pneumocytes a and primary small airway epithelial cells saec moraxella invasion was dependent on cellular microfilament as well as on bacterial viability and characterized by macropinocytosis leading to the formation of lamellipodia and engulfment of the invading organism into macropinosomes thus indicating a triggerlike uptake mechanism in addition the cells examined expressed tlr as well as nod a recently found cytosolic protein implicated in the intracellular recognition of bacterial cell wall components importantly inhibition of tlr or nod expression by rnai significantly reduced the m catarrhalisinduced il secretion the role of tlr and nod was further confirmed by overexpression assays in hek cells overall m catarrhalis may employ lung epithelial cell invasion to colonize and to infect the RT nonetheless the bacteria are recognized by cell surface tlr and the intracellular surveillance molecule nod | MEDAL |
intracellular electrophysiological studies were performed on isolated canine cardiac tissues to investigate further the reported ability of clofilium x m to selectively increase action potential duration apd and refractoriness in PF from normal dogs clofilium did not influence the rate of rise of the action potential vmax elicited from normal or depolarized mm potassium resting potentials the vmax of premature potentials elicited during the repolarization phase of a previous action potential or the rate of DD of spontaneously firing PF the diastolic interval was altered by inserting a single premature impulse during diastole or by varying the basic cycle length clofilium x m slightly reduced the TC for the relation between DI and apd in concentrations that caused a maximal increase in apd of nonpremature impulses in dogs subjected to occlusion of the left anterior descending PD hr before study the apd of surviving PF was longer in the infarcted zone than in the normal zone clofilium x m increased apd in both zones but more so in the normal Az thus reducing the disparity of apd between zones similarly clofilium x and x m increased the effective refractory period in both zones but more so in the normal area the increase of apd and refractoriness in normal as well as depolarized or ICM tissues in the absence of marked changes in vmax and conduction may decrease the likelihood of reentrant arrhythmias and underlie the antifibrillatory effects in anesthetized dogs | MEDAL |
the association between the ACR uacr and target lesion revascularization tlr is unknown in patients who are implanted with drugeluting stents dess or bare metal stents bmss for the treatment of coronary artery disease of japanese patients who were implanted with dess andor bmss during percutaneous coronary MI pci between july and january underwent followup coronary angiography at to months T3 pci were negative for qualitative tests for urine protein patients underwent tlr for severe ISR isr and did not on the next day after admission to the hospital firstmorningvoid spot urine samples were collected to calculate uacr based on urinalysis results pearsons productmoment correlation coefficients indicated positive associations of uacr with late loss as assessed by quantitative coronary analysis in the overall cohort r p the des subgroup r p and the bms subgroup r p the incidence of multivessel lesions was significantly higher p in the tlr group uacr was significantly higher p in the tlr group ± mggcr than in the control group ± mggcr multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed uacr odds ratio confidence interval p to be associated with tlr uacr was suggested to be a potential predictor of tlr required for severe isr after pci with coronary stents | MEDAL |
this T0 was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary CO as a mediumchain fatty acid mcfa source on performance carcass composition and serum lipids in male broilers a total of onedayold male arbor acres broilers were randomly allotted to of treatments with each treatment being applied to replicates of chicks the BD ie r was based on corn and soybean meal and was supplemented with soybean oil during the starter phase d to and soybean oil during the grower phase d to four exp diets were formulated by replacing or of the soybean oil with coconut oil ie r r r and r soybean oil and CO were used as sources of longchain fatty acid and mcfa respectively the feeding trial showed that dietary coconut oil had no effect on WG FI or feed conversion on d serum levels of total cholesterol lowdensity VLDL and lowdensity lipoproteinhighdensity lipoprotein cholesterol were linearly decreased as the CO level increased p lipoprotein lipase hepatic lipase and total lipase MICs were linearly increased as the CO level increased p abdominal fat weighteviscerated weight p intermuscular fat width p and subcutaneous FT p showed a significant quadratic relationship with the lowest value at r these results indicated that replacement of of the soybean oil in died a gazecontingent displaychange paradigm the results showed that response latencies in the LDT and reading times on the target word region were longer in the unrelated condition the prime or the preview was unrelated with the target word than the transposedcharacter condition the prime or the preview was a transposition of the characters of the target word which were respectively longer than in the identity condition the prime or preview was MZ to the target word these results show that character order is encoded at an early stage of processing in chinese reading but character position encoding was not strict we also found that character order encoding was similar for singlemorpheme and multiplemorpheme words suggesting that morphemic status does not affect character order encoding the current results represent an early contribution to our understanding of character order encoding during chinese reading | MEDAL |
we have studied formalin fixed paraffinwax embedded tissue from medulloblastomas collected over years nondesmoplastic and desmoplastic with kp and mac two monoclonal antimonocytesmacrophage mms antibodies recommended for use on paraffin wax embedded tissue in nondesmoplastic medulloblastomas outside Az of necrosis mms were detected in of cases with kp and with mac mms were seen in of desmoplastic medulloblastomas with both antibodies semiquantitative assessment revealed that on average desmoplastic PT had at least three times as many infiltrating mms as nondesmoplastic PT there was no significant difference in the findings with the two antibodies or between recently embedded and older PT the findings may be indicative of the presence of a host mms immune response in medulloblastoma which may be more accentuated in desmoplastic MBs furthermore we conclude that these antibodies are quite suitable for the T0 of infiltrating mms thus lessening but not obviating the need for frozen tissue for immunohistological studies | MEDAL |
postinfarction VVI aneurysms may be either true or false each with apparently definite diagnostic criteria on imaging techniques we present the case of a yearold male admitted to our hospital weeks T3 an acute anterior myocardial infarction for progressive exertional dyspnea TTE demonstrated a large cystic cavity cm in diameter communicating with the LVs apex through an orifice of cm diastolic diameter the echocardiographic diagnosis was of a C1 saccular aneurysm CV confirmed the existence of a C1 cavity connected to the apex of the LV cm in diameter with sluggish flow of contrast within it and features suggestive of PA the patient was referred for surgery because of continued PS and a preoperative diagnosis of either a large VVI aneurysm or pseudoaneurysm at the time of surgery a true aneurysm was found we present this case because the rarity of a saccular configuration of a postinfarction LVA because of the unusual large size of it and to point on the possible disagreement between the conclusions of imaging modalities in differentiating a true from a false aneurysm | MEDAL |
with use of monoclonal antibodies moabs m and oc a CS sandwich immunoradiometric assay irma for ca ii was developed ca antigen was adsorbed by moab oc and m but horseradish peroxidaselabelled oc did not compete with m indicating that although these two moabs recognized ca antigen they reacted with separate antigenic determinants we also demonstrate that the dual capture technique with oc and m antibodies has a larger dynamic range than oc CT this could potentially increase the sensitivity in terms of low ca C2 fortysix patients with OC before therapy and a further cases during followup were evaluated for the presence of two SS tumor markers ca ii and ca the overall positive rate for ca ii was compared with with ca SS ca ii levels were closely correlated with SS ca levels r the mean ca ii C2 before treatment at response and at recurrence were and uml respectively normalization of serum ca ii C2 at response does not imply absence of microscopic RD ca ii changes during followup suggest recurrence and can be used to monitor individual patients | MEDAL |
the prognosis of T3 M1 melanoma american joint committee on CA ajcc stage iv remains dismal with a year survival rate of in the present study an integrated maldi mass spectrometric approach combined with artificial neural networks anns analysis and modeling has been used for the ID of biomarker ions in SS from stage iv melanoma patients allowing the discrimination of M1 disease from healthy status with high specificities of for protein ions and for peptide biomarkers our anns MM also correctly classified of a blind validation set of ajcc stage i melanoma samples as nonstage iv samples emphasizing the SP of the newly defined biomarkers to identify patients with latestage metastatic melanoma CS analysis identified peptides derived from metastasisassociated proteins alpha acid glycoprotein precursor aag and C3 component precursor cccp furthermore quantitation of serum aag by an immunoassay showed a significant p increase in aag serum concentration in stage iv patients in comparison with healthy volunteers moreover the quantity of aag plotted against maldims PI classified the groups into two distinct clusters ongoing studies of other disease stages will provide evidence whether our strategy is sufficiently robust to give rise to stagespecific proteinpeptide signatures in melanoma | MEDAL |
to determine if inspiratory capacity ic assessment could be useful for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd patient management in the PC setting | MEDAL |
we report a patient with congenital muscular dystrophy cmd developmental BB defects and peripheral neuropathy marked hypotonia and plagiocephaly were noted at birth failure to thrive generalized muscle weakness and wasting absent deep tendon reflexes PS and AA microcephaly developed BB mri showed a C1 area of cortical dysplasia a thin but complete CC and diffuse ventriculomegaly nerve conduction velocities were slow and creatine kinase levels only mildly elevated muscle biopsy showed dystrophic features with normal merosin sarcoglycan and dystrophin IS the japanese fukuyama cmd founder mutation was not detected this is the first report of a patient with merosinpositive cmd cobblestone lissencephaly and demyelinating IP neuropathy | MEDAL |
lymphokineactivated killer cells were generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with liver tumorordant lloop in there was a high incidence of associated TGA patients or doubleoutlet RA IVT segmental combination was unpredictable dloop being associated with lposition of the great arteries in of patients and lloop being associated with dposition of the great arteries in of there were only concordant ventriculoarterial connections frequently associated anomalies included ventricular septal defect patients atrioventricular valve malformations subaortic conus and pulmonary outflow tract stenosis or atresia crisscross hearts were present in only patients | MEDAL |
in the noninvasive detection of markers of disease mass spectrometry is able to detect small quantities of volatile markers in exhaled air however the problem of size expense and immobility of conventional mass spectrometry equipment has restricted its use now a smaller less expensive portable quadrupole mass spectrometer system has been developed helicobacter pylori has been implicated in the OD of chronic gastritis gastric and DU ulcers and GC | MEDAL |
to detect serum hepatomaspecific datura stramonium lectintightly IB gammaglutamyl transferase dsaggt in patients with primary hepatic cancer phc by avidinbiotin elisa method which was established in our laboratory and carry on a T0 of its clinical application | MEDAL |
acute anterior SCI is a rare but disastrous complication of endovascular aortic procedures although intravenous thrombolysis with rt-PA is an ERP treatment for acute BB ischemia its use for the treatment of SCI has not previously been reported we report the case of a patient who developed anterior spinal cord ischemia during diagnostic aortography he was treated with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator within hours T3 the onset of PS the patient had a rapid neurologic improvement and was discharged from the hospital days T3 thrombolysis regaining his ability to walk unassisted we propose that acute SCI can be treated with intravenous rt-PA within hours T3 the ON of PS as can any other case of AIS | MEDAL |
diverticular disease is common and of increasing medical and economical importance various practice guidelines on diagnostic and treatment on this disease exist we compared current guidelines on the disease in order to identify concordant and discordant recommendations | MEDAL |
a yearold hispanic man with a right atrial intracardiac mass diagnosed as diffuse large bcell lymphoma dlbcl was successfully treated with surgery and chemotherapy during years several totalbody positron emission tomography and mri scans showed no extracardiac lymphoma on year after the CS patient presented with sleepiness hyperphagia memory loss confabulation PSD and diabetes insipidus brain mri showed a single hypothalamic recurrence of the original lymphoma that responded to highdose methotrexate treatment correction of diabetes insipidus improved alertness but amnesia and cognitive deficits persisted including incapacity to read and write this case illustrates two unusual locations of dlbcl primary cardiac lymphoma and hypothalamus we emphasise the importance of third ventricle tumours as causing amnesia confabulation behavioural changes alexiaagraphia endocrine disorders and alterations of the CR of wakefulnesssleep secondary to lesions of TPS hypothalamic nuclei and disruption of hypothalamicthalamic circuits | MEDAL |
this study examined whether working memory processes for object and spatial information are associated with different patterns of erp activity subjects performed two versions of a DMS task in which either object forms or twodimensional spatial configurations s had to be encoded and retained in working SM for ms for comparison with a subsequent stimulus s eventrelated potentials erps were recorded from electrode CS in the ss interval negative slow wave activity in the erp varied with both the type of SM task and the amount of materials held in working SM when spatial information was maintained in WM negative slow wave activity rapidly rose at recording sites overlying posterior parietal and occipital cortical areas at these recording sites slow wave increased in amplitude with increasing spatial SM load for object information loadsensitive negative slow wave activity was obtained approximately ms later than in the spatial task and it was focused to midfrontal recording CS moreover in the object SM task more pronounced negative slow wave activity was found at right IT recording CS indicating a larger involvement of the RA temporal lobe in the processing of object as compared to spatial information the results provide evidence for the notion that encoding and retention processes for object information and for spatial information can be functionally dissociated and involve differential patterns of neuronal activation rapidly shifting in time | MEDAL |
pulmonary hypertension is an important determinant of the clinical presentation of and surgical approach to patients with HR disease to confirm the utility of CWD echocardiography in assessing the pulmonary i.a. Pd in patients with pulmonary regurgitation patients representing the wide hemodynamic spectrum of pulmonary artery pressure underwent simultaneous determination of pulmonary artery diastolic pressure by continuous wave doppler echocardiography and cardiac catheterization pulmonary i.a. diastolic pressure was estimated from the doppler recordings by the EDV pressure gradient obtained by the modified bernoulli equation plus the estimated right atrial pressure a rho was observed r see mmhg between doppler and catheterization pulmonary i.a. Pd in addition comparison between the mean Pd gradient across the pulmonary valve by doppler and pulmonary artery Pd at catheterization yielded a high rho r see mmhg these data demonstrate that continuous PWD echocardiography is a useful noninvasive technique for evaluating the pulmonary artery diastolic pressure in patients with PR | MEDAL |
the computed tomography ct of skeletal muscles was performed on patients with MMD myd we have sliced at seven C2 those are neck levelat the level of thyroid cartilage shoulder girdle levelat the level of upper edge of sternum upper arm levelat the level of middle of upper arm abdominal levelat the level of l vertebra pelvic girdle levelat the level of middle inguinal AL thigh levelat the level of middle of thigh lower leg levelat the maximum size level of lower leg the characteristic changes of myd are the SCM muscles are most severely affected and the paravertebral and straight abdominal muscles also tend to be severely atrophied with lower ct density concerning thigh levels the deeply located muscles and muscles for extension are predominantly affected at the lower leg levels the calf muscles are severely affected the muscles of levator scapulae TR psoas major iliopsoas gluteus and tibialis posterior tend to be preserved in the tight the compensatory hypertrophy is observed often in the rectus femoris muscles and rarely in the gracilis muscles with the involvements of the agonist muscles it might be also important to examine the changes of muscles as a whole and to know the grade of atrophy for planning the life style the ct examination would be recommended by this standpoint | MEDAL |
these experiments were initiated to determine if differences exist in the vasculature of individual follicles in the Rh monkey ovary during the late follicular phase of the MC and to determine whether differences in vascularity result in differential SE of certain follicles to GTH hormones the density of blood vessels within the thecal layer of the dominant follicle and other antral follicles was determined in ovaries from four animals removed on day or of the menstrual cycle blood vessels were identified using a histochemical stain for hemoglobin morphometric analysis indicated that the percentage of the thecal layer occupied by blood vessels in the dominant follicles was significantly greater p less than than that of other smaller antral follicles either within the same ovary as the dominant F2 or in the CL ovary to determine if differences in vascularity result in a differential supply of gonadotropins to the dominant follicle we studied by autoradiography the in vivo and in vitro IB of ihcg in four Rh monkeys on day of the menstrual cycle results of in vitro binding studies indicated that the thecal layer of virtually every antral F2 possessed hcgbinding CS however when ihcg was injected iv into animals and allowed to distribute via the vasculature the DF was heavily labeled while other smaller antral follicles accumulated little if any radioiodinated hcg these observations indicate that increased vascularization of individual follicles results in preferential delivery of gonadotropins and suggest that blood flow to individual follicles may play an instrumental role in the selective maturation of the preovulatory follicle in the Rh monkey | MEDAL |
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