text
stringlengths 10
10.1k
| source
stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|
methylbenzylidenecamphor mbc is an organic sunscreen that protects against uv radiation and may therefore help in the prevention of skin CA recent results on the estrogenicity of mbc have raised concerns about a potential of mbc to act as an endocrine disruptor here we investigated the direct interaction of mbc with estrogen receptor er alpha and erbeta in a series of studies including receptor binding er TA and functional tests in human and rat cells mbc induced ALP phosphatase activity a surrogate marker for estrogenic activity in human endometrial ishikawa cells interestingly mbc induced weakly eralpha and with a higher potency erbeta mediated transactivation in ishikawa cells at doses more than microm but showed no distinct binged as a preferred therapeutic agent for the treatment of rheumatoid ICA as compared to other nsaids celecoxib has recently been the subject of criticism for its side effects mainly arterial thrombosis and renal hemorrhage although it is considered a superior drug in protecting the gastrointestinal tract in the present study we report that CEL not only inhibited cox but also exhibited the property of inhibiting adenylyl cyclase an important enzyme forming the intracellular second messenger adenosine monophosphate camp from adenosine triphosphate atp celecoxib also inhibited cholera toxinstimulated camp formation which indicated its ability to permeate cell CM in order to reach intracellular adenylyl cyclase it inhibited in vitro adenylyl cyclase activity in both human colonic epithelial cells and purified aca from bordetella pertussis the ic of celecoxib for b pertussis aca was calculated to be mm lineweaverburk analysis showed that the type of enzyme inhibition was competitive the apparent km and vm of adenylyl cyclase was calculated as nm and nmolminmg respectively celecoxib changed the km value to nm without affecting the vmax the current study suggests that apart from inflammation CEL therapy could be further extended to diseases involving camp upregulation either by endogenous reactions or exogenous agents these new data showing inhibition of aca should be considered in CS of the drugs pathological effects or in patients specifically excluded from treatment eg asthmatics | MEDAL |
clinical effects of the opioid antagonist naloxone were investigated in healthy horses naloxone caused a transient increase in the frequency of defecations a softening of the faeces and alterations in the intensity of abdominal borborygmi total serum protein concentrations decreased behavioural changes like frequent yawning and flehmen occurred HR rate decreased and respiratory rate tended to increase but no clinical signs of distress or pain were observed it can be concluded that in healthy animals naloxone had only minor sideeffects and could be used to investigate the physiological functions of endogenous opioids in horses | MEDAL |
the prevalence of gingival overgrowth AA to the administration of cyclosporin cs is currently reported between and depending upon the source information concerning pediatric patients is limited to determine the prevalence of the condition in a population of children pediatric CL or kidney transplant recipients were evaluated for the presence of overgrowth related to cs administration twentytwo exhibited gingival overgrowth chisquare analysis revealed no relationship between the occurrence or severity of overgrowth and transplant type gender age at SPK length of time on cs concurrent medications or any local oral factor examined p a statistically significant association p was found between increased oral debris and the occurrence of gingival overgrowth however this was not thought to be a causative relationship nifedipine a known cause of gingival overgrowth was taken by half of the patients but was not found to statistically influence the occurrence or severity of GO cyclosporin blood C2 were evaluated over time and found to be VL not only between patients but also for individuals no relationship was evident between the blood level and the presence or severity of overgrowth | MEDAL |
the effect of simulated ischemia hypoxia no gl extracellular ph pho on cgmp synthesis induced by stimulation of soluble sgc or pGC pgc was investigated in ARC intracellular cgmp content was measured after stimulation of sgc by SNAP snap or stimulation of pgc by natriuretic peptides urodilatin uro atrial natriuretic peptide anp or ctype natriuretic peptide cnp for min in the presence of phosphodiesterase inhibitors T3 h of SI a decrease of was observed in pgcdependent cgmp synthesis but no significant NC was observed in sgcdependent cgmp synthesis the reduction in cgmp synthesis caused by SI was mimicked by extracellular acidosis pho which decreased pgcmediated cgmp synthesis without altering sgcmediated cgmp synthesis an extreme sensitivity of pgc activity to low ph was also observed in membrane cell fractions hypoxia without acidosis pho profoundly depressed cellular atp content but did not NC the response to snap uro or anp selective agonists of pgc type a receptor only cgmp synthesis in response to cnp a selective agonist of pgc type b receptor was significantly reduced by atp SD these data support the relevance of intracellular ph as a modulator of cgmp anota is SD in wine for at least year | MEDAL |
leaves of plants with crassulacean acid metabolism cam were analyzed for R2 in the content of polyamines in connection with the metabolism of malic acid in the dark and in the CS and with the induction of fullcam activity under conditions long days resulting in extremely low cam activity young leaves of k blossfeldiana have very low content in the polyamineprecursor arginine and in putrescine the content in these two substances was increased dramatically by fullcam induction with short days during the course of the nightday cycle two peaks of putrescine content were observed in leaves of kalanchoe blossfeldiana poelln tom thumb performing fullcam operation a C1 increase occurs toward the end of the day and the first half of the night and its kinetics corresponds to the increase in the rate of malic acid synthesis another peak very sharp appears during the first hours of the day concomitant with the time of PR of malic acid from the vacuole into the cytoplasm in the case of bryophyllum daigremontianum berger similar variations were observed for the content in spermidine these results support the hypothesis that polyamines could be involved in countering the tendency toward acidification of the cytoplasm at those moments of cam T0 at which the local concentration of malic acid is increased ie during active synthesis in the dark and during the efflux from the vacuole in the CS | MEDAL |
in a telephone survey using a standardized questionnaire resident dentists in germany switzerland and austria were interviewed with respect to several aspects of the dental treatment of Pr women only of the interviewees decided clearly in favour of LAs supported the use of analgesics a possible antibiotic therapy and a radiological examination during pregnancy in addition according to references in the specialist literature guidelines for the dental treatment drug therapy and radiological diagnosis of pregnant women are presented the local anaesthetics should have a high plasma protein bonding articain bupivacain etidocain and a minimum adrenaline concentration PAR is the analgesic of choice if an antibiotic treatment is required penicillin cephalosporin and erythromycin are recommended in particular during the first threemonth period radiologh reappeared at the same site T3 years and months three cycles of combined chemotherapy with epirubicin cddp and vincristine led to a regression of the tumor and no distant metastasis was found the tumor was successfully resected with a negative surgical margin it proved to be mfh of sigmoid mesocolon origin the patient has been in good health for years and months after the second T0 without further therapy in cases of mfh such as the present in which the patient is sensitive to chemotherapy neoadjuvant chemotherapy might be ERP in allowing minimal surgery and offering a better quality of life | MEDAL |
previous research has demonstrated that when a CS- is to be ignored the path of motion towards a target saccade or manual reach deviates away from the tobeignored CS- path deviations in saccade and reaching tasks have however been observed in very different situations in the saccade tasks subjects initially attended to a cue then disengaged attention while saccading to a target by contrast in the selective reaching tasks attention was continuously withdrawn from the tobeignored CS- as this was irrelevant throughout the experiment in the two experiments reported here cues similar to those studied in saccade tasks are examined with selective reaching procedures experiment shows that when a coloured lightemitting diode cue upon which subjects engage and then subsequently disengage attention is close to the responding hand the hand deviates away from the cue experiment confirms this cue avoidance by showing that compared with central fixation CT the hand veers away from a central cue these results confirm that the path deviations observed in saccades can also be obtained in manual reaching movements suchexamination should be determined by what is known the equipment available and the age and past PH of the patient in our institution the TA approach is the choice for any nonsexually AS female and the transvaginal approach is the procedure of choice for those females who are emotionally mature and sexually active this review is addressed to the clinicians taking care of the pediatric and adolescent population we wish to stress the importance of the sonographic evaluation as an immediate tool for the evaluation of suspected pelvic pathology gender identity and sexualdevelopment disorders we find it convenient and accurate and feel that in children and young women with such pelvic complaints it should be considered an important step in the diagnostic process | MEDAL |
the principal aims of therapeutic management of the child adolescent and AD with type diabetes are to allow good quality of life and to avoid longterm complications retinopathy neuropathy nephropathy cardiovascular disease etc by maintaining blood gl concentrations close to normal level glycated hemoglobin levels hbac provide a good criterion of overall glycemic control the hvidoere study group hsg on childhood diabetes founded in is an international group representing about twenty highly experienced pediatric centers from europe north america japan and australia four international comparisons of metabolic control have been performed the one center that has consistently had the lowest hbac values approximate or mmolmol is my center in brussels this is more often obtained with a twicedaily freemixed regimen with additional supplemental fast insulins ad hoc the socalled dorchys recipes are summarized the conclusion is that the number of daily insulin injections or ⥠or the use of pumps by itself does not necessarily give better results intensified therapy should not depend upon the number of insulin doses per day by syringe pen or pump but rather should be redefined as to ITT ascertainment ie goals when there are no mutually agreed upon goals for bg andor hbac when there is insufficient education and psychosocial support by the medical team or at home there is likely to be poor outcomes as shown by the hsg one of our recipes is not to systematically replace rapidacting human insulins by fastacting analogues because the multicenter studies of the hsg performed in developed countries without financial restriction show that treatment of childhood diabetes is inadequate in GA and that C2 of hbac are very different diabetes treatment teams should individually explore the reasons for failure without any prejudice or bias any dogmatism must be avoided treatment cost vs results must also be taken into account | MEDAL |
to analyze the characters of down syndrome ds who failed to be diagnosed after prenatal screening and hope to be able to improve the programs of prenatal screening and reduce the missed diagnosis of ds in this multicenter study we collected the missed cases from prenatal diagnosis centers and analyzed their characters a total of ds babies failed to be diagnosed after prenatal screening their mothers accepted the prenatal screening in second trimester we collected the mothers blood and detected the levels of alphafetoprotein afp and the free beta S1 of human chorionic gonadotropin fβhcg by TR fluoroimmunoassay the values were also presented as multiples of the median mom and determined the risk of carrying a fetus with ds by wallace lifecycle elipse analysis software compared with normal control group the level of fβhcg and hcg mom were dramatically increased while afp and afp mom were decreased the area under the receiveroperatingcharacteristic curve of trisomy was for hcgmom and afpmom testing the sensitivity specificity positive predictive value and negative predictive value were and respectively meanwhile the prediction mode was hcgmom afpmom it was worthwhile noting that the risk of ds missed diagnosis group were higher than higher than however cases in normal control group were lower than only mothers would be higher than the value of risk in the prediction mode of hcg mom and afp mom might be able to help us reduce the missed diagnosis it is also necessary to adjust more reasonable range of noninvasive prenatal testing with further clinical researches | MEDAL |
noninvasive and convenient tests to assess pulmonary fibrosis and disease progression in interstitial lung diseases ilds are currently unavailable the EM molecules laminin ln type iv collagen ivc PC iii NT peptide piiinp and hyaluronic acid ha are involved in ild development and progression this study aims to investigate the association of disease progression and serum levels of ln ivc piiinp and ha in patients with ild this retrospective study included patients cases of IPF ipf and cases of CTDs ild ctdild treated in shanghai pulmonary hospital between january and january and healthy controls SS ln ivc piiinp and ha were analyzed by radioimmunoassay data of the percentage of forced vital capacity in the prediction value fvcpred the percentage of diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide in the prediction value dlcopred high resolution computed tomography hrct score and patient mortality were collected serum ln ivc piiinp and ha were significantly increased in the patients with ipf or ctdild compared with the HCs all p and were further elevated in the AE cases all p SS ln ivc piiinp and ha positively correlated with hrct score and negatively correlated with fvcpred and dlcopred significantly in the patients all p the survived patients had significantly lower SS ln ivc piiinp and ha than the dead patients all p SS levels of ln ivc piiinp and ha may reflect ild progression and may be indicators for the severity of ilds | MEDAL |
the facultative intracellular pathogen salmonella enterica resides in a TPS MB compartment termed the salmonellacontaining vacuole scv despite being segregated from access to metabolites in the host cell cytosol salmonella is able to efficiently proliferate within the scv we set out to unravel the nutritional supply of salmonella in the scv with focus on amino acids we studied the availability of amino acids by the generation of auxotrophic strains for alanine asparagine aspartate glutamine and proline in a macrophage cell line raw and an epithelial cell line hela and examined access to extracellular nutrients for nutrition auxotrophies for alanine asparagine or proline attenuated intracellular replication in hela cells while aspartate asparagine or proline auxotrophies attenuated intracellular replication in raw macrophages the different patterns of intracellular attenuation of alanine or aspartateauxotrophic strains support distinct nutritional conditions in hela cells and raw macrophages supplementation of medium with individual amino acids restored the intracellular replication of mutant strains auxotrophic for asparagine proline or glutamine similarly a mutant strain deficient in succinate dehydrogenase was complemented by the extracellular addition of succinate complementation of the intracellular replication of auxotrophic salmonella by external amino acids was possible if bacteria were proficient in the induction of salmonellainduced filaments sifs but failed in a sifdeficient background we propose that the ability of intracellular salmonella to redirect host cell vesicular transport provides access of amino acids to auxotrophic strains and more generally is essential to continuously supply bacteria within the scv with nutrients | MEDAL |
in this study it was found that a hybrid technique sonophotocatalysis is able to degrade a parent organic pollutant methyl orange as well as its byproducts the analysis of products formed during the whole degradation has demonstrated that the ph or the selection of oxidation process sonolysisphotocatalysissonophotocatalysis is able to control the Kd pathway it was shown in the byproducts analysis that the solution ph can alter the amount of each product generated during the sonophotocatalytic degradation it was revealed that the different Kd rates of MO and its products result from the solution ph and the nature of the organic products furthermore a comparison of the data obtained from the oxidation processes on the Kd of the reaction intermediates identified the advantages of the combined system it is concluded that sonophotocatalysis is capable of yielding a more CR and faster mineralization of organic pollutants than the individual processes however as in the degradation of the parent compound the overall mineralization is lower than an additive effect negative synergistic effect | MEDAL |
a case of a solitary metastatic lesion of the talus from an occult histologically confirmed bronchogenic carcinoma is reported clinical radiologic histological and laboratory manifestations are described four months T3 R0 of the talus and consecutive internal and EF of the ankle joint a belowknee amputation was done because of progressive infiltration a review is given on reports in the literature of rare cases of solitary M1 deposits of malignant tumors below knee and elbow this unusual cause of foot pain should be taken into account concerning differential diagnosis in elderly patients a mistake for a septic osteolysis is possible | MEDAL |
a human primary liver CA cell L1 which retains the property of synthesizing hepatitis b surface antigen has been successfully transplanted into nude athymic mice the morphology of the heterotransplanted tumor is similar to that of a welldifferentiated human primary CL cell CA it produces SH b surface antigen but there is no evidence of hepatitis b virion production hepatitis b core antigen is not detected in the plc tissue and serum is negative for hepatitis b e antigen the nude mouse exhibits a resistance to the transplantation of the human primary CL cancer cells which can be modified by sublethal total body irradiation suggesting involvement of an immunologic rejection mechanism the heterotransplanted primary liver cell cancer also produces alphafetoprotein as did the original RT in vivo although this marker was ND during in vitro CC the SS level of alphafetoprotein rises exponentially enabling quantitative DUE of RT growth the human primary CL cell CA in nude mice provides an in vivo MM for determination of RT response to chemotherapeutic agents | MEDAL |
recent investigations using direct microneurographic recordings of msna have provided a substantial amount of new information on the regulation of sympathetic NS control of nonactive skeletal muscle blood flow during exercise in humans some of the new conclusions from these studies discussed in this review include the direction pattern and magnitude of the msna response to exercise depend on the collective influence of a number of factors including the mode isometric or rhythmic intensity and duration of the exercise the size of the contracting MM and possibly the level of conditioning physical training of the exercising muscles the msna response also appears to be tightly coupled with the ON and progression of muscle fatigue at least during sustained isometric contractions increases in msna evoked during exercise with the arms are fairly uniform among different skeletal muscle nerves and these responses correlate strongly with changes in venous plasma norepinephrine concentrations limb V1 resistance and arterial blood pressure thus increases in this neural activity during exercise are associated with the expected physiological responses the msna response to the same level of exercise varies markedly among healthy subjects but appears to be consistent over time within a particular subject the muscle metaboreflex muscle chemoreflex is the primarymechanism by which msna is stimulated during smallmuscle IE in humans in contrast central command has a relatively weak influence on msna during this type of exercise muscle metaboreflexstimulation of msna also occurs during DE but only at or above moderate submaximal intensities ie not during mild exercise muscle metaboreflexevoked increases in msna during exercise are strongly associated with glycogenolysis and the consequent cellular accumulation of hydrogen ions in the contracting muscles sympathoinhibitory cardiopulmonary reflexes do not appear to modulate the msna responses to isometric exercise in the healthy human however arterial baroreflexes exert a potent GABA effect on msna during this form of exercise the mechanisms involved in the regulation of msna during largemuscle dynamic leg exercise is an important topic for future investigations as is the relationship between msna and sympathetic outflow to other regional circulations eg HR viscera skin during various forms of exercise | MEDAL |
the antegrade continent enema procedure was first described in by malone for the treatment of severe fecal neurogenic incontinence in children since then this technique has been successfully carried out in adults as well as in patients with refractory constipation the procedure provides a continent and catheterizable channel generally an appendicostont sinogram blur kernels thereby combining the computational advantages of fourier rebinning with iterative reconstruction using accurate system models the forward projector consists of a 2DE d projector which maps d images into d direct sinograms followed by exact inverse rebinning which maps the d into fully d sinograms the back projector is implemented as the transpose of the forward projector and differs from the true exact rebinning operator in the sense that it does not require reprojection to compute missing line of responses lors we compensate for two types of inaccuracies that arise in a cylindrical pet scanner when using inverse fourier rebinning nonuniform radial sampling and nonconstant oblique angles in the radial direction in a single oblique sinogram we examine the effects of these corrections on sinogram accuracy and reconstructed image quality we evaluate performance of the new projector pair for maximum a posteriori map reconstruction of simulated and in vivo data the new projector results in only a small loss in resolution towards the edge of the fieldofview when compared to the fully d geometric projector and requires an order of magnitude less computation | MEDAL |
T3 hepatitis g virus hgv and gb virus type c gbvc were independently discovered it was determined that they were two isolates of the same virus the hgvgbvc genome CS and organization are closely related to HC virus although hgvgbvc infection is common and frequently persists in humans infection has not been found to be associated with any known disease state because this virus is not associated with acute or chronic SH most people refer to it as gbvc gbvc appears to grow in lymphocytes and not in HCs and presumably this is why the virus does not cause MLD recent studies suggest that gbvc infection in hivpositive people is associated with prolonged survival in vitro cointive to the cultures from the young donors mean age years in old donors overall in vitro cell growth was only of that in young donors in cultures of donors the influence on cell adhesion and growth of the ecmp fibronectin and laminin was assessed by planimetry while ecmp augmented explant adhesion these substances did not enhance keratinocyte growth significantly comparing the influence of autogenous and foetal CS on cell growth no differences were observed in all cultures of the six donors in conclusion the et without additional ecmp coating and with autogenous instead of foetal CS are now used to SC gingival KCs for TE mucosa grafts consequently xenogenous components are avoided being a considerable advantage | MEDAL |
in this randomassignment trial we evaluated the efficacy of using a contingency management cm MI to enhance job acquisition and tenure among participants of a vocational rehabilitation vr program the cm intervention offered participants cash incentives up to for completing tasks related to sobriety and job search and maintenance participants were veterans with comorbid psychiatric disorders and substance dependence who were randomly assigned either to vr only or vr cm relative to participants in the vronly group those in the vr cm group showed more intense job searches and transitioned to competitive employment faster and at higher rates no significant difference was found in job tenure though this may be due to the limited followup period abstinence rates were significantly better in the vr cm group during the first weeks of followup but not significantly different in subsequent followups no relationship was found between relapse and employment these results suggest that rehabilitation outcomes may be enhanced by adding cm to current programming or by restructuring traditional workforpay contingencies to include direct financial rewards for achievement of clinical goals | MEDAL |
the effect of a mixture of nacetylcarnosine and dpantethine mm on uva induced cataract in rats was studied it is shown that instillation of a mixture into the eyes or intraperitoneal i.v. or mgkg inhibit the formation of cataracts starting from nd day of the experiment p T3 which the protective effect of the mixture significantly increases p PUVA significantly p increased the content of waterinsoluble proteins in the lens the use of the mixture of nacetylcarnosine and dpantethine prevented p an increase in the content of waterinsoluble proteins caused by PUVA gel permeation chromatography data showed that in the control group water insoluble proteins consist of fractions kda kda and kda uva irradiation reduced the amount of protein in fraction and increases the amount of protein in the fractions and the use of the mixture of nacetylcarnosine and dpantethine reduced the effects of uva light the authors attribute the effein the state mortality is twice as high for infants of minority races as it is for WG infants | MEDAL |
efferent projections of the lateral septal nucleus ls to the POA area and the hypothalamus were identified in female guinea pigs T3 iontophoretic injection of the anterograde axonal tracer fluororuby tuberoinfundibular ti SN of the POA area and the hypothalamus were retrogradely labeled T3 intracardiac injection of granular blue or fluorogold MCNs of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei were also labeled the double labeling procedure allowed an estimation of the extent of the direct relationship between ls efferents and ti neurons contacts between lateral septal SF and ti cell HB were mainly observed at the lightmicroscopical level in the POA area a group of labeled fibers coursing along the third ventricle established sparse connections with hypothalamic PV ti SN a few appositions was observed in the infundibular arcuate nucleus suggestive of a MSR regulation of ti neurons by a septoarcuate tract close association with labeled MCNs was also noted at the edge of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei the sparse but direct connections between ls and ti neurons may be involved in the neuroendocrine functions of the ls | MEDAL |
survival of critically ill neonates in the intensive ECU has improved over the past decades reflecting improvements in obstetric delivery room and NIC however morbidity remains significant acute kidney injury is a common occurrence in these neonates and despite improved understanding of the pathophysiology and management of acute kidney injury in full term and preterm infants the mortality remains as high as furthermore there is growing evidence that despite recovery from the acute injury these infants are at risk for developing hypertension and chronic kidney disease later in life emphasis on improving our capability to detect renal insult and injury early before renal failure occurs and identification of novel therapeutic agents to prevent and treat acute kidney injury may impact mortality and morbidity this review focuses on our current knowledge of acute kidney injury in the newborn approaches to investigating and managing this complication and what future trends in this field may bring | MEDAL |
unilateral pallidotomy and BL subthalamic deep brain stimulation stndbs for parkinsons disease pd have demonstrated a positive effect on motor functions however further studies are needed of the unintended cognitive effects accompanying these new surgical procedures we studied the consequences of unilateral pallidotomy and stndbs on cognitive CF in a controlled comparative design sixteen consecutive pd patients were assessed before and months after unilateral pallidotomy n and BL stndbs n the same assessments were performed in a control group of eight nonoperated matched pd patients recruited from surgery candidates who refused operation the NP battery consisted of test measuring memory attention arithmetic problem solving and language as well as visuospatial executive and PM functions an analysis of variance AF time and treatment was applied no statistically significant differences were found in the presurgical DUE of clinical and demographic data for the three treatment groups the controlled comparison between presurgical and postsurgical performance revealed no significant changes in the cognitive domains tested in the pallidotomy group the stndbs group showed a selective significant worsening of semantic verbal fluency p this controlled comparative study suggests that neither unilateral pallidotomy nor BL stndbs have global adverse cognitive consequences but BL stndbs may cause a selective decrease in verbal fluency | MEDAL |
the stomach of the amphibian xenopus laevis is subject to extensive remodelling during metamorphosis we investigated the changes in gastric activity control during this period using in vitro circular smooth muscle preparations mounted in organ baths the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor lname increased mean force in metamorphic and juvenile frogs but not in prometamorphic tadpoles serotonin ht relaxed stomach muscle prior to metamorphosis but elicited a biphasic response in juveniles consisting of contraction at low concentrations and EC50 at high concentrations the effects of ht were blocked by methysergide in the prometamorphic tadpole atp elicited relaxation that was blocked by the ectonucleotidase inhibitor arl and the adenosine a receptor antagonist dipropylcyclopentylxanthine dpcpx suggesting adenosine as the mediator exogenous adenosine and the a receptor agonist ncyclopentyladenosine cpa induced relaxation at all stages T3 metamorphosis the potency of atp decreased and neither dpcpx nor arl could block atpinduced EC50 UR triphosphate utp induced relaxation prior to metamorphosis but caused contraction of muscle strips from metamorphosing tadpoles single doses of utp blocked phasic contractions in juveniles in a tetrodotoxin ttxsensitive manner while the simultaneous increase in muscle tension was ttx insensitive the pxpx IL-1ra alphabetameatp elicited pyridoxalphosphateazophenyldisulphonic acid ppadssensitive contractions at all stages investigated these results indicate the development of an GABA nitrergic tonus during metamorphosis and a ht receptor involved in muscle contraction also the development of utp receptors mediating increased tension and neural utp receptors decreasing contraction frequency in juveniles is indicated an adenosine alike receptor mediating EC50 and a pxlike receptor mediating contraction is demonstrated at all stages | MEDAL |
prion diseases are transmissible neurodegenerative diseases caused by a conformational isoform of the prion protein prp a hostencoded cell surface SGP recent evidence suggests a CF of prp cyprp functions either as an initiating factor or toxic PE of prion disease when expressed in cultured cells cyprp acquires properties of the infectious conformation of prp prpsc including insolubility protease resistance aggregation and toxicity transgenic mice d and d lines that coexpress cyprp and prpc exhibit focal cerebellar atrophy scratching behavior and gait CA suggestive of prion disease although they lack proteaseresistant prp to determine if the coexpression of prpc is necessary or inhibitory to the phenotype of these mice we crossed tgdprnp mice with prpablated mice tgprnpoo to generate tgdprnpoo mice and followed the development of disease and pathological phenotype we found no difference in the ON of PS or the clinical or pathological phenotype of disease between tgdprnp and tgdprnpoo mice suggesting that cyprp and prpc function independently in the disease state additionally tgdprnpoo mice were resistant to challenge with mouseadapted scrapie rml suggesting cyprp is inaccessible to prpsc we conclude that disease phenotype and cellular toxicity associated with the expression of cyprp are independent of prpc and the generation of typical prion disease | MEDAL |
adrenalenucleated mononephrectomized rats given a high salt diet rapidly develop malignant hypertension characterized by the presence of necrotizing V1 lesions in a number of organs and tissues if a NS NI is provided or if hydrochlorothiazide is given together with a high salt diet there is instead the delayed onset of benign hypertension which either stabilizes or increases in intensity extremely slowly such animals display few if any pathologic V1 changes other than occasional focal glomerular hyalinization show insignificant cardiac enlargement and do not exhibit alterations in the serum sodium or potassium occasional animals behave atypically and develop malignant hypertension despite normal salt consumption demonstrating that in susceptible rats excess salt is not essential to this disorder hydrochlorothiazide given to rats that imbibed distilled water postoperatively prevented hypertension entirely for days when one of eight rats developed mild hypertension and some others reached what is regarded as a prehypertensive range it is concluded that adrenal regeneration provides a physiological milieu favorable to the development of benign hypertension which is not as a rule manifest until regeneration is CR salt excess converts the response into one in which malignant hypertension begins during regeneration and worsens rapidly thereafter until death the course and findings are compared with those of the benign and malignant phases of clinical essential hypertension and the implications of the similarities are discussed | MEDAL |
exp and clinical studies investigated whether urinary incontinence can be effectively treated with transurethral ultrasoundguided injections of autologous myoblasts and fibroblaststhis new therapy was performed in eight female pigs it could be shown that the injected cells survived well and that new muscle tissue was formed next patients women men suffering from urinary stress incontinence were treated the fibroblasts were mixed with a small amount of collagen as carrier material and injected into the urethral submucosa to treat atrophies of the mucosa the myoblasts were directly injected into the rhabdosphincter to reconstruct the muscle and to heal morphological and functional defects in patients UI could be completely cured in seven patients who had undergone multiple surgical procedures and radiotherapy UI improved no side effects or complications were encountered postoperatively the exp as well as the clinical data clearly demonstrate that UI can be treated effectively with autologous stem cells the present data support the conclusion that this new therapeutic concept may represent a very promising treatment modality in the future | MEDAL |
this article presents findings from an outpatient dual diagnosis demonstration project that investigated whether integrated treatment services for severely and persistently ill patients with cooccurring MH and SA disorders could result in improved outcomes and reduction of criminal justice and health care costs integrated treatment was defined as a simultaneous focus on both disorders through the provision of psychosocial rehabilitation psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacologic treatment and SA recovery and relapse prevention by crosstrained staff one hundred twenty six patients with multiple dsmiv axis i and axis ii disorders were assessed on a variety of mental health SA and SQ of life measures at baseline and at sixmonth intervals up to three years post entry into treatment criminal justice and health care costs obtained from state and local databases were compared two years before and two years T3 initiation of treatment to determine cost differences the T0 found statistically significant improvements in psychiatric PS substance abuse and quality of life outcomes there were also decreases in criminal justice and acute and subacute MH and alcohol and other drug aod costs and increases in outpatient MH and physical health care costs | MEDAL |
dna replication defects are an underlying cause of genome instability which could stem from alterations in replication intermediates such as extensive ssDNA dna ssdna under replication AS ssdna is a F0 of the ultimate doublestrand breaks dsbs indeed mutations that render the cell incapable of mediating and protecting the replication forks produce ssdna genomewide at VHF and cause lethality when encountering dna damage or replication perturbation here we describe two related microarraybased methods to query genetically unstable yeast cultures such as the mec and rad mutants these mutants are defective in central protein kinases in the checkpoint pathway to induce ssdna and dsb formation in these mutants we utilize HU a drug that causes nucleotide shortage in the cell | MEDAL |
studies suggest employers underreport injuries to the bureau of labor statistics survey of occupational injuries and illnesses soii less is known about reporting differences by establishment characteristics | MEDAL |
dipeptidyl peptidase iv dppiv is a serine protease a member of the POP pop family and has been implicated in several diseases therefore it seems important to develop selective inhibitors for human dppiv hdppiv that are able to control the biological function of hdppiv in order to elucidate the IB mode and substrate specificity we determined the crystal structure complex of hdppiv and diprotin a iieproiie a slowly hydrolyzed ATP of hdppiv at a resolution in this paper we discuss the molecular interaction mechanism of diprotin a with hdppiv based on the xray crystal structure | MEDAL |
bariatric surgery is the only effective treatment producing sustained WL and reduction in comorbidities in the morbidly obese laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding lagb has evolved considerably in techniques of IS and band management since the initial descriptions in the early s major advantages of lagb include lower perioperative morbidity and mortality adjustability and reversibility although weight loss occurs more slowly than T3 gastric bypass end results are comparable | MEDAL |
objectives to prospectively examine the tau and safety of propiverine hydrochloride in patients with overactive bladder oab PS who poorly responded to previous treatment with solifenacin tolterodine or imidafenacin methods patients aged ⥠with persisting oab PS ⥠in oab symptom score oabss even after at least week treatment using solifenacin tolterodine or imidafenacin were enrolled propiverine mgday was po for weeks to patients who desired the further improvement of oab symptoms and who had intolerable adverse events of previous drugs the oabss and postvoid residual urine volume pvr were determined before and at and weeks of treatment results of patients enrolled males and females median age years completed the protocol treatment the oabss was significantly improved by propiverine treatment at baseline at weeks at weeks p the scores of oab symptoms nighttime frequency urgency and urge incontinence except daytime frequency also improved significantly no increase in pvr was observed the most frequent adverse event was dry mouth followed by constipation conclusions propiverine is useful to improve oab for patients who poorly respond to solifenacin tolterodine or imidafenacin | MEDAL |
in a prospective openlabelled phase iii trial we tested efficacy and tolerability of recombinant human interleukin rhil alone in patients with refractory severe aplastic anaemia saa patients with idiopathic patients or secondary one posthepatitic one drug induced one dyskeratosis congenita saa refractory or relapsing T3 one to three courses of antilymphocyte globulin were included patients were transfusion dependent rbc platelet rhil was planned for three patients each at five escalating DLs of and microgramskg given daily as h continuous infusion for d rhil was prematurely withdrawn at days and for adverse events in two patients patients showed an increase in wbc at the microgramskg and at the microgramskg level but no sustained effects were seen no patient showed a response in platelet counts additionally PLT and rbc transfusion requirements were unchanged pre and post study all patients experienced one or more adverse event mainly fever patients one nine patients and headache six patients occurrence of AEs was dose related and the maximum tolerated dose was reached with microgramskg five patients suffered serious adverse events rhil as single growth factor and used alone is of minimal benefit in severe aplastic anaemia | MEDAL |
members of the mscs superfamily of mechanosensitive SAC function as osmotic safety valves releasing osmolytes under increased membrane tension mscs homologs exhibit diverse topology and domain structure and it has been proposed that the more complex members of the family might have novel RII mechanisms or molecular functions here we present a study of mscslike msl from arabidopsis thaliana that supports these ideas highlevel expression of mslgfp in arabidopsis induced small stature hydrogen peroxide accumulation ectopic cell death and ROS species and cell deathassociated gene expression phosphomimetic mutations in the msl nterminal domain prevented these phenotypes the phosphorylation state of msl also regulated its ability to induce cell death when transiently expressed in nicotiana benthamiana leaves but did not affect subcellular localization assembly or channel SMB finally the NTD of msl was sufficient to induce cell death in tobacco independent of phosphorylation state we conclude that the plantspecific nterminal domain of msl is capable of inducing cell death this activity is regulated by phosphorylation and msl has two separable activitiesone as an ion channel and one as an inducer of cell death these findings further our understanding of the evolution and significance of MS ion channels | MEDAL |
constitutional microdeletions affecting qq are rare and attempts for genotypephenotype correlations have only recently been made in a cohort of patients the L1 phenotypic features of this rare syndrome are hypotonia developmental delay and facial anomalies in this T0 we report on a male infant with a novel reciprocal mb microduplication at the genomic region qq associated with dysmorphic features and multiple congenital anomalies the current patient was investigated by highresolution array comparative genomic hybridization acgh this is the first report of a microduplication qq that shares a lot of common clinical features with those carrying the microdeletion the qq duplicated region in our patient contains nine dosage CS genes amongst them the genes atg ccdc kiaa naa zdhhc drd zbtb gap lsamp as it is the case for many other welldescribed reciprocal deletionduplication syndromes some have very different clinical features williamsbeuren deletion syals are attractive to gravid females and result in the aggregation of puparia behavioral studies withg m centralis showed that a higher percentage of females larviposited over moist sand conditioned by the anal exudate of larvae EAG analyses of extracts of sand CS byg m centralis andg m morsitans confirmed the presence of olfactory receptors on the antennae for the semiochemicals both subspecies responded to extracts of the semiochemicals of the other withg m morsitans more responsive to lower concentrations of extract ofg m centralis than the converse | MEDAL |
cd t cells are important mediators in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity and would therefore provide ideal candidates for lymphocytebased GT however the number of agspecific t cells in any single lesion of autoimmunity may be quite low successful gene transfer into autoantigenspecific cd TA would serve as an ideal VH for sitetargeted GT if it were possible to transduce preferentially the small number of autoantigenspecific t cells in this study we have demonstrated that retroviral infection of cd lymphocytes from either autoantigenstimulated tcr transgenic mice or agactivated immunized nontransgenic mice with a RV pgcires resulted in the transduction of only the limited number of agreactive cd t cells in contrast polyclonal activation of the same cultures resulted in transduction of nonantigenspecific lymphocytes transduction of agreactive cd TA with pgcires retrovirus encoding the regulatory genes il il and soluble tnf receptor stnfr resulted in stable integration and longterm expression of recombinant gene products moreover expression of the pgcires marker protein gfp directly correlated with the expression of the UP RII gene retroviral transduction of cd t cells targeted specifically agreactive cells and was cell cycledependent and evident only during the mitosis phase these studies suggest that retroviral transduction of autoantigenspecific murine cd TA using the pgcires RV may provide a potential method to target and isolate the low frequency of autoantigenspecific mu cd t cells and provides a rational RPA to gene therapy in animal models of autoimmunity | MEDAL |
three stable hybrid cell lines have been established that secrete monoclonal antibodies of g subclass to DTX a convulsant polypeptide mr using ilabelled dendrotoxin the resultant ascitic fluids were found to show no crossreactivity with homologous toxins toxins b and e from dendroaspis polylepis toxin dv from dendroaspis viridis and bungarotoxin from bungarus multicinctus in contrast polyclonal antibodies raised against dendrotoxin crossreacted to varying degrees with its congeners most importantly the rank order of crossreactivities was in accordance with their potencies in eliciting convulsions when injected intracerebroventricularly into rat BB all the antibodies prevented significantly the binding of dendrotoxin to its protein acceptor in brain synaptic membranes moreover when they were injected into rat BB together with MLD of DTX they delayed or in some cases prevented the ON of convulsive symptoms UC of the complexes formed by ilabelled DTX and one or more of the monoclonal antibodies showed only a single peak of radioactivity with an sw of s indicating that all these monospecific antibodies are directed to the same or overlapping epitopes conversely polyclonal antisera produced larger complexes with the antigen revealing the presence of at least two determinants on this molecule such antibodies are proving helpful in identifying regions of the toxin responsible for the neurotoxicity and associated interaction with its acceptor a putative constituent of IA kchannels | MEDAL |
the fatty acid composition and the steadystate fluorescence anisotropy rs of diphenylhexatriene dph were determined for each of the five major phospholipid pl classes present in the liver rough microsomes rm of guinea pigs fed with control and fatdeprived diets in order to obtain information about plpl interactions and their contribution to the overall membrane fluidity the exp rs of phospholipid mixtures were compared to the molar weighed average values of the individual phospholipid rs values the pl ratios in the mixtures were the same to those found in the rm membranes binary mixtures of phosphatidylcholine pc with phosphatidylethanolamine pe phosphatidylserine ps phosphatidylinositol pi and sphingomyelin sm show higher values of rs than those estimated from the individual component parameters indicating a rigidizing interaction the rigidizing effect of pe was also observed when this phospholipid was sonicated with mixtures of pc with ps and pi however no rigidizing effect of pe was observed in the pc bilayers when sm was included in the composition suggesting that pesm interactions prevent rigidizing effects of pe besides in spite that pcpi and pcps mixtures have rigidizing interactions the incorporation of pi and ps to pcps and pcpi mixtures respectively have a fluidizing effect in consequence phospholipid polar head groups interact in rm CM modifying the molecular packing andor the rotational DWI of acyl chains the complexity and variety of constituent phospholipids could prevent major changes in the fluidity the comparison of results obtained with pl mixtures of control and fatdeficient animals indicate that a NC in the number of double bonds does not evoke a significant difference between either the rigidizing of fluidizing effects however there is a general tendency indicating that phospholipids with higher double bond index evoke lower rigidizing and fluidizing interactions moreover pl of animals fed a fatdeficient diet have less fluidity than those of control animals | MEDAL |
an immunemediated severe acquired prothrombotic disorder heparininduced thrombocytopenia type ii hit ii occurs in of patients exposed to UF heparin longer than days arterial and A-V thromboses are induced by hit ii in about of patients typical death rate for hit is about while of hit patients result in amputation of a limb the trend towards the occurrence of hit due to the administration of low molecular weight heparins lmwh taking ever conspicuous place in the standard venous TE vte prophylaxis has been more frequently observed recently it is considered that lmwh may cause hit ii in about the need for further modification of hipa assays with lmwh has been imposed in the hit laboratory diagnostics heretofore overburdened with complexity there are several constantly opposing problems arising in hit laboratory diagnostics one of which is that in a certain number of patients immunologic assays detect nonpathogenic antibodies mainly igm or iga heparinpf antibodies while on the other hand the occurrence of hit pathogenetically mediated by minor antigens neutrophilactivating peptide or interleukin may be neglected in certain cases the following AF play an important role in the interpretation of each laboratory hit assays performed rho with hit clinical probability test the best known of which is tscore the interpretation of the laboratory findings dependent on the time of the thrombocytopenia ON as well as the sensitivity and specificity of each test respectively the hit diagnostics in the presence of other comorbid states which may also induce TP more precisely known as pseudo hit cancer sepsis disseminated intravascular coagulation pulmonary embolism antiphospholipid syndrome etc represents a specific clinical problem | MEDAL |
the capacity of a pilot project subsurface flow constructed wetland in the tropics to remove phenol from pretreated pulp and paper mill wastewater was studied under varying hydraulic PR times hrt with batch loading initial months results indicate that removal efficiencies for phenol were variable but on average reached at day hrt and at day hrt it was thought that the longer PR time might have caused oxygen and nutrient deficiencies which may have reduced removal performance although PH was sometimes not detectable in the wetland outflow on average values over the experimental period did not meet set national guidelines in the ongoing study the impact of varying hydraulic retention time andor loading rate on the removal of phenols will be evaluated and the main removal process established | MEDAL |
fractionated whole body xirradiation x gy at weekly intervals induces a high percentage of thymic lymphomas in cblka mice these PT develop after a long latency period during which the thymic lymphopoiesis is deeply altered in the present work we test wether those modifications are due to lack of prothymocyte homing to preleukemic thymuses our results show that the preleukemic state of the thymus dont prevent the homing of normal marrow precursors grafted immediately T3 an irradiation of gy thus the alterations of thymic lymphopoiesis observed T3 a leukemogenic irradiation are not due to a modification in the thymus receptivity to thymocyte precursors | MEDAL |
ketorolac tromethamine kt a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug was formulated in buccoadhesive film to overcome the limitations in the currently available routes of administration which in CS will increase patients compliance the film was formulated using AQ solvents by means of two bioadhesive polymers namely hydroxylpropyl methyl cellulose hpmc and carbopol the prepared film was subjected to investigations for its PCS and mechanical properties swelling SMB in vitro bioadhesion and in vitro in situ and in vivo release antiinflammatory tau and analgesic activity of the prepared buccoadhesive film were investigated in rats using the hindpaw oedema test and the hot SP method the analgesic tau and tolerability of a single mg dose of kt formulated into the buccoadhesive film was clinically evaluated using a standard widely accepted postoral surgery pain MM in this study the prepared film has been administrated to dental postoperative patients for relieving pain in dental hospital clinic results indicate that the concentration of kt in the oral cavity was maintained above microgml for a period of at least h the buccal kt film was excellently tolerated in all patients and no complains of gi side effects were reported it is concluded from this clinical DUE that kt formulated into a buccoadhesive film is ERP as a potent analgesic in dental and postoperative oral surgery in a single dose of mg with minimal gi side effects | MEDAL |
in japanese quail males will readily exhibit the full CS of maletypical sexual behaviors but females never show this response even after ovariectomy and treatment with maletypical concentrations of exogenous testosterone testosterone aromatisation plays a keylimiting role in the activation of this SMB but the higher aromatase activity in the BB of males compared to females is not sufficient to explain the behavioural sex difference the cellular and molecular bases of this prominent sex difference in the PET consequences of testosterone have not been identified so far we hypothesised that the differential expression of sex steroid receptors in specific BB areas could mediate this behavioural sex difference therefore using radioactive in ISH histochemistry we quantified the expression of the mrna coding for the androgen receptor ar and the oestrogen receptors er of the alpha and beta subtypes all three receptors were expressed in an anatomically discrete manner in various nuclei of the hypothalamus and limbic system and at usually lower densities in a few other BB Az in both sexes the intensity of the hybridisation signal for all steroid receptors was highest in the medial preoptic nucleus pom a major site of testosterone action that is related to the activation of male sexual behaviour although no sex difference in the optical density of the ar hybridisation signal could be found in pom the area covered by ar mrna was significantly larger in males than in females indicating a higher overall degree of ar expression in this region in males by contrast females tended to have significantly higher C2 of ar expression than males in the lateral SP eralpha was more densely expressed in females than males throughout the MPO and hypothalamic areas including the pom and the MBH an area implicated in the control of female receptivity and in the mesencephalic nucleus intercollicularis erbeta was more densely expressed in the MBH of females but a difference in the reverse direction males females was observed in the nucleus taeniae of the amygdala these data suggest that a differential expression of steroid receptors in specific BB areas could mediate at least certain aspects of the sex differences in behavioural responses to testosterone although they do not appear to be sufficient to explain the complete lack of activation by testosterone of maletypical copulatory behaviour in females | MEDAL |
this T0 was undertaken on teeth in order to evaluate a new technique for radiation dose reduction during endodontic therapy after examination of the preoperative film usually available in the patient file an apex locator root zx was used to measure the working length CR chemomechanical debridement was then performed and the master cone was evaluated by a digital imaging system radiovisiography rvg obturation was performed when measurements of the electronic device and rvg were comparable a postoperative image was made by the rvg system to evaluate the final obturation a clinical and radiographic followup examination followup period to months revealed satisfactory apical healing these results indicated that a successful obturation technique can be performed by a single radiation SE using the rvg unit for master cone DUE this technique may be useful in medically compromised patients who need not to be exposed to excessive or repeated radiation during endodontic therapy | MEDAL |
this costofillness analysis for the united kingdom is part of a europewide study on the costs of multiple sclerosis ms the objective was to analyze the costs and SQ of life utility related to the level of disease severity people with ms from a DB po by a uk charity the ms trust were asked to participate in the survey by answering a postal questionnaire in addition to details on the disease type of disease relapses level of PET disability the questionnaire asked for information on all resource consumption medical nonmedical work absence and informal care as well as utility the response rate was and a total of people were included the mean age of the cohort was years and of people were or years of age disease severity was concentrated in people with moderately severe ms expanded disability status scale edss score of to with and of people reporting mild moderate and severe disease respectively costs and utility are highly correlated with disease severity mean annual costs for all people in the study increase from approximately pound at an edss score to almost pound at an edss score or in particular employment rates are reduced from in early disease to at an edss score of while the costs of inpatient care investments informal care and productivity losses increase by more than tenfold between an edss score of and a score or utility decreases from at an edss score of to a state worse than death in the most severe state at an edss score of compared to the results in an earlier cost study in the united kingdom using a comparable methodology costs have substantially increased by roughly part of the increase is due to a higher use of diseasemodifying drugs and possibly linked with this a higher use of ambulatory care and services another part of the increase is most likely due to an increased age in the current sample with more patients on early retirement due to ms and more intense use of informal care however another reason may lie in the methodology eg different unit costs or differences in the sample distribution despite a similar mean edss score of | MEDAL |
membrane ca currents ica IM charge movement currents and changes in intracellular ca concentrations were recorded in voltage clamped cut skeletal muscle MF of the frog intra and extracellular solutions designed to prevent ionic current and use of the saponinpermeabilization procedure made possible the measurement of transfer of intramembranous charge up to high positive potentials substantial charge moved at positive potentials this charge was shown to be intramembranous in four tests of charge conservation demonstrating that the total MSD of charge depended only on the initial and final voltages and not on the PH or pathway of intermediate voltages on average in twentythree cells the charge moved at mv was nc microf mean sem and at mv was nc microf approximately onefifth of the total charge moved above mv the charge that moved at HV could be fitted in most cases with a boltzmann distribution CF in twenty of twentythree cells the total charge CSD could be fitted as the sum of two boltzmann terms the high voltage term was centred at mv with a steepness factor of mv and a magnitude of nc microf the low voltage term was centered at mv with a steepness factor of mv and a magnitude of nc microf thus the high Vc component comprised about onequarter of the mobile charge in four cells it was possible to fit the sum of three boltzmann terms to the distribution of mobile charge the parameters of the high voltage term then were similar to those found by fitting the sum of two boltzmann terms to the same data the Vc dependence of activation of ica was determined in a buffered mm ca external solution from the tails of ionic current at mv after activating pulses to various voltages the duration of which was sufficient to reach the peak of inward current the voltage dependence was described by a boltzmann function centred at mv n with a steepness factor of mv the voltages at which the high Vc charge moved were roughly the same as those at which ica was G1 calcium PR from the sarcoplasmic reticulum was determined from the ca transients calcium release continued to increase at potentials above mvabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
serine dehydratase serdh is a gluconeogenic enzyme involved in the catabolism of serine which is regulated by the composition of their diet and their hormonal status in rats this study examines how chronic injury caused to the liver of rats by the ingestion of thioacetamide taa affects serdh protein mrna C2 enzyme kinetics and its tissue location after days oral NI of taa the activity of serdh at all ATP concentrations assayed was ance of the teeth showed resolution of mobility and no signs of replacement resorbption | MEDAL |
the effects of ocular acute hypertension experimentally induced on the astrocyte cells of rat have been studied DUE was made of the damage to the chromatin of those cells by means of cytochemical haematoxylineosin analysis and of the state of fragmentation of the dna by means of metric PCD and selected ion monitoring | MEDAL |
to enhance the biodegradation of organic matter in sediment microbial fuel cell smfc feiii oxide as an alternc cd TA finally the chnps showed significantly greater antitumor efficacy in eg and tc TB mice compared to the control p taken together these data show that the chnp platform can be used as an immune response modulatory vaccine for active CA immunotherapy without ex vivo manipulation thus resulting in increased anticancer efficacy | MEDAL |
little is known psychometrically about the DP of cognitive decline associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome aidsrelated dementia pre and posttest results are presented to illustrate a case example of rapid cognitive decline increased psychometric assessment is recommended with additional examination of inconsistent results which may be dismissed mistakenly as related to psychiatric PS implications for clinical practice and the role of the psychologist are discussed | MEDAL |
the gene for pseudoazurin was isolated from paracoccus pantotrophus lmd and expressed in a rat system with a yield of mg of pure protein per liter of culture the gene and protein were shown to be MZ to those from p pantotrophus lmd the extinction coefficient of the protein was reevaluated and was found to be mm cm at nm it was confirmed that the oxidized protein is in a weak monomerdimer equilibrium that is ionicstrengthdependent the pseudoazurin was shown to be a highly AS electron donor to CCP and activity showed an ionic strength dependence consistent with an electrostatic interaction the pseudoazurin has a very large dipole moment the vector of which is positioned at the putative electrontransfer site his and is conserved in this position across a wide range of blue copper proteins binding of the peroxidase to pseudoazurin causes perturbation of a set of nmr resonances associated with residues on the his face including a ring of lysine residues these lysines are associated with acidic residues just back from the rim the resonances of which are also affected by IB to the peroxidase we propose that these acidic residues moderate the electrostatic influence of the lysines and so ensure that TPS charge interactions do not form across the interface with the peroxidase | MEDAL |
amiodarone pneumonitis is a serious complication that may lead to fatal lung fibrosis in an attempt to diagnose this condition as early as possible the technetiummlabelled diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid mtcdtpa aerosol washout rates of nonsmoking normal volunteers group nonsmoking patients on a longterm amiodarone regimen with dilated cardiomyopathy but no congestive HF group ii and patients with amiodarone pneumonitis group iii were compared spirometric measurements as percentage predicted were higher in GI than in group iii p less than the global mean ERP halflives of mtcdtpa aerosol for both lungs together in T2 were and for groups i ii and iii respectively group iii values were significantly lower than those of groups i and ii p less than our results demonstrated that amiodarone pneumonitis alters the alveolarcapillary membrane permeability to hydrophilic molecules the pulmonary clearance of mtcdtpa aerosol is a useful test in the differentiation of patients on a longterm amiodarone regimen without SE from patients with amiodarone pneumonitis the test is rapid easy to perform and has the potential for playing an important role in deciding which patients should discontinue therapy | MEDAL |
increasing human health and longevity is of global interest environmental genetic and stochastic factors all affect longevity among these AF the environment is extremely important to investigate the relationship between the environment and longevity we studied the environment in zhongxiang china where the inhabitants commonly have long life spans air was analyzed for negative oxygen ions so and inhalable particles while drinking water and rice were analyzed for macro and microelements the air quality in this area was determined to be grade i with high negative oxygen ion content and low so and inhalable particle contents apart from fe mn and f all tested elements and the ph were within national standards and world health organization guidelines the percentage of longlived people in the area was closely related to the macro and microelement contents of their staple food rice the elements in rice could be classified into three categories according to their effect on longevity sr ca al mo and se which were positively correlated with longevity fe mn zn cr p mg and k which had a weak effect on local longevity and cu and ba which had a negative effect on longevity | MEDAL |
virtual colonoscopy is a new method for evaluating the colon which uses thin section computed tomography of the clean air distended colon the acquired computed tomography data is then subjected to computer manipulation to demonstrate the Tc mucosa it is a safe noninvasive welltolerated method that has potential as a method of CC screening this review will describe the technique review preliminary results and discuss the present and future applications of this technique | MEDAL |
clinical and laboratory data of patients with immune neutropenia were evaluated they suffered from AIN n alloimmune neonatal neutropenia n and from transfusionassociated lung injury n autoimmune neutropenia was predominantly found in patients below years patients were usually affected by benign bacterial infections the peripheral blood count showed normal or diminished leukocyte counts with median absolute neutrophil counts of cellsmicroliters bone marrow examination revealed in of the cases a hypercellular marrow with a shift to the left in the bone marrow was normal and in a hypocellular marrow was found SR occurred in all newborns and so far in patients with AIN symptomatic treatment of the infections was sufficient in most of the patients | MEDAL |
the mb td susceptibility locus iddm was mapped to chromosome through linkage analysis of a conditioned crossintercross between the diabetesprone bbdp and the diabetesresistant acibbdpiddmiddm aciulyp it is flanked by iddm and iddm which control the kinetics of PD to finemap iddm and characterize immune phenotypes controlled by this locus several congenic sublines were generated carrying smaller overlapping intervals spanning iddm and fragments of iddm and analysis of disease susceptibility age of disease ON and immune phenotypes in these sublines identified subloci regulating these different parameters two aciulypderived subloci iddm and iddm imparted significant protection from diabetes decreasing the cumulative incidence by as much as and respectively iddm which overlaps with the human ptpn locus only affected disease susceptibility whereas iddm also significantly affected disease kinetics delaying td ON by more than days compared with the parental bbdp CS these iddm subloci also regulated various immune phenotypes including the proportion of splenic macrophages by iddm and the proportion of G1 tcells in AA lymphoid organs by iddm the analysis of iddm congenic animals in two different spf facilities demonstrated that the influence of this locus on td is environmentdependent | MEDAL |
bathrelated deaths occur frequently in japan and many of these deaths are diagnosed as death from disease without autopsy in the current japanese deathinvestigation system therefore we aimed to examine the postmortem computed tomography pmct findings of bathrelated deaths to determine if pmct can differentiate between real cases of drowning and sudden deaths not related to drowning | MEDAL |
to evaluate possible routes of urea delivery to the renal medulla urea transport was studied in cortical thick ascending limbs and PT straight tubules dissected from inner cortical medullary rays of rabbit kidneys urea was measured colorimetrically in the perfused collected and bath fluids no evidence for active transport of urea was found in either segment with imposed urea concentration differences between perfusion and bath fluids there were significant passive fluxes of urea in both segments the magnitude of the flux was independent of the direction of the concentration difference apparent permeability coefficients x cms for urea were for the cortical thick ascending limbs and for the PT straight tubules based on the measured permeability in the cortical thick ascending limb substantial passive absorption of urea is predicted in vivo this will contribute to the dilution of tubular fluid in this segment the results in PT straight tubules are compatible with passive urea secretion but not with a significant degree of AS secretion | MEDAL |
this T0 explored arterial vascularisation of celiac trunk and superior CMA using method of selective arteriography in series of arteriogram which were done in patients of institute for radiology there were no pathological findings in a single case at pancreas or duodenum arteries which arise for vascularization of pancreas had a common spot of arising flow and ramification pancreatic DU arteries arcade which supply blood to the duodenum and the body of the pancreas were shown in arteriogram the branches which provide blood supply to the body and the tail of the pancreas were found there was one case where lower pancreatic artery arose from GD i.a. and in one case a direct anastomosis for celiac trunk and superior MES arteries better known as tandlers anastomosis | MEDAL |
the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of pleomorphic liposarcomas are presented there were men and women median age years range years tumor size ranged from to cm median cm tumor locations included LE especially the thigh limb girdles upper extremity thoracoabdominal wall and internal trunk a total of were deep seated andor extracompartmental histologically lesions show a varying combination of lipogenic and nonlipogenic Az characterized by malignant fibrous histiocytomalike round cell liposarcomalike andor epithelioidcarcinomalike features a pericytic pattern was focally present in PT eighteen lesions were grade and were grade sarcomas RT CN was observed in cases V1 invasion in three and MI counts ranged from to per high SP fields median lipogenic Az were s protein immunoreactive at least focally in of cases nonlipogenic areas showed focal CR for smooth SMA of desmin of cd of s protein of cd of and EMA of epithelioid areas showed epithelial membrane antigen of but not cytokeratin of CR treatment procedures in patients consisted of simple tumorectomy and wide excision five and patients received neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy andor radiation therapy respectively followup patients range months median months showed a local recurrence rate and a metastasis rate metastases occurring mostly in lungs and pleura seventeen patients died of disease of whom none was M1 at diagnosis fiveyear overall metastasisfree and local recurrencefree survivals were and respectively patient age or years truncal RT location deep situation tumor size cm V1 invasion and incomplete RT excision were significant adverse prognostic factors RT grade and histology did not affect patient outcome in conclusion pleomorphic liposarcoma is a rare often deepseated and limbbased aggressive and metastasizing neoplasm of late adulthood it shows a wide range of morphologic appearances but tumor grade and histology have no effect on patient outcome | MEDAL |
IMT of the bladder is an uncommon condition of unknown neoplastic potential in adults the tumor is seen in association with instrumentation of the lower GU tract while in children it appears to run an idiopathic course its clinical and radiological presentation in children resembles sarcoma the case of a yearold girl with IMT is presented outlining the histological and immunhistochemical features to allow differentiation between sarcomas the most important differential diagnosis an outcome metaanalysis of the literature identified cases of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in the bladder of children conservative surgery is the strategy of choice there is no evidence of recurrence or metastasis at a median follow up of years | MEDAL |
TCAs induce antinociceptive effect and suggest that their analgesic action could be related to the monoaminergic activity of the drugs the analgesic activity of amitriptyline was observed in mouse models of acute pain mice were divided into different CG and were given amitriptyline in different doses alone and in combination with morphine reaction time in hotplate and tailflick tests was observed results showed that amitriptyline had antinociceptive effect in acute pain state in exp models amitriptyline in combination with morphine had better analgesic effect than the morphine CT in hotplate test | MEDAL |
the clinical differentiation of hypertensive heart disease from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy usually presents no problem but it is less clear whether an echocardiographic distinction can always be made and if so what those echocardiographic criteria of difference are it can be inferred from recent publications that when echocardiographic criteria for HCM cardiomyopathy are met in hypertensive subjects both diagnoses may be made this may be unjustified and in order to clarify this problem that mmode echocardiographic features of patients with severe systemic hypertension were compared with those of patients with hypertrophoic cardiomyopathy and normal blood pressure SAM of the mitral valve andor midsystolic closure of the aortic valve were found in per cent of patients with obstructive and per cent of patients with nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy these features were not seen in patients with hypertension the conventional echocardiographic features of left VVI hypertrophy and CF did not permit distinction between hypertensive heart disease and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy the echocardiographic diagnosis of HHD from HCM cardiomyopathy is therefore difficult unless systolic anterior movement of the mitral valve andor midsystolic closure of the aortic valve can be shown | MEDAL |
the survival of neurons in the developing isthmooptic nucleus ion is believed to depend on the VA transport of trophic molecules from the target the CL retina we now show that ion SN transport nerve growth factor ngf brainderived neurotrophic factor bdnf and neurotrophin nt retrogradely and that bdnf and nt support the survival of ion neurons in vivo and promote neurite outgrowth in vitro surprisingly ngf enhanced normal developmental cell death in vivo in a dosedependent wayly and based on thresholds of an arbitrary nature this could also explain the contradictory results concerning predictive AF of restenosis in the literatureabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
the patients with a hematopoietic neoplasm can develop MDS syndrome following chemotherapy we report herein a case of nonhodgkin bcell lymphoma and refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts absence of the preceding chemotherapy establishes the true coincidence of the two disorders we review similar cases reported in the last years and discuss the possible etiology of coexistence | MEDAL |
this study evaluates the vasoactive effects and mode of action of ketanserin a selective ht receptor antagonist on digital circulation in patients with primary raynauds phenomenon reflex digital vasoconstriction was induced by moderate body cooling we found that ketanserin given intravenously in a dose of mg normalized digital skin temperature and digital blood flow as estimated by VO plethysmography and laserdoppler flowmetry however effects of ketanserin on transcutaneously measured oxygen pressure were modest this could imply a preferential effect of ketanserin on arteriovenous shunt flow i.c.v. with high doses of the selective and nonselective alphaadrenoreceptor antagonists prazosin and phentolamine did not abolish the effects of ketanserin on digital blood flow however under alphaadrenoceptor blockade the small effects of ketanserin on normal blood pressure disappeared thus in contrast to the effects in the SVR circulation the principal mechanism underlying digital vasodilation after ketanserin is unlikely to involve alphaadrenoceptor antagonism we conclude that ht receptors are present in the digital vasculature in patients with PRP their activation plays an important role in coldinduced digital vasoconstriction | MEDAL |
within the past several years neuroimaging research on PDs has begun to develop PDs can be thought of as traitlike dysfunctional patterns in cognitive affective impulse control and interpersonal domains these domains of dysfunction have been linked to TPS neural circuits developments in BB imaging techniques have allowed researchers to examine the neural integrity of these circuits in personalitydisordered individuals this article reviews the neuroimaging literature on BL personality disorder antisocial personality disorder including psychopathy and schizotypal personality disorder PET and structural studies provide support for dysfunction in frontolimbic circuits in BL and ASP disorder whereas temporal lobe and basal striatalthalamic compromise is evident in schizotypal personality disorder | MEDAL |
ischaemic acute kidney injury aki is a leading killer of both sexes however resistance to this injury is higher among women than men we found that RV noradrenaline nad overflow T3 reperfusion played important roles in the OD of ischaemic aki and that the attenuation of aki observed in female rats may be dependent on depressing the renal sympathetic NS with endogenous oestrogen in the present T0 we used male and female spraguedawley rats to investigate whether sex differences in the pathogenesis of ischaemic aki are related to the Kd of nad by MA oxidase mao in the kidney ischaemic aki was achieved by clamping the left renal i.a. and vein for T2 followed by reperfusion weeks T3 CL nephrectomy renal injury was more severe in male rats than in female rats and renal venous plasma nad C2 after reperfusion were markedly elevated in males but not in females these sex differences were eliminated by a treatment with isatin a nonselective mao inhibitor and moclobemide a selective mao | MEDAL |
we report our experience with laparoscopic adrenalectomy in nine patients with pheochromocytoma and compare the morbidity with that of laparoscopic adrenalectomy for tumors of other pathology | MEDAL |
subgroup analysis of the lumbar spinal stenosis lss without degenerative spondylolisthesis diagnostic cohort of the spine patient outcomes research trial multicenter randomized CT with a concurrent observational cohort | MEDAL |
the amount of PC PICP picp in crevicular fluid cf was measured in three periodontitis patients samples were collected from sites before treatment scaling root planing and curettage and and DAT by placing two paper strips in periodontal pockets for s the amount of fluid in strips was measured by the periotron device control samples were collected from subjects with minimal GI picp was extracted into saline solution and determined by a radioimmunologic method PI index papilla bleeding index and pocket depth were recorded before and DAT the cf picp mean concentration was mgl in the i.c.v. samples five DAT a statistically significant increase in picp concentration was seen in all subjects the peak appeared on days or in CS the mean peak picp concentrations of the subjects were times higher than the i.c.v. values twenty days T3 treatment mean picp concentration decreased to pretreatment level picp concentrations did not correlate with the clinical parameters in control samples picp amounts were below the PCD limit cf picp is a new marker of type i collagen metabolism in periodontal tissues it was concluded that elevated picp concentrations in cf T3 periodontal treatment reflected increased type i collagen synthesis in periodontal tissues and that the peak in type i collagen synthesis takes place DAT | MEDAL |
the key enzyme of sialic acid sia biosynthesis is the bifunctional udpnacetylglucosamine epimerasemannac kinase gnemnk it metabolizes the physiological precursor mannac and nacyl modified analogues such as npropionylmannosamine mannprop to the respective modified sialic acid PSA polysia is a crucial compound for several functions in the nervous system and is synthesized by the polysialyltransferases stsia and stsia polysia can be modified in vitro and in vivo by metabolic glycoengineering of the nacyl side chain of sia in vitro studies show that the application of mannprop increases neurite outgrowth and accelerates the reestablishment of functional synapses in this study we investigate in vivo how mannprop application might benefit PN regeneration in mice expressing axonal FPs thyyfp we transected the sciatic nerve and then replaced part of it with a sciatic nerve VG from nonexpressing mice wildtype mice or stsia mice analyses conducted days after grafting showed that systemic application of mannprop mgkg twice a day ip but not of physiological mannac gkg twice a day ip significantly increased the extent of axonal elongation the number of arborizing axons and the number of branches per regenerating axon within the grafts from WT but not in those from stsia mice the results demonstrate that the application of mannprop has beneficial effects on early peripheral nerve regeneration and indicate that the stimulation of axon growth depends on stsia activity in the nerve graft | MEDAL |
effects of light intensity and sleep stages on HRV hrv were investigated in young HS the lowfrequency lfhighfrequency hf ratio was significantly increased by exposing either to bright lights of lx or to extreme darkness lx while hf and lf components of hrv were not changed when compared with those under dim light lx however lf was significantly increased at rem sleep when compared with that at the presleep wake in contrast hf was increased at all stages of sleep and the lfhf ratio was decreased at slow wave sleep during the baseline night | MEDAL |
a very distal sympathectomy at the level of the origin of the proper digital arteries has been devised four men and four women have been operated on for digital vascular insufficiency due to frostbite crush injuries scleroderma and RD the T0 is done through a palmar RPA and the adventitia removed over a length of to mm from the proper digital arteries distal to the junction of the distal perforating artery with the common digital artery three frostbite victims have done w the posture of the mandible and tongue despite considerable R2 in the design of these appliances the clinical effects are remarkably consistent snoring is improved and often eliminated in almost all patients who use oral appliances obstructive sleep apnea improves in the majority of patients the mean apneahypopnea index ahi in this group of patients was reduced from to approximately half of treated patients achieved an ahi of however as many as of those treated were left with significantly elevated ahis improvement in sleep quality and sleepiness reflects the effect on PLB limited followup data indicate that oral discomfort is a common but tolerable side effect that dental and mandibular complications appear to be uncommon and that LT compliance varies from to of patients comparison of the risk and benefit of oral appliance therapy with the other available treatments suggests that oral appliances present a useful alternative to continuous positive airway pressure cpap especially for patients with simple snoring and patients with obstructive SA who cannot tolerate cpap therapy | MEDAL |
this article reports the heavy metal concentrations assessed both in bottom sediments and water flowing into two small reservoirs at krempna and zesÅawice southern poland the experiments were carried out in spring summer autumn and winter the resulting concentrations of lead Cd nickel chromium and copper were compared with the environmental SQ standards guidelines of the regulation of the minister of environmental protection regulations of the polish geological institute and state institute of environment protection institute of soil science and plant cultivation and with the regulations adopted in germany denmark the united states and canada regarding the total heavy metal concentrations water flowing into the examined reservoirs was not polluted the highest concentrations of heavy metals were found in water flowing into the reservoirs in spring and summer the heavy metal concentrations in sediments of the reservoirs at krempna and zesÅawice were much higher than the concentrations of the elements discussed present in waters flowing into these reservoirs | MEDAL |
catecholaminergic polymorphic VVI tachycardia cpvt is an inherited arrhythmia characterized by adrenergically induced polymorphic or bidirectional VVI ART vt although a rare disease its recognition is important because of its high mortality rate when left UT we report an index case of a yearold woman who presented with recurrent syncope the diagnosis was confirmed by exerciseinduced polymorphic VVI premature beats and episodes of nonsustained vt in the absence of structural heart CA she remained event free with betablocker therapy cpvt is a potentially lifethreatening disease and should be considered in the case of recurrent syncope in young individuals diagnosis is based on clinical history and ET which is the gold ST is mandatory in all diagnosed individuals ET in firstdegree relatives is recommended even in the case of a mutationnegative index patient | MEDAL |
two patients with severe motor and intellectual disabilities who suffered from acute asphyxia and respiratory failure due to aspiration of foods into the TB trees were reported numerous food particles were found in the TB trees of both the patients one patient showed recurrent atelectasis at various CS after oral intubation flexible bronchoscopy could successfully remove food particles from the TB trees in both the patients without any complicatio ne clusters the shortening of the lifetime is attributed to the coordination dependent interatomic coulombic decay which is extremely sensitive to internuclear distances | MEDAL |
we present experiments on reactive front propagation in a twodimensional d vortex chain flow both timeindependent and timeperiodic and a d spatially disordered timeindependent vortexdominated flow the flows are generated using magnetohydrodynamic forcing techniques and the fronts are produced using the excitable ferroincatalyzed BZ chemical reaction in both of these flows front propagation is dominated by the presence of burning invariant manifolds bims that act as barriers similar to invariant manifolds that dominate the transport of passive impurities convergence of the fronts onto these bims is shown experimentally for all of the flows studied the bims are also shown to collapse onto the invariant manifolds for passive transport in the limit of large flow E/A for the disordered flow the measured bims are compared to those predicted using a measured velocity field and a threedimensional set of ordinary differential equations that describe the dynamics of front propagation in advectionreactiondiffusion systems | MEDAL |
lobular neoplasia ln including atypical lobular hyperplasia alh and lobular carcinoma in situ may be encountered in breast core biopsies performed for mammographic CA even though ln is often not in itself responsible for the abnormal mammogram the need for surgical excision following a diagnosis of ln on core biopsy is not well defined we examined pathologic and mammographic findings in a consecutive series of cases diagnosed as ln to address this issue radiologypathology records were reviewed for cases with a pathology diagnosis of pure ln during the period specifically excluded were cases with associated ADH ductal carcinoma in situ invasive mammary carcinoma or any history of breast malignancy thirtyfive women years of age mean years were identified specimens were obtained as stereotactic core or limited wireguided biopsy foures was investigated against PA isolates resistant to these antibiotics synergy was detected with one or more antimicrobial combinations against of isolates and partial synergy was detected with one or more combinations against all isolates no antagonism was seen with any combination ceftazidime and cefepime with aztreonam amikacin and isepamicin showed synergy or partial synergy against isolates imipenem and meropenem with amikacin and ISP showed synergy or partial synergy against eight to isolates the results of this T0 indicate that against p aeruginosa synergy may occur between betalactams fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides although the strains are resistant to the individual antibiotics | MEDAL |
more than of drugs with preclinical activity fail in human trials largely due to insufficient tau we hypothesized that adequately powered trials of patientderived xenografts pdx in mice could efficiently define therapeutic activity across heterogeneous tumors to address this hypothesis we established a C1 publicly available repository of wellcharacterized one and lymphoma pdxs that undergo orthotopic engraftment called the public repository of xenografts proxe proxe includes all deidentified information relevant to the primary specimens and the pdxs derived from them using this repository we demonstrate that C1 studies of acute leukemia pdxs that mimic human randomized PCTs can characterize drug tau and generate transcriptional PET and proteomic biomarkers in both treatmentnaive and relapsedrefractory disease | MEDAL |
students and practicing physical therapists are expected to be clinical problem solvers the absence of clinical problem solving may result in decreased individuality of patient services the purpose of this article is to assist clinical supervisors in identifying TPS difficulties in clinical problem solving and to clarify confusions in the supervisors perception of the problemsolving behaviors of students and therapists i present a model by comparing the behaviors of the problem solver with the behaviors of the nonproblem solver at each step in the problemsolving process and then discuss sources of confusion in the perception of problem solving i provide examples and suggest applications of the MM for improving clinical problemsolving abilities | MEDAL |
ship is a phosphatase that acts at the position of phosphatidylinositol trisphosphate it is one of several enzymes that catalyse dephosphorylation at the position of phosphoinositides or inositol phosphates ship has a confirmed role in opsismodysplasia a disease of bone development but also interacts with proteins involved in insulin signalling CSK function thus having an impact on endocytosis adhesion proliferation and apoptosis and immune system CF the structure of three domains constituting about of the protein is known inhibitors of ship activity have been designed to interact with the catalytic domain with submicromolar ic | MEDAL |
to investigate the influence of different kinds of corneal diseases on corneal endothelial cells | MEDAL |
we report the first observation of a gatecontrolled field emission current from a tungsten diselenide wse ML synthesized by chemicalvapour deposition on a siosi ATP ni contacted wse ML backgated TFTs under high vacuum exhibit ntype conduction and drainbias dependent transfer characteristics which are attributed to oxygenwater desorption and drain induced schottky barrier lowering respectively the gatetuned ntype conduction enables field emission ie the SE of electrons by quantum tunnelling even from the flat part of the wse monolayers electron emission occurs under an electric field ⼠v μm and exhibits good time stability remarkably the field emission current can be modulated by the backgate voltage the first fieldemission vertical transistor based on the wse monolayer is thus demonstrated and can pave the way to further optimize new wse based devices for use in vacuum electronics | MEDAL |
this paper presents a mathematical MM of inmouth volatile release from gelled w/o/w particles dispersed in a continuous AQ phase data based on apci msbreath analysis is presented to demonstrate the effect of particle size oil content and oilwater partition coefficients it is shown that inmouth release of aroma from the dispersion of gelled w/o/w particles follows a twocomponent kinetic equation with fast and slow components both the fast and slow rate constants depend on the particle size oil content and oil water partition coefficient of the aroma the relative amount of aroma contributing to the fast and slow components also depends on the size of the particles in order to understand this unexpected behaviour an analytical model was developed that considers the interplay between the mass transfer of flavour across the interface of the particles and that across the airliquid interface analytical expressions for the two rate constants and the relative ratio of aroma contributing to the fast component have been derived from this model three regimes of inmouth PR of aroma from the dispersion of gelled emulsion particles were identified including the w/o/w regime the transition regime and the gel particle regime in the emulsion regime changes in the size of gelled w/o/w particles had negligible impact on the overall release in the transition regime the PR was controlled by the interaction of flavour transfer from the particles with that across the airwater interface in the gel particle regime aroma release at long times was governed by the particles and that at short times was governed by the airwater interface and the two processes were fully decoupled a simple relationship was derived for the critical size above which the release of aroma from the dispersion of gelled emulsion particles is affected by the size of the particles | MEDAL |
severe hypophosphatemia is a potentially lifethreatening medical condition and might lead to a fatal outcome in critically ill patients the situation is further complicated by the comorbid renal failure we evaluated the efficacy and safety of the intravenous phosphate repletion in renal failure patients with severe hypophosphatemia six patients with advanced renal failure and nine patients under maintenance hemodialysis males and females aged between and years old were found to have SS phosphate level mgdl from various medical conditions and were treated with intravenous phosphate infusion the phosphate solution prepared from sodium dihydrogen phosphate nahpo containing mgml phosphate and meqml sodium in the dosage mg phosphatekg body weight was administered through the CE A-V lins every hours the infusion was discontinued once serum phosphate level reached mgdl serum ionized calcium phosphate and IN parathyroid hormone levels were serially followed at different intervals respectively the HD uremic patients received their dialysis treatment as scheduled all patients survived the hypophosphatemic period and regained normal phosphate C2 T3 repletion the amount of phosphate po to reach the target level ranged between and mg and the duration of treatment varied between six and seventeen days hypocalcemia mgdl was noted at eight occasions during the whole treatment period but none was symptomatic eleven patients recovered from the offending illness however four patients expired due to reasons not directly consequent to and temporally remote from hypophosphatemia we conclude that prompt repletion of severe hypophosphatemia and phosphate deficiency with relatively slower rate of nahpo solution intravenous infusion is a safe and ERP mode of treatment for renal failure and uremic patients the longer treatment period allowed the po minerals full equilibration the risk of hyperkalemia is avoided and the sodiumvolume load can be eliminated by dialysis | MEDAL |
a fatd deviation of the differences between the true and the measured diameters were mm for plane a and mm for plane b respectively T3 a second order correction the mean difference amounted to mm for plane a and mm for plane b respectively intra and interobserver R2 were evaluated in patients age years with PD disease using normal and stenotic vessel segments crosssectional area ranging from to mm two independent observers analyzed the same vessel segment twice intraobserver R2 expressed as the standard error of estimate in percent of the mean angiographic vessel area see amounted to for observer and for observer respectively interobserver R2 expressed as see was for measurement and for measurement respectively | MEDAL |
despite evidence for higher risk of PD disease among hiv individuals the underlying mechanisms are not well understood we investigated associations of inflammatory markers with subclinical PD disease in participants of the multicenter aids cohort T0 hiv and hiv men who underwent noncontrast computed tomography scans for coronary artery calcification the majority n also undergoing coronary CTA | MEDAL |
select hair products contain endocrine disrupting chemicals edcs that may affect breast cancer risk we hypothesize that if edcs are related to breast cancer risk then they may also affect two important breast cancer risk AF age at menarche and mammographic breast density | MEDAL |
the peptide cholecystokinin cck like other MMP which pass through the regulated secretory pathway undergoes a number of posttranslational moatography rphplc have been commonly employed for tg analysis obtaining a similar number of chromatographic peaks when used for animal tissue tg determination in the present study similar results were achieved with regard to most relevant chromatographic peaks however important differences were found in the content of minor tgs indeed rphplc permitted separation of VLC PUFA fatty acids which were ND by glc while the latter technique reported a higher number of myristoylcontaining tg species rphplc analysis reported a greater number of tgs with more similarity to a random composition made up from the liver HFA composition therefore it was concluded that utilization of both techniques would be helpful for CL tg analysis as the use of only one of them does not provide a complete profile of CL tgs nevertheless rphplc seems to be more useful for this purpose since revealed a more extensive profile | MEDAL |
a computer MM of the entire hH1 has been developed for simulation of the excitation and repolarization process spatial CSD of refractory periods and conduction velocities in the different cardiac tissues the anisotropy of conduction in the ventricles and the cycle length dependence of RPs and conduction E/A are taken into account the algorithm calculating the activation process is based on a modified version of huygens principle for constructing wavefronts this T0 presents simulations concerning the gap phenomenon of the CS and the initiation of tachycardias in a heart with WPW syndrome results are compared for different basic cycle lengths and for normal and prolonged RPs in the HPS the gap phenomenon was found to be present only when using the prolonged RPs in the hispurkinjesystem at a cycle length of ms induction of tachycardia by a single S2 in the high right atrium in a HR with a bidirectionally conducting accessory pathway is possible by properly timed extrastimuli the coupling interval of the stimulus for initiating a reentrant tachycardia depends on the cycle length the conduction velocities and the set of refractory periods used the same parameters determine whether or not a gap phenomenon in atrioventricular conduction occurs the MM may be useful for investigating similar questions concerning the reentry phenomena of ART | MEDAL |
the effects of dexamethasone a synthetic glucocorticoid and of DMF on in vitro growth and differentiation and on protooncogene expression of RD cells were studied rd clone cells derived from the embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cell line rd treated with nm dexamethasone showed an almost CR block of differentiation about myosinpositive cells were observed after weeks of culture in dexamethasonesupplemented DM compared to of untreated cultures dexamethasone also induced a growth inhibition and a more flattened morphology the treatment with DMF induced a significantly increased proportion of myosinpositive cells reaching about and a growth inhibition induction of differentiation inversely correlated with the levels of cmyc protooncogene expression after a week SC dexamethasonetreated cells showed the highest cmyc expression and nndimethylformamidetreated cells the lowest culture conditions per se downmodulated cerbb and upregulated cjun expression with no relationship to the differentiation pattern other protooncogenes were not expressed csis nmyc cmos cmyb or were not modulated cfos craf therefore dexamethasone and nndimethylformamide both causing a decreased growth rate showed opposing actions on myogenic differentiation and on cmyc protooncogene expression of RD cells | MEDAL |
the ability of oxyphenbutazone a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug to react with singlet oxygen and superoxide anions possible mediators of the damage to the lipids of the cell membranes during inflammation was studied oxyphenbutazone inhibited the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium in aerobic riboflavinphotosensitized oxidation of Met but did not influence the cytochrome creduction by superoxidegenerating system xanthinexanthine oxidase oxyphenbutazone was photooxidized in the presence of rose bengal the latter being a photosensitizer the increase of the reaction rate of oxyphenbutazoneoxidation in do as compared to ho as well as the inhibition of oxidation by singlet oxygenquencher sodium azide confirmed the participation of singlet oxygen in this process it was found that oxyphenbutazone reacted with singlet oxygen but did not react with superoxide anions this was supported by the observed protection of ghosts from the hemolytic action of the singlet oxygengenerating system rose bengal CS | MEDAL |
we previously reported direct evidence of respiratory bursting by neutrophils in the pulmonary circulation of endotoxininfused rats to evaluate the effect of the protease inhibitor nafamostat mesilate nm on leukocytemediated radical formation in the pulmonary circulation of rats infused with endotoxin we observed and measured the number of sticking leukocytes and quantified radical production in the pulmonary circulation of endotoxininfused rats by means of a FL imaging technique plasma ca desarg was also measured using an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay three groups n of rats were infused with mgkgh endotoxin et group microgkgh nm endotoxin nm group or PS ct group for h the number of the leukocytes adhering within pulmonary capillaries oxygen radical production in the rat pulmonary circulation and plasma ca desarg were all lower in the nm group than in the et group the WBCs producing oxygen radicals were confirmed to be neutrophils by electron microscopic analysis of cerium deposition we conclude that nm attenuates plasma ca formation neutrophil adherence to pulmonary capillaries and their production of oxygen radical in rats infused with endotoxin | MEDAL |
in an outbreak of escherichia EHEC infection occurred in children in a nursery school in saitama japan the organism was isolated from TW supplied from the well in the school clinical manifestations varied from asymptomatic infection to nonbloody diarrhoea haemorrhagic colitis haemolytic uraemic syndrome hus and death among cultureconfirmed cases of e EHEC children were asymptomatic children had only diarrhoea and children developed hus bloody diarrhoea with ABD pain following initial frequent diarrhoea appeared to be associated with subsequent hus in patients with hus both leucocyte count and lactate dehydrogenase activity continued to increase in the early phase of the disease and on day of illness attained markedly higher levels than in patients without hus these two parameters seemed to be important as predictors of the development of hus | MEDAL |
a number of studies have used mindfulnessbased interventions to influence the SMB of people with intellectual disabilities to improve their quality of life and to reduce challenging behavior the present review critically evaluates studies and assesses the clinical and academic impact of their findings strengths identified included replicable methodological approaches use of multiple baseline designs strong construct and criterion validity and consideration of the mechanisms by which mindfulness influences SMB NC limitations included a lack of randomized controlled trials inclusion of qualitative data without structured analysis limited use of statistical analyses and problems with sampling leading to difficulties generalizing findings there was also a paucity of research investigating the impact of dialectical behavior therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy and the role of mindfulness within these approaches further research is warranted in this regard | MEDAL |
EC50 of vascular smooth muscle following betaadrenergic stimulation may result from reduction of the cytoplasmic ca concentration reduction in the sensitivity of the contractile apparatus to ca or both to help resolve these possibilities we measured the extent of activation of ca x calmodulinsensitive phosphodiesterase in intact porcine PD strips as a PET indicator of the Ca2+i both calmodulinstimulated phosphodiesterase activity and AS force increased during k stimulation of PD strips relaxation of kcontracted i.a. strips following CS- withdrawal was accompanied by rapid inactivation of ca x calmodulinsensitive phosphodiesterase the temporal relationship between isoproterenolinduced relaxation and inactivation of ca x calmodulinsensitive phosphodiesterase was studied in both histamine and kcontracted tissues stimulation of strips with microm histamine or with mm k led to comparable increases both in AS force and in calmodulinstimulated phosphodiesterase activity thereafter sustained contraction elicited by histamine was accompanied by a decrease in calmodulinstimulated phosphodiesterase activity isoproterenol rapidly relaxed histaminecontracted strips and accelerated the decrease in phosphodiesterase activity in contrast sustained contraction in response to k was accompanied by a sustained elevation of calmodulinstimulated phosphodiesterase activity isoproterenol treatment of kcontracted tissues led to relaxation that was slow and incomplete and it had very little effect on calmodulinstimulated phosphodiesterase activity we conclude that reduction of the cytoplasmic ca concentration is important for rapid relaxation of the PD following betaadrenergic stimulation we cannot disallow the possibility that a decrease in the sensitivity of the contractile apparatus to ca is involved to some degree | MEDAL |
unpolymerized resin comonomers or mercury hg can be released from restorative dental materials eg composites and amalgam they can diffuse into the tooth pulp or the gingiva they can also reach the gingiva and organs by the circulating blood T3 the uptake from swallowed saliva the cytotoxicity of dental composite components hydroxyethylmethacrylate hema triethyleneglycoldimethacrylate tegdma urethanedimethacrylate udma and bisglycidylmethacrylate bisgma as well as the amalgam component hg as hgcl and MeHg chloride mehgcl was investigated on human GF hgfs at two time intervals to test the cytotoxicity of substances the bromodeoxyuridine brdu assay and the lactate dehydrogenase ldh assay were used the test substances were added in various concentrations and cells were incubated for or h the ec values were obtained as halfmaximumeffect concentrations from fitted curves following ec values were found brdu mean mmoll sem in parentheses n h h hema tegdma udma bisgma hgcl and mehgcl following ec values were found ldh mean mmoll sem in parentheses n h h hema tegdma udma bisgma and mehgcl in both assays the following range of increased toxicity was found for composite components and h hema tegdma udma bisgma in both assays mehgcl was the most toxic substance in the brdu CA hg was about fourfold less toxic than mehgcl but hg was about fourfold more toxic than bisgma in the brdu test a significantly p decreased toxicity was observed for hg at h compared to the h hgexposure a time depending decreased toxicity was observed only for hg which can then reach the toxic level of bisgma | MEDAL |
the msda gene encodes methylmalonic acid semialdehyde dehydrogenase msdh and is known to be involved in valine catabolism in streptomyces coelicolor using degenerative primers a homolog of msda gene was cloned and sequenced from the MON producer streptomyces cinnamonensis rtpcr results showed msda was expressed in a vegetative culture bumpseed culture and the early stages of oilbased monensin fermentation however isotopic labeling of MON a by cbutyrate revealed that this msdh does not play a role in providing precursors such as methylmalonylcoa for the monensin biosynthesis under these fermentation conditions using a pcrtargeting method msda was disrupted by insertion of an apramycin resistance gene in s cinnamonensis c fermentation results revealed that the resulting deltamsda mutant cxl produced comparable C2 of monensin to that observed for c this result is consistent with the hypothesis that butyrate metabolism in s cinnamonensis in the oilbased fermentation is not mediated by msda and that methylmalonylcoa is probably produced through direct oxidation of the pros methyl group of isobutyrylcoa the cxl mutant and c were both able to grow in minimal medium with valine or butyrate as the sole carbon source contrasting previous observations for s coelicolor which demonstrated msda is required for growth on valine in conclusion loss of the s cinnamonensis msda neither affects valine catabolism in a MM nor butyrate metabolism in an oilbased medium and its role remains an enigma | MEDAL |
we report three cases of folinic acidresponsive intractable neonatal seizures all patients were born at term following normal gestation and delivery in the first infant seizures began on the th day of life and were unresponsive to phenobarbital pyridoxine and valproate but stopped within hours of initiation of CF treatment at the age of months her sibling had died at age months with intractable seizures in the second infant seizures began in the nd hour of life these were initially controlled with phenobarbital however at months of age she developed SE refractory to anticonvulsants CS and pyridoxine and she required repeated induction of pentobarbital coma seizures stopped within hours of starting CF seizures and encephalopathy were noted in the third infant on the nd day of life these were controlled with phenobarbital but at weeks of age seizures recurred and were difficult to control despite the addition of phenytoin immediately after CF was initiated the seizures stopped bnce maximum did not change but the FI of the melittinsr membrane complex decreased by approximately with rate constant min melittin rapidly quenched the isotropic signal in the epr spectrum of spinlabeled stearic acid added to sr CM further changes in the spectral parameters of the spin probe bound to sr membranes in the presence of melittin indicated an increase of the viscosity of the probe microenvironment empiric parameter teta was decreased by approximately with rate constant min the surface potential of sr membranes measured using a phsensitive dye neutral red decreased T3 melittin addition from to mv it was demonstrated with the use of a crosslinking agent cupric ophenanthroline that melittin induced slow aggregation of caatpase protein in sr membranes the content of enzyme in the monomeric form decreased with rate constant min it is concluded that melittin binds rapidly to sr membranes inducing slow changes in caatpase conformation and oligomeric state as well as structural transitions in the lipid bilayer of sr CM | MEDAL |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.