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in vivo nicotine in CS induces various effects not only on the respiratory system but also the CE and peripheral nerve systems circulatory organs and digestive organs and there is a possibility of promotion of lung tumorigenesis the present experiment was conducted to examine histopathological changes caused by nicotine in the lung with repeated IT it sixweekold male f rats were po nicotine by it at doses of and mg nicotinerat every weeks beginning at week for up to a total of times and were then sacrificed at week the total number of administrations TD of NIC and effective number of rats were times mg and rats and times mg and rats for the mg nicotinerat group times mg and rats and times mg and rats for the mg group and times mg and rats for the mg group respectively as a control group rats were administered ml salinerat times some rats administered and mg NIC suffered convulsions just T3 administration histopathologically though proliferative changes were not observed PMNL infiltration edema and fibrosis in the lung were induced by NIC in conclusion repeated treatment of NIC promoted neurologic symptoms in the acute phase and strong inflammation in the lungs in the chronic phase even at a low dose toxicity of nicotine is suggested to depend not on total dose of nicotine in the experiment but rather on repeated injury with consecutive administration | MEDAL |
the pH and lipophilicity of the fluorinated arylalkylsulphonamides are determined by the nature of the substituents on their aromatic rings herbicidal and antiinflammatory effects of these compounds appear to increase with their lipophilicity according to mitchells chemiosmotic theory lipophilic weakacid uncoupling agents act by transporting protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane and thus destroying the protonelectrochemical potential gradient required for atp synthesis and ion transport trifluoronmethylphenylsulphonyl phenylmethanesulphonamide perfluidone a pre and postemergence herbicide at microm concentration in isolated ratliver mitochondria caused a fold stimulation of metabolic state respiration a reduction of respiratory control ratio rcr by at least an enhancement of latent atpase activity by a significant passive swelling of mitochondria in n nhcldelta a proton intrusion during state respiration ng hminmg protein ng hminmg protein with microm perfluidone and at least stimulation of oligomycininhibited QO2 these profiles are qualitatively comparable with those of the classical lipophilic weakacid uncoupler carbonylcyanidetrifluoromethoxyphenylene hydrazone fccp which acts by promoting the electrogenic transport of h ions across mitochondrial membrane | MEDAL |
astrocytes spontaneously PR glu glut as a gliotransmitter gt resulting in the generation of extrasynaptic nmdarmediated slow inward currents sics in neighboring SN which can increase local neuronal excitability however there is a deficit in our knowledge of the AF that control spontaneous astrocyte gt PR and the extent of its influence we found that in rat BB slices increasing the supply of the physiological transmitter glut increased the frequency and signaling charge of sics over an D2 period this phenomenon was replicated by exogenous preexposure to the amino acid D-Asp dasp using dasp as a false gt we determined the extent of local neuron excitation by gt release in ventrobasal thalamus ca hippocampus and SmI by analyzing synchronized neuronal nmdarmediated excitation we found that the properties of the excitation were conserved in different BB areas in the three areas astrocytederived gt release synchronized groups of neurons at distances of μm individual SN participated in more than one synchronized population indicating that individual neurons can be excited by more than one astrocyte and that individual astrocytes may determine a SN synchronized network the results confirm that astrocytes can act as excitatory NO that can influence neurons over a significant range in a number of BB regions our findings further suggest that chronic elevation of ambient glut levels can lead to increased gt glut release which may be relevant in some pathological states | MEDAL |
the CAA Arg has been shown to affect the growth of several tumours although the mechanisms of its action are not clear in the present study using a human breast tumour cell L1 mcf we investigated the arginine requirements of tumour cells for optimal protein synthesis and growth and the metabolic pathway responsible for the argininedependent growth the results showed that mcf cells are highly dependent on Arg for growth and that the requirement for arginine is much higher than for an indispensable amino acid leucine indicating that Arg is needed for pathways other than protein synthesis in argininefree cultures growth could be CR restored by the urea cycle intermediate citrulline however arginine could not be replaced by the urea cycle intermediate and the direct F0 for polyamine synthesis Orn or by the polyamine putrescine suggesting that the high dependence on Arg is not due to a requirement for polyamine synthesis moreover inhibition of nos no nitric oxide synthase did not affect cell protein synthesis and growth and the arginine analogue and substrate for nos homoarginine could not replace Arg implying that the conversion of arginine into no is not involved in the growthpromoting effects of arginine the major determinant for the high dependence of mcf cells for arginine was found to be the irreversible conversion of this CAA into ornithine by the intracellular enzyme arginase the conversion into ornithine caused a progressive depletion of arginine from the SC medium which ultimately inhibited cell protein synthesis and halted growth intracellular arginase activity may be the L1 factor determining the requirement for arginine of all cells in SC | MEDAL |
by utilizing chimeric genes constructed from flanking sequences of the human cypb pc gene and reporter genes chloramphenicol AT or rb betaglobin a nucleotide sequence has been found to be required for campdependent transcription this CS base pairs shows no homology to that of the consensus cre campregulatory PE gel retardation analysis shows that a proteindna complex is formed between this dna sequence and nuclear proteins from mouse adrenal y RT cells or bovine adrenal cortical cells or human fetal adrenal tissue and that formation of this complex cannot be competed by dna containing the consensus cre CS even though campenhanced accumulation of pc mrna in primary cultures of bovine adrenocortical cells is inhibited by the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide reporter gene transcription enhanced by the campresponsive base pair fragment of the human cypb gene is not we conclude that campdependent transcription of the human pc gene cypb an event required for maintenance of optimal steroidogenic capacity in the adrenal SC involves a SD transcription factors distinct from the crebinding protein furthermore the campdependent cisregulatory element of the human pc gene is distinct from those found associated with the other steroid hydroxylase genes CYP17 cytochrome p cholesterol side chain cleavage cytochrome p and betahydroxylase cytochrome p suggesting that each of these genes may require its own set of specific transcription AF for campdependent regulation | MEDAL |
GSK gskbeta is a CA prolinedirected serinethreonine kinase that controls growth modulation and tumorigenesis through multiple intracellular signaling pathways how gskbeta regulates signaling pathways induced by cytokines such as tumor CN factor tnf is poorly understood in this study we used fibroblasts derived from gskbeta genedeleted mice to understand the role of this kinase in tnf signaling tnf induced nfkappab activation as measured by dna IB in wildtype MEFs but deletion of gskbeta abolished this activation this inhibition was due to suppression of ikappabalpha kinase activation and ikappabalpha phosphorylation ubiquitination and Kd tnfinduced nfkappab reporter gene transcription was also suppressed in gskbeta genedeleted cells nfkappab activation induced by lipopolysaccharide interleukinbeta or cigarette smoke condensate was CR suppressed in gskbeta cells deletion of gskbeta also abolished tnfinduced cjun NT kinase and pp mitogenactivated kinase activation most surprisingly tnfinduced akt activation also required the presence of gskbeta tnf induced expression of the nfkappabregulated gene products cyclin d cox mmp survivin iap iap bclxl bfla traf and flip in wildtype mouse EFs but not in gskbeta cells and this correlated with potentiation of tnfinduced apoptosis as indicated by cell viability AV IF and ICE activation overall our results indicate that gskbeta plays a critical role in tnf signaling and in the signaling of other inflammatory stimuli and that its suppression can be exploited as a potential target to inhibit angiogenesis proliferation and survival of tumor cells | MEDAL |
this T0 aims to compare stress transmitted to implants and passive fit of onepiece cast frameworks fabricated with different materials commercially pure titanium gcp ti cobaltchromium alloy gcocr and nickelchromiumtitanium alloy gnicrti in total frameworks simulating bars for fixed prosthesis in a model with implants were fabricated the passive fit of the framework interface was measured using an optical TSM and the stresses transmitted to implants were measured using quantitative photoelastic analysis data were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance anova and least significant difference lsd tests α mean and standard deviation values of passive fit and stress over implants are presented respectively g μm and kpa g μm and kpa and g μm and kpa for AS over implants there were significant differences between g g and g p being the lowest values for the g there were no significant differences for passive fit between g and g p but both were statistically different from g p and p respectively which showed the worse results it may be concluded that the stress over implants was affected by the tested materials the cp ti presented the best values for the evaluatedus middle FC gyrus and anterior cingulate appear to serve as an assistive network in the case of damage to traditional language regions that include IFG middle temporal gyrus supramarginal gyrus and angular gyrus right hemisphere posterior regions including right MT gyrus right SMG and right angular gyrus are engaged in the case of extensive damage to left hemisphere language regions additionally right IFG pars orbitalis is presumed to serve a monitoring function these results reinforce the importance of the left hemisphere in language processing in aphasia and provide a framework for the relative importance of left and RA language regions in the brain | MEDAL |
in the human BB homologous regions of the primary motor cortices ms are connected through transcallosal SF interhemispheric communication between the two ms plays a major role in the control of unimanual hand movements and the strength of this connection seems to be dependent on arm activity for instance a lesion in the m can induce an increase in the excitability of the intact m and an abnormal high GABA influence onto the damaged m this can be attributable to either the disuse of the affected limb or the overuse of the unaffected one here to directly investigate cortical modifications induced by an abnormal asymmetric use of the two limbs we studied both the excitability of the two ms and transcallosal interacton a bacteroidetes phylotype flavobacterium sp proved to be dominant throughout the river course MVA suggests that spatial R2 of bcc along the cértima river basin depended mainly on parameters such as chl a total suspended solid tss TOC electrical conductivity and hcoformula see text C2 bacteroidetes phylotypes were all related to higher electrical conductivity and hcoformula see text levels although some of these were also correlated with high soformula see text and others with high soluble reactive phosphorus nitrate tn and kjeldn levels the gammaproteobacteria occurrence was correlated with high soformula see text levels one of the betaproteobacteria phylotypes showed to correlate with low redox potential eh and high temperature ph tss and chl a C2 while another one showed a negative rho with chl a values | MEDAL |
a forcevelocity relationship in overarm throwing was determined using ball weights varying from to kg seven experienced handball players were filmed at frames per second velocity of joints of the upper extremity and ball together with the force on the ball were derived from the data a statistically significant negative relationship between force and maximal ball velocity as well as between ball weight and maximal ball velocity was observed also with increase of ball weight the total throwing movement time increased no significant change in relative timing of the different joints was demonstrated suggesting that the subjects did not change their global coordination DP kinematics within the tested range of ball weights a simple model revealed that of ball velocity at ball PR was explained by the summation of effects from the velocity of elbow extension and internal rotation of the shoulder with regard to the upper extremity the IR of the shoulder and elbow extension are two important contributors to the total ball velocity at release key pointsan inverse relationship between load and velocity and a linear forcevelocity exists in overarm throwing with ball weights varying from to kgqualitatively no changes in coordination DP relative timing occur with increasing ball weight within the tested range of ball weightsthe absolute throwing movement time increased with ball weightquantitatively with regard to the upper extremity the internal rotation of the shoulder and elbow extension are two important contributors to the total ball velocity at PR | MEDAL |
local recurrence lr of CMM cmm is a controversial issue especially in regard to recommendations for margins of excision of primary cmm factual evidence in support of the belief that wider margins of excision decrease the risk of local recurrence is meagre but recommendations for adjusting margins of excision according to tumour thickness are still presented the histological features of lr indicate that two mechanisms are involved persistent growth of incompletely excised primary melanoma and local metastasis the second group comprises the most common form of lr and is associated with a poor prognosis indicating that it is a manifestation of SVR disease the morphological features and the prognostic implications of lr indicate that many are due to haematogenous rather than lymphatic metastasis CT and therefore are not preventable by wider excisions beyond CR excision of the primary tumour itself the concept that most lrs are metastases is consistent with the failure of wide margins of excision to prevent lr the higher risk of lr associated with greater tumour thickness is associated with the increased risk of metastasis from the thicker tumours not with the extent of excision the resolution of the controversy regarding the primary surgical treatment of cmm depends on the recognition by pathologists and clinicians alike that the two types of lr have diagnostic microscopic features and that they have entirely different implications for prognosis | MEDAL |
the PPC ppc serves as an interface between sensory and motor cortices by integrating multisensory signals with motorrelated information sensorimotor transformation of somatosensory signals is crucial for the generation and updating of body representations and movement plans using VA transneuronal transfer of rabies virus in combination with a conventional tracer we identified direct and polysynaptic somatosensory pathways to two PPC areas the VP LIP lipv and the rostral part of the medial intraparietal area mip in macaque monkeys in addition to direct projections from somatosensory Az v and a respectively we found that lipv and mip receive disynaptic inputs from the dorsal column nuclei as directly as these somatosensory Az via a parallel channel lipv is the target of minor neck musclerelated projections from the cuneate cu and the external cuneate nuclei ecu and direct projections from area v that likely carry kinestheticvestibularoptokineticrelated signals in contrast mip receives major arm and shoulder proprioceptive inputs disynaptically from the rostral cu and ecu and trisynaptically via area a from caudal portions of these nuclei these findings have important implications for the understanding of the influence of proprioceptive information on movement control operations of the ppc and the formation of body representations they also contribute to explain the TPS deficits of proprioceptive guidance of movement associated to optic ataxia | MEDAL |
to evaluate the effect of diabetes during pregnancy on cesarean delivery and to determine whether the association between diabetes during pregnancy and cesarean delivery is mediated by birth weight | MEDAL |
changes in the neurogenic release of calcitonin generelated peptide cgrp by perivascular nerve stimulation pns were investigated in perfused MES V1 beds isolated from SH rats shr and NW kyoto rats wky cgrplike immunoreactivity cgrpli in the perfusate was examined by radioimmunoassay ria and identified to be cgrp itself by combined analysis with radioimmunoassay and hplc in shr and wky S9 pns and hz evoked a frequencydependent increase of cgrpli in the perfusate which was abolished by nm tetrodotoxin and the removal of ca from the medium in young shr and wky weekold there was no significant difference in the release of cgrpli induced by pns whereas the PR in the weekold shr was significantly less than in the weekold wky and in weekold shr these results suggest that neural PR of cgrp from perivascular SN in MES resistance vessels of shr decreases with age | MEDAL |
coronary calcium mass percentiles can be derived from electron beam ct as well as from multidetectorrow ct of all manufacturers coronary calcium mass may serve as a more individualized substitute for age for cardiac risk stratification the aim was to investigate the potential impact of ct CC mass quantification on cardiac risk stratification using an adjusted framingham score standardized CC mass was determined by multidetectorrow ct in a total of patients male female the impact on risk stratification of replacing the traditional framingham age point score by a point score based on calcium mass relative to age was tested any CC found in males in the age group of years and females in the age group of years results in an increase of the framingham score by and points respectively only in males years of age and older none or minimal amounts of coronary calcium decrease the framingham score by three points the coronary calcium mass and agerelated scoring system may have impact on the reassignment of patients with an intermediate framingham risk to a lower or higher risk group | MEDAL |
misclassification errors in a dependent variable can introduce attenuation bias to covariate effects in a binary choice model misreporting of smoking behaviours by adolescents has been widely documented however the consequence in empirical studies of adolescent smoking participation has received little attention this study uses the health survey for england hse to investigate the extent and implication of misclassification PE in selfreported smoking among adolescents aged years the hse contains both a selfreported smoking component and an objective measure of smoking obtained from saliva cotinine assays saliva cotinine concentration ⥠ngml is considered the true indicator of adolescent smoking participation against which selfreported smoking is compared the findings show that smoking is misreported in this age group resulting in a downwards bias of marginal effect estimates given the widespread use of selfreported smoking data this T0 explores the performance of the hausman abrevaya and scottmortonmodified maximum likelihood estimation has RPA in recovering true estimates of covariate effects in this context the has RPA performs better when the misclassification probabilities are treated as constants compared with when they are treated as conditionally dependent parameters copyright © john wiley sons ltd | MEDAL |
the main cause of diplopia induced by orbital floor fracture is strangulation or damage of the extraocular muscles and the outcome varies depending on the severity of trauma in this study we evaluated the dynamics of the eyeball and inferior rectus muscle based on cine magnetic resonance mr images acquired before surgery the preoperative images and outcomes were retrospectively investigated | MEDAL |
previous studies have demonstrated that expression of virulence in shigella spp is controlled by growth temperature to T0 the regulation of virulence vir genes we set out to develop a rapid easilyassayed phenotype with which to measure expression of virulence this report described a procedure for isolating virlac operon fusions in s flexneri a by using the specialized transducing bacteriophage mu dapr lac of casadaban and cohen m casadaban and s n cohen proc natl acad sci usa mu dapr lac lysogens were isolated and screened for loss of virulence and for temperaturedependent expression of the lactose genes on mu dapr lac a recombinant plasmid carrying the mu immunity gene was also introduced into lysogens of interest to stabilize the mu dapr lac IS and prevent possible thermal induction at degrees c the mutant which we isolated failed to penetrate tissue culture cells in the assay for virulence and produced almost fold more betagalactosidase when grown at degrees c than when grown at degrees c the site of insertion of mu dapr lac in this strain was shown to be in the megadalton plasmid psfa which is known to be associated with virulence plmediated transduction of the insertion into a virulent recipient demonstrated genetic linkage of mu dapr lac with loss of virulence and temperaturedependent expression of betagalactosidase all of these features fulfill the phenotype expected for a mu dapr lacinduced virlac operon F0 this mutant provides us with a means of measuring expression of a gene CF required for virulence by assaying for betagalactosidase the IS will also serve as a starting point for mapping of genes on psfa which are necessary for expression of virulence | MEDAL |
the purpose of this T0 was to compare the daytime hourly responses of TT4 t and triiodothyronine t during an hour recovery period following aerobic and anaerobic exercise to an equivalent nonexercise control period the data were examined for hourly mean differences as well as by determination of the integrated area under the curve auc responses significant persistent elevations hourly concentrations and auc from control C2 in total t following both aerobic and anaerobic exercise were found total t however was transiently elevated only in the hourly concentration immediately following exercise compared with the control following aerobic exercise but remained unaffected by anaerobic exercise no significant changes in the T3 auc responses were found due to exercise the present findings demonstrate that exercise aerobic and anaerobic disrupts the daytime hourly pattern for total t in the blood but apparently has minimal effect on total t | MEDAL |
the objective of this study is to determine the risk of fetal loss SAB or stillbirth following a prenatal diagnosis of trisomy t patau syndrome or trisomy t edwards syndrome five regional congenital anomaly registers in england and wales provided details on the outcomes of pregnancies prenatally diagnosed with t and prenatally diagnosed with t for each pregnancy the time from prenatal diagnosis until birth miscarriage or termination occurred was calculated and these times were analyzed using KM survival functions our results showed that between weeks gestation and term an estimated ci of pregnancies diagnosed with t and of pregnancies diagnosed with t ended in a miscarriage or stillbirth between weeks and term the proportions were for t and for t and between weeks and term the proportions were for t and for t male fetuses with t appeared to be more likely to be lost than female fetuses these are the most precise estimates currently available for the risk of loss in a general population these estimates should be useful in counseling women who are carrying an affected fetus and knowing the risk of fetal loss is essential to compare the performance of prenatal screening programs occurring in the first and second trimester | MEDAL |
we used threedimensional imaging of the cisternal architecture with perspective VR of CTC in patients with unruptured CBF aneurysms selective changes in the opacity chart of computed tomographic values based on the use of a function of downward Mw represented the contour of the structures located in the cisternal space in addition to this using a spiked peak curve it was possible to show the contour of the outer wall of the cisternal structures as a series of rings which provided a transparent view inside andor outside the cistern through the spaces between the rings transparent imaging technique allowed direct visualization of the underlying objects and offered an extensive perspective view of the anatomical architecture of the cisternal structure including an aneurysm L1 basal arteries and optic pathway in a single view threedimensional ct cisternography may be a useful adjunct for the diagnosis of the cisternal architecture in relation to the surrounding CSF fluid and for simulation of the surgical procedures considered for lesions occupying intracisternal space including cerebral aneurysms | MEDAL |
the seed of five fruits and vegetables which are often eaten by chinese people were selected as research objects to study the physicochemical properties nutritional ingredients and antioxidant capacity of their seed oils the fatty acid results indicated that the OA was the main unsaturated fatty acid in almond oil and celery seed oil content of and respectively and the wax gourd seed oil watermelon seed oil and pumpkin seed oil were LA as the main unsaturated fatty acid content of and respectively unsaturated fatty acids are mainly located at the sn position of the triacylglycerol tag whereas saturated fatty acids are mainly located at the sn positions for the five seed oils the pumpkin seed oil had certain advantages in terms of phytosterols and squalene and mgkg respectively the high content of polyphenol for celery seed oil exhibits higher medicinal value polyphenols and brassicasterols were have significant rho with antioxidant capacity p r the significant differences in nutrient composition between these fruits and vegetables seed oils indicate their unique value as food | MEDAL |
management protocols for minor head injury should include strategies for early detection of intracranial haematomas this study focuses on the management of minor head injury in norwegian hospitals we report considerable interhospital variation in most hospitals minor HI patients were treated by GA surgeons emergency room evaluation included routine radiological DUE usually skull radiography in hospitals and assessment according to the glasgow coma scale gcs in gcs was used during inhospital observation in hospitals discharged selected minor HI patients without inhospital observation we conclude that the SQ of care for minor head injury patients in norwegian hospitals can be improved through D2 use of routine early ct and consistent DUE according to gcs | MEDAL |
somatosensory evoked potentials seps are most commonly obtained after stimulation of the median nerve and the PTN seps reflect conduction of the afferent volley along the peripheral nerve dorsal columns and medial lemniscal pathways to the primary somatosensory SC shortlatency seps are recorded over the spine and scalp T3 PT nerve stimulation the following waveforms are recorded n w the dorsal column volley n p n and p T3 median nerve stimulation the brachial plexus volley dorsal column volley n n p n n and p potentials are recorded we discuss the current state of knowledge about the generators of these seps such information is crucial for proper interpretation of sep abnormalities | MEDAL |
review article on mr arthrography technique and main indications intraarticular i.t. of diluted gadolinium provides good distension and better appreciation of intraarticular structures than standard mri it is useful for partial tears of the rotator cuff in cases of glenohumeral instability lesions of the acetabular labrum and hyaline articular cartilage and also for elbow wrist and ankle ligamentous ruptures | MEDAL |
despite the extraordinary improvements carried out in diagnostic and therapeutic management of thalassaemia major over the past few decades bone demineralization is still a common finding even in optimally treated patients the relationships between BD and several clin we have studied the adhesion modulating properties of the most recently characterized tenascin tenascinw cc cells a murine myoblast cell L1 will form broad lamellipodia with SFs and focal adhesion complexes after culture on fibronectin in contrast cc cells cultured on tenascinw fail to spread and form stress fibers or focal adhesion complexes and instead acquire a multipolar shape with short actintipped pseudopodia the same stellate morphology is observed when cc cells are cultured on a mixture of fibronectin and tenascinw or on fibronectin in the presence of soluble tenascinw tenascinw combined with fibronectin also inhibits the spreading of ME fibroblasts when compared with cells cultured on fibronectin CT the similarity between the adhesion modulating effects of tenascinw and tenascinc in vitro led us to T0 the possibility of tenascinw compensating for tenascinc in tenascinc KO especially during epidermal wound healing dermal fibroblasts harvested from a tenascinc knockout mouse express tenascinw but DF taken from a wild type mouse do not however there is no upregulation of tenascinw in the dermis of tenascinc KO or in the granulation tissue of skin wounds in tenascinc KO animals similarly tenascinx is not upregulated in early wound granulation tissue in the tenascinc KO mice thus tenascinw is able to inhibit cell spreading in vitro and it is upregulated in DF taken from the tenascinc knockout mouse but neither it nor tenascinx are likely to compensate for missing tenascinc during wound healing | MEDAL |
resistance to cytotoxic agents is a common clinical problem encountered in the treatment of human myelodysplastic syndromes mds and acute myeloblastic leukaemia aml cellular acquisition of the multidrug resistance mdr phenotype confers loss of sensitivity to a wide range of structurally dissimilar antineoplastic agents this state can arise through increased expression of the mdrl pglycoprotein gene we have used the mdrl gene probe to investigate adriamycin resistant hlar and vinblastine resistant cemvlb human leukaemic cell lines in addition peripheral blood or bone marrow cells from patients with mds and aml have been screened for gene amplification and cases for increased mrna expression pglycoprotein gene amplification was observed only in the cemvlb and not in the hlar on any other leukaemic cell line gene amplification was not found in any patients cells eighteen out of patients showed an increase of mdrl mrna expression these results are not only of significance in understanding the biology of human DR but have practical importance in the design of antileukaemic therapy | MEDAL |
for a long period of time axillary dissection represented a standard RPA for axillary node management in the case of SNB positivity during early stage breast CA treatment in recent years there has been a trend to highlight the morbidity of such an axillary procedure considering longterm survival of early stage breast CA patients two big trials amaros and z were initiated to answer the question whether AD should be performed in the case of positivity of axillary sentinel node considering the fact that more than of these patients will have no metastasis found during the axillary dissection and such a procedure only increases the morbidity of the surgery considering the results of the above mentioned trials axillary dissection may be avoided in the case of fulfilling of inclusion criteria of these trials without any impact on the patient survival ibcsg T0 brought similar conclusion in the case of micrometastasis in axillary sentinel node | MEDAL |
avianspecific toxic equivalency factors tefs were developed by the world health organization to simplify environmental risk assessments of dioxinlike EDC dlcs but tefs do not account for differences in the toxic and biochemical potencies of dlcs among species of birds such variability may be due to differences in species sensitivity to individual dlcs the sensitivity of avian species to dlcs was recently associated with the identity of amino acids and in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor ahr ligand binding domain a luciferase reporter gene lrg CA measuring ahrmediated induction of a cytochrome p a cypa reporter gene in combination with a species ahr ligand binding domain sequence were also shown to predict avian species sensitivity to polychlorinated biphenyls pcbs and pcb relative potency in a given species the goals of the present T0 were to characterize the concentrationdependent effects of tetrachlorodibenzopdioxin and pcbs and on induction of ethoxyresorufin odeethylase erod activity and cypa mrna in chicken ringnecked pheasant and japanese quail embryo HCs and compare these in vitro results to those previously generated by the lrg assay and in ovo toxicity studies erod activity and cypa mrna expression data support and complement the findings of the lrg CA cypa CEA and mrna expression were significantly correlated both with luciferase activity and in ovo toxicity induced by pcbs relative potency values were generally similar between the lrg and erod assays and indicate that the relative potency of some pcbs may differ among species | MEDAL |
two cases of juvenile gastrointestinal polyposis are described and the literature is reviewed despite the benign nature of the individual polyps the disease has a poor prognosis of reported patients had macrocephaly and one of the authors patients had large peripheral intracranial cysts this appears to be the first reported documentation of the etiology of macrocephaly associated with juvenile polyposis L1 clinical problems are related to severe loss of blood and protein from the gastrointestinal tract | MEDAL |
APC from nostoc sp phycobilisomes was separated into four spectrally distinct components designated APC i b ii and iii by adsorption chromatography on brushite columns allophycocyanins i and b had redshifted fluorescence emission maxima and on this basis may function in transfer of excitation SE from phycobilisomes to chlorophyll a allophycyanins ii and iii which together comprise of the total APC have absorption maxima at nm and nm respectively and probably transfer excitation energy from phycocyanin to allophycocyanins i and b in addition to serving a structural function APC i was resolved into alpha beta and gamma subunits with apparent molecular weights of and respectively whereas allophycocyanin b was resolved into two subunits with apparent molecular weights of and using a modified weber and osborn gel PACE system brown a s and troxler r f biochem j in the same gel system allophycocyanins ii and iii were each resolved into alpha and beta subunits with apparent molecular weights of and respectively the subunits of allophycocyanins i ii and iii were isolated by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography and the CAA compositions determined automated CS analysis demonstrated that the first amino acids at the nh terminus of alpha subunits and the beta subunits of allophycocyanins i to iii were MZ alpha subunits serilevalthrlysserilevalasnalaaspalaglualaargtyrleuserprogly gluleuaspargilelysserphevalthr beta subunits alaglnaspalailethralavalileasnalaalaaspvalglnglylystyrleuaspalathralaleuserlysleulysalatyr the gamma subunit of allophycocyanin i and both subunits of allophycocyanin b appeared to be blocked at the nh terminus suggesting that the APC b subunits may be different gene products than those of allophycocyanins i to iii or if the same the subunits of APC b undergo proteolytic modification after initial synthesis | MEDAL |
intracranial pressure icp monitoring is a key clinical tool in the assessment and treatment of patients in neurointensive care icp morphology analysis can be useful in the classification of waveform featuresa methodology for the decomposition of an icp signal into clinically relevant dimensions has been devised that allows the ID of important icp waveform types it has three main components first multiresolution convolution analysis is used for the main signal decomposition then an impulse CF is created with multiple parameters that can represent any form in the signal under analysis finally a simple localised optimisation technique is used to find morphologies of interest in the decomposed dataa pilot application of this methodology using a simple signal has been performed this has shown that the technique works with performance receiver operator characteristic area under the curve values for each of the waveform types plateau wave b wave and high and low compliance states of and respectivelythis is a novel technique that showed some promise during the pilot analysis however it requires further optimisation to become a usable clinical tool for the automated analysis of icp signals | MEDAL |
we have cloned via recombinant dna technology the mrna CS for rat pancreatic preprokallikrein four cloned overlapping dsDNA cdnas gave a continuous mrna CS of nucleotides beginning within the noncoding region and extending to the polya tail the mrna CS reveals that pancreatic kallikrein is synthesized as a prezymogen of amino acids including a proposed secretory prepeptide of amino acids and a proposed activation peptide of amino acids the activation peptide although similar in length is distinct from those of the other classes of pancreatic serine proteases the CAA sequence of the predicted active form of the enzyme is closely related to the partial sequences obtained for other kallikreinlike serine proteases including rat submaxillary gland kallikrein pig pancreatic and submaxillary gland kallikreins the gamma subunit of mouse nerve growth factor and rat tonin key CAA residues thought to be involved in the substratecleavage specificity of kallikreins are retained hybridization analysis showed relatively high C2 of kallikrein mrna in the rat pancreas submaxillary and parotid glands spleen and kidney indicating the active synthesis of kallikrein in these tissues | MEDAL |
the purpose of this report was to determine the effectiveness of TPE tpe in preoperative preparation of patients with thyrotoxicosis scheduled for either thyroid or nonthyroid surgery we retrospectively reviewed patients with thyrotoxicosis and those who prepared surgery with plasmapheresis between and at our institution ten patients underwent thyroid surgery and one patient was operated for femur fracture during antithyroid drug treatment the indications for plasmapheresis in all patients with severe thyrotoxicosis were poor response to medical treatment seven patients agronulocytosis due to antithyroid drugs three patients iodineinduced thyrotoxicosis jodd basedow effect in one patient and rapid preparation for urgent orthopedic T0 one patient T3 tpe we observed a marked decrease in free thyroxin ft and free triiodothyronin ft C2 however the decline in the biochemical values were not statically significant p p although both ft and ft levels remained above the normal limits in two of patients the signs and PS of thyrotoxicosis improved in all patients and no thyroid storm observed during the perioperative period tpe can be considered a safe and ERP alternative to prepare patients with thyrotoxicosis for surgery when drug treatment fails or is contraindicated and when emergency surgery is required | MEDAL |
our intention is to review recent data and provide recommendations for the use of antibiotics in cases of PT labor or PT premature ROM pprom various studies assessing antibiotics as treatment for PT labor demonstrate neonatal or maternal benefits only in certain circumstances antibiotic treatment should be given to patients with bacterial vaginosis and trichomonas vaginalis currently antibiotics should not be applied routinely to prolong pregnancy in women with preterm labor and IN membranes however antibiotic therapy should be given to patients with pprom to prolong pregnancies at to weeks gestation our management of pprom up to weeks gestation includes use of corticosteroids antibiotic extended spectrum penicillins and tocolytic treatment for PT labor and pregnancy prolongation we consider expectant management previous to evidence of intrauterine infection in women with pprom at to weeks we found it beneficial to deliver hours C2 of CSs or in cases of intrauterine infection immediately finally we report on our research work regarding fetal brain OD in preterm birth further studies will be necessary to clarify the role of the interleukininterleukin receptor pathway in the development of IC hemorrhage frequently occuring in premature infants | MEDAL |
cd CD43 a sialylated glycoprotein expressed on the surface of most hematopoietic cells has been implicated in cell adhesion and signaling however its precise physiological function remains unclear we used mouse cd mcdimmunoglobulin enhancertransgenic tg mice to study the role of mcd in vivo previous work revealed that mcd expression on mature B1 in these mice resulted in immunodeficiency to tdependent td antigens ag possibly by impairing bt cell interactions in the present study we have immunized the tg mice with the tindependent ti ag fluoresceinfl lipopolysaccharide lps ti type ag and flficoll ti type ag surprisingly the mcdig enhancer expressing mice were impaired in their ability to mount humoral responses to both fllps and flficoll and had decreased numbers of cells responding to ag in vivo flow cytometric analysis was performed on peritoneal b cells a population which often plays a L1 role in humoral responses to ti ag such as bacterial ag this analysis revealed similar b igm and cd expression patterns for the tg and nontransgenic ntg b cells in addition purified peritoneal B1 from tg and ntg mice were able to respond to lps stimulation of splenic b cells in vitro with fllps and flficoll revealed that in contrast to ntg b cell responses tg b cell responses could not be enhanced by coculture with TA however soluble t cell factor enhancement of the tg b cell responses was normal these data suggest that the mcd expression on b cells may inhibit cell interactions that are important for enhanced ti ag responses the antiadhesive forces of mucins in GA may thus be critical in regulating both td and ti humoral responses | MEDAL |
hearing and balance disorders affect people of all ages among children hearing loss affects speech and language development academic performance and psychosocial development hearing loss in adults negatively impacts work productivity cognitive function and psychosocial status prevalence of hearing loss in children in hawaii is higher than the national average research indicates that hearing loss is a prevalent condition among veterans and T3 age adults this is of particular concern in hawaii as the state is home to many military training facilities and has a C1 elderly population in contrast to the higher than average prevalence of hearing loss in hawaii there is a relatively small number of practicing audiologists in the state audiologists are independent doctoral level professionals responsible for the assessment and nonmedical management of hearing impairment vestibular disorders AEP processing disorder auditory neuropathy tinnitus and related disorders currently there is no formal audiology training program in hawaii to meet the needs for current or future hearing health professionals the department of communication sciences and disorders at the university of hawaii at mÄnoa is developing a proposal for a doctor of audiology aud program to provide a comprehensive doctorallevel audiology curriculum and clinical training in order to graduate audiologists with knowledge and skills needed to serve people with hearing and balance disorders in hawaii this review article describes the current status of hearing and balance disorders and services in hawaii and stresses the importance of early identification and intervention in remediating their effects in all ages with a focus on the need for expanding hearing health services in hawaii | MEDAL |
sugar syrup decolorization was studied using two commercial and eight beet pulp based activated carbons in an attempt to relate decolorizing performances to other characteristics surface Az pore volumes bulk densities and ash contents of the carbons in the powdered form ph and electrical conductivities of their suspensions and their color adsorption properties from iodine and molasses solution were determined the color removal capabilities of all carbons were measured at ww dosage and isotherms were determined on better samples the two commercial G1 carbons showed different decolorization efficiencies which could be related to their physical and chemical properties the decolorization efficiency of beet pulp carbon prepared at degrees c and activated for h using co was much better than the others and close to the better one of the commercial G1 carbons used it is evident that beet pulp is an inexpensive potential precursor for G1 carbons for use in sugar refining | MEDAL |
the epidemiology of genital herpes is changing with evidence to suggest an increasing incidence of herpes simplex virus type hsv infections the results of hsv genital cultures taken between april and december were reviewed overall hsv was recovered more often than hsv versus this trend was particularly striking in young women years of age or less in whom of isolates were hsv in men of the same age range of isolates were hsv the proportion of women with hsv declined from in those younger than years of age to in those older than years of agethese observations have important implications the decline in the relative proportion of hsv isolates from young adults may be the result of changing sexual practices changing susceptibility or increased SE to hsv during vaginal intercourse in this setting hsv vaccines may be less likely to produce the desired reduction in the overall prevalence of GH infections | MEDAL |
chemical shift anisotropy csa tensors offer a wealth of information for structural and dynamics studies of a variety of chemical and biological systems in particular csa of NH protons can provide piercing insights into hydrogenbonding interactions that vary with the backbone conformation of a protein and dynamics however the narrow span of NH proton resonances makes it very difficult to measure h csas of proteins even by using the recently proposed d hh anisotropicisotropic chemical shift csacs correlation technique such difficulties due to overlapping proton resonances can in general be overcome by utilizing the broad span of isotropic chemical shifts of lowgamma nuclei like n in this context we demonstrate a protondetected d nhh cscsacs rho experiment at fast mas frequency khz to measure h csa values of unresolved NH protons of nacetylnlvalylnlleucine navl | MEDAL |
to determine whether retinal nerve fiber layer thickness rnflt macular thickness mt and foveal volume fv in patients with unilateral amblyopia differ between the amblyopic and the sound eye | MEDAL |
effects of oleic acid or TO on lymphatic recovery of docosahexaenoic acid dha given as an ethyl ester were examined in rats with cannulated thoracic ducts lymphatic REC of ethyl dha given with oleic acid or TO was significantly higher than in rats given ethyl dha CT dha distributed almost exclusively at the and position of triglyceride in lymph collected at h T3 the administration when it was given with oleic acid or TO a small part of dha distributed at the position when ethyl dha was the sole fatty acid given oleic acid given as free acid or triolein with ethyl dha was a major HFA at the position intramolecular CSD of dha and oleic acid in CL triglyceride was similar when ethyl dha was given with OA or triolein | MEDAL |
the conversion of plasminogen to active plasmin is thought to be a crucial step in the process of EM Kd associated with M1 spread activation of plasminogen is initiated by uPA upa the IB of upa to the upa cell surface receptor upar accelerates plasmin generation from plasminogen and localizes upa activity to the cell surface we investigated the mrnaexpression of upar in different human BCC lines in a competitive reverse transcription PCR reaction crtpcr we simultaneously coamplified two different rna templates bearing the same primer recognition sequences the cell L1 rna and a known amount of an in vitro synthesized uparrna internal standard we analyzed the two pcr products differing bp in size by AGE and calculated the initial uparrna template concentration from the relative intensities of the bands quantified by video densitometry we grouped the investigated cell lines according to their in vitro invasiveness according to literature cell lines with a high potential of invasiveness showed a higher expression of upar compared to those with a low potential of invasiveness students ttest p in addition to that we compared the upar mrna C2 with upar upa and pai protein levels in culture supernatants and cell lysates the obtained results in BCC lines with different invasiveness and in benign epithelial cell lines revealed the complex cooperation of the urokinase type proteolytic pathway upa upar and pai are to be considered as a diagnostic tool rather than assaying a particular molecule CT our findings support the hypothesis that the urokinase proteolytic pathway plays a central role in the acquisition of an invasive phenotype and favors its potential use as a prognostic marker in patients with breast CA | MEDAL |
the inactivation of eight different bacteria comprising escherichia coli lmm and mg respectively a pressureresistant strain and the corresponding wildtype salmonella typhimurium pseudomonas fluorescens staphylococcus aureus enterococcus faecalis listeria innocua and lactobacillus plantarum by HHP in skim milk supplemented with the lactoperoxidasehydrogen peroxidethiocyanate lp system at naturally occurring concentration was studied in the absence of pressure treatment the lp system had either no effect ie on s typhimurium and e coli lmm a growth inhibiting effect ie on e coli mg l innocua s aureus l plantarum and e faecalis or a bactericidal effect ie on p fluorescens the presence of the lp system affected inactivation by high pressure in a cell densitydependent manner at low cell concentration cfuml the lp system strongly increased highpressure inactivation as measured immediately after pressure treatment of all bacteria except the pressureresistant e coli at high cell density cfuml only inactivation of l innocua e fae radial water transport in relation to sapwood anatomical characteristics and internal water storage in four canopy tree species of a seasonally dry tropical forest in panama anatomical characteristics of the wood and radial profiles of sap flow were measured at the base upper trunk and crown of a single individual of anacardium excelsum ficus insipida schefflera morototoni and cordia alliodora during two consecutive dry seasons vessel lumen diameter and vessel density did not exhibit a consistent trend axially from the base of the stem to the base of the crown however LD decreased sharply from the base of the crown to the terminal branches the ratio of vessel lumen area to sapwood crosssectional area was consistently higher at the base of the crown than at the base of the trunk in a excelsum f insipida and c alliodora but no axial trend was apparent in s morototoni radial profiles of the preceding wood anatomical characteristics varied according to species and the height at which the wood samples were obtained radial profiles of sap flux density measured with thermal dissipation sensors of VL length near the base of the crown were highly correlated with radial profiles of TPS hydraulic conductivity ks calculated from xylem anatomical characteristics the relationship between sap flux density and ks was speciesindependent deuterium oxide do injected into the base of the trunk of the four study trees was detected in the water transpired from the upper crown after only day in the mtall c alliodora tree days in the mtall f insipida tree days in the mtall a excelsum tree and days in the mtall s morototoni tree radial transport of injected do was detected in a excelsum f insipida and s morototoni but not c alliodora the rate of axial do transport a surrogate for maximum sap velocity was positively correlated with the predicted sapwood ks and with tree height normalized by the relative diurnal water storage capacity residence times for the disappearance of the do tracer in transpired water ranged from days in c alliodora to days in a excelsum and were positively correlated with a normalized index of diurnal water storage capacity capacitive exchange of water between stem storage compartments and the transpiration stream thus had a profound influence on apparent rates of axial water transport the magnitude of radial water movement and the PR time in the tree of water taken up by the roots the inverse relationship between internal water exchange capacity and ks was consistent with a tradeoff contributing to stability of leaf water status through highly efficient water transport at one extreme and PR of stored water at the other extreme | MEDAL |
we investigated metabolic utilization of exogenous modelled T3 lung surfactant phospholipids by granular pneumocytes in primary SC cells were incubated for and min with hmethyldipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine dppc containing liposomes prepared from synthetic lipids radioactivity in cellular phosphatidylcholine pc declined steadily to of the total trypsinresistant cellassociated radioactivity the proportion of radioactivity increased with time in cytidinediphosphatecholine and phosphorylcholine which suggested reutilization of choline for pc synthesis cells incubated with liposomes for h revealed that of the total cellassociated radioactivity was in lamellar bodies and in the microsomal fraction the lipidassociated radioactivity was in soluble in lamellar bodies and in the microsomal fraction percent of total pc label recovered in DSPC of microsomal fractions decreased slope h with time of incubation r incubation of cells with liposomes containing hmethylcholinecpalmitoyl dppc led to altered isotope ratios in both lamellar bodies and microsomes these observations indicate that granular pneumocytes degrade exogenous pc and resynthesize pc from Kd products | MEDAL |
recently highly selective vagotomy has been suggested as both a cause of gastrooesophageal reflux and a potential cure this T0 was designed to investigate whether this T0 produced any NC in the resting pressure or the length of the lower oesophageal sphincter in patients undergoing highly selective vagotomy a group of patients undergoing truncal vagotomy and drainage were also studied for comparison no alteration in the resting pressure or length of the LOS was noted T3 either operation it is therefore unlikely that interference with the sphincter is responsible for postvagotomy reflux | MEDAL |
open reduction and percutaneous kirschner wire fixation was carried out in patients who had sustained recent allman type dislocations of the acromioclavicular joint at follow up failure to maintain reduction had occurred in two patients both over years all younger patients had returned to former sporting activities complications encountered were infrequent cosmetic results were satisfactory | MEDAL |
several lines of evidence biochemical neuroanatomical electrophysiological and behavioural have indicated a critical role for the IMHV of the chick forebrain in the acquisition of a passive avoidance response previous lesion studies indicated that bilateral or left but not right pretraining intermediate medial HV lesions interfere with the acquisition of this task we have further analysed this asymmetrical involvement of the intermediate MHV by use of a monocular learning protocol and IMHV lesions sham BL or unilateral the results indicated that there is interocular transfer of information of PAL between the two eye systems with a tendency to be more successful from the RA eye system to the left than in the opposite direction as in binocular conditions bilateral pretraining IMHV lesions impair learning in monocularly TR animals unilateral lesions to either left or RA monocularly trained experimental animals resulted in amnesia when they were made to the RA IMHV and the chicks were trainedtested with the left eye open these results indicate that although RA IMHV lesions do not result in amnesia in binocular animals this region is capable of participating in memory acquisition processes they also suggest a connection between lateralization of IMHV function in PAL and the behavioural and structural visual asymmetries known to occur in chicks | MEDAL |
loss of TR muscle CF represents the single most important source of LT morbidity from a radical ND its preservation has been one of the CE features of the conservative or modified neck dissection we recently undertook an evaluation of consecutive patients who had undergone composite resection for head and neck cancer and examined them with particular emphasis on the function of the trapezius muscle the mean interval from the time of radical ND to the time of this evaluation was years the operations included radical ND with sacrifice of the spinal accessory nerve RND with preservation of the SAN and radical ND with interpositioned cable VG reconstruction the survey showed that percent of the patients who underwent radical neck dissection with sacrifice of the spinal accessory nerve although they showed profound atrophy of the TR muscle had few PS related to this deficit similarly percent of patients who underwent radical neck dissection with preservation of the spinal accessory nerve showed some signs of muscle atrophy and percent showed little or no CF of the muscle interpositioned nerve grafts appeared to CF well in percent of the patients the survey showed that a surprising number of patients treated with a standard RND and sacrifice of the SAN had few postoperative symptoms related to the loss of TR muscle function also unexpected was the number of patients with signs of muscle dysfunction despite nerve preservation | MEDAL |
lentinan lnt a betadglucan with betadglucopyranoside branches has marked antitumor effects in syngeneic and autochtonous hosts clinically lnt has proved effective with chemotherapeutic agents in patients with recurrent gastric and CC however the mechanism that triggers subsequent immunologic reactions remains obscure we hypothesized that lnt must first bind to the host cells accordingly we analyzed lnt binding to host cells in healthy volunteers T3 incubating their cells under a variety of conditions as well as intravenously injecting lnt then subjecting them to flow cytometry and immunofluorescent staining using monoclonal antibody antilnt mab lnt bound to monocytes and neutrophils but not to lymphocytes in vitro the most avid lnt binding was to monocytes the percentage of lntbound monocytes after min incubation at degrees c was greater than that at degrees c the IB of lnt to monocytes was inhibited slightly by antiicb receptor anticr mab strongly by anticb receptor anticr mab and completely by anticr and anticr mab together the percentages of lntbinding monocytes in the peripheral blood increased significantly and T3 mg lntinjection and returned to low C2 h later however no increase in lntbinding neutrophils and lymphocytes was observed we concluded that binding of lnt to THP-1 may initiate the influence of this compound on the IS and differ between individuals its binding site may be similar to the cb receptor | MEDAL |
HD hd is a progressive neurodegenerative disease marked by psychiatric and motor problems recently these findings have been D2 to deficits in sleep and circadian CF that can be observed in hd patients and in hd mouse models with abnormal sleep patterns correlating with symptom severity in patients here we studied the SMB of the bac hd mouse MM using an automated system the results indicate significant lengthening of the circadian period in the mutant mice these results reinforce previous findings in hd models and symptomatic hd patients indicating that circadian dysfunction is a core feature of hd | MEDAL |
although the majority of natural proteins exist as proteinprotein complexes the molecular basis for the f large and repeated doses of pdgfb proteins chronic wounds are being increasingly circumvented by gene therapy approach and to this end cationic liposomes are emerging as promising nonviral carriers for delivering various growth factors encoding therapeutic genes to wound beds however as in case of topical application of growth AF all the prior studies on the use of cationic liposomes in nonviral GT of wounds involved repeated injections of cationic liposomecdna complexes over several weeks for ensuring complete wound healing herein we show that a single subcutaneous administration of an electrostatic complex of rhpdgfb plasmid integrin receptor selective rgdklipopeptide and cholesterol as auxiliary lipid is capable of healing wounds in STZ spraguedawley rats as MM of chronic wounds western blot analysis revealed significant expression of rhpdgfb in mouse fibroblast cells transfected with rgdklipopeptide rhpdgfb lipoplex the transfection efficiencies of the rgdklipopeptide in mouse and human fibroblast cells preincubated with various monoclonal antiintegrin receptor antibodies support the notion that the cellular uptake of the rgdklipopeptide dna complexes in fibroblast cells is likely to be selectively mediated by alphabeta Int receptors findings in the histopathological stainings using both hematoxylin and eosin h e as well as massons trichrome IF revealed a significantly higher degree of epithelization keratization fibrocollagenation and blood vessel formation in rats treated with rgdklipopeptide rhpdgf compared to those in rats treated with vehicle alone | MEDAL |
the stereospecificity of the betaadrenergic receptor of turkey erythrocyte ghosts was studied IB of the TPS betaadrenergic antagonist propranolol was found to occur exclusively with the lstereoisomer the stereospecificity of catecholamine binding was determined by assaying the ability of the catecholamines to displace hpropranolol binding of the CAs was also found to be stereospecific for the lstereoisomers furthermore the dstereoisomers do not compete with the l form for IB using this displacement technique we were able to calculate the dissociation constants for lepinephrine lnorepinephrine and lisoproterenol from the betareceptor and compare these values to the apparent dissociation constants obtained from the direct activation of adenylate cyclase ec by these CAs | MEDAL |
the timevarying character of MES usually causes a low classification accuracy in traditional supervised pattern recognition method in this work an unsupervised adaptation strategy of linear discriminant analysis alda based on probability weighting and cycle substitution was suggested in order to improve the performance of electromyography emgbased motion classification in multifunctional ME prostheses control in changing environment the adaptation procedure was firstly introduced and then the proposed alda classifier was TR and tested with sEMG recordings related to multiple motion patterns the accuracies of the alda classifier and traditional lda classifier were compared when the emg recordings were added with different degrees of noise the exp results showed that compared to the lda method the suggested alda method had a better performance in improving the classification accuracy of semg pattern recognition in both SD situation and noise added situation | MEDAL |
to test the hypothesis that SE to fine particulate air pollution pm is associated with stillbirth | MEDAL |
although laserdoppler flowmetry ldf is a widely used technique little is known about its microvascular origin from the surface of the liver in the present T0 we attempted to identify the microvascular bed interrogated by the laser light by correlating perfusion and red blood cell velocity data obtained using intravital fluorescence microscopy ivfm with the ldf signal recorded under normal conditions and following CL injury SDRs which underwent hepatic artery ligation hal or nonarterialized CL transplantation nolt served as in vivo models of reduced sinusoidal red blood cell velocity rbcvel and altered homogeneity of perfusion respectively three groups of animals were studied hal n nolt n and SOC n homogeneous perfusion of the sinusoids and liver lobules and reduced sinusoidal rbcvel were initially confirmed in the hal group in addition significantly reduced sinusoidal and lobular perfusion was observed in the nolt CL hal caused a reduction in the ldf signal p vs sham whereas the ldf signal from the nolt liver pu was lower than that from the native recipient CL with hal pu under control conditions and following hal and nolt a linear correlation could be established only between sinusoidal rbcvel and ldf signal y x r p furthermore using ivfm images and nih image analysis we estimated a high contribution of the sinusoids to the total V1 space at the CL periphery our data indicate that under normal conditions and those of altered microcirculation blood flow in the sinusoids compared to other microvessels has a significant influence on the ldf signal from the surface oof endobronchial growth of a peripheral adenocarcinoma has not to the authors knowledge been described previously | MEDAL |
the reduced incidence of graftvshost disease following umbilical cord blood B6 transplantation may be related to the functional immaturity of P0 TA expressing mainly the naive cdra phenotype expansion of cd cdra t cells using cytokines may benefit neonates and infants with human immunodeficiency virus hiv infection as a preferential decline in cd cdra cells has been noted as hiv disease progresses the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of interleukin il a novel cytokine similar to il in biological MICs on cdraro expression and apoptosis in UC blood cb and AD IP blood apb MNC cells mncs prior to SC cb mncs contained a greater number of cd cdra cells and fewer cd cdro cells than did apb mncs when incubated with rpmi containing fetal calf SS for days the percentage of cdra cells within cd TA cdracd significantly decreased compared to that of fresh cb mncs il exerted a dosedependent increase of cdracd and a corresponding decrease of cdrocd in cb mncs an effect not observed with apb mncs treated with il the percentages of cdra and cdro expression within cd cells however were not influenced by il in either cb or apb mncs a greater number of cb mncs underwent apoptosis than did apb mncs T3 days of culture in rpmi containing fetal CS il did not inhibit apoptosis but induced proliferation comparable to that achieved in apb mncs the ability of il to preferentially enhance the proliferation of cd cdra cells in cb mncs suggests a role for immunomodulative therapy in hivinfected newborns and infants | MEDAL |
houttuynia cordata thunb saururaceae is a traditional medicinal herb used to treat several disease PS the present study was focused on the hepatoprotective effects of h cordata ethyl acetate extract in experimental mice further the AOP of the extract was also evaluated to substantiate its hepatoprotective properties carbon tetrachlorideinduced hepatic damage in mice was used to measure the SS biochemical parameters morphological changes in hepatocyte architecture were studied by HE IF in vitro alkyl and hydroxyl free radical scavenging assays were performed to evaluate the antioxidant effect administration of h cordata extract significantly reduced the elevated SS levels and regulated the altered levels of SS cholesterol in carbon tetrachloridetreated mice p the morphological changes in hepatocyte architecture were also reversed by h cordata treatment further the extract showed significant antioxidant actions by scavenging the alkyl and hydroxyl FRs the concentration of the extract necessary for scavenging of alkyl and hydroxyl radicals was and μgml respectively h cordata extract exhibited significant hepatoprotective property in carbon tetrachlorideinduced hepatotoxicity in mice the strong antioxidant activities possessed by the extract might be responsible for such actions | MEDAL |
the objective of this study was to study the responses of osteoblastlike cells to rough titanium ticoated epoxy surfaces of differing topographic complexity four topographies were studied polished po coarseblasted cb acidetched ae and coarseblastedacidetched sla rat osteoblasts were cultured on these surfaces and their morphology thickness as well as the number and size of bonelike nodules measured to determine cell shape and cell thickness fluoresceinthiosemicarbazide was used to stain the cell components including the cell membrane the stained cells were optically sectioned using epifluorescent microscopy and the optical sections were computationally reconstructed to obtain threedimensional images in which cell volume and cell thickness could be determined similarly optical sections of bonelike nodules labeled with tetracycline were also reconstructed to determine their size the different surface topographies were found to alter the thickness and morphology of osteoblasts cultured on these surfaces osteoblasts produced significantly more and larger nodules on sla compared to other surfaces nevertheless and perhaps surprisingly given the evidence in various cell populations that cell shape can affect cell differentiation cell thickness was not directly correlated with an increase in bonelike nodule formation data were analyzed by factorial analysis of variance in this way the primary effect of each surface treatment ie blasting and acid etching could be assessed as well as their interaction both the acid etching and blasting processes significantly affected the number and size of bonelike nodules cultured on ti surfaces moreover there were significant interaction effects indicating that surface topographic features can act synergistically to enhance bone formation this result suggests that a useful approach to the optimization of surfaces fore condition the events in each comic strip although presented as a sequence could have occurred in any order whereas in the orderedsequence condition the order of the events could not be changed in the maintainedtopic condition the materials were designed to induce a thematic subject RA after the first frame by the repeated presence of the same character in every picture up to and including the last one whereas in the changedtopic condition the other character appeared alone in the last frame the analysis focused on cases where the children began the narration of the last frame using and to NC the text DP established so far the results showed that and was often used in this way of the productions especially in the experimental conditions that facilitated event interconnection simultaneous display ordered sequence maintained topic the orderedsequence condition showed that the nineyearolds in simultaneous display employed and in cooccurrence with another connective whereas the elevenyearolds mainly used and more specifically when the topic changed the discussion deals with the specialization during OD of the use of and within a speakers discourse | MEDAL |
the presence of extensive CD cd in eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment rrd is a L1 preoperative complication conventional treatment consists of days to a few weeks of systemic and topical steroids followed by scleral buckling and drainage of suprachoroidal fluid the author studied the usefulness of pars plana vitrectomy in the management of rrd combined with cd | MEDAL |
to evaluate the influence of pterygium morphology on the tau and safety of FG in pterygium surgery with conjunctival autografting a prospective case series during a period of months patients eyes were recruited from the GA hospital for pterygium surgery seven eyes were operated on for a recurrent pterygium autologous conjunctiva was harvested from the superior bulbar conjunctiva and fixed with FG the pterygia were preoperatively divided into atrophicgrade n intermediategrade n or fleshygrade n according to clinical morphology patients were evaluated for intraoperative and postoperative complications and recurrence rates the success rate was defined by no pterygium recurrences patients with year followups were included in this study fiftyone patients females males with a mean age of years range years took part in the T0 all patients completed the T0 no intraoperative complications were noted postsurgical complications included graft edema n VG hyperemia n and VG dislocation n these complications were transient one VG unfastened CR and five pterygium recurrences occurred n the overall success rate was after years in grade i group there were no recurrences in grade group there were two recurrences and in grade group there were three recurrences there were significantly more recurrences in grade group than in grade group there were more recurrences in both CG than in group vs vs of all recurrences p ⤠the use of fibrin glue is a safe easy and ERP technique for attaching the conjunctival autograft in pterygium surgery the morphology of pterygium influences recurrence rates without significance for intraoperative and postoperative complications | MEDAL |
eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis is a SV it could affect respiratory system kidnlations at the network level at least in part through gabaergic interneurons however it is unclear whether TPS gabaergic interneurons generate intrinsic theta andor gamma oscillations at the singlecell level since major types of ca interneurons ie parvalbuminpositive basket cells pvbcs cannabinoid type receptorpositive basket cells B6 | MEDAL |
with the advances in the therapy of childhood cancers over the past years many children who are now cured of their CA are moving into adulthood these patients have in many cases been exposed to multiple therapeutic modalities chemotherapy radiation andor surgery and llation was examined in seven barbiturateanesthetized openchest pigs paced at constant ventricular rate T3 complete atrioventricular block percent left atrial SS systolic shortening of LAD in percent of atrial diameter at ON of atrial contraction lass increased from to median and confidence interval immediately after cessation of a fibrillation period of min a brief phase of atrial hypercontractility lass significantly above control was also demonstrated after fibrillation periods of and min a subsequent phase of atrial hypocontractility lass significantly below control was recorded T3 atrial fibrillation periods of and min after the min fibrillation period atrial hypocontractility was most pronounced and reached a nadir of | MEDAL |
a mixture of TDH and aminoacetone synthetase will catalyze the conversion of lthreonine to glycine the overall reaction likely involves the conversion of lthreonine nad and coa to glycine nadh and acetylcoa physical separation of lthreonine dehydrogenase from aminoacetone synthetase results in the formation of aminoacetone and co from their substrates a physical interaction between threonine dehydrogenase and aminoacetone synthetase has been demonstrated by GPC and FP polarization of fluorescence measurements of threonine dehydrogenase and aminoacetone synthetase labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate indicated the formation of a soluble AS complex with an apparent dissociation constant kd of nm and an apparent stoichiometry of aminoacetone synthetase dimers threonine dehydrogenase tetramer chemical experiments have identified aminoacetone as the enzymatic product of lthreonine dehydrogenase acting on lthreonine these experiments involved trapping pyrrole derivatives hnabh reduction and coupling with plasma amine oxidase kinetic experiments also showed nadh co and aminoacetone to inhibit threonine dehydrogenase in a manner consistent with an ordered biter kinetic mechanism nad is the lead ATP followed by threonine and the products are released in the order co aminoacetone and nadh | MEDAL |
deep brain stimulation of the mesencephalic locomotor region mlr improves the motor PS in FPD and exp stroke by intervening in the motor CBF network whether highfrequency stimulation hfs of the mlr is involved in nonmotor processes such as neuroprotection and inflammation in the area surrounding the photothrombotic lesion has not been elucidated this study evaluates whether mlrhfs exerts an Bcl-2 and antiinflammatory effect on the BZ of CBF photothrombotic stroke rats underwent photothrombotic stroke of the RA sensorimotor cortex and the implantation of a microelectrode into the ipsilesional mlr after intervention either hfs or sham stimulation of the mlr was applied for h the infarct volumes were calculated from consecutive BB sections neuronal apoptosis was analyzed by tunel IF flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry determined the perilesional inflammatory response neuronal apoptosis was significantly reduced in the ICM penumbra after mlrhfs whereas the infarct volumes did not differ between the CG mlrhfs significantly reduced the PR of cytokines and chemokines within the ICM penumbra mlrhfs is neuroprotective and it reduces proinflammatory mediators in the area that surrounds the photothrombotic stroke without changing the number of immune cells which indicates that mlrhfs enables the function of inflammatory cells to be altered on a molecular level | MEDAL |
previous studies suggest that perceived stigmatization of sexual minority status ethnicity and age are associated with negative MH outcomes and other studies suggest that coping styles may influence these outcomes however no studies have examined these relationships among gay men of varying ethnicities and age CG three hundred eightythree black and white younger middleaged and older AD gay men completed measures of perceived stigmatization coping style and mental health outcomes black older AD gay men reported significantly higher levels of perceived ageism than the older WG group significantly higher C2 of perceived racism than the younger black group significantly higher C2 of homonegativity than the younger black and the white groups and were more likely to usmal vomiting in some patients this vomiting can take on a DP identical to CVS interestingly cyclic vomiting syndrome has been associated with compulsive bathing which patients report can relieve their intense feelings of nausea and lessen their vomiting intensity we report a case of a patient with chronic cannabis use who developed symptoms similar to cyclic vomiting syndrome who also engaged in compulsive bathing SMB as observed by members of the medical and nursing staff the patient reported that frequent hot showers would prevent him from vomiting and also relieve his concomitant ABD pain previous hospitalizations at our hospital for the same complaint also noted similar showering SMB during the hospital stay the patient agreed to engage in a outpatient drug rehabilitation program which he subsequently completed abstinence from cannabis use caused the patients vomiting PS and ABD pain to disappear CR likewise his compulsive showering SMB also ceased other investigators have reported similar findings in patients with cyclic vomiting syndrome who initially used cannabis to treat their vomiting episodes but subsequently found that it contributed to their vomiting our patient has lead us to conclude that in patients seen for chronic severe vomiting and abdominal pain which has no obvious structural or chemical etiology and which is accompanied by compulsive showering andor bathing behavior a diagnosis of CVS with concomitant cannabis abuse needs to be considered | MEDAL |
a prospective randomised study was conducted to compare the efficacy of treating malignant pleural effusions mpe in patients with breast carcinoma by thoracoscopic mechanical pleurodesis tmp as a new palliative treatment and talc pleurodesis tp at various pleural fluid ph C2 and to determine whether at low ph values when the success of tp is reduced tmp is more successful | MEDAL |
furosemide is the most common diuretic drug used in horses furosemide is routinely po as iv or im bolus doses times a day administration po is often suggested as an alternative even though documentation of absorption and efficacy in horses is lacking this T0 was carried out in a randomized crossover design and compared hour urine volume among control horses that received PL horses that received furosemide at mgkg po and horses that received furosemide at mgkg iv blood samples for analysis of plasma furosemide concentrations pcv and TS were obtained at specific time points from treated horses furosemide concentrations were determined by RP highperformance liquid chromatography with FL detection systemic availability of furosemide po was poor erratic and variable among horses median systemic BA was th percentile th percentile horses that received furosemide iv produced l of urine over the hour period the maximum plasma concentration of microgml T3 administration po was not sufficient to increase UV compared with control horses l po versus l control there was a mild decrease in urine SG within hours after administration of furosemide po and urine specific gravity was significantly lower in horses treated with furosemide po compared with control horses at the hour time point systemic availability of furosemide po was poor and variable furosemide at mgkg po did not induce diuresis in horses | MEDAL |
individuals with substance dependence isd frequently show signs of impaired emotion processing selfregulation and decisionmaking even T3 prolonged abstinence from drug use and partial recovery of other neuropsychological functions these impairments have been associated with alterations in the orbitofrontal SC ofc in lesion and imaging studies the aim of this study was to examine the performance of a group of isd who had been abstinent for at least months on a series of emotional perception selfregulation and decisionmaking tests CS to ofc dysfunction thirty isd polysubstance abusers in their first year of abstinence and HC hc participants were in the T0 we po the ekman faces test eft the revised strategy application test rsat and the iowa gambling task igt to both isd and hc results showed that the isd presented significant deficits in the recognition of facial emotional expressions ano meet many of the elderlys essential needs thereby maintaining their quality of life | MEDAL |
interleukin il is proinflammatory cytokine that produces multifunctional effects it is also involved in the regulation of immune reactions hematopoiesis and inflammatory state interleukin has been shown to be associated with tumor progression including inhibition of cancer cells apoptosis and stimulation of angiogenesis antiil therapy is a new strategy in the inflammatory autoimmune diseases and cancer clinical studies have shown elevated serum il concentrations in patients with endometrial cancer nonsmall cell lung carcinoma colorectal cancer renal cell carcinoma breast and ovarian cancer SS il levels correlate with tumor stage and survival of patients in this article we have focused on a role of il as a prognostic factor in several HM such as colorectal CA breast CA GC and pancreatic CA | MEDAL |
a combined T0 of microcirculation hemodynamics in vivo and blood rheometry has been carried out in patients with scleroderma compared to PRP prp and HCs hc laser doppler perfusion imaging was used to assess SF skin blood flow in the fingers before during and T3 local cold exposure blood viscosity was measured at and degrees c dynamic and transient flows were also investigated the scleroderma group showed a significantly lower level of perfusion before the cold test that was further decreased during and T3 CE the difference with prp being maximal during the rewarming period it also showed a significantly increased viscosity p at low shear rates hemorheological behavior of the prp group was similar to the hc group a significant negative correlation between the ldi perfusion and the apparent blood viscosity at low shear rates was found for the whole population these findings suggest that rheological factors may be involved in the abnormal cold CR of patients with scleroderma | MEDAL |
potentially inappropriate medication use is a L1 safety issue in the elderly and may cause a substantial proportion of drugrelated hospital admissions hospitalisation could result in a change in the quantity and type of drugs but its effect on potentially inappropriate drug use is still unknown the aim of this T0 was to estimate the potentially inappropriate medication prevalence in patients or years of age at admission to and at discharge from an acute medical geriatric unit and to identify the factors associated with no longer being a potentially inappropriate drug user at hospital discharge | MEDAL |
imaging in the acute setting of suspected stroke is an important topic to all EPs neurologists neurosurgeons and neuroradiologist when it comes to imaging the american college of radiology acr continually updates its guidelines for imaging pathways through the acr appropriateness criteria this article is a GA review of the imaging modalities currently used to assess and help guide the treatment of strokes | MEDAL |
many parallel processes occur during the final stages of apoptosis it is not clear which of these processes occur in all or most models of apoptosis and which occur only in some in addition the temporal relationship of these events is not always well understood correlated flow cytometric measurements were used to address these questions several models of apoptosis were studied including thymocytes treated with dexamethasone molt cells treated with etoposide u cells treated with antifas hl cells treated with CPT raji cells grown in low serum and aged neutrophils all models showed a decrease in lds and fluorescein diacetate fda staining an increase in IF with DHR dhr or dihydroethidium and an acidification of the cytoplasm in each MM these changes were highly correlated appearing simultaneously as multiparameter measurements changes in membrane status detected with merocyanin mc and annexin v behaved differently a population with lds and fda changes but without AV or mc changes could be demonstrated in some models several models did not show any change in AV IB and hl did not show a NC in mc IB during apoptosis the loss of CSA cd and cd from aged neutrophils occurred in the entire lds and fda dim population even though other membrane changes including the appearance of annexin v IB sites were only apparent in a subset of these cells these results suggest a MM for the ordering of some of the terminal processes in apoptosis with AV and mc changes trailing other events in apoptosis these results confirm the need for caution in using a singleparameter measurement as an indicator of apoptosis for any new MM being studied | MEDAL |
the effects of monosialoganglioside gml treatment on DA supersensitivity induced by longterm haloperidol administration were studied both GA activity of rats observed in an openfield and apomorphineinduced stereotyped SMB were used as experimental parameters gml per se mgkg twice daily for days did not modify rat SMB but when given in combination with haloperidol mgkg twice daily for days it increased neuroleptic withdrawal PS as detected in both models when gml mgkg twice daily was po T3 abrupt withdrawal from haloperidol mgkg twice daily for days it attenuated the increases in both general activity of rats observed in the openfield and apomorphineinduced stereotyped behavior these results suggest that gml may affect synaptic STDP facilitating the induction of the adaptative changes in receptor function up and downregulation following longterm haloperidol treatment and withdrawal | MEDAL |
investigation of hyperferritinemia in metabolic syndrome patients represents a diagnostic challenge but it is essential for the identification of individuals with iron overload hepcidin negatively regulates iron absorption and PR an increase in hepcidin occurs when iron C2 are sufficient or in inflammatory states conditions often associated with hyperferritinemia HFE causes hyperferritinemia due to iron overload but frequently has low hepcidin C2 our aim was to evaluate biochemical and molecular parameters related to iron metabolism in patients with metabolic syndrome we evaluated patients with metabolic syndrome according to the IDF criteria in a crosssectional T0 anthropometric data and diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome iron dosage FER transferrin saturation hepcidin and the cy and hd mutations in the hfe hemochromatosis gene were evaluated prevalence of hyperferritinemia in the study population was and was higher in males than in females increase in transferrin saturation correlated with mutations in the HFE hyperferritinemia was associated to transferrin saturation and hepcidin after LR analysis in conclusion hyperferritinemia is a frequent finding in metabolic syndrome patients most frequently in men and hepcidin assessment can be useful for the investigation of ferritin increase in those subjects | MEDAL |
in vivo biochemical microdialysis in primate BB would greatly expand our understanding of functional neuronal systems this work describes our efforts to establish a MDS in primate brain seven anesthetized rhesus monkeys underwent magnetic resonance imaging mri with the head fixed in a compatible stereotaxic frame this allowed stereotaxic localization of the Cd nucleus and putamen guide cannulae were implanted and fixed to the skull microdialysis probes made from polyethylene and fused Si were inserted into the caudate and putamen through the guide cannulae and perfused at the rate of microlitersmin the putamens were approached horizontally while the caudate nuclei were reached via a degrees degrees angle from the vertical postdialysis mri and histologic DUE proved that all probes accurately arrived at the predetermined region our data show that mri guided stereotaxis allows accurate placement of dialysis probes and that implantation of guide cannulae is a reliable and convenient way to perform repeated brain microdialysis procedures | MEDAL |
to test the hypothesis that the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway hbp affects cytokine production we studied il production by jurkat cells in response to pha we found that the hbp activator glucosamine glcn but not glucose glc dosedependently reduced il production importantly glcn blocked trafficking of a gfpnfat chimeric protein to the nucleus of stimulated transfectants not surprisingly changes in oglcnac protein modifications were noted during cell activation with and without glcn addition these findings could not be explained by some nonspecific change in cell metabolism because atp concentrations did not significantly change we speculate that hbpactive compounds may contribute to patient care in certain inflammatory and AD | MEDAL |
nursing research and nurse researchers have been an integral and significant part of the oncology nursing societys onss history as evidenced by the development of the nursing research committee within a few years of onss establishment ruth mccorkle phd rn faan was the committees first chairperson in this was followed by the creation of the advanced nursing research special interest group in under the leadership of jean brown phd rn faan ons also began to recognize nurse researchers in by creating the annual ons distinguished researcher award to recognize the contributions of a member who has conducted or promoted research that has enhanced the science and practice of oncology nursing the list of recipients and of their work is impressive and reflects the wide range of our practice areas see httpbitlymtccp for the recipient list in addition the ons foundation began funding research in and has distributed more than million in research grants research fellowships and other scholarships lectures public education projects and career OD awards ons foundation and in the putting evidence into practice resource was unveiled which provides evidencebased intervention reviews for the most common problems experienced by patients with cancer and their CGs wwwons orgpracticeresourcespep | MEDAL |
the present study was aimed at investigating the impact of hippocampal and temporal cortical lesions on remote autobiographical memories in TLE tle episodic specificity episodic richness and personal semantic memory from different life periods were assessed using a modified version of the autobiographical memory interview ami md kopelman ae wilson a baddeley the AM interview bury st edmunds thames valley test co in patients with unilateral mesial or lateral tle and healthy controls patients with tle performed significantly more poorly than controls patients with left and RA mtle were equally moderately impaired but patients with left lateral tle had the most severe EM deficits particularly for childhood memories with respect to personal semantic memory patients with left tle were significantly more impaired than those with right tle most pronounced for childhood memories both autobiographical memory aspects episodic and personal semantic memory were significantly intercorrelated but both did not correlate with anterograde memory indicating a structural dissociation between both functions | MEDAL |
combined estrogenprogestin S9 ceps are associated with thromboembolic te side effects the aim of this T0 was to evaluate the incidence of te using the japanese adverse drug event report jader DB adverse events recorded from april to november in the jader database were obtained from the pharmaceuticals and MDA pmda website wwwpmdagojp we calculated the reporting odds ratios rors of suspected ceps analyzed the timetoonset profile and assessed the hazard type using weibull shape parameter wsp furthermore we used the applied association rule mining technique to discover undetected relationships such as the possible risk factors the total number of reported cases in the jader contained was the rors confidential interval ci of drospirenone combined with EE2 ee droee norethisterone with ee neee levonorgestrel with ee levee desogestrel with ee desee and norgestrel with ee noree were and respectively the medians of the timetoonset of droee neee levee desee and noree were and days respectively the cis of the wspβ for neee levee and noree were lower and excluded association rule mining indicated that patients with anemia had a potential risk of developing a te when using ceps our results suggest that it is important to monitor patients administered cep for te careful observation is recommended especially for those using noree and this information may be useful for efficient therapeutic planning | MEDAL |
in all states physicians and dentists are required to report suspected cases of abuse and neglect to social service or law enforcement agencies the purpose of this report is to review the oral and dental aspects of PCS and sexual abuse and dental neglect and the role of physicians and dentists in evaluating such conditions this report addresses the DUE of bite marks as well as perioral and intraoral injuries infections and diseases that may be suspicious for child abuse or neglect physicians receive minimal training in oral health and dental injury and disease and thus may not detect dental aspects of abuse or neglect as readily as they do child abuse and neglect involving other areas of the body therefore physicians and dentists are encouraged to collaborate to increase the prevention PCD and treatment of these conditions | MEDAL |
studies and textbooks from the s and early s list focalsegmental GS fsgs as accounting for to of cases of INS in adults although a recent review by dagati kidney int reported an approximately sevenfold increase in the incidence of fsgs from to in an AS renal biopsy practice to investigate possible changes in the incidence of fsgs in our renal biopsy practice we reviewed reports from all nontransplant adult or years renal biopsies received in our laboratory from to which comprised cases all diagnoses of membranous nephropathy mn minimal change nephropathy mcn and fsgs made in each year were compiled cases clearly or suspicious of being secondary to an underlying SVR disease glomerulonephritis or drug reaction were excluded relative frequencies of mn mcn and fsgs among these three diseases and among all biopsies were calculated for each year of the T0 regression analysis showed a significant p increase in the odds of a diagnosis of fsgs over the study period per year among all biopsies and per year among cases of mn mcn and fsgs only among all biopsies the yearly incidence of fsgs increased from mean sd during the period between and to during the period from to the odds of a diagnosis of mn mean yearly incidence did not vary significantly over the T0 period while the odds of a diagnosis of mcn mean yearly incidence declined at a rate of per year p frequencies of diagnosis of mn mcn and fsgs by two pathologists were almost MZ review of available slides from cases of fsgs revealed none before with characteristic histologic features of the CG cg variant of fsgs no more than four cases of cg were observed in any year of the study and cg accounted for of total fsgs cases for which diagnostic slides were available compared with patients with noncg fsgs the cg cohort showed a greater percentage of black patients v significantly higher mean levels of SS creatinine mgdl v mgdl and urinary protein g hr v g hr at the time of renal biopsy and a greater likelihood of and more rapid progression to endstage renal failureabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
subacromial decompression is a common surgical procedure that has historically included coracoacromial AL resection however recent reports have advocated preserving the CAL to avoid the potential complication of anterosuperior escape the optimal subacromial decompression would achieve a smooth coracoacromial arch and decreased rotator cuff contact pressures while preserving the CF of the arch in glenohumeral stability we hypothesized that a subacromial decompression with a limited acromioplasty with preservation of the CAL can decrease extrinsic pressure on the RC similar to a CAL resection without altering GH translation three different subacromial decompressions including a smooth and move a limited acromioplasty with CAL preservation and a coracoacromial AL resection were performed on cadaveric specimens with intact rotator cuffs GH translation and peak rotator cuff pressure during abduction were recorded no NC in translation was observed T3 a smooth and move or a limited acromioplasty compared to baseline specimens anterosuperior translation was increased at ° of abduction following coracoacromial ligament resection p baseline rotator cuff pressure was greatest during abduction with the arm in ° of IR peak rotator cuff pressure decreased up to following a smooth and move up to following a limited acromioplasty and up to following a coracoacromial ligament resection based on the present T0 a limited acromioplasty with CAL preservation may best provide decompression of the RC while avoiding potential anterosuperior glenohumeral translation | MEDAL |
PMN leukocytes pmn exposed to particulate and soluble stimuli secrete lysosomal enzymes these stimuli cause prompt less than sec changes in membrane potential followed sec later by superoxide anion o production we describe a new technique utilizing flow dialysis apparatus which monitors the first stages of lysosomal enzyme release with a resolution of approximately sec secretion of betaglucuronidase from cytochalasin btreated pmn could be detected sec T3 exposure to the chemotactic peptide nformylmethionylleucylphenylalanine fmlp the lag times for PR of this enzyme were different for other stimuli sec bsaantibsa immune complex sec serumtreated zymosan stz sec calcium ionophore a the lag times for lysozyme PR were less dependent upon the stimulus presented sec for fmlp sec fo bsaantibsa sec for stz and seconds for con a only a had a long lag period sec lag periods for the ON of o production measured by the same mathematical criteria were comparable to those for betaglucuronidase release sec for fmlp sec for bsaantibsa sec for con a and sec for a changes in fmlp dose up to fold affected the magnitudes of o generation and betaglucuronidase release but did not alter the time required for the onset of these processes a variety of agents such as corticosteroids colchicine deoxyglucose and nethyl maleimide also affected the magnitudes of the responses but not the lag periods when fmlp was used as the CS- when bsaantibsa immune complex was used as the stimulus deoxyglucose and nethyl maleimide increased the lag period for superoxide anion generation but not for lysosomal enzyme release this new flow dialysis technique has permitted us to demonstrate the o production and lysosomal enzyme secretion are concurrent but dissociable processes which are subsequent to earlier responses of the granulocytetoligandreceptor interactions as reflected by changes in membrane potential | MEDAL |
a new type of hemedeficient mutant was isolated in salmonella typhimurium by neomycin selection the mutant was deficient in uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity coded by the heme gene the heme gene was located between the genes rif and thi at min on the chromosomal map of s typhimurium | MEDAL |
fungus alternaria brassicae isolated from crinoid comanthina schlegeli which was collected from the south china sea six compounds were isolated from a brassicae including one new compound along with five known EDC ochratoxin a methyl ester cishydroxymellein rhydroxymellein transanhydromevalonic and protocatechuic acid their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods and comparison with reported data cytotoxicity against two human cancer cell lines and antibacterial activity against twelve aquatic bacteria of compound were also tested | MEDAL |
the effects of thyroid hormone on cholesterol alpha hydroxylase ldl receptor hmgcoa reductase apo ai and farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase hepatic mrna C2 were investigated in hypophysectomized rats of these mrnas cholesterol alpha hydroxylase responded the most rapidly and required the lowest dose of t maximal mrna levels were reached one hr after t administration and required microgramsg of body weight these results suggest that the hypocholesterolemic effect of thyroid hormone may be mediated by a primary effect on cholesterol alpha hydroxylase gene expression | MEDAL |
advances in technology have made it possible to deliver a high ktv in a shorter time the realization that duration of dialysis may be an important predictor of survival independent of dialysis dose has resulted in the popularity of prolonged slow dialysis phd the longer duration and increased frequency of dialysis achieve excellent small and middlemolecular weight solute clearance and also attenuate the peak concentration of uremic toxins the slow dialysis process enables the equilibration of tissue and vascular compartments resulting in better clearance and decreased postdialysis rebound increase in solutes gentle persistent ultrafiltration allows the control of hypertension with minimal antihypertensive use the intense and more frequent dialysis improves appetite and permits liberalization of diet this greater dietary protein NI results in a progressive increase in serum albumin level and dry weight nocturnal hemodialysis achieves control of hyperphosphatemia without phosphate binders and a significant reduction in serum betamicrsurvival of the index total knee arthroplasty at years was with symptomatic aseptic loosening as the end point and with revision for any cause as the end point cemented all PE tibial components with a moderately conforming tibiofemoral articulation implanted in patients older than years of age showed a high rate of survivorship without the need for revision surgery and without symptomatic loosening | MEDAL |
nicotinic acetylcholine receptors modulate the release of gaba glu acetylcholine and dopamine in the brain here we describe a novel cholinesensitive nicotinic acetylcholine receptor that mediates enhanced gaba release in the chick ventral lateral geniculate nucleus wholecell recordings in slices demonstrated that choline mm generally considered an alphaselective agonist and carbachol microm a nonselective ACh agonist both increased the frequency of spontaneous gabaergic events in ventral lateral geniculate nucleus neurons tetrodotoxin microm partially reduced responses to carbachol but eliminated responses to choline during LT min SE to choline the gaba enhancement was maintained until choline was washed out choline microm enhanced the frequency of spontaneous gabaergic events by fold in control artificial cerebrospinal fluid this cholinemediated enhancement was significantly reduced by the following nicotinic acetylcholine IL-1ra microm dihydrobetaerythroidine fold increase p microm methyllycaconitine fold p and microm alphaconotoxin imi fold p in contrast no significant NC was seen in the presence of microm dihydrobetaerythroidine microm MLA microm alphabungarotoxin microm alphaconotoxin mii microm kappabungarotoxin or microm alphaconotoxin auib these results indicate that choline at concentrations as low as microm activates a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor that is distinct from the CP alpha nicotinic acetylcholine receptors previously known to be activated by choline | MEDAL |
this study evaluated the performance of an ICT ict for the diagnosis of canine brucellosis caused by brucella canis comparing its results with that of the rapid slide agglutination test with and without the use of mercaptoethanol and the agar gel ID test agid the microbiological SC pcr and CE were used as REF according to the results obtained in clinical examination blood SC culture of semen and vaginal swab and pcr in blood semen and vaginal swab a total of dogs were divided into three CG b canisinfected dogs group b canisnoninfected dogs group and dogs with suspected brucellosis group the diagnostic sensitivity of rsat mersat agid and ict in group was respectively and the diagnostic specificity of rsat mersat agid and ict in group was respectively and in dogs with suspected brucellosis were rsat positive none was positive by mersat were agid positive and were ict positive the main drawback concerning canine brucellosis diagnosis is the lack of a highly CS serological CA to be used as a screening test to the rapid identification of INF animals the ict showed a high diagnostic specificity and a diagnostic sensitivity value greater than that observed in the rsat mersat and agid however of infected dogs had negative results by ict these dogs were positive by microbiological culture andor pcr indicating AS infection and consequently a higher potential of spreading brucella although rapid and simple to perform the ict lacked sensitivity to be used as a screening test | MEDAL |
the jar choriocarcinoma cell cultures have demonstrated high levels of AA and have been useful for assaying a wide variety of aromatase inhibitors for aromatase inhibition in IN cells recently several alphaarylaliphatic androgens have shown ERP inhibition of human placental microsomal aromatase in vitro with apparent ki values ranging from to nm a series of alphaarylaliphatic androstenedione compounds demonstrated potent competitive inhibition and alphaarylaliphatic androstadienediones were enzymeactivated irreversible inhibitors both series of these potent inhibitors were investigated for the ability to inhibit AA in jar cells by measuring the conversion of betahandrostenedione to ho and unlabelled estrone jar cell cultures were incubated for h at degrees c with the AIs at concentrations of pm to microm the percentage of enzyme inhibition was determined and ic values for inhibitors were calculated both series of synthetic compounds demonstrated good to excellent aromatase inhibition and the most ERP inhibitors in both series were those compounds with a phenylpropyl substituent at the alphaposition of the steroid nucleus the alphaarylaliphatic androstenediones exhibited inhibition of jar AA with ic values from to nm more potent aromatase inhibition was observed with the alphaarylaliphatic androstadienediones which exhibited ic values from to nm enhanced efficacy of steroidal enzymeactivated irreversible inhibitors compared to competitive inhibitors was observed in these studies and is consistent with previous reports these results suggest that jar CC cells with high C2 of AA may be useful in differentiating steroidal aromatase inhibitors exhibiting different mechanisms of enzyme inhibition in summary the alphaphenylpropyl androstadienedione analogs which are enzymeactivated irreversible inhibitors demonstrated the most effective inhibition of aromatase activity present in the jar cell cultures among the various alphaarylaliphatic androgens | MEDAL |
increased V1 resistance and reduced fetoplacental blood flow are putative aetiologies in the pathogenesis of fetal growth restriction fgr however the regulating sites and mechanisms remain unclear we hypothesised that placental vessels dictate fetoplacental resistance and in fgr exhibit EC dysfunction and reduced FMD fmvd resistance was measured in normal pregnancies n and fgr n both in vivo by umbilical artery doppler velocimetry and ex vivo by dual placental perfusion ex vivo fmvd is the reduction in fetalside inflow hydrostatic pressure fihp following increased flow rate results demonstrated a significant correlation between vascular resistance measured in vivo and ex vivo in normal pregnancy but not in fgr in perfused fgr placentas V1 resistance was significantly elevated compared to normal placentas ± mmhg and ± mmhg respectively ml min means ± sem p and fmvd was severely reduced ± and ± respectively in normal pregnancies only the highest level of ex vivo fmvd was associated with the lowest in vivo resistance inhibition of no synthesis during perfusion μm lnna moderately elevated fihp in the normal group but substantially in the fgr group human placenta artery EC cells from fgr groups exhibited increased shear stressinduced no generation inos expression and enos expression compared with normal grouon of intracranial arteries | MEDAL |
bacteria in the genus wolbachia are widespread in arthropods and can induce sexratio distortion or cytoplasmic incompatibility in their hosts the phylogeny of wolbachia has been studied using s rdna and the cell cycle gene ftsz but sequence R2 of those genes is limited the spacer region sr was amplified to determine whether this region would improve phylogenetic resolution the sr of wolbachia is bp long shows higher R2 than ftsz and has very low homology with closely related bacteria due to the small length of sr of wolbachia little phylogenetic information could be retrieved | MEDAL |
to explore a new surgical method and its effect in repairing secondary nasal deformity of unilateral cleft lip | MEDAL |
SEC sec within the cardiac chambers has been associated with increased risk of thromboembolism we investigated the presence and severity of sec in the aorta with tissue doppler imaging tdi and compared these to the aortic flow velocity and to the clinical profile of the patients | MEDAL |
a relapsing systemic inflammatory process is a wellknown feature of BD because systemic inflammation and dyslipidemia are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis BD may play a part in the development of atherosclerosis lipid profile in behcets disease and the development of atherosclerosis remain to be controversial in order to learn more about this relationship our study compared blood lipid C2 in HCs to those in patients with behcets disease during both their active and inactive stages | MEDAL |
phenylacetate pa and its derivatives constitute a group of small aromatic fatty acids that have been of considerable interest due to their anticancer properties in a number of exp systems we previously showed that pa can inhibit the growth of estrogen receptor er BCCs and that this activity is at least in part mediated by the ability of the compound to inhibit transcriptional activation driven by estrogen response elements eres we now shed additional light on the antiestrogenic action of pa by determining its effects on early events in the estrogensignaling pathway | MEDAL |
an RPA to the T0 of polyvalencythe interaction of polyvalent receptors with polyvalent ligandsin unnatural systems is outlined in this T0 the complexation of dibenzylammonium cations by dibenzocrown or benzometaphenylenecrown is utilized as the component receptorligand interaction two analogous multivalent receptorseach containing either seven dibenzocrown dbc cluster or seven benzometaphenylenecrown bmpc cluster moieties appended to a modified betacyclodextrin corewere prepared in moderate yields for each of these multivalent receptors cDNA mono and divalent ligands containing one or two dialkylammonium centers respectively were prepared in good yields these ligands contained fluorine atom substituents to allow their interactions with crown ether compounds to be probed by f nmr spectroscopy the complexation present studies we compared a number of colorimetric CV mtt dimethylthiazolyldiphenyltetrazolium bromide and neutral red and fluorometric alamar blue bisbenzimide hoechst FDA and rhodamine g methods to VS of antiviral activity in influenza a virus infections in madin darby canine kidney mdck cells toxicity determinations using these same methods were also made for antiinfluenza inhibitors and other compounds known to inhibit cell proliferation against influenza atexas hn and asydney hn viruses visual scoring and dye or stain methods produced results that were not significantly different from each other in deriving virusinhibitory concentrations ec values for six antiinfluenza compounds AMA rimantadine ribavirin rwj bcx oseltamivir carboxylate and zanamivir with the exception of alamar blue which quantified lower ec values than expected in uninfected replicating cells the visual and alamar blue methods underestimated the cytotoxic concentrations ic values of ribavirin betadarabinofuranosylcytosine and azauridine but more accurately assessed the toxicities of amantadine rimantadine and cycloheximide VS coupled with the use of one of these dyes or stains except alamar blue can be used to accurately and rapidly quantify the antiinfluenza virus MICs and toxicities of potential new influenza virus inhibitors these methods should also be applicable to evaluating antiviral effects against other lytic virus infections | MEDAL |
data from our laboratory and others demonstrate that acetylcholinesterase ache is expressed transiently by neurons during periods of neurite outgrowth preceding synaptogenesis suggesting an extrasynaptic function for this molecule these findings along with reports that ache shares CAA CS homology and structural similarities with known cell adhesion molecules have led to the theory that during OD ache may exert a morphogenic effect through cell adhesion to further test this hypothesis we have examined the effects of an ache monoclonal antibody mab on neurite outgrowth in primary cultures of rat DRG drg SN shortterm highconcentration antibody treatment produced a rapid detachment of established drg neurites which was followed by regrowth upon removal of the antibody from the culture medium this effect appeared to be sitespecific because other ache antibodies that were able to detect ache immunocytochemically failed to produce this disadhesion longterm lowconcentration antibody exposure produced a reduction in total area of outgrowth in which neurites were more densely packed and interlaced compared with the neurites in control cultures these results extend our previous observations on the outgrowth perturbing effects of ache inhibitor treatment and provide further evidence that ache may support neurite outgrowth through a cell adhesive role | MEDAL |
since its first characterization in the EM the BPM caatpase has been welldefined as a ubiquitous mechanism for the efflux of ca from eukaryotic cells with isoforms and potentially splice SCV defining the absolute physiological role of plasma membrane caatpase has been difficult and very limited due to the lack of ERP blockersantibodies and difficulties in measuring the activity of individual isoforms this review highlights recent developments showing that specific plasma membrane caatpase isoforms are subject to dynamic regulation by psddlgzo scaffold proteins such interactions support a new paradigm that by serving as key players in multifunctional protein complexes transporters can regulate other signalling processes independent of their primary ion pumping function | MEDAL |
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