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using radial artery grafts in patients with moderate to severe LVD lvd ejection fraction has been discouraged for the fear that postoperative V1 support may cause graft spasm and lead to ischemic complications we therefore examined the safety of radial grafts in ACB acb patients with lvd | MEDAL |
there are no published studies that have compared the medical costs of patients with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis symptomatology | MEDAL |
in a prospective T0 of abnormalities of plasma sodium concentration carried out over one year patients were identified who had a concentration exceeding mmolmeq of these eight patients had diabetes mellitus eight had primary intracranial disorder and four had become dehydrated five of the eight diabetics presented with hyperosmolar nonketotic precoma and in all eight hypernatraemia developed despite treatment with hypotonic saline there was a good correlation r between the rates of change of plasma sodium and blood glucose concentrations and thus a rise in plasma sodium concentration appeared to be a consequence of the treatment in the early phase of treatment urinary sodium loss was extremely low despite a brisk diuresis the infused sodium then predisposing the patients to hypernatraemia all of the eight patients with intracranial disorders showed evidence of abnormal production of the antidiuretic hormone six having frank diabetes insipidus severe hypernatraemia in this group was associated with a high mortality fluid balance being difficult to maintain two of the four patients who had become dehydrated had had a recent gastrointestinal haemorrhage in these patients infusion of saline contributed to the hypernatraemia since urinary sodium loss was low severe hypernatraemia in adults is uncommon but in established cases plasma and urinary PSA indices should be measured frequently monitoring of the CVP is usually necessary and patients are best managed in an intensive ECU | MEDAL |
lowmolecular mimetics of brainderived neurotrophic factor bdnf loo transgenic expression did not alter cardiac CF or glucose and fa oxidation gene expression in young mice however cardiac overexpression of har caused cardiac dysfunction in older mice we then assessed whether har altered heart function during ischemia reperfusion har transgenic mice had greater infarct area and reduced PET REC than nontransgenic littermates when the har Tg was crossed onto the ppar alpha knockout BG another example of greater HR glucose oxidation har expressing mice had increased HR fructose content cardiac fibrosis ros and apoptosis in conclusion overexpression of har in cardiomyocytes leads to cardiac dysfunction with aging and in the setting of reduced fa and increased glucose metabolism these results suggest that pharmacological inhibition of ar will be beneficial during ischemia and in some forms of heart failure | MEDAL |
the structural features responsible for the activities of hepatic lipase hl can be clarified by in vivo comparisons of naturally occurring SCV the coding CS of hl from cblj b and spreteij spret mice differs by four amino acids sn av lv st however these changes are not predicted to influence hl function to test for allelic effects we generated sprethl transgenics with physiological levels of hl mrna and hl activity that was parallel in female transgenics and about higher in male transgenics toward triholeate compared with b controls we found no rho between activity levels and plasma lipids however significant allelic effects on plasma lipids were observed compared with bhl sprethl mediated reductions in total cholesterol tc and vldl ldl and hdlcholesterol and hdltriglyceride tg in fed males and sprethl decreased total tg and vldl and hdltg C2 in fasted males fasted female transgenics had reduced tc compared with controls we also found S2 and sex effects on lipoprotein particle size male transgenic mice had increased vldl and decreased ldl size and female transgenic mice had decreased hdl size compared with control animals these findings demonstrate highly divergent effects of naturally occurring hl coding sequence variants on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism | MEDAL |
to investigate the sesquiterpene lactones of the aerial parts of inula helianthusaquatica | MEDAL |
a methyl methane sulfonate mmssensitive mutant of escherichia coli ab was obtained by nmethylnnitronnitrosoguanidine treatment the mutant strain ab is defective both in endonuclease activity for apurinic sites in deoxyribonucleic acid dna and in dna polymerase i as shown by direct enzyme assays derivative strains which retained the deficiency in endonuclease activity for apurinic sties approximately of the wildtype enzyme level but had normal KF activity were obtained by pmediated transduction strain nh or by selection of revertants to decreased mms sensitivity these endonucleasedeficient strains are more mmssensitive than wildtype strains revertants of these deficients strains to normal mms resistance were isolated they had increased C2 of the endonuclease activity but did not attain wildtype C2 the data suggest that endonuclease for apurinic CS is AS in repair of lesions introduced in dna as a consequence of mms treatment two different endonucleases that specifically attack dna containing apurinic sites arepresented in e coli k a HL activity CS to inhibition by ethylenediaminetetraacetate accounts for of the total endonuclease activity for AP sties in crude cell extracts the residual is due to a more heatresistant activity refractory to ethylenediaminetetraacetate inhibition the ab and nh strains have normal amounts of the latter endonuclease but no or very little of the former activity | MEDAL |
hepatocellular carcinoma hcc staging according to the barcelona clinical CL cancer bclc classification is based on conventional imaging the aim of our T0 was to assess the impact of dualtracer ffluorocholine and ffluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomographycomputed tomography petct on tumor staging and treatment allocation | MEDAL |
the gammac cytokines play an important role in proliferation and survival of t cells blocking the gammac signals can cause the activated donorreactive TA losing the ability to proliferate and getting into apoptosis pathway which contributes to induction of the peripheral tolerance in this study we induced the SPK tolerance through blocking the gammac in combination with donorspecific transfusion dst in the cardiac transplantation following dst on the day and cbl recipients received antigammac monoclonal antibodies mabs i.t. and those in control group were not given antigammac mabs on the day balbc cardiac allografts were Tx all recipients in EG accepted cardiac allografts over days and two of them accepted allografts without rejection until sacrifice on the day animals only receiving dst rejected grafts within days and the mice receiving cardiac transplantation CT rejected grafts within days our study showed that blockade of gammac signaling combined with dst significantly prolonged allograft survival which was probably associated with inhibition of antigenspecific tcell proliferation and induction of apoptosis | MEDAL |
this investigation reports a yearold man with a PH of HCC carcinoma hcc diagnosed years previously who developed a single easybleeding pyogenic granuloma pglike lesion on his right upper abdomen located in the area of previous therapeutic percutaneous ethanol injection pei for hcc treatment the lesion developed months after the injection the tumor was found to be identical to his previous hcc | MEDAL |
sweep by sweep analysis of ERPs erp of the human scalp represents a reliable tool for both the diagnosis of neurologic diseases and the T0 of the CNS system during cognitive tasks the offline procedure based on stochastic parametric identification and filtering herewith described allows an accurate analysis of singlesweep erp and a drastic reduction of ocular artefacts variously propagating through the skull moreover the spatial distribution of the recorded erp in bidimensional form was enhanced by using the laplacian operator in order to get an estimate of the source current density scd flow from the skull into the scalp CR singletrial signals were filtered according to an AR model of signal generation with exogenous inputs arx the arx procedure models the recorded signal as the sum of three signals a the background eeg activity modelled as an autoregressive process driven by a white noise b a filtered version of a reference signal carrying the average information contained in each sweep c a signal due to the ocular artefact propagation the DUE of the effect of artefact suppression on those channels close to the eyes was compared with standard ordinary least squares method ols based on a linear MM of the influence of eog on erp finally the better results obtainable through arx filtering on sweepbysweep BB mappings are also presented | MEDAL |
temperaturesensitive mutants of vesicular stomatitis virus indiana serotype rapidly induced resistance in mice to intranasal challenge infection with the highly virulent wildtype homotypic virus and to a lesser extent with the heterotypic new jersey serotype intranasal vaccination with mutant tsg iv resulted in early appearance at h of a bronchial inhibitor which protected mouse l cells and chick embryo cells against infection with VSV-G this bronchial inhibitor was inactivated by TR but did not exhibit the properties of immunoglobulins defectiveinterfering virus or virus glycoprotein it was active in both chick and mouse cells and was relatively labile to acid and heat but the antiviral activity of this bronchial inhibitor was neutralized by a goat antiserum to type i mouse interferon | MEDAL |
in a previous study we found that the sensitivity of CE postsynaptic alphaadrenoceptors which modulate in an inhibitory way the activity of the jawopening reflex jor is reduced after chronic repeated AS TP in the rat the aim of this T0 was to assess the effects of SE to a chronic variable stress regime on these adrenoceptors to do this the digastric electromyographic responses elicited by orofacial electrical stimulation after the i.v. of cumulative doses x of the alphaadrenoceptor agonist clonidine microgramkg were recorded as expected in unmanipulated control rats clonidine inhibited the reflex in a dosedependent manner until abolition ed microgramkg single tail pinch did not significantly alter the ability of clonidine to abolish the reflex however chronic VL stress led to an enhancement of the inhibitory effect of clonidine on the amplitude of jor resulting in a shift to the left of the DR curve in comparison with that of the control group ed was reduced by p without affecting either the estimated maximum effect for the agonist or the Mw of the GABA function this in vivo result indicates that chrnon of pressure REC observed in the pressure measurement the study demonstrates the importance of analyzing biological flows from a threedimensional viewpoint | MEDAL |
aluminum is a toxic metal and has been implicated as the causative agent in the dialysis encephalopathy syndrome in the study reported here the transfer of aluminum to the blood from dialysis fluid during hemodialysis was demonstrated even when DW was used in the preparation of the dialysate studies were carried out on the IB of aluminum to SS proteins and other constituents in patients on longterm hemodialysis five L1 aluminum peaks were observed on chromatographic separation four were associated with proteins and one C1 peak was probably associated with a low molecular weight species the size of the latter peak was enhanced by increasing the aluminum content of the eluting buffer it is postulated that this low molecular weight species might be the neurotoxic form of aluminum | MEDAL |
the glasgow coma scale gcs is an objective measurement of a patients level of consciousness and has prognostic implications in traumatic head injuries morbidity and mortality of patients with meningitis have been related amongst others to level of consciousness hypoglycorrhachia extremes of age and high csf protein values in this prospective study of patients the correlation between the gcs age csfneutrophil count and csfglucose and protein C2 and the eventual outcome of the patients was assessed | MEDAL |
antigen presenting cells such as intestinal macrophages are dynamic effector cells that play a critical role in maintaining mucosal homeostasis however it is not known how occult intestinal infections alter the response of the intestinal mucosa to subsequent intestinal injury the aim of this T0 was to evaluate how persistent subclinical intestinal infection with MAP map would influence acute dextran sulfate sodium dssmediated intestinal inflammation balbc mice were infected intraperitoneally with map following an incubation period of d mice were administered dss in the drinking water for six days prior to and during treatment with dss mice were evaluated for clinical signs of disease and body weights were recorded at termination of the experiment body weights frequency of rectal blood and gross and histological cecal lesions were evaluated and tissues were collected for isolation of map subclinical and persistent intestinal map infection was established based on the absence of both weight loss and rectal blood and the isolation of map from the small and large intestines in mice INF with map only following treatment with dss mapinfected mice had increased WL increased frequency of rectal blood and exacerbation of gross lesions and increased cecal lesion scores also there was a significant reduction in map isolated from the small intestines of mapinfected and dsstreated mice in conclusion subclinical map infection sensitizes the host to enhanced acute dssmediated intestinal inflammation | MEDAL |
the dependence of the cathepsin b ec activity on ph of a medium with substrates n alphabenzoyllarginine amide baa and n alphabenzoyldlarginineparanitroanilide bapna was studied several maxima of the studied enzyme activity are established depending on ph in the grey and white matter of the cat CH the activity of cat bi is different in functionally and morphologically different Az of brain GM of cerebral hemispheres less than than cerebellum less than VWM of CH less than medulla oblongata a sixfold freezing and defrosting of homogenates of the brain structures under study causes an increase in the cathepsin b activity it is shown that the cat b activity in the BB GM grows in the presence of lcysteine and is inhibited under the effect of pchmb monoiodoacetic acid mn and cu | MEDAL |
SE of hepatoma cc cells to dimethoxynaphthoquinone dmnq resulted in a sustained elevation of cytosolic ca dna single SB and cell killing dna single strand break formation was prevented when cells were preloaded with either of the intracellular ca chelators quin or bapta to buffer the increase in cytosolic ca concentration induced by the quinone dmnq caused marked nad SD which was prevented when cells were preincubated with aminobenzamide an inhibitor of nuclear polyadpribosesynthetase activity or with either of the two ca chelators however aminobenzamide did not protect the hepatoma cells from loss of viability our results indicate that quinoneinduced dna damage nad SD and cell killing are mediated by a sustained elevation of cytosolic ca | MEDAL |
microtubuleassociated proteins maps promote tubulin polymerization whereas colchicine inhibits this process in this paper maps have been shown to inhibit colchicine binding to tubulin in a competitive manner attempts were made to identify which of the maps fractions was responsible both tau protein a thermostable molecule with a molecular weight of approximately and a high molecular weight fraction hmw were able to compete with colchicine in contrast mg which also induces microtubule assembly in vitro had f years further increases were observed with mean values of at a BA of years and of at a BA of years with a maximum of ng ml at bone ages of years the first significant increase of plasma testosterone t was noted at a bone age of years ng ml the major rise of t was preceded by the rise of plasma lh and was accompanied by the rise of plasma fsh plasma dhea and t were also measured in normal girls ages to years bone ages to years dhea rose significantly from a mean level of at years to ng ml at years with further increases between and years and between and years in relation to bone age dhea increased significantly from a mean plasma concentration of at a bone age of years to that of ng ml at years further increases were observed with values of at a bone age of years and ng ml at a BA of years the first significant rise of testosterone t occurred at years of both chronological and BA dhea rose before the increase of gonadotropins the major rise of t at a BA of years occurred concurrently with increases in plasma fsh and lh low levels of dhea were observed in addisons disease in hypogonadotropin hypogonadism and in anorchia dhea levels were normal suggesting that dhea is produced primarily in the adrenal gland in seven girls with early adrenarche plasma concentrations of dhea were in the upper range of normal values whereas t levels were within the normal range conversely in girls with late adrenarche plasms dhea was lower than normal but t was within the normal limits the elevation of dhea prior to the first signs of puberty suggests that dhea may play a role in the maturation of the hypothalamichypophysealgonadal axis however the mechanism that triggers the secretion of dhea is not known | MEDAL |
increased numbers of cdbearing circulating endothelial cells cecs in the IP blood probably represent the most direct evidence of EC cell damage as acute ischaemic strokes are associated with EC CA w acid composition with respect to protein function the ratio between the observed amino acid composition and that predicted based on mononucleotide composition was calculated for each PET category this indicated whether the compositional R2 arose from mutation or selection pressure the results showed that charged amino acids lys arg and glu were found more frequently than expected in proteins involved in genetic information processing ie transcription translation etc similarly in the proteins involved in processing environmental information eg ST the hydrophobic CAA leu was found in excess of values expected from the base composition in the genes | MEDAL |
blunt force trauma to the chest can often result in DIA tears these tears can go months without being discovered until a AA injury or circumstance causes an organ to herniate through the diaphragm special care should be taken at autopsy to determine the MOI of any tears in the diaphragm as this may influence the cause and manner of death we present a case of a yearold man who suffered multiple injuries in a motor vehicle collision six months later he presented with a left DIA tear and gastric fundal herniation and died eventually | MEDAL |
the effects of intracerebroventricular administration of DM mu agonist and dermenkephalin delta agonist were studied at the electrocorticographic ecog and electromyographic emg C2 in freemoving rats a very low dose of DM pmol induced ecog spiking occasional myoclonic jerks wetdog shakes and catalepsy in addition electrical seizures were triggered with doses of to pmol these signs were reversed by an ip injection of naloxone mg kg however no epilepticlike phenomena were seen C2 of dermenkephalin up to nmol these results indicate that mu but not delta receptors are involved in the epileptogenic effect of intraventricularly administered opiates | MEDAL |
DO has become an important method of reconstructing hypoplastic facial bones intraoral callus distraction is a great aesthetic improvement because no visible scars are caused precise preoperative planning is necessary however because the direction of distraction cannot be influenced postoperatively nine threedimensional d models were used in three intraoral distraction cases two patients suffered from unilateral hemifacial microsomia and one from micrognathia after BL ankylosis caused by multifocal osteomyelitis in childhood in each case models of the head were produced and the distraction was simulated preoperatively the amount of distraction was mm in the two hemifacial microsomia patients and and mm in the ankylosis case extension of distractioicate that androgens decrease the firing frequency of the medullary pacemaker and alter the ion current kinetics in the electrocytes moreover the presence of nuclear androgen receptors in electrocytes suggests that androgens act directly on the EO to modify eod PP duration | MEDAL |
whole blood aggregometry is a functional CA for determination of platelet CF until now whole blood aggregometry has not been considered feasible at low platelet counts hence the objectives of the present T0 were to explore PLT CF in thrombocytopenia using a novel index of impedance aggregometry adjusted for platelet count and evaluate the association to platelet CF assessed by FC hirudin anticoagulated blood was collected from healthy volunteers patients with primary immune TP itp and hematological cancer patients PLT function was analyzed by impedance aggregometry and by flow cytometry collagen adenosine diphosphate thrombin receptor agonist peptide and ristocetin were used as agonists for both analyses TP in healthy whole blood was induced in vitro employing a recently published method PLT aggregation of thrombocytopenic patients was evaluated relative to the aggregation of healthy volunteers at the same PLT count in FC PLT CF was described as expression of the platelet surface glycoproteins bound fibrinogen cd and pselectin similar PLT counts were obtained in the patient CG p range à | MEDAL |
atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and is usually responsible for PS requiring some treatment antiarrhythmic drugs are the first choice therapy but their potential risks are significant this together with their limited tau restricts their use antiarrhythmic drug use should be tailored mainly according to the underlying HR disease when reversion to sinus rhythm is not eligible the adequate control of ventricular rate and the reduction of embolic risk are the therapeutic goals atrial flutter shows different behaviour regarding the very limited tau of antiarrhythmic drugs for reversion to and maintenance in SR | MEDAL |
sodium is a required nutrient adequate intakes for adults range from to mgday depending on age the tolerable upper intake level ul for sodium is mgday for adults based on the relationship between sodium intake and increased blood pressure elevated blood pressure which is prevalent among canadians is in turn a L1 risk factor for stroke cardiovascular disease and renal disease sodium intake is not the only determinant of blood pressure other modifiable risk factors include relative mass PCS activity overall dietary quality and alcohol consumption however because of adult canadian men and two thirds of canadian women have sodium intakes above the ul health canadas working group on dietary sodium reduction has been charged with developing implementing and overseeing a strategy to reduce canadians sodium intakes it is estimated that approximately of dietary sodium is added during food processing in addition to taste and palatability sodium also has functional roles in food manufacturing and preservation although the amounts used often exceed those required because of the central role of processed foods in sodium intake the strategy proposed by health canadas working group includes voluntary reduction of sodium in processed foods and foods sold in food service establishments it will also include an education and awareness campaign and research and surveillance initiatives to reduce sodium in other parts of the world have demonstrated that it will be challenging to reduce sodium NI to the recommended range and will likely require many years to accomplish | MEDAL |
ARF arf is a common condition seen in neonatal intensive care units it is broadly classified into prerenal intrinsic renal and post renal failure there is no consensus on the definition of neonatal arf of utmost importance is to differentiate prerenal from intrinsic renal failure the most common causes of neonatal arf are hypovolemia hypotension and hypoxia among several indices that are available for differentiating prerenal failure from intrinsic renal failure fractional excretion of sodium is the preferred index diagnostic fluid challenge with or without frusemide is a bed side method for differentiating prerenal failure from intrinsic renal failure babies with arf have to be monitored for several metabolic derangements like hyponatremia hyperkalemia hypocalcemia and acidosis and have to be managed accordingly fluid balance should be precise in order to avoid fluid overload it is difficult to provide adequate calories due to fluid restriction dialysis has to be instituted to preempt complications peritoneal dialysis is the easiest and safest modality these babies need long term follow up as they are prone for long term complications | MEDAL |
the effects of aortocoronary bypass surgery on left ventricular lv CF and prognosis were studied in patients with severe LCA disease consisted of LM trunk lmt stenosis and LM equivalent lme that is the combined disease of LAD lad and left circumflex coronary arteries proximal to the origin of their L1 branches one of cases had bypass grafts occluded on the postoperative angiogram the other cases consisted of cases with previous TMI ptmi and without ptmi had all bypass grafts opened including grafts to lad in cases without ptmi all of lv function parameters markedly improved postoperatively in the other cases with ptmi lv ejection fraction significantly increased from preoperatively to postoperatively p less than plvsplvesv also increased from to p less than in both CG lv segmental wall motion swm increased in the anterior and apical segment whereas did not in the posteroinferior segment in the case with occluded grafts lv function was deteriorated postoperatively even in the cases which anterior swm showed less than the lowest value in the normal subjects anterior and apical swm significantly increased postoperatively in both groups angina disappeared postoperatively in all cases but one with ptmi all cases showed nyha class iii to iv preoperatively then class i to ii postoperatively postoperative years actuarial survival rate was | MEDAL |
cd is a cellsurface receptor for the cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor macrophage migration inhibitory factor IB to cd induces its intramembrane cleavage and the PR of its cytosolic intracellular domain cdicd which regulates cell survival in the present study we characterized the transcriptional activity of cdicd in CLL B1 we show that following cd activation cdicd interacts with the transcription factors runx runt related transcription factor and nfκb and binds to proximal and distal regulatory sites enriched for genes involved in apoptosis immune response and cell migration this process leads to regulation of expression of these genes our results suggest that identifying targets of cd will help in understanding of essential pathways regulating bcell survival in health and disease | MEDAL |
over the past several years surgeons have sought to develop techniques to decrease the morbidity of various procedures as a result an extensive array of progressively more minimally invasive techniques now exists in the urologists armamentarium including smaller mini incisions laparoscopic handassisted surgery as well as pure laparoscopic and robotic approaches theoretically smaller incisions result in decreased pain and subsequently accelerated convalescence postoperatively most recently innovative surgeons across multiple surgical specialties have pioneered the concept of eliminating incisions altogether and operating through natural orifices which has been termed natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery notes the improved cosmesis associated with a pure notes RPA is an attractive option for patients undergoing invasive therapeutic and diagnostic procedures notes has significant potential for use by urological surgeons as evidenced by multiple studies demonstrating the feasibility of pure and hybrid notes procedures in cadaveric animal and human subjects the purpose of this paper is to review the rationale for notes in urological surgery and to detail the current limitations of this new technique | MEDAL |
success in controlling hyperglycemia in type i diabetics will require a restoration of basal insulin to this end three plasmid dnas pdna encoding PPI were compared for constitutive expression and processing to insulin in nonendocrine cells in vitro the pdnas were designed to express rat proinsulin i vr rat PI i with the b aspartic acid point mutation vr and a derivative of vr with a furin cleavage site added at the bchain and cpeptide junction vr cells transfected with vr or vr were able to secrete only proinsulin whereas transfection with vr yielded mature insulin which could be increased to by cotransfection with a furin expression plasmid vr the insulin produced was biologically active the BL injection of microg of vr plasmid into the tibialis anterior muscles of mice on two consecutive days yielded on average several hundred picograms of rat proinsulin per milliliter of serum in balbc mice SS PI peaked days postinjection and declined to preinjection C2 by days in nu/nu mice serum PI was sustained for at least weeks the therapeutic efficacy of delivering insulin via muscle i.t. of pdna was evaluated in nu/nu mice made diabetic with the beta cell toxin streptozotocin stz all animals given control dna died within week of receiving stz while of the mice coinjected with plasmids vr and vr lived through the duration of the week experiment muscles of the surviving animals contained ng of immunereactive insulin iri of which was mature insulin the results suggest that rat insulin made in muscle increased the survival rate we propose that insulin plasmid expression in skeletal muscle may be a valid approach to basal insulin delivery the feasibility of plasmid dnabased delivery of basal insulin was investigated an expression system consisting of pdnas encoding a selectively mutated rat PPI and mouse furin was developed and characterized in vitro and in vivo when injected with PPI pdna the mouse TA muscle expressed and released PI into serum at levels comparable to normal basal insulin in rodents these rat proinsulin levels were sustained for several weeks in immunecompromised nondiabetic mice mouse muscle coinjected with a pdna encoding the endopeptidase furin and a pdna encoding a preproinsulin modified to contain two furin cleavage sites produced fully processed insulin this musclemade insulin appears to have contributed to the survival of mice treated with a highly diabetogenic dose of streptozotocin a beta cell toxin the results demonstrate that skeletal muscle is able to express and deliver therapeutic insulin from plasmid dna | MEDAL |
a membrane microdomain EC in cholesterol and glycosphingolipids or so called raft region was found to contain many signal transducing proteins such as gpianchored cell adhesion molecules trimeric g proteins and protein tyrosine kinases in previous studies we showed that the raft region obtained from rat brain contains two CSK proteins tubulin and actin as the major components in addition to these signal transducing proteins in this study to know the biochemical mechanisms regulating the cytoskeletal organization in this region actin RII MICs in raft were surveyed we found the presence of a cadependent actin nucleation promoting activity in raft the solubilization and column fractionation of this activity combined with western blotting and IP showed that gelsolin is one of the actin regulatory proteins in raft | MEDAL |
to investigate the difference between twodimensionally measured disc diameters dds based on fundus images and 3D measured dds based on enhanced depth imaging OCT edioct | MEDAL |
caspase is one of the main executors of apoptosis its zymogen procaspase was localized to cytosol mitochondria and nuclei the subcellular location of procaspase in CL was reported by several studies to be either cytosolic or cytosolic and mitochondrial our aim was to investigate these separate procaspase pools to differentiate the pathways of their activation by cell fractionation immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy we report that there is a single procaspase pool located to the cytosol in primary hepatocytes and in fractions of rat CL in contrast it depends on the isolation purity whether procaspase is located in mitochondria of nonparenchymal liver cells or not all S9 with mitochondrial procaspase fractions contain traces of haemoglobin indicating the presence of some erythrocytes which are the source of mitochondrial procaspase since erythrocytes migrate with mitochondria in subcellular fractionations it is important to check for haemoglobin before localizing the protein to mitochondria | MEDAL |
C1 densecored vesicles are transported centrifugally in the CST and are depleted in a calciumdependent manner from synaptic boutons of the cat SCG ganglion during orthodromic stimulation at hz p weldon et al neuroscience in the present T0 we tested in awake cats whether the normal tonic firing of the sympathetic preganglionic neuron contributes to the turnover of large densecored LDV in synaptic boutons of the SCG tetrodotoxin was applied with a miniosmotic pump to one cervical sympathetic trunk while vehicle alone was applied to the CL CST for two four or seven days the appearance of horner syndrome ipsilateral to the tetrodotoxin application demonstrated block of action potential propagation both SCG ganglia were excised and processed for electron microscopy the number of large DCVs per bouton crosssection was higher in the ganglion with tetrodotoxintreated input than in the control the content at four days was higher than at two days the content at seven days was similar to that at four days the number of lysosomes per bouton profile also increased in the ganglion with tetrodotoxintreated input no changes were observed in size of bouton profiles number of boutons or of synapses per grid square and length of the presynaptic densities in the ganglion with tetrodotoxintreated inputabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
the predictive accuracy of inph diagnoses could be increased using a combination of supplemental tests for inph to evaluate the dynamic state of water displacement during the cardiac cycle in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus inph we determined the NC in water displacement using qspace analysis of diffusion magnetic resonance image ecgtriggered singleshot diffusion echo planar imaging was used water MSD was obtained from the MSD probability profile calculated by fourier transform of the signal decay fitted as a function of the reciprocal spatial vector q then maximum minus minimum displacement deltadisplacement of all cardiac phase images was calculated we assessed the deltadisplacement in VWM in patients with inph and atrophic ventricular dilation atrophic vd and in healthy volunteers control group deltadisplacement in inph was significantly higher than those in the atrophic vd and control this shows that water molecules of the WG matter in inph are easily fluctuated by volume loading of the cranium during the cardiac cycle due to the decrease in intracranial compliance there was no significant correlation between deltadisplacement and MSD the deltadisplacement and the displacement do not necessarily yield the same kind of information deltadisplacement demonstrated to obtain biophysical information about fluctuation this analysis may be helpful in the understanding physiology and pathological condition in inph and the assisting in the diagnosis | MEDAL |
IP blood lymphocytes from patients with multiple sclerosis ms and two control CG patients with neurologic diseases other than ms and healthy individuals were examined for their cellular response to basic protein bp suppressor cell activity elicited by concanavalin a cona and enumeration of t gamma cells lymphocytes from patients with AS and chronic progressive ms showed the highest blastogenic stimulation in response to bp the lowest conainduced suppression and the lowest absolute and relative number of t gamma cells lymphocytes from patients with nonactive or slowly progressive ms showed bp blastogenic stimulation similar to or slightly higher than that of the control CG the cona suppressor activity and the absolute and relative number of t gamma cells in the nonactive ms group were within normal ranges the results indicate that although hypersensitivity to bp may be accompanied by deficient immunoregulatory activity there is no DP in the sequence of events in addition in some instances changes in the immunoregulatory cells occurred with little or no effect on the cellular response to the neural antigen | MEDAL |
aneurysms of the distal RA at the level of the wrist are rare most reported cases are posttraumatic either from iatrogenic arterial puncture for radial arterial access or from a penetrating injury other causes include infection and CTD early diagnosis is important to avoid the potential complications of thrombus formation distal digital ischemia and rupture DUE of the RA is typically performed using noninvasive modalities like ultrasonography computed tomographic angiography cta and magnetic resonance angiography mra invasive angiography can also be performed particularly if minimally invasive treatment options are being considered we report a case of a yearold male mechanic who presented with pain at the base of the left thumb dorsally with reproducible painful snapping on dynamic exam ultrasound demonstrated a fusiform aneurysm of the RA at the level of the aneurysm there was dynamic entrapment of the artery between the extensor pollicis longus epl tendon and the underlying trapezium the patients symptoms improved with conservative management and avoidance of the snappingproducing maneuvers to our knowledge this is the first published case of snapping at the base of the thumb resulting in repetitive entrapment of the radial i.a. by the epl tendon captured on dynamic ultrasound examination | MEDAL |
gait adaptation is a task that requires finetuned coordination of all degrees of freedom in the lower limbs by the CE nervous system however when individuals NC their gait it is unknown how this coordination is organized and how it can be influenced by contextual interference during practice such knowledge could provide information about measurement of gait adaptation during rehabilitation AB individuals completed an acute bout of asymmetric splitbelt treadmill walking where one limb was driven at a constant velocity and the other according to one of three designed practice paradigms serial practice where the variable limb belt velocity increased over time random blocked practice where every strides the VL limb belt velocity changed randomly random practice where every stride the VL limb belt velocity changed randomly on the second day subjects completed one of two different transfer tests one with a belt asymmetry close to that experienced on the acquisition day transfer and one with a greater asymmetry transfer to reduce this inherently highdimensional dataset principal component analyses were used for kinematic data collected throughout the acquisition and transfer phases resulting in SE of the first two principal components pcs for acquisition pc and pc were related to sagittal and frontal plane control for transfer pc and pc were related to frontal plane control of the base of support and wholebody CM for transfer pc did not have any variables with high enough coefficients deemed to be relevant and pc was related to sagittal plane control observations of principal component scores indicate that variance structuring differs among practice groups during acquisition and transfer but not transfer these results demonstrate the main kinematic coordinative structures that exist during gait adaptation and that control of sagittal plane and FC plane motion are perhaps a tradeoff during acquisition of a novel asymmetric gait DP | MEDAL |
triamterene mumoll inhibits the positive inotropic action of orciprenaline in guineapig left atria mumoll triamterene completely suppress the effect of orciprenaline moll but if orciprenaline is applied first and TA afterwards no antagonism can be seen TA shows an additional PIE a mathematical model is presented which allows a quantitative description of the interaction if two different sites of action are accepted for triamterene a stimulating effect mediated via inhibition of phosphodiesterase and leading to an increase in slow inward current and an inhibition of the orciprenalineadenylcyclase complex the additional increase in CF by TA after i.c.v. with orciprenaline can be explained by the MM if the blocking site of TA is not considered triamterene increases force of isometric contraction and broadens action potential in all repolarization phases in guineapig LA to a greater extent than in PTC muscles mumoll triamterene increases action potential duration at repolarization in atria by n and in papillary muscles by n these effects also occur to a similar degree when the animals have been pretreated with RES mgkg on days prior to the experiment maximum upstroke velocity of atrial and VVI action potentials is not changed up to mumoll triamterene indicating its lack of influence on cardiac fast sodium channels | MEDAL |
a patient who developed intravitreal ciliary body neovascularization following cyclocryotherapy for neovascular glaucoma is presented presenting VH limited her visual acuity to T3 panretinal photocoagulation the intravitreal ciliary body neovascularization regressed the vitreous hemorrhage cleared and the patients visual acuity was the possible pathogenesis of intravitreal ciliary body neovascularization is reviewed and the reason for regression of the neovascular tissue is hypothesized | MEDAL |
to evaluate changes in healthcare utilization costs and disease activity from to for patients with early rheumatoid arthritis ra | MEDAL |
plectin has been characterized as a linker protein that is expressed in many cell types and is distinctive in various isoforms in the nterminus and around the rod domain due to complicated AS of plec the gene encoding plectin plectin deficiency causes autosomal recessive epidermolysis bullosa simplex ebs with involvement of the skin and other organs such as muscle and gastrointestinal tract depending on the expression pattern of the defective protein in addition a point mutation in the rod domain of plectin leads to AD ebs called as ebsogna plectin can be targeted by circulating autoantibodies in subepidermal autoimmune blistering diseases this review summarizes plectinrelated skin diseases from congenital to autoimmune disorders | MEDAL |
cholinergic murine Neuro-2a maintained in vitro were exposed to a low concentration microgramsml of adriamycin morphologically the treated cells appeared to differentiate the cell HB increased in size from an average fixed cell body diameter of to micrometers the cells developed long processes became argyrophilic and the percentage of cells undergoing mitosis decreased relative to controls acetylcholine esterase activity increased in the drugtreated cells suggesting induction of differentiation however choline acetyltransferase activity and ganglioside composition remained unchanged in addition inoculation of mice with x viable drugtreated or control cells resulted in all of the mice developing neuroblastoma no differences were observed in either the rate of tumor development or survival times these results suggest that Neuro-2a may survive adriamycin treatment by becoming differentiated ceasing cell division until conditions favor their undergoing another cell cycle | MEDAL |
G1 protein c apc is a NK anticoagulant with strong antiinflammatory Bcl-2 and barrier stabilizing properties these cytoprotective properties of apc are thought to be exerted through its pathway involving the binding of apc to endothelial protein c receptor and cleavage of proteaseactivated receptors in this T0 we found that apc enhanced endothelial barrier integrity via a novel pathway by IB directly to and activating tie a transmembrane EC tyrosine kinase receptor IB assays demonstrated that apc competed with the only known ligands of tie the angiopoietins angs apc bound directly to tie kd nm with markedly stronger IB affinity than ang T3 binding apc rapidly activated tie to enhance EC barrier CF as shown by evans blue dye transfer across confluent cell monolayers and in vivo studies blocking tie restricted endothelial barrier integrity this T0 highlights a novel mechanism by which apc binds directly to tie to enhance EC barrier integrity which helps to explain apcs protective effects in vascular leakagerelated pathologies | MEDAL |
a yearold male presented with reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome rpls manifesting as HA papilledema and renal hypertension tweighted magnetic resonance mr imaging showed hyperintensity lesions in the medulla pons bilateral thalami and bilateral deep VWM of the po lobes the pons was swollen diffusionweighted mr imaging did not show increased intensity in these lesions the lesions disappeared with improvement of clinical PS after treatment for hypertension these findings suggested the lesions were vasogenic edema and the diagnosis was rpls tweighted and diffusionweighted mr imaging are useful modalities to differentiate rpls from other CE NS abnormalities such as infarction multiple sclerosis and central pontine myelinolysis the clinical and neuroradiological findings of rpls can be reversed by timely initiation of treatment for the causative factor | MEDAL |
a case of congenital coronary arteriovenous fistula with infective endocarditis caused by penicillinresistant streptococcus mitis is reported lack of prophylactic antibiotics during dental procedure may cause the OD of endocarditis bactericidal test schlichter test was performed to guide the therapy for this case of BE caused by penicillinresistant viridans streptococci this case highlights the importance of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with underlying HR disease undergoing dental procedures | MEDAL |
according to the dual control model sexual arousal is dependent on the disposition for both sexual excitation se and sexual inhibition si bancroft individual variability in sexual inhibition and sexual excitation could partly explain individual differences in sexual arousability and the likelihood of experiencing sexual problems bancroft graham janssen sanders the sexual excitationsexual inhibition inventory for women sesiiw is a questionnaire developed to measure the AF sexual excitation and sexual inhibition graham sanders milhausen this T0 describes the validation of the dutch version of the sesiiw in a sample of women using confirmatory factor analysis we determined that the eight lowerorder factor MM achieved adequate fit to the data a decrement in fit was noted when the two higherorder AF se and si were included in the MM the measure demonstrated good construct validity internal consistency and testretest reliability furthermore the scores of women with sexual problems differed from those without sexual problems providing evidence for the discriminant validity of the sesiiw | MEDAL |
using two different monoclonal antibodies to human estrogen receptor er the enzymeimmunoassay was performed the values of er contents in human breast CA and untreated rat uteri obtained by this procedure were correlated well with those by h estradiol binding assay when estradiol was injected to immature rats the enzymeimmunoassay showed the uterine receptor dynamic pattern similar to those analyzed by exchange assays in contrast tamoxifen administration induced the immunoassayable but nonsteroid binding form of er this erlike antigen was the HL molecule with the sedimentation constant of s while er in untreated rat uterine cytosol sedimented at s these results suggest the presence of unique molecular state of er induced by tamoxifen | MEDAL |
a prospective sonographic evaluation of the distal femoral and PT tibial epiphyseal ossification centers in NP was carried out from to weeks gestation the mean gestational age at which the distal femoral epiphysis and PT tibial epiphysis were imaged was and weeks respectively the distal FA epiphysis was not identifiable before weeks but was observed in of fetuses at weeks and in of fetuses at weeks gestation the presence of a distal femoral epiphysis measuring or mm was associated with a gestational age of greater than weeks in of fetuses whereas a distal femoral epiphysis measuring greater than or equal to mm was associated with a gestational age greater than weeks in of fetuses the PT tibial epiphysis which was absent before weeks gestation was observed in of fetuses at weeks in of fetuses at weeks and in of fetuses at weeks of gestation the presence of a proximal tibial epiphysis of or mm was associated with a gestational age of greater than weeks in of fetuses whereas a PT tibial epiphysis greater than or equal to mm was associated with a gestational age of greater than weeks in of fetuses the sonographic evaluation of distal FA epiphysisproximal tibial epiphysis can be used as independent markers for estimation of gestational age during the third trimester a period in which standard fetal biometric estimates of gestational age are least accurate | MEDAL |
an enzyme capable of hydrolysing tetrathionate was purified from cellfree extracts of thiobacillus acidophilus the purified enzyme converts TT into thiosulfate sulfur and sulfate in addition pentathionate could also be converted by the same enzyme measurement of the CEA during purification is based on the absorbance of the initial intermediates formed from TT iphoinositide kinase gamma pikgamma in cos cells activated mapk in a gbetagammadependent fashion and expression of a catalytically inactive mutant of pikgamma abolished the stimulation of mapk by gbetagamma or in response to stimulation of muscarinic m g proteincoupled receptors signaling from pikgamma to mapk appears to require a IMT kinase shc grb sos ras and raf these findings indicate that pikgamma mediates gbetagammadependent regulation of the mapk signaling pathway | MEDAL |
tumor necrosis factor alpha tnf alpha is a potent modulator of human keratinocyte ICAM-1 icam expression tnf alpha is known to exert its biologic effects by IB to specific cellsurface receptors two distinct tnf binding molecules the kd and the kd tnf receptor tnfr recently have been found to be expressed by human cells these two receptor types are independently regulated and differ markedly in their intracellular regions indicating PET dichotomy in order to gain further insight into the mechanisms underlying icam regulation in human keratinocytes in the present study the receptor molecules mediating tnf alpha induced icam upregulation in human KCs was defined human keratinocyte tnfr expression was assessed using monoclonal antibodies that specifically recognize the kd or the kd tnfr using facs analysis normal hnk as well as transformed kb human keratinocytes were found to react with antikd tnfr but not antikd tnfr antibodies these immunofluorescence data were confirmed by RNA blot analysis revealing clearly detectable amounts of mrna TPS for the kd tnfr in kb cells incubation of human KCs with antikd tnfr antibodies at degrees c for h increased icam expression in a tnf alphalike fashion moreover the well known synergistic effect of ifn gamma plus tnf alpha on keratinocyte icam induction could be mimicked by stimulation of cells with ifn gamma plus antikd tnfr antibodies synergistic icam induction was not associated with increased expression of the kd tnfr in ifn gammastimulated human keratinocytes these studies indicate that human KCs express the kd tnf receptor and that this surface molecule may play an important role in regulation of human KC icam expression | MEDAL |
this T0 was carried out to examine the interaction of extremely lowfrequency EM fields elfemf on delayed CIN by bleomycin blm in beta cells a micronucleuscentromere CA using dna probes for chromosomes and was performed and a hz elfemf of mt field strength was applied either CT or with blm throughout the SC period the frequencies of micronuclei mn and aneuploidy were analyzed at and h after treatment with blm the coexposure of cells to blm and elfemf led to a significant increase in the frequencies of mn and aneuploidy compared to the cells treated with blm CT no difference was observed between fieldexposed and shamexposed control cells the frequency of mn induced by blm was increased at h and further analysis showed a persistent increase up to h but the new C2 were not significantly different from the level at h blm increased the frequencies of aneuploidy at and h and significantly higher frequency of aneuploidy was observed in the cells analyzed at h compared to the cells examined at h no interaction of elfemf on delayed chromosomal instability by blm was observed our results suggest that elfemf enhances the cytotoxicity of blm blm might induce delayed chromosomal instability but no effect of elfemf was observed on the blminduced delayed chromosomal instability in FB cells | MEDAL |
biochemical and molecular genetic studies were made on a case of placental aromatase parom deficiency of the enzymes participating in the ETS of placental microsomes only aromatase activity was decreased specifically in the patient being less than of the normal activity RNA and WB analyses showed that the transcription of the aromatase gene and the translation of its mrna proceeded normally in the placenta of this patient however aromatase cdna isolated from a placental cdna library of the patient was found to have an insert of base pairs encoding amino acids in frame with no termination codon the insert was located at the splicing point between exon and intron of the normal aromatase gene and the extra dna fragment was the first part of intron except that its initial gt was altered to gc these findings indicated that in this patient with aromatase deficiency splicing between exon and intron did not occur at the normal position because of a point mutation in its consensus sequence and was forwarded to gt in the next cryptic consensus CS base pairs downstream according to the canonical gtag rule resulting in translation of an abnormal protein molecule with extra amino acids during the transient expression in cos cells the aromatase cdna of the patient was found to produce a protein with a trace of activity this is the first report of a genetic defect for aromatase deficiency | MEDAL |
eighty consecutive patients with advanced head and neck CA were treated with combined therapy of radical surgery and postoperative radiotherapy indications for postoperative radiotherapy were pathological staging of the PT pt or pt poorly differentiated or undifferentiated carcinoma g g tumour thickness tumour invasion in the surrounding tissues with slender tumour strands and solitary tumour cells perineural spread lymphangioinvasive TG multiple positive neck nodes or ENS and microscopical irradicality of the surgical margins the contribution for prognosis of these indications for PORT were retrospectively calculated in an univariate and multivariate analysis of all investigated parameters the mode of tumour invasion and lymphangioinvasive growth were independent prognostic AF if these unfavourable prognostic signs are present PORT has to be intensified to at least curative doses of gy or more to the Az at risk | MEDAL |
an ideal bone plate for internal fixation of bone fractures should have good biomechanical properties and biocompatibility in this T0 we prepared a new nondegradable bone SP composed of a ternary nanohydroxyapatitepolyamide glass fiber nhapagf composite a breakage area on the nhapagf plate surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy its mechanical properties were investigated using boneplate constructs and biocompatibility was evaluated in vitro using bone marrowderived mesenchymal stem cells the results confirmed that adhesion between the nhapa matrix and the glass SF was strong with only a few fibers pulled out at the site of breakage fractures fixed by the nhapagf plate showed lower stiffness and had satisfactory strength compared with rigid fixation using a titanium plate moreover the results with regard to mesenchymal stem cell morphology mtt assay ARS staining enzymelinked immunosorbent CA and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for ALP phosphata co dissociation proceeds with a low barrier on these ru surface atom ensembles | MEDAL |
red bone marrow of healthy persons has considerable contents of water and lipids the cellularity and the corresponding fatwater ratio within the marrow show clear changes in hematological diseases magnetic resonance mr methods use the signals of the protons of water and lipids this paper gives a comparison between different standard mr techniques and recently developed fat and waterselective imaging methods addressing their sensitivity to bone marrow changes in one additionally h results of spectroscopic methods are presented the results and conclusions are based on the examination of healthy volunteers and patients with GA or focal bone marrow alterations standard tweighted images did not distinguish bone marrow of young healthy volunteers with relatively high cellularity from HAL using fat and waterselective methods patients with UT leukemia showed only water proton signals and no lipid signals from red bone marrow of vertebral bodies and the pelvis this phenomenon was never observed in healthy volunteers following chemotherapy lipid and water contents normalize in successfully treated patients nonresponders did not show significant changes of the fatwater ratio T3 up to weeks of therapy phase contrast imaging provides information about the difference between fat and water fractions within the bone marrow but quantitative determination of the absolute fat and water fractions requires acquisition of several images and suffers from the susceptibility effects in trabecular bone marrow the fatwater ratio and additional qualities of water and lipid protons relaxation times can be evaluated by volumeselective mr spectroscopy typical results of spectra from smallvolume elements in hypercellular vertebral bone marrow of leukemic patients before cytotoxic treatment and of normocellular or hypocellular marrow T3 therapy are demonstrated | MEDAL |
in complex systems such as hospitals or ATC operations critical incidents cis are unavoidable these incidents can not only become critical for victims but also for professionals working at the sharp end who may have to deal with critical incident stress cis reactions that may be severe and impede emotional physical cognitive and social SF-36 these cis reactions may occur not only under exceptional conditions but also during everyday work and become an important safety issue in contrast to air traffic management atm operations in europe which have readily adopted CIS management cism most hospitals have not yet implemented comprehensive peer support programs this survey was conducted in at the only EU GA hospital setting which implemented cism program since the aim of the article is to describe possible contribution of cism in hospital settings framed from the perspective of organizational safety and individual health for healthcare professionals findings affirm that daily work related incidents also can become critical for healthcare professionals prograh moderate improvement in SMB attention and sleep in patients the youngest patient was the most likely to display neurocognitive benefit | MEDAL |
we describe a young patient with a family PH of hereditary one who developed extensive pancreatic CN complicated by pancreatic ascites because of failure of medical management he was successfully treated with operative necrosectomy and primary wound closure over peripancreatic drains a postoperative lowoutput pancreaticocutaneous fistula resolved with time pancreatic ascites as a result of pancreatic duct disruption is more common in chronic rather than AP and is exceedingly uncommon in the context of NP when it complicates the latter treatment should be guided by the principles of management of NP however when true pancreatic ascites persists the PD anatomy and site of leak should be defined with endoscopic VA pancreatography erp treatment options include endoscopic duct dilatation and stent placement if a stricture exists proximal to the leak onlay pancreaticojejunostomy or distal pancreatectomy especially if the leak is located in the distal pancreas or in an enterically isolated distal pancreas | MEDAL |
the objective of this study was to analyze the mycelial growth under different SC conditions and the antimicrobial activity of lentinus citrinus walleyn rammeloo dpua and neolentinus lepideus fr redhead ginns dpua against some fungi and bacteria the growth of lentinus spp was evaluated in natural and complex media with and without CS at °c and °c for and days to test antimicrobial activity we used CA dpua cryptococcus laurentii dpua aspergillus flavus dpua efor polysomnography for evaluation of snoring unrefreshing sleep and daytime sleepiness despite a selfreported average of hours of sleep a night the mother reported he snored intermittently although there were no witnessed apneic episodes or fragmented sleep he denied morning headaches he reported that his sleep was generally unrefreshing and he would experience significant daytime sleepiness especially after school or when doing his homework however his epworth sleepiness scale score was only of he denied any PS consistent with a movement disorder parasomnia cataplexy hypnogogichypnopompic hallucinations sleep paralysis CR disorders or insomnia he reported a family PH of SA in his grandfather | MEDAL |
the effect of olive oil phenolic content and pattern on the physical properties and stability of olive oil mayonnaiselike emulsions has been investigated mayonnaises were formulated with either naturally phenolicrich extra virgin olive oils or purified olive oil artificially EC with a phenolicrich olive extract and pure oleuropein mayonnaises were characterized by droplet size CSD microstructure textural properties and flow behaviour the addition of phenolic extracts significantly affected the dispersion degree of the corresponding mayonnaiselike emulsions their microstructure and PCS stability especially in the systems prepared with purified olive oil treated with pure oleuropein and the highest olive phenolic extract concentration the viscosity and backextrusion analyses evidenced that the systems characterized by a relatively high content of phenolics either NK or by addition presented lower yield stress and viscosity indices and were easier to deform and to break this T0 confirms the main role of olive phenolic compounds and in particular that of oleuropein in the dispersion state and PCS properties of emulsions with main effects on their quality and stability | MEDAL |
a tropomyosinspecific oligonucleotide probe ren designed to hybridize to all known human tropomyosin isoforms was used to study TM mrna C2 in normal and transformed human cells at least four different sizes of rnas were detected in normal human FB kd cells by northern blot analysis the major bands of kb rna for htm and kb rna for htm were decreased substantially in various transformed cell lines one of the minor rna bands kb for htm and htm appeared to be absent in a human pancreatic HEp-2 the level of the other minor rna band kb for htm was found to be unchanged or slightly decreased in transformed cells this differential expression of tropomyosin isoforms at the rna level was not totally in PA with the difference in the protein amounts found in normal and transformed cells suggesting that translational control may also play an important role in the expression of some tropomyosin isoforms the ren probe was further used to screen lambda gt and lambda gt cdna libraries which were constructed from polya rnas of human fibroblast cell lines hut and wi respectively in addition to cdna clones encoding known isoforms we obtained three classes of new cdna clones that encode two low mr isoforms htma and htmb and a high mr isoform htmsm alpha sequence comparison revealed that htma and htmb are alternatively spliced products derived from the same gene that encodes htm and htm northern blot analysis and amino acid CS comparison suggested that the htmsm alpha represents a smooth muscle tropomyosin which is also expressed in human fibroblasts the exon specific for and common to htma and htmb was found to be highly expressed in small intestine however there was no detectable expression of this exon in stomach and skeletal muscle the difference in tissuespecific expression suggests that different isoforms may perform distinct functions in different tissues | MEDAL |
the present experiment was performed to see the influence of phlebotomy on hematology SS chemistry and pathology data in rats when normal rats received a single phlebotomy of or ml blood erythrocyte count and hematocrit were slightly reduced along with a persistent depression of the blood pressure in repeated phlebotomy studies to ml each of blood was removed from each rat every other day for days normal rats from which ml and more of blood was withdrawn showed decreases in EA count and serum iron level concomitant with an increase in reticulocyte count similar findings were obtained in rats with ccl CL damage or gentamicin nephrotoxicity except that those rats hardly exhibited anemia because of a simultaneous occurrence of hemoconcentration histopathological findings of the CL and kidney were not different between animals with and without phlebotomy in phenylhydrazinetreated rats receiving repeated phlebotomy one rat in the ml phlebotomy and two rats in the ml phlebotomy died from severe anemia surviving rats receiving ml phlebotomy showed higher SS got and gpt MICs together with fatty deposition andor focal CN of HCs it is concluded that everyotherday phlebotomy of up to ml each does not significantly influence the physiological condition of normal or diseased rats | MEDAL |
analysis of clonotypic isotype class switching csr in waldenström macroglobulinemia wm and igm monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance mgus reveals a normal initial phase of bcell activation as determined by constitutive and inducible expression of activationinduced cytidine deaminase aid switch mu smu analysis shows that C1 deletions are not common in wm or igm mgus in cdlilstimulated wm cultures from patients we observed clonotypic igg exhibiting intraclonal homogeneity associated with multiple hybrid smusgamma junctions this suggests csr had occurred within wm cells nevertheless the estimated iggigmcell frequency was relatively low cells thus for the majority of wm B1 csr does not occur even when stimulated in vitro suggesting that the wm cell is constitutively unable to or being prevented from carrying out csr in contrast to wm the majority of igm mgus clones exhibit intraclonal heterogeneity of igh vdj furthermore most igm mgus accumulate more mutations in the upstream smu region than do wm making them unlikely wm progenitors these observations suggest that switch CS analysis may identify the subset of patients with igm mgus who are at risk of progression to wm | MEDAL |
to propose health system strategies to meeting the world health organization who recommendations on hiv screening through antenatal care anc services we assessed predictors of hiv screening and simulated the impact of changes in these predictors on the probability of hiv screening in guatemala honduras mexico state of chiapas nicaragua panama and el salvador | MEDAL |
whether serum lipoprotein a lpa C2 are an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease has been controversial we have investigated its status in a prospective population survey the second northwick park heart study | MEDAL |
singlechain derivatives of jrfl gp linked to the first two domains of human cd gpcdd or to the cd miniprotein analog cdm gpm have been constructed biacore studies revealed that gpcdd and gpm bound to antibody b with dissociation constants of and nm respectively at ph while gp CT did not bind the IB of gpcdd to b is not affected by the addition of excess soluble cdd while the binding of gpm is enhanced this finding indicates that the m component of the single chain interacts relatively weakly with gp and can be displaced by soluble cdd immunogenicity studies of gp gpcdd and gpm were carried out with guinea pigs all three molecules were highly immunogenic the resulting antisera were examined for neutralizing activities against various HIV-1 isolates broadly neutralizing activity was observed only with sera generated against gpcdd these antisera were depleted of anticdd antibodies by being passed over a column containing immobilized cdd the depleted sera showed a loss of broadly neutralizing activity sera that were affinity purified over a column containing immobilized gpm also lacked such NT activity this finding suggests that the broadly neutralizing response observed is exclusively due to OKT3 competition experiments showed that only antisera generated against gpcdd competed with the cdi antibody b and that this activity was not affected by depletion of anticd antibodies the data indicate that although antibodies targeting the cdi epitope were generated by the gpcdd immunogen these antibodies were nonneutralizing | MEDAL |
establishment of SD cell lines that constitutively express ca channels at HD and that are useful for in vitro studies may be complicated by problems with seal SQ and duration during wholecell patchclamp electrophysiology the current studies describe the generation and characterization of cells that express the human alphah ttype ca channel under the control of a tetracyclineinducible expression system western blot and immunostaining studies revealed that expression of the alphah protein occurred only in the presence of tetracycline using the wholecell patchclamp method the cells displayed peak inward currents of na in response to voltageclamp steps the ttype ca current was inhibited by the ttype ca channel antagonist mibefradil with an ic of nm this cell line with inducible channel expression sealed with longer duration during wholecell patchclamp recording when compared with a cell L1 that constitutively expresses the alphah ca channel ca influx through this channel could also be detected after the addition of extracellular ca the amount of ca influx was dependent on the cao with an ec of mm the ca influx was also inhibited by mibefradil with a potency ic nm similar to that observed in the voltageclamp studies overall this inducible alphah ca channelexpressing cell L1 is useful for the study of human ttype ca channel CF and offers advantages over a similar cell L1 that constitutively expresses the channel | MEDAL |
three cases of chilaiditis syndrome are reported case a yearold woman was admitted with dysphagia she had been suffering from PSS for years three years before the admission dysphagia developed and dilatation and hypomotility of the esophagus were observed chest and ABD xray films on admission showed severe dilatation of the intestine pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis abdominal free air and chilaiditis syndrome chilaiditis syndrome and other signs disappeared after CT she died four months later due to cor pulmonale case an yearold man was admitted with constipation and left lower ABD pain physical examination showed ascites chest and ABD xray examination showed chilaiditis syndrome cytological examination of ascites revealed adenocarcinoma cells diagnosis of peritonitis carcinomatosa due to cancer of pancreatic tail was made chilaiditis syndrome disappeared T3 removal of ascites case a yearold bedridden man who had UI developed meterorism repeated chest xray examinations constantly showed chilaiditis syndrome he died of pneumonia two T2 the pathogenesis of chilaiditis syndrome was discussed and the literature was reviewed | MEDAL |
a boy with WAS suffered from thymidine kinase tkaltered and aciclovirresistant herpes simplex virus type hsv skin infections he presented with severe herpes simplex around the left eye in march at the age of years hsv CS tas was isolated and was shown to be susceptible to ACV inhibitory concentration ic microgml he was treated with intravenous iv high dose aciclovir mgkg per h which produced an improvement about year later may a severe herpes simplex infection appeared on his face arm genitalia back and foot treatment with iv ACV mgkg per h was initiated but the skin lesions did not improve hsv CS tar was isolated and was shown to be resistant to aciclovir ic microgml hsv tar and tas were susceptible to vidarabine ic and microgml respectively the skin lesions were treated with iv ara-A mgkg per day and healed satisfactorily however in march the patient again experienced a severe herpes simplex infection around the left eye hsv CS r was isolated and was shown to be resistant to aciclovir ic microgml diminished sensitivity of hsv tar and r to aciclovir was associated with reduced viral tk activity and loss of ACV phosphorylation activity | MEDAL |
equine cushings disease is caused by an AH of the intermediate PIT which secretes high levels of betaendorphin acth and other peptide derivatives of pomc in the present study we found that plasma and CSF fluid immunoreactive betaendorphin i betaendorphin C2 were and fold higher than control values in horses with cushings disease there were no significant differences in IL i betaendorphin concentrations although anterior lobe i betaendorphin was significantly reduced in cushings horses presumably because high C2 of circulating GCs inhibit pomc biosynthesis in corticotrophs although the i betaendorphin concentration of the PT was not different from that in T/N the posttranslational processing of betaendorphin in the two tissues differed significantly in controls betaendorphin was extensively processed to nacetylbetaendorphin and and desacetyl betaendorphin nacetylbetaendorphin was the predominant form constituting of the total i betaendorphin whereas betaendorphin was quantitatively minor less than of the total immunoreactivity in adenomatous pituitaries the processing of betaendorphin was restricted significantly increasing the proportions of betaendorphin and nacetylbetaendorphin and lowering the amounts of nacetylbetaendorphin and these changes in peptide processing were associated with markedly reduced C2 of dopamine suggesting that the DA neurons that normally control intermediate lobe secretion no longer innervate the hyperplastic tissue these findings are consistent with evidence that the DA innervation of the intermediate pituitary regulates the posttranslational processing and release of betaendorphin | MEDAL |
to evaluate the oralhealth of preschoolchildren of incarceratedmothers at nine united arab emirates uae prisonnurseries and assess the oralhealth knowledge and attitudes of the prison nurseries CGs | MEDAL |
actin CSK controls a vast range of cellular processes such as motility cytokinesis differentiation vesicle transport phagocytosis muscle contraction a growing literature clearly demonstrated that actin cytoskeleton can play a regulating role in several signalling pathways cells tightly regulate actin dynamics through numerous specific proteins in order to rapidly and locally respond to various stimuli an obvious RPA to determine the involvement of actin cytoskeleton in signalling pathways is the use of actintargeting natural compounds these drugs modulate actin dynamics accelerating either polymerization or depolymerization through various mechanisms this review focus on the use of these actintargeting drugs as tools to demonstrate the role of actin cytoskeleton in several signal transduction pathways such as those initiated from antigen receptor in t and b cells or those involving mitogenactivated protein kinases mapks or transcription AF nfkappab and srf SRF in this last case srf the use of various actintargeting drugs participated in the elucidation of the molecular mechanism by which actin regulates srfmediated transcription | MEDAL |
i to compare CP performance parameters obtained from incremental exercise tests iets performed using a roboticsassisted TM and an arm crank ergometer ii to investigate testretest reliability during both modes of exercise | MEDAL |
oxidative AS that correlates with damage to nigrostriatal DA neurons and reactive gliosis in the basal ganglia is a hallmark of methamphetamine meth toxicity in this T0 we analyzed the protective role of the transcription factor nrf nuclear factorerythroid related factor a master regulator of redox homeostasis in methinduced neurotoxicity we found that nrf deficiency exacerbated methinduced damage to dopamine neurons shown by an increase in loss of IMT hydroxylase th and DAT1 datcontaining fibers in striatum consistent with these effects nrf deficiency potentiated glial activation indicated by increased striatal expression of markers for microglia mac and iba and astroglia gfap one day after meth administration at the same time nrf inactivation dramatically potentiated the increase in tnfα mrna and il protein expression in gfap cells in the striatum in sharp contrast to the potentiation of striatal damage nrf deficiency did not affect methinduced DA neuron death or expression of glial markers or Th1 molecules in the substantia nigra this T0 uncovers a new role for nrf in protection against methinduced inflammatory and oxidative stress and striatal degeneration | MEDAL |
a case of rheumatic fever with severe heart involvement in which articular rheumatoidlike features involving both hands appeared many years after clinical onset is described T3 reviewing the articular sequelae of RF and describing the clinical features of each form the authors point out the main differences between rheumatic fever and RA ICA and diagnose jaccouds ICA | MEDAL |
forty three patients used agricultural chemicals as a method of suicide over nine and a half years from oct to march and most cases were reported in june agricultural activity and december years end the highest prevalence was inpatients in their fifties of these patients who committed suicide were farmers or had no fixed occupation main precipitating factor was difficulties in interpersonal relationships and the largest number of patients were diagnosed as having manicdepressive psychosis depressed type | MEDAL |
directed evolution of biomolecules such as dna rna and proteins containing high diversity has emerged as an effective method to obtain molecules for various purposes in the recent past proteins from nonimmunoglobulins have attracted attention as they mimic antibodies with respect to binding potential and provide further potential advantages in this regard we have attempted to explore a threefinger neurotoxin protein f f proteins are small kda structurally well defined thermally stable and resistant to proteolysis that presents them as promising candidates for directed evolution | MEDAL |
the twostage skin carcinogenesis MM of initiation and promotion in sencar mice has been used to examine the effects of various tumorpromoting agents on the expression of the haras oncogene in early stages of tumorigenesis in vivo papillomas were induced in dimethylbenzaanthracene dmbainitiated sencar mouse epidermis by i complete promotion with benzoyl peroxide ii CR promotion with otetradecanoyl phorbolacetate tpa and iii twostage promotion with tpa for weeks followed by mezerein for weeks results of RNA blot hybridization analyses show that early papillomas contain significantly elevated levels of haras polyadenylated polya rna irrespective of the type of RT promotion regimen used this pattern holds for promoters of the PDBu class as well as for the free radical generating agent benzoyl peroxide furthermore digestion of RT dna with diagnostic restriction endonucleases demonstrated that weekold papillomas induced by dmba contained a point mutation in the st codon of one S2 of the haras gene the results represent the earliest stage in the OD of a papilloma at which a haras point mutation has been reported | MEDAL |
the potato genotype nd has solanum chacoense bitt in its genetic BG foliar alkaloid analysis of it and its progeny nd nd à chipeta by gas chromatographymass spectrometry gcms showed that in addition to the expected alkaloids solanidine leptinidine and acetylleptinidine there was an aglycone of another rare alkaloid its molecular mass and some of the mz fragment ions were similar to leptinidine but the major fragment ion was the mz peak of solanidine this fragmentation DP suggested that this alkaloid is a solanidinebased compound with mass equal to leptinidine leptinidine differs from solanidine by an extra oh group but the gcms fragmentation DP of the rare compound indicated hydroxylation at a different position than the c of leptinidine the exact chemical structure is still unknown and further analysis such as nmr will be necessary to determine the structure segregation analysis of nd nd à chipeta showed that presence of this rare compound segregated in a ratio indicating that a single gene controlled its synthesis andor accumulation in foliar tissue analysis with aflp and microsatellite markers indicated that the locuscontrolling presence of this alkaloid resided on potato chromosome i with the nearest flanking aflp markers and cm apart this rare alkaloid was present in the foliage and not detected in potato tubers its presence in leaves did not affect resistancesusceptibility to colorado potato beetle | MEDAL |
we investigated the detailed anatomy of the gluteus maximus gluteus medius and gluteus minimus and their neurovascular supply in hips in embalmed adult caucasian human cadavers this led to the development of a surgical technique for an D2 posterior RPA to the hip and pelvis that exposes the supraacetabular ilium and preserves the glutei during revision hip surgery PT to distal mobilisation of the GM from the posterior gluteal L1 permits SE and mobilisation of the superior gluteal neurovascular bundle between the sciatic notch and the entrance to the GM enabling a wider SE of the supraacetabular ilium this technique was subsequently used in nine patients undergoing revision total hip replacement involving the reconstruction of nine paprosky b acetabular defects five of which had pelvic discontinuity intraoperative electromyography showed that the innervation of the gluteal muscles was not affected by surgery clinical followup demonstrated good hip abduction CF in all patients these results were compared with those of a matched cohort treated through a kocherlangenbeck RPA our modified approach maximises the SE of the ilium above the sciatic notch while protecting the gluteal muscles and their NVB | MEDAL |
the PSA conversion of cellulosic biomass to ethanol a promising alternative fuel can be carried out efficiently and economically using the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation ssf process the ssf integrates the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose to gl catalyzed by the synergistic action of cellulase and betaglucosidase with the fermentative synthesis of ethanol because the enzymatic step determines the ethanol because the enzymatic step determines the availability of gl to the ethanologenic fermentation t microlepis exhibited disassortative mating in which reproductive pairings between lefties and righties occurred at higher than expected frequency p a previous study reported that a leftyrighty pairing produces a ratio of leftyrighty young suggesting that disassortative mating contributes to the maintenance of lateral dimorphism a combination of disassortative mating and negative frequencydependent selection may stabilize lateral dimorphism more than would a single mechanism | MEDAL |
a yearold man with a history of migraines epilepsy and pulmonary stenosis presented to the emergency department with symptoms of vomiting headache visual disturbance and problems with balance the team considered the possibility of intracranial pathology and an urgent ct head with contrast showed what appeared to be a C1 PF mass with an appearance suggestive of a primary haemangioblastoma which was causing considerable mass effect the patient had neurosurgery to relieve the obstruction and a biopsy of the area showed the mass to be an ischaemic infarct rather than a tumour further investigations following the stroke confirmed that the cause was due to having antiphospholipid syndrome and a patent foramen ovale the patient made a good recovery following the T0 and remains well | MEDAL |
the aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the ability of the root zx device to avoid instrumentation beyond the apical foramen in premolars T3 conventional working length radiography thirty extracted premolars with root canals were subjected to radiographic and electronic WL determination radiographic working length determination resulted in overestimation in of the root canals although the measuring file tip was located to be to mm short of the radiographic apex electronic working length measurements with the root zx reduced the percentage of overestimation to in root canals both radiographic and electronic working length measurements led to overestimation it is concluded that complementing radiographic WL determination with electronic apex locator measurements may help to avoid overestimation beyond the apical foramen in premolars | MEDAL |
the objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of structural analogues of xanthohumol a flavonoid compound found in hops humulus lupulus the agardiffusion method using filter paper disks was applied biological tests performed for selected strains of grampositive staphylococcus aureus and gramnegative escherichia coli bacteria fungi alternaria sp and yeasts rhodotorula rubra CA revealed that EDC with at least one hydroxyl groupall of them have it at the c positiondemonstrated good activity our research showed that the strain s aureus was more sensitive to chalcones than to the isomers in which the heterocyclic ring c is closed flavanones the CS r rubra was moderately CS to only one compound hydroxymethoxychalcone loss of the hydroxyl group in the bring of methoxychalcones or its replacement by a halogen atom cl br nitro group noâ ethoxy group ochâchâ or aliphatic substituent châ châchâ resulted in the loss of antimicrobial activity towards both r rubra yeast and s aureus bacteria xanthohumol naringenin and chalconaringenin inhibited growth of s aureus whereas hydroxymethoxychalcone was active towards two strains s aureus and r rubra | MEDAL |
the imprinted uafrs gene that maps to mouse chromosome is predominately expressed from the PWS allele we examined the methylation of genomic sequences in and around the uafrs locus to establish the extent of sequence modifications that accompanied the silencing of the maternal S2 the analysis of hapii or hhai sites showed that the silent maternal allele was hypermethylated in a block of cpg sequences that covered more than kb by comparison the expressed paternal allele was unmethylated from a cpg island upstream of the transcribed region through kb an analysis of dnasei hypersensitivity of a putative promoter of uafrs showed an open chromatin conformation only on the unmethylated expressed PWS allele these results suggest that allelespecific hypermethylation covering the gene and its UP cpg island plays a role in maternal allele repression of uafrs which is reflected in altered chromatin conformation of dnasei hypersensitive sites | MEDAL |
the origin of the malignant stem cell in multiple myeloma despite years of investigation by many laboratories remains elusive we have described a population of monoclonal circulating blineage lymphocytes that has been detected in all myeloma patients analyzed both at diagnosis and T3 chemotherapy and that has many properties consistent with its definition as either a stem cell compartment or an intermediate between the SC and the bone marrow localized plasma cells on average to of peripheral blood mononuclear cells are abnormal b cells that express cd and pca in conjunction with blineage markers cd cd and cd and VL expression of cd the b cells are monoclonal by SB analysis and represent a highly pleiomorphic population the migratory patterns of these cells are unknown and their presence in blood may reflect cells in transit from a parent organ such as spleen to bone marrow for terminal differentiation or they may originate in the bone marrow prior to circulation and seeding of other skeletal or extraskeletal CS the working hypothesis underlying this work postulates that these abnormal B1 originate outside the marrow giving rise to PCs only T3 migration to the bone marrow which provides a microenvironment conducive to terminal plasma cell differentiation bone marrow PCs do not include an actively proliferating component and are terminally differentiated end stage cells in contrast the circulating abnormal B1 include proliferating cells and appear to be heterogeneous in differentiation stage analysis of cd isoform expression indicates a population continuously differentiating from a late bcell stage through the early plasma cell stages to an end stage plasma cell quantitative and qualitative expression of cd has been shown to characterize bcell OD with a high density of the cdra isoform on mature resting B1 a transition to cdr on activated b cells and a gradual loss of total cd predominantly of the cdr isoform during plasma cell OD until on end stage plasma cells all cd expression is lost in myeloma patients all of these bcell stages are represented with the least differentiated b cells occurring in blood intermediate stages in both blood and marrow the most differentiated b andor plasma cells in the bone marro saline solution and polysorbate a tensioactive molecule on nasal mucous changes in mucous viscosity were assessed using a filancemeter and thromboelastograph at the same time a clinical study on the efficacy of treatment and the possible presence of SE was carried out in a population of rhinitic subjects the study highlighted the fluidifying effect of the preparation on nasal mucous and the CR absence of SE | MEDAL |
the aim of the present T0 was to investigate the presence and localization of the main g protein alphasubunits in the human fetal adrenal gland during the second trimester of gestation immunofluorescence studies conducted on sections from frozen glands obtained immediately after therapeutic abortion indicated that the alpha s S1 of the heterotrimeric gs protein was detected in all adrenal cell types except for EC cells the other alphasubunits had a more specific DP of distribution indeed the alpha il protein was restricted to the DZ whereas alpha i labeling was mainly expressed in the FZ the alpha q protein subunit was localized in VE cells at the periphery of the adrenal gland and in fetal cells at the center finally chromaffin cells expressed alpha s alpha q and alpha o but not alpha o nor alpha i altogether these results indicate that the human fetal adrenal gland is not only unique in its particular morphology and expression of steroidogenic enzymes but also by the differential expression of g protein alphasubunits such cell specific distribution in PG from midgestational fetuses may account for the absence or the different responses to stimuli when compared with the AD adrenal gland | MEDAL |
for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis dvt rapid diagnosis and prompt therapy are crucial to minimize the risk of fatal pulmonary embolism and longterm complications including the postthrombotic syndrome and recurrent TE the treatment of acute dvt remains controversial in this review treatment options in relation to exposing and predisposing risk AF are discussed evidencebased data and recommendations from official guidelines are presented | MEDAL |
nutritional influences on urinary total biopterin C2 in rats and pigs were investigated during the first nights in metabolic cages with food deprivation a significant increase in biopterin values was found in rats this could be diminished either by FF adaptation to food deprivation or by oral glucose application with food deprivation under normal housing conditions this increase could not be found rats that were fed a cellulose preparation without metabolizable SE had no increase in biopterin excretion the CR of biopterin excretion was influenced by FD as well as by cellulose alterations in water intake and urinary SO had no effect on biopterin C2 related to creatinine remarkable changes in biopterin excretion are more likely due to hormonal functions and regulations related to stress than to nutritional factors more investigations into these problems are being performed | MEDAL |
while during the s epidemiological studies searched for possible associations of environmental factors AF of lifestyle and cardiovascular diseases with agerelated macular degeneration armd this is now perceived as a multifactorial disorder with predisposing genetic constellations and with environmental AF contributing to PD the evidence which supports a genetic background of armd comes from populationbased studies as well as from familial aggregation and twin studies meanwhile the knowledge about the genetics of armd has increased however the search for the genetic basis faces challenges and due to the late ON there is usually only one generation available for studies moreover uncertainty surrounds the diagnosis in previous generations but nonetheless armd is clinically heterogeneous and some ambiguity exists concerning the earliest signs in this article the current state of genetic research into armd as well as the techniques to RPA this complex disorder will be discussed | MEDAL |
candol a βhydroxyentkaurene is efficiently transformed by gibberella fujikuroi into the gibberellin plant hormones in this work the biotransformation of its acetate by this fungus has led to the formation of βacetoxyentkaurenoic acid whose corresponding alcohol is a shortlived intermediate in the biosynthesis of GAs and secoring entkaurenoids in this fungus further biotransformation of this compound led to the hydroxylation of the βpositions to give βacetoxyβhydroxyentkaurenoic acid followed by a β or hydroxylation of this metabolite the incubation of epicandicandiol βmonoacetate βacetoxyhydroxyentkaurene produces also the hydroxylation to form the diol which is oxidized to give the corresponding c or c acids these results indicated that the presence of a βacetoxy group does not inhibit the fungal oxidation of c in βacetoxyentkaurene but avoids the ring brveillance and management of abalone tubercle mycosis in south africa | MEDAL |
AEP nerve fibers carry impulses from the cochlea to the cochlear nuclei there the temporal firing patterns of AEP nerve fibers are preserved by some cells and altered by others the two AF which govern how firing patterns are shaped are the intrinsic electrical properties of cells that determine the size and time course of voltage changes caused by synaptic currents and the synaptic circuitry between cells the electrical properties of cells were measured by recording the responses to current injected intracellularly into brain slice S9 the synaptic responses to electrical shocks of the auditory nerve were used to determine the PET properties of synaptic connections the three distinct types of electrical properties of cells that can be distinguished electrophysiologically in similar preparations of mature tissue bushy and stellate cells in the VCN j neurosci and cells in the DCN hirsch and oertel submitted oertel et al in functions of the AEP system editor s hassler j wiley and sons in press can be differentiated at least as early as DAB young cells however have higher input resistances and lower input capacitances than mature cells and they cannot sustain high firing rates bushy and stellate cells in the VCN respond to electrical stimulation of the AEP nerve with both excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials as early as days after birth the synaptic potentials occur with longer and more variable latencies than in mature cells and synapses fatigue more easily however cells of the dorsal cochlear nucleus also receive both excitatory and GABA synaptic inputs DAB upon stimulation of the auditory nerve no systematic changes were detected in these synaptic responses as a function of age but this may have been because the variability in the shape and timing of synaptic responses was C1 even in mature tissue | MEDAL |
psychotic patients treated with MZ doses of AP drugs have been shown to have great interindividual differences in their steady state plasma concentration therefore monitoring treatment by dosage adjustment CT is of little value if antipsychotic blood C2 can be related to clinical response then their routine measurement may well result in well defined guidelines to individualised optimal dosage despite the considerable effort expended in this field and the many interesting testable hypotheses generated little substantive evidence for an acceptable plasma level monitoring guide has been reported to date work on metabolite level profiles intra and extracellular drug concentration differences more detailed clinical rating scales and improved experimental design all show great promise for the future investigation of the pharmacokinetics and the elucidation of the often complex metabolic pathways of individual APDs are generating the data base required for the rational pharmacotherapy of these most severely ill patients until more data are available routine monitoring of antipsychotic drug plasma C2 remains of research interest | MEDAL |
vesicular secretion from single HUVE cells huvecs was monitored by changes in membrane capacitance cm secretion was evoked by dialysis with strongly buffered intracellular free ca concentrations cai flash photolysis of caloaded dmnitrophen or caged insp or by thrombin cai was monitored spectrofluorimetrically with furaptra the results show that a C1 slowly rising component of vesicular secretion requires prolonged exposure to high cai cm increased during intracellular perfusion with ca buffered in the range microm changes in cm comprised an initial slowly rising small component of pf followed by a faster rising larger component of up to approximately pf seen when cai microm and which was maximal at microm ca thrombin evoked rapid initial elevations of cai to a peak of microm mean se m n that declined within approximately s with thrombin present either to resting levels or to a maintained elevated level of microm mean sem range microm n transient cai rises were associated with small slowly rising increases in cm of pf that recovered to preapplication levels over min maintained elevations of cai caused larger fasterrising sustained increases in cm to pf mean sem n separate specific enzymelinked immunosorbent assay elisa showed that u ml thrombin produced secretion of von willebrand factor in huvec cultures shortlived cai elevations with a peak of microm and a duration of approximately s generated by flash photolysis of caged insp or dmnitrophen produced either no net change in cm or small slow increases of approximately pf at up to ff s that recovered to preflash C2 over min maintained elevations of cai in the range microm produced by flash photolysis of dmnitrophen caused C1 increases in cm up to approximately pf corresponding to approximately of the initial cell cm the maximum rate of change of cm was up to ff s at steady ca up to microm cm recovered towards preflash levels only when ca had declined | MEDAL |
the early accelerated RK growth following uninephrectomy unx occurs through alternate mechanisms in juvenile and AD male rats which may govern the type of renal growth that occurs T3 unx early compensatory renal growth crg in the AD male rat is gh dependent but independent of changes in the renal insulinlike growth factor i igfi system in contrast crg is gh independent in the juvenile male rat but is associated with significant increases in the renal igfi system and hyperplastic kidney growth the few studies that examined early crg in female animals suggest that remnant kidney growth is less than that observed in males and there is a hyperplastic component indicating potential gender differences whether these differences result from alternate growth mechanisms is unknown the purpose ofthe present T0 was to determine the rate type and potential mechanism of early RK growth in adult female rats after unx gh C2 were determined in conscious shamoperated and unx AD female WR h postsurgery unlike previous findings in adult male unx rats pulsatile gh levels were not elevated in unx female rats when gh release was suppressed using an antagonist to ghreleasing factor RK growth was not different from that in salineunx remnant kidneys vs respectively at h postunx this ghindependent crg was associated with significant hyperplastic growth in both adult andjuvenile female remnant kidneys as determined by bromodeoxyuridine incorporation and increases in total dna also associated with the mitogenic growth in the adult female were significant to fold increases in remnant kidney igfi receptor mRNA which occurred in the presence and absence of pulsatile gh secretion lastly the growth rate of adult female remnant kidneys was not different from that observed in male remnant kidneys at these early time points vs g at h and vs g at h in female and male remnant kidneys respectively p ns thus in female rats the initial phase of crg is gh independent but is associated with significant increases in remnant kidney igfi receptor gene expression and hyperplastic renal growth this in addition to previous findings indicates that there are sex differences in early crg T3 unx moreover the findings confirm that the mechanism governing the initial phase of crg appears to be a critical determinant for significant hyperplastic RK growth | MEDAL |
a hierarchical macromesoporous cezrbio solidsolution network has been synthesized on a large scale by means of a simple and GA polymerizationcarbonizationoxidation synthetic route the asprepared product has been characterized by sem xrd tem bet SA measurement uvvis diffusereflectance spectroscopy energydispersive xray spectroscopy eds and photoelectrochemistry measurements the photocatalytic activity of the product has been demonstrated through the photocatalytic degradation of MO structural characterization has indicated that the hierarchical macromesoporous solidsolution network not only contains numerous macropores but also possesses an interior mesoporous structure the mesopore size and bet surface area of the network have been measured as nm and m g respectively the hierarchical macromesoporous solidsolution network with open and accessible pores was found to be wellpreserved T3 calcination at degrees c indicating especially high thermal stability due to its high specific surface area the synergistic effect of the coupling of macropores and mesopores and its high crystallinity the cezrbio solidsolution material shows a strong structureinduced enhancement of visiblelight harvest and exhibits significantly improved visiblelight photocatalytic activity in the photodegradation of methyl orange compared with those of its other forms such as mesoporous hollow spheres and bulk particles | MEDAL |
cyanobenzyltransiodopropenyloxymethylpipe ridine has been synthesized as a novel iodinated ligand for sigma receptors this new compound exhibited high affinity ki nm for the sigma receptor and selectivity for sigma vs sigma receptors ki sigmasigma using in vitro receptor IB assays moderate affinity for muscarinic m ki nm and m ki nm receptors and low affinity ki nm for dopamine d receptors was also noted the lipophilicity of log p is moderate indicating that the ligand should readily cross the bloodbrain barrier the corresponding radioiodinated ligand i was synthesized from the AGA trans vinyl tributylstannane F0 under acidic conditions using oxidative iododestannylation methods hplc purification provided the radioligand in yields ranging between and eos n and with RCP and a TPS activity mbqmumol preliminary in vivo CSD and pharmacological blocking studies using i were performed in male australian albino WR i exhibited good BB uptake id at min pi with no significant loss of radioactivity from the brain over the course of the study h the gross regional BB CSD of the radioligand showed highest uptake in the posterior cortex and frontal SC with slightly lower uptake in other brain regions examined most of the uptake of radioactivity in the BB lung heart muscle and kidney was prevented by preadministration of EDC with affinity for sigma receptors indicating the in vivo specificity of the ligand in view of these results i shows promise for the in vivo tomographic DUE of sigma receptor densities | MEDAL |
the accumulation of hyaluronan ha and the habinding proteoglycan versican around smooth muscle cells in lesions of atherosclerosis suggests that together these molecules play an important role in the events of atherogenesis in this study we have examined the formation of ha and versicanrich pericellular matrices by human aortic smooth muscle cells in vitro using a particleexclusion assay and the role of the PCM in cell proliferation and migration the structural dependence of the pericellular matrix on ha can be demonstrated by the complete removal of the matrix with streptomyces hyaluronidase the presence of versican in the PCM was confirmed immunocytochemically by electron microscopy the cell coat was seen as a tangled network of hyaluronidasesensitive filaments decorated with ruthenium redpositive proteoglycan granules ninety percent of migrating cells in wounded cultures and virtually all mitotic cells displayed abundant ha and versicanrich coats timelapse video imaging revealed that ha and versicanrich pericellular matrix formation is dynamic and rapid and coordinated specifically with cell detachment and MI cell rounding ha OS which inhibit the binding of ha to the cell surface and prevent pericellular matrix formation significantly reduced proliferation and migration in response to plateletderived growth factor whereas larger ha fragments and high molecular weight ha had no effect treatment with ha OS also led to changes in cell shape from a typical fusiform morphology to a more spread and flattened appearance these data suggest that organization of ha and versicanrich pericellular matrices may facilitate migration and mitosis by diminishing cell surface adhesivity and affecting cell shape through steric exclusion and the viscous properties of ha proteoglycan gels | MEDAL |
we have examined the expression of acyl carrier protein acp mrna C2 and acp activity in leaves where fatty acids CF primarily in membrane synthesis and in developing soybean seeds where fatty acids are primarily used for oil storage an rna probe transcribed from a synthetic spinach acpi gene hybridized on northern blots to acp mrna from both seed and leaf tissue from soybean spinach and rapeseed in each species the acp transcript from leaf was slightly larger than that from seed both the amounts of acp protein and the levels of acp mrna were substantially higher in young leaf tissue of spinach and soybean when compared to mature leaf tissue lightgrown spinach leaves also contained higher acp activity and accumulated more acp mrna than darkgrown leaves acp mrna levels measured in developing soybean seeds peaked at days after flowering then decreased fold by DAF in each tissue the developmental changes in acp protein levels can be accounted for by changes in acp mrna abundance comparison of the relative prevalence of mrna and protein for acp and lectin in soybean seeds suggests a major difference in mrna translational efficiency andor protein stability for these two proteins | MEDAL |
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