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type diabetic patients develop severe AA complications because insulin treatment does not guarantee normoglycemia thus efficient regulation of glucose homeostasis is a L1 challenge in diabetes therapy skeletal muscle is the most important tissue for Rd after a meal however the lack of insulin during diabetes impairs glucose uptake to increase glucose removal from blood skeletal muscle of transgenic mice was engineered both to produce basal C2 of insulin and to express the CL enzyme glucokinase after streptozotozin stz administration of doubletransgenic mice a synergic action in skeletal muscle between the insulin produced and the increased glucose phosphorylation by glucokinase was established preventing hyperglycemia and metabolic alterations these findings suggested that insulin and glucokinase might be expressed in skeletal muscle using adenoassociated viral aav vectors as a new gene therapy RPA for diabetes aavinsgktreated diabetic mice restored and maintained normoglycemia in fed and fasted conditions for months T3 stz administration furthermore these mice showed normalization of metabolic parameters gl tolerance and food and fluid intake therefore the joint action of basal insulin production and glucokinase activity may generate a gl sensor in skeletal muscle that allows proper regulation of glycemia in diabetic animals and thus prevents secondary complications | MEDAL |
BB EPA epa levels are to fold lower than docosahexaenoic acid dha at least partly because epa is rapidly βoxidized and lost from BB phospholipids therefore we examined if βoxidation was necessary for maintaining low epa levels by inhibiting βoxidation with methyl palmoxirate mep furthermore because other metabolic differences between dha and epa may also contribute to their vastly different levels this T0 aimed to quantify the incorporation and turnover of dha and epa into BB phospholipids fifteenweekold rats were subjected to VH or mep prior to a min intravenous infusion of cpalmitate cdha or cepa mep reduced the radioactivity of BB AQ fractions for cpalmitate cepa and cdhainfused rats by and respectively while it increased the net rate of incorporation of plasma unesterified palmitate into choline glycerophospholipids and phosphatidylinositol and epa into ethanolamine glycerophospholipids and phosphatidylserine mep also increased the synthesis of n docosapentaenoic acid n dpa from epa moreover the recycling of epa into BB phospholipids was fold lower than dha therefore the low C2 of epa in the brain are maintained by multiple redundant pathways including βoxidation decreased incorporation from plasma free fa pool elongationdesaturation to n dpa and lower recycling within BB phospholipids | MEDAL |
although coastal marshes are net carbon sinks they are net methane sources aerobic methanotrophs in coastal marsh soils are important methane consumers but their activity and populations are poorly characterized dna stableisotope probing followed by sequencing was used to determine how active methanotrophic populations differed in the main habitats of a chinese coastal marsh these habitats included mudflat native plantdominated and alien plantdominated habitats methylococcaceae was the most AS methanotroph family across four habitats abundant methylotroph sequences including methanotrophs and nonmethaneoxidizing methylotrophs methylotenera and methylophaga constituted of the s rrna genes detected in the labeled native plantdominated and mudflat soils methylotrophs were less abundant in labeled alien plantdominated soil suggesting less methane assimilation into the target community or a different extent of carbon crossfeeding canonical correspondence analysis indicated a significant correlation between the AS bacterial communities and soil properties salinity organic carbon TN ph and AP importantly these results highlight how changing vegetation or soil features in coastal marshes may NC their resident AS methanotrophic populations which will further influence methane cycling | MEDAL |
the maintenance of an arterial elastins integrity is essential in the prevention of ABD aortic aneurysm aaa development so far the effect of intraluminal thrombus ilt thickness on the elastolytic activity within the aaa wall has not been studied in the present study the hypothesis that thin thrombus is associated with enhanced proteolytic activity within human aaa wall was investigated | MEDAL |
we present an evaluation of systematic effects associated with a continuously rotating ambienttemperature halfwave plate hwp based on two seasons of data from the atacama bmode search abs experiment located in the atacama desert of chile the abs experiment is a MW telescope sensitive at ghz here we present our infield evaluation of celestial cosmic microwave background cmb plus galactic foreground temperaturetopolarization leakage we decompose the leakage into scalar dipole and quadrupole leakage terms we report a scalar leakage of â¼ consistent with model expectations and an order of magnitude smaller than other cmb experiments have been reported no significant dipole or quadrupole terms are detected we constrain each to be confidence limited by statistical uncertainty in our measurement dipole and quadrupole leakage at this level lead to systematic error on r â² before any mitigation due to scan crossliderstanding of the molecular processes induced by these AF may allow us to develop personalized countermeasures to minimize risks to astronauts areas covered this review is a summary of literature searches from pubmed nasa roskosmos and the authors research experiences and opinions the review covers the available proteomic data on the effects of spaceflight AF on the human body including both real space missions and groundbased model experiments expert commentary overall the authors believe that the present BG methodology and equipment improvements will enhance spaceflight safety and support accumulation of new knowledge on how organisms adapt to extreme conditions | MEDAL |
in this study a comparative assessment was undertaken of nutritional factors that are likely to influence in vivo growth of the s and ptypes of necrotrophic root rot fungus heterobasidion annosum and of the damping off pathogen fusarium avenaceum respectively the results indicate that glucose and fructose but not cellobiose or sucrose supported growth of these fungi when used as sole carbon source particularly for ptypes and f avenaceum however the utilization of cellobiose and SU was considerably enhanced by several fold in the presence of ethanol in addition key plant cell wall phenolics ferulic acid caffeic acid pcoumaric acid at inhibited growth of the test fungi but this toxicity was reversed in the presence of exogenously added cell wall sugars gl fructose SU cellobiose except for the ptypes where sucrose addition was apparently slightly effective similarly ethanol whether alone or in combination with the phenolics was poorly utilized except for f avenaceum the importance of these results in understanding AF influencing growth and OD during pathogenesis of the necrotrophs on their conifer hosts is discussed | MEDAL |
eight dogs were prepared by implanting a left VVI pressure transducer aortic flow probe and Endo ultrasound crystals across the maximum transverse left VVI diameter in an unanesthetized state the dogs were evaluated at rest and with acute volume loading both before ischemic CA and sequentially and hours after T2 of arrest during normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass at a LVDd comparable to preoperative C2 LVSP HR rate and rate of rise of left ventricular pressure were not changed but at to hours there was a significant decrease in cardiac output p less than left ventricular stroke work p less than ejection fraction p less than maximum rate of systolic diameter shortening p less than and circumferential fiber shortening p less than they gradually returned to control C2 by hours postoperatively left VVI compliance as measured by left ventricular EDV pressure at a set EDD and by left ventricular diastolic pressurediameter was reduced at hours p less than and gradually returned to control values at hours thus reversible myocardial injury due to anoxia is associated with both decreased contractility and compliance with resultant depressed left VVI performance for to hours T3 injury | MEDAL |
high sympathetic tone and CAN can are associated with major adverse cardiac events mace we have shown ranolazine ran improves autonomic function ran was introduced to successive anginal cd patients rancd a control group of successive nonanginal cd patients norancd continued baseline therapy mean T0 duration was years which included semiannual autonomic function measures anx ansar medical technologies inc philadelphia pa and yearly MPS studies mpi mace were experienced by rancd patients versus norancd patients p the patients from both groups with abnormal parasympathetic and sympathetic ps measures and mace totaled of those patients with mace versus of those patients without mace p abnormal mpi was demonstrated in of those with abnormal ps measures and mace versus without mace sympathovagal balance sb was lower indicating higher relative parasympathetic tone known to be cardioprotective in the rancd group acute coronary syndromes occurred times as often in norancd patients high sb occur more frequently than abnormal mpi in cd patients experiencing mace in addition to increased MBF as its proposed mechanism of angina relief ran improves ps measures a potentially new mechanism whereby ran improves outcomes | MEDAL |
echinococcus multilocularis was identified in a coyote in IN in january subsequently wild canids red foxes gray foxes coyotes were collected from IN ohio illinois michigan and kentucky and examined for this parasite of thinnamic acid inhibits pyruvate PR provide additional support for the presence of a Pyr transporter the ATP analog and alkylating agent bromopyruvate inhibits completely both cell motility and Pyr PR surprisingly however it is a poor inhibitor of pyruvate transport per se rather its preferential site of action and that of IAA were identified by radiolabeling studies and microsequence analysis as glyceraldehydephosphate dehydrogenase in extending these studies bromopyruvate was found to be over times less ERP in inhibiting glyceraldehydephosphate dehydrogenase in IN erythrocytes than in trypanosomal cells however in sonicated S9 from both cell types the enzyme exhibits nearly identical sensitivities to inhibition by bromopyruvate experiments reported here provide the first direct evidence that pyruvate release in african trypanosomes is catalyzed by a specific transport system and implicate this transporter as a VH for delivering toxic alkylating agents into trypanosomal cells | MEDAL |
the effects of a new high vapour permeable polyether urethane peu wound covering on evaporative water loss ewl and epidermis regeneration in partialthickness wounds in guinea pigs were investigated and compared with an occlusive wound covering opsite and airexposed controls it was also assessed whether the ewl reflected the phases of epidermis regeneration in peucovered wounds the initially raised ewl of gmh decreased in four days to gmh the same level as in occluded wounds in control wounds this level was only reached T3 seven days reflecting slower epidermis regeneration the results showed that triphasic ewl behaviour corresponded to the CS of wound healing there was a constant raised ewl until epidermal resurfacing is CR a fast ewl decrease during parakeratotic keratinization and a gradual normalization of the ewl during maturation of the stratum corneum in wounds covered with opsite this phasic ewl behaviour did not occur owing to forced reduction because of the relatively impermeable covering it was concluded that the peu wound covering has an ideal water vapour permeance of gmh kpa as can be seen in the accelerated epidermis regeneration and fast ewl reduction in partial thickness wounds in guinea pigs | MEDAL |
a method is described enabling the direct measurement of vincristine resistance in intact tissues in vivo by morphological study using the metaphase arresting properties of the drug counts were made of escaping anaphase and telophase MF at a range of doses the proportion of postmetaphase mitotic figures is called the postmetaphase index pmi in primary intestinal tumours induced by dimethylhydrazine dmh in rats an increase in resistance to vincristine was shown over normal mucosa p less than the data were analysed by computer modelling and a linear relationship is demonstrated between the logit of the postmetaphase index and log dose of vincristine to achieve a pmi of the fitted lines show an enhanced vincristine dose requirement over NM of times in colonic tumours and times in small intestinal tumours nonneoplastic mucosa from the dmhtreated animals requires an enhanced dose of vincristine of times compared with normal mucosa to achieve a pmi of given current interest in the mechanism of vincristine resistance in cell lines this new approach provides a technique for assessing the resistance of solid tumours both in vivo and in vitro and for subsequent exp manipulation | MEDAL |
fragile xassociated tremorataxia syndrome fxtas which occurs in some premutation carriers of the FMR1 fmr gene is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by action tremor gait ataxia and impaired executive cognitive functioning | MEDAL |
the effect of different mixtures of o and co on pulsatile ocular blood flow as assessed by laserinterferometric measurement of fundus pulsations was studied this was done in an effort to identify the gas mixture with an optimal oco ratio for treatment in CE retinal i.a. occlusion crao in a doubleblind randomized placebocontrolled sixway crossover study healthy young subjects were studied FPA in the macula fpam and in the optic disc fpao arterialized capillary blood gases and systemic haemodynamics were measured during baseline and min inhalation periods of o mixtures of co with oxygen and air as placebo the fpam and fpao decreased at oxygen fpam p fpao p but dose dependently increased with addition of co whereas fpam was not different versus PL during inhalation of co with oxygen addition of co and co to oxygen significantly increased fpam versus placebo p and p respectively fpao was slightly decreased by addition of co to oxygen p versus placebo co neutralized oxygens effects on fpao and co o significantly increased fpao p versus PL inhalation of o co was not tolerated by subjects administration of and co with oxygen significantly increased MAP pressure we conclude that addition of co to oxygen is AGA to maintain or even increase pulsatile ocular blood flow in the macula and NVD at a level comparable to airbreathing addition of higher percentages of co further increases fundus pulsations with a very steep dose response relationship addition of co seems not applicable in patients due to pronounced systemic effects hence mixtures of or co with oxygen should be used for further studies in patients with central retinal i.a. occlusion crao | MEDAL |
benign PN sheath tumors are uncommon in the gastrointestinal tract and perineuriomas have not previously been reported to occur at this anatomic location in this T0 we analyzed the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of perineuriomas arising in the intestine eight patients were female and male median age years range years eight of the lesions were intramucosal perineuriomas presenting as small sessile polyps detected during colonoscopy of these patients were asymptomatic and undergoing colorectal cancer screening the remaining cases were submucosal masses one each located in the colon and jejunum of the mucosal polyps six were located in the rectosigmoid or sigmoid colon and one each was detected in the descending colon and transverse colon the polyps ranged from to cm median cm in greatest dimension the colonic and jejunal masses measured cm and cm respectively histologically the intramucosal perineuriomas were composed of uniform bland spindle cells having ovoid to elongated nuclei and pale indistinct cytoplasm with no cytologic atypia pleomorphism or mitotic activity the lesions had a fine collagenous stroma demonstrated irregular borders with the adjacent lamina propria and entrapped Tc crypts five cases exhibited hyperplastic changes in the adjacent or entrapped epithelium the Tc SM tumor was microscopically well circumscribed whereas the jejunal perineurioma showed focal infiltration through the muscularis propria into the subserosa the stroma was collagenous in the colonic RT and predominantly myxoid in the jejunal RT the spindle cells in the submucosal perineuriomas demonstrated tapered nuclei and elongated BP cytoplasmic processes all PT except one were positive for epithelial membrane antigen ema of expressed claudin and of expressed cd all PT were negative for s protein glial fibrillary Pa NF-M protein smooth SMA desmin caldesmon kit and pankeratin electron microscopy was performed on the tumor lacking ema expression revealing typical features of perineurioma namely spindle cells with long BP cytoplasmic processes and prominent pinocytotic LDV surrounded by discontinuous basal lamina clinical followup was available for patients median months range months no tumor recurred in summary perineuriomas may arise in the intestine most often as intramucosal lesions detected as colorectal polyps with distinctive histologic features including entrapment of colonic crypts distinguishing perineuriomas from other spindle cell neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract can be facilitated by immunostaining for ema and claudin | MEDAL |
the identification of normotensive patients with APE pe at high risk of adverse perelated clinical events ie intermediaterisk group is a major challenge we combined individual patient data from six studies involving normotensive patients with pe we developed a prognostic MM for intermediaterisk pe based on the clinical presentation and the assessment of RVD and myocardial injury we used a composite of perelated death haemodynamic collapse or recurrent pe within days of followup as the main outcome measure the primary outcome occurred in patients predictors of complications included systolic blood pressure mmhg adjusted odds ratio aor ci HR rate ⥠bpm aor ci elevated cardiac troponin aor ci and right ventricular dysfunction aor ci we used these variables to construct a multidimensional sevenpoint risk index the odds ratio for complications per onepoint increase in the score was ci p the MM identified three stages i ii and iii with day perelated complication rates of and respectively in conclusion a simple MGS may assist clinicians in identifying intermediaterisk pe | MEDAL |
the purpose of this T0 is to explore the feasibility and superiority of using rapid expansion of SC solution ress technology in the field of traditional chinese medicine the extract of magnolia bark emb was obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide scfco extraction technology microparticles of emb were manufactured by ress technology the effects of operating temperature and pressure on the contents of the AS ingredient in the particles were evaluated by hplc the effect of expansion conditions on the particle size distribution of emb particles was investigated the smallest sample mean size microm was obtained under the ress condition pressure of mpa temperature of degrees c and a nozzle size of microm the characteristics of microparticles were also studied by differential scanning calorimetry dsc SEM microscopy sem and image analysis the dissolution rate T0 showed that microparticles had a significantly faster dissolution rate than normal material particles after oral raw emb suspension the mean Az under the plasma concentrationtime curves auct of honokiol and magnolol were found to be and mg x h x l respectively which were increased significantly ie and mg x h x l when micronized emb suspension was po orally in sd rats p similarly the mean maximum PC of honokiol and magnolol increased from and mg x l raw emb to and mg x l micronized emb respectively the results of ttest demonstrated that auct and cmax value for honokiol and magnolol was significantly increased with the micronization compared to raw ebm p this T0 demonstrated that the ress was applicable for preparing microparticles of emb at low operating temperature the process was simple free of environment pollution and without residual solvent | MEDAL |
dentistry is characterized by a meaningful but also stressful psychosocial working environment job satisfaction varies among staff working under different organizational forms the aim of this study was to identify i to what extent crucial psychosocial work environment characteristics differ among occupations in general pubg each tissue was submitted to microbiological culture three times ie upon retrieval time after the first decontamination time and after the second decontamination time the contamination rate for musculoskeletal tissues was and at time and respectively the contamination rate for cardiovascular tissues was and more than one strain was simultaneously present in of MSK tissues and of cardiovascular tissues out of nonheartbeating donor musculoskeletal tissues and were contaminated at time time and time respectively out of HBD musculoskeletal tissues and tissues were found to be contaminated at time and respectively out of nonheart beating donor cardiovascular tissues and proved positive at time and respectively while and heartbeating donor cardiovascular tissues were contaminated at time and no tissue was contaminated at time based on our methods the twostep decontamination RPA is mandatory in order to drastically reduce the number of tissues found to be positive at the end of the process | MEDAL |
to license a therapy for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis pharmacological agents must show ability to reduce the incidence of morphometric vertebral fractures versus placebo over a year study period in europe recent registration guidelines require evidence of reduction of vertebral and nonvertebral fracture incidence over a minimum of years compared with PL there is much interest in the prevention of nonvertebral fractures while morphometric vertebral fractures are assessed and statistically powered as the registration primary endpoint in clinical trials nonvertebral fractures are often measured as AA endpoints or captured as adverse events which have selection biases in data capturing | MEDAL |
a case of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in a yearold boy is reported in addition to asymmetric lesions in the parietotemporal lobes RA thalamus and GP symmetric patterns were notable in the BB stem middle cerebellar pedincles and dentate nuclei proton mr spectroscopy revealed markedly decreased nacetylaspartate peaks and normal choline and Ins C2 in the lesions diffusion mr imaging revealed an elevated DWI pattern manifested with high apparent diffusion coefficient values x mms compared with those in normalappearing brain tissue x mms and subtle high signal intensity characteristics on diffusionweighted images obtained at b smm | MEDAL |
acute suppurative thyroiditis is a rare disease because the thyroid gland is remarkably resistant to infection we present a yearold girl with refractory AST due to a pyriform sinus fistula psf she complained of fever and painful anterior neck swelling her condition did not completely improved by multiple parenteral antibiotics along with incision and drainage barium esophagogram to detect psf demonstrated no specific finding computed tomography scan showed air bubble superior to the left TG which indicated a possible fistula connected to the pyriform sinus an intraoperative laryngoscopy revealed a mmsized fistula opening the fistula was successfully treated by chemocauterization with trichloroacetic acid | MEDAL |
structurebased models to understand the transport of small molecules through biological membrane can be developed by enumerating intermolecular interactions of the small molecule with a biological membrane usually a DMPC dmpc monolayer this adme absorption distribution metabolism and excretion property based on madindarby canine kidney mdck cell L1 demonstrates intestinal drug absorption of small molecules and correlated to human intestinal absorption which acts as a determining factor to forecast smallmolecule prioritization in drugdiscovery projects we present here the OD of mdckpred webtool which calculates mdck permeability coefficient of small molecule based on the regression model developed using membraneinteraction chemical features the webtool allows users to calculate the mdck permeability coefficient nms instantly by providing simple descriptor inputs the chemicalinteraction features are derived from different parts of the dmpc molecule viz head middle and tail regions and accounts overall intermolecular contacts of the small molecule when passively diffused through the phospholipidrich biological membrane the mdckpred model is both internally r | MEDAL |
tissuetype plasminogen activator tpaplasmin system is generally believed to play an important role in follicle wall degradation upon ovulation for examination of the proteolytic activation of tpa within the F2 HP kallikrein hpk was purified from preovulatory follicular fluid obtained from women hyperstimulated by gnrhahmghcg in in vitro fertilization procedures T3 ammonium sulfate fractionation three enzyme fractions were isolated in the deaecellulose ionic exchange column chromatography each fraction was further purified by various column chromatographies using cmcellulose benzamidinesepharose b heparincellulofine and sephacryl s enzymatic substrate specificity susceptibility to various proteinase inhibitors electrophoretic and immunological characterization of the enzymes revealed that they were hpk in free form mr in complex with alpha macroglobulin mr and a newlyfound isoform of ppk mr each fraction was capable to convert human singlechain tpa sctpa to its active twochain form the present data also demonstrates that the activation of tpa by the AMG fraction is due to the action of a bound proteinase distinct from hpk indicating the presence of an additional tpa activator these proteinases are presumably involved in triggering of the tpaplasmin system by activating tpa upon ovulation | MEDAL |
clopidogrel resistancecris found in noncardioembolic ischemic stroke ncis patients however it is still largely unknown how to identify cr in ncis patients by laboratory and genetic characteristics | MEDAL |
the first and perhaps most important phase of a surgical procedure is the insertion of an intravenous iv catheter currently this is performed manually by TR personnel in some visions of future operating rooms however this process is to be replaced by an automated system experiments to determine the best nir wavelengths to optimize vein contrast for physiological differences such as skin tone andor the presence of hair on the arm or wrist surface are presented for illumination our system is composed of a mercury arc lamp coupled to a nm bandpass spectrometer a structured lighting system is also coupled to our multispectral system in order to provide d information of the patient arm orientation images of each patient arm are captured under every possible combinations of illuminants and the optimal combination of wavelengths for a given subject to maximize vein contrast using linear discriminant analysis is determined | MEDAL |
many components of the immune system exhibit NC T3 prolonged heavy exertion indicating that the IS is suppressed and stressed albeit transiently following prolonged endurance exercise whether these immune changes compromise host protection against viruses is still undetermined various attempts have been made to alter the changes in immunity following heavy exertion through nutritional or chemical means with the most impressive results reported thus far in the carbohydrate supplementation studies earlier research had established that a reduction in blood glucose C2 is linked to hypothalamicpituitaryadrenal activation an increased PR of adrenocorticotrophic hormone and cortisol increased plasma growth hormone decreased insulin and a VL effect on blood epinephrine levels data from two studies of marathon runners and triathletes suggest that carbohydrate compared to PL ingestion is associated with higher plasma gl levels an att cortisol and growth hormone response fewer perturbations in blood immune cell counts lower granulocyte and mo phagocytosis and oxidative burst activity and a diminished pro and antiinflammatory cytokine response overall the hormonal and immune responses to carbohydrate compared to PL ingestion suggest that physiologic stress is diminished although clinical significance awaits further research | MEDAL |
myasthenia gravis mg is a common chronic disorder of NM transmission frequently treated surgically little is known about perioperative cellular immune responses following videoassisted thoracoscopic surgery vats when compared with open resection | MEDAL |
pancreaticobiliary maljunction pbm patients have a high incidence of cancer in the gallbladder in the present T0 we showed that precancerous lesions in the gallbladder of pbm such as hyperplasia or metaplasia indicated high concentration of the amount of total mrna the mrna content could be easily measured by our new technique utilizing a geneplate which is a poly dt oligonucleotide immobilized plastic plate and yoyo a fluorescent dna intercalator to standardize the mrna contents we utilized mrna index which was defined as the ratio of total mrna contents to total nucleic acids in a same sample the mrna index of the proliferating cells was significantly higher than that of the resting cells and the mrna index of cancer cells such as gastric cancer CC bile duct CA and gallbladder CA also showed significantly higher concentration than that of normal mucosa in the study of precancerous lesion pbm the mrna index was significantly higher than that of mild cholecystitis but less than that of GBC suggesting that in the gallbladder mucosa of pbm a precancerous state was able to be diagnosed by the mrna index | MEDAL |
thirty men and thirty women the first half of them years old and the other half years old were exposed successively for min to four different noises at the same continuous equivalent level laeq db auditory brainstem evoked potentials were recorded before and after SE to each noise no difference was found between these noises as to their effects upon evoked potentials after exposure to noise a significant lengthening of l l and l latencies was observed in men no significant lengthening was observed in women although a lengthening of latencies was present in a majority of them the three latencies l and l latencies in particular were found significantly longer in men than in women l and l latencies were significantly more lengthened by noise in men than in women in both sexes l latencies were found significantly longer in older subjects the same was true of l latencies in male subjects noise did not significantly modify intervals between peaks iv interval was found significantly longer in older male and female subjects the same was true of iiii intervals in men | MEDAL |
adiponectin adn is an adipokine possessing growth inhibitory activities against various types of CA cells our previous results demonstrated that adn could impede wntbetacateninsignaling pathways in mdamb human breast carcinoma cells wangy et al adiponectin modulates the GSK betabetacatenin signaling pathway and attenuates mammary tumorigenesis of mdamb cells in nude mice cancer res here we extended our studies to elucidate the effects of adn on regulating the expressions of wnt inhibitory factor wif a wnt antagonist frequently silenced in human breast tumors our results showed that adn time dependently stimulated wif gene and protein expressions in mdamb cells overexpression of wif exerted similar GABA effects to those of adn on cell proliferations nuclear betacatenin MICs cyclin d expressions and seruminduced phosphorylations of akt and GSK beta blockage of wif MICs significantly att the suppressive effects of adn on mdamb cell growth furthermore our in vivo studies showed that both supplementation of recombinant adn and adenovirusmediated overexpression of this adipokine substantially enhanced wif expressions in mdamb tumors implanted in nude mice more interestingly we found that adn could alleviate methylation of cpg islands located within the PT promoter region of wif possibly involving the specificity protein sp transcription factor and its downstream target dna methyltransferase dnmt upon adn treatment the protein C2 of both sp and dnmt were significantly decreased using silencing rna approaches we confirmed that downregulation of sp resulted in an increased expression of wif and decreased methylation of wif promoter taken together these data suggest that adn might elicit its antitumor activities at least partially through promoting wif expressions | MEDAL |
aromatic organoarsenicals such as parsanilic acid pasa are still used today as feed additives in the poultry and swine industries in developing countries through the application of contaminated litter as a fertilizer these EDC enter the environment and interact with reactive soil components such as iron and aluminum oxides little is known about these surface interactions at the molecular level we report density functional theory dft calculations on the energies optimal geometries and vibrational frequencies for hydrated pasairon oxide complexes as well as changes in gibbs free SE enthalpy and entropy for various types of ligand exchange reactions leading to both inner and outersphere complexes similar calculations using arsenate are also shown for comparison along with activation barriers and transition state geometries between innersphere complexes minimum SE calculations show that the formation of inner and outersphere pasairon oxide complexes is thermodynamically favorable with the monodentate mononuclear complexes being the most favorable interatomic asfe distances are calculated to be between and å for innersphere complexes and between and å for outersphere complexes in addition TS calculations show that E(a) greater than kjmol are required to form the bidentate binuclear pasairon oxide complexes and that formation of arsenate bidentate binuclear complexes is thermodynamically rather than kinetically driven desorption thermodynamics using phosphate ions show that reactions are most favorable using hpo species the significance of our results for the overall surface complexation mechanism of pasa and arsenate is discussed | MEDAL |
a number of amino acids differ between aldosterone synthase and betahydroxylase to assess their importance in determining the different functional specificities we substituted aldosterone synthasespecific AST d isoleucine i glutamine q and threonine t with betahydroxylasespecific amino acids glutamate e threonine t arginine r and methionine m respectively it qr and tm had no effect on steroid production compared to wildtype aldosterone synthase however cypbde caused a significant increase in corticosterone production and a smaller increase in aldosterone production from deoxycorticosterone doc this appeared to be predominantly due to an increase in the betahydroxylation of doc to corticosterone mediated by a decrease in km which was micromoll for the mutant compared with micromoll for the wildtype enzyme cypbde had no effect on the conversion of deoxycortisol to cortisol the reverse construct cypbed substituting the betahydroxylase residue with the aldosterone synthase equivalent decreased the conversion of doc to corticosterone which was mediated by an increase in km that was micromoll for the mutant compared with micromoll for the wildtype enzyme again the conversion of deoxycortisol to cortisol was unimpaired thus CAA is involved in the transformation of the deoxysubstrate but not the alphahydroxysubstrate the results demonstrate that a conservative change in amino acid even at some linear distance from known active centers can significantly affect enzyme ATP affinity and subsequent steroid hormone production | MEDAL |
interferon ifn production during A-NK nk cell assays with raji an ebvcarrying human lymphomaderived cell L1 was studied to determine whether ifn generated by effectors in vitro acted in target cell lysis in hr tests raji is insensitive to nk but becomes susceptible after superinfection with the phr CS of ebv ifn was not detectable by bioassay in S9 from hr assays and the addition of antibody to ifn did not prevent the lysis of the superinfected raji cells in hr tests the nk sensitivity of the superinfected raji cells was markedly elevated and a percent of the normal raji cells was also killed ifn alpha was found in supernatants from hr tests antibody to ifn alpha markedly reduced the killing of superinfected raji and slightly reduced cytotoxicity against control raji in hr tests taken together these results indicate that what is referred to as natural killing has ifnrelated and ifnnonrelated components | MEDAL |
this T0 explores and describes the value of community health nursing from the perspective of community health nurses the phenomenological method as defined by colaizzi guided this exploration eleven community health nurses from the health department of a large urban center were interviewed for the T0 the data revealed five L1 themes the value of activities in community health nursing the value of the purposes of CHN the value of prerequisites for CHN the value of the visibility of CHN and the value of community health nursing as the way to the future in health care the findings of this study are particularly important in CS of recent government interest in community health however if community health nurses are to capitalize upon this window of opportunity they must clearly and forcefully articulate and make visible their value further research particularly from a qualitative perspectives could help to advance this field of practice research that articulates the value of community health nursing in various settings and from the perspectives of various nurses clients and colleagues could also clarify and promote the collective and individual value of community health nursing | MEDAL |
this study was designed to determine whether a HS would alter endothelial function and if so the relative contributions of endotheliumderived hyperpolarizing factor edhf and nitric oxide no to any changes in vasomotor responses male dahl SBH ds rats were given either a HS nacl dsh or a lowsalt diet nacl dsl for weeks membrane potentials and contractile responses were recorded from the isolated superior mesenteric arteries T3 salt loading dsh developed hypertension while dsl remained normotensive no difference was found in acetylcholine achinduced endotheliumdependent relaxation between the CG however T3 treatment with indomethacin and no synthase inhibitor edhflike relaxation was significantly greater in dsh than in dsl in contrast nomediated EC50 was significantly smaller in dshthan in dsl iberiotoxin ibtx a TPS blocker of largeconductance calciumdependent potassium bkca channels attenuated edhflike EC50 in dsh but not in dsl ibtx marginally inhibited edhfmediated hyperpolarization only in dsh endotheliumindependent EC50 in response to sodium nitroprusside or levcromakalim was similar in both groups in conclusion edhflike EC50 is upregulated through the activation of bkca channels in the MES arteries of dsh as the overall EC50 in response to ach did not differ between the groups the upregulation of edhf appears to compensate for the loss of no in the MES arteries of dsh | MEDAL |
the L1 dna photoproduct in uvirradiated Bs spores is the thymine dimer named spore photoproduct sp alphathyminyldihydrothymine the sp lesion has been found to be efficiently repaired by sp lyase spl a very TPS enzyme that reverses the sp to two intact thymines at the origin of the great resistance of the spores to uv irradiation spl belongs to a superfamily of fes ironsulfur enzymes called radicalsam here we show that the single substitution of cysteine into alanine a residue fully conserved in bacillus species and previously shown to be essential for spore dna repair in vivo has a major impact on the outcome of the spldependent repair reaction in vitro indeed the modified enzyme catalyzes the almost quantitative conversion of the sp lesion into one thymine and one thymine sulfinic acid derivative this compound results from the trapping of the allyltype radical intermediate by dithionite used as reducing agent in the reaction mixture implications of the data reported here regarding the repair mechanism and the role of cys are discussed | MEDAL |
intrauterine growth restriction increases the risk of perinatal complications and predisposes the infant to diabetes and cardiovascular disease in later life mechanisms by which maternal nutrient restriction mnr reduces fetal growth are poorly understood we hypothesized that mnr decreases placental amino acid aa transporter activity leading to reduced transplacental transfer of aas Pr baboons were fed either a control AL n or mnr diet of control diet n from gestational day gd at gd gestation placentas n in each group were collected and microvillous BPM LDV mvm isolated mvm system a and system l aa transport was determined in vitro using radiolabeled substrates and rapid filtration techniques in vivo transplacental aa transport was assessed by infusing nine c or hlabeled EAA as a bolus into the maternal circulation n control n mnr at cesarean section a fetal veintomaternal artery mole percent excess ratio for each essential aa was calculated fetal and placental weights were significantly reduced in the mnr group compared with controls p the activity of system a and system l was markedly reduced by and respectively in mvm isolated from baboon placentas at gd following mnr p in vivo the fetal veintomaternal i.a. mole percent excess ratio was significantly reduced for leucine isoleucine Met phenylalanine threonine and tryptophan in mnr baboons p this is the first study to investigate placental aa transport in a nonhuman primate model of mnr we demonstrate that the downregulation of system a and system l activity in ST mvm in mnr leads to decreased transplacental aa transport and consequently reduced circulating fetal aa concentrations a potential mechanism linking maternal undernutrition to reduced fetal growth | MEDAL |
the purpose of this T0 is to determine the outcome and infectionrelated events in neonates with transient tachypnea of the newborn ttn managed with an antibiotic initiation strategy an ambispective cohort study was carried out to compare two different antibiotic strategies in of ttn patients the first strategy is based on clinical risk evaluation in which antibiotics are initiated according to clinical signs while the other is a combined strategy that integrates information regarding clinical signs perinatal risk AF and labbased surveillance of infectious indicators the antibiotic use in the combined strategy group n was lower than that of the control group n vs p outcomes including total duration of antibiotic therapy ± vs ± days p mortality vs length of hospital stay ± vs ± days p and hospital readmission vs p did not differ nor did infectionrelated events such as nosocomial infection vs p infectious pneumonia vs p septicemia vs p and necrotizing enterocolitis vs | MEDAL |
the effect of amiloride on cell membrane potentials and intracellular na activity nai was tested in early distal tubules of the isolated perfused kidney of control and of kadapted highk diet amphiuma conventional and nasensitive liquid ionexchanger microelectrodes were employed to measure the peritubular PD pdpt the transepithelial potential difference pdte and the na electrochemical gradient across the peritubular cell membrane enapt in the absence and the presence of amiloride x mol x in both CG of animals amiloride did not affect pdpt and enapt in control animals but depolarized pdpt and enapt by about mv in kadapted animals nai mmol x in ED cells of control animals did not change significantly by this maneuver however nai decreased to extremely low values mmol x when the luminal cotransport system for na cl and k was inhibited by the luminal application of furosemide x moll and when the luminal cell membrane was exposed simultaneously to amiloride the amilorideinduced effects on pdpt enapt and nai occurred within seconds and were fully reversible we conclude that highk diet k adaptation induces an amiloridesensitive pathway in the luminal cell membrane of ED cells of amphiuma which exists in parallel with the FS cotransport system located in this cell barrier the results suggest a luminal amiloridesensitive nah exchange mechanism which regulates the luminal PK | MEDAL |
rabies claims about human lives and many hundreds of thousands of livestock every year worldwide despite a heavy disease burden laboratory facilities to diagnose the infection remain scarce in most countries of the developing world where the disease is endemic rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test rffit and FL antibody virus NT test favn are the common tests done in the rabies diagnostic laboratories to detect and quantitate rabies virus neutralizing antibodies rvna rffit is most often employed in confirming seroconversion following prophylactic vaccination and to aid antemortem diagnosis in suspected cases of rabies though this remains one of the most soughtafter diagnostic services in rabies laboratories the requirements for expensive antirabies fluorochrome antibody conjugate and a FL TSM restrict its performance to only a few REF laboratories costeffective laboratory diagnostic methods employing affordable technology are a need of the hour in the rabiesendemic countries in this T0 we have developed a new immunohistochemistrybased neutralization test and extensively evaluated it along with rffit one hundred and human serum samples collected after PE vaccination were subjected to both the tests for determining rvna titers the results obtained with the new test correlated significantly with those of rffit further validation of the inter and intra assay precision lower limit of quantification lloq and specificity was also performed the best rho between the methods however was observed only when the rvna concentrations in the samples were iuml overall the immunohistrochemistrybased NT test yielded satisfactory results we suggest that it might serve as a costeffective alternative to rffit in lowresource settings in the developing countries | MEDAL |
to evaluate the effectiveness of doxazosin on the rate of spontaneous passage of distal ureteral stones in female patients | MEDAL |
the potent hydroxytryptamine ht uptake inhibitor fg paroxetine inn was po to Rh monkeys in doses of or mgkg by oral gavage once daily for weeks blood samples for analysis of ht in whole blood and paroxetine in plasma were taken prior to and after and weeks of treatment the lowest dose mgkg caused depletion of ht in whole blood with a level of paroxetine in plasma below ngml doses of mgkg produced an deps c proteinase inhibitors Al and lysozyme in C2 mucus which is known to be most receptive to sperm penetration at this time although the R2 of CM values is considerable during the early proliferative and the luteal phases the midcycle values appear to be constantly low showing slight differences among the profiles of the different parameters the statistical evaluation and the assessment of the significance of parameters for ovulation detection and the assessment of the fertile period as well as the correlation of these parameters with basal body temperature will be the subject of the second communication of this series | MEDAL |
jaundice in graves diseases is uncommon but when it does occur complication of thyrotoxicosis heart failureinfection or intrinsic MLD should be considered GD can cause asymptomatic elevation of liver enzymes jaundice and rarely acute liver failure it is associated with other AD like autoimmune SH or PBC the cause of jaundice in graves disease is multifactorial | MEDAL |
a case of microscopic polyangiitis mpa with pachymeningitis is described the patient had renal skin GB and peripheral NS involvement simultaneously with pachymeningitis necrotizing glomerulonephritis with crescent formation and necrotizing small vessel vasculitis in the kidney and skin were confirmed by biopsy a highly elevated titer of ANCA for myeloperoxidase mpoanca was observed all of the clinical and laboratory abnormalities improved with highdose pulse and conventional steroid therapy the literature on CE nervous system involvement in mpa and perinuclearanca pancarelated vasculitis is reviewed this case serves to emphasize that pachymeningitis can occur as one of the features of mpa | MEDAL |
induction of anaesthesia occasionally has been associated with undesirable behaviour in dogs high quality of induction of anaesthesia with propofol has been well described while in contrast variable induction and recovery SQ has been associated with diazepamketamine in this study anaesthetic induction and recovery characteristics of diazepamketamine combination with propofol alone were compared in dogs undergoing elective orchidectomy thirtysix healthy AD male dogs were used T3 habitus scoring simple descriptive scale sds the dogs were sedated with morphine and acepromazine forty minutes later a premedication score sds was allocated and GA was induced using a combination of diazepamketamine group dk or propofol group p and maintained with ISO scores for the quality of induction intubation and degree of myoclonus were allocated sds orchidectomy was performed after which REC from anaesthesia was scored sds and times to extubation and standing were recorded data were analysed using descriptive statistics and kappa reliability and kendall tau b tests both groups were associated with acceptable SQ of induction and REC from anaesthesia group p however was associated with a poorer SQ of induction p prolonged induction period p and more pronounced myoclonus p but had better SQ of recovery p and shorter recovery times p compared with group dk diazepamketamine and propood flow were randomly divided into four groups fourgroup according to different interventions resuscitation in room temperature resuscitation with ml saline in RT resuscitation with °c ml saline and normal control with no MI of resuscitation each group was further observed in four CG according to different time of resuscitation after ventricular arrhythmias minute reperfusion T3 ventricular arrhythmias plasma and random urine were collected to evaluate renal CF and test renal biomarkers of acute kidney injury aki our swine ami model of ischemiareperfusion provoked subclinical aki with the elevation of the tubular damage biomarker ngal il and lfabp renal damage rapidly observed T3 hemodynamic instability rather than observation T3 several hours as previously reported the increasing rate of biological markers declined T3 interventions however its impact on the LT prognosis remains to be further studied these data show that elevation of tubular damage biomarkers without glomerular function loss may indicate AGA timing for effective renoprotections like HT resuscitation in type crs | MEDAL |
although brain rhythms depend on brain structure eg gray and WG matter to our knowledge associations between brain oscillations and structure have not been investigated in healthy controls hc or in individuals with schizophrenia sz observing functionstructure relationships for example establishing an association between BB oscillations defined in terms of amplitude or phase and cortical gray matter might inform models on the origins of psychosis given evidence of functional and structural abnormalities in primarysecondary AEP regions in sz the present T0 examined how STG stg structure relates to AEP stg lowfrequency and hz steadystate activity given changes in brain activity as a CF of age agerelated associations in stg oscillatory activity were also examined | MEDAL |
multiple sclerosis ms is a common inflammatory disease of the CNS system unsurpassed for R2 in disease outcome a cohort of sporadic ms cases n taken from opposite extremes of the distribution of LT outcome was used to determine the role of the hladrb locus on ms disease severity genotyping sets of benign and malignant ms patients showed that hladrb was significantly underrepresented in malignant compared with benign cases this allele appears to attenuate the progressive disability that characterizes ms in the long term the observation was doubly replicated in i sardinian benign and malignant patients and ii a cohort of affected sibling pairs discordant for hladrb among the latter mean disability progression indices were significantly lower in those carrying the hladrb S2 compared with their diseaseconcordant siblings who did not the findings were additionally supported by similar transmission distortion of hladrb subtypes closely related to hladrb the protective effect of hladrb in sibling pairs may result from a specific epistatic interaction with the susceptibility S2 hladrb a highdensity snp examination of the mhc region in the benign and malignant patients could not identify variants differing significantly between the two CG suggesting that hladrb may itself be the diseasemodifying locus we conclude that hladrb previously implicated in disease resistance acts as an independent modifier of PD these results closely link susceptibility to longterm outcome in ms suggesting that shared quantitative mhcbased mechanisms are common to both emphasizing the CE role of this region in pathogenesis | MEDAL |
plasmidencoded virulence AF are important in the pathogenesis of diseases caused by sporeforming bacteria unlike many other bacteria the most common virulence factors encoded by plasmids in clostridium and bacillus species are protein toxins clostridium perfringens causes several histotoxic and enterotoxin diseases in both humans and animals and produces a broad range of toxins including many poreforming toxins such as c perfringens enterotoxin epsilontoxin betatoxin and netb genetic studies have led to the determination of the role of these toxins in disease pathogenesis the genes for these toxins are generally carried on C1 conjugative plasmids that have common core replication maintenance and conjugation regions there is considerable functional information available about the unique tcp conjugation locus carried by these plasmidf devices have been investigated in order to maintain best gainabsorption ratios | MEDAL |
mice lacking itk a tcellspecific protein tyrosine kinase have reduced numbers of t cells and reduced responses to allogeneic major H-2 molecules this study analyzed antiviral immune responses in mice deficient for itk primary cytotoxic tlymphocyte ctl responses were analyzed after infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus lcmv vaccinia virus vv and vesicular stomatitis virus vsv ex vivo ctl activity was consistently reduced by a factor of two to six for the different viruses ctl responses after restimulation in vitro were similarly reduced unless exogenous cytokines were added in the presence of interleukin or concanavalin a supernatant itkdeficient and control mice responded similarly interestingly while lcmv was CR eliminated by day in both itkdeficient and control mice vv cleared from itk mice with delayed kinetics antibody responses were evaluated T3 vsv infection both the tcellindependent neutralizing immunoglobulin m igm and the tcelldependent igg responses were similar in itkdeficient and control mice taken together the results show that ctl responses are reduced in the absence of itk whereas antiviral bcell responses are not affected | MEDAL |
the objective of this study was to identify factors that may account for the disproportionately high prevalence of suicidal behaviors among hispaniclatina youth by examining whether associations of health risk behaviors with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts vary by raceethnicity among female students data from the schoolbased national youth risk SMB survey were analyzed analyses were conducted among female students in grades through and included risk behaviors related to unintentional injuries and violence tobacco use AOD use sexual behaviors that contribute to unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections including HIV virus physical activity obesity and weight control and perceived health status with the exception of physical activity behaviors and obesity all risk behaviors examined were associated with SI and suicide attempts associations of riween these lineages in the reg fin this result shows that the same as in growth lineages retain fate restriction when passed through the regeneration blastema | MEDAL |
the realtime uptake of serotonin a neurotransmitter by rat leukemia mast cell L1 rblh and hydroxytryptophan by chinese hamster v cells has been studied by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy flim monitoring ultraviolet nm fluorescence induced by twophoton subpicosecond nm excitation comparison with TPE with nm photons or by threephoton excitation at nm shows that the use of nm excitation provides optimal signal intensity and lowered BG from autofluorescence of other cellular components in IN cells we observe using flim three distinct fluorescence lifetimes of serotonin and hydroxytryptophan according to location the normal fluorescence lifetimes of both serotonin ns and hydroxytryptophan ns in solution are reduced to approximately ns immediately on uptake into the cell cytosol the lifetime of internalized serotonin in rblh cells is further reduced to approximately ns when stored within sec vesicles | MEDAL |
isolated nuclei from rat ascites hepatoma cells were treated with detergent joy and chromatin protruded from the nucleus was observed with an electron TSM it was demonstrated that most but not all of the protruded chromatin SF had a loop structure the protrusion of chromatin from the nucleus was microns in average length a high magnification view showed that the protruded chromatin consisted mainly of beaded nucleosomal fiber therefore the chromatin loop size at the level of nucleosomal fiber was estimated to be at least microns in length | MEDAL |
diverticular disease is rare in the adolescent acute diverticulitis is almost never considered as a diagnosis for a young patient presenting with ABD pain unfortunately unrecognized it may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality also when present diverticulitis in the young AD is considered to be more aggressive compared to diverticulitis in older adults therefore it is important to recognize diagnose and manage diverticular disease appropriately in this age group in tis chapter we will review the available literature on diverticula disease in the adolescent and young adult discuss epidemiology aetiology and pathogenesis and suggest guidelines for diagnosis and management | MEDAL |
we set out to establish a simple reproducible rat in vitro model of erectile function and to use this to demonstrate the PET importance of both neuronal and endothelialderived nitric oxide within this animal two corpora cavernosal smooth muscle strips were harvested from sexually mature male WR and mounted in an organ bath for measurement of ISO tension following contraction with noradrenaline the strips were relaxed by the addition of either acetylcholine or sodium nitroprusside EFS was performed in the presence of atropine and guanethidine relaxation responses were repeated in the presence of methylene blue larginine lnna and haemoglobin larginine methylene blue abolishes the EC50 to acetylcholine and efs lnna and haemoglobin cause a significant impairment in the EC50 response larginine reverses the effect of haemoglobin in conclusion the inhibitory relaxant CS- of rat corpora cavernosa is due to both neuronal nitric oxide and endothelialderived nitric oxide released in response to cholinergic stimulation | MEDAL |
this study aimed to assess the effect of gonadotrophin suppression and fsh replacement on testicular tight junction dynamics and bloodtestis barrier btb organisation in vivo utilising the seasonal breeding djungarian hamster confocal immunohistology was used to assess the cellular organisation of tight junction proteins and RT pcr to quantify tight junction mrna the effect of tight junction protein organisation on the btb permeability was also investigated using a biotinlinked tracer tight junction protein claudin junctional adhesion molecule jama and occludin localisation was present but disorganised T3 GTH suppression while mrna C2 claudin claudin and occludin were significantly two to threefold increased by contrast both protein localisation and mrna C2 for the AP zona occludens decreased after gonadotrophin suppression fsh replacement induced a rapid reorganisation of tight junction protein localisation the functionality of the btb as inferred by biotin tracer permeation was found to be strongly associated with the organisation and localisation of claudin surprisingly jama was also recognised on spermatogonia suggesting an additional novel role for this protein in transepithelial migration of germ cells across the btb it is concluded that gonadotrophin regulation of tight junction proteins forming the btb occurs primarily at the level of protein organisation and not gene transcription in this species and that immunolocalisation of the organised tight junction protein claudin correlates with btb functionality | MEDAL |
a yearold male was admitted to the hospital because of abdominal mass bone marrow examination revealed blasts which morphology was l in fab criteria abdominal tumor was resected and histologic feature of the RT was malignant lymphoma small noncleaved cell burkitts lymphoma cells from the resected RT were cultured and a cell line was established cytological studies of the original RT cells and the cell line revealed that the lymphoma was negative both for ebna and ebv dna and possessed t qq in chromosome analysis surface antigens were positive for DR cd and cd but negative for cd the lymphoma also expressed a monoclonal pattern igg kappa type both of surface immunoglobulin and cytoplasmic immunoglobulin thus the lymphoma was originated from mature blymphocyte we analysed clinicopathological findings of patients who were reported as burkitts lymphoma in japan of cases examined for cell ebna were positive for ebna of cases tested for surface immunoglobulin of RT cells expressed igm alone and igg alone on tumor cells cytoplasmic immunoglobulin of tumor cells was positive in of patients of cases positive for cytoplasmic immunoglobulin igm was detected in patients and igg only in our patient | MEDAL |
interferon therapy may exacerbate healthrelated SQ of life hrql deficits associated with hepatitis c virus hcv early in the course of therapy treatment with PE glycolmodified interferon peginterferon alfaa kd provides improved sustained response over interferon alfaa but its effect on hrql is unknown the objective of this T0 was to evaluate the effect of sustained virologic response on hrql in patients with hcv and determine whether impairment of hrql during treatment contributes to early treatment discontinuation data consisted of a pooled AA analysis of patients n across international multicenter openlabel randomized studies that compared peginterferon alfaa kd with interferon alfaa ancova was used to examine the effect of sustained virologic response on hrql repeatedmeasures mixedmodels ancova was used to compare FSS fss and sf scores during treatment by treatment group logistic SRA was used to examine the association between changes at baseline in ontreatment hrql and early treatment discontinuation SVR was associated with marked improvements from baseline to end of followup in all subjects including patients with cirrhosis during treatment patients receiving peginterferon alfaa kd had statistically significantly better scores on both the sf and fss baseline to week changes in fatigue and sf mental and PCS summary scores significantly predicted treatment discontinuation in conclusion sustained virologic response is associated with improvements in SQ of life in patients with or without advanced MLD this parameter may be an important consideration in maximizing treatment adherence | MEDAL |
neonatal hyperglycemia is common in extremely low birth weight elbw infants because of physiologic stress exogenous glucose infusion and postnatal corticosteroid therapy for SH adrenal insufficiency and pulmonary immaturity the use of longacting insulin glargine has been described in the treatment of transient neonatal diabetes in the premature infant but in these reports is a lack of regard to its use in the treatment of iatrogenic neonatal HG we present the case of an elbw infant with significant hyperglycemia that was refractory to usual treatment but demonstrated a favorable response to LA subcutaneous insulin glargine the pharmacokinetics on regular insulin and LA insulin are different regular insulin is broken down into biologically AS monomers after subcutaneous injection and longacting insulin forms microprecipitates and is gradually released to the body at a neutral physiologic ph after subcutaneous injection pharmacokinetics of both regular insulin and longacting insulin are not clear in elbw infants however with further research on longacting insulin it can be used safely to achieve consistent euglycemia with oncedaily administration in neonatal hyperglycemia | MEDAL |
this SR and metaanalysis aimed to investigate local recurrence lr rates among the three grades benign BL and malignant of phyllodes tumors pts the T0 also assessed various risk factors for lr | MEDAL |
dopamine is an important regulator of SVR blood pressure via multiple mechanisms it affects fluid and electrolyte balance by its actions on renal hemodynamics and epithelial ion and water transport and by regulation of hormones and humoral agents the kidney synthesizes dopamine from circulating or filtered ldopa independently from innervation the L1 determinants of the renal tubular synthesisrelease of dopamine are probably sodium NI and intracellular sodium dopamine exerts its actions via two families of cell surface receptors dlike receptors comprising dr and dr and dlike receptors comprising dr dr and dr and by interactions with other g proteincoupled receptors dlike receptors are linked to vasodilation while the effect of dlike receptors on the vasculature is VL and probably dependent upon the state of nerve activity dopamine secreted into the tubular lumen acts mainly via dlike receptors in an autocrineparacrine manner to regulate ion transport in the proximal and distal nephron these effects are mediated mainly by tubular mechanisms and augmented by hemodynamic mechanisms the natriuretic effect of dlike receptors is caused by inhibition of ion transport in the apical and BLM dlike receptors participate in the inhibition of ion transport during conditions of euvolemia and moderate VE dopamine also controls ion transport and blood pressure by regulating the production of reactive oxygen species and the inflammatory response essential hypertension is associated with CA in dopamine production receptor number andor posttranslational modification | MEDAL |
serum total homocysteine and lipoproteins levels in young adults from urban and rural Az of costa rica this study evaluated the lipid profile and the SS C2 of tHcy of adults aged to years residents of rural and urban areas of the CE valley of costa rica the results showed that the proportion of subjects from urban Az with high C2 of ldlc mmoll was higher than the proportion of adults from rural Az and p on the contrary the proportion of rural subjects with low hdlc levels mmol l was higher than the proportion of urban adults and p rural residents also showed higher SS C2 of triglycerides and tHcy than the urban residents although the differences were not significant tg mmoll and mmoll p th micromoll and micromoll p the prevalences of hyperhomocysteinemia micromoll hypercholesterolemia mmoll and HTG mmoll in the studied population were and respectively of the studied population had ldlc C2 above mmoll and approximately of the adults had hdlc levels lower than mmoll our data suggest that the studied costarrican population has a very high cardiovascular risk the prevalence of low C2 of hdlc mmoll marginal levels of tHcy and a tendency to have high C2 of triglycerides were the most outstanding cardiovascular risk factors found in this population specially in rural subjects which could be associated with the SQ of the diet of these habitants it is necessary to develop effective MI strategies to promote healthy lifestyles in the population in order to reduce the cardiovascular mortality rates in costa rica | MEDAL |
this T0 assesses duodenogastric reflux dgr using mtechnetiumdiisopropyl IDA in unoperated dogs and in dogs days T3 a billroth ii gastrectomy and days after the henley procedure fourteen mongrel dogs were divided randomly into two CG of seven each according to the length of the interposed jejunal segment used group a cm group b cm all dogs were subjected to a BII gastrectomy followed by the henley procedure days later in group a dgr was significantly lower in the preoperative period median range than T3 gastrectomy median range and the henley procedure median range but did not differ significantly T3 gastrectomy and jejunal interposition in group b dgr was significantly higher after gastrectomy median range than in the preoperative period median range or than T3 the henley procedure median range dgr did not differ significantly between the preoperative period and after henley procedure after jejunal interposition dgr was significantly higher in group a than in group b the henley procedure is effective in preventing dgr when the interposed segment is cm in length | MEDAL |
developments in the fields of science and technology have revolutionized human life at material level but in actuality this progress is only SF underneath modern men and women are living in conditions of great mental and emotional stress even in developed and affluent countries people from all over the world irrespective of SC and economic background suffer from mental illness and though a number of researches are carried out worldwide but till date it has not been possible to resolve the problem in todays world AS is increasing everyday the individualistic RPA towards life the neonatal family system has increased the burden even further without adequate support system of friends and relativespeople are falling prey to mental illness the insecurities the inferiority feelings of these persons lead to disruption of communication between the sufferer and the family members and friends the sufferers prefer to confine themselves within the four walls of their home and remain withdrawn from the whole world they prefer to stay in touch with their world of fantasyfar away from the world of reality disability caused by some of the mental illnesses often remains invisible to the society leading to lack of support system and facilities for them these unfortunate disabled persons not only need medication and counseling but a thorough rehabilitation prorces between THF thf hydrate particles in ndecane were measured using an improved micromechanical technique the experiments were performed at atmospheric pressure over the temperature range k the observed forces and trends were explained by a capillary bridge between the particles the adhesion force of hydrates was directly proportional to the contact force and contact time a scoping T0 examined the effects of temperature antiagglomerants and interfacial energy on the particle adhesion forces the adhesion force of hydrates was found to be directly proportional to interfacial SE of the surrounding liquid and to increase with temperature both sorbitan monolaurate span and polynvinyl caprolactam pvcap decreased the adhesion force between the hydrate particles | MEDAL |
measuring clinical learning environment is crucial for the quality improvement of medical education especially for medical trainees at transition stages medical education in taiwan is shaped by multiple sociocultural influences the aims of this study were to construct an instrument for measuring clinical learning environment in alignment with the local sociocultural factors and medical training settings and further investigate the relationship between the quality of the clinical learning environment and the status of mental distress among medical trainees | MEDAL |
PG is a member of a protein family with a repeated amino acid motif the armadillo repeat and is a cytoplasmic protein found in both adherens junctions and desmosomes PG has been shown to form distinct complexes with cadherins or desmosomal cadherins also plakoglobin has been shown to complex with apc the RT suppressor gene product recently we isolated a cdna clone encoding plakoglobin lacking the fourth armadillo repeat of the original repeat protein ozawa et al j biochem in this T0 we established an in vitro assay system to study the molecular interaction of plakoglobin with cadherins the apc gene product and alphacatenin establishment of the system and cloning of an alternate form of plakoglobin cdna allowed us to examine the biological activity of plakoglobin lacking the fourth armadillo repeat experiments with the bacterially expressed repeat PG revealed that the protein binds to ecadherin desmoglein dsg and apc with lower affinity than the repeat form does consistent with the observation that the affinity of alphacatenin for these two alternate forms was similar we found CAA residues to of plakoglobin the residues present in both isoforms are sufficient for its IB to alphacatenin | MEDAL |
for the determination of the indication for reconstruction of the i.c. in patients with head and neck cancer a color dopplerguided matas test was performed to examine BB collateral circulation and blood flow of the MCA i.a. mca and IC ica both ssaa convex mhz and linear mhz and mhz array probes toshiba co ltd were used for this investigation a temporary occlusion test seconds by digital pressure on the common i.c. was performed on patients with HNC the results were classified into four groups according to the relative flow volume percent blood flow volume before the test of the mca group a with a MEFV of or more group b with a flow volume between and group c with a flow volume between and and group d with a flow volume of or less the relative flow volume of the mca was correlated with the ica stump pressure and single photon emission computed tomography during a balloon matas test ica occlusion this test seems to be useful in predicting the risk of carotid resection without reconstruction and in determining the indication for reconstruction of the i.c. | MEDAL |
rna polymerase ii rnapii is the responsible motor protein for transcription here we report the formulation and results of a cellular automaton model of the rnapii dynamics of gene transcription that takes account the effect of the velocity change according to the gene position such as occurs in introns and exons we describe rnapii dynamics in terms of the properties in the time domain such as elapsed time residence time and time intervals we found that the rnapii molecules move as a freeflow state though regions of reduced velocity do exist such as exons as far as the time interval between nearest rnapii molecules is larger than the time required for an rnapii passing the exclusion length in the velocity reduction region on the other hand if the reduction is strong enough to reach a certain threshold at the maximally reductive velocity region a transition occurs from the rnapii freeflow state to the states with congested and repetitive flows we analytically obtained the conditions for these flow states and the transition threshold from simulations of highdensity rnapii in the samda gene with the strong blockade we confirmed the transition from free flow to the repetitive and congested flows suggesting that the transition may serve as a regulatory mechanism of gene expression by fitting the experimentally observed rnapii density profile of the samda gene during the course of transcription of the normal and altered gene in knockdown cells with or without roadblock we found that the rnapii density flow is a free state however even in this free state there is a longrange rho between rnapii molecules ranging from to min with the corresponding distance from to kbp during transcription in normal cells this longrange correlation probably relates to the higherorder dna loop structure | MEDAL |
bacteroides thetaiotaomicron maybe one of the most adaptable intestinal bacteria due to its complex genome known to be an opportunistic pathogenic anaerobe b thetaiotaomicron has recently been described as a symbiont with antiinflammatory properties in this study peptide mass finger printing technique was used to identify the stress proteins maybe antistress proteins for the host extracted from b thetaiotaomicron grown under nutrient starvation without heme blood or bile prior to be placed in an aerobic solution containing a mild nonionic detergent derived from cholic acid we focus here on proteins related to AS knowing that superoxide dismutase was previously identified in the extract in parallel the morphology of the bacterial cells was observed using electronic microscopy before and T3 the SE process the effective antioxidant effect of the extract was evaluated in vitro against hydrogen peroxide this work highlights the b thetaiotaomicron ability to produce a large amount of AS proteins and to remain viable during the SE budding LDV were observed on its cell wall the extraction process did not exceed h in order to preserve the bacterial viability that decreased significantly T3 h in preliminary studies in our exp conditions an GABA effect of the extract was found against hydrogen peroxide animal models of inflammation will later check in vivo if this extract of antistress proteins is able to counter the respiratory burst beginning an inflammation process | MEDAL |
controversy persists regarding the role of intraoperative biopsy in the treatment of resectable pancreatic and periampullary masses the authors report their experience with intraoperative biopsy in patients in whom preoperative diagnosis wane ergometric test shows some advantages especially in research investigations the latter allows better ecg and blood pressure recordings during exercise recently a greater frequency of ST has been reported with supine vs upright exercise but some doubt as to the ICM significance of this result has been raised thus we compare the ecg and hemodynamic DP during upright and supine bicycle exercise in subjects with CP without prior myocardial infarction had documented PD disease cad and had normal coronary vessels in a subgroup cad patients and all subjects without cad a measurement of MP was performed during exercise using thallium radionuclide VG initial workload and the further graded increases were MZ for both postures the frequency of ST was higher during supine exercise vs the increase in sensitivity vs cad was wider if a more direct measurement of MI was adopted as gold standard vs ti responses and was not associated with a decreased specificity tab ii in the supine position the threshold of exerciseinduced ST was significantly lower CP appeared more frequently and at a lower workload accentuation and precocity of exerciseinduced ischemia in the supineposition could be attributed to an increased imbalance between supply and demand of mvo at equivalent workload heart rate changes systolic blood pressure and double product were significantly higherabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
the electromyographic basis of inaccurate performance was investigated in two rapid precisiongrip skills controlled by concentric and eccentric muscle contractions respectively surface electromyograms recorded from the first dorsal interosseous di AP ap and abductor pollicis brevis were utilised to identify changes in the timing and intensity of muscle activation which may be responsible for inaccurate performance the results showed that when fast precisiongrip skills were controlled by concentric di and ap muscle contraction variations in the intensity of muscle contraction were responsible for inaccurate performance however when these skills were controlled by eccentric di and ap muscle contractions inaccurate performance resulted from variations in the timing of muscle activation it was concluded that the nature of the deficiency in the patterns of muscle activation resulting in inaccurate performance was dependent upon the type of muscle contraction used in the skill | MEDAL |
the authors investigated trends in probable PTS disorder ptsd prevalence in the GA population of new york city in the first months T3 the september terrorist attacks three RDD telephone surveys of adults in progressively larger portions of the NY city metropolitan area were conducted month months and months after september a total of and demographically representative adults were recruited in the three surveys respectively the current prevalence of probable ptsd related to the september attacks in manhattan declined from confidence interval month after september to confidence interval months after september although the prevalence of ptsd PS was consistently higher among persons who were more directly affected by the attacks a substantial number of persons who were not directly affected by the attacks also met criteria for probable ptsd these data suggest a rapid resolution of mohe ionotropic receptor nmda has both neurotrophic and neuroexcitotoxic effects the neurotrophic CF is manifested in many ways including acceleration of neuronal development enhancement of neuronal migration neuroprotection blockage of apoptosis prevention of aging and prematurity as well as effects on synaptic plasticity and synaptogenesis on the other hand the neuroexcitotoxic function is manifested in its role in neurological and psychiatric diseases such as epilepsy parkinsons disease and schizophrenia the present study explores the consequences of CR and partial absence of nmdanr receptors throughout development using dii tracing in vitro the development of CC projection neurons in transgenic mice with deletion of the nmdanr receptor was observed in visual cortex compared to littermate controls the histogenesis and neuronal OD of CC cells of origin was found to be accelerated in nr mice that is the corpus callosum PNs in nr KO developed earlier and faster than in littermate heterozygous and WT however the CC projection neurons in nr heterozygous mice developed earlier and faster than in littermate WT this suggests that nmdanr receptors are involved in sequencing andor temporal regulation of neuronal OD and that there is a genedose effect studies from other laboratories suggest that the observed phenomenon of prematurity or accelerated OD is a direct effect of altered expression of genes found in mice with deletion of the nmdanr receptor | MEDAL |
currently trastuzumab is one of the key drugs in the treatment strategy for herpositive breast cancer although MBC is unlikely to be cured some herpositive patients have survived for a long time with CR response to trastuzumab therapy in herpositive M1 breast CA single agent trastuzumab is effective and less toxic combination of trastuzumab with cytotoxic drugs is also ERP therefore L1 guidelines recommend using trastuzumab as a key drug in the management of herpositive metastatic breast cancer however many clinical questions still need to be solved in this article recent evidence was reviewed to find some answers about these issues | MEDAL |
the wichyd rat is a mutant from the csk wistarimamichi rat with spontaneous HC in male rats the HC is severe and about one half of hydrocephalic male littermates possess SI totalis ependymal cilia in these animals are immotile and this defect is regarded as a mechanical cause of HC this paper presents the ultrastructural features of respiratory cilia in these rats in comparison with those in human immotile cilia syndrome the respiratory cilia in these rats also are immotile and the dynein arms are missing as in human cases previously only eight dogs with immotile cilia syndrome and a mutant hydrocephalicpolydactyl mouse were reported with respect to these phenomena however the wichyd rat is the first useful rat for human ICS and further studies may serve to clarify the genetic BG of this condition | MEDAL |
we develop an integrated probabilistic model to combine protein physical interactions genetic interactions highly correlated mRNA networks protein complex data and domain structures of individual proteins to predict protein functions the model is an extension of our previous MM for protein function prediction based on markovian random field theory the model is flexible in that other protein pairwise relationship information and features of individual proteins can be easily incorporated two features distinguish the integrated approach from other available methods for protein function prediction one is that the integrated approach uses all available sources of information with different weights for different sources of data it is a global approach that takes the whole network into consideration the second feature is that the posterior probability that a protein has the function of interest is assigned the posterior probability indicates how confident we are about assigning the function to the protein we apply our integrated approach to predict functions of yeast proteins based upon mips protein function classifications and upon the interaction networks based on mips PCS and genetic interactions gene expression profiles tandem affinity purification tap protein complex data and protein domain information we study the recall and precision of the integrated RPA using different sources of information by the leaveoneout approach in contrast to using mips physical interactions only the integrated RPA combining all of the information increases the recall from to when the precision is set at an increase of | MEDAL |
inflammatory pseudotumours ipts of the biliary tract are extremely rare and heterogeneous by aetiology and clinical presentation they might cause biliary obstruction and mimic cholangiocarcinomas and their final diagnosis is usually achieved only T3 surgical excision the most characteristic feature of ipt is the presence of chronic inflammatory cell infiltrates with variable degree of proliferating fibrous tissue ipts have the potential for recurrence even after resection and if UT they can grow causing a variety of PS due to compression of the surrounding structures and organs despite the significant improvement of modern imaging techniques preoperative distinction between ipts of the biliary system and HM is extremely difficult histological diagnosis poses a clinical challenge because sampling is often suboptimal although rare ipts should be in the differential diagnosis of patients who present with painless jaundice and no other clinical PS or signs characteristics of CC | MEDAL |
RT progression lung metastasis and death occur in tumorbearing bd ix syngeneic rats in a fashion similar to the course of patients with M1 CC in an effort to establish a relevant model for monoclonal antibody moab therapy of PT we generated mu moab against dhdtr a dimethylhydrazineinduced rat colon carcinoma which has been adapted to cell culture mu moab b e e reacts with the tr RT and shows weak immunoperoxidase reactivity with normal rat tissues murine moab f d d reacts with the RT and a variety of normal rat epithelia both are igga and mediate cytotoxicity by rat peripheral blood mononuclear cells d f f also reacts with the tumor and normal tissues but is an iggb and does not mediate cytotoxicity in the presence of rat effector cells iodinated e and d antibodies retained their immunoreactivity e revealed x antigenic sites per tr cell with an affinity constant of x m while d demonstrated x antigenic sites and an affinity constant of x m immunoblotting showed that the antigens recognized by d and e are glycoproteins with molecular weights of and respectively f failed to react with its antigen present in the blot this rat colon carcinoma and the monoclonal antibodies described here may provide exp data useful for implementing monoclonal antibodies in CA therapy | MEDAL |
the objective of the present study was to demonstrate the efficiency of the decontamination process applied to deoxynivalenol doncontaminated maize by sodium sulphite na | MEDAL |
moleculeinduced assembly of nanomaterials can alter their unique chemical and PCS properties which can be a promising approach for sensing herein we demonstrate an optical turnon biosensor for the PCD of matrix metalloproteinase mmp fabricated by means of a peptideinduced assembly of FL graphene oxide go functionalization of go with a peptide ATP for mmp bearing a thiol group leads to its selfassembly via disulfide bonding accompanied by selfquenching of gos strong fluorescence this peptideinduced go assembly is then disassembled by proteolytic cleavage in the presence of mmp thereby restoring the level of selfquenched go fluorescence with this RPA we are able to detect mmp and to investigate the kinetic parameters of mmp activity the gopeptide assembly is successfully applied to the selective and sensitive detection of mmp secreted by living cells human HCs hepg at a concentration of ng ml | MEDAL |
the kidney epithelial cell line llcpkcl cl forms a well ordered brush border bb on its apical surface cl cells were used to examine the dynamics of myoa ma formerly bb S1 i within the bb using gfptagged mia gfpma mia motor domain gfpmdiq and tail domain gfptail gfpbetaactin gfpactin was used to assess actin dynamics within the bb gfpma gfptail but not gfpmdiq localized to the bb indicating that the tail is sufficient for apical targeting of ma gfpactin targeted to all the actin domains of the cell including the bb fluorescence recovery after photobleaching analysis revealed that gfpma and gfptail turnover in the bb is rapid approximately complete in min as expected for an actinbased motor atp depletion resulted in significant inhibition of gfpma turnover yet had little effect on gfptail exchange rapid turnover of gfpma and gfptail was not due to actin turnover as gfpactin turnover in the bb was much slower these results indicate that the bb population of ma turns over rapidly while its head and tail domains interact transiently with the core actin and plasma membrane respectively this rapidly exchanging pool of ma envelops an actin core bundle that by comparison is static in structure | MEDAL |
cisplatin ddp is an effective anticancer agent that has been successfully applied against various ST however ddp commonly causes nephrotoxicity we observed that ddp led to significant alterations in renal microcirculation when administered to munichwistar rats with a concomitant decrease in single nephron glomerular filtration rate due to reduction in QA and transcapillary hydraulic pressure difference bn a plateletactivating factor antagonist caused a striking change in ARF induced by ddp leading toward normalization of all parameters of renal function the results suggest that bn could be used as a novel drug to control ddp nephrotoxicity | MEDAL |
porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the major etiologic agents of adult periodontitis and has been associated with cardiovascular diseases it expresses multiple hemagglutinins that are significant virulence factors and play an important role in bacterial att and invasion of host cells the objective of this study was to determine the impact of p gingivalis hemagglutinin a haga on the att to and invasion of human coronary artery endothelial cells hcaec and gingival epithelial cells gec bacterial strains expressing the haga protein or subunits including escherichia coli carrying plasmid peks e coli carrying plasmid st and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium with plasmid pnm were used in this study the strains were tested for their ability to attach to and invade hcaec and gec using antibiotic protection assays in addition the unique NT nonrepeated segment of haga was purified in recombinant form and a monoclonal antibody was created against the polypeptide the monoclonal antibody against the unique portion of haga was tested for inhibitory activity in these assays the attachment of both e coli strains expressing haga fragment to host cells was significantly increased compared to their respective controls however they did not invade gec or hcaec interestingly haga expression in the salmonella CS increased both adherence to and invasion of hcaec which may be due to the presence of the entire haga orf a monoclonal antibody against the unique NT portion of haga reduced invasion further experiments are needed to determine the role of the unique and the repeat segments of p gingivalis haga | MEDAL |
the validity of a hodgkinhuxley type voltagedependent inactivation of slow inward IT isi was tested in frog HR using a computer simulation the time course of isi was calculated during the OD of a frog atrial action potential ap with a TC of inactivation tauf of ms at a membrane potential em of mv the R2 of isi was biphasic after a transient increase followed by a decrease to zero isi partially reactivated at the beginning of the ap repolarization phase and then fully deactivated the reactivation phase of isi developed whether tauf was an increasing decreasing ushaped or bellshaped function of em the addition of an independent and slower process responsible for the recovery from inactivation only partly suppressed the reactivation phase however until now there was no experimental evidence supporting such a biphasic variation of isi during ap repolarization thus our results indicate that the hodgkinhuxley type MM of the voltagedependence of isiinactivation process may not correctly represent the actual behavior of frog cardiac muscle | MEDAL |
a clinical questionnaire concerning anorectal PS and urodynamic tests was used to investigate women consulting for stress urinary incontinence to compare urodynamic data patients were divided into three CG of women who had either stress urinary incontinence associated with incontinence for formed andor liquid stools or with gas incontinence or isolated AS UI to take in account the patientsage for data interpretation a MH test or covariate analysis was performed anal incontinence was reported in of the women investigated the prevalence of incontinence for gas only for liquid or for solid stools was and respectively the duration of gas incontinence was longer than that of fecal incontinence or AS UI difficult defecation was more frequently observed in patients with double incontinence than in patients with only AS urinary incoonist stimulation transresveratrol also inhibited thapsigarginmediated ca influx into platelets this suggests that the storeoperated ca channels are one of the possible targets of transresveratrol these channels rely on the emptying of the internal ca stores to initiate influx of ca into the cell the PE genistein daidzein apigenin and genisteinglucoside genistin produced GABA effects against thrombin similar to those seen with transresveratrol we conclude that transresveratrol is an inhibitor of SOCs in human platelets this accounts for the ability of transresveratrol to inhibit PLT aggregation induced by thrombin | MEDAL |
assessing performance of mental CHS mhs providers merely by their outcomes is insufficient process AF such as treatment cost or duration should also be considered in a meaningful and thorough analysis of SQ of care the present T0 aims to examine various performance indicators based on treatment outcome and two process factors duration and cost of treatment data of patients with depression or anxiety from eight dutch mhs providers were used treatment outcome was operationalized as case mix corrected pretoposttreatment NC scores and as reliable change improved and clinical significant NC recovered duration and cost were corrected for case mix differences as well three performance indicators were calculated and compared outcome as such duration per outcome and cost per outcome the results showed that performance indicators which also take process R2 into account reveal larger differences between mhs providers than mere outcome we recommend to use the three performance indicators in a cDNA way average pretoposttreatment NC allows for a simple and straightforward ranking of mhs providers duration per outcome informs patients on how mhs providers compare in how quickly symptomatic relief is achieved cost per outcome informs mhs providers on how they compare regarding the efficiency of their care the substantial variation among mhs providers in outcome treatment duration and cost calls for further exploration of its causes dissemination of best practices and continuous QI | MEDAL |
we compared the cardiac inotropic chronotropic and MVO2 mvo responses to the sodium na channel enhancer ly sdiphenylmethylazetidinyloxyhydroxypropoxyhindolecarbonitrile monohydrate with the betareceptor agonist dobutamine in conscious dogs with heart failure HR failure was induced in chronically instrumented dogs by RA ventricular pacing at bpm for to weeks ly microgkgmin iv dose dependently increased cardiac contractile function as reflected at the highest dose by increases in left ventricular dpdtmax and fractional shortening accompanied by increases in cardiac stroke work and minute work and decreases in HR rate dobutamine microgkgmin iv increased contractile responses to a similar degree but also increased HR rate at the highest dose CR ganglionic blockade with hexamethonium and atropine or with hexamethonium CT abolished the bradycardic effect but not the inotropic response to ly at similar C2 of inotropic response dobutamine microgkgmin increased mvo by p whereas ly microgkgmin had no effect in the presence of left atrial pacing at a constant heart rate and at matched contractile work mvo was increased by ly to the same extent as dobutamine these data indicate that autonomically mediated bradycardia produced by ly contributes to a favorable net metabolic effect on myocardial o utilization in the failing HR while providing inotropic support comparable to a betareceptormediated agonist | MEDAL |
cd is an adhesion receptor expressed as a kd dimer on the surface of a major subset of human t cells the cd receptor regulates the production of multiple lymphokines including interleukin il by activation of a ST pathway that is poorly understood here we show that ligation of cd by a monoclonal antibody mab or by a natural ligand bbb induces PTP that is distinct from Ti tcrinduced tyrosine phosphorylation cdinduced protein tyrosine phosphorylation was greatly enhanced in cells that had been preactivated by ligation of the tcr or by pretreatment with phorbol esters rapid and prolonged tyrosine phosphorylation of a single ATP pp was induced in TA after interaction with bbb presented on transfected chinese hamster ovary cho cells antib mab inhibited bbb receptorinduced tyrosine phosphorylation indicating that bcd interaction was required cdinduced tyrosine phosphorylation was independent of the tcr because it occurred in a variant of the jurkat t cell L1 that does not express the tcr herbimycin a a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor could prevent cdinduced tyrosine phosphorylation and cdinduced il production in normal t cells the simultaneous crosslinking of cd and cd a IMT phosphatase could prevent IMT phosphorylation of pp these results suggest that TPS tyrosine phosphorylation particularly of pp occurs directly as a result of cd ligand binding and is involved in transducing the signal delivered through cd by accessory cells that express the bbb receptor thus this particular form of ST may be relevant to lymphokine production and potentially may provide a means to study the induction of selftolerance given the putative role of the costimulatory signal in the induction of t cell activation or anergy | MEDAL |
as a result of the widespread application of cross sectional imaging there has been a significant rise in the incidence of small renal cortical neoplasms the current SOC in the management of these lesions is nephronsparing extirpative surgery in the last decade however imageguided or ablative therapies have garnered significant attention as nephronsparing alternatives to partial nephrectomy although initially laparoscopic ablation was predominately intended for use as active treatment in those patients in whom more invasive therapy was contraindicated as experience with laparoscopic ablation has become more robust the indications for the procedure continue to evolve the current article reviews the indications and contraindications preoperative preparation surgical technique and postoperative followup for laparoscopic ablative procedures also discussed are techniques and patient selection criteria to avoid complications as well as the management of complications that do occur | MEDAL |
neural stem cells are generally considered to be committed to becoming F0 cells before terminally differentiating into either SN or glial cells during neural OD neuronal and oligodendrocyte F0 cells have been identified in several Az in the mu central NS the presence of astrocyte F0 cells apcs is not so well understood the present T0 provides several lines of evidence that CD4+ cells are apcs in the early PN mouse cerebellum in developing mouse cerebellum cdpositive cells mostly located in the VWM were positive for the markers of the astrocyte lineage but negative for the markers of mature astrocytes CD4+ cells were purified from postnatal cerebellum by fluorescenceactivated cell sorting and characterized in vitro in the absence of any signaling molecule many cells died by apoptosis the surviving cells gradually expressed GFA protein a marker for mature astrocytes indicating that differentiation into mature astrocytes is the default program for these cells the cells produced no neurospheres nor SN nor oligodendrocytes under any condition examined indicating these cells are not neural stem cells LIF greatly promoted astrocytic differentiation of cdpositiifference of ± s p at weeks trough values for forced expiratory volume in s fev and forced vital capacity fvc were significantly improved with tiotropium in comparison with PL the postdose response to tiotropium was statistically superior to PL after the first dose and after weeks of treatment for fev fvc and inspiratory capacity ventilation and tidal volume at the end of walking were significantly improved with tiotropium weeks of tiotropium resulted in a greater walking endurance in patients with copd improvements in fev maximal ventilation and tidal volume may contribute to this enhanced exercise capacity | MEDAL |
the accuracy of CBF blood flow measurements using pseudocontinuous ASL can be affected by V1 factors other than cerebral blood flow such as flow velocity and arterial transit time we aimed to elucidate the effects of common variations in V1 anatomy of the circle of willis on pseudocontinuous ASL signal in addition we investigated whether possible differences in pseudocontinuous ASL signal could be mediated by differences in flow velocities two hundred and three elderly participants underwent magnetic resonance angiography of the circle of willis and pseudocontinuous ASL scans mean pseudocontinuous arterial spin labelingcerebral blood flow signal was calculated for the gray matter of the main cerebral flow territories mean cerebellar GM pseudocontinuous arterial spin labelingcerebral blood flow was significantly lower in subjects having a posterior fetal circle of willis variant with an absent p segment the posterior fetal circle of willis variants also showed a significantly higher pseudocontinuous arterial spin labelingcerebral blood flow signal in the ipsilateral flow territory of the PCA artery flow velocity in the basilar artery was significantly lower in these posterior fetal circle of willis SCV this study indicates that pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling measurements underestimate cerebral blood flow in the posterior flow territories and cerebellum of subjects with a highly prevalent R2 in circle of willis morphology additionally our data suggest that this effect is mediated by concomitant differences in flow velocity between the supplying arteries | MEDAL |
DD makes up an important proportion of the known learning disorders until the late s most research on dyslexia was carried out by educators and educational psychologists but soon T3 the publication of some dyslexic cases with focal disorders of neuronal migration to the cerebral cortex interest in the neurobiological and neurocognitive underpinnings of dyslexia grew especially in europe and north america there are at least two types of developmental dyslexiaphonological and surface surface dyslexia refers to a disorder in which the difficulty lies in reading irregular words whereas phonological dyslexia is characterized by difficulty with pseudowords phonological dyslexia is the more common of the two types surface dyslexia does not present a major problem in a language such as spanish where the number of irregular words is indeed very small still in languages such as english where irregular words are common the phonological type of developmental dyslexia is much more common phonologic dyslexics have problems with PA that is the conscious knowledge and manipulation of speech sounds which is the most proximate explanation for their difficulty in reading pseudowords many but not all phonologic dyslexics also have problems processing rapidly changing sounds even if not linguistic and some slow sounds too the same group tends to have visual problems especially involving the socalled magnocellular pathway of the visual system which among others has the role of analyzing movement accompanying these perceptual and cognitive deficits phonologic dyslexics also show abnormal brain activation to phonological tasks as shown in functional magnetic resonance studies figure in addition dyslexic brains show focal malformations ectopias and microgyria of the CBF SC involving mainly the left perisylvian region and the word form area in the temporooccipital junction there are also changes in the composition of neurons in the lateral and MG nuclei of the TH exp studies indicate that the thalamic changes are a consequence of the focal malformations and that they are responsible for the sound processing deficits none of these discoveries have changed the therapeutic modalities in this condition but it is hoped that this will be the next area of progress | MEDAL |
the present study investigated the linalool lolinduced effects in acute toxicity tests in the human pathogen CA c albicans lol treatments induced reduced germ tube formation of the pathogen which plays a crucial role in the virulence in comparison with the UT control the SE of cells ml | MEDAL |
we previously identified a family of novel developmentally regulated genes brinp and which are predominantly and widely expressed in the cns from earlier developmental stages to adulthood in the present T0 we investigated the activitydependent regulation of brinp expression in the cns among the three brinp genes brinpmrna was specifically upregulated in the DG of mouse hippocampus by kainic acid treatment in cultured hippocampal neurons the induction of brinpmrna was also observed by the activation of glu receptors although bdnfmrna is upregulated in a similar activitydependent manner bdnf itself did not induce brinpmrna from these results the physiological roles of the activitydependent induction of brinpmrna are discussed | MEDAL |
since being successfully reintroduced into ontario canada wild turkey meleagris gallopavo populations have undergone robust growth and range expansion this along with increases in land use changes from human population growth and subsequent developments in agriculture and livestock production has heightened opportunities for interactions between wild turkeys domestic poultry and humans as conspecifics wild and domestic turkeys are susceptible to infection and disease from many of the same pathogens thus transmission by direct or indirect contact is a potential health threat to both CG particularly with the overlapping range of wild turkeys in ontario with numerous commercial and backyard poultry operations however these threats are difficult to assess due to knowledge gaps in the prevalence and geographic CSD of potential pathogens circulating among wild turkeys we assessed for potentially pathogenic bacteria in freeranging hunterharvested wild turkeys in ontario n by cloacal swab culture for campylobacter spp salmonella spp and escherichia coli and SC of lung and SP for PM ornithobacterium rhinotracheale and erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae antimicrobial resistance testing was also performed on e coli isolates generic e coli isolates were recovered from of wild turkeys tested and two of these isolates exhibited resistance to azithromycin and one to ampicillin intermediate susceptibility to chloramphenicol was observed in one isolate one wild turkey swab tested positive for c jejuni but no samples were positive for p multocida salmonella spp o rhinotracheale or e rhusiopathiae to our knowledge this is the first survey of these bacteria and assessment for antimicrobial resistance among wild turkeys in ontario | MEDAL |
this study examined the effect of rosiglitazone an oral antidiabetic drug on human etheragogorelated gene herg channels expressed in human embryonic kidney hek cells using the wholecell patchclamp technique interaction between rosiglitazone and herg in hek cells was studied rosiglitazone inhibited herg channels in a concentrationdependent manner with an icâ â value of μm and a hill coefficient of these effects were reversible after washout of the drug the rosiglitazoneinduced inhibition of herg channels was voltagedependent with a steep increase in inhibition over the Vc range of channel opening however inhibition was voltageindependent over the Vc range in which channels are fully G1 rosiglitazone did not NC the steadystate activation or inactivation curves or the activation or deactivation kinetics implying that rosiglitazone blocks herg channels predominantly in the open and inactivated state rather than in the closed state the present study suggests that rosiglitazone blocks herg channels by binding to G1 and inactivated channels and rosiglitazone use should thus be carefully monitored in patients with preexisting qt prolongation | MEDAL |
to investigate involvement of the hippocampal formation in spatial information processing activity of neurons in the HPC formation of the conscious monkey was recorded during presentation of various visual and AEP stimuli from several directions around the monkey of SN recorded responded to some stimuli from one or more directions of these SN with directionally differentiating responsiveness responded to visual stimulation to AEP stimulation and to both among SN each tested with more than different stimuli one type responded independent of the nature of the CS- nonselective n and responses of the other type depended on the nature of the CS- selective n to investigate effects of change in spatial relations between test stimuli and background stimuli fixed on the monkey or fixed in the environment of SN were tested while the exp apparatus holding the stimulus was moved relative to the monkey of these neurons changed their responsiveness maintained the magnitude of their responses but changed the response direction with the movement of the apparatus changed direction regardless of the movement and did not NC direction but decreased or extinguished responses from the preferred direction thirtytwo of neurons were also tested by rotating the monkey the directionally differentiating responsiveness of SN followed the monkey egocentric SN that of remained in place in the environment allocentric neurons and responses of were reversibly extinguished when the monkey was rotated the results suggest that these HPC neurons may be involved in ID of relations among various kinds of stimuli in different spatial frameworks egocentric or allocentric and this identification may be developed from multiple sensory modalities | MEDAL |
greater documentation of patient history and clinical course is crucial for identifying factors that can influence surgical outcomes the centers for medicare and medicaid services have already begun public reporting of hospital data on readmission complication and infection rates and will soon launch a website to make physicianspecific outcomes data public the orthopaedic community has the opportunity to lead the way in ensuring that adequate and accurate data is collected to facilitate AGA comparisons that are based on patients true risk of complications and the complexity of treatment several studies have reported a link between oral pathogens and periprosthetic infection although it remains unclear whether organisms unique to dental tissues are also present in osteoarthritic joints and tissues affected by periprosthetic joint infection the american academy of orthopaedic surgeons and the american dental association are aware of these concerns and have created guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis in patients who have undergone total hip or knee arthroplasty and require highrisk dental procedures because these guidelines have received considerable criticism recommendations that are based on scientific and casecontrolled clinical studies and provide effective guidance on this important subject are needed | MEDAL |
a yearold male who had arrhythmogenic RVD arvd with recurrent atrial flutter af is reported the patient had more frequent episodes of af than of VAs magnetic resonance imaging echocardiography and RA ventriculography revealed dilatation of the right IVT and endomyocardial biopsy specimens from the RA IVT showed findings which were compatible with arvd the left VVI specimen however also revealed a loss of myocytes and interstitial fibroelastic changes the present case demonstrates an overlap of postinflammatory or primary endomyocardial fibroelastic changes with arvd | MEDAL |
the society of thoracic surgeons DB was developed as an initiative to standardize nationwide outcomes in AD CS and it has currently expanded into general thoracic and congenital CS databases for more than years since its inception the society of thoracic surgeons DB has grown as a powerful source of riskadjusted outcomes C1 scale scientific contributions and invaluable information for healthcare policy making this review article provides a snapshot of the genesis history growth and scientific contributions of the society of thoracic surgeons DB to stimulate the participation of thoracic surgery programs and maximize its future use for investigational purposes | MEDAL |
salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis s enteritidis is a major foodborne pathogen from a transposon insertion mutant library created previously using s enteritidis one of the mutants was identified to have a lethal dose ld at least times that of the parental strain in young chicks with an attenuation in a poorly studied gene encoding a component of pyruvate dehydrogenase namely the acee gene DUE of the in vitro virulence characteristics of the δaceeâ·kan mutant revealed that it was less able to invade epithelial cells less resistant to reactive oxygen intermediate less able to survive within a chicken macrophage cell line and had a retarded growth rate compared with the parental strain young chicks vaccinated with à cfu of the δaceeâ·kan mutant were protected from the subsequent challenge of the parental CS with the mutant colonized in the CL and spleen in a shorter time than the group INF with the parental CS in addition compared with the parental strain the δaceeâ·kan mutant did not cause persistent eggshell contamination of vaccinated hens | MEDAL |
celllike spiking neural csn p systems are a class of distributed and parallel computation models inspired by both the way in which SN process information and communicate to each other by means of spikes and the compcopic microsurgical platform temtme and transnasal minimally invasive surgical platform tamistme until now there is no consensus on the indications of tatme for the treatment of some special circumstances resulting in surgical difficulties such as low rectal cancer male obesity patients with narrow pelvis RT depth of invasion to the surrounding tissue tumor diameter cm tissue distortions by neoadjuvant therapy and refractory benign disease tatme has potential advantages as for contraindications obstructive RC emergency surgery and T3 PT should currently be regarded as contraindications of tatme it was reported that tatme was safe and feasible and had a satisfactory shortterm outcomes in several centers in china the T0 is characterized by good tme SQ distal margin and circumferential margins especially in overweight patients with narrow pelvis the surgical principle is the eternal cornerstone to ensure the radical tumor resection and the safety of patients the laparoscopic technique is widely used in china and surgeons are going to be skilled with laparoscopic surgeries for low rectal cancers this situation postpones the OD of tatme it is challenging and disputing to advocate tatme to replace transabdominal laparoscopic surgery for low rectal CA at recent times if we have suitable SF-36 to dissect the root nodes and have the evidence from several ongoing clinical trials we hope tatme could become a pure transanal RPA because of its unique cosmetic superiority without any ABD invasive incisions | MEDAL |
pyrethroid resistance in anopheles funestus is threatening malaria control in africa elucidation of underlying resistance mechanisms is crucial to improve the success of future control programs a positional cloning RPA was used to identify genes conferring resistance in the uncharacterised rp quantitative trait locus qtl previously detected in this vector using f T3 intercross lines ail a kb bac clone spanning rp was identified and sequenced revealing a cluster of p genes and one salivary MRP sg contrary to a gambiae afcypm is triplicated in a funestus while agcypz orthologue is absent five hundred and sixtyfive new single nucleotide polymorphisms snps were identified for genetic mapping from rp ps and other genes revealing high genetic polymorphisms with one snp every bp a significant genotypephenotype association was detected for rp ps but not for a cluster of cuticular protein genes previously associated with resistance in a gambiae qtl mapping using f ail confirms the rp qtl with an increase logarithm of odds score of multiplex gene expression profiling of ps and other genes around rp followed by individual validation using qrtpcr indicated a significant overexpression in the resistant fumozr strain of the ps afcypz afcypz afcypm and the glutathionestransferase gste with respective fold change of and polymorphisms analysis of afcypz and afcypz identified CAA changes potentially associated with resistance further indicating that these genes are controlling the pyrethroid resistance explained by the rp qtl the characterisation of this rp qtl significantly improves our understanding of resistance mechanisms in a funestus | MEDAL |
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