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two lightinduced spincrossover feiii EDC have been studied with timedependent density PET theory tddft to investigate the deactivation mechanism and the role of the ligandfield states as intermediates in this process the blyp functional has previously shown its ability to accurately describe lightinduced spincrossover in feii complexes here we establish its performance for feiii systems using feqsal hqsal quinolinyliminomethylphenol and fepap hpap pyridylmethyleneaminophenol as test cases comparing the blyp results to experimental information and to multiconfigurational wave function results in addition to rather accurate high spin HS and low spin ls state geometries blyp also predicts ligandtometal charge transfer lmct states with large oscillator strength in the SE range where the uvvis spectrum shows an intense absorption band whereas optically allowed ÏÏ excitations on the ligands were calculated at higher SE subsequently we have generated a 2DE PE surface of the HS and ls states varying the fen and feo distances lmct and metal centered mc excited states were followed along the approximate minimal SE path that connects the minima of the hs and ls on this surface the lmct state has a minimum in the same region as the initial ls state where we also observe a crossing with the intermediate spin is state upon the expansion of the coordination sphere of the feiii ion the is state crosses with the hs state and further expansion of the coordination sphere leads to the excited spin state trapping as observed in experiment the calculation of the intersystem crossing rates reveals that the deactivation from lmct â is â HS competes with the lmct â is â ls pathway in L1 with the low efficiency encountered in experiments | MEDAL |
obesity is associated with an increased risk of sudden death that may be due to abnormal cardiac vagal modulation reflected by reduced HRV hrv few studies have been conducted analyzing the effect of bariatric surgeryinduced weight loss on hrv assessed by hour holter monitoring the aim of this study was to assess WL effect T3 bariatric surgery on hrv and ventricular size and function ten morbidly obese patients women and men aged to years underwent bariatric surgery seven morbidly obese patients without active obesity treatment were used as controls twentyfourhour holter monitoring and echocardiogram were obtained before and at to months after surgery or at followup in control patients changes in minimal maximal and mean heart rate along with hrv during daytime and nighttime were compared before and T3 surgery baseline characteristics in the control group did not differ significantly from the treatment group average weight in the TG was kg mean sd at baseline and decreased to kg at followup corresponding to a body mass index of kgm at baseline and kgm at followup there was a decrease in minimal heart rate vs beats per minute p and mean heart rate vs beats per minute p during the holter monitoring SA showed a significant enhancement in hrv parameters high and lowfrequency power because there was an increase in the standard deviation of normal to normal rr intervals vs ms p the sigma of the mean rr intervals calculated over a minute period vs milliseconds p the square root of the mean of the squared differences between adjacent normal rr intervals vs ms p and the percentage of differences between adjacent normal rr intervals exceeding milliseconds vs p echocardiographic measures remained unchanged when comparing the groups WL T3 bariatric surgery enhances hrv and decreases mean and minimal heart rate during holter monitoring through a better cardiac parasympathetic modulation | MEDAL |
during the summer of stephanie popp and jennifer barnes developed a manual lifes a switch through a project funded by the national science foundation this manual teaches people how to build their own cost effective assistive switches assistive switches are a form of assistive technology which includes any device that enhances a persons SQ of life by improving the individuals mobility ability to perform ADL enhancing communication or allowing participation in education vocational activities and recreation one main goal of assistive technology is to provide opportunities for children with disabilities to explore play learn and communicate with others switches are essential tools used to provide these opportunities when a child with developmental disabilities understands the connection between the activation of a switch and the resulting action it triggers the knowledge of cause and effect is gained therefore the basis for all future learning is established one of the current problems facing assistive switch users is the cost of available items this project provides more affordable solutions for switch users by teaching the families and educators of switch users how to make their own switches and adaptors in the lifes a switch manual for example some assistive technology vendors sell large button switches from to tread switches for and pillow switches for amazingly all parts and tools used to make these assistive switches can be bought and made into personally designed assistive devices averaging a cost of around a workshop to teach this manual was also developed this workshop will spread awareness of the more affordable options this project sets forth in september of the first workshop was held in a laboratory classroom at the university of wyomings college of engineering each attendant was provided with a kit that included all essential tools and components needed to make an assistive switch workshops scheduled into will provide educational opportunities for participants as well as opportunities for improvement of the manual | MEDAL |
the traditional way of identifying amyloid in tissue sections has been staining with congo red and demonstration of green birefringence under crossed polarizers the original method of congo red staining described by bennhold in has undergone several modifications to improve its sensitivity specificity and reliability the most common modification is the alkaline congo red method described by puchtler and coworkers in specificity is improved by using freshly prepared stain and a IF solution fully saturated with sodium chloride amyloid proteins can be further distinguished by autoclaving or by treating the tissue with potassium permanganate or ALP guanidine autoclaving the tissues at c for min causes protein aa to lose its affinity for CR prolongation of autoclaving to min abolishes the congophilia of protein al but prealbuminrelated amyloid shows little or no change treatment of the tissue with potassium permanganate causes protein aa and bmicroglobulin amyloid to lose their affinity to congo red protein aa fails to stain with CR T3 treatment with ALP DTG for min and protein al and SVR senile amyloid protein ssa T3 hr familial amyloid protein fap Pr type can stand hr of alkaline DTG treatment without losing its ability to stain with CR other methods of detection of amyloid include fluorescent stains eg thioflavin t or s and metachromatic stains such as CV immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase methods are used to identify and classify amyloid proteins in tissues antibodies against the p component proteins aa and al and fap have been used with great precision due to crossreactivity these methods do not differentiate between some types of familial and SSA | MEDAL |
the forced oscillation technique fot has been demonstrated to be a very sensitive tool for the assessment of upper AO during nasal CPAP cpap therapy for obstructive SA osa the present study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic tau of a novel autocpap device based exclusively on the fot following manual cpap titration patients with osa mean apnoeahypopnoea index ahi were allocated to conventional cpap and autocpap treatment under polysomnographic control in randomized order the patients were asked to assess their subjective daytime sleepiness using the epworth sleepiness scale ess the mean ahi during autocpap treatment was and was comparable with that obtained during conventional cpap treatment the analysis of sleep architecture the arousal index versus or the ess versus did not reveal any significant differences however the mean cpap pressure during autocpap treatment kpa and in particular the pressure applied in the lateral body position kpa was significantly lower than that employed in conventional cpap treatment kpa both comparisons p the autocontinuous positive airway pressure device proved equally as ERP as conventional continuous positive airway pressure however the mean treatment pressure was significantly reduced especially when patients were sleeping in the lateral position | MEDAL |
the majority of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria pgpr confer plant immunity against a wide range of foliar diseases by activating plant defences that reduce a plants susceptibility to pathogen attack here we show that arabidopsis thaliana col plants exposed to bacillus subtilis strain fb hereafter fb results in reduced disease severity against pseudomonas syringae pv tomato dc hereafter dc compared to plants without fb treatment exogenous application of the b subtilis derived elicitor acetoin hydroxybutanone was found to trigger ISR isr and protect plants against dc pathogenesis moreover b subtilis acetoin biosynthetic mutants that emitted reduced C2 of acetoin conferred reduced protection to a thaliana against pathogen infection further analysis using fb and defensecompromised mutants of a thaliana indicated that resistance to dc occurs via npr and requires salicylic acid saethylene et whereas jasmonic acid ja is not essential this study provides new insight into the role of rhizobacterial volatile components as elicitors of defense responses in plants | MEDAL |
water fluoridations effectiveness has been reaffirmed by systematic reviews however most of the included nonrandomised controlled before and after studies were conducted pre opportunity for such studies is limited in a Css of community fluoridation programmes as an alternative for evidence to support or refute the effectiveness of water fluoridation this study used data from a recent national child oral health study to examine associations between lifetime SE to fluoridated water lefw and childhood caries | MEDAL |
the mayhegglin anomaly is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the presence of large bizarre cigarshaped platelets and döhle HB in the leukocytes this rare anomaly was detecte gadpositive SN in the hilus and in the different strata of the FD stratum infragranulosum stratum granulosum stratum moleculare were recorded in AD animals a radial gradient of neurogenesis of gadpositive cells in the area dentata was not apparent in the transverse axis neurogenesis of gadpositive cells seemed to follow a faint suprapyramidal to infrapyramidal gradient which was due to differential timing of neurogenesis of gadpositive cells destined for the stratum infragranulosum of the suprapyramidal and infrapyramidal blades of the fascia dentata gabaergic neurons in the fascia dentata comprise a limited number of welldefined cell types all of the different morphologic types of gadpositive SN present in the area dentata were generated prenatally these diverse forms did not have TPS times of neurogenesis these results support the concept that the AD morphology of gadpositive cells in the area dentata of the mouse do not bear any relationship to their times of origin | MEDAL |
a patient sought BL prophylactic mastectomies because of a strongly positive family history of breast CA fortunately prior to operation this family PH was discovered to be a fabrication by the patient few ablative plastic surgical procedures are done without objective criteria plastic surgeons relying on a positive family PH as sufficient indication for bilateral prophylactic mastectomy need to be aware that such a PH may be the contrivance of a patient with munchausens syndrome a high index of suspicion may enable the plastic surgeon to recognize munchausens syndrome and thus avoid both contributing to the patients illness and performing an unwarranted operation | MEDAL |
niemannpick disease type c npc is a cholesterol storage disease caused by defective cellular cholesterol transportation the onset and progression of npc are variable and autopsy findings have mainly been reported for the AD and juvenile forms of this disease here we report the clinical and pathological findings from a yearold female patient with the late infantile form of npc due to npc gene mutation she had notable splenomegaly at months of age she lost the ability to speak at months of age she learned to walk but often fell and could no longer walk after months at years of age she was diagnosed with npc sequence analysis of the npc gene revealed compound heterozygous mutation of tc fs and cg sx both novel thereafter the patient suffered repeated respiratory infections and died of respiratory failure at years of age pathological findings included CA particularly of VWM severe demyelination and the loss of SN from the cerebrum and from the nuclei of the BS remnant neuronal cells and microglia in the cerebrum cerebellum and BS had become swollen and foamy SN of the hipt very clear this T0 was to investigate whether resveratrol could attenuate aβinduced early impairment in hippocampal neuron excitability and the underlying mechanism the excitability and voltagegated potassium currents were examined in rat HPC ca pyramidal SN by using wholecell patchclamp technique it was found that aβ | MEDAL |
this short review deals with the role of a recently found signalling molecule nitric oxide no in inflammatory and immune responses no regulates inflammatory erythema and oedema and has cytotoxic action against microorganisms in some instances such as RI no has cytoprotective properties production of large amounts of no by activated macrophages accounts for their ability to suppress LP no synthesis in lymphocytes is questionable but cytokines secreted by G1 lymphocytes regulate no synthesis by macrophages constitutive no synthase is G1 in neutrophils in response to inflammatory stimuli and no has diverse often biphasic effects on neutrophil functions increased concentrations of nitrite and nitrate metabolites of no are present in arthritic joints no is synthesized not only by migrated inflammatory cells but also by articular chondrocytes and inflamed synovial membrane in the inflamed joint no regulates the synthesis of several inflammatory mediators and functions of inflammatory cells in addition no seems to mediate some destructive effects of Th1 cytokines such as interleukin in conclusion no regulates several humoral and cellular responses in inflammation having both antiinflammatory and proinflammatory properties depending on the type and phase of the inflammatory reaction | MEDAL |
the bcl protooncogene product blocks apoptosis we retrospectively studied bcl expression in primary tumors from patients diagnosed with t cm or less breast carcinoma with tn or without tn lymphnode metastasis bcl protein was detected by immunohistochemistry on paraffinembedded tissue sections multivariate logistic regression modeling was used to estimate prevalence odds ratios for lymphnode metastasis bcl was widely expressed among t tumors showing a strong positive relationship with estrogen er and progesterone prreceptorpositive PT however a significant inverse rho was seen between bcl expression and HG bcl being absent in the majority of t undifferentiated PT gradeiii carcinomas furthermore bcl was more frequently expressed in tn cases than in tn specimens the odds for lymphnode metastasis in the bclpositive group was times larger than that in the bclnegative group the coexpression of pr significantly modified the effect of bcl on the odds for lymphnode metastasis suggesting the existence of a synergistic interaction between the parameters we studied the percentage of dead cells in primary PT by in situ dna fragmentation fdna and found an inverse rho between bcl expression and fdna this supported the hypothesis that bcl extends cell survival in conclusion our T0 provides evidence that bcl expression is involved in breastcancer progression at least in a subset of welldifferentiated and prpositive PT | MEDAL |
we developed a difference frequency generation dfg source with an organic nonlinear optical crystal of dast or bna selectively excited by a dualwavelength βbabo optical parametric oscillator bboopo the dualwavelength bboopo can independently oscillate two lights with different wavelengths from to nm in a cavity thzwave generation by using each organic crystal covers ultrawide range from to thz with inherent intensity dips by crystal absorption modes the reduced outputs can be improved by switching over the crystals with adequately tuned pump wavelengths of the bboopo | MEDAL |
the aim of this study was to compare singleincision LS sils and conventional laparoscopy in EPs accompanied by severe hemoperitoneum | MEDAL |
in vivo laboratory experiments on tritium gas ht fixation in pine trees were conducted using oneway circuit inhalation apparatus and dwarf pine trees after hours of exposure to ht tritium distribution in pine needles branches trunk roots and soil was measured the TPS activity of tritium in pine needles was almost the same as that in the branches and about one fiftieth that in the small roots or soil to eliminate the contribution of ht oxidation in the soil from the plants a dw pine tree washed and with its root system sealed was exposed to ht oxidation activity of ht was also determined in in vitro experiments for each part from a dw pine tree oxidation activity of plant parts above the ground was quite low in vivo and in vitro experiments were also conducted on dwarf zelkova trees and similar results were obtained | MEDAL |
considering the difficulty in detecting factor fviii in vivo fluorescently labelled fviii protein provides a tool to analyse the intracellular localisation bio CSD and pharmacokinetics of the protein in living organisms here we report the use of fviii full length and bdomain deleted proteins fused to enhanced green fluorescent protein egfp at the cterminus of the coagulation protein via a nine CAA spanning linker comparison of the fviiiegfp fusion proteins to their unlabelled counterparts showed no impairment with respect to recombinant expression levels intracellular processing TPS coagulant activity and decay at physiological temperature confocal live cell imaging demonstrated ergolgitransport of bdomain deleted fviiiegfp in vesicular tubular carriers using temperature blocks and PR experiments imaging of fviiiegfp F0 proteins enabled for the first time the visualisation of the early secretory pathway of bdomain deleted fviii in living cells and in particular highlighted the apparent deficit of AS transport carriers an observation consistent with the low rates of fviii secretion seen in recombinant expression systems | MEDAL |
embryonic development may be compromised by dietary and genetic disruptions in folate metabolism because of the critical role of folate in homocysteine metabolism methylation and nucleotide synthesis methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mthfr choline and riboflavin play distinct roles in homocysteine detoxification and generation of onecarbon donors for methylation the effect of low dietary choline and riboflavin on pregnancy complications and HR OD has not been adequately addressed | MEDAL |
we report the case of an yearold girl with orofacial granulomatosis associated with clinical atopy in whom relapse of her granulomatous disorder was shown to be related to exposure to TPS food additives viz carmoisine sunset yellow and monosodium glutamate treatment with a restricted diet resulted in considerable regression in the facial swelling which has been maintained for months a brief account of the histological features both under CS and electron microscopy is given together with a description of the use of nuclear magnetic resonance scanning in the assessment of this disease the patient had no evidence to support a diagnosis of SA or crohns disease | MEDAL |
boolean input systems are in common used in the electric industry SP supplies include such systems and the SP converter represents these for instance in SP electronics the control variable are the switching on and off of components as thyristors or TFTs the purpose of this paper is to use neural network nn to control continuous systems with boolean inputs this method is based on classification of system variations associated with input configurations the classical supervised BP algorithm is used to train the networks the training of the artificial neural network and the control of boolean input systems are presented the design procedure of control systems is implemented on a nonlinear system we apply those results to control an electrical system composed of an induction machine and its SP ADC | MEDAL |
primitive round cell sarcomas of childhood and young adults have been problematic to diagnose and classify our goal was to investigate the pathologic and molecular characteristics of small blue round cell PT sbrct that remained unclassified T3 exhaustive immunohistochemistry and molecular screening to exclude known sarcomarelated translocations as rare examples of ewsrnegative sbrct have been shown to carry rearrangements for fus and cic genes we undertook a systematic screening for these two genes cic rearrangements by fish were detected in while none showed fus abnormalities race rtpcr andor longrange dna pcr performed in two cases with frozen material showed that cic was fused to copies of the dux gene on either q or q subsequent fish analysis confirmed fused signals of cic with either q or q region in six cases each tumors positive for cicdux fusion occurred mainly in male young AD patients median age years with the extremities being the most frequent location microscopically PT displayed a primitive round to oval cell morphology with prominent nucleoli high mitotic count and Az of necrosis o expression was variable being either diffuse or patchy and PT mostly lacked other markers of differentiation although cicdux resulting in a t translocation has been previously described in primitive sarcomas this is the first report implicating the related dux on q in oncogenesis these results suggest the possibility of a newly defined subgroup of primitive round cell sarcomas characterized by cic rearrangements distinct from ewing sarcoma family of tumors | MEDAL |
emigration of langerhans cells lc from the epidermis upon SE to contact sensitizers is regarded as an essential event in the OD of contact sensitization since migration of several types of cells depends on the activity of matrix MPs mmps in the present T0 we tested whether mmp inhibitors bb bb and ct can prevent the emigration of lc in cultured skin explants which were exposed to a contact sensitizer niso epicutaneous application of niso significantly reduced the number of lc within the epidermis and the remaining lc were localized along the epidermaldermal junction indicating the emigration of lc in the presence of each of the mmp inhibitors tested nisoinduced migration of lc was strongly decreased since T3 the epicutaneous application of contact sensitizer its presentation by skin lc is essential for the development of contact sensitization instead of the development of antigenspecific tolerance our results suggest that the use of mmp inhibitors may be beneficial for the prevention of contact sensitization of the host | MEDAL |
hot pepper capsicum annuum l cv bugang plants exhibit a hypersensitive response hr upon infection by tobacco mosaic virus tmv pathotype p to elucidate molecular mechanism that underlies this resistance hot pepper cv bugang leaves were inoculated with tmvp and genes specifically upregulated during the hr were isolated by differential screening one of the clones caalaat encoding a putative alanine aminotransferase ec exhibited organspecific expression pattern and the transcript accumulated abundantly in red ripe fruit tissues caalaat transcript was also induced in older leaves during senescence the expression of caalaat gene was increased in the incompatible interaction with tmvp but was not in the compatible interaction with tmvp when a strain of xanthomonas campestris pv vesicatoria xcv carrying an avrbs gene was infiltrated into the leaves of a pepper cv ecw r carrying bs resistance gene a marked induction and maintenance of caalaat gene expression was observed the expression of caalaat gene was triggered by salicylic acid sa and DDE but not by methyl JA meja caalaat seemed to be localized mostly at the cytosol from the polyethylene glycol pegmediated transformation experiment caalaat seemed to catalyze alanine oxoglutarate aminotransferase akt reaction which was a main activity among the four MICs in vitro during the resistance response against tmv in hot pepper these results suggest that caalaat a protein known to be involved in metabolic reactions might be one of the components in the plants defense signal pathway against pathogens | MEDAL |
two different activating pthpthrelated peptide pthrp receptor mutations hr and tp were recently identified as the most likely cause of jansens metaphyseal chondrodysplasia to assess the functional importance of either amino acid position in the human PPR h and t were individually replaced by all other amino acids at position only arginine and lysine led to agonistindependent camp accumulation all other amino acid substitutions resulted in receptor mutants that lacked constitutive activity or were uninformative due to poor cell surface expression in contrast most CAA substitutions at position conferred constitutive camp accumulation and affected pthpthrp receptor expression not at all or only mildly mutations corresponding to the hr or tp exchange in the human pthpthrp receptor also led to constitutive activity when introduced into the opossum receptor homolog but showed little or no change in basal camp accumulation when introduced into the rat pthpthrp receptor the pthpthrp receptor residues mutated in jansens disease are conserved in all mammalian members of this family of g proteincoupled receptors however when the equivalent of either the hr or the tp mutation was introduced into several other related receptors including the pth receptor and the receptors for calcitonin secretin ghreleasing hormone glucagonlike peptide i and crh the resulting mutants failed to induce constitutive activity these studies suggest that two residues in the human pthpthrp receptor and have critical roles in ST but with different sequence constrains | MEDAL |
two patients with CML cml received a nonmyeloablative preparative regimen of cyclophosphamide and fludarabine followed by an unmanipulated gcsfmobilized PSC transplant from an hlaidentical sibling chimaerism evaluated in myeloid and tlymphoid lineages by pcr of minisatellite VL regions showed day posttransplant haemopoietic recovery to be autologous in both patients on day the bone marrow showed only and donor metaphases by day post SPK both had donor myeloid and lymphoid lineages as assessed by karyotype and minisatellite chimaerism analysis they subsequently became rtpcr negative for bcrabl both survive and months post SPK in molecular remission of cml in one donor TA stimulated with pretransplant cml cells induced inhibition of pretransplant leukaemic cfugm but did not inhibit cfugm in the day marrow phnegative recipient donor these results show that a nonmyeloablative allotransplant can induce molecular remissions of cml through a GVL effect | MEDAL |
turner syndrome ts is among the most common of the sex chromosomal aneuploidies it results from the absence of one sex chromosome or part of an x chromosome in a female leaving only one x chromosome present in the cell PC physicians should be able to recognize the presenting signs and symptoms of ts and once the diagnosis is confirmed by a chromosome analysis they should be able to serve as a valuable source of support for the patient and her family and understand the most current treatments available | MEDAL |
adrenal glands from twins born before the th week of pregnancy were examined in order to determine the incidence of microcystic changes in the outer SC the lesion was found concordantly in pairs of twins and discordantly in one single pair one of these twins discordant for the lesion died immediately after the delivery the other one days later the first child had microcystic changes in the outer SC while the longer surviving brother was devoid of them these findings favor the hypothesis that the microcystic NC of the outer cortex of fetal adrenal PG is most probably caused by some systemic disorder which affects simultaneously both twins the lesions seen to be reversible andor transient and heal spontaneosly if the child survives | MEDAL |
it was previously demonstrated that treatment of primary cultured rat hepatocytes with lovastatin an inhibitor of hydroxymethylglutarylcoa hmgcoa reductase induced the mrnas for several cytochromes p ps including cypb cypa and cypa in this T0 we have compared the effects of lovastatin with those of three additional hmgcoa reductase inhibitors simvastatin PV and the structurally dissimilar drug fluvastatin on p expression in primary cultured rat hepatocytes and we have also characterized the effects of in vivo treatment with fluvastatin on p expression in rat liver treatment of cultured HCs with lovastatin simvastatin or fluvastatin increased cypb cypa and cypa mrna and immunoreactive protein C2 over the dose range x to x m required to increase the amount of hmgcoa reductase mrna the increases in cypb levels produced by x m fluvastatin treatment were larger than those produced by lovastatin or simvastatin treatment or by treatment with m phenobarbital in contrast treatment of cultured hepatocytes with x m lovastatin simvastatin or fluvastatin increased cypa and cypa mrna and immunoreactive protein to lower C2 than those produced by treatment with m dexamethasone or m CIP treatment of cultured hepatocytes with pravastatin had little or no effect on the amount of any of the ps examined although this drug induced hmgcoa reductase mrna as effectively as did fluvastatin incubation of HCs with m fluvastatin increased cypa mrna to of the level induced by treatment with m betanaphthoflavone doses of or mg kgday fluvastatin po for days to rats increased the hepatic C2 of cypb and cypa mrna and immunoreactive protein although to much lower levels than those produced by treatment with phenobarbital or ciprofibrate respectively treatment of rats with fluvastatin had no effect on hepatic C2 of cypa mrna or immunoreactive protein however treatment with mgkgday fluvastatin induced cypa mrna and protein the effects of fluvastatin treatment on p expression seen in primary cultured rat HCs thus largely recapitulated the effects seen in vivo the differences in effects among the hmgcoa reductase inhibitors suggest that simple inhibition of hmgcoa reductase cannot explain all of the effects of these drugs on p expression | MEDAL |
purified CT rna polymerase ii is composed primarily of species iia and iib these enzymes differ in the apparent molecular weight of their largest subunit designated iia and iib for enzyme forms iia and iib respectively both enzyme forms contain an additional high molecular weight subunit designated iic the structural relationship between subunits iia iib and iic labeled with i under both native and denaturing conditions has been analyzed by 2DE peptide mapping native rna polymerase ii was iodinated and subunits iia iib and iic purified by PAGE in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate the subunits were then digested with either trypsin or thermolysin and the ilabeled MMP resolved by thin SL PACE in the first dimension and chromatography in the second dimension similar peptide maps were obtained for each of the three large subunits suggesting that subunits iia iib and iic are related in primary sequence alternatively rna polymerase subunits iia iib and iic were purified by PAGE in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate eluted from the gel and then iodinated the use of denatured subunits as ATP for the iodination eliminates the differential reactivity of TPS IMT residues imposed by the structure of the native protein under these labeling conditions the tryptic and thermolytic peptide maps of subunits iia and iib are nearly MZ but bear much less resemblance to the peptide maps of S1 iic than with the previous labeling procedure these results suggest that subunits iia and iib are closely related in primary sequence but cannot establish whether these subunits are the products of closely related genes or are related by processing at the level of primary transcript or primary translation product S1 iic bears a more distant relationship to subunits iia and iib possible reasons why this homology is only apparent in peptide maps from subunits labeled in the native enzyme are discussed | MEDAL |
the glycoconjugates in the cochlea of the guinea pig were studied by IF samples by the silver methenamine method as well as T3 periodic acidschiff pas IF results obtained by the two methods were similar but not identical the silver methenamine method was much better in terms of resolution however this method of staining seemed less TPS than the pas reaction when the silver methenamine method was used the TM and outer hair cells were specifically stained two types of fibrils were observed in the tectorial membrane thick fibrils were located in the fibrous SL thin fibrils were situated in the marginal band the cover net hensens stripe and the fibrous SL the thick and thin fibrils appeared to correspond to type a and type b protofibrils respectively the outer hair cells were found to contain strongly stained particles which presumably consisted of glycogen the basement membrane of the capillaries in the stria vascularis also gave a positive reaction while that of other capillaries was essentially unstained this finding suggests structural differences between these capillaries | MEDAL |
two hundred and eight strains of Vc serovar o and nono strains which were isolated within or imported into australia were tested for the production of cholera enterotoxin and for hybridization with gene probes for CT genetic relationships among representative isolates were studied by a comparison of the restrictionendonuclease digest patterns of the chromosomal dna and by southernblot analysis of toxigenic strains with the choleratoxin gene probe v cholerae o isolates from patients and from the environment were predominantly toxigenic in contrast with the nono isolates the local o isolates were found to be diverse genetically and were unrelated to the imported o isolates to those from other endemic Az and to nono isolates | MEDAL |
meralgia paresthetica is a nonlifethreatening neurological disorder characterized by numbness tingling and burning pain over the anterolateral thigh due to impingement of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve this disorder has been seen in patients with diabetes mellitus and obesity but has also been observed in patients after procedures such as posterior spine surgery iliac crest bone grafts lumbar disk surgery hernia repair appendectomies and pelvic osteotomies that ultimately lead to compression or damage to the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve overall permanent sequelae of meralgia paresthetica are rare however some cases do require MI | MEDAL |
it has long been suspected that systemic and focal infections cause or exacerbate psoriatic lesions we previously showed that IP blood monocytes in psoriatic patients are G1 and overproduce inflammatory cytokines in addition it has been reported that macrophages G1 by ingesting microorganisms PR RT necrosis factor tnfalpha and interleukin ilbeta therefore we hypothesized that the monocytes in psoriatic patients may be activated by ingesting microorganisms and overproduce inflammatory cytokines we examined the PCD of microorganism dna in monocytes from patients with psoriasis vulgaris and from healthy controls dna was extracted from monocytes and a polymerase chain reaction pcr assay was performed for the detection using universal primers from conserved regions of the bacterial s ribosomal rna gene or the fungal s rrna gene at the same time we calculated the PS area and severity index pasi scores and analyzed their correlatiothe neurological abnormalities observed in patients with hereditary diseases associated with defects in dna repair i will consider the mechanisms underlying the neurological CA observed in patients with four of these diseases xeroderma pigmentosum xp cockaynes syndrome cs ataxia telangectasia at and atlike disorder atld i will also propose a mechanism for one of the observations indicating that somatic mutation can occur in the MCNs of the aging rat brain finally as a parallel to bridges inquiry into how much dna synthesis is going on in stationary phase bacteria i will address the question of how much dna synthesis in going on in neurons and the implications of the answer to this question for recent studies of neurogenesis in adult mammals | MEDAL |
lim homeodomain transcription AF regulate OD in complex organisms to characterize the molecular signals required for the nuclear localization of these proteins we examined the lhx factor lhx is essential for pituitary organogenesis and motor neuron specification by using PET fluorescent derivatives we demonstrate that lhx is found in both the nucleoplasm and nuclear matrix three NLSs were mapped within the homeodomain and one was located in the CT the homeodomain also serves as the NM targeting CS no individual signal is CT required for nuclear localization of lhx the signals work in combinatorial fashion TPS combinations of these signals transferred nuclear localization to cytoplasmic proteins mutation of NLSs within the HD inhibited lhx transcriptional function by contrast mutation of the carboxylterminal signal activated lhx indicating that this region is critical to transcriptional activity and may be a target of regulatory pathways the DP of conservation of the nuclear localization and nuclear matrix targeting signals suggests that the lim homeodomain AF use similar mechanisms for subcellular localization furthermore upon nuclear entry association of lhx with the nuclear matrix may contribute to lim homeodomain factor interaction with other classes of transcription factors | MEDAL |
simple piped water supply pws is increasingly popular in rural Az of southern thailand where diarrheal diseases are quite common the current T0 was carried out in in the southern part of thailand to determine whether the use of pws could significantly reduce the incidence rate of diarrheal diseases among the children under two years of age a dynamic cohort T0 started in january in seven muslim villages where pws was installed for some time and there was a mixture of pws users and nonusers in each villoidal neovascularization or both followup ranged from three months to nine years mean years median two years lines of VA NC averaged at three at six at and lines at months CNV persisted in five of eyes and recurred in nine of the remaining eyes at risk when the fellow eye had CNV scar or both at the time of treatment the rate of persistence or recurrence was vs if the fellow eye had no CNV scar or both an average of four lines of VA was lost when fellow eyes had choroidal neovascularization scar or both vs one line when the fellow eye had no choroidal neovascularization or scar laser photocoagulation of CNV in patients with angioid streaks can result in closure of the choroidal neovascularization and stabilization of visual acuity | MEDAL |
the effects of chondroitin sulfates chs a and c on antibody formation in mice and chickens and on proliferation of murine B1 in vitro were determined simultaneous i.t. of chs with sheep erythrocytes srbc caused enhanced antibody production as measured by plaqueforming cells per SP on day T3 antigen and by SS agglutinin titers chsc was more active than chsa and intravenous iv i.t. was far more ERP requiring fold lower doses than intraperitoneal ip injection responses of chickens could be enhanced by iv but not by ip i.t. of chsc with srbc simultaneous injection of chsc with TNP ficoll had no effect but injection of chsc days T3 this antigen significantly increased the responses although chsc and chsa both caused proliferation of normal and athymic mouse spleen cells the concentrations required for this effect in vitro were much higher than those needed for the in vivo effect chsc caused only a slight increase in delayed hypersensitivity to a contact sensitizer | MEDAL |
phospholipase a pla has been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of AP in part through the plagenerated phospholipid byproducts most notably lysophosphatidylcholine lysopc the effects of lysopc on AR4-2J other than the induction of CN are poorly characterized here we examined the effects of lysopc on the induction of apoptosis in rat pancreatic arj cells lysopc induced apoptosis in a dosedependent manner at and microm but induced cell lysis at or microm lysopcinduced at microm apoptosis was not blocked by a protein kinase c inhibitor staurosporine or by inhibitors of caspases acetyldevdaldehyde and benzoyloxycarbonylvadfluoromethylketone lysopc at and microm induced the expression of clusterin mrna and wildtype p apoptosis induction by lysopc at microm was not inhibited by a specific antagonist of plateletactivating factor paf receptor suggesting that the action was independent of th | MEDAL |
in this report we evaluated the treatment results of a combination of surgery and radiosurgery for C1 vestibular schwannomas the series of patients included in this study underwent surgery followed by radiosurgical treatment between january and january the patients included males and females aged years mean age years the average maximum diameter of the tumor was mm at the time of radiosurgery the treatment size became mm the mean peripheral dose administered was range gy and the mean dose po in the centre of the tumor was gy the mean followup period was months T3 radiosurgery excellent facial nerve function housebrackmann grade or was preserved in patients in the case of large vestibular schwannomas the combined management is one option for maintaining cranial nerve function and tumor growth control | MEDAL |
recent developments in our understanding of the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome led to the ie to the cancer of recessus piriformis with unchanged vocal folds the ultrastructure of tunica mucosa was evaluated by means of the transmission electron microscopy with the use of opton pc microscope in the control group the multilayer flat epithelium was found with the folded basal membrane a large number of PCs scarce collagenous SF in the stroma the voice disturbances which occur during presbyphonia are CS by morphological changes in the epithelium the basal membrane and the stroma of the vocal folds mucosa destruction of the epithelium cells with the enhanced vacuolar degeneration and enlarged ICS indicated oedemic character of presbyphonia an increased number of collagenous SF vacuolar degeneration of fibroblasts with enlarged granular endoplasmic reticulum and an increased number of blood vessels in the stroma suggested an atrophic form of presbyphonia | MEDAL |
the purpose of this T0 was to assess the protective effects of allopurinol a blocker of free oxygen radical for formation and superoxide dismutasepolyethylene glycol sodpeg a scavenger of fors on ICM and reperfusioninduced cochlear damage fifteen wistar kyoto rats wky were randomly assigned to three CG a control group animals that was exposed to minutes of cochlear ischemia by clamping the anterior inferior cerebellar artery aica followed by T2 of reperfusion as documented by laser doppler flowmetry a drugtreated group animals that received allopurinol before ischemiareperfusion and a drugtreated group animals that received sodpeg before ischemiareperfusion in the control group the tone burstevoked compound action potential cap recorded from the round window rw of the cochlea was abolished and the cochlear microphonic cm was reduced T3 ischemia in contrast both allopurinol and sodpegtreated animals showed postreperfusion sensitivity in cap and cm measures we interpret these results to indicate that damage to the cochleand trophic changes within the bones trophic changes were revealed by osteoporosis of different extent growth disturbances as well as perversion of ossification rate of epiphysis and apophysis of tubular and carpal bones | MEDAL |
fragile x syndrome is caused by expansion of a cggn trinucleotide repeat within the untranslated region of the fmr gene transcript the disease is reliably diagnosed by southern blotting but this method constitutes a significant workload and requires C1 samples therefore for large research or screening projects in which a large majority of the samples will be normal a more rapid and less expensive method is needed we present a method for accurate highthroughput analysis of the fraxa cggn region in the normal and premutation range the method is based on polymerase chain reaction pcr amplification of dna extracted from whole blood or eluted from dried blood spots on filterpaper followed by automated capillary PACE andurs from adult female mice were examined using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies differing in their recognition of various cytokeratin intermediate filament proteins cks all neoplasms were intraductal and were invasive carcinomas with a tubular PTC cystic or solid growth pattern ckpositive reactions were detected in the normal alveolar and ductal epithelia and ck and ckpositive reactions were seen in myoepithelial cells of nonlactating mammary PG positive staining for ck and ck was detected in all tumours and ck was expressed in those with a papillary DP comparisons between nonlactating PG and tumours indicated that the neoplasms were well or MD there was no squamoid differentiation and that they arose from the alveoli and duct system not the myoepithelial cells | MEDAL |
we determined the expression of oestrogen receptor er progesterone receptor pr heat shock protein hsp and human betalactoglobulin in the endometrium under hormone replacement therapy hrt the immunohistochemical expression during the late progestogenic phase of sequential hrt was compared semiquantitatively and using image analysis to the early mid and late luteal phase of the physiological cycle under sequential hrt smaller glands were positive for the er but larger PG with more T3 secretory features were negative er expression was lower in the stroma under hrt and the difference was statistically significant compared with the early luteal phase p expression of hsp under hrt was lower in the epithelium but higher in the stroma compared with the physiological LP epithelial pr expression was lower under hrt compared with the early but not the mid or the LL phase the number of prpositive stromal cells under hrt was lower compared with the physiological cycle and the difference was statistically significant in comparison with the early luteal phase p the glandular area expressing human betalactoglobulin during the late progestogenic phase was statistically significantly higher compared with the early but lower in comparison with the mid or the late luteal phase p the study demonstrates a subphysiological progestogenic response superimposed on evidence of a hypooestrogenism and a differential response in the epithelium and stroma | MEDAL |
many food fermentations are performed using mixed cultures of lactic acid bacteria interactions between strains are of key importance for the performance of these fermentations yogurt fermentation by streptococcus thermophilus and lactobacillus bulgaricus basonym lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp bulgaricus is one of the bestdescribed mixedculture fermentations these species are believed to stimulate each others growth by the exchange of metabolites such as folic acid and carbon dioxide recently postgenomic studies revealed that an upregulation of biosynthesis pathways for nucleotides and sulfurcontaining amino acids is part of the global physiological response to mixedculture growth in s thermophilus but an indepth molecular analysis of mixedculture growth of both strains remains to be established we report here the application of mixedculture transcriptome profiling and a systematic analysis of the effect of interactionrelated EDC on growth which allowed us to unravel the molecular responses associated with batch mixedculture growth in milk of s thermophilus cnrz and l bulgaricus atcc baa the results indicate that interactions between these bacteria are primarily related to purine CAA and longchain HFA metabolism the results support a MM in which formic acid folic acid and fatty acids are provided by s thermophilus proteolysis by l bulgaricus supplies both strains with amino acids but is insufficient to meet the biosynthetic demands for sulfur and branchedchain amino acids as becomes clear from the upregulation of genes associated with these amino acids in mixed SC moreover genes involved in iron uptake in s thermophilus are affected by mixedculture growth and genes coding for exopolysaccharide production were upregulated in both organisms in mixed culture compared to monocultures the confirmation of previously identified responses in s thermophilus using a different CS combination demonstrates their generic value in addition the postgenomic analysis of the responses of l bulgaricus to mixedculture growth allows a deeper understanding of the ecology and interactions of this important industrial food fermentation process | MEDAL |
the preoperative mr studies of patients with surgically proved medulloblastomas were retrospectively reviewed in order to characterize these neoplasms with regard to their mr signal intensity size location and appearance after contrast enhancement gadopentetate dimeglumineenhanced mr images were available in patients on short trshort te images medulloblastomas generally had low to intermediate signal and were predominantly slightly hyperintense relative to muscle and hypointense relative to white matter on long trlong te images medulloblastomas generally had intermediate to moderately high signal predominantly hyperintense relative to muscle and white matter tumor signal relative to GM varied considerably on both short tr and long tr images signal heterogeneity on long trlong te images was observed in of the lesions and resulted from intratumoral cystic zones small blood vessels andor calcifications in the patients who received gadopentetate dimeglumine the fraction of RT volume showing enhancement was found to be less than one third in two cases between one third and two thirds in four cases and greater than two thirds in five cases the mean RT size was x x cm the most frequent location of MB was the mid and VPI vermis we conclude that the unenhanced and enhanced mr characteristics of medulloblastomas are somewhat VL medulloblastomas should be included in the differential diagnosis when the mr findings described are present in the AGA patient population | MEDAL |
hematopoietic progenitorstem cell homing to the bone marrow requires the concerted action of several adhesion molecules EC p and eselectins play an important role in this process but their ligands on a C1 subset of neonatederived human cd cells are absent leading to a reduced ability to interact with the bone marrow bm microvasculature we report here that this deficiency results from reduced alphafucosyltransferase fuct expression and activity in these cd cells incubation of cd cells with recombinant human fuctvi rapidly QTc the deficiency in nonbinding cd cells and further increased the density of ligands for both p and eselectins on all cord bloodderived cd cells intravital microscopy studies revealed that these fuctvitreated cd cells displayed a marked enhancement in their initial interactions with the bm microvasculature but unexpectedly homing into the bm was not improved by fuctvi treatment these data indicate that although exogenous fuct CEA can rapidly modulate selectin binding avidity of cord blood cd cells further studies are needed to understand how to translate a positive effect on CFU-GM adhesion in bone marrow MV into one that significantly influences migration and lodgement into the parenchyma | MEDAL |
we set out to develop a molecular test that distinguishes benign and malignant thyroid nodules using fineneedle aspirates fna | MEDAL |
in the past decade immunosuppressive drugs have come to play an integral role in the treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel disease cyclosporine microemulsion cyclosporine tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil can be considered for the treatment of patients with refractory inflammatory CD fistulizing CD and severe ulcerative colitis this article reviews the use of cyclosporine tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil in patients with inflammatory bowel disease with emphasis on pharmacology results in controlled PCTs and safety and issues related to dosing and toxicity monitoring | MEDAL |
nitric oxide synthase nos can be demonstrated in the sarcolemma region of myofibers in rodent skeletal muscles with the use of nadph diaphorase histochemistry since other especially intrafibrar enzymes also exhibit nadph diaphorase activity we tried to increase the specificity of the histochemical reaction for nos a qualitative and quantitative analysis was performed on cryostat sections of FO myofiberrich tongue and EDL glycolytic myofibersrich TA derived from c mice and nos deficient KO all myofibers of both c mice and nos KO mice contained significant intrafibrar nadph diaphorase activity which was inhibited to almost BG levels when m urea was added to the incubation medium on the other hand myofibers of c mice but not of nosdeficient KO mice exhibited nadph diaphorase activity in their sarcolemma region which was only weakly reduced in the presence of m urea as was demonstrated by image analysis quantitative data on the activity of nadph diaphorases were obtained in situ by photometric analysis of formazan extracted from cryostat sections the catalytic activity in tongue and TA muscle was reduced in presence of m urea to approximately in c mice and to in nos KO respectively an in vitro nadph diaphorase CA performed on homogenates of skeletal muscles also revealed an inhibitory effect of m urea in both mouse strains and additionally indicated an upregulation of nadph diaphorase activity in nos KO mice finally an immunodepletion analysis demonstrated that nos comprises of the total nadph diaphorase activity in tongue and approximately in tibialis anterior muscle in c mice in conclusion we recommend the addition of m urea to the incubation medium to increase the specificity of the nadph diaphorase reaction to localise nos with the use of catalytic histochemistry | MEDAL |
linear iga dermatitis was diagnosed in a year old girl with erythema annulare centrifugum eac on the basis of the criteria laid down by jablonska vesiculobullous eruption with specific patterns on subsequent flareups subepidermal vesicles and bullae with papillary eosinophilic abscesses in erythematous Az positive linear iga antibody response at direct immunofluorescence in the lamina basal absence of intolerance to gluten and responsiveness to SP and dapsone this patient was followed up for years during the first years any attempt at withdrawing dapsone resulted in quick relapse which always remained responsive to that drug T3 years discontinuing dapsone was no longer followed by relapse and the girl was considered clinically cured yet direct immunofluorescence in healthy skin remained positive for years after treatment was stopped as has previously been reported at the age of T3 years without treatment the patient remained cured this case demonstrates that linear iga dermatitis is one of the causes of eac autoimmune bullous diseases such as pemphigus with eosinophilic spongiosis BP and dermatitis herpetiformis are known to present as eac direct cutaneous immunoflutically than males of the higher enzyme activities observed during starvationrefeeding studies in females of the change is a function of switching rats from nonpurified to purified diets in contrast in males only of the higher MICs could be attributed to diet shifting results of these studies indicate that the effects of dietary carbohydrates on hepatic gpdh pgdh and me MICs are gender dependent | MEDAL |
contrastenhanced ct is necessary before donor nephrectomy and is usually combined with a tcmmercaptoacetyltriglycine mag scan to check split renal function srf however all transplant programs do not use mag because of its high cost and SE to radiation we examined whether ct volumetry of the kidney can be a new tool for evaluating srf | MEDAL |
the effects of maitotoxin mtx on NM junction transmission in isolated nonuniformed stretched muscle preparation of rat diaphragms were studied using intracellular recording with microelectrodes | MEDAL |
several detergents were investigated for their ability to increase activity of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase in isolated myelin the ability of triton x and sulfobetaine dlh to solubilize the enzyme was also examined solubilization with triton x was only effective in the presence of salt for example with nacl of the activity was solubilized a single SE with sulfobetaine dlh yielded slightly more solubilized enzyme and did not require added salt both activation and CMS of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase appeared to be similarly dependent on detergent concentration suggesting a common action of the detergent in the two processes myelin basic protein was solubilized more readily than the enzyme in contrast with the enzyme in myelin cyclic CNP activity in c cells was not increased in the presence of triton x and was partially solubilized by either triton x or nacl CT no myelin basic protein could be detected in c cells by radioimmunoassay | MEDAL |
networks of PET connectivity are highly consistent across participants suggesting that PET connectivity is for a large part predetermined however several studies have shown that functional connectivity may NC depending on instructions or previous experience in the present T0 we investigated whether weeks of practice with a WM task changes PET connectivity during a resting period preceding the task we focused on two taskrelevant networks the frontoparietal network and the default network using seed regions in the RA middle FC gyrus mfg and the medial prefrontal cortex pfc respectively T3 practice young adults showed increased functional connectivity between the RA mfg and other regions of the frontoparietal network including BL superior FC gyrus paracingulate gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex in addition they showed reduced functional connectivity between the medial pfc and right posterior middle temporal gyrus moreover a regression with performance changes revealed a positive relation between performance increases and changes of frontoparietal connectivity and a negative relation between performance increases and changes of default network connectivity next to T0 whether experiencedependent effects would be different during OD we also examined practice effects in a pilot sample of yearold children no practice effects were found in this group suggesting that practicerelated changes of PET connectivity are agedependent nevertheless future studies with larger samples are necessary to confirm this hypothesis | MEDAL |
the hippocampus and particularly the ca and ca areas exhibit a variety of oscillatory rhythms that span frequencies from the slow theta range hz up to fast ripples hz various computational models of different complexities have been developed in an effort to simulate such population oscillations nevertheless the mechanism that underlies the so called sharp waveripple complex spwr observed in extracellular recordings in ca still remains elusive we present here the combination of two simple but realistic models of the rat ca and ca areas connected together in a feedforward scheme mimicking schaffer collaterals both network models are computationally simple ID arrays of excitatory and inhibitory populations interacting only via fast chemical synapses connectivity schemes and postsynaptic potentials are based on physiological data yielding a realistic network topology the ca model exhibits quasisynchronous population bursts which give rise to sharp wavelike deep depolarizations in the ca dendritic SL accompanied by transient field oscillations at â hz in the somatic layer the frequency and synchrony of these oscillations is based on interneuronal activity and fastdecaying recurrent inhibition in ca pyramidal cell spikes are sparse and come from a subset of cells receiving stronger than average excitatory input from ca the model is shown to accurately reproduce a large number of basic characteristics of spwrs and yields a new mechanism for the generation of ripples offering an interpretation to a range of neurophysiological observations such as the ripple disruption by halothane and the selective firing of pyramidal cells during ripples which may have implications for SM consolidation during spwrs | MEDAL |
the ascites fluids from patients with hepatoma or ovarian RT and the pleural fluid from patients with malignant lymphoma elicited HFA release in slices of rat adipose tissue in vitro the lipolytic factor named toxohormonel was isolated from the ascites fluid of patients with hepatoma the isolated preparation gave a single band on both disc gel electrophoresis and sodium dodecyl sulfate sdsacrylamide gel PACE in the presence of betamercaptoethanol its molecular weight was determined to be and by sdsacrylamide gel electrophoresis and AUC respectively i.t. of toxohormonel into the lateral IVT of rats significantly suppressed food and water intakes there was at least a hr delay between its i.t. and the appearance of its suppressive effect | MEDAL |
the SS gastrin response to three different amounts of a same meal was studied in normal subjects the peak gastrin response was similar for the three meals but the integarated gastrin response was larger with the largest meals comparison of the response to the two largest meals indicates that in a given subject the gastrin response is similar when test on different occasions a good rho was found between individual fasting concentrations of gastrin and peak gastrin levels after FF but not between basal gastrin and integrated gastrin response this could indicate that in normal subjects the first two parameters are primarily related to the same control mechanisms possibly the g cell mass while the integrated gastrin response reflects the effectiveness of the FB mechanisms controlling gastrin PR | MEDAL |
this study was designed to investigate the effect of propranolol on endothelin etinduced increase in cytosolic ca cai in cultured V1 smooth muscle cells vsmcs obtained from rat aorta propranolol to mmoll reduced the changes in the initial transient and the later sustained phase of cai induced by nmoll et as well as mmoll procaine the GABA action of propranolol on the change in cai induced by et may be involved in one of the mechanisms of propranololinduced reduction of vasospasms | MEDAL |
twenty percent of gastric restrictive operations require revision conversion to PT rouxeny gastric bypass prnygbp is associated with weight regain fortyone percent of these fail to achieve a body mass index bmi few report followup fu or SQ of life qol beyond years we report the longterm effectiveness of mrnygbp as a revision | MEDAL |
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was introduced in the early s making a more reliable diagnosis of primary SC psc possible since then decreased survival and increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma have been reported however no populationbased studies have quantified these outcomes | MEDAL |
pyogenic haematogenous cervical epidural PA complicated by tetraplegia is an uncommon entity but its clinical importance overshadows its rarity predisposing risk factors for SEA include diabetes intravenous drug abuse CL disease renal failure malignancy hiv infection elsewhere rheumatoid conditions trauma and a number of spinal interventions lack of recovery and death are much more frequent when CR paralysis exists since more than to hours most authors combine decompressive laminectomy and antibiotics anterior decompression and needle aspiration are rarely used the former more specifically in case of anterior PA formation a high index of suspicion along with reliance on gadoliniumenhanced mri is essential to diagnose the pathology and institute AGA treatment on an individual basis the authors report on a diabetic male patient who developed a cervical EPI PA with tetraplegia after dental SE he was treated within six hours by one stage AP decompression and F0 with complete REC | MEDAL |
it is well documented in literature that a majority of smallcell lung cancers are associated with paraneoplastic phenomena we report the case of a yearold man diagnosed with smallcell lung carcinoma in whom a severe hyponatremia and renal sodium loss with inappropriate antidiuresis were also found during a routine laboratory testing syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion was first suspected in this patient but another complex pathogenetic mechanism involving atrial NPs could be associated potentiating the deflation of the PNa level in our patient the plasmaatrial natriuretic peptide base level determined with a sensitive radioimmunoassay was above the normal range pgml normal range pgml pgml and the antidiuretic hormone plasma level had an oscillatory DP varying between pgml and pgml normal range pgml we discuss the pathogenesis and clinical aspects of this association and the therapeutic options for these types of patients | MEDAL |
in an attempt to improve trails tumor necrosis factorrelated apoptosisinducing ligand tumor selective activity a variant was designed in which the three trail protomers are expressed as a single polypeptide chain sctrail by genetic F0 with a singlechain antibody fragment scfv recognizing the extracellular domain of erbb we further equipped sctrail with tumortargeting properties we studied tumor targeting and apoptosis induction of scfvsctrail in comparison with nontargeted sctrail importantly the RT antigentargeted sctrail FP showed higher apoptotic activity in vitro with a predominant action by trailr signaling pharmacokinetic studies revealed increased plasma halflife of the targeted sctrail fusion protein compared with sctrail in vivo studies in a mouse tumor MM with xenotransplanted colo cells confirmed greater response to the erbbspecific sctrail FP compared with nontargeted sctrail both under local and systemic application regimen together in vitro and in vivo data give proof of concept of higher therapeutic activity of tumortargeted scfvsctrail molecules further we envisage that through targeting of sctrail potential side effects should be minimized we propose that scfvmediated tumor targeting of singlechain trail represents a promising strategy to improve trails antitumoral action and to minimize potential unwanted actions on normal tissuescell death and disease e doicddis published online august | MEDAL |
although VATS has only recently been applied to treat a variety of thoracic spine lesions many problems and difficulties are encountered with this technique owing to limited trocar space and lack of suitable endoscopic instruments between november and march we practiced a new approach for VATS the D2 manipulating channel method for treating patients with thoracic spinal lesions endoscopically the thoracoscopic portals were made larger usually cm and placed slightly more posterior than usual which allows use of a combination of conventional spinal instruments and videoassisted thoracoscopy to enter the chest cavity and be manipulated similar to that with techniques used for standard open surgical procedures in our series the endoscopic spinal procedures included biopsy only n thoracic discectomy n multilevel anterior discectomy and fusion n corpectomy for decompression n decompressions and interbody fusions n and internal instrumentations n throughout the T0 only one trocar was used for introducing the thoracoscope there were no intraoperative deaths and no patients showed neurologic deterioration due to the procedures we conclude that such a technique makes thoracoscopyassisted spinal surgery simpler and easier and has proved to be an ERP promising procedure it does not appear to compromise the therapeutic goals set for the patients the intraoperative vessel one can be easily controlled and the number of portals for the procedures can be reduced on average three portals are enough few endoscopic materials were used with our patients and thus the total economic cost to the patients was reduced | MEDAL |
corpora amylacea cam are amorphous structures that increase in number in the brains of patients with neurodegenerative diseases we found abundant cam in the brains of alzheimer disease ad patients we show here that proteins of the anion exchanger ae gene family related to erythrocyte band are present in cam the presence of ae epitopes in cam may be related to the presence of ae proteins in CM of neurones and their altered expression level in degenerating neurones in ad brains whereas the CSD of immunoreactivity was uniform over the cam in control brains there was much more R2 in staining of cam core and IP structures in ad brains our data support the suggestion that accumulation of altered neuronal membrane proteins may be involved in the pathogenesis of cam in ad | MEDAL |
neuroanatomical studies were carried out on the visual system of the AD rabbit BB either horseradish peroxidase hrp or wheat germ agglutininehorseradish peroxidase wgahrp was injected into the area occipitalis several corticocortical ipsi and contralateral and subcorticocortical projections were demonstrated in the ipsilateral telencephalon several patches of labelled cell CG some single hrppositive cell bodies and some labelled MF were observed in the area retrosplenialis granularis dorsalis the Az occipitales the areas temporales the area perirhinalis the area entorhinalis the area praecentralis the regio cingularis and in the regio diagonalis as well as in the dorsal part of the claustrum efferent preterminal MF and terminal knobs were seen in the nucleus caudatus contralaterally groups of labelled cell HB and single hrppositive SN were found in the area retrosplenialis granularis dorsalis the areas occipitales and the Az temporales in the ipsilateral diencephalon labelled cell bodies were observed in the corpus geniculatum laterale pars dorsalis and ventralis the nucleus lateralis thalami the NRT and in nonspecific nuclei of the midline contralaterally very few labelled cell HB were seen in the nonspecific nuclei of the midline some labelled cell bodies were observed in the ipsilateral substantia griseum centrale and in the nucleus reticularis mesencephali numerous anterogradely labelled preterminal fibres and terminal knobs but very few labelled cell HB were seen in the nucleus praetectalis posterior in the nucleus of the OT and in the colliculus superior numerous labelled fibres could be observed in the ipsilateral nuclei pontis numerous labelled MF were detectable | MEDAL |
cbaj highly resistant balbc moderately resistant and B6 susceptible mice displayed three resistance patterns following intratracheal inoculation of cryptococcus neoformans the inability to clear the infection correlated with the duration of the eosinophil infiltrate in the lungs the role of il in promoting the pulmonary eosinophilia and subsequent inflammatory damage in susceptible B6 mice was investigated cbl mice developed a chronic alveolar peribronchiolar and perivascular eosinophilia following c neoformans infection this resulted in the accumulation of intracellular charcotleydenlike crystals in alveolar macrophages by wk and the extracellular deposition of these crystals in the bronchioles with associated destruction of airway epithelium by wk il mrna was expressed in the lungs and i.v. of antiil mab prevented eosinophil recruitment and crystal deposition but did not alter cryptococcal clearance SD of cd TA but not cd ablated il production by lung WBCs in vitro and eosinophil recruitment in vivo neutralization of il also inhibited the recruitment of macrophages cd t lymphocytes and b lymphocytes by to antiil mab inhibited cd t lymphocyte recruitment by but did not affect neutrophil recruitment thus the development of a chronic eosinophil infiltrate in the lungs of c neoformansinfected cbl mice is a nonprotective immune response that causes significant lung pathology furthermore il promotes the recruitment and activation of eosinophils resulting in the recruitment of additional macrophages and lymphocytes into the lungs | MEDAL |
cochlear inflammatory response T3 cochlear implantation ci is an important mechanism for implantation trauma and hearing loss the hearing loss was also caused by damage to auditory hair cells hcs whereas ion homeostasis within the cochlea can ensure survival of hcs in our study pure hyaluronic acid ha was crosslinked with butanediol diglycidyl ether bdde and the successful preparation of the crosslinked hydrogel cha was confirmed by rheological characteristics and ftir spectra artificial perilymph apl was prepared to simulate the ion homeostasis microenvironment within scala tympani of human cochlear and served as the L1 component of AP soaked cha aplcha the conductivity experiment indicated that aplcha is more suitable to the requirements of the electrical conductivity in scala tympani the electrode coating process found that the extrusion coating method have advantages of controllable adhesive capacity of aplcha uniform coating thickness and smooth surface as compared to common method due to ci surgery application requirement optimization of coating process was selected as follows extrusion coating method degree of vol pinhole diameter of g μm pressure of ± psi controlled DEX sodium salt dsp release of days could be demonstrated using the hydrogel filled reservoir via a validated hplc method the morphological structure of cha showed different sizes of porous structure among aplcha provided structural basis for drug delivery l fibroblasts culture and spiral ganglion neuron explants SC results revealed that aplcha possesses fine biological compatibility aplcha shows a promising application in ci surgery and has great potential in preventing hearing loss with well simulation of ion homeostasis within the cochlear local dsp delivery for target antiinflammatory approximate conductivity within the scala tympani and optimization of electrode coating process | MEDAL |
the microscopic structure of ethanol in the liquid state is characterized as a dynamic equilibrium of hydrogenbonded clusters of different sizes and topologies we have developed a novel method for determination of the average size of the clusters that combines the measurement of diffusion coefficient by means of nmr diffusometry technique and hydrodynamic simulations the approach includes the use of hydronmr j garcıÌa de la torre m l huertas and b carrasco j magn reson for small molecules which is attained here by the calibration procedure using a dilute solution of tetramethylsilane it is thus possible to correlate the experimentally determined diffusion coefficia useful cell L1 for isolation and productive replication of cyhv a temperature shift from °c to °c or °c did not allow serial morphological changes as observed at °c for days under the same conditions realtime pcr showed that cyhv was present with low viral dna loads suggesting that cyhv may establish latent infection in ccfk cells amplification of the left and RA terminal repeat sequences of the cyhv genome arranged in a headtotail manner was detected by nested pcr following an upshift in temperature from °c to °c the pcr results suggested that the circular genome may represent a latent form of cyhv | MEDAL |
the mechanism by which extracellular alkalosis inhibits HPV is unknown we investigated whether the inhibition was due to intrapulmonary production of a vasodilator prostaglandin such as prostacyclin pgi hypoxic vasoconstriction in isolated saltsolutionperfused rat lungs was blunted by both hypocapnic and nahcoinduced alkalosis perfusate ph increased from to the nahcoinduced alkalosis was accompanied by a significant increase in the perfusate level of ketoprostaglandin f alpha ketopgf alpha an hydrolysis product of pgi meclofenamate an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase counteracted both the blunting of hypoxic vasoconstriction and the increased level of ketopgf alpha in IN anesthetized dogs hypocapnic alkalosis blood ph increased from to blunted hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction before but not after administration of meclofenamate in separate cultures of bovine pulmonary artery EC and smooth muscle cells stimulated by BK the incubation medium C2 of ketopgf alpha were increased by both hypocapnic and nahcoinduced alkalosis medium ph increased from to these results suggest that inhibition of HPV by alkalosis is mediated at least partly by pgi | MEDAL |
we describe a relatively simple and sensitive method to measure femtomole amounts of phosphatidic acid in cells phosphatidic acid was extracted from cells in the presence of heptadecanoylheptadecanoylsnglycerophosphate as an internal standard purified by 2DE thinlayer chromatography and hydrolyzed to its constituent free fatty acids which were then derivatized to the corresponding PFB esters pentafluorobenzyl esters of fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography with electroncapture detection longchain fatty acids were resolved with excellent signaltonoise ratios using heptadecanoic acid as an internal standard for quantitation as little as fmol of pentafluorobenzyl ester of stearic acid was detected with a linear response up to pmol linear detector responses were obtained for all L1 classes of fatty acids for phosphatidic acid measurement the PCD limit was at least fmol thus achieving a fold increase in sensitivity compared to the most sensitive of the previously described methods an example is provided of quantitating phosphatidic acid from minute amounts of biological samples such as islets of langerhans | MEDAL |
in this work diopside based ceramics was obtained by solid state reaction using conventional sintering cs and MW sintering ms moreover different amounts of po wt have been added it has been found that a relative density up to theoretical was obtained for diopside containing and wt po sintered at °c for h and at °c only for min using cs and ms excellent values of micro hardness ± gpa and point flexural strength about mpa for samples containing wt po sintered at °c for min using ms were measured besides this a relatively low weight loss ratio has been measured for diopside samples containing wt po sintered under the same conditions after soaking in physiological salt solution for days additionally the bioactivity of diopside by the possibility of formation of AP on the surface of pure diopside and diopside containing wt of po immersed in simulated body fluid sbf was also confirmed finally particular nanosized of carbonated hydroxyapatite cha crystals rice shaped were formed and covered the surface of these samples soaked in sbf solution for days | MEDAL |
the utility and effectiveness of routine health MIS rhis in improving health system performance in developing countries has been questioned this paper argues that the health system needs internal mechanisms to develop performance targets track progress and create and manage knowledge for CI based on documented rhis weaknesses we have developed the performance of routine information system management prism FR an innovative approach to design strengthen and evaluate rhis the prism FR offers a paradigm shift by putting emphasis on rhis performance and incorporating the organizational technical and behavioural determinants of performance by describing causal pathways of these determinants the prism FR encourages and guides the development of interventions for strengthening or reforming rhis furthermore it conceptualizes and proposes a methodology for measuring the impact of rhis on health system performance ultimately the prism FR in spite of its challenges and competing paradigms proposes a new agenda for building and sustainiitions can result in reduced testosterone C2 and alter the ratio between testosterone C2 and alter the ratio between testosterone and the chief female hormone estrogen harman testosterone is the major circulating androgen and it plays a L1 role in the overall health and wellbeing of both sexes similarly estrogen est is equally important and has been shown to be a powerful antioxidant responsible for suppressing free radicalinduced peroxidation chain reactions sugioka et al green et al parathyroid hormone pth is also a significant hormone responsible for regulating the calcium and phosphate within ghe body research has been ongoing examining these hormones in TPS conditions to determine their effects bhasin tanaka et al young et al in this study three antioxidants epigallocatehin gallate egcg thymoquinone tq and tannic acide ta were analyzed in combination with the above hormones to compare the effects of conventional and sustained administration of tst est and pth data of the T0 demonstrated that regardless of the route of administration cell growth was suppressed overall results revealed that route of administration played a significant role in disrupting prostate CA growth | MEDAL |
the present study was performed to elucidate the role of adhesion molecules in the pathogenesis of GD peripheral blood and intrathyroidal mononuclear cells were obtained from patients with GD the expression of adhesion molecules and DR antigen on cd cells and cd cell subpopulations was analysed by the two or threecolour immunofluorescence method the expression of adhesion molecules including lfa alpha lfa beta cd vla alpha and vla alpha on cd cells in the thyroid gland was markedly higher than that in IP blood in IP blood cd cell subsets the cd cdro cell population had an enhanced expression of the adhesion molecules compared with the cd cdra cell population however there was no significant difference in the expression of adhesion molecules by cd cell populations and subsets between GD and HS the TG from graves disease contained a higher percentage of cd cdro cells and a lower percentage of cd cdra cells in intrathyroidal cd cell subsets the cd cdro cell population had an increased expression of lfa and cd compared with the cd cdra cell population but there was no significant difference in vla and vla expression between the two cell subsets furthermore the expression of lfa and cd on the cd cdro cell population in the thyroid was significantly higher than that in matched IP blood a similar finding was also observed for the cd cdra cell population the TG had an increased percentage of cd DR cells compared with matched or healthy peripheral blood however there was no significant difference in the percentage of hladr cells in the thyroid gland between cd cdro cell and cd cdra cell populations these results suggest that increased expression of adhesion molecules on cd cells may be responsible for the migration of these cells into thyroid glands and cellular interactions between these cells and thyroid epithelial cells | MEDAL |
typically health policy practice and research views alcohol and other drug aod problems as objective things waiting to be detected diagnosed and treated however this approach to policy development and treatment downplays the role of clinical practices tools discourses and systems in shaping how aod use is constituted as a problem for instance people might present to aod treatment with multiple psychosocial concerns but usually only a singular aodassociated problem is considered serviceable as the assumed nature of the serviceable problem influences what treatment responses people receive and how they may come to be enacted as addicted or normal subjects it is important to subject clinical practices of problem formulation to critical analysis given that the reach of aod treatment has expanded via the online medium in this article we examine how problems are produced in online alcohol counselling encounters involving people aged and over drawing on poststructural approaches to problematisation we not only trace how and what problems are produced but also what effects these give rise to we discuss three approaches to problem formulation addiction discourses at work moving between concerns and alcohol problems making problems complex and multiple on the basis of this analysis we argue that online aod counselling does not just respond to preexisting aod problems rather through the social and clinical practices of formulation at work in clinical encounters online counselling also produces them thus given a different set of circumstances practices and relations problems might be defined or emerge differentlyperhaps not as problems at all or perhaps as different kinds of concerns we conclude by highlighting the need for a critical reflexivity in aod treatment and policy in order to open up possibilities for different ways of engaging with and responding to peoples needs in their complexity | MEDAL |
we report the case of a yearold woman who was admitted for acute CBF infarction linked to a cardiac calcified amorphous RT cat and related mitral annular calcification mac the cardiac mass was removed and mitral valve replacement surgery was performed pathological examination revealed an amorphous accumulation of degenerating material within both lesions indicating that buildup of calcium along the mitral annulus and subsequent rupture of the fibrotic tissue may be involved in the initiation and progression of cat | MEDAL |
birdsong is a speciestypical stereotypic vocalization produced in the context of reproduction and aggression among temperatezone songbirds it is produced primarily by males and its frequency and quality are enhanced by the presence of the gonadal steroid hormone testosterone in the plasma in the BB the effects of testosterone on song behavior involve both estrogenic and androgenic metabolites of testosterone that are locally produced and act via their cognate receptors androgen and in some cases estrogen receptors are present in many specialized forebrain song control nuclei testosterone can regulate catecholamine steadystate levels and turnover in these song control regions tracing studies combined with immunocytochemistry for IMT hydroxylase a marker of catecholamine synthesis reveal several catecholamine cell CG that project to forebrain song control nuclei these brain Az also express the mrna for either androgen receptors or estrogen receptor alpha and androgens enhance the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase DA cell groups that project to song nuclei express the protein product of the IE1 gene fos in association with the production of territorial song thus testosterone may be acting on song behavior via these ascending catecholamine cell groups chemical lesioning studies suggest that NE projections to the song system are involved in the RL to produce song and the ability to discriminate conspecific from heterospecific song the song control circuit may thus be modulated in significant ways via the androgen regulation of forebrain catecholamine systems | MEDAL |
the authors announce their own experience and data of the literature to clarify their policy in cases of pregnancy T3 a previous caesarean section for obstetricians the question is to accept a trial of labor for vaginal birth or to decide an elective caesarean section we particularly explain our conclusions in cases of breech deliveries twin pregnancies fetal pelvic disproportion maternal diabetes and labor inductions in cases of previous caesarean a trial of labor can be successfully tempted in numerous situations nevertheless there are some limits not to be crossed | MEDAL |
a method is described for the confirmation of chlorophenols in human urine a hydrolyzed urine sample is analyzed by both gas chromatography gc and liquid chromatography lc with electrochemical detection and the results compared a discussion of these results including factors affecting separation detection and confirmation of chlorophenols in human urine is included | MEDAL |
using a behavioral highrisk twosite prospective design we tested the cognitive vulnerability hypotheses about suicidality consistent with prediction the high cognitive risk hr participants were more likely than the low cognitive risk lr participants to exhibit suicidality measured by both structured diagnostic interview and questionnaire selfreport during the year prospective followup period moreover when the prospective period was examined as a whole the mediation hypothesis derived from the cognitive theories was strongly supported hopelessness appeared to mediate the obtained relationship between cognitive vulnerability and suicidality finally the obtained relationship between cognitive vulnerability and suicidality was not mediated by other hypothesized risk factors for suicidality not specified in the cognitive theories such as past suicidality personal PH of depressive disorders borderline and antisocial personality dysfunction and parental PH of depression | MEDAL |
surgicalsite infection ssi is a L1 contributor to patient mortality rates and health care costs due to the high risk of bacterial contamination colorectal surgery is associated with a particularly high risk of postoperative infection the surveillance reported here was conducted at aichi medical university hospital on patients who underwent elective colorectal resectiontotal or partialfrom june to may to determine risk AF for ssi multivariate analysis was used fortysix patients were diagnosed with ssi patients who received cefotiam for prophylaxis showed the highest incidence of ssi and patients who were administered flomoxef showed the lowest incidence patients who developed ssi were more likely to intraoperative blood loss ± vs ± p longer postoperative antimicrobial administration ± vs ± p and longer operative time ± vs ± p intraoperative one antimicrobial choices to cover both anaerobic and aerobic bacteria and length of antimicrobial administration were independently predictive of ssi OD according to multivariate logistic SRA these results suggest that the degree of operative invasion and anaerobic bacteria contribute to ssi following colorectal surgery | MEDAL |
the characteristics of the cardiac adenylate cyclase system were studied in rats fed diets containing fish oil menhaden oil and other oils adenylate cyclase activity generally was higher in cardiac homogenates and CM of rats fed diet containing menhaden oil than in the other oils the increase in CEA especially in forskolinstimulated activity was associated with an increase in the concentration of the h forskolinbinding CS in cardiac membranes of rats fed menhaden oil the betaadrenergic receptor concentration was not significantly altered although the affinity for hdihydroalprenololbinding was lower in CM of rats fed menhaden oil than those fed the other oils omega fatty acids from MO were incorporated into the cardiac membrane phospholipids the results suggest that the observed increase in myocardial adenylate cyclase activity of rats fed menhaden oil may be due to an increase in the number of the catalytic subunits of the enzyme or due to a greater availability of the forskolinbinding CS | MEDAL |
a variety of visceral nerves were studied by intermediate filament immunocytochemistry in rats intoxicated with acrylamide in such animals oesophageal and DIA motor endplates were invaded and deformed by neurofilament proteinlike material while afferent MF of DIA neuromuscular spindles and myelinated sensory MF of the iris showed striking terminal accumulation of similar material conversely the rich population of thin afferent MF of the iris showed no obvious abnormality while preterminal changes were seen along the extrinsic nerve fibres supplying the cornea and myenteric ganglia multiple lesions were demonstrated in gut SN of acrylamidetreated rats while scattered enteric glial cells showed abnormally coarse morphology and a striking increase in GFA protein immunoreactivity a distinct delicately varicose appearance was revealed by NF-M proteinimmunostaining in bladder nerve fibres of normal rats which was changed to one of coarse dilations by acrylamide in conclusion apparently selective changes were found along different types of axons indicating marked heterogeneity in cytoskeletal organisation among visceral nerves taken together with the proposed inhibition by acrylamide of NF-M proteins degradation the above findings may suggest a nonuniform CSD of neurofilament Kd sites along distal regions of different axons | MEDAL |
in a register for cerebral palsy and a healthcare programme were started in southern sweden with the aim of preventing dislocation of the hip in children with CP it involved all children with CBF palsy born in or later none of the affected children born between and has developed a dislocation following the introduction of the prevention programme another children moved into the area and none developed any further dislocation of the children with CBF palsy aged between five and years living in the area on january only two had a dislocated hip one boy had moved into the area at age of nine with a dislocation and a girl whose parents chose not to participate in the programme developed BL dislocation one boy whose condition was considered to be too poor for preventative surgery developed a painful dislocation of the hip at the age of five years and died three years later eight of children in a control group consisting of all children with CBF palsy living in the area between and and born between and developed a dislocation of the hip bn in mdamb cells only thus prr may represent a potential candidate RT suppressor gene in breast cancer | MEDAL |
hematuria is a rare complication seen in patients with hemoglobin c trait we report a yearold africanamerican female with HbC trait who presented with persistent hematuria none of the urological serological or histological workups revealed any other pathology hematuria failed to respond to all conventional modalities used in the treatment of the same condition seen in sickling hemoglobinopathies this case is the first known case of persistent hematuria in a pediatric patient with hemoglobin c trait which resolved with intravenous urea administration | MEDAL |
cannabinoid receptor type cb activation is recently reported to promote proliferation of some types of resident stem cells eg hematopoietic stemprogenitor cell or neural progenitor cell resident cardiac CFU-GM cpc activation and proliferation are crucial for endogenous cardiac regeneration and cardiac repair after myocardial infarction mi this study aims to explore the role and possible mechanisms of cb receptor activation in enhancing myocardial repair our results revealed that B6 IL-1ra am can significantly increase cpcs by ckit and runx IF in ischemic myocardium as well as improve CM proliferation am also decreased serum levels of mda tnfα and il T3 mi in addition am can ameliorate left ventricular ejection fraction and fractional shortening and reduce fibrosis moreover am treatment markedly increased pakt and ho expression and promoted nrf nuclear translocation however pik inhibitor WM eliminated these cardioprotective roles of am in conclusion am could induce myocardial regeneration and improve cardiac function which might be associated with pikaktnrf signaling pathway activation our findings may provide a promising strategy for cardiac endogenous regeneration T3 mi | MEDAL |
amprenavir is a novel KPI with antiviral activity and was approved in the us agenerase in for use in combination with other antiretrovirals for the treatment of hiv infection the drug is developed by kissei pharmaceuticals co ltd in japan approved in the same year and has been distributed by them prozei APV achieves a viral load of less than copiesml when it is given in triple combination therapy in both therapynaive patients and patients previously treated with nucleoside RTIs nrti the recommended dose of amprenavir is eight mg capsules twice daily or mg bid amprenavir may be taken with or without a meal however it should not to be taken with highfat meals because its oral bioavailability may possibly be affected by fat one of the L1 concerns associated with antihiv agents is the resistance mutation development and the presence of iv mil iv ilv and iv TT has been observed in amprenavir therapy experienced subjects differences in resistance patterns and resistance mutation interactions may have amprenavir recognized as an alternative choice of drugs in maintaining tau therefore APV is believed to add an important treatment option in hiv infection therapy it should be noted that p isozyme cypa is responsible for amprenavir thus care must be taken to avoid combined APV with drugs that affect the action of cypa that act on the production cypa substrates or that are metabolized by cypa metabolism APV is the fifth protease inhibitor approved in japan and it is important to understand its differential and identical properties from other PIs to maximize its tau | MEDAL |
general endotracheal get anesthesia is often used during singleballoon enteroscopy sbe however there is currently limited data regarding monitored anesthesia care mac without endotracheal intubation for this procedure | MEDAL |
a series of phosphine oxide hosts bisdiphenylphosphoryl dibenzothiophene dbtdpo and diphenylphosphoryldibenzothiophene dbtspo and electron transporting materials etm diphenylphosphoryldibenzothiophene sulfone dbsospo diphenylphosphoryldibenzothiophene sulfone dbsospo and diphenylphosphoryldibenzothiophene sulfone dbsospo were developed to support blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence tadf devices with high performance through optimizing intralayer and interlayer compatibility of emissive layers on the basis of the triplet SE of ev for the hosts and etms excitons can be effectively confined on dmacdps compared to dbtspo dbtdpo can support the excellent distribution uniformity to blue tadf dye bisdimethyldihydroacridine phenyl sulfone dmacdps owing to their configuration similarity while dbsospo and dbsospo are superior in compatibility with the hosts due to the similar molecular polarity or configuration through adjusting the molecular configuration the electrical performance of etms can be feasibly tuned including the excellent electron mobility μe by the order of cm v s as the result dbtdpo and dbsospo endowed their fourlayer blue tadf devices with the maximum current efficiency of cd a and the maximum external quantum efficiency more than which are impressive among the best blue tadf devices it is showed that intralayer compatibility determines the maximum efficiencies while interlayer compatibility influences efficiency stability | MEDAL |
a healthy and asymptomatic yearold woman underwent a complete r nonanatomical resection of an incidentally detected solitary HCC carcinoma hcc in a noncirrhotic CL six years following the initial r nonanatomical resection intrahepatic recurrence was diagnosed and the patient underwent a second r nonanatomical resection at years following the initial resection a further intrahepatic recurrence was diagnosed which was once again completely resected by left lateral hepatectomy this represents one of the longest reported periods between initial resection and hcc recurrence following repeated r resections in the absence of cirrhosis the appropriate surveillance period and genetic testing protocol for such cases remains to be established | MEDAL |
CA has been recognized as the predominant infecting organism in oropharyngeal candidiasis yeasts other than c albicans are commonly recognized as colonizing the oral cavity but have not been thought to be a significant cause of disease this review will describe the emergence of yeasts other than c albicans as causative pathogens in OPC both as coinfecting organisms with c albicans and as sole pathogens themselves diagnosis and treatment of these emerging infections will also be discussed | MEDAL |
cpt is a drug used as chemotherapy for colorectal cancer cpt causes toxic sideeffects in patients cpt toxicity has been attributed to the activity of intestinal microbiota however intestinal microbiota may also have protective effects in cp chemotherapy this T0 aimed to elucidate mechanisms through which microbiota and dietary fibres could modify host health rats bearing a ward Caco-2 were treated with a twocycle cptfluorouracil therapy recapitulating clinical therapy of CC animals were fed with a semipurified diet or a semipurified diet was supplemented with nondigestible carbohydrates isomaltooligosaccharides resistant starch FOS or inulin in independent experiments changes in intestinal microbiota bacteria translocating to mesenteric lymphnodes cecal gud activity and cecal scfa production and the intestinal concentration of cpt and its metabolites were analysed nondigestible carbohydrates significantly influenced FI body weight and other indicators of animal health the identification of translocating bacteria and their quantification in cecal microbiota indicated that overgrowth of the intestine by opportunistic pathogens was not a L1 contributor to cpt toxicity remarkably fecal gud activity positively correlated to body weight and feed NI but negatively correlated to cecal sn concentrations and ilβ the reduction in cpt toxicity by nondigestible carbohydrates did not correlate to stimulation of TPS bacterial taxa however cecal butyrate concentrations and FI were highly correlated the protective role of intestinal butyrate production was substantiated by a positive rho of the host expression of mct MCT1 with body weight as well as a positive rho of the abundance of bacterial butyrylcoa gene with cecal butyrate concentrations these correlations support the interpretation that the influence of dietary fibre on cpt toxicity is partially mediated by an increased cecal production of butyrate | MEDAL |
spondylarthropathies spa present mainly with spondylitis pauciarticular peripheral ICA and enthesopathy ankylosing spondylitis as is the prototype disease in this concept other entities include reactive arthritis arthritis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease some forms of psoriatic ICA and undifferentiated spa nsaids are the CP cornerstone of medical therapy in patients with spa the effect of these drugs on PD more specifically the ankylosis is uncertain sulfasalazine can be combined with nsaids particularly if peripheral ICA PS persist however this ACT is not ERP for the spondylitis symptoms indeed as is one of the rheumatic diseases for which no real diseasemodifying antirheumatic treatment is available challengnusa elongation factor with transcribed regions in vivo by using chromatin IP rnap preferentially associates with the promoterproximal region of several operons and this preference is particularly pronounced at the lexadinf promoter when cells are grown in exponential phase little or no sigma is associated with rnap during early elongation however during stationary phase sigma is retained in a fraction of elongating rnap complexes throughout the melab operon in contrast sigma is not observed in elongating rnap complexes at the laczya operon during stationary phase at both operons nusa associates with rnap during early elongation and this association is greatly reduced during stationary phase these observations suggest that in vivo association of sigma and nusa with elongating rnap is regulated by growth conditions | MEDAL |
different methods have been developed for tsetse and trypanosomiasis control or eradication but all these have their TPS advantages and limitations however a combination of methods could be used as part of an areawide integrated pest management awpm the sterile insect technique sit as a technique of choice for eradication of tsetse flies requires mass production of flies in the laboratories since tsetses are exclusively haemotophogous insects a SQ blood diet is needed for maintenance of flies with optimum production the aim of this T0 was to establish the optimum storage time of blood diet for tsetse colonies | MEDAL |
this T0 demonstrated the feasibility of a device for monitoring pressure relief maneuvers and PCS activity for wheelchair users the device counts the number of wheel pushes based on wheelchair acceleration and measures pressure relief maneuvers using a seat sensor consisting of three force sensing resistors fsrs to establish the feasibility of the seat sensor for the detection of pressure relief maneuvers wheelchair users and ND controls completed a series of wheelchair depression raises forward trunk leans and lateral trunk leans the seat sensor was placed underneath the users seat cushion to establish the feasibility of wheel push counting fulltime wheelchair users navigated a flat m outdoor track and a m outdoor obstacle course during selfpropulsion eg wheel pushes and during assistedpropulsion eg no wheel pushes of the performed pressure relief were properly classified by the seat sensor accuracy sensitivity specificity sensitivity was highest for depression raises and lowest for front lean maneuvers the wheelchair activity monitor measured pushes during the selfpropulsion trials compared to pushes measured with the instrumented pushrim during assistedpropulsion trials there were incorrectly identified pushes per trial | MEDAL |
spectral analysis of electrical noise recorded from the round window rw of the cochlea is referred to as the ensemble SA esa of the cochlear nerve the esa is considered to represent the summed spontaneous activity of single fibers of the auditory nerve and changes in the spectral characteristics of the esa have been observed in humans with tinnitus experiments were undertaken to determine the relationship of the esa to auditory neurotransmission the esa consisted of SE centered at approximately hz similar to the spectral peak of single auditory neuron discharges the amplitude of the esa was correlated with good auditory sensitivity in the khz region of the cochlea constant pure tones of khz suppressed the esa reducing its amplitude in a frequency and intensity dependent manner implying that the esa recorded at the rw is generated or dominated by SN in the basal region of the cochlea the esa was significantly suppressed by RW perfusion of the px IL-1ra adenosine othiotriphosphate atpgammas mm the glutamate receptor antagonist dinitroquinoxalinedione dnqx mm and the sodium channel antagonist tetrodotoxin ttx microm following intravenous furosemide injection mgkg reduction and recovery of the esa correlated with similar changes in the endocochlear potential ep following dnqx and atpgammas an additional spectral peak at hz was often observed this peak has been postulated to be a correlate of tinnitus in humans but had not previously been observed in a guineapig model of tinnitus these data confirm the spectral characteristics of the esa in guineapigs and show it is dependent on the sensitivity of the AEP nerve and IN AEP neurotransmission in addition these experiments support the view that the esa represents summed spontaneous neural activity in the cochlea and provide a platform for studies of the influence of ototoxic EDC on the spontaneous neural outflow of the cochlea as a model of tinnitus | MEDAL |
previously we have demonstrated that metabolic activity shown by ARG determination of deoxycglucose dg uptake within the rat hypothalamic SCN nuclei scn was inhibited by subcutaneous injection of mgkg melatonin to determine whether this effect was specific to a particular time of day the effects of melatonin on dg uptake were studied in several hypothalamic Az including the scn supraoptic nuclei son lateral Thy area lha and AHA aha every h throughout the circadian day in a second experiment the effects of different melatonin doses were studied at the time of day at which melatonin had its maximal effect to determine the DR relationship of melatonininduced inhibition of scn dg uptake the data indicate that melatonin inhibited dg uptake in the scn CT at one time of day primarily at circadian time ct and ct h before subjective dusk and secondarily at ct just before subjective dawn this effect was dose dependent with a ERP dose of microgramskg the temporal and DR characteristics of these effects are similar to those characterizing the entraining effects of melatonin on circadian patterns of locomotion and drinking | MEDAL |
the emg of the SCM and the masticatory muscles during function has been observed in relation to opposing occlusal contacts the purpose was to investigate the possible developmental mechanism of pain which can occur in the muscles six subjects with normal function and ten patients were studied emg activities of temporal masseter SCM insertion and sternocleidomastoid middle were recorded by surface and needle electrodes emg activity was recorded from the IS of the sternocleidomastoid during activity of the masticatory muscles in tapping clenching and mastication on the other hand little activity was registered from the middle of the SCM the amplitude of the emg of scmi increased as the occlusal force increased during chewing the SCM was SF-36 more actively on the working side than on the nonworking side on the patients emg MICs of the muscles were of low amplitude and VLF with no synchronization with the chewing movement suggesting hyperactivity of the muscle | MEDAL |
pregnancy decreased FI during late gestation lactogenesis and parturition have dramatic effects on metabolism in dairy cows during the transition period from wk before calving to wk after calving increases in plasma nefa occur during the d before calving and may precede the decrease in feed intake plasma nefa concentrations are highest at calving and decrease rapidly after calving plasma gl concentration decreases during the transition period except for a transient increase associated with calving hepatic glycogen is reduced and lipid is increased during the transition period FI is usually decreased to during the final wk prepartum but negative energy and protein balances are not as severe as during the week following parturition prepartum feed intake is positively correlated to PP FI therefore efforts to maximize FI should begin before calving overconditioned cows may be more susceptible to a prepartum decrease in feed intake increasing nutrient density of the diet during the transition period may enhance FI feeding more fermentable carbohydrate during the prepartum transition period may acclimate the microbial population to lactation diets promote OD of ruminal papillae increase absorptive capacity of the rumen epithelium and reduce lipolysis by delivering more glucogenic F0 to the CL and enhancing blood insulin supplementing fat to transition diets does not seem to alleviate health problems associated with negative energy balance enhancing CAA absorption by the prepartum cow may improve lactation performance and health although mechanisms of action have not been identified | MEDAL |
the threepore model of peritoneal transport has the ability to predict ultrafiltration uf profiles rather accurately even when high molecular weight mw solutes are employed as osmotic agents in CAPD capd in the present simulations we wanted to assess for various theoretical perturbations the uf properties of a peritoneal dialysis pd solution with an osmotic agent having an average mw of kd and a number average mw of kd which is similar to that of icodextrin ico | MEDAL |
the syndrome of spontaneous intracranial hypotension sih is an uncommon cause of postural HA we describe three patients with classical low pressure HA associated with low csf pressure one of whom presented with sudden deafness and another with a unilateral vith nerve palsy initial magnetic resonance imaging mri scans revealed BL diffuse subdural fluid collections in all three cases follow up mri scans performed on two patients at months demonstrated partial resolution of the subdural collections but persistent striking meningeal enhancement despite clinical recovery these findings differ from previous reported cases wherein clinical resolution of postural symptoms was preceded or closely followed by resolution of the mri changes | MEDAL |
poor adherence to gastroprotective agents gpas is common among users of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs nsaids or lowdose aspirin asa there are little data on the utilization of gpas among nsaid and asa users complicated by ulcer one | MEDAL |
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