Datasets:

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lighteval

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Evaluation datasets 56

[ "A Star Is Born is a 1976 American musical drama film telling the story of a young woman, played by Barbra Streisand, an easy listening folkie type ingenue who enters the music business, and meets and falls in love with an established male rock'n'roll star, played by Kris Kristofferson, only to find her career ascending while his goes into decline. It is a remake of two earlier versions – the 1937 version was a drama starring Janet Gaynor and Fredric March, and the 1954 version was a musical starring Judy Garland and James Mason. It will be remade for a fourth time in 2018 starring Lady Gaga and Bradley Cooper.\n", "A Star Is Born is a 1976 American musical drama film telling the story of a young woman, played by Barbra Streisand, an easy listening folkie type ingenue who enters the music business, and meets and falls in love with an established male rock'n'roll star, played by Kris Kristofferson, only to find her career ascending while his goes into decline. It is a remake of two earlier versions – the 1937 version was a drama starring Janet Gaynor and Fredric March, and the 1954 version was a musical starring Judy Garland and James Mason. It will be remade for a fourth time in 2018 starring Lady Gaga and Bradley Cooper.\n" ]

[ "Janet Gaynor", "Fredric March" ]

[ "Paul Christopher James Terry (born 7 November 1985) is an English former child actor. He is best known for in starring as James in the 1996 film adaptation of Roald Dahl's James and the Giant Peach. He also starred in the four seasons of the children's sitcom Microsoap (1998–2000)." ]

[ "Paul Christopher James Terry" ]

[ "Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery said they were visited by John the Baptist, who laid his hands on their head and gave them the Aaronic priesthood; Smith described the event in detail and gave an exact date when it happened. In contrast, he never gave a description of any vision in which he saw an angel separately confer the Melchizedek priesthood. However, by the turn of the 20th century, Latter Day Saint theologians believed that such a separate ordination by angels had occurred prior to the organization of the Church of Christ on April 6, 1830.[9] This was largely because the early church organization contained the office of elder, which at least by 1835 was considered an office of the Melchizedek priesthood. As evidence for such a pre-organization angellic conferral, writers referred to a revelation in which Smith said he heard \"The voice of Peter, James, and John in the wilderness between Harmony, Susquehanna county, and Colesville, Broome county, on the Susquehanna river, declaring themselves as possessing the keys of the kingdom, and of the dispensation of the fulness of times!\"[10] Thus, most Mormons suppose that Smith and Cowdery were visited by the three angels in 1829 and that they conferred the Melchizedek priesthood in the same way John the Baptist had conferred the Aaronic priesthood.", "Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery said they were visited by John the Baptist, who laid his hands on their head and gave them the Aaronic priesthood; Smith described the event in detail and gave an exact date when it happened. In contrast, he never gave a description of any vision in which he saw an angel separately confer the Melchizedek priesthood. However, by the turn of the 20th century, Latter Day Saint theologians believed that such a separate ordination by angels had occurred prior to the organization of the Church of Christ on April 6, 1830.[9] This was largely because the early church organization contained the office of elder, which at least by 1835 was considered an office of the Melchizedek priesthood. As evidence for such a pre-organization angellic conferral, writers referred to a revelation in which Smith said he heard \"The voice of Peter, James, and John in the wilderness between Harmony, Susquehanna county, and Colesville, Broome county, on the Susquehanna river, declaring themselves as possessing the keys of the kingdom, and of the dispensation of the fulness of times!\"[10] Thus, most Mormons suppose that Smith and Cowdery were visited by the three angels in 1829 and that they conferred the Melchizedek priesthood in the same way John the Baptist had conferred the Aaronic priesthood.", "Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery said they were visited by John the Baptist, who laid his hands on their head and gave them the Aaronic priesthood; Smith described the event in detail and gave an exact date when it happened. In contrast, he never gave a description of any vision in which he saw an angel separately confer the Melchizedek priesthood. However, by the turn of the 20th century, Latter Day Saint theologians believed that such a separate ordination by angels had occurred prior to the organization of the Church of Christ on April 6, 1830.[9] This was largely because the early church organization contained the office of elder, which at least by 1835 was considered an office of the Melchizedek priesthood. As evidence for such a pre-organization angellic conferral, writers referred to a revelation in which Smith said he heard \"The voice of Peter, James, and John in the wilderness between Harmony, Susquehanna county, and Colesville, Broome county, on the Susquehanna river, declaring themselves as possessing the keys of the kingdom, and of the dispensation of the fulness of times!\"[10] Thus, most Mormons suppose that Smith and Cowdery were visited by the three angels in 1829 and that they conferred the Melchizedek priesthood in the same way John the Baptist had conferred the Aaronic priesthood." ]

[ "Peter", "James", "John" ]

[ "\n\nOrange City, Florida\n\n\nCity\n\n\nCity of Orange City\n\n\n\nOrange City Town Hall\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nSeal\n\n\n\n\n\nNickname(s): The Heart of Southwest Volusia\n\n\n\nLocation in Volusia County and the state of Florida\n\n\nCoordinates: 28°55′34″N 81°17′13″W / 28.92611°N 81.28694°W / 28.92611; -81.28694Coordinates: 28°55′34″N 81°17′13″W / 28.92611°N 81.28694°W / 28.92611; -81.28694[1]\n\n\nCountry\nUnited States\n\n\nState\nFlorida\n\n\nCounty\nVolusia\n\n\nIncorporated\n1882\n\n\nGovernment\n\n\n • Type\nCouncil–manager\n\n\n • Mayor\nGary A. Blair\n\n\n • City manager\nDale Arrington\n\n\nArea[2]\n\n\n • Total\n7.54 sq mi (19.53 km2)\n\n\n • Land\n7.44 sq mi (19.28 km2)\n\n\n • Water\n0.10 sq mi (0.25 km2)\n\n\nElevation[3]\n30 ft (9 m)\n\n\nPopulation (2010)[4]\n\n\n • Total\n10,599\n\n\n • Estimate (2016)[5]\n11,403\n\n\n • Density\n1,532.04/sq mi (591.54/km2)\n\n\nTime zone\nEastern (UTC-5)\n\n\n • Summer (DST)\nEDT (UTC-4)\n\n\nZIP code(s)\n32763\n\n\nArea code(s)\n386\n\n\nFIPS code\n12-51825[4]\n\n\nGNIS feature ID\n0288188[3]\n\n\nWebsite\nwww.ourorangecity.com\n\n" ]

[ "28°55′34″N 81°17′13″W / 28.92611°N 81.28694°W" ]

[ "A few days before the intervention, the gang attempted to watch TV in Barney's apartment and they learn that Barney does not know how to use tools, so he has called a repairman to fix the TV. However, instead of the repairman, Barney is greeted at the door by Jerome Whittaker (John Lithgow), Barney's father and stated he has received his letter. Later, Barney related to the gang his meeting with Jerry, telling them how he is a tour manager who loves Scotch, suits, and loose women as much as he does. Though the gang is happy for Barney, they worry that Jerry will hurt him again, which Barney brushes off. However, the gang is later approached by Jerome, who reveals that he is actually a driving instructor with a normal suburban life. During the actual meeting with Barney, Jerry attempted to impress him but failed miserably." ]

[ "John Lithgow" ]

[ "A scientific theory is an explanation of some aspect of the natural world that can be repeatedly tested, in accordance with the scientific method, by using a predefined protocol of observations and experiments.[1][2] Established scientific theories have withstood rigorous scrutiny and are a comprehensive form of scientific knowledge.[3]" ]

[ "scientific theory" ]

[ "\"The Sweet By-and-By\" is a Christian hymn with lyrics by S. Fillmore Bennett and music by Joseph P. Webster. It is recognizable by its chorus:", "\"The Sweet By-and-By\" is a Christian hymn with lyrics by S. Fillmore Bennett and music by Joseph P. Webster. It is recognizable by its chorus:" ]

[ "S. Fillmore Bennett", "Joseph P. Webster" ]

[ "\n\n[hide]Table of iPad Mini series\n\n\nModel\niPad Mini (1st generation)\niPad Mini 2\niPad Mini 3\niPad Mini 4\n\n\nImage\n\n\n\n\n\n\nInitial operating system\niOS 6.0\niOS 7.0\niOS 8.1\niOS 9.0\n\n\nHighest supported operating system\niOS 9.3.5\niOS 11.0\n\n\nModel Number[125][126]\nA1432 (Wi-Fi)\nA1454 (Wi-Fi + Cellular)\nA1455 (Wi-Fi + Cellular MM)\nA1489 (Wi-Fi)\nA1490 (Wi-Fi + Cellular)\nA1491 (Wi-Fi + Cellular TD-LTE)\nA1599 (Wi-Fi)\nA1600 (Wi-Fi + Cellular)\nA1601 (Wi-Fi + Cellular TD-LTE)\nA1538 (Wi-Fi)\nA1550 (Wi-Fi + Cellular)\n\n\nAnnouncement date\nOctober 23, 2012\nOctober 22, 2013\nOctober 16, 2014\nSeptember 9, 2015\n\n\nRelease date\nNovember 2, 2012\nNovember 12, 2013\nOctober 22, 2014[5]\nSeptember 9, 2015\n\n\nDiscontinued\n32, 64 GB: October 22, 2013\n16 GB: June 19, 2015\n64, 128 GB: October 16, 2014\n16 GB: September 7, 2016\n32 GB: March 21, 2017\nSeptember 9, 2015\n16 GB and 64 GB: September 7, 2016\n32 GB: March 21, 2017\n128 GB: In Production\n\n\nLaunch price\nWi-Fi models:\n16 GB US$329, 32 GB US$429, 64 GB US$529\nWi-Fi + Cellular models:\n16 GB $459, 32 GB $559, 64 GB $659\nWi-Fi models:\n16 GB $399, 32 GB $499, 64 GB $599, 128 GB $699\nWi-Fi + Cellular models:\n16 GB $529, 32 GB $629, 64 GB $729, 128 GB $829\nWi-Fi models:\n16 GB $399, 64 GB $499, 128 GB $599\nWi-Fi + Cellular models:\n16 GB $529, 64 GB $629, 128 GB $729\nWi-Fi models:\n16 GB $399, 64 GB $499, 128 GB $599\nWi-Fi + Cellular models:\n16 GB $529, 64 GB $629, 128 GB $729\n\n\nSoC\nApple A5\nApple A7\nApple A8\n\n\nMotion coprocessor\nN/A\nApple M7\nApple M8\n\n\nCPU\n1 GHz dual-core ARM Cortex-A9\n1.3 GHz dual-core Apple Cyclone\n1.5 GHz dual-core Apple Typhoon[147]\n\n\nGPU\nDual-core PowerVR SGX543MP2\nQuad-core PowerVR G6430[130]\nQuad-core PowerVR GX6450[148]\n\n\nMemory\n512 MB DDR2 RAM built into Apple A5 package[149]\n1 GB LPDDR3 RAM\n2 GB LPDDR3 RAM[150]\n\n\nStorage\n16, 32, or 64 GB[13]\n16, 32, 64, or 128 GB[13]\n16, 64, or 128 GB\n\n\nDisplay\n7.9 inches (200 mm) multi-touch display with LED backlighting and a fingerprint and scratch-resistant coating\n\n\n1024×768 pixels at 163 ppi\n2048×1536 pixels at 326 ppi (Retina Display)\n\n\nCamera\nBack\n1080p HD still and video camera\n5 MP, 30fps and 5× digital zoom\n1080p HD still and video camera\n8 MP, 30fps and 3× digital zoom\n\n\nFront\n1.2 MP still, 720p video\n\n\nWireless\nWi-Fi\nWi-Fi (802.11a/b/g/n), Bluetooth 4.0\nWi-Fi (802.11a/b/g/n/ac), Bluetooth 4.2\n\n\nWi-Fi + Cellular\nIn addition to above:\n3G transitional LTE on Cellular model\n\n\nGeolocation\nWi-Fi\nWi-Fi,[13] Apple location databases[133]\nAdditionally: iBeacon microlocation[151]\n\n\nWi-Fi + Cellular\nAssisted GPS, GLONASS, Apple databases,[133] Cellular network[13]\nAdditionally: iBeacon microlocation[151]\n\n\nEnvironmental sensors\nAccelerometer, gyroscope, ambient light sensor, magnetometer[13]\nAdditionally: barometer\n\n\nBattery\n3.72 V 16.5 W·h (4,440 mA·h)[149]\n3.75 V 24.3 W·h (6,471 mA·h)[152][153]\n3.82 V 19.32 W·h (5,124 mA·h)[150]\n\n\nDimensions\n7.87 in × 5.3 in × 0.28 in (199.9 mm × 134.6 mm × 7.1 mm)\n7.87 in × 5.3 in × 0.29 in (199.9 mm × 134.6 mm × 7.4 mm)\n8 in × 5.3 in × 0.24 in (203.2 mm × 134.6 mm × 6.1 mm)\n\n\nWeight\nWi-Fi model: 0.68 lb (310 g)\nWi-Fi + Cellular model: 0.69 lb (310 g)\nWi-Fi model: 0.73 lb (330 g)\nWi-Fi + Cellular model: 0.75 lb (340 g)\nWi-Fi model: 0.65 lb (290 g)\nWi-Fi + Cellular model: 0.67 lb (300 g)\n\n\nMechanical keys\nHome, sleep, volume rocker, variable function switch (originally screen rotation lock, mute in iOS 4.2, either in 4.3 and later)[13]\nWithout variable function switch\n\n\nConnector\nLightning\n\n\nAdditional Features\nN/A\nTouch ID (finger-print scanner in home button)\n\n\nGreenhouse gas emissions\n95 kg CO2e[154]\n170 kg CO2e[146][155]\n120 kg CO2e[156]\n\n" ]

[ "November 2, 2012" ]

[ "\n\nRepublic of Colombia\nRepública de Colombia (Spanish)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nFlag\n\n\n\nCoat of arms\n\n\n\n\n\n\nMotto: \"Libertad y Orden\" (Spanish)\n\"Freedom and Order\"\n\n\n\n\nAnthem: ¡Oh, Gloria Inmarcesible! (Spanish)\nO unfading glory!\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nLocation of Colombia (dark green)\nin South America (grey)\n\n\n\n\n\nCapital\nand largest city\nBogotá\n4°35′N 74°4′W / 4.583°N 74.067°W / 4.583; -74.067\n\n\nOfficial languages\nSpanisha\n\n\nRecognized regional languages\n68 ethnic languages and dialects. English is also official in the archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina.\n\n\nEthnic groups (2005[1][2])\n\n\n\n86% Mestizo and White;\n10.6% Black\n(includes Mulatto);\n3.4% Amerindian\n\n\n\n\n\nDemonym\nColombian\n\n\nGovernment\nUnitary presidential constitutional republic\n\n\n\n• President\n\nJuan Manuel Santos\n\n\n\n• Vice President\n\nÓscar Naranjo\n\n\n\n• President of the Congress\n\nEfraín Cepeda\n\n\n\n• President of the Supreme Court\n\nRigoberto Echeverri\n\n\nLegislature\nCongress\n\n\n\n• Upper house\n\nSenate\n\n\n\n• Lower house\n\nChamber of Representatives\n\n\nIndependence from Spain\n\n\n\n• Declared\n\n20 July 1810\n\n\n\n• Recognized\n\n7 August 1819\n\n\n\n• Last unitarisation\n\n1886\n\n\n\n• Current constitution\n\n4 July 1991\n\n\nArea\n\n\n\n• Total\n\n1,141,748 km2 (440,831 sq mi) (25th)\n\n\n\n• Water (%)\n\n8.8 (17th)\n\n\nPopulation\n\n\n\n• August 2017 estimate\n\n49,364,592[3] (29th)\n\n\n\n• 2005 census\n\n42,888,592[3]\n\n\n\n• Density\n\n40.74/km2 (105.5/sq mi) (173rd)\n\n\nGDP (PPP)\n2017 estimate\n\n\n\n• Total\n\n$720.151 billion[4] (31st)\n\n\n\n• Per capita\n\n$14,609[4]\n\n\nGDP (nominal)\n2017 estimate\n\n\n\n• Total\n\n$306.439 billion[4] (32nd)\n\n\n\n• Per capita\n\n$6,216[4]\n\n\nGini (2016)\n 51.7[5]\nhigh\n\n\nHDI (2015)\n 0.727[6]\nhigh · 95th\n\n\nCurrency\nPeso (COP)\n\n\nTime zone\nCOT (UTC−5b)\n\n\nDate format\ndd−mm−yyyy (CE)\n\n\nDrives on the\nright\n\n\nCalling code\n+57\n\n\nISO 3166 code\nCO\n\n\nInternet TLD\n.co\n\n\n\n\n\nAlthough the Colombian Constitution specifies Spanish (Castellano) as the official language in all Colombian territory, other languages spoken in the country by ethnic groups – approximately 68 languages – each is also official in its own territory.[7] English is also official in the archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina.[8]\nThe official Colombian time[9] is controlled and coordinated by the National Institute of Metrology.[10]\n\n\n\n\n" ]

[ "Bogotá" ]

[ "The median age upon accession to the presidency is 55 years and 3 months. This is how old Lyndon B. Johnson was at the time of his inauguration. The youngest person to assume the office was Theodore Roosevelt, who became president at the age of 42 years, 322 days, following William McKinley's assassination; the oldest was Donald Trump, who was 70 years, 220 days old at his inauguration. The youngest person to be elected president was John F. Kennedy, at 43 years, 163 days of age on election day; the oldest was Ronald Reagan, who was 73 years, 274 days old at the time of his election to a second term." ]

[ "John F. Kennedy" ]

[ "\n\n\nRank\n\nPlayer\n\nPosition(s)\n\nTeam(s) played for (years)[2]\n\nTotal assists\n\nGames played\n\nAssists per gameaverage[3]\n\n\n1\n\nJohn Stockton*\n\nPG\n\nUtah Jazz (1984–2003)\n\n15,806\n\n1,504\n\n10.5\n\n\n2\n\nJason Kidd*\n\nPG\n\nDallas Mavericks (1994–1996, 2008–2012)Phoenix Suns (1996–2001)New Jersey Nets (2001–2008)New York Knicks (2012–2013)\n\n12,091\n\n1,391\n\n8.7\n\n\n3\n\nSteve Nash*\n\nPG\n\nPhoenix Suns (1996–1998, 2004–2012)Dallas Mavericks (1999–2004)Los Angeles Lakers (2012–2014)\n\n10,335\n\n1,217\n\n8.5\n\n\n4\n\nMark Jackson\n\nPG\n\nNew York Knicks (1987–1992, 2001–2002)Los Angeles Clippers (1992–1994)Indiana Pacers (1994–1996, 1997–2000)Denver Nuggets (1996–1997)Toronto Raptors (2000–2001)Utah Jazz (2002–2003)Houston Rockets (2003–2004)\n\n10,334\n\n1,296\n\n8.0\n\n\n5\n\nMagic Johnson*\n\nPG\n\nLos Angeles Lakers (1979–1991, 1996)\n\n10,141\n\n906\n\n11.2\n\n\n6\n\nOscar Robertson*\n\nPG\n\nCincinnati Royals (1960–1970)Milwaukee Bucks (1970–1974)\n\n9,887\n\n1,040\n\n9.5\n\n\n7\n\nIsiah Thomas*\n\nPG\n\nDetroit Pistons (1981–1994)\n\n9,061\n\n979\n\n9.3\n\n\n8\n\nGary Payton*\n\nPG\n\nSeattle SuperSonics (1990–2003)Milwaukee Bucks (2003)Los Angeles Lakers (2003–2004)Boston Celtics (2004–2005)Miami Heat (2005–2007)\n\n8,966\n\n1,335\n\n6.7\n\n\n9\n\nChris Paul^\n\nPG\n\nNew Orleans(/Oklahoma City) Hornets (2005–2011)Los Angeles Clippers (2011–2017)Houston Rockets (2017–present)\n\n8,708\n\n892\n\n9.8\n\n\n10\n\nAndre Miller†\n\nPG\n\nCleveland Cavaliers (1999–2002)Los Angeles Clippers (2002–2003)Denver Nuggets (2003–2006, 2011–2013)Philadelphia 76ers (2006–2009)Portland Trail Blazers (2009–2011)Washington Wizards (2013–2015)Sacramento Kings (2015)Minnesota Timberwolves (2015–2016)San Antonio Spurs (2016)\n\n8,524\n\n1,304\n\n6.5\n\n\n11\n\nLeBron James^\n\nSF\n\nCleveland Cavaliers (2003–2010, 2014–2018)Miami Heat (2010–2014)Los Angeles Lakers (2018–present)\n\n8,208\n\n1,143\n\n7.2\n\n\n12\n\nRod Strickland\n\nPG\n\nNew York Knicks (1988–1990)San Antonio Spurs (1990–1992)Portland Trail Blazers (1992–1996, 2001)Washington Bullets/Wizards (1996–2001)Miami Heat (2001–2002)Minnesota Timberwolves (2002–2003)Orlando Magic (2003–2004)Toronto Raptors (2004)Houston Rockets (2005)\n\n7,987\n\n1,094\n\n7.3\n\n\n13\n\nMaurice Cheeks*\n\nPG\n\nPhiladelphia 76ers (1978–1989)San Antonio Spurs (1989–1990)New York Knicks (1990–1991)Atlanta Hawks (1991–1992)New Jersey Nets (1993)\n\n7,392\n\n1,101\n\n6.7\n\n\n14\n\nLenny Wilkens*\n\nPG\n\nSt. Louis Hawks (1960–1968)Seattle SuperSonics (1968–1972)Cleveland Cavaliers (1972–1974)Portland Trail Blazers (1974–1975)\n\n7,211\n\n1,077\n\n6.7\n\n\n15\n\nTerry Porter\n\nPG\n\nPortland Trail Blazers (1985–1995)Minnesota Timberwolves (1995–1998)Miami Heat (1999)San Antonio Spurs (1999–2002)\n\n7,160\n\n1,274\n\n5.6\n\n\n16\n\nTim Hardaway\n\nPG\n\nGolden State Warriors (1989–1993, 1994–1996)Miami Heat (1996–2001)Dallas Mavericks (2001–2002)Denver Nuggets (2002)Indiana Pacers (2003)\n\n7,095\n\n867\n\n8.2\n\n\n17\n\nBob Cousy*\n\nPG\n\nBoston Celtics (1950–1963)Cincinnati Royals (1969–1970)\n\n6,955\n\n924\n\n7.5\n\n\n18\n\nGuy Rodgers*\n\nPG\n\nPhiladelphia/San Francisco Warriors (1958–1966)Chicago Bulls (1966–1967)Cincinnati Royals (1967–1968)Milwaukee Bucks (1968–1970)\n\n6,917\n\n892\n\n7.8\n\n\n19\n\nTony Parker^\n\nPG\n\nSan Antonio Spurs (2001–2018)Charlotte Hornets (2018–present)\n\n6,829\n\n1,198\n\n5.7\n\n\n20\n\nDeron Williams\n\nPG\n\nUtah Jazz (2005–2011)New Jersey/Brooklyn Nets (2011–2015)Dallas Mavericks (2015–2017)Cleveland Cavaliers (2016–2017)\n\n6,819\n\n845\n\n8.1\n\n\n21\n\nMuggsy Bogues\n\nPG\n\nWashington Bullets (1987–1988)Charlotte Hornets (1988–1997)Golden State Warriors (1997–1999)Toronto Raptors (1999–2001)\n\n6,726\n\n889\n\n7.6\n\n\n22\n\nKevin Johnson\n\nPG\n\nCleveland Cavaliers (1987–1988)Phoenix Suns (1988–1998, 2000)\n\n6,711\n\n735\n\n9.1\n\n\n23\n\nRajon Rondo^\n\nPG\n\nBoston Celtics (2006–2014)Dallas Mavericks (2014–2015)Sacramento Kings (2015–2016)Chicago Bulls (2016–2017)New Orleans Pelicans (2017–2018)Los Angeles Lakers (2018–present)\n\n6,608\n\n779\n\n8.5\n\n\n24\n\nDerek Harper\n\nPG\n\nDallas Mavericks (1983–1994, 1996–1997)New York Knicks (1994–1996)Orlando Magic (1997–1998)Los Angeles Lakers (1999)\n\n6,577\n\n1,199\n\n5.5\n\n\n25\n\nNate Archibald*\n\nPG\n\nCincinnati Royals/Kansas City(-Omaha) Kings (1970–1976)New York Nets (1976–1977)Buffalo Braves (1977–1978)Boston Celtics (1978–1983)Milwaukee Bucks (1983–1984)\n\n6,476\n\n876\n\n7.4\n\n\n26\n\nStephon Marbury\n\nPG\n\nMinnesota Timberwolves (1996–1999)New Jersey Nets (1999–2001)Phoenix Suns (2001–2004)New York Knicks (2004–2009)Boston Celtics (2009)\n\n6,471\n\n846\n\n7.6\n\n\n27\n\nJohn Lucas II\n\nPG\n\nHouston Rockets (1976–1978, 1984–1986, 1989–1990)Golden State Warriors (1978–1981)Washington Bullets (1981–1983)San Antonio Spurs (1983–1984)Milwaukee Bucks (1986–1988)Seattle SuperSonics (1988–1989)\n\n6,454\n\n928\n\n7.0\n\n\n28\n\nReggie Theus\n\nSG/PG\n\nChicago Bulls (1978–1984)Kansas City/Sacramento Kings (1984–1988)Atlanta Hawks (1988–1989)Orlando Magic (1989–1990)New Jersey Nets (1990–1991)\n\n6,453\n\n1,026\n\n6.3\n\n\n29\n\nNorm Nixon\n\nPG\n\nLos Angeles Lakers (1977–1983)San Diego/Los Angeles Clippers (1983–1986, 1989)\n\n6,386\n\n768\n\n8.3\n\n\n30\n\nKobe Bryant†\n\nSG\n\nLos Angeles Lakers (1996–2016)\n\n6,306\n\n1,346\n\n4.7\n\n\n31\n\nJerry West*\n\nPG\n\nLos Angeles Lakers (1960–1974)\n\n6,238\n\n932\n\n6.7\n\n\n32\n\nScottie Pippen*\n\nSF\n\nChicago Bulls (1987–1998, 2003–2004)Houston Rockets (1999)Portland Trail Blazers (1999–2003)\n\n6,135\n\n1,178\n\n5.2\n\n\n33\n\nClyde Drexler*\n\nSG\n\nPortland Trail Blazers (1983–1995)Houston Rockets (1995–1998)\n\n6,125\n\n1,086\n\n5.6\n\n\n34\n\nJohn Havlicek*\n\nSF/SG\n\nBoston Celtics (1962–1978)\n\n6,114\n\n1,270\n\n4.8\n\n\n35\n\nRussell Westbrook^\n\nPG\n\nOklahoma City Thunder (2008–present)\n\n6,113\n\n748\n\n8.2\n\n\n36\n\nBaron Davis\n\nPG\n\nCharlotte Hornets/New Orleans Hornets (1999–2005)Golden State Warriors (2005–2008)Los Angeles Clippers (2008–2011)Cleveland Cavaliers (2011)New York Knicks (2011–2012)\n\n6,025\n\n835\n\n7.2\n\n\n37\n\nMookie Blaylock\n\nPG\n\nNew Jersey Nets (1989–1992)Atlanta Hawks (1992–1999)Golden State Warriors (1999–2002)\n\n5,972\n\n889\n\n6.7\n\n\n38\n\nSam Cassell\n\nPG\n\nHouston Rockets (1993–1996)Phoenix Suns (1996)Dallas Mavericks (1996–1997)New Jersey Nets (1997–1999)Milwaukee Bucks (1999–2003)Minnesota Timberwolves (2003–2005)Los Angeles Clippers (2005–2008)Boston Celtics (2008)\n\n5,939\n\n993\n\n6.0\n\n\n39\n\nAvery Johnson\n\nPG\n\nSeattle SuperSonics (1988–1990)Denver Nuggets (1990, 2001–2002)San Antonio Spurs (1991, 1992–1993, 1994–2001)Houston Rockets (1992)Golden State Warriors (1993–1994, 2003–2004)Dallas Mavericks (2002–2003)\n\n5,846\n\n1,054\n\n5.5\n\n\n40\n\nNick Van Exel\n\nPG/SG\n\nLos Angeles Lakers (1993–1998)Denver Nuggets (1998–2002)Dallas Mavericks (2002–2003)Golden State Warriors (2003–2004)Portland Trail Blazers (2004–2005)San Antonio Spurs (2005–2006)\n\n5,777\n\n880\n\n6.6\n\n\n41\n\nLarry Bird*\n\nSF/PF\n\nBoston Celtics (1979–1992)\n\n5,695\n\n897\n\n6.3\n\n\n42\n\nKareem Abdul-Jabbar*[4]\n\nC\n\nMilwaukee Bucks (1969–1975)Los Angeles Lakers (1975–1989)\n\n5,660\n\n1,560\n\n3.6\n\n\n43\n\nChauncey Billups\n\nPG/SG\n\nBoston Celtics (1997–1998)Toronto Raptors (1998)Denver Nuggets (1999, 2008–2011)Minnesota Timberwolves (2000–2002)Detroit Pistons (2002–2008, 2013–2014)New York Knicks (2011)Los Angeles Clippers (2011–2013)\n\n5,636\n\n1,043\n\n5.4\n\n\n44\n\nMichael Jordan*\n\nSG\n\nChicago Bulls (1984–1993, 1995–1998)Washington Wizards (2001–2003)\n\n5,633\n\n1,072\n\n5.3\n\n\n45\n\nAllen Iverson*\n\nSG/PG\n\nPhiladelphia 76ers (1996–2006, 2009–2010)Denver Nuggets (2006–2008)Detroit Pistons (2008–2009)Memphis Grizzlies (2009)\n\n5,624\n\n914\n\n6.2\n\n\n46\n\nMike Bibby\n\nPG\n\nVancouver Grizzlies (1999–2001)Sacramento Kings (2001–2008)Atlanta Hawks (2008–2011)Washington Wizards (2011)Miami Heat (2011)New York Knicks (2011–2012)\n\n5,517\n\n1,001\n\n5.5\n\n\n47\n\nDennis Johnson*\n\nPG/SG\n\nSeattle SuperSonics (1976–1980)Phoenix Suns (1980–1983)Boston Celtics (1983–1990)\n\n5,499\n\n1,100\n\n5.0\n\n\n48\n\nKevin Garnett†\n\nPF/C\n\nMinnesota Timberwolves (1995–2007, 2015–2016)Boston Celtics (2007–2013)Brooklyn Nets (2013–2015)\n\n5,445\n\n1,462\n\n3.7\n\n\n49\n\nJason Terry^\n\nSG/PG\n\nAtlanta Hawks (1999–2004)Dallas Mavericks (2004–2012)Boston Celtics (2012–2013)Brooklyn Nets (2013–2014)Houston Rockets (2014–2016)Milwaukee Bucks (2016–2018)\n\n5,415\n\n1,410\n\n3.8\n\n\n50\n\nDwyane Wade^\n\nSG\n\nMiami Heat (2003–2016, 2018–present)Chicago Bulls (2016–2017) Cleveland Cavaliers (2017–2018)\n\n5,400\n\n982\n\n5.5\n" ]

[ "John Stockton" ]

[ "In photometry, luminous intensity is a measure of the wavelength-weighted power emitted by a light source in a particular direction per unit solid angle, based on the luminosity function, a standardized model of the sensitivity of the human eye. The SI unit of luminous intensity is the candela (cd), an SI base unit." ]

[ "candela" ]

[ "The Radcliffe Line was the boundary demarcation line between India and Pakistan published on 17 August 1947 upon the Partition of India. It was named after its architect, Sir Cyril Radcliffe, who, as chairman of the Border Commissions, was charged with equitably dividing 175,000 square miles (450,000 km2) of territory with 88 million people.[1] Today its western side still serves as the Indo-Pakistani border and the eastern side serves as the India-Bangladesh border." ]

[ "Sir Cyril Radcliffe," ]

[ "The Playboy Club was initially a chain of nightclubs and resorts owned and operated by Playboy Enterprises. The first club opened at 116 E. Walton Street in downtown Chicago, Illinois, United States, on February 29, 1960. Each club generally featured a Living Room, a Playmate Bar, a Dining Room, and a Club Room. Members and their guests were served food and drinks by Playboy Bunnies, some of whom were featured in Playboy magazine. The clubs offered name entertainers and comedians in the Club Rooms, and local musicians and the occasional close-up magician in the Living Rooms. Starting with the London and Jamaica club locations, the Playboy Club became international in scope. In 1991, the club chain became defunct. On October 6, 2006 a new club was opened in Las Vegas,[1] and in 2010 new clubs were opened as well in Macao[2] and Cancun.[3] In time the Las Vegas club closed on June 4, 2012,[4] the Macao club closed in 2013[5][6] and the Cancun club closed in 2014.[7][8] In May 2014 the Commerce Casino in Los Angeles opened a Playboy themed lounge consisting of gaming tables and Playboy Bunny cocktail waitresses.[9]" ]

[ "116 E. Walton Street" ]

[ "Silverside is a term used in the UK, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand for a cut of beef from the hindquarter of cattle, just above the leg cut.[1][2] It gets its name because of the \"silverwall\" on the side of the cut; this is a long fibrous \"skin\" of connective tissue, which has to be removed as it is too tough to eat. The primary muscle is the biceps femoris.\n" ]

[ "the hindquarter of cattle, just above the leg cut" ]

[ "Kaitlyn Dever (/ˈdiːvər/; born December 21, 1996)[1][2] is an American actress. She is known for her roles as Gwen Thompson in An American Girl: Chrissa Stands Strong, Loretta McCready in Justified, Eve Baxter in Last Man Standing, and Jayden Cole in Short Term 12." ]

[ "Kaitlyn Dever" ]

[ "The ninth season of the Australian competitive cooking competition show My Kitchen Rules premiered on the Seven Network on Monday 29 January 2018." ]

[ "Monday 29 January 2018" ]

[ "\nFollowing another beating, Celeste decides to leave Perry the day after trivia night. Ziggy confesses to Jane that it was Max who choked Amabella. Madeline talks to Joseph about his wife knowing about their affair. Jane tells Celeste that her son Max is the bully. When preparing to leave for trivia night, Perry sees a text message on Celeste's phone from the landlady of her new apartment. He confronts her on the way to the party, but is interrupted by Renata. At the party, Celeste tells Renata that Max is the bully. Meanwhile, a drunk Madeline runs away during Ed's singing performance. Jane goes after her and finds her atop stairs at the back of the venue. Madeline tells Jane that she cheated on Ed. Renata also goes after them and apologizes to Jane for having blamed Ziggy. Celeste joins the women, followed by Perry. Bonnie follows them and watches the group from afar. Jane sees Perry and realizes that he is the rapist. Perry pleads with Celeste to come back home with him and when she declines, he viciously attacks her. The group unsuccessfully fights Perry off until Bonnie rushes in and pushes him down the stairs, killing him. In police interviews, the women confirm that there was a fight with Perry but claim he fell accidentally. Despite Detective Quinlan's skepticism, the police accept their version. Later, the five women and their children lounge at the beach, where Detective Quinlan continues to watch them." ]

[ "Perry" ]

[ "\n\nArtist\nCountry / Market\nPeriod active\nRelease-year of first charted record\nGenre\nTotal certified units\n(from available markets)[b]\nClaimed sales\n\n\nLady Gaga\nUnited States\n2005–present[199]\n2008[199]\nPop / Dance / Electronic[199]\n7001972000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 97.2 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 66.5 million[11]\nJPN: 5.4 million[12][51]\nUK: 10.985 million[13]\nGER: 2.9 million[14]\nFRA: 1.58 million[16]\nCAN: 2.4 million[17]\nAUS: 2.890 million[18]\nITA: 815,000[b][20]\nBRA: 470,000[21]\nSWE: 680,000[22][56]\nSPA: 410,000[23]\nMEX: 390,000[41][97]\nSWI: 445,000[25]\nBEL: 270,000[27]\nDEN: 340,000[59][60][100]\nAUT: 182,500[31]\nPOL: 130,000[32]\nIRE: 165,000[101]\nNZ: 277,500[33][34]\n\n\n\n\n114 million[200]\n\n\nMetallica\nUnited States\n1981–present[201]\n1983[201]\nHeavy metal / Thrash metal[201]\n7001941000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 94.1 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 73.3 million[11]\nJPN: 900,000[b][12]\nUK: 3.335 million[13]\nGER: 3.425 million[14]\nFRA: 940,000[15][16]\nCAN: 3.805 million[17]\nAUS: 2.637 million[b][18][19][202]\nITA: 180,000[b][20]\nBRA: 380,000[b][21]\nSWE: 675,000[b][22]\nSPA: 420,000[23][40][57]\nMEX: 430,000[b][41][97]\nSWI: 560,000[b][25]\nBEL: 335,000[b][26][27]\nDEN: 180,000[60][59]\nARG: 770,000[28]\nAUT: 340,000[b][31]\nPOL: 735,000[b][32]\nFIN: 530,676[46]\nNZ: 315,000[33][34]\n\n\n\n\n110 million[203]\n\n\nKaty Perry\nUnited States\n2001–present[204]\n2008[204]\nPop[204]\n7002127000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 127 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 96.5 million[11]\nJPN: 300,000[12][51]\nUK: 11.750 million[13]\nGER: 2.750 million[14]\nFRA: 775,000[16]\nCAN: 5.8 million[17]\nAUS: 5.090 million[18]\nITA: 680,000[b][20]\nBRA: 625,000[21]\nSWE: 520,000[22][56]\nSPA: 180,000[23]\nMEX: 900,000[41][97]\nSWI: 160,000[25]\nBEL: 135,000[27]\nDEN: 235,000[58][60]\nAUT: 240,000[31]\nNZ: 360,000[33][34]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[205]\n\n\nJustin Bieber\nCanada\nUnited States\n2008–present[206]\n2009[206]\nPop / Teen pop, Dance pop[206]\n7002126200000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 126.5 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 86.5 million[11]\nJPN: 750,000 [12][51]\nUK: 14.785 million[13]\nGER: 3.1 million[14]\nFRA: 1.2[16]\nCAN: 4.620 million[17]\nAUS: 4.340 million[18]\nITA: 1.595 million[20]\nBRA: 810,000[21]\nSWE: 1.820 million[22][56]\nSPA: 860,000[23]\nMEX: 2.910 million[41][42][97]\nBEL: 435,000[27]\nDEN: 1.850 million[60]\nPOL: 370,000[32]\nNZ: 600,000[33]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[207]\n\n\nAdele\nUnited Kingdom\n2006–present[208]\n2008[208]\nPop, soul[208]\n7002104500000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 104.5 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 61 million[11]\nJPN: 100,000[12]\nUK: 20.550 million[13]\nGER: 4.7 million[14]\nCAN: 6.040 million[17]\nAUS: 3.955 million[18]\nITA: 1.545 million[b][20]\nBRA: 1.310 million[21]\nSWE: 240,000[22][56]\nSPA: 800,000[23]\nMEX: 1.490 million[41][42]\nSWI: 510,000[25]\nBEL: 795,000[27]\nDEN: 522,500[58][60]\nPOL: 300,000[b][32]\nFIN: 151,639[46]\nNZ: 577,500[33]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[209]\n\n\nJay Z\nUnited States\n1996–present[210]\n1996[210]\nHip-hop[210]\n7001961000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 96.1 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 80.7 million[11]\nJPN: 1.050 million[51]\nUK: 9.320 million[13]\nGER: 1.550 million[14]\nFRA: 400,000[16]\nCAN: 1.6 million[17]\nAUS: 1.260[18]\nITA: 180,000[b][20]\nSWE: 130,000[22][56]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[211]\n\n\nBon Jovi\nUnited States\n1983–present[212]\n1983[212]\nHard rock / Glam metal[212]\n7001838000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 83.8 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 49.9 million[11]\nJPN: 4.400 million[b][12][51]\nUK: 9.290 million[13]\nGER: 5.650 million[14]\nFRA: 825,000[15][16][52]\nCAN: 4.735 million[17]\nAUS: 3.030 million[b][18][213][214]\nITA: 110,000[b][20]\nBRA: 435,000[b][21]\nSWE: 365,000[b][22][56]\nSPA: 1.620 million[23][24][39][40][57]\nMEX: 250,000[b][41]\nSWI: 1.275 million[b][25]\nAUT: 725,000[b][31]\nBEL: 165,000[b][26][27]\nARG: 350,000[28]\nPOL: 110,000[b][32]\nFIN: 422,500[46]\nNZ: 210,000[33][34]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[215]\n\n\nLil Wayne\nUnited States\n1996–present[216]\n1999[216]\nHip-hop[216]\n7001799000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 79.9 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 77.7 million[11]\nUK: 1.460 million[13]\nCAN: 280,000[17]\nAUS: 525,000[18]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[217]\n\n\nLinkin Park\nUnited States\n1996–present[218]\n2000[218]\nAlternative rock / Nu metal / Rap rock[218]\n7001787000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 78.7 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 58.6 million[11]\nJPN: 1.550 million[12][51]\nUK: 5.945 million[13]\nGER: 5.750 million[14]\nFRA: 1.025[16]\nCAN: 1.330 million[17]\nAUS: 1.450 million[18]\nITA: 430,000[b][20]\nBRA: 595,000[21]\nSWE: 165,000[22][56]\nSPA: 175,000[23]\nMEX: 225,000[41]\nSWI: 425,000[25]\nBEL: 140,000[27]\nDEN: 125,000[58][60]\nAUT: 252,500[31]\nPOL: 220,000[32]\nFIN: 120,469[46]\nNZ: 252,500[33][34]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[219]\n\n\nBritney Spears\nUnited States\n1998–present[220]\n1998[220]\nPop / Dance / Dance-pop[220]\n7001785000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 78.5 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 44.2 million[11]\nJPN: 2.1 million[12][129]\nUK: 10.150 million[13]\nGER: 5.050 million[14]\nFRA: 3.732 million[15][16][52]\nCAN: 3.680 million[17]\nAUS: 3.130 million[18]\nITA: 175,000[b][20]\nBRA: 380,000[21]\nSWE: 1.010 million[22][56]\nSPA: 990,000[23][40][57]\nMEX: 1.175 million[b][41]\nSWI: 485,000[25]\nAUT: 365,000[31]\nBEL: 935,000[26][27]\nARG: 240,000[28]\nDEN: 187,500[b][58][59][221][222]\nPOL: 210,000[32]\nFIN: 143,627[46]\nNZ: 240,000[33][34]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[223]\n\n\nBeyoncé\nUnited States\n1997–present[224]\n2002[224][225]\nR&B / Pop[224]\n7001780000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 78 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 53.650 million[11]\nJPN: 1.7 million [12][51]\nUK: 13.685 million[13]\nGER: 1.550 million[14]\nFRA: 560,000[16][82]\nCAN: 1.395 million[17]\nAUS: 2.905 million[18]\nITA: 260,000[b][20]\nBRA: 390,000[21]\nSPA: 1.010 million[b][23][226]\nMEX: 110,000[41]\nSWI: 165,000[25]\nBEL: 115,000[27]\nDEN: 230,000[59][60][68][100][227][228]\nPOL: 100,000[32]\nNZ: 210,000[33][34]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[229]\n\n\nRod Stewart\nUnited Kingdom\n1964–present[230]\n1969[230]\nRock / Pop[230]\n7001778000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 77.8 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 43.650 million[11]\nJPN: 450,000[b][12]\nUK: 18.330 million[b][13]\nGER: 3.8 million[b][14]\nFRA: 1.8 million[b][15][16][52]\nCAN: 4.055 million[b][17]\nAUS: 2.610 million[b][18][19]\nBRA: 980,000[b][21]\nSWE: 440,000[b][22]\nSPA: 290,000[b][23][24][39]\nSWI: 100,000[b][25]\nARG: 500,000[b][28]\nAUT: 100,000[b][31]\nPOL: 220,000[b][32]\nIRE: 195,000[b][101]\nNZ: 280,000[b][33][34]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[231]\n\n\nFleetwood Mac\nUnited Kingdom\nUnited States\n1967–present[232]\n1968[232]\nRock / Pop[232]\n7001761009999900000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 76.1 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 51.250 million[11]\nUK: 13.585 million[b][13]\nGER: 3.5 million[b][14]\nFRA: 800,000[b][15][16]\nAUS: 2.767 million[b][18][19]\nCAN: 2.950 million[b][17]\nSPA: 300,000[b][40][57]\nSWI: 100,000[b][25]\nBEL: 100,000[b][27]\nNZ: 572,500[b][34][233][234]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[235]\n\n\nGuns N' Roses\nUnited States\n1985–present[236]\n1987[236]\nHard rock / Heavy metal[236]\n7001737000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 73.7 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 48.5 million[11]\nJPN: 1.7 million[b][12]\nUK: 5.850 million[13]\nGER: 4.1 million[14]\nFRA: 1 million[16]\nCAN: 3.520 million[17]\nAUS: 2.410[b][18][19][164]\nITA: 685,000[b][20]\nBRA: 1.9 million[b][21]\nSWE: 485,000[22]\nSPA: 450,000[23][24][39]\nMEX: 760,000[b][41]\nSWI: 365,000[b][25]\nBEL: 165,000[b][26][27]\nARG: 1.080 million[b][28]\nAUT: 365,000[31]\nIRE: 105,000[b][101]\nNZ: 270,000[33][34]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[237]\n\n\nGeorge Strait\nUnited States\n1981–present[238]\n1984[238]\nCountry[238]\n7001728000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 72.8 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 72.150 million[11]\nCAN: 705,000[17]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[239]\n\n\nBackstreet Boys\nUnited States\n1993–present[240]\n1995[240]\nPop[240]\n7001720000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 72 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 41.5 million[11]\nJPN: 5.4 million[12][51][241]\nUK: 4.835 million[13]\nGER: 7 million[14]\nFRA: 325,000[15][16]\nCAN: 3.430 million[17]\nAUS: 1.4 million[b][18]\nBRA: 1.625 million[21]\nSWE: 655,000[22]\nSPA: 1.850 million[40][57]\nMEX: 1.475 million[b][41]\nSWI: 415,000[25]\nBEL: 425,000[b][26][27]\nARG: 740,000[28]\nAUT: 325,000[31]\nPOL: 300,000[32]\nFIN: 171,390[46]\nNZ: 132,500[33]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[242]\n\n\nNeil Diamond\nUnited States\n1966–present[243]\n1966[243]\nPop / Rock[243]\n7001683000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 68.3 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 55.9 million[11]\nUK: 7.130 million[b][13]\nGER: 1 million[b][14]\nFRA: 400,000[b][15]\nCAN: 1.725 million[b][17]\nAUS: 1.945 million[b][18]\nSPA: 100,000[b][39]\nNZ: 127,500[b][33][34]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[244]\n\n\nPrince\nUnited States\n1976–2016[245]\n1978[245]\nFunk / R&B / Pop / Soul / Rock[245]\n7001642000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 64.2 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 48.950 million[11]\nJPN: 300,000[b][12]\nUK: 7.045 million[13]\nGER: 2.4 million[14]\nFRA: 2.110 million[15][16]\nCAN: 1 million[17]\nAUS: 1.120[b][18][19]\nSWE: 100,000[22]\nSPA: 700,000[b][24][39][40][57]\nSWI: 250,000[b][25]\nAUT: 125,000[b][31]\nNZ: 177,500[b][33]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[246]\n\n\nPaul McCartney\nUnited Kingdom\n1960–present[247]\n1970[247]\nRock[247]\n7001606000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 60.6 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 41.450 million[11]\nJPN: 500,000[b][12]\nUK: 12.365 million[b][13]\nGER: 1.525 million[b][14]\nFRA: 1.305 million[b][15][16][52]\nCAN: 1.955 million[b][17]\nAUS: 465,000[b][18][19]\nSWE: 210,000[b][56][248]\nSPA: 640,000[b][24][39]\nDEN: 210,000[b][59][249]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[250]\n\n\nKenny Rogers\nUnited States\n1958–present[251]\n1975[251]\nCountry / Pop[251]\n7001589000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 58.9 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 51.550 million[11]\nJPN: 100,000[b][252]\nUK: 2.520 million[13]\nCAN: 4.6 million[17]\nAUS: 100,000[b][253][254]\nSPA: 100,000[b][39]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[255]\n\n\nJanet Jackson\nUnited States\n1982–present[256]\n1982[256]\nR&B / Pop[256]\n7001521000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 52.1 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 39.750 million[11]\nJPN: 1.6 million [b][12]\nUK: 4.760 million[13]\nGER: 1.4 million[14]\nFRA: 1.475 million[15][16][52]\nCAN: 1.460 million[17]\nAUS: 1.155[b][18][19]\nSWE: 105,000[b][22]\nSPA: 150,000[40][57]\nSWI: 170,000[b][25]\nBEL: 125,000[b][26]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[257]\n\n\nJulio Iglesias\nSpain\n1968–present[258]\n1968[258]\nLatin[258]\n7001510000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 51 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 11 million[11]\nJPN: 800,000[b][259]\nUK: 1.620 million[b][13][259]\nGER: 250,000[b][14]\nFRA: 6.1 million[15][16][52][259]\nCAN: 1.5 million[17]\nAUS: 540,000[b][18][259]\nITA: 400,000[b][20][259]\nNLD:950,000[b][259]\nBRA: 12.475 million[b][21][259]\nSWE: 290,000[b][22][259]\nSPA: 8.7 million[b][23][24][39][40][57][259]\nMEX: 2.975 million[b][41][259]\nBEL: 125,000[b][259]\nARG: 3.220 million[b][28][259]\nFIN: 131,636[b][46]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[260]\n\n\nChicago\nUnited States\n1967–present[261]\n1969[261]\nRock / Pop[261]\n7001483000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 48.3 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 44.150 million[11]\nJPN: 400,000[b][12][262]\nUK: 1.490 million[b][13]\nGER: 250,000[b][14]\nFRA: 100,000[b][15]\nCAN: 1.865 million[17]\nSPA: 100,000[b][24]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[263]\n\n\nThe Carpenters\nUnited States\n1969–1983[264]\n1969[264]\nPop[264]\n7001460000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 46 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 34.6 million[11]\nJPN: 2.9 million[b][12][114][265]\nUK: 7.950 million[b][13]\nGER: 250,000[b][14]\nCAN: 275,000[b][17]\nBRA: 100,000[b][21]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[266]\n\n\nBob Dylan\nUnited States\n1959–present[267]\n1963[267]\nFolk / Rock[267]\n7001451000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 45.1 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 35.6 million[11]\nUK: 5.825 million[b][13]\nGER: 625,000[b][14]\nFRA: 800,000[b][15][16]\nCAN: 1.5 million[b][17]\nAUS: 480,000[b][18]\nSWI: 175,000[b][25]\nNZ: 105,000[b][33]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[268]\n\n\nDire Straits\nUnited Kingdom\n1977–1995[269]\n1978[269]\nRock [269]\n7001447000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 44.7 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 15.5 million[11]\nUK: 11.1 million[13]\nGER: 3.750 million[14]\nFRA: 5.3 million[15][16]\nCAN: 2.575 million[17]\nAUS: 2.190 million[b][18][19]\nITA: 385,000[b][20]\nBRA: 175,000[b][21]\nSWE: 360,000[b][22]\nSPA: 1.380 million[b][23][24][39][40]\nSWI: 1 million[b][25]\nBEL: 100,000[b][26][27]\nAUT: 300,000[b][31]\nFIN: 471,530[46]\nNZ: 155,000[b][34]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[270]\n\n\nBryan Adams\nCanada\n1979–present[271]\n1979[271]\nRock[271]\n7001445000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 44.5 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 21 million[11]\nJPN: 600,000[b][12]\nUK: 8.675 million[13]\nGER: 3.850 million[14]\nFRA: 650,000[15][16][52]\nCAN: 5.120 million[17]\nAUS: 2.010 million[b][18][272]\nBRA: 100,000[b][21]\nSWE: 440,000[b][22]\nSPA: 450,000 [b][24][40][57]\nSWI: 805,000[b][25]\nBEL: 250,000[b][26][27]\nAUT: 375,000[b][31]\nFIN: 183,444[46]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[273]\n\n\nDef Leppard\nUnited Kingdom\n1977–present[274]\n1979[274]\nHard rock / Heavy metal[274]\n7001416000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 41.6 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 35.650 million[11]\nJPN: 300,000[b][12]\nUK: 1.660 million[13]\nFRA: 200,000[15]\nCAN: 2.995 million[17]\nAUS: 385,000[19][275]\nSWE: 150,000[b][22]\nMEX: 200,000[b][41]\nSWI: 125,000[b][25]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[276]\n\n\nCher\nUnited States\n1964–present[277]\n1965[277]\nPop / Rock / Dance / Folk[277]\n7001404000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 40.4 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 21.9 million[11]\nJPN: 100,000[b][12]\nUK: 6.450 million[b][13]\nGER: 4.175 million[b][14]\nFRA: 1.525 million[b][16][52]\nCAN: 1.340 million[b][17]\nAUS: 1.530 million[b][18][278]\nITA: 300,000[b][279]\nBRA: 125,000[b][21]\nSWE: 850,000[b][22][56]\nSPA: 600,000[b][40][57][279]\nMEX: 200,000[b][41]\nSWI: 295,000[b][25]\nBEL: 275,000[b][26]\nDEN: 300,000[b][279][280]\nAUT: 250,000[b][31]\nPOL: 100,000[b][32]\nNZ: 150,000[33][281]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[282]\n\n\nLionel Richie\nUnited States\n1968–present[283]\n1981[283]\nPop / R&B[283]\n7001402000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 40.2 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 28.650 million[11]\nUK: 6.155 million[b][13]\nGER: 1.050 million[b][14]\nFRA: 1.4 million[b][15][16]\nCAN: 2.380 million[b][17]\nAUS: 260,000[b][18][284]\nBRA: 100,000[b][21]\nSPA: 150,000[24][39]\nSWI: 145,000[b][25]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[285]\n\n\nGenesis\nUnited Kingdom\n1967–1999\n2006–present[286]\n1969[286]\nProgressive rock / Pop rock[286]\n7001399000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 39.9 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 21.650 million[11]\nJPN: 100,000[b][12]\nUK: 7.325 million[b][13]\nGER: 5.875 million[b][14]\nFRA: 3.460 million[b][15][16]\nCAN: 805,000[b][17]\nSWE: 100,000[b][22]\nSPA: 250,000[b][23][24][39]\nSWI: 400,000[b][25]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[287]\n\n\nJames Taylor\nUnited States\n1968–present[288]\n1970[288]\nRock / Pop[288]\n7001355000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 35.5 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 34.650 million[11]\nUK: 655,000[b][13]\nCAN: 100,000[b][17]\nAUS: 100,000[b][18]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[289]\n\n\nOlivia Newton-John\nAustralia\n1966–present[290]\n1966[290]\nPop[290]\n7001346000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 34.6 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 27 million[11]\nJPN: 100,000[b][12]\nUK: 3.950 million[b][13]\nGER: 250,000[b][14]\nCAN: 3.025 million[b][17]\nAUS: 310,000[b][18][19]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[291]\n\n\nStevie Wonder\nUnited States\n1961–present[292]\n1962[292]\nFunk / R&B / Soul[292]\n7001346000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 34.6 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 21.650 million[11]\nJPN: 1.050 million[b][12]\nUK: 8.285 million[b][13]\nGER: 500,000[b][14]\nFRA: 1.4 million[b][15][52]\nCAN: 1.550 million[17]\nSPA: 250,000[b][39]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[293]\n\n\nTina Turner\nUnited States\n1955–present[294]\n1975[294]\nRock / Pop[294]\n7001328009999900000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 32.8 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 12.7 million[11]\nUK: 8.145 million[13]\nGER: 6.050 million[14]\nFRA: 1.135 million[15][16][52]\nCAN: 1.560 million[17]\nAUS: 480,000[b][18][19]\nSWE: 330,000[b][22]\nSPA: 700,000[b][23][24][39][40]\nSWI: 565,000[b][25]\nBEL: 190,000[b][26][27]\nAUT: 630,000[b][31]\nPOL: 120,000[b][32]\nFIN: 241,954[46]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[295]\n\n\nLinda Ronstadt\nUnited States\n1967–present[296]\n1968[296]\nRock / Folk / Country[296]\n7001325000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 32.5 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 31.5 million[11]\nUK: 435,000[b][13]\nFRA: 100,000[b][15]\nCAN: 500,000[b][17]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[297]\n\n\nDonna Summer\nUnited States\n1968–2012[298]\n1974[298]\nPop / Disco / R&B[298]\n7001308000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 30.8 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 24.5 million[11]\nUK: 3.735 million[b][13]\nFRA: 900,000[b][15][16]\nCAN: 1.550 million[b][17]\nBRA: 100,000[b][21]\nSPA: 100,000[b][40]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[299]\n\n\nThe Beach Boys\nUnited States\n1961–present[300]\n1962[300]\nRock / Pop / Surf Rock[300]\n7001305000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 30.5 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 25.6 million[11]\nUK: 3.410 million[b][13]\nGER: 250,000[b][14]\nFRA: 400,000[b][15][16][52]\nCAN: 100,000[b][17]\nAUS: 492,500[b][18][19]\nSPA: 250,000[b][39][40]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[301]\n\n\nDavid Bowie\nUnited Kingdom\n1962–2016[302]\n1967[302]\nArt rock / Glam rock / Pop[302]\n7001296000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 29.6 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 11.7 million[11]\nJPN: 200,000[b][12]\nUK: 11.445 million[b][13]\nGER: 525,000[b][14]\nFRA: 2.380 million[b][15][16][52]\nCAN: 2.215 million[b][17]\nAUS: 565,000[b][18]\nITA: 320,000[b][20]\nSPA: 170,000[b][23][24][39]\nNZ: 142,500[b][33]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[303]\n\n\nThe Who\nUnited Kingdom\n1964–present[304]\n1965[304]\nRock / Hard rock[304]\n7001269000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 26.9 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 22.150 million[11]\nUK: 3.905 million[b][13]\nFRA: 300,000[b][15]\nCAN: 425,000[b][17]\nITA: 125,000[b][20]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[305]\n\n\nBarry White\nUnited States\n1972–2003[306]\n1973[306]\nR&B / Soul[306]\n7001217000000000000♠\n\n\nTotal available certified units: 21.7 million [show]\n\n\nUS: 16.5 million[11]\nUK: 3.665 million[b][13]\nFRA: 1.1 million[b][15][16]\nCAN: 150,000[b][17]\nSPA: 200,000[b][57]\nBEL: 150,000[b][27]\n\n\n\n\n100 million[307]\n\n" ]

[ "Linkin Park" ]

[ "Most seat belt laws in the United States are left to the states. However, the first seat belt law was a federal law, Title 49 of the United States Code, Chapter 301, Motor Vehicle Safety Standard, which took effect on January 1, 1968, that required all vehicles (except buses) to be fitted with seat belts in all designated seating positions.[1] This law has since been modified to require three-point seat belts in outboard-seating positions, and finally three-point seat belts in all seating positions.[2] Initially, seat belt use was voluntary. New York was the first state to pass a law which required vehicle occupants to wear seat belts, a law that came into effect on December 1, 1984. Officer Nicholas Cimmino of the Westchester County Department of Public Safety wrote the nations first ticket for such violation." ]

[ "January 1, 1968" ]

[ "Jeff Jimerson is a Pittsburgh-based singer, best known as the national anthem singer for the Pittsburgh Penguins for over two decades.[1][2][3] He also performs with Airborne,[4] a Pittsburgh-based band.[5][6]" ]

[ "Jeff Jimerson" ]

[ "\n\nType (criteria)\nSite\nLocation\nDescription\nImage\nYear\nRef\n\n\nCultural: (ii)(iv)\nBaroque Churches of the Philippines\nPaoay Church in Ilocos Norte\nThe Church of San Agustín at Paoay is the most outstanding example in the Philippines of 'Earthquake Baroque'. Fourteen buttresses are ranged along the lines of a giant volute supporting a smaller one and surmounted by pyramidal finials. A pair of buttresses at the midpoint of each nave wall have stairways for access to the roof. The lower part of the apse and most of the walls are constructed of coral stone blocks, the upper levels being finished in brick, but this order is reversed on the facade. The massive coral stone bell tower, which was added half a century after the church was completed, stands at some distance from the church, again as a protection against damage during earthquakes.\n\n1993\n[1]\n\n\nSanta Maria Church in Ilocos Sur\nUnlike other town churches in the Philippines, which conform to the Spanish tradition of sitting them on the central plaza, the Church of Nuestra Señora de la Asuncion in Santa Maria with its convento are on a hill surrounded by a defensive wall. Also unusual are the sitting of the convento parallel to the facade of the church and that of the separate bell tower (characteristic of Philippine-Hispanic architecture) at the midpoint of the nave wall. This was dictated by the hill on which it is located. The brick church follows the standard Philippine layout, with a monumental facade masking a straight roof-line covering a long rectangular building. It is alleged to be built on a solid raft as a precaution against earthquake damage. The walls are devoid of ornament but have delicately carved side entrances and strong buttresses.\n\n\n\nMiagao Church in Iloilo\nThe Church of Santo Tomas de Villanueva stands on the highest point of Miagao, its towers serving as lookouts against Muslim raids. It is the finest surviving example of 'Fortress Baroque'. The sumptuous facade epitomizes the Filipino transfiguration of western decorative elements, with the figure of Saint Christopher on the pediment dressed in native clothes, carrying the Christ Child on his back, and holding on to a coconut palm for support. The entire riotously decorated facade is flanked by massive tapering bell towers of unequal heights.\n\n\n\nSan Agustin Church in Manila\nThe Church of the Immaculate Conception of San Agustín was the first church built on the island of Luzon in 1571, immediately after the Spanish conquest of Manila. A site within the district of Intramuros was assigned to the Augustinian Order, the first to evangelize in the Philippines. In 1587 the impermanent earliest building in wood and palm fronds was replaced by a stone church and monastery in stone, the latter becoming the Augustinian mother house in the Philippines. It was the only structure in Intramuros to survive the liberation of Manila in 1945. Miag-ao became an independent parish in 1731, when a simple church and convento were built. However, destruction of the town by Muslim pirates in 1741 and 1754 led to the town being rebuilt in a more secure location. The new church, constructed in 1787–97, was built as a fortress, to withstand further incursions. It was, however, damaged severely by fire during the revolution against Spain in 1898 and in the Second World War. Two bell towers were added in 1854, but the northern one cracked in the 1880 earthquake and had to be demolished. In the interior of the church the wall paintings date from the 19th century, but they overlie the original tempera murals. As a result, the church was richly endowed, with a fine retablo, pulpit, lectern and choir-stalls. Of special interest is the series of crypto-collateral chapels lining both sides of the nave. The walls separating them act as buttresses. The stone barrel vault, dome, and arched vestibule are all unique in the Philippines. A monastery complex was formerly linked to the church by a series of cloisters, arcades, courtyards and gardens, but all except one building were destroyed in 1945.\n\n\n\nCultural: (ii)(iv)\nHistoric Town of Vigan\nIlocos Sur\nEstablished in the 16th century, Vigan is the best-preserved example of a planned Spanish colonial town in Asia. Its architecture reflects the coming together of cultural elements from elsewhere in the Philippines, from China and from Europe, resulting in a culture and townscape that have no parallel anywhere in East and South-East Asia. Vigan is an exceptionally intact and well-preserved example of a European trading town in East and South-East Asia. The architecture is truly reflective of its roots in both materials and design, in its fusion of Asian building design and construction with European colonial architecture and planning. The town is located in the delta of the Abra River, off the coastal plain of the China Sea, close to the north-east tip of the island of Luzon. The present-day municipality divided into nine urban districts and thirty rural villages. Almost half the total area is still in use for agriculture. The Historic Core Zone is defined on two sides by the Govantes and Mestizo rivers.\n\n1999\n[2]\n\n\nNatural: (x)\nMount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary\nDavao Oriental\nForming a north-south running mountain ridge along the Pujada Peninsula in the southeastern part of the Eastern Mindanao Biodiversity Corridor, the Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary has an elevation range of 75–1,637 m above sea level, and provides critical habitat for a range of plant and animal species. The property showcases terrestrial and aquatic habitats and the species that they host at a series of different elevations are responding to highly dissimilar soil and climate conditions. The Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary provides a sanctuary to a host of globally threatened and endemic flora and fauna species, eight of which are found nowhere else except Mount Hamiguitan. These include critically endangered trees, plants and the iconic Philippine Eagle and Philippine Cockatoo.\n\n2014\n[3][4]\n\n\nNatural: (vii)(x)\nPuerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park\nPalawan\nThe site of the Puerto-Princesa Subterranean River National Park is located in the Saint Paul Mountain Range. It is north-west of Puerto Princesa, the capital of Palawan Province. The topography varies from flat plains to rolling hinterlands and hills to mountain peaks. Over 90% of the park comprises sharp, karst limestone ridges around Mount Saint Paul, which is itself part of a series of rounded, limestone peaks aligned on a north-south axis, along the western coast of Palawan. The focus of the area is a spectacular karst landscape which features both surface karst features (pinnacles, shafts, dolines and limestone cliffs), as well as an extensive underground river system. The subterranean river is 8.2 kilometres (5.1 mi) long, one of the most unusual of its type in the world and includes many speleotherms, several large chambers exist, up to 120 metres (390 ft) wide and 60 metres (200 ft) high. A distinguishing feature of the river is the fact that it emerges directly into the sea, and that the lower portion of the river is brackish and subject to tidal influences. The underground river (the Cabayugan River) arises approximately 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) south-west of Mount Saint Paul at an altitude of 100 metres (330 ft), and flows underground for almost its entire length to an outflow into Saint Paul's Bay. All rivers and associated tributaries are within the park, which is important in relation to catchments impacts on the water quality of the Cabayugan River. It has been declared as one of the New7Wonders of Nature.\n\n1999\n[5]\n\n\nCultural: (iii)(iv)(v)\nRice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras: Batad Rice Terraces, Bangaan Rice Terraces (both in Banaue), Mayoyao Rice Terraces (in Mayoyao), Hungduan Rice Terraces (in Hungduan) and Nagacadan Rice Terraces (in Kiangan)\nIfugao\nFor 2,000 years, the high rice fields of the Ifugao have followed the contours of the mountains. The fruit of knowledge handed down from one generation to the next, and the expression of sacred traditions and a delicate social balance, they have helped to create a landscape of great beauty that expresses the harmony between humankind and the environment. The rice terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras are living cultural landscapes devoted to the production of one of the world's most important staple crops, rice. They preserve traditional techniques and forms dating back many centuries, still viable today. At the same time they illustrate a remarkable degree of harmony between humankind and the natural environment of great aesthetic appeal, as well as demonstrating sustainable farming systems in mountainous terrain, based on a careful use of natural resources. They are the only monuments in the Philippines that show no evidence of having been influenced by colonial cultures. Owing to the difficult terrain, the Cordillera tribes are among the few peoples of the Philippines who have successfully resisted foreign domination and preserved their authentic tribal culture. The history of the terraces is intertwined with that of its people, their culture, and their traditional practices.\n\n1995\n[6]\n\n\nNatural: (vii)(ix)(x)\nTubbataha Reefs Natural Park\nSulu Sea\nTubbataha Reefs Natural Park lies in a unique position in the centre of the Sulu Sea, and includes the Tubbataha and Jessie Beazley Reefs. It protects an area of almost 100,000 hectares (250,000 acres) of high quality marine habitats containing three atolls and a large area of deep sea. The property is home to a great diversity of marine life. Whales, dolphins, sharks, turtles and Napoleon wrasse are among the key species found here. The reef ecosystems support over 350 species of coral and almost 500 species of fish. The reserve also protects one of the few remaining colonies of breeding seabirds in the region.\n\n1993\n[7]\n\n", "\n\nType (criteria)\nSite\nLocation\nDescription\nImage\nYear\nRef\n\n\nCultural: (ii)(iv)\nBaroque Churches of the Philippines\nPaoay Church in Ilocos Norte\nThe Church of San Agustín at Paoay is the most outstanding example in the Philippines of 'Earthquake Baroque'. Fourteen buttresses are ranged along the lines of a giant volute supporting a smaller one and surmounted by pyramidal finials. A pair of buttresses at the midpoint of each nave wall have stairways for access to the roof. The lower part of the apse and most of the walls are constructed of coral stone blocks, the upper levels being finished in brick, but this order is reversed on the facade. The massive coral stone bell tower, which was added half a century after the church was completed, stands at some distance from the church, again as a protection against damage during earthquakes.\n\n1993\n[1]\n\n\nSanta Maria Church in Ilocos Sur\nUnlike other town churches in the Philippines, which conform to the Spanish tradition of sitting them on the central plaza, the Church of Nuestra Señora de la Asuncion in Santa Maria with its convento are on a hill surrounded by a defensive wall. Also unusual are the sitting of the convento parallel to the facade of the church and that of the separate bell tower (characteristic of Philippine-Hispanic architecture) at the midpoint of the nave wall. This was dictated by the hill on which it is located. The brick church follows the standard Philippine layout, with a monumental facade masking a straight roof-line covering a long rectangular building. It is alleged to be built on a solid raft as a precaution against earthquake damage. The walls are devoid of ornament but have delicately carved side entrances and strong buttresses.\n\n\n\nMiagao Church in Iloilo\nThe Church of Santo Tomas de Villanueva stands on the highest point of Miagao, its towers serving as lookouts against Muslim raids. It is the finest surviving example of 'Fortress Baroque'. The sumptuous facade epitomizes the Filipino transfiguration of western decorative elements, with the figure of Saint Christopher on the pediment dressed in native clothes, carrying the Christ Child on his back, and holding on to a coconut palm for support. The entire riotously decorated facade is flanked by massive tapering bell towers of unequal heights.\n\n\n\nSan Agustin Church in Manila\nThe Church of the Immaculate Conception of San Agustín was the first church built on the island of Luzon in 1571, immediately after the Spanish conquest of Manila. A site within the district of Intramuros was assigned to the Augustinian Order, the first to evangelize in the Philippines. In 1587 the impermanent earliest building in wood and palm fronds was replaced by a stone church and monastery in stone, the latter becoming the Augustinian mother house in the Philippines. It was the only structure in Intramuros to survive the liberation of Manila in 1945. Miag-ao became an independent parish in 1731, when a simple church and convento were built. However, destruction of the town by Muslim pirates in 1741 and 1754 led to the town being rebuilt in a more secure location. The new church, constructed in 1787–97, was built as a fortress, to withstand further incursions. It was, however, damaged severely by fire during the revolution against Spain in 1898 and in the Second World War. Two bell towers were added in 1854, but the northern one cracked in the 1880 earthquake and had to be demolished. In the interior of the church the wall paintings date from the 19th century, but they overlie the original tempera murals. As a result, the church was richly endowed, with a fine retablo, pulpit, lectern and choir-stalls. Of special interest is the series of crypto-collateral chapels lining both sides of the nave. The walls separating them act as buttresses. The stone barrel vault, dome, and arched vestibule are all unique in the Philippines. A monastery complex was formerly linked to the church by a series of cloisters, arcades, courtyards and gardens, but all except one building were destroyed in 1945.\n\n\n\nCultural: (ii)(iv)\nHistoric Town of Vigan\nIlocos Sur\nEstablished in the 16th century, Vigan is the best-preserved example of a planned Spanish colonial town in Asia. Its architecture reflects the coming together of cultural elements from elsewhere in the Philippines, from China and from Europe, resulting in a culture and townscape that have no parallel anywhere in East and South-East Asia. Vigan is an exceptionally intact and well-preserved example of a European trading town in East and South-East Asia. The architecture is truly reflective of its roots in both materials and design, in its fusion of Asian building design and construction with European colonial architecture and planning. The town is located in the delta of the Abra River, off the coastal plain of the China Sea, close to the north-east tip of the island of Luzon. The present-day municipality divided into nine urban districts and thirty rural villages. Almost half the total area is still in use for agriculture. The Historic Core Zone is defined on two sides by the Govantes and Mestizo rivers.\n\n1999\n[2]\n\n\nNatural: (x)\nMount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary\nDavao Oriental\nForming a north-south running mountain ridge along the Pujada Peninsula in the southeastern part of the Eastern Mindanao Biodiversity Corridor, the Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary has an elevation range of 75–1,637 m above sea level, and provides critical habitat for a range of plant and animal species. The property showcases terrestrial and aquatic habitats and the species that they host at a series of different elevations are responding to highly dissimilar soil and climate conditions. The Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary provides a sanctuary to a host of globally threatened and endemic flora and fauna species, eight of which are found nowhere else except Mount Hamiguitan. These include critically endangered trees, plants and the iconic Philippine Eagle and Philippine Cockatoo.\n\n2014\n[3][4]\n\n\nNatural: (vii)(x)\nPuerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park\nPalawan\nThe site of the Puerto-Princesa Subterranean River National Park is located in the Saint Paul Mountain Range. It is north-west of Puerto Princesa, the capital of Palawan Province. The topography varies from flat plains to rolling hinterlands and hills to mountain peaks. Over 90% of the park comprises sharp, karst limestone ridges around Mount Saint Paul, which is itself part of a series of rounded, limestone peaks aligned on a north-south axis, along the western coast of Palawan. The focus of the area is a spectacular karst landscape which features both surface karst features (pinnacles, shafts, dolines and limestone cliffs), as well as an extensive underground river system. The subterranean river is 8.2 kilometres (5.1 mi) long, one of the most unusual of its type in the world and includes many speleotherms, several large chambers exist, up to 120 metres (390 ft) wide and 60 metres (200 ft) high. A distinguishing feature of the river is the fact that it emerges directly into the sea, and that the lower portion of the river is brackish and subject to tidal influences. The underground river (the Cabayugan River) arises approximately 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) south-west of Mount Saint Paul at an altitude of 100 metres (330 ft), and flows underground for almost its entire length to an outflow into Saint Paul's Bay. All rivers and associated tributaries are within the park, which is important in relation to catchments impacts on the water quality of the Cabayugan River. It has been declared as one of the New7Wonders of Nature.\n\n1999\n[5]\n\n\nCultural: (iii)(iv)(v)\nRice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras: Batad Rice Terraces, Bangaan Rice Terraces (both in Banaue), Mayoyao Rice Terraces (in Mayoyao), Hungduan Rice Terraces (in Hungduan) and Nagacadan Rice Terraces (in Kiangan)\nIfugao\nFor 2,000 years, the high rice fields of the Ifugao have followed the contours of the mountains. The fruit of knowledge handed down from one generation to the next, and the expression of sacred traditions and a delicate social balance, they have helped to create a landscape of great beauty that expresses the harmony between humankind and the environment. The rice terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras are living cultural landscapes devoted to the production of one of the world's most important staple crops, rice. They preserve traditional techniques and forms dating back many centuries, still viable today. At the same time they illustrate a remarkable degree of harmony between humankind and the natural environment of great aesthetic appeal, as well as demonstrating sustainable farming systems in mountainous terrain, based on a careful use of natural resources. They are the only monuments in the Philippines that show no evidence of having been influenced by colonial cultures. Owing to the difficult terrain, the Cordillera tribes are among the few peoples of the Philippines who have successfully resisted foreign domination and preserved their authentic tribal culture. The history of the terraces is intertwined with that of its people, their culture, and their traditional practices.\n\n1995\n[6]\n\n\nNatural: (vii)(ix)(x)\nTubbataha Reefs Natural Park\nSulu Sea\nTubbataha Reefs Natural Park lies in a unique position in the centre of the Sulu Sea, and includes the Tubbataha and Jessie Beazley Reefs. It protects an area of almost 100,000 hectares (250,000 acres) of high quality marine habitats containing three atolls and a large area of deep sea. The property is home to a great diversity of marine life. Whales, dolphins, sharks, turtles and Napoleon wrasse are among the key species found here. The reef ecosystems support over 350 species of coral and almost 500 species of fish. The reserve also protects one of the few remaining colonies of breeding seabirds in the region.\n\n1993\n[7]\n\n", "\n\nType (criteria)\nSite\nLocation\nDescription\nImage\nYear\nRef\n\n\nCultural: (ii)(iv)\nBaroque Churches of the Philippines\nPaoay Church in Ilocos Norte\nThe Church of San Agustín at Paoay is the most outstanding example in the Philippines of 'Earthquake Baroque'. Fourteen buttresses are ranged along the lines of a giant volute supporting a smaller one and surmounted by pyramidal finials. A pair of buttresses at the midpoint of each nave wall have stairways for access to the roof. The lower part of the apse and most of the walls are constructed of coral stone blocks, the upper levels being finished in brick, but this order is reversed on the facade. The massive coral stone bell tower, which was added half a century after the church was completed, stands at some distance from the church, again as a protection against damage during earthquakes.\n\n1993\n[1]\n\n\nSanta Maria Church in Ilocos Sur\nUnlike other town churches in the Philippines, which conform to the Spanish tradition of sitting them on the central plaza, the Church of Nuestra Señora de la Asuncion in Santa Maria with its convento are on a hill surrounded by a defensive wall. Also unusual are the sitting of the convento parallel to the facade of the church and that of the separate bell tower (characteristic of Philippine-Hispanic architecture) at the midpoint of the nave wall. This was dictated by the hill on which it is located. The brick church follows the standard Philippine layout, with a monumental facade masking a straight roof-line covering a long rectangular building. It is alleged to be built on a solid raft as a precaution against earthquake damage. The walls are devoid of ornament but have delicately carved side entrances and strong buttresses.\n\n\n\nMiagao Church in Iloilo\nThe Church of Santo Tomas de Villanueva stands on the highest point of Miagao, its towers serving as lookouts against Muslim raids. It is the finest surviving example of 'Fortress Baroque'. The sumptuous facade epitomizes the Filipino transfiguration of western decorative elements, with the figure of Saint Christopher on the pediment dressed in native clothes, carrying the Christ Child on his back, and holding on to a coconut palm for support. The entire riotously decorated facade is flanked by massive tapering bell towers of unequal heights.\n\n\n\nSan Agustin Church in Manila\nThe Church of the Immaculate Conception of San Agustín was the first church built on the island of Luzon in 1571, immediately after the Spanish conquest of Manila. A site within the district of Intramuros was assigned to the Augustinian Order, the first to evangelize in the Philippines. In 1587 the impermanent earliest building in wood and palm fronds was replaced by a stone church and monastery in stone, the latter becoming the Augustinian mother house in the Philippines. It was the only structure in Intramuros to survive the liberation of Manila in 1945. Miag-ao became an independent parish in 1731, when a simple church and convento were built. However, destruction of the town by Muslim pirates in 1741 and 1754 led to the town being rebuilt in a more secure location. The new church, constructed in 1787–97, was built as a fortress, to withstand further incursions. It was, however, damaged severely by fire during the revolution against Spain in 1898 and in the Second World War. Two bell towers were added in 1854, but the northern one cracked in the 1880 earthquake and had to be demolished. In the interior of the church the wall paintings date from the 19th century, but they overlie the original tempera murals. As a result, the church was richly endowed, with a fine retablo, pulpit, lectern and choir-stalls. Of special interest is the series of crypto-collateral chapels lining both sides of the nave. The walls separating them act as buttresses. The stone barrel vault, dome, and arched vestibule are all unique in the Philippines. A monastery complex was formerly linked to the church by a series of cloisters, arcades, courtyards and gardens, but all except one building were destroyed in 1945.\n\n\n\nCultural: (ii)(iv)\nHistoric Town of Vigan\nIlocos Sur\nEstablished in the 16th century, Vigan is the best-preserved example of a planned Spanish colonial town in Asia. Its architecture reflects the coming together of cultural elements from elsewhere in the Philippines, from China and from Europe, resulting in a culture and townscape that have no parallel anywhere in East and South-East Asia. Vigan is an exceptionally intact and well-preserved example of a European trading town in East and South-East Asia. The architecture is truly reflective of its roots in both materials and design, in its fusion of Asian building design and construction with European colonial architecture and planning. The town is located in the delta of the Abra River, off the coastal plain of the China Sea, close to the north-east tip of the island of Luzon. The present-day municipality divided into nine urban districts and thirty rural villages. Almost half the total area is still in use for agriculture. The Historic Core Zone is defined on two sides by the Govantes and Mestizo rivers.\n\n1999\n[2]\n\n\nNatural: (x)\nMount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary\nDavao Oriental\nForming a north-south running mountain ridge along the Pujada Peninsula in the southeastern part of the Eastern Mindanao Biodiversity Corridor, the Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary has an elevation range of 75–1,637 m above sea level, and provides critical habitat for a range of plant and animal species. The property showcases terrestrial and aquatic habitats and the species that they host at a series of different elevations are responding to highly dissimilar soil and climate conditions. The Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary provides a sanctuary to a host of globally threatened and endemic flora and fauna species, eight of which are found nowhere else except Mount Hamiguitan. These include critically endangered trees, plants and the iconic Philippine Eagle and Philippine Cockatoo.\n\n2014\n[3][4]\n\n\nNatural: (vii)(x)\nPuerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park\nPalawan\nThe site of the Puerto-Princesa Subterranean River National Park is located in the Saint Paul Mountain Range. It is north-west of Puerto Princesa, the capital of Palawan Province. The topography varies from flat plains to rolling hinterlands and hills to mountain peaks. Over 90% of the park comprises sharp, karst limestone ridges around Mount Saint Paul, which is itself part of a series of rounded, limestone peaks aligned on a north-south axis, along the western coast of Palawan. The focus of the area is a spectacular karst landscape which features both surface karst features (pinnacles, shafts, dolines and limestone cliffs), as well as an extensive underground river system. The subterranean river is 8.2 kilometres (5.1 mi) long, one of the most unusual of its type in the world and includes many speleotherms, several large chambers exist, up to 120 metres (390 ft) wide and 60 metres (200 ft) high. A distinguishing feature of the river is the fact that it emerges directly into the sea, and that the lower portion of the river is brackish and subject to tidal influences. The underground river (the Cabayugan River) arises approximately 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) south-west of Mount Saint Paul at an altitude of 100 metres (330 ft), and flows underground for almost its entire length to an outflow into Saint Paul's Bay. All rivers and associated tributaries are within the park, which is important in relation to catchments impacts on the water quality of the Cabayugan River. It has been declared as one of the New7Wonders of Nature.\n\n1999\n[5]\n\n\nCultural: (iii)(iv)(v)\nRice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras: Batad Rice Terraces, Bangaan Rice Terraces (both in Banaue), Mayoyao Rice Terraces (in Mayoyao), Hungduan Rice Terraces (in Hungduan) and Nagacadan Rice Terraces (in Kiangan)\nIfugao\nFor 2,000 years, the high rice fields of the Ifugao have followed the contours of the mountains. The fruit of knowledge handed down from one generation to the next, and the expression of sacred traditions and a delicate social balance, they have helped to create a landscape of great beauty that expresses the harmony between humankind and the environment. The rice terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras are living cultural landscapes devoted to the production of one of the world's most important staple crops, rice. They preserve traditional techniques and forms dating back many centuries, still viable today. At the same time they illustrate a remarkable degree of harmony between humankind and the natural environment of great aesthetic appeal, as well as demonstrating sustainable farming systems in mountainous terrain, based on a careful use of natural resources. They are the only monuments in the Philippines that show no evidence of having been influenced by colonial cultures. Owing to the difficult terrain, the Cordillera tribes are among the few peoples of the Philippines who have successfully resisted foreign domination and preserved their authentic tribal culture. The history of the terraces is intertwined with that of its people, their culture, and their traditional practices.\n\n1995\n[6]\n\n\nNatural: (vii)(ix)(x)\nTubbataha Reefs Natural Park\nSulu Sea\nTubbataha Reefs Natural Park lies in a unique position in the centre of the Sulu Sea, and includes the Tubbataha and Jessie Beazley Reefs. It protects an area of almost 100,000 hectares (250,000 acres) of high quality marine habitats containing three atolls and a large area of deep sea. The property is home to a great diversity of marine life. Whales, dolphins, sharks, turtles and Napoleon wrasse are among the key species found here. The reef ecosystems support over 350 species of coral and almost 500 species of fish. The reserve also protects one of the few remaining colonies of breeding seabirds in the region.\n\n1993\n[7]\n\n", "\n\nType (criteria)\nSite\nLocation\nDescription\nImage\nYear\nRef\n\n\nCultural: (ii)(iv)\nBaroque Churches of the Philippines\nPaoay Church in Ilocos Norte\nThe Church of San Agustín at Paoay is the most outstanding example in the Philippines of 'Earthquake Baroque'. Fourteen buttresses are ranged along the lines of a giant volute supporting a smaller one and surmounted by pyramidal finials. A pair of buttresses at the midpoint of each nave wall have stairways for access to the roof. The lower part of the apse and most of the walls are constructed of coral stone blocks, the upper levels being finished in brick, but this order is reversed on the facade. The massive coral stone bell tower, which was added half a century after the church was completed, stands at some distance from the church, again as a protection against damage during earthquakes.\n\n1993\n[1]\n\n\nSanta Maria Church in Ilocos Sur\nUnlike other town churches in the Philippines, which conform to the Spanish tradition of sitting them on the central plaza, the Church of Nuestra Señora de la Asuncion in Santa Maria with its convento are on a hill surrounded by a defensive wall. Also unusual are the sitting of the convento parallel to the facade of the church and that of the separate bell tower (characteristic of Philippine-Hispanic architecture) at the midpoint of the nave wall. This was dictated by the hill on which it is located. The brick church follows the standard Philippine layout, with a monumental facade masking a straight roof-line covering a long rectangular building. It is alleged to be built on a solid raft as a precaution against earthquake damage. The walls are devoid of ornament but have delicately carved side entrances and strong buttresses.\n\n\n\nMiagao Church in Iloilo\nThe Church of Santo Tomas de Villanueva stands on the highest point of Miagao, its towers serving as lookouts against Muslim raids. It is the finest surviving example of 'Fortress Baroque'. The sumptuous facade epitomizes the Filipino transfiguration of western decorative elements, with the figure of Saint Christopher on the pediment dressed in native clothes, carrying the Christ Child on his back, and holding on to a coconut palm for support. The entire riotously decorated facade is flanked by massive tapering bell towers of unequal heights.\n\n\n\nSan Agustin Church in Manila\nThe Church of the Immaculate Conception of San Agustín was the first church built on the island of Luzon in 1571, immediately after the Spanish conquest of Manila. A site within the district of Intramuros was assigned to the Augustinian Order, the first to evangelize in the Philippines. In 1587 the impermanent earliest building in wood and palm fronds was replaced by a stone church and monastery in stone, the latter becoming the Augustinian mother house in the Philippines. It was the only structure in Intramuros to survive the liberation of Manila in 1945. Miag-ao became an independent parish in 1731, when a simple church and convento were built. However, destruction of the town by Muslim pirates in 1741 and 1754 led to the town being rebuilt in a more secure location. The new church, constructed in 1787–97, was built as a fortress, to withstand further incursions. It was, however, damaged severely by fire during the revolution against Spain in 1898 and in the Second World War. Two bell towers were added in 1854, but the northern one cracked in the 1880 earthquake and had to be demolished. In the interior of the church the wall paintings date from the 19th century, but they overlie the original tempera murals. As a result, the church was richly endowed, with a fine retablo, pulpit, lectern and choir-stalls. Of special interest is the series of crypto-collateral chapels lining both sides of the nave. The walls separating them act as buttresses. The stone barrel vault, dome, and arched vestibule are all unique in the Philippines. A monastery complex was formerly linked to the church by a series of cloisters, arcades, courtyards and gardens, but all except one building were destroyed in 1945.\n\n\n\nCultural: (ii)(iv)\nHistoric Town of Vigan\nIlocos Sur\nEstablished in the 16th century, Vigan is the best-preserved example of a planned Spanish colonial town in Asia. Its architecture reflects the coming together of cultural elements from elsewhere in the Philippines, from China and from Europe, resulting in a culture and townscape that have no parallel anywhere in East and South-East Asia. Vigan is an exceptionally intact and well-preserved example of a European trading town in East and South-East Asia. The architecture is truly reflective of its roots in both materials and design, in its fusion of Asian building design and construction with European colonial architecture and planning. The town is located in the delta of the Abra River, off the coastal plain of the China Sea, close to the north-east tip of the island of Luzon. The present-day municipality divided into nine urban districts and thirty rural villages. Almost half the total area is still in use for agriculture. The Historic Core Zone is defined on two sides by the Govantes and Mestizo rivers.\n\n1999\n[2]\n\n\nNatural: (x)\nMount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary\nDavao Oriental\nForming a north-south running mountain ridge along the Pujada Peninsula in the southeastern part of the Eastern Mindanao Biodiversity Corridor, the Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary has an elevation range of 75–1,637 m above sea level, and provides critical habitat for a range of plant and animal species. The property showcases terrestrial and aquatic habitats and the species that they host at a series of different elevations are responding to highly dissimilar soil and climate conditions. The Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary provides a sanctuary to a host of globally threatened and endemic flora and fauna species, eight of which are found nowhere else except Mount Hamiguitan. These include critically endangered trees, plants and the iconic Philippine Eagle and Philippine Cockatoo.\n\n2014\n[3][4]\n\n\nNatural: (vii)(x)\nPuerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park\nPalawan\nThe site of the Puerto-Princesa Subterranean River National Park is located in the Saint Paul Mountain Range. It is north-west of Puerto Princesa, the capital of Palawan Province. The topography varies from flat plains to rolling hinterlands and hills to mountain peaks. Over 90% of the park comprises sharp, karst limestone ridges around Mount Saint Paul, which is itself part of a series of rounded, limestone peaks aligned on a north-south axis, along the western coast of Palawan. The focus of the area is a spectacular karst landscape which features both surface karst features (pinnacles, shafts, dolines and limestone cliffs), as well as an extensive underground river system. The subterranean river is 8.2 kilometres (5.1 mi) long, one of the most unusual of its type in the world and includes many speleotherms, several large chambers exist, up to 120 metres (390 ft) wide and 60 metres (200 ft) high. A distinguishing feature of the river is the fact that it emerges directly into the sea, and that the lower portion of the river is brackish and subject to tidal influences. The underground river (the Cabayugan River) arises approximately 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) south-west of Mount Saint Paul at an altitude of 100 metres (330 ft), and flows underground for almost its entire length to an outflow into Saint Paul's Bay. All rivers and associated tributaries are within the park, which is important in relation to catchments impacts on the water quality of the Cabayugan River. It has been declared as one of the New7Wonders of Nature.\n\n1999\n[5]\n\n\nCultural: (iii)(iv)(v)\nRice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras: Batad Rice Terraces, Bangaan Rice Terraces (both in Banaue), Mayoyao Rice Terraces (in Mayoyao), Hungduan Rice Terraces (in Hungduan) and Nagacadan Rice Terraces (in Kiangan)\nIfugao\nFor 2,000 years, the high rice fields of the Ifugao have followed the contours of the mountains. The fruit of knowledge handed down from one generation to the next, and the expression of sacred traditions and a delicate social balance, they have helped to create a landscape of great beauty that expresses the harmony between humankind and the environment. The rice terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras are living cultural landscapes devoted to the production of one of the world's most important staple crops, rice. They preserve traditional techniques and forms dating back many centuries, still viable today. At the same time they illustrate a remarkable degree of harmony between humankind and the natural environment of great aesthetic appeal, as well as demonstrating sustainable farming systems in mountainous terrain, based on a careful use of natural resources. They are the only monuments in the Philippines that show no evidence of having been influenced by colonial cultures. Owing to the difficult terrain, the Cordillera tribes are among the few peoples of the Philippines who have successfully resisted foreign domination and preserved their authentic tribal culture. The history of the terraces is intertwined with that of its people, their culture, and their traditional practices.\n\n1995\n[6]\n\n\nNatural: (vii)(ix)(x)\nTubbataha Reefs Natural Park\nSulu Sea\nTubbataha Reefs Natural Park lies in a unique position in the centre of the Sulu Sea, and includes the Tubbataha and Jessie Beazley Reefs. It protects an area of almost 100,000 hectares (250,000 acres) of high quality marine habitats containing three atolls and a large area of deep sea. The property is home to a great diversity of marine life. Whales, dolphins, sharks, turtles and Napoleon wrasse are among the key species found here. The reef ecosystems support over 350 species of coral and almost 500 species of fish. The reserve also protects one of the few remaining colonies of breeding seabirds in the region.\n\n1993\n[7]\n\n", "\n\nType (criteria)\nSite\nLocation\nDescription\nImage\nYear\nRef\n\n\nCultural: (ii)(iv)\nBaroque Churches of the Philippines\nPaoay Church in Ilocos Norte\nThe Church of San Agustín at Paoay is the most outstanding example in the Philippines of 'Earthquake Baroque'. Fourteen buttresses are ranged along the lines of a giant volute supporting a smaller one and surmounted by pyramidal finials. A pair of buttresses at the midpoint of each nave wall have stairways for access to the roof. The lower part of the apse and most of the walls are constructed of coral stone blocks, the upper levels being finished in brick, but this order is reversed on the facade. The massive coral stone bell tower, which was added half a century after the church was completed, stands at some distance from the church, again as a protection against damage during earthquakes.\n\n1993\n[1]\n\n\nSanta Maria Church in Ilocos Sur\nUnlike other town churches in the Philippines, which conform to the Spanish tradition of sitting them on the central plaza, the Church of Nuestra Señora de la Asuncion in Santa Maria with its convento are on a hill surrounded by a defensive wall. Also unusual are the sitting of the convento parallel to the facade of the church and that of the separate bell tower (characteristic of Philippine-Hispanic architecture) at the midpoint of the nave wall. This was dictated by the hill on which it is located. The brick church follows the standard Philippine layout, with a monumental facade masking a straight roof-line covering a long rectangular building. It is alleged to be built on a solid raft as a precaution against earthquake damage. The walls are devoid of ornament but have delicately carved side entrances and strong buttresses.\n\n\n\nMiagao Church in Iloilo\nThe Church of Santo Tomas de Villanueva stands on the highest point of Miagao, its towers serving as lookouts against Muslim raids. It is the finest surviving example of 'Fortress Baroque'. The sumptuous facade epitomizes the Filipino transfiguration of western decorative elements, with the figure of Saint Christopher on the pediment dressed in native clothes, carrying the Christ Child on his back, and holding on to a coconut palm for support. The entire riotously decorated facade is flanked by massive tapering bell towers of unequal heights.\n\n\n\nSan Agustin Church in Manila\nThe Church of the Immaculate Conception of San Agustín was the first church built on the island of Luzon in 1571, immediately after the Spanish conquest of Manila. A site within the district of Intramuros was assigned to the Augustinian Order, the first to evangelize in the Philippines. In 1587 the impermanent earliest building in wood and palm fronds was replaced by a stone church and monastery in stone, the latter becoming the Augustinian mother house in the Philippines. It was the only structure in Intramuros to survive the liberation of Manila in 1945. Miag-ao became an independent parish in 1731, when a simple church and convento were built. However, destruction of the town by Muslim pirates in 1741 and 1754 led to the town being rebuilt in a more secure location. The new church, constructed in 1787–97, was built as a fortress, to withstand further incursions. It was, however, damaged severely by fire during the revolution against Spain in 1898 and in the Second World War. Two bell towers were added in 1854, but the northern one cracked in the 1880 earthquake and had to be demolished. In the interior of the church the wall paintings date from the 19th century, but they overlie the original tempera murals. As a result, the church was richly endowed, with a fine retablo, pulpit, lectern and choir-stalls. Of special interest is the series of crypto-collateral chapels lining both sides of the nave. The walls separating them act as buttresses. The stone barrel vault, dome, and arched vestibule are all unique in the Philippines. A monastery complex was formerly linked to the church by a series of cloisters, arcades, courtyards and gardens, but all except one building were destroyed in 1945.\n\n\n\nCultural: (ii)(iv)\nHistoric Town of Vigan\nIlocos Sur\nEstablished in the 16th century, Vigan is the best-preserved example of a planned Spanish colonial town in Asia. Its architecture reflects the coming together of cultural elements from elsewhere in the Philippines, from China and from Europe, resulting in a culture and townscape that have no parallel anywhere in East and South-East Asia. Vigan is an exceptionally intact and well-preserved example of a European trading town in East and South-East Asia. The architecture is truly reflective of its roots in both materials and design, in its fusion of Asian building design and construction with European colonial architecture and planning. The town is located in the delta of the Abra River, off the coastal plain of the China Sea, close to the north-east tip of the island of Luzon. The present-day municipality divided into nine urban districts and thirty rural villages. Almost half the total area is still in use for agriculture. The Historic Core Zone is defined on two sides by the Govantes and Mestizo rivers.\n\n1999\n[2]\n\n\nNatural: (x)\nMount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary\nDavao Oriental\nForming a north-south running mountain ridge along the Pujada Peninsula in the southeastern part of the Eastern Mindanao Biodiversity Corridor, the Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary has an elevation range of 75–1,637 m above sea level, and provides critical habitat for a range of plant and animal species. The property showcases terrestrial and aquatic habitats and the species that they host at a series of different elevations are responding to highly dissimilar soil and climate conditions. The Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary provides a sanctuary to a host of globally threatened and endemic flora and fauna species, eight of which are found nowhere else except Mount Hamiguitan. These include critically endangered trees, plants and the iconic Philippine Eagle and Philippine Cockatoo.\n\n2014\n[3][4]\n\n\nNatural: (vii)(x)\nPuerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park\nPalawan\nThe site of the Puerto-Princesa Subterranean River National Park is located in the Saint Paul Mountain Range. It is north-west of Puerto Princesa, the capital of Palawan Province. The topography varies from flat plains to rolling hinterlands and hills to mountain peaks. Over 90% of the park comprises sharp, karst limestone ridges around Mount Saint Paul, which is itself part of a series of rounded, limestone peaks aligned on a north-south axis, along the western coast of Palawan. The focus of the area is a spectacular karst landscape which features both surface karst features (pinnacles, shafts, dolines and limestone cliffs), as well as an extensive underground river system. The subterranean river is 8.2 kilometres (5.1 mi) long, one of the most unusual of its type in the world and includes many speleotherms, several large chambers exist, up to 120 metres (390 ft) wide and 60 metres (200 ft) high. A distinguishing feature of the river is the fact that it emerges directly into the sea, and that the lower portion of the river is brackish and subject to tidal influences. The underground river (the Cabayugan River) arises approximately 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) south-west of Mount Saint Paul at an altitude of 100 metres (330 ft), and flows underground for almost its entire length to an outflow into Saint Paul's Bay. All rivers and associated tributaries are within the park, which is important in relation to catchments impacts on the water quality of the Cabayugan River. It has been declared as one of the New7Wonders of Nature.\n\n1999\n[5]\n\n\nCultural: (iii)(iv)(v)\nRice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras: Batad Rice Terraces, Bangaan Rice Terraces (both in Banaue), Mayoyao Rice Terraces (in Mayoyao), Hungduan Rice Terraces (in Hungduan) and Nagacadan Rice Terraces (in Kiangan)\nIfugao\nFor 2,000 years, the high rice fields of the Ifugao have followed the contours of the mountains. The fruit of knowledge handed down from one generation to the next, and the expression of sacred traditions and a delicate social balance, they have helped to create a landscape of great beauty that expresses the harmony between humankind and the environment. The rice terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras are living cultural landscapes devoted to the production of one of the world's most important staple crops, rice. They preserve traditional techniques and forms dating back many centuries, still viable today. At the same time they illustrate a remarkable degree of harmony between humankind and the natural environment of great aesthetic appeal, as well as demonstrating sustainable farming systems in mountainous terrain, based on a careful use of natural resources. They are the only monuments in the Philippines that show no evidence of having been influenced by colonial cultures. Owing to the difficult terrain, the Cordillera tribes are among the few peoples of the Philippines who have successfully resisted foreign domination and preserved their authentic tribal culture. The history of the terraces is intertwined with that of its people, their culture, and their traditional practices.\n\n1995\n[6]\n\n\nNatural: (vii)(ix)(x)\nTubbataha Reefs Natural Park\nSulu Sea\nTubbataha Reefs Natural Park lies in a unique position in the centre of the Sulu Sea, and includes the Tubbataha and Jessie Beazley Reefs. It protects an area of almost 100,000 hectares (250,000 acres) of high quality marine habitats containing three atolls and a large area of deep sea. The property is home to a great diversity of marine life. Whales, dolphins, sharks, turtles and Napoleon wrasse are among the key species found here. The reef ecosystems support over 350 species of coral and almost 500 species of fish. The reserve also protects one of the few remaining colonies of breeding seabirds in the region.\n\n1993\n[7]\n\n", "\n\nType (criteria)\nSite\nLocation\nDescription\nImage\nYear\nRef\n\n\nCultural: (ii)(iv)\nBaroque Churches of the Philippines\nPaoay Church in Ilocos Norte\nThe Church of San Agustín at Paoay is the most outstanding example in the Philippines of 'Earthquake Baroque'. Fourteen buttresses are ranged along the lines of a giant volute supporting a smaller one and surmounted by pyramidal finials. A pair of buttresses at the midpoint of each nave wall have stairways for access to the roof. The lower part of the apse and most of the walls are constructed of coral stone blocks, the upper levels being finished in brick, but this order is reversed on the facade. The massive coral stone bell tower, which was added half a century after the church was completed, stands at some distance from the church, again as a protection against damage during earthquakes.\n\n1993\n[1]\n\n\nSanta Maria Church in Ilocos Sur\nUnlike other town churches in the Philippines, which conform to the Spanish tradition of sitting them on the central plaza, the Church of Nuestra Señora de la Asuncion in Santa Maria with its convento are on a hill surrounded by a defensive wall. Also unusual are the sitting of the convento parallel to the facade of the church and that of the separate bell tower (characteristic of Philippine-Hispanic architecture) at the midpoint of the nave wall. This was dictated by the hill on which it is located. The brick church follows the standard Philippine layout, with a monumental facade masking a straight roof-line covering a long rectangular building. It is alleged to be built on a solid raft as a precaution against earthquake damage. The walls are devoid of ornament but have delicately carved side entrances and strong buttresses.\n\n\n\nMiagao Church in Iloilo\nThe Church of Santo Tomas de Villanueva stands on the highest point of Miagao, its towers serving as lookouts against Muslim raids. It is the finest surviving example of 'Fortress Baroque'. The sumptuous facade epitomizes the Filipino transfiguration of western decorative elements, with the figure of Saint Christopher on the pediment dressed in native clothes, carrying the Christ Child on his back, and holding on to a coconut palm for support. The entire riotously decorated facade is flanked by massive tapering bell towers of unequal heights.\n\n\n\nSan Agustin Church in Manila\nThe Church of the Immaculate Conception of San Agustín was the first church built on the island of Luzon in 1571, immediately after the Spanish conquest of Manila. A site within the district of Intramuros was assigned to the Augustinian Order, the first to evangelize in the Philippines. In 1587 the impermanent earliest building in wood and palm fronds was replaced by a stone church and monastery in stone, the latter becoming the Augustinian mother house in the Philippines. It was the only structure in Intramuros to survive the liberation of Manila in 1945. Miag-ao became an independent parish in 1731, when a simple church and convento were built. However, destruction of the town by Muslim pirates in 1741 and 1754 led to the town being rebuilt in a more secure location. The new church, constructed in 1787–97, was built as a fortress, to withstand further incursions. It was, however, damaged severely by fire during the revolution against Spain in 1898 and in the Second World War. Two bell towers were added in 1854, but the northern one cracked in the 1880 earthquake and had to be demolished. In the interior of the church the wall paintings date from the 19th century, but they overlie the original tempera murals. As a result, the church was richly endowed, with a fine retablo, pulpit, lectern and choir-stalls. Of special interest is the series of crypto-collateral chapels lining both sides of the nave. The walls separating them act as buttresses. The stone barrel vault, dome, and arched vestibule are all unique in the Philippines. A monastery complex was formerly linked to the church by a series of cloisters, arcades, courtyards and gardens, but all except one building were destroyed in 1945.\n\n\n\nCultural: (ii)(iv)\nHistoric Town of Vigan\nIlocos Sur\nEstablished in the 16th century, Vigan is the best-preserved example of a planned Spanish colonial town in Asia. Its architecture reflects the coming together of cultural elements from elsewhere in the Philippines, from China and from Europe, resulting in a culture and townscape that have no parallel anywhere in East and South-East Asia. Vigan is an exceptionally intact and well-preserved example of a European trading town in East and South-East Asia. The architecture is truly reflective of its roots in both materials and design, in its fusion of Asian building design and construction with European colonial architecture and planning. The town is located in the delta of the Abra River, off the coastal plain of the China Sea, close to the north-east tip of the island of Luzon. The present-day municipality divided into nine urban districts and thirty rural villages. Almost half the total area is still in use for agriculture. The Historic Core Zone is defined on two sides by the Govantes and Mestizo rivers.\n\n1999\n[2]\n\n\nNatural: (x)\nMount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary\nDavao Oriental\nForming a north-south running mountain ridge along the Pujada Peninsula in the southeastern part of the Eastern Mindanao Biodiversity Corridor, the Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary has an elevation range of 75–1,637 m above sea level, and provides critical habitat for a range of plant and animal species. The property showcases terrestrial and aquatic habitats and the species that they host at a series of different elevations are responding to highly dissimilar soil and climate conditions. The Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary provides a sanctuary to a host of globally threatened and endemic flora and fauna species, eight of which are found nowhere else except Mount Hamiguitan. These include critically endangered trees, plants and the iconic Philippine Eagle and Philippine Cockatoo.\n\n2014\n[3][4]\n\n\nNatural: (vii)(x)\nPuerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park\nPalawan\nThe site of the Puerto-Princesa Subterranean River National Park is located in the Saint Paul Mountain Range. It is north-west of Puerto Princesa, the capital of Palawan Province. The topography varies from flat plains to rolling hinterlands and hills to mountain peaks. Over 90% of the park comprises sharp, karst limestone ridges around Mount Saint Paul, which is itself part of a series of rounded, limestone peaks aligned on a north-south axis, along the western coast of Palawan. The focus of the area is a spectacular karst landscape which features both surface karst features (pinnacles, shafts, dolines and limestone cliffs), as well as an extensive underground river system. The subterranean river is 8.2 kilometres (5.1 mi) long, one of the most unusual of its type in the world and includes many speleotherms, several large chambers exist, up to 120 metres (390 ft) wide and 60 metres (200 ft) high. A distinguishing feature of the river is the fact that it emerges directly into the sea, and that the lower portion of the river is brackish and subject to tidal influences. The underground river (the Cabayugan River) arises approximately 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) south-west of Mount Saint Paul at an altitude of 100 metres (330 ft), and flows underground for almost its entire length to an outflow into Saint Paul's Bay. All rivers and associated tributaries are within the park, which is important in relation to catchments impacts on the water quality of the Cabayugan River. It has been declared as one of the New7Wonders of Nature.\n\n1999\n[5]\n\n\nCultural: (iii)(iv)(v)\nRice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras: Batad Rice Terraces, Bangaan Rice Terraces (both in Banaue), Mayoyao Rice Terraces (in Mayoyao), Hungduan Rice Terraces (in Hungduan) and Nagacadan Rice Terraces (in Kiangan)\nIfugao\nFor 2,000 years, the high rice fields of the Ifugao have followed the contours of the mountains. The fruit of knowledge handed down from one generation to the next, and the expression of sacred traditions and a delicate social balance, they have helped to create a landscape of great beauty that expresses the harmony between humankind and the environment. The rice terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras are living cultural landscapes devoted to the production of one of the world's most important staple crops, rice. They preserve traditional techniques and forms dating back many centuries, still viable today. At the same time they illustrate a remarkable degree of harmony between humankind and the natural environment of great aesthetic appeal, as well as demonstrating sustainable farming systems in mountainous terrain, based on a careful use of natural resources. They are the only monuments in the Philippines that show no evidence of having been influenced by colonial cultures. Owing to the difficult terrain, the Cordillera tribes are among the few peoples of the Philippines who have successfully resisted foreign domination and preserved their authentic tribal culture. The history of the terraces is intertwined with that of its people, their culture, and their traditional practices.\n\n1995\n[6]\n\n\nNatural: (vii)(ix)(x)\nTubbataha Reefs Natural Park\nSulu Sea\nTubbataha Reefs Natural Park lies in a unique position in the centre of the Sulu Sea, and includes the Tubbataha and Jessie Beazley Reefs. It protects an area of almost 100,000 hectares (250,000 acres) of high quality marine habitats containing three atolls and a large area of deep sea. The property is home to a great diversity of marine life. Whales, dolphins, sharks, turtles and Napoleon wrasse are among the key species found here. The reef ecosystems support over 350 species of coral and almost 500 species of fish. The reserve also protects one of the few remaining colonies of breeding seabirds in the region.\n\n1993\n[7]\n\n" ]

[ "Baroque Churches of the Philippines", "Historic Town of Vigan", "Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary", "Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park", "Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras", "Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park" ]

[ "Mining in North Korea is important to the country's economy. North Korea is naturally abundant in metals such as magnesite, zinc, tungsten, and iron; with magnesite resources of 6 billion tonnes (second largest in the world), particularly in the Hamgyeong-do and Jagang-do provinces. However, often these cannot be mined due to the acute shortage of electricity in the country, as well as the lack of proper tools to mine these materials and an antiquated industrial base.[1] Coal, iron ore, limestone, and magnesite deposits are larger than other mineral commodities. Mining joint ventures with other countries include China, Canada, Egypt, and South Korea.[citation needed]", "Mining in North Korea is important to the country's economy. North Korea is naturally abundant in metals such as magnesite, zinc, tungsten, and iron; with magnesite resources of 6 billion tonnes (second largest in the world), particularly in the Hamgyeong-do and Jagang-do provinces. However, often these cannot be mined due to the acute shortage of electricity in the country, as well as the lack of proper tools to mine these materials and an antiquated industrial base.[1] Coal, iron ore, limestone, and magnesite deposits are larger than other mineral commodities. Mining joint ventures with other countries include China, Canada, Egypt, and South Korea.[citation needed]", "Mining in North Korea is important to the country's economy. North Korea is naturally abundant in metals such as magnesite, zinc, tungsten, and iron; with magnesite resources of 6 billion tonnes (second largest in the world), particularly in the Hamgyeong-do and Jagang-do provinces. However, often these cannot be mined due to the acute shortage of electricity in the country, as well as the lack of proper tools to mine these materials and an antiquated industrial base.[1] Coal, iron ore, limestone, and magnesite deposits are larger than other mineral commodities. Mining joint ventures with other countries include China, Canada, Egypt, and South Korea.[citation needed]", "Mining in North Korea is important to the country's economy. North Korea is naturally abundant in metals such as magnesite, zinc, tungsten, and iron; with magnesite resources of 6 billion tonnes (second largest in the world), particularly in the Hamgyeong-do and Jagang-do provinces. However, often these cannot be mined due to the acute shortage of electricity in the country, as well as the lack of proper tools to mine these materials and an antiquated industrial base.[1] Coal, iron ore, limestone, and magnesite deposits are larger than other mineral commodities. Mining joint ventures with other countries include China, Canada, Egypt, and South Korea.[citation needed]" ]

[ "magnesite", "zinc", "tungsten", "iron" ]

[ "\"Ain't No Sunshine\" is a song by Bill Withers from his 1971 album Just As I Am, produced by Booker T. Jones. The record featured musicians Donald \"Duck\" Dunn on bass guitar, Al Jackson, Jr. on drums and Stephen Stills on guitar.[1] String arrangements were done by Booker T. Jones, and recorded in Memphis by engineer Terry Manning. The song is in the key of A minor.[2]\n" ]

[ "Bill Withers" ]

[ "Season thirteen of the reality competition series America's Got Talent premiered on May 29, 2018, on NBC. Howie Mandel, Mel B, Heidi Klum and Simon Cowell returned as judges for their respective ninth, sixth, sixth, and third seasons. Meanwhile, Tyra Banks returned for her second season as host.[1]" ]

[ "May 29, 2018" ]

[ "Principal photography on the film began on October 14, 2015 in the Lower Mainland in Vancouver, under the working title Hidden Fortress.[33][34] Filming was expected to take place there until early March 2016.[35] Parts of the film were expected to shoot for up to five days in the Kananaskis in late January and early February.[36] In March, Serkis confirmed that he had finished shooting his portions.[37]", "Principal photography on the film began on October 14, 2015 in the Lower Mainland in Vancouver, under the working title Hidden Fortress.[33][34] Filming was expected to take place there until early March 2016.[35] Parts of the film were expected to shoot for up to five days in the Kananaskis in late January and early February.[36] In March, Serkis confirmed that he had finished shooting his portions.[37]" ]

[ "the Lower Mainland in Vancouver", "the Kananaskis" ]

[ "Fusion processes require fuel and a highly confined environment with a high temperature and pressure, to create a plasma in which fusion can occur. In stars, the most common fuel is hydrogen, and gravity creates the high temperature and confinement needed for fusion. Fusion reactors generally use hydrogen isotopes such as deuterium and tritium, which react more easily, and create a confined plasma of millions of degrees using inertial methods (laser) or magnetic methods (tokamak and similar), although many other concepts have been attempted. The major challenges in realising fusion power are to engineer a system that can confine the plasma long enough at high enough temperature and density, for a long term reaction to occur, and for the most common reactions, managing neutrons that are released during the reaction, which over time can degrade many common materials used within the reaction chamber.\n" ]

[ "hydrogen isotopes" ]

[ "\n\nSeries\nEpisodes\nOriginally aired\n\n\nFirst aired\nLast aired\n\n\n\n1\n10\n14 January 2013 (2013-01-14)\n25 January 2013 (2013-01-25)\n\n\n\n2\n10\n6 January 2014 (2014-01-06)\n17 January 2014 (2014-01-17)\n\n\n\n3\n15\n5 January 2015 (2015-01-05)\n23 January 2015 (2015-01-23)\n\n\n\n4\n10\n4 January 2016 (2016-01-04)\n15 January 2016 (2016-01-15)\n\n\n\n5\n15\n23 December 2016 (2016-12-23)\n19 January 2017 (2017-01-19)\n\n\n\n6\n10\n18 December 2017 (2017-12-18)\n12 January 2018 (2018-01-12)\n\n" ]

[ "10" ]

[ "\"As Long as He Needs Me\" is a torch song sung by the character of Nancy in the 1960 musical Oliver! and written by Lionel Bart. Georgia Brown, who was the first actress to play Nancy, introduced the song. It is a love ballad expressing Nancy's love for her criminal boyfriend Bill Sikes despite his mistreatment of her. In the film adaptation of the musical, it was sung by Shani Wallis." ]

[ "Nancy" ]

[ "In August 1993, prior to the end of apartheid, the Multiparty Negotiating Forum in South Africa passed a resolution calling for \"the incorporation-reintegration of Walvis Bay and the Off-Shore Islands into Namibia.\" [25] The Transfer of Walvis Bay to Namibia Act was passed by the Parliament of South Africa that year.[26] Following the signing of a treaty between the two countries, South Africa formally transferred sovereignty of Walvis Bay and the Penguin Islands to Namibia on 1 March 1994.[27]" ]

[ "1 March 1994" ]

[ "This is a list of islands of the Philippines. The Philippine archipelago comprises about 7,641[1] islands,[2] of which only about 2,000 are inhabited.[3] They are clustered into the three major island groups of Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao." ]

[ "about 7,641" ]

[ "\n\nPeter Rabbit\n\n\n\nTheatrical release poster\n\n\n\nDirected by\nWill Gluck\n\n\nProduced by\n\n\n\nWill Gluck\nZareh Nalbandian\n\n\n\n\n\nScreenplay by\n\n\n\nRob Lieber\nWill Gluck\n\n\n\n\n\nBased on\nPeter Rabbit\nby Beatrix Potter\n\n\nStarring\n\n\n\nRose Byrne\nDomhnall Gleeson\nSam Neill\nDaisy Ridley\nElizabeth Debicki\nMargot Robbie\nJames Corden\n\n\n\n\n\nMusic by\nDominic Lewis[1]\n\n\nCinematography\nPeter Menzies Jr.\n\n\nEdited by\nChristian Gazal\n\n\n\nProduction\ncompany\n\n\n\n\n\nColumbia Pictures[2]\nSony Pictures Animation[2]\nOlive Bridge Entertainment[2]\nAnimal Logic[2]\n2.0 Entertainment[2]\nScreen Australia[2]\nScreen NSW[2]\n\n\n\n\n\n\nDistributed by\nSony Pictures Releasing\n\n\n\nRelease date\n\n\n\n\nFebruary 3, 2018 (2018-02-03) (The Grove)\nFebruary 9, 2018 (2018-02-09) (United States)\nMarch 22, 2018 (2018-03-22) (Australia)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nRunning time\n\n95 minutes[3]\n\n\nCountry\n\n\n\nUnited States[4]\nAustralia[5]\n\n\n\n\n\nLanguage\nEnglish\n\n\nBudget\n$50 million[6]\n\n\nBox office\n$299.1 million[7]\n\n", "\n\nPeter Rabbit\n\n\n\nTheatrical release poster\n\n\n\nDirected by\nWill Gluck\n\n\nProduced by\n\n\n\nWill Gluck\nZareh Nalbandian\n\n\n\n\n\nScreenplay by\n\n\n\nRob Lieber\nWill Gluck\n\n\n\n\n\nBased on\nPeter Rabbit\nby Beatrix Potter\n\n\nStarring\n\n\n\nRose Byrne\nDomhnall Gleeson\nSam Neill\nDaisy Ridley\nElizabeth Debicki\nMargot Robbie\nJames Corden\n\n\n\n\n\nMusic by\nDominic Lewis[1]\n\n\nCinematography\nPeter Menzies Jr.\n\n\nEdited by\nChristian Gazal\n\n\n\nProduction\ncompany\n\n\n\n\n\nColumbia Pictures[2]\nSony Pictures Animation[2]\nOlive Bridge Entertainment[2]\nAnimal Logic[2]\n2.0 Entertainment[2]\nScreen Australia[2]\nScreen NSW[2]\n\n\n\n\n\n\nDistributed by\nSony Pictures Releasing\n\n\n\nRelease date\n\n\n\n\nFebruary 3, 2018 (2018-02-03) (The Grove)\nFebruary 9, 2018 (2018-02-09) (United States)\nMarch 22, 2018 (2018-03-22) (Australia)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nRunning time\n\n95 minutes[3]\n\n\nCountry\n\n\n\nUnited States[4]\nAustralia[5]\n\n\n\n\n\nLanguage\nEnglish\n\n\nBudget\n$50 million[6]\n\n\nBox office\n$299.1 million[7]\n\n", "\n\nPeter Rabbit\n\n\n\nTheatrical release poster\n\n\n\nDirected by\nWill Gluck\n\n\nProduced by\n\n\n\nWill Gluck\nZareh Nalbandian\n\n\n\n\n\nScreenplay by\n\n\n\nRob Lieber\nWill Gluck\n\n\n\n\n\nBased on\nPeter Rabbit\nby Beatrix Potter\n\n\nStarring\n\n\n\nRose Byrne\nDomhnall Gleeson\nSam Neill\nDaisy Ridley\nElizabeth Debicki\nMargot Robbie\nJames Corden\n\n\n\n\n\nMusic by\nDominic Lewis[1]\n\n\nCinematography\nPeter Menzies Jr.\n\n\nEdited by\nChristian Gazal\n\n\n\nProduction\ncompany\n\n\n\n\n\nColumbia Pictures[2]\nSony Pictures Animation[2]\nOlive Bridge Entertainment[2]\nAnimal Logic[2]\n2.0 Entertainment[2]\nScreen Australia[2]\nScreen NSW[2]\n\n\n\n\n\n\nDistributed by\nSony Pictures Releasing\n\n\n\nRelease date\n\n\n\n\nFebruary 3, 2018 (2018-02-03) (The Grove)\nFebruary 9, 2018 (2018-02-09) (United States)\nMarch 22, 2018 (2018-03-22) (Australia)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nRunning time\n\n95 minutes[3]\n\n\nCountry\n\n\n\nUnited States[4]\nAustralia[5]\n\n\n\n\n\nLanguage\nEnglish\n\n\nBudget\n$50 million[6]\n\n\nBox office\n$299.1 million[7]\n\n" ]

[ "February 3, 2018 (2018-02-03) (The Grove)", "February 9, 2018 (2018-02-09) (United States)", "March 22, 2018 (2018-03-22) (Australia)" ]

[ "At the beginning of Season 8, Pam is revealed to be pregnant with her and Jim's second child, Philip Halpert. The child coincided with Jenna Fischer's actual pregnancy. She begins her maternity leave after \"Pam's Replacement\". Pam returns in \"Jury Duty\", where she and Jim bring Cece and Phillip into the office. In both \"Tallahassee\" and \"Test the Store\" Pam is shown helping, and developing her friendship with Andy." ]

[ "Season 8" ]

[ "Alex (Ariel Winter) is ready to start her first day as a student as she leaves home to be in Caltech and Haley (Sarah Hyland) goes with her. Here, Alex meets her new roommate Maisie who replaces her original roommate and does not get along with her as she finds her clumsy. Haley explains to her that they were roommate during eight years and had hard time to adjust with her new life, which makes Alex reconsider her decision." ]

[ "Caltech" ]

[ "After Jimmy deny Dandy’s opportunity to join the troupe, Gloria, with the intent to console her son, mistakes a demented serial killer clown named Twisty (John Carroll Lynch), who was responsible for the recent crimes that plagued around town, as a stray circus performer and brings him to surprise Dandy as his playmate. When Dandy peeks in Twisty's belongings, however, the latter knocks him down and runs away back to his dwelling at the woods, where he has several kidnapped children for his personal performance; his plan is to win back their attention against the freaks, who had cruelly taunted him in his past life as a former troupe member, leaving him devastated and hence fuelling him to attempt at his life, which resulted in his lower jaw mutilated after shooting himself in his mouth. Dandy follows Twisty and forms an allegiance with him after discovering the Twisty’s intentions." ]

[ "John Carroll Lynch" ]

[ "\n\n\nContestant\n\nAge\n\nHometown\n\nOccupation\n\nMentor\n\nStatus\n\n\nGerron Hurt\n\n25\n\nLouisville, Kentucky\n\nEnglish Teacher\n\nJoe\n\nWinner September 19\n\n\nAshley Mincey\n\n28\n\nOpa-Locka, Florida\n\nProfessional Grocery Shopper\n\nGordon\n\nRunners-up September 19\n\n\nCesar Cano\n\n33\n\nHouston, Texas\n\nHigh School Teacher\n\nAarón\n\n\nSamantha Daily\n\n20\n\nWest Des Moines, Iowa\n\nCollege Student\n\nGordon\n\nEliminated September 12\n\n\nBowen Li\n\n24\n\nTianjin, China\n\nPilot\n\nGordon\n\n\nFarhan Momin\n\n25\n\nChicago, Illinois\n\nDental Student\n\nAarón\n\nEliminated September 5\n\n\nJulia Danno\n\n43\n\nChicago, Illinois\n\nSales Manager\n\nAarón\n\nEliminated August 29\n\n\nShanika Patterson\n\n34\n\nMiami, Florida\n\nEvent Promoter\n\nJoe\n\n\nTaylor Waltmon\n\n30\n\nHouston, Texas\n\nSales Training Director\n\nGordon\n\nEliminated August 22\n\n\nEmily Hallock\n\n28\n\nNeenah, Wisconsin\n\nFood Research Analyst\n\nJoe\n\n\nChelsea Sargent\n\n28\n\nHouston, Texas\n\nSales Specialist\n\nAarón\n\nEliminated August 15\n\n\nSeung Joo \"SJ\" Yun[3][4]\n\n21\n\nLos Angeles, California\n\nCollege Student\n\nGordon\n\n\nRalph Xavier Degala\n\n29\n\nHouston, Texas\n\nSenior Accountant\n\nJoe\n\nEliminated August 8\n\n\nMark Ingraham\n\n19\n\nRockport, Maine\n\nDishwasher\n\nJoe\n\nEliminated August 1\n\n\nRyan Cortez\n\n33\n\nHouston, Texas\n\nDrummer\n\nAarón\n\nEliminated July 25\n\n\nLindsay Haigh\n\n41\n\nOrange, Massachusetts\n\nTrial Attorney\n\nAarón\n\nEliminated July 18\n\n\nMatthew \"Matt\" Houck[5]\n\n28\n\nIowa City, Iowa\n\nOptometrist\n\nJoe\n\n\nJuni Cuevas\n\n28\n\nRaleigh, North Carolina\n\nDisability Analyst\n\nAarón\n\nEliminated July 11\n\n\nAlecia Winters\n\n30\n\nGrand Rapids, Michigan\n\nDaycare Owner\n\nAarón\n\nEliminated June 27\n\n\nDarrick Kraus\n\n34\n\nPeoria, Arizona\n\nEngineer\n\nGordon\n\nEliminated June 20\n\n\nOlusola Ogbomo\n\n29\n\nColumbia, South Carolina\n\nBus Driver\n\nJoe\n\nEliminated June 13\n\n\nStephanie Willis\n\n32\n\nCherry Hill, New Jersey\n\nBartender\n\nGordon\n\n\nSal Maida\n\n31\n\nLos Angeles, California\n\nArchitect\n\nJoe\n\nEliminated June 6\n\n\nSid Hoeltzell\n\n63\n\nMiami, Florida\n\nFood Photographer\n\nGordon\n" ]

[ "Farhan Momin" ]

[ "The humerus is the (upper) arm bone. It joins with the scapula above at the shoulder joint (or glenohumeral joint) and with the ulna and radius below at the elbow joint." ]

[ "The humerus" ]

[ "\n\nSeason\nEpisodes\nOriginally aired\n\n\nFirst aired\nLast aired\n\n\n\n1\n8\nMay 25, 2017 (2017-05-25)\nJuly 13, 2017 (2017-07-13)\n\n\n\n2\n10\nJanuary 11, 2018\nMarch 2018\n\n" ]

[ "8" ]

[ "The James R. Thompson Center (JRTC) is located at 100 W. Randolph Street in the Loop district of Chicago and houses offices of the Illinois state government." ]

[ "houses offices of the Illinois state government" ]

[ "Elections to the United States Senate will be held November 6, 2018, with 33 of the 100 seats in the Senate being contested in regular elections. The winners will serve six-year terms from January 3, 2019, to January 3, 2025. Currently, Democrats have 23 seats up for election along with 2 independents who caucus with them. Republicans have 8 seats up for election. Two of the Republican seats are open as a result of Tennessee Senator Bob Corker's and Arizona Senator Jeff Flake's pending retirements. The seats up for election in 2018 were last up for election in 2012, although some seats may have special elections if incumbents die or resign, as has already happened in Alabama and Minnesota.[2] After the 2016 elections, some state election officials are trying to upgrade voting systems in time for this election.[3]" ]

[ "33" ]

[ "\"The Ballad of Lucy Jordan\" is a song by American poet and songwriter Shel Silverstein. It was originally recorded by Dr. Hook & the Medicine Show, with the name spelled \"Jordon\". The song describes the disillusionment and mental deterioration of a suburban housewife, who climbs to a rooftop \"when the laughter grew too loud.\"" ]

[ "Shel Silverstein" ]

[ "The American Civil War was fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865. The result of a long-standing controversy over slavery, war broke out in April 1861, when Confederates attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina, shortly after Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated. The nationalists of the Union proclaimed loyalty to the U.S. Constitution. They faced secessionists of the Confederate States of America, who advocated for states’ rights to perpetual slavery and its expansion in the Americas." ]

[ "April 1861" ]

[ "In republics with a parliamentary system (such as India, Germany, Austria, Italy and Israel) the head of state is usually titled president and the principal functions of such presidents are mainly ceremonial and symbolic, as opposed to the presidents in a presidential or semi-presidential system.\n" ]

[ "president" ]

[ "Aqueducts moved water through gravity alone, along a slight overall downward gradient within conduits of stone, brick, or concrete; the steeper the gradient, the faster the flow. Most conduits were buried beneath the ground and followed the contours of the terrain; obstructing peaks were circumvented or, less often, tunneled through. Where valleys or lowlands intervened, the conduit was carried on bridgework, or its contents fed into high-pressure lead, ceramic, or stone pipes and siphoned across. Most aqueduct systems included sedimentation tanks, which helped reduce any water-borne debris. Sluices and castella aquae (distribution tanks) regulated the supply to individual destinations. In cities and towns, the run-off water from aqueducts scoured the drains and sewers." ]

[ "gravity" ]

[ "The West Virginia teachers' strike began on February 22, 2018 with a call from the West Virginia branches of the American Federation of Teachers and the National Education Association for teachers across West Virginia to strike. The strike, called in response to anger among teachers and other school employees over low pay and high health care costs, involved roughly 20,000 teachers and public school employees and shut down schools in all 55 West Virginia counties, affecting some 250,000 students. It lasted until March 7, 2018.[1][2]" ]

[ "February 22, 2018" ]

[ "\n\nRank\nSovereign state/dependency\nTotal in km2 (mi2)\nLand in km2 (mi2)\nWater in km2 (mi2)\n % water\nNotes\n\n\n5000000000000000000♠ –\n World\n7014510072000000000♠510,072,000\n(196,940,000)\n7014148940000000000♠148,940,000\n(57,510,000)\n7014361132000000000♠361,132,000\n(139,434,000)\n70.8\n\n\n\n7000100000000000000♠1\n Russia\n7013170982460000000♠17,098,246\n(6,601,670)\n7013163777420000000♠16,377,742\n(6,323,482)\n7011720500000000000♠720,500\n(278,200)\n4.21\nLargest country in the world (10.995% of the world's landmass); its Asian portion makes it the largest country in Asia, and its European portion of roughly 3,960,000 km2 (1,530,000 sq mi) makes it the largest country in Europe.[Note 2]\n\n\n1vend –\n Antarctica\n7013140000000000000♠14,000,000\n(5,400,000)\n7013140000000000000♠14,000,000\n(5,400,000)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n13,720,000 km2 (5,300,000 sq mi) (98%) of land area is covered by ice. Though not itself a country, areas are claimed by a number of countries.[Note 3]\n\n\n7000200000000000000♠2\n Canada\n7012998467000000000♠9,984,670\n(3,855,100)\n7012909350700000000♠9,093,507\n(3,511,023)\n7011891163000000000♠891,163\n(344,080)\n8.93\nLargest country in the Western Hemisphere, with the largest surface area of water. Total area and water area figures include area covered by freshwater only, and do not include internal waters (non-freshwater) of about 1,600,000 km2, or territorial waters of 200,000 km2[4][5]\n\n\n7000300000000000000♠3\n China\n7012959696100000000♠9,596,961\n(3,705,407)\n7012932641000000000♠9,326,410\n(3,600,950)\n7011270550000000000♠270,550\n(104,460)\n2.82\nLargest country wholly in Asia and second largest country within in that continent. Excludes Taiwan, disputed territories with India, and disputed islands in the South China Sea (total 137,296 km2). Figures for total area and water area also exclude all coastal and territorial waters.[Note 4]\n\n\n7000400000000000000♠4\n United States\n7012952506700000000♠9,525,067\n(3,677,649) –\n7012983351700000000♠9,833,517\n(3,796,742)\n7012914759300000000♠9,147,593\n(3,531,905) –\n7012914764300000000♠9,147,643\n(3,531,925)\n7011377424000000000♠377,424[7]\n(145,724) –\n7011685924000000000♠685,924\n(264,837)\n3.96–6.97\nSecond largest country in the Americas, after Canada. Secondary figures for total area and water area denote the inclusion of all coastal and territorial waters into the statistical area.[Note 4]\n\n\n7000500000000000000♠5\n Brazil\n7012851576700000000♠8,515,767\n(3,287,956)\n7012846041500000000♠8,460,415\n(3,266,584)\n7010553520000000000♠55,352\n(21,372)\n0.65\nThe largest country in South America and in the Southern Hemisphere. Largest contiguous territory in the Americas.[11]\n\n\n7000600000000000000♠6\n Australia\n7012769202400000000♠7,692,024\n(2,969,907)\n7012763356500000000♠7,633,565\n(2,947,336)\n7010584590000000000♠58,459\n(22,571)\n0.76\nThe largest country in Oceania, the largest country without land borders, and the largest country completely in the Southern Hemisphere.[Note 5]\n\n\n7000700000000000000♠7\n India\n7012328726300000000♠3,287,263\n(1,269,219)\n7012297319000000000♠2,973,190\n(1,147,960)\n7011314073000000000♠314,073\n(121,264)\n9.55\nThird largest country in Asia.[Note 6]\n\n\n7000800000000000000♠8\n Argentina\n7012278040000000000♠2,780,400\n(1,073,500)\n7012273669000000000♠2,736,690\n(1,056,640)\n7010437100000000000♠43,710\n(16,880)\n1.57\nThe largest Spanish-speaking country and second largest country in South America.[Note 7]\n\n\n7000900000000000000♠9\n Kazakhstan\n7012272490000000000♠2,724,900\n(1,052,100)\n7012269970000000000♠2,699,700\n(1,042,400)\n7010252000000000000♠25,200\n(9,700)\n0.92\nLargest landlocked country.[16]\n\n\n7001100000000000000♠10\n Algeria\n7012238174100000000♠2,381,741\n(919,595)\n7012238174100000000♠2,381,741\n(919,595)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\nThe largest Berber-speaking and Arabic-speaking country and largest country in Africa.[Note 8]\n\n\n7001110000000000000♠11\nCongoD ! Democratic Republic of the Congo\n7012234485800000000♠2,344,858\n(905,355)\n7012226704800000000♠2,267,048\n(875,312)\n7010778100000000000♠77,810\n(30,040)\n3.32\nLargest country in Sub-Saharan Africa. 2nd largest country in Africa.\n\n\nend –\n Greenland (Denmark)\n7012216608600000000♠2,166,086\n(836,330)\n7012216608600000000♠2,166,086\n(836,330)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\nPart of the Kingdom of Denmark.[Note 9]\n\n\n7001120000000000000♠12\n Saudi Arabia\n7012214969000000000♠2,149,690\n(830,000)\n7012214969000000000♠2,149,690\n(830,000)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\nLargest country in the Middle East.\n\n\n7001130000000000000♠13\n Mexico\n7012196437500000000♠1,964,375\n(758,449)\n7012194394500000000♠1,943,945\n(750,561)\n7010204300000000000♠20,430\n(7,890)\n1.04\nClipperton Island (8.9 km², controlled by France) is not included.\n\n\n7001140000000000000♠14\n Indonesia\n7012191093100000000♠1,910,931\n(737,815)\n7012181156900000000♠1,811,569\n(699,451)\n7010930000000000000♠93,000\n(36,000)\n4.87\nThe largest archipelagic state and island state in the world by area and population.[18]\n\n\n7001150000000000000♠15\n Sudan\n7012186148400000000♠1,861,484\n(718,723)\n7006176505900000000♠not determined\n7004964250000000000♠not determined\n5.18not determined\n[Note 10]\nFormerly the largest country in Africa. It is now the 3rd largest country in Africa.[Note 11]\n\n\n7001160000000000000♠16\n Libya\n7012175954000000000♠1,759,540\n(679,360)\n7012175954000000000♠1,759,540\n(679,360)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7001170000000000000♠17\n Iran\n7012164819500000000♠1,648,195\n(636,372)\n7012153159500000000♠1,531,595\n(591,352)\n7011116600000000000♠116,600\n(45,000)\n7.07\n[Note 12]\n\n\n7001180000000000000♠18\n Mongolia\n7012156411000000000♠1,564,110\n(603,910)\n7012155355600000000♠1,553,556\n(599,831)\n7010105600000000000♠10,560\n(4,080)\n0.68\n\n\n\n7001190000000000000♠19\n Peru\n7012128521600000000♠1,285,216\n(496,225)\n7012127999600000000♠1,279,996\n(494,209)\n7009522000000000000♠5,220\n(2,020)\n0.41\nThird largest Spanish-speaking country and third largest country in South America.\n\n\n7001200000000000000♠20\n Chad\n7012128400000000000♠1,284,000\n(496,000)\n7012125920000000000♠1,259,200\n(486,200)\n7010248000000000000♠24,800\n(9,600)\n1.93\n\n\n\n7001210000000000000♠21\n Niger\n7012126700000000000♠1,267,000\n(489,000)\n7012126670000000000♠1,266,700\n(489,100)\n7008300000000000000♠300\n(120)\n0.02\n\n\n\n7001220000000000000♠22\n Angola\n7012124670000000000♠1,246,700\n(481,400)\n7012124670000000000♠1,246,700\n(481,400)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7001230000000000000♠23\n Mali\n7012124019200000000♠1,240,192\n(478,841)\n7012122019000000000♠1,220,190\n(471,120)\n7010200020000000000♠20,002\n(7,723)\n1.61\n\n\n\n7001240000000000000♠24\n South Africa\n7012122103700000000♠1,221,037\n(471,445)\n7012121447000000000♠1,214,470\n(468,910)\n7009462000000000000♠4,620\n(1,780)\n0.38\n\n\n\n7001250000000000000♠25\n Colombia\n7012114174800000000♠1,141,748\n(440,831)\n7012103870000000000♠1,038,700\n(401,000)\n7011100210000000000♠100,210\n(38,690)\n8.8\n\n\n\n7001260000000000000♠26\n Ethiopia\n7012110430000000000♠1,104,300\n(426,400)\n7012100000000000000♠1,000,000\n(390,000)\n7011104300000000000♠104,300\n(40,300)\n0.7\n[Note 13]\n\n\n7001270000000000000♠27\n Bolivia\n7012109858100000000♠1,098,581\n(424,164)\n7012108330100000000♠1,083,301\n(418,265)\n7010152800000000000♠15,280\n(5,900)\n1.39\n\n\n\n7001280000000000000♠28\n Mauritania\n7012103070000000000♠1,030,700\n(398,000)\n7012102552000000000♠1,025,520\n(395,960)\n7009448000000000000♠4,480\n(1,730)\n0.44\n\n\n\n7001290000000000000♠29\n Egypt\n7012100245000000000♠1,002,450\n(387,050)\n7011995450000000000♠995,450\n(384,350)\n7009600000000000000♠6,000\n(2,300)\n0.6\n\n\n\n7001300000000000000♠30\n Tanzania\n7011945087000000000♠945,087\n(364,900)\n7011885800000000000♠885,800\n(342,000)\n7010615000000000000♠61,500\n(23,700)\n6.49\n\n\n\n7001310000000000000♠31\n Nigeria\n7011923768000000000♠923,768\n(356,669)\n7011910768000000000♠910,768\n(351,649)\n7010130000000000000♠13,000\n(5,000)\n1.41\n\n\n\n7001320000000000000♠32\n Venezuela\n7011916445000000000♠916,445\n(353,841)\n7011882050000000000♠882,050\n(340,560)\n7010300000000000000♠30,000\n(12,000)\n3.29\n\n\n\n7001330000000000000♠33\n Pakistan\n7011881912000000000♠881,912\n(340,508)\n7011881912000000000♠881,912\n(340,508)\n7010252200000000000♠25,220\n(9,740)\n2.86\n[Note 14]\n\n\n7001340000000000000♠34\n Namibia\n7011825615000000000♠825,615\n(318,772)\n7011823290000000000♠823,290\n(317,870)\n7009242500000000000♠2,425\n(936)\n0.12\n\n\n\n7001350000000000000♠35\n Mozambique\n7011801590000000000♠801,590\n(309,500)\n7011786380000000000♠786,380\n(303,620)\n7010130000000000000♠13,000\n(5,000)\n1.63\n\n\n\n7001360000000000000♠36\n Turkey\n7011783562000000000♠783,562\n(302,535)\n7011769632000000000♠769,632\n(297,157)\n7010139300000000000♠13,930\n(5,380)\n1.78\n\n\n\n7001370000000000000♠37\n Chile\n7011756102000000000♠756,102\n(291,933)\n7011743812000000000♠743,812\n(287,187)\n7010122900000000000♠12,290\n(4,750)\n1.63\n[Note 15]\n\n\n7001380000000000000♠38\n Zambia\n7011752612000000000♠752,612\n(290,585)\n7011743398000000000♠743,398\n(287,028)\n7009922000000000000♠9,220\n(3,560)\n1.23\n\n\n\n7001390000000000000♠39\n Myanmar\n7011676578000000000♠676,578\n(261,228)\n7011653508000000000♠653,508\n(252,321)\n7010230700000000000♠23,070\n(8,910)\n3.41\nAlso known as Burma.\n\n\n7001400000000000000♠40\n Afghanistan\n7011652230000000000♠652,230\n(251,830)\n7011652230000000000♠652,230\n(251,830)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7001410000000000000♠41\n South Sudan\n7011644329000000000♠644,329\n(248,777)\n7005610953000000000♠not determined\n7004333760000000000♠not determined\n5.18not determined\n[Note 10]\n[Note 16]\n\n\n7001420000000000000♠42\n France\n7011640679000000000♠640,679\n(247,368)\n7011640427000000000♠640,427\n(247,270)\n7009337400000000000♠3,374\n(1,303)\n0.52\nFigures include metropolitan France (in Europe) as well as the five overseas regions. This does not include New Caledonia (an autonomous sui generis collectivity), the five autonomous overseas collectivities, and the two uninhabited territories (the French Southern and Antarctic Lands and Clipperton Island) which are listed individually, although also part of the French Republic.[Note 17]\n\n\n7001430000000000000♠43\n Somalia\n7011637657000000000♠637,657\n(246,201)\n7011627337000000000♠627,337\n(242,216)\n7010103200000000000♠10,320\n(3,980)\n1.62\n[Note 18]\n\n\n7001440000000000000♠44\n Central African Republic\n7011622984000000000♠622,984\n(240,535)\n7011622984000000000♠622,984\n(240,535)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7001450000000000000♠45\n Ukraine\n7011603500000000000♠603,500\n(233,000)\n7011579300000000000♠579,300\n(223,700)\n7010242000000000000♠24,200\n(9,300)\n4.01\nLargest country wholly in Europe.[Note 19]\n\n\n7001460000000000000♠46\n Madagascar\n7011587041000000000♠587,041\n(226,658)\n7011581540000000000♠581,540\n(224,530)\n7009550100000000000♠5,501\n(2,124)\n0.94\n\n\n\n7001470000000000000♠47\n Botswana\n7011581730000000000♠581,730\n(224,610)\n7011566730000000000♠566,730\n(218,820)\n7010150000000000000♠15,000\n(5,800)\n2.58\n[Note 20]\n\n\n7001480000000000000♠48\n Kenya\n7011580367000000000♠580,367\n(224,081)\n7011569140000000000♠569,140\n(219,750)\n7010112270000000000♠11,227\n(4,335)\n1.93\n\n\n\n7001490000000000000♠49\n Yemen\n7011527968000000000♠527,968\n(203,850)\n7011527968000000000♠527,968\n(203,850)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7001500000000000000♠50\n Thailand\n7011513120000000000♠513,120\n(198,120)\n7011510890000000000♠510,890\n(197,260)\n7009223000000000000♠2,230\n(860)\n0.43\n\n\n\n7001510000000000000♠51\n Spain\n7011505992000000000♠505,992\n(195,365)\n7011498980000000000♠498,980\n(192,660)\n7009639000000000000♠6,390\n(2,470)\n1.26\n\n\n\n7001520000000000000♠52\n Turkmenistan\n7011488100000000000♠488,100\n(188,500)\n7011469930000000000♠469,930\n(181,440)\n7010181700000000000♠18,170\n(7,020)\n3.72\n\n\n\n7001530000000000000♠53\n Cameroon\n7011475442000000000♠475,442\n(183,569)\n7011472710000000000♠472,710\n(182,510)\n7009273000000000000♠2,730\n(1,050)\n0.57\n\n\n\n7001540000000000000♠54\n Papua New Guinea\n7011462840000000000♠462,840\n(178,700)\n7011452860000000000♠452,860\n(174,850)\n7009998000000000000♠9,980\n(3,850)\n2.16\n\n\n\n7001550000000000000♠55\n Sweden\n7011450295000000000♠450,295\n(173,860)\n7011410335000000000♠410,335\n(158,431)\n7010399600000000000♠39,960\n(15,430)\n8.87\n\n\n\n7001560000000000000♠56\n Uzbekistan\n7011447400000000000♠447,400\n(172,700)\n7011425400000000000♠425,400\n(164,200)\n7010220000000000000♠22,000\n(8,500)\n4.92\n\n\n\n7001570000000000000♠57\n Morocco\n7011446550000000000♠446,550\n(172,410)\n7011446300000000000♠446,300\n(172,300)\n7008250000000000000♠250\n(97)\n0.06\n[Note 21]\n\n\n7001580000000000000♠58\n Iraq\n7011438317000000000♠438,317\n(169,235)\n7011437367000000000♠437,367\n(168,868)\n7008950000000000000♠950\n(370)\n0.22\n[Note 22]\n\n\n7001590000000000000♠59\n Paraguay\n7011406752000000000♠406,752\n(157,048)\n7011397302000000000♠397,302\n(153,399)\n7009945000000000000♠9,450\n(3,650)\n2.32\n\n\n\n7001600000000000000♠60\n Zimbabwe\n7011390757000000000♠390,757\n(150,872)\n7011386847000000000♠386,847\n(149,362)\n7009391000000000000♠3,910\n(1,510)\n1\n\n\n\n7001610000000000000♠61\n Japan\n7011377930000000000♠377,930\n(145,920)\n7011364485000000000♠364,485\n(140,728)\n7010134300000000000♠13,430\n(5,190)\n3.55\n\n\n\n7001620000000000000♠62\n Germany\n7011357114000000000♠357,114\n(137,882)\n7011348672000000000♠348,672\n(134,623)\n7009835000000000000♠8,350\n(3,220)\n2.34\nBefore the 1990 German reunification, West Germany 248,577 (95,976) and East Germany 108,333 (41,828)\n\n\n7001630000000000000♠63\nCongoR ! Republic of the Congo\n7011342000000000000♠342,000\n(132,000)\n7011341500000000000♠341,500\n(131,900)\n7008500000000000000♠500\n(190)\n0.15\n\n\n\n7001640000000000000♠64\n Finland\n7011338424000000000♠338,424\n(130,666)\n7011303815000000000♠303,815\n(117,304)\n7010343300000000000♠34,330\n(13,250)\n10.15\n[Note 23]\n\n\n7001650000000000000♠65\n Vietnam\n7011331212000000000♠331,212\n(127,882)\n7011310070000000000♠310,070\n(119,720)\n7010211400000000000♠21,140\n(8,160)\n6.38\n\n\n\n7001660000000000000♠66\n Malaysia\n7011330803000000000♠330,803\n(127,724)\n7011329613000000000♠329,613\n(127,264)\n7009119000000000000♠1,190\n(460)\n0.35\n\n\n\n7001670000000000000♠67\n Norway\n7011323802000000000♠323,802\n(125,021)\n7011304282000000000♠304,282\n(117,484)\n7010195200000000000♠19,520\n(7,540)\n6.03\n[Note 24]\n\n\n7001680000000000000♠68\n Ivory Coast\n7011322463000000000♠322,463\n(124,504)\n7011318003000000000♠318,003\n(122,782)\n7009446000000000000♠4,460\n(1,720)\n1.38\n\n\n\n7001690000000000000♠69\n Poland\n7011312679000000000♠312,679\n(120,726)\n7011311888000000000♠311,888\n(120,421)\n7008791000000000000♠791\n(305)\n3.07\n\n\n\n7001700000000000000♠70\n Oman\n7011309500000000000♠309,500\n(119,500)\n7011309500000000000♠309,500\n(119,500)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7001710000000000000♠71\n Italy\n7011301336000000000♠301,336\n(116,346)\n7011294140000000000♠294,140\n(113,570)\n7009720000000000000♠7,200\n(2,800)\n2.39\n\n\n\n7001720000000000000♠72\n Philippines\n7011300000000000000♠300,000\n(115,831)\n7011298170000000000♠298,170\n(115,120)\n7009183000000000000♠1,830\n(710)\n0.61\n\n\n\n7001730000000000000♠73\n Ecuador\n7011276841000000000♠276,841\n(106,889)\n7011256369000000000♠256,369\n(98,985)\n7009672000000000000♠6,720\n(2,590)\n2.37\n[Note 25]\n\n\n7001740000000000000♠74\n Burkina Faso\n7011274222000000000♠274,222\n(105,878)\n7011273602000000000♠273,602\n(105,638)\n7008620000000000000♠620\n(240)\n0.23\n[Note 26]\n\n\n7001750000000000000♠75\n New Zealand\n7011270467000000000♠270,467\n(104,428)\n7011262443000000000♠262,443\n(101,330)\n7009439500000000000♠4,395\n(1,697)\n1.65\n[Note 27]\n\n\n7001760000000000000♠76\n Gabon\n7011267668000000000♠267,668\n(103,347)\n7011257667000000000♠257,667\n(99,486)\n7010100000000000000♠10,000\n(3,900)\n3.74\n\n\n\nend –\n Western Sahara\n7011266000000000000♠266,000\n(103,000)\n7011266000000000000♠266,000\n(103,000)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\nDisputed territory.[Note 28]\n\n\n7001770000000000000♠77\n Guinea\n7011245857000000000♠245,857\n(94,926)\n7011245717000000000♠245,717\n(94,872)\n7008140000000000000♠140\n(54)\n0.06\n\n\n\n7001780000000000000♠78\n United Kingdom\n7011242495000000000♠242,495\n(93,628)\n7011241930000000000♠241,930\n(93,410)\n7009168000000000000♠1,680\n(650)\n0.69\n[Note 29]\n\n\n7001790000000000000♠79\n Uganda\n7011241550000000000♠241,550\n(93,260)\n7011197100000000000♠197,100\n(76,100)\n7010439380000000000♠43,938\n(16,965)\n18.23\n\n\n\n7001800000000000000♠80\n Ghana\n7011238533000000000♠238,533\n(92,098)\n7011227533000000000♠227,533\n(87,851)\n7010110000000000000♠11,000\n(4,200)\n4.61\n\n\n\n7001810000000000000♠81\n Romania\n7011238397000000000♠238,397\n(92,046)\n7011231291000000000♠231,291\n(89,302)\n7009710000000000000♠7,100\n(2,700)\n2.97\n\n\n\n7001820000000000000♠82\n Laos\n7011236800000000000♠236,800\n(91,400)\n7011230800000000000♠230,800\n(89,100)\n7009600000000000000♠6,000\n(2,300)\n2.53\n\n\n\n7001830000000000000♠83\n Guyana\n7011214969000000000♠214,969\n(83,000)\n7011196849000000000♠196,849\n(76,004)\n7010181200000000000♠18,120\n(7,000)\n8.43\n\n\n\n7001840000000000000♠84\n Belarus\n7011207600000000000♠207,600\n(80,200)\n7011202900000000000♠202,900\n(78,300)\n7009470000000000000♠4,700\n(1,800)\n2.26\n\n\n\n7001850000000000000♠85\n Kyrgyzstan\n7011199951000000000♠199,951\n(77,202)\n7011191801000000000♠191,801\n(74,055)\n7009815000000000000♠8,150\n(3,150)\n4.08\n\n\n\n7001860000000000000♠86\n Senegal\n7011196722000000000♠196,722\n(75,955)\n7011192530000000000♠192,530\n(74,340)\n7009419200000000000♠4,192\n(1,619)\n2.13\n\n\n\n7001870000000000000♠87\n Syria\n7011185180000000000♠185,180\n(71,500)\n7011183630000000000♠183,630\n(70,900)\n7009155000000000000♠1,550\n(600)\n0.84\n[Note 30]\n\n\n7001880000000000000♠88\n Cambodia\n7011181035000000000♠181,035\n(69,898)\n7011176515000000000♠176,515\n(68,153)\n7009452000000000000♠4,520\n(1,750)\n2.5\n\n\n\n7001890000000000000♠89\n Uruguay\n7011176215000000000♠176,215\n(68,037)\n7011175015000000000♠175,015\n(67,574)\n7009120000000000000♠1,200\n(460)\n0.68\n\n\n\nend –\n Somaliland\n7011176120000000000♠176,120\n(68,000)\n\n\n\n[Note 31]\n\n\n7001900000000000000♠90\n Suriname\n7011163820000000000♠163,820\n(63,250)\n7011156000000000000♠156,000\n(60,000)\n7009782000000000000♠7,820\n(3,020)\n4.77\nSmallest country in South America.\n\n\n7001910000000000000♠91\n Tunisia\n7011163610000000000♠163,610\n(63,170)\n7011155360000000000♠155,360\n(59,980)\n7009825000000000000♠8,250\n(3,190)\n5.04\n\n\n\n7001920000000000000♠92\n Bangladesh\n7011147570000000000♠147,570\n(56,980)\n7011130168000000000♠130,168\n(50,258)\n7010138300000000000♠13,830\n(5,340)\n9.6\n[Note 32]\n\n\n7001930000000000000♠93\n Nepal\n7011147181000000000♠147,181\n(56,827)\n7011143351000000000♠143,351\n(55,348)\n7009383000000000000♠3,830\n(1,480)\n2.6\nLargest country in the Himalayan range\n\n\n7001940000000000000♠94\n Tajikistan\n7011143100000000000♠143,100\n(55,300)\n7011141510000000000♠141,510\n(54,640)\n7009259000000000000♠2,590\n(1,000)\n1.81\n\n\n\n7001950000000000000♠95\n Greece\n7011131990000000000♠131,990\n(50,960)\n7011130647000000000♠130,647\n(50,443)\n7009131000000000000♠1,310\n(510)\n0.99\n\n\n\n7001960000000000000♠96\n Nicaragua\n7011130373000000000♠130,373\n(50,337)\n7011119990000000000♠119,990\n(46,330)\n7010103800000000000♠10,380\n(4,010)\n7.96\nLargest country in Central America.\n\n\n7001970000000000000♠97\nKoreaN ! North Korea\n7011120540000000000♠120,540\n(46,540)\n7011120538000000000♠120,538\n(46,540)\n7006200000000000000♠2\n(0.77)\n0.11\n\n\n\n7001980000000000000♠98\n Malawi\n7011118484000000000♠118,484\n(45,747)\n7010940800000000000♠94,080\n(36,320)\n7010244040000000000♠24,404\n(9,422)\n20.6\n\n\n\n7001990000000000000♠99\n Eritrea\n7011117600000000000♠117,600\n(45,400)\n7011101000000000000♠101,000\n(39,000)\n7010166000000000000♠16,600\n(6,400)\n14.12\n\n\n\n7002100000000000000♠100\n Benin\n7011114763000000000♠114,763\n(44,310)\n7011114305000000000♠114,305\n(44,133)\n7008457569000000000♠457.569\n(176.668)\n0.40\n[Note 33]\n\n\n7002101000000000000♠101\n Honduras\n7011112492000000000♠112,492\n(43,433)\n7011111890000000000♠111,890\n(43,200)\n7008200000000000000♠200\n(77)\n0.18\n\n\n\n7002102000000000000♠102\n Liberia\n7011111369000000000♠111,369\n(43,000)\n7010963200000000000♠96,320\n(37,190)\n7010150490000000000♠15,049\n(5,810)\n13.51\n\n\n\n7002103000000000000♠103\n Bulgaria\n7011110879000000000♠110,879\n(42,811)\n7011108489000000000♠108,489\n(41,888)\n7009239000000000000♠2,390\n(920)\n2.16\n\n\n\n7002104000000000000♠104\n Cuba\n7011109884000000000♠109,884\n(42,426)\n7011109820000000000♠109,820\n(42,400)\n7009104000000000000♠1,040\n(400)\n0.94\nLargest country in Caribbean\n\n\n7002105000000000000♠105\n Guatemala\n7011108889000000000♠108,889\n(42,042)\n7011107159000000000♠107,159\n(41,374)\n7009173000000000000♠1,730\n(670)\n1.59\n\n\n\n7002106000000000000♠106\n Iceland\n7011103000000000000♠103,000\n(40,000)\n7011100250000000000♠100,250\n(38,710)\n7009275000000000000♠2,750\n(1,060)\n2.67\n\n\n\n7002107000000000000♠107\nKoreaS ! South Korea\n7011100210000000000♠100,210\n(38,690)\n7010999090000000000♠99,909\n(38,575)\n7008301000000000000♠301\n(116)\n0.3\n\n\n\n7002108000000000000♠108\n Hungary\n7010930280000000000♠93,028\n(35,918)\n7010896080000000000♠89,608\n(34,598)\n7009342000000000000♠3,420\n(1,320)\n3.68\n\n\n\n7002109000000000000♠109\n Portugal\n7010920900000000000♠92,090\n(35,560)\n7010914700000000000♠91,470\n(35,320)\n7008620000000000000♠620\n(240)\n0.67\n\n\n\n7002110000000000000♠110\n Jordan\n7010893420000000000♠89,342\n(34,495)\n7010888020000000000♠88,802\n(34,287)\n7008540000000000000♠540\n(210)\n0.6\n\n\n\n7002111000000000000♠111\n Serbia\n7010883610000000000♠88,361\n(34,116)\n7010882460000000000♠88,246\n(34,072)\n7008115000000000000♠115\n(44)\n0.13\n[Note 34]\n\n\n7002112000000000000♠112\n Azerbaijan\n7010866000000000000♠86,600\n(33,400)\n7010861000000000000♠86,100\n(33,200)\n7008500000000000000♠500\n(190)\n0.13\nLargest country in Caucasus.[Note 35]\n\n\n7002113000000000000♠113\n Austria\n7010838710000000000♠83,871\n(32,383)\n7010824450000000000♠82,445\n(31,832)\n7009142600000000000♠1,426\n(551)\n1.7\n\n\n\n7002114000000000000♠114\n United Arab Emirates\n7010836000000000000♠83,600\n(32,300)\n7010836000000000000♠83,600\n(32,300)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002115000000000000♠115\n Czech Republic\n7010788650000000000♠78,865\n(30,450)\n7010772470000000000♠77,247\n(29,825)\n7009162000000000000♠1,620\n(630)\n2.05\n\n\n\n7002116000000000000♠116\n Panama\n7010754170000000000♠75,417\n(29,119)\n7010743400000000000♠74,340\n(28,700)\n7009108000000000000♠1,080\n(420)\n1.43\n\n\n\n7002117000000000000♠117\n Sierra Leone\n7010717400000000000♠71,740\n(27,700)\n7010716200000000000♠71,620\n(27,650)\n7008120000000000000♠120\n(46)\n0.17\n\n\n\n7002118000000000000♠118\n Ireland\n7010702730000000000♠70,273\n(27,133)\n7010688830000000000♠68,883\n(26,596)\n7009139000000000000♠1,390\n(540)\n1.98\n\n\n\n7002119000000000000♠119\n Georgia\n7010697000000000000♠69,700\n(26,900)\n7010697000000000000♠69,700\n(26,900)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n[Note 36]\n\n\n7002120000000000000♠120\n Sri Lanka\n7010656100000000000♠65,610\n(25,330)\n7010627320000000000♠62,732\n(24,221)\n7009287800000000000♠2,878\n(1,111)\n4.4\n\n\n\n7002121000000000000♠121\n Lithuania\n7010653000000000000♠65,300\n(25,200)\n7010626800000000000♠62,680\n(24,200)\n7009262000000000000♠2,620\n(1,010)\n4.01\n\n\n\n7002122000000000000♠122\n Latvia\n7010645590000000000♠64,559\n(24,926)\n7010622490000000000♠62,249\n(24,034)\n7009234000000000000♠2,340\n(900)\n3.62\n\n\n\nend –\n Svalbard (Norway)\n7010620450000000000♠62,045\n(23,956)\n7010620450000000000♠62,045\n(23,956)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n[Note 37]\n\n\n7002123000000000000♠123\n Togo\n7010567850000000000♠56,785\n(21,925)\n7010543850000000000♠54,385\n(20,998)\n7009240000000000000♠2,400\n(930)\n4.23\n\n\n\n7002124000000000000♠124\n Croatia\n7010565940000000000♠56,594\n(21,851)\n7010559740000000000♠55,974\n(21,612)\n7008620000000000000♠620\n(240)\n1.1\n\n\n\n7002125000000000000♠125\n Bosnia and Herzegovina\n7010512090000000000♠51,209\n(19,772)\n7010511870000000000♠51,187\n(19,763)\n7007100000000000000♠10\n(3.9)\n0.02\n\n\n\n7002126000000000000♠126\n Costa Rica\n7010511000000000000♠51,100\n(19,700)\n7010510600000000000♠51,060\n(19,710)\n7007400000000000000♠40\n(15)\n0.08\n\n\n\n7002127000000000000♠127\n Slovakia\n7010490370000000000♠49,037\n(18,933)\n7010481050000000000♠48,105\n(18,573)\n7008930000000000000♠930\n(360)\n1.9\n\n\n\n7002128000000000000♠128\n Dominican Republic\n7010486710000000000♠48,671\n(18,792)\n7010483200000000000♠48,320\n(18,660)\n7008350000000000000♠350\n(140)\n0.72\n\n\n\n7002129000000000000♠129\n Estonia\n7010452270000000000♠45,227\n(17,462)\n7010423880000000000♠42,388\n(16,366)\n7009284000000000000♠2,840\n(1,100)\n6.28\n\n\n\n7002130000000000000♠130\n Denmark\n7010430940000000000♠43,094\n(16,639)\n7010424340000000000♠42,434\n(16,384)\n7008660000000000000♠660\n(250)\n1.53\nMetropolitan Denmark only, without Greenland and the Faroe Islands.[Note 38]\n\n\n7002131000000000000♠131\nNetherlands ! Netherlands\n7010418500000000000♠41,850\n(16,160)\n7010338930000000000♠33,893\n(13,086)\n7009765000000000000♠7,650\n(2,950)\n18.41\nIncludes the special municipalities, but excludes other countries in the Kingdom of the Netherlands, shown separately.[Note 39]\n\n\n7002132000000000000♠132\n Switzerland\n7010412840000000000♠41,284\n(15,940)\n7010399970000000000♠39,997\n(15,443)\n7009128000000000000♠1,280\n(490)\n3.1\n[Note 40]\n\n\n7002133000000000000♠133\n Bhutan\n7010383940000000000♠38,394\n(14,824)\n7010383940000000000♠38,394\n(14,824)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002134000000000000♠134\n Taiwan\n7010361930000000000♠36,193\n(13,974)\n7010322600000000000♠32,260\n(12,460)\n7009372000000000000♠3,720\n(1,440)\n10.34\nBefore the end of the Chinese Civil War in 1949, the Republic of China included Mainland China, Mongolia, Taiwan and other areas, totaling 11,418,174 km2 (4,408,582 sq mi).[Note 41]\n\n\n7002135000000000000♠135\n Guinea-Bissau\n7010361250000000000♠36,125\n(13,948)\n7010281200000000000♠28,120\n(10,860)\n7009800500000000000♠8,005\n(3,091)\n22.16\n\n\n\n7002136000000000000♠136\n Moldova\n7010338460000000000♠33,846\n(13,068)\n7010328910000000000♠32,891\n(12,699)\n7008960000000000000♠960\n(370)\n2.84\n[Note 42]\n\n\n7002137000000000000♠137\n Belgium\n7010305280000000000♠30,528\n(11,787)\n7010302780000000000♠30,278\n(11,690)\n7008250000000000000♠250\n(97)\n0.82\n\n\n\n7002138000000000000♠138\n Lesotho\n7010303550000000000♠30,355\n(11,720)\n7010303550000000000♠30,355\n(11,720)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002139000000000000♠139\n Armenia\n7010297430000000000♠29,743\n(11,484)\n7010283420000000000♠28,342\n(10,943)\n7009140100000000000♠1,401\n(541)\n4.71\n\n\n\n7002140000000000000♠140\n Solomon Islands\n7010288960000000000♠28,896\n(11,157)\n7010279860000000000♠27,986\n(10,805)\n7008910000000000000♠910\n(350)\n3.15\n\n\n\n7002141000000000000♠141\n Albania\n7010287480000000000♠28,748\n(11,100)\n7010273980000000000♠27,398\n(10,578)\n7009135000000000000♠1,350\n(520)\n4.7\n\n\n\n7002142000000000000♠142\n Equatorial Guinea\n7010280510000000000♠28,051\n(10,831)\n7010280510000000000♠28,051\n(10,831)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002143000000000000♠143\n Burundi\n7010278340000000000♠27,834\n(10,747)\n7010256800000000000♠25,680\n(9,920)\n7009215000000000000♠2,150\n(830)\n7.73\n\n\n\n7002144000000000000♠144\n Haiti\n7010277500000000000♠27,750\n(10,710)\n7010275600000000000♠27,560\n(10,640)\n7008190000000000000♠190\n(73)\n0.68\n\n\n\n7002145000000000000♠145\n Rwanda\n7010263380000000000♠26,338\n(10,169)\n7010246680000000000♠24,668\n(9,524)\n7009167000000000000♠1,670\n(640)\n6.34\n\n\n\n7002146000000000000♠146\n Macedonia\n7010257130000000000♠25,713\n(9,928)\n7010254330000000000♠25,433\n(9,820)\n7008280000000000000♠280\n(110)\n1.09\n\n\n\n7002147000000000000♠147\n Djibouti\n7010232000000000000♠23,200\n(9,000)\n7010231800000000000♠23,180\n(8,950)\n7007200000000000000♠20\n(7.7)\n0.09\n\n\n\n7002148000000000000♠148\n Belize\n7010229660000000000♠22,966\n(8,867)\n7010228060000000000♠22,806\n(8,805)\n7008160000000000000♠160\n(62)\n0.7\n\n\n\n7002149000000000000♠149\n El Salvador\n7010210410000000000♠21,041\n(8,124)\n7010207210000000000♠20,721\n(8,000)\n7008320000000000000♠320\n(120)\n1.52\nSmallest country in continental North America.\n\n\n7002150000000000000♠150\n Israel\n7010207700000000000♠20,770\n(8,020)\n7010203300000000000♠20,330\n(7,850)\n7008440000000000000♠440\n(170)\n2.12\n[Note 43]\n\n\n7002151000000000000♠151\n Slovenia\n7010202730000000000♠20,273\n(7,827)\n7010201510000000000♠20,151\n(7,780)\n7008122000000000000♠122\n(47)\n0.6\n\n\n\nend –\n New Caledonia (France)\n7010185750000000000♠18,575\n(7,172)\n7010182750000000000♠18,275\n(7,056)\n7008300000000000000♠300\n(120)\n1.62\n\n\n\n7002152000000000000♠152\n Fiji\n7010182720000000000♠18,272\n(7,055)\n7010182740000000000♠18,274\n(7,056)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002153000000000000♠153\n Kuwait\n7010178180000000000♠17,818\n(6,880)\n7010178180000000000♠17,818\n(6,880)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002154000000000000♠154\n Swaziland\n7010173640000000000♠17,364\n(6,704)\n7010172040000000000♠17,204\n(6,643)\n7008160000000000000♠160\n(62)\n0.92\n\n\n\n7002155000000000000♠155\n East Timor\n7010148740000000000♠14,874\n(5,743)\n7010148740000000000♠14,874\n(5,743)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002156000000000000♠156\nBahamas ! Bahamas\n7010139430000000000♠13,943\n(5,383)\n7010100100000000000♠10,010\n(3,860)\n7009387000000000000♠3,870\n(1,490)\n27.88\n\n\n\n7002157000000000000♠157\n Montenegro\n7010138120000000000♠13,812\n(5,333)\n7010134520000000000♠13,452\n(5,194)\n7008360000000000000♠360\n(140)\n2.61\n\n\n\n7002158000000000000♠158\n Vanuatu\n7010121890000000000♠12,189\n(4,706)\n7010121890000000000♠12,189\n(4,706)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Falkland Islands (United Kingdom)\n7010121730000000000♠12,173\n(4,700)\n7010121730000000000♠12,173\n(4,700)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002159000000000000♠159\n Qatar\n7010115860000000000♠11,586\n(4,473)\n7010115860000000000♠11,586\n(4,473)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Nagorno-Karabakh\n7010114580000000000♠11,458\n(4,424)\n7010114580000000000♠11,458\n(4,424)\n7009120000000000000♠1,200\n(460)\n1\n[Note 44] 5.000 km2. Armenian-controlled territories surrounding Nagorno-Karabakh by regions 11,5 km2.\n\n\n7002160000000000000♠160\nThe Gambia ! The Gambia\n7010112950000000000♠11,295\n(4,361)\n7010100000000000000♠10,000\n(3,900)\n7009129500000000000♠1,295\n(500)\n11.47\nSmallest country in continental Africa.\n\n\n7002161000000000000♠161\n Jamaica\n7010109910000000000♠10,991\n(4,244)\n7010108310000000000♠10,831\n(4,182)\n7008160000000000000♠160\n(62)\n1.46\n\n\n\nend –\n Kosovo\n7010108870000000000♠10,887\n(4,203)\n\n\n\n[Note 45]\n\n\n7002162000000000000♠162\n Lebanon\n7010104520000000000♠10,452\n(4,036)\n7010102300000000000♠10,230\n(3,950)\n7008170000000000000♠170\n(66)\n1.63\nSmallest country in continental Asia.\n\n\n7002163000000000000♠163\n Cyprus\n7009925100000000000♠9,251\n(3,572)\n7009924100000000000♠9,241\n(3,568)\n7007100000000000000♠10\n(3.9)\n0.11\n[Note 46]\n\n\nend –\n Puerto Rico (United States)\n7009910400000000000♠9,104\n(3,515)\n7009910400000000000♠9,104\n(3,515)\n7009305400000000000♠3,054\n(1,179)\n35.2\nThird largest island of the United States after the Big Island of Hawaii and Kodiak Island of Alaska.\n\n\nend –\n Abkhazia\n7009866000000000000♠8,660\n(3,340)\n\n\n\n[Note 47]\n\n\nend –\n French Southern and Antarctic Lands (France)\n7009774700000000000♠7,747\n(2,991)\n7009766800000000000♠7,668\n(2,961)\n7007798000000000000♠79.8\n(30.8)\n1.03\nExcludes claim on Adélie Land in Antarctica.[Note 48]\n\n\nend –\n United States Minor Outlying Islands\n7009695941000000000♠6,959.41\n(2,687.04)\n7007342000000000000♠34.2\n(13.2)\n7009693700000000000♠6,937\n(2,678)\n99.687001996800000000000♠99.68\n\n\n\n7002164000000000000♠164\n Palestine\n7009602000000000000♠6,020\n(2,320)\n7009564000000000000♠5,640\n(2,180)\n7008220000000000000♠220\n(85)\n3.9\n[Note 49]\n\n\n7002165000000000000♠165\n Brunei\n7009576500000000000♠5,765\n(2,226)\n7009526500000000000♠5,265\n(2,033)\n7008500000000000000♠500\n(190)\n8.67\n\n\n\n7002166000000000000♠166\n Trinidad and Tobago\n7009513000000000000♠5,130\n(1,980)\n7009512800000000000♠5,128\n(1,980)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n French Polynesia (France)\n7009416700000000000♠4,167\n(1,609)\n7009382700000000000♠3,827\n(1,478)\n7008340000000000000♠340\n(130)\n8.16\n\n\n\nend –\n Transnistria\n7009416300000000000♠4,163\n(1,607)\n\n\n\n[Note 50]\n\n\n7002167000000000000♠167\n Cape Verde\n7009403300000000000♠4,033\n(1,557)\n7009403300000000000♠4,033\n(1,557)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (United Kingdom)\n7009390300000000000♠3,903\n(1,507)\n7009390300000000000♠3,903\n(1,507)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n[Note 16]\n\n\nend –\n South Ossetia\n7009390000000000000♠3,900\n(1,500)\n\n\n\n[Note 51]\n\n\nend –\n Northern Cyprus\n7009335500000000000♠3,355\n(1,295)\n\n\n\n[Note 52]\n\n\n7002168000000000000♠168\n Samoa\n7009284200000000000♠2,842\n(1,097)\n7009282100000000000♠2,821\n(1,089)\n7007100000000000000♠10\n(3.9)\n0.35\n\n\n\nend –\n Hong Kong (China)\n7009275500000000000♠2,755\n(1,064)\n7009110600000000000♠1,106\n(427)\n7009164900000000000♠1,649\n(637) [34]\n59.8\n\n\n\n7002169000000000000♠169\n Luxembourg\n7009258600000000000♠2,586\n(998)\n7009258600000000000♠2,586\n(998)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Bir Tawil (Terra nullius)\n7009206000000000000♠2,060\n(800)\n7009206000000000000♠2,060\n(800)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002170000000000000♠170\n Mauritius\n7009204000000000000♠2,040\n(790)\n7009203000000000000♠2,030\n(780)\n7007100000000000000♠10\n(3.9)\n0.49\n[Note 53]\n\n\n7002171000000000000♠171\n Comoros\n7009186200000000000♠1,862\n(719)\n7009186200000000000♠1,862\n(719)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n[Note 54]\n\n\nend –\n Åland Islands (Finland)\n7009158000000000000♠1,580\n(610)\n\n\n\n[Note 55]\n\n\nend –\n Faroe Islands (Denmark)\n7009139300000000000♠1,393\n(538)\n7009139300000000000♠1,393\n(538)\n6999100000000000000♠Negligible\n0.001Negligible\n[Note 56]\n\n\n7002172000000000000♠172\nSao Tome ! São Tomé and Príncipe\n7008964000000000000♠964\n(372)\n7008964000000000000♠964\n(372)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Turks and Caicos Islands (United Kingdom)\n7008948000000000000♠948\n(366)\n7008430000000000000♠430\n(170)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n[Note 16]\n\n\n7002173000000000000♠173\n Kiribati\n7008811000000000000♠811\n(313)\n7008811000000000000♠811\n(313)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n[Note 57]\n\n\n7002174000000000000♠174\n Bahrain\n7008765000000000000♠765\n(295)\n7008765000000000000♠765\n(295)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002175000000000000♠175\n Dominica\n7008751000000000000♠751\n(290)\n7008751000000000000♠751\n(290)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002176000000000000♠176\n Tonga\n7008747000000000000♠747\n(288)\n7008717000000000000♠717\n(277)\n7007300000000000000♠30\n(12)\n4.02\n\n\n\n7002177000000000000♠177\n Singapore\n7008719000000000000♠719\n(278)\n7008687000000000000♠687\n(265)\n7007100000000000000♠10\n(3.9)\n1.43\n\n\n\n7002178000000000000♠178\nMicronesia ! Federated States of Micronesia\n7008702000000000000♠702\n(271)\n7008702000000000000♠702\n(271)\n6999100000000000000♠Negligible\n0.001Negligible\n\n\n\n7002179000000000000♠179\n Saint Lucia\n7008616000000000000♠616\n(238)\n7008606000000000000♠606\n(234)\n7007100000000000000♠10\n(3.9)\n1.62\n[Note 58]\n\n\nend –\n Isle of Man (United Kingdom)\n7008572000000000000♠572\n(221)\n7008572000000000000♠572\n(221)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Guam (United States)\n7008549000000000000♠549\n(212)\n7008544000000000000♠544\n(210)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002180000000000000♠180\n Andorra\n7008468000000000000♠468\n(181)\n7008468000000000000♠468\n(181)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Northern Mariana Islands (United States)\n7008464000000000000♠464\n(179)\n7008464000000000000♠464\n(179)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002181000000000000♠181\n Palau\n7008459000000000000♠459\n(177)\n7008459000000000000♠459\n(177)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002182000000000000♠182\n Seychelles\n7008452000000000000♠452\n(175)\n7008455000000000000♠455\n(176)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\nSmallest country in Africa.\n\n\nend –\n Curaçao (Netherlands)\n7008444000000000000♠444\n(171)\n7008444000000000000♠444\n(171)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n[Note 39]\n\n\n7002183000000000000♠183\n Antigua and Barbuda\n7008442000000000000♠442\n(171)\n7008442600000000000♠442.6\n(170.9)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002184000000000000♠184\n Barbados\n7008430000000000000♠430\n(170)\n7008431000000000000♠431\n(166)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Heard Island and McDonald Islands (Australia)\n7008412000000000000♠412\n(159)\n7008412000000000000♠412\n(159)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n[Note 16]\n\n\n7002185000000000000♠185\n Saint Vincent and the Grenadines\n7008389000000000000♠389\n(150)\n7008389000000000000♠389\n(150)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Jan Mayen (Norway)\n7008377000000000000♠377\n(146)\n7008377000000000000♠377\n(146)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\nUnited States Virgin Islands ! U.S. Virgin Islands (United States)\n7008347000000000000♠347\n(134)\n7008346000000000000♠346\n(134)\n7009156400000000000♠1,564\n(604)\n81.88\n\n\n\n7002186000000000000♠186\n Grenada\n7008344000000000000♠344\n(133)\n7008344000000000000♠344\n(133)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002187000000000000♠187\n Malta\n7008316000000000000♠316\n(122)\n7008316000000000000♠316\n(122)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (United Kingdom)\n7008308000000000000♠308\n(119)\n7008308000000000000♠308\n(119)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n[Note 59]\n\n\n7002188000000000000♠188\n Maldives\n7008300000000000000♠300\n(120)\n7008298000000000000♠298\n(115)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\nSmallest country in Asia.\n\n\nend –\n Bonaire (Netherlands)\n7008294000000000000♠294\n(114)\n7008294000000000000♠294\n(114)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Cayman Islands (United Kingdom)\n7008264000000000000♠264\n(102)\n7008264000000000000♠264\n(102)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002189000000000000♠189\n Saint Kitts and Nevis\n7008261000000000000♠261\n(101)\n7008261000000000000♠261\n(101)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\nSmallest country in the Americas and the Western Hemisphere.\n\n\nend –\n Niue (New Zealand)\n7008260000000000000♠260\n(100)\n7008260000000000000♠260\n(100)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n[Note 60]\n\n\nend –\n Akrotiri and Dhekelia (United Kingdom)\n7008253800000000000♠253.8\n(98.0)\n7002253800000000000♠not determined\n6999100000000000000♠not determined\n0.001not determined\nThere is a salt lake and some wetlands of unknown area.\n\n\nend –\n Saint Pierre and Miquelon (France)\n7008242000000000000♠242\n(93)\n7008242000000000000♠242\n(93)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Cook Islands (New Zealand)\n7008236000000000000♠236\n(91)\n7008236000000000000♠236\n(91)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n[Note 61]\n\n\nend –\n American Samoa (United States)\n7008199000000000000♠199\n(77)\n7008199000000000000♠199\n(77)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002190000000000000♠190\n Marshall Islands\n7008181000000000000♠181\n(70)\n7008181000000000000♠181\n(70)\n7010116730000000000♠11,673\n(4,507)\n98.47\n\n\n\nend –\n Aruba (Netherlands)\n7008180000000000000♠180\n(69)\n7008180000000000000♠180\n(69)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002191000000000000♠191\n Liechtenstein\n7008160000000000000♠160\n(62)\n7008160000000000000♠160\n(62)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n British Virgin Islands (United Kingdom)\n7008151000000000000♠151\n(58)\n7008151000000000000♠151\n(58)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Wallis and Futuna (France)\n7008142000000000000♠142\n(55)\n7008142000000000000♠142\n(55)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Christmas Island (Australia)\n7008135000000000000♠135\n(52)\n7008135000000000000♠135\n(52)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n[Note 62]\n\n\nend –\n Jersey (United Kingdom)\n7008116000000000000♠116\n(45)\n7008116000000000000♠116\n(45)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Montserrat (United Kingdom)\n7008102000000000000♠102\n(39)\n7008102000000000000♠102\n(39)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Anguilla (United Kingdom)\n7007910000000000000♠91\n(35)\n7007910000000000000♠91\n(35)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Guernsey (United Kingdom)\n7007780000000000000♠78\n(30)\n7007780000000000000♠78\n(30)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002192000000000000♠192\n San Marino\n7007610000000000000♠61\n(24)\n7007610000000000000♠61\n(24)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n British Indian Ocean Territory (United Kingdom)\n7007600000000000000♠60\n(23)\n7007600000000000000♠60\n(23)\n7010543400000000000♠54,340\n(20,980)\n99.89\n[Note 63]\n\n\nend –\n Saint Martin (France)\n7007540000000000000♠54\n(21)\n7007544000000000000♠54.4\n(21.0)\n6999100000000000000♠Negligible\n0.001Negligible\n[Note 16]\n\n\nend –\n Bermuda (United Kingdom)\n7007540000000000000♠54\n(21)\n7007540000000000000♠54\n(21)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Bouvet Island (Norway)\n7007490000000000000♠49\n(19)\n7007490000000000000♠49\n(19)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n[Note 16]\n\n\nend –\n Pitcairn Islands (United Kingdom)\n7007470000000000000♠47\n(18)\n7007470000000000000♠47\n(18)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n[Note 64]\n\n\nend –\n Norfolk Island (Australia)\n7007360000000000000♠36\n(14)\n7007360000000000000♠36\n(14)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Sint Maarten (Netherlands)\n7007340000000000000♠34\n(13)\n7007340000000000000♠34\n(13)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n[Note 39]\n\n\nend –\n Macau (China)\n7007313000000000000♠31.3\n(12.1)\n7007282000000000000♠28.2\n(10.9)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n[Note 65]\n\n\n7002193000000000000♠193\n Tuvalu\n7007260000000000000♠26\n(10)\n7007260000000000000♠26\n(10)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\nSmallest Commonwealth realm.\n\n\n7002194000000000000♠194\n Nauru\n7007210000000000000♠21\n(8.1)\n7007210000000000000♠21\n(8.1)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\nSmallest island country, smallest republic and smallest country that isn't a city-state.\n\n\nend –\n Saint Barthélemy (France)\n7007210000000000000♠21\n(8.1)\n7001210000000000000♠not determined\n6999100000000000000♠not determined\n0.001not determined\n[Note 16]\n\n\nend –\n Sint Eustatius (Netherlands)\n7007210000000000000♠21\n(8.1)\n7001210000000000000♠not determined\n6999100000000000000♠not determined\n0.001not determined\n\n\n\nend –\n Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Australia)\n7007140000000000000♠14\n(5.4)\n7007140000000000000♠14\n(5.4)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n[Note 62]\n\n\nend –\n Saba (Netherlands)\n7007130000000000000♠13\n(5.0)\n7001130000000000000♠not determined\n6999100000000000000♠not determined\n0.001not determined\n\n\n\nend –\n Tokelau (New Zealand)\n7007120000000000000♠12\n(4.6)\n7007120000000000000♠12\n(4.6)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Gibraltar (United Kingdom)\n7006600000000000000♠6\n(2.3)\n7006650000000000000♠6.5\n(2.5)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Clipperton Island (France)\n7006600000000000000♠6\n(2.3)\n7006200000000000000♠2\n(0.77)\n7006400000000000000♠4\n(1.5)\n66.67\n\n\n\nend –\n Ashmore and Cartier Islands (Australia)\n7006500000000000000♠5\n(1.9)\n7006500000000000000♠5\n(1.9)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Spratly Islands (disputed)\n7000490000000000000♠\n(\n7000490000000000000♠\n(\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\nend –\n Coral Sea Islands (Australia)\n7000290000000000000♠\n(\n7000290000000000000♠\n(\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\n\n\n\n7002195000000000000♠195\n Monaco\n7006202000000000000♠2.02\n(0.78)\n7006202000000000000♠2.02\n(0.78)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\nSmallest country with a coastline.\n\n\n7002196000000000000♠196\n Vatican City\n7005440000000000000♠0.44\n(0.17)\n7005440000000000000♠0.44\n(0.17)\n5000000000000000000♠0\n(0)\n0\nSmallest country in the world.\n\n" ]

[ "Canada" ]

[ "Foodstuffs (NZ) Ltd is a group of two New Zealand grocery and liquor retailers' cooperatives based in the North Island and the South Island that collectively control an estimated 53% of the New Zealand grocery market. The group owns retail franchises Four Square, New World and Pak'nSave, in-store private labels Pam's and Budget, and a ten percent stake in The Warehouse.[1] The effective duopoly in New Zealand's supermarket industry[2] means that Foodstuffs' only real competitor is Australian supermarket chain Progressive Enterprises.\n" ]

[ "Foodstuffs (NZ) Ltd" ]

[ "The National Labor Union (NLU), founded in 1866, was the first national labor federation in the United States. It was dissolved in 1872.\n" ]

[ "National Labor Union (NLU)" ]

[ "A wildcard play-in game was played on January 26; it was contested between the top two teams on the CTRS standings who did not win their respective provincial championships,[2] and was played between The Glencoe Club's Chelsea Carey rink from Calgary and the East St. Paul Curling Club's Kerri Einarson rink from the Winnipeg exurb of East St. Paul. With Einarson's victory, Manitoba was represented by three different teams in the tournament.[5]" ]

[ "East St. Paul Curling Club" ]

[ "On-base plus slugging (OPS) is a sabermetric baseball statistic calculated as the sum of a player's on-base percentage and slugging average.[1] The ability of a player both to get on base and to hit for power, two important offensive skills, are represented.\n" ]

[ "On-base plus slugging" ]

[ "\"(Sittin' On) The Dock of the Bay\" is a song co-written by soul singer Otis Redding and guitarist Steve Cropper. It was recorded by Redding twice in 1967, including once just days before his death in a plane crash. The song was released on Stax Records' Volt label in 1968,[2] becoming the first posthumous single to top the charts in the US.[3] It reached number 3 on the UK Singles Chart." ]

[ "Otis Redding" ]

[ "Exterior location filming took place primarily in the mining town of Coober Pedy, with the set for Bartertown built at an old brickworks (the Brickpit) at Homebush Bay in Sydney's western suburbs and the children's camp shot at the Blue Mountains.[10][11] \"Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome proved far more challenging than The Road Warrior,\" said cinematographer Dean Semler. \"We were dealing with more varied environments than before and it was essential that each of the worlds created for the film have a distinctly different look.\"[12]", "Exterior location filming took place primarily in the mining town of Coober Pedy, with the set for Bartertown built at an old brickworks (the Brickpit) at Homebush Bay in Sydney's western suburbs and the children's camp shot at the Blue Mountains.[10][11] \"Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome proved far more challenging than The Road Warrior,\" said cinematographer Dean Semler. \"We were dealing with more varied environments than before and it was essential that each of the worlds created for the film have a distinctly different look.\"[12]", "Exterior location filming took place primarily in the mining town of Coober Pedy, with the set for Bartertown built at an old brickworks (the Brickpit) at Homebush Bay in Sydney's western suburbs and the children's camp shot at the Blue Mountains.[10][11] \"Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome proved far more challenging than The Road Warrior,\" said cinematographer Dean Semler. \"We were dealing with more varied environments than before and it was essential that each of the worlds created for the film have a distinctly different look.\"[12]", "Exterior location filming took place primarily in the mining town of Coober Pedy, with the set for Bartertown built at an old brickworks (the Brickpit) at Homebush Bay in Sydney's western suburbs and the children's camp shot at the Blue Mountains.[10][11] \"Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome proved far more challenging than The Road Warrior,\" said cinematographer Dean Semler. \"We were dealing with more varied environments than before and it was essential that each of the worlds created for the film have a distinctly different look.\"[12]" ]

[ "Coober Pedy", "Homebush Bay", "Sydney", "Blue Mountains" ]

[ "Each shell can contain only a fixed number of electrons: The first shell can hold up to two electrons, the second shell can hold up to eight (2 + 6) electrons, the third shell can hold up to 18 (2 + 6 + 10) and so on. The general formula is that the nth shell can in principle hold up to 2(n2) electrons.[1] Since electrons are electrically attracted to the nucleus, an atom's electrons will generally occupy outer shells only if the more inner shells have already been completely filled by other electrons. However, this is not a strict requirement: atoms may have two or even three incomplete outer shells. (See Madelung rule for more details.) For an explanation of why electrons exist in these shells see electron configuration.[2]" ]

[ "two electrons" ]

[ "The song is also sung at association football clubs around the world, where it is performed by a massed chorus of supporters on matchday; this tradition began at Liverpool F.C. after the chart success of the 1963 single of the song by the local Liverpool group Gerry and the Pacemakers.[1]\n" ]

[ "1963" ]

[ "Following the Warsaw Framework on REDD-plus, the first country had submitted a Biennial Update Report with a Technical Annex containing the details on emission reductions from REDD+ eligible activities. Brazil submitted its first Biennial Update Report on 31 December 2014.[35] The Technical Annex covers the Amazon biome within Brazil's territory, a little under half of the national territory, reporting emission reductions against Brazil's previously submitted reference emission level of 2,971.02 MtCO2e from a reduction in deforestation. This Technical Annex was reviewed through the International Consultation and Analysis process and on 22 September 2015 a technical report was issued by the UNFCCC which states that \"the LULUCF experts consider that the data and information provided in the technical annex are transparent, consistent, complete and accurate\" (paragraph 38).[36] Considering that Brazil is only reporting on emission reductions from deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon, the technical review identified several areas of improvement (paragraph 34):" ]

[ "Brazil" ]

[ "The Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development (MGLSD) is a Cabinet-level government ministry of Uganda. The mandate of the ministry is to empower citizens to maximize their individual and collective potential by developing skills, increasing labour productivity, and cultural enrichment to achieve sustainable and gender-sensitive development.[1] The ministry is headed by a Cabinet minister, Janat Mukwaya.[2]\n" ]

[ "Janat Mukwaya" ]

[ "Jared Scott Gilmore (born May 30, 2000) is an American teen actor. He is best known for his role in the series Once Upon a Time as Henry Mills." ]

[ "Jared Scott Gilmore" ]

[ "\n\nSurgeon General of the\nUnited States\n\n\n\nSeal of the United States Public Health Service, 1798\n\n\n\n\nFlag of the United States Surgeon General\n\n\n\n\nIncumbent\nJerome Adams\nsince September 5, 2017\n\n\n\nPublic Health Service\nPublic Health Service, Commissioned Corps\n\n\nReports to\nUnited States Assistant Secretary for Health\n\n\nSeat\nHubert H. Humphrey Building, United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Washington, D.C.\n\n\nAppointer\nThe President\nwith United States Senate advice and consent\n\n\nTerm length\n4 years\n\n\nFormation\nMarch 29, 1871\n\n\nFirst holder\nJohn M. Woodworth (as Supervising Surgeon)\n\n\nWebsite\nwww.SurgeonGeneral.gov\n\n" ]

[ "Jerome Adams" ]

[ "\"Tired of Waiting for You\" was a hit 1965 rock song by the English band The Kinks.[1] The song was released as a single on 15 January 1965 in the UK and on 17 February 1965 in the USA. It then appeared on their second studio album Kinda Kinks." ]

[ "English band The Kinks" ]

[ "\nCaptain Underpants\n\n\nCover of the first Captain Underpants book\n\n\n\nAuthor\nDav Pilkey\n\n\nIllustrator\nDav Pilkey\n\n\nCountry\nUnited States\n\n\nLanguage\nEnglish\n\n\nGenre\n\n\n\nChildren's novel\nComedy\nSuperhero fiction\n\n\n\n\n\nPublisher\nBlue Sky (US),\nScholastic (US)\n\n\nPublished\n\nSeptember 1, 1997 - August 25, 2015 (main series)\n(spin-offs from 2002-present)\n\n\nMedia type\nPrint (hardcover and paperback)\n\n" ]

[ "September 1, 1997" ]

[ "Millennials (also known as Generation Y) are the generational demographic cohort following Generation X. There are no precise dates for when this cohort starts or ends; demographers and researchers typically use the early 1980s as starting birth years and the mid-1990s to early 2000s as ending birth years. Millennials are sometimes referred to as \"echo boomers\" due to a major surge in birth rates in the 1980s and 1990s, and because millennials are often the children of the baby boomers. The 20th-century trend toward smaller families in developed countries continued, however, so the relative impact of the \"baby boom echo\" was generally less pronounced than the post–World War II baby boom." ]

[ "the early 1980s as starting birth years and the mid-1990s to early 2000s as ending birth years" ]

[ "Born in Daytona Beach, Florida, Carter attended Mainland High School in Daytona Beach. He led Mainland's basketball team to its first Class 6A state title in 56 years and was a 1995 McDonald's All-American.[3] Carter attended the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, spending three seasons playing college basketball for the North Carolina Tar Heels under Dean Smith and later, Bill Guthridge. During the 1997–98 season, he was a member of new coach Guthridge's \"Six Starters\" system that featured Antawn Jamison, Shammond Williams, Ed Cota, Ademola Okulaja, and Makhtar N'Diaye.[4] During his sophomore and junior seasons, Carter helped North Carolina to consecutive ACC Men's Basketball Tournament titles and Final Four appearances. He finished the 1997–98 season with a 15.6 points per game average and was named second-team All-American, First-Team All-ACC, and to the fan's guide third-annual Coaches ACC All-Defensive Team. In May 1998, Carter declared for the 1998 NBA draft, following his classmate Jamison, who had declared earlier that spring.[5] During his NBA career, Carter continued his coursework at North Carolina, and in August 2000, he graduated with a degree in African-American studies.[6]", "Born in Daytona Beach, Florida, Carter attended Mainland High School in Daytona Beach. He led Mainland's basketball team to its first Class 6A state title in 56 years and was a 1995 McDonald's All-American.[3] Carter attended the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, spending three seasons playing college basketball for the North Carolina Tar Heels under Dean Smith and later, Bill Guthridge. During the 1997–98 season, he was a member of new coach Guthridge's \"Six Starters\" system that featured Antawn Jamison, Shammond Williams, Ed Cota, Ademola Okulaja, and Makhtar N'Diaye.[4] During his sophomore and junior seasons, Carter helped North Carolina to consecutive ACC Men's Basketball Tournament titles and Final Four appearances. He finished the 1997–98 season with a 15.6 points per game average and was named second-team All-American, First-Team All-ACC, and to the fan's guide third-annual Coaches ACC All-Defensive Team. In May 1998, Carter declared for the 1998 NBA draft, following his classmate Jamison, who had declared earlier that spring.[5] During his NBA career, Carter continued his coursework at North Carolina, and in August 2000, he graduated with a degree in African-American studies.[6]", "Born in Daytona Beach, Florida, Carter attended Mainland High School in Daytona Beach. He led Mainland's basketball team to its first Class 6A state title in 56 years and was a 1995 McDonald's All-American.[3] Carter attended the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, spending three seasons playing college basketball for the North Carolina Tar Heels under Dean Smith and later, Bill Guthridge. During the 1997–98 season, he was a member of new coach Guthridge's \"Six Starters\" system that featured Antawn Jamison, Shammond Williams, Ed Cota, Ademola Okulaja, and Makhtar N'Diaye.[4] During his sophomore and junior seasons, Carter helped North Carolina to consecutive ACC Men's Basketball Tournament titles and Final Four appearances. He finished the 1997–98 season with a 15.6 points per game average and was named second-team All-American, First-Team All-ACC, and to the fan's guide third-annual Coaches ACC All-Defensive Team. In May 1998, Carter declared for the 1998 NBA draft, following his classmate Jamison, who had declared earlier that spring.[5] During his NBA career, Carter continued his coursework at North Carolina, and in August 2000, he graduated with a degree in African-American studies.[6]", "Born in Daytona Beach, Florida, Carter attended Mainland High School in Daytona Beach. He led Mainland's basketball team to its first Class 6A state title in 56 years and was a 1995 McDonald's All-American.[3] Carter attended the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, spending three seasons playing college basketball for the North Carolina Tar Heels under Dean Smith and later, Bill Guthridge. During the 1997–98 season, he was a member of new coach Guthridge's \"Six Starters\" system that featured Antawn Jamison, Shammond Williams, Ed Cota, Ademola Okulaja, and Makhtar N'Diaye.[4] During his sophomore and junior seasons, Carter helped North Carolina to consecutive ACC Men's Basketball Tournament titles and Final Four appearances. He finished the 1997–98 season with a 15.6 points per game average and was named second-team All-American, First-Team All-ACC, and to the fan's guide third-annual Coaches ACC All-Defensive Team. In May 1998, Carter declared for the 1998 NBA draft, following his classmate Jamison, who had declared earlier that spring.[5] During his NBA career, Carter continued his coursework at North Carolina, and in August 2000, he graduated with a degree in African-American studies.[6]", "Born in Daytona Beach, Florida, Carter attended Mainland High School in Daytona Beach. He led Mainland's basketball team to its first Class 6A state title in 56 years and was a 1995 McDonald's All-American.[3] Carter attended the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, spending three seasons playing college basketball for the North Carolina Tar Heels under Dean Smith and later, Bill Guthridge. During the 1997–98 season, he was a member of new coach Guthridge's \"Six Starters\" system that featured Antawn Jamison, Shammond Williams, Ed Cota, Ademola Okulaja, and Makhtar N'Diaye.[4] During his sophomore and junior seasons, Carter helped North Carolina to consecutive ACC Men's Basketball Tournament titles and Final Four appearances. He finished the 1997–98 season with a 15.6 points per game average and was named second-team All-American, First-Team All-ACC, and to the fan's guide third-annual Coaches ACC All-Defensive Team. In May 1998, Carter declared for the 1998 NBA draft, following his classmate Jamison, who had declared earlier that spring.[5] During his NBA career, Carter continued his coursework at North Carolina, and in August 2000, he graduated with a degree in African-American studies.[6]" ]

[ "Antawn Jamison", "Shammond Williams", "Ed Cota", "Ademola Okulaja", "Makhtar N'Diaye" ]

[ "Later, at a feast for Daenerys and Khal Drogo, a drunken Viserys draws his sword on his sister, threatening that if the Khal does not give him an army to take back the Seven Kingdoms, he will take back Daenerys and cut out her child. Khal Drogo agrees to give him the \"golden crown\" that he wants, and Viserys lets his guard down, allowing Drogo's bloodriders to restrain him. Drogo melts his belt in a stewpot, and Viserys realises to his horror that the \"golden crown\" is actually molten gold, which Drogo pours on his head. Daenerys watches her brother's painful death calmly, and coldly observes: \"He was no dragon. Fire cannot kill a dragon.\"" ]

[ "Viserys" ]

[ "Filming was originally set to begin in October 1993,[11] but was delayed because Crowe was busy on another film in Australia.[6] Principal photography for The Quick and the Dead lasted from November 21, 1993 to February 27, 1994.[11][12] Locations included Old Tucson Studios in Arizona[6] and Mescal, 40 miles southeast of Tucson.[3] Production was briefly halted at times over weather problems.[13] Thell Reed, who was hired as the gun coach and weapons master,[6] worked with the cast through over three months of training.[3] To age Cort's Colt 1851 Navy Revolver and the other guns used, Reed experimented with simple measures. \"I took them out by my swimming pool and dipped them in chlorine water to let them rust,\" he explained. \"They looked rusty and old, but were brand new guns.\"[13] Such detail, including the nickel plating and ivory handles on Ellen's Colt Peacemakers, was accurate to the time period.[13]", "Filming was originally set to begin in October 1993,[11] but was delayed because Crowe was busy on another film in Australia.[6] Principal photography for The Quick and the Dead lasted from November 21, 1993 to February 27, 1994.[11][12] Locations included Old Tucson Studios in Arizona[6] and Mescal, 40 miles southeast of Tucson.[3] Production was briefly halted at times over weather problems.[13] Thell Reed, who was hired as the gun coach and weapons master,[6] worked with the cast through over three months of training.[3] To age Cort's Colt 1851 Navy Revolver and the other guns used, Reed experimented with simple measures. \"I took them out by my swimming pool and dipped them in chlorine water to let them rust,\" he explained. \"They looked rusty and old, but were brand new guns.\"[13] Such detail, including the nickel plating and ivory handles on Ellen's Colt Peacemakers, was accurate to the time period.[13]" ]

[ "Old Tucson Studios in Arizona", "Mescal" ]

[ "The 2026 FIFA World Cup (Spanish: Copa mundial de la FIFA de 2026; French: Coupe du monde de la FIFA de 2026) will be the 23rd FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. The tournament will be jointly hosted by 16 cities in three North American countries; 60 matches, including the quarterfinals, semi-finals, and the final, will be hosted by the United States while neighboring Canada and Mexico will each host 10 matches. The tournament will be the first hosted by three nations.[1][2]\n", "The 2026 FIFA World Cup (Spanish: Copa mundial de la FIFA de 2026; French: Coupe du monde de la FIFA de 2026) will be the 23rd FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. The tournament will be jointly hosted by 16 cities in three North American countries; 60 matches, including the quarterfinals, semi-finals, and the final, will be hosted by the United States while neighboring Canada and Mexico will each host 10 matches. The tournament will be the first hosted by three nations.[1][2]\n", "The 2026 FIFA World Cup (Spanish: Copa mundial de la FIFA de 2026; French: Coupe du monde de la FIFA de 2026) will be the 23rd FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. The tournament will be jointly hosted by 16 cities in three North American countries; 60 matches, including the quarterfinals, semi-finals, and the final, will be hosted by the United States while neighboring Canada and Mexico will each host 10 matches. The tournament will be the first hosted by three nations.[1][2]\n" ]

[ "the United States", "Canada", "Mexico" ]

[ "\n\nWilly Wonka & the Chocolate Factory\n\n\n\nTheatrical release poster\n\n\n\nDirected by\nMel Stuart\n\n\nProduced by\n\n\n\nStan Margulies\nDavid L. Wolper\n\n\n\n\n\nScreenplay by\nRoald Dahl\n\n\nBased on\nCharlie and the Chocolate Factory\nby Roald Dahl\n\n\nStarring\n\n\n\nGene Wilder\nJack Albertson\nPeter Ostrum\nRoy Kinnear\nJulie Dawn Cole\nLeonard Stone\nDenise Nickerson\nDodo Denney\nParis Themmen\n\n\n\n\n\nMusic by\n\n\n\nLeslie Bricusse\nAnthony Newley\nWalter Scharf\n\n\n\n\n\nCinematography\nArthur Ibbetson\n\n\nEdited by\nDavid Saxon\n\n\n\nProduction\ncompany\n\n\n\n\n\nWolper Pictures\nThe Quaker Oats Company\n\n\n\n\n\n\nDistributed by\nParamount Pictures[a]\n\n\n\nRelease date\n\n\n\n\nJune 30, 1971 (1971-06-30) (United States)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nRunning time\n\n99 minutes[1]\n\n\nCountry\nUnited States[2]\n\n\nLanguage\nEnglish\n\n\nBudget\n$3 million[3]\n\n\nBox office\n$4 million[3]\n\n" ]

[ "June 30, 1971" ]

[ "The iPod Nano (stylized and marketed as iPod nano) is a portable media player designed and marketed by Apple Inc. The first generation model was introduced on September 7, 2005, as a replacement for the iPod Mini,[2] using flash memory for storage. The iPod Nano went through several differing models, or generations, since its introduction. Apple discontinued the iPod Nano on July 27, 2017, citing lack of consumer interest in the product resulting in poor sales.[1]" ]

[ "September 7, 2005" ]

[ "China Anne McClain as Uma, the daughter of Ursula[2]" ]

[ "China Anne McClain" ]

[ "Boston Celtics\n2018–19 Boston Celtics season\nConference\nEasternDivision\nAtlanticFounded\n1946History\nBoston Celtics1946–present[1][2]Arena\nTD GardenLocation\nBoston, MassachusettsTeam colors\nGreen, gold, black, brown, white[3][4][5] Main sponsor\nGeneral Electric[6]President\nRich GothamGeneral manager\nDanny AingeHead coach\nBrad StevensOwnership\nBoston Basketball Partners(Wyc Grousbeck, CEO and governor)Affiliation(s)\nMaine Red ClawsChampionships\n17 (1957, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1968, 1969, 1974, 1976, 1981, 1984, 1986, 2008)Conference titles\n21 (1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1968, 1969, 1974, 1976, 1981, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 2008, 2010)Division titles\n22 (1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1991, 1992, 2005, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2017)Retired numbers\n22 (00, 1, 2, 3, 6, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, LOSCY)Website\nwww.nba.com/celtics\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nHome\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAway\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThird\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nFourth\n\n\n" ]

[ "2008" ]

[ "An alcoholic drink, or alcoholic beverage, is a drink that contains alcohol (ethanol), a depressant which in low doses causes euphoria, reduced anxiety, and sociability and in higher doses causes intoxication (drunkenness), stupor and unconsciousness. Long-term use can lead to alcohol abuse, physical dependence, and alcoholism." ]

[ "ethanol" ]

[ "\"The Wind Cries Mary\" is a rock ballad[1] written by Jimi Hendrix. According to his then girlfriend, Kathy Etchingham's, account, he wrote the lyrics after an argument with her, using \"Mary\" (Etchingham's middle name).[2][3] In a later interview, Hendrix commented that the lyrics represent \"more than one person\".[4]" ]

[ "Jimi Hendrix" ]

[ "Columbo or Lieutenant Columbo is the eponymous main character in the successful detective crime drama series Columbo. He is portrayed primarily by Peter Falk, who appeared in the role from 1968 through 2003. Columbo's first name has never officially been identified, although the name \"Frank Columbo\" has been visible on pieces of identification throughout the show's history." ]

[ "Columbo's first name has never officially been identified, although the name \"Frank Columbo\" has been visible on pieces of identification throughout the show's history." ]

[ "Lacrosse is a team sport played between two teams using a lacrosse stick and a lacrosse ball. Players use the head of the lacrosse stick to carry (called cradling), pass, and catch the ball to score by shooting the ball into the opponent's goal." ]

[ "Lacrosse" ]

[ "Gretchen Mol (born November 8, 1972) is an American actress and former model. She is known for her roles in the films Rounders, Celebrity, 3:10 to Yuma, The Thirteenth Floor, and The Notorious Bettie Page, in which she played the title character. She also appeared as Gillian Darmody in HBO's Boardwalk Empire." ]

[ "Gretchen Mol" ]

[ "Europe's first domestic dishwasher with an electric motor was invented and manufactured by Miele in 1929.[10][11]" ]

[ "1929" ]

[ "In Peter Jackson's Lord of the Rings trilogy and The Hobbit prequel trilogy, Galadriel is played by Cate Blanchett.[16] In the movies, other than possessing the Ring Nenya, Galadriel displays an ability to communicate with others telepathically and to assume a radiant and terrifying appearance." ]

[ "Cate Blanchett" ]

[ "Karen Gillan (born 28 November 1987[1]) is a Scottish actress, director, screenwriter and model. She played the role of Amy Pond, companion to the Eleventh Doctor, in the BBC One science fiction series Doctor Who (2010–2013). She has received wide recognition for portraying Nebula in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films Guardians of the Galaxy (2014), Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (2017), Avengers: Infinity War (2018), and its untitled sequel (2019), and also played Ruby Roundhouse in the box-office hit Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle (2017).\n" ]

[ "Nebula" ]

[ "The Soviet–Afghan War lasted over nine years, from December 1979 to February 1989. Insurgent groups known as the mujahideen fought against the Soviet Army and the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan government, mostly in the country's rural countryside. The mujahideen groups were backed by the United States and Pakistan, making it a Cold War proxy war. Between 562,000[27] and 2,000,000 civilians were killed and millions of Afghans fled the country as refugees,[28][29][31][32] mostly to Pakistan and Iran.", "The Soviet–Afghan War lasted over nine years, from December 1979 to February 1989. Insurgent groups known as the mujahideen fought against the Soviet Army and the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan government, mostly in the country's rural countryside. The mujahideen groups were backed by the United States and Pakistan, making it a Cold War proxy war. Between 562,000[27] and 2,000,000 civilians were killed and millions of Afghans fled the country as refugees,[28][29][31][32] mostly to Pakistan and Iran.", "The Soviet–Afghan War lasted over nine years, from December 1979 to February 1989. Insurgent groups known as the mujahideen fought against the Soviet Army and the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan government, mostly in the country's rural countryside. The mujahideen groups were backed by the United States and Pakistan, making it a Cold War proxy war. Between 562,000[27] and 2,000,000 civilians were killed and millions of Afghans fled the country as refugees,[28][29][31][32] mostly to Pakistan and Iran." ]

[ "mujahideen", "Soviet Army", "Democratic Republic of Afghanistan government" ]

[ "In season three, Jack undertakes a search for his biological father, which ends when he discovers that his father died several years back. Jack does, however, meet Elliot (Michael Angarano), his own biological son, whom he fathered by depositing at a sperm bank as a teenager so that he could buy a leather jacket.[10] He later discovers that the boy's mother Bonnie (Rosie O'Donnell) is a lesbian; she was a nurse at the sperm bank who stole Jack's deposit and was inseminated with it.[11]" ]

[ "In season three" ]

[ "Winters is the daughter of supermodel-turned-executive Drucilla Winters (Victoria Rowell) born in the midst of a questioned paternity storyline, with Neil Winters (Kristoff St. John) believing he was her father. Eleven years later, the storyline was readdressed with the revelation that Malcolm Winters (Shemar Moore) is her biological father. Lily later began a relationship with Daniel Romalotti (Michael Graziadei), a romance inspired by Romeo and Juliet. The couple were popular with viewers, who were saddened at their separation (because of Daniel's addiction to pornography)." ]

[ "supermodel-turned-executive Drucilla Winters (Victoria Rowell)" ]

[ "The bank's large market share, business activities, and economic impact has led to numerous lawsuits and investigations regarding both mortgages and financial disclosures dating back to the 2008 financial crisis. Its corporate practices of servicing the middle class and wider banking community has yielded a substantial market share since the early 20th century. As of August 2018, Bank of America has a $313.5 billion market capitalization, making it the 13th largest company in the world. As the sixth largest American public company, it garnered $102.98 billion in sales as of June 2018.[7] Bank of America was named the \"World's Best Bank\" by the Euromoney Institutional Investor in their 2018 Awards for Excellence.[8]\n" ]

[ "$313.5 billion" ]

[ "Shelby successfully delivers a baby boy, Jackson Jr., but shows signs of kidney failure and starts dialysis. She celebrates July Fourth, around the time Jackson Jr. turns one, by successfully receiving a donated kidney from M'Lynn, allowing Shelby to seemingly resume a normal life. Four months later, on Halloween, Ouiser, Clairee, Truvy, and M'Lynn throw Annelle a surprise wedding shower, as she is now engaged to Sammy. Shelby is unavailable to attend due to a conflicting schedule with her nursing job, and is later found by Jackson unconscious on the porch of her house. Shelby is rushed to the hospital, where it is determined that her body rejected the new kidney, and she is now in a coma. The doctors inform the family that Shelby is likely to remain comatose indefinitely, and they jointly decide to take her off life support. At the funeral, after the other mourners have left, M'Lynn breaks down in hysterics in front of Ouiser, Clairee, Truvy, and Annelle, but is comforted by them." ]

[ "Shelby" ]

[ "The term knee-jerk was recorded by Sir Michael Foster in his Textbook of physiology in 1877: \"Striking the tendon below the patella gives rise to a sudden extension of the leg, known as the knee-jerk.\"[4]" ]

[ "Striking the tendon below the patella" ]

[ "At the beginning of A Game of Thrones Robert, then king, has just come to Winterfell to appoint Eddard Stark the Hand of The King.[6] He was unaware that Cersei's three children were therefore fathered by her brother Jaime. More interested in food, drink, and tourneys than in governance, Robert has squandered the royal treasury, leaving the crown heavily in debt. After he dies in a hunting accident orchestrated by Cersei, the kingdoms plunge into civil war. His death incites the war that encompasses the entirety of the following two books, the War of the Five Kings, in which his two brothers, Lords Renly and Stannis Baratheon, declare themselves the rightful kings. Robb Stark is also declared King in the North and King of the Trident, and Lord Balon Greyjoy declares himself King of the Iron Islands.[7]" ]

[ "Cersei" ]

[ "The End of the F***ing World is a British dark comedy-drama television programme, based on a graphic novel of the same name by Charles Forsman. The eight-part programme premiered its first episode on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom on 24 October 2017, after which all eight episodes were released on All 4. It was a co-production with Netflix, who released it internationally on 5 January 2018. The programme follows James (Alex Lawther), a 17-year-old who believes himself to be a psychopath, and Alyssa (Jessica Barden), a rebellious classmate who sees in James a chance to escape from her tumultuous home life." ]

[ "Alex Lawther" ]

[ "JP Karliak as Theodore Lindsey \"Ted\" Templeton Jr. / Boss Baby\nPierce Gagnon as Timothy Leslie \"Tim\" Templeton\nDavid W. Collins as Ted Templeton Sr.\nHope Levy as Janice Templeton\nKevin Michael Richardson as Jimbo\nAlex Cazares as Staci\nEric Bell Jr. as The Triplets\nFlula Borg as Mega Fat CEO Baby\nJake Green as Bootsy Calico\nDavid Lodge as Magnus\nBrandon Scott as Manager Baby Hendershot\nKari Wahlgren as Marsha Krinkle" ]

[ "Alex Cazares" ]

[ "\n\nNo.\noverall\nNo. in\nseason\nTitle\nDirected by\nWritten by\nOriginal air date\nU.S. viewers\n(millions)\n\n\n306\n13\n\"You Really Got a Hold on Me\"\nNzingha Stewart\nStacy McKee\nMarch 1, 2018 (2018-03-01)\n7.52[7]\n\n\nA house fire brings two young boys, who were rescued by the Seattle fire department—Station 19, to the ER. Meredith Grey meets Andy Herrera, a firefighter, who has her hand inside the patient, clamping his abdominal aorta. While Andy gets a front row seat to view the action inside the OR, Ben Warren struggles with idea of not being a surgeon anymore. Dr Koracik, Amelia Shepherd's former professor, shows up to help her with her research project, but quickly shoots down her ideas. However, when they confront each other about their difference in opinion, they come up with an idea to save her patient. Richard Webber watches Miranda Bailey very closely, as it's her first day back after recovering from her heart attack. Jackson Avery begins to worry about April Kepner and the fact that the interns have nicknamed her \"the Party.\"\n\n" ]

[ "March 1, 2018" ]

[ "The Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World; French: La Liberté éclairant le monde) is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in New York Harbor in New York City, in the United States. The copper statue, a gift from the people of France to the people of the United States, was designed by French sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi and built by Gustave Eiffel. The statue was dedicated on October 28, 1886.", "The Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World; French: La Liberté éclairant le monde) is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in New York Harbor in New York City, in the United States. The copper statue, a gift from the people of France to the people of the United States, was designed by French sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi and built by Gustave Eiffel. The statue was dedicated on October 28, 1886." ]

[ "Frédéric Auguste", "Gustave Eiffel." ]

[ "Starting in the late 15th century, French and British expeditions explored, colonized, and fought over various places within North America in what constitutes present-day Canada. The colony of New France was established in 1534 and was ceded to the United Kingdom in 1763 after the French defeat in the Seven Years' War. The now British Province of Quebec was divided into Upper and Lower Canada in 1791 and reunified in 1841. In 1867, the Province of Canada was joined with two other British colonies of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia through Confederation, forming a self-governing entity named Canada. The new dominion expanded by incorporating other parts of British North America, finishing with Newfoundland and Labrador in 1949." ]

[ "late 15th century" ]

[ "The red telephone box was the result of a competition in 1924 to design a kiosk that would be acceptable to the London Metropolitan Boroughs which had hitherto resisted the Post Office's effort to erect K1 kiosks on their streets." ]

[ "1924" ]

[ "\nThe German Democratic Republic[48]\nThe People's Republic of Bulgaria\nThe People's Republic of Poland\nThe Hungarian People's Republic[49]\nThe Czechoslovak Socialist Republic[50]\nThe People's Republic of Romania\nThe People's Socialist Republic of Albania[51] (which re-aligned itself in the 1960s away from the Soviet Union and towards the People's Republic of China)\n", "\nThe German Democratic Republic[48]\nThe People's Republic of Bulgaria\nThe People's Republic of Poland\nThe Hungarian People's Republic[49]\nThe Czechoslovak Socialist Republic[50]\nThe People's Republic of Romania\nThe People's Socialist Republic of Albania[51] (which re-aligned itself in the 1960s away from the Soviet Union and towards the People's Republic of China)\n", "\nThe German Democratic Republic[48]\nThe People's Republic of Bulgaria\nThe People's Republic of Poland\nThe Hungarian People's Republic[49]\nThe Czechoslovak Socialist Republic[50]\nThe People's Republic of Romania\nThe People's Socialist Republic of Albania[51] (which re-aligned itself in the 1960s away from the Soviet Union and towards the People's Republic of China)\n", "\nThe German Democratic Republic[48]\nThe People's Republic of Bulgaria\nThe People's Republic of Poland\nThe Hungarian People's Republic[49]\nThe Czechoslovak Socialist Republic[50]\nThe People's Republic of Romania\nThe People's Socialist Republic of Albania[51] (which re-aligned itself in the 1960s away from the Soviet Union and towards the People's Republic of China)\n", "\nThe German Democratic Republic[48]\nThe People's Republic of Bulgaria\nThe People's Republic of Poland\nThe Hungarian People's Republic[49]\nThe Czechoslovak Socialist Republic[50]\nThe People's Republic of Romania\nThe People's Socialist Republic of Albania[51] (which re-aligned itself in the 1960s away from the Soviet Union and towards the People's Republic of China)\n", "\nThe German Democratic Republic[48]\nThe People's Republic of Bulgaria\nThe People's Republic of Poland\nThe Hungarian People's Republic[49]\nThe Czechoslovak Socialist Republic[50]\nThe People's Republic of Romania\nThe People's Socialist Republic of Albania[51] (which re-aligned itself in the 1960s away from the Soviet Union and towards the People's Republic of China)\n", "\nThe German Democratic Republic[48]\nThe People's Republic of Bulgaria\nThe People's Republic of Poland\nThe Hungarian People's Republic[49]\nThe Czechoslovak Socialist Republic[50]\nThe People's Republic of Romania\nThe People's Socialist Republic of Albania[51] (which re-aligned itself in the 1960s away from the Soviet Union and towards the People's Republic of China)\n" ]

[ "The German Democratic Republic", "The People's Republic of Bulgaria", "The People's Republic of Poland", "The Hungarian People's Republic", "The Czechoslovak Socialist Republic", "The People's Republic of Romania", "The People's Socialist Republic of Albania" ]

[ "On June 15, 2016, Zac Efron began negotiations to star in the film,[14] and in July 2016, Michelle Williams was cast.[15][16][17][18] The film was choreographed by Ashley Wallen.[19]\n" ]

[ "Ashley Wallen" ]

[ "\nOn Halloween, Mark's crush, J.J. Jenkins (Michelle Williams), encourages him to dress as a punk rocker — and commit vandalism by throwing eggs at a house. Also the guys Beavis and Butt-head played by (Bodhi Elfman) and (Rob Moore) who were set up to go out with Karen and Dana in (season 3 episode 22) attend the party, to the girls' dismay. Meanwhile, Cody wants to create the biggest Jack-O-Lantern in the world.\n", "\nOn Halloween, Mark's crush, J.J. Jenkins (Michelle Williams), encourages him to dress as a punk rocker — and commit vandalism by throwing eggs at a house. Also the guys Beavis and Butt-head played by (Bodhi Elfman) and (Rob Moore) who were set up to go out with Karen and Dana in (season 3 episode 22) attend the party, to the girls' dismay. Meanwhile, Cody wants to create the biggest Jack-O-Lantern in the world.\n" ]

[ "Bodhi Elfman", "Rob Moore" ]

[ "From the 1790s, the waters around New Zealand were visited by British, French and American whaling, sealing and trading ships. Their crews traded European goods, including guns and metal tools, for Māori food, water, wood, flax and sex.[14] Māori were reputed to be enthusiastic and canny traders, even though the levels of technology, institutions and property rights differed greatly from the standards in European societies.[15] Although there were some conflicts, such as the killing of French explorer Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne in 1772 and the destruction of the Boyd in 1809, most contact between Māori and European was peaceful." ]

[ "1790s" ]

[ "Sodom and Gomorrah (/ˈsɒdəm ... ɡəˈmɒrə/)[1] were cities mentioned in the Book of Genesis[2] and throughout the Hebrew Bible,[3] the New Testament, and in the deuterocanonical books, as well as in the Quran and the hadith.[4]\n" ]

[ "Book of Genesis" ]

[ "Mahātmā Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (/ˈɡɑːndi, ˈɡæn-/;[3] Hindustani: [ˈmoːɦənd̪aːs ˈkərəmtʃənd̪ ˈɡaːnd̪ʱi] ( listen); 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was an Indian activist who was the leader of the Indian independence movement against British rule. Employing nonviolent civil disobedience, Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. The honorific Mahātmā (Sanskrit: \"high-souled\", \"venerable\")[4]—applied to him first in 1914 in South Africa[5]—is now used worldwide. In India, he is also called Bapu (Gujarati: endearment for father,[6] papa[6][7]) and Gandhi ji. He is unofficially called the Father of the Nation.[8][9]" ]

[ "Mahātmā Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi" ]

[ "As of 2016[update], the Peace Prize has been awarded to 104 individuals and 23 organizations. Sixteen women have won the Nobel Peace Prize, more than any other Nobel Prize.[57] Only two recipients have won multiple Prizes: the International Committee of the Red Cross has won three times (1917, 1944, and 1963) and the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees has won twice (1954 and 1981).[58] Lê Đức Thọ is the only person who refused to accept the Nobel Peace Prize.[59]\n" ]

[ "International Committee of the Red Cross" ]

[ "With the signing of the Treaty of Paris on December 10, 1898, Spain ceded the Philippines to the United States.[1] The interim U.S. military government of the Philippine Islands experienced a period of great political turbulence, characterised by the Philippine–American War. Beginning in 1901, the military government was replaced by a civilian government—the Insular Government of the Philippine Islands—with William Howard Taft serving as its first Governor-General. From 1901 to 1906 there also existed a series of revolutionary governments that lacked significant international diplomatic recognition." ]

[ "December 10, 1898" ]

[ "The Iran hostage crisis was a diplomatic standoff between Iran and the United States of America. Fifty-two American diplomats and citizens were held hostage for 444 days from November 4, 1979, to January 20, 1981, after a group of Iranian college students belonging to the Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line, who supported the Iranian Revolution, took over the U.S. Embassy in Tehran.[3] It stands as the longest hostage crisis in recorded history.[4]\n" ]

[ "Iran" ]

[ "\"A Bushel and a Peck\" is a popular song written by Frank Loesser and published in 1950. The song was introduced in the Broadway musical Guys and Dolls, which opened at the 46th Street Theater on November 24, 1950. It was performed on stage by Vivian Blaine, who later reprised her role as Miss Adelaide in the 1955 film version of the play. \"A Bushel and a Peck,\" however, was not included in the film, and instead replaced by a new song, titled \"Pet Me, Poppa.\"" ]

[ "Vivian Blaine" ]