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Regarding orthostatic proteinuria, it is not true that: | It is considered a transient proteinuria. | Two urine samples are needed to establish the diagnosis. | It accounts for more than 60% of cases of asymptomatic proteinuria in children and its incidence increases in adolescence. | Biology | The protein/creatinine ratio is <0.2 after 6 hours of standing upright. | 149 | 3 | 58036a90-fd85-4cf0-bd39-37ecd7c4813d | 2022 |
The blood cells that are not detected on the urine analysis test strip are: | Eosinophils. | Lymphocytes. | Neutrophils. | Biology | Monocytes. | 150 | 1 | 1d82e2b6-0bca-4221-bf08-12d76802c86b | 2022 |
The intramitochondrial redox state in blood is measured by the ratio: | β-Hydroxybutyrate/acetoacetate. | Lactate/pyruvate. | ATP/ADP. | Biology | NADPH/NADP+. | 151 | 2 | 652743f1-5898-43de-975c-f475adc63a04 | 2022 |
Insulin no: | It stimulates the uptake of glucose by adipose tissue. | It activates glycolysis and lipolysis. | It stimulates the intracellular uptake of potassium. | Biology | It stimulates the synthesis of glycogen and proteins. | 152 | 1 | f3dceea8-ce63-414a-ab45-a6655d9755ad | 2022 |
In relation to glycogen metabolism in the muscle: | Calcium inhibits phosphorolase-b-kinase. | Plasma glucose regulates glycogen metabolism in the muscle. | Glycogen itself activates its synthesis. | Biology | Insulin promotes the synthesis of glycogen. | 153 | 3 | a5b8d459-ba18-4f99-b02d-99149ea52045 | 2022 |
The histones: | They have DNase I activity and correct replication errors. | Forms the nucleosomes with the eukaryotic DNA. | They roll 640 nucleotides of DNA per turn. | Biology | They have 8 different alpha conformations. | 154 | 1 | be0d46e2-9775-4c2c-816c-cfa2ec73e0c8 | 2022 |
The mitochondria: | It compartmentalizes glycolysis and the urea cycle in the cell. | It has its own circular DNA. | Transfers electrons from vitamin C to glycolysis. | Biology | It has three membranes: external, internal and of the crests. | 155 | 1 | fef79957-8bd6-4cde-b1da-f6c93878a2aa | 2022 |
The Telomeres: | They do not use Okazaki fragments to replicate. | They require two different polymerases to transcribe. | They are shortened by the digestion performed by telomerase from the 3' end. | Biology | They have in their DNA hundreds of serial repetitions of a six-nucleotide sequence. | 156 | 3 | 0fc29c3d-846a-4a6c-b933-36ce15faa96b | 2022 |
The nuclear hormonal receptors: | They attach to the nascent ends of the newly transcribed RNA in the nucleus. | They are regulated exclusively by derivatives of vitamin D. | They recruit coactivators after binding to a steroid ligand. | Biology | They attach to the DNA through a leucine zipper ZIP at their carboxyl end. | 157 | 4 | 14aec76b-ec57-44f4-bb07-f51e6c12648d | 2022 |
What charge will the population of amino acids with non-ionizable R groups have in solution at any pH below the isoelectric point? | Net positive charge. | Negative net charge. | Positive and negative charges in equal concentration. | Biology | No charged group. | 158 | 2 | e5066ccc-84cf-4e55-bd89-47212db7264b | 2022 |
By adding SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) during the electrophoresis of proteins, it is possible: | Determine the amino acid composition of the protein. | Determine the isoelectric point of a protein. | Separate the proteins solely based on molecular weight. | Biology | Preserve the native structure of a protein and its biological activity. | 159 | 4 | f7556f33-0a1d-4a8e-8d0f-9fbd3f73b61b | 2022 |
In a V0 versus [S] graph for an enzyme that follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics, it is false that: | Km is the [S] at which V0 = 1/2 Vmax. | At a very high [S], the velocity curve becomes a horizontal line that intersects the Y axis in Km. | The Y-axis is a velocity term with units of µmoles/min. | Biology | The shape of the curve is a hyperbola. | 160 | 1 | f464ad30-1988-4297-ad5f-65cf1592b248 | 2022 |
After the union of E. coli RNA polymerase, the correct order of events for transcription to begin is: | Formation of closed complex, formation of open complex, initiation of RNA synthesis, promoter clearance. | Formation of closed complex, formation of open complex, promoter clearance, initiation of RNA synthesis. | Initiation of RNA synthesis, formation of closed complex, formation of open complex, eviction of the promoter. | Biology | Formation of open complex, formation of closed complex, initiation of RNA synthesis, eviction of the promoter. | 161 | 2 | e785105b-0ae3-474e-836f-90321922530e | 2022 |
Alternative maturation ("splicing") of mRNA can lead to: | The binding of the poly(A) tail to the 5' end of a mRNA. | A change in the proportion of mRNA produced from two adjacent genes. | The production of two different proteins from a single gene. | Biology | The production of the same protein from two different genes. | 162 | 4 | 5eb9bfa1-e831-4a4f-b16d-4728df4b54e7 | 2022 |
In relation to cyanide, oligomycin and 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) as inhibitors and/or uncouplers of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, it is correct that: | Cyanide inhibits the respiratory chain, while oligomycin and 2,4-dinitrophenol prevent ATP synthesis. | Cyanide and 2,4-dinitrophenol inhibit the respiratory chain, and oligomycin inhibits ATP synthesis. | Cyanide, oligomycin, and 2,4-dinitrophenol compete with O2 in its binding to cytochrome oxidase in complex IV. | Biology | Oligomycin inhibits the respiratory chain, while cyanide and 2,4-dinitrophenol prevent ATP synthesis. | 163 | 2 | 32b06c7b-ac33-433d-b792-ce1d5228d942 | 2022 |
The limiting step (regulation point) in fatty acid synthesis is: | The formation of malonyl-CoA from malonate and CoA. | Condensation of acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA. | The synthesis of acetyl-CoA from acetate and CoA. | Biology | The synthesis of malonyl-CoA in the reaction catalyzed by acetyl-CoA carboxylase. | 164 | 3 | 55098e87-3133-44ba-a33a-3179a1c87bf5 | 2022 |
The oxidation of 3 moles of glucose through the pentose phosphate pathway can result in the production of: | 3 moles of pentose-phosphate, 6 moles of NADPH, and 3 moles of CO2. | 3 moles of pentose-phosphate, 4 moles of NADPH, and 3 moles of CO2. | 3 moles of pentose-phosphate, 3 moles of NADPH and 3 moles of CO2. | Biology | 2 moles of pentose-phosphate, 4 moles of NADPH and 8 moles of CO2. | 165 | 2 | 40a297c4-ad7f-4d46-867e-81288726875a | 2022 |
Which statement is false regarding Pseudomonas aeruginosa?: | More than 90% of the strains test negative for the oxidase test. | They are Gram-negative bacteria incapable of fermenting lactose. | They are mainly associated with infections in hospitalized patients and individuals with cystic fibrosis. | Biology | They are opportunistic pathogens. | 166 | 2 | 1146f7aa-9eee-414b-b1db-40eba341e19a | 2022 |
Ceftazidime-avibactam or imipenem-relebactam are two antibiotics that: | They have a dual action, blocking the action of ribosomal methyltransferases. | They are directed to the bacterial ribosome. | They have excellent activity against Gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant staphylococci. | Biology | They have excellent activity against enterobacteria, inhibiting enzymes of the carbapenemase type. | 167 | 3 | 685d3b82-0152-4dc2-b2d8-04669a6cf2af | 2022 |
Which of the following compounds does not have a β-lactam structure: | Cefoxitin. | Vaborbactam. | Aztreonam. | Biology | Imipenem. | 168 | 1 | 14380286-8ddc-44bf-9e64-26315e5c479c | 2022 |
Helicobacter pylori is a: | Gram-positive coccus. | Gram-negative bacillus. | Microorganism without a cell wall and therefore it does not stain by the Gram technique. | Biology | Gram-positive bacillus. | 169 | 1 | 7cd4e7fb-b842-4687-92be-bbaa629984ed | 2022 |
Staphylococci do not grow in the middle of: | Chocolate Agar. | Blood agar. | MacConkey Agar. | Biology | Mueller-Hinton Agar. | 170 | 4 | 5f21745e-d811-4541-9a84-b8aea214b248 | 2022 |
Streptococcus pneumoniae can be identified in the laboratory through a PCR of the gene: | lytA. | mecA. | Spa. | Biology | vanA. | 171 | 2 | 9a1c17a9-07e5-41cb-ab33-7c36ab92bc73 | 2022 |
Regarding Listeria monocytogenes, it is false that: | It produces catalase. | It produces beta-hemolysis in blood culture media. | The treatment of infections is done with cephalosporins. | Biology | Serological techniques are not useful for the diagnosis of infection. | 172 | 4 | 350888ce-2991-4daa-9e7c-9c6ee46ede38 | 2022 |
Microorganisms of the Enterococcus genus exhibit intrinsic resistance to: | Penicillins. | Cephalosporins. | Carbapenems. | Biology | Glycopeptides. | 173 | 1 | d45640a3-538a-4872-a7ee-c2f4b33cd0f6 | 2022 |
In humans, the most characteristic clinical manifestation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection is the: | Acute urethritis. | Urinary infection. | Vascular Dermatitis. | Biology | Septic arthritis. | 174 | 2 | dffeb071-65c0-46a9-b662-eb023cabc387 | 2022 |
Pertussis or paroxysmal cough is caused by: | Haemophilus influenzae. | Streptococcus pneumoniae. | Bordetella pertussis. | Biology | Moraxella catarrhalis. | 175 | 4 | ea1fa84d-de96-4820-94c9-b5b04e64bc32 | 2022 |
Vibrio cholerae: | It caused the last pandemic in 1923. | It is immobile. | It is specifically isolated in TCBS agar (thiosulfate citrate bile sucrose agar). | Biology | It is classified into three serogroups based on its O antigen. | 176 | 4 | 27ffa0d6-c25b-40b6-97f1-b63696c1b9f5 | 2022 |
Which of the following genera is a Gram-negative anaerobic bacillus?: | Escherichia. | Clostridium. | Fusobacterium. | Biology | Veillonella. | 177 | 4 | 6edfaea6-761d-411b-906b-d11f474513d5 | 2022 |
The correct association between species and resulting pathology is: | Yersinia tuberculosis, pneumonia. | Yersinia enterocolitica, arthritis. | Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, tuberculosis. | Biology | Yersinia pestis, mesenteric enteritis. | 178 | 1 | f07e1598-5979-4753-8226-7eed356c747a | 2022 |
The false association between infection produced and non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli is: | Pulmonary infection in patients with cystic fibrosis, Burkholdheria cepacia. | External otitis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. | Malta Fever, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. | Biology | Nosocomial Pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumannii. | 179 | 4 | d77c4c1b-59d0-446e-8a04-ca5d7edc3417 | 2022 |
The false association between antibiotic resistance mechanism in Gram-negative bacilli is: | Polymyxins, modification of the lipopolysaccharide. | Quinolones, expulsion pumps. | Cephalosporins, beta-lactamases. | Biology | Aminoglycosides, modification of the DNA gyrase. | 180 | 3 | 00ba59f9-efc4-490e-b20b-f9654c4659a1 | 2022 |
Resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in Gram-negative bacilli is not mediated by: | Modification of the 50S ribosomal subunit. | Mutations in the PBPs. | Production of carbapenemases. | Biology | Repression of porins. | 181 | 2 | b1026195-9e5e-4390-9b15-bde1dc345a1b | 2022 |
About Mycobacterium tuberculosis: | The wall has many lipids, including mycolic acids. | It is an anaerobic bacillus. | It has rapid growth in culture media. | Biology | Microscopic detection is not used in the diagnosis. | 182 | 2 | 5016bb8d-678e-4f51-91b4-7cc6367b4bec | 2022 |
Regarding Mycobacterium leprae, it is false that: | It does not grow in artificial culture mediums (acellular). | It is an acid-alcohol resistant bacillus. | It produces a chronic infection affecting the skin and peripheral nerves. | Biology | The reservoir and source of infection is environmental. | 183 | 3 | 965e5314-548f-462e-84a2-e134070f4397 | 2022 |
Regarding the genus Actinomyces, it is false that: | They grow slowly in culture mediums. | They are Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli. | In the treatment of the infections it causes, penicillin is the antimicrobial of choice. | Biology | They can cause a chronic and suppurative infection. | 184 | 1 | dfb3589a-ed64-4e7b-9818-f2be79cf001a | 2022 |
Regarding antifungal drugs, it is false that: | Amphotericin B works by binding to ergosterol. | Azoles can only be administered intravenously or topically. | The 5-Fluorocytosine acts by inhibiting the synthesis of DNA and RNA. | Biology | Caspofungin is active against the Candida and Aspergillus genera. | 185 | 1 | 4b09a5bd-fb3e-473b-8c36-f3a71b5596bb | 2022 |
Regarding the Aspergillus genus, it is false that: | It grows well in Sabouraud medium. | It is a dimorphic fungus. | The serological detection of galactomannan aids in the diagnosis of invasive infections. | Biology | Its isolation in a patient may indicate infection or a simple colonization. | 186 | 1 | d5e7b320-b6b6-4f8a-87da-eba3ed0ba3ec | 2022 |
Which of the following viruses is formed by double-stranded DNA, has icosahedral symmetry, and has an envelope?: | Astrovirus. | Herpes virus type 1 and type 2. | Coronavirus. | Biology | Poxvirus. | 187 | 1 | e20d5052-34f4-4e5d-a249-9ca803ed5af0 | 2022 |
Which method proves to be of little use for the diagnosis of the simple herpes virus, in the context of a recurring viral infection? | Serology. | Direct microscopic examination of cells from the base of the lesion. | Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). | Biology | Cell cultures. | 188 | 2 | 0f52bc76-86d4-4c3d-9a9d-63d87000181f | 2022 |
Which virus has monkeys as a reservoir and mosquitoes of the Aedes genus as a transmission vector? | Rabies virus. | Dengue virus. | Lassa Virus. | Biology | Encephalitis virus. | 189 | 1 | 96cd181a-aff6-44c0-85d1-655c122fbc25 | 2022 |
Which of the following viruses belongs to the Flaviviridae family?: | Dengue virus. | Ebola virus. | Rotavirus. | Biology | Chikungunya virus. | 190 | 2 | 96137095-a020-4b5a-a38c-d38d93d5c10b | 2022 |
Regarding congenital rubella, in which period of gestation is fetal affection most severe?: | Second trimester. | First trimester. | Coinciding with childbirth. | Biology | Third trimester. | 191 | 1 | 1be2467b-7f9d-4d37-8066-be1d3e1c5fdc | 2022 |
Which of the following molecules is not a receptor for the cellular entry of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)?: | CD8. | CD4. | CXCR4. | Biology | CCR5. | 192 | 2 | 8c6c28ad-07e8-488e-9aa8-88f4e4dc88c2 | 2022 |
Which of the following viruses preferentially infects erythroid progenitor cells?: | Measles. | Measles. | Parvovirus B19. | Biology | Mumps. | 193 | 4 | 4f579163-14d2-480c-9a44-21f18a1928d2 | 2022 |
does not belong to the Paramyxoviridae family: | Parainfluenza virus 1. | Influenza A virus. | Measles virus. | Biology | Mumps virus. | 194 | 1 | 49444c1e-46a7-4325-b1ae-d16b6901adde | 2022 |
The transmission of the Hepatitis E virus in developed countries is often related to the route: | Oral through consumption of meat from contaminated animals. | Oral through ingestion of contaminated water. | Parenteral through blood transfusion from infected donors. | Biology | Respiratory. | 195 | 2 | 9500f371-965b-4b55-9489-6ee6b92188bb | 2022 |
The differential parasitological diagnosis between a Taenia solium and a Taenia saginata is based on: | The cultivation of feces on agar enriched with charcoal. | The observation of eggs in the concentrated feces. | The reaction of the sample after washing with physiological serum. | Biology | The macroscopic observation of the uterine branches of the gravid proglottids. | 196 | 3 | 4160dd42-1247-4bdc-87db-bf54bf399f74 | 2022 |
What is the treatment of choice for Cryptosporidum sp. in an immunocompromised patient? | Cotrimoxazole. | Nitazoxanide. | Eflornithine. | Biology | Atovaquone. | 197 | 1 | 16653f83-b9ce-429f-a3cc-abf80c0a61a6 | 2022 |
What form of the Plasmodium parasite does the Anopheles mosquito inject when it bites a human, transmitting the infection? | Schizont. | Trophozoite. | Merozoite. | Biology | Sporozoite. | 198 | 3 | f63f1101-6eaf-4384-aff6-e9915bfa0c59 | 2022 |
Which of these analytical findings appears in the Plasmodium falciparum infection? | Pyuria. | Thrombocytopenia. | Hypercalcemia. | Biology | Hypocholesterolemia. | 199 | 1 | de02e167-be8a-47c0-a689-46417ffdff25 | 2022 |
Regarding Acinetobacter baumannii, it is false that: | It is negative for the oxidase test. | Under the microscope, it is typically observed as a long and thin Gram-negative bacillus. | It can be a cause of pneumonia in patients admitted to intensive care units. | Biology | It is usually resistant to multiple antibiotics. | 200 | 1 | d441771c-0609-4661-8ed6-bcb3f5b7fd92 | 2022 |
What is the term for the lack of descent of the testicles from the abdominal cavity to the scrotum? | Orchitis. | Cryptorchidism. | Hypospadias. | Biology | Anorchia. | 201 | 1 | 15aaa7ec-3f2f-4269-b987-a5ae160f03c4 | 2022 |
Intercalated discs are characteristic of: | Smooth muscle. | Skeletal muscle. | Arterial vascular muscle. | Biology | Cardiac muscle. | 202 | 3 | eabc02e1-5024-4339-802f-e02c2ec67eee | 2022 |
In which of the following cells are Reinke's crystals characteristic of? | Hepatocytes. | Goblet cells of the intestine. | Leydig Cells. | Biology | Alveolar macrophages. | 203 | 4 | c8257992-a7d7-4b71-bd9c-279977771f6f | 2022 |
What is the function of type II pneumocytes? | Phagocytosis of microorganisms. | Gaseous exchange. | Mucinogen synthesis. | Biology | Synthesis of surfactant substance. | 204 | 3 | 5eecb7d1-5ec3-487b-b5d2-473a4c0ae9ba | 2022 |
Which of the following statements regarding allergic reactions is incorrect?: | In atopic individuals, high levels of IgE are usually produced against environmental allergens. | Allergy is a disease that typically occurs due to a type 1 immune response mediated by IFNγ and TNFα cytokines that induce the production of IgE. | The development of allergic diseases is the result of complex (and not completely known) interactions between genes and the environment. | Biology | Most allergens are proteins or chemical substances bound to proteins. | 205 | 1 | c828f4e4-8214-4b2d-8190-54100251f024 | 2022 |
We have two variables X and Y that are uncorrelated with each other (their correlation coefficient r=0). If we were to construct the regression line Y=a+bX+e, then we can say with certainty: | The slope parameter (b) is zero. | The mean of X is zero. | The average of Y is b times the average of X. | Biology | The parameter ordinate at the origin (a) is zero. | 206 | 2 | 22ea5848-12ea-40d0-9695-9587478b3161 | 2022 |
Which of the following fatty acids produces more ATP after complete oxidation (CO2+H2O) of 1 mol of each of them?: | 16-carbon monounsaturated fatty acid. | 16-carbon saturated fatty acid. | Polyunsaturated fatty acid with 16 carbons. | Biology | Monounsaturated fatty acid with 18 carbons. | 207 | 3 | 3bab6a32-8337-4f39-858f-30a08402a689 | 2022 |
Which of the following actions leads to the activation of glycogen phosphorylase, both in the liver and muscle?: | Dephosphorylation of Ser/Thr residues by protein phosphatase-1 (PP1). | Binding of glucose-6-phosphate to an allosteric binding site. | Binding of glucose to an allosteric binding site. | Biology | Phosphorylation of specific residues by glycogen phosphorylase kinase. | 208 | 3 | f08eae35-3c89-4f36-a909-2bff5efc564b | 2022 |
Regarding the antigenic structure of Staphylococcus aureus, it is false to say that it contains: | Mycolic Acids. | Teichoic Acids. | Aggregation factor. | Biology | Protein A. | 209 | 2 | ee697382-f512-4699-a6d0-2b69a36b2305 | 2022 |
Which virus from the Herpesviridae family is capable of causing recurrent disease from hematopoietic progenitor cells and monocytes and is considered an opportunistic disease? | Cytomegalovirus. | Varicella-zoster virus. | Simplex herpes virus 1 and 2. | Biology | Epstein-Barr Virus. | 210 | 2 | 14323da8-dc1c-48a2-8e6f-6e10c06e9e9d | 2022 |
The conduction speed of an action potential will be greater: | In the axons without myelin. | The larger the diameter of the axon. | The smaller the diameter of the axon. | Biology | The longer the length of the axon. | 1 | 1 | 9c3d4339-e30a-4318-b2a9-5cd0407f2712 | 2021 |
Electrical synapses are characterized by: | Use a neurotransmitter to transmit information. | Show a synaptic delay greater than in chemical synapses. | Transmit the information in a unidirectional manner. | Biology | Use channels to transmit information. | 2 | 3 | 18d8099f-d072-4285-85f1-225a943745bd | 2021 |
The sensory systems encode the intensity of stimuli based on: | The frequency of action potentials. | The size of action potentials. | The duration of the action potential. | Biology | The transmission speed of the action potential. | 3 | 2 | f1423b8f-5617-435f-8822-b0a488fdf9c1 | 2021 |
In the olfactory receptor neurons, the odorant receptor proteins are located in: | The cilia. | The neuronal soma. | The synaptic terminal. | Biology | The axon. | 4 | 2 | 06d8c695-cae9-47e0-a560-a19c836a7e41 | 2021 |
It is called motor unit: | To a nerve and all the muscles that it innervates. | To the group of an alpha motor neuron and all the muscle cells it innervates. | To the set of muscle fibers that a muscle contains. | Biology | To the set of muscles that move a joint. | 5 | 1 | 93201701-f70b-44b2-93cc-98bafe316a6b | 2021 |
If the mechanism of action of a hormone occurs through the activation of phospholipase C: | An intracellular receptor is first activated. | The second messenger involved is cAMP. | Ca2+ release from intracellular stores is induced. | Biology | The adenylate cyclase is activated. | 6 | 4 | d667bd2a-3f10-4ba1-b55e-a5bc3dc50ed5 | 2021 |
Which of the following hormones is synthesized in the pituitary gland?: | Antidiuretic hormone. | Prolactin. | Thyrotropin-releasing hormone. | Biology | Oxytocin. | 7 | 1 | 6559abc0-a2b7-4a36-a407-2a2cbb034413 | 2021 |
The growth hormone: | It is a peptide of 10 amino acids. | It stimulates the synthesis of proteins. | It is hypoglycemic. | Biology | The products of its degradation are called somatomedins. | 8 | 1 | fb3e8785-9b22-4ebf-93e8-e8d1d7adbf7d | 2021 |
Which of the following factors decreases the secretion of insulin?: | Sulfonylureas. | Glucagon. | Obesity. | Biology | Somatostatin. | 9 | 3 | efcfb4c5-5693-4a32-9eae-2e5bedcf9a10 | 2021 |
The secretion of thyroid hormones: | It is inhibited by the thyroid stimulating hormone. | It is controlled by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. | It does not depend on feedback control. | Biology | It is inhibited by thyroid hormones. | 10 | 3 | cbb915a8-113f-48c0-a804-f36f4c24b44f | 2021 |
During the depolarization phase of the ventricular cardiac action potential, the following channels open: | Na+. | Ca2+. | K+. | Biology | Na+ and K+. | 11 | 2 | de22fd1a-d7bc-4633-a79f-91cc60f287e5 | 2021 |
What happens to the left ventricular pressure during the isovolumetric contraction phase? | Does not vary. | Increases. | It goes down and then up. | Biology | Decreases. | 12 | 1 | 3bf96157-6a55-40f3-87c1-d66f2f9ad622 | 2021 |
The difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume is called: | Systolic volume. | Diastolic volume. | Residual volume. | Biology | Atrial volume. | 13 | 2 | dbfaa6cc-8b88-474a-8939-7e417a68d055 | 2021 |
The blood flow in the left coronary artery is higher: | At the beginning of the diastole. | At the beginning of systole. | At the end of the diastole. | Biology | At the end of systole. | 14 | 2 | f23d8892-bccc-4745-80df-e9e9f534774c | 2021 |
What vascular modifications would be expected when a subject rises from a supine position? | Orthostatic hypotension. | Increase in mean arterial pressure. | Decrease in venous pressure in the legs. | Biology | Vasovagal syncope. | 15 | 2 | 645ed046-c26d-44be-9710-fdfd4051935f | 2021 |
The Leydig cells: | They establish the blood-testis barrier. | They synthesize testosterone from cholesterol. | They are the main target of FSH. | Biology | They synthesize estradiol from testosterone. | 16 | 1 | e06d5b5a-2fda-4586-a7cc-c1a2f1d5d0c7 | 2021 |
The progesterone stimulates: | Contraction of the myometrium. | Endometrial proliferation. | LH Secretion. | Biology | Secretion of the endometrial glands. | 17 | 3 | 20aab538-0a5c-4ea1-8c03-5688f26bfca3 | 2021 |
It reduces the probability of polyspermy: | Exocytosis of the cortical granules of the ovum. | Acrosome reaction. | Reduction of intracellular Ca2+ in the ovum. | Biology | Sperm adhesion to the zona pellucida. | 18 | 2 | 9d0a05ab-33f2-4c73-8a03-81caafec066f | 2021 |
The thrombin: | Converts fibrinogen into fibrin. | Inhibits platelet activation. | Inhibits the activation of protein C. | Biology | Inhibits the activation of prothrombin. | 19 | 2 | d1cf661c-d35f-4f18-8204-3227ea3e6f17 | 2021 |
The value of the hematocrit: | Increases in the pregnant woman. | Decreases due to the effect of erythropoietin. | Increases during acclimatization to altitude. | Biology | Indicates the concentration of leukocytes in blood. | 20 | 4 | db0f4fe8-4525-40bd-bed6-74f914bd236c | 2021 |
We can affirm about the enteric nervous system that: | The myenteric plexus controls the secretions of the digestive tract. | The parasympathetic stimulation decreases its activity. | The submucosal plexus controls gastrointestinal movements. | Biology | The myenteric plexus is located between the longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layers. | 21 | 3 | 9324e908-e6d0-410b-8a47-efcf7aa7e06e | 2021 |
Regarding secretin, it is correct that: | It stimulates gastric evacuation and acid secretion. | The stimulus for its release is the presence of fatty acids and some amino acids in the small intestine. | Stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate and fluids by the pancreatic ducts. | Biology | It stimulates the secretion of pancreatic enzymes and the contraction of the gallbladder. | 22 | 4 | 87a6d4f4-8bf6-4cf4-b5a8-1ce15035bbc1 | 2021 |
Regarding bile secretion, it is correct that: | The biliary pigments, mainly bilirubin, are responsible for the emulsion of fats. | It is produced in the gallbladder and stored in the liver. | Bile salts are indispensable for enzymatic digestion and absorption of proteins. | Biology | It concentrates in the gallbladder through reabsorption of water and ions. | 23 | 3 | c29cecfc-156a-4b25-b764-63004870996d | 2021 |
For the absorption of fats, the enterocyte re-esterifies the lipid components and assembles them into: | Chylomicrons. | Triglycerides. | LDL. | Biology | HDL. | 24 | 2 | ac9512ad-c42f-49db-a19a-32cc98c8b0bb | 2021 |
Regarding the ultrafiltration of a substance in the renal glomerulus, it is true that: | It is independent of its molecular mass. | It is independent of its electrical charge. | It depends on the circulation in the vasa recta. | Biology | It depends on its molecular mass and its electrical charge. | 25 | 3 | 912cd2f2-2b15-439a-922f-46504edf7d07 | 2021 |
The value of creatinine clearance is a suitable index for estimating the rate of: | Glomerular filtration. | Tubular secretion. | Reabsorption in the collecting duct. | Biology | Reabsorption in proximal tubule. | 26 | 2 | 2dc43534-a88c-4acf-ab9b-a20911f37815 | 2021 |
Regarding glucose at the renal level, it is correct that: | The glomerulus establishes the filtration limit depending on the blood pressure. | It is exclusively reabsorbed in the distal tubule. | It is filtered depending on the plasma concentration of insulin. | Biology | It has a reabsorption limit defined by the concept called maximum tubular transport. | 27 | 3 | c2ac521f-0361-4409-9b81-bb0c93395ca8 | 2021 |
Regarding the reabsorption phenomena that occur in the loop of Henle, it is correct that: | Reabsorption of Na+ occurs in the ascending limb and water in the descending one. | The vasa recta are responsible for the mechanism of urine concentration. | 90% of renal reabsorption of K+ occurs. | Biology | Na+ reabsorption occurs in the descending branch and water in the ascending one. | 28 | 2 | cade1fee-e7bb-4e9e-a97a-3e35ba20bf04 | 2021 |
Physiologically, when do subatmospheric values appear in intra-alveolar pressure? | During exhalation. | During inspiration. | Always. | Biology | During apnea. | 29 | 1 | 7be4fa5f-bd03-431e-8fd4-5650fb997aa4 | 2021 |
What is the name given to the volume of air that remains in the lungs after a maximum expiratory effort? | Tidal volume. | Residual volume. | There is no air left in the lungs after a forced exhalation. | Biology | Expiratory reserve volume. | 30 | 1 | 97d54a3d-dc33-4037-b8c1-10ab771dc8f9 | 2021 |
What type of receptors mediate the relaxing response of the bronchial smooth muscle? | Muscarinic. | Alpha Adrenergics. | Nicotinic. | Biology | Beta adrenergic. | 31 | 3 | 13b99fda-887c-4e14-aa0f-fe3f6b9af64a | 2021 |
To the variations of which compound do the chemoreceptors of the medulla oblongata respond in the control of ventilation? | Partial pressure of CO2 in the cerebrospinal fluid. | Partial pressure of CO2 in the blood plasma. | Partial pressure of O2 in the cerebrospinal fluid. | Biology | Concentration of H+ in the cerebrospinal fluid. | 32 | 3 | 0a5c2694-736c-4a74-9571-909fbe1b7d47 | 2021 |
With what combination of factors did Yamanaka and his colleagues achieve for the first time the reprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)? | Oct4, c-Myc, Klf4 and Sox2. | Oct4, Nanog, Bmp2 and Sox9. | Nanog, c-Myc, Fgf2, and Msx2. | Biology | Nanog, Klf14, Fgf2 and Msx2. | 33 | 2 | 396ba264-3fda-4376-9cde-940756682375 | 2021 |
Which of the following bones are formed by intramembranous ossification?: | The cervical vertebrae. | The parietal. | The fibula. | Biology | The scaphoid. | 34 | 1 | 99b1d07b-c271-4386-9182-d6ae52a43d5a | 2021 |
The lens derives from: | The neuroectoderm. | The optical vesicle. | The cephalic mesoderm. | Biology | The surface ectoderm. | 35 | 3 | 502b90bb-6cb3-48a5-9381-750de7be2f47 | 2021 |
In the interphase nucleus, the linear chain of nucleosomes (nucleofilament) corresponds to the chromatin fiber of: | 30 nm. | 10 nm. | 300 nm. | Biology | 165 nm. | 36 | 1 | fee9ccf3-9401-4a5b-add8-4bc9ae1f63fc | 2021 |
The enzymohistochemical technique to locate lysosomes in the cell detects the enzymatic activity of the: | NADPH-diaphorase. | Alkaline phosphatase. | Acid phosphatase. | Biology | Peroxidase. | 37 | 4 | cc9b8d48-ef58-4b93-976c-a08fec04cf4c | 2021 |
The cell uses "dynamic instability" of microtubules in: | The cellular organization in mitosis. | The functioning of cilia and flagella. | The formation of the caveolae. | Biology | Phagocytosis. | 38 | 2 | c8e37aea-3643-4fdc-9bdf-ba21ac9bba27 | 2021 |
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