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Which of the following statements defines the dysfunctional belief of overestimating the importance of thought, in the case of obsessive-compulsive disorder? | Overvaluing the importance of exercising complete control over obsessions. | Assigning a relevant and negative personal meaning to the occurrence of obsessions or their contents. | Believing that one has a decisive power to provoke or prevent negative events. | Psychology | Believe that controlling obsessions is possible and desirable. | 185 | 1 | 75590987-829d-4bf2-90de-c7b2f8dedb85 | 2023 |
Regarding the adaptation of therapy to the characteristics of the individual, which of the following statements is correct?: | People with high reactance achieve better results with treatments in which the therapist's approach is less directive. | People with an internalizing coping style achieve better results with treatments focused on symptom reduction. | People with low reactance achieve better results with treatments in which the therapist's approach is based on paradoxical interventions. | Psychology | People with an externalizing coping style achieve better results with treatments aimed at promoting insight and self-awareness. | 186 | 2 | 04a48069-130c-44c4-b66b-38e70c433699 | 2023 |
The setting of boundaries and the work with the family hierarchy belong to the school: | Haley's Strategic Model. | Minuchin's Structural Model. | Satir Experiential. | Psychology | Bowen's Intergenerational. | 187 | 1 | e926819a-cc60-4554-8abb-808c97dd3ca2 | 2023 |
What are the change techniques used in psychoanalytic therapy? | Interpretation, confrontation and clarification. | Analysis of transference and countertransference and interpretation. | Free association, floating attention, and confrontation. | Psychology | Analysis of resistances and clarification. | 188 | 2 | 2216f5cc-bdb4-4c2b-8bd5-606865d1b557 | 2023 |
Clare Philips' treatment program (1987/1991): | It applies to patients with bipolar disorder. | It is used in patients with chronic pain. | It is applied in an outpatient regime in patients with schizophrenia. | Psychology | It is used in patients with social anxiety. | 189 | 1 | 02c859fc-618c-4b5b-ad75-2be1122ecece | 2023 |
Which of the following factors of the therapeutic relationship have been shown to fall within the category of highest level of efficacy? | The promotion of treatment credibility. | The use of self-disclosures. | The obtaining and use of feedback. | Psychology | The management of countertransference. | 190 | 4 | ac4fe3a5-394d-4f11-afcb-4ca1948c3551 | 2023 |
What is the variable that best predicts the outcome of psychological therapy (e.g., Norcross and Lambert, 2019)?: | The specific techniques employed. | The characteristics of the patient. | The common factors. | Psychology | The theoretical model of the psychologist. | 191 | 1 | 12ff98c9-86d2-4149-a621-2da19138cced | 2023 |
Which of the following statements, related to research in psychotherapy about the therapeutic alliance, is false?: | The relationship between alliance and outcomes occurs in any type of therapy studied. | The strength of the alliance predicts the results of psychotherapy. | The repair of ruptures in the alliance favors the therapeutic relationship. | Psychology | The therapist's perception of the quality of the alliance better predicts the success or failure of the therapy than the patient's perception. | 192 | 3 | f6841363-907f-455d-8fb1-3908bd875681 | 2023 |
Which of the following techniques is characteristic of solution-focused therapy (Shazor and collaborators)?: | Tiger task. | Creative hopelessness. | Search for exceptions. | Psychology | Grid Technique. | 193 | 4 | 0921ade2-e83a-4e83-8f70-eba6b05298c2 | 2023 |
In the unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders in adults (Barlow and colleagues), what variables should be evaluated when performing exposure exercises to physical sensations? | Degree of difficulty and aversion. | Level of anxiety and avoidance. | Level of mastery and enjoyment. | Psychology | Degree of discomfort and similarity. | 194 | 3 | 5ad4e58a-677a-4c22-ac66-754b22f62541 | 2023 |
In dialectical-behavioral therapy, distress tolerance skills are divided into crisis survival skills and: | Emotional regulation skills. | Mindfulness skills. | Reality acceptance skills. | Psychology | Interpersonal effectiveness skills. | 195 | 4 | 415fa89d-3eec-472b-95c2-87d3a7154ad0 | 2023 |
The concept of identity diffusion, within personality disorders, has been extensively developed by: | Peter Fonagy. | Marsha Linehan. | Heinz Kohut. | Psychology | Otto Kernberg. | 196 | 3 | 52eae442-a449-4dde-ae3a-a08e890c8dd6 | 2023 |
Dialectical behavior therapy for borderline personality disorder (BPD) is based on the following explanatory theories of BPD (Linehan, 1993): | Attachment theory and behavior modification. | The theory of relational framework and the dialectical theory. | The dialectical theory and the biosocial theory. | Psychology | The theory of mind and the dialectical theory. | 197 | 4 | 37fe3e82-6ed5-46cf-91bb-d65d30ee0d54 | 2023 |
The specific model used by cognitive analytic therapy for the treatment of personality disorders is known as: | Multiple states model of the self. | Dialogical model of the self. | Model of the sequenced procedure. | Psychology | Cognitive theory of the self. | 199 | 2 | cfd06d16-480e-4161-a153-352f886b34fd | 2023 |
Indicate what dimensions are evaluated when performing the "mentalizing profile" of a patient with a personality disorder from mentalization-based therapy (Fonagy and Bateman, 2016): | Automatic versus controlled; other versus self; and cognitive versus affective. | Automatic versus controlled and cognitive versus affective. | Automatic versus controlled; other versus oneself; internal versus external; cognitive versus affective and social versus individual. | Psychology | Automatic versus controlled; other versus oneself; internal versus external and cognitive versus affective. | 200 | 3 | 3a208e4d-665c-426d-bb2b-ab61fb3c1ccf | 2023 |
Transfer-focused therapy defines borderline personality organization with the following elements: | Primitive defenses, failure in reality testing, and diffusion of identity. | Primitive defenses, reality testing maintained and solid identity. | Primitive defenses, maintained reality testing and diffusion of identity. | Psychology | Evolved defenses, maintained reality testing, and solid identity. | 201 | 4 | 84d8768a-09f6-4d90-ad88-35c02fad9475 | 2023 |
Which of the following options does not capture a component of the construct "Right-Wing Authoritarianism" proposed by Altemeyer? | Authoritarian aggression. | Conventionalism. | Authoritarian leadership. | Psychology | Authoritarian submission. | 202 | 4 | ad82c4d7-a87b-4bfd-a62f-4a532307fe6d | 2023 |
From the following statements regarding Wells' metacognitive therapy, point out the incorrect one: | Consider that distancing from thought does not imply acceptance and elimination of judgment. | It is the specific content of thought that perpetuates the mental disorder. | Combines techniques of cognitive restructuring, behavioral experiments, and attentional training. | Psychology | Expands the focus of cognitive therapies to the way individuals think. | 203 | 1 | 648049ad-80e9-424a-9cea-4433e8f066ef | 2023 |
In the activity scheduling technique for the treatment of depression in cognitive therapy (A.T. Beck), the patient is asked to record: | The degree of mastery and enjoyment. | The frequency of episodes of sadness. | The degree of belief in depressogenic schemes. | Psychology | The duration of episodes of sadness. | 204 | 2 | d5942f23-f9bb-421f-add4-90c382cae751 | 2023 |
Which statement is correct in relation to the impairment of the attentional system? | Difficulties in executive attention in children with autism have been associated with excessive volume in the dorsolateral frontal region. | The syndrome of hemineglect due to parietofrontal disconnection preserves the ability for sustained attention (tonic alertness). | Bilateral injury of the parietal lobes (Balint's syndrome) is characterized by visual and optic ataxia without affecting attentional orientation.
| Psychology | People with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder do not show impairment in the activity of the anterior cingulate cortex. | 205 | 2 | 40196a36-130b-4fc3-824a-e9347951f639 | 2023 |
In the fear of blood, injections, or harm: | The mere exposure with response prevention is the best intervention. | Relaxation is advised as it facilitates the reduction of blood pressure. | The applied tension technique by Öst and Sterner is used to control fainting responses. | Psychology | The applied tension is the most suitable intervention as it teaches to relax the large muscle groups. | 206 | 4 | c5c7c1af-dce1-4417-a52c-9597ea8bc867 | 2023 |
Which psychological treatment used in bipolar disorder focuses on regulating daily routines? | Compassion-focused therapy. | Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. | Systemic therapy. | Psychology | Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy. | 207 | 3 | 9f7309b1-f7de-4c24-b4fd-5901ddfd6818 | 2023 |
Which statement is correct regarding specific phobias?: | The most common age of onset is in adolescence between 12-16 years old. | They are usually transient phenomena. | Clinically relevant phobias usually begin in early adulthood (18-25 years). | Psychology | The most common onset age is in childhood, between 7-11 years old. | 208 | 3 | 730e35f2-b86a-4b48-95b4-3bcc9343b336 | 2023 |
Which answer is correct in relation to learning and memory?: | The primary visual regions and the inferior parietal cortex are essential for creating realities that have not been perceived (false memories). | The medial temporal lobe and the hippocampus are the essential structures in maintaining short-term memory contents. | The conversion of short-term memory into long-term memory is a process of protein synthesis without morphological changes. | Psychology | The molecular marker of memory reconsolidation is the decrease in phosphorylation of the glutamate receptors GluR1. | 209 | 3 | cdb87610-d396-4747-86c0-e38c5129a8c5 | 2023 |
What process are the explanatory mechanisms of fear reduction during exposure related to from a psychophysiological perspective? | With extinction. | With habituation. | With the orientation response. | Psychology | With sensitization. | 210 | 1 | b29dea9a-33b5-4bcc-9e63-e65e8122c461 | 2023 |
What different visual mechanisms or substances did Ewald Hering propose in his original proposal of the opponent-process theory for color perception? | The mechanisms of length and wavelength. | The mechanisms of brightness, contrast, and intensity. | The black-white, red-green, and yellow-blue mechanisms. | Psychology | The excitatory, inhibitory, and opposing synaptic mechanisms. | 1 | 4 | 849f2fad-41a3-4450-9688-393a638a1e53 | 2022 |
What does the Tower of Hanoi problem, used in the field of problem-solving and planning research, consist of? | In three stacks of discs of different sizes that need to be reorganized into "towers" that only contain discs of the same size, with some restrictions. | In three pivots with disks of the same size that must be stacked to form "towers" of the same height with some restrictions. | In three pivots of disks of the same size that should be stacked to form "towers" of different heights with some restrictions. | Psychology | In three pivots with discs of different sizes that must be moved from the initial pivot to the final pivot with some restrictions. | 2 | 3 | ac4b6d6a-68e5-44fb-b9e6-e34a6380e66e | 2022 |
What are the components of Sternberg's (1988) triangular model of love? | Passion, attachment and commitment. | Sexuality, attachment, and fidelity. | Intimacy, passion, and commitment. | Psychology | Sexuality, attachment and intimacy. | 3 | 4 | 4254628a-86dc-4210-aaa7-8fc500d2f0d8 | 2022 |
In a fixed-interval four-minute positive reinforcement program, when is the reinforcement dispensed to the subject of the experiment? | Every four minutes, regardless of whether the subject performs the operant response before or after that interval has elapsed. | The first time the subject emits the operant response after four minutes have passed since the last reinforcer was dispensed. | When the subject emits the operant response four minutes after the presentation of the discriminative stimulus. | Psychology | Four minutes after the reinforcer is available. | 4 | 1 | e2252b53-fb5b-4e6a-a540-e7621b2fc6a0 | 2022 |
In the field of memory psychology, what does the phenomenon of retrieval-induced forgetting consist of? | The repeated retrieval of information weakens the original integrity of the memory trace. | The selective retrieval of episodic memories produces the forgetting of other information related or associated to the same retrieval cues. | The retrieval of information from the distant past induces the forgetting of recent information. | Psychology | The difficulty of recalling information at a specific moment increases the likelihood of forgetting that information in the future. | 5 | 1 | 61033d3b-b195-4d24-9838-a4bab88813d4 | 2022 |
What does the devaluation procedure of the reinforcer consist of in the context of instrumental or operant conditioning? | In reducing the number of operant responses required to obtain the reinforcer. | In gradually reducing the amount of reinforcer dispensed. | In associating the reinforcer with a stimulus or event of opposite nature. | Psychology | In increasing the temporal delay between the operant response and the appearance of the reinforcer. | 6 | 4 | 03fa8927-6f10-4321-86f3-86ed270ef178 | 2022 |
The reasoning fallacy known as the "gambler's fallacy", which is committed by many casino players, who think that chance is a self-correcting process and also involves confusion in the use of the law of large numbers, is a thinking error produced by: | The anchoring and adjustment heuristic. | The accessibility heuristic. | The prototype heuristic. | Psychology | The representativeness heuristic. | 7 | 3 | 5728e2c6-9e1c-45b3-a561-785e84b11027 | 2022 |
The diencephalon: | It has two sets of bilaterally symmetrical nuclei: the superior colliculi and the inferior colliculi. | It is formed by the cell bodies that surround the periaqueductal gray matter. | Its main function is the control of breathing and the operation of the cardiovascular system. | Psychology | It is composed of the thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus and subthalamus. | 8 | 3 | 20809e6d-c149-4803-ba3e-4986effd7f17 | 2022 |
Which of the following brain activity recording techniques has the worst temporal resolution?: | Magnetoencephalography (MEG). | Electroencephalography (EEG). | Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). | Psychology | Intracranial recordings (iEEG). | 9 | 4 | 772c880c-ade1-475a-9a0d-93489ed3d2d9 | 2022 |
The chromosome 21, involved in Down syndrome, has also been associated with: | Parkinson's disease. | Alzheimer's disease. | The Tourette Syndrome. | Psychology | Huntington's disease. | 10 | 1 | 0d42ff77-42ec-4627-b567-7ae1ebd415f8 | 2022 |
Which sensory modality is processed in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus? | Visual. | Auditory. | Taste. | Psychology | Tactile. | 11 | 2 | dc436a00-d2b6-43cb-91c5-c4b0da71cdbd | 2022 |
In the synapse between the nervous system and the striated or skeletal muscle, the most common neurotransmitter is: | Serotonin. | Dopamine. | Norepinephrine. | Psychology | Acetylcholine. | 12 | 3 | 74ff9d84-e533-487a-8e8f-25b69d8238e7 | 2022 |
Which of these areas does not participate in the inhibition of behavior?: | Subthalamic nucleus. | Supplementary premotor area. | Arcuate nucleus. | Psychology | Internal pale globe. | 13 | 4 | 5f9417bf-6182-4cdd-a709-24c5e8d63b7a | 2022 |
For the creation of virtual images of nerve fiber pathways in the brain, we would use: | Magnetic resonance imaging with diffusion tensor. | The computed tomography. | Transcranial magnetic stimulation. | Psychology | Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. | 14 | 2 | ca4a7400-d366-4bb6-9df9-69644cc6a955 | 2022 |
Regarding the neurological substrate of memory, indicate the false statement: | The left prefrontal cortex participates more in the encoding of episodic information than in its retrieval. | The left prefrontal cortex is more involved in the encoding of semantic information than in its retrieval. | Semantic memory depends on the memory system of the medial temporal lobe and the ventral prefrontal lobe. | Psychology | The right prefrontal cortex is more involved in the retrieval of episodic memory than the left prefrontal cortex. | 15 | 4 | b06a5ca1-fd7b-46f3-b8ba-9e81fdba6013 | 2022 |
Which of the following disorders is not considered a tauopathy?: | Alzheimer's Disease. | Progressive supranuclear palsy. | Lewy Body Dementia. | Psychology | Frontotemporal disorder. | 16 | 4 | 6cd6851b-67ce-4e45-abc5-00424143aae7 | 2022 |
Which of the following theories is not linked to the explanation of the phenomenon of social facilitation? | Distraction-Conflict Theory. | Theory of Evaluation Apprehension. | Reactance Theory. | Psychology | Drive or motivation (or activation) theory. | 17 | 4 | 3fa58ad2-5081-4238-ae0a-ac39c4381148 | 2022 |
What process does the theory of expectation states formulated by Berger and collaborators analyze? | The emergence of status in individuals who are part of groups. | The emotions generated by interpersonal relationships. | The emergence of altruistic behaviors. | Psychology | The development of conformity processes. | 18 | 2 | 765bc329-a747-4915-ac3d-2c1336b01ad7 | 2022 |
What is the main contribution that the theory of planned behavior makes to its predecessor, the theory of reasoned action? | The introduction of non-linear relationships between constructs. | The suppression of the "behavioral beliefs" component. | The incorporation of direct relationships between attitude and behavior. | Psychology | The introduction of the "perceived behavioral control" component. | 19 | 3 | 7d101570-b5f8-4c2f-8638-241c5787290e | 2022 |
According to the stereotype content model proposed by Fiske, the combination of low warmth/cordiality perception and high competence of an out-group results in: | Admiration. | Compassion. | Contempt. | Psychology | Envy. | 20 | 3 | e4cc5996-2238-4f08-bad2-b9479da27dbe | 2022 |
Devine's dissociation model focuses on the conflict that "non-prejudiced" (or "slightly prejudiced") individuals experience between their automatic prejudice responses and: | Your own emotions. | Their actual behavior. | Your personal beliefs. | Psychology | The values of their social environment. | 21 | 4 | 87c727c4-f253-44ed-91cb-2ce83e79d9eb | 2022 |
The experimental model called the minimal group paradigm is linked to the emergence of the theory called: | Social Identity Theory. | Self-affirmation theory. | Social Dominance Theory. | Psychology | Theory of group thinking. | 22 | 2 | 735f6c8a-4546-4509-94ed-b6d1add2c5ea | 2022 |
Indicate which reflex is being described when a child under 3 months is startled by loud noises or when suddenly dropped a few centimeters above the bed, extending legs, arms and fingers, among other behaviors: | Primate reflex. | Babinski Reflex. | Moro Reflex. | Psychology | Babkin Reflex. | 23 | 4 | 6e097076-33f9-4217-a6ca-676f6d5e7b32 | 2022 |
When babies encounter a new or ambiguous object or situation, they usually look to their caregivers for emotional cues on how to act. This phenomenon is called: | Imaginary audience. | Social referencing. | Theory of mind. | Psychology | Scaffolding. | 24 | 1 | 4dc226de-d85a-438a-bc2e-ea0ab96107f1 | 2022 |
In response to the question "Why can't you steal from a store?", an answer like "Because they might catch you and you would be punished" is typical of the following level of Kohlberg's moral development: | Preconventional morality. | Conformist Morality. | Heteronormative morality. | Psychology | Instrumental morality. | 25 | 2 | afd85159-2e51-4907-919f-2d80c75d1e1e | 2022 |
When children master cognitive principles such as reversibility, decentration, or identity, they are capable of solving the following problems: | Problems that involve cognitive and emotional coordination. | Addition and subtraction problems. | Conservation problems. | Psychology | Problems that go beyond their zone of proximal development. | 26 | 4 | 6d6a7467-ae8f-4fa7-836d-4eefd0fb2fef | 2022 |
The type of adult thinking characterized by a more flexible and dialectical approach to problems (integrating different aspects, even contradictory, of the situation into a comprehensive whole) is called: | Pragmatic thinking. | Divergent thinking. | Postformal thinking. | Psychology | Integrative thinking. | 27 | 4 | ba049177-b28d-4c2f-9e33-f7b8c0327759 | 2022 |
According to the life cycle perspective (Baltes and Baltes, 1990), the three basic strategies or adaptation processes that we employ throughout development are: | Assimilation, accommodation and denial. | Selection, optimization and compensation. | Strategies focused on emotions, cognition, and action. | Psychology | Integration, restructuring and openness to experience. | 28 | 1 | 38d54536-e59d-481c-bd01-d7253503c8d9 | 2022 |
In a simple regression analysis, which of the following coefficients indicates the change that occurs in the response variable, for each increase in a unit of the predictor variable? | Unstandardized regression coefficient β0. | Unstandardized regression coefficient β1. | Corrected determination coefficient. | Psychology | Standardized regression coefficient B1. | 29 | 1 | 59e34e0d-a6b7-4961-bc3f-711162384ec3 | 2022 |
Which of the following statistics is used as an indicator of multicollinearity in multiple linear regression models?: | Tolerance. | Durbin-Watson. | Pearson Correlation. | Psychology | Cook's Distance. | 30 | 2 | cbda3046-f774-4a70-b2a7-c64a8f8988c5 | 2022 |
If we have a categorical predictor with four levels in a binary logistic regression, into how many dichotomous (dummy) variables would it be transformed to use it in the model? | In 3. | In 2. | In 5. | Psychology | In 4. | 31 | 2 | 613606e4-4679-4706-b7cf-560c0ff2e5a4 | 2022 |
When the assumption of homoscedasticity is not met in a one-way analysis of variance, instead of the ordinary F, which of the following tests would be advisable to use?: | Shapiro-Wilk. | Brown-Forsythe. | Mauchly. | Psychology | Levene. | 32 | 1 | b73e3902-622c-4c11-9a96-8283e6f97d48 | 2022 |
If a subject's response to an item depends on their response to another or other items in the test, what assumption of the item response theory is being violated? | Linearity. | Invariance regarding the items. | Local independence. | Psychology | Equality of typical errors. | 33 | 4 | 20078dbb-43a0-4c4c-b902-f6c8a62bcba1 | 2022 |
Which of the following research designs is an structurally incomplete design: | Random block design. | Hierarchical design. | Design with non-equivalent control group. | Psychology | Covariance design. | 34 | 1 | 67c96b7b-7528-4b50-920d-ba79a7bfa30f | 2022 |
Attending to the structural proposals of personality, the starting point of Cattell's model was: | The analysis of language. | The analysis of biological aspects. | The analysis of genetics. | Psychology | The analysis of the environment. | 35 | 2 | a4abb849-6dec-4130-b965-6c834543f49e | 2022 |
According to the Big Five Factor Model (Costa and McCrae, 1992), the thrill-seeking person tends to also be: | Impulsive, sociable, and distrustful. | Gregarious or sociable, active and assertive. | Warm, impulsive, and active. | Psychology | Competent, self-disciplined, and active. | 36 | 1 | 04ab1e95-58b3-4d33-ab81-cd2d3fc09292 | 2022 |
Among the possible consequences or effects of the reactance theory (Brehm), it does not include: | Indirect or implied restoration. | The direct restoration or execution of the threatened behavior. | The denial of the threat. | Psychology | The loss or reduction of the appeal of threatened behavior. | 37 | 3 | 98adda90-9a7e-46d1-93b8-ddfba7b53c25 | 2022 |
Regarding the need for achievement, indicate the correct option: | People with a high level of achievement needs prefer very difficult tasks to solve. | People with a low level of achievement need prefer tasks of moderate difficulty. | People with a high need for achievement often choose extremely difficult university careers. | Psychology | People with high achievement needs prefer tasks of medium difficulty. | 38 | 3 | fa5b87ed-6e8a-44c7-b57a-5f0b9562c9a4 | 2022 |
The increase in the average scores of the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) as generations succeed each other, is called: | Horn Effect. | Cattell Effect. | Stern Effect. | Psychology | Flynn Effect. | 40 | 3 | 1a60c767-5b65-4d9f-8480-5ac503c5cf77 | 2022 |
Indicate which ability/capability of the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) intelligence model is primarily evaluated by the WISC-IV or WAIS-IV vocabulary test: | Crystallized intelligence. | Fluid intelligence. | Short-term memory. | Psychology | Long-term storage and retrieval. | 41 | 2 | 6970a3f1-98ac-4cbf-bb34-cae8f55662eb | 2022 |
Which of the following authors defends a non-hierarchical structure of intelligence? | Vernon. | Catell. | Guilford. | Psychology | Carroll. | 42 | 4 | 984ba45e-f621-4557-a154-3dafee1c48a4 | 2022 |
Regarding the Triple P Positive Parenting Program (Sanders), indicate the false answer: | The standard Triple P program is administered in a group or individual format by mental health professionals. | The Triple P universal program is a prevention program applied by primary care professionals. | The enhanced Triple P program is aimed at disruptive behavior that is complicated by additional family stressors. | Psychology | The Triple P selective program consists of 1 or 2 sessions for mild behavioral problems. | 43 | 1 | 713f7f39-70af-46e8-8651-69aa0d021fa9 | 2022 |
Regarding the No Worries! treatment program (Holmes, 2014) for generalized anxiety disorder, indicate the false answer: | Includes learning anxiety control strategies such as breathing and muscle relaxation. | It is a group treatment for both children and parents. | It is an adaptation of Wells' metacognitive treatment for generalized anxiety in the child-adolescent population. | Psychology | It is a treatment primarily with a cognitive approach that works on, among other aspects, intolerance to uncertainty, negative beliefs about worry, and cognitive avoidance. | 44 | 4 | aea88c5d-064c-48e0-ac5c-14ac740d4e74 | 2022 |
Gray's personality model is characterized by: | Combine cognitive and biological concepts to describe cognitive performance according to individual differences in personality. | Link the dimensions of impulsivity and anxiety with a series of biological mechanisms and with the rewards and punishments that follow behavior. | Relate individual differences in extraversion to performance in certain experimental tasks. | Psychology | Analyze the level of brain activation in relation to the super-factors of psychoticism, extraversion, and neuroticism. | 45 | 1 | 5d329fde-eb7f-445a-93fd-1956310a885e | 2022 |
Regarding Osgood's semantic differential technique and his collaborators, indicate the false option: | The denotative meaning refers to the objective content of a concept. | It is based on a mediational theory of neo-behaviorist cut. | One of the fundamental instructions when responding is not to answer quickly based on the first impression. | Psychology | The most appropriate response format is the seven-interval response scales. | 46 | 4 | 07b5795d-ff55-4184-8663-b091435f996a | 2022 |
In psychological assessment, what level of inference from the response is based on the assumption of a relationship or correlation through which what is evaluated could be associated with other behaviors? | Level II. | Level I. | Level IV. | Psychology | Level III. | 47 | 2 | 970db722-f35b-429a-9c63-be4db3a04e7f | 2022 |
Among the factors or traits established by Guilford's personality model, which one is considered a primary factor? | Paranoid disposition. | Objectivity. | Independence. | Psychology | Extraversion. | 48 | 1 | dea9cde4-0af3-4cc5-83c0-454fbd407188 | 2022 |
The "Omega" device is an evaluation instrument that is included within the techniques: | Cognitive. | Perceptions. | Structural. | Psychology | Motor skills. | 49 | 3 | 9f1d63f0-a969-4172-a2cc-1da60a532e0f | 2022 |
Which intelligence battery assesses cognitive processes with the following subscales: simultaneous processing, successive processing, and knowledge? | The Cognitive Assessment System (CAS) by Naglieri and Das. | The Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children by Kaufman and Kaufman (K-ABC). | The McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities and Psychomotor Skills (MSCA). | Psychology | The Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-IV). | 50 | 1 | c4aa3906-a873-4d9e-b4a4-7668fc798fb5 | 2022 |
According to the "Rule of the Three Ds" regarding direct observation, when we segment observable behaviors into precise units, how should these units be? | Delimitable, denotable and definable. | Direct, definable, and determined. | Delimitable, denominated, and determined. | Psychology | Divisible, distinguishable, and differentiable. | 51 | 2 | 60eb6d01-40d4-440f-85c6-8d103436913e | 2022 |
Indicate the correct answer regarding motivational interviewing: | It was originally used for the evaluation of depression. | It is an interview that shares objectives of assessment and intervention at the same time. | Includes skills such as directivity, through closed-ended questions. | Psychology | It is based on four general principles among which is to promote the direct discussion of resistance. | 52 | 1 | 0c29ccf5-ec74-4c4a-a908-cc8ff752457a | 2022 |
There are different school achievement tests that can be classified according to the continuum of specificity-generality of the evaluated experience. Of the following, indicate the type of tests that evaluate with a greater degree of specificity: | Cross-cultural intelligence tests. | Verbal type aptitude and intelligence test. | Broad Orientation Achievement Tests. | Psychology | Non-language performance tests. | 53 | 4 | d53412a0-a13f-413a-8539-0e2493971719 | 2022 |
In graphic tests, as an example of projective techniques, through which trait or graphic aspect of the drawing can one conclude about the person being evaluated, their tendency towards fantasy, imagination, the world of ideas, in short, their tendency to seek satisfaction in the realm of fantasy more than in reality? | The projection. | The size. | The pressure of the stroke. | Psychology | The placement. | 54 | 3 | 2b9c6d01-35c0-432f-a89c-56841fcbcd2d | 2022 |
Indicate the correct option regarding the obtaining of validity evidence for psychological tests: | Evidence based on content is collected through analysis of themes, words, and formats of the items, and can be carried out from the item response theory (IRT). | The evidence on internal structure is collected through factor analysis and can be conducted from the item response theory (IRT). | Evidence based on the relationship with other variables is collected through structural models and can be performed from the classical theory of tests (TCT). | Psychology | The evidence of generality is gathered through consistency analysis and can be done from the item response theory (IRT), from the classical test theory (CTT), and from the behavioral theory. | 55 | 4 | a488807c-5809-4d46-ba84-318737fe416e | 2022 |
What type of scale is applied when, given a list of adjectives, the person being evaluated is asked to consider, for each of the presented adjectives, whether they are applicable or not to the characteristic being evaluated? | Order Scale. | Intensity Scale. | Cumulative scale. | Psychology | Non-forced choice scale. | 56 | 4 | 53d93832-03c3-40da-b7c3-ec8de7720c2a | 2022 |
Within the framework of observational records and observation instruments, indicate which prototype of observation record we are referring to if in a table, in the columns, the response levels are recorded and in the rows the units of behavior or textual: | Narrative record. | Semi-systematized record. | Appreciation Record. | Psychology | Interaction record. | 57 | 1 | d61e4785-4848-437d-bf85-cb9bcfa16bf0 | 2022 |
In narrative evaluation techniques, which phase is not part of the textual analysis of a narration or text? | Generation of discursive synthesis. | Detection of macrostructures. | Analysis of redundancies. | Psychology | Coherence Analysis. | 58 | 1 | 904f8bb0-596f-4134-969e-e73ea8fe8896 | 2022 |
What does the "matrix reasoning" subtest of the WAIS-IV evaluate? | Analysis of visual information differentiating basic elements from arbitrary ones.
| Non-verbal abstract reasoning. | Visual perception and constructive praxis. | Psychology | Logical Categorization. | 60 | 1 | 6fc1f7e8-34f2-417c-8e99-45ab525d1963 | 2022 |
Which of the following instruments is used in the objective evaluation of visual perception?: | Aesthesiometer. | "Flicker" Fusion Point. | Two-point discrimination test. | Psychology | Purdue Precision Test. | 61 | 1 | b5b73de7-501e-4505-8e14-3af8ddb9dbea | 2022 |
What does the subject indicate when responding to items on a Likert-type scale from 0 to 100% in Berstein and Putman's (1986) Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES)? | Percentage of time that dissociative experiences occur to them. | Degree of frequency and intensity (frequency x intensity), of dissociative experiences. | Degree of intensity with which dissociative experiences occur to them. | Psychology | Percentage of dissociative experiences believed to have occurred in the previous month. | 62 | 2 | a7c7224e-c74f-4a62-8ad7-709a6a7a5a4b | 2022 |
What feature does the Global Posttraumatic Stress Assessment Test (EGEP-5) by Crespo and colleagues (2017) have? | The administration is preferably hetero-applied and individual. | The format of the items is uniform across all its response scales. | It consists of two sections: one on traumatic events and another on symptomatology. | Psychology | It includes the evaluation of post-traumatic symptoms that are not included in the criteria of the DSM-5. | 63 | 3 | 7430df82-743a-4f86-8898-bba7e66f9668 | 2022 |
One of the most developed analysis systems applied to life stories is the narrative coherence (Adler and colleagues, 2007). In the context of this model, indicate what the indicators or indexes of coherence in the life story are: | Unity, dialogue, attention, and structure. | Orientation, structure, affect, and integration. | Values, vital theme, self-control and achievement. | Psychology | Self-control, status, responsibility, and dialogue. | 64 | 1 | 5c4a035e-7898-4454-be61-65a117eaba44 | 2022 |
In the Adjective Inventory for Personality Disorder Evaluation (IA-TP) (Tous and collaborators, 2009), what scale is associated with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder? | Perfectionist personality. | Inhibited personality. | Respectful personality. | Psychology | Sensitive personality. | 65 | 4 | 96a4aaac-e006-4796-9455-c6f44389b021 | 2022 |
The Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI): | It is considered that the protocol is not valid from 18 or more omissions or double answers. | It contains 22 scales: 4 for validity, 14 clinical, 3 for treatment considerations and 1 for interpersonal conflicts. | It contains an abbreviated version composed of the first 100 items. | Psychology | Its purpose is confined to the assessment of personality disorders. | 66 | 2 | 1a3378a9-8425-4140-8490-57956ecc9619 | 2022 |
The Short Questionnaire on Quality of Life (CUBRECAVI) by Fernández-Ballesteros and collaborators (1996): | Evaluates 5 dimensions of quality of life. | It is applicable from the age of 55 onwards. | It can be administered through an interview or a self-administered questionnaire. | Psychology | Evaluates perceived health through the scales: energy, pain, emotional reactions, sleep, social isolation, and mobility. | 67 | 4 | f9a02977-886f-4a66-9a5a-e0b0147a34f5 | 2022 |
Which of the following tools is used to assess the instrumental activities of daily life in people in a situation of dependency? | Barthel Index. | Katz Index. | Morton's Index. | Psychology | Lawton and Brody Index. | 68 | 3 | 5cd43bfb-fb37-488d-9780-0581d26e9867 | 2022 |
Regarding the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS), indicate the correct option: | Each item is evaluated using a 5-point Likert scale. | The composite scale is obtained by subtracting the positive scale score from the negative scale score (PANSS-C = PANSS-N - PANSS-P). | It is applied considering the symptomatic presentation in the last month as a reference. | Psychology | From a categorical perspective, it classifies schizophrenia into positive, negative, or mixed schizophrenic disorder. | 69 | 3 | 1751208c-0989-4379-b19c-57e5111ca1ee | 2022 |
According to Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, intelligence can be understood in the interaction of three aspects. Which of them would explain the abilities involved in the individual's creative capacity? | The Experiential Subtheory. | The Componential Subtheory. | The execution sub-theory. | Psychology | The contextual sub-theory. | 70 | 2 | c2801072-9c43-4464-a779-4f2265867880 | 2022 |
Within the framework of the observational sampling plan, indicate which of the following decisions does not belong to the inter-sessional sampling level: | Minimum number of sessions. | Observation period. | Intervals in which the observation session is divided. | Psychology | Login initiation criterion. | 72 | 4 | cd9e25c4-8cd2-4b7a-ac92-b9a999b0919c | 2022 |
The pediatric neuropsychological battery NEPSY-II has, among its features, the following: | The application time is 30 to 45 minutes. | Evaluates facial emotion recognition and theory of mind. | Evaluates the cognitive abilities of children but not of adolescents. | Psychology | Contains a form for parents. | 73 | 1 | 9948d851-caed-4935-a018-fd116bb99612 | 2022 |
Indicate which test is not included in Stambak's rhythmic structures: | Reproduction of heard temporal structures. | Graphical reproduction of observed spatial structures. | Symbolization of spatiotemporal structures. | Psychology | Reproduction of dictated spatial structures. | 74 | 3 | 969d894f-a7d2-4d7f-9474-5242adbf65fa | 2022 |
Indicate which of the following evaluation tests is not used in 3-year-old children: | Columbia Mental Maturity Scale (CMMS) Test. | McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities and Psychomotor Skills (MSCA). | Battelle Developmental Inventory. | Psychology | Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children by Kaufman and Kaufman (K-ABC). | 75 | 2 | 57b0fd7a-0c05-4b23-93ce-4fe5880d36d0 | 2022 |
Indicate the correct option regarding the WPPSI-IV. At the lower application level (2:6 to 3:11 years): | The indices of verbal comprehension, visuospatial and working memory are obtained. | The following tests are used: matrices, animal search, similarities, concepts, cancellation and vocabulary. | The indices of fluid reasoning and processing speed are included. | Psychology | The secondary scales give rise to the cognitive competence index. | 76 | 2 | d41ad987-8b57-4109-9c96-ee1f6fb48ce6 | 2022 |
One of the three second-order intellectual abilities evaluated by the BAS-II is perceptive reasoning. Which test is used to calculate this index? | Graphic similarities test and cube test. | Copy test and cube test. | Cube test and numerical concepts test. | Psychology | Numerical concepts test and graphical similarities test. | 77 | 3 | f95cb968-6247-4a48-b3f4-93e0d63e65eb | 2022 |
In the assessment of functional enuresis in childhood, the Morgan and Young Maternal Tolerance Scale has been associated with: | Mother's involvement in the management of the intervention. | Prediction of premature abandonment of the intervention. | Effectiveness of intervention in resistant cases. | Psychology | Degree of the child's adherence to the intervention. | 78 | 1 | 178935ea-6b78-4d1d-a712-9f67cfb2ddbc | 2022 |
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