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mapping-mena
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openalex-mena-v2

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train · 415k rows

id stringlengths 27 32	title stringlengths 1 500 ⌀	authors listlengths 0 100	concept_ids listlengths 1 43	countries sequencelengths 1 26	referenced_works_ids sequencelengths 0 3.83k	cited_by_url stringlengths 50 55	abstract stringlengths 35 49.8k	sources listlengths 0 50
https://openalex.org/W2114887749	Introduction: State and Society: Neither Lovers nor Haters	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Berna Turam", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5072818348" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Monica M. Ringer", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5040494165" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Secularization", "id": "https://openalex.org/C9299846" }, { "display_name": "Polity", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779707719" }, { "display_name": "Secular state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C132751094" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Secularism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11293438" }, { "display_name": "Secular education", "id": "https://openalex.org/C72590504" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Turkish", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2781121862" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Piety", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778897741" }, { "display_name": "Scholarship", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778061430" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Linguistics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W432610543", "https://openalex.org/W560265114", "https://openalex.org/W592740341", "https://openalex.org/W600306843", "https://openalex.org/W602686317", "https://openalex.org/W625480808", "https://openalex.org/W627864236", "https://openalex.org/W1506213084", "https://openalex.org/W1585369083", "https://openalex.org/W1906709662", "https://openalex.org/W1971389594", "https://openalex.org/W1976931975", "https://openalex.org/W1978213954", "https://openalex.org/W1984634220", "https://openalex.org/W2014961657", "https://openalex.org/W2062434534", "https://openalex.org/W2083199161", "https://openalex.org/W2175262237", "https://openalex.org/W2333719906", "https://openalex.org/W2606423508" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2114887749	In both media accounts and scholarship, contemporary Turkey draws much attention as a hotbed of contestation between Islamists and secularists. Indeed, the ban of the popularly elected Islamist Welfare Party and of the headscarf in universities in 1998 reinforced an already predominant dichotomy between the repressively secular state and the Muslim actors. What deserves more attention, however, is the transformation in state-society relations since the late 1990s. From a state-society perspective, the recent secularist backlash remains understudied. Why does the secularist discontent peak at a time when Muslim actors in Turkey seem to have secularized and integrated into the secular polity and capitalist market? The answer lies in the shifting patterns of interaction between the secular state and Muslim actors. While Islamists abandoned their radical edge and integrated into the secular system and free market, the ability of the Turkish state to accommodate religion has likewise expanded. Put differently, through its nonconfrontational interactions with Islamists, the Turkish state has experimented with greater capacities for accommodating religious piety and politics. While admittedly this increased tolerance has not always been smooth or unilinear, the long-term trend has been toward “the politics of engagement”—that is, everyday negotiations and cooperation between Muslims and the secular state.	[ { "display_name": "Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and The Middle East", "id": "https://openalex.org/S52863871", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W4312046044	An illiberal welfare state emerging? Welfare efforts and trajectories under democratic backsliding in Hungary and Turkey	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Hungary", "display_name": "Centre for Social Sciences", "id": "https://openalex.org/I4210137611", "lat": 47.50356, "long": 19.029863, "type": "facility" } ], "display_name": "Dorottya Szikra", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5077084897" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Germany", "display_name": "University of Bremen", "id": "https://openalex.org/I180437899", "lat": 53.07582, "long": 8.80717, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Kerem Gabriel Öktem", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5040300488" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Veto", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776331573" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Democratization", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17058734" }, { "display_name": "Retrenchment", "id": "https://openalex.org/C101173714" }, { "display_name": "Democracy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C555826173" }, { "display_name": "Social policy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C19159745" }, { "display_name": "Authoritarianism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C68346564" }, { "display_name": "Welfare reform", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777022163" }, { "display_name": "Restructuring", "id": "https://openalex.org/C45237549" }, { "display_name": "Autocracy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144661447" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Economic system", "id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "Public administration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W132993112", "https://openalex.org/W1503141334", "https://openalex.org/W1971459314", "https://openalex.org/W2100820601", "https://openalex.org/W2113571993", "https://openalex.org/W2152591622", "https://openalex.org/W2318072756", "https://openalex.org/W2480728527", "https://openalex.org/W2505799177", "https://openalex.org/W2516462599", "https://openalex.org/W2765516535", "https://openalex.org/W2767539263", "https://openalex.org/W2769411936", "https://openalex.org/W2789619723", "https://openalex.org/W2793463064", "https://openalex.org/W2797097844", "https://openalex.org/W2806317758", "https://openalex.org/W2917759863", "https://openalex.org/W2921430672", "https://openalex.org/W2970322769", "https://openalex.org/W3015559667", "https://openalex.org/W3022023797", "https://openalex.org/W3034855627", "https://openalex.org/W3043446556", "https://openalex.org/W3047391870", "https://openalex.org/W3123674119", "https://openalex.org/W3124325563", "https://openalex.org/W3124454269", "https://openalex.org/W3200700592", "https://openalex.org/W3217744557", "https://openalex.org/W4224249703", "https://openalex.org/W4237710071", "https://openalex.org/W4251454347", "https://openalex.org/W4254672500", "https://openalex.org/W4254787857" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4312046044	Mainstream western-centric welfare state research has mostly confined itself to studying social policy in consolidated democracies and tends to assume a synergy between democracy and the welfare state. This article shifts the focus to welfare states in countries with declining democratic institutions and rising right-wing populist rule to explore a complex relationship between (de)democratization and welfare state reforms. We conduct a comparative case study of two extreme cases of democratic decline, Turkey and Hungary. We employ a sequential mixed method approach. First, we assess welfare efforts in the two countries to understand which policy areas were prioritized and whether autocratizing governments retrenched or expanded their welfare states. In the second stage, we explore the trajectory of welfare reforms in Hungary and Turkey, focusing on three analytically distinguishable dimensions of social policy change: policy content, policy procedures (including timing, parliamentary procedures, veto players); and the discourses accompanying reforms. We find that democratic decline facilitates rapid welfare state change but it does not necessarily mean retrenchment. Instead we observe ambivalent processes of welfare state restructuring. Common themes emerging in both countries are the rise of flagship programmes that ensure electoral support, a transition towards top-down decision-making and the salient role of discourse in welfare governance. Overall, similarities are stronger in procedures and discourse than in the direction of reforms. Differences in spending levels and policy content do not suggest that the two cases constitute a coherent illiberal welfare state regime. Instead, we see the emergence of authoritarian features that modify their original welfare models.	[ { "display_name": "Journal of European Social Policy", "id": "https://openalex.org/S187013691", "type": "journal" }, { "display_name": "Repository of the Academy's Library (Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences)", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400081", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W213626617	The EU and the Domestic Politics of Welfare State Reforms: Europa, Europae	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Paolo Roberto Graziano", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5059834877" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Sophie Jacquot", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5059520668" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Bruno Palier", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5016209684" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W213626617	Introduction: The Many Faces of Social Europe - Brief Introductory Note P.R.Graziano, S.Jacquot & B.Palier Europa, Europae: A Framework for Analysis P.R.Graziano, S.Jacquot & B.Palier Social Europe in Action: The Evolution of EU Policies and Resources H.Caune, S.Jacquot & B.Palier The EU and Czech Instrumentalism in Employment and Social Inclusion Strategy T.Sirovatka The EU and the French Welfare Reforms: between Denial, Boasting and Legitimation H.Caune, S.Jacquot & B.Palier The Reform-Laggard Germany: 'Using' the EU in Policy Reform Debates? P.Aurich & A.Schuttpelz Usages of 'Europe' in Welfare Policies in Greece, 1981-2010 D.Sotiropoulos Eppur si Muoveva...The Italian Trajectory of Recent Welfare Reforms: from 'Rescued by Europe' to Euro-Skepticism P.R.Graziano & M.Jessoula The Activation Turn in the Netherlands: 'home'grown or Steered by Europe? R.van Berkel & W.de Graaf A Compass or a Spear? The Partisan Usage of Europe in Portuguese Employment-Friendly Reforms S.Zartaloudis Social Security Reform in Turkey: Different usages of Europe in Shaping the National Welfare Reform C.Duyulmus Sweden the Reluctant Rule Follower A.Vifell Europeanization and Welfare State Change in the UK: Another Case of 'Fog over the Channel'? J.Hopkin & C.van Wijnbergen Conclusion	[]
https://openalex.org/W2529178362	Interns and Infidels: The Transformation of Work and Citizenship in Turkey and the United States under Neo-liberalism	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United States", "display_name": "Framingham State University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I47834966", "lat": 42.297882, "long": -71.43714, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Kaan Ağartan", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5005263479" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United States", "display_name": "Providence College", "id": "https://openalex.org/I196272386", "lat": 41.82399, "long": -71.41283, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Cedric de Leon", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5013146467" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Citizenship", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780781376" }, { "display_name": "Liberalism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C547727832" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Conservatism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C96640997" }, { "display_name": "Social rights", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777671340" }, { "display_name": "Population", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359" }, { "display_name": "Deportation", "id": "https://openalex.org/C60961049" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Neoliberalism (international relations)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C118589477" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Immigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Human rights", "id": "https://openalex.org/C169437150" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Demography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W88979876", "https://openalex.org/W562216044", "https://openalex.org/W598010619", "https://openalex.org/W1503013872", "https://openalex.org/W1527782479", "https://openalex.org/W1571957696", "https://openalex.org/W1594586892", "https://openalex.org/W1600642542", "https://openalex.org/W1758792603", "https://openalex.org/W1932998111", "https://openalex.org/W1970313314", "https://openalex.org/W1979419289", "https://openalex.org/W1994743485", "https://openalex.org/W2008470061", "https://openalex.org/W2080269710", "https://openalex.org/W2093833615", "https://openalex.org/W2095992600", "https://openalex.org/W2106906572", "https://openalex.org/W2158440326", "https://openalex.org/W2161564834", "https://openalex.org/W2290074342", "https://openalex.org/W2482110018", "https://openalex.org/W2751394458", "https://openalex.org/W2799138032", "https://openalex.org/W3140093003", "https://openalex.org/W3208954639" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2529178362	<p>How do the dispossessed remain governable under economic insecurity? What explains the persistence of work as a prerequisite to social rights in a time when fewer formal jobs exist? Drawing on a comparison of Turkey and the United States since 1980, we demonstrate that the neo-liberal state deploys different versions of the “work-citizenship nexus” to manage both the shrinking minority who enjoy the benefits of full citizenship and the rest who struggle to attain the rights and privileges of the formally employed. We find that neo-liberal state practices comprise a dual movement. On the one hand, the state in both countries reorients itself toward the market in welfare provision and the regulation of labour relations, capitalising on precarious work structures to bring their populations into the fold of neo-liberal governance. On the other hand, the state directly intervenes in disparate ways to manage those who cannot make it in the market. While the American state uses tactics of mass incarceration and deportation, the Turkish state opts for a blend of social conservatism and authoritarianism. This dual movement of reorientation and direct intervention results in what we call “tiered citizenship regimes” that facilitate the management of the population in each case.</p>	[ { "display_name": "Global Labour Journal", "id": "https://openalex.org/S2764830746", "type": "journal" }, { "display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W637961722	Trajectories of female employment in the Mediterranean	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Ayşe Buğra", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5049697080" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Yalçın Özkan", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5020362286" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Modernization theory", "id": "https://openalex.org/C53844881" }, { "display_name": "Independence (probability theory)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C35651441" }, { "display_name": "Conservatism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C96640997" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Geography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Demographic economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254" }, { "display_name": "Economic growth", "id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "Statistics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698" }, { "display_name": "Mathematics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" } ]	[ "Turkey", "Egypt" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W637961722	Introduction: Trajectories of Female Employment in the Mediterranean A.Bu?ra Female Employment and Welfare State Development in Spain O.Salido & L.Moreno The Modernization of Female Employment in Italy: One Country, Two Patterns A.Andreotti & E.Mingione Female Activity and Employment Trends and Patterns in Greece: Women's Difficult Road to Economic Independence M.Karamessini Modernization, Religious Conservatism and Female Employment through Economic Development in Turkey A.Bu?ra & Y.OEzkan How Private Lives Determine Work Options: Reflections on Poor Women's Employment in Egypt H.Sholkamy Conclusion A.Bu?ra & Y.OEzkan	[]
https://openalex.org/W3110742833	Neoliberalism, welfare, and mass male circumcisions in Turkey	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United States", "display_name": "Bowdoin College", "id": "https://openalex.org/I135474949", "lat": 43.91452, "long": -69.96533, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Oyman Başaran", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5030854617" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Neoliberalism (international relations)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C118589477" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Economic Justice", "id": "https://openalex.org/C139621336" }, { "display_name": "Social justice", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2982832299" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W1780794776", "https://openalex.org/W1970313314", "https://openalex.org/W1984179216", "https://openalex.org/W2001461149", "https://openalex.org/W2001696992", "https://openalex.org/W2013789954", "https://openalex.org/W2021716487", "https://openalex.org/W2033225074", "https://openalex.org/W2046853614", "https://openalex.org/W2048927207", "https://openalex.org/W2058420126", "https://openalex.org/W2158440326", "https://openalex.org/W2161004757", "https://openalex.org/W2162357652", "https://openalex.org/W2178352793", "https://openalex.org/W2184298107", "https://openalex.org/W2316998147", "https://openalex.org/W2326795240", "https://openalex.org/W2395239688", "https://openalex.org/W2480728527", "https://openalex.org/W2490996775", "https://openalex.org/W2715693319", "https://openalex.org/W2937031196", "https://openalex.org/W2983784251", "https://openalex.org/W3125816130", "https://openalex.org/W4240027413", "https://openalex.org/W4241941929", "https://openalex.org/W4244383376", "https://openalex.org/W4245584066" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3110742833	ABSTRACT This article explores the neoliberalization of mass male circumcisions, a type of social assistance in Turkey. Male circumcision is a religious and medical practice widely performed in Muslim-majority Turkey, and when this procedure is organised for the poor in large numbers, it is referred to as mass male circumcisions. The article argues that since the 2000s, the AKP (Justice and Development Party) has neoliberalized mass male circumcision by transforming it into an economic and symbolic resource for competing hospitals as well as shaping the ‘deserving’ urban poor families into consumer-like actors. The article further shows the limits and contradictions of this process. In doing so, it challenges the binary between neoliberalism and welfare, and views social assistance as another potential site of neoliberalization that recrafts the society and the state in the image of the market, cutting across economic and non-economic spheres.	[ { "display_name": "European Journal of Cultural and Political Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/S2764362400", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W3022023797	Electoral Polarization, Class Politics and a New Welfare State in Brazil and Turkey	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Erdem Yörük", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5080592381" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Brazil", "display_name": "Universidade de São Paulo", "id": "https://openalex.org/I17974374", "lat": -23.5475, "long": -46.63611, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Álvaro Augusto Comin", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5065498408" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Internationalization", "id": "https://openalex.org/C97509610" }, { "display_name": "Polarization (electrochemistry)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C205049153" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Middle class", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779233565" }, { "display_name": "Class (philosophy)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777212361" }, { "display_name": "Economic system", "id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Power (physics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C163258240" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "International trade", "id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Chemistry", "id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680" }, { "display_name": "Physics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964" }, { "display_name": "Physical chemistry", "id": "https://openalex.org/C147789679" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Quantum mechanics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636" }, { "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W52711932", "https://openalex.org/W74794663", "https://openalex.org/W1870176851", "https://openalex.org/W1970653045", "https://openalex.org/W1977233397", "https://openalex.org/W1985234127", "https://openalex.org/W1994500540", "https://openalex.org/W1998729755", "https://openalex.org/W2001461149", "https://openalex.org/W2034955981", "https://openalex.org/W2056344345", "https://openalex.org/W2067296271", "https://openalex.org/W2074137550", "https://openalex.org/W2077454920", "https://openalex.org/W2080434957", "https://openalex.org/W2080780810", "https://openalex.org/W2090655563", "https://openalex.org/W2092348151", "https://openalex.org/W2100741670", "https://openalex.org/W2103712971", "https://openalex.org/W2115601936", "https://openalex.org/W2142708942", "https://openalex.org/W2143523124", "https://openalex.org/W2158440326", "https://openalex.org/W2161639485", "https://openalex.org/W2293201281", "https://openalex.org/W2548400625", "https://openalex.org/W3125912355", "https://openalex.org/W4239302827", "https://openalex.org/W4245056189", "https://openalex.org/W4248773941", "https://openalex.org/W4300164791" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3022023797	We explain why and how the governing parties, AKP of Turkey and PT of Brazil, converged on the same path of relying on the poor as the main strategy to stay in power. With the neoliberal reorganization and internationalization of their economies, the capacity of these governments to set up developmentalist alliances with big capital, the middle classes and the organized working classes was weakened. Based on a most-different-systems design and on descriptive statistical analysis, we argue that both PT and AKP failed to build multi-class bases and thus had to mobilize the poor by using various strategies, most importantly expanding social assistance policies, which accelerated the emergence of a new welfare state.	[ { "display_name": "European Review", "id": "https://openalex.org/S162792360", "type": "journal" }, { "display_name": "Digital Collections portal (Koç University)", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401341", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2108883569	Integration of Caribbean immigrants in a welfare state city: Surinamese and Antilleans in Amsterdam	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Netherlands", "display_name": "University of Amsterdam", "id": "https://openalex.org/I887064364", "lat": 52.37403, "long": 4.88969, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "S. Musterd", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5006543736" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Netherlands", "display_name": "University of Amsterdam", "id": "https://openalex.org/I887064364", "lat": 52.37403, "long": 4.88969, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Nicole Smakman", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5007771873" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Immigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468" }, { "display_name": "Settlement (finance)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777063073" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Population", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359" }, { "display_name": "Position (finance)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C198082294" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Market integration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2781051278" }, { "display_name": "Demographic economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Demography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Finance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Payment", "id": "https://openalex.org/C145097563" }, { "display_name": "Macroeconomics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470" } ]	[ "Turkey", "Morocco" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W1504475163", "https://openalex.org/W1542149367", "https://openalex.org/W2020797646", "https://openalex.org/W2080247451", "https://openalex.org/W2102771184", "https://openalex.org/W2104152998", "https://openalex.org/W2104262845" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2108883569	‘Blacks, who are trapped in ghetto-like urban environments and who fail to participate in society, who are not able to get a decent house and cannot get a proper job’: that is the stereotypical fearful image particularly associated with US cities. It also seems to play a major role in the political and scientific debates about integration of (black or coloured) immigrants into other countries. This is certainly true for the Netherlands, where the fear of the ghetto is frequently expressed in relation to the settlement of Caribbean, Turkish and Moroccan immigrants. However, whereas the stereotype of the ghetto may be valid for some parts of the black population in some US cities, the immigrant settlement patterns in the US and elsewhere seem to require other images. Certainly the European (and again specifically the Dutch) situation should not be referred to using labels like ‘the ghetto’, not even when it concerns black Caribbean immigrants of African origin. In this paper we analyse the level of integration of Dutch Caribbean immigrants, i.e. Surinamese and Antilleans. Integration was investigated in the spatial sphere and in the housing market and labour market contexts in the Netherlands, and more particularly in Amsterdam. Moderate levels of spatial segregation and a fairly strong housing market position indicate high levels of integration. Their position on the labour market, which initially was less favourable, has recently improved substantially, and coincides with advancement in higher secondary education among Surinamese youths. The article sets out that these achievements are likely to be associated with the wider organisation of the Dutch welfare state and with the booming economy. Since currently that welfare state is under revision, with an increase in social polarisation and a reduction of housing support among the likely effects, and since employment opportunities for many immigrants are strongly related to the business cycle, the future prospects for Caribbean immigrants are not unambiguously positive. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.	[ { "display_name": "International Journal of Population Geography", "id": "https://openalex.org/S170076069", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2092212799	National Identity and the Informational Welfare State: Turkey and Malaysia Compared	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United States", "display_name": "University of North Texas", "id": "https://openalex.org/I123534392", "lat": 33.211994, "long": -97.14914, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Gabe Ignatow", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5027596821" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Incentive", "id": "https://openalex.org/C29122968" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "National identity", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778407155" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Identity (music)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778355321" }, { "display_name": "Value (mathematics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776291640" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Conceptual framework", "id": "https://openalex.org/C14224292" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Information society", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779533120" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Social science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C36289849" }, { "display_name": "Economic growth", "id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688" }, { "display_name": "Public administration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Physics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Machine learning", "id": "https://openalex.org/C119857082" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Acoustics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C24890656" }, { "display_name": "Microeconomics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C175444787" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W231719289", "https://openalex.org/W1531156731", "https://openalex.org/W1969832801", "https://openalex.org/W1973277390", "https://openalex.org/W1974525764", "https://openalex.org/W1977805990", "https://openalex.org/W1996678811", "https://openalex.org/W1999630110", "https://openalex.org/W2003939026", "https://openalex.org/W2004633841", "https://openalex.org/W2012826002", "https://openalex.org/W2022837026", "https://openalex.org/W2026696657", "https://openalex.org/W2028277340", "https://openalex.org/W2032294638", "https://openalex.org/W2039283193", "https://openalex.org/W2051516671", "https://openalex.org/W2054918333", "https://openalex.org/W2057009659", "https://openalex.org/W2057546552", "https://openalex.org/W2066871068", "https://openalex.org/W2068130220", "https://openalex.org/W2086203767", "https://openalex.org/W2093386940", "https://openalex.org/W2097423358", "https://openalex.org/W2099977142", "https://openalex.org/W2109860650", "https://openalex.org/W2115648877", "https://openalex.org/W2118869813", "https://openalex.org/W2121995980", "https://openalex.org/W2133837814", "https://openalex.org/W2137222547", "https://openalex.org/W2144802752", "https://openalex.org/W2148149542", "https://openalex.org/W2163451593", "https://openalex.org/W2185160231", "https://openalex.org/W2326069279", "https://openalex.org/W2476454511", "https://openalex.org/W2497488921", "https://openalex.org/W2912536286", "https://openalex.org/W3121186828", "https://openalex.org/W3122433170", "https://openalex.org/W3122726771", "https://openalex.org/W3125483252", "https://openalex.org/W4205325953", "https://openalex.org/W4229570738", "https://openalex.org/W4237908103", "https://openalex.org/W4238641856", "https://openalex.org/W4244793872", "https://openalex.org/W4245273326", "https://openalex.org/W4254665961", "https://openalex.org/W4256708066" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2092212799	Researchers have found a number of economic, technological, and political factors to be associated with the diffusion of information technology in developing countries. But cultural factors generally, and national identity in particular, have almost never been viewed as consequential. Castells and Himanen's 2002 study of the information society in Finland, in which the authors identify Finnish national culture as an impetus to the development of the country's informational welfare state, is the most prominent exception to this pattern. This article provides a critical overview of Castells and Himanen's research and revises their conceptual framework to focus on the specific choices states make in constructing their national identities and the effects of these choices on information policy and information technology diffusion. It demonstrates the value of this revised framework through a comparison of the historical trajectories of Turkey and Malaysia's nation-building projects, the incentives these projects have created for the two countries’ social and political elites, and the public information policies and programs that have resulted.	[ { "display_name": "The Information Society", "id": "https://openalex.org/S144363146", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W4229332693	When Welfare State “Integration” Becomes an Intimate Family Affair: Ethnic Minority Parents’ Everyday Orchestration of Their Children’s Future Belonging in Denmark	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Denmark", "display_name": "Aarhus University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I204337017", "lat": 56.15674, "long": 10.21076, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Birgitte Romme Larsen", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5047533122" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Everyday life", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779018934" }, { "display_name": "Ethnic group", "id": "https://openalex.org/C137403100" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Perspective (graphical)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C12713177" }, { "display_name": "Danish", "id": "https://openalex.org/C164622146" }, { "display_name": "Vision", "id": "https://openalex.org/C133979268" }, { "display_name": "Family life", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2993804084" }, { "display_name": "Qualitative research", "id": "https://openalex.org/C190248442" }, { "display_name": "Gender studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/C107993555" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Social science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C36289849" }, { "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Anthropology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C19165224" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Linguistics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" } ]	[ "Turkey", "Iraq" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W1976024750", "https://openalex.org/W1979508129", "https://openalex.org/W1991084427", "https://openalex.org/W2008428438", "https://openalex.org/W2012863624", "https://openalex.org/W2039272313", "https://openalex.org/W2067164952", "https://openalex.org/W2067965620", "https://openalex.org/W2149079509", "https://openalex.org/W2745985486", "https://openalex.org/W2795596100", "https://openalex.org/W2805223812", "https://openalex.org/W2885040801", "https://openalex.org/W2921542734", "https://openalex.org/W2992605899", "https://openalex.org/W3083272386", "https://openalex.org/W3124635696" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4229332693	Based on a qualitative interview study, this article focuses on the everyday organization of family life in Denmark among ethnic minority parents with Pakistani, Turkish, Palestinian and Iraqi backgrounds, with a particular view to the quotidian resource management of time and money within intimate parent–child relationships. Through this focus on how the parents prioritize their everyday time and financial resources from an intergenerational perspective, the article explores the motivations and reasoning behind such arrangements of family life—including how they reflect parents’ visions for their children’s future lives. While it applies a time-use and consumption perspective to examine mundane family lives, as opposed to, for instance, a social integration perspective, the analysis nonetheless reveals how Danish policy and public debate on the “integration” of ethnic minorities directly and in detail shapes the quotidian orchestration of family life and its intimate relations. This translates into a highly concrete, everyday concern with and attentiveness towards “integration” among the parents. This attentiveness towards the Danish integration debate haunts the parents’ sense of self. Moreover, I argue that it materializes in routinized family life practices, strongly shaping the innermost private sphere of mundane parental choices regarding the day-to-day management of time and money, and in the everyday strategies for the next generation’s future belonging in Denmark expressed in this management.	[ { "display_name": "Genealogy", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4210193723", "type": "journal" }, { "display_name": "Scopus (Elsevier)", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400063", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2143516535	Explaining Convergence and Common Trends in the Role of the State in OECD Healthcare Systems	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United States", "display_name": "RAND Corporation", "id": "https://openalex.org/I1309849503", "lat": 34.009598, "long": -118.49067, "type": "nonprofit" }, { "country": "Germany", "display_name": "University of Bremen", "id": "https://openalex.org/I180437899", "lat": 53.07582, "long": 8.80717, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Mirella Cacace", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5054893571" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Germany", "display_name": "University of Bremen", "id": "https://openalex.org/I180437899", "lat": 53.07582, "long": 8.80717, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Ralf Götze", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5064068407" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Germany", "display_name": "University of Bremen", "id": "https://openalex.org/I180437899", "lat": 53.07582, "long": 8.80717, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Achim Schmid", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5062242578" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Germany", "display_name": "University of Bremen", "id": "https://openalex.org/I180437899", "lat": 53.07582, "long": 8.80717, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Heinz Rothgang", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5089786833" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Neglect", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776289891" }, { "display_name": "Healthcare system", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2988170871" }, { "display_name": "Health care", "id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Convergence (economics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777303404" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Qualitative analysis", "id": "https://openalex.org/C3018587665" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Economic system", "id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Qualitative research", "id": "https://openalex.org/C190248442" }, { "display_name": "Economic growth", "id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Medicine", "id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100" }, { "display_name": "Social science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C36289849" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Nursing", "id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W51899016", "https://openalex.org/W406737593", "https://openalex.org/W572543676", "https://openalex.org/W1516794623", "https://openalex.org/W1532648944", "https://openalex.org/W1535299923", "https://openalex.org/W1549771813", "https://openalex.org/W1549911013", "https://openalex.org/W1571783344", "https://openalex.org/W1602288961", "https://openalex.org/W1890898854", "https://openalex.org/W1912036110", "https://openalex.org/W1963916181", "https://openalex.org/W1976580787", "https://openalex.org/W1985274239", "https://openalex.org/W2018195327", "https://openalex.org/W2020968631", "https://openalex.org/W2041747279", "https://openalex.org/W2049661928", "https://openalex.org/W2057505086", "https://openalex.org/W2057995166", "https://openalex.org/W2063117381", "https://openalex.org/W2063707777", "https://openalex.org/W2122476314", "https://openalex.org/W2130801145", "https://openalex.org/W2148840596", "https://openalex.org/W2167372299", "https://openalex.org/W2612590785", "https://openalex.org/W2788568884", "https://openalex.org/W2884826449", "https://openalex.org/W3123683249", "https://openalex.org/W3125765331" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2143516535	While all of these approaches have their strengths, they mainly derive from the broader analysis of the welfare state and therefore tend to neglect the specifics of healthcare systems, especially their ty-pology. Yet, the specific healthcare sys-tem type – as we argue in what follows – is a crucial factor when it comes to the explanation of change.In this paper, we outline our theo-retical concept for explaining healthcare system change. We do this against the backdrop of information we gathered by qualitative and quantitative analysis of 23 countries belonging to the Organ-isation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) before the first oil crisis (Turkey excluded) in conjunc-tion with a detailed focus on the cases of Great Britain, Germany, and the United States.	[ { "display_name": "Social Science Research Network", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172589", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W4283328737	Analysing the implications of the Health Transformation Program on perceptions of the welfare state and public services in Turkey	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Turkey", "display_name": "Iğdır Üniversitesi", "id": "https://openalex.org/I344703621", "lat": 39.80366, "long": 44.063305, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Emrah Konuralp", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5038410261" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Turkey", "display_name": "Istanbul Yeni Yüzyıl University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I311431067", "lat": 41.018433, "long": 28.906265, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Nurten Dayıoğlu", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5078893900" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Public healthcare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2986711855" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Health care", "id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492" }, { "display_name": "Face (sociological concept)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779304628" }, { "display_name": "Public health", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342" }, { "display_name": "Public service", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780110086" }, { "display_name": "Service (business)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780378061" }, { "display_name": "Transformation (genetics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C204241405" }, { "display_name": "Business", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560" }, { "display_name": "Public economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100001284" }, { "display_name": "Public administration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431" }, { "display_name": "Economic growth", "id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Nursing", "id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Medicine", "id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100" }, { "display_name": "Marketing", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370" }, { "display_name": "Social science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C36289849" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Biochemistry", "id": "https://openalex.org/C55493867" }, { "display_name": "Chemistry", "id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680" }, { "display_name": "Gene", "id": "https://openalex.org/C104317684" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W1984887950", "https://openalex.org/W1996993917", "https://openalex.org/W2019678418", "https://openalex.org/W2043862324", "https://openalex.org/W2102666888", "https://openalex.org/W2112461980", "https://openalex.org/W2312910209", "https://openalex.org/W2751716073", "https://openalex.org/W2753761231", "https://openalex.org/W2969985332", "https://openalex.org/W3024329690", "https://openalex.org/W3024995641", "https://openalex.org/W3175021666" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4283328737	Abstract The neoliberal structural adjustment policies in Turkey moved on to a new phase with the Health Transformation Program (HTP) that came into effect in 2003. In this study, 5,002 people, who used the services of the public hospitals in Istanbul, participated in a face-to-face survey to find out the impact of the HTP on the public's understanding of the welfare state and also the impact on their opinions over the healthcare services offered by the state. The data were classified into two topics: First, the transformation of the welfare state and second, the adequacy of the public healthcare services. Interestingly, the participants took a much more explicit stance against the neoliberal transformation of the welfare state than against the adequacy of the public healthcare service provision. The primary purpose of this research was to expose this paradox.	[ { "display_name": "Acta Oeconomica", "id": "https://openalex.org/S104354167", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W1485481077	Economic transitions to neoliberalism in middle-income countries : policy dilemmas, economic crises, forms of resistance	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Alfredo Saad‐Filho", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5088053054" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Galip L. Yalman", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5038911129" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Neoliberalism (international relations)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C118589477" }, { "display_name": "Capitalism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C514928085" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Hegemony", "id": "https://openalex.org/C135121143" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Economic system", "id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1485481077	Neoliberalism is based on the systematic use of state power to impose, under the veil of ‘non-intervention’, a hegemonic project of recomposition of capitalist rule in most areas of social life. The tensions and displacements embedded within global neoliberalism are nowhere more evident than in the middle-income countries. At the domestic level, the neoliberal transitions have transformed significantly the material basis of social reproduction in these countries. These transformations include, but they are not limited to, shifts in economic and social policy. They also encompass the structure of property, the modality of insertion of the country into the international economy, and the domestic forms of exploitation and social domination. The political counterpart of these processes is the limitation of the domestic political sphere through the insulation of ‘markets’ and investors from social accountability and the imposition of a stronger imperative of labour control, allegedly in order to secure international competitiveness. These economic and political shifts have reduced the scope for universal welfare provision and led to regressive distributive shifts and higher unemployment and job insecurity in most countries. They have also created an income-concentrating dynamics of accumulation that has proven immune to Keynesian and reformist interventions. This book examines these challenges and dilemmas analytically, and empirically in different national contexts. This edited collection offers a theoretical critique of neoliberalism and a review of the contrasting experiences of eight middle-income countries (Brazil, China, India, Mexico, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey and Venezuela). The studies included are interdisciplinary, ranging across economics, sociology, anthropology, international relations, political science and related social sciences. The book focuses on a materialist understanding of the workings of neoliberalism as a modality of social and economic reproduction, and its everyday practices of dispossession and exploitation. It will therefore be of particular interest to scholars in industrial policy, neoliberalism and development strategy.	[]
https://openalex.org/W1912082322	A Comparative Study of Net Transfers for Different Immigrant Groups: Evidence from Germany	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Sweden", "display_name": "Swedish Institute", "id": "https://openalex.org/I2800780207", "lat": 59.32938, "long": 18.06871, "type": "government" } ], "display_name": "Christer Gerdes", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5029456625" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Immigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Demographic economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254" }, { "display_name": "Payment", "id": "https://openalex.org/C145097563" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Public economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100001284" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "Finance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" } ]	[ "Turkey", "Lebanon", "Iran" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W1972379256", "https://openalex.org/W1980866531", "https://openalex.org/W1991113213", "https://openalex.org/W2073760950", "https://openalex.org/W2080866625", "https://openalex.org/W2086434354", "https://openalex.org/W2106153257", "https://openalex.org/W2106209831", "https://openalex.org/W2128112883", "https://openalex.org/W2145334861", "https://openalex.org/W2152051138", "https://openalex.org/W2493148631", "https://openalex.org/W3121232164", "https://openalex.org/W3121690731", "https://openalex.org/W4232067890" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1912082322	Abstract In the wake of immigration to Western welfare states, certain aspects, such as the financial cost of providing social welfare, have become a subject of debate. The net amount of costs and tax payments, sometimes referred to as net transfers, has been used as a measure for evaluating the sustainability of welfare state systems. The present study analyses determinants of the volume of net transfers in Germany in 2002 with reference to immigrants from Poland, Turkey, former Yugoslavia, Lebanon and Iran. The study focuses on the differences and similarities between their outcomes. In line with previous research, the results below suggest that employment situation and family composition explain a large part of the differences in net transfers. One outcome that has not previously been adequately addressed, however, is that the legal immigration status granted on arrival in Germany is of considerable importance.	[ { "display_name": "International Migration", "id": "https://openalex.org/S61710699", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2256694903	A comparative study on partnership dynamics among immigrants and their descendants	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Croatia", "display_name": "Institute for Social Research", "id": "https://openalex.org/I3133182661", "lat": 45.81173, "long": 15.980446, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Tina Hannemann", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5073458927" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United Kingdom", "display_name": "University of Liverpool", "id": "https://openalex.org/I146655781", "lat": 53.41058, "long": -2.97794, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Hill Kulu", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5039360449" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Spain", "display_name": "Spanish National Research Council", "id": "https://openalex.org/I134820265", "lat": 40.4165, "long": -3.70256, "type": "government" } ], "display_name": "Amparo González‐Ferrer", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5075620192" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "France", "display_name": "National Institute for Demographic Studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/I1325388108", "lat": 48.85341, "long": 2.3488, "type": "facility" } ], "display_name": "Ariane Pailhé", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5089988740" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Estonia", "display_name": "Tallinn University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I193629610", "lat": 59.43696, "long": 24.75353, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Leen Rahnu", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5086531844" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Estonia", "display_name": "Tallinn University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I193629610", "lat": 59.43696, "long": 24.75353, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Allan Puur", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5059874873" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Immigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468" }, { "display_name": "General partnership", "id": "https://openalex.org/C71750763" }, { "display_name": "Context (archaeology)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474" }, { "display_name": "European union", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2910001868" }, { "display_name": "Geography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164" }, { "display_name": "Demographic economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "International trade", "id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549" }, { "display_name": "Archaeology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W74815032", "https://openalex.org/W245034627", "https://openalex.org/W286864836", "https://openalex.org/W1545764711", "https://openalex.org/W1589646505", "https://openalex.org/W1595011983", "https://openalex.org/W1599633294", "https://openalex.org/W1606192125", "https://openalex.org/W1785697745", "https://openalex.org/W1790882315", "https://openalex.org/W1828336329", "https://openalex.org/W1881041542", "https://openalex.org/W1972818937", "https://openalex.org/W1983515953", "https://openalex.org/W1987633789", "https://openalex.org/W2002514978", "https://openalex.org/W2004417406", "https://openalex.org/W2010595094", "https://openalex.org/W2012457730", "https://openalex.org/W2013851817", "https://openalex.org/W2015165270", "https://openalex.org/W2016031440", "https://openalex.org/W2020520254", "https://openalex.org/W2020717702", "https://openalex.org/W2022172007", "https://openalex.org/W2023286240", "https://openalex.org/W2029464359", "https://openalex.org/W2031789236", "https://openalex.org/W2032364332", "https://openalex.org/W2037120604", "https://openalex.org/W2048898706", "https://openalex.org/W2056693680", "https://openalex.org/W2057135645", "https://openalex.org/W2058002542", "https://openalex.org/W2058011026", "https://openalex.org/W2074999374", "https://openalex.org/W2076601535", "https://openalex.org/W2076929623", "https://openalex.org/W2080652493", "https://openalex.org/W2081485015", "https://openalex.org/W2087478996", "https://openalex.org/W2094839026", "https://openalex.org/W2098341218", "https://openalex.org/W2105855193", "https://openalex.org/W2107193733", "https://openalex.org/W2107841861", "https://openalex.org/W2126299176", "https://openalex.org/W2136650694", "https://openalex.org/W2140352414", "https://openalex.org/W2143875124", "https://openalex.org/W2150006672", "https://openalex.org/W2154400227", "https://openalex.org/W2155460814", "https://openalex.org/W2157207849", "https://openalex.org/W2159602655", "https://openalex.org/W2162919305", "https://openalex.org/W2169408565", "https://openalex.org/W2171607210", "https://openalex.org/W2259438915", "https://openalex.org/W2316438997", "https://openalex.org/W2592063892", "https://openalex.org/W2781274872", "https://openalex.org/W3123094809", "https://openalex.org/W3148657029" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2256694903	This study investigates union formation and dissolution among immigrants and their descendants in four European countries with different migration histories and welfare state policies (United Kingdom, Estonia, France and Spain). While there is a growing body of literature on migrant families in Europe, there is little comparative research that has benefitted from the opportunities that the European context offers. We use pooled data from the four countries and apply an event history analysis. The analysis shows a significant variation in partnership trajectories across migrant groups in some countries (e.g., South Asians versus Caribbeans in the UK) and similar union trajectories for some migrant groups in different countries (e.g., South Asians in the UK and immigrants from Turkey in France). The descendants of immigrants exhibit partnership patterns that are similar to those of their parents’ generation. The country context also matters; specific patterns are observed for Spain and Estonia.	[]
https://openalex.org/W2895804518	Non-public welfare in Turkey: new and old forms of religiously-motivated associations	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Germany", "display_name": "Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies", "id": "https://openalex.org/I4210113798", "lat": 50.93333, "long": 6.95, "type": "facility" } ], "display_name": "İpek Göçmen", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5041782054" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Realm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778757428" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Provisioning", "id": "https://openalex.org/C172191483" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Variety (cybernetics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C136197465" }, { "display_name": "Explanatory power", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777402642" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Public relations", "id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Epistemology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728" }, { "display_name": "Telecommunications", "id": "https://openalex.org/C76155785" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W42001038", "https://openalex.org/W2039492260", "https://openalex.org/W2048927207", "https://openalex.org/W2069406424", "https://openalex.org/W2076349515", "https://openalex.org/W2077725610", "https://openalex.org/W2086124854", "https://openalex.org/W2103591849", "https://openalex.org/W2125728935", "https://openalex.org/W2153586092", "https://openalex.org/W2158440326", "https://openalex.org/W2162357652", "https://openalex.org/W2166908761", "https://openalex.org/W2466494437", "https://openalex.org/W2477814153", "https://openalex.org/W2485399547", "https://openalex.org/W2488212413", "https://openalex.org/W4244218687", "https://openalex.org/W4245056189", "https://openalex.org/W4249075469", "https://openalex.org/W4253745743", "https://openalex.org/W4254279779", "https://openalex.org/W4388177993" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2895804518	By studying the contemporary functioning and historic roots of a variety of religiously-motivated associations (RMAs), this paper explores the blurred boundaries between state institutions, political parties, and religious groups in the realm of welfare, in Turkey. Empirical findings are based on semi-structured interviews conducted with the volunteers and administrators of 27 RMAs, in three cities. These interviews focus on the RMAs’ motivations, administrative and organisational functioning and connections, presenting a comprehensive picture of RMAs as non-public welfare providers. Analysis of both new and old associations provides an understanding of how their histories and proximity to political power differ; it also reveals clues about the politicization of social provisioning. The findings of this study show that these associations have been some of the most important actors in non-public provisioning over the past two decades; they also shed light on the political economy of welfare provisioning.	[]
https://openalex.org/W3082033621	What Kind of Public Policies Trigger Populism	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Attila Bartha", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5084205313" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Pery Bazoti", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5083518446" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "István Benedek", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5014217399" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Eglė Butkevičien", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5053004901" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Dimitrios Katsikas", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5008497523" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Vaidas Morkevičius", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5007531706" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Osman Şahin", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5005800416" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Bálint Schlett", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5061226028" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Giedrius Žvaliauskas", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5011622125" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Populism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C526877150" }, { "display_name": "Technocracy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C185656870" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Authoritarianism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C68346564" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Democracy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C555826173" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Nexus (standard)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C148609458" }, { "display_name": "Corporate governance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C39389867" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Finance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Embedded system", "id": "https://openalex.org/C149635348" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3082033621	This working paper investigates public policies that precede the rise of populism. A mixedmethod research design is applied: on the one hand, we use data from international surveys and databanks to explore the policy–populism nexus from a comparative European perspective. On the other hand, country case studies have been prepared to understand the country-specific historical and socio-economic features of populism and its potential policy roots. Four countries were selected as national case studies: two EU member states (Greece and Hungary) because of a strong, long-term support of populist parties; one EU member state (Lithuania), where support of populist parties remain moderate, although historical and socio-economic features suggest a likely rise of populism; and one country (Turkey) that exhibits the potential hybridization tendencies of populism and the role of policies in the shift from democratic towards authoritarian regimes. We found that the content of policies were weak predictors of the rise of populism. Country-specific measures were more important predictors than policy ideas. At the same time, our results demonstrate that the lack of activation policies may be a strong predictor of welfare populist attitudes of citizens, and the exclusion of a significant proportion of young people from the labour market clearly feeds populist attitudes. Another important finding is that crisis management policies matter, but not the socio-economic crisis in itself: the management of crisis by non-elected policy experts, through technocratic governance methods, will likely trigger populism. This is particularly true in societies where political polarization is high	[]
https://openalex.org/W181298755	Families, care and work in European Mediterranean Countries: findings and lessons from a comparative analysis of work-life balance policies	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Italy", "display_name": "University of Genoa", "id": "https://openalex.org/I83816512", "lat": 44.40292, "long": 8.958889, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Valeria Pandolfini", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5024709453" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Statutory law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C158129432" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Context (archaeology)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Work (physics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C18762648" }, { "display_name": "European union", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2910001868" }, { "display_name": "Balance (ability)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C168031717" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Work–life balance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778215748" }, { "display_name": "Economic growth", "id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Geography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164" }, { "display_name": "Economic policy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569" }, { "display_name": "Mechanical engineering", "id": "https://openalex.org/C78519656" }, { "display_name": "Medicine", "id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100" }, { "display_name": "Archaeology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645" }, { "display_name": "Engineering", "id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Physical medicine and rehabilitation", "id": "https://openalex.org/C99508421" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W63991796", "https://openalex.org/W184815995", "https://openalex.org/W198789605", "https://openalex.org/W1001511403", "https://openalex.org/W1508761758", "https://openalex.org/W1517812924", "https://openalex.org/W1545277818", "https://openalex.org/W1548684650", "https://openalex.org/W1556216073", "https://openalex.org/W1943417776", "https://openalex.org/W2032615520", "https://openalex.org/W2056104262", "https://openalex.org/W2075534721", "https://openalex.org/W2076981266", "https://openalex.org/W2098892355", "https://openalex.org/W2100120064", "https://openalex.org/W2104884222", "https://openalex.org/W2106503035", "https://openalex.org/W2133777695", "https://openalex.org/W2156688363", "https://openalex.org/W2157207849", "https://openalex.org/W2168864626", "https://openalex.org/W2227915649", "https://openalex.org/W2615715445", "https://openalex.org/W2625636649", "https://openalex.org/W2726514486", "https://openalex.org/W2894745083" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W181298755	The article explores work-life balance policies in five European Mediterranean countries: France, Greece, Italy, Spain and Turkey. The aim is to analyze how the interplay among different role of state, markets, third sector and families shapes work and family-care dimensions, within the economic, social, cultural contemporary context and the challenges prompted by the conditions of global crisis. Trough a cross-national comparison using Eurostat and Oecd data, it draws a synthesis of national labor markets’ features, shows the main trends regarding families’ size, composition and models and presents statutory Maternity, Paternity and Parental leave arrangements, early childcare services’ availability and family allowances system. Findings identify common aspects and differences among countries’ regulations, confirming the relationship between work-life balance policies and the different socio-economic contexts as well as cultural patterns and welfare regimes. The article conclude providing recommendations for politics to close the gap between today’s work and family realities and policies and practices governing their interrelationships, reflecting on the potential impact not only on individuals, but also on organizations and society.	[ { "display_name": "Italian Sociological Review", "id": "https://openalex.org/S2738431541", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W10582145	"Reconsidering Citizenship and Nationhood in France and Germany: The Integration of the 21st-century Gastarbeiter"	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Jessamyn Blau", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5044680161" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Citizenship", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780781376" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Immigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468" }, { "display_name": "German", "id": "https://openalex.org/C154775046" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "European union", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2910001868" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Archaeology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645" }, { "display_name": "History", "id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728" }, { "display_name": "Economic policy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W10582145	In the generous welfare states of Europe, one of the most obvious benefits of citizenship is participation in national health insurance plans. With academics and politicians discussing the possibility of a “European welfare state,” it has become crucial to examine the types of definitions the Union might use to create this supranational institution. Rogers Brubaker has opposed the French and German conceptions of citizenship, with German citizenship being transmitted almost exclusively by blood relation (jus sanguinis) and French citizenship being extended to those having proven residence in France (jus solis). Although the immigration reforms of 2003 have permitted second-generation Turkish immigrants in Germany to more easily achieve citizenship status, it remains that many German Turks are excluded from many of the benefits of citizenship. By contrast, France strives to remain the model of jus solis par excellence. Recently, these two countries have progressively begun to extend welfare state benefits to immigrants; movements on behalf of this type of measure have increased in prominence in France since the riots of 2005. This paper develops a mechanism to explain how national models of citizenship have recently granted or limited access to the welfare state; and, conversely, how access to the welfare state can serve to define the citizen. Using the data of the major public opinion surveys and interviews with immigrant communities as well as French and German nationals, it will attempt to construct a model of the public conception of citizenship as based on access to the welfare state. Most importantly, however, the results of these findings will be used to comment on the possibilities for the use of the welfare state as a tool of integration, both nationally and at the EU level.	[]
https://openalex.org/W2742452375	Social Housing, Urban Renewal and Shifting Meanings of ‘Welfare State’ in Turkey: A Study of the Karaplnar Renewal Project, Eskişehir	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Cansu Civelek", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5065516099" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Public housing", "id": "https://openalex.org/C533584247" }, { "display_name": "Legitimacy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C46295352" }, { "display_name": "Originality", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776950860" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Human settlement", "id": "https://openalex.org/C16678853" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Ideology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C158071213" }, { "display_name": "Value (mathematics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776291640" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Public administration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431" }, { "display_name": "Social science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C36289849" }, { "display_name": "Geography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Qualitative research", "id": "https://openalex.org/C190248442" }, { "display_name": "Archaeology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Machine learning", "id": "https://openalex.org/C119857082" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W1967097667", "https://openalex.org/W2000701811", "https://openalex.org/W2031597838", "https://openalex.org/W2046853614", "https://openalex.org/W2058932559", "https://openalex.org/W2070449354", "https://openalex.org/W2072125276", "https://openalex.org/W2076491981", "https://openalex.org/W2103712971", "https://openalex.org/W2161973154", "https://openalex.org/W2184298107", "https://openalex.org/W2493467246", "https://openalex.org/W3151945269", "https://openalex.org/W4247299883" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2742452375	Abstract Purpose The chapter aims to discuss the social housing history and urban renewal experiences in Turkey while pointing out similarities to and variegations from the urban policy trends in the global north in the postwar era. To carry out these discussions, the chapter focuses on the Karapinar Project in Eskisehir. Methodology/approach The chapter is built on an anthropological case study and a self-funded video documentary research that includes insights from local inhabitants, projects’ authorities, urban experts, and planners in order to show contesting claims and views about the renewal, new housing conditions, and economic consequences. Findings The Karapinar Renewal Project is a Mass Housing Administration (TOKI) project which claimed to be a ‘welfare oriented’, ‘renewal on-site’, ‘social housing project’ aiming to turn gecekondu – squatter settlements – into a healthy neighborhood. Yet, these claims fail to meet their promises and only appear to mask the actual rent-seeking motivations of the project. Social implications The chapter shows that large economic profits of the authorities create a significant contrast with economic burdens and dispossessions of the poor residents. The locals’ fears about the payments and concerns about changing living conditions are in sharp contradiction with the welfare claims of the state institutions. Originality/value The Karapinar Project uses the concepts of ‘social housing’ and ‘welfare state’ which are normally associated with policies of social democratic ideology. Yet, when looking into the reality, it becomes clear that the Karapinar Project shifted the meanings of these concepts and utilized them to create a space for legitimacy.	[ { "display_name": "Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463237", "type": "ebook platform" } ]
https://openalex.org/W3176746703	Stones versus Routines: Students and Politicians in Higher Education Tuition Policy *	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Didem Türkoğlu", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5034137010" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Retrenchment", "id": "https://openalex.org/C101173714" }, { "display_name": "Opposition (politics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780668109" }, { "display_name": "Political opportunity", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776693646" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Unintended consequences", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776889888" }, { "display_name": "Public relations", "id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134" }, { "display_name": "Public administration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Opportunity structures", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776873219" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Social movement", "id": "https://openalex.org/C123108692" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W19131002", "https://openalex.org/W1508342961", "https://openalex.org/W1553428999", "https://openalex.org/W1888023387", "https://openalex.org/W1967587989", "https://openalex.org/W1969527901", "https://openalex.org/W1988345431", "https://openalex.org/W1994349251", "https://openalex.org/W1996419070", "https://openalex.org/W1996745368", "https://openalex.org/W2000414958", "https://openalex.org/W2018208230", "https://openalex.org/W2048569019", "https://openalex.org/W2053886665", "https://openalex.org/W2087993871", "https://openalex.org/W2096125712", "https://openalex.org/W2108246057", "https://openalex.org/W2114946882", "https://openalex.org/W2117579968", "https://openalex.org/W2117667023", "https://openalex.org/W2121287585", "https://openalex.org/W2128033318", "https://openalex.org/W2133628733", "https://openalex.org/W2139844978", "https://openalex.org/W2140622227", "https://openalex.org/W2170383584", "https://openalex.org/W2197710234", "https://openalex.org/W2205721989", "https://openalex.org/W2282420386", "https://openalex.org/W2335874631", "https://openalex.org/W2341008267", "https://openalex.org/W2480545721", "https://openalex.org/W2500713775", "https://openalex.org/W2560001046", "https://openalex.org/W2593053134", "https://openalex.org/W2597330907", "https://openalex.org/W2604736713", "https://openalex.org/W2763112730", "https://openalex.org/W2769563773", "https://openalex.org/W2926600307", "https://openalex.org/W2942563280", "https://openalex.org/W2962149550", "https://openalex.org/W2972994288", "https://openalex.org/W4246424720", "https://openalex.org/W4249049337" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3176746703	Welfare state retrenchment in advanced industrialized countries seeks to expand market-like logics in public services, based on the assumption that public services benefit from non-state initiative and competition. This logic gained a stronghold in policymaking, but its implementation nevertheless struggled to find acceptance. Public university tuition is one such case where policymakers aimed to increase investment in human capital through cost sharing. While students in some countries accept them as a necessary evil, opposition arises in others. Students in Germany and Turkey took to the streets in support of tuition-free higher education. Despite differences in their political contexts and the differential mediating role political culture plays, student mobilization reversed right-wing parties' policies. This article focuses on how opposition to tuition policies is covered by the news in both countries. Using a mixed-methods approach combining topic modeling with qualitative analysis, I show that student protests and tuition policy discussions are reported separately. In both countries, student protests involving confrontation were highlighted whereas reports on institutional actors dominated policy discussions. However, when movements pressure political parties to “own” an issue in their platform, party endorsement subsequently amplifies issue salience even if movement organizations and parties are not covered together by the media. This indicates an indirect effect of movements' collective action on news coverage. Political party endorsements mediate the amount of coverage movement issues receive. This finding provides insights into how opposition to welfare state retrenchment might navigate difficulties in closed media cultures that heavily favor institutional actors.	[ { "display_name": "Research in political sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4210178473", "type": "book series" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2081220779	Talking about Needs: Interpretive Contests as Political Conflicts in Welfare-State Societies	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Nancy Fraser", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5070027594" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Environmental ethics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C95124753" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2081220779	Previous articleNext article No AccessSymposium on Feminism and Political TheoryTalking about Needs: Interpretive Contests as Political Conflicts in Welfare-State SocietiesNancy FraserNancy Fraser Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Ethics Volume 99, Number 2Jan., 1989 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/293067 Views: 119Total views on this site Citations: 112Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1989 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Trish Hill Understanding unmet aged care need and care inequalities among older Australians, Ageing and Society 42, no.1111 (Mar 2021): 2665–2694.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X21000222Asha Bhandary The theory of liberal dependency care: a reply to my critics, Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy 25, no.66 (May 2021): 843–857.https://doi.org/10.1080/13698230.2021.1922865Francesco Laruffa Toward a post‐neoliberal social citizenship?, Constellations 29, no.33 (Feb 2022): 375–392.https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8675.12599Carolyn Whitzman Rights Talk, Needs Talk and Money Talk in Affordable Housing Partnerships, Journal of Planning Education and Research 42, no.33 (Dec 2018): 305–313.https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456X18815964Tiina Vaittinen An Ethics of Needs: Deconstructing Neoliberal Biopolitics and Care Ethics with Derrida and Spivak, Philosophies 7, no.44 (Jun 2022): 73.https://doi.org/10.3390/philosophies7040073Asha Leena Bhandary Caring for Whom? 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Cooper `Well, you go there to get off': Visiting feminist care ethics through a women's bathhouse, Feminist Theory 8, no.33 (Dec 2007): 243–262.https://doi.org/10.1177/1464700107082364Guy Standing Social protection, Development in Practice 17, no.4-54-5 (Aug 2007): 511–522.https://doi.org/10.1080/09614520701469435 Introduction, (Jan 2007): 1–31.https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822389910-001 Moving Pictures, (Jan 2007): 32–65.https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822389910-002 Marching in Time, (Jan 2007): 66–104.https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822389910-003 Indian Darkness, (Jan 2007): 105–132.https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822389910-004 Cities of Hope, (Jan 2007): 133–156.https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822389910-005 Conclusion, (Jan 2007): 157–170.https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822389910-006 Notes, (Jan 2007): 171–218.https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822389910-007 Bibliography, (Jan 2007): 219–236.https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822389910-008Rodney Muth The Culture of Education Policy, Policy Sciences 39, no.33 (Sep 2006): 301–304.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11077-006-9017-4Albino Barrera Economic Compulsion and Christian Ethics, 10 (Sep 2009).https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511488313Natan Uriely The tourist experience, Annals of Tourism Research 32, no.11 (Jan 2005): 199–216.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2004.07.008Kelly Hannah-Moffat Criminogenic needs and the transformative risk subject, Punishment & Society 7, no.11 (Aug 2016): 29–51.https://doi.org/10.1177/1462474505048132Mick Carpenter Review of Guba & Lincoln (1989): Fourth Generation Evaluation & Everitt & Hardiker (1996): Evaluating for Good Practice & Pawson & Tilley (1997): Realistic Evaluation & Clarke (1999): Evaluation Research: An Introduction to Principles, Methods and Practice, Concepts and Transformation 9, no.33 (Nov 2004): 305–310.https://doi.org/10.1075/cat.9.3.07carLawrence A. 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https://openalex.org/W2010720182	Spain's Catch up with the EU Core: The Implausible Quest of a ‘Flying Pig’?	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Luis Moreno", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5007679893" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Christian ministry", "id": "https://openalex.org/C521751864" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "European union", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2910001868" }, { "display_name": "Socioeconomic status", "id": "https://openalex.org/C147077947" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Order (exchange)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C182306322" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Economic history", "id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Economic policy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Demography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435" }, { "display_name": "Population", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359" }, { "display_name": "Finance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W189447349", "https://openalex.org/W1017047357", "https://openalex.org/W1561268290", "https://openalex.org/W1574986962", "https://openalex.org/W1607285577", "https://openalex.org/W1900462870", "https://openalex.org/W1910233723", "https://openalex.org/W1969676189", "https://openalex.org/W2002514978", "https://openalex.org/W2026249846", "https://openalex.org/W2037929435", "https://openalex.org/W2039691358", "https://openalex.org/W2044662522", "https://openalex.org/W2091007525", "https://openalex.org/W2097780461", "https://openalex.org/W2140930388", "https://openalex.org/W2146016148", "https://openalex.org/W2187017246", "https://openalex.org/W2332267157", "https://openalex.org/W2480661975", "https://openalex.org/W2496972435", "https://openalex.org/W2497658014", "https://openalex.org/W4206228369", "https://openalex.org/W4229738978", "https://openalex.org/W4238237502", "https://openalex.org/W4319588032" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2010720182	Abstract In contemporary times, Spain offers a good example of a very compressed transition to post-industrial socioeconomic structures, passing from peripheral to core status within the European Union (EU) and the international economic order. The present article reviews developments and outcomes in Spain since 2000 by paying attention to the impact of the EU on Spain's welfare political economy. The adoption of EU recommendations in labour activation policies and the increase in female participation in the formal labour market are singled out as highly relevant for policy change. The explanatory account of welfare development focuses on continuity and change by considering the analytical constellation of ideas, interests and institutions. Keywords: Economic Catch-upEuropeanisationLabour ActivationSocial Policy ChangeWelfare Reform Acknowledgments The author is grateful to comments on an earlier version of this paper made by participants at the international workshop held at the Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir during 14–16 October 2010. I am also grateful to comments and data provided by José Adelantado, Ana Arriba, Eloísa del Pino, María Gómez-Garrido, Antonio González-Temprano, Ana Marta Guillén, Pau Marí-Klose, Francisco Javier Moreno-Fuentes, Olga Salido, Amparo Serrano-Pascual and Gregorio Rodríguez-Cabrero. Responsibility for interpretations remains solely with the author. This article was prepared during the workings of the research projects ‘Welfare Attitudes in a Changing Europe’ (European Science Foundation Eurocores/HumVib and MICIIN, CSO2008-02874-E/SOCI) and ‘New Social Risks, Economic Crisis, and Mediterranean Welfare’ (Spanish Ministry of Education, Mobility Programme, PR2010-0095). Notes [1] According to Eurobarometer figures, in autumn 2009 (no. 72) three out of every four Spaniards felt optimistic about the future of the EU compared with an average of two out of every three Europeans in EU-27. Among the six most populous countries in EU-27, Spain was the most ‘optimistic’ with 75 per cent, followed by Poland (74 per cent), Italy (69 per cent), Germany (68 per cent), France (58 per cent) and the UK (50 per cent). For the perception of the EU by political and economic elites in Spain, see Jerez-Mir, Real Dato and Vázquez-García (Citation2010). [2] This famous sentence was articulated by the Spanish philosopher Miguel de Unamuno in a longstanding dispute with his colleague, José Ortega y Gasset, on the issue of the ‘Europeanisation of Spain’ (or the Hispanisation of Europe). European ‘practicality’ was to be confronted with Spanish ‘spirituality’. Later, this expression has often been used to criticise the lack of scientific interest in Spain. [3] Using data on France and Italy, it has been contended that there is no such consistent distinction between Continental and Mediterranean market economies (Geffen & Kenyon Citation2006). For much of their political economic arrangements, France and Italy could well qualify as Continental European countries of a ‘genuine’ Bismarckian type. This could apply, at least partially, to other Southern European countries. However, the degree of internal variation within the PIGS countries does not reach that within the group of Continental European countries. Other studies grouping all four Southern European countries clearly confirm that Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain cluster robustly in a distinctive group (Vasconcelos-Ferreira & Figueiredo Citation2005). [4] According to a traditional Scottish proverb (first written in 1586), if ‘pigs fly in the air with their tails forward, flying backwards would seem a small extra feat’. [5] A more comprehensive picture of the general level of indebtedness must also take into account private borrowing. It comes as no surprise that countries such as Spain, with a total external debt of around 140 per cent, are expected to face hard times during the 2010s along the lines of other core European countries. At the end of 2010, the figures of total indebtedness (as a percentage of GDP) were of a similar range, if not higher, in France (130 per cent), Germany (135 per cent), Italy (155 per cent) and the UK (170 per cent). [6] This is shown in the higher equalisation of Spanish pension payments (Sarasa Citation2007). [7] If there is analytical agreement to include Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain in a Southern European typology (Giner Citation1986; Gunther, Diamandouros & Puhle Citation1995; Malefakis Citation1992; Morlino Citation1998), the boundary limits of the Mediterranean mode of social protection remain a debatable issue (Ferrera Citation1997). Questions in this respect relate, for instance, to whether France should be included as a Mediterranean welfare country, or whether new (Cyprus, Malta, Slovenia) or prospective (Croatia, Turkey) EU member states share analogous welfare characteristics with countries located to the west of the Mediterranean Sea. [8] The percentage of women that have higher tertiary education went from 12.6 per cent in 1985 to 22.7 per cent and 31 per cent in 1995 and 2005, respectively. [9] In 2000, just eight per cent of Spanish working couples with children had the woman working part-time, compared with 53 per cent in the Netherlands, 40 per cent in the UK and 33 per cent in Germany (Moreno Citation2004). [10] Cohorts of women, now aged between 40 and 64, who could only undertake demanding professional activities in the labour market if they were prepared to combine them with traditional unpaid caring work in households typify Spanish ‘superwomen’ across all Spanish social groups, classes and geographical areas (Moreno Citation2004). [11] According to data produced by the Spanish National Statistics Institute, some 80 per cent of all jobless residents in Spain had some kind of income support in 2010, although this figure did not take into account first-time jobseekers and those not registered as unemployed. [12] An instance of this financial concern was the cancellation of the ‘baby cheque’ benefit (cheque bebé), which had been introduced as an electoral promise by the PSOE government in July 2007. Mothers were granted €2,500 for birth or adoption. The programme was phased out at the end of 2010.	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https://openalex.org/W2269876496	A Comparing Analysis of Gender Equality in Scandinavian States and Turkey	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Ã–zlem Altunsu SÃ¶nmez", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5031725113" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Alper SÃ¶nmez", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5050096352" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Gender equality", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2992299759" }, { "display_name": "Turkish", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2781121862" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Democracy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C555826173" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Order (exchange)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C182306322" }, { "display_name": "Gender gap", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2986619947" }, { "display_name": "Demographic economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254" }, { "display_name": "Gender studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/C107993555" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Linguistics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" }, { "display_name": "Finance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2269876496	This paper examines the gender equality in four Scandinavian social democratic welfare states (Norway, Finland, Denmark, and Sweden) and Turkey by using a brief literature survey. Comparing gender equality between Scandinavian countries and Turkey is chosen because of distinct feature of gender egalitarian policies of former countries. There are a number of studies about gender equality in the literature, however the literature comparing of Turkey and Scandinavian has not been encountered, and therefore this paper aims to fill a gap in this area. For this aim, we compare Turkey with these countries in order to indicate Turkish case about gender equality. This paper is constituted from three main parts. The first one is about gender and welfare state theories, the second one is about the policies of Scandinavian countries and the third one is about Turkey.	[ { "display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2586833362	A Comparing Analysis of Gender Equality in Scandinavian States and Turkey	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Özlem Altunsu Sönmez", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5029985567" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Alper Sönmez", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5067613039" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Gender equality", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2992299759" }, { "display_name": "Turkish", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2781121862" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Democracy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C555826173" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Gender gap", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2986619947" }, { "display_name": "Order (exchange)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C182306322" }, { "display_name": "Demographic economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Gender studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/C107993555" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Linguistics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" }, { "display_name": "Finance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2586833362	This paper examines the gender equality in four Scandinavian social democratic welfare states (Norway, Finland, Denmark, and Sweden) and Turkey by using a brief literature survey. Comparing gender equality between Scandinavian countries and Turkey is chosen because of distinct feature of gender egalitarian policies of former countries. There are a number of studies about gender equality in the literature, however the literature comparing of Turkey and Scandinavian has not been encountered, and therefore this paper aims to fill a gap in this area. For this aim, we compare Turkey with these countries in order to indicate Turkish case about gender equality. This paper is constituted from three main parts. The first one is about gender and welfare state theories, the second one is about the policies of Scandinavian countries and the third one is about Turkey.	[ { "display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W4388382777	Introduction	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "M. Hakan Yavuz", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5039697333" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Prime minister", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2993486354" }, { "display_name": "Parliament", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2781440851" }, { "display_name": "Identity (music)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778355321" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Turkish", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2781121862" }, { "display_name": "Islam", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4445939" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Government (linguistics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" }, { "display_name": "Theology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212" }, { "display_name": "Linguistics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202" }, { "display_name": "Aesthetics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C107038049" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4388382777	Abstract On June 28, 1996, for the first time since the formation of the Turkish Republic in 1923, Turkey’s prime minister was a leader whose avowed political philosophy and personal identity was based on Islam. By winning 2r.3 percent of the total vote, along with 158 seats in the 550-seat Parliament, the Welfare Party (RP: Refah Partisi), after intensive maneuvering, was able to form a coalition government with the True Path Party (DYP: Doĝru Yol Partisi) of Tansu Çiller This coalition between the pro-Islamic prime minister Necmettin Erbakan and the Europhile-secularist Çiller aptly reflected the dualistic tensions inherent in contemporary Turkish identity and held promise for the dawn of a new era in state-society interactions in Turkey. However, this promising start at reconciling the deep social fissures introduced by the radical secular reforms of Mustafa Kemal and his followers was derailed abruptly by the militarybureaucratic establishment’s “soft coup” of February 28, 1997.	[]
https://openalex.org/W3045612253	The Politics of Welfare in Turkey	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Turkey", "display_name": "Koç University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I1351752", "lat": 41.01384, "long": 28.94966, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Erdem Yörük", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5080592381" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Proletariat", "id": "https://openalex.org/C15553842" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Neoliberalism (international relations)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C118589477" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Economic system", "id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3045612253	This chapter examines the political dynamics that have shaped the transformation of the Turkish welfare system since the 1960s. Over the years, income-based social assistance policies have supplanted employment-based social security policies, while the welfare state has significantly expanded. To explain why and how the Turkish welfare state has expanded during neoliberalism and why social policies have shifted from social security to social assistance, the chapter focuses on the rivalries between mainstream parties and the impact of grassroots politics, as well as the political mechanisms that mediate and transform structural pressures into policies. The chapter illustrates that political efforts to contain the political radicalization of the informal proletariat and to mobilize its electoral support have driven the expansion of social assistance policies during the post-1980 neoliberal period. State authorities now see the informal proletariat as a more significant political threat and source of support than the formal proletariat whose dynamism drove the expansion of the welfare state during the pre-1980 developmentalist period. The chapter provides a historical analysis of the interaction between parliamentary processes and social movements in order to account for the transformation of welfare provision in Turkey. It concludes by locating Turkey in a larger context, in which other emerging markets develop similar welfare states as a response to similar political exigencies.	[]
https://openalex.org/W2146868611	Rethinking Islam and Liberal Democracy: Islamist Women in Turkish Politics	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United States", "display_name": "University of Illinois at Chicago", "id": "https://openalex.org/I39422238", "lat": 41.85003, "long": -87.65005, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Frank Tachau", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5004292736" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Democracy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C555826173" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Islam", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4445939" }, { "display_name": "Victory", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779220109" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Turkish", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2781121862" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Theology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" }, { "display_name": "Linguistics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2146868611	Rethinking Islam and Liberal Democracy: Islamist Women in Turkish Politics. By Yesim Arat. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2005. 150p. $55.00.Since the advent of competitive politics in Turkey in 1946, Islamist parties have assumed increasing importance. During the 1970s, the National Salvation Party, headed by Necmettin Erbakan, was a participant in a series of coalition governments. The Welfare Party, also led by Erbakan, came in first (barely) in the 1995 election, catapulting its temperamental leader into the position of prime minister. In 2002, the Justice and Development Party (JDP) won an overwhelming electoral victory, capturing two-thirds of the parliamentary seats. Although the JDP denies that it is an Islamist party, its leader, the current prime minister, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, has been a leading Islamist politician, including especially his stormy career as mayor of Istanbul, and both its supporters and opponents regard it as such today. The result of this dramatic rise of Islamist political forces in the formally and solidly secular Republic of Turkey has aroused a great deal of controversy. Not least of the questions raised is the popular conundrum of the compatibility of Islam and democracy.	[ { "display_name": "Perspectives on Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/S173657377", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W3187254214	Financing the welfare state system in Turkey	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Kerem Cantekin", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5002900564" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Adem Yavuz Elveren", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5057702769" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Ceyhun Elgin", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5024368811" } ]	[ { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Business", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3187254214	Turkey in essence still holds on to what is, to a relatively large extent, a Bismarckian welfare state system, despite major neoliberal changes, especially in the areas of health care and education, since the early 1980s. The Turkish welfare state system is still marked by a fragmented administrative structure and highly diverse benefit conditions and levels thereof, while partial structural adjustments have been made in the meanwhile. In Turkey, the social security system reveals a slight neoliberal touch, in as much as it denies able-bodied, working-age persons access to social assistance benefits. Hence, this system is highly work-oriented—one could say more ‘productivist'-oriented. As a result, much more than in other parts of the Mediterranean, as well as much more than in e.g. East Asia (where social assistance is on the social security menu, from Japan all the way down to Singapore), people in Turkey have to rely on their families in times of economic hardship. With regard to welfare state system financing, Turkey is a true hot potato. Owing to the high benefits for civil servants and the extremely low retirement age in general, particularly for women, but also very much so for men, the social security system is (still) set to endanger the public financial situation for many years to come. In the meanwhile, the new individual pension system of 2003 was designed to offer new, contribution-based individual pension plans on a compulsory basis. This system was phased in slowly by the year 2019, from covering large employers only to now also covering small employers; it now covers most of the population under 45 years of age. This mandatory individual pension system will help alleviate the overall pressure on welfare state finances to the full extent, starting only about two decades from now.	[ { "display_name": "Routledge eBooks", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463855", "type": "ebook platform" } ]
https://openalex.org/W3024417646	Turkey’s Quest for Strengthening its Democratic and Social Model Amidst Difficult Neighbours of the Cold War Years	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Levent Kırval", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5084338408" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Solidarity", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780641677" }, { "display_name": "Democracy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C555826173" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Authoritarianism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C68346564" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Pace", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777526511" }, { "display_name": "Modernization theory", "id": "https://openalex.org/C53844881" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Geography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164" }, { "display_name": "Geodesy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C13280743" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3024417646	Turkey has been trying to increase its democratic and social standards for quite a long time. In this endeavour, the gradually constructed fight in the society between secular republicanism and conservative communitarianism slowed down the country’s pace. This paper argues that this division in the society has been mostly a consequence of the country’s positioning at the battlefront during the Cold War years. As a result, Turkey has evolved towards a unique modernisation example, where the “civilianisation” of the excessively institutionalized modernist state structures (generally leaning towards authoritarianism) and the “institutionalisation” of the existent Oriental- Mediterranean-Religious societal solidarity through the rule of law and welfare state policies, have remained greatly limited. This constructed division in the Turkish society between the modernists and the traditionalists, the country’s surrounding neighbours’ highly volatile political and economic situation, and the country’s positioning in the borderline of the global bi-polar politics of the Cold War years, kept Turkey as a highly security oriented state. Additionally, the lacking/fluctuating European support (particularly, Europe’s highly hesitant steps with regards to Turkey’s integration with the EU) has also played a key role in the limited democratic and social transformation of the country. In this context, this paper will analyse the reasons of the democratic and social welfare deficit in the country by mainly focusing on the impact of the Cold-War years on its model and the ‘high politics’ manoeuvres of its neighbours (influenced either from the USA and the USSR) during that period.	[ { "display_name": "İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4387289241", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2137925897	Enchanted welfare : Islamic imaginary and giving to strangers in Turkey	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Hilal Zeybek", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5006728431" } ]	[ { "display_name": "The Imaginary", "id": "https://openalex.org/C135068731" }, { "display_name": "Islam", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4445939" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Citizenship", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780781376" }, { "display_name": "Redistribution (election)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C74080474" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Ethnography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C179454799" }, { "display_name": "Waqf", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777344480" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Law and economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C190253527" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Geography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Anthropology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C19165224" }, { "display_name": "Psychology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967" }, { "display_name": "Archaeology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645" }, { "display_name": "Psychotherapist", "id": "https://openalex.org/C542102704" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2137925897	This study explores welfare provision by non-states in contemporary Turkey. It analyses the phenomenon neither as an extension of the redistributive functions of the state nor as part of market mechanisms but through the theoretical lens of gift-giving. It argues that contractual relations of the market or the anonymity of redistribution fall short of acknowledging the personal, asymmetrical and religious formation of this field. The welfare regime in Turkey is currently undergoing radical transformation, with provisions increasingly expressed within a gift-giving vocabulary. Waqf, the Islamic institution of endowment, plays an important role in this transformation. It provides both the institutional frame of operation and the imaginary signification that interpellates subjects to take part in these operations. Historically, waqf has been the main welfare provider in Muslim societies and has provided a legitimate source of social citizenship. Though its various features, it has shaped the enactments of citizenship throughout a vast geography. This research is also an endeavour to see how these historical features inform the present landscape of welfare provision in Turkey. The research is built upon an extensive ethnography conducted in a central Anatolian city, with a booming industry and an Islamic outlook. The particular focus of this research, given its anthropological methodology, is the daily practices of various field actors. Instantiations of gift-giving characterize the majority of these practices-things, services, prayers, and recognition changing hands. Starting with this observation, the dissertation approaches gift-giving as a prominent mechanism in the field of welfare provision in Turkey. The significance of this paradigm is discussed vis-a-vis dominant political economic discourses, and the ethical and political potentials it brings forth are illustrated. This study is an invitation to have a fuller grasp of welfare provision as a hybrid field of social, political and ethical norms, behaviour and institutions.	[]
https://openalex.org/W4211146712	Understanding the moral economy of state-civil society relationships: Islam, women’s NGOs and rights-based advocacy in Turkey	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Turkey", "display_name": "Koç University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I1351752", "lat": 41.01384, "long": 28.94966, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Nazlı Kazanoğlu", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5062011387" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United Kingdom", "display_name": "University of Edinburgh", "id": "https://openalex.org/I98677209", "lat": 55.95206, "long": -3.19648, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Markus Ketola", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5015406303" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Civil society", "id": "https://openalex.org/C513891491" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Islam", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4445939" }, { "display_name": "Turkish", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2781121862" }, { "display_name": "Economic Justice", "id": "https://openalex.org/C139621336" }, { "display_name": "Faith", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778692574" }, { "display_name": "Government (linguistics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Public administration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" }, { "display_name": "Theology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Linguistics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W774581346", "https://openalex.org/W1517812924", "https://openalex.org/W1540504975", "https://openalex.org/W1552348510", "https://openalex.org/W1982318363", "https://openalex.org/W2022009638", "https://openalex.org/W2025141085", "https://openalex.org/W2051335767", "https://openalex.org/W2058932559", "https://openalex.org/W2067989547", "https://openalex.org/W2120449929", "https://openalex.org/W2149897917", "https://openalex.org/W2153283232", "https://openalex.org/W2158440326", "https://openalex.org/W2283171687", "https://openalex.org/W2476971527", "https://openalex.org/W2495639432", "https://openalex.org/W2552218457", "https://openalex.org/W2553022719", "https://openalex.org/W2606762470", "https://openalex.org/W2748663794", "https://openalex.org/W2797152592", "https://openalex.org/W2804702377", "https://openalex.org/W2809425423", "https://openalex.org/W2892765569", "https://openalex.org/W2904122091", "https://openalex.org/W2974787732", "https://openalex.org/W3007924921", "https://openalex.org/W3136405546", "https://openalex.org/W4230531209", "https://openalex.org/W4234612513", "https://openalex.org/W4239925142", "https://openalex.org/W4243875925", "https://openalex.org/W4249123344" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4211146712	The implementation of neoliberal welfare frameworks since the ascendancy of the Justice and Development Party in 2002 has led to a fundamental reorientation of the state-civil society relationship, where non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have been given wide-reaching roles in the delivery of welfare. In the field of family policy, the NGOs benefitting from such policies are largely faith-based organizations with close relationships with the AKP government. Based on interviews with Turkish women’s NGOs (WNGOs), this article studies the intersections of gender, family, civil society, and the state to shed light on the development of contemporary welfare policy in Turkey.	[ { "display_name": "Turkish Studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/S77485876", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W4310033138	Re-Constructing the Meaning of Aid through the Politicisation of Communities in a Welfare State: The Psychological Responses to the Governmental Aid Plans against Covid-19 in Turkey	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Sümeyra Bengisu Akkurt", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5074360070" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Ahmet Çoymak", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5073256489" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Yasin Koç", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5075323962" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Meaning (existential)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780876879" }, { "display_name": "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C3008058167" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Public economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100001284" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Economic growth", "id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Psychology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967" }, { "display_name": "Medicine", "id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Psychotherapist", "id": "https://openalex.org/C542102704" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Disease", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260" }, { "display_name": "Pathology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271" }, { "display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4310033138	Just seven years after all nations signed an agenda in Rio de Janeiro to unite against the world's environmental, political, and economic challenges, a sudden worldwide pandemic – Covid-19 – showed that the unity of nations is far from the ideal. Many countries have failed to cooperate with other nations and fallen short in developing effective policies to assist their citizens from the pandemic's detrimental effects. This was especially surprising in welfare states where citizens expect sustainable governmental support. For instance, in Turkey, although the central government had the capacity to respond more effectively to the pandemic, it failed in many ways. Hence, citizens and local communities had to band together to combat the detrimental effects of Covid-19 and demonstrated outstanding examples of collaboration and solidarity. Uniquely in Turkey, this massive public response has taken shape in the metropolitan municipalities, run by an opposition political party. This chapter explains how Covid-19 aid in Turkey has become a site of competition between the central government and the metropolitan municipalities, and how, through this aid, communities have responded and re-constructed the meaning of aid.	[ { "display_name": "Routledge eBooks", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463855", "type": "ebook platform" } ]
https://openalex.org/W25096155	SWEDEN AND TURKEY: TWO MODELS OF WELFARE STATE IN EUROPE	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Andreea Drăgoi", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5025078064" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Simona Moagăr Poladian", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5060268788" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Unemployment", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778126366" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Globalization", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2119116" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Public economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100001284" }, { "display_name": "Economic system", "id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "Economic growth", "id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W1505832456", "https://openalex.org/W2109211222", "https://openalex.org/W2119101157" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W25096155	Introduction - concept of welfare stateAs stated in literature in field (Pierson, Castle, 2010), current challenges of new contemporary economies (globalization, European integration, demographic and political changes) have made necessary reconsidering of welfare paradigm.Some analysts (Daly and Lewis, 2000) argue that concept of welfare involves three fundamental dimensions: a strong economic growth, a powerful social security system and a better life quality for citizens of in cause.Others (Briggs, 2006) considers that a welfare is a in which organized power is deliberately used (through politics and administration) in order to modify play of market forces on three directions: first, by guaranteeing individuals and families a minimum income, irrespective of market value of their work and property, secondly, by narrowing extent of insecurity by enabling individuals and families to meet certain social contingencies (for example sickness, old age benefit and unemployment) which lead, otherwise, to individual and family crises, and thirdly by ensuring that all citizens, without distinction of status or class, are offered best standards available in relation to a certain agreed range of social services.1. Why choosing Sweden and Turkey for our comparative analysis?In some theoretical approaches (Baar, 1993) on concept of welfare it is argued that concept itself defies precise definition, but it is our opinion that we cannot talk about genuine welfare in absence of strong economic growth. As a consequence, both states (Sweden and Turkey) have at least minimum premises to provide welfare for their citizens, because they both have managed to maintain a good economic development before, and even after international economic crisis.Although there are clear distinctions between those states in terms of geo-economics, as some analysts have observed (OECD, 2013), economic performance proved by those two states in last years is undeniable.Sweden - a small, but prosperous Nordic stateSweden had maintained neutrality in Second World War and this option had permitted to accumulate wealth and to avoid huge losses other European countries had recorded.Presently, middle class represents approximately 79 % from total population, being one of highest proportions on world. In 2012 Sweden was on 10th position on GDP/inhabitant in comparison to 3ld place at end of 70's.Sweden is among first eight European states with highest income tax rates in world and first among Scandinavian region that has an average level of 48%. The highest income tax rate of 56.6% is recorded in Sweden, in order to cover substantial social costs like free education, a large part of healthcare and public transport.Sweden's welfare expenditures amount to 37.9% of GDP, including education, in accordance to OECD statistics in 2012.Turkey -Rising of a geo-political powerMore than half a century, Turkey was the only democratic and secular muslim state and an eastern outpost of West. Currently, we consider that, economically, Turkey has potential to become a new development performer (like China) of Middle East region and has political potential to emerge as a pan-Islamic Commonwealth. Presently, Turkey is no longer defined as a border state, a country at periphery of EU, but rather as a central country, with a pivotal political power that may afford it to disagree with West when its national interest requires3.Currently, Turkey is in top 20 economies in world and has a geographical position that enables to control a significant part of flow of energy resources from Central Asia to Western Europe, both through existing pipelines to transport oil and natural gas and by those projected to be constructed. …	[ { "display_name": "Global Economic Observer", "id": "https://openalex.org/S2736767098", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W4283369885	The Net Social Wage in Turkey, 1980–2019	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Turkey", "display_name": "Akdeniz University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I197907453", "lat": 36.90812, "long": 30.69556, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Yakup Karabacak", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5006834443" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United States", "display_name": "University of Massachusetts Amherst", "id": "https://openalex.org/I24603500", "lat": 42.37537, "long": -72.51925, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "E. Ahmet Tonak", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5049404014" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Wage", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777388388" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Surplus value", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2781211949" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Power (physics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C163258240" }, { "display_name": "Distribution (mathematics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C110121322" }, { "display_name": "Islam", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4445939" }, { "display_name": "Safety net", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778216598" }, { "display_name": "Mythology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C519517224" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Value (mathematics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776291640" }, { "display_name": "Capital (architecture)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C83646750" }, { "display_name": "Income distribution", "id": "https://openalex.org/C519300510" }, { "display_name": "Labour economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C145236788" }, { "display_name": "Real wages", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777885895" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "Capitalism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C514928085" }, { "display_name": "Inequality", "id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" }, { "display_name": "Mathematics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "History", "id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728" }, { "display_name": "Mathematical analysis", "id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372" }, { "display_name": "Theology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212" }, { "display_name": "Archaeology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Quantum mechanics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636" }, { "display_name": "Machine learning", "id": "https://openalex.org/C119857082" }, { "display_name": "Physics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W260525095", "https://openalex.org/W312739223", "https://openalex.org/W1972154841", "https://openalex.org/W1994534614", "https://openalex.org/W1998909362", "https://openalex.org/W2043299122", "https://openalex.org/W2057587714", "https://openalex.org/W2087975493", "https://openalex.org/W2089376648", "https://openalex.org/W2123737365", "https://openalex.org/W2133430393", "https://openalex.org/W2148207129", "https://openalex.org/W2270308406", "https://openalex.org/W2620201613", "https://openalex.org/W2791334006", "https://openalex.org/W2967968346", "https://openalex.org/W4248638212" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4283369885	This essay conceptualizes the capitalist state’s taxation and expenditure activities in Marx’s circuit of capital. It also empirically shows how the net social wage has evolved in Turkey in the period 1980–2019 and in what direction it has influenced the rate of surplus value. The essay’s empirical findings demonstrate the utter failure of the pseudo-welfare state of Turkey to ameliorate income distribution. Hence, the article contributes to demolishing the myth that the Islamist party AKP, in power since 2003, is pro-poor and pro-labor, and that its fiscal policies have been consistent with its glorified Islamic values and its self-ascribed image of an antipoverty stance. JEL Classification: H2, H5, I30	[ { "display_name": "Review of Radical Political Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/S201928713", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W1533160260	REFAH REJİMLERİ VE SAĞLIK SİSTEMLERİ	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Turkey", "display_name": "Anadolu University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I133743585", "lat": 39.77667, "long": 30.52056, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Emre Kol", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5056536135" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Inclusion (mineral)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C109359841" }, { "display_name": "Welfare capitalism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C196013401" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Social science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C36289849" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1533160260	In modern concept the fundamentals of welfare state rest upon the regulation of the legal arrangement done in England in the mid-19th century to provide basic education. One of the starting points of the modern welfare state being recognized is when Bismarck introduced the implementation of social security in the year 1883 for the first time. Studies that classify welfare regimes indicate that Turkey has characteristics similar to those of the group of Southern European welfare regimes. However, in recent years, profound transformations are taking place in the welfare regimes of both Southern Europe and Turkey. This study addresses the question of whether Turkey’s welfare regime converges with or diverges from Southern European welfare regime as a result of these transformations. Turkey’s welfare regime is addressed with respect to the Southern European one, although Turkey’s healthcare system has significant differences from those of Southern European countries. In this study, the reasons of Turkey’s inclusion in the same welfare category as Southern European countries despite these differences are also explored	[ { "display_name": "Global Journal of Economics and Business Studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306511552", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2895205904	Syrians finding hope in Germany and the Netherlands; an in-depth comparative account of life histories and personal encounters with northern European welfare states.	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "South Korea", "display_name": "Korean Association of Middle Eastern Studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/I4210098310", "lat": 37.597336, "long": 127.057846, "type": "other" } ], "display_name": "Josepha Wessels", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5077388355" } ]	[ { "display_name": "German", "id": "https://openalex.org/C154775046" }, { "display_name": "Ethnography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C179454799" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Refugee", "id": "https://openalex.org/C173145845" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "History", "id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728" }, { "display_name": "Ethnology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2549261" }, { "display_name": "Economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Anthropology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C19165224" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Archaeology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" } ]	[ "Turkey", "Syria" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2895205904	Based on fieldwork in Syria, Turkey, Germany and the Netherlands and a unique personal 20-year old ethnographic film archive, this paper traces life histories of Syrian refugees and documents their experiences encountering people, institutions and customs of German and Dutch welfare states.	[]
https://openalex.org/W4224272681	No home for poor men: a comparative study of household debt and homeownership in Denmark and Turkey	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Sweden", "display_name": "Lund University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I187531555", "lat": 55.70584, "long": 13.19321, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Süheyla Türk", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5064106427" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United Kingdom", "display_name": "Durham University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I190082696", "lat": 54.76518, "long": -1.578224, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Burag Gurden", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5074980775" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Financialization", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780837152" }, { "display_name": "Real estate", "id": "https://openalex.org/C82279013" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Household debt", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776562857" }, { "display_name": "Inequality", "id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Asset (computer security)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C76178495" }, { "display_name": "Debt", "id": "https://openalex.org/C120527767" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Labour economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C145236788" }, { "display_name": "Demographic economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "Finance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Mathematical analysis", "id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372" }, { "display_name": "Mathematics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547" }, { "display_name": "Computer security", "id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W87148135", "https://openalex.org/W154564913", "https://openalex.org/W384230498", "https://openalex.org/W1530536718", "https://openalex.org/W1873872198", "https://openalex.org/W1909740666", "https://openalex.org/W1931612954", "https://openalex.org/W1937096304", "https://openalex.org/W2036671512", "https://openalex.org/W2048927207", "https://openalex.org/W2049823888", "https://openalex.org/W2053789380", "https://openalex.org/W2076879278", "https://openalex.org/W2118466900", "https://openalex.org/W2395239688", "https://openalex.org/W2408423743", "https://openalex.org/W2505610903", "https://openalex.org/W2511391028", "https://openalex.org/W2524633114", "https://openalex.org/W2592159515", "https://openalex.org/W2737507507", "https://openalex.org/W2767539263", "https://openalex.org/W2787389451", "https://openalex.org/W2900853614", "https://openalex.org/W2902742334", "https://openalex.org/W2905109229", "https://openalex.org/W2913218403", "https://openalex.org/W2916309255", "https://openalex.org/W2916943301", "https://openalex.org/W2934685497", "https://openalex.org/W2962463429", "https://openalex.org/W3125063672", "https://openalex.org/W3205301783", "https://openalex.org/W4235140284", "https://openalex.org/W4249993902" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4224272681	Homeownership rates have declined in several countries including Denmark and Turkey since 2010. A majority of the decline in homeownership has been observed among low income holders. This variation finding comparative case study compares similar patterns of neoliberal housing policies to examine wealth inequalities based on homeownership despite fundamental differences in housing markets and welfare state provision. The comparison of Denmark and Turkey reveals similar adoption of policies that support financialization as a strategy to recover from financial crises. This paper examines how states have supported financialization with policies that allowed deregulations in the housing market to create an enabling environment for construction and real estate-specific growth, and how neoliberal housing policies positioned homeownership, a wealth symbol, as the core tenet of asset-based welfare that increased wealth inequalities. The outcome of this paper shows that neoliberal housing policies have generated new forms of inequality between low and high-income earners to access housing in both countries in different ways to produce a similar outcome.	[ { "display_name": "Journal of Housing and the Built Environment", "id": "https://openalex.org/S24809831", "type": "journal" }, { "display_name": "PubMed Central", "id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111", "type": "repository" }, { "display_name": "Durham Research Online (Durham University)", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400188", "type": "repository" }, { "display_name": "Durham Research Online (Durham University)", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4377196258", "type": "repository" }, { "display_name": "PubMed", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W26660787	Pressures and transformations of the Turkish welfare regime	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Carlos Soto Iguarán", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5004818269" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Context (archaeology)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474" }, { "display_name": "Social insurance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779282124" }, { "display_name": "Scope (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778012447" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Labour economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C145236788" }, { "display_name": "Social protection", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777433830" }, { "display_name": "Flexibility (engineering)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780598303" }, { "display_name": "Wage", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777388388" }, { "display_name": "Turkish", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2781121862" }, { "display_name": "Business", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "Economic growth", "id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Paleontology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666" }, { "display_name": "Linguistics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" }, { "display_name": "Management", "id": "https://openalex.org/C187736073" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Biology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240" }, { "display_name": "Programming language", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W26660787	The state, the family and the market are the main pillars of welfare regimes that have different configurations from one country to another. In Turkey, these mechanisms are under increasing pressure today. The family seems unable to extend protection beyond the nuclear household. In addition to that, support to rural employment and urban housing, deployed through clientele networks, decline. Wage insurance, as a way of accessing the social protection system, is also challenged by the characteristics of the labour market. We argue that the structure of employment is increasingly incompatible with the existing welfare system framework, which is mainly centred on formal workers insurance. In this context, will the current pensions and health reforms lead to a better articulation between employment forms and the social protection system? The first part of the article analyzes the evolution of the labour market since the 1990s. Recent adjustments of this market take place in the context of structural changes in the regulation of labour relations and of the economic model. The second part of the article examines social protection reforms. We analyse first parametric adjustments in the case of pensions (retirement age, period of contribution and replacement rates), and secondly, measures adopted to ensure universal access to health care and services. We argue that other forms of insurance and/or assistance might be necessary to increase the scope and depth of coverage. The last section explore three possible transformations of the Turkish welfare regime: increased labour market flexibility, a more important role of private insurance and the scope of social assistance mechanisms.	[ { "display_name": "Argumentum", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4210203894", "type": "journal" }, { "display_name": "LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas)", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402641", "type": "repository" }, { "display_name": "Redalyc (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México)", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4377196100", "type": "repository" }, { "display_name": "Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja)", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401293", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2898918201	KevanHarris. A Social Revolution: Politics and the Welfare State in Iran2017OaklandUniversity of California Press ISBN‐10: 0520280822 336 pp. $85.00, £66.00 (hardback) $29.95, £24.00 (paperback)CihanTuğal. Caring for the Poor: Islamic and Christian Benevolence in a Liberal World2017New York and LondonRoutledge ISBN‐10: 1138041041 246 pp. £96.00 (hardback) £17.59 (paperback)	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United States", "display_name": "New York University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I57206974", "lat": 40.71427, "long": -74.00597, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Georgi Derluguian", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5059639864" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Developmentalism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779802117" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Islam", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4445939" }, { "display_name": "Power (physics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C163258240" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Economic history", "id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "History", "id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Physics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964" }, { "display_name": "Archaeology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Quantum mechanics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Turkey", "Islamic Republic of Iran", "Iran", "Egypt" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W2912536286", "https://openalex.org/W4232468091" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2898918201	Studying the varieties of welfare can offer surprising insights in the workings and tensions of Islamist social movements in such major countries as Iran, Egypt, and Turkey. Based on extensive fieldwork and (for Iran) the batteries of socio-economic data, the recent monographs of sociologists Kevan Harris and Cihan Tuğal offer a high-resolution yet panoramic overview. Harris re-positions the Iranian historical 'improvisation called Islamic Republic' as the 'warfare/welfare state' forged in the sacrificial defense against Saddam Hussein's onslaught in the 1980s. The Iranian 'welfare for martyrs' model itself built on the institutional remnants inherited from the earlier developmentalism of the shahs. The surprising resilience of ayatollahs' regime is then better explained by its accidental affinity to the communist guerrilla states in the world-system's semiperiphery like Cuba and Vietnam. By contrast, Tuğal sees the power of Islamist mobilizing in Egypt and Turkey in the historical failure of secular state modernizers, respectively Nasser and Atatürk, to meet the social and spiritual expectations of rural masses moving into the sprawling cities like Cairo and Istanbul. Following Gramsci and Bourdieu, Tuğal identifies a pregnant tension between the two Islamist models of welfare: neoliberal and religious egalitarian. This tension, not unlike the Christian social movements of interwar Europe, now amidst the post-2008 economic dislocations tends to strengthen the non-capitalist and egalitarian vector in the current global transformation.	[ { "display_name": "The British Journal of Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/S173252385", "type": "journal" }, { "display_name": "PubMed", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2999236964	Welfare State Responses and Social Workers’ Attitudes Towards Syrians in Turkey	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Turkey", "display_name": "Hacettepe University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I66514158", "lat": 39.91987, "long": 32.85427, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Reyhan Atasü‐Topçuoğlu", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5036383565" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Kinship", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144348335" }, { "display_name": "Citizenship", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780781376" }, { "display_name": "Refugee", "id": "https://openalex.org/C173145845" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Democracy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C555826173" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Gender studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/C107993555" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Turkey", "Syria" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2999236964	The interaction between people and welfare regimes depends on tricky political relationships that reflect ideas of citizenship, gender and kinship regimes, attitudes to work and the family as well as patriarchal or democratic approaches of states. Migration poses challenges in all these areas by introducing non-citizens as a group of people with lesser rights as consumers and workers with distinct gender-kinship regimes and new cultural and political attitudes. The case of Syrian migrant women fleeing war to Turkey is an interesting case study for seeing the relations between the welfare state and refugees.	[]
https://openalex.org/W4205779542	The Effect of Covid-19 on Healthcare Doctors in Turkey: The Case of Istanbul Chapa (Çapa) Hospital	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Mortaza Chaychi Semsari", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5027028862" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Türkiye", "display_name": "Uludağ University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I131835042", "lat": 40.19559, "long": 29.06013, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Kerim Karadal", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5071156241" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Health care", "id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Economic growth", "id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688" }, { "display_name": "Pandemic", "id": "https://openalex.org/C89623803" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Service (business)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780378061" }, { "display_name": "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C3008058167" }, { "display_name": "Business", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560" }, { "display_name": "Medicine", "id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Marketing", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370" }, { "display_name": "Disease", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Pathology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4205779542	After 1945, states began to be more effective on the economy. This situation showed itself under the name of Welfare State or Social State. However, neo-liberal policies were seen as a solution to the economic problems that started to be experienced from the beginning of the 1980s, and the Social State or Welfare State practices began to decline. Depending on the expansion of neo-liberal policies, states have withdrawn from many service areas in accordance with the free market understanding. One of these withdrawals is health services. Health services have been transformed into free market conditions through privatization, and the health service that citizens benefit from has been transformed into paid,On the other hand, in line with neo-liberal policies, principles such as performance, contract and productivity have been introduced to healthcare workers. Healthcare workers and especially doctors are at the forefront of the fight against Covid-19, which started in Wuhan, China and spread to the world. In order to eradicate the epidemic, doctors had to face the worsening working conditions (suspension of the rights to resign and ask for retirement, excessive patient care, etc.) while racing against time to save the patients. This situation brings with it many problems in working life for the doctors who are fighting the epidemic in Turkey as well as in the world. In this study, the effect of the covid-19 epidemic in Turkey on the pandemic service of Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty Chapa Hospital in the process leading to the liquidation of the social state was investigated.	[ { "display_name": "Prizren social science journal", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4210183638", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2741633666	A study on political economy of peripheral and advanced capitalism : a simultaneous transformation with different results in the post-1980 United States, United Kingdom and Turkey	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Kerem Ozan Kalkan", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5003173642" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Demise", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777720223" }, { "display_name": "Thatcherism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C1816448" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Kingdom", "id": "https://openalex.org/C13801280" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Economic history", "id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427" }, { "display_name": "Economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Mathematics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547" }, { "display_name": "Paleontology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Biology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W260525095", "https://openalex.org/W579997000", "https://openalex.org/W594781378", "https://openalex.org/W1491361239", "https://openalex.org/W1511434427", "https://openalex.org/W1990952850", "https://openalex.org/W2069177585", "https://openalex.org/W2323266160" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2741633666	iii OZET iv TABLE OF CONTENTS v LIST OF FIGURES vii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 3 2.1 Pre-Welfare State 3 2.2 Welfare State: Theory and Application 4 2.2.1 Theoretical Basis and the Performance of the Welfare State......4 2.2.2 The Demise of the Welfare State 8 2.3 Neo-Conservatives in Power: Theory 12 2.3.1 Neo-Conservative Economics 12 2.4 The Rise of Conservative Economics in the Developed Countries........14 2.4.1 The United States and the Reagan Administration 14 2.4.2 The United Kingdom and Thatcherism 21 CHAPTER 3: THE TRANSFORMATION OF POLITICAL ECONOMY IN TURKEY 26 3.	[]
https://openalex.org/W2463419962	Stedelijke armoede en etniciteit in de verzorgingsstaat; Amsterdam als voorbeeld	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "S. Musterd", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5006543736" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "W.J.M. Ostendorf", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5042672546" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Poverty", "id": "https://openalex.org/C189326681" }, { "display_name": "Immigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Redistribution (election)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C74080474" }, { "display_name": "Ethnic composition", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2994121768" }, { "display_name": "Geography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164" }, { "display_name": "Ethnic group", "id": "https://openalex.org/C137403100" }, { "display_name": "Distribution (mathematics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C110121322" }, { "display_name": "Demographic economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Income distribution", "id": "https://openalex.org/C519300510" }, { "display_name": "Welfare economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C549774020" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Economic growth", "id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688" }, { "display_name": "Inequality", "id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294" }, { "display_name": "Mathematical analysis", "id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372" }, { "display_name": "Mathematics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547" }, { "display_name": "Archaeology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" } ]	[ "Turkey", "Morocco" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W106072123", "https://openalex.org/W1975581540", "https://openalex.org/W2017196723", "https://openalex.org/W2165209447", "https://openalex.org/W2315652687", "https://openalex.org/W2904798609" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2463419962	Until recently the Dutch welfare state ensured conditions capable of reducing urban poverty, resulting in a clear redistribution of wealth in terms of income & housing. Social & spatial types of segregation were largely avoided; however, not enough attention was paid to social mobility issues. As a result, poverty among immigrant groups is likely to intensify. Here, examination of income distribution & neighborhood ethnic composition in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, reveals unfavorable developmental trends for immigrants from Turkey, Morocco, Surinam, the Netherlands Antilles, & Aruba. Although the income distribution statistics are more favorable for the Netherlands than for most other Western European nations, the current reorganization of the welfare state may aggravate the poverty situation. Approaches to counteract this trend are considered. 5 Tables, 1 Figure, 2 Maps, 25 References. Adapted from the source document.	[ { "display_name": "Sociologische Gids", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306530370", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2547960602	Kamu hizmeti ve bedel	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Onur Altuntaş", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5086248425" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Doctrine", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776211767" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Public service", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780110086" }, { "display_name": "Public administration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Law and economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C190253527" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2547960602	Turkiye’de kamu hizmetlerinin tanimlanmasinda ve kamu hizmetlerindenalinacak bedellerin hangi ilkelere tabi olacagina dair tartismalar uzunca zamandiryurutulmektedir. Bu calismada da, ilk olarak kamu hizmetlerinin farkli gorunumleriile doktrin ve ictihattaki anlasilislari irdelenmis, daha sonra klasik bir ilke olan“meccanilik ilkesi”nin gecerliligi incelemeye tabi tutulmustur. Bedel farklilastirmagibi idarenin farkli bedelleme uygulamalari da kavramsal cerceveyi tamamlamak icinincelenmistir. Kamu hizmetlerinin bedellenmesine uygulanacak hukuki rejiminkaynaklari ele alinmis, bu rejime tatbik edilecek anayasal ilkeler tespit edilmistir. Bukavramsal cerceveden hareketle kamu hizmetlerinden alinacak bedellere iliskindoktrinde yurutulen temel tartismalar ele alinmistir. Ozellikle kamu hizmetinden bedelalinip alinamayacagi, alinabilirse kâr edilip edilemeyecegi hususu incelenmis, sonucolarak anayasal sosyal devlet ilkesi ve kamu hizmetinin bedellenmesi arasinda yakinbir hukuki iliski oldugu savlanmistir.AbstractThere have been longwinded debates in Turkey on the issues suchlike thedefinition of public service and the principles to apply to their finances. Firstly, thedifferent perspectives of public services and different understandings in doctrine andjurisprudence thereon are examined in this work, alongside with the validity of theclassical “free-of-charge public service supply principle”. Practices suchlike crosssubsidizationare also included to fill in the theoretical framework. The sources of thelegal regime in force on the issue of charging for public services are also examinedand the constitutional principles to apply are determined. On this theoreticalfoundation, the primary debates in the Turkish doctrine regarding the issue areaddressed. It is principally questioned whether it is possible to charge for publicservices, alongside with issue of the possibility to gain profit from public services. Inconclusion, it is argued that there is a close relation between the welfare state conceptand the financing model of charging for public services.	[]
https://openalex.org/W2765084321	The consolidation of a semi-formal welfare regime in Turkey	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Nihan Toprakkiran", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5019560697" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Institutionalisation", "id": "https://openalex.org/C164429055" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Mainstream", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777617010" }, { "display_name": "Population", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359" }, { "display_name": "Consolidation (business)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776014549" }, { "display_name": "Social policy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C19159745" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Demography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435" }, { "display_name": "Accounting", "id": "https://openalex.org/C121955636" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2765084321	Welfare reform in middle income countries, where formal institutions conventionally have an exclusionary character and informal institutions are central to social welfare, has been marked by a drastic rise of means-tested social assistance schemes. This dissertation analyses, with an empirical focus on Turkey, the potential of these schemes to expand social rights by creating new formal entitlements for previously excluded groups. The number and the scope of social assistance schemes in Turkey have shown a remarkable increase, especially after the 2001 economic crisis, accompanied by significant institutionalisation. Yet, we argue that whilst social assistance has grown distinctively and become an integral part of the emerging welfare regime, certain characteristics of the previous regime were ultimately reproduced within new institutions due to the content of current schemes and the institutional structure of implementation. These include the association of mainstream welfare institutions with social insurance, the ambiguous role of the state towards the excluded parts of the society, the reliance on family relations and informal employment, and the prevalence of paternalist or clientelist motivations. Consequently, the potential of social assistance to extend formalised rights to the entire population was undermined, and the outcome has been the consolidation of a semi-formal welfare regime. To substantiate this argument, the dissertation develops a historical institutionalist framework and examines the elements of institutional change and continuity as well as the processes of change. Our three empirical chapters then focus on the development of legal, organisational, ideational and political bases of social assistance; trends in policy outcomes from the perspectives of decommodification, commodification, defamilialisation and declientelisation; and the functioning of social assistance through semi-autonomous foundations at the local level. Empirically, we build our argument on a comprehensive evidence base including a wide range of policy documents and qualitative interviews. Theoretically, we discuss the implications of our findings for the literatures on welfare regimes and institutionalism, stressing the importance of implementation structures, the co-existence of institutional change and continuity, and the suggestion of a semi-formal regime type.	[]
https://openalex.org/W4254451991	Book and Monograph Notices	[]	[ { "display_name": "Prosperity", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776554220" }, { "display_name": "George (robot)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C67101536" }, { "display_name": "Newspaper", "id": "https://openalex.org/C201280247" }, { "display_name": "Economic history", "id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "History", "id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Art history", "id": "https://openalex.org/C52119013" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Mathematics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4254451991	The Keys to Prosperity . By Willford I. King. Estudios Economicos . Turkey: An Economic Appraisal . By Max W. Thornburg, Graham Spry and George Soule. Labor Relations in the Laundry Industry in Greater New York . By Louis Paul Nestel. The Negro Newspaper . By Vishnu V. Oak. Expanding Welfare in a Free Economy . By Edna Lonigan. Applied Economic Analysis . Edited by Francis M. Boddy. Economia de la Sociedad Colonial: Ensayo de Historia Gomparada de America Latina . By Sergio Bagu. State Taxation of Metallic Deposits . By Warren Aldrich Roberts. The Servile State . By Hilaire Belloc. The Restoration of Property . By Hilaire Belloc. The Theory of Wages . By J. R. Hicks. The Social Framework of the American Economy . By J. R. Hicks and A. G. Hart.	[ { "display_name": "The American Journal of Economics and Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/S97548893", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W4210474362	Critically different or similarly critical? The roots of welfare state criticism among ethnic minority and majority citizens in Belgium	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Arno Van Hootegem", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5000415827" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Solidarity", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780641677" }, { "display_name": "Criticism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C7991579" }, { "display_name": "Ideology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C158071213" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Multiculturalism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C542530943" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Resentment", "id": "https://openalex.org/C50764671" }, { "display_name": "Ethnic group", "id": "https://openalex.org/C137403100" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Gender studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/C107993555" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Feeling", "id": "https://openalex.org/C122980154" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Social psychology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Psychology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Turkey", "Morocco" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4210474362	In times of increasing diversity, the question of how to organize solidarity in multicultural societies comes to the fore. To shed new light on the issue of redistributive solidarity in diverse societies, the present study examines citizens' economic, moral and social criticisms on the welfare state. We compare the character, prevalence and roots of welfare state criticism among majority group members and established Turkish and Moroccan minorities in Belgium. Since these settled minorities occupy a position as 'established outsiders', we are particularly interested in determining whether distinct structural characteristics, social experiences and ideological preferences shape their welfare criticism. Multi-group structural equation modelling on the basis of the Belgian National Elections Study 2014 and Belgian Ethnic Minorities Election Study 2014 reveals that while self-interest and feelings of resentment play a similar role for both groups, the criticism of the majority is more strongly ideologically motivated.	[ { "display_name": "Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463223", "type": "ebook platform" } ]
https://openalex.org/W4388128486	Migration in a Scandinavian Welfare State: The Recent Danish Experience	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Peder J. Pedersen", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5063437550" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Danish", "id": "https://openalex.org/C164622146" }, { "display_name": "Immigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Unemployment", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778126366" }, { "display_name": "Demographic economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254" }, { "display_name": "Refugee", "id": "https://openalex.org/C173145845" }, { "display_name": "Net migration rate", "id": "https://openalex.org/C21992297" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Population", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Geography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Demography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Population growth", "id": "https://openalex.org/C77352025" }, { "display_name": "Economic growth", "id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" }, { "display_name": "Linguistics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4388128486	Abstract The share of people in Denmark who are immigrants or descendants of immigrants is close to the average European level. By 2004 the share of immigrants and refugees and descendants of immigrants and refugees, including people who have become Danish citizens, was 8.2 per cent of the total population. The postwar history of migration in Denmark falls into a number of phases each with specific characteristics. The early postwar period was characterized by net migration of Danish citizens, mainly to Australia and Canada. The background was a fairly high level of unemployment until the late 1950s compared with the full employment experience of most other Western European countries, cf. Pedersen (1996a). From the late 1950s to the first round of oil price shocks in 1974, the Danish labour market was characterized by full employment, close to a situation of excess demand for labour. The net migration of Danish citizens was at a low level. At the same time, guest workers came in mainly from Yugoslavia and Turkey.	[ { "display_name": "Oxford University Press eBooks", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463708", "type": "ebook platform" } ]
https://openalex.org/W1592958928	Globalisation and trade unions in Turkey: Two class strategies in countering neo-liberal restructuring	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Turkey", "display_name": "Dokuz Eylül University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I193615760", "lat": 38.41273, "long": 27.13838, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Elif Uzgören", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5026358658" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Globalization", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2119116" }, { "display_name": "Restructuring", "id": "https://openalex.org/C45237549" }, { "display_name": "Context (archaeology)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Neoliberalism (international relations)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C118589477" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Paleontology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666" }, { "display_name": "Biology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1592958928	The paper reviews alternatives to globalization and neoliberal restructuring within the context of economic crisis and rising politics of dissent. What are the challenges posed by globalisation to labour movements? What kind of strategies does the labour movement in Turkey develop as a way forward? The study is based upon interviews conducted with twenty two trade unionists who took various responsibilities in the recent past in unions that are organised in textile, automotive and agriculture sectors, public services and in their confederations. They were conducted in Istanbul and Ankara in April-May 2010 and December 2010-January 2011. It is argued that although labour is united in their criticisms to globalisation, it is probable to observe an intra-class struggle. Whilst the internationally oriented labour has articulated a struggle at the international level under the motto that ‘another globalisation in the interests of labour is possible’, nationally oriented labour has developed a relatively defensive strategy echoing a form of Keynesian welfare state.	[ { "display_name": "METU Studies in Development", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4387291387", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2518103826	Family migration and policies: Lessons from denmark	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Ilpo Kauppinen", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5077586385" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Panu Poutvaara", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5076748118" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Immigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468" }, { "display_name": "Family reunification", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2775989988" }, { "display_name": "European union", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2910001868" }, { "display_name": "Member states", "id": "https://openalex.org/C3019422483" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Immigration policy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C111141941" }, { "display_name": "Free movement", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2993315049" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Member state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777861868" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Irregular migration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780031633" }, { "display_name": "Economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566" }, { "display_name": "Demographic economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "International trade", "id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Economic geography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C26271046" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2518103826	Denmark is one of the richest and most redistribu-tive welfare states in the world.As a member state ofthe European Union, it is committed to free mobili-ty within the common European labor market.Also,there has been free mobility between Nordic coun-tries since 1954.Like many other Western European countries, Den-mark also transformed in the 20th century from anemigration country to an immigration country. Be-fore 1970, Denmark received guest workers mainlyfrom Turkey, Yugoslavia, Pakistan and Morocco.Since Denmark ended its guest worker program in1973, most immigration from non-Western countriescame through family reunification and asylum.Afterthe oil crises and the slowing of economic growth inthe 1970s, many European countries tightened theirimmigration policy.Denmark was no exception.Asy-lum laws were tightened in 1986, 1992 and 2002. In2002, laws concerning family reunification were alsotightened (Junge 2009).	[ { "display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W3192017678	Telling the untold story of explosion, stagnation and continuation of welfare state system financing in Asia	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Christian Aspalter", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5044556655" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Continuation", "id": "https://openalex.org/C88626702" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "Mathematics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Programming language", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3192017678	This introductory chapter summarizes, in a nutshell, major developments in the construction and further development of welfare state systems in all corners of Asia. Early on, East Asian welfare state systems went on to develop welfare state institutions. Their extended coverage and increased public financial support thereof have been a response to rising social pressures and social movements, and particularly intensifying electoral and party competition in democratic elections. For India, this trend took longer to catch on, but, nevertheless, it now witnesses fast expansion of social expenditure across the board, with no interruption since 2003. Coincidentally, China too, since 2003, has been engaged in frantically extending social security coverage, in health care and pensions in particular, and fighting poverty in all parts of China, particularly in conjunction with housing policy and combined with social investment in health care and education. On the other hand, Turkey, Russia and Macao, for example, have held back on welfare state expansion.	[ { "display_name": "Routledge eBooks", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463855", "type": "ebook platform" } ]
https://openalex.org/W3144273662	Family migration and policies: Lessons from denmark	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Ilpo Kauppinen", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5077586385" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Panu Poutvaara", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5076748118" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Immigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468" }, { "display_name": "Family reunification", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2775989988" }, { "display_name": "Member states", "id": "https://openalex.org/C3019422483" }, { "display_name": "European union", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2910001868" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Free movement", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2993315049" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Member state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777861868" }, { "display_name": "Irregular migration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780031633" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Immigration policy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C111141941" }, { "display_name": "Economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "International trade", "id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549" }, { "display_name": "Geography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Economic geography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C26271046" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3144273662	Denmark is one of the richest and most redistribu-tive welfare states in the world.As a member state ofthe European Union, it is committed to free mobili-ty within the common European labor market.Also,there has been free mobility between Nordic coun-tries since 1954.Like many other Western European countries, Den-mark also transformed in the 20th century from anemigration country to an immigration country. Be-fore 1970, Denmark received guest workers mainlyfrom Turkey, Yugoslavia, Pakistan and Morocco.Since Denmark ended its guest worker program in1973, most immigration from non-Western countriescame through family reunification and asylum.Afterthe oil crises and the slowing of economic growth inthe 1970s, many European countries tightened theirimmigration policy.Denmark was no exception.Asy-lum laws were tightened in 1986, 1992 and 2002. In2002, laws concerning family reunification were alsotightened (Junge 2009).	[ { "display_name": "Munich Reprints in Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/S2764598173", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2147205668	An Introduction to the Swedish Welfare State	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Fatma Fulya Tepe", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5055678794" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Champion", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780465443" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Globalization", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2119116" }, { "display_name": "Welfare capitalism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C196013401" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Capitalism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C514928085" }, { "display_name": "Socialism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C501299471" }, { "display_name": "European union", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2910001868" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "Economic policy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Communism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C542948173" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W17128852", "https://openalex.org/W1566557403", "https://openalex.org/W1967280189", "https://openalex.org/W1985976507", "https://openalex.org/W1992367092", "https://openalex.org/W2003395665", "https://openalex.org/W2023511832", "https://openalex.org/W2027239581", "https://openalex.org/W2041238010", "https://openalex.org/W2092202105", "https://openalex.org/W2123617881", "https://openalex.org/W2129587696", "https://openalex.org/W2495501910" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2147205668	With one of the most generous welfare states of the world, Sweden invented the “Middle Way” between socialism and capitalism. Today, Sweden is regarded as the champion of social equality in the world. In this respect, studying the Swedish welfare state or “the Swedish Model” appears to be meaningful in Turkey, too. The first steps toward the construction of the Swedish welfare state were taken in 1890s, but “the Swedish Model” acquired its basic characteristics, which provided Sweden international reputation, after 1960s. In 1990s, the Swedish welfare state was restructured because of the impacts stemming from the economic crisis of the time, economic globalization and the European Union (EU) membership. Researchers generally agree on the fact that 1990s weakened the Swedish welfare state. However, changes that were made in this decade remained limited. Today, Sweden, which left the economic crisis behind, records both economic growth and budget surplus, and the way Sweden uses this budget surplus proves that Sweden did not alienate from the principles of “the Swedish Model”.	[]
https://openalex.org/W2108182771	Family migration and policies: Lessons from denmark	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Ilpo Kauppinen", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5077586385" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Panu Poutvaara", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5076748118" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Immigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468" }, { "display_name": "Family reunification", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2775989988" }, { "display_name": "European union", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2910001868" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Member states", "id": "https://openalex.org/C3019422483" }, { "display_name": "Free movement", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2993315049" }, { "display_name": "Immigration policy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C111141941" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Member state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777861868" }, { "display_name": "Western europe", "id": "https://openalex.org/C3020780746" }, { "display_name": "Economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566" }, { "display_name": "Demographic economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "International trade", "id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W2117316382", "https://openalex.org/W3122084578", "https://openalex.org/W3122695432" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2108182771	Denmark is one of the richest and most redistribu-tive welfare states in the world.As a member state ofthe European Union, it is committed to free mobili-ty within the common European labor market.Also,there has been free mobility between Nordic coun-tries since 1954.Like many other Western European countries, Den-mark also transformed in the 20th century from anemigration country to an immigration country. Be-fore 1970, Denmark received guest workers mainlyfrom Turkey, Yugoslavia, Pakistan and Morocco.Since Denmark ended its guest worker program in1973, most immigration from non-Western countriescame through family reunification and asylum.Afterthe oil crises and the slowing of economic growth inthe 1970s, many European countries tightened theirimmigration policy.Denmark was no exception.Asy-lum laws were tightened in 1986, 1992 and 2002. In2002, laws concerning family reunification were alsotightened (Junge 2009).	[ { "display_name": "CESifo DICE report", "id": "https://openalex.org/S2764736540", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W3123350536	State Dependence in Welfare Benefits in a Non-Welfare Context	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Belgium", "display_name": "International Zinc Association", "id": "https://openalex.org/I4210140029", "lat": 50.85045, "long": 4.34878, "type": "nonprofit" } ], "display_name": "Sinem H. Ayhan", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5037485089" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Turkey", "display_name": "Galatasaray University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I94294566", "lat": 41.045994, "long": 29.019896, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Selin Pelek", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5011174385" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Context (archaeology)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Public economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100001284" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Geography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "Archaeology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3123350536	This study contributes to the ongoing debate about welfare dependency centered on the western societies through an empirical analysis, within the context of a developing country. It examines state dependence in social assistance benefit receipt using longitudinal data from Turkey, where benefit receipt and persistence rates have witnessed a significant increase since the last decade. Identification is achieved by dynamic random effects probit models, controlling for unobserved heterogeneity and endogenous initial conditions. Particularly, Wooldridge's (2005) estimator and its extensions are applied for achieving consistent and correct estimates of state dependence. In order to check for sensitivity, the results are compared with the results from Heckman's (1981) reduced form approach. Both estimators enable us to deal with the potential bias due to the short panel length. It is found that the benefit receipt of the last year increases the likelihood of benefit receipt in the current year by 17 to 22 percentage points. This evidence suggests that state dependence in social assistance might also be a relevant phenomenon for developing countries.	[ { "display_name": "Social Science Research Network", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172589", "type": "repository" }, { "display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271", "type": "repository" }, { "display_name": "Econstor (Econstor)", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401696", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W3152897930	REGULATIONS IN THE SOCIAL WELFARE STATE: NORDIC COUNTRIES AND TURKEY EXAMPLE	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Turkey", "display_name": "Pamukkale University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I48843708", "lat": 37.739788, "long": 29.10154, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Nagihan Ozkanca Andic", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5067318835" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Turkey", "display_name": "Pamukkale University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I48843708", "lat": 37.739788, "long": 29.10154, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Ekrem Karayılmazlar", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5047058293" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Globalization", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2119116" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Economic Justice", "id": "https://openalex.org/C139621336" }, { "display_name": "Order (exchange)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C182306322" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Public economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100001284" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Microeconomics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C175444787" }, { "display_name": "Finance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3152897930	The Public Expenditure/GDP ratio is one of the most significant metrics that measure the state's share of the economy. It can be said that there is an interventionist state type in countries where this rate is high, or it can be argued that the share of the public sector in the economy is low in countries where this rate is low. It is also possible to argue that the countries' economic, sociological, and political factors play an essential role in determining this ratio. Regulations, which are the most important tools of the welfare state, may arise through economic controls as well as through social policies. This study aims to find an answer to the question of whether this situation is possible for a developing country such as Turkey while Nordic countries, which determine a system different from other welfare models, succeed in raising social welfare without giving up the principles such as equality and justice that they have despite the globalization effect. The data obtained by various methods were subjected to comparison using the Data Envelopment Analysis method in order to achieve this purpose. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0777/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>	[ { "display_name": "European Journal of Social Sciences Studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4210237498", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W4327622526	A challenging responsibility - care for older parents in Turkish immigrant families	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Anika Liversage", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5039336001" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Danish", "id": "https://openalex.org/C164622146" }, { "display_name": "Immigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468" }, { "display_name": "Turkish", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2781121862" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Family reunification", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2775989988" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Psychology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967" }, { "display_name": "Nursing", "id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408" }, { "display_name": "Medicine", "id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" }, { "display_name": "Linguistics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W1926672952", "https://openalex.org/W1975892538", "https://openalex.org/W1988062659", "https://openalex.org/W2006906913", "https://openalex.org/W2033225074", "https://openalex.org/W2042455569", "https://openalex.org/W2061258481", "https://openalex.org/W2062688049", "https://openalex.org/W2076205689", "https://openalex.org/W2085265460", "https://openalex.org/W2088096730", "https://openalex.org/W2091044086", "https://openalex.org/W2107781013", "https://openalex.org/W2114989435", "https://openalex.org/W2132192959", "https://openalex.org/W2142225512", "https://openalex.org/W2146955657", "https://openalex.org/W2173459095", "https://openalex.org/W2276568888", "https://openalex.org/W2329776486", "https://openalex.org/W2530918497", "https://openalex.org/W2578541944", "https://openalex.org/W2587911965", "https://openalex.org/W2587985029", "https://openalex.org/W2767783789", "https://openalex.org/W2769411936", "https://openalex.org/W2772428396", "https://openalex.org/W2773491971", "https://openalex.org/W2792313319", "https://openalex.org/W2797412715", "https://openalex.org/W2809039132", "https://openalex.org/W2888858799", "https://openalex.org/W2898750765", "https://openalex.org/W2911004885", "https://openalex.org/W2950438681", "https://openalex.org/W2951100143", "https://openalex.org/W2956138023", "https://openalex.org/W2963034303", "https://openalex.org/W3007782896", "https://openalex.org/W3013767851", "https://openalex.org/W3121086159", "https://openalex.org/W3125197254", "https://openalex.org/W3138529957", "https://openalex.org/W3161390697", "https://openalex.org/W3200555575", "https://openalex.org/W4225291881", "https://openalex.org/W4285059352", "https://openalex.org/W4303696587", "https://openalex.org/W4322500388", "https://openalex.org/W4381050664" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4327622526	Objective: This article explores care for older immigrants from Turkey, particularly with regard to receiving support from their family in a welfare state such as Denmark. Background: The first labour migrants to Europe are currently entering old age in growing numbers. While research on the intersection between immigration and aging is expanding, knowledge about how older immigrants receive care is still limited, making this a timely study. Method: The article draws on interviews with 30 individuals – older parents, children and grandchildren – from 22 families both with and without pressing care needs. Two of the families utilized a Danish care policy where a family member is remunerated by the municipality for carrying out specified care tasks. Results: The data show that, in many families, both older and younger family members consider providing family care very important. The needs for such provisions are deepened due to the older immigrants’ often limited command of the Danish language, which makes them unable to communicate with Danish care workers. In some families, older members refuse to receive public help, increasing the need for support from their next of kin. Conclusion: While the existence of large family networks can facilitate provisions of family care through sharing, family responsibilities can also be stressful in a dual-earner society such as Denmark. Primary caretakers are often female, and such women’s engagement in providing family care may lead already vulnerable individuals to become further marginalized in society.	[ { "display_name": "Journal of family research", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4210179664", "type": "journal" }, { "display_name": "Social Science Open Access Repository (GESIS – Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences)", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401996", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2795932717	Christopher Dawson and Political Religion	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United States", "display_name": "University of Mary Washington", "id": "https://openalex.org/I191484440", "lat": 38.301945, "long": -77.475, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Joseph T. Stuart", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5059402524" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Communism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C542948173" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Economic history", "id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Dictatorship", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48327123" }, { "display_name": "Power (physics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C163258240" }, { "display_name": "China", "id": "https://openalex.org/C191935318" }, { "display_name": "German", "id": "https://openalex.org/C154775046" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Notice", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779913896" }, { "display_name": "Spanish Civil War", "id": "https://openalex.org/C81631423" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "World War II", "id": "https://openalex.org/C137355542" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566" }, { "display_name": "History", "id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Democracy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C555826173" }, { "display_name": "Physics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964" }, { "display_name": "Archaeology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Quantum mechanics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2795932717	World politics shifted dramatically around the time of the Great War. A. J. P. Taylor opened his book English History: 1914–1945 with these words: “Until August 1914 a sensible, lawabiding Englishman could pass through life and hardly notice the existence of the state, beyond the post office and the policeman.” English people did not need passports to travel abroad; they paid modest taxes. The state largely left the adult citizen alone. During and soon after the Great War, this minimal relationship between citizens and their states changed. Government took on a larger scope of activity in Britain, creating new departments of shipping, labor, food, national service, and food production. Some people understood that this was a direct result of the war. Drafts forced citizens to serve the state; new regulations appeared for food, the press, and beer; and even the clocks changed with the first implementation of Daylight Savings Time. After the Great War, the politicization of life increased rapidly. In America and Britain the welfare state grew out of the New Deal (1933–1936) and the Beveridge Report (1942). On the Eurasian continent the changes were more dramatic. The collapse of the German, Ottoman, Austro-Hungarian, and Russian empires after the Great War left a power vacuum in which totalitarian political movements were born. Dictatorship arose in Turkey, and communism spread to China in 1921 and took over that country in 1949. All of these movements embraced social planning and an expanded role for the state.	[ { "display_name": "The Political Science Reviewer", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306532645", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W3025876803	Integration of Caribbean immigrants in a welfare state city: Surinamese and Antilleans in Amsterdam	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Netherlands", "display_name": "University of Amsterdam", "id": "https://openalex.org/I887064364", "lat": 52.37403, "long": 4.88969, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "S. Musterd", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5006543736" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Netherlands", "display_name": "University of Amsterdam", "id": "https://openalex.org/I887064364", "lat": 52.37403, "long": 4.88969, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Nicole Smakman", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5007771873" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Immigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468" }, { "display_name": "Settlement (finance)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777063073" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Population", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359" }, { "display_name": "Position (finance)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C198082294" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Market integration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2781051278" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Demographic economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Demography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Finance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Payment", "id": "https://openalex.org/C145097563" }, { "display_name": "Macroeconomics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470" } ]	[ "Turkey", "Morocco" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3025876803	‘Blacks, who are trapped in ghetto-like urban environments and who fail to participate in society, who are not able to get a decent house and cannot get a proper job’: that is the stereotypical fearful image particularly associated with US cities. It also seems to play a major role in the political and scientific debates about integration of (black or coloured) immigrants into other countries. This is certainly true for the Netherlands, where the fear of the ghetto is frequently expressed in relation to the settlement of Caribbean, Turkish and Moroccan immigrants. However, whereas the stereotype of the ghetto may be valid for some parts of the black population in some US cities, the immigrant settlement patterns in the US and elsewhere seem to require other images. Certainly the European (and again specifically the Dutch) situation should not be referred to using labels like ‘the ghetto’, not even when it concerns black Caribbean immigrants of African origin. In this paper we analyse the level of integration of Dutch Caribbean immigrants, i.e. Surinamese and Antilleans. Integration was investigated in the spatial sphere and in the housing market and labour market contexts in the Netherlands, and more particularly in Amsterdam. Moderate levels of spatial segregation and a fairly strong housing market position indicate high levels of integration. Their position on the labour market, which initially was less favourable, has recently improved substantially, and coincides with advancement in higher secondary education among Surinamese youths. The article sets out that these achievements are likely to be associated with the wider organisation of the Dutch welfare state and with the booming economy. Since currently that welfare state is under revision, with an increase in social polarisation and a reduction of housing support among the likely effects, and since employment opportunities for many immigrants are strongly related to the business cycle, the future prospects for Caribbean immigrants are not unambiguously positive. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.	[]
https://openalex.org/W1499307609	Keynesçi Refah Devletinin Temeli Olarak Sosyal Demokrasi ve Yeni Liberal Dönüşümün Yansımaları	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Kazakhstan", "display_name": "Suleyman Demirel University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I4210120897", "lat": 43.207962, "long": 76.66897, "type": "education" }, { "country": "Turkey", "display_name": "Süleyman Demirel University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I175124709", "lat": 37.76444, "long": 30.55222, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Hüseyin Gül", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5077061425" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Democracy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C555826173" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Workfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779444201" }, { "display_name": "Humanities", "id": "https://openalex.org/C15708023" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1499307609	Ozet: Sosyal demokrasi, Keynesci refah devletine ideolojik temel saglamis ve temel ilke ve tezlerine refah politikalari araciligiyla uygulama alani bulmustur. Calismada, refah devleti uygulamalari temelinde sosyal demokrasinin bir degerlendirmesi yapilmaktadir. Bu baglamda oncelikle sosyal demokrasinin temel degerleri ve ilkeleri ortaya konmaktadir. Daha sonra sosyal demokraside devlet ve piyasa iliskilerinin nasil goruldugu ve sosyoekonomik yoksunluklara cozum olarak ne tur siyasalar onerildigi gozden gecirilmektedir. Bir sonraki bolumde sosyal refah anlayisindan calisma refahina yasanan donusum irdelenmektedir. Son bolumde ise sosyal demokrasiye ve Keynesci sosyal devlet uygulamalarina yapilan elestiriler irdelenmekte ve kuresellesme surecinde sosyal demokrasinin ve sosyal devletin konumunun ne olacagina dair dusunceler ortaya konulmaktadir. Sonucta ise guncel gelismeler isiginda Turkiye’de sosyal demokrasinin durumu tartisilmaktadir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Sosyal demokrasi, sol, refah devleti, sosyal devlet, piyasa, adalet, esitlik, firsat esitligi Social Democracy as the Foundation of Keynesian Welfare State and the Reflections of Neo-Liberalism Abstract: Social democracy has provided an ideological base for Keynesian welfare state and gotten its tenets and principles put into implementation through welfare policies. In this study, social democracy is being analyzed in the context of welfare state implementations. In this regard, first the basic values and principles of social democracy are presented. Then, how state-market relations are viewed in social democracy and what policies are offered for socioeconomic policies as solutions are reviewed. In the later section, the change from welfare to workfare is analyzed. In the final section, critiques of social democracy are questioned and ideas related to where and how social democracy and welfare state will be located in the process of globalization are presented. In conclusion, in the view of recent developments, some implications for social democracy in Turkey are discussed. Key Words: Social democracy, the left, the welfare state, social state, market, justice, equality, equality of opportunities	[]
https://openalex.org/W2752431107	CAUSES, COURSE AND VALUE OF THE FEBRUARY REVOLUTION IN RUSSIA	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Б. А. Исаев", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5064009989" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "И. Ф. Игнатьева", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5035476239" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Democracy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C555826173" }, { "display_name": "Population", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Government (linguistics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410" }, { "display_name": "Modernization theory", "id": "https://openalex.org/C53844881" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Economic history", "id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Linguistics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" }, { "display_name": "Demography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2752431107	The article examines the causes, major events and significance of the February revolution in Russia. Among the reasons the author singles out common causes of all Russian revolutions of the twentieth century and private causes exactly the February revolution. The common reasons, according to the author, are: Imperial absolutism, not limited by any elected body, hierarchical, strictly centralized State structure, constricting any initiative, the appointment of senior officials exclusively from among the aristocracy, tight State control over the economy, low purchasing capacity of the population, which did not allow to develop the internal market, instability in the financial market, the lag in modernization, economic freedom of the peasants, the workers, low wages generally low labour costs that has bedeviled the introduction of new technology. Private reasons February author: an unwillingness to respect the King brought his promises in the manifesto of October 17, rejection of democratic reforms, reactionary policies contrary to the General course of things in the country and the world, the collapse of the reforms, Government disorder Stolypin with Duma, the transformation of popular representation in the scenery, after a victorious year 1914 began failures on the front, causing a large influx of refugees, interruptions to supply bread to the capital. Major events of the February revolution the author considers a legitimate order of transfer of power from the King to the Interim Committee of the Duma, the establishment of the provisional Government and its programе of reforms, three crisis, each of which forced the Government to shift, calling it more representatives of the Petrograd Council of workers and soldiers ‘ deputies, members of non-governmental parties, reckoned the Government increasingly coalition. Those forced measures do not solve the main issues of the revolution: peasant, worker, national and world. Delaying reforms to address these issues and served as the main cause of the increasing influence of the Bolsheviks. The value of the February revolution lies in the fact that it was publicly proclaimed Russia’s movement toward egalitarization and the democratization of society, building a Democratic Republic. Calling all the warring States to the conclusion of the democratic world, the February revolution had an impact on the situation on the fronts, caused a chain of democratic revolutions: in Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey. During the February revolution plan tariffs drastically changed the objectives, values and social attitudes towards the recognition of the goals and values of the lower strata of society (the world, land reform, increasing wages and improving working conditions), democratization of all social relations. Russia was proclaimed a Republic. But recognizing new goals and values of the interim Government that has done little to implement them.	[ { "display_name": "Konfliktologia", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306517538", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2258055728	Religion and Public Goods Provision: Evidence from Catholicism and Islam	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United States", "display_name": "Arizona State University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I55732556", "lat": 33.41477, "long": -111.90931, "type": "education" }, { "country": "United States", "display_name": "University of Nevada Reno", "id": "https://openalex.org/I134113660", "lat": 39.52963, "long": -119.8138, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Carolyn M. Warner", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5060819981" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Ramazan Kılınç", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5070910073" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Christopher Hale", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5061215719" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United States", "display_name": "Arizona State University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I55732556", "lat": 33.41477, "long": -111.90931, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Adam H. Cohen", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5058670759" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Generosity", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779861158" }, { "display_name": "Islam", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4445939" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Public good", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162222271" }, { "display_name": "Religious organization", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2994117223" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Public administration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" }, { "display_name": "Theology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212" }, { "display_name": "Microeconomics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C175444787" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W172819547", "https://openalex.org/W201798016", "https://openalex.org/W391483462", "https://openalex.org/W561686183", "https://openalex.org/W566979986", "https://openalex.org/W578517644", "https://openalex.org/W603355099", "https://openalex.org/W632754989", "https://openalex.org/W647758413", "https://openalex.org/W652203781", "https://openalex.org/W1486367002", "https://openalex.org/W1489323146", "https://openalex.org/W1496457576", "https://openalex.org/W1500845271", "https://openalex.org/W1524427551", "https://openalex.org/W1539862362", "https://openalex.org/W1539903039", "https://openalex.org/W1557871520", "https://openalex.org/W1574203027", "https://openalex.org/W1577430189", "https://openalex.org/W1584381958", "https://openalex.org/W1606908014", "https://openalex.org/W1746695769", "https://openalex.org/W1757302235", 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"https://openalex.org/W3125007403", "https://openalex.org/W3149086406", "https://openalex.org/W3149953018", "https://openalex.org/W3162425146" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2258055728	What are the institutional and spiritual mechanisms which enable religious communities to produce public goods? With the collapse of many states and the retrenchment of social services, much recent political science research has asked what fosters provision of public goods outside of state or government. However, organized religions have an ambiguous status in research on civil society, with some scholars conceptualizing and analyzing them as components, and others excluding them. Our project advances the study of public goods provision and group cooperation in political science by giving sustained and systematic attention to the causal properties of Catholicism and Islam as producers of generous behavior. What specific religious beliefs and institutions promote generosity? Do these vary across religious traditions? This paper will focus on these questions, using data from field research conducted in Milan, Paris, Dublin and Istanbul and derived from semi-structured interviews with religious community members, and religious leaders in Dublin and Istanbul. Italy, France and Ireland have been and remain crucial to the history and life of the Catholic Church and Catholicism; Turkey is a leading Islamic country, with a significant role in Islam’s history. We argue that religious communities produce public goods through mobilizing their spiritual and institutional repertoire. A number of factors significantly influence generosity of individual members: individual’s relation to his or her religious community and his or her experience of its rituals; the religion’s institutional capacity to get its members involved in charitable activities; and national social welfare policies. We use this study of generosity within Catholicism and Islam to test several propositions derived from the literature on public goods provision. We also use this study to test what the mechanisms for public and club goods provision within the two religions are - what aspects of their theology and rituals, of their community and institutional structures, promote public goods provision? We suggest that not only do organized religions provide sanctions and incentives through their theologies and institutional structures, but these same theologies and institutional structures can also elicit the pro-social tendencies of individuals. Both religions have institutional structures and belief systems that facilitate generosity, the providing of public goods at a cost in time and expense and effort to oneself. For these two mainstream religions, neither one has strong sanctioning or monitoring systems; Islam perhaps has a stronger one than Catholicism, but neither religion could be characterized as being a strict sect. The paper assesses these factors through analysis of semi-structured interviews and questionnaires, and case study materials in order to further assess various hypothesized causal mechanisms.	[ { "display_name": "Social Science Research Network", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172589", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2594751085	Islamic Values in Elderly Care in Finland: The Perspective of Muslim Women Caregivers	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Sweden", "display_name": "Lasarettet i Motala", "id": "https://openalex.org/I4210149619", "lat": 58.544384, "long": 15.027661, "type": "healthcare" } ], "display_name": "Suraiya Begum", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5034698614" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Finland", "display_name": "University of Helsinki", "id": "https://openalex.org/I133731052", "lat": 60.16952, "long": 24.93545, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Marjaana Seppänen", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5021908129" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Immigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Population", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359" }, { "display_name": "Population ageing", "id": "https://openalex.org/C13774568" }, { "display_name": "Islam", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4445939" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Economic growth", "id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688" }, { "display_name": "Demographic economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254" }, { "display_name": "Demography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435" }, { "display_name": "Geography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Archaeology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Turkey", "Syria", "Somalia", "Iraq" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2594751085	Introduction Finland has traditionally had an ethnically homogenous population, but in recent decades, the country has experienced an increase in the number of immigrants. In 2012, the number of foreigners resident in the country was 195,000, accounting for 3.6 percent of the population (Vaestoliitto, 2014). The immigrant population includes persons from predominantly Muslim countries. Also on the rise in Finland, is the elderly population, a trend to be seen in the other Scandinavian countries and many societies across the Western world. The Finnish population is ageing faster than that in other European Union countries (Salin, 2013). Today, 17.5 percent of the population is over 65 years of age (Statistics Finland, 2014), and the figure is growing rapidly, increasing demand for elderly care in coming years. Finland is described as a Nordic welfare state, characterised by the state's strong role (Greve, 2007), particularly so in the case of elderly care. However, analyses of recent developments show signs of marketisation and the emerging privatisation of care; another trend is the integration of informal family care into the formal care system (Anttonen and Haikio, 2011; Kroger and Leinonen, 2012; Yeandle et al., 2013). Regardless of the way care is organised, it is evident that, in keeping with demographic changes, the need for care is increasing (Hunt et al., 2014), sparking a concomitant increase in the demand for women workers in elderly care (Castle, 2008; Donoghue, 2010; Kash, Naufal, Cortes, & Johnson, 2010). It follows that the number of immigrant women care-givers will rise accordingly, some of whom will be from countries of Islamic origin, such as Afghanistan, Albania, Iraq, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Gambia, Somalia, Syria, Turkey, Nigeria and the former Yugoslavia. The number of Muslims in Finland, a country of some five million, is estimated to be 60,000 persons (Kern, 2011). The increasing share of immigrant caregivers is a relatively new phenomenon in Finland, whereas in many European countries, and in many other parts of the world, the role of such workers has been widely discussed in recent policy and research (Spencer et al., 2010; Welsh and O'Shea, 2010). Some Finnish immigrant caregivers have lived in the country for several years and have a care-related educational qualification obtained in Finland; the country has also actively recruited educated care professionals from abroad (Lauren and Wrede, 2011). Consequently, at present, in the care environment, one sees an unprecedented degree of interaction between individuals from different cultures and cultural backgrounds. An understanding of such interactions (Aranda & Knight, 1997) is of increasing importance in the society. Within this context and in this light, we focus in this article on the perspective of Islamic women caregivers who for the most part encounter Finnish clients and colleagues in their work. While one can see a significant movement towards promoting theoretical understanding and the advancement of research in the care sector to recognise culture and incorporate it into health services (Sagar, 2012), to date relatively little effort has been made to understand the implications of cultural changes in the workforce and the experiences of immigrant carers (Walsh and O'Shea, 2010). Our practical knowledge of cultural interaction among care professionals from a variety of cultures (Aranda & Knight, 1997) remains relatively limited. Such knowledge would be important for a diverse range of needs and practices, and would increase understanding of the culture of both healthcare professionals and clients in care institutions. This is the case in Finland, where the growing number of caregivers and care receivers from multicultural backgrounds in elderly care institutions and hospitals. All societies have norms of care and behaviour based on age, lifestyle, gender and social values. …	[ { "display_name": "Journal of international women's studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/S2764422806", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2805131734	How the Workers Became Muslims: Immigration, Culture and Hegemonic Transformation in Europe by Ferruh Yilmaz	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Carmen Teeple Hopkins", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5033503719" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Hegemony", "id": "https://openalex.org/C135121143" }, { "display_name": "Immigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Gender studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/C107993555" }, { "display_name": "Immigration policy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C111141941" }, { "display_name": "Scholarship", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778061430" }, { "display_name": "Citizenship", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780781376" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2805131734	Reviewed by: How the Workers Became Muslims: Immigration, Culture and Hegemonic Transformation in Europe by Ferruh Yilmaz Carmen Teeple Hopkins Ferruh Yilmaz, How the Workers Became Muslims: Immigration, Culture and Hegemonic Transformation in Europe (Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press 2016) Over the last couple of decades, research on Muslim immigration to Europe has produced an important body of critical scholarship that has been characterized by a renewed interest in the intersections between the welfare state, citizenship, race, and religion in neoliberal economies. Much of this research has focused on how the period of the 1980s was seminal in the stigmatization of Muslim populations in Europe, amidst increased rates of unemployment, cuts to social services, and changes in immigration policy. Yilmaz' research is situated within this literature as he traces the ways in which public and political discourse on immigration in Denmark changed in the 1980s. This shift involved the initial understanding of Muslim immigrants as workers to a discourse that erased their class background and emphasized their cultural difference as Muslims who were Other, separate from Danish society. The overarching argument of the book is that there was a process of "culturalization" that began 1984. (15) By culturalization, Yilmaz refers to the ontology of culture, a term indebted to anthropologists such as Clifford Geertz to describe a symbolic "meaning-making system." (16) In the 1970s and 1980s, public discourse was dominated by "economic questions such as taxes, public spending, and unemployment." (60) In Denmark in 1984 there were two simultaneous processes that occurred: a major rise in refugees and a number of Far Right actors who manufactured fear about immigrants and refugees. The evidence for Yilmaz' argument unfolds in Chapters 2, 3 and 4, where he analyzes the transformation of discourse [End Page 306] in Denmark that demonized Muslims and generalized all immigrants as Muslim. One of the key players featured in Yilmaz' analysis is Søren Krarup, a Far Right pastor during the mid-1980s who generated a "moral panic around refugees" (102) by, for instance, regularly putting anti-refugee ads in far-right newspapers which then drew significant media attention. The strengths of the book lie first in its detailed account of Danish politics from the 1980s to 2000s and second, in the overall argument. First, Yilmaz is well-placed to excavate this political and journalistic history of Danish society. As a former journalist during the 1980s, he wrote actively during this period of significant political change. Yilmaz' research methods rely on both the analysis of Danish newspaper articles from 1984 to 1987, and 2001, as well as 39 interviews conducted with "ethnic Danes" in 2001. (25) (Cultural studies readers will be interested in Chapter 1 where Yilmaz lays out his methodology of content, discourse, and rhetorical analysis.) On a personal level, Yilmaz shares with the reader that he arrived in Denmark from Turkey in 1979 as a leftist activist and explains how he "became Muslim." (3) Clearly, his lived experience resonates with both the content and title of the book. Yilmaz grew up atheist and did not identify as Muslim when he arrived in Denmark; he eventually assumed this political (not religious) identity as a result of other people asking if he was Muslim. Second, the premise that Danish political discourse shifted in the mid-1980s from an understanding of immigrants as workers to a cultural Other is a welcome contribution to the field of labour, immigration, and racism. Indeed, Yilmaz makes the case that the culturalization of immigrants made racism widely acceptable in Danish society. The historical specificity of the political conditions in which racism in Denmark grew and was produced by particular figures demonstrates how racism is generated and is not natural or inevitable in a given population. While focused on the Danish context, Yilmaz indicates that his case study is relevant to Europe more broadly. My research falls within the area of gender, Muslim migration, and labour in France, making this text relevant to my own interests. In Europe, the 1970s was characterized by immigration policies that relied on unskilled male migrant workers, often followed by family reunification policies in the 1980s which brought over female spouses. Similar to Denmark, this pattern...	[ { "display_name": "Labour/Le Travail", "id": "https://openalex.org/S140564781", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W3208518504	Essays on labor and migration economics	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Michael Zibrowius", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5018372098" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Immigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Wage", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777388388" }, { "display_name": "Unemployment", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778126366" }, { "display_name": "Human capital", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776943663" }, { "display_name": "Labour economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C145236788" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Extant taxon", "id": "https://openalex.org/C178300618" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Demographic economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Economic growth", "id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "Evolutionary biology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C78458016" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Biology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W1494685901", "https://openalex.org/W1499862992", "https://openalex.org/W2010601424", "https://openalex.org/W2503740965", "https://openalex.org/W3158666512" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3208518504	This thesis provides important empirical evidence on the German labor market which faces tremendous challenges by ongoing demographic changes. With an expected decrease in its labor force and an aging society, Germany has to find ways to maintain its economic stability and the functioning of its welfare state. Two possible solutions are discussed: immigration – especially of highly skilled immigrants – and investments in human capital that allow individuals to find better paying and more stable jobs. Section 2 addresses the question to what extent immigrants are able to overcome initial wage disadvantages vis-a-vis comparable natives. Adding to the extant literature on this topic, the analysis particularly takes into account differences between skill groups and how these differences may be responsible for different wage assimilation patterns. The results show that highly skilled immigrants are not able to catch up with their native peers in terms of wages, while the initial wage gap between low/medium skilled immigrants and natives narrows over time. This can be in part explained by theoretical considerations such as Merton’s (1968) theory of cumulative advantages or may simply be the result of employers’ discrimination against immigrants, e.g., by hindering the promotion of immigrants into better paying jobs (“glass ceilings”). Section 3 also refers to Merton’s (1968) theory of cumulative advantages and looks at one of the sources of initial disparities between immigrants and natives, i.e., the occurrence of youth unemployment. As Burgess (2003) points out, youth unemployment has long-lasting negative consequences particularly for lower skilled individuals. The analysis in Section 3 thus considers only graduates from lower and intermediate secondary schools, i.e., Hauptschule and Realschule. By using proportional hazard models I show that controlling for individual, parental, and regional background can only explain part of the difference in the risk of becoming unemployed between immigrants and natives. However, second generation immigrants of Turkish origin, an especially vulnerable group also in other countries, stand out as the group with the highest unemployment risk, ceteris paribus. While immigration offers one possible solution to address Germany’s demographic challenges, increasing the overall skills of its population may be another means to help alleviate the economic pressure caused by the shortage of skilled labor. Germany’s vocational training system is often praised for its effectiveness in providing young adults with the necessary human capital to smoothly enter the labor market (e.g., Heckman, 1994). In addition, Germany’s “dual system” (duales System) is seen as being largely responsible for the low youth unemployment rates in Germany compared to other Western countries. This thesis investigates the extent to which human capital investments, e.g. in form of apprenticeship or vocational training, are beneficial with respect to labor market outcomes early in individuals’ careers. Using a sample of 25 years old East and West German youths who graduated from lower or intermediate secondary school, i.e., Hauptschule or Realschule, Section 4 examines the returns to apprenticeship and vocational training (AVT) regarding three early labor market outcomes: non-employment, fulltime employment, and wages. As predicted by Becker’s (1964) human capital theory, AVT is beneficial with respect to all three outcomes. AVT graduates have c.p. significantly lower risks of non-employment, significantly higher propensities of having a fulltime permanent job, and they earn significantly higher wages than their peers without a vocational degree. Interestingly, we find no significant differences in the returns between apprenticeship degrees and degrees from other forms of vocational training at an early stage in young persons’ careers. Despite differences in general economic conditions, returns to AVT do not differ between East and West Germany. They also show no significant decline over time even in light of an ongoing educational expansion that leads to an increase in the share of graduates from higher secondary schools.	[]
https://openalex.org/W2964299700	Data for: Forbearance as redistribution: The politics of informal welfare in Latin America	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Alisha C. Holland", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5037139870" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Forbearance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C120397944" }, { "display_name": "Redistribution (election)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C74080474" }, { "display_name": "Enforcement", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779777834" }, { "display_name": "Voluntarism (philosophy)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C156941479" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Latin Americans", "id": "https://openalex.org/C158886217" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Incentive", "id": "https://openalex.org/C29122968" }, { "display_name": "Poverty", "id": "https://openalex.org/C189326681" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Public economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100001284" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Economic growth", "id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Finance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" }, { "display_name": "Epistemology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2964299700	Overview Why do governments tolerate the violation of their own laws and regulations, and when do they enforce them? Conventional wisdom is that state weakness erodes enforcement, particularly in the developing world. In contrast, this book project, as Redistribution: The Politics of Informal Welfare in Latin highlights the understudied political costs of enforcement. Governments choose not to enforce laws and regulations, or forbearance, when it is in their electoral interest. Focusing on laws that the poor violate, the manuscript shows how a simple distributive logic can account for enforcement patterns over space and time. Politicians forbear when formal welfare policies are inadequate and they depend on the poor’s votes to win office. Forbearance both indirectly signals a politician’s class affinities and directly functions as a form of informal welfare provision to the poor. Unlike these informal transfers, many state benefits accrue to the middle class in developing countries. The poor therefore vote and mobilize for forbearance, while expecting little from tax-based redistribution. Forbearance thus offers much-needed support when governments fail, yet the book also show how it can perpetuate the same exclusionary welfare policies from which it originates. The primary—but not exclusive—empirical focus is Latin America, a middle-income region where many governments have the money and manpower to enforce their laws. Latin America is the region with the most unequal income distribution in the world, which means that poverty rates are much higher than would be expected at similar development levels. Sharp inequality and residential segregation create different incentives to enforce depending on where politicians seek office within a city. I select city cases that vary along the principal independent variables under both my theory and competing state capacity-based explanations. The cases span a city known for its capable institutions (Santiago, Chile) and cities with more middling capacities that either group all voters into a single catchall district (Bogota, Colombia) or divide voters into many income-segregated districts (Lima, Peru). The decision to compare enforcement across cities reflects substantive and methodological concerns. City governments have become increasingly important sites of policymaking and electoral contestation after a wave of decentralizing reforms in the 1980s and 1990s. Methodologically, there are ways in which the biggest cities across countries—Lima and Santiago, or Lagos and Accra—are more similar to one another than to the secondary cities or rural regions to which they are compared in more common within-nation subnational research designs. Therefore, in this book I focus on Latin American capitals as a way to make valid inferences across similar units, and I use enforcement patterns both within and across cities to expand the number of testable observations. I underscore the comparability of major cities by extending the argument to Istanbul, Turkey. Common tensions around law enforcement emerge in a quite distinct national context. I take a multi-method approach in which I use observations about how a variety of actors—citizens, bureaucrats, mayors, and presidents—behave to distinguish my theory from dominant alternatives moored in state weakness. These included public opinion data that reveal that poor support forbearance and candidates who advocate it; qualitative interviews with local politicians, bureaucrats, street vendors, and squatters; local government data on enforcement actions and legal violations; an archive of all newspaper articles on squatting and street vending; and a range of administrative documents, such as government reports, campaign platforms, and correspondence with squatter settlements. I use a combination of methods, including 1) statistical analysis of public opinion data and enforcement data, 2) process-tracing using interviews, government documents, and newspaper reports, and 3) content analysis of newspaper reports. My findings underscore the strategic—and deeply democratic—nature of enforcement of laws that the poor violate. “Weak” enforcement does not necessarily imply a weak state that cannot regulate the behavior of its citizens. To the contrary, forbearance can indicate healthy electoral democracy in which politicians are responsive to poor voters and choose not to enforce laws that conflict with local preferences. This theory naturally suggests counterintuitive policy conclusions: reforms to strengthen the welfare state may do more to build the rule of law than additional funding for police and bureaucrats. Successful democratization and reforms to increase the poor’s political power, if unaccompanied by improvements in social policy, can erode enforcement.	[]
https://openalex.org/W4385496753	Educational knowledge and politics of receiving migrant pupils. A contribution to Danish welfare state history during the late twentieth century	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Denmark", "display_name": "Aalborg University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I891191580", "lat": 57.048, "long": 9.9187, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Nanna Ramsing Enemark", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5037193186" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Denmark", "display_name": "Aalborg University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I891191580", "lat": 57.048, "long": 9.9187, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Mette Buchardt", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5061820121" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Danish", "id": "https://openalex.org/C164622146" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "History of education", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779561538" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Gender studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/C107993555" }, { "display_name": "History", "id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728" }, { "display_name": "Ancient history", "id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" }, { "display_name": "Linguistics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Turkey" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4385496753	ABSTRACTThe arrival of guest workers in Denmark from the late 1960s meant new political questions of how to receive their children in school. During the 1970s, the heyday of welfare state reforms, a new area of welfare state politics and policy emerged concerning these children: an education politics of migrant pupils accompanied by knowledge being produced in the intersection between the pedagogical professional field, the academic field and the political field. This politics, policy and knowledge area soon became contested among politicians, professionals and academics. The article explores a core discussion still taking place at present, namely how approaches for receiving newly arrived pupils in the Folkeskole (the primary and lower secondary school. Based on source material consisting of parliamentary debates from the official political field and the professional and research-based literature that developed in the period, the article sheds light on how educational knowledge on different approaches to reception was circulated between fields. Executing an analysis that combines concepts from sociology and history of education and knowledge and from theory on policy processes, the article shows how knowledge and politics interacted to make or reject policy junctures in the formative decades when the politics of migrant pupils in the Danish welfare state was established, namely from the early 1970s and up until the mid-1990s. We conclude that local developments and debates in the knowledge production field shaped early school integration policies in the Danish welfare state during the 1970s and 1980s, but had limited influence in the 1990.KEYWORDS: Migrant educationhistory of educationeducation policywelfare state historyeducation politics AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to thank Associate Professors Susanne Dau and Ethan Hutt and Postdoctoral Researcher Mantė Vertelytė for comments on earlier drafts.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Notes1 M. Buchardt, Kulturforklaring: uddannelseshistorier om muslimskhed [Culture as Explanation: Educational Histories about Muslimness] (Copenhagen: Tiderne Skifter, 2016); M. Buchardt, “The ‘Culture’ of Migrant Pupils: A Nation- and Welfare-State Historical Perspective on the European Refugee Crisis”, European Education 50, no. 1 (2018): 58–73; and M. Padovan-Özdemir, The Making of Educationally Manageable Immigrant Schoolchildren in Denmark, 1970–2013: A Critical Prism for Studying the Fabrication of a Danish Welfare Nation State (University of Copenhagen, 2016).2 B. Kristjánsdóttir and S. Jacobsen Pérez, “Nyankomne Børn og Unge I Det Danske Uddannelsessystem: Lovgrundlag og Organisering” [Newly Arrived Children and Youngsters in the Danish Education System: Legislative Framework and Organisation], Nordand 11, no. 2 (2016): 35–63.3 Buchardt, Kulturforklaring; M. Vertelytė and D. Staunæs, “From Tolerance Work to Pedagogies of Unease: Affective Investments in Danish Antiracist Education”, Nordic Journal of Studies in Educational Policy 7, no. 3 (2021): 126–35.4 R. Alapuro and H. Stenius, eds., Nordic Associations in a European Perspective (Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 2010); and M. Hilson, P. Markkola, and A. Östman, Co-operatives and the Social Question. The Co-operative Movement in Northern and Eastern Europe c. 1880–1950 (Cardiff: Welsh Academic Press, 2012).5 Buchardt, Kulturforklaring.6 N. de Coninck-Smith, L. R. Rasmussen, and I. Vyff, Da skolen blev alles: Tiden Efter 1970 [When the School Became for All: The Time After 1970] (Aarhus: Universitetsforlag, 2015).7 Kristjánsdóttir and Jacobsen Pérez, “Nyankomne børn”.8 M. B. Jørgensen, “The Diverging Logics of Integration Policy Making at National and City Level”, International Migration Review 46, no. 1 (2012): 250.9 J. W. Kingdon, Agendas, Alternatives and Public Policies (Harper Collins College Publishers, 1995).10 N. R. Enemark, J. H. Li, and M. Buchardt, “Education policies and the dilemmas concerning migrant students in the Northern European welfare states. The case of mother-tongue instruction”, in Migrants and Welfare States: Balancing Dilemmas in Northern Europe, ed. C. A. Larsen (Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022).11 Enemark, Li, and Buchardt, “Education policies”, 5.12 Ibid., 21.13 L. Chouliaraki, “Pædagogikkens sociale logik: En introduktion til Basil Bernsteins uddannelsessociologi” [Pedagogy’s Social Logic: An Introduction to Basil Bernstein’s Sociology of Education], in Basil Bernstein: Pædagogik, diskurs og magt, ed. L. Chouliaraki and M. Bayer (Akademisk, 2001), 26–69; B. Bernstein, The Social Construction of Pedagogic Discourse. Class, Codes and Control vol. IV (Routledge, 2003), 168‒218; and P. Singh, S. Thomas, and J. Harris, “Recontextualising policy discourses: A Bernsteinian perspective on policy interpretation, translation, enactment”, Journal of Education Policy 28, no. 4 (2013): 465–80.14 J. A. Secord, “Knowledge in transit”, Isis 95, no. 4 (2004): 654–72; Östling et al., Histories of Knowledge.15 J. W. Kingdon, Agendas, Alternatives, and Public Policies (New York: Longman, 1995).16 Ibid., 165.17 Béland, “Ideas and Social Policy”; D. Béland and M. Howlett, “How Solutions Chase Problems: Instrument Constituencies in the Policy Process”, Governance 29, no. 3 (2016): 393–409; and P. Rawat et al., “Kingdon’s ‘Streams’ Model at Thirty: Still Relevant in the 21st Century?”, Politics & Policy 44, no. 4 (2016): 608–38.18 Östling et al., Histories of Knowledge, bk. 115.19 Singh et al., “Recontextualising”.20 Östling et al., Histories of Knowledge.21 Kingdon, Agendas.22 Kingdon distinguishes between conditions and problems of which only the latter can be solved. This article regards the “problem stream” as represented through the article’s overarching dilemma: how to handle the group of migrant pupils in a welfare state with an inherent ideology of equality (H. V. Jønsson, “In the Borderland of the Welfare State: Danish Integration Policy – the early Years 1967–1983”, in Welfare Citizenship and Welfare Nationalism, ed. A. M. Suszycki (Helsinki: Nordic Centre of Excellence NordWel, 2013), 240).23 Kingdon, Agendas, 166‒7.24 J. H. Li and N. R. Enemark, “Educating to belong: Policy and practice of mother-tongue instruction for migrant students in the Danish welfare state”, European Educational Research Journal (2021), 14749041211054952.25 I. M. Clausen, “Undervisning af indvandrerelever i folkeskolen: Lovgrundlag og problemer” [Schooling of Immigrant Pupils in the Comprehensive School: Legislative Foundation and Problems], in Dansk som fremmedsprog, eds. G. Gabrielsen and J. Gimbel (Lærerforeningernes Materialeudvalg, 1982), 23–49; Buchardt, Kulturforklaring; and B. S. Kristjánsdóttir, Evas skjulte børn: Diskurser om tosprogede elever i det danske nationalcurriculum [Eva’s hidden children: Discourses on bilingual pupils in the Danish national curriculum] (Institut for Pædagogisk Antropologi, Danmarks Pædagogiske Universitet, 2006).26 Buchardt, “The ‘Culture’”.27 Kristjánsdóttir, Evas skjulte børn, 154.28 In contemporary literature, “The Copenhagen model” (Københavnermodellen) denotes a dispersion model for migrant pupils. See G. H. Jacobsen, Lighed gennem særbehandling? Heldagsskoler og spredning som ekspliciteret særbehandling af etniske minoritetsbørn og udtryk for aktuelle tendenser [Equality through special treatment? Magnet schools and dispersion as explicit special treatment of ethnic minority children and an expression of contemporary tendencies] (Faculty of Humanities, University of Copenhagen, 2012), 81.29 See note 5 above.30 M. Padovan-Özdemir and B. Moldenhawer, “Making precarious immigrant families and weaving the Danish welfare nation-state fabric 1970–2010”, Race Ethnicity and Education 20, no. 6 (2017): 723–36.31 L. Jørgensen, Hvad sagde vi! – om “De andre”: Den udlændingepolitiske debat i Folketinget 1961–1999 [What did we say! – about “The others”: The immigration political debate in Parliament 1961–1999] (RUC, Institut for Historie og Samfundsforhold, 2006).32 Padovan-Özdemir and Moldenhawer, “Making precarious immigrant families”; and E. Odde, Fremmedsprogede elever i danske skoler [Foreign Language Pupils in Danish schools] (Lærerforeningernes materialeudvalg, 1974).33 H. V. Jønsson, “Immigrant Policy Developing in Copenhagen and Ishøj in the 1970s”, Scandinavian Journal of History 38, no. 5 (2013): 590‒611.34 See note 5 above.35 Jørgensen, Hvad sagde vi!, 100.36 Jønsson, “In the Borderland”.37 B. Rahbek and T. Skutnabb-Kangas, God, bedre, dansk? : Om indvandrerbørns integration i Danmark [Good, better, Danish? On immigrant children’s integration in Denmark], 1st ed. (Børn & Unge, 1983).38 Her opinion piece in Politiken (Danish newspaper) was cited four days after the piece came out in a written question to Minister of Social Affairs Eva Gredal (S): Parliamentary debate summary, 23 December 1971, Question by MP Kristine Heltberg (SF). Available at: www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19711/salen/m35/19711_m35_referat.pdf; and K. Andersen, “Næppe støtte til fremmedarbejderblad” [Unlikely there is Support for the Foreign Workers’ Magazine], Politiken, 19 December 1971. For more on this debate, see Kristjánsdóttir, Evas skjulte børn, 194‒200.39 S. Waast et al., Allah i Danmark [Allah in Denmark] (Skoleradio/TV, DR, 1981).40 Buchardt, Kulturforklaring, 33‒4.41 Kristjánsdóttir, Evas skjulte børn.42 Buchardt, Kulturforklaring, 45‒6.43 Gabrielsen and Gimbel, Dansk som fremmedsprog.44 Buchardt, Kulturforklaring, 33‒4.45 Jørgensen, Hvad sagde vi!46 C. Horst, Interkulturel pædagogik [Intercultural Pedagogy] (Vejle: Kroghs Forlag, 2003); and Jørgensen, Hvad sagde vi!47 Kristjánsdóttir, Evas skjulte børn, 269.48 Parliamentary debate summary, Inquiry on the immigrants’ family situation, comments by Steen Folke (VS), Mimi Jacobsen (CD), Ebba Strange (SF), 20 November 1979, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19792/salen/m10/19792_m10_referat.pdf.49 By e.g. Brixtofte (V) and Lis Starcke (DR) on the Aalborg approach, Steen Folke (VS). Parliamentary debate summary, 20 November 1979, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19792/salen/m10/19792_m10_referat.pdf.50 With the notable exception of Fremskridtspartiet [The Progress Party]. Center and left-wing parties offered broad support, e.g. parliamentary debate summary, 20 November 1980, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19801/salen/m25/19801_m25_referat.pdf, and parliamentary debate summary, 11 November 1981, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19811/salen/m23/19811_m23_referat.pdf.51 Parliamentary debate summary, comment by MoE Dorte Bennedsen, 20 November 1980, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19801/salen/m25/19801_m25_referat.pdf.52 Parliamentary debate summary, comment by MoE Dorte Bennedsen, 20 November 1980, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19801/salen/m25/19801_m25_referat.pdf.53 For more on this debate, see Kristjánsdóttir, Evas skjulte børn, 194‒200; A. Ahmad and J. Blum, “Indvandrerbørn og deres undervisning i Danmark” [Immigrant Children and their Schooling in Denmark], Dansk pædagogisk Tidsskrift 29, no. 6 (1981): 247–50; B. Rahbek, “Da arbejdskraften blev til mennesker” [When the Labour became People], Dansk pædagogisk Tidsskrift 28, no. 7 (1980); and B. Søndergaard, “Hvornår bør andetsproget indføres i en bilingual skole?” [When Should the Second Language be Introduced in a Bilingual School?], Dansk pædagogisk Tidsskrift 29, no. 6 (1981): 229–34.54 See note 41 above.55 J. Blum, “Indvandrerne og deres børn” [The Immigrants and their Children], Dansk pædagogisk Tidsskrift 29, no. 5 (1981): 205–6; Buchardt, Kulturforklaring; and Rahbek Pedersen, “Da arbejdskraften blev til mennesker”.56 Ahmad and Blum, “Indvandrerbørn”.57 Ibid., 250.58 Ibid.59 Ahmad and Blum, “Slutreplik”, 255.60 Rahbek and Skutnabb-Kangas, God, bedre, dansk?; J. Gimbel, Undervisning af tyrkiske elever i Køge Kommune [Schooling of Turkish Pupils in Køge Municipality] (Danmarks Lærerhøjskole, 1994); and Kristjánsdóttir, Evas skjulte børn.61 B. Moldenhawer, “Skolen – en nøgle til integration af etniske minoritetsbørn?” [The School – A Key to Integration of Ethnic Minority Children?] (AMID, Institut for Historie, Internationale Studier og Samfundsforhold, Aalborg: Universitet, 2002).62 K. Just Jeppesen, “Skolen – en nøgle til integration” [The School – A Key to Integration] (Socialforskningsinstituttet: De Fremmede i Danmark, 1993), 3; and Moldenhawer, “Skolen”.63 Moldenhawer, “School”, 4.64 Danske kommuner [Danish Municipalities] no. 21, 14 October (1981): 24‒8.65 It appeared to be similar to the “dual classes” approach.66 It is unclear whether Asbjerg was the consultant in question, and Asbjerg did not talk of this approach.67 Danmarks Lærerhøjskole, now Danmarks Pædagogiske Universitet (Danish School of Education).68 Danske kommuner, 27.69 Ibid., 28‒31.70 The longer school day was later implemented through first the so-called “magnet schools” and later nationally implemented with the 2014 School Reform. In 2019, legislation came into effect which made it mandatory for 1-year-old children in disadvantaged neighbourhoods to attend daycare at least 25 hours a week.71 See note 5 above.72 Li and Enemark, “Educating to belong”.73 Jørgensen, “The Diverging Logics”.74 Parliamentary debate summary, comments by Bertel Haarder, 17 March 1988, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19871/salen/m67/19871_m67_referat.pdf.75 Parliamentary debate summary, comment by MoE Dorte Bennedsen, 20 November 1980, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19801/salen/m25/19801_m25_referat.pdf.76 Parliamentary debate summary, comments by Bertel Haarder, 17 March 1988, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19871/salen/m67/19871_m67_referat.pdf.77 Note how government coalition party Venstre wanted less national legislation/more decentralisation. Parliamentary debate summary, 17 March 1988, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19871/salen/m67/19871_m67_referat.pdf.78 Parliamentary debate summary, 17 March 1988, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19871/salen/m67/19871_m67_referat.pdf, and Parliamentary debate summary, 3 May 1989, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19881/salen/m82/19881_m82_referat.pdf.79 Moldenhawer, “Skolen”; and Padovan-Özdemir and Moldenhawer, “Making precarious immigrant families”.80 Buchardt, Kulturforklaring; Kristjánsdóttir, Evas skjulte børn; and T. Øland et al., Statecrafting on the Fringes: Studies of Welfare Work Addressing the Other (Museum Tusculanum Press, 2019).81 Coninck-Smith et al., Da skolen blev alles.82 Clausen, “Undervisning af indvandrerelever”, 23–49.83 Gimbel, “Undervisning af tyrkiske elever”; J. N. Jørgensen, “Bilingualism in the Køge Project”, International Journal of Bilingualism 7, no. 4 (2003): 333–52; and Coninck-Smith et al., Da skolen blev alles.84 A Danish and a Turkish mother-tongue class gradually becoming one over the course of a few grades.85 B. Moldenhawer and M. I. Clausen, Dig & Mig & Vi To – evaluering af tokulturelle klasser [You & Me & the Two of Us – Evaluation of Two-cultural Classes] (Enghøjskolen, Hvidovre. Pædagogisk Central i Hvidovre, Hvidovre Kommune, 1993) [Pedagogical Central in Hvidovre, Hvidovre Municipality].86 B. Kristjánsdóttir, L. Timm, and K. Schalburg, Bæredygtig skoleudvikling: Samtaler med Kirsten Schalburg [Sustainable School Development: Conversations with Kirsten Schalburg] (Dansklærerforeningen, 2014) [Danish Teachers’ Union]; and Enemark (forthcoming).87 J. N. Jørgensen, LANGUAGING: Nine Years of Poly-Lingual Development of Young Turkish-Danish Grade School Students (Copenhagen Studies in Bilingualism, The Køge Series, vol. K15, 2008).88 Just Jeppesen, “Skolen”.89 J. N. Jørgensen and C. Horst, Et flerkulturelt Danmark: Perspektiver på sociolingvistik, sprogpædagogik, dansk som andetsprog: Festskrift til Jørgen Gimbel [A Multicultural Denmark: Perspectives on Sociolinguistics, Language Pedagogy, Danish as a Second Language: A Tribute to Jørgen Gimbel] (Danmarks: Lærerhøjskole, 1995).90 Gabrielsen and Gimbel, Dansk som fremmedsprog, 1.91 Clausen, “Undervisning af indvandrerelever”, 30.92 Gimbel, Undervisning af tyrkiske elever.93 Motion for a Resolution on Foreign Language Pupils in the Danish School System [Forslag til folketingsbeslutning om indpasning af fremmedsprogede børn i det danske skolesystem], 29 March 1995, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19941/beslutningsforslag/B89/19941_B89_BEH1_M69_referat.pdf.94 Parliamentary debate summary, comments by particularly Frank Dahlgaard (KF), 29 March 1995, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19941/salen/m69/19941_m69_referat.pdf, and, surprisingly, national classes as a means of “centering the expertise” suggested by Pia Kjærsgaard (DF), parliamentary debate summary, 8 February 1995, question to the minister by Pia Kjærsgaard (DF). Available at: www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19941/salen/m51/19941_m51_referat.pdf. For more on local dispersion policy and its effect in general, see Jacobsen, Lighed gennem særbehandling.95 Parliamentary debate summary, 19 May 1993, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19921/salen/m76/19921_m76_referat.pdf, and Parliamentary debate summary, 24 November 1992, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19921/salen/m19/19921_m19_referat.pdf.96 Parliamentary debate summary, comment by Birthe Weiss (S), 24 April 1991, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19902/salen/m51/19902_m51_referat.pdf.97 Parliamentary debate summary, comment by Bruno Jerup (EL), 5 November 1997, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19971/salen/m12/19971_m12_referat.pdf.98 Parliamentary debate summary, comment by Anne Baastrup (SF), 5 November 1997, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19971/salen/m12/19971_m12_referat.pdf.99 Parliamentary debate summary, comment by Hans Peter Baadsgaard (S), 5 November 1997, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19971/salen/m12/19971_m12_referat.pdf.100 Parliamentary debate summary, comment by Henning Urup (V), 5 November 1997, www.folketingstidende.dk/samling/19971/salen/m12/19971_m12_referat.pdf.101 Moldenhawer, “Skolen”.102 Gimbel, Undervisning af tyrkiske elever i Køge Kommune.103 Gimbel, Undervisning af tyrkiske elever, 5; and J. Gimbel, A. Holmen, and J. Normann Jørgensen, “Det bedste Københavns Kommune har foretaget sig hidtil”: Beskrivelse og evaluering af sproggruppeforsøg i skoledistrikterne 6 og 12 i Københavns Kommunes Skolevæsen 1996–99 [“The best Copenhagen Municipality has done so far”: Description and evaluation of language group experiments in the districts 6 and 12 in Copenhagen Municipality School Administration 1996–1999] (Københavns Kommune, 2000).104 Gimbel, Holmen, and Normann Jørgensen, “Det bedste Københavns Kommune har foretaget sig”.105 Just Jeppesen, “Skolen”, 37.106 Béland, “Ideas and Social Policy”.107 See note 101 above.108 Å. Lundqvist and K. Petersen, In Experts We Trust: Knowledge, Politics and Bureaucracy in Nordic Welfare States, 1st ed. (Southern Denmark: University Press, 2010).109 Jacobsen, Lighed gennem særbehandling; Li and Enemark, “Educating to belong”; and Enemark, Li, and Buchardt, “Education policies”.110 M. Buchardt, “Schooling the Muslim Family: The Danish School System, Foreign Workers, and Their Children from the 1970s to the Early 1990s”, in Families, Values, and the Transfer of Knowledge in Northern Societies, 1500–2000, ed. U. Aatsinki, J. Annola, and M. Kaarninen (Routledge, 2019), 283–300; L. M. Daugaard, Sproglig praksis i og omkring modersmålsundervisning: En lingvistisk etnografisk undersøgelse [Linguistic practice in and around mother tongue instruction: A linguistic ethnographic study] (Aarhus: Universitet, 2015); C. Horst, På ulige fod: Etniske minoritetsbørn som et skoleeksempel [On uneven footing: Ethnic minority children as a school example] (Aarhus: Universitetsforlag, 2017); Jacobsen, Lighed gennem særbehandling; and Jørgensen and Horst, Et flerkulturelt Danmark; Kristjánsdóttir, Uddannelsespolitik i nationalismens tegn [Education politics in the name of nationalism] (Aarhus: Universitetsforlag, 2018); and L. Salö et al., “Mother Tongue Instruction in Sweden and Denmark. Language Policy, Cross-Field Effects, and Linguistic Exchange Rates”, Language Policy 17 (2018): 591–610.111 G. Myrberg, “Local Challenges and National Concerns: Municipal Level Responses To National Refugee Settlement Policies in Denmark and Sweden”, International Review of Administrative Sciences 83, no. 2 (2017): 322–39.Additional informationNotes on contributorsNanna Ramsing EnemarkNanna Ramsing Enemark is a PhD fellow in Education Policy Research at the Centre for Education Policy Research (CfU), Aalborg University, Denmark. She is trained in education science and political science from Aalborg University (BA, MA) and specializes in welfare state studies, migration and education policy history and comparative education.Mette BuchardtMette Buchardt is a Professor and Head of Centre for Education Policy Research (CfU), Aalborg University, Denmark. Her research comprises the interdisciplinary field of education policy history and welfare state history, including education- and social reform in the European states, e.g. modernization and secularization, and the influence of migration on welfare state development historically and at present.	[ { "display_name": "Paedagogica Historica", "id": "https://openalex.org/S194633539", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W3034819683	Refinancing the Rentier State: Welfare, Inequality, and Citizen Preferences toward Fiscal Reform in the Gulf Oil Monarchies	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Justin Gengler", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5033157022" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Bethany Shockley", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5000566524" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Michael Ewers", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5090428255" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Subsidy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C84265765" }, { "display_name": "Excludability", "id": "https://openalex.org/C98343932" }, { "display_name": "Inequality", "id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Public good", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162222271" }, { "display_name": "Public economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100001284" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "Microeconomics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C175444787" }, { "display_name": "Mathematical analysis", "id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372" }, { "display_name": "Mathematics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" } ]	[ "Qatar" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3034819683	Against the backdrop of fiscal reform efforts in Middle East oil producers, this article proposes a general framework for understanding how citizens relate to welfare benefits in the rentier state and then tests some observable implications using original survey data from the quintessential rentier state of Qatar. Using two novel choice experiments, we ask Qataris to choose between competing forms of economic subsidies and state spending, producing a clear and reliable ordering of welfare priorities. Expectations derived from the experiments about the individual-level determinants of rentier reform preferences are then tested using data from a follow-up survey. Findings demonstrate the importance of non-excludable public goods, rather than private patronage, for upholding the rentier bargain.	[ { "display_name": "Comparative politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/S2764871768", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W4379013745	Sharing citizenship: economic competition, cultural threat, and immigration preferences in the rentier state	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United Arab Emirates", "display_name": "American University of Sharjah", "id": "https://openalex.org/I199440890", "lat": 25.311972, "long": 55.492702, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Bethany Shockley", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5000566524" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Qatar", "display_name": "Qatar University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I60342839", "lat": 25.377226, "long": 51.48715, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Justin Gengler", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5033157022" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Citizenship", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780781376" }, { "display_name": "Immigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468" }, { "display_name": "Government (linguistics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410" }, { "display_name": "Competition (biology)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C91306197" }, { "display_name": "Ethnic group", "id": "https://openalex.org/C137403100" }, { "display_name": "Odds", "id": "https://openalex.org/C143095724" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Order (exchange)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C182306322" }, { "display_name": "Identity (music)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778355321" }, { "display_name": "Survey data collection", "id": "https://openalex.org/C198477413" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Social psychology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123" }, { "display_name": "Public economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100001284" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Psychology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967" }, { "display_name": "Logistic regression", "id": "https://openalex.org/C151956035" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" }, { "display_name": "Mathematics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Ecology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297" }, { "display_name": "Linguistics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Acoustics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C24890656" }, { "display_name": "Biology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240" }, { "display_name": "Internal medicine", "id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002" }, { "display_name": "Medicine", "id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100" }, { "display_name": "Statistics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698" }, { "display_name": "Physics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964" }, { "display_name": "Finance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342" } ]	[ "Qatar" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W90075302", "https://openalex.org/W1232344902", "https://openalex.org/W1489317347", "https://openalex.org/W1930197664", "https://openalex.org/W1977699187", "https://openalex.org/W1990601021", "https://openalex.org/W2010398643", "https://openalex.org/W2032098467", "https://openalex.org/W2046950242", "https://openalex.org/W2052680788", "https://openalex.org/W2054787653", "https://openalex.org/W2056802845", "https://openalex.org/W2057987167", "https://openalex.org/W2113432617", "https://openalex.org/W2113541125", "https://openalex.org/W2114991554", "https://openalex.org/W2115590279", "https://openalex.org/W2121945759", "https://openalex.org/W2123621480", "https://openalex.org/W2124727181", "https://openalex.org/W2126726094", "https://openalex.org/W2129405719", "https://openalex.org/W2134511983", "https://openalex.org/W2136739130", "https://openalex.org/W2136742656", "https://openalex.org/W2142607661", "https://openalex.org/W2159890331", "https://openalex.org/W2166061111", "https://openalex.org/W2167121898", "https://openalex.org/W2172004687", "https://openalex.org/W2319406835", "https://openalex.org/W2320616603", "https://openalex.org/W2334895743", "https://openalex.org/W2340997748", "https://openalex.org/W2341751430", "https://openalex.org/W2408857337", "https://openalex.org/W2478110101", "https://openalex.org/W2745098867", "https://openalex.org/W2763524440", "https://openalex.org/W2805358482", "https://openalex.org/W2983071259", "https://openalex.org/W3021044224", "https://openalex.org/W3031653458", "https://openalex.org/W3083909958", "https://openalex.org/W3110256613", "https://openalex.org/W3121774280", "https://openalex.org/W3122378940", "https://openalex.org/W3125274170", "https://openalex.org/W3126990002", "https://openalex.org/W4213388807", "https://openalex.org/W4230787203", "https://openalex.org/W4250370732", "https://openalex.org/W4379032325" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4379013745	Abstract This paper proposes a framework of immigrant acceptance that accounts for both group-level and individual-level characteristics and conducts a novel test of the cultural threat hypothesis. Immigrants’ individual traits are conceptualized as secondary to their identity-based claims. The empirical strategy leverages a set of survey experiments conducted in the extreme rentier state of Qatar, where naturalization poses tangible negative financial consequences for citizens by expanding the pool of government welfare beneficiaries. Findings demonstrate that citizens are willing to share citizenship with a narrow ethnic in-group while individual cultural and economic attributes are lower-order determinants influencing economically vulnerable citizens. Importantly, answers to direct survey measures are at odds with these findings, demonstrating their susceptibility to social desirability bias.	[ { "display_name": "Political Science Research and Methods", "id": "https://openalex.org/S2764571748", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W3184989115	Political reforms in Qatar ; from authoritarianism to political grey zone / ; Cihat Battaloğlu.	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Cihat Battaloğlu", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5004674682" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Authoritarianism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C68346564" }, { "display_name": "Ideology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C158071213" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Democracy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C555826173" }, { "display_name": "Ruler", "id": "https://openalex.org/C165743212" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Normative", "id": "https://openalex.org/C44725695" }, { "display_name": "Political structure", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777482191" }, { "display_name": "Political system", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2781046721" }, { "display_name": "Economic system", "id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Physics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964" }, { "display_name": "Quantum mechanics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636" } ]	[ "Qatar" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3184989115	La 4e de couv. indique : In the past decade, Qatar has emerged as one of the world's most proactive mediators in the international arena. It has also experienced a number of domestic changes to its economic infrastructure, welfare system and political system, along with material improvement in its citizens' standard of living. Nonetheless, despite such radical and rapid advances, political reform in Qatar has proved to be relatively tentative. This book examines political reforms in Qatar from an analytical, normative, ideological and empirical perspective. It applies the main concepts and theories found in the literature on democratic transition. The book also presents different aspects of political reform in Qatar, including those prior to the formation of the state. Five elements are discussed as the reason of why the political reform process in Qatar has stagnated in the political Grey Zone: Absolute power of the ruler over the political institutions; tribal social structure in Qatar; rentier style social contract; lack of public demand for reforms and politically apathetic society; new regional and international atmosphere, emerging after Arab Spring.	[]
https://openalex.org/W192963813	Inside the Labor-Sending State: The Role of Frontline Welfare Bureaucrats and Informal Migration Governance in Qatar	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Malit", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5071893286" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "T Froilan", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5002471646" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Agency (philosophy)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C108170787" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Emigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C104151175" }, { "display_name": "Corporate governance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C39389867" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Business", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Economic growth", "id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Social science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C36289849" }, { "display_name": "Finance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342" } ]	[ "Qatar" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W58297374", "https://openalex.org/W199223231", "https://openalex.org/W206158256", "https://openalex.org/W596414907", "https://openalex.org/W600263488", "https://openalex.org/W1822386074", "https://openalex.org/W1972238823", "https://openalex.org/W1972994249", "https://openalex.org/W1987555878", "https://openalex.org/W2012275303", "https://openalex.org/W2021016550", "https://openalex.org/W2058869603", "https://openalex.org/W2072521631", "https://openalex.org/W2104507728", "https://openalex.org/W2121393013", "https://openalex.org/W2166058369", "https://openalex.org/W2169819095", "https://openalex.org/W2329122077", "https://openalex.org/W2329574499", "https://openalex.org/W2333269005", "https://openalex.org/W2801524361", "https://openalex.org/W3122203039", "https://openalex.org/W3122412321" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W192963813	Since the 1970s, many labor-sending countries (LSCs) like the Philippines have increasingly faced a policy dilemma between protecting their citizens’ labor rights and maintaining labor market access in the Arab Gulf region. To address such constraint, many LSCs have increasingly developed emigration policies and institutions to protect and promote workers’ rights. This paper examines how and why labor-sending countries influence their emigration policies, particularly in the case of Qatar. Based on 45 in-depth qualitative interviews between 2011 and 2012 with labor diplomats, domestic workers, and labor rights leaders in Qatar, I find that despite the absence of legal protection mechanisms, frontline welfare bureaucrats have influenced Philippine emigration policies and the Kafala Sponsorship program. Three informal governance practices have been identified—labor mediation program, 48 hour ban policy (“burden-sharing” strategies), and informal diplomacy network (“burden-shifting” strategy)—which appeared to have enabled frontline welfare bureaucrats to mitigate domestic workers’ cases within the Qatari labor market. These informal policymaking practices have not only reinforced frontline welfare bureaucrats’ capacity to rule but also their abilities to cultivate relationships, power, and conflicts that determine policy outcomes. These empirical findings particularly contribute to the larger theoretical debates on the role of state in international migration by shifting the discourse to the human agency of the state (mainly of state bureaucrats) to understand how laborsending countries determine policy outcomes in the host countries.	[]
https://openalex.org/W2411024539	Migrant Labour in the Gulf	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United States", "display_name": "Rice University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I74775410", "lat": 29.76328, "long": -95.36327, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Kristian Coates Ulrichsen", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5026146140" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Workforce", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778139618" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Population", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359" }, { "display_name": "Geography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566" }, { "display_name": "Demographic economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254" }, { "display_name": "Economic growth", "id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Demography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" } ]	[ "Qatar", "Saudi Arabia", "Oman" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W1575664950", "https://openalex.org/W1914331154", "https://openalex.org/W1990601021", "https://openalex.org/W2002588199", "https://openalex.org/W2021408169", "https://openalex.org/W2023431409", "https://openalex.org/W2032073882", "https://openalex.org/W2134166919", "https://openalex.org/W3119552190", "https://openalex.org/W4211262943", "https://openalex.org/W4246285875", "https://openalex.org/W4252842194" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2411024539	This chapter explores how the Gulf States developed into the largest recipients of inward labour migration, primarily from the Global South, in the world. It examines how the rise of dual labour markets, split between public/private sectors and citizens/expatriates, is linked inextricably to the political economy of the redistributive welfare state models that developed with the oil era. This has created a segmented workforce with pronounced hierarchies among both the citizen population and the foreign communities that make up the contemporary demographic pyramid in the Gulf. Although the scale of the demographic imbalance varies considerably across the six Gulf States, with Oman and Saudi Arabia having the lowest proportion of non-nationals and Qatar and the UAE the highest, they share certain characteristics in common. These include the hard truth that many of the region’s ‘mega-projects’ and development plans would likely not have been possible without the ‘cheap and transitory labour power’ of migrant workers.1	[ { "display_name": "Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463716", "type": "ebook platform" } ]
https://openalex.org/W244246091	Roots of Civic Identity	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Miranda Yates", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5046022496" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "James Youniss", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5010584429" } ]	[ { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Globe", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2775899829" }, { "display_name": "Ideology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C158071213" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Democracy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C555826173" }, { "display_name": "Identity (music)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778355321" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Gender studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/C107993555" }, { "display_name": "Public administration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Medicine", "id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100" }, { "display_name": "Physics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Acoustics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C24890656" }, { "display_name": "Ophthalmology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C118487528" } ]	[ "Palestine", "State of Palestine" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W244246091	Miranda Yates and James Youniss have brought together an international collection of essays that describe the state of community participation among the world's youth. Authors from around the globe use empirical data to present portraits of youth constructing their civic identities through such means as community service. Youth seek to resolve ideological tensions, such as in Northern Ireland and Palestine; to overcome corrupting political practices, such as in Italy and Taiwan; to deal with disillusionment, such as in Palestine and the emerging Eastern European nations; and to bridge barriers against youth's meaningful participation in the working of society, such as in Canada and Japan. Special conditions, such as the diminution of the welfare state, for instance, in former West Germany, and the rapid turn towards democracy in former East Germany offer insight into the process through which youth try to establish meaningful person-state relationships.	[ { "display_name": "Cambridge University Press eBooks", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306462995", "type": "ebook platform" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2088731109	Policy paradigms and the dynamics of the welfare state: the Israeli welfare state and the Zionist colonial project	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Israel", "display_name": "Hebrew University of Jerusalem", "id": "https://openalex.org/I197251160", "lat": 31.76904, "long": 35.21633, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Zeev Rosenhek", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5085961289" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Immigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Judaism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C150152722" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Colonialism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C531593650" }, { "display_name": "Welfare reform", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777022163" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Public administration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Geography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164" }, { "display_name": "Archaeology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Palestine", "State of Palestine" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W4371184", "https://openalex.org/W4244020777" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2088731109	Explains the development of Israel’s welfare state, concentrating on the labour exchange system and housing. Links the development of the Zionist welfare state to economic and political conditions, in particular state‐building and the management of the Palestinian community within the state. Refers to literature on policy paradigms. Notes the stable institutional infrastructures developed by the Jewish community in Palestine and the Zionist labour movement, which led to an embryonic welfare state. Recounts the development of the labour exchange process and the public housing policy, describing how the policies reinforced statehood – settling immigrants into areas where Jewish presence needed strengthening and, at first, largely excluding the Palestinian community from access to housing and the labour process. Points out that, over time, the exclusion of Palestinians became unrealistic. Concludes that Israel’s welfare state was determined by political conditions of developing statehood – most importantly the exodus of Palestinians and the influx of Jewish immigrants.	[ { "display_name": "International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy", "id": "https://openalex.org/S84394799", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W4205767342	The Impoverished	[]	[ { "display_name": "Judaism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C150152722" }, { "display_name": "Jewish state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776769304" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Progressivism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777533384" }, { "display_name": "Ideology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C158071213" }, { "display_name": "Poor relief", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780456498" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Public administration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Narrative", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199033989" }, { "display_name": "Work (physics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C18762648" }, { "display_name": "Economic history", "id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "History", "id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Poverty", "id": "https://openalex.org/C189326681" }, { "display_name": "Engineering", "id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603" }, { "display_name": "Art", "id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112" }, { "display_name": "Archaeology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645" }, { "display_name": "Mechanical engineering", "id": "https://openalex.org/C78519656" }, { "display_name": "Literature", "id": "https://openalex.org/C124952713" } ]	[ "Palestine", "State of Palestine" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4205767342	The culmination of an ambitious and unique campaign to make humanitarianism self-sufficient, comprehensive reconstruction work became the focus of and heir to all previous international Jewish social welfare work. This chapter considers this humanitarian response to Jewish impoverishment as a result of war. Superimposing American wealth and Progressivism onto long-standing Jewish self-help ideology, prewar vocational training, housing construction, and agricultural colonization were revived and expanded, especially in the Soviet Union. Crucially, this involved the creation of two American-Western European foundations to foster Jewish microlending and cooperative systems in Eastern Europe and Palestine. Jewish reconstruction sat somewhere between state social welfare and international development. The crash of 1929 made economic relief the primary form of Jewish relief and serves as an endpoint to the narrative.	[]
https://openalex.org/W4386924792	Transnational dynamics of family reunification: reassembling social work with refugees in Belgium	[]	[ { "display_name": "Family reunification", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2775989988" }, { "display_name": "Refugee", "id": "https://openalex.org/C173145845" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Dynamics (music)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C145912823" }, { "display_name": "Gender studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/C107993555" }, { "display_name": "Social dynamics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C67469775" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Social science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C36289849" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Immigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468" }, { "display_name": "Pedagogy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C19417346" } ]	[ "Palestine", "State of Palestine", "Syria", "Somalia", "Iraq" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4386924792	How do transnational dynamics of family reunification impact social work? This chapter focuses on the transnational dynamics of family reunification. We specifically look at the lifeworld-dynamics of family relations beyond boundaries and parenting at a distance, but also at the ways in which both families and social workers deal with politically fabricated institutional and legal boundaries. Based on 30 in-depth interviews with refugee families from Afghanistan, Eritrea, Iraq, Palestine, Somalia and Syria as well as 35 in-depth interviews with (in)formal social workers in Belgium, we analyse the impact of separation and reunification on family dynamics before, during and after the application for family reunification. We also explore how Belgian social workers deal with transnational issues pertaining to family reunification. Accompanying families throughout processes of family reunification challenges social workers to transcend the boundaries that underpin their work as agents within the national welfare state. Relationships between subjects of social work are increasingly exceeding state boundaries and moving ‘in between’ borders. Consequently, we argue that social work needs to be reassembled to fit this transnational reality and position itself within a transnational assemblage of power.	[ { "display_name": "Policy Press eBooks", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463762", "type": "ebook platform" } ]
https://openalex.org/W247070792	"The environment as a cause of disease in children": Josef Friedjung's transnational influence on modern child welfare theory.	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United States", "display_name": "Hunter College", "id": "https://openalex.org/I39694355", "lat": 40.71427, "long": -74.00597, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Elizabeth Ann Danto", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5090651384" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Context (archaeology)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474" }, { "display_name": "Argument (complex analysis)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C98184364" }, { "display_name": "Ideology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C158071213" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Originality", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776950860" }, { "display_name": "German", "id": "https://openalex.org/C154775046" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Magnum opus", "id": "https://openalex.org/C57869631" }, { "display_name": "Nazism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C5616717" }, { "display_name": "Refugee", "id": "https://openalex.org/C173145845" }, { "display_name": "Gender studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/C107993555" }, { "display_name": "Psychoanalysis", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11171543" }, { "display_name": "Medicine", "id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100" }, { "display_name": "History", "id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728" }, { "display_name": "Social science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C36289849" }, { "display_name": "Psychology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Literature", "id": "https://openalex.org/C124952713" }, { "display_name": "Art", "id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112" }, { "display_name": "Qualitative research", "id": "https://openalex.org/C190248442" }, { "display_name": "Archaeology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645" }, { "display_name": "Internal medicine", "id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002" } ]	[ "Palestine", "State of Palestine" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W247070792	Josef K. Friedjung's Advanced Pediatrics--A Companion to Traditional Textbooks (Erlebte Kinderheilkunde--eine Ergänzung er gebräuchlichen Lehrbucher), published in 1919 in Vienna, has cast a long but nearly-vanished shadow over modern child welfare theory. The originality of his focus on "the whole child" was in some ways a commentary on Sigmund Freud, but its overtly progressive political character gave Friedjung's argument visible applicability within the field of urban social welfare. As a pediatrician and an ardent cosmopolitan, Friedjung was willing to consider conflicting values between traditional family systems and the state. Had the Nazis not forced him into exile in Palestine, where he died in 1946, Friedjung's pioneering oeuvre would have joined our child welfare narrative long ago. Fortunately today archival evidence on which this study draws, fragmented as it is in both German and English, does confirm that the first and second generation psychoanalysts, Friedjung among them, built a mental health movement around a social justice core closely allied to the cultural context of central Europe from 1918 to 1933. In many ways, child welfare as we know it emerged as a practical implementation of that ideology.	[ { "display_name": "PubMed", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W4243234409	Property Rights	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Harold Demsetz", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5085753421" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Communism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C542948173" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Socialism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C501299471" }, { "display_name": "Private property", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777538416" }, { "display_name": "Property rights", "id": "https://openalex.org/C86511162" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566" }, { "display_name": "World War II", "id": "https://openalex.org/C137355542" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Planned economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C177002080" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Economic history", "id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "West Bank" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W1976795907", "https://openalex.org/W2015930340", "https://openalex.org/W3142221335", "https://openalex.org/W4230979006", "https://openalex.org/W4246223421" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4243234409	Beginning about 1850 and continuing for seventy years, the major economies of the world turned increasingly to private property arrangements and free trade. Even Czarist Russia westernized its economy. Observable erosion in this trend began during the First World War, although underlying causes began somewhat earlier in various political movements. Thus, in the late years of the nineteenth century in the United States, partly as a result of populist political pressures, laws regulating railroads, banks and insurance companies were adopted, as was the Sherman Antitrust Act. In Europe and Britain the welfare state emerged, and Russia, in 1917, trembled through its communist revolution, an experience that was to shape its economy for seven decades. Most economies in the world joined the shift toward socialism or communism during the ensuing seventy-year period. Then, toward the end of the 1980s, social organization began to swing back toward private property arrangements, especially in Central and East Europe but also in the West and in parts of the Pacific region.	[ { "display_name": "Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463716", "type": "ebook platform" } ]
https://openalex.org/W1974787705	FINANCE AND WELFARE: THE IMPACT OF TWO WORLD WARS ON DOMESTIC POLICY IN FRANCE	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United Kingdom", "display_name": "University of Westminster", "id": "https://openalex.org/I94951947", "lat": 51.522022, "long": -0.154609, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Frances M. B. Lynch", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5021868853" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Economic history", "id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Historiography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C29598333" }, { "display_name": "Democracy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C555826173" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "History", "id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "West Bank" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1974787705	Fathers, families, and the state in France, 1914–1945 . By Kristen Stromberg Childers. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2003. Pp. 261. ISBN 0-8014-4122-6. £23.95. Origins of the French welfare state: the struggle for social reform in France, 1914–1947 . By Paul V. Dutton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Pp. 251. ISBN 0-521-81334-4. £49.99. Britain, France, and the financing of the First World War . By Martin Horn. Montreal and Kingston: McGill – Queen's University Press, 2002. Pp. 249. ISBN 0-7735-2293- X . £65.00. The gold standard illusion: France, the Bank of France and the International Gold Standard, 1914–1939 . By Kenneth Mouré. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. Pp. 297. ISBN 0-19-924904-0. £40.00. Workers' participation in post-Liberation France . By Adam Steinhouse. Lanham: Lexington Books, 2001. Pp. 245. ISBN 0-7391-0282-6. $70.00 (hb). ISBN 0-7391-0283-4. $24.95 (pbk). In the traditional historiography of twentieth-century France the period after the Second World War is usually contrasted favourably with that after 1918. After 1945, new men with new ideas, born out of the shock of defeat in 1940 and resistance to Nazi occupation, laid the basis for an economic and social democracy. The welfare state was created, women were given full voting rights, and French security, in both economic and territorial respects, was partially guaranteed by integrating West Germany into a new supranational institutional structure in Western Europe. 1945 was to mark the beginning of the ‘30 glorious years’ of peace and prosperity enjoyed by an expanding population in France. In sharp contrast, the years after 1918 are characterized as a period dominated by France's failed attempts to restore its status as a great power. Policies based on making the German taxpayer finance France's restoration are blamed for contributing to the great depression after 1929 and the rise of Hitler. However, as more research is carried out into the social and economic reconstruction of France after both world wars, it is becoming clear that the basis of what was to become the welfare state after 1945 was laid in the aftermath of the First World War. On the other hand, new reforms adopted in 1945 which did not build on interwar policies, such as those designed to give workers a voice in decision-making at the workplace, proved to be short-lived.	[ { "display_name": "The Historical Journal", "id": "https://openalex.org/S205284143", "type": "journal" }, { "display_name": "WestminsterResearch (University of Westminster)", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400277", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W4253951974	Nomad Labour	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Israel", "display_name": "Tel Aviv University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I16391192", "lat": 32.113388, "long": 34.802155, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Juval Portugali", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5042894250" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Industrial society", "id": "https://openalex.org/C28101316" }, { "display_name": "Nationalism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C521449643" }, { "display_name": "Dominance (genetics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C151913843" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Biochemistry", "id": "https://openalex.org/C55493867" }, { "display_name": "Chemistry", "id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680" }, { "display_name": "Gene", "id": "https://openalex.org/C104317684" } ]	[ "West Bank", "Gaza Strip", "Gaza", "Israel" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4253951974	The above quotation, taken as it is from Marx’s reference to 1864 England, authentically describes the reality of Arab labour in Israel in the late 1980s and early 1990; a reality of over 120,000 Palestinian workers commuting daily or weekly from their homes in the occupied territories to Israel’s employment centres. This army of workers constitutes about 6% of the Israeli work force, about 50% of the Gaza Strip employees and about 30% of the West Bank Palestinian employees. Beyond the anecdotal and analogical value of the above quotation, Marx here touches on one of the most important properties of what he defines as the industrial reserve army: this is the property of nomadism. The twin concepts of nomad labour versus spatially fixed labour are developed below as a basis for a discussion on the role of the industrial reserve army in modern industrial society and the implications thereof to the social meaning of Arab labour in Israel. More specifically the proposition is as follows: 1. Most theoretical considerations of the issue of Palestinian labour in Israel have followed social theory in that they have not fully appreciated the dominance of nationalism in modern society, its role in the emergence of the Western welfare state and consequently, in the phenomenon of labour market segmentation. 2. The emergence of nationalism as the generative order of modern society gave rise to the welfare nation-state, which in turn entailed the spatial fixation of national labour, the inefficiency of unemployment as a creator of an industrial reserve army, and consequently, the segmentation of the labour market between spatially fixed national workers and nomad foreign workers as an industrial reserve army. 3. The economic growth in Israel following the Six Day War in 1967 resulted in the spatial fixation of most of the Israeli labour force and consequently, in a lack of an industrial reserve army in the economy. This vacuum was filled by the Palestinian surplus population in the occupied territories, which has gradually been integrated into Israel’s spatial economy as nomad foreign labour. 4. The integration of the Palestinians in the Israeli spatial economy feeds back upon nationalism by strengthening Palestinian national identity and by transforming the Israeli-Palestinian conflict from a national into a class-national conflict. This last point is prominent in the intifada — the current Palestinian uprising in the occupied territories. The reality of the labour market as analysed below has been central in the emergence of the uprising and plays an important role in its currert development.	[ { "display_name": "The Geojournal library", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4210216008", "type": "book series" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2811323347	Comment on “Instability in Europe and Its Impact on Asia”	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Japan", "display_name": "Chuo University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I96679780", "lat": 35.65583, "long": 139.32388, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Soko Tanaka", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5024738481" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Brexit", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776469822" }, { "display_name": "European union", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2910001868" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Populism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C526877150" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Globalization", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2119116" }, { "display_name": "Welfare capitalism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C196013401" }, { "display_name": "European social model", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780433478" }, { "display_name": "European integration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C190974861" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Economic policy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "West Bank" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W2811509805" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2811323347	Kaji (2018) explains in her introduction that three unintended consequences of European integration became renewed sources of instability and crises. While the European Union (EU) succeeded in economic integration, it has given rise to the following three unintended consequences: (i) growing anti-integrationist movements and Brexit; (ii) skepticism about the benefits of the free movements; and (iii) the burden of the welfare state, which brought social exclusion and populism movements of unemployed workers. The welfare state does not belong to European integration, but rather to each member state of the EU. So, problems of the welfare state should be checked up not at the EU but at the member state level. We saw in 2016 that the Brexit campaign led by populist politicians was victorious and Mr. Trump was chosen as the president of the USA. Although developed continental countries have guarded their welfare states, the UK departed from its postwar welfare system from the Margaret Thatcher government era in the 1980s and went step by step to a laissez-faire system of the Anglo-Saxon type similar to the USA. So, it was not the burden of the welfare state, but rather the weakness of the welfare state that strengthened populism and social exclusion. Kaji (2018) grasps postwar European integration as a continuous unity. There were qualitative changes at least twice. When the USA and the UK switched to neoliberal capitalism and financial globalization in the 1980s, the continental European Community countries had to follow up with the single market integration which began in 1985. The single market had to be followed up by monetary integration in the 1990s to avoid a possible breakup, which might have happened with attacks by hedge funds and investment banks (mainly Anglo-Saxon institutions) under the free movement of capital. The second change happened when the neoliberal global capitalist system broke down in the Lehman crisis. The crisis dramatically worsened budget deficits in almost all capitalist countries. The southern European countries fell into government debt crises, which developed into the euro crisis from 2010 onwards. After the Lehman crisis, Europe has been living in the era of the post-Lehman crisis. As Kaji (2018) explains in detail, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal, and Spain, the GIIPS countries, have endured tough times. In the era of the post-Lehman crisis, income gaps, social exclusion, and populism prevail. They are problems of modern capitalism rather than those of the European integration per se, though populists peg the blame on Brussels. Kaji (2018) expects that a new Franco-German leadership will move Europe forward to tackle the three unintended consequences. The economic scene in Europe changed in 2017. Every EU country recorded positive economic growth, and higher economic growth is expected to continue in 2018 and 2019. But how will the EU be able to fight successfully against the serious problems mentioned earlier? Kaji (2018) does not appear to be so confident, since she refers to the possible defeat of President Macron in 5 years’ time. Kaji (2018) explains what happened from 1970s to the Brexit referendum and how the UK has fallen into chaos in the face of the Brexits negotiation with the EU. But, it is not so clear what made the UK exit from the EU. Kaji points out two “problems”: dissatisfaction of the voters with the present regime and the divide between the integrationists and the anti-integrationists. Her reasoning appears to be a kind of tautology and does not explain why the UK chose to exit. In her final section, Kaji (2018) discusses the impacts of possible instability in the EU on Asia and the global trading system through trade, financial, and free trade agreement (FTA) channels. Kaji (2018) says the EU is the largest guardian of free trade and explains the FTA networks of the EU with Japan, Canada, and other many countries. But, she also points out that the EU will turn protectionist. Why will the guardian of free trade turn protectionist? The answer is: there has been instability in the EU such as the North–South and the East–West divides and/or a possible government change in France or other happenings in the future. If the EU turns protectionist, Asia will receive a direct hit in trade in goods and the USA will be hit hardest in services trade. This story seems confusing. First of all, it turns everything upside down. The game changer for the global trading system is the USA under the Trump administration. It is protectionist and wants to change the global trade rules. The EU has been resisting the protectionist president in several ways. Second, is not a more careful analysis indispensable before Kaji says that the EU will turn protectionist? It seems unclear why the divides or other elements that Kaji (2018) points out will turn the EU to become protectionist. The EU maintained its multilateral free trade system during the euro crisis and even in the economic stagnation after the crisis. France will not be able to turn protectionist even under a populist government, because its economy will die. Its very high percentage export share in gross domestic product (GDP) (46%) will also exert a big impact on the EU to remain a multilateral free trader in the future. The future is unknown, but Kaji’s last section is not persuasive enough because she says that the EU will be neither a free trader nor a protectionist.	[ { "display_name": "Asian Economic Policy Review", "id": "https://openalex.org/S23010633", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2209967459	A Welfare State Approach to Islamic Polity	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Soldatos Gt", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5047280337" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Polity", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779707719" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Islam", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4445939" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Public administration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" }, { "display_name": "Theology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "West Bank" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W58365529", "https://openalex.org/W1490904089", "https://openalex.org/W1512416168", "https://openalex.org/W1516471007", "https://openalex.org/W1524549920", "https://openalex.org/W1532497712", "https://openalex.org/W1552242644", "https://openalex.org/W1557385359", "https://openalex.org/W1566209560", "https://openalex.org/W1589244635", "https://openalex.org/W1963869155", "https://openalex.org/W1966856239", "https://openalex.org/W1977805990", "https://openalex.org/W1978716079", "https://openalex.org/W1981021927", "https://openalex.org/W1993132818", "https://openalex.org/W2019790115", "https://openalex.org/W2035384243", "https://openalex.org/W2052577139", "https://openalex.org/W2064582771", "https://openalex.org/W2067844392", "https://openalex.org/W2088094389", "https://openalex.org/W2113232279", "https://openalex.org/W2124465759", "https://openalex.org/W2128563825", "https://openalex.org/W2153323595", "https://openalex.org/W2155909176", "https://openalex.org/W2508468144", "https://openalex.org/W2752384816", "https://openalex.org/W3000656705", "https://openalex.org/W3123510156" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2209967459	This paper builds upon the following critique of Islamic economics: (a) Persistence on the literal interpretation of what the theology of Islamic law implies socioeconomically, (b) Rejection subsequently of the core western economic principle of homo economicus cum-competition, though homo economicus behavior is innermost to absence of riba alfadl (of exploitation in the goods market) in the large at least impersonal markets of our times, (c) Rejection, because of the ahistorical view of the West and hence, of inability to realize that the Cold War European welfare state with a constitution inspired by social solidarity as it derives not politically but religiously from Islamic law might be worth followed by Islam, and (d) Identification of riba an-nasiya (of exploitation in the financial markets) with zero interest rate charges and not with zero commercial bank seigniorage.	[ { "display_name": "Journal of Political Sciences & Public Affairs", "id": "https://openalex.org/S2764847032", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W3144869309	A Critical Overview of Islamic Economics from a Welfare-State Perspective	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Gerasimos T. Soldatos", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5021263123" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Homo economicus", "id": "https://openalex.org/C169355965" }, { "display_name": "Seigniorage", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780089521" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Islam", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4445939" }, { "display_name": "Islamic economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779703888" }, { "display_name": "Neoclassical economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C133425853" }, { "display_name": "Constitution", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776154427" }, { "display_name": "Solidarity", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780641677" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Law and economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C190253527" }, { "display_name": "Positive economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C118084267" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" }, { "display_name": "Keynesian economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C165556158" }, { "display_name": "Monetary policy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C126285488" }, { "display_name": "Theology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" } ]	[ "West Bank" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3144869309	This paper builds upon the following critique of Islamic economics: (a) Persistence on the literal interpretation of what the theology of Islamic law implies socioeconomically, (b) Rejection subsequently of the core western economic principle of homo economicus-cum-competition, though homo economicus behavior is innermost to absence of riba al-fadl (of exploitation in the goods markets) in the large atleast impersonal markets of our times, (c) Rejection, because of the ahistorical view of the West and hence, of inability to realize that the Cold War European welfare state with a constitution inspired by social solidarity as it derives not politically but religiously from Islamic law, might be worth followed by Islam, and (d) Identification of riba an-nasiya (of exploitation in the financial markets) with zero interest rate charges and not with zero commercial bank seigniorage.	[ { "display_name": "MPRA Paper", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306520297", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2301889272	A Critical Overview of Islamic Economics from a Welfare-State Perspective	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Gerasimos T. Soldatos", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5021263123" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Perspective (graphical)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C12713177" }, { "display_name": "Islamic economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779703888" }, { "display_name": "Islam", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4445939" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Neoclassical economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C133425853" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Positive economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C118084267" }, { "display_name": "Public economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100001284" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Law and economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C190253527" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Geography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Archaeology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302" } ]	[ "West Bank" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W1523033597", "https://openalex.org/W1566209560", "https://openalex.org/W1963869155", "https://openalex.org/W1966856239", "https://openalex.org/W1977805990", "https://openalex.org/W1978716079", "https://openalex.org/W2019790115", "https://openalex.org/W2052577139", "https://openalex.org/W2124465759", "https://openalex.org/W2128563825", "https://openalex.org/W2153323595", "https://openalex.org/W2155909176", "https://openalex.org/W2256577298", "https://openalex.org/W2508468144", "https://openalex.org/W2752384816", "https://openalex.org/W2773575065", "https://openalex.org/W4213216663", "https://openalex.org/W4246440837", "https://openalex.org/W4250494759", "https://openalex.org/W4293771970" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2301889272	This paper builds upon the following critique of Islamic economics: (a) Persistence on the literal interpretation of what the theology of Islamic law implies socioeconomically, (b) Rejection subsequently of the core western economic principle of homo economicus-cum-competition, though homo economicus behavior is innermost to absence of riba al-fadl (of exploitation in the goods markets) in the large atleast impersonal markets of our times, (c) Rejection, because of the ahistorical view of the West and hence, of inability to realize that the Cold War European welfare state with a constitution inspired by social solidarity as it derives not politically but religiously from Islamic law, might be worth followed by Islam, and (d) Identification of riba an-nasiya (of exploitation in the financial markets) with zero interest rate charges and not with zero commercial bank seigniorage.	[ { "display_name": "Social Science Research Network", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172589", "type": "repository" }, { "display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W3121959850	A Critical Overview of Islamic Economics from a Welfare-State Perspective	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Gerasimos T. Soldatos", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5021263123" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Homo economicus", "id": "https://openalex.org/C169355965" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Seigniorage", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780089521" }, { "display_name": "Islamic economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779703888" }, { "display_name": "Islam", "id": "https://openalex.org/C4445939" }, { "display_name": "Neoclassical economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C133425853" }, { "display_name": "Constitution", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776154427" }, { "display_name": "Solidarity", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780641677" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Law and economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C190253527" }, { "display_name": "Positive economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C118084267" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" }, { "display_name": "Keynesian economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C165556158" }, { "display_name": "Monetary policy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C126285488" }, { "display_name": "Theology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" } ]	[ "West Bank" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3121959850	This paper builds upon the following critique of Islamic economics: (a) Persistence on the literal interpretation of what the theology of Islamic law implies socioeconomically, (b) Rejection subsequently of the core western economic principle of homo economicus-cum-competition, though homo economicus behavior is innermost to absence of riba al-fadl (of exploitation in the goods markets) in the large atleast impersonal markets of our times, (c) Rejection, because of the ahistorical view of the West and hence, of inability to realize that the Cold War European welfare state with a constitution inspired by social solidarity as it derives not politically but religiously from Islamic law, might be worth followed by Islam, and (d) Identification of riba an-nasiya (of exploitation in the financial markets) with zero interest rate charges and not with zero commercial bank seigniorage.	[ { "display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W1995448514	Networks and Communal Autonomy as Practice: Health, Education, and Social Welfare in Lebanon	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United States", "display_name": "Babson College", "id": "https://openalex.org/I96062909", "lat": 42.29649, "long": -71.29256, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Stephen Deets", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5038807815" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Autonomy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C65414064" }, { "display_name": "Legitimacy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C46295352" }, { "display_name": "Corporate governance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C39389867" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Public administration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Public relations", "id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Business", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560" }, { "display_name": "Finance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Lebanon" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W1553401247", "https://openalex.org/W1980327414", "https://openalex.org/W1984920513", "https://openalex.org/W1987235421", "https://openalex.org/W2007463117", "https://openalex.org/W2019483897", "https://openalex.org/W2026338614", "https://openalex.org/W2033639154", "https://openalex.org/W2035487519", "https://openalex.org/W2075496789", "https://openalex.org/W2087765149", "https://openalex.org/W2096536821", "https://openalex.org/W2114671564", "https://openalex.org/W2129316697", "https://openalex.org/W2131383330", "https://openalex.org/W2166770437", "https://openalex.org/W2252168662", "https://openalex.org/W2319209715", "https://openalex.org/W2484336610", "https://openalex.org/W3121592188", "https://openalex.org/W4229876990", "https://openalex.org/W4235434007", "https://openalex.org/W4238728811", "https://openalex.org/W4242164403", "https://openalex.org/W4242341574", "https://openalex.org/W4242827019", "https://openalex.org/W4246346168", "https://openalex.org/W4246763861", "https://openalex.org/W4256159235", "https://openalex.org/W4256216147", "https://openalex.org/W4300990691" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1995448514	Building on ideas of networked governance and non-territorial autonomy, this article uses aspects of Lebanese public policy to show that significant functional communal autonomy can be achieved in the absence of coherent institutions designed to support it. In this way, the article argues that norms, notions of legitimacy, and behavioral practices are as important as institutional design in understanding communal autonomy. An overview of the Lebanese education, health, and welfare systems provides an understanding of how communal governance operates and interacts with the state across several policy areas. These policy areas are also used to explore issues of individual autonomy and state strength.	[ { "display_name": "Ethnopolitics", "id": "https://openalex.org/S44688107", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W4238987840	Islamists and the State	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Stacey Philbrick Yadav", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5061250255" } ]	[ { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Power (physics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C163258240" }, { "display_name": "Position (finance)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C198082294" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Business", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Physics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964" }, { "display_name": "Finance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342" }, { "display_name": "Quantum mechanics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636" } ]	[ "Lebanon", "Yemen" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4238987840	In the wake of the uprisings throughout the Middle East in late 2010 and early 2011, the role of Islamist parties in the political process has taken on a new importance. But counter to the commonly held belief in the West that Islamist groups aim to challenge the authority of the state itself, both Islah of Yemen and Hizbollah in Lebanon are political organisations, with aspirations to work with and through state structures. In this book, Stacey Philbrick Yadav highlights how once these Islamist organisations became part of the institutionalised and formalised state apparatus, Islamist participation can instead stengthen the state. She therefore examines the meanings that the members of the parties attach to their relationship to existing regimes and the state institutions through which power is distributed and exercised. Of course, gaps in state planning allow these two parties unique opportunities to take on some of the responsibilities of the state. This has been especially prominent in the case of Hizballah, which sought to position itself as a provider of welfare at a time when the Lebanese state, brought low by civil war, could not carry out this service.	[]
https://openalex.org/W3203855588	Financialization and Welfare Surveillance: Regulating the Poor in Technological Times	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Australia", "display_name": "Griffith University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I11701301", "lat": -27.47061, "long": 153.02286, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Shelley Bielefeld", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5066522382" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Australia", "display_name": "Australian National University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I118347636", "lat": -35.28346, "long": 149.12807, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Jenna Harb", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5012740887" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Australia", "display_name": "Australian National University", "id": "https://openalex.org/I118347636", "lat": -35.28346, "long": 149.12807, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Kathryn Henne", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5067233169" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Financialization", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780837152" }, { "display_name": "Empowerment", "id": "https://openalex.org/C20555606" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Oppression", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776526686" }, { "display_name": "Poverty", "id": "https://openalex.org/C189326681" }, { "display_name": "Ideology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C158071213" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Economic growth", "id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688" }, { "display_name": "Market economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" } ]	[ "Lebanon", "Syria" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3203855588	In light of concerns that the technologies employed by the digital welfare state exacerbate inequality and oppression, this article considers contemporary shifts in the administration of social assistance. Specifically, it examines the surveillance of recipients of government income support focusing on marginalized peoples in two jurisdictions: social security recipients subject to the Cashless Debit Card (CDC) in Australia, many of whom are Indigenous, and persons under the purview of the Lebanon One Unified Inter-Organizational System for E-Cards (LOUISE) in Lebanon, many of whom are Syrian refugees. Taken together, the cases illuminate embedded ideologies and adverse experiences associated with the financialization of social assistance and the digitization of cash. Through a dual case study approach, this analysis draws out patterns as well as contextual distinctions to illustrate how technological changes reflect financialization trends and attempt neoliberal assimilation of social welfare recipients through intensive surveillance, albeit with disparate outcomes. After considering how these dynamics play out in each case, the article concludes by reflecting on the contradictions that emerge in relation to the promises of empowerment and individual responsibility through financialized logics and technologies.	[ { "display_name": "surveillance and society", "id": "https://openalex.org/S2764351738", "type": "journal" }, { "display_name": "ANU Open Research (Australian National University)", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402539", "type": "repository" }, { "display_name": "Griffith Research Online (Griffith University)", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4377196263", "type": "repository" }, { "display_name": "Griffith Research Online (Griffith University, Queensland, Australia)", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402548", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2660500643	Compassionate Communalism: Welfare and Sectarianism in Lebanon	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Paul Kingston", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5009983761" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Sectarianism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776518542" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Communalism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777609129" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Unrest", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778358470" }, { "display_name": "Distribution (mathematics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C110121322" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Mathematical analysis", "id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372" }, { "display_name": "Mathematics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547" } ]	[ "Lebanon", "Iraq" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2660500643	COMPASSIONATE COMMUNALISM: WELFARE AND SECTARIANISM IN LEBANON Melani Cammett Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2014 (xv + 315 pages, bibliography, index, illustrations, maps) $82.95 (cloth) $27.95 (paper)Reviewed by Paul KingstonThis impressive book by Melani Cammett examines patterns of welfare distribution by sectarian political parties in Lebanon, with some brief comparisons with patterns of sectarian welfare distribution in Iraq (the al-Sadr Movement) and India (the BJP). It is product of exemplary and extensive research over many years and employs a variety of methods, including GIS mapping determine bricks and mortar location of sectarian welfare agencies and a large national survey (almost three thousand households) followed up by in-depth qualitative interviewing. Its historicized analysis improves our understanding of variation in patterns of welfare distribution among communally based political parties in country, be it welfare distributed those within a particular communal group (ingroups) or outside of it (out-groups), or those who are core supporters versus those who are non-core supporters of a particular sectarian party.To structure her analysis, Cammett puts forth and tests two main hypotheses: that approach sectarian welfare distribution is conditioned, first, by degree which a party's political strategy is state-centric or non-state-centric and, second, by degree which sectarian political parties face high levels of intra-sectarian competition. The interaction of these two variables explains variations in welfare distributional practice of particular sectarian political parties over time and between different sectarian political parties at particular moments.Cammett begins her analysis by asking why sectarian political parties in Lebanon became involved in welfare distribution in first place. Through an unpacking of various possible explanations, she succeeds in constructing a complex answer this question, stressing that the logic of sectarian welfare outreach cannot be reduced a single factor (3). With respect argument that sectarian parties are interested in welfare service delivery in order strengthen bonds of communalism-to become guardian of community (14)-Cammett argues that this explanation is compromised by fact of widespread distribution of welfare goods outside of communal groups. With respect suggestion that sectarian welfare provision is motivated by a charitable desire serve needy, Cammett argues that her findings indicate that sectarian welfare is not always delivered most needy, nor are sectarian welfare agencies necessarily located within poorest neighborhoods. This observation opens opportunity for an analysis of political motivations behind sectarian welfare distribution, given that it is clear, she argues, that sectarian parties are making choices as to whom reward, attract, and exclude (4).Cammett's strongest explanation for rise of nonstate provision of social welfare relates inability of Lebanese state provide universal access public goods and social services for its citizens. This weakness stems from country's system of sectarian power sharing, cemented in place since French Mandate. This system, Cammett explains, has created incentives for parties seek monopolistic control over representation of their respective communities in part through establishment of nonstate systems of public goods service provision in health care, education, and social welfare (59). Constrained by rising infrastructural power of various sectarian communities, attempts strengthen role of Lebanese state in field of development and public goods delivery, especially in 1960s during Shihab presidency, were of limited success and were subsequently undone by country's long civil war, which had devastating effects on Lebanon's public health infrastructure. …	[ { "display_name": "Arab Studies Journal", "id": "https://openalex.org/S2764408163", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2075676094	The limits to democracy posed by oil rentier states: The cases of Algeria, Nigeria and Libya	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Camilla Sandbakken", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5071630162" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Democratization", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17058734" }, { "display_name": "Autocracy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144661447" }, { "display_name": "Opposition (politics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780668109" }, { "display_name": "Democracy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C555826173" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Population", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Demography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Algeria", "Libya" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2075676094	Rentier state theory is a set of ideas about why states with considerable natural resource wealth appear to have very similar economic and political development trajectories. This article looks more closely at the proposition that oil rentier states have specific features that make them unlikely to become consolidated democracies. It narrows down the rentier state framework to three such features: first, that rentier states do not rely on taxation for income and thus are released from democratic obligations to their taxpayers; second, that the state spends oil revenues on placating and repressing its population; and third, that the social structure in rentier states leaves very little room for democratic opposition. In comparing three African rentier states, namely Algeria, Nigeria and Libya, the article finds some sections of rentier state theory to have more explanatory value than others. In all three cases government spending on welfare and repression has helped dampen the pressures for democratization. The social structure argument seems more valid for Algeria and Nigeria than for Libya. In none of the cases does the link between taxation and representation appear to be a significant determinant of regime type. Although the study confirms that oil wealth is associated with autocracy, the causal mechanisms of rentier state theory could benefit from being refined.	[ { "display_name": "Democratization", "id": "https://openalex.org/S110268115", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2581707656	Do Associations Support Authoritarian Rule? Tentative Answers from Algeria, Mozambique, and Vietnam	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "India", "display_name": "Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Institute of Asian Studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/I63346067", "lat": 22.570967, "long": 88.41364, "type": "facility" } ], "display_name": "Jörg Wischermann", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5000944751" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Germany", "display_name": "German Institute for Global and Area Studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/I167994656", "lat": 53.55073, "long": 9.99302, "type": "facility" } ], "display_name": "Bettina Bunk", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5083488191" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Germany", "display_name": "German Institute for Global and Area Studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/I167994656", "lat": 53.55073, "long": 9.99302, "type": "facility" } ], "display_name": "Patrick Köllner", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5014796982" }, { "affiliations": [ { "country": "Germany", "display_name": "German Institute for Global and Area Studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/I167994656", "lat": 53.55073, "long": 9.99302, "type": "facility" } ], "display_name": "Jasmin Lorch", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5025117417" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Authoritarianism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C68346564" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Power (physics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C163258240" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Economic growth", "id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688" }, { "display_name": "Democracy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C555826173" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Physics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Quantum mechanics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Algeria" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W8297272", "https://openalex.org/W626208120", "https://openalex.org/W1972953859", "https://openalex.org/W1975971809", "https://openalex.org/W1978031518", "https://openalex.org/W1989743107", "https://openalex.org/W2025141085", "https://openalex.org/W2068336830", "https://openalex.org/W2084242050", "https://openalex.org/W2096831870", "https://openalex.org/W2124882507", "https://openalex.org/W2142678459", "https://openalex.org/W2163539440", "https://openalex.org/W2167155027", "https://openalex.org/W2203301869", "https://openalex.org/W2250401452", "https://openalex.org/W2332832578", "https://openalex.org/W2399650960", "https://openalex.org/W2588434075", "https://openalex.org/W2999258273", "https://openalex.org/W3187753213", "https://openalex.org/W4206968279", "https://openalex.org/W4211123939", "https://openalex.org/W4240392455", "https://openalex.org/W4242857164", "https://openalex.org/W4246852377", "https://openalex.org/W4252192142", "https://openalex.org/W4252608617", "https://openalex.org/W4255003701" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2581707656	Whether associations help to democratise authoritarian rule or support those in power is a contested issue that so far lacks a cross-regional perspective. Drawing on relational sociology, this paper explores the impact of state power in Algeria, Mozambique, and Vietnam on associations and vice versa. We focus on decision-making in associations and on three policy areas – welfare policy concerning HIV/AIDS, economic policy concerning small and medium-sized enterprises, policies concerning gender equality and the rights of women and sexual minorities – to assess the relations between associations and the state’s infrastructural and discursive power. Most associations interviewed by us in the three countries accept or do not openly reject the state’s and/or the state ruling party’s various forms of interference in internal decision-making processes. Whereas associations in Algeria and Vietnam help to maintain the state’s control through welfare provision, associations in Mozambique can weaken this form of infrastructural state power. Moreover, business and professionals’ associations in all three countries help maintain the state’s control through limited participation, i.e. another form of infrastructural state power. Finally, associations in all three countries support the state’s discourse and policies in the area of gender equality and women’s rights, though in all three countries at least some NGOs help weaken this form of state power.	[ { "display_name": "Social Science Research Network", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172589", "type": "repository" }, { "display_name": "Econstor (Econstor)", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401696", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W1981914576	Amelia H. Lyons. The Civilizing Mission in the Metropole: Algerian Families and the French Welfare State during Decolonization.	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United States", "display_name": "University of California, Berkeley", "id": "https://openalex.org/I95457486", "lat": 37.87159, "long": -122.27275, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Tyler Stovall", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5079425713" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Immigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Bureaucracy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C51575053" }, { "display_name": "Portrait", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162462552" }, { "display_name": "Decolonization", "id": "https://openalex.org/C135544838" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Population", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359" }, { "display_name": "Unit (ring theory)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C122637931" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Gender studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/C107993555" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Genealogy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C53553401" }, { "display_name": "History", "id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Demography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Psychology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967" }, { "display_name": "Art history", "id": "https://openalex.org/C52119013" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Mathematics education", "id": "https://openalex.org/C145420912" } ]	[ "Algeria" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1981914576	The rise of the welfare state and decolonization are two of the major characteristics of France, and Western Europe as a whole, in the decades after World War II. In this thoroughly researched and cogently argued study, Amelia H. Lyons looks at the intersections between them, and in particular at how French welfare agencies sought to shape and reshape the lives of Algerian families living in the metropole just before and during the Algerian War. In doing so, she underscores the importance of considering metropole and colony as a single, internally variegated unit, and the interaction between the two as central to the making of modern France. What emerges is a portrait of a bureaucratic apparatus driven by competing, and at times conflicting goals with regard to Algerian immigrants, trying to integrate them into French society at a time when their very Frenchness was increasingly open to question. One unusual, and innovative, aspect of Lyons's study is her decision to focus on Algerian families in France at a time when the overwhelming majority of the immigrant population consisted of single men, or those who had left their families behind in Algeria. Although the book devotes extensive coverage to the experiences of immigrant men in France, it sees women and families as the key concern of welfare practitioners and agencies. This arises out of the primary goal pursued by social services when dealing with Algerian immigrants, namely to transform them into civilized French men and women by ridding them of their backward cultural practices. Over and over again Lyons cites statements by welfare and social service workers to the effect that Algerians must become modern and cast off their traditional “primitivism” in order to prosper in France. Their problem was neither poverty nor racism, but rather their own need to embrace French modernity and universalism.	[ { "display_name": "The American Historical Review", "id": "https://openalex.org/S197437610", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W4210449012	Algeria's foreign relations will be thorny for a while	[]	[ { "display_name": "Subsidy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C84265765" }, { "display_name": "Unrest", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778358470" }, { "display_name": "Criticism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C7991579" }, { "display_name": "Social unrest", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2994499861" }, { "display_name": "Presidential system", "id": "https://openalex.org/C197487636" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Foreign policy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C93377909" }, { "display_name": "Distribution (mathematics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C110121322" }, { "display_name": "Isolation (microbiology)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2775941552" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Development economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531" }, { "display_name": "Economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Microbiology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C89423630" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Biology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240" }, { "display_name": "Mathematical analysis", "id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372" }, { "display_name": "Mathematics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547" } ]	[ "Algeria", "Morocco" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4210449012	Significance Algiers had recalled the ambassador in response to French President Emmanuel Macron's criticism of the Algerian state. Algeria has experienced other diplomatic clashes in recent months, notably with Morocco. These reflect serious challenges and a growing degree of diplomatic isolation, even though they offer some distraction from domestic political, social and economic challenges. Impacts Social unrest is likely as the 2022 budget transforms welfare distribution, replacing universal food subsidies with means-tested benefits. The diplomatic rupture and limits on transportation links will make working across Algeria and Morocco more difficult for businesses. French relations with and perceptions of Algeria will be part of the French presidential campaign.	[ { "display_name": "Emerald expert briefings", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4210217702", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2321391956	From a Nation Torn: Decolonizing art and representation in France, 1945–1962 by Hannah Feldman, and: The Civilizing Mission in the Metropole: Algerian families and the French welfare state during decolonization by Amelia Lyons	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Muriam Haleh Davis", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5024040993" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Decolonization", "id": "https://openalex.org/C135544838" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Representation (politics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776359362" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Immigration", "id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468" }, { "display_name": "Modernization theory", "id": "https://openalex.org/C53844881" }, { "display_name": "Gender studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/C107993555" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "History", "id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Algeria" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2321391956	Reviewed by: From a Nation Torn: Decolonizing art and representation in France, 1945–1962 by Hannah Feldman, and: The Civilizing Mission in the Metropole: Algerian families and the French welfare state during decolonization by Amelia Lyons Muriam Haleh Davis From a Nation Torn: Decolonizing art and representation in France, 1945–1962 By Hannah Feldman. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2014. The Civilizing Mission in the Metropole: Algerian families and the French welfare state during decolonization. By Amelia Lyons. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2013. Over the past decade, it has become increasingly difficult to consider the history of postwar metropolitan France without acknowledging the role that France’s colonies played in its transformation. The importance of Algeria, which was legally considered to be an integral part of France, has received particular attention in this literature as historians have tried to account for the entangled histories of modernization, decolonization, immigration, and European integration. The works by Hannah Feldman and Amelia Lyons both seek to continue this line of inquiry, asking: How did the presence of Algerians on French soil and the Algerian War influence the political possibilities in the metropole? Moreover, how were these subjects rendered visible to the larger body politic? In addressing the legacy of decolonization in France, the authors treat two quite disparate topics. Amelia Lyons investigates how the French welfare state tackled questions of racial and cultural difference as it created a new set of institutions that aimed to provide Algerians in France with social services. Hannah Feldman, on the other hand, investigates how the “decades of decolonization” engendered a new nexus of cultural production, political expression, and national belonging through a study of aesthetic practices. The notion of decolonization has been particularly fraught in the Algerian case, where an insistence that Algeria was an integral part of France led many to view the conflict as a civil war in the 1950s. In fact, these violent years once referred to as a “war without a name” have given way to a historiography that centers on the collective amnesia regarding the violence and aftermath of the Algerian War. Following in that direction, Lyons and Feldman are both concerned with accounting for how Algerians were erased from the historical record. Feldman interrogates the visual practices that attempted to substitute a universal “humanity” in place of a “failed colonial project,” while Lyons highlights the tension between the French state, which sought to make “the Algerian problem literally disappear,” and the agency of Algerians who refused “to be invisible by making demands for a better life” (160). Yet against this backdrop of colonialism and visibility, the question of what one means by decolonization lingers. Both authors draw from Todd Shepard’s important work on the “invention” of decolonization in 1962, but their work shows how the meaning of decolonization itself remains up for grabs—even at a point at which the field has definitively come into its own. Feldman notes that her use of the word “decolonizing” in the title is tied to the fact that it is both an adjective and a verb. Put differently, the term signals both a “historical contest” (between colonized and colonizer) as well as our own struggles as researchers to reject colonial ways of reading (or seeing) our sources. Lyons has a more standard understanding of decolonization as a historical period, but it is worth noting that both authors start their studies in the immediate postwar period, thus expanding the temporal frame of decolonization and providing a lens for understanding the continuities between the Fourth and Fifth Republics. Feldman begins her monograph by specifying that she is interested in the movement of decolonization that was unleashed by the massacre at Sétif in 1945. This periodization helps her to situate her first chapter, which examines the French writer and first minister of cultural affairs, André Malraux, in light of the concerns that emerged out of the Second World War. His Voices of Silence, a series of essays interjected with photographic reproductions, was published in 1951 and echoed the “dehistoricizing impulse” of the Fourth Republic (36). Malraux’s conviction that images could circulate independently from any historical or geographical context was the result of an aesthetic...	[ { "display_name": "Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History", "id": "https://openalex.org/S74935645", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W832072304	The Civilizing Mission in the Metropole: Algerian Families and the French Welfare State during Decolonization	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United Kingdom", "display_name": "University of Portsmouth", "id": "https://openalex.org/I63072094", "lat": 50.794807, "long": -1.091279, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Ed Naylor", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5015129990" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Entitlement (fair division)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94982200" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Constitution", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776154427" }, { "display_name": "Colonialism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C531593650" }, { "display_name": "Decolonization", "id": "https://openalex.org/C135544838" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Gender studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/C107993555" }, { "display_name": "Ethnology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2549261" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" }, { "display_name": "Mathematics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547" }, { "display_name": "Mathematical economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144237770" } ]	[ "Algeria" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W832072304	At the intersection of France's post-war welfare state and the growing crisis surrounding colonial rule in Algeria, Amelia Lyons's original and carefully researched study charts the emergence of ‘the civilizing mission in the metropole’ between the late 1940s and Algerian independence in 1962. Contrary to the image of single men clutching battered suitcases, which long stood for Algerian migration to France prior to the mid-1970s, from the late 1940s women and children made up a growing minority of those crossing the Mediterranean. Under the Fourth Republic's constitution ‘French Muslims from Algeria’ in Metropolitan France enjoyed the same rights as other French citizens, including entitlement to benefits, social services, and public housing. In practice, discrimination and poverty forced many families into squalid, overcrowded accommodation, epitomized by the bidonvilles. Lyons shows how their presence became a growing preoccupation for the French authorities and evoked a complex range of responses. During the 1950s a national network of supplementary services emerged, linking private charitable associations, semi-public institutions such as the Société nationale de construction de logements pour les travailleurs originaires d'Algérie et leurs familles, and the ‘expertise’ of officials often transferred from the Maghreb. While the book focuses on programmes in mainland France, it also offers an effective demonstration of ‘the fluid connections between metropole and colony’ (p. 38). Lyons argues persuasively that family migration was cautiously welcomed as a natural development, seen as an opportunity to inculcate ‘universal’ French values, demonstrate the generosity of the Republican project, and anchor male migration within a domestic setting considered less conducive to nationalist politics. Targeted welfare programmes, accordingly, sought ‘to serve openly and monitor quietly’ (p. 13). The integrative injunction — framed as ‘adaptation’ — rested on a conservative model of the nuclear family that privileged the twin roles of mother and housewife; instruction for women ranged from child-rearing and hygiene classes to household budgeting advice. In her nuanced analysis Lyons unpicks the gendered and culturalist assumptions underpinning social-worker interventions, revealing how infantilizing colonial tropes of backwardness and passivity frequently coexisted with genuine concerns for the material plight of families and the discrimination they suffered. Housing receives particular attention, in two chapters that demonstrate the ambivalence of slum clearance policies. The official goal of rehousing Algerian families away from bidonvilles saw the creation of specialist agencies that perpetuated the very segregation they claimed to be working against. Families were filtered through placements in rudimentary transitional units intended to ‘prepare’ them for mainstream HLM apartments, yet in reality this provisional solution often endured, and, in circular fashion, reinforced the idea that the families constituted a ‘problem’ category. Based on extensive archival research, the book seeks to dissect official discourse and practice. While the responses of Algerians to these programmes are largely confined to intuition and reading against the grain, the result is an impressive and thought-provoking account. Keenly attuned to the contemporary echoes of this history, the book closes with reference to Joan Scott's searing critique of post-1989 headscarf debates in Politics of the Veil (Princeton University Press, 2007). At the same time, Lyons succeeds in conveying the singularities of a period when the settlement of Algerian families in France was both encouraged and instrumentalized.	[ { "display_name": "French Studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/S115629255", "type": "journal" } ]
https://openalex.org/W3114254977	The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism: A Lesson from Algeria	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "France", "display_name": "Université de Caen Normandie", "id": "https://openalex.org/I98702875", "lat": 49.18585, "long": -0.35912, "type": "education" }, { "country": "Algeria", "display_name": "Centre de Recherche en Économie Appliquée pour le Développement", "id": "https://openalex.org/I4210152254", "lat": 36.776566, "long": 3.0038, "type": "facility" } ], "display_name": "Walid Merouani", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5059934632" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Typology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C75795011" }, { "display_name": "Welfare capitalism", "id": "https://openalex.org/C196013401" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Field (mathematics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C9652623" }, { "display_name": "Government (linguistics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Work (physics)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C18762648" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Social policy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C19159745" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Political economy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699" }, { "display_name": "Positive economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C118084267" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Engineering", "id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603" }, { "display_name": "Mechanical engineering", "id": "https://openalex.org/C78519656" }, { "display_name": "Linguistics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202" }, { "display_name": "Philosophy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662" }, { "display_name": "Mathematics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Anthropology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C19165224" }, { "display_name": "Pure mathematics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C202444582" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Algeria" ]	[ "https://openalex.org/W1974001362", "https://openalex.org/W2020391065", "https://openalex.org/W2794066581", "https://openalex.org/W3125290482" ]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3114254977	After the seminal work of Titmuss () who discusses the ways to do social protection, many researchers have analyzed and compared welfare state systems around the world. One of the most influential contributions in this field is the book of Gosta Esping Andersen () who assumes that there exist three worlds of welfare stats: the universal, the liberal-residual and the corporatist one. The Esping Andersen book has become a classic reference in the debate about social protection. This article contributes to the debate by providing an economic evaluation of the Algerian social protection system relying Esping Andersen typology. We will discuss how the Algerian government attempts to use a social protection system to provide a better life for the citizens and ultimately to avoid Arab-spring-inspired events.	[ { "display_name": "International series on public policy", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4210188886", "type": "book series" } ]
https://openalex.org/W3126130908	Le système algérien de protection sociale: entre Bismarckien et Beveridgien	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Nacer–Eddine Hammouda", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5026807848" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Walid Merouani", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5059934632" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Social protection", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777433830" }, { "display_name": "Redistribution (election)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C74080474" }, { "display_name": "Ideology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C158071213" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Social security", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777111884" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Social insurance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779282124" }, { "display_name": "Welfare economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C549774020" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Algeria" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3126130908	Social security systems are often treated according to their epistemology. The bismarckian and beverdgian systems could be the origin of all social protection systems. The firs was created by Bismark at 1883 in Germany, it was based on the insurance principal. The beverigian system was instituted by the lord Beveridge in Great Britain on 1941, it was financed by taxes, its aim was to extend social coverage to the biggest part of population. Otherwise, We can distinguish between three cluster of social protection systems according intervention degrees of different actors (State, market and family). The first cluster is the “liberal” welfare state, characterized by means-tested assistance, modest universal transfers, and modest social-insurance plans. This welfare state provides very limited social rights. The second cluster is the “corporatist” type. In this type the focus is on preserving status differentials. Rights are therefore attached to status. The state may play a role in de-commodification, but it has a very limited role in redistribution. Corporatist regimes are typically shaped by the church, and as such have a conservative orientation and an ideological commitment to the family. The third cluster is the “universalist” welfare state, in which welfare state benefits are extended to the middle class in an attempt to avoid a dualism between state and market. How about the Algerian social protection system? It was been created on 1949, in the first years of its creation the system was contributive. The Algerian social protection system has undergone several reforms since independence. Some laws have been established to extend coverage to higher part of population. This extending was carried out through ‘’beverdgian’’ principle. It means to provide benefit to the poor population without counterpart of contribution. This gives deficit of the treasury of the social security funds. Otherwise, evolution in Algerian macroeconomic context, the passage form planned economy to the open market economy and the disability for the government to reach full employment have given some new forms of informal employment. On 2011, 46% of economically active population hasn’t any social coverage (Office National des Statistiques). These workers don’t pay their social contribution but can get benefit like entitled of an insured or thanks to free health care. We will try in this paper to analyse the social security system in parallel with labor market, we emphasize the public intervention on social security system, the degree of this intervention to explain the general trend of evolution that undergone the Algerian social security sytem.We use national account data to compare the potential revenue could coming from the labor market with the actual revenue collected by social security funds. This comparison shows some contribution shortfall for the social security funds. However, the second section of this paper exposes the evolution of social coverage rate. The low demand of social security by the workers seem to be widespread in all the sectors, and a lot off clusters of profession, manly self workers and employers. It could be the result of some behaviors, like risk taking, high discount rate of the future or the individualistic behavior of the employers that don’t entitle their employees to social security (Luttmer et al, 2012. Brown et al, 2013; Friedman, 1973, Murphy 2011). Face to this, the state continue to subsidies the social security system and providing benefits to poorer categories of population using his social budget. The amount of this last is increasing this last years (ONS) accentuating the beverdgian principle. This kind of social protection system work under demographic and financial pressure. The problem is that the social budget is financed by oil taxes (exhaustible resource), hence, the sustainability of the Algerian social security system.	[ { "display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2238768400	Le système algérien de protection sociale : entre Bismarckien et Beveridgien [The Algerian social protection system: between Bismarckian and Beveridgian]	[ { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Nacer–Eddine Hammouda", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5026807848" }, { "affiliations": [], "display_name": "Walid Merouani", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5059934632" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Social protection", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777433830" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Redistribution (election)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C74080474" }, { "display_name": "Social security", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777111884" }, { "display_name": "Social insurance", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779282124" }, { "display_name": "Social policy", "id": "https://openalex.org/C19159745" }, { "display_name": "Ideology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C158071213" }, { "display_name": "Population", "id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "Economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750" }, { "display_name": "Welfare economics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C549774020" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Demography", "id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Algeria" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2238768400	Social security systems are often treated according to their epistemology. The bismarckian and beverdgian systems could be the origin of all social protection systems. The firs was created by Bismark at 1883 in Germany, it was based on the insurance principal. The beverigian system was instituted by the lord Beveridge in Great Britain on 1941, it was financed by taxes, its aim was to extend social coverage to the biggest part of population. Otherwise, We can distinguish between three cluster of social protection systems according intervention degrees of different actors (State, market and family). The first cluster is the “liberal” welfare state, characterized by means-tested assistance, modest universal transfers, and modest social-insurance plans. This welfare state provides very limited social rights. The second cluster is the “corporatist” type. In this type the focus is on preserving status differentials. Rights are therefore attached to status. The state may play a role in de-commodification, but it has a very limited role in redistribution. Corporatist regimes are typically shaped by the church, and as such have a conservative orientation and an ideological commitment to the family. The third cluster is the “universalist” welfare state, in which welfare state benefits are extended to the middle class in an attempt to avoid a dualism between state and market. How about the Algerian social protection system? It was been created on 1949, in the first years of its creation the system was contributive. The Algerian social protection system has undergone several reforms since independence. Some laws have been established to extend coverage to higher part of population. This extending was carried out through ‘’beverdgian’’ principle. It means to provide benefit to the poor population without counterpart of contribution. This gives deficit of the treasury of the social security funds. Otherwise, evolution in Algerian macroeconomic context, the passage form planned economy to the open market economy and the disability for the government to reach full employment have given some new forms of informal employment. On 2011, 46% of economically active population hasn’t any social coverage (Office National des Statistiques). These workers don’t pay their social contribution but can get benefit like entitled of an insured or thanks to free health care. We will try in this paper to analyse the social security system in parallel with labor market, we emphasize the public intervention on social security system, the degree of this intervention to explain the general trend of evolution that undergone the Algerian social security sytem.We use national account data to compare the potential revenue could coming from the labor market with the actual revenue collected by social security funds. This comparison shows some contribution shortfall for the social security funds. However, the second section of this paper exposes the evolution of social coverage rate. The low demand of social security by the workers seem to be widespread in all the sectors, and a lot off clusters of profession, manly self workers and employers. It could be the result of some behaviors, like risk taking, high discount rate of the future or the individualistic behavior of the employers that don’t entitle their employees to social security (Luttmer et al, 2012. Brown et al, 2013; Friedman, 1973, Murphy 2011). Face to this, the state continue to subsidies the social security system and providing benefits to poorer categories of population using his social budget. The amount of this last is increasing this last years (ONS) accentuating the beverdgian principle. This kind of social protection system work under demographic and financial pressure. The problem is that the social budget is financed by oil taxes (exhaustible resource), hence, the sustainability of the Algerian social security system.	[ { "display_name": "MPRA Paper", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306520297", "type": "repository" } ]
https://openalex.org/W2280049499	Lyons, Amelia H.<b>The Civilizing Mission in the Metropole: Algerian Families and the French Welfare State during Decolonization</b>Stanford CA: Stanford University Press 344 pp., $65.00 ISBN 978-0-8047-8421-4 Publication Date: November 2013	[ { "affiliations": [ { "country": "United States", "display_name": "University of Iowa", "id": "https://openalex.org/I126307644", "lat": 41.66113, "long": -91.53017, "type": "education" } ], "display_name": "Jennifer E. Sessions", "id": "https://openalex.org/A5037375637" } ]	[ { "display_name": "Decolonization", "id": "https://openalex.org/C135544838" }, { "display_name": "State (computer science)", "id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436" }, { "display_name": "Welfare", "id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477" }, { "display_name": "Welfare state", "id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779" }, { "display_name": "Sociology", "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400" }, { "display_name": "Economic history", "id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427" }, { "display_name": "Media studies", "id": "https://openalex.org/C29595303" }, { "display_name": "Political science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445" }, { "display_name": "History", "id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728" }, { "display_name": "Law", "id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241" }, { "display_name": "Politics", "id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758" }, { "display_name": "Algorithm", "id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529" }, { "display_name": "Computer science", "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148" } ]	[ "Algeria" ]	[]	https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2280049499	"Lyons, Amelia H. The Civilizing Mission in the Metropole: Algerian Families and the French Welfare State during Decolonization Stanford CA: Stanford University Press 344 pp., $65.00 ISBN 978-0-8047-8421-4 Publication Date: November 2013." History: Reviews of New Books, 44(2), pp. 53–54	[ { "display_name": "History: Reviews of New Books", "id": "https://openalex.org/S4210168583", "type": "journal" } ]

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