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https://openalex.org/W2936433103
|
Household asset wealth and female labor supply in MENA
|
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"display_name": "Vladimír Hlásny",
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[
"Tunisia",
"Jordan",
"Egypt"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2936433103
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Female labor force participation rates in the Middle East and North Africa are low compared to other world regions. This study contributes to the literature explaining this phenomenon in Egypt (1998, 2006, 2012), Jordan (2010, 2016) and Tunisia (2014) by referring to women’s unearned incomes, whether in the form of household wealth, the presence of male earners in the household, or total male monthly income. We estimate probability models of women’s labor force participation, for the entire sample and, recognizing the role of wealth, by household wealth quintile. We find that the higher the wealth index of a woman’s household, the less likely the woman is to participate in the labor force. This result holds even when the presence of a male wage worker in the household is accounted for, and when male income is included. The degree of regional wealth inequality also has bearing on women’s labor force participation, but the results differ between Egypt, on the one hand, and Jordan and Tunisia, on the other hand. The magnitudes of the substitution and income effects on women’s labor force participation vary by country and survey wave, and particularly between women in different wealth quintiles.
|
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{
"display_name": "The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S125273398",
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|
https://openalex.org/W1725780075
|
Wealth distribution and self-employment in a developing country
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"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "Centre for Economic Policy Research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210140326",
"lat": 51.50853,
"long": -0.12574,
"type": "nonprofit"
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{
"country": "France",
"display_name": "Université de Toulouse",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I17866349",
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"display_name": "Alice Mesnard",
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"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Georgetown University",
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"display_name": "Martin Ravallion",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5005651933"
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"display_name": "Capital (architecture)",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C126285488"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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[
"Tunisia"
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"https://openalex.org/W2087884045",
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"https://openalex.org/W2093878416",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1725780075
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The extent of entrepreneurial activity in an economy with poorly developed capital markets depends on the distribution of wealth, though in potentially complex ways. A non-parametric model of the wealth effect on self-employment is estimated using micro data on the occupational choices of return migrants in Tunisia. Controls for heterogeneity are included, and tests are made for selection bias and separability between wealth and the controls. There is no sign of increasing returns at low wealth, suggesting generally low start-up costs in this setting. The aggregate self-employment rate is an increasing function of aggregate wealth, but a decreasing function of wealth inequality, though even substantial redistributions of wealth would have only a small impact.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Social Science Research Network",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172589",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2019604660
|
Is the End of the MFA a Threat?
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "France",
"display_name": "Sorbonne Université",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I39804081",
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"country": "France",
"display_name": "Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I51101395",
"lat": 48.85341,
"long": 2.3488,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Mohamed Ali Marouani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017994514"
}
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778126366"
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{
"display_name": "Clothing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C530175646"
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{
"display_name": "Unemployment rate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2994488168"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254"
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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[
"Tunisia"
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"https://openalex.org/W1566652483",
"https://openalex.org/W1987624456",
"https://openalex.org/W2016230695",
"https://openalex.org/W2090365985",
"https://openalex.org/W2156505010",
"https://openalex.org/W3122513906"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2019604660
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Abstract The end of the Multifiber Agreement in January, 2005 had a negative impact on the apparel industry of regional exporters, but the effects were weaker than expected. Using a dynamic general equilibrium model, the article provides a prospective assessment of the impact on Tunisia of the phase out of the MFA, and of the agreement which manages the rate of growth of Chinese clothing exports to Europe, until the end of 2007. The main findings are an increase in unemployment and wage inequality but no significant effects on the main macroeconomic variables, if the exchange rate management takes into account this shock.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Review of Development Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S95496512",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "Base Institutionnelle de Recherche de l'université Paris-Dauphine (BIRD) (University Paris-Dauphine)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401007",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2957220538
|
Inequality of opportunity and (unequal) opportunities in the youth labour market: How is the Arab world different?
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
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"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "University of Manchester",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I28407311",
"lat": 53.48095,
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"display_name": "Ralitza Dimova",
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"display_name": "Economic Policy Institute",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1325290502",
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"type": "nonprofit"
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],
"display_name": "Karim Stephan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5020932228"
}
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"display_name": "Youth unemployment",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780438764"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778126366"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Work (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18762648"
},
{
"display_name": "Vocational education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C668760"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C145236788"
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{
"display_name": "Supply and demand",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C120330832"
},
{
"display_name": "Middle East",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3651065"
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{
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{
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{
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[
"Tunisia",
"Jordan",
"Egypt"
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[
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"https://openalex.org/W1521338611",
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"https://openalex.org/W3190948128",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2957220538
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Abstract The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) labour market is emblematic of widespread youth unemployment and high discouragement rates, experiencing disproportionately high levels of unemployment among educated young people. Using ILO School‐to‐Work Transition Surveys for Egypt, Jordan and Tunisia, the authors explore whether this is related to inequality of opportunity or to deeper structural characteristics that create a mismatch between skill demand and supply on the labour market. The low availability of high‐skilled jobs and the low value placed on skills gained through the system of vocational training are found to have high explanatory power.
|
[
{
"display_name": "International Labour Review",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S50174339",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2995769750
|
Multi-Scalar Mapping of Potential Voters in Tunisia’s 2019 Presidential Elections
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mongi Belarem",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5089003186"
}
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C83009810"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C57691317"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C148383697"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2524010"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
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[
"Tunisia"
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[
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"https://openalex.org/W1601039629",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2995769750
|
In Tunisia, and after the 2011 revolution, the electoral potential increased between 2011, 2014, 2017, 2018 and 2019. Similarly, the structure of this potential, by age and sex, has evolved during these different periods. During the 2019 presidential and legislative elections, 6,620,983 people were registered to vote within Tunisia (www.isie.tn). The structure of this electoral potential deserves to be mapped and analysed on different scales. In this study and using the Hyperatlas software, we have mapped and analyzed the Tunisian electoral potential for 2019, by sex and age group. HyperAtlas is a means of multiscale analysis. It is a “tool for measuring and mapping territorial inequalities” (Ysebaert et al., 2011). After the creation of the registration database for elections, we were able to visualize and analyse the inequalities in distribution and structures between the three regions (North, Central and South), the six sub-regions (NE, NO, CE, CO, SE and SO), the 24 governorates of the territory and the 275 delegations of the country, on the one hand, and between the different units on the other hand.
|
[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210228874",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W3122985254
|
Is Inequality Bad for Business? A Nonlinear Microeconomic Model of Wealth Effects on Self-Employment
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Martin Ravallion",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5005651933"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Alice Mesnard",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5029717821"
}
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[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C170204755"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C67829756"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C556758197"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
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{
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{
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3122985254
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Data on occupational choice among return migrants in Tunisia reveal that higher inequality of wealth reduces the level of new business activity. The effect is not large, however. Even dramatic redistributions of wealth would not provide much stimulus to entrepreneurship. It is widely assumed that pervasive credit market failures mean that a person's current wealth is critical to whether or not that person takes up opportunities to start a new business. Mesnard and Ravallion show that inequality in wealth can be either good or bad for the level of entrepreneurship in an economy, depending on how diminishing returns to capital interact with borrowing constraints at the microeconomic level. They use nonparametric regression methods to study wealth effects on business start-ups among migrants returning to their home country, Tunisia. They include controls for heterogeneity, with specification tests for the nonseparable effects with wealth and for selection bias. There is no evidence of increasing returns at low wealth. The aggregate number of business start-ups is an increasing function of aggregate wealth but a decreasing function of wealth inequality. In other words, at any given mean, the higher the initial inequality of wealth, the lower the rate of new business start-ups, through the existence of diminishing returns to capital given liquidity constraints. In this sense, the results suggest that inequality is bad for business - but the size of this effect is small. The findings do not constitute a case for public redistribution of wealth as a means of stimulating business activity. There should probably be more research on interventions to reduce liquidity constraints. This paper - a product of Poverty and Human Resources, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to understand how the distribution of wealth in an economy influences macroeconomic activity and occupational structure. Martin Ravallion may be contacted at [email protected].
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[
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https://openalex.org/W1526401080
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Is Inequality Bad for Business? A Nonlinear Microeconomic Model of Wealth Effects on Self-Employment
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It is widely assumed that pervasive credit market failures mean that a person's current wealth is critical to whether or not that person can take up opportunities to start a new business. The authors show that inequality in wealth can be either good or bad for the level of entrepreneurship in an economy, depending on how diminishing returns to capital interact with borrowing constraints at the microeconomic level. They use nonparametric regression methods to study wealth effects on business start-ups among migrants returning to their home country, Tunisia. They include controls for heterogeneity, with specification tests for the nonseparable effects with wealth and for selection bias. There is no evidence of increasing returns at low wealth. The aggregate number of business start-ups is an increasing function of aggregate wealth but a decreasing function of wealth inequality. In other words, at any given mean, the higher the initial inequality of wealth, the lower the rate of new business start-ups, through the existence of diminshing returns to capital given liquidity constraints. In this sense, the results suggest that inequality is bad for business--but the size of this effect is small. The findings do not constitute a case for public redistribution of wealth as a means of stimulating business activity. There should probably be more research on interventions to reduce liquidity constraints.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4372402536
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Coping Strategies, well-being and inequalities during the COVID-19 pandemic period
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4372402536
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As a response to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, governments around the globe have carried on strict lockdown measures affecting millions of jobs, public life, and the well-being of people. This study examines people’s subjective well-being, such as the perception of the economic situation and mental well-being, who made adjustments to cope with the earning losses. We estimate the well-being cost, which is the money required to compensate people because of the reduction in earnings or employment loss and the coping strategy followed to bring their well-being to the levels of those who have not adopted any coping strategy. We examine two outcomes; the perception of the economic situation and a mental well-being index. We employ data from the ERF COVID-19 MENA Monitor Surveys for Egypt, Jordan, Morocco and Tunisia. The results show that coping strategies with earning losses impact well-being and are associated with high costs. In most cases, the coping strategies of borrowing from banks and selling assets present the highest well-being costs. Furthermore, the estimates highlight significant discrepancies across gender and types of workers, such as those employed in the informal sector and temporary contracts.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Current Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S203585231",
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https://openalex.org/W3141396575
|
Pauvrett Et Inngalitts En Tunisie: Une Approche Non Monntaire (Poverty And Inequalities In Tunisia: A Non-Monetary Approach)
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Morocco",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
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[
"Tunisia"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3141396575
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French Abstract: Dans ce travail nous construisons un indice composite de bien-etre (ICBE) base sur des attributs non monetaires des conditions de vie des menages afin d’analyser l’evolution de la pauvrete et des inegalites en Tunisie, entre 1988 et 2001, dans une perspective multidimensionnelle. Nous montrons que la pauvrete a connu une baisse significative durant la periode d’etude, bien que les disparites regionales et celles entre milieux de residence aient connu une certaine constance. La pauvrete est restee toujours un phenomene rural et les regions les plus pauvres du pays, en l’occurrence le nord (NO) et le centre ouest (CO) sont toujours les regions les plus demunies. Par ailleurs, l’amelioration des conditions de logement et l’acces aux moyens de communications sont des options non exploitees, elles peuvent avoir des effets marginaux assez importants dans la reduction de la pauvrete. Par ailleurs les inegalites ont connu une forte baisse durant la periode d’etude. Toutefois, les regions les plus pauvres et le milieu rural contribuent le plus aux inegalites totales. La decomposition des inegalites par source montre que l’acces aux moyens de communication et la possession des biens durables contribuent fortement aux ecarts de bien-etre entre les menages.
English Abstract: In this work we construct a composite index of well-being (ICBE) based on non-monetary attributes of the living conditions of households in order to analyze the evolution of poverty and inequalities in Tunisia, between 1988 and 2001, in a multidimensional perspective. We show that poverty dropped significantly during the study period, although regional and inter-residential disparities were fairly consistent. Poverty has always remained a rural phenomenon and the poorest regions of the country, namely the north (NW) and the west center (CO) are still the poorest regions. On the other hand, improved housing conditions and access to communications means are untapped options, and can have significant marginal effects in reducing poverty. In addition, inequalities fell sharply during the study period. However, the poorest regions and the rural areas contribute the most to total inequalities. The breakdown of inequalities by source shows that access to means of communication and the possession of durable goods contribute significantly to welfare differences between households.
|
[
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https://openalex.org/W2160905076
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IS THE END OF THE MFA A THREAT FOR THE TUNISIAN ECONOMY
|
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"display_name": "Mohamed Ali Marouani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017994514"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778126366"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2994488168"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C530175646"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2160905076
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The end of the Multifiber Agreement in January 2005 had a negative impact on the Tunisian apparel industry, but the effects were weaker than expected. Using a dynamic general equilibrium model, the article provides a prospective assessment of the impact on Tunisia of the phase out of the MFA and of the agreement which manages the rate of growth of Chinese clothing exports to Europe until the end of 2007. The main findings are an increase in unemployment and wage inequality, but no significant effects on the main macroeconomic variables if the exchange rate management takes into account this shock.
|
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W3124963142
|
Is the End of the MFA a threat
|
[
{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210091437",
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"type": "other"
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"display_name": "Mohamed Ali Marouani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017994514"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778126366"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
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[
"Tunisia"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3124963142
|
The end of the Multifiber Agreement in January 2005 had a negative impact on the Tunisian apparel industry, but the effects were weaker than expected. Using a dynamic general equilibrium model, the article provides a prospective assessment of the impact on Tunisia of the phase out of the MFA and of the agreement which manages the rate of growth of Chinese clothing exports to Europe until the end of 2007. The main findings are an increase in unemployment and wage inequality, but no significant effects on the main macroeconomic variables if the exchange rate management takes into account this shock.
|
[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W3124972165
|
Skill-biased Technological Change, E-skills and Wage Inequality: Evidence from Tunisia
|
[
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"display_name": "Najeh Aissaoui",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5085928269"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Lobna Ben Hassen",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5032187609"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C117568660"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777388388"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C145236788"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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[
"Tunisia"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3124972165
|
Although there is a plethora of literature that supports the existence of a technological bias in the US and Europe, exploring such a subject in the developing countries is still relevant and very little processed. This article is part of the perspective that involves examining and bringing additional insight to the phenomenon of the technological change skewed in the Tunisian context. Estimating a multinomial logit model directed to 902 employees generated very original results. First, these results confirm the existence of a technological bias in favour of skilled workers in the Tunisian labour market. However, it is no longer the access or the intensive use of ICT at work that privileges some employees and not others, in terms of pay, but rather the employees’ digital skills which contribute to rising inequality. Even more, it is the ability to get, select, process and evaluate information based on the specific needs and capacity to use it to achieve specific objectives, and not the simple manipulation of digital technologies and structures, that are at the core of the problem. Finally, the organizational change also contributes to the amplification of the existing wage disparities. Actually, the more independent the employee is in carrying out his tasks and works per project, the higher the probability of earning a high salary vs low and medium salary. However, several other types of organizations do not have any significant positive effect on the wage rise. This reflects a weakness in the labour organization in the Tunisian firms.
|
[
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
}
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|
https://openalex.org/W78318039
|
Impact de l'ouverture commerciale dans les pays en développement sur les inégalités de salaires entre travailleurs qualifiés et non qualifiés : cas de la Tunisie
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Monia Ghazali",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5039085992"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Economics",
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},
{
"display_name": "Economic rent",
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777388388"
},
{
"display_name": "Openness to experience",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C84976871"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C145236788"
},
{
"display_name": "Liberalization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C58823610"
},
{
"display_name": "Panel data",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6422946"
},
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "International economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18547055"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Social psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
}
] |
[
"Tunisia"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W78318039
|
This work aims to explore the mechanisms linking the Tunisian trade liberalization process to wage inequality between skilled and unskilled workers. The first study performs a preliminary descriptive analysis. Stylised facts on trade liberalization process and skilled-unskilled wage differentials are presented. The analysis reveals a widening of the wage gap after the implementation of trade liberalization reforms in 1986. This trend is particularly noticeable over the second half of the 1980s as well as after 2000, periods exhibiting a significant decline of the rate of trade protection. The second study attempts to identify, using panel data, the nature of the relationship between trade liberalization and wage inequality over the period 1975-2002. Regression results confirm the positive and statistically significant impact of trade openness on relative wages. The third study confirms the existence of a trade-induced technological change that contributes to increase the relative demand for skilled workers, over the period 1998-2002. The fourth study attempts to empirically explore the effects of trade liberalization process in Tunisia on average real wages and wage inequality, via industry rents. Results point out that skilled labour was more able than unskilled labour to capture rents before trade reforms. Therefore, the reduction of rents appears to have reduced wage inequality between skilled and unskilled labour, over the period 1998-2002 in Tunisia
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2897228229
|
Education, Earnings, and Returns to Schooling in Tunisia
|
[
{
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"display_name": "Imed Limam",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5070497445"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Abdelwahab Ben Hafaiedh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5043361703"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Earnings",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
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{
"display_name": "Productivity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204983608"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C86637286"
},
{
"display_name": "Labour economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145236788"
},
{
"display_name": "Quality (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779530757"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Epistemology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728"
}
] |
[
"Tunisia"
] |
[
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"https://openalex.org/W1592469546",
"https://openalex.org/W1848748976",
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"https://openalex.org/W3124026725",
"https://openalex.org/W3124601770",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2897228229
|
This chapter aims at identifying the main determinants of earnings and at estimating the private returns to education in Tunisia. The private rate of return to schooling is relatively low by international standards, especially for basic education. It is argued that in addition to the limited capacity of the economy to create high-productivity jobs, institutional factors may explain the low and heterogeneous returns to education in Tunisia. The returns to schooling are found to increase with the level of education. Regional disparities in earnings and returns to higher education may be explained by the lack of economic opportunities and low exposure to market forces in many inland regions, and also by differentiated early-life conditions as well as inequality of opportunity in access to quality education. These results are used to suggest directions to strengthen the role of public policies in reducing inequality of opportunities in both schooling and earnings.
|
[
{
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"type": "ebook platform"
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|
https://openalex.org/W3143183643
|
Skill-biased Technological Change, E-skills and Wage Inequality: Evidence from Tunisia
|
[
{
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"display_name": "Najeh Aissaoui",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5085928269"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Lobna Ben Hassen",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5032187609"
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[
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C137996800"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777388388"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C117568660"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Labour economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145236788"
},
{
"display_name": "Work (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18762648"
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{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
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{
"display_name": "Mechanical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C78519656"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666"
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{
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{
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{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
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{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
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] |
[
"Tunisia"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3143183643
|
Although there is a plethora of literature that supports the existence of a technological bias in the US and Europe, exploring such a subject in the developing countries is still relevant and very little processed. This article is part of the perspective that involves examining and bringing additional insight to the phenomenon of the technological change skewed in the Tunisian context. Estimating a multinomial logit model directed to 902 employees generated very original results. First, these results confirm the existence of a technological bias in favour of skilled workers in the Tunisian labour market. However, it is no longer the access or the intensive use of ICT at work that privileges some employees and not others, in terms of pay, but rather the employees’ digital skills which contribute to rising inequality. Even more, it is the ability to get, select, process and evaluate information based on the specific needs and capacity to use it to achieve specific objectives, and not the simple manipulation of digital technologies and structures, that are at the core of the problem. Finally, the organizational change also contributes to the amplification of the existing wage disparities. Actually, the more independent the employee is in carrying out his tasks and works per project, the higher the probability of earning a high salary vs low and medium salary. However, several other types of organizations do not have any significant positive effect on the wage rise. This reflects a weakness in the labour organization in the Tunisian firms.
|
[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306520297",
"type": "repository"
}
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|
https://openalex.org/W3124927243
|
Household Asset Wealth and Female Labor Supply in MENA
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Shireen Al Azzawi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5006302153"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Vladimír Hlásny",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5064212584"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Labour economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145236788"
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{
"display_name": "Wage",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777388388"
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{
"display_name": "Asset (computer security)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C76178495"
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{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Unearned income",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C146406624"
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{
"display_name": "Household income",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780892066"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C96250715"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C172008318"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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{
"display_name": "Tax reform",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C74939039"
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] |
[
"Tunisia",
"Jordan",
"Egypt"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3124927243
|
Female labor force participation rates in the Middle East and North Africa are low compared to other world regions. This study contributes to the literature explaining this phenomenon in Egypt, Jordan and Tunisia by referring to women’s unearned incomes, whether in the form of household wealth, the presence of male earners in the household, or expected wages in the labor market. We estimate probability models of women’s labor force participation, accounting for wealth indices based on households’ productive and non-productive assets. Recognizing the role of wealth, estimation is repeated by household wealth quintile. We find that the higher the wealth index of a woman’s household, the less likely the woman is to participate in the labor force. This result holds even when the presence of a male wage worker in the household is accounted for, and when own expected wages are included. Regional degree of wealth inequality has bearing on women’s labor force participation, but the results differ between Egypt, on the one hand, and Jordan and Tunisia, on the other hand. Overall, the magnitudes of the substitution and income effects of wages on women’s labor force participation vary by country and survey wave, and particularly between women in different wealth quintiles.
|
[
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
}
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|
https://openalex.org/W2728699064
|
Can Farmers’ Outlook Stand the Test of the Market and of Inequalities?
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Yves Guillermou",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5052026670"
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[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C91306197"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
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{
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[
"Tunisia"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2728699064
|
Family farming is increasingly involved in varyingly broad commercial networks, which often reinforces inequalities and reduces small farmers’ autonomy. This can be seen through the comparative analysis of two different regions (Western Cameroon and Southern Tunisia): both are highly hierarchical rural societies which are linked to an agroexport system, yet they have evolved radically differently. Both cases are characterized by harsh competition for natural resources and a clear split between a minority of large-scale farmers and a majority of family farmers, with a growing differentiation among the latter.
|
[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S91700283",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2580808286
|
Does Participation Improve Project Performance: Establishing Causality with Subjective Data
|
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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[
"Tunisia"
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[
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2580808286
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Data on occupational choice among return migrants in Tunisia reveal that higher inequality of wealth reduces the level of new business activity. The effect is not large, however. Even dramatic redistributions of wealth would not provide much stimulus to entrepreneurship. It is widely assumed that pervasive credit market failures mean that a person's current wealth is critical to whether or not that person takes up opportunities to start a new business. Mesnard and Ravallion show that inequality in wealth can be either good or bad for the level of entrepreneurship in an economy, depending on how diminishing returns to capital interact with borrowing constraints at the microeconomic level. They use nonparametric regression methods to study wealth effects on business start-ups among migrants returning to their home country, Tunisia. They include controls for heterogeneity, with specification tests for the nonseparable effects with wealth and for selection bias. There is no evidence of increasing returns at low wealth. The aggregate number of business start-ups is an increasing function of aggregate wealth but a decreasing function of wealth inequality. In other words, at any given mean, the higher the initial inequality of wealth, the lower the rate of new business start-ups, through the existence of diminishing returns to capital given liquidity constraints. In this sense, the results suggest that inequality is bad for business - but the size of this effect is small. The findings do not constitute a case for public redistribution of wealth as a means of stimulating business activity. There should probably be more research on interventions to reduce liquidity constraints. This paper - a product of Poverty and Human Resources, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to understand how the distribution of wealth in an economy influences macroeconomic activity and occupational structure. Martin Ravallion may be contacted at [email protected].
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https://openalex.org/W3125109633
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Trade liberalisation, rent sharing and wage inequality in Tunisia, 1998-2002
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3125109633
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This paper attempts to empirically explore the effects of trade liberalization process in Tunisia on average real wages and wage inequality, via industry rents. For this purpose, we adopt, following Revenga (1997), a flexible model of wage setting that can accommodate both the presence of rent-sharing behavior and competitive wage determination. The rent- sharing mechanism may affect firms’ employment response to trade liberalization. Indeed, bargaining workers could accept a reduction in wages subsequent to rent dissipation in order to preserve jobs. We assess this hypothesis by regressing a labor demand function derived from a model of employment determination that integrates trade impacts, following Mouelhi (2007).
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https://openalex.org/W3155536518
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The distributional impacts of development cooperation projects
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In 2015, world leaders committed, through the adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, to reduce inequalities. Accordingly, a specific Sustainable Development Goals Goal (SDG 10) has been expressly devoted to address this challenge. The objective of this study is to test the validity of a proposed methodology that assesses the extent to which programmes and projects implemented or funded by development cooperation agencies contribute to the goal of reducing inequality. The study focuses on three projects funded by Agence Francaise de Developpement: a programme that supports the improvement of urban housing in Tunisia, a programme that focus on building capacities of SMEs in Cameroon, and a budget support operation aimed to support a health sector reform in Colombia. Specifically, the study identifies whether programmes’ beneficiaries of the selected interventions belong to the bottom 40% of the wealth distribution, through a mix of analytical tools. First, a scoreboard that assesses whether or not inequality reduction is a central objective of development programmes; second, the Equity Tool, which helps assess the position of direct beneficiaries within the national (urban or rural) wealth distribution, and iii) the Commitment for Equity Tool, which helps estimate the distributional impact of general or sectoral budget support. Results show the efficacy of the methodology, in particular the possibility to obtain, with a limited budget and timeframe, relevant information about how, and the extent to which, development cooperation programmes reach the poorest bottom 40%, and whenever inequality reduction is an explicit objective of policy interventions. The methodology can be implemented ex-ante at baseline, before the implementation of projects or programmes, as well as ex-post, at endline of policy interventions. The analysis shows the efficacy of the methodology to evaluate the potential inequality reducing effects of development cooperation programmes and projects.
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https://openalex.org/W4239360721
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Inequality
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No AccessOct 2016InequalityAuthors/Editors: World BankWorld BankSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-0958-3_ch4AboutView ChaptersFull TextPDF (0.3 MB) ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In Abstract: Explains why inequality of outcomes—the inequality in income or consumption expenditure—matters both by itself and in the context of reducing poverty, documenting trends in income inequality and distinguishing between global, between-, and within-country inequalities. Global inequality increased from the industrial revolution through the 1980s, only falling since the early 1990s, especially since 2008. It proves wider today than in the 1820s, and the share of income going to the top 1 percent has increased in many countries. Within-country inequality for the average country only started to narrow in 1998, and for every country showing an increase in the Gini index (a measurement of income distribution of a country's residents) of more than one Gini point between 2008 and 2013, more than two other countries show a reduction by the same amount. Inequality remains unacceptably high, however, with the Gini exceeding 50 in several countries and exceeding 60 in Haiti and South Africa. ReferencesAguiar, Mark and Mark Bils. 2015. “Has Consumption Inequality Mirrored Income Inequality.” American Economic Review 105 (9): 2725–56. Google ScholarAlesina, Alberto and Rodrik Dani. 1994, “Distributive Politics and Economic Growth.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 109 (2): 465–90. Google ScholarAlvaredo, Facundo, B Anthony Atkinson, Piketty Thomas, and Saez Emmanuel. 2013. “The Top 1 Percent in International and Historical Perspective.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 27 (3): 3–20. 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Equality of Opportunity. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Google ScholarSEDLAC (Socio-Economic Database for Latin America and the Caribbean), Center for Distributive, Labor, and Social Studies, Universidad de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina; World Bank, Washington, DC (accessed June 14), http://sedlac.econo.unlp.edu.ar/eng/index.php. Google ScholarSmeeding, Timothy M 2000 “Changing Income Inequality in OECD Countries: Updated Results from the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS).” In The Personal Distribution of Income in an International Perspective, edited by Richard, Hauser and Becker Irene 205–24. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. Google ScholarSolt, Frederick. 2016. “Standardizing the World Income Inequality Database.” Social Science Quarterly 90 (2): 231–42. Google ScholarSouza, Pedro, H G de Ferreira, Medeiros Marcelo, and A Fabio Castro. 2015. “‘Top Incomes in Brazil: Preliminary Results.” Economics Bulletin 35 (2): 998–1004. 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Google ScholarVoitchovsky, Sarah. 2009. “Inequality and Economic Growth.” In The Oxford Handbook of Economic Inequality, edited by Wiemer, Salverda, Nolan Brian, and M Timothy Smeeding 549–74. New York: Oxford University Press. Google ScholarWorld Bank. 2005. World Development Report 2006: Equity and Development. Washington, DC: World Bank; New York: Oxford University Press. Google ScholarWorld Bank. 2014. The Unfinished Revolution: Bringing Opportunity, Good Jobs, and Greater Wealth to All Tunisians. Development Policy Review (May). Washington, DC: World Bank. Google ScholarWorld Bank. 2015. “Inequality, Uprisings, and Conflict in the Arab World.” MENA Economic Monitor (October), World Bank, Washington, DC. Google ScholarWorld Bank. 2016a. Global Monitoring Report 2015/16: Development Goals in an Era of Demographic Change. Washington, DC: World Bank. Google ScholarWorld Bank. 2016b. Indonesia’s Rising Divide: Why Inequality Is Rising, Why It Matters, and What Can Be Done. Jakarta: World Bank. Google Scholar Previous chapterNext chapter FiguresreferencesRecommendeddetails View Published: October 2016ISBN: 978-1-4648-0958-3e-ISBN: 978-1-4648-0979-8 Copyright & Permissions Related RegionsAfricaEast Asia & PacificEurope and Central AsiaLatin America & CaribbeanMiddle East and North AfricaSouth AsiaRelated CountriesAlbaniaArgentinaArmeniaBelarusChinaFranceGeorgiaIndiaIndonesiaJapanKazakhstanKorea, Republic ofKyrgyz RepublicMoldovaPolandRomaniaSerbiaSouth AfricaTaiwan, ChinaTurkeyUgandaUkraineUnited StatesRelated TopicsMacroeconomics and Economic GrowthPoverty Reduction KeywordsGAP BETWEEN POOR AND WEALTHYINEQUALITYLABOR MARKETMOVING OUT OF POVERTYPOVERTY AND POVERTY REDUCTIONPOVERTY ASSESSMENTSPOVERTY STATISTICSPROSPERITYSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALSSDGS PDF DownloadLoading ...
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https://openalex.org/W1547759362
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6 The Political Economy of Inequality
|
[
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"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "James A. Robinson",
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{
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"Sudan"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1547759362
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The extent of inequality in society is determined by the distribution of assets, the rates of returns on different assets, and government policy. All of these things are deeply political and reflect the balance of political power in society and the institutions to which this balance gives rise. I illustrate this perspective on the determination of inequality by a case study of the Sudan and argue that in the Middle East and North African countries it suggests a paradox - inequality is much lower than one might anticipate. I make some conjectures about why this might be based on a comparison with the historical development of inequality in Latin America.
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https://openalex.org/W1544695149
|
An Analysis of Growth and Inequality in Sudan: Cointegration and Causality Evidence (1956-2003)
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The relationship between growth and inequality has been analysed by a number of recent empirical studies. This paper re-examines the relationship between of growth and inequality for the period 1956-2003 for Sudan. It builds upon different models to investigate empirically the relationship between economic growth - as measured by GDP per capita growth - and inequality (the growth, inequality and poverty triangle hypotheses), using data from the national and international sources. We investigate the following hypotheses: i) whether growth, inequality and poverty are cointegrated using the Johansen approach and F-bound cointegration test, ii( whether growth Granger causes inequality, iii) and whether inequality Granger causes poverty. Finally, a VAR is constructed and impulse response functions (IRFs) are employed to investigate the effects of macroeconomic shocks . The results suggest that growth, poverty and inequality are cointegrated when poverty and inequality are the dependent variable, but are not cointegrated when growth is the dependent variable. In the long-run the causality runs from inequality, poverty to growth, to poverty. In the short-run causal effects, runs from poverty to growth. Thus, there is unidirectional relationship, running from growth to poverty, both in the long-run and short-run.
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https://openalex.org/W3121684833
|
Assessment of the gender gap in Sudan
|
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"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Samia Satti Osman Mohamed Nour",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3121684833
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This paper examines the gender gap in education and investigates the related implications on the labour market and returns to education in Sudan. Our results confirm two stylized facts: first, the incidence of significant gender gap in education in Sudan and second, the incidence of gender inequalities and gap in skill level, share of women in economic activities, labour force participation rate, employment and returns to education can be interpreted in relation to the incidence of gender gap in education. We fill the gap in the Sudanese literature by addressing the gender gap in education and related implications in labour market and returns to education, since these issues are not adequately discussed in the Sudanese literature. A novel element in our analysis is that we use new primary survey data at the micro level to show the gap and differences in returns to education and correlation between wage and education, experience and its square defined by gender in Sudan. Our findings at the micro level imply that the slight gender gap or difference in the rate of return to education in favour of women is only 0.2 which is not very noticeable. These findings indicate the importance of enhancing educational attainment for women to facilitate improvement of return to education for women. We find that in general women are likely to be more unemployed than men. The major policy implications and recommendations from our analysis are that Sudan needs to reduce the gender gap in education and related implication in the labour market. By investing large amounts of resources in increasing women's educational attainment, improving economic participation, increasing employment opportunities and improving equal and fair returns to education for Sudanese women to better integrate Sudanese women into the economy to reap the benefits of investment in empowerment of women.
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https://openalex.org/W2982163875
|
CHALLENGES OF WOMEN CAREER ADVANCEMENT IN KNOWLEDGE-BASED SERVICE INDUSTRY: CASE OF THE BANKING SYSTEM IN SUDAN
|
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"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Community College of Qatar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210116586",
"lat": 25.266058,
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"display_name": "Amna Abdelnur",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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"display_name": "Preference",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781249084"
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"display_name": "Knowledge economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162696548"
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{
"display_name": "Service provider",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C116537"
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{
"display_name": "Banking industry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2986226071"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
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{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
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{
"display_name": "Knowledge management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56739046"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C121955636"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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"display_name": "Microeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C175444787"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2982163875
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The purpose of this study is to make an assessment of the challenges to female career advancement in a knowledge-based services industry - the banking industry. In this paper the researcher is studying the challenges facing Information Technology (IT) female workforce in their profession. Several barriers prohibit promoting female workforce skills by reducing their capacity to learn and limit their competencies in providing knowledge-based enhanced services. Specific Data on barriers of women advancement in banking system was collected from 57 females working in junior and middle IT jobs in banks in Sudan. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire using purposive sampling and was analyzed using frequencies and mean. Research findings show that knowledge-based banking sector is marked by sustained growth in its services. However, the majority of the IT senior jobs are handled by male workforce. Findings showed that the gap in the skills between the two genders contributed to preference of male worker, lack of training, male domination in knowledge-based banking sector, the demanding nature of the job, less flexible time and personal barriers. The research recommended enhancing knowledge- based services by leveraging on the skills of the female workforce by training and changing the organization culture. Keywords: Career advancement , Knowledge- based Economy, Inequality JEL Classifications: M15, D63, J31DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.8727
|
[
{
"display_name": "International Review of Management and Marketing",
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"type": "journal"
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{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2187751777
|
ANALYSIS OF INCOME AND EXPENDITURES DISTRIBUTION AMONG GUM ARABIC MARKETERS IN NORTH-EASTERN NIGERIA
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Haliru Y. U",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075720297"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "P. O. Anegbeh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5003133458"
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[
{
"display_name": "Gum arabic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780054349"
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{
"display_name": "Arabic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C96455323"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C45355965"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
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{
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{
"display_name": "Statistics",
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{
"display_name": "Food science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C31903555"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
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{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
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[
"Sudan"
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[
"https://openalex.org/W2042536931",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2187751777
|
The study examined the income and expenditures distribution among gum arabic marketers in North-Eastern Nigeria. There are over 1100 different species of Acacia, called gum arabic found mainly in Africa. Three of these species; A. senegal, A. sayel and A. seberina happened to be the most economic ones as they are demanded worldwide for usage in virtually all human endeavourers. Nigeria is the second largest producer and supplier of gum arabic globally after Sudan. Data for the study were collected through the use of structured questionnaire and oral interview on 150 gum arabic marketers in Adamawa, Taraba and Yobe states Nigeria. Descriptive statistics and General Entropy class of measure models were used to analyse the data. Results revealed respondents' mean age, gum arabic marketing experience and household size as 53, 18 years and 12 people respectively. The results for General Entropy class of measure indicate income inequality distribution between and within groups of respondents as N 5.66 and N -0.999 respectively. These imply that there were significant variations in income generation between the groups respondents but statistically insignificant within the groups. Also, the results depict significant variation in expenditures distribution between and within groups of respondents with statistical values as N 4.99 and N 7.424 respectively. The variations could be due to inequalities in income generation from gum arabic by the respondents. The study suggested government to assist the poor resource gum arabic marketers with soft loans to finance their gum arabic business in order to bridge the income inequality gap among the marketers. This will create better condition for proper competition for a near perfect gum arabic marketing environment that will lead to more revenue generation and poverty alleviation in the study area.
|
[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306511554",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2511281044
|
THE DAMASCUS INEQUALITY
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Fozi M. Dannan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5023439534"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Sergei M. Sitnik",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5064737456"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C108710211"
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{
"display_name": "Product (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C90673727"
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{
"display_name": "Calculus (dental)",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C144237770"
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{
"display_name": "Algebra over a field",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136119220"
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{
"display_name": "Pure mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C202444582"
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{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
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{
"display_name": "Geometry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2524010"
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Dentistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199343813"
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[
"Syria"
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[
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"https://openalex.org/W2006309149",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2511281044
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In 2016 Prof. Fozi M. Dannan from Damascus, Syria proposed an inequality for three positive numbers with unit product. It became widely known but was not proved yet in spite of elementary formulation. We give some proofs for this inequality, a number of its generalizations and some connected unsolved problems and conjectures.
|
[
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"display_name": "Проблемы анализа",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210196886",
"type": "journal"
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{
"display_name": "arXiv (Cornell University)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400194",
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},
{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2224808627
|
G20 monitor: G20 outreach to society in 2015
|
[
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"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Tristram Sainsbury",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Jeffrey S. Hardy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5060662821"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Sharan Burrow",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5054277956"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "John Evans",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5054808021"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ussal Sahbaz",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5000407246"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Feride Inan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075210964"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Erin Watson-Lynn",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5035884757"
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[
"Syria"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2224808627
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G20 engagement group representatives from Business (B20), Civil Society (C20), Labour (L20), Think Tanks (T20), Women (W20), and Youth (Y20) have contributed to the 18th issue of the G20 Monitor. The representatives address how their groups have contributed to the G20 process in 2015, their priorities for the G20, and what would constitute success in terms of possible outcomes from the Antalya Summit. Key findings The G20 engagement groups represent a cross-section of society at the G20. They have an important role in publicly holding the G20 to account, assessing the forum’s performance, and contributing to the G20 agenda. The groups have differing agendas and vastly different priorities ahead of the Antalya Leaders’ Summit in November. However, there are some areas of overlap, such as calls from several groups for G20 leaders to respond to the Syrian refugee crisis and be more active in addressing gender inequality. Open and effective outreach to broader society should be an important priority of the 2016 Chinese G20 Presidency. China should look to improve the efficiency of the engagement processes in 2016, so that engagement groups are more focused on recommending fewer, but more pragmatic and high-impact policy solutions.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1964793431
|
SOCIAL ACCOUNTING MATRICES FOR DEVELOPMENT PLANNING<sup>1</sup>
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[
"Iran"
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"https://openalex.org/W2054668942",
"https://openalex.org/W2102977346",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1964793431
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The paper reports experience in constructing social accounting matrices (SAMs) for three national economies, viz. Iran, Sri Lanka and Swaziland. The SAMs focus particularly on the distribution of income through disaggregation of household sector income and outlay accounts consistent with more conventional disaggregation of production, factors, etc. The SAMs were conceived as an initial step towards understanding income distribution as an integral part of the development process and have been developed in parallel with work on planning models. Both the Iran and Sri Lanka SAMs were constructed within the context of the International Labour Office, World Employment Programme: that for Iran was intended as a contribution to the work of the Comprehensive Employment Strategy Mission to Iran under WEP auspices; while the Sri Lanka SAM was more specifically a research oriented study. The Swaziland study was financed by the Overseas Development Ministry, London as a research activity. Some learning‐by‐doing was involved in the sequence of SAMs and the problems encountered, solutions adopted and lessons learned provide the main substance of the paper.
|
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"type": "repository"
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https://openalex.org/W3127800895
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Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mobility in ten countries and associated perceived risk for all transport modes
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The restrictive measures implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic have triggered sudden massive changes to travel behaviors of people all around the world. This study examines the individual mobility patterns for all transport modes (walk, bicycle, motorcycle, car driven alone, car driven in company, bus, subway, tram, train, airplane) before and during the restrictions adopted in ten countries on six continents: Australia, Brazil, China, Ghana, India, Iran, Italy, Norway, South Africa and the United States. This cross-country study also aims at understanding the predictors of protective behaviors related to the transport sector and COVID-19. Findings hinge upon an online survey conducted in May 2020 (N = 9,394). The empirical results quantify tremendous disruptions for both commuting and non-commuting travels, highlighting substantial reductions in the frequency of all types of trips and use of all modes. In terms of potential virus spread, airplanes and buses are perceived to be the riskiest transport modes, while avoidance of public transport is consistently found across the countries. According to the Protection Motivation Theory, the study sheds new light on the fact that two indicators, namely income inequality, expressed as Gini index, and the reported number of deaths due to COVID-19 per 100,000 inhabitants, aggravate respondents’ perceptions. This research indicates that socio-economic inequality and morbidity are not only related to actual health risks, as well documented in the relevant literature, but also to the perceived risks. These findings document the global impact of the COVID-19 crisis as well as provide guidance for transportation practitioners in developing future strategies.
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https://openalex.org/W2144518981
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Catastrophic Health Expenditure Among Iranian Rural and Urban Households, 2013 - 2014
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2144518981
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During the last two decades, the trend of out-of-pocket payments (OOP) for health services by Iranian households has been a matter of concern and it has exposed a significant proportion of them to catastrophic and impoverishing health expenditures.The current study aimed to investigate three objectives: First, the mean of out-of-pocket payments among Iranian households for health services; second, the headcount and overshoot measures of catastrophic health expenditure; and finally the level of inequality in its distribution.This descriptive study on Iranian rural and urban households was conducted from April to June 2015. The sample sizes were 19437 rural and 18888 urban households that Iranian Statistical Centre (ISC) selected them through a three -step randomized clustered sampling. The headcount and overshoot measures for catastrophic health expenditure were calculated. Also, the concentration index was calculated in order to investigate the inequality in distribution of the mentioned measures.The catastrophic health expenditure headcount ratio varied from 0.5% to 14.3% and from 0.48% to 13.27% for rural and urban households, respectively. Also, the overshoot of catastrophic health expenditure varied from 9.62% to 18.72% and from 8.8% to 17.74% for rural and urban households, respectively.Considering Iran's economic condition during the last five years, the catastrophic health expenditure headcount ratio was more than 2% in Iran.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S185149661",
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https://openalex.org/W2093653682
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AGM inequality with binomial expansion
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C29694066"
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[
"Iran"
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[
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2093653682
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Jamal Rooin received his M.S. from the Teacher Education University in Teheran, Iran, in 1989. In 1997 he became a Ph.D. student at that university, where he graduated in the year 2002. Since then he is an assistant professor at the Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences in Zanjan, Iran. His mathematical research interests include the theory of inequalities, problems in analysis and functional analysis.
|
[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210222070",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W1985882349
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Multiobjective Problems with Nonsmooth Equality Constraints
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[
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1985882349
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Abstract We study a multiobjective problem with a feasible set defined by equality and inequality constraints. Then, by using the concept of K-directional derivative, we prove general optimality conditions as well as results concerning duality theorems. Keywords: DualityMultiobjective programmingNonsmooth analysisOptimality conditionsAMS Subject Classification: 90C2949J52 ACKNOWLEDGMENT This work was supported by Center of Excellence for Mathematics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
|
[
{
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|
https://openalex.org/W2078884258
|
Ky Fan's inequality with binomial expansion
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[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/A5007938726"
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[
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781315470"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C144237770"
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C100906024"
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[
"Iran"
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[
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2078884258
|
Jamal Rooin received his M.S. from the Teacher Education University in Teheran, Iran, in 1989. In 1997 he became a Ph.D. student at that university, where he graduated in the year 2002. He is now assistant professor at the Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences in Zanjan, Iran. His mathematical research interests include the theory of inequalities, problems in analysis and functional analysis.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Elemente der Mathematik",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210222070",
"type": "journal"
}
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|
https://openalex.org/W3021363586
|
Inequality in distribution of physician and general practitioner in Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran (2009-2017)
|
[
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{
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"display_name": "Chabahar Maritime University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210096424",
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"display_name": "Mahdi Shahraki",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
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[
"Iran"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3021363586
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Inequality in distribution of physician and general practitioner in Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran (2009-2017)
|
[
{
"display_name": "Payesh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2736967741",
"type": "journal"
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{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
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|
https://openalex.org/W4220955149
|
Inequality in Cosmetic Services and Surgery among Iranian Households in 2019: A Decomposition Analysis
|
[
{
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{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Tehran University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I70640408",
"lat": 35.69439,
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"display_name": "Sajad Ramandi",
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"Iran"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4220955149
|
The demand for cosmetic surgery is on the rise worldwide, making it the common form of surgery globally while the use of cosmetic surgery being exponentially high in Iran. The aim of this study was to investigate inequality in the use of cosmetic services and surgery (CSS) among Iranian households concerning demographic and socio-economic characteristics.This study used data of 38960 Iranian household from the income-expenditure survey of the statistical center of Iran (SCI) in 2019. Concentration index (C) was used to measure inequalities in the use of CSS. Microsoft Excel sheet 2019 was used to extract the data, and the analysis was performed using Stata statistical package version 14.2.Households with female head, with single head, households with 3 - 4 people, headed with undergraduate education person, households with insurance coverage, with higher socio-economic quintiles, rural households and residents of northwestern Iran were accounted for the highest use of CSS. Also, according to the decomposition analysis, wealth and education level are the two main factors in creating inequality, with wealth, having the highest positive share (88.11%) and education level having the most negative share (-5.26%) in creating measured inequality.The use of CSS is more concentrated in well-off households in Iran. As the resources of health system are limited, the government and the policy makers should have defined plans with regards to CSS use especially taking factors like socioeconomic status and education status of target groups in to account.
|
[
{
"display_name": "World journal of plastic surgery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764496686",
"type": "journal"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2147167039
|
Classifying regional development in Iran (Application of Composite Index Approach)
|
[
{
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"display_name": "G H Abdollahzade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5007404068"
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{
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"display_name": "A Sharifzadeh",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C202444582"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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[
"Iran"
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[
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2147167039
|
Extended abstract 1Introduction The spatial economy of Iran, like that of so many other developing countries, is characterized by an uneven spatial pattern of economic activities. The problem of spatial inequality emerged when efficiency-oriented sectoral policies came into conflict with the spatial dimension of development (Atash, 1988). Due to this conflict, extreme imbalanced development in Iran was created. Moreover spatial uneven distribution of economic activities in Iran is unknown and incomplete. So, there is an urgent need for more efficient and effective design, targeting and implementing interventions to manage spatial imbalances in development. Hence, the identification of development patterns at spatial scale and the factors generating them can help improve planning if development programs are focused on removing the constraints adversely affecting development in potentially good areas.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of urban and regional studies and research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2765029263",
"type": "journal"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1968317903
|
A price endogenous computable planning model for a dual economy
|
[
{
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{
"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "University of Sunderland",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I5728261",
"lat": 54.90465,
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}
],
"display_name": "Hamid Seddighi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5044251123"
}
] |
[
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},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C20522121"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780980858"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779745859"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C519300510"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2983335520"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C106487976"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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{
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{
"display_name": "Art",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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[
"Iran"
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[
"https://openalex.org/W1964793431",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1968317903
|
This paper examines the nature of linkages between growth, employment and functional distribution of income in a dual economy. The analysis is carried out in terms of a dual economy general equilibrium model which is implicitly based on a social accounting matrix (SAM) type of information system. The parameter values and the structure of the model are based on Iranian data and the selection of policy packages is inspired by those undertaken in Iran during the 1970s. The model sheds some light on the consequences of the policies by quantifying their potential impact on the sectoral growth of output, levels of employment and functional distribution of income in the rural and urban areas.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Economic Modelling",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S141184754",
"type": "journal"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2946138567
|
A Decomposition Analysis of Inequality in Malnutrition among Under-Five Children in Iran: Findings from Multiple Indicator Demographic and Health Survey, 2010
|
[
{
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{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Iran University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I161106909",
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"display_name": "Abdollah Almasian Kia",
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Shiraz University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I194604659",
"lat": 29.61031,
"long": 52.53113,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Sahar Goodarzi",
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Lorestan University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I3121602497",
"lat": 33.48778,
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],
"display_name": "Heshmatollah Asadi",
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{
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{
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"display_name": "Ministry of Health and Medical Education",
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],
"display_name": "Aziz Rezapour",
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[
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779764123"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C134018914"
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[
"Iran"
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[
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"https://openalex.org/W2523786280",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2946138567
|
Nutritional status at the early stages of children's lives is essential for growth and development not only in infancy but also in adult life. This study aimed to measure the inequality in malnutrition among under-five children in Iran and explore the impact of socioeconomic factors on this inequality using a regression-based decomposition approach.Data were extracted from Iran's Multiple-Indicator Demographic and Health Survey 2010. The concentration index of stunting, underweight, and wasting were applied in order to measure the magnitude of socioeconomic inequality in child malnutrition. Moreover, the concentration indices were decomposed to understand the contribution of socioeconomic variables in childhood malnutrition inequality.The obtained concentration indices of stunting, underweight, and wasting were respectively -0.177, -0.092, and -0.031. Socioeconomic inequality in stunting and underweight was statistically significant, however this socioeconomic gradient was not observed in wasting. More than 50% of the inequality in stunting and about 63% of the inequality in underweight were influenced by socioeconomic status. Furthermore, maternal education was associated with 19% and 22% of inequality in stunting and underweight respectively.The average reduction of malnutrition indices at the national level hides the burden of malnutrition among children in poor families. If government and policymakers seek to solve this problem, they have to take direct and targeted actions to eliminate the existing inequalities in the socioeconomic determinants associated with malnutrition.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Iranian journal of public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210187943",
"type": "journal"
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{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
"type": "repository"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2990331488
|
Socioeconomic Inequality in Fruit and Vegetable Consumptions in Elderly People: A Cross Sectional Study in North West of Iran
|
[
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"display_name": "National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute",
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"display_name": "Amin Mokari-Yamchi",
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{
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"display_name": "Mashhad University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I165560825",
"lat": 36.29807,
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"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Saeid Sadeghian-Sharif",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5013499857"
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{
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{
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"display_name": "Isfahan University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I114982161",
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"display_name": "Elyas Nattagh‐Eshtivani",
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"display_name": "National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210107800",
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{
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"display_name": "Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I58048189",
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"display_name": "Ammar Salehi‐Sahlabadi",
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{
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"display_name": "Tabriz University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I163205636",
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"display_name": "Abed Ghavami",
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{
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"display_name": "Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences",
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"display_name": "Tabriz University of Medical Sciences",
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Socioeconomic Inequality in Fruit and Vegetable Consumptions in Elderly People: A Cross Sectional Study in North West of Iran
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[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210180795",
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|
https://openalex.org/W2777649407
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The Rise and Fall of Top Incomes in Iran 1985-2015
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T
his paper studies top income shares in Iran, using 26 Household Expenditure and Income Surveys conducted by the Statistical Center of Iran over the period 1985-2015. It is shown that after the imposed Iran-Iraq war, top income groups were raising their real income and income share by 2006; however, both their share and real income fell immediately after 2006 such that the numbers are now below their wartime level. It is explained that the fall is caused by the negative effects of the United Nations Security Council sanctions on the top capital income earners. The paper also measures the concentration of income by the inverted Pareto coefficient and finds that the concentration had been generally increasing by 2000; however, the upward trend reverses from 2000 onwards. Although the concentration of income and the top income groups’ share have fallen significantly in Iran in recent years, the numbers are still large, and Iran is among the most inegalitarian countries.
|
[
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"display_name": "iranian economic review",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764934467",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W1995385140
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Introduction to a special issue on “inequality, politics and power”
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1995385140
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consists of three papers originallypresented at the III World Bank Conference on Inequality, which was held inWashington, DC, in June 2006. Twenty-one papers – selected from among morethan one hundred submissions – were presented at the 2-day conference, which wasorganized by the Research Department and the Poverty Reduction and EconomicManagement Network of the World Bank. The conference theme was “Inequality,Politics and Power”, and the idea was to showcase research that shed new lighton the inter-relationships between economic and political inequalities. The selectedpapers covered a much wider array of sub-topics than we had anticipated, leading toconference sessions on “Land and Power”, “Elections and Revolts”, “Education andPolitics”, and so on.The three papers selected for publication in this issue – albeit after independentrefereeing and the resulting revisions – retain the diversity of topics and perspectiveswhich characterized the conference. Djavad Salehi-Isfahani’s, “Poverty, inequalityand populist politics in Iran” is a careful empirical investigation of the dynamicsof poverty and inequality in Iran since the 1979 Revolution, using a rich set ofhousehold surveys that has hitherto been under-explored (at least outside Iran). Thepaper reports a significant increase in poverty during the eight-year war with Iraq,followed by a marked decline thereafter, as economic growth resumed. However, thefindings regarding income inequality are more ambiguous: after an initial decline, theGini coefficient (for consumption expenditures) remained broadly stable at around0.42–0.45, between 1983 and 2005. The claim is frequently made that a shift towardseconomic populism in Iran’s politics around 2005 may have been caused by risingpoverty and inequality. The author concludes that this claim “is not grounded infacts”, although it does appear to be true that the Iranian government has not beenas successful in lowering inequality as it has been in reducing poverty.
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|
https://openalex.org/W2182723888
|
Comparative Evaluation of the Degree of Agricultural Development of Iranian Provinces During the Third and Fourth Economic Development Plans
|
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C118487528"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2182723888
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The regional inequalities and disequilibrium in agriculture sector are main attributes of the developing countries that result in polar growth policies. The recognition of available differences between different areas at level of country in view of their enjoying of agriculture indexes, to purpose for knowledge of development levels and or their deprivation and reduction in regional inequalities and regulating of plans suitable with conditions and facilities of each region are an inevitable necessity. The purpose of this paper is to investigate and compare the degree of agricultural development in Iranian provinces and agricultural duality, during the third and fourth five-year economic development plan. First, in this paper, introduced 24 indexes were evaluated. Then, using the technique of factor analysis, the multicollinearity between primary indexes are deleted and reduced to fewer factors. Then, using the techniques of numerical taxonomy, the degree of agricultural development of Iranian provinces is calculated and finally the agricultural duality was investigated. Results show that the level of Iranian provinces agricultural development in the fourth plan has average increase compared to third economic development and the agricultural duality between them is reduced. Isfahan as the most developed provinces in most years' plans and Fars had remarkable progress in compared with the third economic growth plan.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2083931097
|
Privatisation as Proxy of Distribution: Is it possible? (The Justice Shares Mass Privatisation Case of Iran)
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2083931097
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Abstract Through a privatisation scheme called the “Justice Shares Plan,” the Iranian government has privatised many state‐owned companies via dividing and distributing shares among low‐income families. This study explains and evaluates the government's plan from different aspects. The findings show that the share‐based mass privatisation initiative hasn't achieved its performance‐enhancing goals in privatised companies. The study also finds that the plan has slightly reduced the income inequality. The plan eventually could not continue to disburse dividends to stock holders due to financial and legislative difficulties.
|
[
{
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https://openalex.org/W2892473815
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Spatial Distribution of Health Services in Iranian Provinces at the End of the Fifth Development Plan; 2015 (Based on Health Structural Indicators)
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Background: Human capital is one of the key factors in sustainable development, and health is an important part of human capital. According to this, a major goal of the Fifth and Sixth Development Plans in Iran was the establishment of regional equilibrium and justice as well as reduction of inequality in health indicators. Objectives: This research aimed at ranking and comparing Iranian provinces in terms of the level of development of health indicators and the utilization of resources in the final year of the Fifth Plan (2015). Methods: Following the objectives of the research and based on 17 indicators, the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method was applied to calculate and compare provincial development level in health indicators during year 2015. Besides, the Moran test was used to examine the impact of development of health indicators in a province on neighboring provincesâ indicators. Results: In the final year of the Fifth Plan (2015), among thirty-one provinces studied, Semnan and Khuzestan had the highest and the lowest levels of healthcare development in the country, respectively. In this area, the five provinces of Semnan, Markazi, Yazd, and Southern Khorasan were respectively the most benefited while Qom, Kerman, Sistan and Baluchestan, Alborz, and Khuzestan were the most deprived provinces of the country. Also, an inverse relationship was found between greater concentration of resources in a region and less resources and benefits in neighboring areas. Conclusions: The ranking and comparison of the level of development of health indicators in provinces at the end of the Fifth Program indicated that healthcare resources and facilities were distributed unequally. If the distribution pattern is not improved, greater concentration of facilities in more beneficial areas will lead to further weakening of neighboring areas. According to the results, Qom, Kerman, Sistan and Baluchestan, Alborz, and Khuzestan provinces had less access. Therefore, due attention is needed by policy-making on these indicators. The type of indicators showed that the environmental conditions in Khuzestan, especially the problem of microorganisms in the air, have generated reluctance among physicians to work in these areas. Therefore, in addition to reviewing resource allocation as revealed by the indicators, it is necessary to use incentive levers to compensate for these problems.
|
[
{
"display_name": "مجله علوم بهداشتی جندیشاپور",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210191870",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W1757034904
|
Development of a socioeconomic status index to interpret inequalities in oral health in developing countries.
|
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{
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{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I58048189",
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"display_name": "Zahra Ghorbani",
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{
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"display_name": "Shahram Yazdani",
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{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I58048189",
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"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Zohreh Amiri",
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"display_name": "Socioeconomic status",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C110888244"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777382242"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C83864248"
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"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1757034904
|
PURPOSE To develop an instrument to measure socioeconomic status (SES) in order to assess SES-related inequalities in oral health in a developing country. MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to develop a SES measurement tool, an expert panel generated a primary item pool from which the items were revised after validity and reliability testing. The final instrument was used in a 1100-sample survey in Tehran. SES was calculated using the weights produced by both principal component analysis (PCA) and expert panel two-stage paired comparisons (TSPC) methods. RESULTS The final instrument contained 10 items. Standardised SES scores derived from TSPC and PCA methods were significantly correlated (r = 0.749, P < 0.001). Five-level SES stratification by the two methods revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.701 (P < 0.001) for SES class. CONCLUSION The newly developed SES index was appropriate to be used in exploring oral health inequalities in the studied sample of the Iranian population. When formulating SES, domestic experts' opinions could help the researchers explore and weight sub-construct factors.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S117780675",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1976010664
|
Sustainable Development and Socio- Economic Duality Using Fuzzy System-A Case Study of Iran
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Jalil Khodaparast Shirazi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5053877987"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohammad Reza Ebrahimi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075231117"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mazda Moatari",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037151410"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Duality (order theory)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778023678"
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{
"display_name": "Homogeneous",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C66882249"
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{
"display_name": "Sustainable development",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C552854447"
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{
"display_name": "Fuzzy logic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C58166"
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{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
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{
"display_name": "Macro",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166955791"
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{
"display_name": "Regional science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C148383697"
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{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
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{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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"display_name": "Pure mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C202444582"
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"display_name": "Artificial intelligence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897"
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[
"Iran"
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"https://openalex.org/W1988788413",
"https://openalex.org/W2024909265",
"https://openalex.org/W2073412718"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1976010664
|
Homogeneous development and decreasing of inequalities is a logical link between local and national program in macro level. Recognizing inequalities in the process of sustainable development play the major role for programmers. In this study, regarding the complicated qualification and qualitative of socio-economic indices, Iran provinces were ranked by fuzzy system during 2001-2006. In addition, duality in the concept of gap and differences among provinces were determined using the selected indices. Results showed that although country’s provinces became more homogeneous from the viewpoint of some of sustainable development indices, the distance among several provinces is still high and there is no clear relation among provinces during this study. This study shows that one development program cannot be effective for all areas of a country with socio-economic duality.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Modern Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S72925349",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2987128535
|
Factors Affecting Demand and Utilization of Dental Services: Evidence from a Developing Country
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Lorestan University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I3121602497",
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"display_name": "Soraya Nouraei Motlagh",
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{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Iran University of Medical Sciences",
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"display_name": "Saman Ghasempour",
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"display_name": "Lorestan University of Medical Sciences",
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"display_name": "Razyeh Bajoulvand",
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{
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"display_name": "Lorestan University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I3121602497",
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"display_name": "Sara Hasanvand",
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{
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"display_name": "Lorestan University of Medical Sciences",
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"display_name": "Lorestan University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I3121602497",
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"display_name": "Mohammad Hasan Imani-Nasab",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5024152827"
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[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C147077947"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C27415008"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C151956035"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C49898467"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777382242"
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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{
"display_name": "Household income",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780892066"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C136764020"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
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[
"Iran"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2987128535
|
Background: To achieve evidence-based policymaking to improve access to dental services and reduce inequality in the utilization of these services, the identification of effective factors on the use of dental services is essential. Objectives: Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the most important socioeconomic factors affecting the demand and utilization of dental services among households in Khorramabad, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed among 500 households in Khorramabad city in 2017. The participants were selected using a randomized stratified sampling method. Logistic regression was used to determine the most important factors affecting the utilization of dental services and linear regression to examine income elasticity. To measure inequality among income groups, the concentration index was employed. Data analysis was performed using STATA-14 software and the inequality measurement was carried out using DASP-2.3 in STATA software. Results: The mean number of visits by the respondents was 2.78 ± 1.8. Income elasticity and concentration index for these services were estimated to be 0.31 and 0.207, respectively. Increasing household income, advancing age, higher education level of the head of the household, and having complementary insurance coverage (OR = 1.72) had positive relationships with the increased utilization of dental services. Also, a female head of the household (OR = 0.39) and increased household size (OR = 0.9) led to a reduction in the utilization of these services. Conclusions: Inequality is observed in the use of dental services between different socioeconomic groups. Therefore, health policymakers should implement interventions such as dental health insurance to reduce this inequality in such a way that inequalities between socioeconomic groups are reduced.
|
[
{
"display_name": "shiraz e medical journal",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764457604",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2159702854
|
Family Values and Female's Psychological Aggression
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Edalati",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5089694343"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Aggression",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779448149"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Social psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
},
{
"display_name": "Regression analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C152877465"
},
{
"display_name": "Hostility",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781214261"
},
{
"display_name": "Multivariate analysis of variance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C192424360"
},
{
"display_name": "Developmental psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138496976"
},
{
"display_name": "Clinical psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C70410870"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W106839889",
"https://openalex.org/W205966139",
"https://openalex.org/W636017891",
"https://openalex.org/W1736209534",
"https://openalex.org/W2038897641",
"https://openalex.org/W2045954572",
"https://openalex.org/W2094034997",
"https://openalex.org/W2165569591",
"https://openalex.org/W2300914494",
"https://openalex.org/W3044291841"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2159702854
|
Problem statement: The main objective of the current study is to determine the relationship between women’s perceptions toward Iranian family values with psychological aggression. Approach: All of the randomly selected 337 wives who suffered from level of psychological aggression were included in this study. Straus questionnaire (CTS) is the method used to measure psychological aggression. It shows a negative relationship between family values (inequality in affairs and inequality in regulation) and psychological aggression. It has also shown that there is no relationship between values of inequality in access job and inequality in political in relation to psychological aggression. Social learning theory is used in order to gain a thorough understanding of the issue. The multivariate regression analysis is utilized to answer the last objective. Results: The analysis showed that among the four predictor variables, two of which variables such as inequality in affairs and inequality in regulation were found to be significant in explaining the observed variation in psychological aggression (DV). Conclusion: Generally, the final model has explained 4% of total observed variance in psychological aggression.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of social sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210199648",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1834749562
|
Evaluation of the effect of policy regime shifts in Iranian Distributional changes using a Micro Simulation Framework
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Nasser Khiabani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5064077884"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ali Maziyaki",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5038977449"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Decile",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147021879"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C97355855"
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[
"Iran"
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"https://openalex.org/W2139122730",
"https://openalex.org/W2144705212",
"https://openalex.org/W3122947389",
"https://openalex.org/W3124897968",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1834749562
|
Improvement in incomes distribution has been one of the major targets of Iranian policy makers; however, during 1991 to 2004, policy regimes have shifted frequently, and evaluation of the effect of policy regime shifts in Iran’s distributional changes due to these policy regime shifts could be illuminating.
In this paper, we’ve established a method which computes the effect of policy regime shifts in households’ and individuals’ incomes. This method is based on a micro simulation framework developed by Bourguignon and Ferreira in 2004; moreover, we benefited from work by Heckman on Sample Selection Bias. Finally, we have compared two successive years on each instance of policy shift.
Results of micro-simulation show Iranian distributive policies wouldn’t have expected effects to higher and lower deciles of incomes; in other words, government attempts in equalizing incomes haven’t met their aim.
|
[
{
"display_name": "MPRA Paper",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306520297",
"type": "repository"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3144383325
|
Evaluation of the effect of policy regime shifts in Iranian Distributional changes using a Micro Simulation Framework
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Nasser Khiabani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5064077884"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ali Maziyaki",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5038977449"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Decile",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147021879"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C81917197"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C11821877"
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{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C198531522"
},
{
"display_name": "Work (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18762648"
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{
"display_name": "Selection bias",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C40423286"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
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{
"display_name": "Income distribution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C519300510"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C202444582"
},
{
"display_name": "Thermodynamics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C97355855"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3144383325
|
Improvement in incomes distribution has been one of the major targets of Iranian policy makers; however, during 1991 to 2004, policy regimes have shifted frequently, and evaluation of the effect of policy regime shifts in Iran’s distributional changes due to these policy regime shifts could be illuminating. In this paper, we’ve established a method which computes the effect of policy regime shifts in households’ and individuals’ incomes. This method is based on a micro simulation framework developed by Bourguignon and Ferreira in 2004; moreover, we benefited from work by Heckman on Sample Selection Bias. Finally, we have compared two successive years on each instance of policy shift. Results of micro-simulation show Iranian distributive policies wouldn’t have expected effects to higher and lower deciles of incomes; in other words, government attempts in equalizing incomes haven’t met their aim.
|
[
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W15856637
|
Employment creation, technological efficiency, and distributional judgements : a case study in road construction / [by] G.W. Irvin
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "George Irvin",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5081884830"
}
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[
{
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{
"display_name": "Selection (genetic algorithm)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C81917197"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C110121322"
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{
"display_name": "Income distribution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C519300510"
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{
"display_name": "Labour economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145236788"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
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{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Artificial intelligence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302"
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{
"display_name": "Mechanical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C78519656"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W15856637
|
The present article is concerned with the relationship between distributional and efficiency criteria and the objective of employment creation in a single sector, that of road construction. The work is based on a series of case studies carried out in Iran, one such study being presented here, in which the potential for substituting labour for equipment is explored and techniques of social benefit-cost analysis applied to determining technology selection. Optimal factor use and hence employment is shown to depend, inter alia, on explicit judgements concerning income distribution.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4317645903
|
The Economy
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Pooya Azadi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5043596671"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohsen B. Mesgaran",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5042210004"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Matin Mirramezani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5027909194"
}
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[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Inflation (cosmology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C200941418"
},
{
"display_name": "Capital (architecture)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C83646750"
},
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
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{
"display_name": "Economic system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100"
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{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
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{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964"
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{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Theoretical physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33332235"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4317645903
|
This chapter provides an overview of the major trends in the Iranian economy over the past half century by focusing on patterns of economic growth, shares of different sectors in the economy, employment, inflation, inequality, capital formation, and international trade. The final part of this chapter sheds light on some of Iran’s most pressing economic challenges by quantifying their magnitudes and future trajectories.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Stanford University Press eBooks",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463952",
"type": "ebook platform"
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|
https://openalex.org/W596000138
|
An Approach For Investment Allocation Among Alterative Economic Sectors
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "University of Mazandaran",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4871159",
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"display_name": "Nooraddin Sharify",
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[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C27548731"
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{
"display_name": "Social accounting matrix",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779831800"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780447953"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778348673"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C126255220"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
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{
"display_name": "Evolutionary biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C78458016"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C20522121"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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[
"Iran"
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[
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"https://openalex.org/W1568121540",
"https://openalex.org/W1976291179",
"https://openalex.org/W2005879995",
"https://openalex.org/W2018417830",
"https://openalex.org/W2048431754",
"https://openalex.org/W2057503096",
"https://openalex.org/W2059972131",
"https://openalex.org/W2066374751",
"https://openalex.org/W2070356255",
"https://openalex.org/W2070631858",
"https://openalex.org/W2073459542",
"https://openalex.org/W2080465529",
"https://openalex.org/W2095169544",
"https://openalex.org/W2109218587",
"https://openalex.org/W2113268021",
"https://openalex.org/W2323266160",
"https://openalex.org/W3122240088"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W596000138
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This paper proposes a procedure for an effective investment allocation: a Linear Programming Model using a Social Accounting Matrix (SAM). The Gross Regional Products (GRP) is the objective function. Several constraints, such as job creation for different levels of human force, income distribution inequality, supply and demand constraints for products, are considered in the model. The economic sectors of the region for a certain proportion of products are ranked with respect to the above objective function and constraints for any level of investment. The model is examined with the SAM of the Golestan Province in Iran for the year 1993/1994. The study shows that the model introduced can lead to a maximum level of GRP with respect to other goals and constraints for any level of investment.
|
[
{
"display_name": "iranian economic review",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764934467",
"type": "journal"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2810021771
|
Inequality in the Distribution of Physicians in the South of Iran
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Iran University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I161106909",
"lat": 35.69439,
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"type": "education"
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"display_name": "zahra Meshkani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5045548902"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Aja University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2800605188",
"lat": 35.69439,
"long": 51.42151,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Nader Markazi-Moghaddam",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5076798967"
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{
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{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Tehran University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I70640408",
"lat": 35.69439,
"long": 51.42151,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Neda Valipouer Yekani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5014012834"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I170350485",
"lat": 32.32653,
"long": 50.864338,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Hamed Nazari",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5001134251"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Shiraz University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I194604659",
"lat": 29.61031,
"long": 52.53113,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Somayeh Moalemi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5004682012"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Shiraz University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I194604659",
"lat": 29.61031,
"long": 52.53113,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Abbas Ali Kiyani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5077592711"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Distribution (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C110121322"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
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[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2810021771
|
Introduction: The estimated human resources needed in the health care sector, especially physicians, have been discussed over the years. Supplying the targeted medical human resources is the key to improvement of health care in a country. The aim of this study was to determine the equity in distribution of physicians in the south of Iran before and after adjusting the needs. Methods: In this study, data were gathered from the Statistics Center of Iran and Ministry of Health for the number of population and physicians, respectively. Birth and mortality rates were used for adjusting the needs. We calculated Gini and Robin Hood indices using the Excel 2013 software. In order to display the distribution of variables in graphical form, we used GIS software as well. Results: Gini coefficients for general and specialized physicians in 2011 were 0.18 and 0.31, while they were 0.13 and 0.38, respectively, in 2014. The equity in distribution of GPs was better than specialists during the study period. The results revealed a worse status after adjusting needs. Conclusion: Because the health sector is affiliated to human resources, especially physicians, paying attention to their balance based on the people’s needs is essential. Therefore, the Ministry of Health should put it as one of its goals. Accurate estimation of the required human resources can help to reduce the cost of health care systems as well as those of households. Keywords: Inequality, Human resources for health, Gini coefficient, Needs assessment, Physicians
|
[
{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
"type": "repository"
}
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|
https://openalex.org/W3049169766
|
Inequality in dental expenditures among Iranian households: A cross-sectional survey using the National Health Accounts
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Tehran University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I70640408",
"lat": 35.69439,
"long": 51.42151,
"type": "education"
},
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I120514687",
"lat": 35.751667,
"long": 51.394127,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Arash Rashidian",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5087462039"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Tehran University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I70640408",
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],
"display_name": "Parisa Mehdizadeh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5031104640"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I120514687",
"lat": 35.751667,
"long": 51.394127,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Nooredin Dopeykar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5045777934"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Tehran University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I70640408",
"lat": 35.69439,
"long": 51.42151,
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],
"display_name": "Mostafa Hosseini",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5069199978"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Tehran University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I70640408",
"lat": 35.69439,
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"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Alireza Olyaeemanesh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5040307699"
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[
{
"display_name": "Residence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776269092"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
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{
"display_name": "Cross-sectional study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142052008"
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{
"display_name": "Dental care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776693998"
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{
"display_name": "Odds",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C143095724"
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{
"display_name": "Logistic regression",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151956035"
},
{
"display_name": "Descriptive statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39896193"
},
{
"display_name": "Oral health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2992672162"
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{
"display_name": "Odds ratio",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C156957248"
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254"
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"display_name": "Dentistry",
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{
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] |
[
"Iran"
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[
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"https://openalex.org/W2160734858",
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"https://openalex.org/W2166967068",
"https://openalex.org/W2167296767",
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"https://openalex.org/W2409445996",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3049169766
|
Recently, inequality in dental care has become increasingly popular in both developed and developing countries as a matter of health policy. Thus, the aims of this study were examining inequality in dental care expenditures and assessing the effects of insurance coverage and other variables on these services.In this cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical study, we used secondary data of the National Health Accounts that has been conducted in 2008 in Iran. The sample size was 17,239 households in all over the country. All analyses were performed by Stata software using Mann-Whitney test and logistic regression. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. To determine inequality in dental services, the concentration index (CI) was used.CI for total dental expenditures was 0.315 and for orthodontics was 0.6. Findings showed that out-of-pocket expenditure for dental care was progressive and there was a significant relationship between total dental expenditure with residence areas (odds ratio [OR] =1.3; P > 0.001), complementary insurance coverage (OR = 1.3; P > 0.001), family size (OR = 1.46; P > 0.001), and income (OR = 1.3; P > 0.001).Dental expenditures were progressive in Iran, and the rich have paid more share for these services. It seems that implementing insurance programs, changes in the financing of dental care, development of insurance basic benefits package, supporting programs for the poor, adopting educational policies, and promoting oral health for vulnerable people can have an effective role in decreasing inequality in using dental services.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Dental research journal",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764860341",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2199883716
|
An investigation on informal economy and commercial tourism impacts on physical-spatial evolution of Baneh border region, Kurdistan, Iran; Spatial strategic analysis by multi-scale approach.
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Iran University of Science and Technology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I67009956",
"lat": 35.69439,
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"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Reza Kheyroddin",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5029564454"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Iran University of Science and Technology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I67009956",
"lat": 35.69439,
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"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Mehdi Razpour",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5088014101"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Livelihood",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3987366"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C18918823"
},
{
"display_name": "Position (finance)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198082294"
},
{
"display_name": "Scale (ratio)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778755073"
},
{
"display_name": "Informal sector",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C64089585"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
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{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Quality (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779530757"
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{
"display_name": "Economic geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C26271046"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Agriculture",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118518473"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C58640448"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Epistemology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W2010200019",
"https://openalex.org/W2031626068",
"https://openalex.org/W2069214406",
"https://openalex.org/W2153766381",
"https://openalex.org/W2157473401",
"https://openalex.org/W3121365111",
"https://openalex.org/W3121549988"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2199883716
|
Informal economy and its spatial consequences are such important issues in border regions of Iran. The existence of some conditions such discrimination and inequality in employment opportunities and income, lack of minimal indicators of life quality, migration and goods smuggling in border regions has prompted border residents to diversify their business according to their border position and test new ways of their livelihood in contrast with formal rules of center. These activities have profound impacts on the economic, social,
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of urban and regional studies and research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2765029263",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2149212642
|
Are public policies effective in alleviating family income inequality in Iran?
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Nasser Khiabani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5064077884"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ali Mazyaki",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5070877631"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Microsimulation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780015235"
},
{
"display_name": "Redistribution (election)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74080474"
},
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Offset (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C175291020"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Sample (material)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198531522"
},
{
"display_name": "Demographic economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254"
},
{
"display_name": "Public economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C100001284"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
},
{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Chromatography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C43617362"
},
{
"display_name": "Transport engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C22212356"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Programming language",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2149212642
|
Redistributing incomes has always been one of the main goals of Iranian policy makers, although political regimes have changed frequently between 1991 and 2004. We have applied a microsimulation using the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition and a Heckman correction for sample selection bias to compare simulation results for a hypothetical unchanged situation with the actual policy shift observed. While we are able to identify the years in which policy shifts occurred, our results suggest that the intended redistribution goals were at most partially achieved, affecting only some occupations and being offset by changes to the level of family incomes.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Income Distribution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S44544138",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "Munich Personal RePEc Archive (Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400553",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2943434926
|
Ranking and Leveling Towns of Kahkiluye and Boyer Ahmad Province in terms of Criteria and Components of Tourism Using Multi-criteria Deciding Models
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mosayeb Mohammadi ganjeh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5082996136"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Hossein Nazmfar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075247262"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ata Ghafari Gilandeh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059318256"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Tourism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18918823"
},
{
"display_name": "Ranking (information retrieval)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C189430467"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Regional science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C148383697"
},
{
"display_name": "Rank (graph theory)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C164226766"
},
{
"display_name": "Analytic hierarchy process",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87345402"
},
{
"display_name": "Position (finance)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198082294"
},
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C26271046"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Combinatorics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114614502"
},
{
"display_name": "Machine learning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119857082"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2943434926
|
One of problems and issues related to tourism in Iran including Kahkiluye and Boyer Ahmad Province is imbalance in spatial organization and non-hierarchy based on reactive relationship between tourist areas. Sorting tourist infrastructures in different areas of a province and balanced distribution of infrastructures and modifying inequality in different regions is of essential actions in tourist development. Lack of scientific and systematic ranking in determining spatial position of urban tourist attraction focuses and subsequently inappropriate facilities and accommodations are of substantial and obvious disadvantages in studies and plans of development of tourist industry in Iran and especially in towns of Kahkiluye and Boyer Ahmad Province. Thus, this research aims to rank and investigate amount of development in towns of Kahgiluye and Boyer Ahmad Province in terms of tourist indexes and components with the purpose of identifying inequalities and imbalances in level of towns. Method of research is applied in terms of aim and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature which by using Analysis of Network Process (ANP) to weight criteria, multi-criteria deciding model (ELECTRE) to rank areas and Arc GIS Software to present final results have been used. Results obtained from this research suggest that there is inequality and great gaps among towns of Kohgiluye and Boyer Ahmad Province in terms of urban tourist development so that towns of Boyer Ahmad Province are in good position in terms of complete enjoyment and development and only Lende Town is undeveloped. According to results obtained from the method of coefficient of dispersion, pattern of dispersion of tourist services and facilities at level of towns is imbalanced and inappropriate with spatial position of each of them. Thus, implemental approaches in development of spatial structure and organization governing of urban tourist areas were presented and for each level, equipments and infrastructures appropriate to that were recommended.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2262205526
|
Effects of the Main Sectors of Economy on Distribution of Household Income; with a Structural Path Analysis Approach
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "A A Banouei",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5071008990"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Reza Vafaei Yeganeh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5085163716"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Seyed Hadi Mousavi Nik",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5031825322"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Maryam Aghanasiri",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5042434284"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Social accounting matrix",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779831800"
},
{
"display_name": "Agriculture",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118518473"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Path analysis (statistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C82793941"
},
{
"display_name": "Comprehensive income",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166167597"
},
{
"display_name": "Gross income",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C172008318"
},
{
"display_name": "Distribution (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C110121322"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic sector",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154193497"
},
{
"display_name": "Income distribution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C519300510"
},
{
"display_name": "Net national income",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C63805789"
},
{
"display_name": "Household income",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780892066"
},
{
"display_name": "Agricultural economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48824518"
},
{
"display_name": "Labour economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145236788"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Public economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C100001284"
},
{
"display_name": "State income tax",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74939039"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Tax reform",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C551662922"
},
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2262205526
|
The article aims to examine the effects of various economic sectors on the household income with a social-accounting matrix approach. For this purpose, the SimSIP SAM software of the World Bank (2008) and the accounting matrix of Iranian Parliament Research Centre (2006) have been used. Based on total multipliers, the findings reveal the greatest effects for the construction and agriculture sectors on household income and the greatest effects for the sectors of crude oil, natural gas as well as water, electricity and gas on the company income. By total multiplier decomposition in the framework of structural path analysis, the findings reveal impacts of the agriculture sector through increasing mixed income of households.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Majlis and Rahbord",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306519107",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2471243141
|
A Framework for Description and Measurement of National Scientific Wealth with a Case Study on Iran
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Saeid Asadi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5036843075"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Distribution (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C110121322"
},
{
"display_name": "National wealth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C67829756"
},
{
"display_name": "Wealth distribution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2992390665"
},
{
"display_name": "Sustainable development",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C552854447"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Regional science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C148383697"
},
{
"display_name": "Scientific modelling",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138379479"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Accounting",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121955636"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Epistemology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1637660785",
"https://openalex.org/W1964238286",
"https://openalex.org/W1974674295",
"https://openalex.org/W1988175712",
"https://openalex.org/W2030287307",
"https://openalex.org/W2033937112",
"https://openalex.org/W2036976777",
"https://openalex.org/W2040181818",
"https://openalex.org/W2079377779",
"https://openalex.org/W2107351498",
"https://openalex.org/W2115280476",
"https://openalex.org/W2126079794",
"https://openalex.org/W2151866568",
"https://openalex.org/W2155918720",
"https://openalex.org/W2163159606",
"https://openalex.org/W2163809794"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2471243141
|
A sustainable development in science, innovation, and technology requires a balanced distribution of scientific wealth in sub-country regions. This paper addresses the issue of geographical distribution of scientific wealth and its goal is to offer a framework to describe and measure the share of provinces in national scientific wealth. Our proposed model divides the indicators of scientific wealth into two groups, production and the use of scientific wealth. To evaluate this model, the scientific wealth of Iran was studied using recorded data on IRANDOC databases. Rich, average, and poor provinces were identified and the results showed that 70% of the scientific wealth belongs to 20% of the provinces. The findings can facilitate planning for a sustainable science and technology policy.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2737722906",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2767380231
|
AN ANALYSIS OF RE GIONAL IMBALANCES IN IRAN: A CASE STUDY OF NORTH COASTAL AREAS
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "University of Isfahan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I39268498",
"lat": 32.65246,
"long": 51.67462,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "M Taghvaei",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5082334612"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "University of Isfahan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I39268498",
"lat": 32.65246,
"long": 51.67462,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Sirous Shafaghi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5074616468"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "University of Isfahan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I39268498",
"lat": 32.65246,
"long": 51.67462,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Mohammadreza Ghaderi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5076774990"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Delphi method",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C60641444"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Regional science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C148383697"
},
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Delphi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779495148"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental resource management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107826830"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
},
{
"display_name": "Artificial intelligence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302"
},
{
"display_name": "Operating system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2767380231
|
In countries such as Iran, which cover a large geographical area, the issue of inequality and regional differences provide a substantial challenge in the effort to achieve balanced development. In this study, data were collected using documentary and survey methods as well as Delphi techniques, and analysis was carried out by combining qualitative and quantitative models. In the second step of the Delphi technique, a study of the impact of the factors on each other, and on the regional inequalities of the North coastal area, was made using the crossimpact method. In the final step, the effective factors contributing to the inequalities of the North coastal region were studied using analytical techniques and MicMac software. After analyzing the impact rate of the effective factors on regional imbalances, the key factors were identified and, finally, solutions to reduce the regional imbalances of the North coastal area were proposed.
|
[
{
"display_name": "PLANNING MALAYSIA JOURNAL",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764548735",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2183757024
|
Assessment of Regional Development Using Taxonomy Model (A Case of Razavi Khorasan, Iran)
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Hadi Ivani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5028483225"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Maryam Sofi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5063896784"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Taxonomy (biology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C58642233"
},
{
"display_name": "Categorization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94124525"
},
{
"display_name": "Regional science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C148383697"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Order (exchange)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C182306322"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
},
{
"display_name": "Artificial intelligence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1991548362",
"https://openalex.org/W2081908573",
"https://openalex.org/W2160406450",
"https://openalex.org/W2259422755",
"https://openalex.org/W2798314325",
"https://openalex.org/W3113587138"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2183757024
|
Today, for balanced growth in all regions of the country, economists believe that the idea of dynamic growth pole was unsuccessful because not only did it fail in decreasing regional inequalities in the country, but it also caused existing inequality-ties to intensify. In order to, the aim of current research is assessment of regional development using taxonomy model in the Razavi Khorasan province of Iran. Applied methodology is based on descriptive- analytical methods. we have used of numerical taxonomy as an most common approaches to categorize of development level in the Khorasan Razavi cities. Results show that Torbat- E- Jam (0.5) city has the highest level of development in case study region, while Fariman (0.15) has the lowest level. Finally, in the end of this presented some solve ways.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2737713601
|
Socioeconomic Inequality in Overweight/Obesity and Related Factors in Adolescents in Kermanshah-Iran
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I58048189",
"lat": 35.69439,
"long": 51.42151,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Neda Izadi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5023139232"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I58048189",
"lat": 35.69439,
"long": 51.42151,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Sayed-Saeed Hashemi-Nazari",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5055940222"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Guilan University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I204331812",
"lat": 37.17803,
"long": 49.55155,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Elaheh Rafiee",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5032153759"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I58048189",
"lat": 35.69439,
"long": 51.42151,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Azam Malekifar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5023619184"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I39642139",
"lat": 34.31417,
"long": 47.065,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Farid Najafi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5043165501"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Kowsar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779965577"
},
{
"display_name": "Overweight",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780586474"
},
{
"display_name": "Obesity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C511355011"
},
{
"display_name": "Socioeconomic status",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147077947"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Traditional medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C556039675"
},
{
"display_name": "Surgery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C141071460"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W78723114",
"https://openalex.org/W1934909518",
"https://openalex.org/W1959267308",
"https://openalex.org/W1972833731",
"https://openalex.org/W1986131689",
"https://openalex.org/W1998096910",
"https://openalex.org/W2000834927",
"https://openalex.org/W2022887672",
"https://openalex.org/W2023032198",
"https://openalex.org/W2025874275",
"https://openalex.org/W2031033365",
"https://openalex.org/W2032311074",
"https://openalex.org/W2043246834",
"https://openalex.org/W2048265023",
"https://openalex.org/W2063981559",
"https://openalex.org/W2072477579",
"https://openalex.org/W2076535645",
"https://openalex.org/W2094678299",
"https://openalex.org/W2098946607",
"https://openalex.org/W2105310058",
"https://openalex.org/W2105689529",
"https://openalex.org/W2107832644",
"https://openalex.org/W2107859923",
"https://openalex.org/W2109669504",
"https://openalex.org/W2112527604",
"https://openalex.org/W2116209830",
"https://openalex.org/W2131063873",
"https://openalex.org/W2138712614",
"https://openalex.org/W2139727647",
"https://openalex.org/W2152258047",
"https://openalex.org/W2154432893",
"https://openalex.org/W2156241979",
"https://openalex.org/W2158265867",
"https://openalex.org/W2160049744",
"https://openalex.org/W2164128765",
"https://openalex.org/W4235790680"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2737713601
|
Background: Overweight/obesity is increasing in both developing and developed countries. Its socioeconomic determinants have been well studied in developed countries. It has been reported that the family socioeconomic status is associated with overweight/obesity in childhood and adolescence. However, socioeconomic inequality has not been studied sufficiently in developing countries. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the status of socioeconomic inequality in overweight/obese high school students and its related factors in Kermanshah, Iran. Methods: Within a cross-sectional study and using stratified cluster random sampling, 1440 students in the academic year of 2015 - 16 were selected from all high schools in Kermanshah, Iran. To collect data, we used a demographic, socioeconomic status, and nutritional status questionnaire. Height and weight of the participants were measured and the status of obesity was determined by calculating body mass index (BMI). The concentration index and a concentration curve were used for the measurement of inequality. We used multinomial logistic regression to investigate the factors associated with obesity. The collected data were analyzed using Stata 11 software. Results: The mean age of 1445 students participating in the study was 16.35 ± 0.84 years. Of all, 51.63% (746 students) were female and the rest were male. The median of BMI was 20.54 kg/m2 (IQR = 4.32) in female participants, 21.20 (IQR = 4.42) in male participants, and 20.76 kg/m2 (IQR = 4.49) in all the participants. Concerning asset index, Concentration Index for overweight/obesity was 0.09 in girls (95% CI: -0.14 - 0.33), -0.02 in boys (95% CI: -0.14 - 0.09), and 0.01 in the entire participants (95% CI: -0.13 - 0.17). The odds of overweight/obesity in males was 1.81 times higher than that in females; the odds of overweight/obesity in those consuming high-fat food was 1.61 times higher than that of people not consuming high-fat diet. Conclusions: Overweight/obesity is more prevalent in adolescents with low socioeconomic level; this indicates the shift of the problem to the poorer groups of the community. Predominance of boys and the use of high-fat foods are affecting obesity/overweight; therefore, it must be considered in all health policy interventions.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S185149661",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2141295121
|
Socio-economic health inequalities: ever-lasting facts or amenable to change?
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Morgan State University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I83909951",
"lat": 39.29038,
"long": -76.61219,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Farin Kamangar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5010269022"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Data science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2522767166"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1940529535",
"https://openalex.org/W1985555118",
"https://openalex.org/W1999146322",
"https://openalex.org/W2050761447",
"https://openalex.org/W2093908742",
"https://openalex.org/W2100828020",
"https://openalex.org/W2115692241",
"https://openalex.org/W2118150308",
"https://openalex.org/W2143684280",
"https://openalex.org/W2147222241",
"https://openalex.org/W2149742572",
"https://openalex.org/W2161155225",
"https://openalex.org/W2405438374"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2141295121
|
In this issue of the journal, Ghobadi et al.,[1] have demonstrated that in Kurdistan Province of Iran individuals in lower socio-economic groups are more likely to have several risk factors for non-communicable diseases, including insufficient consumption of fruit and vegetables, insufficient consumption of fish, high consumption of unhealthy fat and oils, and hypertension.
Ghobadi et al.'s study was limited to a certain period of time (2005-2009) and to a certain location (Kurdistan Province of Iran). As such, the specific findings of the study, e.g. lower consumption of fruit and vegetables by the lower socio-economic groups, may be limited to this area and this time period. Nevertheless, the more general finding of this study – that the less advantaged people of the society are more exposed to causes of most diseases – are ubiquitous and have been documented ever since they were first studied. In 1830, Villerme's studies in France showed that mortality was directly linked to poverty, a finding that was corroborated in a more recent re-analysis of the original data.[2] Likewise, in 1842, Edwin Chadwick showed that poor living conditions increased risk of disease and reduced life expectancy in England,[3] a finding that was partly responsible for the Public Health Act of 1848. The rich-poor health gradient still holds true in most parts of the world. For example, in the City of Glasgow, Scotland, where the National Health System provides universal services, the life expectancy in the most deprived neighborhoods is 12 years lower than that in the most affluent neighborhoods.[4] The differences are even more striking in the United States. In Baltimore City, for example, there is a 20-year gap across neighborhoods.[5] And one doesn’t have to be poor to suffer from adverse health consequences; other minor differences in social class can be consequential too. For example, a recent study of British civil servants, who are not poor, showed that those in the lowest socio-economic positions had a 60% higher risk of death compared to those in the highest socio-economic groups.[6]
The reasons of such differences are not simple; they depend on time and location. One would guess that over 100 years ago, the major reasons for higher rates of mortality in the poor were their higher risk of being exposed to famine and infectious diseases, the two main causes of death of the time. This was, in turn, due to a higher chance of not having enough food, overcrowding, and poor sanitation among the poor, and a lower chance of receiving vaccines. Other causes could have included a higher risk of death due to accepting risky construction jobs or working in unsanitary and noxious conditions. However, the decline of famine and infectious diseases, which has been brought to us by a host of factors – including the widespread availability and low cost of food, clean water, vaccines, and antibiotics – did not lead to the disappearance of differences in life expectancy across socio-economic groups. Such differences still exist, albeit for different reasons, and in some places they are increasing. For example, recent studies by the U.S. Social Security Administration have shown that the rich-poor life expectancy gaps in the United States are now expanding.[7] In the United States and the United Kingdom, lower socio-economic groups are more likely to smoke,[6,8] to be obese,[6,8] to have less access to healthy food,[9] to eat less healthy diets,[6] to exercise less,[6,8] and to be the subject of violence.[10] Certainly living in poverty-stricken neighborhoods makes it more likely to be a victim of violence. And living in a household that is not well-lit makes it more likely that one would fall and have disabling or even fatal fractures. The poor's imminent and day-to-day needs of life make it more difficult to focus on healthy behaviors that bear fruit a few decades later. The poor, who are on average less educated, are also less likely to be aware of many causes of illness. In nearly all European countries, the less educated have lower life expectancies than the more educated.[11] Therefore, as much as we would like that such inequalities completely disappear, in all likelihood, the rich-poor health gradient is likely to remain, at least to some extent. Perhaps one should add this inequality to other certain facts of life, such as death and taxes!
Ghobadi et al.'s study[1] is highly valuable and interesting in that it highlights some of the current causes of health inequalities in Iran, and it is one of only very few studies that have examined such associations in that country. The results show a higher frequency of some unhealthy dietary habits in the lower socio-economic groups. They add to the literature that socio-economic health inequalities are ubiquitous, from Kurdistan of Iran, where I was born, to Baltimore City, where I currently live. Equally interesting is documenting what is not different between the lower and the higher socio-economic groups in Kurdistan, e.g. the prevalence of smoking or the prevalence of obesity. As discussed by Ghobadi et al., in several countries smoking and obesity prevalence were initially higher in the upper social class groups, and it was only through time that these now-known poor health behaviors transitioned to the lower social classes. Now, it is typical in the more developed countries, but not necessarily in the less developed ones, that the more educated people have lower rates of smoking.[12] Therefore, Ghobadi et al.'s findings not only demonstrate the current status of such health indicators in Iran, but they may also showcase the overall status of Iran as an in-transition society.
There is, however, at least one substantial point on which I think I disagree with Ghobadi et al. When the authors have found no differences between the lower and the higher socio-economic groups, for example in the prevalence of obesity or smoking, they have attributed this to the “good performance of the health-care system.” I tend to believe that this is not necessarily the right conclusion. The Iranian health system has been very successful in what it was focused on for years, and that is in reducing the rates of infectious diseases, childhood mortality, and maternal mortality. However, it has not had the capacity, nor it will have the capacity, to handle all health problems. For example, for controlling blood pressure, which is malleable to medical treatment, the efforts of the system have thus far had negligible effects.[13] The prevalence of many causes of death, such as smoking and obesity, rather than being solely under the influence of the health-care system, are consequences of a multitude of social, economic, and political forces.
The health of a society is tightly knit into the fabric of the society, including its politics, its economics, and the attitude of its people. Thus, if we would like to improve health for all, and to reduce health inequalities, we must not rely solely on the governmental health-care system or on private medical care. Rather we must also change the mindset of individuals of the society. To make progress, to make health better for all, efforts should also be made to educate and empower all the people of the society, and to share with them both the power and the responsibility to make improvements in their health and in their lives.[14] Rudolph Virchow, one of the most eminent physicians in the history of medicine, advocated for the role of societal and political, in addition to medical, remedies to control the rates of major diseases. Virchow was commissioned in 1848 to investigate a catastrophic epidemic of typhus and famine that plagued Upper Silesia, then part of Prussia and today part of Poland. In his report,[15] Virchow advocated for the role of empowering and mobilizing all people to prevent and remedy the epidemic. He wrote: “The law existed, the civil servants were there – and the people died in their thousands from starvation and disease. The law did not help, as it was only paper with writing; the civil servants did no good, for the result of their activity again was only writing on paper. The whole country had gradually become a structure of paper, a huge house of cards, to be toppled in a confused heap when the people touched it. The adverse climatic conditions which contributed to the failure of its crops and to the sickness of its bodies, would not have caused such terrible ravages, if it had been free, educated and well-to-do …such an epidemic dissemination of typhus had only been possible under the wretched conditions of life that poverty and lack of culture had created in Upper Silesia …The logical answer to the question as to how conditions similar to those that have unfolded before our eyes in Upper Silesia can be prevented in the future is, therefore, very easy and simple: education, with its daughters, liberty and prosperity.” The words of Virchow, as old as they are, still resonate as fresh and true.
The mindset of the people plays an equally significant role in reducing inequalities in any society. In societies where people's mindset is: “When you see the house of your neighbor on fire, carry water to your own,” inequalities are likely to remain. In contrast as trust, mutual respect, and social cohesion increases, disparities become less likely and the overall health of the society improves. Again, I turn to some old words of wisdom. The mindset should be as the Persian Poet Saadi said it so eloquently over 700 years ago:
“Of One Essence is the Human Race,
Thusly has Creation put the Base;
One Limb impacted is sufficient,
For all Others to feel the Mace.”
|
[
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2738516120
|
Impacts of Import Tariff Cuts on the Iranian Labor Market Structure: a Computable General Equilibrium Model Approach
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Barghi Oskooee",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5051549710"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohamad Mahdi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5067986048"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Computable general equilibrium",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C20522121"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Tariff",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776060655"
},
{
"display_name": "Labour economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145236788"
},
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "General equilibrium theory",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C103382277"
},
{
"display_name": "Wage",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777388388"
},
{
"display_name": "Social accounting matrix",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779831800"
},
{
"display_name": "International economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18547055"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2738516120
|
Most debates about the role of tariff cuts on the level of employment and rate of wages in labor market have come out of well-known Hecscher â Ohlin and Stopler â Samuelson (HOS) theorems. Considering the fact that we have divided the workforce into skilled and unskilled labors the present paper assesses the impacts of tariff cuts on labor market indicators in Iran. To address these issues, a computable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling approach and social accounting matrix (SAM) of 2002 have been applied. Results show that general import tariff cuts along with the decreasing wage inequality increase the level of total employment, while tariff cuts in unskilled labor-intensive commodities such as those of agricultural commodities decrease the level of total employment, and consequently lead to an increase in wage inequality. However, under the effect of the tariff cuts in skilled labor-intensive commodities like food, apparel and textile, level of total employment increases and wage inequality decreases, respectively. Â Â Â JEL Classification: F16 J21 J31
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3127889475
|
Investigating the Economic Effects of Budget Allocation Manner to the Border Provinces of the Country Based on Their Needs and Capacity (Panel Data Approach)
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iraq",
"display_name": "University of Ahl al-Bayt",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2955852263",
"lat": 32.64138,
"long": 43.99465,
"type": "education"
},
{
"country": "Cambodia",
"display_name": "International University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I883909435",
"lat": 11.57463,
"long": 104.87898,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Mohammad Ghaffary Fard",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5049263866"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iraq",
"display_name": "University of Ahl al-Bayt",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2955852263",
"lat": 32.64138,
"long": 43.99465,
"type": "education"
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{
"country": "Cambodia",
"display_name": "International University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I883909435",
"lat": 11.57463,
"long": 104.87898,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Mohammad Reza Shojaei",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5010614676"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Distribution (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C110121322"
},
{
"display_name": "Productivity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204983608"
},
{
"display_name": "Panel data",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6422946"
},
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Human capital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776943663"
},
{
"display_name": "Promotion (chess)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C98147612"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Public economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C100001284"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3127889475
|
Economic inequality and regional discrimination are one of the factors influencing the economic growth of countries and regions. In a way, discrimination in government budgeting and economic inequalities in different parts of the country deprives people of trust in government functions and affects macroeconomic variables. Therefore, the purpose of this study is investigation of government budgeting distribution and the impact of economic discrimination on GDP of sixteen Iranian border provinces. For analyzing of data eviews9 software environment and panel data model method have been used. The results of this study show that the variable of distribution of budget between provinces has a negative and significant effect on the GDP of border provinces, which decreases by 0.263% with increasing discrimination in the way of distribution of budget in border provinces. The variables of export value of goods and services, labor productivity, paying zakat and number of scientific experts each have positive and significant effect on GDP of border provinces. Therefore, in order to increase GDP in border provinces, it is recommended, in addition to apply export promotion policies, improve labor productivity, promote human capital, encourages people to pay zakat, all the needs and capacities of these provinces to allocate state budget funds to be considered.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2268892310
|
Distribution of Health Resource Allocation in the Fars Province Using the Scalogram Analysis Technique in 2011.
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Shiraz University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I194604659",
"lat": 29.61031,
"long": 52.53113,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Nahid Hatam",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5033597376"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Shiraz University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I194604659",
"lat": 29.61031,
"long": 52.53113,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Shahnaz Kafashi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5052080269"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Shiraz University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I194604659",
"lat": 29.61031,
"long": 52.53113,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Zahra Kavosi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5076447502"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Yearbook",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777501827"
},
{
"display_name": "Equity (law)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199728807"
},
{
"display_name": "Resource distribution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781175729"
},
{
"display_name": "Distribution (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C110121322"
},
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Resource allocation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C29202148"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer network",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C31258907"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Library science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C161191863"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1972181418",
"https://openalex.org/W2018393903",
"https://openalex.org/W2028250681",
"https://openalex.org/W2054340677",
"https://openalex.org/W2139153837",
"https://openalex.org/W2148796649",
"https://openalex.org/W2171416943"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2268892310
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The importance of health indicators in the recent years has created challenges in resource allocation. Balanced and fair distribution of health resources is one of the main principles in achieving equity. The goal of this cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted in 2010, was to classify health structural indicators in the Fars province using the scalogram technique. Health structural indicators were selected and classified in three categories; namely institutional, human resources, and rural health. The data were obtained from the statistical yearbook of Iran and was analyzed according to the scalogram technique. The distribution map of the Fars province was drawn using ArcGIS (geographic information system). The results showed an interesting health structural indicator map across the province. Our findings revealed that the city of Mohr with 85 and Zarindasht with 36 had the highest and the lowest scores, respectively. This information is valuable to provincial health policymakers to plan appropriately based on factual data and minimize chaos in allocating health resources. Based on such data and reflecting on the local needs, one could develop equity based resource allocation policies and prevent inequality. It is concluded that, as top priority, the provincial policymakers should place dedicated deprivation programs for Farashband, Eghlid and Zaindasht regions.
|
[
{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2589727521
|
An Investigation into Income Distribution in Zanjan Province: A Case Study of Rural Households in Abhar County
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I155419210",
"lat": 35.78257,
"long": 51.317238,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Mostafa Teimoori",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5052602805"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Islamic Azad University, Abhar Branch",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210110389",
"lat": 36.205902,
"long": 49.21864,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "nina Rajaee",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5054418406"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Tarbiat Modares University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1516879",
"lat": 35.72139,
"long": 51.381943,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Mohammad Hadi Hajian",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5041582510"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Distribution (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C110121322"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Socioeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45355965"
},
{
"display_name": "Income distribution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C519300510"
},
{
"display_name": "Household income",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780892066"
},
{
"display_name": "Agricultural economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48824518"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1667921856",
"https://openalex.org/W1715038780",
"https://openalex.org/W3122379731"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2589727521
|
The present study aims to investigate income distribution in Zanjan Province, for which the statistics of cost-income of the households in rural areas of Abhar County were used. They were available in the Statistical Center of Iran. In order to measure income distribution, the indicators of Lorenz curve, the Gini coefficient, the proportion of high-income groups to low-income groups, as well as the comparison of decades and quintiles are described below. The results indicated that 20% of the richest households in the rural community of Abhar County had more than half of the revenue, and four poor decades had less than 10% of revenue. The richest farmer docile had an income about 28 times as high as the poorest decade, and the richest non-farmer docile had an income about 74 times as high as the poorest non-farmer docile. The results of the Gini coefficient of the two occupational groups suggested that the Gini coefficient of people working in the agricultural sector was equal to 0.55, and that it was 0.56 for non-agricultural workers by comparison. The results of correlation analysis indicated a negative relationship between the age of household’s head and their annual income. Moreover education level of household’s head had a positive relationship with their annual income. In addition, there was no significant difference among annual incomes of households heads with different occupational groups.
|
[
{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4200407975
|
Determinants of Equal Access to Higher Health Education Opportunities in Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Urmia University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I38476204",
"lat": 37.528755,
"long": 45.04648,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Gholamreza Marmarian",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5065350822"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Urmia University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I38476204",
"lat": 37.528755,
"long": 45.04648,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Mohammad Hassani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5073194629"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Urmia University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I38476204",
"lat": 37.528755,
"long": 45.04648,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Behnaz Mohajeran",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5070707717"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Stratified sampling",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C49898467"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Higher education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C120912362"
},
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Variance (accounting)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C196083921"
},
{
"display_name": "Variables",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27574286"
},
{
"display_name": "Medical education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C509550671"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Accounting",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121955636"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W2013496450",
"https://openalex.org/W2021947425",
"https://openalex.org/W2043760859",
"https://openalex.org/W2044005657",
"https://openalex.org/W2155233028",
"https://openalex.org/W2774478580",
"https://openalex.org/W2953484406"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4200407975
|
Background: Today, the health higher education system has a privileged position in maintaining, rebuilding, producing, and creating new knowledge and responsibilities in medical universities. Solving these problems requires adopting a scientific and research approach in order to provide fair conditions and equal educational opportunities. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the determinants of equal access to higher health education opportunities in Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated contextual, input, process, and output indicators. Samples included the documents and statistics of seven schools of KUMS and 358 students of these schools in the academic year 2020 - 2021. Census sampling was used for the documents, and relative stratified random sampling was applied for the quantitative sections. Data analysis was performed in SPSS using TOPSIS and multiple linear regression models in a stepwise manner. Results: The independent variables were significant regarding the variable of inequality in educational opportunities among the medical students of KUMS (F = 590.11; P < 0.001). The variables of the model explained 99.7% of the variance of the dependent variable, indicating inequality between the KUMS medical schools in terms of the studied indicators. Conclusions: Government policies should be focused on the development of educational equality in medical sciences on all levels of health, education, and technological developments. Our findings indicated differences between the medical schools of KUMS in terms of educational indicators and the location of the schools in less privileged, semi-privileged, and privileged areas.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Educational Research in Medical Sciences Journal",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764460855",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3141089256
|
A note on the dual of Burch’s inequality
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Massoud Tousia",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5073312290"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Dual (grammatical number)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780980858"
},
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1553595193",
"https://openalex.org/W1564434833",
"https://openalex.org/W1970038509",
"https://openalex.org/W1979944080",
"https://openalex.org/W1997829363",
"https://openalex.org/W2004024747",
"https://openalex.org/W2009070817",
"https://openalex.org/W2061717903",
"https://openalex.org/W2092373919",
"https://openalex.org/W2123309409"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3141089256
|
The aim of this paper is to improve the main result of [5] (Theorem 3.5). We show that if A is a non-zero Artinian module over a commutative ring R and a ⊆ b are ideals of R such that (0 :A b) 6=0, then the dual of Burch’s inequality Sb(a ; A)≤KdimR(A)− widthb(0 :A a) (i/ 0) holds (the dual notions Sb(a ; A); KdimR(A); widthb(A) are explained in [5]). c © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. MSC: Primary 13E10; 13C99; secondary 13A30 Let N be a nitely generated module over a commutative Noetherian ring R and I ⊆ J be ideals in R satisfying N 6= JN . We denote the graded R-algebra i≥0 I i (the Rees ring of I) by R. In [1], the analytic spread of I at J with respect to N , which is denoted by lJ (I; N ), was de ned as the Krull dimension of the R-annihilator of the graded R-module ⊕ 0≤i I iN=I iJN and the generalization of Burch’s inequality [2, Corollary (i)] lJ (I; N )≤ dimR(N )− depthJ (N=I N ) (i/ 0) was proved. Here, dimR(N ) means the Krull dimension of N and depthJ (N=I iN ) denotes the length of a maximal N=I iN -sequences in J . Let A be a non-zero Artinian module over a commutative ring R and let a ⊆ b be ideals of R. The dual notions Sb(a ; A); KdimR(A) and widthb(A), to those of 1 Correspondence address: Department of Mathematics, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran 19834, Iran. 0022-4049/00/$ see front matter c © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PII: S0022 -4049(98)00174 -1 102 M. Tousi / Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra 149 (2000) 101–104 lb(a ; N ) dimR(N ) and depthb(N ) were studies in [5, 9], [4, 7] and [6, 10], respectively. The aim of [5] is to prove the dual version of Burch’s inequality Sb(a ; A)≤KdimR(A)− widthb(0 :A a) (i/ 0); in the following conditions: R is a Noetherian ring, R=b is Artinian and b is contained in any associated prime of A. In this paper we shall improve this result by showing that if (0 :A b)6=0, then the above inequality holds without any restriction on R (see Theorem 6(ii)). Also, we prove that widthb(0 :A ai) takes a constant value for large i (see Theorem 6(i)). Throughout R will denote a (non-trivial) commutative ring with identity and A will be a non-zero Artinian R-module. Remark 1 (See [8, Theorem 3.2 and the proof of Lemma 2.2]). There exist only nitely many maximal ideals m of R for which Soc(A) has a submodule isomorphic to R=m. Let the distinct such maximal ideals be m1; : : : ;ms. It is easy to see that AssR(A)= {m1; : : : ;ms}. Set J = ⋂s i=1 mi, and let R be the J -adic completion of R. (i) The ring R′ : = R=(0 :R A) is a semi-local commutative Noetherian ring which is complete in the topology de ned by its Jacobson radical. (ii) For r=(ri+J )i≥1 ∈ R and x∈A, the sequence (rix)i≥1 is ultimately constant and rx is de ned as the ultimate constant value of the above sequence. Hence the module A is, in a natural way, a faithful Artinian module over R′, and a subset of A is an R-module if and only if it is an R′-module. Moreover, if :R→R′ is the natural map, then, for any r ∈R, the multiplication by r on A has the same e ect as multiplication by (r) on A. Notation 2. Throughout the remainder of the paper, R′ and R are as in Remark 1 and the following notations will be used. Set E := ⊕ m′∈Max(R′) E(R ′=m′), where Max(R′) is the set of all maximal ideals of R′ and E(R′=m′) is the injective envelope of R′=m′. We shall use D(·) to denote the additive, exact, R-linear functor HomR′(·; E) from the category of all R′-modules and R′-homomorphisms to itself. Also, for any ideal I of R, we use IR′ to denote the extension of I to R′ under . We recall some facts in the following. Remark 3. (i) (See the proof of [3, Theorem 2.1].) Let I be an ideal of R such that (0 :A I) 6=0. Then widthI (A)= depthIR′(D(A)). (ii) (See [11, Lemma 2.13(i)].) Let L be an R-submodule of A. Then KdimR(L)= dimR′(D(L)). For the proof of Theorem 5, we need the following lemma. M. Tousi / Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra 149 (2000) 101–104 103 Lemma 4. Let R be a Noetherian ring. Then K dimR(A)= dim(R=(0 :R A)). Proof. In view of the proof of [5, Corollary 1.11], we may assume that A is a faithful R-module and that KdimR(A) = dim ( R / ( 0 :R A )) ≤ dim(R)= dim(R): Now, we prove that dim(R)≤ dim(R=(0 :R A)). It is enough to show that if q ∈ Spec(R), then (0 :R A))⊆ q. Let q ∈Spec(R), and set ’−1(q)= p, where ’ :R→ R is the natural map. Then, by [12, Corollary 2.4 and Lemma 2.5], there exists a maximal ideal m of R such that p∈SuppR(Dm(A))(Dm(·) is the functor HomR(·; E(R=m))). Since Rq is a faithfully at Rp-module, we have Dm(A)p ⊗Rp Rq 6=0. On the other hand, we have Dm(A)p ⊗Rp Rq ∼= (Dm(A)⊗R SR)⊗Rp Rq ∼=Dm(A)q ⊗Rp S−1R; where S =’(R − p). Therefore q ∈SuppR(Dm(A)) and consequently (0 :R A)⊆ (0 :R Dm(A))⊆ q . Theorem 5. Let a ⊆ b be ideals of R. Then Sb (a ; A)= lbR′(aR′; D(A)). (Note that; by [6, 1.6(3)]; D(A) is a nitely generated R′-module.) Proof. Let S = ⊕ 0≤i a i → S ′= 0≤i aiR′ be the natural map from the Rees ring of a to that of aR′. Set G= ⊕ n≤0Gn, where Gn=(0 :A a ib)=(0 :A ai)= (0 :A aibR′)= (0 :A aiR′) and n=−i≤ 0. By Remark 1(ii), any S-submodule of G is an S ′submodule. So, by [5, De nition 2.5 and Lemma 1.2], we have Sb(a ; A)=KdimS(G)=KdimS′(G): Put G′ −n=D(Gn) for n≤ 0 and G′= ⊕ 0≤m G ′ m. Then, by [5, Lemma 1.9], G ′ m= amR′D(A)=ambR′D(A) for m≥ 0. Since (0 :R′ M)= (0 :R′ D(M)) for any R′-module M (see[6, Theorem 1.6(8)], we have (0 :S′ G)= (0 :S′ G′). It therefore follows from [5, Lemma 2.4] and Lemma 4 that KdimS′(G)=dim(S ′=(0 :S′ G))= dim(S ′=(0 :S′ G′))= lbR′(aR′; D(A)): Theorem 6. Let a and b be ideals of R such that (0 :A a + b) 6=0. The following statements hold: (i) widthb(0 :A ai) becomes for large i eventually constant. (ii) If a ⊆ b ; then Sb (a ; A)≤KdimR(A)− widthb (0 :A a) (i/ 0): 104 M. Tousi / Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra 149 (2000) 101–104 Proof. (i) Follows from Remark 3(i), [5, Lemma 1.9] and [1, Theorem (2)(i)]. (ii) Follows from Remark 3 and Theorem 5.
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Macroeconomics, sharia, and economic inequality in The Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC): An empirical study
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ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the factors that influence the level of income inequality in member countries of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OC). The research period used was from 2012 to 2021, using the System Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) analysis tool. The variables used consist of the Gini ratio (proxy of income inequality), economic growth, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), inflation, the average length of schooling (human capital proxy), and corruption perception index (sharia proxy). The results showed that sharia, human, and inflation variables had a negative effect, while economic growth and FDI had a positive and significant effect on income inequality in OIC countries. These results show that in addition to economic factors and human capital, sharia elements cannot be released in overcoming income inequality in OIC countries. Sharia is a driving factor in a more even distribution of income. Keywords: Income Inequality, Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), System Generalized Method of Moment (GMM), Sharia ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat ketimpangan pendapatan di negara anggota Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). Periode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dari tahun 2012 sampai dengan tahun 2021, dengan menggunakan alat analisis System Generalized Method of Moment (GMM). Variabel yang digunakan terdiri dari rasio gini (proksi ketimpangan pendapatan), pertumbuhan ekonomi, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), inflasi, rata-rata lama sekolah (proksi human capital), dan indeks persepsi korupsi (proksi syariah). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel syariah, human, dan inflasi berpengaruh negatif, sedangkan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan FDI berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan di negara-negara OIC. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa selain faktor ekonomi dan human capital unsur syariah tidak bisa dilepaskan dalam mengatasi ketimpangan pendapatan di negara OIC. Syariah menjadi faktor pendorong dalam distribusi pendapatan yang lebih merata. Kata kunci: Ketimpangan Pendapatan, Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), System Generalized Method of Moment (GMM), Syariah REFERENCES Abdulkarim, F. M., & Ali, H. S. (2019). Financial inclusions, financial stability, and income inequality in oic countries: A GMM and quantile regression application. Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance, 5(2), 419–438. doi:10.21098/jimf.v5i2.1069 Alamanda, A. (2021). The effect of economic growth on income inequality: Panel data analysis from fifty countries. Info Artha, 5(1), 1–10. doi:10.31092/jia.v5i1.1176 Anto, M., H. (2011). Introducing an Islamic Human Development Index (I-HDI) to measure development in OIC countries. Islamic Economic Studies, 19(2), 69–95. Arellano, M., & Bond, S. (1991). 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The impact of technological changes on income inequality: The EU states case study. Journal of International Studies, 11(2), 76–94. doi:10.14254/2071-8330.2018/11-2/6 King, L. P., & Váradi, B. (2002). Beyond Manichean economics: Foreign direct investment and growth in the transition from socialism. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 35(1), 1–21. doi:10.1016/S0967-067X(01)00021-6 Kuncoro, M. (2010). Ekonomika pembangunan: Masalah, kebijakan, dan politik. Jakarta: Erlangga. Kuncoro, M. (2013). Mudah memahami dan menganalisis indikator ekonomi. Yogyakarta: Unit Penerbit Dan Percetakan STIM YKPN. Le, Q. H., Do, Q. A., Pham, H. C., & Nguyen, T. D. (2021). The impact of foreign direct investment on income inequality in Vietnam. Southeast Asian Journal of Economics, 9(1), 107–138. doi:10.3390/economies9010027 Lee, J.-W., & Lee, H. (2018). Human capital and income inequality. Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI) Working Paper Series, 810. Retrieved from https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/401466/adbi-wp810.pdf Linawati, Y., Wibowo, M. G., Sunaryati, Wau, T., & Abduh, M. (2021). Financial deepening, macroeconomics, and income inequality in Indonesia: An autoregressive distributed lag approach. Journal of Research in Business and Management, 9(8), 23–32. Luan, Z., Zhou, Z., & Dhongde, S. (2017). The relationship between annual gdp growth and income inequality: developed and undeveloped countries. April, 1–18. Retrieved from https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/84286492.pdf Maestri, V., & Roventini, A. (2012). Inequality and macroeconomic factors: A time-series analysis for a set of OECD Countries. SSRN Electronic Journal, 1–33. doi:10.2139/ssrn.2181399 Mahmooda, S., & Noorb, Z. M. (2015). Effect of human capital inequality and income inequality, estimated by Generalized Method of Moment (GMM). Asia Pacific Journal of Advanced Business and Social Studies, 1(1), 62–71. Mangkoesoebroto. (1993). Ekonomi publik (3rd ed.). Yogyakarta: Penerbit Buku Bhakti Profesindo (BPFE). Mihaylova, S. (2015). Foreign direct investment and income inequality in Central and Eastern Europe. Theoretical and Applied Economics, 22(2), 23–42. Mileva, E. (2007). Using Arellano–Bond dynamic panel GMM estimators in stata. Economics Department Fordham University, 55–92. Mohamad, N. M., Masron, T. A., Wijayanti, R., & Jamil, M. M. (2020). Islamic banking and income inequality: The role of corporate social responsibility. Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 54(2), 77-90. doi:10.17576/JEM-2020-5402-07 Munir, K., & Kanwal, A. (2020). Impact of educational and gender inequality on income and income inequality in South Asian countries. International Journal of Social Economics, 47(8), 1043–1062. doi:10.1108/IJSE-04-2020-0226 Pan-Long, T. (1995). Foreign direct investment and income inequality: Further evidence. World Development, 23(3), 469–483. doi:10.1016/0305-750X(95)00136-Z Krugman, P., & Obstfeld, M. (2004). Ekonomi Internasional (5th ed.). Jakarta: Erlangga. Ravinthirakumaran, K., & Ravinthirakumaran, N. (2018). The impact of foreign direct investment on income inequality: A panel autogressive distributed lag approach for the asia-pacific economic cooperation developing economies. Asia-Pacific Sustainable Development Journal, 25(1), 57–84. doi:10.18356/d30b620b-en Rego, P. D. A. N. de S. (2021). The impact of corruption on income inequality: The role of the political regime. Social Sciences:Economics and Business, Repository University of Porto, 981–993. Roodman, D. (2009). How to do xtabond2: An introduction to difference and system GMM in stata. The Stata Journal: Promoting Communications on Statistics and Stata, 9(1), 86–136. doi:10.1177/1536867X0900900106 Rusydiana, A. S. (2018). Menguji kausalitas antarvariabel ekonomi dan politik: Ibn Khaldun theory on wealth. Jurnal Syarikah : Jurnal Ekonomi Islam, 4(1), 49-58. doi:10.30997/jsei.v4i1.1031 Samuelson, P. A., & Nordhaus, W. D. (1985). Ekonomi (12th ed.). Jakarta: Erlangga. Saputri, S., & Wibowo, M. G. (2018). Determinan pembiayaan UMKM di Indonesia tahun 2011-2015: Pendekatan generalized method of moment (GMM). Al-Amwal: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi dan Perbankan Syari’ah, 10(1), 32–47. doi: 10.24235/amwal.v10i1.2809 Sheikh, M. R., Ashraf, A., Naheed, K., & Tufail, A. (2022). Economic openness, democracy and income inequality nexus in OIC countries. Harf-o-Sukhan: Scholarly Research Journal, 6(2), 24–33. Stack, S. (1978). The effect of direct government involvement in the economy on the degree of income inequality: A cross-national study. American Sociological Review, 43(6), 880-888. doi:10.2307/2094627 Suanes, M. (2016). Foreign direct investment and income inequality in Latin America: A sectoral analysis. CEPAL Review, 2016(118), 45–61. doi:10.18356/13c68e36-en Sukirno, S. (2013). Makro ekonomi teori pengantar (3rd ed.). Jakarta: Rajawali. Thalassinos, E., Uǧurlu, E., & Muratoǧlu, Y. (2012). 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Proceedings of 2017 International Conference on Education Science and Economic Management (ICESEM 2017), 560–563. doi:10.2991/icesem-17.2017.127 Wicaksono, E., Amir, H., & Nugroho, A. (2017). The source of income inequality in Indonesia: a regression-based inequality decomposition. ADBI Working Paper, 667, 1–16. Retrieved from https://www.adb.org/publications/sources-income-inequality-indonesia World Bank. (2022). Gini index data. World Bank. Retrieved from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI World Inequality Database. (2020). Data - WID - World Inequality Database. World Inequality Database. Retrieved from https://wid.world/data/
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A Generalized Schwarz Inequality and Algebraic Invariants for Operator Algebras
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In [2]2 we classified the isometric mappings of one C*-algebra (uniformly closed, self-adjoint operator algebra) onto another. It was remarked in that paper that the results obtained were a non-commutative extension of results of Banach [1] and Stone [7]. While this was true in spirit, we were well aware that it was not accurate to the letter. Banach and Stone deal with the algebra of real continuous functions on a compact-Hausdorff space, and our results concerning C*-algebras are actually the non-commutative analogue of results concerning the complex function algebra. The strict non-commutative analogue of the real function algebra is the Jordan algebra of self-adjoint elements in a C*-algebra (Jordan C*-algebra). The complex and real theorems follow very easily from one another in the commutative case, so that one might justifiably consider the C*-algebra theorem an extension of both of the function algebra theorems. Despite such trifling considerations, two questions still remain: what are the isometries of one C*-algebra onto another, and what are the isometries of one Jordan C*-algebra onto another? At the time [21 was written, the C*-algebra seemed the more natural object to consider. In view of the results obtained, answering the Jordan C*-algebra questions appeared to be an unnecessary decoration to the theory. We felt that the Jordan C*-algebra results could be obtained from the C*-algebra results in the same way that the real function algebra theorem follows from the complex function algebra theorem (viz., by showing that the complexified linear map is everywhere isometric). Subsequent investigations have changed our attitude in this matter. An important application of these considerations requires a Jordan C*-algebra theorem for one thing, and our attempts to derive this theorem directly from the C*-algebra theorem failed for another. The result in question is contained in Theorem 2 of ?2 and states (in normalized form) that an isometry between two Jordan C*-algebras which carries the identity into the identity is a C* (Jordan) -isomorphism. This theorem was eventually proved with the aid of a Generalized Schwarz Inequality (cf. Theorem 1 of ?2). In effect, an alternative ending has been given to the proof of [Theorem 7; 2]. This ending is by no means simpler or shorter than the one given in [2] (though it is, perhaps, less contrived), but it is flexible enough to allow us to draw the desired Jordan C*-algebra conclusion. The critical application of these results is contained in Corollary 3. A discussion accompanies Corollaries 3 and 4, but a few additional remarks are in order.
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Experimental demonstration of the violation of local realism without Bell inequalities
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We report on a two-photon coincidence experiment that demonstrates the violation of local realism, as defined by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen, by about 45 standard deviations without explicit use of Bell inequalities. The experiment is an implementation of ideas put forward by Hardy and Jordan; it depends on showing that certain coincidence rates are zero while another rate is non-zero.
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https://openalex.org/W2067795641
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A new generalized and sharp version of Jordan’s inequality and its applications to the improvement of the Yang Le inequality
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A new generalized and sharp version of Jordan’s inequality is proved and it is applied in the improvement of the Yang Le inequality. Moreover, a mistake in the proof of sharpening Jordan’s inequality due to Zhu [S.H. Wu, On generalizations and refinements of Jordan type inequality, Octogon Math. Mag. 12(1) (2004) 267–272] is corrected.
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https://openalex.org/W2079154561
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Water Safety and Inequality in Access to Drinking-water between Rich and Poor Households
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2079154561
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While water and sanitation are now recognized as a human right by the United Nations, monitoring inequality in safe water access poses challenges. This study uses survey data to calculate household socio-economic-status (SES) indices in seven countries where national drinking-water quality surveys are available. These are used to assess inequalities in access as indicated by type of improved water source, use of safe water, and a combination of these. In Bangladesh, arsenic exposure through drinking-water is not significantly related to SES (p = 0.06) among households using tubewells, whereas in Peru, chlorine residual in piped systems varies significantly with SES (p < 0.0001). In Ethiopia, Nicaragua, and Nigeria, many poor households access nonpiped improved sources, which may provide unsafe water, resulting in greater inequality of access to "safe" water compared to "improved" water sources. Concentration indices increased from 0.08 to 0.15, 0.10 to 0.14, and 0.24 to 0.26, respectively, in these countries. There was minimal difference in Jordan and Tajikistan. Although the results are likely to be underestimates as they exclude individual-level inequalities, they show that use of a binary "improved"/"unimproved" categorization masks substantial inequalities. Future international monitoring programmes should take account of inequality in access and safety.
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https://openalex.org/W2136360324
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On Jordan Type Inequalities for Hyperbolic Functions
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This paper deals with some inequalities for trigonometric and hyperbolic functions such as the Jordan inequality and its generalizations. In particular, lower and upper bounds for functions such as (sin x)/x and x/(sinh x) are proved.
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https://openalex.org/W2963695003
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Some improvements of Jordan-Steckin and Becker-Stark inequalities
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2963695003
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The aim of this article is to propose some improvements of the Jordan-Steckin and Becker-Stark inequalities discussed in L. Debnath, C. Mortici, L. Zhu: Refinements of Jordan-Steckin and Becker-Stark inequalities, Results Math. 67(1-2)(2015), 207-215.
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https://openalex.org/W1996668050
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A simple inequality for the von Neumann–Jordan and James constants of a Banach space
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Let C NJ ( X ) and J ( X ) be the von Neumann–Jordan and James constants of a Banach space X , respectively. We shall show that C NJ ( X ) ⩽ J ( X ) , where equality holds if and only if X is not uniformly non-square. This answers affirmatively to the question in a recent paper by Alonso et al. [J. Alonso, P. Martín, P.L. Papini, Wheeling around von Neumann–Jordan constant in Banach spaces, Studia Math. 188 (2008) 135–150]. This inequality looks quite simple and covers all the preceding results. In particular this is much stronger than Maligranda's conjecture: C NJ ( X ) ⩽ J ( X ) 2 4 + 1 .
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https://openalex.org/W2062922674
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Jordan-type inequalities for differentiable functions and their applications
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In this work, we extend Jordan’s inequality to obtain a new type of inequality involving functions and their higher-order derivatives. The result is then used to obtain some higher accurate inequalities of Jordan type.
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https://openalex.org/W1981273833
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Traces On Jordan Algebras
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In the theory of Jordan algebras one encounters several definitions of the trace, and it is sometimes unclear whether the different notions are equivalent or not. If we restrict attention to the so–called JB –algebras studied in [ 2 ] and their weakly closed analogues JBW –algebras [ 8 ], we shall in the present note show that the different concepts are all equivalent for JBW –algebras, and that the conditions not involving projections are equivalent for JB –algebras. Among the seven equivalent conditions we shall consider, the second (ii) was used by Alfsen and Shultz [ 1 ] to show that if the JBW –algebra, is the self–adjoint part of a von Neumann algebra, then the condition characterizes traces on the enveloping von Neumann algebra. Condition (iii) appears in Robertson's paper [ 7 ] together with the implication (ii) ⇒ (iii). The inequality (iv) is a Jordan analogue of Gardner's inequality | ϕ(x) ≦ ϕ(|x|)|, [ 3 ], characterizing traces on C ast; –algebras.
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https://openalex.org/W2092307937
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A further refinement of a Jordan type inequality and its application
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By introducing Taylor polynomials, a new sharpened and generalized version of Jordan’s inequality is established. The result is then used to obtain a substantially more refined inequality of Jordan type. Moreover, an application of the results presented here toward the improvement of the Yang Le inequality is also considered in this paper.
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https://openalex.org/W2963376365
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Bernstein- and Markov-type inequalities for rational functions
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Asymptotically sharp Bernstein- and Markov-type inequalities are established for rational functions on $C^2$ smooth Jordan curves and arcs. The results are formulated in terms of the normal derivatives of certain Green’s functions with poles at the poles of the rational functions in question. As a special case (when all the poles are at infinity) the corresponding results for polynomials are recaptured.
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https://openalex.org/W2087836552
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Some majorization inequalities in Euclidean Jordan algebras
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In this paper, we prove various eigenvalue and trace inequalities of objects in the setting of simple Euclidean Jordan algebras via majorization techniques.
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https://openalex.org/W2019099917
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On Some Extensions of Hardy-Hilbert's Inequality and Applications
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Laith Emil Azar Department of Mathematics, Al Al-Bayt University, P.O. Box. 130095, Mafraq 25113, Jordan Correspondence should be addressed to Laith Emil Azar, azar [email protected] Received 23 October 2007; Accepted 2 January 2008 Recommended by Shusen Ding By introducing some parameters we establish an extension of Hardy-Hilbert’s integral inequality and the corresponding inequality for series. As an application, the reverses, some particular results and their equivalent forms are considered. Copyright q 2008 Laith Emil Azar. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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[
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https://openalex.org/W1970294843
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General forms of Jordan and Yang Le inequalities
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In this work, general forms of Jordan and Yang Le inequalities are established.
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https://openalex.org/W1866081060
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An inequality for the maximum curvature through a geometric flow
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We provide a new proof of the following inequality: the maximum curvature $k_\mathrm{max}$ and the enclosed area $A$ of a smooth Jordan curve satisfy $k_\mathrm{max}\ge \sqrt{\pi/A}$. The feature of our proof is the use of the curve shortening flow.
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https://openalex.org/W2118066880
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On Functional Inequalities Originating from Module Jordan Left Derivations
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We first examine the generalized Hyers-Ulam stability of functional inequality associated with module Jordan left derivation (resp., module Jordan derivation). Secondly, we study the functional inequality with linear Jordan left derivation (resp., linear Jordan derivation) mapping into the Jacobson radical.
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https://openalex.org/W2125862164
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Some refined families of Jordan-type inequalities and their applications
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2125862164
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Abstract In this paper, the classical Jordan's inequality is studied once again, a new sharpened and generalized version of Jordan's inequality is given by means of polynomial representation, and the result thus derived is then used to obtain several substantially more refined inequalities of Jordan type. Finally, an application of the results presented in this paper toward the improvement of the Yang Le inequality is considered. Keywords: Jordan's inequalitypower seriespolynomial representationhigher-order derivativesYang Le inequalitygeneralizations and refinement of Jordan's inequality Acknowledgements The present investigation was supported, in part, by the Natural Science Foundation of the Fujian Province of the People's Republic of China under Grant S0650003 and, in part, by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada under Grant OGP0007353.
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https://openalex.org/W2067306417
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Three proofs of Minkowski's second inequality in the geometry of numbers
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Let K be a bounded, open convex set in euclidean n -space R n , symmetric in the origin 0. Further let L be a lattice in R n containing 0 and put extended over all positive real numbers u i for which u i K contains i linearly independent points of L . Denote the Jordan content of K by V ( K ) and the determinant of L by d ( L ). Minkowski's second inequality in the geometry of numbers states that Minkowski's original proof has been simplified by Weyl [6] and Cassels [7] and a different proof hasbeen given by Davenport [1].
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https://openalex.org/W3014002962
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Weak majorization, doubly substochastic maps, and some related inequalities in Euclidean Jordan algebras
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In this paper, we extend the notion of weak majorization and doubly substochastic maps, and the Hardy-Littlewood-Pólya theorem on majorization to Euclidean Jordan algebras. We also provide a characterization of doubly substochastic maps on Euclidean Jordan algebras in terms of Jordan algebra automorphisms and quadratic representations. In conjunction with that, various weak majorization inequalities of Aujla-Silva are generalized to Euclidean Jordan algebras.
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https://openalex.org/W643136022
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Perversity and Exponential Sums II: Estimates for and Inequalities among A-Numbers
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W643136022
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Publisher Summary This chapter describes the estimates for and inequalities among A -numbers. A priori inequalities between the A -numbers of different varieties are presented. The ideas here are entirely finite field, monodromy, and weight theoretic in nature, based on a sheaf-theoretic method of computing in principle. It is supposed that X is a closed n -dimensional subscheme, which is equidimensional, and that the dense open set is affine. It would be interesting to understand the A -number in some case intermediate between ordinary double points and cone singularities. The chapter highlights an algebraically closed field K and a prime. It discusses an irreducible projective hypersurface that has as its only singularities a finite set of ordinary double points. The Jordan decomposition of a tensor product of two unipotent Jordan blocks is well-known, by viewing a Jordan block of size d as the action of the upper nilpotent element in the Lie algebra. The canonical extension of M to a lisse sheaf which is tame at zero is, therefore, a multiplicative translate of a Kloosterman sheaf of rank d .
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https://openalex.org/W2046711811
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An inequality between Jordan–von Neumann constant and James constant
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Let X be a non-trivial Banach space. L. Maligranda conjectured C N J ( X ) ≤ 1 + J ( X ) 2 / 4 for James constant J ( X ) and von Neumann–Jordan constant C N J ( X ) for X . Recently, J. Alonso et al. gave a proof of it and conjectured that C N J ( X ) ≤ J ( X ) is also valid. In this paper, we show that this conjecture is true.
|
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https://openalex.org/W2147027760
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The small-community phenomenon in networks
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We investigate several geometric models of networks that simultaneously have some nice global properties, including the small-diameter property, the small-community phenomenon , which is defined to capture the common experience that (almost) everyone in society also belongs to some meaningful small communities, and the power law degree distribution, for which our result significantly strengthens those given in van den Esker (2008) and Jordan (2010). These results, together with our previous work in Li and Peng (2011), build a mathematical foundation for the study of both communities and the small-community phenomenon in various networks. In the proof of the power law degree distribution, we develop the method of alternating concentration analysis to build a concentration inequality by alternately and iteratively applying both the sub- and super-martingale inequalities, which seems to be a powerful technique with further potential applications.
|
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https://openalex.org/W2022687935
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Some inequalities concerning the James constant in Banach spaces
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"id": "https://openalex.org/I143593769",
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],
"display_name": "Fenghui Wang",
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"display_name": "Luoyang Normal University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210117164",
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],
"display_name": "Pang Bi-jun",
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[
"Jordan"
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"https://openalex.org/W2012976574",
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"https://openalex.org/W2078558388",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2022687935
|
Let A2(X) be the constant introduced by Baronti, Casini and Papini. This paper discusses the constant A2(X) and states an estimate A2(X)⩽1+J(X)−1 in terms of the James constant. The estimate enables us to improve an inequality between the James and von Neumann–Jordan constants.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S151579836",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1881329863
|
No "White" Child Left Behind: The Academic Achievement Gap between Black and White Students.
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Rochelle Rowley",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5083196486"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "David W. Wright",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5066932343"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Desegregation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779361081"
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{
"display_name": "Supreme court",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778272461"
},
{
"display_name": "Academic achievement",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781206393"
},
{
"display_name": "Standardized test",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C203151758"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "No child left behind",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2983172159"
},
{
"display_name": "White (mutation)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56273599"
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{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
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{
"display_name": "Test (biology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777267654"
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"display_name": "Racism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139838865"
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"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Accountability",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776007630"
},
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"display_name": "Public administration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431"
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{
"display_name": "Mathematics education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145420912"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
},
{
"display_name": "Paleontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
"display_name": "Biochemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C55493867"
},
{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
},
{
"display_name": "Gene",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C104317684"
}
] |
[
"Jordan"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1881329863
|
Racial inequality in education is a serious problem in the United States. The latest government attempt to address this problem was the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB). This study used the Educational Longitudinal Study of 2002 (ELS: 2002) to examine the relationship between race and composite reading and math scores among Black and students. A total of 8,315 10th grade students were included in this analysis. The results showed a difference in test scores between Black and students with Whites scoring higher than Blacks. The findings from this study suggest that discrimination based on race as well as family factors outside the school setting contribute to this difference in test scores between Black and students. Keywords: education, test scores, gap, Blacks, Whites, NCLB, academic achievement Over a half century ago, the United States Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education ofTopeka (1954) paved the way for the desegregation of public schools. Three years later, the National Guard forced Little Rock, Arkansas to admit Blacks in public school and eight years after Little Rock, the United States passed the CzVi/ Rights Act of 1964, which included a ban against discrimination in education based on race. The issue of racial inequality in education has consistently been addressed through government policy in an attempt to solve the problem of discrimination in the American school system. The latest government attempt was the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB, 2002). Accountability is the focus of the current NCLB policy, which addresses the academic achievement of America's youth and especially the difference in test scores that exists between low-income and minority students and their White, middle-class counterparts. The NCLB requires all schools to provide a quality education regardless of the child's demographics or ability level and, if these schools fail to achieve adequate yearly progress, parents are allowed to remove their children from that school and place them in a school (U. S. Department of Education, 2001). Also, while NCLB gives parents more choices regarding the school their child attends (U. S. Department of Education, 2001), other related issues that schools have no control over, such as living conditions and parental willingness to be involved in their child's education, are not accounted for in the Act. Since past experiences and cultural differences can influence potential academic achievement, a child's racial minority status and identity may be directly related to his or her academic potential (Taubman, 1989). This study uses a theoretical framework to analyze the relationship between many factors associated with academic achievement. With composite test scores as the dependent variable in the model, student role performance, school environment factors, role of teachers, family socialization, and peer influences are used to evaluate the affects each has on test scores. STUDENT ROLE PERFORMANCE Student role performance includes the behaviors centered on how students perform in their positions as students and how well students meet the expectations and obligations based on their ascribed and achieved roles (Wright, 2006). Students perform many roles in their positions including race, sex, disabilities, homework completion, and extracurricular activities. The role of race can be detrimental to the academic achievement of minorities (Fordham & Ogbu, 1986). Students who spend more time on homework and attend school regularly perform better academically (Da vis & Jordan, 1994). However, Black students believe they have a cultural responsibility to uphold, which influences their ability to achieve academically because academic achievement may be viewed as a goal; therefore, Black students may behave in a way so as not to be labeled as acting White (Fordham & Ogbu, 1986). Black males, specifically, either have an inability or lack of motivation for performing their roles as students within traditionally school settings (Davis & Jordan, 1994). …
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Negro Education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S91843068",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2623594434
|
A Sharp Inequality for Harmonic Diffeomorphisms of the Unit Disk
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Montenegro",
"display_name": "University of Montenegro",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I5936373",
"lat": 42.443333,
"long": 19.243889,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "David Kalaj",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5014626642"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Unit disk",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C47177299"
},
{
"display_name": "Differential geometry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C192939610"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Fourier analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C203024314"
},
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Unit (ring theory)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C122637931"
},
{
"display_name": "Harmonic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127934551"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
},
{
"display_name": "Harmonic function",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C627467"
},
{
"display_name": "Pure mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C202444582"
},
{
"display_name": "Geometry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2524010"
},
{
"display_name": "Fourier transform",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C102519508"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964"
},
{
"display_name": "Quantum mechanics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145420912"
}
] |
[
"Jordan"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1988126813",
"https://openalex.org/W2316675947",
"https://openalex.org/W4210988211"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2623594434
|
We extend the classical Schwarz–Pick inequality to the class of harmonic mappings between the unit disk and a Jordan domain with given perimeter. It is intriguing that the extremals in this case are certain harmonic diffeomorphisms between the unit disk and a convex domain that solve the Beltrami equation of second order.
|
[
{
"display_name": "The Journal of Geometric Analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S6775291",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "arXiv (Cornell University)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400194",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2058065050
|
Refined Fuchs inequalities for systems of linear differential equations
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Renat Gontsov",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5008738770"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Applied mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C28826006"
},
{
"display_name": "Calculus (dental)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777686260"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Dentistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199343813"
}
] |
[
"Jordan"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W587244519",
"https://openalex.org/W1972793037",
"https://openalex.org/W2046116988",
"https://openalex.org/W2742470390",
"https://openalex.org/W3141151088"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2058065050
|
We refine the Fuchs inequalities obtained by Corel for systems of linear meromorphic differential equations given on the Riemann sphere. Fuchs inequalities enable one to estimate the sum of exponents of the system over all its singular points. We refine these well-known inequalities by considering the Jordan structure of the leading coefficient of the Laurent series for the matrix of the right-hand side of the system in the neighbourhood of a singular point.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Izvestiya: Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S111445056",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1975826551
|
A general form of Jordan-type double inequality for the generalized and normalized Bessel functions
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "China",
"display_name": "Zhejiang Gongshang University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I75059550",
"lat": 30.308933,
"long": 120.389626,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Ling Zhu",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5074721204"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Bessel function",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107706756"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Bessel's inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C59037737"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Type (biology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777299769"
},
{
"display_name": "Pure mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C202444582"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
},
{
"display_name": "Struve function",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C125065441"
},
{
"display_name": "Series (stratigraphy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C143724316"
},
{
"display_name": "Log sum inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C46979015"
},
{
"display_name": "Rearrangement inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126087398"
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{
"display_name": "Orthogonal polynomials",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10628310"
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{
"display_name": "Classical orthogonal polynomials",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C21736991"
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"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
},
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666"
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{
"display_name": "Gegenbauer polynomials",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C78540521"
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{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
}
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[
"Jordan"
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[
"https://openalex.org/W1965349436",
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"https://openalex.org/W1970461301",
"https://openalex.org/W1982706913",
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"https://openalex.org/W2142532446",
"https://openalex.org/W4238031383",
"https://openalex.org/W4255358402",
"https://openalex.org/W4312304305"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1975826551
|
In this note, a general form of Jordan-type double inequality involving the generalized and normalized Bessel functions is presented, and then some recent results concerning generalized and sharp work of Jordan’s inequality are extended. At the same time, the applications of the results above give two new infinite series for sinx/x and sinhx/x.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Applied Mathematics and Computation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S50372074",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2490058205
|
JORDAN-TYPE INEQUALITIES FOR GENERALIZED BESSEL FUNCTIONS
|
[
{
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{
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"display_name": "Eötvös Loránd University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I106118109",
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"long": 19.04045,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Árpád Baricz",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5036113611"
}
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[
{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C59037737"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C118532472"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Struve function",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C125065441"
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{
"display_name": "Cylindrical harmonics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C115171141"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C73295869"
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{
"display_name": "Type (biology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777299769"
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{
"display_name": "Order (exchange)",
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"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C21736991"
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{
"display_name": "Macdonald polynomials",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C171686973"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C86607863"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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"display_name": "Orthogonal polynomials",
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[
"Jordan"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W116352313",
"https://openalex.org/W942529012",
"https://openalex.org/W1965349436",
"https://openalex.org/W2007280870",
"https://openalex.org/W2014760829",
"https://openalex.org/W2040767178",
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"https://openalex.org/W2116909691",
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"https://openalex.org/W2187698697"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2490058205
|
Bessel functions, modified Bessel functions, Jordan's inequality. Abstract: In this note our aim is to present some Jordan-type inequalities for generalized Bessel functions in order to extend some recent results concerning generalized and sharp versions of the well-known Jordan's inequality.
|
[] |
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