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https://openalex.org/W3014691413
|
Women at the Tahar Haddad Club
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Wafa Stephan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5027845139"
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[
{
"display_name": "Club",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776459890"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C132829578"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Artificial intelligence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302"
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{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Anatomy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105702510"
}
] |
[
"Tunisia"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3014691413
|
The Tahar Haddad Club is one of the many cultural clubs that exist in Tunisia. Situated right in the middle of the old city of Tunis-the Medina - it carries the name of a famous Tunisian reformist of the early 20th century, who advocated the emancipation and equality of women. .
|
[
{
"display_name": "Al-Raida Journal",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764949313",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2051711831
|
Revolutionary Mahdism and Resistance to Colonial Rule in the Sokoto Caliphate, 1905–6
|
[
{
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{
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"display_name": "York University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I192455969",
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],
"display_name": "Paul E. Lovejoy",
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"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Colby College",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I27504731",
"lat": 44.56393,
"long": -69.66209,
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],
"display_name": "Jan Hogendorn",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5035661018"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C10314817"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2993835690"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2549261"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
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{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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[
"Sudan"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1515472142",
"https://openalex.org/W2004539782",
"https://openalex.org/W2116200087",
"https://openalex.org/W2140877107",
"https://openalex.org/W2171932477",
"https://openalex.org/W2497790060",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2051711831
|
The Mahdist uprising of 1905–6 was a revolutionary movement that attempted to overthrow British and French colonial rule, the aristocracy of the Sokoto Caliphate and the zarmakoy of Dosso. The Mahdist supporters of the revolt were disgruntled peasants, fugitive slaves and radical clerics who were hostile both to indigenous authorities and to the colonial regimes. There was no known support among aristocrats, wealthy merchants or the ‘ ulama. Thus the revolt reflected strong divisions based on class and, as an extension, on ethnicity. The pan-colonial appeal of the movement and its class tensions highlight another important feature: revolutionary Mahdism differed from other forms of Mahdism that were common in the Sokoto Caliphate at the time of the colonial conquest. There appears to have been no connection with the Mahdists who were followers of Muhammad Ahmed of the Nilotic Sudan or with those who joined Sarkin Musulmi Attahiru I on his hijra of 1903. The suppression of the revolt was important for three reasons. First, the British consolidated their alliance with the aristocracy of the Caliphate, while the French further strengthened their ties with the zarmakoy of Dosso and other indigenous rulers. The dangerous moment which Muslims might have seized to expel the Europeans quickly passed. Second, the brutality of the repression was a message to slave owners and slaves alike that the colonial regimes were committed to the continuation of slavery and opposed to any sudden emancipation of the slave population. Third, 1906 marked the end of revolutionary action against colonialism; the radical clerics were either killed or imprisoned. Other forms of Mahdism continued to haunt the colonial regimes, but without serious threat of a general rising.
|
[
{
"display_name": "The Journal of African History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S3091228",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2020015897
|
From Bondage to Freedom on the Red Sea Coast: Manumitted Slaves in Egyptian Massawa, 1873–1885
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Jonathan Miran",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5032416727"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Context (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C123588078"
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{
"display_name": "Historiography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C29598333"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "Ethnic group",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C137403100"
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{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
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"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
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{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Ethnology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2549261"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
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{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
}
] |
[
"Sudan",
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2020015897
|
The study of 239 manumission acts registered in the court records of the Red Sea port of Massawa, now in the modern state of Eritrea, allows us glimpses into the practice of slavery and emancipation in that town in the 1870s and 1880s. The evidence sheds light both on urban slaves owned by local Massawans, commercial entrepreneur-sojourners, Egyptian officers and the Egyptian government, as well as on those slaves who might have been captured en route before their shipment across the Red Sea to the Arabian Peninsula and the Middle East. In the context of the scanty historiography of slavery in the Ethio-Eritrean area, the data provides unique information about gender, age, names, origins, geographic provenance and the circumstances of manumission of 276 slaves, many of whom originated in what are today areas of south-western and western Ethiopia, but also from the Eritrean borderlands and the Sudan. The evidence also provides insights into ethnic and racial distinctions and categorisations, as well as the experience of slaves before and after manumission, including concubinage, marriage and, perhaps, employment with the Egyptian government which ruled Massawa between 1865 and 1885.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Slavery & Abolition",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S137016846",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2077006744
|
THE SUDANESE MAHDĪ’S ATTITUDES ON SLAVERY AND EMANCIPATION
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Kim Searcy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5032370116"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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{
"display_name": "Extant taxon",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178300618"
},
{
"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Islam",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C4445939"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
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{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
},
{
"display_name": "Evolutionary biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C78458016"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
}
] |
[
"Sudan",
"Egypt"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1498123630",
"https://openalex.org/W1530101750",
"https://openalex.org/W2046522779",
"https://openalex.org/W2491773583"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2077006744
|
The forces of the Sudanese Mahdī captured Khartoum in 1885 and brought an end to sixty-four years of Turco-Egyptian occupation of the Sudan. The Mahdī’s revolt—from the perspective of many scholars of the period, such as P. M. Holt—was launched because of the Egyptian government’s attempts to end slavery in the Sudan. This article analyzes the extant proclamations, sermons, and rulings of the Mahdī in order to identify his attitudes on slavery and emancipation. It argues that, contrary to what previous scholars have concluded, the Mahdī’s revolt against the Turco-Egyptian forces was not motivated primarily by the suppression of the slave trade. Rather, the Mahdī responded to the occupation’s imposition of poll taxes as a corrupted form of government divorced from the pure Islamic state he envisioned founding.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Sudanic Africa",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764818126",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4214509878
|
Routes to Emancipation in Egypt and the Sudan
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ahmad Alawad Sikainga",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5081286152"
}
] |
[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C531593650"
},
{
"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
},
{
"display_name": "Islam",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C4445939"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "Mamluk",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777898063"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427"
},
{
"display_name": "Protectorate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777830688"
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{
"display_name": "Administration (probate law)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780765947"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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] |
[
"Sudan",
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4214509878
|
In addition to the fact that the Sudan was a major source of slaves for Egypt for several centuries, Ottoman Egypt conquered and ruled the Sudan from 1820 until 1884 when Egypt was expelled from the country by the Mahdist revolution, which established an independent state in Sudan. However, the Mahdist state was overthrown in 1898 by Britain and Egypt, who established a joint administration that ruled the Sudan until 1956. Although slavery and the slave trade existed in the Sudan for many centuries, they reached a peak during the 19th century due to the policies of the Ottoman-Egyptian government. Slavery continued to persist under the Mahdist state and for several decades after the establishment of the Anglo-Egyptian administration. British antislavery policies focused mainly on combating the slave trade but adopted a gradual approach to the abolition of slavery. However, the expansion of the colonial economy and the wage labor market, the actions of the slaves themselves, and international pressure prompted the colonial government to take active measures to emancipate the slaves during the interwar period. Slavery was also an ancient institution in Egypt, dating back to the pre-Islamic era. Slaves obtained from various locations, including Eastern Europe and Africa, played major roles under the successive Muslim dynasties that ruled Egypt. However, the growth of slave trade and the widespread use of slaves in the 19th century was a direct result of the Ottoman-Egyptian conquest of the Sudan. Slavery thrived in Egypt but changes in the Egyptian economy and the labor system, public opinion, and growing internal pressure led to its demise toward the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4363604760",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2003079537
|
Ahmad Alawad Sikainga, Slaves Into Workers: Emancipation and Labor in Colonial Sudan. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1996. xvii + 276 pp. - Ibrahim K. Sundiata, From Slaving to Neoslavery: The Bight of Biara and Fernando Po in the Era of Abolition, 1827–1930. Madison: University of Wisconsiin Press, 1996. xii + 250 pp. $47.50 cloth.
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Canada",
"display_name": "University of Toronto",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I185261750",
"lat": 43.70643,
"long": -79.39864,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Martin Klein",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5054027851"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "Colonialism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C531593650"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427"
},
{
"display_name": "Art",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
}
] |
[
"Sudan"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2003079537
|
Ahmad Alawad Sikainga, Slaves Into Workers: Emancipation and Labor in Colonial Sudan. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1996. xvii + 276 pp. - Ibrahim K. Sundiata, From Slaving to Neoslavery: The Bight of Biara and Fernando Po in the Era of Abolition, 1827–1930. Madison: University of Wisconsiin Press, 1996. xii + 250 pp. $47.50 cloth. - Volume 53
|
[
{
"display_name": "International Labor and Working-Class History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S109108137",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4229563184
|
Book notes
|
[] |
[
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "Colonialism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C531593650"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427"
},
{
"display_name": "Humanities",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15708023"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Art",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
}
] |
[
"Sudan"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4229563184
|
Mogador: une cit sous les alizs, des origines: 1939 by Hamza Ben Driss Ottmani. Rabat: La Porte, 1997. Slaves into Workers: Emancipation and Labor in Colonial Sudan by Ahmad Sikainga. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1996. North Africa: Development and Reform in a Changing Economy edited by Dirk Vandewalle. New York: St.Martin's Press, 1996.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of North African Studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S54158622",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2021890659
|
Modern Egyptian renaissance man
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Czechia",
"display_name": "Czech Academy of Sciences, Oriental Institute",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210147654",
"lat": 50.08804,
"long": 14.42076,
"type": "facility"
}
],
"display_name": "R. C. Ostle",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5071421252"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Poetry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C164913051"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "Classics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74916050"
},
{
"display_name": "Political consciousness",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777330363"
},
{
"display_name": "Literature",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C124952713"
},
{
"display_name": "Art",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
}
] |
[
"Syria",
"Egypt",
"Iraq"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W633061260",
"https://openalex.org/W653128355",
"https://openalex.org/W2099356941",
"https://openalex.org/W2148817988",
"https://openalex.org/W2332483210",
"https://openalex.org/W2587078157"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2021890659
|
The rise of political consciousness in the Arab Provinces of the Ottoman Empire in the nineteenth century has long been referred to as an era of rebirth or resurrection ( nahḍa ), and from its earliest stages this period saw a dual process of aspirations to political emancipation and creative waves of cultural regeneration. Thus George Antonius was moved to attribute the beginnings of the Arab national movement to the foundation of a modest literary society in Beirut in 1847; the two figures who dominated the intellectual life of Syria in the mid nineteenth century—Nāṣīf al-Yāzijī and Buṭrus al-Bustānī—were ded icated to the resurrection of the lost world of classical Arabic literature, to the virtual re-creation of Arabic as one of the languages of the modern world, and to preaching the virtues of education based on inter-confessional tolerance and patriotic ideals. The most distinguished area of the early history of modern Arabic literature is neo-classical poetry, whose revival of the achievements of the golden age of the ‘Abbāsids provided the foundation on which the first tentative steps towards the renewal of the great tradition were to be based. Indeed the technical excellence of the neo-classical mode was such that it dominated poetry in Egypt at least until the late 1920s, and for even longer in Iraq and the rest of the Levant.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210171990",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2048309057
|
»If you preserve carefully faith …« – Hellenistic Attitudes Towards Religion in Pre-Maccabean Times
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Stefan Beyerle",
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[
"Syria"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2048309057
|
The article analyses influences on religious attitudes of Palestinian Jews on the eve of the Antiochean crisis, which resulted in an »inner conversion« to an »apocalyptic« way of thinking. Especially the historical allusions in the Old Greek version of Dan 8,9 match with the events around the conquests of Coele-Syria by Antiochos the Great at the turn of the third to the second century BC. Furthermore, the notice on the emancipation of slaves in Dan 8,11 (OG) recalls a decree of Antiochos III (cf. Ant 12,138–144). The »tolerant« attitude of the Seleucids to religious activity which is evident here finds further confirmation in measures of Antiochos III which are attested in inscriptions from Hefzibah and Caria.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Zeitschrift für die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft",
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|
https://openalex.org/W1597421816
|
In defense of lost causes
|
[
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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[
"Iran"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1597421816
|
Is global emancipation a lost cause? Are universal values outdated relics of an earlier age? In this combative major new work, philosophical sharpshooter Slavoj A iA ek takes on the reigning ideology with a plea that we should reappropriate several lost causes, and looks for the kernel of truth in the totalitarian politics of the past. Examining Heidegger's seduction by fascism and Foucault's flirtation with the Iranian Revolution, he suggests that these were the right steps in the wrong direction. Highlighting the revolutionary terror of Robespierre, Mao and the Bolsheviks, A iA ek argues that while these struggles ended in historic failure and monstrosity, this is not the entire story. There was, in fact, a redemptive moment that gets lost in the outright liberal-democratic rejection of revolutionary authoritarianism and the valorization of soft, consensual, decentralized politics. A iA ek claims that, particularly in the light of the forthcoming ecological crisis, we should reinvent revolutionary terror and the dictatorship of the proletariat in the struggle for universal emancipation. We need to courageously accept the return to this cause - even if we court the risk of a catastrophic disaster. In the words of Samuel Beckett: Try again. Fail again. Fail better.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2755491403
|
Slavery and Empire in Central Asia
|
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2755491403
|
The Central Asian slave trade swept hundreds of thousands of Iranians, Russians, and others into slavery during the eighteenth–nineteenth centuries. Drawing on eyewitness accounts, autobiographies, and newly-uncovered interviews with slaves, this book offers an unprecedented window into slaves' lives and a penetrating examination of human trafficking. Slavery strained Central Asia's relations with Russia, England, and Iran, and would serve as a major justification for the Russian conquest of this region in the 1860s–70s. Challenging the consensus that the Russian Empire abolished slavery with these conquests, Eden uses these documents to reveal that it was the slaves themselves who brought about their own emancipation by fomenting the largest slave uprising in the region's history.
|
[
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|
https://openalex.org/W2403328677
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Notes on the Bábí and Bahá’í Religions in Russia and its Territories
|
[
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2403328677
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The impact of the emergence of the Bábí and Bahá’í religions in nineteenth-century Iran was almost immediately felt in neighboring countries, including Russia and the territories under Russian rule. Those who followed these movements most closely were diplomats, academics, and intellectuals. Bahá’í communities emerged in Russia mostly through Persian migration. Despite their suppression during Soviet rule, scattered remnants of these communities survived until recent political and social changes in the former Soviet Union allowed their full reemergence. This phenomenon of persecution followed by emancipation was alluded to in the writings of Shoghi Effendi from the 1920s.
|
[
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https://openalex.org/W3022317137
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Constructing an emancipatory learning environment in Iranian English classes through dialogue journal writing as an educational tool
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3022317137
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This qualitative study applied dialogue journal writing to explore its effectiveness on language learning and critical literacy skills of 45 EFL students with the age range of 10–13 in an Iranian EFL context. Data analysis of 500 entries showed students’ emancipation from banking education constraints, their empowerment to voice, enhancement of motivation and positive feelings, as well as improvement of their linguistic competence. Based on the findings of this study, language teachers are suggested to use this educational tool to transform their pedagogy and enliven students’ language learning.
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https://openalex.org/W1485301260
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Utilising multi‐aspectual understanding as a framework for ERP success evaluation
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1485301260
|
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to apply a philosophical framework in order to come to a life‐world oriented understanding of an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system for evaluating system success. To do so, according to Dooyeweerd's theory of aspects, a multi‐aspectual understanding is derived based on end‐user's everyday experience of the system. Design/methodology/approach Through a qualitative case study, data are gathered based on 17 semi‐structured interviews. The company within which this study was conducted is an Iranian manufacturer which fully implemented a SAP R/3 system about four years ago. In order to analyze text data, an interpretive text analysis is conducted. Findings According to the results, among all 15 aspects and from end users’ point of view, the qualifying aspects are analytical, pistic, economic and formative, which means that the other aspects are ignored or repressed throughout the organization. All these qualifying aspects include both positive and negative norms but for three of them (analytical, economic and formative) the positive norms are dominant. Regarding the pistic aspect, even though it includes strong positive norms, they are not dominant compared to negative norms. Synthesizing results show that according to “Meeting objectives”, “User satisfaction” and “Emancipation” as general norms, ERP success, in order to be completely realized, requires each general norm to be considered as a multi‐aspectual criterion. Practical implications First, the management team has to concentrate not only on economic and formative objectives but also on the other aspectual objectives which are more qualitative and intangible. Each aspectual objective requires its own specific methods and data to be measured, therefore the management team must provide supportive conditions so that multiple measurement systems are allowed to be implemented. Second, through new long‐term plans, budgets and training courses, already ignored aspects such as psychic, lingual, social, aesthetic, juridical and ethical must be more focused in order to bring to them more visibility and recognition throughout the organization. Third, In order to increase the positive norms for all aspects, holding periodical workshops and training courses is helpful. In addition, implementing reward systems can be a complementary action in order to improve positive norms. Originality/value The paper shows that evaluating ERP success according to end users’ point of view brings more visibility to some issues which are usually ignored or missed by quantitative or uni‐aspectual approaches. Furthermore, utilizing Dooyeweerd's framework as a life‐oriented philosophy for evaluating ERP success is a novel work, which may lead to a kind of development and enrichment in the ERP success literature.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Enterprise Information Management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S141478581",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W602153547
|
Slavery and resistance in Africa and Asia
|
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"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Edward A. Alpers",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5090245656"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Gwyn Campbell",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5072011829"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Michael Salman",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5062099161"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Vagrancy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776207721"
},
{
"display_name": "Protectorate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777830688"
},
{
"display_name": "Resistance (ecology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C57473165"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "Colonialism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C531593650"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Interpretation (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C527412718"
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{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
"display_name": "Ethnology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2549261"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
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{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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[
"Iran",
"Somalia"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W602153547
|
1. Introduction Edward A. Alpers, Gwyn Campbell and Michael 2. Resisting Interpretation: Maroons in eighteenth century Mauritius Megan Vaughan 3. A Serious and Alarming Daily Evil: Illegal absence, Desertion, and Vagrancy in Colonial Plantation Systems Richard Allen 4. The Idea of Marronage: Reflections on Literature and Politics in Reunion Edward A. Alpers 5. Gosha/Heer-Goleet (People of the Forest): Runaway Slaves in the Juba Valley of Southern Somalia Omar Eno 6. Slave emancipation in Iran: gender and freedom Behnaz Mirzai Asl 7. Resisting Slavery in the Philippines, 1913-1914: Reflections on the Polymorphous Structures of Domination/Resistance and the Reversibility of Comparisons Michael Salman 8. The Resistance of the Korean Nobis (Hereditary Slaves) During the Period of the Chosun Dynasty (1392-1910) Kim Bok-Rae 9. Abolishing the Slave Trade in Portuguese India: Documentary Evidence of Popular and Official Resistance to Crown Policy, 1842-1860 Timothy Walker 10. Slave Resistance and Rebellion in the Aden Protectorate in the 1930s and 1940s Suzanne Miers 11. Malagasy in Antebellum Maryland and Virginia: Discovering Oral Traditions and Re-Visiting Written Histories Wendy Wilson Fall 12. Slaves, Brides and other Gifts: Resistance, Marriage and Inequality in Eastern Indonesia Janet Hoskins 13. Revolted but Not Revolting: Reflections on the Sakalava Division of Labour and Forms of Subjectification Michael Lambek 14. Reflections Joseph C. Miller
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2117332062
|
KEDUDUKAN WANITA DI IRAN: MENGUNGKAP PANDANGAN ULAMA SY’IAH
|
[
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{
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"display_name": "Institut Agama Islam Negeri Manado",
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"long": 124.84892,
"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Moustapha Sadik",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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{
"display_name": "Visual arts",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C153349607"
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[
"Iran"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2117332062
|
In Iran, woman emancipation does not undergo fundamental change compared with that in other Islamic worlds. In Iran, woman are still in subordinate position. It is within this context that conservative theological thought of Shi’i ulama s (Islamic scholars), especially Khomeni gave a great contribution to the subordinating of status of woman in Iran. This article tries to discuss status of woman in Iran from Shi’i ulama’ s perspective. Kata Kunci: Kedudukan wanita, ulama Syi’ah
|
[
{
"display_name": "HUNAFA: Jurnal Studia Islamika",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306512491",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W4244333234
|
Introduction
|
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Darioush Bayandor",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5084741525"
}
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{
"display_name": "Hindsight bias",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10347200"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C542948173"
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{
"display_name": "Passion",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780310893"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
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{
"display_name": "Event (particle physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779662365"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
"display_name": "Democracy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C555826173"
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{
"display_name": "Economic history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Social psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964"
},
{
"display_name": "Quantum mechanics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636"
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] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4244333234
|
Well over half a century after the fall of the government of Dr Mohammad Mosaddeq on 19 August 1953, the topic has not ceased to stir interest among historians or arouse passion in Iranian circles. The event has been described by many in Iran and abroad as a CIA-inspired coup which extinguished national aspirations for democracy and economic emancipation; others have hailed the event as a popular uprising (Qiām’e Melli) that saved the country from chaos and a drift towards communism — 19 August 1953 thus remains a fault-line that divides Iranians. Yet none of the two assumptions, in absolute, stand the test of a vigorous probe. The present volume is an attempt in hindsight to embark on such a probe, exploring new angles with the help of data that, while in public domain, has not been fully tapped.
|
[
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"display_name": "Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463716",
"type": "ebook platform"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2768611328
|
REVIEW - Mirzai, Behnaz A. A History of Slavery and Emancipation in Iran, 1800–1929. 324 pp. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2017.
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Pedram Khosronejad",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5055792339"
}
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[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
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{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2768611328
|
REVIEW - Mirzai, Behnaz A. A History of Slavery and Emancipation in Iran, 1800–1929. 324 pp. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2017.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Anthropology of the Contemporary Middle East and Central Eurasia",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764520678",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2301860602
|
The social and economic history of slavery in Libya (1800-1950)
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Amal Mehemed Altaleb",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5016644839"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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{
"display_name": "Commodity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779439359"
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{
"display_name": "Memoir",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C177897776"
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{
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{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Surgery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C141071460"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
}
] |
[
"Libya"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2301860602
|
This thesis investigates the social and economic history of slavery in Libya in the period between 1800 and 1950. Focusing on Tripoli and the trading centres of Ghadames and Fezzan, it uses a combination of sources including legal records, travel accounts, commercial correspondence, memoirs and oral interviews to examine the impact of the slave trade, the economic and social lives of the enslaved, and their experiences of emancipation.Examining the trading of slaves in Ghadames, the thesis reveals how merchants considered slaves one commodity among others. It analyses how the slave trade continued until the Italian occupation of Libya in 1911, long after the formal prohibition of the trans-Saharan slave trade in 1856. Despite a long-term decline, caravan trading networks remained somewhat resilient and continued with alternative commodities such as ivory and ostrich feathers.This thesis then moves to analyse the social and economic lives of the enslaved, and the legal status of slavery in Libya. It explores the dynamics of employment, resistance by slaves and master-slave relations by analysing two major categories of slaves, who were treated considerably differently; those who worked in the caravan trade in Ghadames, and those slaves who worked as domestic servants in Tripoli.Many existing sources showed the differences in social relationship between slaves and masters. Different occupational categories, such as caravan workers and domestic servants, had different access to patronage, or experiences of abuse and violence. Oral interviews reveal that slaves in Tripoli experienced less violence compared to those in Ghadames and Fezzan in the nineteenth century. However, mistreated slaves had the right to a court hearing. The court provided a platform for slaves to challenge abuse, with some slaves seeking to push these boundaries further by going to court to assert their rights to better treatment by their owners.The third chapter explores the patterns of religious and economic manumission that existed in Libya before the abolition of slavery, It also traces changes of policies of emancipation that pursued by Ottoman and Italian governments. Finally, the thesis explores the social history of emancipation through examining the economic and social lives of communities of freed slaves.Through surveying a large number of legal cases, the thesis argues that slavery in Libya was marked more by continuities than change across the period of study. The legacy of slavery has persisted over time as relations of clientship between ex-slaves and ex-masters replaced direct relations of ownership. This thesis shows the difficulties faced by slaves in negotiating for clientship (al-wala?) from their former masters. Some ex-slaves unquestionably improved their status with a substantial minority experiencing social mobility as caravan workers and agents, while others remained ill-treated, with irregular work and subsistence wage labour; living on the margins of Libyan society.
|
[
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"display_name": "[Thesis]. Manchester, UK: The University of Manchester; 2016.",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306532721",
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https://openalex.org/W2567120522
|
From Black Lit to Black Print: The Return to the Archive in African American Literary Studies
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Britt Rusert",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5066765258"
}
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"display_name": "Print culture",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779749002"
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{
"display_name": "African-American literature",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118107040"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "African american",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2987028688"
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{
"display_name": "American literature",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C5399437"
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"display_name": "White (mutation)",
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"display_name": "Dismissal",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778145024"
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{
"display_name": "Art history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C52119013"
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{
"display_name": "Classics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74916050"
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{
"display_name": "Religious studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C24667770"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C124952713"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
"display_name": "Biochemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C55493867"
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{
"display_name": "Ethnology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2549261"
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{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680"
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{
"display_name": "Gene",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C104317684"
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"Jordan"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2567120522
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From Black Lit to Black Print: The Return to the Archive in African American Literary Studies Britt Rusert (bio) Black Print Unbound: The “Christian Recorder,” African American Literature, and Periodical Culture. By Eric Gardner. New York: Oxford University Press, 2015. 346pages. $99.00 (cloth). $29.95 (paper). Early African American Print Culture. Edited by Lara Langer Cohen and Jordan Alexander Stein. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012. $55.00 (cloth). 432pages. $24.95 (paper). Publishing Blackness: Textual Constructions of Race Since 1850. Edited by George Hutchinson and John K. Young. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2013. 248pages. $70.00 (cloth). Word by Word: Emancipation and the Act of Writing. By Christopher Hager. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2013. 328pages. $39.95 (cloth). $19.95 (paper). In his much-discussed 2011 monograph, What Was African American Literature?, Kenneth Warren argues for a new periodization of African American literature, bookended by Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896 and the passage of civil rights legislation in the 1960s. Warren argues that African American literature only existed as a coherent literature in the age of legalized segregation, when a group of black writers consciously set out to produce a literature that made a distinct political intervention: the toppling of Jim Crow. While Warren’s study has garnered several responses, reopening timely debates about historicization, canons, and class, along with meditations about the status of post–civil rights literary production in the field, the book’s dismissal of the pre-1896 period has received less attention by scholars. According to Warren, it is not evident that “black writing before the Civil War was understood by its practitioners and readers as something like a distinct literature.”1 While one could debate [End Page 993] this argument (Warren himself invites evidence that would challenge such a claim), the book’s separation of the early national and antebellum eras from later periods might instead be taken as an opportunity to both elaborate on the relative autonomy of early African American literature and reflect on the status of early black texts in African American literary studies today. Indeed, black literature of the pre–New Negro Renaissance period is, in many regards, strikingly different from the tradition that follows it. For example, antebellum black literature was deeply connected to the origins and growth of black periodicals: serialized novels, short stories, and poetry published in periodicals were much more common than stand-alone novels or other book-length publications. Early African American literature was often mediated by the propaganda machine of abolitionism, privileged anonymous, pseudonymous, and collective authorship as much as the single author, and routinely culled from and incorporated text drawn from already published works. Across the nineteenth century, African American literature became increasingly embedded in an industrial print sphere that helped disseminate but also circumscribed black writing in historically contingent ways. While the archival turn, or more properly, return, has significantly shaped the study of African American literature in recent years, as it has shaped conversations and methodologies across American studies, that return is arguably producing a certain fissure between approaches to “earlier” and “later” periods of black literary and cultural production. While in twentieth- and twenty-first-century contexts “the archive” has become a key term for studies of US and diasporic literatures as well as black music, performance, and visual culture, “the archive” in pre-1900 contexts has increasingly come to signify book history and print culture studies, approaches that consider books and other printed texts as material artifacts embedded in particular economic relations and circuits. In his 2010 essay, “The Talking Book and the Talking Book Historian,” a state-of-the-field essay that appeared in the journal Book History, Leon Jackson observes that scholars of African American literature and book historians have rarely “shared interests” or concerns.2 His essay elaborates some of the historical and methodological reasons for that fact while calling for more dialogue between these fields. Given the number of recent conferences, special issues, monographs, and edited collections devoted to situating black literature within the material conditions of its production, distribution, circulation, and readership, one might say that at least one-half of Jackson’s call has been fulfilled. It is less...
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https://openalex.org/W2750065104
|
Emancipation of All the Minorities in the United States of America: Address to be Delivered to the Polish-American League of Houston, Texas
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Barbara Jordan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5016723969"
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[
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{
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[
"Jordan"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2750065104
|
Text for a speech given by Barbara C. Jordan before the Polish-American League of Houston, Texas, about the issues of minorities and immigration in America.
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[] |
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https://openalex.org/W2489933794
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A Falcon Trapped in a Canary’s Cage
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[
"Jordan"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2489933794
|
This chapter provides background information on the education and early political career of King Abdullah of Jordan. Abdullah was educated and received his military training in Constantinople and the Hijaz. He was appointed deputy for Mecca in the Ottoman Parliament between 1912 and 1914. He later became his father's foreign minister, political adviser, and one of the commanders of the Arab Revolt. During this period Abdullah developed his interest in Arab nationalism and linked his father's desire for autonomy in the Hijaz to the broader and more radical ideas for Arab emancipation from Ottoman rule.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4388312136
|
Crossing Jordan
|
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"display_name": "Quantum mechanics",
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[
"Jordan",
"Egypt"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4388312136
|
Abstract Emancipation provided new opportunities and new challenges for all black southerners, but those who were Christians drew special meaning from the event. They had prayed for deliverance, and God had heard their plea. By 1865 they were free to shape their religious lives—or, in the terms of their favorite biblical metaphor, they had been delivered from their Egyptian bondage and the exodus had begun. However, much remained to be done to reach their spiritual promised land. The wilderness and the River Jordan remained to be crossed. Over the next decade, the freed people made that voyage with help from a variety of sources. During this period their vision of religious reconstruction, formulated during the war and in the immediate aftermath, took concrete form.
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[] |
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https://openalex.org/W4210591576
|
Political Change and Human Emancipation in the Works of Heinrich von Kleist by Elystan Griffiths
|
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"Jordan"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4210591576
|
266 Reviews to solve a philosophical problem inpassing beyond theKantian border; Bassermann Jordan argues also thatHyperion's projection of ideas onto Diotima, combined with the suggestion thatDiotima herself isbeing exploited for thehero's subjective needs, is a suitable subject for a feminist critique, and here she draws on an important article byMarlies Janz, 'Holderlins Flamme: Zur Bildwerdung der Frau imHype rion',Hdlderlin-Jahrbuch, 22 (i98o-81),Iz2-42. One wonders here whether amore determined approach might have gone a littlefurther in relativizing theheavily philo sophical character of the interpretation,which isof course thenorm in the scholarship on this author. In choosing to express his ideas in narrative form,one might argue, Holderlin was invitinghis readers to refrain from treating thephilosophical meaning as absolute, but rather todraw inferences about the relation ofphilosophical discourse to the interactions of human beings inday-to-day life. The finalchapter of thebook iswhere the author hopes tobreak new ground, and here she seeks evidence in a group of selected poems as towhether they succeed in going beyond the subjective Einheit toachieve the lastingEinigkeit. In a poem such as 'Der Abschied' or 'Menons Klagen um Diotima', Holderlin suggests that the lovers can overcome theirduality and can themselves constitute a 'Konkretion des einigen Seyns in der Endlichkeit'. The antithesis offers an interesting perspective on the poems, which are undoubtedly interpretedwith much sensitivity and insight.Again, however, one wonders whether the antithesis of Einheit and Einigkeit can itself be more than subjective. It is surely in thenature ofpoetry itselfthat such an appearance of achieved 'Konkretion', nomatter how skilfullyevoked, can have only amomentary duration and must hence fall short of the desired goal. As the titlesof the two cited poems indicate, the experience that iscelebrated in a poem is always going tobe tran sient and threatened. Despite thedaunting philosophical complexities ofH6lderlin's work, towhich Bassermann-Jordan proves herself an excellent guide, one feels that H6lderlin's essential theme is a simple one, namely, the conflict between a timeless ideal and what Stephen Dedalus might have called the 'ineluctable modality of the temporal'. However, as here, this material continues toprovide talented studentswith admirable material on which tohone their analytical skills. QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY, CANADA DAVID PUGH Political Change and Human Emancipation in theWorks ofHeinrich von Kleist. By ELYSTAN GRIFFITHS. (Studies inGerman Literature, Linguistics, and Culture) Rochester, NY: Camden House. 2005. Xii+ I90 PP. $70; ?50. ISBN 978-I 57II3-292-5. Elystan Griffiths aims to show thatKleist's writings engage with topics of political importance in theGermany and Prussia of his time.Kleist scholars, he declares, often wrongly suggest thathis literarycreations were an escape fromhistorical reality. With impressive brevity and lucidity he describes the political background, demonstrates how the author's lifewas decisively affected by politics, and summarizes the debates on issues of nationality, social change, and military, educational, and legal reform, which became particularly urgent after the dissolution of theGerman Empire and thehumiliation ofPrussia. Most ofKleist's works, he argues, even iftheircentral con cernwas not political, contain responses (usually indirect) to thesematters. Surveying attempts to classify the author as a reactionary or a progressive, he reasonably judges themmisguided. He acknowledges that expediency could underlie some ofKleist's utterances and that his dramas and stories allow very few certainties. Indeed, he maintains thatambiguity as an aesthetic principle, rather than personal indifference or indecisiveness, underlies Kleist's treatment of political questions. Yet he finds in MLR, I02.I, 2007 267 Kleist's ceuvre an 'anti-political politics' moulded by a sceptical view of programmes foraction which underestimate thecontingency and complexity ofhuman affairs,and by a powerful commitment to individual autonomy which nevertheless recognizes the claims of community or state. Plentiful footnotes indicate Griffiths's familiaritywith the literature on Kleist. That some seem randomly placed isperhaps one sign thathis study has been short ened forpublication. It iswell written and well organized, reveals an eye for textual nuance, but isnot without mistakes. Griffiths thinks the village of Thuiskon inDie Hermannsschlacht is a forest and misses the echo of theApocalypse in 'Was gilt es in diesem Kriege?' when he takes the sun darkened by blood there to represent the Enlightenment. His interpretation ofDie Familie Schroffensteindepends on a shaky equation of a feudal vassal with a...
|
[
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|
https://openalex.org/W1979142966
|
<i>On Jordan's Banks: Emancipation and Its Aftermath in the Ohio River Valley</i> (review)
|
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C52119013"
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[
"Jordan"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1979142966
|
Reviewed by: On Jordan's Banks: Emancipation and Its Aftermath in the Ohio River Valley Christopher Phillips On Jordan's Banks: Emancipation and Its Aftermath in the Ohio River Valley. By Darrel E. Bigham. (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2005x, 428 pp. Cloth $45.0,ISBN 0 8131-2366-6.) Darrell's Bigham's fine study of African American life on the nineteenth century's great "Borderland" (as the notable Underground Railroad conductor John P. Parker referred to it) takes its place alongside the surprisingly large number of histories of African Americans in Ohio River states and cities that have been published in the past half-century. Emma Lou Thornbrough's The Negro in Indiana Before 1900: A Study of a Minority (1957), David A. Gerber's Black Ohio and the Color Line, 1860–1915 (1976), and Marion B. Lucas's A History of Blacks in Kentucky, Volume I: From Slavery to Segregation, 1760–1890 (1992) argue generally for the multifaceted nature of the African American experience in these border states. Of course, these being studies of states that border the river but [End Page 155] whose culture, politics, and history are hardly monolithic, the experiences of African Americans in those states was equally diverse. More recently, several studies of Ohio River Valley cities have appeared, including George C. Wright's Life behind a Veil: Blacks in Louisville, Kentucky, 1865–1930 (1985); Bigham's previous book, We Ask Only a Fair Trial: A History of the Black Community of Evansville, Indiana (1987); Henry Louis Taylor Jr.'s edited collection on Cincinnati's black community, Race and the City: Work, Community, and Protest in Cincinnati, 1820–1970 (1993); and, most recently, Nikki Taylor's Frontiers of Freedom: Cincinnati's Black Community, 1802–1868 (2005). Unlike any of these works, Bigham's book is a regional study, placing it most closely with Joe William Trotter Jr.'s River Jordan: African American Urban Life in the Ohio Valley (1998), which compares Cincinnati, Evansville, Louisville, and Pittsburgh. Where Jordan's book relies primarily on secondary works, Bigham's balances exhaustive primary research with a full canvass of secondary literature, both published and unpublished. Moreover, Bigham expands his study, using the ribbon of fifty counties of Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio, urban and rural, that lie immediately north and south of the lower Ohio River to compare and contrast patterns of settlement, community development, and race relations from 1861 to 1890. As such, this is regionalism of the most valuable kind, def ning a region that since the Civil War has been largely subsumed by the Midwest north of the river and the South below it. Bigham's study challenges those regional distinctions, at least in the matters of race and culture. Of course, where Bigham's book focuses largely on the years during and after the war, it fully explains the region's earlier history, nicely confronting the periods during and after slavery, which, ironically, existed in some form in all of them during the early nineteenth century, despite the Northwest Ordinance's famous prohibition in the territories and states north of the Ohio River. The point is critical; as Bigham notes, the famous boundary between freedom and slavery was far more porous than history has offered. The Underground Railroad, after all, existed as the nation's first civil rights movement, especially after 1850, because the "free states" were anything but free. For every white resident of the western free states who opposed slavery, there were many more who supported its existence below the Ohio and opposed black freedom above it. Bigham describes in detail how these communities were shaped by the presence or absence of slavery, how the abolition of slavery and the rise of free labor became the rule of law on both banks and yet racial exclusion prevailed on both sides of the river. Proscriptive "Black Laws" before and during the war were replaced with de facto segregation above the river and de jure segregation in Kentucky afterward, both which resembled or replicated the exclusionary Jim Crow laws associated so commonly with the South. Yet Bigham demonstrates that African Americans on both sides of the river made remarkable advances in spite...
|
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|
https://openalex.org/W2083614136
|
<i>Confederate Foreign Agent: The European Diary of Major Edward C. Anderson</i> (review)
|
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{
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{
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{
"display_name": "Astronomy",
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{
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{
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[
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2083614136
|
172CIVIL WAR history In discussing the Emancipation Proclamation, Oates attempts once again to synthesize extant accounts and to bring the story up to date. Unlike John Hope Franklin, he emphasizes the importance of diplomatic considerations and seeks to harmonize the differing views of Harold M. Hyman and Glyndon Van Deusen on the respective roles of Seward and Chase in delaying the publication of the preliminary document. The chapter on the assassination is poignantly written, although a bit short. There is no conclusion—Oates lets the facts speak for themselves, and the book ends abruptly with the funeral train's trip to the West. But in view of the author's attention to Reconstruction problems in previous chapters, Lincoln's view of the difficult issues facing the nation after the Civil War emerges very clearly. He was a pragmatist, and whatever might have aided his aims of restoring the Union and finding a secure niche in society for the freedmen would have met with his approval. It would be difficult to find a greater difference between this attitude and that of Andrew Johnson, although the author does not attempt explicitly to outline the distinction. The shortcomings in this biography are relatively minor. Unfortunately , Professor Oates refers to the radicals as "liberal Republicans ," a term which is an anachronism and misleading. The Liberal Republicans of 1872, when the expression became common, were not really radical at all, especially in respect to Reconstruction . It is also unfair to say that McClellan did not win one victory on the Peninsula, as Malvern at least must be considered a military success. Nathaniel Lyon's operations in Missouri are somewhat oversimplified, and Chase's contributions to the Emancipation Proclamation should have been mentioned. Finally, the style is marred by colloquialisms and ungrammatical terms—military units become "outfits," "whom" is sometimes rendered as "who," and the expression, "what the hell," may not suit every reader. Professor Oates tried to add some folksy language, but he may have carried the point too far. All in all, With Malice Toward None is an excellent one-volume biography which deserves to stand beside Benjamin Thomas' as a standard and modern treatment of the Great Emancipator. Hans L. Trefousse Brooklyn College Confederate Foreign Agent: The European Diary of Major Edward C. Anderson. Edited by W. Stanley Hoole. (University, Alabama: Confederate Publishing Company, 1976. Pp. 161. $12.50.) This slim volume contributes significantly to the still incomplete and fragmentary story of Southern purchasing operations in Europe. BOOK REVIEWS173 Anderson's diary, which provides a detailed day by day account of his activities in England and France from May to November 1861, must take its rightful place alongside James D. Bullock's two volume work, The Secret Service of the Confederate States in Europe. Bullock's study, based on his diary, now long lost, puts Anderson's account in the unique position of being the only known extant eye witness description of Confederate purchasing efforts. Curiously, well known books by E. D. Adams, Frank Owsley, and Donaldson Jordan and Edwin J. Pratt do not mention Anderson. Richard I. Lester's recent account of purchasing activities in Great Britain makes only a passing reference to him. Skillfully edited, the Anderson diary is entertaining, informative, and at times exciting reading. Within its pages one finds intrigue, detective surveillance, personal confrontations, extensive bribery, skillful maneuvers, and, of course, outright daring and bravery. And there is humor too. How could one forget, for example, the cocks crowing aboard the Fingal as she otherwise moved in enforced silence through a dense fog and Federal vessels before Savannah . Today's reader is singularly fortunate because Major Anderson was articulate, well educated and above all inclined to record faithfully and fully his daily experiences. W. Stanley Hoole, who is well known as a contributor to and as editor of the Confederate Centennial Studies, comprising twentyseven volumes, has provided a Prologue which reviews Major Anderson's wartime career to the end of the conflict and an Epilogue which describes his post war years until his death in 1883. Extensive and often detailed notes are inconveniently placed after the Epilogue and are followed by a brief bibliography and serviceable index. Charles Cullop...
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https://openalex.org/W2475441937
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Lincoln and Emancipation: The Lessons of the Letter to Horace Greeley
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"Persia"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2475441937
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On New Year’s Day in 1863, a hundred days after giving notice of his intentions, Abraham Lincoln steadied his weary hand to sign the Proclamation of Emancipation. In the main, the edict declared free those slaves still in Confederate hands but for whom the advancing Union forces promised to be an army of liberation. 1 Lincoln’s action won him the instant salute of abolitionists, black and white: “God bless you for the word you have spoken! All good men upon the earth will glorify you, and all the angels in Heaven will hold jubilee… The civilized world congratulates you, and every loyal American responds Amen . We now have ‘Liberty and Union, one and inseperable [sic], now and forever.’ Forward to Victory!” 2 African American communities within the Union hailed the president for inaugurating the Day of Jubilee. Foreign admirers added their voices to the chorus of praise. European liberals and nationalists led the way. “Heir of the thought of Christ and of [John] Brown,” wrote Italian nationalist Giuseppe Garibaldi, “you will pass down to posterity under the name of the Emancipator ! more enviable than any crown and any human treasure!” 3 From Constantinople, the American consul exulted, “The proclamation of freedom & the declaration to the world of its immutability are destined to an immortality as luminous as the Declaration of Independence & the Farewell Address of Washington.” 4 Further east—Lincoln learnt—“among the oppressed Nestorians of Persia and of Koordistan,” the edict of emancipation, now translated into Syriac, was prompting “hundreds and perhaps thousands to reverence your name.” 5
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https://openalex.org/W2332870301
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The American Civil War, Emancipation, and Reconstruction on the World Stage
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[
{
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"display_name": "Edward L. Ayers",
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[
"Egypt"
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[
"https://openalex.org/W1967080116",
"https://openalex.org/W1976786987"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2332870301
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presents to the whole family of man, the question, whether constitutional republic, or democracy... can, or cannot, maintain its territorial integ rity. The struggle, Lincoln said, was for a vast future, struggle to give all men a fair chance in the race of (2). Confederates claimed that they were also fighting for cause of world-wide sig nificance: self-determination. Playing down the centrality of slavery to their new nation, white Southerners built their case for independence on the right of free citizens to deter mine their political future (3). People in other nations could see that the massive struggle in the United States embodied conflicts that had been appearing in different forms throughout the world. Defining nationhood, deciding the future of slavery, reinventing warfare for an industrial age, reconstructing former slave society?all these played out in the American Civil War. By no means major power, the United States was nevertheless woven into the life of the world. The young nation touched, directly and indirectly, India and Egypt, Hawaii and Japan, Russia and Canada, Mexico and Cuba, the Ca ribbean and Brazil, Brit ain and France. The coun try was still very much an experiment in i860, representative govern ment stretched over an enormous space, held to gether by law rather than by memory, religion, or monarch. The American
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[
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https://openalex.org/W2484936295
|
3 The Origins of the Western Office
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[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C19720800"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778337684"
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[
"Egypt"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2484936295
|
Abstract This chapter traces the change from private to public prayer hours from the emancipation of the Church under Constantine in 312; the Eastern monastic and cathedral Offices are surveyed and contrasted with the Western Office. Fundamental to the early monastic Office was the primary device adopted by the Egyptian monks of chanting the psalms continuously, in numerical order for extended periods of time. The psalmody of urban monasticism had a profound, indeed overwhelming, influence on the cathedral Office — it transformed the morning and evening Offices, and it filled the intervening hours of the day with additional Offices. The monastic concern with the precise apportionment of the Psalter is a peculiar phase of the broad liturgical movement towards fixity.
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https://openalex.org/W4230466667
|
The Ethiopian Prophecy in Black American Letters
|
[
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{
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[
"Egypt"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4230466667
|
From Phillis Wheatley to Alice Walker, the figural readings of Psalm 68:31—”Princes shall come out of Egypt; Ethiopia shall soon stretch out her hands unto God”—have been instrumental in the articulation of black American historical subjectivity, imagination, knowledge, agency, and figurations of Ethiopia. This book maps the various allusions to and interpretations and citations of Psalm 68:31—a largely Protestant and Anglophone phenomenon—in black American letters, to show how it was read and to trace the readings it produced. Its method is twofold. First, the book demonstrates how black readers emerged as historical subjects through reading, arguing that reading is a material, eventful, performative, and transformative practice. Second, it shows how black readers read Psalm 68:31, also known as the Ethiopian Prophecy. For some readers, the psalm pointed to the Christianization and modernization of black peoples in both America and Africa, engendering, for instance, romantic ideas of race and the development of racial narratives such as the Afro-Asiatic myth. For other readers, Psalm 68:31 signified the emancipation of black slaves in America and their full inclusion as American citizens, or the end of colonialism and the rise of African independence. Another collection of black exegetes read the verse as one fragment in a vast textual storehouse that could be re-woven to create new poetic figures, narratives, and possibilities for black people and humanity. What the book demonstrates is the plasticity of Ethiopia as a figure of black imagination and thinking.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2493338221
|
Acting as “the right hand … of God”: Christianized Egyptian Women and Religious Devotion as Emancipation in Florence Nightingale’s Fictionalized Treatises
|
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"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Molly Youngkin",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037158763"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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{
"display_name": "Ancient Greece",
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{
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{
"display_name": "Geography",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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[
"Egypt"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2493338221
|
As described in the introduction to this book, Florence Nightingale’s letter to her family as she approached Alexandria, Egypt, by sea in November 1849 highlights the imperialist tendency to separate East from West but also recognizes the intermingling of cultures across the Mediterranean, especially when Victorian travelers looked at these cultures as ancient civilizations that provided the foundations for contemporary British society. Similar to the travelers to Greece and Italy described by Jenkyns and Vance, who could not help but feel as though they were “travel[ling] backwards in time” as they encountered Mediterranean cultures (Jenkyns 44), Nightingale saw in Egypt the opportunity to gain greater understanding of the foundations of her own culture, and just as she had compared and contrasted Greece and Egypt on her way to Egypt, she would compare and contrast these countries on her return home in April 1850, when she spent nearly two months in Athens before heading to Italy for a short stay and then going back to England. Setting forth a number of contrasts between the two cultures in letters written to her family, Nightingale characterizes the Peloponnesian women she meets in Greece as a stark contrast to the women she had seen in Egypt: “dwarfs” compared to “the gigantic Egyptian race,” but their “excessive cleanliness and attention to dress … is wonderful after Egypt” (McDonald, Florence Nightingale’s European Travels 368).
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https://openalex.org/W3169317864
|
Dé/Reconstruction de figures historiques dans un contexte d’émergence : nationalisme égyptien
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[
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"display_name": "Laurence Denooz",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5009117504"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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[
"Egypt"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3169317864
|
In ‘Aṣā l-Ḥakīm, Tawfīq al-Ḥakim (1898–1983) rewrote the myths as well as the personal and public stories of famous male and female politicians from ancient times to the twentieth century. They all have in common the major role they played in the history of the nationalist struggle for political emancipation from Egypt and for the construction of a national identity. While some embody Egyptian nationalism (Cleopatra, Isis, Hatchepsout, and Nefertiti, for example), others symbolize the hold of the West (Mark Anthony and Julius Caesar) and more specifically British domination (King Edward VIII), and others still represent nations allied to Egypt by their political or economic interests, like Hitler and Mussolini or even Napoleon Bonaparte, who, as the 'discoverer' of Egypt, is considered, due to his expedition, to have awakened consciences and allowed the cultural Nahḍa. Tawfīq al-Ḥakim reinterprets their actions according to Egypt's international position and more specifically to its attitude during the Second World War and the crises of the 1950s in the Near East.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Intercâmbio: Revue d’Études Françaises=French Studies Journal",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306513599",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2495922732
|
The “sweetness of the serpent of old Nile”: Revisionist Cleopatra and Spiritual Union as Emancipation in Elinor Glyn’s Cross-Cultural Romances
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Molly Youngkin",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037158763"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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[
"Egypt"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2495922732
|
Just a year before Bradley and Cooper published Queen Mariamne, Elinor Glyn faced serious controversy when she published Three Weeks (1907)—a romance between the Englishman Paul Verdayne and an unnamed Eastern European “Lady,” whose trademark is lounging on tiger-skin rugs as she seduces Paul in multiple countries, including Italy, Greece, and Egypt. In 1907, the British Empire was at its height and about to begin its descent, as its colonial subjects began to assert independence and claim the right to govern themselves. Although Egypt would remain under the British Protectorate until 1922, the tensions that led other colonies to assert independence in the twentieth century were already present in Egypt at this time. Glyn herself had traveled to Egypt in 1901 and 1902 (Glyn, Romantic Adventure 102), participating in the imperialist culture I have already characterized as separating British administrators from the Egyptian people, a culture that fueled the first serious nationalist demonstrations in 1919 (Thompson 274). Yet, despite this context for Glyn’s novel, little of the criticism about Three Weeks focuses on the imperialist context for Glyn’s use of the romance or the role of the romance in early twentieth-century representations of women’s emancipation. Instead, critics have focused primarily on the attempts to censor Glyn’s novel because of its attention to sexual relations outside of marriage: while Paul is not married, the “Lady” is.
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https://openalex.org/W2154554009
|
Idios Logos, Gnomon of the – Greco‐Roman Egypt
|
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{
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{
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{
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[
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2154554009
|
Abstract The Gnomon of Idios Logos is a collection of legal rules preserved on two papyri ( BGU V 1210: second century ce , P.Oxy . XLII 3014: first century ce ). It was written for a procurator of the idios logos . The text contains 115 legible paragraphs concerning different legal matters, such as the status of persons, emancipation, mixed unions, succession, burial, Egyptian priests, and temples.
|
[
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https://openalex.org/W4376870168
|
Israel and the Amorites
|
[] |
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Aesthetics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107038049"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636"
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] |
[
"Egypt",
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4376870168
|
The affinities of the biblical with the historical Amorites lead to interpreting the biblical narrative of the emergence of Israel as a movement of emancipation from the authority of the Egyptian empire and its local Amorite vassals. A contrasting message is promoted in Genesis, which approaches Abraham, the father of both Israel and the concomitant newly emerging nations in the Southern Levant, as an Amorite leader installed in Canaan. The same contrast affects the status of the serpent in the Bible. This creature is identified as the archenemy of YHWH in some sources, thus promoting a Baal-like identity for the god of Israel. Others, however, approach the serpent as the holy emissary of YHWH and refer to the local pre-Amorite background. Pro- and anti-Amorite positions coexist in the Bible regarding the birth of Israel and the former identity of YHWH.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4232163227
|
The Labor of Capitalism
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[
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{
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] |
[
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4232163227
|
This chapter begins by discussing the concept transnational labor history and the challenge it poses to labor historians. It then examines the worldwide crisis of cotton production touched off by the American Civil War, emancipation, and the subsequent frantic search for alternatives, including coolie and sharecropping labor systems. It shows that despite the variety of labor regimes, cotton cultivators everywhere faced essentially similar challenges of labor in the global age: market fluctuations, state coercion, inescapable debt and contract regimes, and political marginalization. These were the people who would grow ever-larger amounts of cotton, from India to Central Asia, from Egypt to the United States, and the new labor regimes in which they found themselves symbolized one of the most significant changes of the nineteenth century.
|
[
{
"display_name": "University of Illinois Press eBooks",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306464169",
"type": "ebook platform"
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|
https://openalex.org/W4229033078
|
The Cambridge Companion to Antisemitism
|
[] |
[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C78359825"
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{
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{
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{
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[
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4229033078
|
A History of Anti-Semitism examines the history, culture and literature of antisemitism from antiquity to the present. With contributions from an international team of scholars, whose essays were specially commissioned for this volume, it covers the long history of antisemitism starting with ancient Greece and Egypt, through the anti-Judaism of early Christianity, and the medieval era in both the Christian and Muslim worlds when Jews were defined as 'outsiders,' especially in Christian Europe. This portrayal often led to violence, notably pogroms that often accompanied Crusades, as well as to libels against Jews. The volume also explores the roles of Luther and the Reformation, the Enlightenment, the debate over Jewish emancipation, Marxism, and the social disruptions after World War 1 that led to the rise of Nazism and genocide. Finally, it considers current issues, including the dissemination of hate on social media and the internet and questions of definition and method.
|
[
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https://openalex.org/W4234386303
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Ziadeh, May (1886–1941)
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[
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4234386303
|
May Ziadeh was a prominent literary figure and salonnière in the Arab world in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. A journalist, essayist, author and literary critic, she was also known for being a spellbinding orator and an unusually gifted stylist and translator. Ziadeh was best known for instituting a long running weekly salon (1911–1931) in her home that brought together leading men and women in the period when Egyptian anti-colonial nationalism was at its height. Ziadeh was also a strong advocate of the emancipation of women in the Arab society. Famous for being moderate, Ziadeh did not equate modernity with the denial of Arabic cultural heritage in blind imitation of the West. Many critics believe that modern Arabic literature has not produced a female writer of Ziadeh’s calibre and that her contribution to the feminist cause cannot be overlooked.
|
[
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https://openalex.org/W4376867039
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Yahweh and the Origins of Ancient Israel
|
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[
"Egypt",
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4376867039
|
In this book, Nissim Amzallag offers new perspectives on the birth of ancient Israel by combining recent archaeological discoveries with a new approach to ancient Yahwism. He investigates the renewal of the copper industry in the Early Iron Age Levant and its influence on the rise of new nations, and also explores the recently identified metallurgical context of ancient Yahwism in the Bible. By merging these two branches of evidence, Amzallag proposes that the roots of YHWH are found in a powerful deity who sponsored the emancipation movement that freed Israel from the Amorite/Egyptian hegemony. Amzallag identifies the early Israelite religion as an attempt to transform the esoteric traditions of Levantine metalworkers into the public worship of YHWH. These unusual origins provide insight into many of the unique aspects of Israelite theology that ultimately spurred the evolution towards monotheism. His volume also casts new light on the mysterious smelting-god, the figure around which many Bronze Age religions revolved.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3163275625
|
1917: Antisemitism in the Moment of Revolution
|
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3163275625
|
The year 1917 transformed Jewish life, setting in motion a sudden and intense period of emancipation. Just days after the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II and the formation of the Provisional Government, all legal restrictions on Russian Jewry were lifted. More than 140 anti-Jewish statutes, totalling some 1,000 pages, were removed overnight. To mark this historic moment of abolition, a special meeting was convened by the Petrograd Soviet. Symbolically, the meeting happened to fall on 24 March 1917 – the eve of Passover. The Jewish delegate addressing those in attendance immediately made the connection: the February Revolution, he said, was comparable with the liberation of Jews from slavery in Egypt.1 Formal emancipation, however, was not accompanied by the disappearance of antisemitism. In 1917, the spectre of pogroms once again returned to Russia, prefiguring the dramatic escalation of antisemitic violence that would erupt during the Civil War in 1918 and 1919.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4237941028
|
Abolition
|
[
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[
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{
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{
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] |
[
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4237941028
|
This chapter discusses the abolition of slavery in Illinois after the firing on Fort Sumter in April 1861 marked the beginning of the end of the struggle for emancipation. Many of the settlers of southern Illinois had come from the slave belt. These men brought with them their outlooks and habits of life, and southern Illinois, later known as “Egypt,” became a stronghold of pro-slavery sentiment. With the opening of the Erie Canal, New Englanders, New Yorkers, and immigrants direct from Europe settled in Ohio, Michigan, Illinois, and Wisconsin. These pioneers, too, “packed their beliefs in their traveling bags.” It has been contended by some that the construction of the Erie Canal was more influential in freeing the Southern slaves than were such abolitionists as William Lloyd Garrison. This chapter looks at some of the leading Illinois abolitionists, including Owen Lovejoy, Ichabod Codding, Edward Beecher, Zebina Eastman, Hooper Warren, Benjamin Lundy, and Lyman Trumbull. It also considers the Fugitive Slave Law and the reaction of Chicagoans to it.
|
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https://openalex.org/W1671780399
|
Église et État en Éthiopie pendant le règne du dernier <i>Négus</i> Haïlé Sélassié (1916-1974)
|
[
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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] |
[
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1671780399
|
Ethiopia is characterized not only by a long defended independence, but also by being the only country of sub-Saharan Africa having ancient Christian roots that were not imported from Europe. In this essay, based on study of unedited material contained in Italian, British and Ethiopian diplomatic and religious archives, we analyse the parabola of the Ethiopian Church and its relationship with the imperial power during the last, lengthy reign of Hailé Sélassié, in highlighting the contradictions of a denominational conception in collision with the social and political transformations of the 20th c. Attempts at reforming the Ethiopian Church set in motion in the 20s by the Negus suffered a violent interruption with the fascist occupation of 1935-41 and the dramatic elimination of religious authorities, resuming after World War Two with a process of emancipation from the Egyptian Coptic Church, formally achieved in 1948, and the Ethiopian Church’s overture to extra-national horizons and the establishment of relations with other Churches (Catholic, orthodox). The end of the last “Christian empire” with the 1974 revolution, opened a tragic new season for the Ethiopian Church, characterized by oppression, fragility and closure.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Revue d'Histoire Ecclésiastique",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S51551445",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W186046364
|
[The history of breast feeding].
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "R Hartge",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5058233724"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Breastfeeding",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776283161"
},
{
"display_name": "Breast feeding",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3020294031"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Position (finance)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198082294"
},
{
"display_name": "Relation (database)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C25343380"
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Pediatrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187212893"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Database",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77088390"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
}
] |
[
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W186046364
|
The significance of breastfeeding, as considered millenniums ago, has been handed down by numerous contemporary reports and illustrations. The woman who suckles her baby has even since held an exceptional position in social life. In this essay the author describes the breastfeeding customs of far ancient people such as Egyptians, Greek, Romans and Indians. As a conclusion one might say that even today breastfeeding did not lose its importance for the relation between mother and child. It is an encouraging matter of fact that--unmindful of their emancipation--many "modern" mothers retain the breastfeeding habit. What would happen if breastfeeding was generally discredited, if mothers from all different countries would abandom breastfeeding in order to adopt bottle-feeding their children? Undoubtedly, that would not only cause a notable increase of the risks for the children's survival--which are due to many secondary factors--but, furthermore, it would mean an important expenditure for the budget for national economy which cannot be justified.
|
[
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4388383686
|
Exodus
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Tyler Jo Smith",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5084551362"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Narrative",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199033989"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "Proclamation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781299270"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Literature",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C124952713"
},
{
"display_name": "Meaning (existential)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780876879"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Religious studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C24667770"
},
{
"display_name": "Epistemology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728"
},
{
"display_name": "Art",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
}
] |
[
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4388383686
|
Abstract In their reflections upon the meaning of the Emancipation Proclamation, Afro-American freed men and freed women and their folk theologians realized that a decisive event of biblical narrative had become an occurrence in their own historical experience. Lincoln’s presidential order, following upon the cataclysm of civil war, demonstrated that the miraculous exodus of Hebrew slaves out of Egyptian bondage could become a mundane reality in contemporary terms. The implications of that lesson, reinforcing earlier apprehensions of divine providence and prophetic fulfillment, also promised future repetitions. The likelihood of ongoing recapitulations of biblical narrative became immediately accessible, even compelling, to the religious apprehension of thousands. Henceforth more than a minority of believers and converts would be convinced of the possibility that through prayer and expectation, through acts of obedience and righteousness, black folk could inherit divine promises of prosperity and freedom. Furthermore, an apparent precondition for such bestowals would appear to be their linkage to biblical models. That singular instance, the link between Lincoln’s role in the emancipation and Moses’ role in the Exodus, would distinguish itself as a kind of paradigm. In this manner a new development in the ancient tradition of biblical typology emerged in the collective psyche of a displaced people.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4295776858
|
Slavery in Europe during the Atlantic Slave Trade
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Giulia Bonazza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5056577017"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Atlantic slave trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780592174"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "Empire",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778495208"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Ransom",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781426709"
},
{
"display_name": "Ethnology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2549261"
},
{
"display_name": "Identity (music)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778355321"
},
{
"display_name": "Genealogy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C53553401"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Art",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
},
{
"display_name": "Aesthetics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107038049"
}
] |
[
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4295776858
|
Slavery was a widespread phenomenon in Europe during the Atlantic slave trade of the 1500s to the 1800s, particularly around port cities and in their hinterlands. The slaves held around the Mediterranean and more widely around Europe included both “Atlantic” slaves and slaves of other geographical origins, primarily the Ottoman Empire, Indian Ocean colonies, and sub-Saharan Africa. Others came from the Black Sea and Eastern Europe. Sub-Saharan Africans arrived in Europe via the Barbary Regency ports and Egypt. Slaves’ personal histories were often complex and surprising because of the intricacies of global slave mobility and continuous changes of ownership. There is a general theoretical distinction between captives from the Ottoman Empire and its satellite states, defined as temporary slaves, and slaves from the Atlantic or sub-Saharan Africa, even if they sometimes lived the same experience in Europe. Ransom demands and payments were a significant form of commerce in the Mediterranean basin until the middle of the 19th century and slavery persisted in Europe throughout the 1800s. The process of slaves’ assimilation into the European system ran parallel with learning a new language and becoming Christian. Starting work for a new owner, governmental or private, involved the imposition of a new social and cultural identity. Many enslaved often sought out pathways to emancipation. This article presents more detailed analyses on the Italian and German territories, Austria, France, Britain, and Portugal.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4363604760",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2917063353
|
Az emancipáció Mózese és Józsuája : Az uralkodóház emancipáló szerepének neológ izraelita percepciói = Moses and Joshua of the Hungarian Jewish Emancipation : The Hungarian Israelite perceptions of the Habsburg Dynasty's role in the Emancipation
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Norbert Glässer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5023003653"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "Judaism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C150152722"
},
{
"display_name": "Throne",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779387294"
},
{
"display_name": "Orthodoxy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778802261"
},
{
"display_name": "Religious studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C24667770"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Theology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212"
},
{
"display_name": "Art",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
}
] |
[
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2917063353
|
Glasser, Norbert
Moses and Joshua of the Hungarian Jewish Emancipation
The Hungarian Israelite perceptions of the Habsburg Dynasty’s role in the Emancipation
The Jewish community perception of Francis Joseph was determined by the duality of Jewish attitudes towards the religious traditions of Judaism and the modern ideals of nation. Neology and Orthodoxy attributed to the ruler’s merit besides their own institutionalisation, also the social integration of the Jews, the granting of equal civil rights and their acceptance as an established denomination. Because of the social changes that had occurred in the lives of Jews, Francis Joseph was compared even in his lifetime to Moses, and this became a recurrent topos in the speeches of rabbis in connection with the death and succession, showing parallels to the liberation from Egyptian bonds. The editor-in-chief of Egyenlőseg, Lajos Szabolcsi, who followed his father in that post, used comparisons to Moses and Joshua in writing on the connection between Francis Joseph and the heir to the throne Karl Franz Joseph. Just as Moses could not enter Canaan after the years of wandering in the wilderness, so Francis Joseph could not see the new world. After their long journey full of trials but with the promise of victory, his people(s) were being led on the road to peace by Charles, the heir to the throne who had grown up beside him and represented the new generation, like Joshua. Mourning for the great ruler who “liberated” the Jewish denomination and attention paid to the symbolic gestures of the new ruler were present in parallel in the press.
The articles attempted to trace the attitude of the new ruler towards the Jews, from the process of preparation for the coronation right up to his first constitutional actions affecting the Jews. The prototype was the wartime perception of Francis Joseph, and his memory. He became the model and expectation regarding the new ruler. Charles IV was compared to him in emphasising continuity.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4230671636
|
Book reviews
|
[
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"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Roger G. Owen",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5063301766"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "University of Oxford",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I40120149",
"lat": 51.75222,
"long": -1.25596,
"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Colin Newbury",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5000746972"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "University of Liverpool",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I146655781",
"lat": 53.41058,
"long": -2.97794,
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],
"display_name": "P. E. H. Hair",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5005969980"
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{
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{
"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "University of Kent",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I20581793",
"lat": 51.27904,
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"display_name": "G. M. Ditchfield",
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{
"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "Queen Mary University of London",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I166337079",
"lat": 51.50853,
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"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Freda Harcourt",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5042783505"
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{
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{
"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "University of Kent",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I20581793",
"lat": 51.27904,
"long": 1.07992,
"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Antony Copley",
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Australia",
"display_name": "University of Sydney",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I129604602",
"lat": -33.86785,
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"display_name": "Neville Meaney",
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{
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{
"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "University of Buckingham",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I92864154",
"lat": 51.995834,
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"display_name": "Max Beloff",
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"display_name": "Queen's University Belfast",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I126231945",
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"display_name": "David Harkness",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5018133316"
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"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "George (robot)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C67101536"
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{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
"display_name": "Portrait",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162462552"
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{
"display_name": "Conscience",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10180917"
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{
"display_name": "Nationalism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C521449643"
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{
"display_name": "Classics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74916050"
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{
"display_name": "Art history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C52119013"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
}
] |
[
"Egypt"
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[
"https://openalex.org/W2004110262"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4230671636
|
Egypt: Imperialism and Revolution by Jacques Berque, trans. Janet Stuart. London: Faber and Faber, 1972. Pp. 736; £15. Sugar and Slavery. An Economic History of the British West Indies 1623–1775 by Richard B. Sheridan. Caribbean Universities Press, 1974. Pp. xiii + 529; £10. The African Slave Trade and its Suppression: a Classified and Annotated Bibliography by Peter C. Hogg. London: Frank Cass, 1973. Pp. xvii+409. £12.50. Politics and the Public Conscience. Slave Emancipation and the Abolitionist Movement in Britain, Historical Problems: Studies and Documents, no. 23, by Edith F. Hurwitz. London: Allen & Unwin. New York: Barnes and Noble Books, 1973. pp. 179; £3.65 cloth; £2.25 paper. West Africa Partitioned. Vol. I. The Loaded Pause, 1885–1889 by John D. Hargreaves. London: Macmillan, 1975. Pp. xiv+273. £7. The Growth of Education and Political Development in India 1898–1920 by Aparna Basu. London: Oxford University Press, 1974. £3.15. Gokhale, Gandhi and the Nehrus. Studies in Indian Nationalism by B. R. Nanda. London: George Allen and Unwin, 1974. Pp. 203; £4.85. Documents on Political Thought in Modern India by A. Appadorai. India: O.U.P, 1974. Pp. 547; £6.80. Portrait of a Decision by Howard Elcock. London: Eyre Methuen, 1972. Pp. xiii + 379; £6. The Abyssinian Crisis by Frank Hardie. London: Batsford, 1974. Pp. x + 294; £6. Ireland in the War Years, 1939–1945 by Joseph T. Carroll. Newton Abbott: David and Charles, 1975. Pp. 190; £4.50. (New York: Crane Russak, $10.75.)
|
[
{
"display_name": "The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S112911512",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2147330683
|
A Diasporic Reading of <i>Nathan the Wise</i>
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ned Curthoys",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5056908761"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "German",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154775046"
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{
"display_name": "The Holocaust",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C110361221"
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{
"display_name": "Nazism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C5616717"
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{
"display_name": "Criticism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C7991579"
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{
"display_name": "Literature",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C124952713"
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{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "Anachronism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C36597679"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Drama",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C523419034"
},
{
"display_name": "Nazi Germany",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121578661"
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{
"display_name": "Genocide",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204342414"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C150152722"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
}
] |
[
"Egypt"
] |
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2147330683
|
A Diasporic Reading of Nathan the Wise Ned Curthoys (bio) In this essay I analyze the continuing controversy surrounding Gotthold Ephraim Lessing's famous 1779 drama Nathan der Weise (Nathan the Wise), an emblematic Enlightenment-era play whose evaluation has been drastically affected by the appalling history of the twentieth century. I argue that the Nazizeit and the Holocaust have produced a caesura in Nathan criticism, a dramatic reversal of the play's critical fortunes. A play that was once celebrated as a harbinger of German-Jewish emancipation, promising the creative participation of Jews in German society, is now harshly criticized and repudiated for the failure of that promise. Recent interpreters of Nathan the Wise, both scholars and playwrights, have been lugubriously mindful of the Nazi assault on the German-Jewish community that was launched in the early 1930s and of the subsequent European Jewish genocide.1 They read the play through the prism of the anachronistic stigma that attaches to German intellectual history, a stigma that has long encouraged post-Holocaust criticism to discuss German literature and culture in teleological ways, mining eighteenth and nineteenth century texts and discourses for attitudes and mentalities that prefigure the disaster of Nazi Germany. As I argue, this reversal in the critical fortunes of Nathan the Wise is by no means a salutary development, inasmuch as it has diminished our ability to appreciate the play's aesthetic merits, the cross-cultural friendship and creative collaboration that helped to produce it, the fertile intellectual milieu that informed it, and the significance of its historical setting in late twelfth-century Jerusalem, a Jerusalem under the benign Muslim sovereignty of the famed Egyptian sultan Saladin. In order to interpret Nathan the Wise, I suggest, a cosmopolitan sensitivity to world-historical time is required, a genealogical sensibility that reads the play as an enthusiastic commentary on the pluralistic and polyglot societies of the Levant and [End Page 70] Moorish Spain, in which a convivencia, a sometimes fragile but productive coexistence of Muslim, Jew, and Christian, was capable of provoking and edifying Christian Europe. Nathan the Wise Lessing's Nathan the Wise is set in approximately the year 1192 CE in Jerusalem during an uneasy peace in the Third Crusade, a peace engineered by the wise sultan Saladin, a much-lauded historical figure who regained Jerusalem from Christian crusaders in 1187 CE. Saladin invited Jews to resettle in Jerusalem under his protection and guaranteed freedom of pilgrimage and worship to Christians. The play's chief protagonists are the wise, generous, and humane Jewish merchant Nathan; the initially anti-Jewish but brave and honorable Christian Knight Templar who, just before the play's action begins, has saved Nathan's adopted daughter Recha from an inferno; and Saladin, the noble-minded ruler of Jerusalem who fears crusading Christians and is tempted to financially exploit Nathan's wealth and credit. The play has an episodic narrative structure and is difficult to classify; it is a "problem play" that is neither comedy, drama, or tragedy. What the play does enact is a sometimes meandering journey toward the reconciliation of three characters, a Muslim, a Jew, and a Christian, whose real human virtues threaten to be overwhelmed by the historical and institutional realities of religious hatred. Nathan the Wise is most famous for the parable of the rings in act 3. The profligately generous Saladin, after successfully waging war to recapture Jerusalem, is heavily in debt and needs credit from the famously wise, humane, and financially astute Jewish merchant Nathan. The parable is Nathan's artful response to Saladin's attempt to put pressure on him by asking him the most fraught question of all, which is the one true religion, and why has a wise and independent man capable of choosing what is best chosen to remain a Jew? Nathan's initial panic articulates the profound dilemma of how to defend one's position in the world in an age that inhibits individual and secular conceptions of identity: I must be on my guard. But how?I can't insist that I'm a Jew; but to [End Page 71] Deny that I'm a Jew would be still worse.Then he...
|
[
{
"display_name": "Comparative Literature Studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S100243739",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4235291734
|
Book Reviews
|
[] |
[
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Nobility",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779105800"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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{
"display_name": "Aristocracy (class)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10314817"
},
{
"display_name": "German",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154775046"
},
{
"display_name": "Social order",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95389739"
},
{
"display_name": "Throne",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779387294"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
"display_name": "Absolute monarchy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C143081792"
},
{
"display_name": "Middle Ages",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C143128703"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
}
] |
[
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4235291734
|
Peasant‐Citizen and Slave: The Foundation of Athenian Democracy. By Ellen Meiksins WoodThe Rise of the Carolingians and the Liber Historiae Francorum. By Richard A. GerberdingA Society Organized for War: The Iberian Municipal Militias in the Central Middle Ages, 1000‐1284. By James F. PowersEdward I. By Michael Prestwich. (Berkeley and Los AngelesThe English Nobility in the Late Middle Ages: The Fourteenth‐Century Political Community. By Chris Given‐WilsonWar, Justice and Public Order: England and France in the Later Middle Ages. By Richard W. KaeuperHenry II: King of France, 1547‐1559. By Frederic J. BaumgartnerThe Maritime Trade of the East Anglian Ports, 1550‐1590. By N. J. WilliamsThe myth of Ritual Murder. Jews and Magic in Reformation Germany. By R. Po‐chia HsiaThe Age of Atonement: The Influence of Evangelicalism on Social and Economic Thought, 17851865. By Boyd HiltonThe Rise of Respectable Society: A Social History of Victorian Britain, 1830‐1900. By F. M. L. ThompsonDavid Lloyd George: A Political Life: The Architect of Change, 1863‐1912. By Bentley Brinkerhoff GilbertPlaying the Game: Sport and the Physical Emancipation of English Women, 1870‐1914. By Kathleen E. McCroneBritish Social Reform and German Precedents: The Case of Social Insurance, 1880‐1914. By E. P. HennockThe Secret Lives of Trebitsch Lincoln. By Bernard WassersteinFiscal Limits of Absolutism: Direct Taxation in Early Seventeenth‐Century France. By James B. CollinsSwords Around a Throne: Napoleon's Grande Armee. By John R. EltingBetween France and Germany: The Jews of Alsace‐Lorraine, 1871‐1918. By Vicki CaronThe Origins of Postwar German Politics. By Barbara MarshallFrom Ally to Enemy: The Enigma of Fascist Italy in French Diplomacy, 1920‐1940. By William I. ShorrockThe Other Italy: The Italian Resistance in World War II. By Maria de Blasio WilhelmThe Road to Soviet Power and Peace. [Vol. 2 of The End of the Russian Imperial Army.] By Allan K. WildmanThe Lands Below the Winds. [Vol. 1 of Southeast Asia in the Age of Commerce, 1450‐1680.] By Anthony ReidFamily, Field, and Ancestors: Constancy and Change in China's Social and Economic History, 1550‐1949. By Lloyd E. EastmanCulture, Power, and the State: Rural North China, 1900‐1942. By Prasenjit DuaraChinese‐Soviet Relations, 1937‐1945: The Diplomacy of Chinese Nationalism. By John W. GarverThe First World War and International Politics. By David StevensonThe Rise and Fall of the Great Powers: Economic Change and Military Conflict from 1500 to 2000. By Paul KennedyStranger in the Valley of the Kings: Solving the Mystery of an Ancient Egyptian Mummy. By Ahmed OsmanAfter Columbus: Essays in the Ethnohistory of Colonial North America. By James AxtellThe First Salute: A View of the American Revolution. By Barbara W. TuchmanMasters and Slaves in the House of the Lord: Race and Religion in the American South, 1740‐1870. Edited by John B. BolesMcintosh and Weatherford, Creek Indian Leaders. By Benjamin W. Griffith JrBeating Against the Barriers: Biographical Essays in Nineteenth‐Century Afro‐American History. By R. J. M. BlackettCowtown Lawyers: Dodge City and Its Attorneys, 1876‐1886. By C. Robert HaywoodThe Gibraltar: Socialism and Labor in Butte, Montana, 1875‐1920. By Jerry W. CalvertGrand Plans: Business Progressivism and Social Change in Ohio's Miami Valley, 1890‐1929. By Judith SealanderGerald L. K. Smith: Minister of Hate. By Glen JeansonneRexford G. Tugwell: A Biography. By Michael V. NamoratoA Passion For Justice: J. Waties Waring and Civil Rights. By Tinsley E. YarbroughAmerican Influence in Greece, 1917‐1929. By Louis P. CassimatisWe Shall Return! Mac Arthur's Commanders and the Defeat of Japan, 1942‐1945. Edited by William M. LearyMartin Luther King, Jr.: Apostle of Militant Nonviolence. By James A. ColaiacoJFK: History of an Image. By Thomas BrownOutposts and Allies: U.S. Army Logistics in the Cold War, 1945‐1953. By James A. HustonNational Security Planning: Roosevelt Through Reagan. By Michael M. BollGrowth in a Changing Environment: A History of Standard Oil Company (New Jersey), Exxon Corporation, 1950‐1975. By Bennett H. WallFarm Families & Change in Twentieth‐Century America. By Mark FriedbergerLimits to Friendship: The United States and Mexico. By Robert A. Pastor and Jorge G. CastanedaTo Love, Honor, and Obey in Colonial Mexico: Conflicts Over Marriage Choice, 1574‐1821. By Patricia SeedCuba: Between Reform and Revolution. [Latin American Histories Series.] By Louis A. Perez Jr
|
[
{
"display_name": "The Historian",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S8593340",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4385596781
|
Understanding Nuruddin Farah
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "F. Fiona Moolla",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5000623061"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "James Currey",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5085079912"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Somali",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776831955"
},
{
"display_name": "Variety (cybernetics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136197465"
},
{
"display_name": "Reading (process)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C554936623"
},
{
"display_name": "Literature",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C124952713"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Art",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Artificial intelligence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
}
] |
[
"Somalia"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4385596781
|
Fiona Moolla’s book, Reading Nuruddin Farah is a must read for a variety of reasons. First of all, Nuruddin Farah, whose oeuvre spans over 45 years of mostly fiction writing on women’s emancipation, is on of the most inonic literary figures from Africa. He is reputedly a perennial nominee for the Nobel Prize in Literature, which he certainly deserves, in addition to the many other literary awards he has already won, including the prestigious Neustadt International Prize for Literature. Although Somali by birth, Farah is the quintessential African, having lived in several African countries in almost all the sub-regions of the continent.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Africa Review of Books",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4387289851",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2530940554
|
Perspektiven des Christentums im Mittleren Osten: Fallstudie zum historischen und heutigen Überlebenskampf der aramäischen Christinnen im Irak.
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Kamal Kolo",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5084727217"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Stanislava Vavroušková",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5009610619"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Petr Bláha",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059625415"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Jan Zouplna",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037996550"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Persecution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C537575062"
},
{
"display_name": "Oppression",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776526686"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Religious studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C24667770"
},
{
"display_name": "Theology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2530940554
|
This contribution analyzes the status and life conditions to which the Aramaic Christians of Iraq, as well as the Iraqi Jews, were exposed to in Iraq; both groups being considered Dhimmis (Protected) by the Muslim majority of the country. It also comments on the temporary social emancipation instituted after the introduction of the civil rights law in 1959, a policy which continued through the 1970s, and on the marginalization strategies employed by the state authorities on members of the Christian community at school and in their daily life. The Aramaic Christian women in particular, due to an internal patriarchal code of behavior based on Christian tradition, were exposed to heavy oppression. The paper concludes by observing that in the years following the American invasion (2003), the threats to the existence of the religious minorities in Iraq were intensified to an even greater extent. The goal of uprooting the Christians in Iraq was pursued in an even more radical way than the persecution and expulsion of the Iraqi Jews in the period from 1941 to 1951.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Archiv Orientalni",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S82504447",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2901356651
|
Humanism in the poetry of al-Haidari
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mahmoud Hatampour",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5030396274"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Poetry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C164913051"
},
{
"display_name": "Humanism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C153606108"
},
{
"display_name": "Oppression",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776526686"
},
{
"display_name": "Dignity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778745096"
},
{
"display_name": "Literature",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C124952713"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Art",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Theology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2901356651
|
Human has a special position in contemporary Arab poetry. This attention and tendency to human in the poetry of al-Haidari, a contemporary Iraqi poet, is more outstanding, as it can be said that writing of man and humanism is one of the characteristics of his poetry. Al-Haidari can be considered as the first contemporary Iraqi poet to focus on human beings and also to focus on human as it has the pivotal role in the literature. Although he has practically devoted all of himself to poetry, he is distinguished from many contemporary poets regarding human concerns and the value of human dignity and centrality. The poet's attention to humans can be traced back to the school of humanism. Since attention to humans, his troubles and preoccupations have always been the main concerns of this great poet. In this essay, we tried to investigate the components of humanism in the poetry of the Iraqi poet using the descriptive-analytical method and then also to study the human image in his work. The findings of this research indicate that the long poem has been greatly affected by humanistic school, and human beings plainly have a significant position in his poem. In his poem, emphasis is placed on human liberty, discretion and rationalism, and humanism has been summed up in his poems in such themes as family, love, death, life, grief, loneliness and abandonment, oppression and injustice by cruel tyrants and emancipation from inefficacy (futility).
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2028868115
|
Armed and Trained: Nelson Mandela's 1962 Military Mission as Commander in Chief of Umkhonto we Sizwe and Provenance for his Buried Makarov Pistol
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Garth Benneyworth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5016014331"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "Independence (probability theory)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C35651441"
},
{
"display_name": "Military history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C5021368"
},
{
"display_name": "Colonialism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C531593650"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Biography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C520712124"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
}
] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W2026787187",
"https://openalex.org/W2133765220"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2028868115
|
Abstract Firearms are inextricably linked to the history of South Africa's liberation struggle and experiences of decolonisation, liberation, and independence for many African countries. Firearms are often perceived as symbols of emancipation from colonial rule, and military leaders, such as Nelson Mandela, who commanded Umkhonto we Sizwe, are no exception, for he is associated with numerous handguns, military weapons and military ordnance during 1962, in particular to a Makarov pistol, originating from Ethiopia. This heritage item holding symbolic and historical value, Mandela claimed he buried at Liliesleaf farm in Johannesburg shortly before being captured in 1962. Although mentioned fleetingly in Nelson Mandela's autobiography Long Walk to Freedom, the provenance of and knowledge about his pistol and the circumstances under which he received it and how he subsequently buried it, together with ammunition and possibly an Ethiopian army uniform, are not widely known. This article details the process by which I established this provenance during 2004 to 2010, and contextualises Nelson Mandela's broader military activities in Africa, discussions he held with freedom fighters and military personnel in Ethiopia and Morocco, the type of military training he underwent, weapons he handled, and activities in South Africa upon his return, once armed and trained.
|
[
{
"display_name": "South African Historical Journal",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S105288734",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2508581279
|
The Minorities Question in Iran
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "University of California System",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2803209242",
"lat": 37.80437,
"long": -122.2708,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Nikki R. Keddie",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5054434764"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Middle East",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3651065"
},
{
"display_name": "Judaism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C150152722"
},
{
"display_name": "Ethnic group",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C137403100"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "The Holocaust",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C110361221"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Deportation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C60961049"
},
{
"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
},
{
"display_name": "Christianity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C551968917"
},
{
"display_name": "Islam",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C4445939"
},
{
"display_name": "Religious studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C24667770"
},
{
"display_name": "Ethnology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2549261"
},
{
"display_name": "Immigration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
}
] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2508581279
|
In the Middle East as in the West, the concept of a “minority”, covering both religious and ethnic minorities within a state, is a modern one. Today, ethnic minorities are important in much of the Middle East. In the pre-twentieth-century Middle East, however, as in the pre-eighteenth-century West, the only minorities generally considered important were religious ones, who might be either unbelievers (in the Muslim world divided into protected “People of the Book” — monotheists with scriptures — and unprotected polytheists) or heretics, whose beliefs related to the dominant religion but were judged to diverge so seriously and dangerously as to merit punishment, sometimes death. The only religious minority sometimes tolerated in the West were the Jews, who were, however, increasingly expelled and forced to move to Eastern Europe or to Morocco and the Ottoman Empire. Peaceful coexistence between Catholics and Protestants as well as tolerance and legal emancipation for Western Jews are eighteenth- and nineteenth-century phenomena. The twentieth-century Holocaust, the continuation of anti-Jewish and anti-Muslims prejudices in the West (where Muslim populations are now significant — for example, about 3 million in the United States), and revived intra-Christian tensions in parts of the West should warn Westerners against thinking that religious prejudices and persecutions happen only elsewhere.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2766820478
|
The Road Trip as Artistic Formation in DeFeo's Work
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Frida Forsgren",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5007258684"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "The Renaissance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C52069626"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "Work (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18762648"
},
{
"display_name": "Visual arts",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C153349607"
},
{
"display_name": "Art",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
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In her article "The Road Trip as Artistic Formation in DeFeo's Work" Frida Forsgren discusses previously unpublished photographic material documenting Jay DeFeo's road trip in Europe and North Africa in the 1950s. Forsgren argues that the Beat road trip is by no means an exclusively masculine enterprise and quest: DeFeo's journey helped open the door to her emancipation as a female artist and propelled her artistic development. Moreover, the global experience represented by the trip helped shape her local Beat milieu upon her return to San Francisco. While European, Medieval, Italian Renaissance, and Hebrew influences in DeFeo's oeuvre have been studied, Forsgren traces the North African and particularly Moroccan influences in DeFeo's work.
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https://openalex.org/W2791457364
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Civility, art and emancipation on the Arabian Peninsula
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ConstellationsVolume 25, Issue 4 p. 529-541 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Civility, art and emancipation on the Arabian Peninsula Rita Elizabeth Risser, Corresponding Author Rita Elizabeth Risser [email protected] Department of Philosophy, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, UAE Correspondence Rita Elizabeth Risser, Department of Philosophy, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, UAE Email: [email protected] for more papers by this author Rita Elizabeth Risser, Corresponding Author Rita Elizabeth Risser [email protected] Department of Philosophy, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, UAE Correspondence Rita Elizabeth Risser, Department of Philosophy, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, UAE Email: [email protected] for more papers by this author First published: 22 March 2018 https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8675.12343Citations: 1 Funding: The research for this article was supported with a visiting research fellowship at the Institute for Advanced Studies in the Humanities at the University of Edinburgh. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume25, Issue4December 2018Pages 529-541 RelatedInformation
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https://openalex.org/W3172812473
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Entrepreneurship and Innovation Emancipation among Women Entrepreneurs in Developing Countries
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Encouraging innovation in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) is one of the government's main policy initiatives at the local, regional, and national levels in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). This study's primary purpose is to explore the innovation characteristics, challenges, and factors influencing innovation in the Emirati female-owned nascent, start-up, and established SMEs. A semi-structured interview method was used to explore ten Emirati female entrepreneurs' experiences on innovation and adoption intent, and the data were analyzed using NVIVO software. The analysis reveals that respondents believed in a strong vision, education, and risk-taking attitude as an innovative entrepreneur's essential characteristics. Furthermore, new technology adoption, networking, implementation of new or improved products, processes, marketing, and organizational innovation are considered essential to help entrepreneurs commercialize their innovative business idea. This study's findings will help policymakers and business women's councils identify the specific inhibitors and facilitators linked to innovation. The results will help develop various effective policies to promote innovation among Emirati women-owned SMEs.
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https://openalex.org/W2590468568
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The Cambridge Companion to Judaism and Law
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2590468568
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The Cambridge Companion to Judaism and Law explores the Jewish conception of law as an essential component of the divine-human relationship from biblical to modern times, as well as resistance to this conceptualization. It also traces the political, social, intellectual, and cultural circumstances that spawned competing Jewish approaches to its own &apos;divine&apos; law and the &apos;non-divine&apos; law of others, including that of the modern, secular state of Israel. Part I focuses on the emergence and development of law as an essential element of religious expression in biblical Israel and classical Judaism through the medieval period. Part II considers the ramifications for the law arising from political emancipation and the invention of Judaism as a &apos;religion&apos; in the modern period. Finally, Part III traces the historical and ideological processes leading to the current configuration of religion and state in modern Israel, analysing specific conflicts between religious law and state law.
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https://openalex.org/W1516613978
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The Power of Ideas
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1516613978
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The essays collected in this new volume reveal Isaiah Berlin at his most lucid and accessible. He was constitutionally incapable of writing with the opacity of the specialist, but these shorter, more introductory pieces provide the perfect starting-point for the reader new to his work. Those who are already familiar with his writing will also be grateful for this further addition to his collected essays. The connecting theme of these essays, as in the case of earlier volumes, is the crucial social and political role--past, present and future--of ideas, and of their progenitors. A rich variety of subject-matters is represented--from philosophy to education, from Russia to Israel, from Marxism to romanticism--so that the truth of Heine's warning is exemplified on a broad front. It is a warning that Berlin often referred to, and provides an answer to those who ask, as from time to time they do, why intellectual history matters. Among the contributions are My Intellectual Path, Berlin's last essay, a retrospective autobiographical survey of his main preoccupations; and Jewish Slavery and Emancipation, the classic statement of his Zionist views, long unavailable in print. His other subjects include the Enlightenment, Giambattista Vico, Vissarion Belinsky, Alexander Herzen, G.V. Plekhanov, the Russian intelligentsia, the idea of liberty, political realism, nationalism, and historicism. The book exhibits the full range of his enormously wide expertise and demonstrates the striking and enormously engaging individuality, as well as the power, of his own ideas. Over a hundred years ago, the German poet Heine warned the French not to underestimate the power of ideas: philosophical concepts nurtured in the stillness of a professor's study could destroy a civilization.--Isaiah Berlin, Two Concepts of Liberty, 1958
|
[] |
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https://openalex.org/W2413532206
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In between formal and informal: Staff and youth relationships in care and after leaving care
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This paper deals with the contact and relationship youth have with staff while in care and after emancipation and examines the young adults' needs in contacting staff after leaving care. The study was conducted through 60 interviews with young adults ages 21–26 who emancipated from residential settings in Israel. Results showed that most youth report having had a meaningful staff member in care and that 62% were in contact with staff after their transition to independent living for both emotional and practical needs that could not always be answered by staff. One of the study's conclusions is that despite their departure staff's relationship with these young adults continues informally years after. However, without formal recognition of the place staff have in the lives of aged-out youth, no resources are invested in training them to properly meet the young adults' needs. The discussion highlights the need for an integrative approach that sees residential settings and staff as a meaningful part in the continuity from care to independent living by supporting aged-out youth's gradual transition to adult life.
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https://openalex.org/W2024420521
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WHAT ARE ENLIGHTENMENTS?
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Jonathan Israel, Radical Enlightenment: Philosophy and the Making of Modernity 1650–1750 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001) Jonathan Israel, Enlightenment Contested: Philosophy, Modernity, and the Emancipation of Man 1670–1750 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006) “A public can only attain enlightenment slowly,” Kant famously observed. His use of the term “public” ( Publikum ), of course, is notoriously slippery, and even now, after decades of academic discussion of Öffenlichkeit and l'opinion publique , it regularly trips up the unsuspecting undergraduate intent on answering Kant's central question: What is enlightenment? And yet it is clear that whatever else he meant, Kant envisioned a central role for the scholar ( Gelehrter ) in constituting the public, and furthering enlightenment. And so we might say, in a Kantian gloss, that scholars attain enlightenment, and knowledge of the Enlightenment, only slowly.
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Jewish Emancipation
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4249383383
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For all their unquestionable importance, the Holocaust and the founding of the State of Israel now loom so large in modern Jewish history that we have mostly lost sight of the fact that they are only part of—and indeed reactions to—the central event of that history: emancipation. This book seeks to reorient Jewish history by offering the first comprehensive account in any language of the process by which Jews became citizens with civil and political rights in the modern world. Ranging from the mid-sixteenth century to the beginning of the twenty-first, the book tells the ongoing story of how Jews have gained, kept, lost, and recovered rights in Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, the United States, and Israel. Emancipation, the book shows, was not a one-time or linear event that began with the Enlightenment or French Revolution and culminated with Jews' acquisition of rights in Central Europe in 1867–71 or Russia in 1917. Rather, emancipation was and is a complex, multidirectional, and ambiguous process characterized by deflections and reversals, defeats and successes, triumphs and tragedies. For example, American Jews mobilized twice for emancipation: in the nineteenth century for political rights, and in the twentieth for lost civil rights. Similarly, Israel itself has struggled from the start to institute equality among its heterogeneous citizens. By telling the story of this foundational but neglected event, the book reveals the lost contours of Jewish history over the past half millennium.
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https://openalex.org/W1830411480
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Jewishness and Britishness in the Eighteenth Century
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Jews in Britain were experiencing de facto emancipation and enlightenment before most of their counterparts on the continent. Ironically, widespread assimilation provoked unease and occasional panic. The presence of a prosperous Jewish minority troubled those who regarded Britain as a “second and better Israel.”
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https://openalex.org/W639260661
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From East and West : Jews in a changing Europe, 1750-1870
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Part 1 Getting on in the world: patriarchs and patricians - the Gradis family of 18th-century Bordeaux, Richard Menkiss Abraham de Camondo of Istanbul - the transformation of Jewish philanthropy, Alan Rodrigue majority faith - Dreyfus before the affair, Michael Burns. Part 2 Redefining community: the right to be equal - Zalkind Hourwitz and the revolution of 1789 - Frances Malino preacher, teacher, publicist - Joseph Wolf and the ideology of emancipation, David Sorkin Mordechai Aaron Guenzburg - a Lithuanian Maskil faces modernity - Israel Bartal. Part 3 Testing assimilation: the chequered career of Jew King: a study in Anglo-Jewish social history, Todd M.Endelmann Jewish upper crust and Berlin Jewish enlightenment - the family of Daniel Itzig, Steven Lowenstein work, love and Jewishness in the life of Fanny Lewald, Deborah Hertz. Part 4 Inventing orthodoxy: towards a biography of Hatam Sofer - Jacob Katz Zevi Hirsch Kalischer and the origins of religious Zionism - Jody Elizabeth Myers the anglicization of orthodoxy - the Adlers, father and son, Eugene C.Black.
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[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W606456974
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The Women of Israel, or Characters and Sketches from the Holy Scriptures and Jewish History
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W606456974
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Grace Aguilar (1818–1847), a prolific nineteenth-century novelist and Jewish historian of Sephardic descent, was known for her works of fiction, but in this 1845 publication she addresses Jewish history from a female perspective. These two volumes consist of a series of biographical essays on Old Testament, Talmudic and modern Jewish women. Aguilar identifies a need for more female biography of scripture, postulating a continuity between the biblical matriarchs and the Jewish women of her generation. Addressing a female readership, Aguilar writes in a didactic and highly evangelical tone characteristic of the period, using her discussion to argue for the emancipation of Jews, particularly Jewish women, who should also have access to all Jewish religious texts. The Women of Israel is divided into seven historical periods, and this first volume deals with the first three. For more information on this author, see http://orlando.cambridge.org/public/svPeople?person_id=aguigr
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2315950815
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JONATHAN I. ISRAEL. Democratic Enlightenment: Philosophy, Revolution, and Human Rights 1750-1790.
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2315950815
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Jonathan I. Israel's latest book brings certain tendencies in his previous two volumes on the “radical Enlightenment” to an all too logical conclusion. It was possible to read the first and best of his volumes, Radical Enlightenment: Philosophy and the Making of Modernity, 1650–1750 (2001), as an attempt to flesh out Margaret C. Jacob's thesis of a “radical” among other spectra within the Enlightenment, with particular attention to the influence of Baruch Spinoza. Even that volume, however, tended to reduce the interaction of ideas within the matrix of experience to a linear transmission from place to place and generation to generation, while the second volume, Enlightenment Contested: Philosophy, Modernity, and the Emancipation of Man, 1670–1752 (2006), ruthlessly reduced the varieties of en-lightenment to two, “radical” and “moderate,” by consigning all other contestants to the growing—and growingly abused—category of “counter-enlightenment.” It was already apparent, however, that in Israel's view the radical few would prevail over the moderate many because their ontology alone possessed internal consistency and their sociopolitical agenda alone could solve the problems of the European Old Regime. But however much the postulate of a single cause may satisfy the scientific quest for simplicity, the law of parsimony has only limited application to ontology and none at all to history, where explanations tend to be compelling in proportion as they are complex. Further, Spinozan monistic naturalism and Denis Diderot's and Baron d'Holbach's later variants contained no few inconsistencies of their own, not the least of which is the one between materialistic determinism and a political activism that presupposed a will free enough to enact reform. For its part, the radical enlightenment's superior capacity to resolve the Old Regime's “problems” dissolves upon the consideration that many of the problems Israel identifies were problems that only his “radicals” perceived as such or that remain as problems today: for example the oppression of homosexuals and the pervasiveness of war.
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https://openalex.org/W635783163
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The Most Ancient of Minorities: The Jews of Italy
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W635783163
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Introduction: Israel in Italy: Wrestling with the Lord in the Land of Divine Dew by Stanislao G. Pugliese Historiography & the Law Legal Discrimination Against the Jews: Ancient Rome to Unification by Sandra Tozzini Blaming the Victims: Modern Historiography on the Early Imperial Mistreatment of Roman Jews by Dixon Slingerland Historical Sources on Italian Jews: From the 14th Century to the Shoah by Micaela Procaccia Medieval & Renaissance Italy Florence Against the Jews or Jews Against Florence in the 14th and 15th Centuries? by Michele Luzzati Between Tradition and Modernity: Sephardim of Livorno at the End of the 17th Century by Julia R. Lieberman Dancing Master and Jewish Dance in Renaissance Italy by Barbara Sparti Expulsion from the Papal States (1569) in the Light of Hebrew Sources by Abraham David Case of Ferdinando Alvarez and His Wife Leocadia of Rome (1640) by Nancy Goldsmith Leiphart Giovanni di Giovanni: Chronicler of Sicily's Jews by Salvatore Rotella Literature, Art, and Identity Judeo-Italian: Italian Dialect or Lnaguage? by George Jochnowitz Culture of Italian Jews and Shakespeare's Merchant of Venice by H. Wendell Howard Emancipation and Literature in the Italian Canon by Roberto Dainotto Assimilationn vs. Orthodoxy in the Literature of 20th Century Italian Jews by Lynn Gunzberg Racial Laws and Internment in Natalia Ginzberg's Lessico familiare by Claudia Nocentini Clara Sereni and Contemporary Italian Literature by Elisabetta Nelsen Art, Architecture, and Italian Identity by Samuel Gruber Italian Literature from the Second World War to the 1990s by Raniero Speelman Contemporary Memorialists by Fabio Girelli-Carasi World War II & the Holocaust Haven or Hell: Italy's Refuge for Jews, 1933-1945 by Maryann Calendrille Di razza ebraica: Fascist Name Legislation and the Designation of Jews in Trieste by Maura Hametz Pope Pius XI's Conflict with Fascist Italy's Anti-Semitism and Policies by Frank Coppa A Cool-Blood Anti-Semitism: First Anti-Semitic Campaign of the Fascist Regime (1934) by Luc Nemeth Why Was Italy So Impervious to Anti-Semitism (to 1938)? by Frederick M. Schweitzer Rescue or Annihilation: Role of the Italian Occupation Forces Towards the Jews in World War II by Yitzchak Kerem Priebke Trials by David Travis Primo Levi Deporting Identity: Testimonies of Primo Levi and Giuliana Tedeschi by Marie Orton Narrating Auschwitz: Linguistic Strategies in Primo Levi's Holocaust Memoirs by Eva Gold Tower of Babel: Language and Power in Primo Levi's Survival in Auschwitz by Anna Petrov Bumble The Language of the Witness Holocaust Survivors Speak Renato Almansi Lucia Servadio Bedarida Epilogue: Survival of The Most Ancient of Minorities by Stephen Siporin Bibliography: Jews of Italy: A Selected Bibliography, 1996-1999 by James Tasato Mellone Index
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2015454366
|
Sephardic Business: Early Modern Atlantic Style
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Sephardic Business:Early Modern Atlantic Style Jonathan Schorsch Daviken Studnicki-Gizbert. A Nation upon the Ocean Sea: Portugal's Atlantic Diaspora and the Crisis of the Spanish Empire, 1492–1640 Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. Pp. x + 242. Richard L. Kagan and Philip D. Morgan, eds. Atlantic Diasporas: Jews Conversos, and Crypto-Jews in the Age of Mercantilism, 1500–1800. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2009. Pp. xvii + 307. Francesca Trivellato. The Familiarity of Strangers: The Sephardic Diaspora, Livorno, and Cross-Cultural Trade in the Early Modern Period. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2009. Pp. xiii + 470. Jackie Ranston. Belisario: Sketches of Character: A Historical Biography of a Jamaican Artist. Jamaica Old Masters Series 2. Kingston, Jamaica: Mills Press, 2008. Pp. xix + 409. Tim Barringer, Gillian Forrester, and Barbaro Martinez-Ruiz, eds. Art and Emancipation in Jamaica: Isaac Mendes Belisario and His Worlds. New Heaven, Conn.: Yale Center for British Art/Yale University Press, 2007). Pp. xix + 592. Josette Capriles Goldish. Once Jews: Stories of Caribbean Sephardim. Princeton, N.J.: Markus Wiener Publishers, 2009. Pp. xv + 334. Edward Kritzler. Jewish Pirates of the Caribbean: How a Generation of Swashbuckling Jews Carved Out an Empire in the New World in Their Quest for Treasure, Religious Freedom—and Revenge. New York: Doubleday, 2008. Pp. xi + 324. It may be difficult for nonspecialists to appreciate the success of early modern Spanish and Portuguese Jews and conversos in the Atlantic world region. Some 20,000 exiled Spanish and Portuguese Jews and a [End Page 483] far greater number of conversos still in Catholic territories built up a commercial empire so triumphant that it supported communal life, sometimes lavishly, in such far-flung locations as Hamburg, London, Kingston, and Recife. Their transnational commercial success, while it lasted, comprises a doubly remarkable achievement, given, as Francesca Trivellato of Yale reminds us, that no country "would have chartered an exclusively Sephardic commercial company, nor could Sephardic merchants raise considerable capital among non-Jews to set up large-scale operations" (Familiarity of Strangers, p. 68). Sephardic Amsterdam, built up from nothing after 1595, like all of these communities, mostly by conversos who became New Jews (Yosef Kaplan's phrase), was an admired and renowned "mother city" within but a few decades. On the ocean's far side, until roughly 1800, the Sephardic communities of Suriname and Curaçao outshone every other Jewish collective in the Western hemisphere. (Interaction of these New Jews with "old" Sephardim remains a complex question.) Curaçao's Mikvé Israel new synagogue building, inaugurated in 1732, could house a congregation of 400 men and 200 women; so well off was the community that a membership contribution (finta) was introduced only in 1810. New Jews greatly helped revivify, if not reinvent in exile, the unique style of Spanish and Portuguese Judaism. Sephardic men in the post-Columbus Americas hunted manatees off the coast of the Guianas, founded colonial settlements, captained hundreds of ships (many with Jewish names), ran sugar and coffee plantations, fought in local militias before such permission was granted in Europe, and constructed western outposts of Judaism which attracted graduating rabbis from Amsterdam's Ets Haim yeshiva well into the nineteenth century. Something both exotic yet familiar exudes from the history of these "clean-shaven Jews," as they were referred to sometimes by Ashkenazim. In nearly all of their homelands, Sephardim comprised both "agents and victims of empire," in Jonathan Israel's already classic formulation. The rich and sophisticated new works on western Sephardim and conversos here reviewed indicate that the study of conversos/Sephardim has finally transcended its tendency to exoticize and romanticize its object. (This is less true of Kritzler's Jewish Pirates of the Caribbean, to which I will return below.) These books also reflect the degree to which Jewish studies has been able to escape its provincialism and frequent fixation on identity politics, becoming more of a full participant in contemporary academic currents. The quincentennial of 1492 may have produced several new treatments of Sephardic matters and instigated further and deeper investigation, but the recent works under discussion reflect a [End Page 484] whole new level of interest and analysis, both quantitatively and qualitatively.1 Though most...
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[
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https://openalex.org/W2021959483
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Enlightenment Contested. Philosophy, Modernity, and the Emancipation of Man 1670–1752
|
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2021959483
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Jonathan Israel, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006), xxiv + 983 pp., £30.00/$75.00 (hb), ISBN 978‐0‐19‐927922‐7 In an earlier book which was published in 2001, Jonathan Israel presented a nove...
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[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S21836356",
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https://openalex.org/W2530606043
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Jonathan Israel.<i>Revolutionary Ideas: An Intellectual History of the French Revolution from</i>The Rights of Man<i>to Robespierre</i>.
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"Israel"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2530606043
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Jonathan Israel proclaims that “the Radical Enlightenment alone offered a package of values sufficiently universal, secular, and egalitarian to set in motion the forces of a broad, general emancipation based on reason, freedom of thought, and democracy” (708). This rhetorical salvo resonates powerfully with the multivolume intellectual history that he has charted from its impetus in Spinozism, through the influence of its monist metaphysics and purportedly democratic politics on eighteenth-century philosophical radicals such as Denis Diderot and Paul Henri Dietrich, Baron d’Holbach, and now to the origins and legacies of the revolution. The project has attracted considerable attention, by turns laudatory and critical. Commentators praise Israel’s vast erudition and the sheer scope of his perspective, which encompasses arguably the most panoramic portrait of the Enlightenment ever offered—one that deftly traverses philosophical traditions and geographical boundaries. Yet Israel mobilizes his great stores of evidence in support of a position so resolute that it is nearly impossible to defend: that a single and singularly coherent radical Enlightenment, inaugurated by Baruch Spinoza and elaborated by his acolytes, both avowed and clandestine, gave rise to modernity in all its promise, without blemish or even unintended consequence. As Israel argues, the philosophers-in-arms who fomented the authentic revolution—men such as the abbé Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyès, Jacques-Pierre Brissot de Warville, Jean-Antoine-Nicolas de Caritat, Marquis de Condorcet, and Camille Desmoulins—ushered in a new regime founded on “human rights, secularism, sexual liberation, gender and racial emancipation, individual liberty, and equality before the law” (9).
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[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S197437610",
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https://openalex.org/W4240544266
|
Astrology and Iconoclasm in Milton's Paradise Regained
|
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"display_name": "David Gay",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C164913051"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779271205"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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"Israel"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4240544266
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The work of setting John Milton amid the political events to which his poems respond should enhance our reading of the poems themselves. In juxtaposing "accounts of spectacle with literary texts," Laura Lunger Knoppers shows how the Restoration exerted a profound, though negative, influence on his three major poems; in her view, the major poems counter the spectacles of state by "constituting an inwardness or conscience" in readers. 1 If the prose treatises that opposed the Restoration show Milton standing his ground in both disappointment and prophetic indignation, the major poems provide a common ground for future generations of readers seeking a critical vantage point on history. Milton invested his hopes in the "children of reviving libertie" at the close of The Readie and Easie Way to Establish a Free Commonwealth; 2 nevertheless, he was dismayed by the capacity of his contemporaries for political idolatry. If Areopagitica anticipates the progressive reformation of society through the dynamic of reading, The Readie and Easie Way laments the devolution of political imagination upon a monarchical icon. Milton's major poems effect the emancipation of political imagination by providing counterhistorical texts for readers who would resist "the detested thraldom of Kingship" induced by material displays of power. 3 Published in 1671, Paradise Regained portrays this emancipation as Jesus counters the spectacle of temptation with a developing vision of the Kingdom of God. During his inward rehearsal of the history of Israel in the wilderness, Jesus finds no material signs of his messianic identity, as Israel did not in times [End Page 175] of exile; he conserves the textual grounds of that identity by internalizing and remembering scripture, as Israel did in hearing the Law and the Prophets. Satan's purpose as a tempter is thus twofold: (1) to provoke Jesus into producing a material sign of his messianic identity through the performance of a miracle and (2) to deprive Jesus of the textual grounds of his identity through an exchange or substitution that supplants scripture by diverting Jesus' mission into demonic paradigms of power rather than grounding it in God's purpose.
|
[
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"display_name": "SEL: Studies in English Literature 1500-1900",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S970496357",
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|
https://openalex.org/W2228695032
|
Il resto di Israele : la letteratura degli ebrei nell'Italia del Settecento fra integrazione e isolamento
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Asher Salah",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5082072531"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C150152722"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778682666"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C91304198"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C15708023"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C90559484"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C124952713"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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{
"display_name": "Programming language",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897"
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[
"Israel"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2228695032
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The of Israel is a concept of the Hebrew prophetic language. It can be interpreted as an eschatological image representing the righteous remnant after G-d's judgment of the Nations or as an expression of the condition of the Jewish people throughout its history, as Franz Rosezweig says in The Star of Redemption. At least as far as 18 th century Italian Judaism is concerned, it is tempting to apply the concept of Remnant to the explanation of some particularities of literary production. Its application to Jewish history can challenge some basic assumptions concerning the shift in Jewish self-definition which occurred with modernity and political emancipation.
|
[] |
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https://openalex.org/W4388381534
|
A national home
|
[
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"display_name": "Emanuele Ottolenghi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5049960642"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C78359825"
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{
"display_name": "Homeland",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778880830"
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{
"display_name": "Anti-Zionism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C108812129"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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{
"display_name": "Ideology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C158071213"
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{
"display_name": "Judaism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C150152722"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780326160"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778734905"
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{
"display_name": "Jewish identity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776365606"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C24667770"
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{
"display_name": "Acculturation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C90048612"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
"display_name": "Immigration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468"
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{
"display_name": "Ethnology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2549261"
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{
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{
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{
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{
"display_name": "Aesthetics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107038049"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C74481535"
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{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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[
"Israel"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4388381534
|
Abstract Zionism was born in the midst of a prolonged struggle for the reinterpretation of Jewish identity which the Enlightenment, emancipation, and the rise of modern antisemitism had triggered. Emerging as an alternative for Jews seeking cultural renewal and escape from antisemitism in nineteenth-century Europe, Zionism culminated in the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948. Essentially, Zionism has been defined as: ‘An ideology pertaining to the idea of a return to Zion and its restoration as a homeland for the Jews that not only transcended the messianic idea but also produced extensive social results and a continuous social development.’
|
[
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https://openalex.org/W3174388059
|
고레스 신탁과 고레스 실린더
|
[
{
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"display_name": "이종근",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5034726546"
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[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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{
"display_name": "Servant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777219063"
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{
"display_name": "Worship",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777222677"
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{
"display_name": "Israelites",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777592495"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780422510"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C24667770"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C74916050"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
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{
"display_name": "Mechanical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C78519656"
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{
"display_name": "Software engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C115903868"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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[
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3174388059
|
This study deals with the Cyrus Oracle and the Cyrus Cylinder with the help of the literary comparative method. The Cyrus Oracle was the cornerstone for liberty, emancipation, the return of the ancient Israel from Babylon captivity and for rebuilding of the temple. King Cyrus is the Yahweh's anointed servant fulfilling his will for the Israelites.The Cyrus Cylinder is a text written in the stone of the Temple foundation, kind of royal propaganda, in the pattern of misharum edicts in the land of Mesopotamia. It enhances religious freedom and abolishment of slavery, by allowing the subjugated subjects to return to their lands and to worship their own gods.Both the Cyrus Oracle and the Cyrus Cylinder are similar in their background for human liberty and emancipation, and are also the invaluable sources for suffering humanity.
|
[
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"display_name": "구약논단",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306493978",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2737242478
|
Italian Jews and the Left
|
[
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"display_name": "Giorgio Israel",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5028257464"
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[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C78359825"
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{
"display_name": "The Holocaust",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C110361221"
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{
"display_name": "Hostility",
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{
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{
"display_name": "Communism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C542948173"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Islam",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C4445939"
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{
"display_name": "Racism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139838865"
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{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
"display_name": "Nazism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C5616717"
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{
"display_name": "Judaism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C150152722"
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{
"display_name": "Economic history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C24667770"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
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{
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
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{
"display_name": "Clinical psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C70410870"
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{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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] |
[
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2737242478
|
Upon Emancipation, Italian Jewry experienced increasing assimilation. After the trauma of Fascism and the Shoah, Italian Jews tilted mainly to the Left in the postwar period. The Six Day War and Communist hostility to Israel, the Italian Left's support of Zionism is Racism, pro-Palestinianism, a growth in antisemitism due to Islamic propaganda, all gradually led to the detachment of Italian Jewry from the Left, the emergence of a Center-Right internal governance and support for the five-year Berlusconi rule. No dramatic effects have occurred, however, and the concerns of Italian Jewry today focus rather on the international situation and problems in Europe as a whole.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4386959096
|
Introduction
|
[] |
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728"
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{
"display_name": "Gene",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C104317684"
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[
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4386959096
|
This chapter details how Bishop Henry McNeal Turner became one of the leading supporters of the war effort and one of the strongest advocates for African American participation when he arrived at the Israel African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church. It mentions Turner's sermon from 1862 wherein he spoke of Creation as a current phenomenon, foreshadowing the tenets of process theology. It also discusses how Turner blamed America's turmoil on animosity between white and Black people in his sermon in 1863. The chapter highlights Turner's challenge to his congregation to remove the murder in their hearts and search within to find the will to love their enemies and pray for their persecutors. It recounts the speech Turner delivered on January 1, 1866, the Emancipation Day Speech, which launched his political career.
|
[
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https://openalex.org/W4249735907
|
Introduction
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Derek J. Penslar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5079504450"
}
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[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C150152722"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C110361221"
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{
"display_name": "Military service",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776948989"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
"display_name": "World War II",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C137355542"
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{
"display_name": "Anti-Zionism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C108812129"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C24667770"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "Jewish studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74481535"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
}
] |
[
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4249735907
|
This introductory chapter provides an overview of Jewish involvement in the military. From the beginnings of conscription in the late 1700s until the end of the Second World War, military service was of enormous concern to Jews throughout the world. Advocates for Jewish rights presented the Jewish soldier as proof that Jews were worthy of emancipation and social acceptance. For Jewish soldiers, as for all who serve, military life could be a torment but could also be thrilling and liberating—the most memorable experience of a young man's life. However, two sets of historically contiguous events—the Holocaust and establishment of the state of Israel, on the one hand, and the 1967 Middle East war and the anti-Vietnam War movement, on the other—blotted the Jewish soldier out of Jewish collective memory.
|
[
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|
https://openalex.org/W2624055193
|
Art, Architecture, and Archaeology
|
[
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{
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"display_name": "Hebrew University of Jerusalem",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I197251160",
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"long": 35.21633,
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"display_name": "Lee I. Levine",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
"display_name": "Visual arts",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C153349607"
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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[
"Israel"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W2122452519",
"https://openalex.org/W2329579757",
"https://openalex.org/W4230535731"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2624055193
|
Abstract This article addresses three related, though not identical, academic fields of study that crystallized only in the twentieth century. Beforehand, it had generally been assumed, whether for political, social, or religious reasons, that Jews eschewed art and architecture, either because they were visually uncreative, preferring the audile to the visual, or owing to the restrictions imposed on them by the Second Commandment. However, there emerged in the Post-Emancipation era an awareness that, in the course of their history, particularly in the later Middle Ages and modern times, Jews had produced an impressive array of artistic, mostly ceremonial, objects worthy of appreciation and display. This realization that a uniquely Jewish art and architecture existed in the past crystallized in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries, finding expression, inter alia, in the establishment of Jewish museums throughout Europe, America, and Israel.
|
[
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|
https://openalex.org/W4250596674
|
Reinstatement
|
[
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"display_name": "David Sorkin",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5013159208"
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[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780781376"
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{
"display_name": "Restitution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778392301"
},
{
"display_name": "Nazism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C5616717"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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{
"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "World War II",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C137355542"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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] |
[
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4250596674
|
This chapter discusses how the reclamation of citizenship, the restitution of property, and negotiations for reparations stretched across postwar Europe, with some activities continuing into the twenty-first century. In western and central Europe, Jews quickly regained citizenship. France, Italy, and Holland abrogated Nazi decrees to restore Jews' citizenship; Germany granted citizenship irrespective of religion. In east-central and eastern Europe, in contrast, Jews struggled to regain or retain rights. Stalin's and Khrushchev's governments discriminated against Jews throughout Soviet society; they effectively turned Jews into second-class citizens. In Hungary, Jews experienced a second “reverse emancipation.” Romania purged the state apparatus and arranged for Israel to ransom Jews for hard currency. Poland gave Jews citizenship de jure yet began to discriminate against them. Meanwhile, the governments of Holland, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, and France laid the legal foundation for restitution during the war by declaring Nazi expropriations illegal. Eighteen governments signed a declaration to restore property.
|
[
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|
https://openalex.org/W4206260891
|
The Women of Israel
|
[
{
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"display_name": "Grace Aguilar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5013358833"
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[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C150152722"
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{
"display_name": "Audience measurement",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C82307848"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C25597596"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C520712124"
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{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
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{
"display_name": "Period (music)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781291010"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C534701709"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C124952713"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C24667770"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
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{
"display_name": "Jewish studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74481535"
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{
"display_name": "Art history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C52119013"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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{
"display_name": "Aesthetics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107038049"
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[
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4206260891
|
Grace Aguilar (1818–1847), a prolific nineteenth-century novelist and Jewish historian of Sephardic descent, was known for her works of fiction, but in this 1845 publication she addresses Jewish history from a female perspective. These two volumes consist of a series of biographical essays on Old Testament, Talmudic and modern Jewish women. Aguilar identifies a need for more female biography of scripture, postulating a continuity between the biblical matriarchs and the Jewish women of her generation. Addressing a female readership, Aguilar writes in a didactic and highly evangelical tone characteristic of the period, using her discussion to argue for the emancipation of Jews, particularly Jewish women, who should also have access to all Jewish religious texts. The Women of Israel is divided into seven historical periods, and this first volume deals with the first three. For more information on this author, see http://orlando.cambridge.org/public/svPeople?person_id=aguigr
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4234166916
|
Frühe NeuzeitEarly Modern History
|
[] |
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{
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[
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4234166916
|
Zusammenfassung B. Yun , Marte contra Minerva. El Precio del Imperio Español, c. 1450–1600 (J. M. Magone) 440 J. Lerbom , Mellan två riken. Integration, politisk kultur och förnationella identiteter på Gotland 1500-1700 (W. Buchholz) 442 S. Anglo , Machiavelli – The First Century. Studies in Enthusiasm, Hostility, and Irrelevance (U. Muhlack) 444 A. Landwehr , Die Erschaffung Venedigs. Raum, Bevölkerung, Mythos 1570–1750 (U. Israel) 446 M. Niendorf , Das Großfürstentum Litauen. Studien zur Nationsbildung in der Frühen Neuzeit (1569–1795) (T. Wünsch) 447 K. Frieb , Kirchenvisitation und Kommunikation. Die Akten zu den Visitationen in der Kuroberpfalz unter Ludwig VI. (1576–1583) (P. T. Lang) 450 M. Bellamy , Christian IV and his Navy. A Political and Administrative History of the Danish Navy 1596–1648 (O. Mörke) 452 P. Delpero , I Volpini, una famiglia di scultori tra Lombardia e Baviera (secoli XVII-XVIII) (J. Wiener) 453 J. Israel , Enlightenment Contested. Philosophy, Modernity, and the Emancipation of Man 1670–1752 (G. Walther) 456 S. Kroll , Soldaten im 18. Jahrhundert zwischen Friedensalltag und Kriegserfahrung. Lebenswelten und Kultur in der kursächsischen Armee 1728–1796 (A. Jendorff) 460 A. Strohmeyr , Sophie von La Roche. Eine Biografie (P. Fuchs) 462 U. Ströbele , Zwischen Kloster und Welt. Die Aufhebung südwestdeutscher Frauenklöster unter Kaiser Joseph II (H. Klueting) 463 V. Manz , Fremde und Gemeinwohl. Integration und Ausgrenzung in Spanien im Übergang vom Ancien Régime zum frühen Nationalstaat (K. Schüller) 465 J. Hösler , Von Krain zu Slowenien. Die Anfänge der nationalen Differenzierungsprozesse in Krain und der Untersteiermark von der Aufklärung bis zur Revolution 1768 bis 1848 (F.-J. Kos) 466
|
[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S162713455",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W574368656
|
Nach der Shoah : Israelisch-deutsche Theaterbeziehungen seit 1949
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Hans-Peter Bayerdörfer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5068265839"
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[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C154775046"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C110361221"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C150152722"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C91304198"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C5616717"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C74916050"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C124952713"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C15708023"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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[
"Israel"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W574368656
|
The analyses in this volume represent a continuation of those presented in -Theatralia Judaica I- on the Jewish contribution to central European theatre from the beginnings of Jewish emancipation to the advent of National Socialism. Since 1945 Jewish-German theatre relations have been marked by the Shoah and its aftermath. In the German-speaking countries the re-establishment of a theatrical culture was notable from the outset for the significant contribution made by Jewish authors and theatre artists, while in Israel the experiences of the immediate past found expression in the various forms of the Hebrew theatre tradition. Since the mid fifties there has been an increase in contacts and reciprocal relations. As shown by events such as the Fassbinder affair in Frankfurt and the reception of Sobol's work, the recurrent concern has been to address essential questions pertaining to the relationship between the two countries.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4388377032
|
History of the Jews in Modern Times
|
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
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{
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[
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4388377032
|
Abstract Lloyd Gartner presents, in chronologically-arranged chapters, the story of the changing fortunes of the Jewish communities of the Old World (in Europe and the Middle East and beyond) and their gradual expansion into the New World of the Americas. The book starts in 1650, when there were no more than one and a quarter million Jews in the world (less than a sixth of the number at the start of the Christian era). Gartner leads us through the traditions, religious laws, communities and their interactions with their neighbours, through the Enlightenment, the French Revolution, and into Emancipation, the dark shadows of anti-Semitism, the impact of World War II, bringing us up to the twentieth century through Zionism, and the foundation of Israel. Throughout, the story is powerful and engrossing - enlivened by curious detail and vivid insights. Gartner, an expert guide and scholar on the subject, writing from within the Jewish community, remains objective and effective whilst being careful to introduce and explain Jewish terminology and Jewish institutions as they appear in the text. This is a superb introductory account - authoritative, in control, lively of the central threads in one of the greatest historical tapestries of modern times.
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https://openalex.org/W1997155398
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L'emancipation des Juifs en France. Collection L'évolucion de L'humanité
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"display_name": "Jaime Pinsky",
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"display_name": "Emancipation",
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"display_name": "Art",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
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"Israel"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1997155398
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FEUERWERKER, David. L'emancipation des Juifs en France. Collection L'évolucion de L'humanité. Paris: Albin Michel, 1976, 775 pp.(primeiro parágrafo do texto)Afirmar que a série "A evolução da humanidade" tem dado, desde sua fundação, por Henri Berr, contribuição das mais expressivas para o estudo da História, é, um truísmo. As dezenas de títulos já publicados constituem-se em prova substantiva, eliminando a necessidade de qualquer adjetivação. A chamada História Judaica tem sido privilegiada na coleção. As obras de Lods e de Guignebert, notadamente Israel, das origens até meados do século VIII, do primeiro, já ultrapassaram os estreitos limites do mundo acadêmico, para adquirirem o status de leitura indispensável para qualquer interessado no tema.
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"display_name": "Revista de História",
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"type": "journal"
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{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
"type": "repository"
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https://openalex.org/W848617750
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Du bon usage d'une superpuissance le recours des nationalistes arabes a l'aide et au soutien sovietiques 1945-1961 nationalisme et communisme arabes, coexistence pacifique et jusqu'au boutisme occidental
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[
{
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"display_name": "Mohammed Hatmi",
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"display_name": "Economic history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
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{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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[
"Israel"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W848617750
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The aim of thids study is to discribe and analyse the substantial advances made by the arab nationalists to seek soviet aid and support since the end of the second world war. This study is divided into five parts. In the first a historical background of arabrussian relations since the earliest times until the first world war. In chapter two, the positive evolution of the image of the soviet union. Chapter tree is about the irrealistic policy of western powers in the middle east. In chapter for and five an analyse of the support of soviets to the struggle of nationalists regimes against western control of the area. In the first postwar years, western powers has been in search of policies in the arab world that would protect it own interests and serve the cazuse of the free world. They totally feel in their first tentatives. Some of the difficulties stem from the stresses, shifts and eruptions wich have marked the local scene, especially among the arabs at a time when they were simultaneously taken up with the struggles of political emancipation and social changes and confronted with the fact of the state of israel. Drastic changes in the situation of the middle east allows a circonstantielle allainces and political comprehension between arabs and soviets.
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https://openalex.org/W2097283797
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Ebrei e “zona di residenza” durante il regno di Alessandro II
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"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Alessandro Cifariello",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C150152722"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777063073"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C542530943"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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{
"display_name": "World Wide Web",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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"display_name": "Payment",
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[
"Israel"
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"https://openalex.org/W606453617",
"https://openalex.org/W2026020585",
"https://openalex.org/W2143464797",
"https://openalex.org/W2745142090",
"https://openalex.org/W2800148230",
"https://openalex.org/W2891861127",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2097283797
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Alessandro Cifariello Jews and “living space” during the reign of Tsar Alexander II This is the first of a series of papers written in Italian, English, and Russian, devoted to the publication of material not included in the Author’s 2009 dissertation entitled Judeophobia and the Anti-Nihilistic Novel in Russia at the End of the 19th Century . Taking as a point of departure works by leading scholars, such as Israel Bartal, Cesare G. De Michelis, Jonathan Frankel, John D. Klier, Dan Miron, Benjamin Nathans, Laura Salmon, Yohanan Petrovsky-Shtern, and Yuri Slezkine, this article aims at offering some new perspectives on the Pale of Settlement and on the history and culture of Russian Jewry during the reign of Alexander II. It highlights the laws and reforms concerning Russian Jews implemented by the Tsar’s government, and their fallout on Russian culture. The Author analyzes Jewish geography, urban space, history, legislation, reforms, society, cultural convergences and differences in the Pale of Settlement. The paper concludes with information about the 1881-1882 Russian pogroms and about how certain Jewish inhabitants of the Pale of Settlement then emigrated towards Central and Western Europe, the Middle East and the Americas. The paper discusses the commonplace of a separate Jewish space in the Pale envisaged in some late 19th and early 20th Century Yiddish literature, and describes the multicultural universe made up of several nationalities, one of which was in fact Russian Jewry, struggling for its rights and for full emancipation.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Studi Slavistici",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306531214",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2887162911
|
The Invisible Jewish Budapest: Metropolitan Culture at the Fin de Siècle, by Mary Gluck
|
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
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{
"display_name": "Humanities",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15708023"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2887162911
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Jewish Budapest is very visible today. From classy Israeli restaurants to the mimicking of Hebrew script on bar signs, Erzsébetváros—Budapest’s seventh district to which the old Jewish Budapest belongs—showcases its Jewish heritage with apparent confidence. It is also a highly contested place, as anti-Jewish sentiment has resurfaced in the social and political life of Budapest and Hungary (though some might argue it never disappeared). Self-aware Klezmer celebrations live alongside public Soros-bashing. Reading Mary Gluck’s fascinating book, it is tempting to say plus ça change. Her book on fin de siècle Budapest investigates the impact of Jewish life and culture on the development of Budapest into a cultural metropolis. Occasionally witty and always sharp, Gluck’s book gives a voice to those who helped make Budapest the modern city that we now recognise. The pivotal period of 1867 to 1873 marks the beginning of Gluck’s study. Hungarian Jews witnessed new possibilities emerging with Jewish emancipation in 1867, while the Austro-Hungarian Compromise that same year instilled fresh confidence in a more autonomous Hungarian Kingdom. In the decades that followed, Budapest (united in 1873) was transformed into a modern city by processes that highlighted the deep tensions within Hungarian society. Those who contributed towards Budapest’s rise, so Gluck argues, were often Jewish and their input remained unacknowledged yet contested. At the same time, the very vocal anti-Semites of Budapest and beyond had a different vision of Budapest, which was also dependent on this new imperial appearance of the city. For them, it was Attila’s heritage and not the modern incarnation of the city that mattered. Modern Budapest was Jewish Budapest, or the ‘sinful city’ as Miklós Horty would assert in inter-war Hungary (pp. 4, 5, 208). This is the central thesis of the book: an uneasy interplay existed between Jewish intellectuals who made the city, the city itself basking in its imperial grandeur and the possibilities given to a new hostile political culture.
|
[
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"display_name": "The English Historical Review",
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https://openalex.org/W2954912583
|
اختيار اللفظ في أشعار فدوى طوقان: دراسة تحليلية ستيلتيكية
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Najmah Najmah",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5081100107"
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[
{
"display_name": "Poetry",
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{
"display_name": "Beauty",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780620123"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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{
"display_name": "Style (visual arts)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776445246"
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{
"display_name": "Expression (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C90559484"
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{
"display_name": "Arabic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C96455323"
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{
"display_name": "Interpretation (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C527412718"
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{
"display_name": "Art",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
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{
"display_name": "Context (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474"
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{
"display_name": "Literature",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C124952713"
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{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
"display_name": "Aesthetics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107038049"
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{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Programming language",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897"
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] |
[
"Israel"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2954912583
|
مستخلص البحث
الفن الأدبي له أسلوب خاص في تعبير ما يخطر في ذهن الأديب عن الرسالة التي أراد أن ينقلها من الأحوال أو السياق. الفن الأدبي تعتبر فن الذي يحتوي فيه قيمة مميزة من خلال كتابته باستخدام لغة رائعة التي تحتوي فيه جمال التعبير. وللأدب العربي لها نظرة واسعة. ولكل أديب له لون خاص في أسلوبه التعبير الذي يمكن استخدامه لتمييز بينه وبين أدباء الآخرون .
البيانات في هذا البحث هي أشعار في ديوان الأعمال الشعرية الكاملة، وهي أديبة عربية فلسطينية تكتب عن الأشعار المقاومة ضد الإحتلال الإسرائيلي وتحرير النساء في الحياة الاجتماعية للمرأة العربية. تستخدم طريقة التوثيق لجمع البيانات، وتقنيات جمع البيانات تقنيات القراءة والإستخراج. تحلل البيانات باستخدام طريقة تحليل الدراسة الستيلستيكية.
منهج البحثي المستخدم هو المنهج الكيفى الوصفي. عن طريق الدراسة الستيلستيكية كما هو وارد في البحث. وفي البحث أرادت الباحثة أن تركز على شيئين اختيار اللفظ في أشعارها وإظهار السياق بين اللفظ والمعنى المستخرجة من أشعارها.
ونتيجة هذا البحث أن هناك ثلاثة وحدات من الدراسة الستيلستيكية التي فيها الألفاظ المتعلقة بالدراسة وهي كما يلي: عشر بيانات من الألفاظ المتقاربة في المعنى، خمس بيانات من المشترك اللفظي، وخمس بيانات من مقتضى الحال.
ABSTRACT
literary works have a special style in the expression of what the author thinks about the message he wants to convey emotionally or the context. Literary work is an art in which he has distinctive value by writing it using beautiful language that contains the beauty of expression. Arabic literature has a broad view of what is happening around the life cycle, and this is common in human, social, cultural and intellectual problems. Each writer has a special color in his expression style that can be used to distinguish it from other writers.
The data in this paper are poems in the book Full Puisi Karya, an Palestinian Arabic writer who writes about poetry resistance to the Israeli army and the emancipation of women in the social life of Arab women. Documentation methods are used to collect data, data collection techniques and reading and grouping techniques. Data were analyzed using the stylistic analysis method.
The research methodology used is descriptive qualitative. With stylistic analysis studies as in research. In this study, the researcher wanted to focus on two things: Preference of words in his poetry and the relationship between words and meanings obtained from his poetry in the analysis.
The results of this study are that there are three units of the Stalistika study where the words related to this study are ten words taraduf or diksi which have similar meanings, five words polisemi, and five words muqtadho.
ABSTRAK
karya sastra memiliki gaya khusus dalam ekspresi apa yang penulis pikirkan tentang pesan yang ia ingin disampaikan emosional atau konteksnya. sastra adalah seni di mana ia memiliki nilai khas dengan menulisnya menggunakan bahasa yang indah yang berisi keindahan ekspresi. Sastra Arab memiliki pandangan luas tentang apa yang terjadi di sekitar siklus hidup, dan hal ini biasa terjadi pada masalah manusia, sosial, budaya, dan intelektual. Setiap penulis memiliki warna khusus dalam gaya ekspresinya yang dapat digunakan untuk membedakannya dari penulis lain.
Data dalam skripsi ini adalah puisi-puisi dalam buku Karya Puisi Penuh, seorang penulis Arab asal Palestina yang menulis tentang puisi perlawanan terhadap tentara Israel dan emansipasi wanita dalam kehidupan sosial wanita Arab. Metode dokumentasi digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data, teknik pengumpulan data dan teknik membaca dan pengelompokan. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis stilistika.
Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Dengan studi analisis stilistika seperti dalam penelitian. Dalam penelitian ini , peneliti ingin fokus pada dua hal: Prefrensi kata dalam puisinya dan hubungan antara kata dan makna yang didapat dari puisinya dalam analisis.
Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa ada tiga unit dari studi stalistika di mana kata-kata yang terkait dengan penelitian ini adalah sepuluh lafadz taraduf atau diksi yang memiliki kesamaan makna, lima lafadz polisemi, dan lima lafadz muqtadho hal.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4223995302
|
David Sorkin: Jewish Emancipation: A History Across Five Centuries. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2019; pp. x + 511.
|
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4223995302
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For decades, the question of whether emancipation was good for the Jews has dominated the literature. In the wake of the Holocaust, this was a painful and urgent question. Was emancipation the breakthrough moment that opened the gates of the ghetto and elevated Jews to citizenship? Or did it bring the false promise of assimilation; the loss of community; and, ultimately, genocide? The history of Jewish emancipation, as David Sorkin states in his Jewish Emancipation: A History Across Five Centuries, has been “more likely to be extolled or excoriated than rigorously studied” (p. 3). Yet for Sorkin, emancipation, “the process of gaining and retaining, exercising and defending, losing and recovering rights” is the central pillar in modern Jewish history (p. 354). In this book, he sets out to redirect the focus away from polemic and from the events of the twentieth century that became the defining telos of the historiography. Sorkin's refocusing of the question and approach is most welcome. His is a work of impressive breadth that recasts the history and thus allows us to gain new insights and ask new questions. It is a brilliant integration and generally deep engagement with literature across a dizzying array of contexts and periods. Sorkin characterises emancipation as the acquisition of civil and political rights. Over the five centuries he covers, he tells stories of the ways in which Jews both acquired and lost rights, as well as the limitations of rights, and ongoing forms of state and non-state discrimination. For Sorkin, the history of Jewish emancipation is a “complex and multidirectional process” (p. 1). Sorkin's chosen chronology is novel. He does not begin, as so many before him have done, with the sudden and dramatic transition brought about in the status of Jews in the French Revolution. Rather, he begins his book in 1550, as Jews in Eastern and Western Europe (i.e., the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Italian city-states, and the city of Bordeaux) began to gain extensive privileges. Nor does he bring his story to an end, arguing, rather, that this history of rights gained, lost, and regained is ongoing. Sorkin's geographic coverage and conceptualisation is equally innovative. He argues that the conventional “East–West” binary, traditionally placed over the map of Europe, “neither explains the process nor fits the facts” (p. 335). Nor does he take the traditional path of placing Germany at the centre of his story. He argues that dividing Europe into three regions allows us to see distinct political practices and policies. His regions comprise Western Europe: Holland, England, and France — he also includes the Atlantic world here; Central Europe: German states and the Habsburg empire; and Eastern Europe: Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Russia, and Congress Poland. To these he adds a fourth region of emancipation, the Ottoman Empire. Over this schema, he places two legislative models of emancipation. One was conditional and partial. This was characterised by the emancipation promulgated by the Holy Roman Emperor and Habsburg ruler Joseph II, under whose model numerous restrictions, many of them onerous, remained in place, even as Jews were given rights. The other was full and unconditional, and this was normally a feature of “seismic events” (p. 355), including the French Revolution but also national unification and the restructuring of empires. In both models, Jews gained rights by moving both “into” estates, for example, being admitted to guilds; and “out of” estates, for example, dismantling the corporate Jewish community. Within this story, Sorkin also covers the engagement of Jews with these processes to some extent. He is always attentive to the connection between Jewish emancipation and the history of citizenship. Sorkin's chronology and geographic spread allow him to tell old stories in very new ways. In one chapter, he explains Nazism as the deliberate reversal of emancipation processes begun in the nineteenth century. In another brilliant chapter, he explores the establishment of the State of Israel, both as a project linked to the putative failure of the emancipation project but also as an example in itself of an ongoing process of emancipation. In this chapter, he explores the relative rights given in Israel to Jews of different origins, to Palestinians, and to women. After more than 350 pages, Sorkin presents a three-page conclusion, striking in its crystal clarity. It is worth making one's way through the book, at times being lost in detail, for the effect of his summing-up. It is not clear, though, who this book is meant for. Sorkin assumes too much background knowledge for it to be accessible to undergraduates. They would, for example, need to know who Louis-Philippe was (king of France under the July Monarchy, 1830–1848), or that there was a German occupation of France's eastern regions of Alsace-Moselle that began with the Franco–Prussian War of 1870–1871, as well as the occupation of France by German troops in World War II. Sorkin's case studies often reveal deep insights. At times, a work of this breadth must challenge the deep dives into specific contexts. As a specialist on France, I found myself surprised at his reading of the French Revolution and Napoleon's Sanhedrin. Scholars of French Jewry have emphasised the expectation that came with emancipation in France that Jews would regenerate. Sorkin ignores this, and his reading of the Sanhedrin as Napoleon's attempt to force French identity on Jews through intermarriage is unconvincing and overstated. The Jews who assembled in Paris to answer Napoleon's twelve questions refused to recommend intermarriage. They were never censured or penalised for this refusal, and the explanations of scholars, such as Paula Hyman in The Emancipation of the Jews of Alsace: Acculturation and Tradition in the Nineteenth Century (1991) and The Jews of Modern France (1998), that Napoleon wished for official assurances regarding the supremacy of French law over Jewish law are more convincing here. Finally, this is a thick book, and I understand the publisher's motivation to not include a bibliography. However, this is frustrating, particularly in a work of such extraordinarily wide research. This should not take away from what is a triumph: Jewish history needs this book, and my hope is that it will establish the re-focus Sorkin hopes for and begin new, equally important conversations.
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Reviewed by: The Scholems: A Story of the German-Jewish Bourgeoisie from Emancipation to Destruction by Jay Howard Geller Jerry Z. Muller Jay Howard Geller. The Scholems: A Story of the German-Jewish Bourgeoisie from Emancipation to Destruction. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019. 348 pp. doi:10.1017/S0364009420000343 In 1977, five years before his death, Gershom Scholem published a memoir of his youth, Von Berlin nach Jerusalem (published in English translation in 1980 as From Berlin to Jerusalem). Though it was not his focus, he touched upon the history of his family: his bourgeois parents, the printer Arthur and his wife Betty, and his three brothers. Reinhold, the eldest, became a German nationalist; the next in age, Erich, was a liberal; Werner was a radical leftist who for a few years was a Communist member of the Reichstag; and then there was Gershom himself—Gerhard until he Hebraicized his name—a committed Zionist from his youth. It no doubt occurred to more than one historian of German Jewry that the Scholems seemed to present a real-life counterpart to the fictional family depicted by Sholem Aleichem in Tevye and His Daughters, in which each child followed a different [End Page 457] and characteristic path of eastern European Jewry. Reconstructing the history of the Scholem family thus offers the possibility of portraying the various paths taken by the children of the turn-of-the-century German Jewish middle class. Jay Howard Geller has now taken up that challenge. His book has two aims. The first is to reconstruct the history of the family from its arrival in Berlin in the early nineteenth century through its dissolution through emigration and destruction during the Third Reich, with a coda surveying the later fate of the brothers and their families. The second is to use the history of the Scholem family to exemplify larger patterns—social, educational, religious, and political—in the history of the Berlin Jewish middle class (entrepreneurial and professional, below the level of the titled and the rich, but above that of the working class). The book largely succeeds in both, though there is a certain tension between the two aims—with the family drama sometimes diluted by historical generalizations. The background political narrative of each period, together with the story of the Scholem family, makes the book accessible to those without a background in modern German history, while even those familiar with German Jewish history will gain additional insights and information. Geller's reconstruction is grounded in assiduous research in archives and obscure published works, from high school yearbooks to government statistical reports. His most important source is the Gershom Scholem archive at the National Library of Israel in Jerusalem. From very early on in his life, Scholem had a sense of himself as a world historical figure—which he indeed became—and preserved not only his diaries, but also his massive correspondence. A three-volume selection of that correspondence was published in German between 1994–1999, with a one volume selection in English in 2002. Scholem published his correspondence with Walter Benjamin in 1980; an English translation appeared in 1992. In 1999 selections from Scholem's correspondence with his mother, Betty, were published. Since then, his extensive correspondence with Leo Strauss, Hannah Arendt, and Theodor Adorno has also been published. And yet this published correspondence represents only a fraction of the material in the Scholem archive: Scholem was a key node in the international Republic of Letters in the twentieth century, and his papers are a gold mine for the intellectual history of the era. Geller draws on the published as well as unpublished correspondence, primarily that of Scholem with the other members of his family. He also draws on existing biographical studies of Gershom and of Werner. The Scholem family at the center of the book had its origins in Glogau in Silesia. Its founder, Marcus Scholem, moved to Berlin in the early nineteenth century, where his son Siegfried founded a printing business. Siegfried's son, Arthur (Gershom's father), started a printing business of his own, which he ran with help from his wife, Betty—a common pattern among central European Jewish business families. Their...
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Jay Howard Geller. The Scholems: A Story of the German-Jewish Bourgeoisie from Emancipation to Destruction. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019. 348 pp.
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Reviewed by: The Scholems: A Story of the German-Jewish Bourgeoisie from Emancipation to Destruction by Jay Howard Geller Jerry Z. Muller Jay Howard Geller. The Scholems: A Story of the German-Jewish Bourgeoisie from Emancipation to Destruction. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019. 348 pp. doi:10.1017/S0364009420000343 In 1977, five years before his death, Gershom Scholem published a memoir of his youth, Von Berlin nach Jerusalem (published in English translation in 1980 as From Berlin to Jerusalem). Though it was not his focus, he touched upon the history of his family: his bourgeois parents, the printer Arthur and his wife Betty, and his three brothers. Reinhold, the eldest, became a German nationalist; the next in age, Erich, was a liberal; Werner was a radical leftist who for a few years was a Communist member of the Reichstag; and then there was Gershom himself—Gerhard until he Hebraicized his name—a committed Zionist from his youth. It no doubt occurred to more than one historian of German Jewry that the Scholems seemed to present a real-life counterpart to the fictional family depicted by Sholem Aleichem in Tevye and His Daughters, in which each child followed a different [End Page 457] and characteristic path of eastern European Jewry. Reconstructing the history of the Scholem family thus offers the possibility of portraying the various paths taken by the children of the turn-of-the-century German Jewish middle class. Jay Howard Geller has now taken up that challenge. His book has two aims. The first is to reconstruct the history of the family from its arrival in Berlin in the early nineteenth century through its dissolution through emigration and destruction during the Third Reich, with a coda surveying the later fate of the brothers and their families. The second is to use the history of the Scholem family to exemplify larger patterns—social, educational, religious, and political—in the history of the Berlin Jewish middle class (entrepreneurial and professional, below the level of the titled and the rich, but above that of the working class). The book largely succeeds in both, though there is a certain tension between the two aims—with the family drama sometimes diluted by historical generalizations. The background political narrative of each period, together with the story of the Scholem family, makes the book accessible to those without a background in modern German history, while even those familiar with German Jewish history will gain additional insights and information. Geller's reconstruction is grounded in assiduous research in archives and obscure published works, from high school yearbooks to government statistical reports. His most important source is the Gershom Scholem archive at the National Library of Israel in Jerusalem. From very early on in his life, Scholem had a sense of himself as a world historical figure—which he indeed became—and preserved not only his diaries, but also his massive correspondence. A three-volume selection of that correspondence was published in German between 1994–1999, with a one volume selection in English in 2002. Scholem published his correspondence with Walter Benjamin in 1980; an English translation appeared in 1992. In 1999 selections from Scholem's correspondence with his mother, Betty, were published. Since then, his extensive correspondence with Leo Strauss, Hannah Arendt, and Theodor Adorno has also been published. And yet this published correspondence represents only a fraction of the material in the Scholem archive: Scholem was a key node in the international Republic of Letters in the twentieth century, and his papers are a gold mine for the intellectual history of the era. Geller draws on the published as well as unpublished correspondence, primarily that of Scholem with the other members of his family. He also draws on existing biographical studies of Gershom and of Werner. The Scholem family at the center of the book had its origins in Glogau in Silesia. Its founder, Marcus Scholem, moved to Berlin in the early nineteenth century, where his son Siegfried founded a printing business. Siegfried's son, Arthur (Gershom's father), started a printing business of his own, which he ran with help from his wife, Betty—a common pattern among central European Jewish business families. Their...
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<i>Enyhülés és emancipáció: Magyarország, a szovjet blokk és a nemzetközi politika, 1944–1991</i> by Csaba Békés, [Détente and Emancipation: Hungary, the Soviet Bloc, and International Politics, 1944–1991]. Budapest: Osiris Kiadó—MTA TK, 2019. 397 pp. 4,980 HUF.
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Csaba Békés's new book, which will soon appear in English translation, is a sweeping reappraisal of the Cold War based on wide-ranging international archival research. Békés presents comprehensive theories on East-Central Europe in general and Hungary in particular.The most striking thesis in the book is a powerful reinterpretation of the connection between the Cold War and détente. Békés argues that the “first Cold War” lasted until 1953, the beginning of the thermonuclear era. After this, he maintains, a new, qualitatively different historical period emerged, which he sees as a “second Cold War” coinciding with the era of détente (1953–1991). This new model of superpower coexistence and cooperation persisted even at times of intense competition. Using the “second Cold War” framework, Békés seeks to understand and reinterpret every historical event in this context.Hungarian history from 1945 to 1989 is the guiding thread in the book and is the chief basis for Békés's proposed new paradigm. He maintains that the Hungarian revolt in 1956 was not an East-West crisis or conflict. In his view, the dominant feature of the superpowers’ relationship after 1953 was respect for the European status quo, notwithstanding their propaganda to the contrary. He argues that when clashes of interest emerged, Soviet and U.S. leaders were forced to reconcile with each other at almost any price. To illuminate the basic difference between the two types of conflict, Békés distinguishes between “genuine Cold War crises” and “pseudo-crises” (occurring within the blocs), arguing that the latter did not mean real conflictual situations pitting the two superpowers against each other.The second half of the book (chapters 5 to 10) deals with the process of what Békés labels “emancipation.” He argues that Soviet foreign policy underwent major changes from the mid-1950s on, resulting in the gradual emancipation of the East-Central European members of the Warsaw Pact from Soviet hegemony. A crucial vehicle facilitating this outcome was the “doctrine of active foreign policy,” offering these states greater leeway. The maneuvering room of Soviet-bloc countries, Békés avers, was shaped in three ways: through Soviet power, through their need for modern Western technology and loans, and through their interactions with other Warsaw Pact countries.Békés points to the specificity and typology of János Kádár's foreign policy, and he discusses international events that spurred change in East-Central Europe, looking at Hungary and the German question, the “floatation of the Brezhnev Doctrine,” and Mikhail Gorbachev's radically new approach to the Soviet bloc.Some would argue that “independent policy” is too strong a phrase, but Békés is not the only author who has claimed that the East European countries had independent foreign policies. Békés insists that new evidence about the political struggle between the Soviet Union and its East European allies indicates that the “fraternal” countries at times deviated from the hegemon. Romania, in particular, gradually shifted to an autonomous course after the Cuban missile crisis of 1962, taking wayward stances on the Sino-Soviet split, the German question, relations with Israel, and the August 1968 invasion of Czechoslovakia. Even though some of the disputes within the bloc did not flare into public view, Békés highlights the growing fissures within the Warsaw Pact.Békés, the founding director of the Cold War History Research Center in Budapest, succeeds in offering a new perspective on the Cold War in several ways. He introduces more than a dozen new or newly conceptualized terms or theoretical innovations for consideration (“quasi-Sovietized” and “pre-Sovietized” East-Central European states, “stealthy revolution,” “the Mikoyan doctrine,” “the Brest-Litovsk syndrome,” etc.). He has also dramatically revised the traditional chronology of the Cold War, splitting it into two major periods. In so doing, Békés fundamentally alters our previous understanding of the Cold War. His careful reappraisal and new concepts replace the traditional “linear” depiction of the Cold War with a multilayered and more complex account.
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The Last Synagogues in Vojvodina: Synagogues of Subotica and Novi Sad
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The Last Synagogues in Vojvodina: Synagogues of Subotica and Novi Sad Marija Pokrajac Introduction Due to the geopolitical situation when Vojvodina was a part of the former Austro-Hungarian monarchy, the existence of synagogue architecture1 there was based on the fact that during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries the Jewish community in this region experienced emancipation in terms of equality with other ethnic, religious, and national minorities. This is supported by the fact that as of 1867 the Jewish people in Vojvodina under the Austro-Hungarian Empire became equal with the rest of the population with respect to their education and professions. At the end of 1895 a law came into force according to which Judaism was given equality with all other religions.2 The Jewish people were rarely able to impose their architectural style in other countries, except in their ancient homeland of Israel. However, by the end of the nineteenth century, the Jews were no longer considered an oriental nation in Europe and became a catalyst of modernism as a cultural paradigm and embraced a new, contemporary architectural style for their religious buildings.3 That new style developed by architects in the early twentieth century within the Austro-Hungarian monarchy was that of Art Nouveau or Secession.4 It should be noted that there were two directions of Art Nouveau style [End Page 219] in these regions: the national and international style.5 When it comes to Art Nouveau architecture in Vojvodina, it was virtually indistinguishable from its Hungarian prototypes.6 A circumstance that greatly contributed to the development of the Hungarian Art Nouveau was the establishment of the ceramics factory in Pecs, coinciding with the appearance of this style.7 The factory owner, Vilmos Zsolnay (1828–1900) maintained a close relationship with architects designing in that style. In his factory, Zsolnay produced all the required details of ceramic decoration for buildings according to the exact designs of the architects.8 During the fifteen years of Hungarian Art Nouveau in Vojvodina, this style received characteristic manifestations through several art works and a few architectural monuments. The founder of the Hungarian Secession was Ödön Lehner (1845–1914), who studied in Paris and Berlin. He became an established theorist and practitioner [End Page 220] of that style who also visited London.9 Originally, he was inspired by the ethos of oriental buildings in Britain, based on those of colonial India. Later in his career, he abandoned Indian motifs and focused more on Hungarian folk traditions. The theoretical postulates of Lehner’s creativity were based on Jozef Huska’s book on Hungarian folklore, which he used as inspiration for many of his works.10 From 1900, he and a group of artists developed a building program, based on the need for more nationally rather then internationally inspired architecture.11 When the young Jewish architects gathered around Lehner, the Jewish community was given a chance to show their loyalty to the host nation by adopting the styles of their religious structures. The most famous Hungarian architects of Jewish origin, supporters of Lehner, were Marsell Komor (1868–1944), Dezső Jakab (1864–1932), and Leopold Lipót Baumhorn (1860–1932).12 Marsell Komor and Dezső Jakab were the most frequently mentioned architects working in the area of Subotica. In that city, they designed what is considered to be one of Europe’s most beautiful synagogues in the spirit of Hungarian Art Nouveau. Lipót Baumhorn also went to Novi Sad, where he executed a project for the synagogue in that city. Both synagogues in Subotica and Novi Sad were built for a group of Ashkenazi Jewish rites and neolog rituals,13 and these are now the only two surviving synagogues in Vojvodina. They became a part of the significant architectural heritage of Serbia after the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy at the end of World War I in 1918. 14 The Synagogue in Subotica The synagogue in Subotica was one of the most innovative examples of Hungarian Art Nouveau (Figure 1). It was designed by Dezső Jakab and Marcell [End Page 221] Komor. Those two architects had one of the most successful architectural practices in the country at that time...
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The King and the Catholics: England, Ireland, and the Fight for Religious Freedom, 1780–1829
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While most contemporary audiences and readers associate British monarch George III with Lin Miranda’s hit musical Hamilton, particularly the king’s show-stopping “You’ll Be Back,” few would connect Harold Pinter to the Abominable Question of Catholic Emancipation. Thanks to Pinter’s widow, Lady Antonia Fraser, and perhaps this review, however, they are now linked. It would appear that the constituencies in the battle for religious freedom from 1780 to 1829 would have nothing to do with the middle-class characters inhabiting Pinter’s plays, but a quick read of Fraser’s book shows that fashion may be the only difference between Pinter’s cast of thugs, criminals, politicos, and pugilists and the eighteenth-century British monarchy. At the heart of both authors’ work is power, and both use their razor-sharp wit to skewer the overinflated.Like Pinter’s, Fraser’s canon is multifaceted and substantial: fourteen historical nonfiction works, including two memoirs, Must You Go? My Life with Harold Pinter and My History: A Memoir of Growing Up. Her most famous historicals feature women: The Weaker Vessel: Women’s Lot in Seventeenth-Century England, The Warrior Queens, The Wives of Henry VIII, and Marie Antoinette: The Journey, which was later made into a film directed by Sofia Coppola, starring Kirsten Dunst. Her Jemima Shore mysteries were also the basis of two successful television series.A convert to Catholicism at the age of fourteen, Fraser admits that since that time, she has had a “lifelong fascination with Catholic history” (xi). Judging from Our Israeli Diary, 1978, which documents her trip with Pinter, Pinter did not. It is comical to read of Fraser’s delight in all things religious, while Pinter’s response is always one of polite disinterest.According to Fraser, The King and the Catholics continues the work she began in Faith and Treason: The Story of the Gunpowder Plot. And both address an issue she says is “timeless: the rights of people to practice their own religion” (xi). And just a few examples from the book support her claim. She begins with the Gordon Riots, which resulted in over one thousand dead and destruction to the city “that would not be surpassed until the Blitz in the Second World War” (1). Led by Lord George Gordon, the unrest was a response to the Catholic Relief Act, which gave Catholics the right to buy land, removed the persecution of priests, and permitted Catholic schools. While the act also required Catholics to take an oath of allegiance, Gordon and others thought the concession did nothing to alleviate the real threat of Catholic religious freedom—the threat of foreign political interference, or worse, from the Vatican. Fraser is quick to note, too, that the Catholics were far from innocent. She reminds us of their bloody deeds, treachery, and attempts to overthrow governments, and almost anticipating the pandemic, she includes the mention of an anti-vaxxer pope, Leo XII (132).Clearly, ignorance fueled much of the hostility. Religious differences were often just an excuse to riot: “the mere word ‘Popery’ was in fact inflammatory,” but many did not know, quoting Daniel Defoe, “whether it be a man or a horse” (3). To connect the eighteenth century to contemporary times further, during an 1826 election in Waterford, the loser, George Beresford, who argued that Catholics should be grateful to their aristocratic “natural protectors,” contested the election in a manner similar to America’s forty-fifth president (162–63). The election, by the way, was won by the behind-the-scenes work of the great emancipator, Daniel O’Connell, a Protestant sympathetic to Catholic Emancipation and who persuaded the notoriously rowdy pork butchers of Waterford to “take the pledge” and not drink until the election was won (163), in this case by a Protestant sympathetic to Catholic Emancipation.The book is filled with entertaining details about affairs, sins, missteps, waffling, politics, deals, crimes, bodily functions, and savageries, all the best bits that make British history so addictive. A friend who also read the book said, “How does Fraser find these details?” Perhaps it is her experience writing detective fiction, which certainly helps in this book. Though we all know the ending, Fraser’s artistry makes the final stages of this battle over religious freedom exciting, suspenseful, and relevant. More importantly, as an outspoken critic against the misuses of power through her political activism and her body of work, Fraser reminds us that such battles are, unfortunately, timeless, and the defense of such freedoms necessary no matter what the era.
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On the Road to Emancipation
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No AccessOn the Road to EmancipationIsacco Samuele Reggio’s Jewish and Italian Identity in 19th-century GoriziaAlessandro GraziAlessandro GraziSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.7767/9783205212904.33SectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail AboutAbstract: By addressing Isacco Samuele Reggio of Gorizia (1784–1855), one of the most prominent Italian Jewish intellectuals of the time, this paper wants to contribute a re-assessment of the importance of an Italian-ness feeling for the Jews living in the Italian portion of the Habsburg Empire, specifically in the city of Gorizia. Through an analysis of Reggio’s contributions to the journals Strenna Israelitica and L’Aurora, this paper wishes to show that a classic bipartite model does not suit Gorizia’s Jews and Reggio in particular (Italian citizen/Jewish faith) but that a tripartite model would be more appropriate (Habsburg citizen/Jewish faith/Italian language and culture). References Catalan, Tullia. “Italian Jews and the 1848–49 Revolutions: Patriotism and Multiple Identities.” The Risorgimento Revisited. Nationalism and Culture in Nineteenth-Century Italy. Eds. Silvana Patriarca and Lucy Riall. Basingstoke: Palgrave McMillan, 2012: 214–31. Google ScholarCatalan, Tullia, and Cristiana Facchini, eds. Quest. Issues in Contemporary Jewish History. Journal of Fondazione CDEC 8, 2015. Google Scholar Del Bianco Cotrozzi, Maddalena. Il Collegio Rabbinico di Padova. Un’istituzione religiosa dell’Ebraismo sulla via dell’emancipazione . Firenze: Olschki, 1995. Google Scholar Di Porto, Bruno. “Gli Ebrei nel Risorgimento.” Nuova Antologia 2136 (1980): 256–272. Google Scholar Ferrara degli Uberti, Carlotta. Fare gli Ebrei italiani. Autorappresentazioni di una minoranza (1861–1918) . Bologna: Il Mulino, 2011. Google ScholarGrazi, Alessandro. “Divergent Jewish Approaches to Italian Nationalism and Nation-Building.” The New Italy and the Jews: From Massimo D’Azeglio to Primo Levi. Eds. Jonathan Druker and L. Scott Lerner. Annali d’italianistica 36 (2018): 262–282. Google ScholarGrazi, Alessandro. “Il pensiero di Isacco Samuele Reggio tra Haskalah e Wissenschaft des Judentums.” Filosofia Ebraica in Italia (XV – XIX) . Eds. Guido Bartolucci, Libera Pisano, and Michela Torbidoni. Filosofia Italiana , 2020: 181–194. Google Scholar Grusovin, Marco. “Isacco Samuele Reggio – Rabbino e filosofo.” Quaderni Giuliani di storia XVII 2 (1996): 7–29. Google Scholar Grusovin, Marco, ed. Cultura ebraica nel Goriziano . Udine: Forum, 2007. Google Scholar Ioly Zorattini, Pier Cesare, ed. Gli Ebrei a Gorizia e a Trieste tra “ ancien régime ” ed Emancipazione . Udine: Del Bianco, 1984. Google Scholar Klein, Shira. Italy’s Jews from Emancipation to Fascism . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018. Crossref, Google ScholarLevi, David. Ahasvero nell’isola del diavolo: versi, preceduti da uno studio sull’ebraismo e la rivoluzione francese. Torino: R. Streglio, 1898. Google Scholar Luzzatto, Samuel David. Epistolario italiano, francese e latino . Padua: Salmin, 1890. Google Scholar Luzzatto Voghera, Gadi. “Aspetti della cultura ebraica in Italia nel secolo XIX.” Storia d’Italia. Annali 22. Gli Ebrei in Italia . Ed. Attilio Milano. Torino: Einaudi, 1997: 1215–1244. Google Scholar Luzzatto Voghera, Gadi. Il prezzo dell’uguaglianza. Il dibattito sull’emancipazione degli Ebrei in Italia (1781–1848). Milano: Franco Angeli, 1998. Google ScholarMalkiel, David. “New light on the career of Isaac Samuel Reggio.” The Jews of Italy, 2000: 276–303. Google ScholarMalkiel, David. “Renaissance in the Graveyard: The Hebrew Tombstones of Padua and Ashkenazic Acculturation in Sixteenth-Century Italy.” AJS Review 37 (2013): 333–370. Crossref, Google Scholar Marušič, Branko. “La stampa periodica italiana e gli sloveni nella contea di Gorizia (1774–1850).” Ricerche slavistiche 58.12 (2014): 513–524. Google Scholar Milano, Attilio. “Un secolo di stampa periodica ebraica in Italia.” La Rassegna Mensile d’Israel 12 (1938): 96–133. Google ScholarMilano, Attilio. Storia degli Ebrei in Italia. Turin: Einaudi, 1963. Google ScholarMomigliano, Arnaldo. Pagine ebraiche. Turin: Einaudi, 1987. Google Scholar Pelli, Moshe. “Ktav Ha’et Ha’ivri shel Chochmat Israel Be-Galizia vebe-Italia.” Qesher 38 (2009): 77–86. Google Scholar Reggio, Isacco Samuele. “Liberalismo.” L’Aurora 6, 13 Aug. 1848: 23–24. Google Scholar Reggio, Isacco Samuele. “Schiarimenti.” L’Aurora 13, 23 Aug. 1848: 51–52. Google Scholar Reggio, Isacco Samuele. “Schiarimenti.” L’Aurora 29, 12 Sep. 1848: 115–116. Google ScholarReggio, Isacco Samuele. “Mendelssohn e Lavater.” Strenna Israelitica I, 1852: 63–77. Google Scholar Richetti, Elia. “Cultura ebraica a Gorizia.” Ebrei e Mitteleuropa . Ed. Quirino Principe. Gorizia: Shakespear&Co., 1984. Google ScholarRoth, Cecil. The History of the Jews of Italy. Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society of America, 1946. Google ScholarSeitz, G.B. “Notizie.” L’Aurora 1, 8 Aug. 1848: 1–3. Google Scholar Seitz, G.B. “Contribuenti volontari per la Guardia Nazionale.” L’Aurora 15, 25 Aug. 1848: 60. Google Scholar Seitz, G.B. “Congedo.” L’Aurora 30, 13 Sep. 1848: 119–120. Google Scholar Tamani, Giuliano. “Isacco Samuele Reggio e l’illuminismo ebraico.” Gli ebrei a Gorizia e a Trieste tra “Ancien Regime” ed emancipazione. Ed. Pier Cesare Ioly Zorattini. Udine: Del Bianco, 1984: 29–40. Google Scholar Vielmetti, Nikolaus. “Das Collegio Rabbinico von Padua.” Wissenschaft des Judentums; Anfänge der Judaistik in Europa. Ed. Julius Carlebach. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1992. Google Scholar Previous chapter Next chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Download book coverSchriften des Centrums für Jüdische StudienVolume 37 1st editionISBN: 978-3-205-21288-1 eISBN: 978-3-205-21290-4HistoryPublished online:October 2021 PDF download
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Grundlegung der positiven Philosophie, and: F. W. J. Schelling: Briefe und Dokumente Band II, 1775-1803 (review)
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BOOK REVIEWS 265 Jews to their respective non-Jewish majoritieswa trend which they denounced as a major threat to Jewish survival. While admitting that this offshoot of the German-Jewish ghetto, turned into a representative figure of the German Enlightenment, was himself a loyal Jew, they pointed out that he was unable to keep his own children and grandchildren (including the famous composer Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy) within the Jewish fold. Our generation is likely to take a more balanced view. We are increasingly realizing that Jewish Emancipation was not the achievement of any one man or any single generation , but a slow historic process progressing from one country to another in different stages. We are inclined to view it as an historic necessity for the modern state even more than for the modern Jew. Not surprisingly, in the turmoil of the Two World Wars, the great Holocaust, and the epochal rise of the State of Israel, the philosopher of Dessau has become almost a "forgotten man." We must be doubly grateful, therefore, to Professor Alexander Altmann for having, through dedicated labor of many years, rekindled our interest in this remarkable personality who, in his humble way, left a permanent imprint on modern Jewry. A former Officiating rabbi and in more recent years an influential educator and author of many monographic studies in the history of Jewish philosophy, Altmann has here presented what may indeed become the definitive biography of Mendelssohn. After a gigantic effort to assemble an enormous amount of first-hand documentation, much of it hitherto unpublished, the author was able to present a vivid picture of the man against the background of an intellectually effervescent society of Prussian Jews and nonJews . The reader will find here much new information on Mendelssohn's controversy with the Zurich pastor, Johann Kaspar Lavater, who had challenged him to adopt Christianity (pp. 209 frO; on his epoch-making German translation of the Pentateuch (pp. 368 ft.); on his numerous friendships, including those with the famous poet, Gotthold Ephraim Lessing and Christian Wilhelm Dohm, who under his influence wrote a most influential tract on the reform of the Jewish legal status; and his numerous philosophical tracts. In short, even our fast-moving generation will find the reading of this lucidly written and often eloquent volume highly rewarding. Despite the author's warning that he did not attempt to assess Mendelssohn's "significance from the hindsight of historical perspective or to trace his image in subsequent generations," the reader will find in this work much that is completely "relevant" to his own problems today. SALOW. BARON Columbia University Grundlegung der positiven Philosophie. By Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling. Herausgegeben und kommentiert yon Horst Fuhrmans. (Torino: Bottega d'Erasmo, 1972. Pp. 493) F. W. J. Schelling: Brie/e und Dokumente, Band II, 1775-1803. Zusatzband herausgegeben yon Horst Fuhrmans. (Bonn: Bouvier Verlag, 1973. Pp. xvi+555. DM 78) Horst Fuhrmans has written two books and a number of fine articles on the middle and late philosophies of Schelling, but his greatest contribution to Schelling studies might very well be his many text editions. After the discovery of two unknown versions of the Ages o/the WorM, published afterwards as the Nachlassband of the Jubileumausgabe, he presented the scholars of German idealism and romanticism with a bulky volume of letters (subsequently followed by a marvelous critical edition of the correspondence between Schelling and Cotta). More recently he has been able to print the whole Kollegnachschrfft of the Initia Philosophiae Universae (I 82t). His latest publications fall in the same line: a Kollegnachschrifl of the Foundation o[ Positive Philosophy and another volume of letters and personal documents. 266 HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY When K. F. A. Scbelling took up the edition of his father's works, following the latter's instructions he endeavored to present the Spiitphilosophie in its most complete form. He printed therefore mainly the manuscripts of the 'forties and the 'fifties. From the second Munich period (1827-1841) he only chose two very important and extensive fragments: the history of modem philosophy and the exposition of philosophical empiricism. However , in general he left out important texts on the doctrine of God and on the positive philosophy...
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Australia and the United Nations
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2315568355
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Australia and the United Nations. China and the United Nations. Italy and the United Nations. Pakistan and the United Nations. Turkey and the United Nations Get access Harper N.— Sissons D.Australia and the United Nations. Pp. 423.China and the United Nations. China Institute of International Affairs. Pp. xi, 285.Italy and the United Nations. Italian Society for International Organization. Pp. xiii, 208Hasan K. S.Pakistan and the United Nations. National Studies on International Organization. Prepared for the Pakistan Institute of International Affairs and the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Pp. ix, 328.Turkey and the United Nations. Institute of International Relations of the Faculty of Political Sciences at the University of Ankara. National Studies on International Organization. Prepared for the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Pp. xii, 228. New York: Manhattan Publishing Company, 1959, 1960, 1961. Ignaz Seidl-Hohenveldern Ignaz Seidl-Hohenveldern *Professor of Law, University of Saarbrücken Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The American Journal of Comparative Law, Volume 11, Issue 1, Winter 1962, Pages 125–128, https://doi.org/10.2307/838571 Published: 01 January 1962
|
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https://openalex.org/W4200446441
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<b>Sinan Ülgen:</b> Redefining the U.S.-Turkey Relationship. Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Juli 2021
|
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4200446441
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Article Sinan Ülgen: Redefining the U.S.-Turkey Relationship. Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Juli 2021 was published on December 1, 2021 in the journal SIRIUS – Zeitschrift für Strategische Analysen (volume 5, issue 4).
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https://openalex.org/W2607498628
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Benefits and Burdens: A Report on the West Bank and Gaza Strip Economies since 1967
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2607498628
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Journal Article Benefits and Burdens: A Report on the West Bank and Gaza Strip Economies since 1967 Get access Benefits and Burdens: A Report on the West Bank and Gaza Strip Economies since 1967. By Brian Van Arkadie. New York: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. 1977. 164 pp. Pb: $3.75. Elizabeth Monroe Elizabeth Monroe Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 54, Issue 1, January 1978, Pages 150–151, https://doi.org/10.2307/2615538 Published: 01 January 1978
|
[
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https://openalex.org/W2586248049
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Brian Van Arkadie, Benefits and Burdens: A Report on the West Bank and Gaza Strip Economies Since 1967 (New York: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1977). xi + 164 pp. tables. $3.75 paper.
|
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2586248049
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Brian Van Arkadie, Benefits and Burdens: A Report on the West Bank and Gaza Strip Economies Since 1967 (New York: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1977). xi + 164 pp. tables. $3.75 paper. - Volume 12 Issue 2
|
[
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