Datasets:

may-ohta
/

kftt

Dataset card Data Studio Files Files and versions Community

Split (4)

train · 440k rows

translation translation
{ "en": "Holy water rack", "ja": "閼伽棚" }
{ "en": "Vajra", "ja": "金剛杵" }
{ "en": "Zen-sho (禅ショウ)", "ja": "禅ショウ" }
{ "en": "Bukki (Buddhist flag)", "ja": "仏旗" }
{ "en": "Bonsho (temple bell)", "ja": "梵鐘" }
{ "en": "Mokugyo (fish-shaped wooden temple drum)", "ja": "木魚" }
{ "en": "Mokusho (a round wooden drum)", "ja": "木柾" }
{ "en": "Kin (inverted copper or iron bell shaped like a bowl (sounded when reciting sutras))", "ja": "磬" }
{ "en": "Inkin (a hand-held bell shaped like a small bowl, mounted on a handle and hit by a metal striker)", "ja": "印金" }
{ "en": "Shakujo (metal rings)", "ja": "錫杖" }
{ "en": "Uchiwa-daiko (prayer drum)", "ja": "団扇太鼓" }
{ "en": "Kesa (Buddhist stool) and hangesa (half-sized Buddhist stool) and Ryaku kataginu (Buddhist stall wear around the neck)", "ja": "袈裟・半袈裟・略肩衣" }
{ "en": "Juzu", "ja": "数珠" }
{ "en": "Nyoi (metal stick which monks hold while preaching)", "ja": "如意" }
{ "en": "Shippei (bamboo stick used to strike mediators into greater wakefulness)", "ja": "竹箆" }
{ "en": "Chukei (ceremonial folding fan)", "ja": "中啓（扇子）" }
{ "en": "Birobo (毘炉帽)", "ja": "毘炉帽" }
{ "en": "Oryoki set (Zen style three bowl cuisine)", "ja": "応量器" }
{ "en": "Zafu (round cushion used for Zen meditation)", "ja": "坐蒲" }
{ "en": "Maniguruma (prayer wheel)", "ja": "マニ車" }
{ "en": "Setsuna is one of the Buddhist concepts of time and is the briefest unit of time in Buddhism.", "ja": "刹那（せつな、Sktksana）は仏教の時間の概念の1つで、最小単位を表す。" }
{ "en": "It is also known as nen.", "ja": "念とも。" }
{ "en": "There are various theories as to the length of setsuna, however it is said that there are 65 setsuna in the space of one click of the fingers, and also in the \"Mahavibhasa-sastra\" (a Buddhist document) it states that 24 hours = 30 mukoritta (1 mukoritta is 2880 seconds) = 900 robaku (1 robaku is 96 seconds) = 54,000 tasetsuna (1 tasetsuna is 1.6 seconds) = 6,480,000 setsuna and the length of one setsuna is 1/75th of a second.", "ja": "刹那の長さについては諸説あるが、指をひとはじきする（弾指）間に65刹那あると言われているほか、『大毘婆沙論』では、24時間30牟呼栗多900臘縛54,000怛刹那6,480,000刹那とし、1刹那の長さを1/75秒に比定している。" }
{ "en": "However, Nagarjuna (an Indian philosopher), originator of Yuishiki doctrine, rejects the concept of determining a specific length of time for setsuna.", "ja": "しかし、唯識の開祖である龍樹は、刹那に具体的な時間的長さを設定する思想を否定している。" }
{ "en": "According to the Sarvastivadin school which is a sect of Theravada Buddhism, human consciousness is the mind repeatedly emerging and ceasing in the period of one setsuna.", "ja": "上座部仏教の一宗派である説一切有部では、人間の意識は一刹那の間に生成消滅（刹那消滅）を繰り返す心の相続運動であるとする。" }
{ "en": "In response to this, Dogen, a priest in the Soto sect, preached in \"Shobogenzo\" and 'Hotsubodaishin' (Awakening the Mind of Enlightenment) works that the meaning of seeking enlightenment practicing meditation puts such impermanence first, and because it is always changing, the bad is extinguished and good is born.", "ja": "それについて曹洞宗の道元は、『正法眼蔵』の「発菩提心」巻で、悟りを求める意志も、悟りを開こうとするのもその無常性を前にするからであり、常に変化するからこそ、悪が消滅し、善が生まれるのであると説く。" }
{ "en": "Setsuna is used as a numerical unit in countries that use the Chinese writing system.", "ja": "刹那は漢字文化圏では数の単位としても用いられている。" }
{ "en": "The value of Setsuna differs across the ages and regions, however nowadays it is 10-18(0.000000000000000001), or one-tenth of a dantsu or ten times a rittoku.", "ja": "刹那がいくつを示すかは時代や地域により異なるが、現在では10-18(100京分の1)で、弾指の10分の1、六徳の10倍に当たる。" }
{ "en": "In Japanese, the word 'setsunai' which means painful or distressing has no relationship to Setsuna, and is derived from the Chinese character for setsu which means to feel strongly, as can be seen in the way it is written with different characters than Setsuna..", "ja": "日本語で「つらくやるせない」という意味の「せつない」という言葉は刹那とは無関係であり、「切ない」とも表記するように「強く思うこと」を表す漢語の「切」（せつ）に由来している。" }
{ "en": "Jiin Sho-Hatto is a general term for a set of regulations that applied to the Buddhist religious community in the Tokugawa Shogunate in the Edo period.", "ja": "寺院諸法度（じいんしょはっと）は、江戸時代、徳川幕府が仏教教団に対して定めた諸法度の総称である。" }
{ "en": "However, as there is no fixed proper name, several names such as 'Shoshu Jiin Hatto' (Acts Relating to the Temples of Each Sect) and 'Shoshu Sho-honzan Hatto' (Acts Relating to the Head Temple of Each Sect) have also been used formally.", "ja": "ただ、定まった呼称はなく、文献によっては「諸宗寺院法度（しょしゅうじいんはっと）」・「諸宗諸本山法度（しょしゅうしょほんざんはっと）」などの呼称が用いられる事もある。" }
{ "en": "While the Edo bakufu (the Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) adopted a policy to respect Confucianism, particularly Neo-Confucianism, it promulgated the Jiin Sho-Hatto for Buddhist priests belonging to each sect with the aim of controlling those priests, as well as approving the ownership of temple estates and promoting the maintenance of Buddhist temples.", "ja": "儒教、とりわけ朱子学を重んじる政策をとった江戸幕府も、その一方で、寺領を安堵し、伽藍の整備をも推進していたが、それと同時に僧侶の統制をはかる目的から、各宗の僧に対して設けられたのが、寺院諸法度である。" }
{ "en": "In relation to the Zen sect, following acts were each promulgated one by one.", "ja": "禅宗の場合、以下の法度が順次、発令された。" }
{ "en": "Sotoshu Hatto (Act for the Soto sect), 1612", "ja": "曹洞宗法度（1612年）" }
{ "en": "Chokkyo shie no Hatto (Act prohibiting the Imperial Court from granting purple Buddhist robes to high-rank priests), 1613", "ja": "勅許紫衣之法度（1613年）" }
{ "en": "Gozan-Jissatsu Shozan Hatto (Act for the five first-class temples, ten second-class temples and many third-class temples), 1615", "ja": "五山十刹諸山法度（1615年、以下同）" }
{ "en": "Myoshinji Hatto (Act for Myoshin-ji Temple), 1615", "ja": "妙心寺法度" }
{ "en": "Eiheiji Hatto (Act for Eihei-ji Temple), 1615", "ja": "永平寺法度" }
{ "en": "Daitokuji Hatto (Act for Daitoku-ji Temple), 1615", "ja": "大徳寺法度" }
{ "en": "Sojiji Hatto (Act for Soji-ji Temple), 1615", "ja": "総持寺法度" }
{ "en": "With the promulgation of Gozan-Jissatsu Shozan Hatto, the traditional posts of 'Rokuon Soroku' (the highest-ranking priest responsible for taking charge of managing personal affairs, ranking temples and other duties) and 'Inryoshiki' (officer of correspondence between Shogun and Soroku) were abolished, and instead a new post of 'Konchiin Soroku' (Soroku of Konchi-in sub temple of Nanzen-ji Temple) was established by appointing Suden of Kokui no saisho (a priest who has influence in politics) to the post in 1619.", "ja": "五山十刹諸山法度においては、従来の「（鹿苑）僧録」、「蔭涼職」が廃止され、1619年、江戸に「（金地院）僧録）」が新設され、黒衣の宰相崇伝が任命された。" }
{ "en": "Initially, the Edo bakufu tried to control the entire Zen sect through this new Soroku, although the leadership had a direct effect only on the Gozan-ha (group of five first-class temples in Zen sect).", "ja": "その当初は、この新たな僧録によって禅宗全体の統制をはかったが、その統率は五山派のみにしか及ばなかった。" }
{ "en": "After the death of Suden, the jisha-bugyo (magistrate of temples and shrines), which was established in 1635, took charge of the management of temples, with the result that the authority of the Soroku was further reduced.", "ja": "崇伝没後の1635年、寺社奉行が設けられると、寺院の管掌は寺社奉行が取り仕切ることとなり、僧録の権限は更に縮小されることとなった。" }
{ "en": "Basically, the Soroku position evolved into that of Furegashira (post dealing with orders and negotiation arising from the jisha-bugyo) of the Gozan-ha.", "ja": "基本的には、五山派の触頭を職掌とすることとなる。" }
{ "en": "With the enactment of Jiin Sho-Hatto to control the priests, the Edo bakufu also established 'Terauke seido' (the system of organizing whole temples in Japan with the registration of follower families) and 'Honmatsu seido' (the system of head and branch temples) aiming to firmly control Buddhism.", "ja": "また、幕府は、僧侶を統制するために寺院諸法度を設けると共に、「寺請制度」や「本末制度」を整備することで、仏教に対する積極的な統制をはかった。" }
{ "en": "Wakei Seijaku (literally meaning harmony, respect, purity and tranquility) is a slogan emphasized in Sado (Japanese tea ceremony), which is particularly respected in the House of Sen through the 'Shiki' (Four Principles of Tea) as laid down by SEN no Rikyu.", "ja": "和敬清寂（わけいせいじゃく）とは、茶道において強調されている標語で、特に千家では千利休の定めた「四規」として重要視している。" }
{ "en": "This slogan, however, is not academically accepted as being directly attributable to Rikyu, because there is no description about it in any credible material compiled in the period contemporaneous with Rikyu.", "ja": "しかし利休と同時代の確かな資料には見られないことから、学術的には利休の言葉としては認められていない。" }
{ "en": "The recent study by Chuzo MACHIDA, 'The Background of the Establishment of the Nanpo-roku (the Secret Book of Rikyu) and the Birth of the Rikyu Myth' (reported in \"No.9 of Chanoyu Bunka-Gaku (The Study of the Culture of Tea Ceremony), 2004), pursues the possibility that the term 'Wakei Seijaku' should be attributed to Daishin Gito (1657 - 1730), the 273rd chief priest of Daitoku-ji Temple.", "ja": "近年の町田忠三氏の研究「『南方録』成立背景と利休虚像の誕生」（『茶の湯文化学』9号所収／2004）では、「和敬清寂」という言葉を作ったのが大徳寺273世の大心義統（1657－1730）であるという可能性を検討している。" }
{ "en": "Note: The four-Chinese character idiom Wakei Seijaku (和敬清寂) is often mistakenly written as 和敬静寂.", "ja": "注意：　「和敬清寂」という四字熟語は、「和敬静寂」と書かれることが多いが、この「静」の字は誤り。" }
{ "en": "Genkitsu SANYO (1548 - June 19, 1612) was a Zen priest who was active during the period from the Azuchi-Momoyama period to the early Edo period.", "ja": "三要元佶（さんようげんきつ,天文(元号)17年（1548年）-慶長17年5月20日(旧暦)（1612年6月19日））は、安土桃山時代から江戸時代初頭にかけて活躍した禅僧である。" }
{ "en": "He was originally from Hizen Province (Saga Prefecture).", "ja": "肥前国（佐賀県）の出身。" }
{ "en": "His Go (pen name) was Kanshitsu.", "ja": "号は閑室。" }
{ "en": "He was called Kicchoro or Kanshitsu Osho.", "ja": "佶長老、閑室和尚と呼ばれた。" }
{ "en": "He went up to the capital in his childhood and became a priest at Iwakura Entsu-ji Temple (Kyoto City).", "ja": "幼少時に都に上り、岩倉の円通寺(京都市)で得度する。" }
{ "en": "After assuming the position of the head of Ashikaga School, he attended Ieyasu TOKUGAWA during the Battle of Sekigahara and at its front, he distinguished himself by conducting divination (using bamboo divination sticks).", "ja": "足利学校の長となるが、関ヶ原の戦いの折には徳川家康の陣中に随行し、占筮によって功績をたてた。" }
{ "en": "He assumed the position of Jisha-bugyo (a commissioner of temples and shrines) along with Konchiin Suden and thereafter, he succeeded Jotai SAISHO as a responsible officer of Shuinjo (shogunate license to trade) related jobs and was involved in shuinsen (shogunate-licensed trading ship) related jobs.", "ja": "金地院崇伝と寺社奉行の任に当たり、西笑承兌の後を引き継いで朱印状の事務取扱の役目に就くなど、朱印船のことにも関わった。" }
{ "en": "Later, he was invited by Ieyasu to a school in Fushimi-ku Ward, founded Enko-ji Temple and strived for the publication of the Fushimi edition.", "ja": "家康によって、伏見区の学校に招かれ、円光寺の開山ともなり、伏見版の出版に尽力する。" }
{ "en": "Dohaku MANZAN (1635 - 1715) was a priest of Soto Sect in the early Edo period.", "ja": "卍山道白（まんざんどうはく。寛永11年（1635年）-正徳(日本)5年（1715年））は江戸初期の曹洞宗僧侶。" }
{ "en": "He was originally from Bingo Province (present Hiroshima Prefecture).", "ja": "備後国（現在の広島県）出身。" }
{ "en": "His secular surname was Fujii.", "ja": "俗姓は藤井氏。" }
{ "en": "His Go (pen name) was Dojin FUKKO.", "ja": "復古道人と号する。" }
{ "en": "At the age of 10, he entered the Buddhist priesthood under the guidance of Dohan ISSEN of Ryuko-ji Temple.", "ja": "10歳で龍興寺の一線道播について得度。" }
{ "en": "When Dohan resigned from the post at Ryuko-ji Temple, Dohaku accompanied him and went to the east region of Japan.", "ja": "龍興寺を退任した道播にしたがって東下する。" }
{ "en": "He practiced Zen meditation under Bunshun KOSHU and Soko GESSHU.", "ja": "高秀文春、月舟宗胡らの下に参禅。" }
{ "en": "He succeeded the teachings of Soko GESSHU.", "ja": "月舟宗胡の法を嗣ぐ。" }
{ "en": "As the successor of Soko, he assumed the position of the chief priest of Daijo-ji Temple in Kaga Province (present Ishikawa Prefecture).", "ja": "宗胡の後席として加賀国（現在の石川県）大乗寺の住職となる。" }
{ "en": "Along with his mentor priest Soko and Zuiho MENZAN, he advocated the restoration of the sect's tradition and strived for the rehabilitation of shiho (succession of the lineage of sect) and kiku (regulations) in the sect.", "ja": "師僧宗胡、面山瑞方らと共に宗統復興を唱え宗門の嗣法・規矩の更正に尽力した。" }
{ "en": "In the Soto Sect at that time, other than Hoto (the lineage of sect) that was inherited from a mentor priest to a disciple by means of menju (face to face transmission) (nin-po), there was also another Hoto that was inherited by means of succeeding the position of chief priest of a temple (garan-ho), and under such circumstances, there were a variety of abuses resulting from such confusion.", "ja": "当時の曹洞宗では師僧から弟子に面授される法統（人法）の他に、寺院の住職を継ぐことによって伝えられる法統（伽藍法）があるとされ、両者の混乱から様々な弊害を生じていた。" }
{ "en": "Under such circumstances, Dohaku and others asserted that only menju shiho of isshi-insho (a rule whereby a priest who received menju from his mentor priest shall not change his mentor priest during his whole life) (nin-po), which the founder Dogen valued, should be regarded as legitimate.", "ja": "これに対し、道白らは宗祖道元が尊重した一師印証の面授嗣法（人法）のみを正統とするべきであると訴えた。" }
{ "en": "The campaign by Dohaku and others affected Jisha-bugyo (a commissioner of temples and shrines) and their objectives were accomplished when Eihei-ji Temple law and Soji-ji Temple law were enacted.", "ja": "道白らの運動は寺社奉行を動かし、永平寺法度・總持寺法度の制定によって達成された。" }
{ "en": "He also rearranged and revamped the sect's kiku, which had been corrupted, following Ryuki INGEN's 'Obaku Shingi' (Chinese Characters as Symbols in the Huanboquingui).", "ja": "また、隠元隆きの「黄檗清規」を手本として、乱れを生じていた宗派の規矩を整理、刷新を図った。" }
{ "en": "Daijo-ji Temple, of which the chief priest was Dohaku, became known as the temple of rigid kiku and was called 'Kikudaijo.'", "ja": "道白の大乗寺は厳正な規矩で知られるようになり「規矩大乗」と呼ばれた。" }
{ "en": "In 1689, Kozen, the chief priest of Eihei-ji Temple, asked Dohaku and others to become advisors for restoring soki (the rules of the temple) and the reform initiated by Dohaku gradually took root in the sect.", "ja": "元禄2年（1689年）には永平寺住職晃全が叢規復興にあたって道白らに顧問を要請するなど刷新は宗派内に着実に定着していった。" }
{ "en": "On the other hand, Tenkei Denson and others criticized Dohaku, who tried to apply seiki (regulations) of the other sect (Obaku Sect) instead of traditional regulations established by Dogen, as 'formalism' and there were debates among them.", "ja": "しかし一方で天桂伝尊などが、道元以来の宗規に拠らず他流（黄檗宗）の清規を当てはめようとした道白を「形式主義」と批判し、論争をよんだ。" }
{ "en": "These debates, however, activated the study of sect teachings and the revision and publication of sect code, and produced many achievements in Soto Sect.", "ja": "これらの論争は曹洞宗における宗学研究、宗典の校訂・出版を活性化させ多くの業績を生む原動力となった。" }
{ "en": "Dohaku himself was engaged in compiling \"Shohogenzo\" (Treasury of the Eye of True Teaching) at Daijo-ji Temple and his work Manzanbon (89 volumes) still exists.", "ja": "道白自身も大乗寺において道元の『正法眼蔵』の編集を行い、卍山本（89巻本）として現在に残されている。" }
{ "en": "After handing over Daijo-ji Temple to Shushin MYOSHU, he lived in seclusion at Kozen-ji Temple in Settsu Province (present Osaka Prefecture).", "ja": "大乗寺を明州珠心にゆずった後、摂津国（現在の大阪府）の興禅寺に隠棲した。" }
{ "en": "In 1694, he was asked to restore Genkoan Temple, an ancient temple of Rinzai Sect located in Yamashiro Province, and converted it to a temple of Soto Sect.", "ja": "元禄7年（1694年）、請われて山城国（現在の京都府）の臨済宗の古刹、源光庵を復興し、曹洞宗にあらためた。" }
{ "en": "Emperor Reigen, who came to know the reputation of Dohaku, invited him for monbo (hearing of Buddhism teachings) but he declined with the excuse of illness.", "ja": "道白の高名をきいた霊元天皇が、問法のため招請したが病と称して辞退した。" }
{ "en": "The Cloistered Emperor, who felt regret, bestowed cotton which he possessed.", "ja": "惜しんだ法皇は手許品の綿を下賜したという。" }
{ "en": "In 1715, Dohaku died of illness at the age of 80.", "ja": "正徳5年（1715年）、80歳で病没。" }
{ "en": "Myoe (February 28, 1173 - February 18, 1232) was a Buddhist monk of Kegon Sect in the early Kamakura period.", "ja": "明恵（みょうえ、承安(日本)3年1月8日(旧暦)（1173年2月21日）-寛喜4年1月19日(旧暦)（1232年2月11日））は、鎌倉時代前期の華厳宗の僧。" }
{ "en": "His hoi (imina (personal name) used by Buddhist priests) was Koben.", "ja": "法諱は高弁（こうべん）。" }
{ "en": "He was also called Myoe Shonin or Toganoo Shonin.", "ja": "明恵上人・栂尾上人とも呼ばれる。" }
{ "en": "TAIRA no Shigekuni.", "ja": "平重国。" }
{ "en": "His mother was a daughter of Muneshige YUASA.", "ja": "母は湯浅宗重の娘。" }
{ "en": "He was born in the present Aritagawa-cho, Wakayama Prefecture.", "ja": "現在の和歌山県有田川町生まれ。" }
{ "en": "He lost his parents when he was 4 years old and became the priest of Jingo-ji Temple on Mt. Takao with Jokaku, a disciple of Bunkaku, being his mentor.", "ja": "4歳にして両親を失い、高雄山神護寺に文覚の弟子上覚を師として出家。" }
{ "en": "He studied Shingon Esoteric Buddhism and Kegon Sect at Ninna-ji Temple and Toda-ji Temple and showed great promise as a priest, but he abandoned the connection with secular society and lived in seclusion at Shirakami, Arita-gun in Kii Province and Ikadachi in the same Province.", "ja": "仁和寺‧東大寺で真言密教や華厳を学び、将来を嘱望されたが俗縁を絶ち紀伊国有田郡白上や同国筏立に遁世した。" }
{ "en": "As he yearned for Shakyamuni very much, he twice planned to travel to India but finally gave up because of the oracle of Kasuga Myojin (the deity of Kasuga Shrine).", "ja": "釈迦への思慕の念が深く2度天竺（インド）へ渡ることを企画したが、春日明神の神託が在り断念した。" }
{ "en": "In 1206, he founded Kozan-ji Temple when Toganoo of Yamashiro Province was given to him by the retired Emperor Gotoba and strove for kangyo (practice of observation and contemplation) and study.", "ja": "1206年（建永元年）後鳥羽上皇から山城国栂尾（とがのお）を下賜されて高山寺を開山し、観行と学問にはげんだ。" }
{ "en": "He highly valued Buddhist precepts and endeavored for the restoration of kenmitsu (exoteric and Esoteric Buddhism) against the increase of nenbutsu (Buddhist invocation) supporters.", "ja": "戒律を重んじ、念仏の信徒の進出に対抗し、顕密諸宗の復興に尽力した。" }
{ "en": "He left many writings including \"Zaijarin\" (A Wheel for Pulverizing Heresy) and \"Shizakoshiki\" (a chant composed of four formulas), both of which criticized Honen's Jodo Sect, \"Yumeki,\" which recorded dreams which he had during his 40 years' kangyo, and \"Kyakuhaiboki,\" which was taken in notes by his disciples.", "ja": "法然の浄土宗を批判した『摧邪輪（ざいじゃりん）』『四座講式』の著作や、40年にも及ぶ観行での夢想を記録した『夢記』などがあり、弟子の筆記による『却廃忘記』など数多くの著書がある。" }
{ "en": "He also excelled in waka (a 31-syllable Japanese poem) and \"Myoe Shonin Waka-shu\" is a collection of his waka.", "ja": "和歌もよくし家集『明恵上人和歌集』がある。" }
{ "en": "Jogyo (also known as Teigyo, March 25, 1186 - April 3, 1231) was a monk living from the end of the Heian period to the beginning of the Kamakura period.", "ja": "貞暁（じょうぎょう／ていぎょう、文治2年2月26日(旧暦)（1186年3月18日）-寛喜3年2月22日(旧暦)（1231年3月27日）は平安時代末期から鎌倉時代初期にかけての僧侶。" }
{ "en": "He was the third son (out of wedlock) of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo.", "ja": "源頼朝の三男（庶子）。" }
{ "en": "His mother was Daishin no Tsubone, a daughter of the Hitachi-nyudo monk Nensai (also called by the names FUJIWARA no Tokinaga and Tomomune DATE), the founder of the Date family.", "ja": "母は伊達氏の祖と言われる常陸入道念西（藤原時長、伊達朝宗）の娘・大進局。" }
{ "en": "He was himself also known as Kamakura Hoin (the highest rank in the hierarchy of Buddhist priests).", "ja": "通称を鎌倉法印といった。" }
{ "en": "Biography", "ja": "生涯" }
{ "en": "His mother, Daishin no Tsubone, was a lady's maid serving the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), who was favored by Yoritomo and became pregnant.", "ja": "母・大進局は鎌倉幕府に出仕する侍女であったが、頼朝の寵愛を受け懐妊する。" }

Subsets and Splits

No community queries yet

The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.