question
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "58225",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "日本に思いを馳せてる。。。\n\nBased on the words I would guess this sentence means 'I desire to go to Japan'\nor 'My thoughts drift to Japan'\n\nNot entirely sure how to translate it properly but that's what I would think\nit means.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-29T01:45:20.420",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58224",
"last_activity_date": "2021-09-03T00:30:41.907",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29632",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"sentence"
],
"title": "Is my interpretation of this sentence correct",
"view_count": 68
}
|
[
{
"body": "in terms of the \"image\" of 日本に思いを馳せてる, your second translation is more\naccurate, but both would work fine. You could also say \"I'm dreaming of\nJapan/going to Japan.\" I like your second choice though, it has a very\n\"literary\" feel to it.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-29T02:02:52.303",
"id": "58225",
"last_activity_date": "2021-09-03T00:30:41.907",
"last_edit_date": "2021-09-03T00:30:41.907",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "29347",
"parent_id": "58224",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
58224
|
58225
|
58225
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "Most sources on the internet, such as [How are 化け物, 妖怪, 幽霊, etc. related to\neach other?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/1528/how-\nare-%E5%8C%96%E3%81%91%E7%89%A9-%E5%A6%96%E6%80%AA-%E5%B9%BD%E9%9C%8A-etc-\nrelated-to-each-other), seem to say that 化け物 and おばけ are two separate words\nfor the same type of creature. But even if that's true in theory, in practice\nit seems better to understand 化け物 as 'monster' and おばけ as 'ghost'.\n\nIt would seem kind of silly to call a person おばけ as an insult, for example.\nThe Google results for searching 化け物 are things I would recognize as monsters\nbut not as ghosts, and おばけ gets ghosts rather than monsters. Same goes for\nばけもの and お化け (though the results for お化け are rather creepier than おばけ).\n\nSo: In practice, is there a difference between 化け物 and おばけ?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-29T02:23:46.607",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58226",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-02T00:50:28.383",
"last_edit_date": "2018-04-29T06:50:02.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "9971",
"owner_user_id": "9971",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words"
],
"title": "Are 化け物 and おばけ really the same thing?",
"view_count": 247
}
|
[
{
"body": "heh. Looks to me like you've basically answered your question IN your\nquestion.\n\nEssentially, ばけもの/化け物 can be thought of as \"scary supernatural things\" aka\n\"monsters\" though I think the Japanese idea of 化け物 is much broader than the\nwestern idea of monster, including spiritual creatures such as demons, youkai\n(妖怪), and yes, ghosts. ... Japanese 妖怪 are another very broad category of\nmonsters in and of itself. Check wikipedia. ;) ....おばけ, on the other hand,\nalways refers specifically to ghosts/spirits. And as another user pointed out,\nalmost exclusively the cute/funny kind, like Casper or maybe Slimer.\n\nWhether human shaped or otherwise, if it's floaty, see-through, glowing, or\ncannot normally be seen by people unless it wants to be seen, etc., it's an\nおばけ. Part of the confusion might be because the Japanese version of the spirit\nworld contains so many more types of spirits than the western version.\n\nOne more thing: when Japanese people are specifically talking about\nghosts/spirits, the kind that closely match the western sense, they use the\nword yuurei 幽霊. Obake includes yuurei, but again is much broader.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-29T03:01:09.130",
"id": "58228",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-01T13:58:26.453",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-01T13:58:26.453",
"last_editor_user_id": "29347",
"owner_user_id": "29347",
"parent_id": "58226",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "[化け物](https://www.google.co.jp/search?q=%E5%8C%96%E3%81%91%E7%89%A9&num=100&rlz=1C1CAFA_enJP730JP731&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjXrZ_Mj9_aAhVMVrwKHXF1B8oQ_AUICigB&biw=1366&bih=637)\nand\n[おばけ](https://www.google.co.jp/search?q=%E3%81%8A%E3%81%B0%E3%81%91&num=100&rlz=1C1CAFA_enJP730JP731&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjYl73Vj9_aAhVHW7wKHT-\n_DQwQ_AUICigB&biw=1366&bih=637) do NOT refere same thing.\n\nおばけ involves some cute feeling (”お” and hiragana makes it seems like joking\nmonster) If adult people say I see おばけ and be scared it looks strange and\nfunny. You must be careful that おばけ is not (I think) same to the ghost. おばけ\ninvolves more soft atmosphere. And Yes, おばけ often refers unconcrete creatures\nlike ghosts.\n\nBut 化け物 refers concrete creatures. It is sometimes used to speak ill of\nsomebody.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-29T09:09:34.583",
"id": "58234",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-29T15:51:37.963",
"last_edit_date": "2018-04-29T15:51:37.963",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "29705",
"parent_id": "58226",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "According to the 大辞泉,\n[お化け](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E5%BE%A1%E5%8C%96%E3%81%91-453893#E3.83.87.E3.82.B8.E3.82.BF.E3.83.AB.E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E6.B3.89)\nis synonymous with\n[化け物](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E5%8C%96%E3%81%91%E7%89%A9-113963#E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E6.9E.97.20.E7.AC.AC.E4.B8.89.E7.89.88)\n(definition #1), but it can also mean 幽霊 (definition #2). The latter\ndefinition seems more common in contemporary usage. In fact, when I type お化け I\nget a ghost emoji ().",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-02T00:50:28.383",
"id": "58288",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-02T00:50:28.383",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "58226",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
58226
| null |
58228
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "> 冷えたビールでも飲みながら話しましょう。\n\nThis translates to “Let’s talk over a cold beer”, but でも means but or however.\nWhat does it mean here?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-29T05:33:28.660",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58229",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-29T13:24:48.180",
"last_edit_date": "2018-04-29T13:24:48.180",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "29735",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particle-でも"
],
"title": "What is the use of でも in the following sentence?",
"view_count": 116
}
|
[] |
58229
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58232",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "This is the sentence:\n\n> 私は韓国人 **では** ありません。\n>\n> Watashi wa kangokujin **de wa** arimasen.\n>\n> I'm not Korean.\n\nI was expecting something like:\n\n> 私は韓国人ありません。\n>\n> Watashi wa kangokujin arimasen.\n\nWhy is the では necessary? And what does it mean?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-29T05:39:47.913",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58230",
"last_activity_date": "2020-10-03T06:37:53.937",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29736",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles"
],
"title": "Why is では (dewa) necessary in the following sentence? And what does it mean?",
"view_count": 8988
}
|
[
{
"body": "ではありません should be treated as a single word (for now, at least). It is the\nnegative form of です, so it means 'is not', 'am not', 'are not' etc.\n\nYou may have already seen the contracted form of the plain speech version\nじゃない. In this form じゃ is a contraction of では, and ない is the plain speech form\nof the polite ありません.\n\nOn its own ありません is the negative form of あります which is the polite form of ある.\nThis means 'to have', 'to exist' etc. So your sentence 私は韓国人ありません is\nungrammatical and doesn't make much sense. 私は韓国人 **が** ありません would mean \"I\ndon't have a Korean person\" which sounds pretty odd to me.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-29T08:43:24.633",
"id": "58232",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-29T13:35:05.007",
"last_edit_date": "2018-04-29T13:35:05.007",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"parent_id": "58230",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "It seems to be a double negative for emphasis as in Spanish. Hard to get used\nto if your native language uses a single negative as in logic.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-10-03T06:37:53.937",
"id": "80939",
"last_activity_date": "2020-10-03T06:37:53.937",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40486",
"parent_id": "58230",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -4
}
] |
58230
|
58232
|
58232
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58238",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was watching the show Aggretsuko (アグレッシブ烈子) and when the main character\n[烈子]{れつこ} is invited to go work at her friend's shop, she gets really happy\nand excited at the prospect of leaving her current terrible job and starts\nyelling 何それ、何それ over and over again. When I looked it up, the only translation\nI could find was something like 'What? That.' That doesn't make any sense to\nme in the context.\n\nI am pretty sure it is slang. Is this some sort of idiom or abbreviation of a\nlonger phrase?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-29T08:34:11.657",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58231",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-01T13:32:56.513",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-01T13:12:55.557",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "29704",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"slang"
],
"title": "Meaning of [何]{なに}それ",
"view_count": 1209
}
|
[
{
"body": "You are going way too literal with the phrase.\n\nIf 「なにそれ」 were uttered repeatedly by an excited person, it would mean:\n\n・\"Too good to be true!\"\n\n・\"Way too cool!\"\n\n・\"Pure awesomeness!\"\n\n・\"Gotta calm down here!\"\n\n・\"Is this really happening?\"\n\nFeel free to combine a couple of those; Translation is an art.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-29T17:07:40.367",
"id": "58238",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-29T17:07:40.367",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "58231",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
] |
58231
|
58238
|
58238
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Can somebody explain to me the difference between と共{とも}に and に伴{ともな}って？ I\nbelieve that sometimes they can be used interchangeably, but not always.\nMoreover, their basic meanings also seem to differ. As a matter of fact, it\nseems to me that に伴って is similar to に従{したが}って、while と共に is more similar to\n一緒{いっしょ}に。",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-29T08:51:38.423",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58233",
"last_activity_date": "2023-05-15T10:07:55.867",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-25T15:20:29.063",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25880",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What is the difference between に伴って and と共に？",
"view_count": 2408
}
|
[
{
"body": "Both of them have the meaning of \"showing the change of certain situations\nwhile another situation is still happening\" with some slight differences:\n\n1) 「〜に伴{ともな}って」 (original form: 伴{ともな}う = to accompany) means: \"accompanied\nwith\" or \"in association to something\", which can be preceded by either a noun\nor a verb.\n\n> **例 (Example)** :\n>\n> 人口の増加 **に伴って** 、たくさんの住宅が建てられる。\n>\n> Many houses are constructed in association to the increase in population.\n\n2) 「と共{とも}に」used to show that something also occurs together at the same time\nwith a change of certain condition. The entire sentence doesn't require to\nshow a state of progress, and is somewhat equivalent to 「一緒に」or 「同時に」.\n\n> **例 (Example)** :\n>\n> 皆さん **と共に** 快適な道づくりを進めます。\n>\n> With everyone we will go forward with a pleasant road construction.\n\nBoth forms above are often compared with 「〜に従{したが}って」and 「〜につれて」which has\nsimilar nuances but a slightly different usage:\n\n * 「〜に従{したが}って」means \"according to something\", which states that the actions described in respective clauses happen in parallel (i.e. the second clause happens following the first clause).\n\n> **例 (Example)** :\n>\n> 上司の命令 **に従って** 、手紙を送りました。\n>\n> I sent the letter according to my boss' instructions.\n\n * 「〜に連{つ}れて」indicates \"as something changes, another thing changes as well\", which effects of change are simultaneous. This form is often used to express proportional relationship with events in respective clauses which the first clause triggers the second one.\n\n> **例 (Example)** :\n>\n> 季節の変化 **につれて** 気温が変わる。\n>\n> The temperature changes in accordance with seasons.\n\nHence, here is a simple comparison between all of them:\n\n1) 「 **A** に伴{ともな}って **B** 」= **A** associated/accompanied with **B**\n\n2) 「 **A** と共{とも}に **B** 」= **A** (together) with **B** (along with **A** ,\n**B** will happens)\n\n3) 「 **A** に従{したが}って **B** 」= **B** according to **A** ( **A** and **B** have\nparallel relationship)\n\n4) 「 **A** に連{つ}れて **B** 」= **B** happens as **A** happens ( **A** and **B**\nare both occur simultaneously)\n\nAdditional references:\n\n[(English) As (change)](http://www.imabi.net/aschange.htm)\n\n[(Japanese) 「につれて、 に伴って、 に従って、 と共に」\nの区別](https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1217644107)\n\n[(Japanese) ＜につれて＞、＜に従って＞、＜とともに＞、＜に伴って＞\nの意味は同じですが、使い方は違います。どうやて分けたいいですか？](http://lang-8.com/325525/journals/108917187246494422246331120808717387557)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-09T04:32:57.537",
"id": "58486",
"last_activity_date": "2020-03-14T16:35:03.463",
"last_edit_date": "2020-03-14T16:35:03.463",
"last_editor_user_id": "37097",
"owner_user_id": "18259",
"parent_id": "58233",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
58233
| null |
58486
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58255",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I have trouble with two lines that are closely tied together. The following is\nthem in context. The lines in question are shown in bold.\n\n> A: 待ちなさい！B、あなたを確保します！\n>\n> B: 邪魔よ……どきなさい。\n>\n> A: あなたは今、bla bla bla, irrelevant anime bs 状態なの…… そんな状態で暴れて回っても、\n> なんにもならないんだから……\n>\n> B: 何にもならないかどうかは、私が決めるわ。 **あなたに口を挟まれる事じゃない** 。\n>\n> A: いいえ！ **口も挟めば手も出します** ！\n\nThe \"irrelevant anime bs\" is just me stripping the bit that explains B's\nsituation in more detail, but that detail IMO would just lead us down the\nrabbit hole of explaining lore and like which is not the point here.\n\nThe following is my take on this segment:\n\n> A: Wait! B, I will arrest you!\n>\n> B: You’re a nuisance…begone.\n>\n> A: You are in a state of (irrelevant)… Because of that there is no point in\n> getting violent, so…\n>\n> B: I’ll be the one to decide whether or not there is any point. I won’t be\n> interrupted by you.\n>\n> A: Noo! I'll either interrupt you or fight you!\n\nFirst of. For me it's strange that the verb 口を挟む is being used. As far as I\ncan see it's used for interrupting someone's speech (like mouth is right there\nin the verb as object), while here from context B (which is suffering the\ninterruption from A it seems) hasn't actually had her speech interupted. But\nmore A is going to secure/arrest her and prevent her for going where she\nwants. And I don't really see in the definition of the verb it being used for\nthis kind of thing.\n\nSecond thing is the 事じゃない which I'm not entirely sure what it's doing here. Is\nit, \"it's not a situation where I'll suffer being interrupted\", or general\n\"I'm not/won't be interrupted by you\" or something?\n\nDue to the accumulated confusion, this makes the A's reply even more confusing\nto me. I know about the も～ば～も pattern that is used for and/or either/nor and\nsuch. So I guess she is saying she'll either interrupt/stop or fight her.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-29T10:37:43.153",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58235",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-30T10:45:17.417",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "26839",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "I don't understand: あなたに口を挟まれる事じゃない",
"view_count": 220
}
|
[
{
"body": "What's interrupted is not her speech but her private affair. In this sense,\nit's more like \"to claim something\" rather than \"to interrupt\".",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-30T04:32:13.010",
"id": "58250",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-30T04:39:43.220",
"last_edit_date": "2018-04-30T04:39:43.220",
"last_editor_user_id": "4092",
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "58235",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "First, to address the the expression「（Xに)口を挟む」, you would be wrong to go on\nthis first sense of\n[「挟む」](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%8C%9F%E3%82%80%E3%83%BB%E6%8C%BF%E3%82%80-358042#E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E6.9E.97.20.E7.AC.AC.E4.B8.89.E7.89.88):\n「① 物を両側から押さえつける。また、二本の棒などで押さえて持つ」 and visualize this idiom as squeezing the\nlips of a talking individual tightly together, therefore temporarily depriving\nthem of the ability of speaking ( = interrupt). Rather, the more relevant\nsense is the next one: 「②ある物の間やすき間に物を入れる」. Taken literally, the expression\nshould mean \"wedge (your) mouth into X\", where the metonymical \"mouth\" is that\nof the interferer, not of the interfered (think the English idiom \"stick your\nnose into X\"). This idiom can be used with regard to interrupting someone's\nspeech with your words as well as meddling in a matter that does not directly\nconcern you. So the its use in this context is unexceptionable.\n\nAs for the second question, the the whole utterance is not a general statement\nbut about the particular situation at hand. So the sentence may be translated\ninto: \"This is not a matter in which I have to suffer your meddling!\" (Or more\nsimply: \"This is none of your business!\" ).\n\nNow, onto the last point, which I find a bit tricky\nbecause[「手を出す」](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%89%8B%E3%82%92%E5%87%BA%E3%81%99-573185)\nhas two meanings that are (it seems to me) applicable here: 「①\n人や物事に自分から積極的にかかわりをもつ」 and 「② 暴力を振るう」.\n\nIn the case of the former, the phrase would be synonymous enough with 「口を挟む」\nfor the combination to be pleonastic, with 「手も出す」 only adding some rhetorical\nforce, but not much in the way of new semantic content. (\"Oh yes, I _will_\nstick in my nose, and my butt too!\" )\n\nIn the case of the latter, A would be vowing to do physical kind of meddling,\nnot just verbal. (\"Oh, I _will_ butt in, and I _will_ fight you!\") ... upon\nfurther consideration, I think I'm beginning to lean toward this\ninterpretation.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-30T10:45:17.417",
"id": "58255",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-30T10:45:17.417",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "11575",
"parent_id": "58235",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
58235
|
58255
|
58255
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58543",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> ２６日は、１９日と別の **場所** で２回目の噴火がありました。 \n> On the 26th there was a second eruption in a place different from the 19th. \n> しかし、２６日に噴火が起こった **所** は、頂上から西側に５００ｍぐらいの **所** でした。 \n> However, the place where the eruption occurred on the 26th was around 500m\n> to the west of the summit.\n\nFor along time now I've been happily reading both 場所 and 所 as 'place' without\nthinking about the difference. Are they interchangeable or is there a deeper\nreason for using different words in the above text?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-29T12:40:48.570",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Difference between 場所 and 所",
"view_count": 8389
}
|
[
{
"body": "There is a subtle difference between 所 and 場所. ２６日は、１９日と別の場所で２回目の噴火がありました。\nsounds more formal than ２６日は、１９日と別の所で２回目の噴火がありました。 . But it's very very subtle\ndifference.When I emphasize \"\"place\"\", I may use \"場所\". For example, when news\nreporters report where murder occur,they may say like 殺人事件が起きた”場所”はこちらの～(But 所\nis also used... So very subtle...). By the way, second phrase contans 所 two\ntimes in one sentence, and it seems little strange(It looks like 頭痛で頭が痛い）.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-29T18:55:57.950",
"id": "58240",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-29T18:55:57.950",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29705",
"parent_id": "58236",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "The difference between 場所 and 所 can be quite subtle when talking about an\nactual place. 場所 is a bit more formal than 所, but many people do not\ndistinguish them very much and will use both to vary the language a bit.\n\n> 遺跡が発見された場所 = place where the ruins were found\n>\n> 会議の時間と場所を決める = set the time and place for the meeting\n>\n> 国が所有している場所 = government-owned land\n>\n> 駅から５分くらいの所に住んでいる = live five minutes from the station\n>\n> 彼氏の背中のかゆい所をかく = scratch the boyfriend's itchy spot in the back\n\nOne difference between 場所 and 所 is that 場所 always refers to a place in the\nliteral sense, but 所/ところ can also be used for more abstract things. In modern\nJapanese, it is usual to write it in hiragana when using it in the abstract\nsense.\n\n> 今やっているところです = (I am) doing it now\n>\n> 今日のところは許してやる = I will forgive you for today\n>\n> 勉強が終わったところです = I just finished my homework\n>\n> それは政府の関知するところではない = that is none of the government's business",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-10T16:12:48.527",
"id": "58543",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "29776",
"parent_id": "58236",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 10
}
] |
58236
|
58543
|
58543
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58245",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "It seems that 「ご覧」 is treated as a noun (with a verb origin) in phrases such\nas 「ご覧 **に** なる」.\n\nOne may reasonably expect that when used with 「ください / いただく」, 「ご覧」 can, or even\nshould, be followed by 「を」.\n\nHowever, 「ご覧 ~~を~~ ください / いただく」 seems much more common.\n\nSimilarly, 「お待ち **を** ください / いただく」 sounds even wrong(?).\n\nIs there a good explanation for the (kind of) compulsory leave-out of 「を」\nhere?\n\n* * *\n\nOr put it in another way:\n\n**ビール** ですか\n\n**ビールを** ください\n\n**お持ち** ですか\n\n**お持ち** ~~を~~ ください\n\nI understand that generalization fails quite often in natural languages, but,\ninstead of saying it's just how it works, is there any good explanation here?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-29T17:25:54.450",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58239",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-30T07:59:25.943",
"last_edit_date": "2018-04-30T05:43:50.320",
"last_editor_user_id": "5346",
"owner_user_id": "5346",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particle-を",
"keigo"
],
"title": "「ご覧ください」v.s.「ご覧をください」",
"view_count": 606
}
|
[
{
"body": "No を is necessary in your example, as it would not be grammatical.\n\nを follows noun forms specifically.\n\n[覧る](https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%A6%A7) is a non-standard form of the\nverb 見る. ご覧 is a standard honorific usage. Although the ～になる construction can\nbe preceded by both nouns and verbs, in this case ご覧 is not acting as a noun.\n\nCommon honorific (尊敬語）usages involving ご覧 are [ご覧になる and\nご覧なさる](http://www.verbix.com/webverbix/Japanese/miru.html). Both of these\nusages conjugate like non-honorific verbs. For example, 見る would adopt the te-\nform when placed before ください。\n\n> 見てください ― ご覧になってください － ＊ご覧なさってください\n\n＊As the なさる form is not normally used with ください。The reason for this would\nrequire a more detailed answer. Suffice to say, ご覧なさい is usually reserved to\nusage towards people below the speaker in the social hierarchy (subordinates,\nchildren, etc.).\n\nご覧ください is an abbreviated form of ご覧になってください. As an abbreviation, it will still\nfollow that it is acting as a verb.\n\nAs regards using it with いただく, you would not usually shorten ご覧になる to just ご覧\nand would use the fuller expression of ご覧になっていただく.\n\n> From casual to honorific:\n>\n> 見てくれ → 見てください → ご覧ください → ご覧になってください → ご覧になっていただけませんか\n\nThis applies to the other verb you mentioned (お待ち) as well as others (お掛け,\nご説明, etc.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-29T21:05:33.187",
"id": "58241",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-29T21:05:33.187",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "27280",
"parent_id": "58239",
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"score": 1
},
{
"body": "「お/ごXXいただく」 is the humble form of 「XXしてもらう」. \n「お/ごXXくださる」 is the honorific form of 「XXしてくれる」. (「ください」 is the imperative form\nof 「くださる」.) \nYou normally won't insert を here.\n\nIn general, you use 「お+連用形+いただく/くださる」 for native Japanese verbs, as in:\n\n> 「待ってもらう」→「 **お** 待ち **いただく** 」 \n> 「待ってくれる」→「 **お** 待ち **くださる** 」 (→「お待ちくださ **い** 」 in imperative form)\n\nand 「ご+名詞(語幹)+いただく/くださる」 for Sino compound する-verbs (漢語サ変動詞), as in:\n\n> 「遠慮してもらう」→「 **ご** 遠慮 **いただく** 」 \n> 「利用してくれる」→「 **ご** 利用 **くださる** 」 (→「ご利用くださ **い** 」 in imperative form)\n\n* * *\n\nThe verb 見る is irregular; its honorific form is 「ご覧になる」, not 「お見になる」 (For\nregular honorific/humble forms, see [this\nthread](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/54417/9831)). You use this 覧 for\nthe verb 「見る」 with 「ご～いただく」「ご～くださる」 too:\n\n> 「見てもらう」→「ご覧いただく」 \n> 「見てくれる」→「ご覧くださる」 (「ご覧ください」 in imperative form)\n\n* * *\n\nTo the Edit:\n\n> お持ち ~~を~~ ください\n\n持ち is the 連用形... It's natural for 用言 「くださる」「いただく」 to follow a 連用形, no...?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-30T02:08:33.537",
"id": "58245",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-30T07:59:25.943",
"last_edit_date": "2018-04-30T07:59:25.943",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "58239",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
58239
|
58245
|
58245
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58254",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Context: girl breaks up with guy, he gets sad and says this line\n\n私だけがあなたの特別でいられたのに!\n\nwhy is the passive/potential form used here? is it possible to use only the\npast simple with た here? I'm not sure how to make any sense out of the\nsentence in the passive/potential form",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-30T00:13:50.610",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58242",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-30T16:29:52.527",
"last_edit_date": "2018-04-30T00:39:08.097",
"last_editor_user_id": "27578",
"owner_user_id": "27578",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"passive-voice"
],
"title": "the passive/potential form used in this sentence",
"view_count": 133
}
|
[
{
"body": "This いられた clearly has a potential meaning.\n\n> * 私だけがあなたの特別でいた。 Only I was being your special person.\n> * 私だけがあなたの特別でいられた。 Only I could be your special person.\n>\n\nSo 私 used the potential form simply because she wanted to be the guy's\n\"special\".",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-30T10:27:38.113",
"id": "58254",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-30T16:29:52.527",
"last_edit_date": "2018-04-30T16:29:52.527",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "58242",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
58242
|
58254
|
58254
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm reading a book, and in this scene, the leader of a Yakuza group is\nplotting to try to gain the spot as the largest and strongest syndicate in the\nregion. His group has kidnapped 2 characters from the target syndicate, and\nhe's talking with those 2 characters. He previously said that he finds other's\nmisfortunes amusing.\n\nThe sentence I'm trying to translate: あいつの蔭で延々と 非道をつくそうとする\n思考も面白いがわしはどちらかというと派手好みでな\n\nMy attempt: The thought of [doing something unjust?] in a drawn out way in the\nshadows is also amusing, but if it were one or the other, I would prefer to be\nshowy/extravagant.\n\nI'm not sure what verb つく translates to. Either one of the many many\npossibilities of つく verbs with verb root + そう like \"to appear/seem to (verb)\"?\nBut which つく, there's a lot and they have so many potential meanings.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-30T00:40:48.483",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58243",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-30T10:18:26.203",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29690",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation"
],
"title": "非道をつくそうとする translation attempt",
"view_count": 81
}
|
[
{
"body": "This is 非道を **尽くす** , where 尽くす means \"to do (something) fully\", \"to exhaust\"\nor \"to run the full gamut of ～\". 非道を尽くす means doing all sorts of atrocious\nthings.\n\nSimilar examples:\n\n * 全力を尽くす: to do one's best\n * 町で破壊の限りを尽くす: to run the gamut of destruction in the town",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-30T10:18:26.203",
"id": "58253",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-30T10:18:26.203",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "58243",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
58243
| null |
58253
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "sentence : あなただけの私には...今の私はなりたくない\n\nI think it's something like \"I don't want to be... only yours now\", but the に\nthere, would mean something like \"for me\" , \"in\" , \"to me\", etc but I can't\nsee any possible translation where the particle fits. could you please tell\nwhat it is its function here?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-30T01:28:08.160",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58244",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-30T02:08:50.643",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29442",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-に"
],
"title": "function of に after 私",
"view_count": 172
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「あなただけの私 **には**...今の私はなりたくない。」\n\nmeans the same thing as:\n\n> 「今の私は、あなただけの私 **には** なりたくない。」\n\n「X **に** なりたい」 (\"to want to become X\") and 「X **には** なりたくない」 (\"to **not** want\nto become X\") are both very simple constructs and the 「に」 and 「には」 **MUST** be\nused respectively for the phrases to make sense. Since 「なる」 is an intransitive\nverb, you need to use a particle in introducing the indirect object \"X\".\n\nLet us now replace the X by the actual words 「あなただけの私」(\"I that exists only for\nyou\" or \"only yours\" to borrow your TL).\n\nThe speaker is saying that, currently, she does **not** want to become the\nperson described immediately above.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-30T02:08:50.643",
"id": "58246",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-30T02:08:50.643",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "58244",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
58244
| null |
58246
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Like any other i-adjective, they can be conjugated but I read a few example\nsentences of the i-adjective \"無い\" and I can't find any sentences where it was\nconjugated.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-30T08:05:35.567",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58251",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-30T12:52:53.937",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29721",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"conjugations"
],
"title": "Can 無い be conjugated?",
"view_count": 729
}
|
[
{
"body": "Yes ない conjugates like any other i-adjectives do.\n\n * 大きくなかった。 It was not big.\n * リンゴはなかった。 There were no apples.\n * 高くなくて、安くもない。 It is neither expensive nor cheap.\n\nThe ku-form (aka adverb form) is sometimes used, too, but it usually sounds\nslightly awkward:\n\n * [?] 美しくなく踊った。 He danced not beautifully.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-30T10:09:35.010",
"id": "58252",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-30T10:09:35.010",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "58251",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
},
{
"body": "You can check out this pretty thorough listing of ない conjugations\n[here](https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84#Japanese).\n\nAccording to the link:\n\n * ない is the Terminal form as well as the Attributive form.\n * なく is the Continuative form as well as the Adverbial construction.\n * なかろ is the Imperfective form.\n * なけれ is the Hypothetical form.\n * なかれ is the Imperative form.\n * なくない is the Informal Negative construction.\n * なかった is the Informal Past construction.\n * なくなかった is the Informal Negative Past construction.\n * ないです is the Formal construction.\n * なくないです is the Formal Negative construction.\n * なかったです is the Formal Past construction.\n * なくなかったです is the Formal Negative Past construction.\n * なくて is the Conjunctive construction.\n * なければ is the Conditional construction.\n * なかったら is the Provisional construction.\n * なかろう is the Volitional construction.\n * なさ is the Degree construction.\n\nAs you can see, there are many ways to conjugate this adjective. If you wish,\nI can expand on this answer.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-30T12:52:53.937",
"id": "58257",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-30T12:52:53.937",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29607",
"parent_id": "58251",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
58251
| null |
58252
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Working in a Japanese based company I often see that in written English which\nis (directly or indirectly) addressed to Japanese the suffix -san is attached\nto names.\n\nWith some basic knowledge of Japanese I have some understanding how -さん is\nused in Japanese. Having in mind that it would seem unnatural for me to\nencounter Herr Müller instead of Mr. Müller in an English text I am wondering\nhow natural it is for a Japanese to see -san being used in an English\nconversation a) attached to a (romanized) Japanese name or b) attached to an\nEnglish/German/... name.\n\nI hope this question will not be marked as opinion-based because I am actually\ninterested in a general answer to help improve my conversation with Japanese\npeople.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-30T11:28:47.423",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58256",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-02T18:41:26.363",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11834",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"suffixes",
"email",
"conversations"
],
"title": "Usage of -san in English emails",
"view_count": 963
}
|
[
{
"body": "San is often used in informal e-mail. San or Kun is maybe good to show\nfriendliness. This depends on the custom of the organization.For me, it seems\na little strange. I always feel why you suddenly use Japanese in English\nemail?. In my mind,it sounds like the foreign people's unnatural\npronunciation.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-02T18:41:26.363",
"id": "58310",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-02T18:41:26.363",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29705",
"parent_id": "58256",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
58256
| null |
58310
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58261",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "好きになる means fall in love/come to love, but what about 好きになれる? Does it mean\n\"can come to love\"? What does 好きになれる mean in this sentence?\n\n先輩と一緒にいられないなら、わたしに誰が好きになれるの嫌だ\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/dMUoJ.png)",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-30T22:10:46.600",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58259",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-01T00:08:46.997",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-01T00:08:46.997",
"last_editor_user_id": "29442",
"owner_user_id": "29442",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice"
],
"title": "difference between 好きになれる and 好きになる",
"view_count": 715
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 先輩と一緒にいられないなら、わたしに誰が好きになれるの？ \n> If I cannot be with Sempai, then who (else) can I fall in love with?\n\nThis なれる is potential. This is a rhetorical question which actually implies\n\"Sempai is the only person I can fall in love with.\" [誰が好き on its own is\nambiguous](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/30171/5010) (\"who likes\" vs\n\"who does someone like\"), but in this case it means \"who do I like\".\n\n嫌だ on the next page should be just a one-word sentence, \"No...\", \"No way\", \"I\nhate this (situation)\", etc.",
"comment_count": 12,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-30T23:48:58.377",
"id": "58261",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-30T23:48:58.377",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "58259",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
58259
|
58261
|
58261
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58304",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Both 〜と呼ぶ and 〜という can be translated as “to call...”.\n\n * [Examples](https://ejje.weblio.jp/sentence/content/%E3%81%A8%E5%91%BC%E3%81%B6) of 〜と呼ぶ.\n * [Examples](https://ejje.weblio.jp/sentence/content/%E3%81%A8%E3%81%84%E3%81%86) of 〜という.\n\nSo, for situations where something is given a name, what's the difference\nbetween the two?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-04-30T23:32:00.867",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "What is the difference between 〜と呼ぶ and 〜という?",
"view_count": 384
}
|
[
{
"body": "～と呼ぶ is used to tell someone to call you by a certain name or term.\n\nFor example, Joseph Joestar's famous phrase from _JoJo's Bizarre Adventure_\nis:\n\n> 「ジョセフ・ジョースター、ジョジョって呼んでくれ」\n\nWhich translates to:\n\n> \"[My name is] Joseph Joestar; call (address) me [as] Jojo.\"\n\nIt's used to tell others to call you by something you specify.\n\nFor example:\n\n> 俺はモモタロ、モモと呼んでくれ\n>\n> I am Momotaro; call me Momo.\n\nor\n\n> はじめまして、私はアリャ **といい** ます～アリと呼んでよ～\n>\n> Nice to meet you, I'm [called] Aria - call me Ari.\n\nThis example has both the \"iimasu\" form, which is used to introduce yourself,\nand the \"yobe\" to tell people to call you by the name \"Ari\".\n\n\"言う\" is used for introduction, and it's not formal either - don't forget to\nuse the masu form with it - while \"呼べ\" is used to tell people to address you\nby a certain name.\n\nThat's the use of \"呼べ\" in your question and not in general. Its meaning is \"to\ncall\".\n\nFor example, 「モモを呼べ」 means \"Call Momo!\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-02T13:34:04.757",
"id": "58304",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
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"score": 1
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58260
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58304
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58304
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Context: a guy complaining about his boss with a colleague.\n\n振り回されて意識せざるを得ない\n\nI don't know how to translate the sentence due to the 意識. I have two\ninterpretations\n\nI cannot help being controlled/jerked around (by the boss) and be conscious\n(about the fact he's being controlled)\n\nI cannot help being controlled/jerked around (by the boss) and be conscious\n(of the boss)\n\nWhich would be correct? Thanks in advance.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-01T00:53:23.100",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58263",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-01T17:39:49.150",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29442",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"word-requests"
],
"title": "What does this 意識 refer to?",
"view_count": 189
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think it refers to his boss.\n\nIt would mean \"I can't help being conscious of my boss because I am\ncontrolled(swayed) by him(her)\".\n\nIf it means \"conscious about the fact he's being controlled\", it would be\n振り回されていることを意識せざるを得ない.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-01T11:13:51.400",
"id": "58270",
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},
{
"body": "> 振り回されて意識せざるを得ない。 \n> I am at the mercy (of someone/something), _so_ I can't help being\n> conscious.\n\nThis te-form is [for describing a reason](https://www.learn-japanese-\nadventure.com/te-form-cause-reason.html). The sentence says nothing explicitly\nabout what this person is conscious of. It may be the boss, what the boss\nsaid, or something completely different depending on the previous context.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-01T16:47:46.350",
"id": "58277",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-01T17:39:49.150",
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58263
| null |
58270
|
{
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"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I know what はじめまして means. It means, _pleased_ / _nice to meet you_. When\nreading Manga at school to learn these expressions, I see the phrase quite\noften.\n\nBut there was one Manga where I saw the phrase, いらっしゃいます。What does this phrase\nmean? From the Manga, I think it means _welcome_ but does it mean that, or is\nit more specific; for example, something like _welcome home_ or _welcome to\nthis place_ of some sort. The Manga featured a guy saying this idiom to guests\nwalking into a restaurant.\n\nPlease let me know so I understand.\n\nThank you in advance.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-01T03:07:38.947",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58264",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words",
"definitions",
"phrases",
"idioms"
],
"title": "Meaning of: いらっしゃいます。",
"view_count": 2993
}
|
[
{
"body": "いらっしゃいます is the ます form of\n[いらっしゃる](https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%84%E3%82%89%E3%81%A3%E3%81%97%E3%82%83%E3%82%8B),\nwhich is the honorific or polite form of いる. Used when referring to or\naddressing customers, superiors, audience members, guests, etc.\n\n> 「同｛おな｝じような思｛おも｝いをした方｛かた｝は いらっしゃいます か？」 would basically be the polite\n> equivalent of 「同じような思いをした人は います か？」\n\nNow, いらっしゃる has multiple nuanced meanings (come, go, be, etc.). In the usage\nof いらっしゃいませ, which is the greeting upon entering a place of business, the\n'come' definition makes sense. It is in the spirit of 'come on in', but\nwithout a higher level of formality, hence the standard translation as\n'welcome'.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-01T07:48:08.793",
"id": "58268",
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},
{
"body": "One of the uses of いらっしゃいます could be in sentences such as:\n\n> ➞ご家族｛かぞく｝はいまどこにいらっしゃるんですか。 \n> [Where does your family live?]\n>\n> ➞母｛はは｝はいま東京にいますが、父｛ちち｝は京都に住んでいます。 \n> [My mother lives in Tokyo but father lives in Kyoto.]\n\nHere, the first person asks politely about the family of the other person.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-12-12T06:12:40.987",
"id": "63347",
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58264
|
58268
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58268
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{
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"body": "私の日本語の本によると、「を」の代わりに「は」を使う事が出来ます。でも、いつ使えますか。ニュアンスは何が変わりますか。\n\n例えば:\n\n> 1. 肉を食べますか → 肉は食べますか。\n> 2. 子供たちはカレーを作っている。→ カレーは子供たちが作っている。\n>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-01T13:15:28.050",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58272",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-01T20:41:58.610",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-01T13:39:04.000",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "29755",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-は",
"particle-を"
],
"title": "「は」と「を」の違いは何ですか。",
"view_count": 8093
}
|
[
{
"body": "簡単に言うと、助詞の使い方で文の色んな部分を強調することができる。\n\n> 例１：子供たちはカレーを作っている。 --> 子供たちは **何をしている** ？カレーを作っている。 例２：カレーは子供立ちが作っている。 -->\n> **誰が** カレーを作っている？子供たちだ。\n\n「誰が」・「どこで」・「どのように」などのような情報を特に強調したい時には「は」を使うことは多いと思うんだが、「を」と「が」だけが完全に代行されている。「に」・「で」・「と」・「へ」があったら、その時には代行をせず、助詞の後に「は」を付けるんだ。\n\n例えば：\n\n> Q: 17日 **に** 映画を見に行こうか？ A: すみません。その日 **には** ちょっと用事があって。。。",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-01T18:53:03.707",
"id": "58282",
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{
"body": "１の例について言うと、主題がない（ように見える）疑問文である「肉を食べますか」は数ある食べものの中から肉を選ぶかを聞いてます。いわゆる排他の「が」。\n\nそれに対して主題がある文は、1.\n一般的なことを言ったり（総記）2.（主題の切り替えによって）何か他のものとの対比を表します。つまり、「肉は食べますか」は、1.\n普段肉を食べるか、肉を食べる習慣があるかどうか、または、2.\n他の食べものについては食べたり食べなかったりすることがわかったとして、では肉についてはどうかを問う表現になります。\n\n主題がない平叙文には「排他」の他に、新しく見聞きしたことを表現する文である「現象文」もありますが、これは、疑問文では文の *\n主語を無助詞で表します。つまり、 **今、肉を食べるかどうか** 聞くときは「 **肉、食べますか** 」といいます。（*\nこの点、節では助詞がつきます。つまり、この例で「肉を食べるか、それとも…どうしますか」ということはできます。）なお、外国人向けの教材ではこの例で「肉を食べますか」としてしまっていることが多いですが、口語日本語の例として不自然です。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-01T20:41:58.610",
"id": "58285",
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"score": 3
}
] |
58272
| null |
58285
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58276",
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"body": "I'm talking about the \"cultural\" ones, because with the yen currency the scale\nis completely different (millionnaire with yen is only about having\napproximately 10 000 usd so I don't think it's the real equivalent).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-01T16:14:46.893",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58275",
"last_activity_date": "2018-07-19T19:35:59.793",
"last_edit_date": "2018-07-19T19:35:59.793",
"last_editor_user_id": "25980",
"owner_user_id": "25980",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-requests",
"culture"
],
"title": "What are the equivalents of millionnaire, multimillionaire and billionaire in Japanese?",
"view_count": 300
}
|
[
{
"body": "[億万長者【おくまんちょうじゃ】](https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=%E5%84%84%E4%B8%87%E9%95%B7%E8%80%85&ref=sa)\nis the best-known word. Actually there is also a word\n[百万長者](http://jisho.org/word/%E7%99%BE%E4%B8%87%E9%95%B7%E8%80%85), but it's\nnot commonly used for the obvious reason.\n\nミリオネア is at least understood [because of this TV\nprogram](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quiz_$_Millionaire), but it's not used\nin daily conversations.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-01T16:31:32.050",
"id": "58276",
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{
"body": "There is also the word [大富豪]{だい・ふ・ごう}, but I don't know if it's commonly used\nother than for the [card\ngame](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AF%8C%E8%B1%AA).",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-01T17:08:37.000",
"id": "58278",
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58275
|
58276
|
58276
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I wanted to ask what the '◯' symbol underneath the 金 means below? It seems the\nblack-haired guy is asking the other guy something that's to do with drinking?\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/L4Qte.jpg)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-01T17:12:43.340",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58279",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-01T17:53:09.260",
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"last_editor_user_id": "542",
"owner_user_id": "18870",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 17,
"tags": [
"manga",
"symbols"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of 金〇",
"view_count": 6405
}
|
[
{
"body": "This 金〇 is [金麦](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%91%E9%BA%A6), a well-\nknown beer brand by Suntory Ltd. You can see the character 麦 on the can.\n\nHere 麦 is masked by the circle [in order to avoid issues regarding trademarks\nor conflict of interest](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/30663/5010).\nThis is a common tradition in Japanese anime/manga industry. In Japanese, a\ncircle is commonly used to sensor a part of a word for various reasons. See\nalso: [Why censor this one\nkanji?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/11810/5010)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-01T17:26:53.070",
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58279
| null |
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"body": "I was watching clips of “Art of Fighting 2” (Original Title: 龍虎の拳2) in\nJapanese, and I noticed an interesting pattern:\n\nWhen Geese Howard (ギース・ハワード) is talking to Ryou Sakazaki (リョウ・サカザキ) or Robert\nGarcia (ロバート・ガルシア), he asks, 「私と組んでみる気はないか?」\n\nUnless I'm mistaken, I think he's saying, “Are/aren't you interested in\nteaming up with me?”\n\nIn John Crawley's (ジョン・クローリー) ending, his commanding officer meets with him.\nJohn calls him 閣下, which is usually translated as “his/her/your Excellency”,\nbut since John is in the American military, I think it would be better\ntranslated as “Sir”. Anyway, his commanding officer ends up asking,\n「もう一度軍にもどる気はないかね。」\n\nMaybe I'm wrong, but I think he's saying, “You are/aren't interested in\nreturning to the military once again, are/aren't you?”\n\nThese are just a few examples, but it seems to show a difference between\nJapanese and English. Japanese seems to end a number of questions in the\nnegative, while English seems to end a number of questions in the positive.\n\nWhy is that?\n\nEdit:\n\nOkay, maybe these examples are too specific. That's okay, because I found some\nother examples right\n[here](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E3%81%8B-586989).\n\n**ないか**\n\n（ 連語 ） \n〔打ち消しの助動詞「ない」に終助詞「か」の付いたもの〕. \n① 打ち消しの疑問の意を表す。 「彼はまだ来－」 \n② 勧誘の意を表す。 「映画を見に行か－」 \n③ 婉曲的な命令の意を表す。 「もう八時過ぎだ。早く起き－」 \n④ 希望の意を表す。 「だれか遊びに来－なあ」 \n⑤ 控えめな依頼の意を表す。 「ちょっと見せてくれ－」 〔打ち消しの疑問の意では「ないのか」の形も用いられる〕\n\nHere's a translation:\n\nNaika\n\n(Phrase)\n\n[Something with sentence-ending particle “ka” attached to negative auxiliary\nverb “nai”]. \n1. Expresses the sense of negative questions. “Has he not come yet?” \n2. Expresses the sense of invitations. “Would you like to go see a movie?” \n3. Expresses the sense of indirect commands. “It is past 8 o’clock now. Will you get up early?” \n4. Expresses the sense of desires. “Will you come to see someone?” \n5. Expresses the sense of modest requests. “Could you let me look around?” [The “nainoka” form is also used with the sense of negative questions]\n\nI translated four out of five examples without the “not”. Are invitations,\nindirect commands, desires, and modest requests more polite when they are\nphrased negatively or positively in either language?\n\nAlso, there is a chance that my translation might have mistakes. If there are,\nplease don't hesitate to comment!",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-01T18:01:22.473",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58281",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-05-01T20:17:09.870",
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"owner_user_id": "29607",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation"
],
"title": "Why do some Japanese questions end with 〜ないか?",
"view_count": 1140
}
|
[
{
"body": "\"ないか\" is mostly used to inquire about something. Its translation of course\ndepends on the context, but you can most of the time translate it to \"won't\nyou?\" or \"will you?\". I see that you already know its meaning but have doubt\nabout it.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-01T21:40:54.767",
"id": "58286",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-01T21:40:54.767",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "Let me focus on your original question. When you suggest something, a negative\nquestion such as ～ませんか/～ないか is the default choice in Japanese. It's hard to\nexplain why, but English speakers also use a similar construction using _not_\n(eg \"Why don't you go to a movie tomorrow?\"), so it should not be hard to\ngrasp the basic meaning.\n\nIf you use a non-negative version, the question tends to sound like you are\nplainly asking/confirming someone's existing intention (\"Do you want ～?\" or\n\"Are you going to ～?\"). ない signals it's a suggestion; you're trying to change\nsomeone's mind by introducing some good idea.\n\n> * 私と組んでみる気はあるか? \n> (\"Do you have an intention to ...?\"; doesn't really sound like a direct\n> suggestion)\n> * 私と組んでみる気はないか? \n> (suggestion/invitation)\n> * サッカーやる？ \n> (\"Do you want to ...?\"; you're simply asking what the listener is going to\n> do)\n> * サッカーやらない？ \n> (suggestion/invitation)\n>\n\nThat said, non-negative version still can work as a suggestion depending on\nthe context.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-02T01:39:56.930",
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] |
58281
|
58290
|
58290
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "58293",
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"body": "I saw someone talk about a 「はあっ」that they saw in a book, so I looked it up but\ndidn't find much, just some words/sites that had あっ in them. (I couldn't read\nthe rest) I was wondering how one might pronounce っ at the end of a word. I'm\nalso not sure if っ can be applied after あ only, or other vowels/characters.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-01T23:41:33.790",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58287",
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"owner_user_id": "29734",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"pronunciation"
],
"title": "What does it mean and how do you pronounce あっ?",
"view_count": 1362
}
|
[
{
"body": "When っ is at the end of a word, it indicates a glottal stop or a “choked\nsound” according to [Wiktionary](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E3%81%A3).\nImagine that you suddenly remembered something and went “Ah!—” That would be\nclose to how あっ would sound.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-02T01:08:38.233",
"id": "58289",
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{
"body": "Let's look at the term 学校 for example. This is equivalent to がっこう which is\npronounced as _gakkou_ meaning **school**.\n\nBecause of the small つ, namely っ, then the romaji is spelt with two letters.\nSince っ occurs before こ then the two letters in the romaji spelling would be\nk.\n\n> > Thus, how must we pronounce the term はあっ if there is no letter following\n> from っ?\n\nIt is a good question, and the answer is that we pronounce this as _ha_ as\nopposed to _haa_.\n\n_ha_ has an abrupt ending off the _a_ vowel (short vowel sound), and _haa_ has\na long vowel sound at the end. However, we could simply write は, right?\n\n> Well, let's consider the following conversation:\n>\n\n>> \"Hey, Jimmy! How are you to—\"\n\n>>\n\n>> \"Shut up, Tommy!\"\n\n>\n> The person who spoke second had cut the first person speaking off. If we\n> were to write this conversation in Japanese, instead of using the hyphon, —,\n> we would use っ instead.\n\nSo if someone said 「は」then this would just show that one has said the\nstatement _completely_ and finished it off, without ever being cut off in the\nprocess. But, to show that someone was saying a sentence or a word that began\nwith は but was abruptly cut off, we show this by writing「はっ」instead.\n\nBut because it is written as 「は **あ** っ」 with the letter あ, then this shows\nthat whoever was speaking and was cut off, he/she was going to say a word (or\nbegin a sentence) that began with はあ in particular.\n\n* * *\n\nGo [here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/1457/what-does-the-\nlittle-%E3%81%A3-tsu-signify-when-at-the-end-of-a-word?noredirect=1&lq=1) for\nanother reference. The comment below your post has also provided the same\nlink.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-02T02:44:58.907",
"id": "58293",
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58287
|
58293
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58289
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've seen some words with とお and とう and I was wondering how are you supposed\nto know which one, and if there is any difference in pronunciation.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-02T03:29:30.660",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58294",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "29734",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"pronunciation"
],
"title": "What is the difference between う and お when they come after an -o sound? Ex. とお and とう",
"view_count": 282
}
|
[
{
"body": "I guess you mean how to know which kana to use for a word that you've heard,\nbut don't know how to write?\n\nI'm not a native speaker, but I think the pronunciation difference is quite\nsubtle. It might be difficult to know which one if you hear a word for the\nfirst time. Comparing とお in 遠い to とう in 当然 for example, I don't think I'd be\nable to guess if I heard them for the first time, and didn't know the kana\nalready.\n\nThat said, as a rule of thumb, I feel that とう is much more common, so if\nyou're not sure that's probably the safer guess. Other than that, depending on\nyour vocabulary, how well you know kanji pronunciations, and whether you know\nor can guess the meaning of the word from context, you might be able to make a\nguess at which (if any) kanji is used, and from there know which kana.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-02T08:10:30.017",
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"score": 1
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58294
| null |
58296
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58306",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I don't know if my question will be well received but I searched a pretty long\ntime and didn't found a good answer so I try.\n\nI was trying to read this [NHK\narticle](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20180424/k10011415381000.html?utm_int=netnewsup_contents_list-\nitems_005) and I found this form:\n\n「いや、実はそもそも、みかんの出荷量が年々 **減ってきている**\nんです。生産基盤が弱体化していて、このまま出荷量が減り続ければ値段が高い状態が続くこともあるかもしれません」\n\nA this point,I searched why the てきている form is used and not simply てくる because\naccording to what I knew about てくる (an action that starts in the past and\ncontinue in the future through now as explained in this\n[post](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/677/25980) ),adding -ている was\nuseless since てくる contains by itself the notion of time that lasts a certain\ntime with the characteristics explained in the previous post)\n\nSo I tried to search but I only found posts that handle a small part of the\ncomparison(I didn't find all forms) and they are sometimes contradictory and\nraise other questions (because sometimes like\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/18659/25980) I find that てくる\nstarts in the present, but in the post that I gave before, the fact that it\nstarted in the past is the only difference with ていく so if it's not the case,\nit would mean that they are identical ?)\n\nMy question is: **What are the differences between the various forms of ていくand\nてくる?**\n\n(てform)いく\n\n(てform)くる\n\n(てform)いった\n\n(てform)きた\n\n(てform)いっている\n\n(てform)きている\n\n(てform)いっていた\n\n(てform)きていた",
"comment_count": 9,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-02T07:21:43.897",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58295",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-03T09:51:19.033",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-02T07:29:05.817",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25980",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"tense",
"subsidiary-verbs",
"aspect"
],
"title": "A consistent explanation about the various forms of ていくand てくる?",
"view_count": 329
}
|
[
{
"body": "How you understand them includes a couple of misconceptions, so please forget\nabout it for a while.\n\nていく and てくる have three usages (each of which is more frequent in this order).\n\n 1. to do something and go somewhere/ come back\n 2. to do something to an outward / inward direction\n 3. something changes, repeats or accumulates gradually or step by step\n\nAs you see there's no \"/\" in the third usage, both ていく and てくる refer to the\nexact same objective situation then. For example, 空が明るくなっていく and てくる mean \"the\nsky will get brighter and brighter\". However, you can also say them when the\nphenomenon is happening, where most English speakers will say \"the sky is\ngetting brighter\", which focuses on a slightly different point, though.\n\nThe difference is if the speaker is interested in the result. When you say\n貧しくなっていった, it doesn't really tell how it went after, besides the person got\npoorer and poorer. When you say 貧しくなってきた, however, it reflects the speaker's\nsense of vulnerability and usually means the influence of the result remains\nas it is.\n\n**Their past form means either that the gradual change started or that the\naction repeated in a certain period. 明るくなる or 貧しくなる are an example of the\ngradual change.** (edit)\n\nAs you may know, た form doesn't only stand for past tense but also perfect\naspect. So, 空が明るくなってきた can mean something like \"the sky has just started to\nget brighter\", which can be said in the same situation as \"the sky is getting\nbrighter\". That's why you may find it translated that way.\n\nThinking of \"the sky is getting brighter\", the focus of this sentence lies, I\nbelieve, in the course of gradual change, which can be expressed with\n明るくなってきている after all. Difference between 明るくなっていってる? Maybe \"our sky\" and\n\"their sky\" then.\n\nEdit: ている stands for either a progressive action or a remaining result.\n\nWhen てきている means the former, the difference between てきた is relatively simple\nand it focuses on how it's in the middle of continuous change, **while てきた\nfocuses on how the change started just before** (edit).\n\nOn the other hand, when it means the latter, the difference is subtle **in\nexamples of gradual change** (edit). If you take examples of repetitive\nactions, as is often the case with this usage, it's like the below.\n\n * それまでやってきた: one ~~had~~ repeated something until then\n * 今までにやってきている: one ~~had~~ repeated something before and the result reflects in the current time (one has done it by now)\n * 今までやってきた: one has repeated something until the current time\n\nてきていた is past tense of the above.\n\n * 暖かくなってきていたころ: when it was getting warm\n * 出会ったときにはすでに多くの成果を上げてきていた: He had already earned tons of successes when we first met.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-02T17:34:45.607",
"id": "58306",
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58295
|
58306
|
58306
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "58300",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "A fluorescent light was dying. The light was flickering and making noise, so I\nsaid\n\n電気が光っています\n\nThe person I was talking to echoed back\n\n〜チカチカしている？\n\nWhat's the difference?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-02T08:41:16.473",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58297",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-02T11:10:54.987",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "26989",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"nuances"
],
"title": "光っている vs. チカチカしている",
"view_count": 169
}
|
[
{
"body": "電気が光っています (literally \"the light is shining\") would mean the light is turned on\nand is working normally.\n\nIf you want to say the light is flickering, you can say チカチカしている, チカチカと点滅している,\n点滅している, 光ったり消えたりしている, 点いたり消えたりを繰り返している, etc.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-02T09:51:07.770",
"id": "58300",
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
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"score": 4
},
{
"body": "光っています for shining \nチカチカ for flickering\n\n光っています is used when light source is shining as normal \nチカチカ is used when light source is flickering\n\nExamples:\n\n> [電気]{でんき}が[光]{ひか}る : light is shining \n> [頭]{あたま}が[光]{ひか}る : head is shining \n> [光]{ひか}る[頭]{あたま} : Shining Head \n> [目]{め}がチカチカする : my eye are flickering",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-02T11:10:54.987",
"id": "58301",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-02T11:10:54.987",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "29774",
"parent_id": "58297",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
58297
|
58300
|
58300
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I think I know what it means nontheless the construction is pretty strange for\nmy Indoeuropean mind.\n\nI heard it in a song and the line goes like this: いつかの風頬に触れて春を伝えるでしょう\n\nI think it says that someday the wind will touch her cheeks (as the winds\nblows) and will tell her about spring. However, it sounds strange to me to say\nsomething like \"someday's wind\" and I would like to know why の is attached to\nいつか. I have never found a lesson explaing this construction so an explanation\nwould be appreciated.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-02T08:46:47.887",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58298",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-02T09:19:17.120",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "20088",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"english-to-japanese"
],
"title": "Particle の attached to relative time expression いつか",
"view_count": 133
}
|
[
{
"body": "I believe this いつか is referring not to sometime in the future, but to a\ncertain unspecified time in the past. This is a fairly common sense of the\nword particularly in poetic contexts, listed as the second meaning in the\n[デジタル大辞泉\nentry](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/13031/meaning/m0u/%E3%81%84%E3%81%A4%E3%81%8B/):\n\n> **２** 過去の不定の時を表す。いつぞや。以前。「何時か来た道」「何時か読んだ本」\n\nIn this case, the song's lyrics seem to be about returning to a place and\nreminiscing about memories the singer shared with someone there. So I think\nいつかの風 is referring to \"the wind from back then\", indicating that the singer is\nequating the wind they are feeling right now with the wind that they felt in\ntheir memories.\n\nThere are a number of similar cases where the past is poetically blended with\nthe present in this song - the final line about 今 時を越えて 二人の影 そっと重なるでしょう is the\nmost explicit, but there's also a line about あの日見た月を探して \"searching for the\nmoon I saw that day\". あの日見た月 and いつかの風 are quite similar constructions (they\ncould easily be rephrased as あの日の月, いつか感じた風 etc.) Does that help to clarify\nwhy the の is used here?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-02T09:19:17.120",
"id": "58299",
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58298
| null |
58299
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "58303",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "A question from my grammar textbook:\n\n> Ａ「あれ、山田さんは？もう帰った？」 \n> Ｂ「山田さんならたった今（ ）だから、まだその辺にいると思いますよ。」\n\nWhy is 帰っているところ wrong and only 帰ったところ correct? In English I think of the\nmeanings as \"he was just leaving a moment ago\" and \"he just left a moment\nago\", and I don't understand the problem in Japanese.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-02T13:09:36.473",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58302",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-02T13:33:14.690",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-02T13:33:14.690",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "26989",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "帰っているところ vs. 帰ったところ (〜ところ)",
"view_count": 268
}
|
[
{
"body": "There are multiple ways I can think of approaching this.\n\n 1. A big factor is たった今. It implies a moment in time, so it cannot be 帰っている which is something continuous. In that single moment, he \"left\".\n\n 2. まだその辺にいると思いますよ tells us the person might still be nearby, but \"nearby\" is not equal to \"here\" so he already left. In this case, he's not \"leaving\" because he's no longer there. \n\n 3. Even in English, \"he was just leaving a moment ago\" sounds awkward to me. I’m not sure if it's correct grammatically, but I personally wouldn't use this phrase. As mentioned earlier, you cannot do a continuous action in a single moment. \n\n 4. While it is the act of \"leaving/going home\", I would translate 帰っているところ as \"on my way home\" instead.\n\n〇 山田さんならたった今帰ったところだから、まだその辺にいると思いますよ。(Yamada-san just left so he might still\nbe nearby.)\n\n✕ 山田さんならたった今帰っているところだから、まだその辺にいると思いますよ。(Yamada-san just on his way home so he\nmight still be nearby)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-02T13:33:08.523",
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58302
|
58303
|
58303
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "58349",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Here is the listing from jisho.org:\n\n_お 老い common word jlpt n3 Noun 1. old age; old person; the old; the aged_\n\nDoes anyone have any usage cases for this word and/or any info on it's\ncommonality? This would also help to better understand this word, thanks!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-02T17:43:05.053",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58307",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-04T15:31:29.367",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "26328",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"words",
"usage",
"nuances"
],
"title": "Is 「老い」 in the common lingo? How does it differ from お年寄り and 年配の方 ?",
"view_count": 248
}
|
[
{
"body": "This word is very often used (But this word is a little old,so it sounds\ntheatrical display sometimes. Here is a phrase I've heard.\n\n\"老いには勝てぬ\" Age always win. \"奴も老いたな\" This pharase is used to refer someone who\nwas before very great at some area , but now lose that ability. (This phrase\nis usually used in manga).",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-02T18:12:53.150",
"id": "58308",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-02T18:12:53.150",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "29705",
"parent_id": "58307",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "In modern Japanese, 老い is a common word but it almost always refers to \"aged\n**state** \" or \"aging **process** \" rather than \"aged **person** \". You can\nsay 老いを感じる, 老いを迎える, 老いに打ち勝つ, 老いの波 (figurative expression), etc. In this sense,\nI think jisho's definition is somewhat confusing.\n\nBut as an exception:\n\n * There are a few **rare** compounds where 老い works like an adjective meaning _old_. 老い木, 老い松, ...\n * There is a relatively common set expression [老いも若きも](https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=%E8%80%81%E3%81%84%E3%82%82%E8%8B%A5%E3%81%8D%E3%82%82), where 老い seems to work as a noun meaning _old people_. As far as I can recall, this is the only case where 老い refers to people.\n\nOutside of the set expression 老いも若きも, you should use お年寄り, 老人, 年配の方 or such to\nrefer to old people.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-04T15:31:29.367",
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58307
|
58349
|
58349
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58329",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "The sentence below is said by a Kansai-spoken character but I'm not sure if\nthetwo phrases are related to the dialect.\n\n> みんなが **ああなる** 気{き｝持｛も｝ち ようわかるような **気｛き｝いします** 感｛かん｝動｛どう｝してまんね あいつら....",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-03T01:55:24.257",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58311",
"last_activity_date": "2021-06-19T23:43:51.867",
"last_edit_date": "2021-06-19T23:43:51.867",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9559",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"colloquial-language",
"manga",
"kansai-ben",
"compensatory-lengthening"
],
"title": "What do the 「ああなる」and「気いします」mean?",
"view_count": 613
}
|
[
{
"body": "The sentence should be partitioned differently.\n\nみんながああなる気持ち (が) ようわかるような気いします 感動してまんね あいつら\n\nああ means あのように in standard Japanese, while 気いします means 気がします in standard\nJapanese.\n\nSo the original sentence is translated to standard Japanese as follows:\n\nみんながあのようになる気持ち(が)よくわかるような気がします 感動してますね 彼ら(は)\n\nThe last part is an anastrophe. 感動してまんね あいつら = あいつらは感動してまんね = 彼らは感動してますね",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-03T04:35:28.613",
"id": "58312",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-03T04:35:28.613",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29787",
"parent_id": "58311",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "Regarding 「ああ」, it is only the adverbial form of the 「あ」 from the famous 「\n**こそあど** 」. It means \" ** _like that_** \", \" ** _in that manner_** \", etc.\nThus, 「ああなる」 means \" ** _to become that way_** \".\n\nNote that this has **_nothing_** to do with Kansai speech; It is used all over\nthe country.\n\nThe adverbial forms for こそあど are:\n\n> こう、そう、 **ああ** and どう\n\nWith 「ああ」 taking a different form from the other three, it might have tricked\nyou somewhat. We never say 「あう」 to mean 「ああ」.\n\nMoving on to 「気{き}い」, which has **_everything_** to do with Kansai speech. In\nKansai, many one-syllable words are pronounced by elongating the single\nvowels. So, 「気い」 simply means 「気」. 「気いします」 means 「気がします」 with the 「が」 dropped.\n\nThus, you will hear Kansai people say **in real life** :\n\n・「目{め}え」 for 「目{め}」 (\"eye\")\n\n・「歯{は}あ」 for 「歯」 (\"teeth\")\n\n・「手{て}え」 for 「手」 (\"hand\")",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-03T13:44:43.550",
"id": "58329",
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"score": 7
}
] |
58311
|
58329
|
58329
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In jsho dictionary both mean to to be cured, and both are also intransitive.\nIs there any difference?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-03T04:55:48.200",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58313",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-03T11:01:55.063",
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"owner_user_id": "29721",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What's the difference between 直る and 治る?",
"view_count": 468
}
|
[
{
"body": "I will tell from what I remember.\n\n**直る** means to be fixed.\n\n**治る** means to be cured.\n\nIn one case you're fixing something, in the other you're fixing yourself (or\nsomeone) by curing.\n\nIn the first case you're talking about something that has been fixed, in the\nsecond you're talking about someone being cured (in a hospital for example).\n\nI would recommend to use multiple dictionary ressources and to give a look at\nexample sentences to fully get the meaning of a word.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-03T11:01:55.063",
"id": "58322",
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58313
| null |
58322
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "58320",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I've been unclear about this for a while and a recent question on this site\nprompted me to ask for clarification.\n\nConsider the sentence, **犯罪が増えている**. In this sentence, **is it implied that\nthe increasing has stopped?** In other words, does 増える represent an\ninstantaneous state change between some smaller amount and some larger amount\nor does it represent a process that can continue?\n\nIf 増えている represents a progressive process and this implies that the increasing\nin continuing, is it grammatical to include an amount? Is 「三倍増えている」acceptable\nand if so, what does it mean given that the increasing changing?\n\nIf it is ambiguous, how could it be clarified?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-03T05:07:28.200",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58314",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "3296",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"words",
"て-form"
],
"title": "Is 増える a state change verb?",
"view_count": 149
}
|
[
{
"body": "犯罪が増えている by itself, with no other information supplied, indicates an ongoing\nphenomenon. \"増える\", the act of \"increasing\", either in English or in Japanese,\nis something that can happen instantaneously or over time, depending on the\ncontext.\n\n増えている CAN be used when including amounts, but in such cases it does not\nconjure an image of \"continuing increasing (past this point)\" that you might\nthing would be implied by the \"ている\" form. Instead it conjures an image of \"has\nbeen increasing, up to and including to this present time\" and as such, it can\nbe translated most naturally as a simple past tense verb. \"Crime has increased\nby 20 percent over the last 10 years.\" I can't remember having ever heard it\nused in this manner though. Simple past or present perfect continuous forms\nare more appropriate.\n\n...Though I think 増える might be more appropriately used for physical increases,\nsuch as amounts of objects, or weight.. rather than intangible things like\nnumbers of crimes, or political approval, for example.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-03T06:29:08.283",
"id": "58316",
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},
{
"body": "It depends on contexts.\n\nIf it's accompanied with 今まさに (right now), it's progressive, though you may\nwant to conjugate it into 増えていっている or てきている.\n\n三倍に増えている is interpreted as \"it has tripled\" and it's not sure how it went\nsince then without extra information.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-03T09:36:47.047",
"id": "58320",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "4092",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
58314
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58320
|
58320
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{
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"body": "The information I get from the Internet basically agree that わりと and わりに can\nbe used interchangeably as a 逆接, as shown in the below sentence,\n\n> あの人は沢山食べるけど、体は **わりと** 小さい。＝あの人は沢山食べる **わりに** 、体は小さい。\n\nBut I hear the sentence from here: 0:43 @\n<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cW42unEZ6CQ>\n\n> たくさん食べる人は普通は、 **わりと** 体が大きいですよね。\n\nI hazard a guess that here わりと means \"comparatively\", and \"わりに\" cannot be used\nhere.\n\nAnd the dictionary also says わり and わりあい are synonyms, but I am not sure if it\nis ok to say\n\n> たくさん食べる人は普通は、 **わりあいと** 体が大きいです(よね)。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-03T05:19:48.243",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58315",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-05T01:54:26.237",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-04T16:14:24.767",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "22712",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "The difference between わりと and わりに",
"view_count": 1439
}
|
[
{
"body": "わりに and わりと are not always interchangeable because they are slightly different\nin terms of the nuance, though they both signify 逆接.\n\nわりに emphasizes some property of the subject, using another property that\nusually affects the said property in an adverse manner.\n\nTake an example:\n\n> 彼は毎日ラーメンを食べるわりに健康だ。\n\nIn this sentence, the health of the subject is emphasized by presenting the\nfact that he eats ramen every day, which usually has a negative effect on the\nhealth.\n\nThis is sometimes incompatible with わりと, which emphasizes some property\ncomparing the subject to the average.\n\nTake an example:\n\n> 彼は50代にしてはわりと若く見える。\n\nIn this sentence, the subject is described to look younger than an average\nperson in his/her 50s.\n\nOne can use わりに in this case:\n\n> 彼は50代のわりに若く見える。\n\nThe replacement is possible because \"the group from which the average person\nis chosen\" is explicitly present. The average person in his/her 50s has an\nadverse property, namely the age, that affects the appearance in an adverse\nmanner.\n\nThe sentence in question:\n\n> たくさん食べる人普通は、わりと体が大きいですよね。\n\ndoes not state to which average the physique of the person should be compared.\nIn such a case the use of わりに is not possible because you do not know which\nadverse property to present.\n\nAs for your second question, わり in わりと should not be confused with the noun\nわり(proportion). They are simply different words, although I believe they have\nsimilar origins.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-03T12:24:16.420",
"id": "58324",
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{
"body": "> たくさん食べる人は普通は、 **わりと** 体が大きいです。 \n> たくさん食べる人は普通は、 **わりに** 体が大きいです。\n\nBoth sound fine to me. \nBoth [割]{わり}と and 割に can mean \"relatively/comparatively\", \"fairly\", or\n\"unexpectedly\" depending on the context.\n\n割と sounds more colloquial than 割に, just as the pairs 意外と/意外に, 自然と/自然に,\nやたらと/やたらに. (cf. [Is there any difference between 意外に and\n意外と?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/2714/9831) / [What does 意外と\nmean?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/3601/9831) / [difference between\nしきりに or しきりと?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/47817/9831) )\n\nSimilarly, you can say:\n\n> あの人は沢山食べるけど、体はわり **と** 小さい。(← わりと is an adverb. See [わりと in\n> デジタル大辞泉](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/238823/meaning/m0u/%E5%89%B2%E3%81%A8/)) \n> あの人は沢山食べるけど、体はわり **に** 小さい。(← わりに is an adverb. See [わりに in\n> デジタル大辞泉](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/238826/meaning/m0u/%E5%89%B2%E3%81%AB/)) \n> あの人は沢山食べるわり **に** 、体は小さい。(← わり in ～～わりに is a noun. See [わり #5 in\n> デジタル大辞泉](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/238763/meaning/m0u/%E3%82%8F%E3%82%8A/))\n\n... but not あの人は沢山食べるわり **と** 、体は小さい since the adverb わりと cannot be used with\n連体修飾語句 (attributive modifier). When used with 連体修飾語句, the 割 in 割に is a noun.\n\n* * *\n\n[割合]{わりあい} is originally a noun, as you may know. You might more often see it\nused as a noun, but it is an adverb, too:\n\n> わりあい【割合】 \n> ［名詞］ \n> ・・・ \n> **［副詞］** 他の物事や場合に比べてそれらの程度を超えているさま。比較的。 **割に** 。 「部屋は **割合に** きれいだ」「\n> **割合（と）** やさしい問題」 \n>\n> ([デジタル大辞泉](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/238771/meaning/m0u/%E3%82%8F%E3%82%8A%E3%81%82%E3%81%84/))\n\nSo you can use わりあい this way in your example:\n\n> たくさん食べる人は普通は、 **わりあい** 体が大きいです。 \n> たくさん食べる人は普通は、 **わりあいに** 体が大きいです。 \n> たくさん食べる人は普通は、 **わりあいと** 体が大きいです。(← more colloquial)\n\n* * *",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-04T17:45:53.420",
"id": "58350",
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}
] |
58315
| null |
58350
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "58319",
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"body": "I just started learning Japanese and I'm trying to understand the whole kanji\nthing. The book I'm using gives some kanjis and then some exercise of the\ntype: \"Write the reading of the following kanji in hiragana\", follows. I don't\nreally get them. Like this example:\n\n 1. 男子トイレ and according to the answer sheet the book provides, the reading of this word is だんし.\n\nCan someone please explain what is going on here, what is happening with the\nextra katakana there is in the word? Are these two different words or are they\ntogether. And how do you decide which reading (Chinese, Japanese, irregular)\nyou use? Or, is it by pure memorization?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-03T06:45:00.143",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58317",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-06T02:23:33.320",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29790",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"readings",
"hiragana"
],
"title": "Write the reading of the following kanji in hiragana!",
"view_count": 816
}
|
[
{
"body": "There is a lot of memorization involved for new learners of Japanese.\n\nLet me separate your points... In this case, the katakana you're confused by\nis a second word, and according to your text instructions, you can safely\nignore it. Though you should probably try and memorize your katakana and\nhiragana readings as soon as possible, since they are sound based and should\nnot be all that hard. A few hours with flashcards does a lot of good for\nmemorizing the kana.\n\nSecondly, it might help you to know that most Japanese kanji use their\nJapanese reading when standing \"alone\", but switch to their Chinese reading\nwhen combined with other kanji. It's not a perfect \"either/or\" situation, but\nit is _often_ true, as it is in this case.\n\nIt may be hard to memorize every reading of 男 and every reading of 子, but the\ncombination of those two, 男子 , is a very very common word in Japanese, so you\nshould do your best to memorize that pairing and its reading. As you might\nguess from what I said above, it's the Chinese reading. As you found in the\nbook, the reading is だんし. If you know the anime \"Daily Lives of High School\nBoys\", you will have heard this word dozens if not hundreds of times. It's\nliterally in the title. ^_^",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-03T07:03:40.850",
"id": "58319",
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"score": 1
},
{
"body": "男子 is だんし in hiragana. トイレ (katakana word for \"toilet\") is not the scope of\nthat question, but I think it was added just to add the context and\ndisambiguate the reading. You can safely ignore the katakana part and just do\nwhat is instructed; \"Write the reading of the following **kanji** \". If you\nhave already mastered kana, you can already tell which characters are kanji\nand which are not, right?\n\nYou can read 男子 as だんし in 99.9% of the time in modern Japanese, but the kanji\n男子 also has a rare historical reading,\n[おのこ](https://kobun.weblio.jp/content/%E3%82%92%E3%81%AE%E3%81%93) (をのこ). In\narchaic documents, you may have to read 男子 as おのこ. But with トイレ added, you can\nbe 100% sure that this is not in a historical context and the 男子 part is read\nas だんし. (You can forget the reading おのこ until you reach an advanced level.)\n\n男子トイレ is a common set phrase meaning \"men's toilet\" or \"gentlemen's lavatory\".\nIf you wonder why 子 is used here, see [女子 vs 女の子\nnuances](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/33913/5010) and [What are the\ndifferences between 女子{じょし}, 娘子{じょうし} and\n女{おんな}の子{こ}?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/57674/5010)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-06T02:17:53.260",
"id": "58397",
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}
] |
58317
|
58319
|
58319
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I’m having a hard time figuring out whether this is passive or potential or\nboth (if that’s possible)? And how would you literally translate it? Here’s my\nattempt: As for in this essay, many mistakes of grammar can be seen.\n\nこの作文には文法の間違いがたくさん見られる。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-03T10:53:02.153",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58321",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-03T13:20:37.050",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29791",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "Is this passive or potential form?",
"view_count": 238
}
|
[
{
"body": "> この作文には文法の間違いがたくさん見られる。\n\n質問者は、「見られる」という表現の語尾の形から、passive form（【文法】受身、受動態）、 あるいは、potential\nform:【文法】可能形のいずれであるかを質問していることは明白です。\n\n実際の日本語を使う立場で考えると、「この作文には文法の間違いがたくさん見られる。」という表現は良く使われます。そして、その意味は、「この作文には文法の間違いがたくさんある\n_There are many grammatical mistakes in this composition._\n」という意味に過ぎません。すなわち、「見られる」という表現を使っていますが、この表現を使った人は、「ある」という意味を丁寧に表現しているに過ぎず、文法的に「受身」であるか、あるいは「可能形」であるかを全く意識していないと思われます。\n\n質問者を含めて日本語を勉強している人が、「見られる」という表現を見て、passive formかpotential\nformのいずれであるかを特定したい気持ちはよくわかりますが、この表現は、いずれでもなく、単に、「間違いがたくさんある」という意味で使われていると理解することが生きた日本語を学ぶ上で大切な見方だと思います。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-03T13:07:40.993",
"id": "58327",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-03T13:07:40.993",
"last_edit_date": null,
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},
{
"body": "Technically it is passive.\n\nSuch kind of passive form that takes inanimate subjects, 非情の受け身(inanimate\npassive form), is considered an exceptional part of Japanese grammar. (Usually\npassive forms in Japanese can only take animate subjects.)\n\nIt is worth noting that according to\n[Daijisen](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%82%89%E3%82%8C%E3%82%8B-656590), the\ninanimate passive form was initially imported to Japanese from Western\nlanguages after the Meiji era.\n\nSo there is the possibility that the use of 見られる (is seen) in question:\n\n> この作文には文法の間違いがたくさん見られる。\n\nis actually derived from the English phrase \"can be seen\".\n\nPlease refer to this material for further information (it is written in\nJapanese though)\n\n<http://repository.tufs.ac.jp/bitstream/10108/57715/1/isre013001.pdf>",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-03T13:20:37.050",
"id": "58328",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"parent_id": "58321",
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"score": 5
}
] |
58321
| null |
58328
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Context: a girl from an upper class family has met the man her parents want\nher to marry. At the end of the evening, she tells him:\n\n> この度のご縁ありがたく思っております。\n\nI get that this is a super polite way of saying thank you, but I don't quite\nget what she is thanking him for. Something along the lines of \"this wonderful\noccasion/evening\"?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-03T12:44:36.130",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58326",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-03T14:03:32.307",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27499",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"politeness"
],
"title": "Understanding この度のご縁",
"view_count": 103
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「この度{たび}のご縁{えん}ありがたく思{おも}っております。」\n\nFrom this sentence alone, one could **not** say that the speaker is thanking\nthe other man any more deeply than she is showing gratitude for the\nopportunity to have been able to meet him.\n\nIf she were thanking any particular person(s), it would be everyone involved\n(the guy, her parents, etc.).\n\n> Something along the lines of \"this wonderful occasion/evening\"?\n\nThis \"opportunity\", perhaps, but certainly **_not_** \"this evening\". 「縁」 does\nnot refer to a particular time frame like \"this evening\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-03T14:03:32.307",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"score": 3
}
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58326
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58330
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"body": "Context: Someone in a group that I’m following asked a what the この in the\nfollowing sentence stands for:\n\n“わたしはゼルダ。このハイラルの王女。”\n\nI was thinking: can’t it be possible that the この here essentially means the\nsame thing as ここの. So the latter one just got changed into the first? A\npossible reason for the change might be the lack of space, as you can see on\nthe screenshot I provided along with this post.\n\nSo in short: is it possible for ここの to be changed into この given the right\ncircumstances?\n\n[Screenshot taken from the game the person was\nplaying.](https://i.stack.imgur.com/axKPa.jpg)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-03T17:21:29.033",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58331",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "29797",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Is there a situation where ここの can be shortened / changed to この?",
"view_count": 136
}
|
[
{
"body": "ここの can't change to この. We commonly say この+noun for \"this+a noun\", so we say\nこのハイラル for \"this ハイラル\". For example, we say この国 for a word \"this country\", not\nここの国.\n\nIn addition, ここの can mean \"belong here\". For example, この料理 means \"this dish\",\nここの料理 means \"dishes that belong to this restaurant\", that is この店の料理(dishes of\nthis restaurant).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-03T20:24:15.077",
"id": "58334",
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"score": 2
},
{
"body": "I think in this context, the meaning of この is that of a simple \"this\", but for\nemphasis.\n\n> わたしはゼルダ。 **この** ハイラルの王女。 \n> I am Zelda. Princess of **this** (kingdom of) Hyrule.\n\nDo note that there is no pronunciation emphasis, I've just highlighted where\nthis fits.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"id": "58354",
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"score": 2
}
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58331
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58334
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{
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"answer_count": 1,
"body": "「忍ぶれど」 is the title of _Taira no Kanemori_ 's _waka_ poem in _Ogura Hyakunin\nIsshu_ and I'd like to know the translation of this title in English.\n\nI already looked up the meanings and\n\n**「忍ぶ」** means\n\n 1. to conceal oneself; to hide\n 2. to endure\n\nBut I can't find the meaning of 「れど」\n\nCan anyone help me?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-03T19:05:20.113",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58332",
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"owner_user_id": "29798",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"verbs",
"conjugations",
"classical-japanese",
"conjunctions"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of 「れど」 in the waka poem title 「忍ぶれど」?",
"view_count": 235
}
|
[
{
"body": "Literally 忍ぶれど would translate to something like \"even though I hide/conceal\nit\". Here\n\n * 忍ぶれ【しのぶれ】 is the [已然形](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B2%E7%84%B6%E5%BD%A2) of the [上二段活用](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E4%BA%8C%E6%AE%B5%E6%B4%BB%E7%94%A8) verb 忍ぶ.\n\n * ど is a conjunctive particle indicating contrast\n\n> ### ど\n>\n> （接助）\n>\n> 活用語の已然形に接続する。\n>\n> ① 逆接の確定条件を表す。実際に起こった事柄を条件としてあげ、その条件のもとでは、反対の結果が現れることを表す。が。けれども。\n> 「子は京に宮づかへしければ、まうづとしけれ－、しばしばえまうでず／伊勢 84」 「格子をあげたりけれ－、守、心なしとむつかりて、おろしつれば／源氏\n> 帚木」\n>\n> ② 一定の条件を示して、その条件のもとでは、それと背反関係にある事態がいつも起こることを表す。たとえ…たとしても。\n> 「二人行け－行き過ぎかたき秋山をいかにか君がひとり越ゆらむ／万葉集 106」 「いにしへの古体の鏡は…人てふれね－、かくぞあかき／大鏡 後一条」\n> 〔現代語では、「といえど」「と思えど」など、限られた言い方の中でしか用いられない。「暑いといえ－、我慢できないことはない」「言うまいと思え－今日の暑さかな」〕\n>\n> 大辞林 via [kotobank.jp](https://kotobank.jp/)",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-03T19:44:41.607",
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58332
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58333
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "58337",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In a novel I encountered a question that consists only from a 〜ば conditional.\nThe speaker doesn’t want to go downstairs and is suggesting someone else to do\nthat for him:\n\n> 「降りれば？」\n\nThe meaning is quite clear from the context and I’d translate it like “Maybe\nyou could go there?” or similar.\n\nStill I can’t figure out why does it convey this meaning. The sentence looks\nlike an ellipse to me, where the second part is missing and only the 〜ば part\nremains. But what is the other part? Which meaning of the 〜ば conjunction is\nthe one here?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-04T03:15:58.987",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58336",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-04T06:30:44.330",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "10104",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"questions",
"conditionals"
],
"title": "Question with only 〜ば conditional",
"view_count": 130
}
|
[
{
"body": "This is probably a casual suggestion rather than a question, \"Why don't you go\ndownstairs?\" Depending on the context, it may sound like an indifferent\npermission, \"(Do as you like,) I don't mind if you go downstairs.\" This is a\nvery common pattern you should memorize, but the full sentence would be\nsomething like \"降りればいいんじゃない(の)(か)?\" (literally \"It's okay if you go\ndownstairs, isn't it?\")\n\nOf course the same sentence can sometimes work as a simple question, \"What if\nI go downstairs?\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-04T06:30:44.330",
"id": "58337",
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"score": 3
}
] |
58336
|
58337
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58337
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The girl from the rich family writes to the guy who she has now developed\nfeelings for:\n\n> あなたと一緒に過ごせる日々を私が可能な限り応えたいと思えるようになりました。\n\nI've seen 応えたい with words like 期待、要求 or 想い, but with 日々? Does she implicitly\nmean \"the happiness I have felt during the days I have spent with you\"? And\nthat she wants to give the same happiness to him? Or is it more along the\nlines of \"I came to think that I want to make the time we spend together a\nhappy one\"?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-04T06:40:09.697",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58338",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-04T09:04:25.897",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27499",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning"
],
"title": "What could 日々を応える mean?",
"view_count": 129
}
|
[
{
"body": "This is very difficult. The author use \"応える\" in somewhat his original way.We\ndon't say 日々に応える. I read the original text. In my opinion,\nあなたと一緒に過ごせる日々を私が可能な限り応えたいと思えるようになりました。means\nあなたと一緒に過ごすかけがえのない日々を私に可能な限り大切にして過ごしたいと思えるようになりました。.If the guy you say also\nhave the feeling for her, this \"応える\" may equals to \"恋心に応える\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-04T09:04:25.897",
"id": "58341",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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58338
| null |
58341
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58348",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> 私は日本語を話しません\n>\n> 私は日本語が話しません\n\nI've seen both versions on the Internet. Maybe only one is the correct\nversion? Maybe both?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-04T07:22:59.730",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58339",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-04T17:21:02.380",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-04T15:16:42.250",
"last_editor_user_id": "29347",
"owner_user_id": "22787",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"negation"
],
"title": "What's the difference between saying 私は日本語を話しません vs 私は日本語が話しません?",
"view_count": 5030
}
|
[
{
"body": "私は日本語を話しません means \"I don't speak Japanese\". 日本語が話しません is unnatural because\nthis が is the subject marker, so it means \"Japanese language doesn't speak\".\nHowever 日本語は話しません make sense.\n\nThis usage of は is the contrastive-marker function. The difference of が and は\nis already explained in this. [What's the difference between wa (は) and ga\n(が)?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/22/whats-the-difference-\nbetween-wa-%e3%81%af-and-ga-%e3%81%8c)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-04T14:40:53.057",
"id": "58347",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-04T17:21:02.380",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-04T17:21:02.380",
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"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "58339",
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"score": 2
},
{
"body": "日本語が話しません is ungrammatical. It sounds very unnatural. The following is the\nsummary of what is OK and what is not:\n\n> * 私は日本語 **を** 話しません: OK\n> * 私は日本語 **は** 話しません: OK\n> * 私は日本語 **が** 話しません: **Wrong!**\n> * 私は日本語 **を** 話せません: OK\n> * 私は日本語 **は** 話せません: OK\n> * 私は日本語 **が** 話せません: OK\n>\n\n話す is a transitive verb (like English \"speak\"), so basically its object must\nbe marked with を. But there are several exceptions you have to consider.\n\n * Exception (1): When the object is decorated by the topic marker, をは turns into は (or は replaces を). \n * [は is used for Objective 格助詞](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/52336/5010)\n * [Particle は replacing を - where does the stress lie?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/14708/5010)\n * [What is the subject of this sentence? Is it the book (mentioned) or the author (who is not mentioned)?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/17571/5010)\n * Exception (2): When the verb is potential, the object can be marked with が, too. (話せる is the potential form of 話す) \n * [The difference between が and を with the potential form of a verb.](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/609/5010)\n * Exception (3): Using two は in one sentence is [fine in a negative sentence](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/1077/5010). 私は日本語は話します is still grammatical, but the second は will have a strong contrastive meaning.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-04T15:00:43.260",
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}
] |
58339
|
58348
|
58347
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{
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"body": "My textbook says 〜を望む means \"look forward to\". I usually use 〜楽しみにしている for\nthis purpose. What's the difference?\n\n",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-04T07:39:12.400",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58340",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-06T04:03:30.097",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-05T02:45:50.370",
"last_editor_user_id": "26989",
"owner_user_id": "26989",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"nuances"
],
"title": "〜を望む vs. 〜楽しみにしている",
"view_count": 260
}
|
[
{
"body": "Are you sure your textbook says \"nozomu\" means \"look forward to\"? Because\n\n望む nozomu basically means \"to hope for/to desire\", NOT \"to look forward to\".\nAs you thought, 楽しむ tanoshimu means \"to enjoy/have fun\". 楽しみにする means \"to look\nforward to\"\n\nI am not sure why your textbook would make such a claim. I am tempted to say\nit's either a typo or some sort of misunderstanding.\n\nthanks @Yuuichi Tam for pointing out an earlier error.\n\nThanks for including the photo of your textbook entry. It clears things up a\nlot. @Chocolate is right in his/her comment, the textbook's use of 望む there\nreads MUCH more like \"hope to get married\" or \"really want to get married\" . I\nhave never seen this phrase before. It seems like an odd pairing.\n\nAlthough, now that I think about it, a bride or groom might think it's strange\nto use 楽しみにしている for 結婚. It's an interesting question.\n\nSearching for instances of 結婚を望む online, there are over 400,000 hits, but the\nphrase is used on those webpages (the few I checked) to talk about a strong\ndesire to get married.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-04T13:59:56.450",
"id": "58345",
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58340
|
58345
|
58345
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{
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"body": "Everywhere I tried searching 気象庁 on the internet, I found that it is only\nassociated with JMA. But my 先生 firmly argues that 気象庁 does not only mean JMA\nbut general meteorological observatory/agency. I found 気象台 for general\nobservatory but my sensei is adamant so I wanted to hear it from natives.\nThanks a lot in advance!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-04T09:24:29.567",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58342",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-04T15:09:23.920",
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"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29803",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Is 気象庁 used only for JMA or any general meteorological observatory?",
"view_count": 124
}
|
[
{
"body": "庁 is a kanji for _national_ agencies, so you cannot use 庁 for observatories in\ngeneral. For example, a weather station run by a university or a private\ncompany is definitely not 庁, although it may be called a 気象台 or 気象観測所. World\nMeteorological Organization run by the UN is not 気象庁, either. Here is the\ncurrent list of Japanese 庁:\n[https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/庁](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BA%81)\n\n庁 itself can be used for other countries' national agencies similar to\nJapanese 庁. For example there is\n[大韓民国気象庁](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%97%E8%B1%A1%E5%BA%81)\nin Korea. Still, not all national organizations in charge of weather are run\nin the form similar to Japanese 庁, so 庁 is not a suitable generic term for\nthem. For example, Italian Meteorological Service is a sub-unit of Italian\narmy, so it's not a 庁.\n\nJapanese Wikipedia has a list of government-run meteorological offices:\n[https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/気象機関の一覧](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%97%E8%B1%A1%E6%A9%9F%E9%96%A2%E3%81%AE%E4%B8%80%E8%A6%A7)\nJudging from this and some articles linked from this, there is no simple\n\"generic term\" for JMA-like organizations in various countries. You have to\nsay 気象機関, 気象に関する国家機関, etc.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-04T13:58:11.587",
"id": "58344",
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58342
| null |
58344
|
{
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"body": "I've been listening to a lot of music, and I've always seen Ai 愛 Koi 恋 and\nren'ai 恋愛 used the same. Any help? Thanks! :)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-04T17:59:45.210",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58351",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-04T22:50:06.990",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-04T22:50:06.990",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "29804",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words",
"wago-and-kango"
],
"title": "What is the difference between koi, ai, and renai? 恋、愛、恋愛",
"view_count": 7957
}
|
[
{
"body": "恋【こい】 and 恋愛【れんあい】 are basically the same. They both mean romantic love or\nromance, that feeling based on sexual attraction. 恋 is a [native-Japanese\nword](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamato_kotoba) ( _wago_ or _yamato-kotoba_\n) whereas 恋愛 is a [Sino-Japanese word](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-\nJapanese_vocabulary) ( _kango_ ). Generally speaking, Sino-Japanese words tend\nto sound more technical or formal, as discussed in\n[this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/33685/5010),\n[this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/36422/5010) and\n[this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/17935/5010). 恋愛 is the preferred\nword in news articles, verdicts and such. Well, in this specific case, 恋愛 is\ncommonly used in casual situations, too. Still, 恋愛 tends to sound somewhat\nobjective, whereas 恋 sounds more...romantic.\n\n愛 is more generic familial love, human love, God's love, etc. The difference\nfrom 恋 is already covered in existing questions. See: [Love in the air: 愛ｘ恋\n{あい vs こい}](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/2246/5010) and [Translating a\nsentence with 恋 and 愛](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/56984/5010)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-04T22:19:30.393",
"id": "58358",
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"score": 7
}
] |
58351
| null |
58358
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "58365",
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"body": "I was reading an article in the \"Easy Japanese\" app about Mother's day flowers\nand stumbled upon this sentence:\n\n農家【のうか】の小河原一雄【こがわらかずお】さんは「お母【かあ】さんに『ありがとう』の気持【きも】ちを伝える【つたえる】お手伝い【おてつだい】ができたらいいなと思います【おもいます】」と言っています【いっています】。\n\nI'm struggling to understand the meaning/nuance of the sentence, besides\nsomething along the lines of \"Farmer Kogawarakazuo said, 'I think it's good if\nI helped to convey thankful feelings to mothers.'\"\n\nCould you please explain the meaning of the sentence, especially the\n\"～できたらいいなと思います\" part?",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-04T21:02:36.480",
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"owner_user_id": "27915",
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"tags": [
"grammar"
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"title": "できたら Mother's Day Grammar Breakdown",
"view_count": 305
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[
{
"body": "> 農家{のうか}の小河原一雄{こがわらかずお}さんは「お母{かあ}さんに『ありがとう』の気持\n> {きも}ちを伝{つた}えるお手伝{てつだ}いができたらいいなと思{おも}います」と言{い}っています。\n\n～～できたらいいな **と** 思います ＝ 「～～できたらいいな」 **と** 思います\n\nThus, the 「と」 is quotative. Kogawara is quoting his own\nthought/idea/feeling/hope here. \" ** _I think it would be great if I could\n~~_** \"\n\nThis sentence is actually quite complex (for being called Easy Japanese) in\nterms of expressing who does what. Here is a list of **actions and their\nperformers**.\n\nお母さんに『ありがとう』の気持ちを伝える (\"to convey their gratitude to their mothers\") ⇒\n**people**\n\nお手伝いができたらいいなと思います (to think it would be great to be of help [to those people\nmentioned above]) ⇒ **Kogawara**\n\n言っています (to be saying) ⇒ **Kogawara**\n\nAs usual, the performers are generally unmentioned. In this case, the only one\nexplicitly mentioned (out of the three) is Kogarawa for the action of\n「言っています」.\n\n> Kazuo Kogawara, the farmer, says \"It would be great if I could help people\n> convey their feelings of thankfulness to their mothers.\"",
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58353
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58365
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58365
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"body": "In [a scene](https://www.dropbox.com/s/l9i2e2grbe0xor7/uduki.mp3?dl=0) from\nthe Japanese movie\n「[四月物語](https://www.wikiwand.com/ja/%E5%9B%9B%E6%9C%88%E7%89%A9%E8%AA%9E)」,\nthe heroine introduced herself, saying 「[卯月]{うづき}です」, which is her given name.\n\nThe 「月」 part is kind of whispered (?) , and sounds to me more close to 「すき」.\n\nI'm wondering how this line would sound to native Japanese speakers, e.g. will\nit be confused with 「すき」?",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-04T22:14:59.283",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"pronunciation"
],
"title": "「卯月」 pronounced as 「うすき」(?)",
"view_count": 158
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|
[
{
"body": "I am a native speaker, and this うづき was not confusing. The person clearly\npronounced う-ず-き, although she was speaking in a mild whispering voice.\n\nNote that \"zu\" and \"dzu\" are two\n[allophones](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/9333/5010) of ず/づ in\nJapanese, and \"zu\" tends to appear in the middle of a word. You may not hear a\nburst of air when ず/づ is pronounced in the middle of a word. Also note that\nmost Japanese people pronounce ず and づ exactly the same way, although づ is\nsometimes romanized as \"dzu\" or \"du\". For details, see [/d, z/\nneutralization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_phonology#/d,_z/_neutralization)\nand [Yotsugana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yotsugana).",
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"creation_date": "2018-05-04T22:39:33.090",
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58357
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58359
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58359
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"body": "This question is a bit challenging for me.\n\nI mean, [Weblio](https://ejje.weblio.jp/sentence/content/what+does+it+mean)\ngives me a hint that I should probably translate the part “what does it mean?\nto どういう意味ですか。\n\nThe sticking point for me is translating “to be Japanese”. The phrase in this\ncontext implies that it is referring to Japanese people born and raised in\nJapan, and are “part of the club”, as it were.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-04T23:32:11.420",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "What's a good way to translate “What does it mean to be Japanese?”",
"view_count": 608
}
|
[
{
"body": "Unless you are talking about the meaning of a word or phrase, it would\n_**not**_ be very natural to use 「どういう意味{いみ}ですか」.\n\nNatural ways to say what you want to say this time would include:\n\n> 「日本人{にほんじん}であることの意味{いみ}とは何{なん}なのでしょうか。」\n>\n> 「日本人であるとは,（一体{いったい}）何{なに}を意味するのでしょか。」\n>\n> 「日本人であるということには、（はたして）どんな意味があるのでしょうか。」",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-05T01:06:22.320",
"id": "58364",
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{
"body": "I guess you meant to ask \"what makes a person Japanese\" or \"how a Japanese\nperson is defined\". Actually it is easier to translate these versions into\nJapanese, which I believe as a Japanese speaker are more English.\n\nThe former phrase is usually translated into a literary-style idiom:\n\n> 日本人を日本人たらしめるものは何ですか\n\nFYI たらしめる is decomposed into たる (auxiliary verb \"to be\", たら in irrealis form)\nfollowed by しめる (causative auxiliary verb, しめる in attributive form).\n\nThe latter is put simply like:\n\n> 日本人の定義は何ですか",
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"creation_date": "2018-05-05T03:47:25.163",
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58364
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"body": "Today I wanted to express that it hurts when my cat jumps on my stomach, so I\nsaid:\n\n\"猫がお腹の上に跳ね上がるとすごく痛い。\"\n\nbut my friend corrected me to 上で. I asked another friend, who also said で\nmakes sense. While I understand the difference between で and に, this didn't\nmake sense to me at first because I thought で should be where the action takes\nplace, not where the action is resulting. And even if one couldn't use に\ndirectly, I was thinking there should be at least some phrase like に向かって that\ncould be used. Or maybe 跳ね上がる was the wrong word to use from the start, and I\nshould have used another word like 飛び上がる. Could anyone enlighten me?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-05T04:07:36.300",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58367",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "11498",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"words"
],
"title": "Particle to use with 跳ね上がる",
"view_count": 111
}
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[
{
"body": "I made a post on HelloTalk to see what people thought. I used the example\nsentence, \"猫{ねこ}がテーブルの上{うえ}(に・で)跳{は}ね上{あ}がった。\" and got quite a few responses.\nHere are some of them, translated:\n\n * \"If you use で, it feels like the cat was already on top of the table.\"\n * \"If you use で, it means the cat jumped from the table. に is better.\"\n * \"I think it's に.\"\n * \"テーブルの上に飛{と}び乗{の}った。テーブルの上｛うえ}にピョンと飛{と}び乗{の}った。 I think these are used more often.\"\n * \"テーブルの上に飛{と}び乗{の}ってきた。Perhaps it might depend on the region what people say.\"\n\nIt made me curious that people used 飛{と}び乗{の}る, which is defined by both Jim\nBreen's dictionary and Daijirin/Daijisen as jumping onto a moving object, like\na horse or a car. One of the commenters said a lot of people use it this way\ntoo, however.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-05T04:30:10.083",
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{
"body": "The place is here not literally the place where it takes place but rather the\nlimits of where the action can take place for the statement to be true. The で\nhere is like a combination of ‘because’ and ‘within’.\n\n> 東京 **で** 漫画喫茶に行きたい\n\nYou can look at this in two ways. Either Tokyo is the place where you want the\naction to take place, or you can think of Tokyo being the place the statement\nis limited to.\n\nTo come back to your example, in this instance it’s clearly a limiting で\nbecause the statement is only true when part before it is met. You might not\nlike the cat to jump onto other places too, but this particular place takes\nprésidence over the other possibilities.",
"comment_count": 10,
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58368
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{
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"body": "So recently I've been interested in quotes from the Japanese version of LoL.\nBlitzcrank's quote is \"起動完了、しつどう可能\"\n\nThe English version is \"fired up and ready to serve\"\n\n<https://youtu.be/kZ5LyBQAT0E?t=28>\n\nFirstly, I understand 'kanou' means possible or feasible and usually states\nthat something is available for something to be done to it such as 購入可能\nmeaning now available for purchase. But the usage in this case has confused me\na bit. Can it mean 'ready' as well.\n\nSecondly, i can't find the meaning of shitsudou anywhere, (have i herd it\nwrong?).\n\nOr have i completely misunderstood the meaning of the second half of the\nquote?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-05T04:52:15.403",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58371",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-05-05T04:55:53.037",
"last_editor_user_id": "26263",
"owner_user_id": "26263",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "Usages of Kanou and meaning of shitsudou",
"view_count": 180
}
|
[
{
"body": "> have i herd it wrong\n\nI think they probably meant 出動(し _ゅ_ つどう Shu-tu-do-u) rather than しつどう.\n\n> Can it mean 'ready' as well\n\nIt _doesn't necessarily_ mean 'ready' according to several\n[dictionaries](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E5%8F%AF%E8%83%BD-465472), but it\ndoes make sense.\n\nIf I were to translate that sentence and told to preserve the word 'ready,' I\nwould say\n\n> 起動完了、出動 _準備完了_\n\nwhich uses words that translates to 'ready.'",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-05T05:04:57.747",
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58371
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58372
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58372
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{
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"body": "<https://vocaroo.com/i/s1KAqThhtwgd> \nThey're playing cat's cradle loudly and this exchange happens, but I can't\nunderstand what's being said after \"少女らよ、もう少々静かにしてもらえまいか。\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-05T05:06:30.407",
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"owner_user_id": "15801",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"listening"
],
"title": "Can't understand what they're saying (listening)",
"view_count": 125
}
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[
{
"body": "おそらく「[尺取虫【しゃくとりむし】](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gfttPgjSCoA)～！」「きゃー可愛いー！」だと思いますが、アニメなら絵と合わせて判断してください。\n\n * [https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/シャクトリムシ](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3%E3%82%AF%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%B7)",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-05T22:17:36.487",
"id": "58393",
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58373
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58393
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58393
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{
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"body": "Context: Mecha anime soundtrack.\n\nI know that 天 is akin to \"heavenly,\" but I've never seen 吼 before, and I can't\nfind a translation -- or even another use in Japanese -- online at all. In\ntraditional Chinese it means \"roar,\" and all-in-all that makes some contextual\nsense, but I'm not comfortable just mashing the two together like that. Is\nthis actually a Chinese title in the middle of a Japanese soundtrack, or is\nthis a kanji I need to be educated on?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-05T06:21:09.783",
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"id": "58374",
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"owner_user_id": "9134",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"kanji",
"definitions",
"chinese"
],
"title": "I can't translate 天吼",
"view_count": 194
}
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[
{
"body": "吼 means something along the lines of **cry** or **roar**. So think of it as a\nnoise like 鳴【なる】.\n\n * 吼【ほ】える = to bark, to howl\n * 咆吼【ほうこう】= a howl, cry (alternative to 咆哮)\n * 獅子吼【ししく】 = lion’s roar\n * 帆猿【ほえざる】 = Howler Monkey\n * 吼【ほ】え声【ごえ】= a bark, a howl\n\nSo I guess it’s a term that’s made up for an anime or game. You said it was\nused in a song? It sometimes happens they coin new words in those (especially\nin anime and game related music). For the pronunciation you’d have to listen\nto the song though. If I had to make a guess, it would be **てんこう**.\n\nThe meaning, however, is straightforward: **heavenly roar**.\n\nedited: provided more examples.",
"comment_count": 6,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-05T06:38:44.847",
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58374
|
58375
|
58375
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{
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"body": "I do not know the grammatical meaning of \"は\" and when to add a \"は\" in between\nthe quotative particle and the verb, namely \"とは思う\".\n\nHere is the example sentence without \"は\",\n\n> > 拡大終了か **と** 思われた西之島にまだ拡大の望みはある事が判明\n\nAnd the example sentence with \"は\".\n\n> > Q: 売れない商品は削除すべき？\n>>\n\n>> A:削除される方も多いか **とは** 思われますが、残しておくことをおすすめ致します！",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-05T07:40:52.173",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particle-は"
],
"title": "Why do we need \"は\" in \"とは思う\"",
"view_count": 590
}
|
[
{
"body": "Simply, は in this type of とは is a contrast marker. ～とは is commonly used with\nだが, けれども, etc.\n\n> * 悪くないと **は** 言ったが、最高だと **は** 言っていない。\n> * 勝ちたいと **は** 思うが、難しいだろう。\n> * 食べたいと **は** 思いますよ。 \n> Well, I want to eat it. (But...) \n> (contrast implied; there is a reason he cannot eat it)\n>\n\nOf course とは has other usages, 「彼が学校の先生だった **とは** 驚いた。」「チワワ **とは** 犬の一種です。」",
"comment_count": 1,
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58396
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"body": "I have this sentence (down below) that should mean \" _In this right moment_ \"\nbut I'd like to say something more \" _Right in this moment_ \"... \" _right_ \"\nsould be intended as intensifier, not as adjective with the strict meaning of\n\" _correct_ \".\n\nこの正角な时间に\n\nThis could be intended as I do or I'm forced to translate it differently? If\nyes, how?\n\nMy problem is that I can use only very simplified kanji, nothing too complex\nto write.\n\nCan you help me?\n\n* * *\n\nfor @droooze (thank you very much for you patience):\n\nSomething like _that_ (img) could work in Japanese language, and, most\nimportant, is it actually Japanese?\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MhmYV.png)\n\n* * *\n\nSo if I present this* I can be sure that the right line means \" _right in this\nmoment / at this very moment_ \", right? Even if with \" _moment_ \" isn't\nintended a flashy instant but a longer moment, something more similar to the\nconcept of \" _time_ \"... right?\n\n*\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Mbmvy.png)\n\n(The second line should mean \"I am alive\")",
"comment_count": 13,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-05T07:52:32.460",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"word-choice",
"kanji"
],
"title": "この正角な时间に : \"right\" can be intended as \"right now\" or is it just \"correct\"?",
"view_count": 294
}
|
[
{
"body": "If you can use \"right\" as the meaning of \"right now\" in Japanese, they are\nちょうど今、まさに今. So \"Right in this moment\" would be translated as\n\"ちょうどこの瞬間\"、\"まさにこの瞬間\"、\"今この瞬間\" and so on. You can change the word \"瞬間\" to \"時\",\nbut if your friend want to tattoo it, I think 瞬間 is cooler.",
"comment_count": 17,
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"body": "Apologies is this is an easy to answer or hard to explain question... \nIn English we often use demonstrative pronouns to reference what we just\ntalked about.\n\nFor example: \nThe busiest stations in the world are in Japan. Such as Shinjuku, Shibuya, or\nUmeda. Everyday, millions of people use **these** stations.\n\nNow I've always had issues with trying this in Japanese. \n世界に一番忙しい駅は日本にあります。例えば、しんじゅく駅やしぶや駅やうめだ駅です。毎日、数百万の人は「 **何々** 」を使います。\n\nInitially, I feel like I would just drop the は and just do 毎日、数百万の人が使います。Is\nthis the only way to get the same meaning?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-05T09:45:44.853",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58378",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-05-05T13:43:49.657",
"last_editor_user_id": "29806",
"owner_user_id": "29806",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice",
"words",
"pronouns"
],
"title": "Talking about contextual things... Which Pronouns to use?",
"view_count": 113
}
|
[
{
"body": "The most natural phrase choices there would include:\n\n> 「これらの駅{えき}」 or 「これらの[3駅]{さんえき}」.\n\nThis might surprise you, but quite a few native speakers would aslo use:\n\n> 「この3駅」\n\nwhich is also a very natural phrase for us natve speakers.\n\nWhat you would rarely see/hear us use in this particular context is just the\npronoun 「これら」.\n\nFinally, this has nothing to do with your question, but you need to say 「世界\n**で** 一番」 instead of 「世界 **に** 一番」.\n\nAnd it is 「数百万の人 **が** 」 and not 「数百万の人 **は** 」.\n\n> Initially, I feel like I would just drop the は and just do 毎日、数百万の人が使います。Is\n> this the only way to get the same meaning?\n\nThat is actually a good idea. It would even be better if you used the emphatic\n「もの」 instead of the plain 「の」 and said 「数百万人 **もの** 人（or 人々）」.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-05T14:17:21.087",
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"score": 2
}
] |
58378
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58384
|
58384
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58395",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The following question is taken from a JLPT N1 grammar/expressions prep book:\n\n> 彼女はよほど花が好きらしい。家の（ ）花でいっぱいだ。\n>\n> １ 中といわず外といわず ２ 中といっても外といっても\n>\n> ３ 中はともかく外も ４ 中外もかまわず\n\nIn the book, no. 1 is listed as the correct answer, but no explanation is\ngiven. I've asked my Japanese teacher why, but she was equally puzzled. To me\nit seems nos. 1, 2 and 4 are all equivalent or have the same meaning.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-05T11:18:04.220",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58379",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-06T00:09:32.093",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "16165",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"expressions",
"jlpt"
],
"title": "Why is 「～といわず」 the correct expression in this sentence?",
"view_count": 234
}
|
[
{
"body": "First, AといわずBといわず is a set expression, \"whether A or B\", \"no matter it's A or\nB\", \"both A and B\", etc. See [Learn JLPT N1 Grammar: といわず (to\niwazu)](https://japanesetest4you.com/flashcard/learn-\njlpt-n1-grammar-%E3%81%A8%E3%81%84%E3%82%8F%E3%81%9A-to-iwazu/) and\n[～といわず～といわず（JLPT N1 Grammar）](http://japanese.snowfox-video-\ncourse.com/2016/12/02/%EF%BD%9E%E3%81%A8%E3%81%84%E3%82%8F%E3%81%9A%EF%BD%9E%E3%81%A8%E3%81%84%E3%82%8F%E3%81%9A%EF%BC%88jlpt-n1-grammar%EF%BC%89/).\n\n * No. 2 almost looks like gibberish to me... What is this といっても supposed to mean?\n * No. 3 is grammatically fine, but 家の中は **ともかく** admits it's natural for an ordinary person to have many flowers in a house. The sentence is saying something like \"Having many flowers inside a house is understandable, but she even has many flowers outside!\"\n * No. 4 is also grammatically fine, but this も (\"even\") feels too strong, \" _even_ without worrying...\" or \" _even_ without regard for...\". 構う (\"concern\", \"worry\", \"bother\"...) also feels slightly inappropriate. The sentence would sound like she is an inconsiderate person who does not pay attention to where to place flowers.\n\nYou can also say 家の内外(を)問わず花でいっぱいだ, although this may be a bit too stiff.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-05T23:58:03.303",
"id": "58395",
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58379
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58395
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58395
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "58394",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Im using [this\nthread](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/12795/whats-the-\ndifference-between-ga-and-o-when-they-are-used-to-designate-a-direc) for a\nwhile as a base for choosing 'o' or 'Ga' particles, and most of the time I hit\ncorrectly if there is a need for 'Ga' or 'Wa' particle.\n\nHowever, I couldn't understand what is the difference between those sentences\nthat makes the use of 'Wa' over 'O':\n\n```\n\n - doru o motte imasu.\n - doru wa takusan motte imasu.\n \n```\n\nSince the using of the particles depends not only on the verb, but on the form\nof the verb, which are the same on both sentences - Can I assume that using\n'Sukoshi' or 'Takusan' are preceded by 'Wa' particle?\n\nThanks for your help and for your time :)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-05T11:18:45.190",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58380",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-05T23:30:40.777",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-05T11:26:49.090",
"last_editor_user_id": "29807",
"owner_user_id": "29807",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particles"
],
"title": "Using 'Wa' and 'O' particles",
"view_count": 842
}
|
[
{
"body": "(Does this _doru_ mean doll or dollar? For the sake of simplicity, let me\nassume we are talking about a doll, because it's a very simple tangible noun.)\n\n> Can I assume that using 'Sukoshi' or 'Takusan' are preceded by 'Wa'\n> particle?\n\nNo, you cannot. The particle choice depends on the context, what you want to\nfocus in this particular sentence. The adverb _takusan_ does not affect the\nparticle choice. Let us remove that adverb for now and think about the\ndifference between the following two sentences:\n\n 1. ドールを持っています。 \nDōru **o** motte imasu.\n\n 2. ドールは持っています。 \nDōru **wa** motte imasu.\n\nBoth sentences are grammatical. Although these are both translated into\nEnglish as \"I have dolls\", in Japanese, you have to choose the correct\nparticle depending on the context.\n\nAs you know, 持つ _motsu_ is a transitive verb that basically takes an object\nmarked with を. But when an object is _topicalized_ , は replaces を. See [this\nchart](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/17574/5010). So the first sentence\nis a \"plain\" version, and the second one is a version where the object, _dōru_\n, is marked as the topic of the sentence.\n\nWhat does that mean? The は-version is used when _dōru_ has been already\nmentioned in the conversation and you want to say something about it. You\ndon't introduce something into the conversation using a topic marker.\n\n> A: (Do you have dolls? / We need some doll for the event tomorrow.) \n> B: Dōru **wa** (takusan) motte imasu.\n\nThe を-version is used to introduce _dōru_ into the conversation for the first\ntime. Typically this is true when you start some story with this sentence, or\nwhen you respond to a question where _dōru_ itself is the answer.\n\n> A: (What's that in your hand? / What's your hobby?) \n> B: Dōru **o** (takusan) motte imasu.\n\nAgain, the adverb _takusan_ is optional. It doesn't affect the particle\nchoice. In case you didn't know about the function of は as the topic marker,\nplease read: [What's the difference between wa (は) and ga\n(が)?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/22/5010)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-05T23:30:40.777",
"id": "58394",
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58380
|
58394
|
58394
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "\"Like 優しい, the na-adjective 親切(しんせつ) means “kind,” and it is used to evaluate\nsomeone who does something kind for a person in trouble or is considerate to\nothers. However, 親切 is used to describe the character of someone based on\nhis/her action, and is not usually used when referring to one’s own family or\nclose friends. \"\n[source](https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2016/05/16/language/two-kind-\ncomplementary-compliments-yasashii-shinsetsu/#.Wu16NnOxU0M)\n\nWhy 親切 is incompatible with \"describing the character of someone based on\nhis/her action\" when referring to one’s own family or close friends ?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-05T13:02:30.853",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58383",
"last_activity_date": "2018-07-30T04:16:49.473",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25980",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"usage"
],
"title": "Why 親切 is not usually used when referring to one’s own family or close friends?",
"view_count": 165
}
|
[] |
58383
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am having trouble in using or interpreting a sentence that uses the japanese\ngrammatical term 'you ni\". Please don't confuse it with other grammatical\nstructures such as 'no you ni\" or \"you'. This is quite confusing for me due to\nthe fact that \"you ni\",based on my searches, means \"so that\" or something\nsimilar to it,but i listen to a sentence that uses \"you ni\" but i believe that\nthe meaning \"so that\" doesn't fit properly.Thanks for your help!",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-05T15:43:39.100",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58387",
"last_activity_date": "2018-11-03T03:00:30.560",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29812",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"conjunctions"
],
"title": "Many Usages of the term \"you ni\" in conversational speech",
"view_count": 515
}
|
[
{
"body": "I'm going to take a stab at this. Hopefully, this will be very informative.\n\nI think the term you're referring to has this as a Chinese character: 様. In\nfact, you might want to look at this [Wiktionary\npage](https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%A7%98).\n\nAs a na-adjective, 様/よう has two definitions:\n\n 1. be like, look like, seem like, as if, having the likeness of.\n\n 2. I hope, I pray, may. (written as ように at the end of the sentence).\n\nHere are the conjugations of 様な/ような:\n\n * The imperfective stem form is 様だろ/ようだろ.\n * The continuative stem form is 様で/ようで.\n * The terminal stem form is 様だ/ようだ.\n * The attributive stem form is 様な/ような.\n * The hypothetical stem form is 様なら/ようなら.\n * The imperative stem form is 様であれ/ようであれ.\n * The informal negative construction is 様ではない/ようではない. A variant is 様じゃない/ようじゃない.\n * The informal past construction is 様だった/ようだった.\n * The informal negative past construction is 様ではなかった/ようではなかった. A variant is 様じゃなかった/ようじゃなかった.\n * The formal construction is 様です/ようです.\n * The formal negative construction is 様ではありません/ようではありません. A variant is 様じゃありません/ようじゃありません.\n * The formal past construction is 様でした/ようでした.\n * The formal negative past construction is 様ではありませんでした/ようではありませんでした. A variant is 様じゃありませんでした/ようじゃありませんでした.\n * The conjunctive construction is 様で/ようで.\n * The conditional construction is 様なら（ば）/ようなら（ば）.\n * The provisional construction is 様だったら/ようだったら.\n * The volitional construction is 様だろう/ようだろう.\n * The adverbial construction is 様に/ように.\n * The degree construction is 様さ/ようさ.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-06T23:25:47.747",
"id": "58414",
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58387
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58414
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "I have this two sentences:\n\n**この正確な瞬間に** _Right in this moment_\n\n**私が生きている** _I'm alive_\n\nAnd I have to simplify this three kanji **確 瞬 間**. I've already opened a\nquestion for it and they kindly explained to me that it's possibile to write\nit with something like this*, but they also told me that it's better not to do\nit, because simplified kanji aren't so common.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/0v1Fh.png)\n\nThe problem is that I really need it to be simplified for a tattoo of a friend\nof mine and we've thought that maybe katakana could be a good solution, but\nI'm not capable at all to translate it and each sentence shouldn't be longer\nthan 8 \"characters\". The first sentence could be replaced with _\"rembember\nthat\"_ , perhaps it's better to translate...\n\nCan you help us?",
"comment_count": 10,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-05T16:49:32.130",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58388",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-06T06:41:17.763",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-05T17:05:41.090",
"last_editor_user_id": "29201",
"owner_user_id": "29201",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"kanji",
"katakana"
],
"title": "How to translate in katakana この正確な瞬間に私 - が生きている?",
"view_count": 324
}
|
[
{
"body": "Katakana wouldn't be a good solution for your problem, because katakana are\nused for representing loan words from other languages, or for emphasis.\n\nIt would look a little strange to have a Japanese sentence written entirely in\nkatakana. Completely in HIRAGANA would not be too strange... but a mix might\nwork better ...\n\nIf you don't need those words to be specifically in kanji, but want the\nmessage essentially the same, since it seems like you're trying to say \"I'm\nliving in the moment.\" I recommend:\n\nima kono shunkan ni watashi ga ikiteiru\n\n今このしゅんかんに私が生きている。\n\nIt's not 2 sentences though, it's one sentence 16 characters long, as written.\n(Plus the sentence ending mark, but it seems like that should not cause you a\nproblem.)\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ly10N.png)\n\nIf this solution doesn't work for you, I would need more information to be\nable to think of alternatives. For example if this is not about living in the\nmoment, but more about \"being truly alive\" or something, the phrase would be\ndifferent.",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-05T20:12:05.290",
"id": "58392",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-06T05:45:04.707",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-06T05:45:04.707",
"last_editor_user_id": "29347",
"owner_user_id": "29347",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "I hesitate to post an opinion-based answer about tattoo (no matter how\ngrammatically correct, they always end up appearing weird or hilarious to the\neyes of native Japanese speakers, anyway), but why don't you use simpler word\nthan 瞬間/正確? Japanese people cannot even read most \"simplified kanji\" used in\nChina. Don't mix them with kana.\n\n正確 is a Sino-Japanese word meaning \"accurate\", as in \"3.14 is more accurate\nthan 3 as an approximation of π\". That's not the word you need in the first\nplace. 瞬間 by itself is not a bad word, but if it's too complicated for you,\nit's way better to rephrase it than to try to distort the kanji. Katakana\nwould only increase the number of characters.\n\nIf the main message is \"Remember I'm not dead, don't forget me\", then\nsomething like 「まさに今 私は生きている」 should be simple enough. If the message is more\nlike \"I want to live fully in the present (rather than dreaming about the\nfuture or looking back at the past)\", then something like 「今この時を生きる」 should\nwork. (Again, I'm not saying such tattoos are natural to the eyes of Japanese\npeople.)",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-06T03:19:37.370",
"id": "58399",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-06T03:19:37.370",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
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},
{
"body": "私は今 生きている would be fine if you want something simple, I think. There's even a\nsong that shares the title.\n\n<https://youtu.be/0dStGZXZeJw>\n\nFeel free to play around with it.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-06T06:41:17.763",
"id": "58402",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-06T06:41:17.763",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11498",
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"score": 1
}
] |
58388
| null |
58392
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58390",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was reading, and one line came up as\n\n> 人の上には〇てぬぞ\n\nand for the life of me, I can't figure out what the sixth character is\nsupposed to be. Because of font, I thought it might be a way of writing 之 ,\nbut that doesn't seem to make sense with the rest of the sentence. The full\nline is\n\n> よく聞け、下の者の気持ちも知らねば、人の上には〇てぬぞ\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/RCr2P.png)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-05T18:37:04.637",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58389",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-05T19:35:39.627",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-05T19:35:39.627",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "29813",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"calligraphy"
],
"title": "Can’t identify the kanij in 人の上には〇てぬぞ",
"view_count": 147
}
|
[
{
"body": "As @droooze says in the comment section, this is a cursive rendering of 立 (see\n[here](https://moji.tekkai.com/zoom/%E7%AB%8B/page.html) or\n[here](https://1jp.tokyo/kanji/ra-wa/27.html)).\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/uCLy9.png)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-05T19:33:52.950",
"id": "58390",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-05T19:33:52.950",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "58389",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
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58389
|
58390
|
58390
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58401",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I have a simple question:\n\nIf I want to say \"Are you awake?\" is it better to translate it as\n**[目]{め}を[覚]{さ}まして** or **起きてますか**? It has to be intended as _Hey, you're\nwalking... but are you really awake?_\n\nThank you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-05T19:54:21.813",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58391",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-08T09:21:12.147",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-06T01:40:32.993",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "29201",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"word-choice",
"words",
"kanji"
],
"title": "\"Are you awake\": better [目]{め}を[覚]{さ}まして or 起きてますか?",
"view_count": 1264
}
|
[
{
"body": "\"目を覚まして\" is a request \"Wake up!\", because it [ends with the te-\nform](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/13003/5010). It's not a question.\nTo say \"Are you awake?\", you can form a question with the same set phrase,\nlike \"目は覚めてる?\" or \"目は覚めてますか?\" (覚ます is transitive, 覚める is intransitive)\n\nLikewise, \"起きて!\" is \"Wake up!\", whereas \"起きてる?\" or \"起きてますか?\" is \"Are you\nawake?\" In a casual conversation, \"起きてる?\" is the easiest expression.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-06T04:01:54.700",
"id": "58401",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-06T04:01:54.700",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "58391",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
},
{
"body": "**目を覚ましたか。** This expression means: “Did you wake up?”. And is only used to\nmean as such.\n\n**起きましたか。** literally means: “Did you get up?” This is asking about the action\nof getting out of bed.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-08T09:21:12.147",
"id": "58455",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-08T09:21:12.147",
"last_edit_date": null,
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58391
|
58401
|
58401
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58400",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "There's a slang word \"poo\" in Japanese that means something along the lines of\n\"unemployed\" but does it describe a specific situation? For example \"NEET\"\nwhich is also used in Japan, ニート, means [\" **N** ot in **E** ducation, **E**\nmployment, or **T** raining\"](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NEET). In\notherwords, NEET is not just unemployed, it's unemployed _and_ not trying to\nfind employment nor trying to better yourself through education.\n\nSo, does \"poo\" describe a specific situation? As in 「私はプーです」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-06T02:40:37.483",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58398",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-06T16:20:18.960",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "17423",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"title": "What does Puu / プー mean?",
"view_count": 683
}
|
[
{
"body": "プー is an abbreviation of プー太郎.\n\nプー太郎 is originally 風太郎, which was a slang word for day workers who did not\nhave a regular job. (The kanji 風 may be from\n[風来坊](http://jisho.org/word/%E9%A2%A8%E6%9D%A5%E5%9D%8A), a much older word.)\nLater this word came to mean \"unemployed person\". For details, see [this\narticle from NHK](http://www.nhk.or.jp/po/zokugo/326.html).\n\n>\n> この「プータロー」という言葉、その起こりは1950年頃までさかのぼります。終戦直後の横浜を中心に、定職に就いていない日雇い労働者のことを「プータロー（風太郎）」と呼んでいました。(...略...)\n> その後、プータローという言葉は、1980年代頃に全国で使われるようになりますが、その意味は「日雇い労働者」ではなく、ただの「無職者」を指す言葉へと変化していきます。\n\nBasically, プー just means 無職の人, and it's a mere slang word that has never been\nformally defined like NEET. By the way, the technical meaning of NEET is not\nwell understood by Japanese people, and they are using it just as a newer\nsynonym of プー/無職. I know it's technically incorrect to say \"今、資格の勉強中でニートだよー\",\nbut I doubt the majority of Japanese people understand that. Those who are not\ntrying to find any job or education opportunity is close to\n[引きこもり](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hikikomori).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-06T03:34:09.170",
"id": "58400",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-06T16:20:18.960",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-06T16:20:18.960",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "58398",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
}
] |
58398
|
58400
|
58400
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58404",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What are the differences between these sentences? How do I properly translate\nthem?\n\n 1. 日本に行くとき(に)、パスポートをとります。 \n 2. 日本に行くとき(に)、パスポートをとりました。\n\n 3. 日本に行ったとき、きょうとでさくらをみたいです。 \n\n 4. 日本に行ったとき、きょうとでさくらをみました。\n\nIn my exercises, it just says that when the verb (in the first part of each\nsentence) is in the present tense, then it means we are about to do that\naction (still referring to the first part). Instead, if the verb is in the\npast tense, what does it mean?\n\nTo me, they all look pretty similar, but of course there's something wrong\nwith my reasoning.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-06T10:05:07.850",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58403",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-06T16:03:46.593",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "26045",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Usage of 〜とき: different nuances",
"view_count": 242
}
|
[
{
"body": "1.When I go to Japan, I will get my passport.\n\n2.When I went to Japan, I got my passport.\n\n3.When I go to Japan, I want to see sakura in Kyoto.\n\n4.When I went to Japan, I saw sakura in Kyoto.\n\n行く in No.2 is present tense, but the following sentence is past tense, so it\nmeans \"when I went to Japan\". た in No.3 sentence is not past tense but perfect\ntense, so it is used in future things.\n\nIn addition, 日本に行くとき means \" You have not arrived to Japan yet\", 日本に行ったとき\nmeans \"You have arrived to Japan\".",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-06T11:51:16.843",
"id": "58404",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-06T16:03:46.593",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-06T16:03:46.593",
"last_editor_user_id": "7320",
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"score": 1
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] |
58403
|
58404
|
58404
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Do any radicals have differing meanings between Japanese and Chinese? \n(This is not a discussion post. Please say whether or not radicals have\ndifferent meanings between languages and additional information if necessary. \nIf this is a duplicate, say what this is a duplicate of and/or link to it if\npossible.)",
"comment_count": 10,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-06T17:45:59.897",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58406",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-07T02:42:46.757",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29819",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -3,
"tags": [
"radicals"
],
"title": "Do radicals mean different things in Japanese and Chinese",
"view_count": 1282
}
|
[
{
"body": "I know this is fairly exceptional, but some Japanese-coined kanji (aka\n国字/和製漢字) use radicals in a way only Japanese people understand. For example,\n~~糎 means _centimeter_ , where 米 is a \"radical\" for _meter_ (厘 means _one\nhundredth_ also in Chinese). Japanese people also used 粁 ( _kilometer_ ), 粍 (\n_millimeter_ ), etc. Chinese people do not use 米 this way~~. 瓩 is a Japanese-\ncoined kanji for _kilogram_ , where 瓦 is a \"Japanese radical\" meaning _gram_.\nWhen 瓩 was reverse-imported to China, they came to mean _kilowatt_ instead of\n_kilogram_ because 瓦 is a kanji for _watt_ in Chinese (and only in Chinese).\nSee this [Wiktionary entry for 瓩](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%93%A9).\nNote that all these kanji are obsolete at least in Japanese.\n\n**EDIT:** Looks like [米 can mean _meter_ also in\nChinese](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A8%88%E9%87%8F%E7%94%A8%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97)...\nThe \"radical for _gram_ \" is 瓦 in Japanese and 克 in Chinese.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-07T02:23:40.500",
"id": "58419",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-07T02:42:46.757",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-07T02:42:46.757",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
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58406
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58419
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I know べつに can mean \"nothing\", (not) particularly, not a big deal, I don't\ncare etc. But I have some trouble understanding what it means in long\nsentences like these. I only have an idea, but I'm so not sure so I would like\nsome confirmation. I'm adding some context where necessary.\n\nfirst sentence\n\nPerson 1:\n\n> 合宿に限らずもうちょっと抑えなきゃって思ったの. 一護に嫌われたくないから.\n>\n> 一護: **べつに** そんなの...\n\nI can only understand that 一護 is denying what's been said but I don't know\nwhat べつに is doing there.\n\nsecond sentence:\n\ncontext: two friends are working on a project, one of them sees the other\nreally focused and working hard and says that he must be really enjoying the\ntask. His reply is\n\n> え? いいえ. **べつに** ,普通だよ.\n\nI think here it means \"it's nothing/not a big deal\"?\n\nthird sentence:\n\n> **別に** 嫌なわけじゃないですし.\n\ndoes it mean \"I don't **particularly** hate it\"?\n\nfourth sentence\n\n矛盾...\n\n> しててもいいんじゃないですか **べつに**\n\nI'm kind of lost here. I think it means \"nothing\" but I'm not completely sure.\n\nI would appreciate if someone can correct my interpretation of the word in\neach context.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-06T18:56:21.837",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58408",
"last_activity_date": "2020-03-14T23:39:31.320",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "27578",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"word-requests"
],
"title": "Trouble understanding different meanings of べつに",
"view_count": 936
}
|
[
{
"body": "べつに means \"not particularly\". When you use it to deny something, you're saying\nthere's no particular reason it would be that way (べつに...わけではない), or that it's\nnot particularly that way (べつに...ない). べつに is typically used in a negative\nsentence, but when it gets used in a positive sentence, there's an additional\nnegative sentence that's being implied by the べつに.\n\nSo in your first example, \"べつにそんなの\" is saying there's no particular reason\nthat he would do something like hating her. The negative clause is being\nomitted and reduced to そんなの (\"that sort of thing\", referring to him hating\nher).\n\nIn your second example, the speaker feels he's putting in a typical amount of\neffort, so he's saying there's no particular reason one should think he's\nhaving fun. You could consider it an abbreviation of \"べつに楽しんでいるわけじゃないよ、普通だよ\".\n\nIn your last example, the person is asking if it's okay to do something, but\nwith a bit of an attitude. してもいいんじゃないですか is already asking \"It's okay if I do\nthis right?\" with the presumption that yes, it's okay (this comes from the\nんじゃない？). Adding べつに is like a supplement to the sentence (they could have put\nit before the verb, but they're adding it as an addendum), expressing that the\nspeaker doesn't believe there is any particular reason it would not be okay to\ndo.\n\nべつに is commonly used when giving someone permission to do something between\nfriends. If Person A asks \"～してもいい？\" \"Is it okay if I ~?\" then Person B can\nconsent with \"べつにいいよ\", which says \"It's okay! (there isn't any particular\nreason it wouldn't be)\".\n\nI would go to <http://yourei.jp/%E5%88%A5%E3%81%AB> and look at some of the\nnegative sentences it is used with. Try and get a feel for how \"not\nparticularly\" is used. Also when you see べつに used with a positive sentence,\nthink of what the べつに is trying to say (the \"hidden\" negative clause).",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-07T08:19:09.447",
"id": "58425",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-07T08:19:09.447",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11498",
"parent_id": "58408",
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"score": 2
}
] |
58408
| null |
58425
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "58418",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "So, I've come across the phrase やばたにえん online a couple of times, and I can't\nseem to find what it means. Multiple online translators fail to give me a\ntranslation, and searching on google for the answer only returnes this page:\n<https://fastjapan.com/en/p207796> . It says that it is a deviation of やばい and\nthat it can also be used with other adjectives like つらい into つらたにえん.\n\nMy question is, what does this ～たにえん suffix mean, how it's built, and when do\nI use it?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-06T19:22:34.550",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58410",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-07T06:52:27.497",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-06T23:13:57.537",
"last_editor_user_id": "24001",
"owner_user_id": "24001",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"usage",
"slang"
],
"title": "やばたにえん(yabatanien) explanation?",
"view_count": 3755
}
|
[
{
"body": "やばたにえん is described in [this Nicopedia\nentry](http://dic.nicovideo.jp/a/%E3%82%84%E3%81%B0%E3%81%9F%E3%81%AB%E3%81%88%E3%82%93).\nThis is a net meme and you don't have to take it seriously. ～たにえん itself is an\nalmost meaningless \"suffix\" which was coined arbitrarily because it sounded\nlike ながたにえん (永谷園, a famous food company). Someone felt simple やばい is too\nuninteresting, and started to say [やばたん](https://meaning.jp/posts/895), and\nthen やばたにえん, hoping it will sound cute or funny. Technically speaking, this\nmay be seen as an attempt to create a new diminutive or augmentative.\n\nThis word will probably be forgotten within 5 years, and I don't think I'll\never use it myself. This word is not something you try to use intentionally.\nIf you're a type of person who needs to use this, you'll learn how to use it\nwithout asking here.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-07T01:51:23.630",
"id": "58418",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-07T01:51:23.630",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "58410",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
},
{
"body": "Net forums do this all the time. It's like in English, if instead of saying\n\"that's awesome!\", you said \"that's awesomesauce!\". The suffix really means\nnothing, and they're just trying to be humorous. If you want to have a deeper\nunderstanding of the joke, you need to do some research into the origins of\nthe phrase. [Nico Nico's net slang dictionary](http://dic.nicovideo.jp) can be\na useful resource sometimes. Googling for \"word/phrase 由来\" could also yield\nsome results. More often than not, you'll find that it started as a joke on\n2chan, a text/image board.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-07T06:52:27.497",
"id": "58422",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-07T06:52:27.497",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "11498",
"parent_id": "58410",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
58410
|
58418
|
58418
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "大雪｛おおゆき｝によって、電車｛でんしゃ｝は３時間｛じかん｝以上｛いじょう｝も遅れました｛おくれました｝。\n\n彼女｛かのじょ｝が怒る｛おこる｝のも当然｛とうぜん｝だ。\n\nI read a few grammar explanations that suggested in these contexts も serves as\nan “exclamation” marker, but I’m confused about these usages of も. Could you\nexplain this usage of も? Could も be replaced by another particle in these\ncases, and if so, how would the meanings change?\n\nーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーー What is the difference in nuance\nbetween the following sentences? Are either more common than the other? Are\nthere certain contexts you would use one over the other?\n\n私｛わたし｝は犬｛いぬ｝も猫｛ねこ｝も好き｛すき｝です。\n\n私は犬と猫が好きです。",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-06T19:29:04.973",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58411",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-07T18:23:48.993",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-06T21:15:54.160",
"last_editor_user_id": "27915",
"owner_user_id": "27915",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-と",
"particle-も"
],
"title": "も particle — “exclamation” special usage, も/と nuance distinction",
"view_count": 318
}
|
[
{
"body": "I believe it'd be more accurate to conceptualize も as an emphasis marker than\nas an exclamation. For instance, I'd translate the two sentences in your last\nexample as\n\n> I like **both** dogs and cats.\n\nand\n\n> I like dogs and cats.\n\nrespectively.\n\n> 彼女が怒るのも当然だ。\n\nThe も here isn't an exclamation. It's being used to add the nuance of \"in\naddition to whatever other thing was 当然.\"\n\n> 大雪によって、電車は３時間以上も遅れました\n\nSimilarly, here it's being used to indicate that the speaker perceives this as\nhaving been a long time. If they wanted to highlight that they didn't believe\nthree hours to be that long they'd use しか+neg verb.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-06T23:49:09.003",
"id": "58415",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-06T23:49:09.003",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18701",
"parent_id": "58411",
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"score": 1
}
] |
58411
| null |
58415
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've got a big question about し and も.\n\n 1. > カロリーも少なくなるし、おなかも張ります。 \n\nCan we not use も here? Will the meaning be changed?\n\n> カロリーが少なくなるし、おなかが張ります。\n\n 2. Why does し usually go with も? Does も add some additional meaning? Can we not use も in the example below? \n\n> でも音楽に詳しい友人がいないし、自分もあんまり詳しくありません。\n\n 3. Can we say that the part after し is more important than the first part because of も? \n\n> 私の韓国人の俳優のお友達は、矯正をして最高にきれいになりましたし、ぺヨンジュンもデビュー当時はちょっと八重歯風のがありましたが、今は完璧ですよね。\n\n 4. Usually も is in the second part or both parts. Why is も used only in the first part of the following sentences?\n\n> * 動物園の夜のナイトサファリのツアーも人気ありますし、電車はMRT(地下鉄)がありますね。\n> * DVDは頭だしも速いし、画質がキレイです。\n\n 5. Do you have the rule, explaining when we should use も with し？\n\nThank you!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-06T20:46:38.523",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58412",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-07T16:53:21.013",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-07T16:49:34.457",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "29820",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"conjunctions"
],
"title": "Conjunction し and particle も",
"view_count": 455
}
|
[
{
"body": "* Basically you should use either \"～が～し～も～\" or \"～も～し～も～\". The first も is optional and it does not significantly change the nuance of the sentence.\n * \"～も～し～が～\" (like your DVD/safari examples) is not wrong, but feels more or less clumsy. IMHO it's always better to say \"ツアー **も** 人気だしMRT **も** ある\" and \"頭出し **も** 速いし画質 **も** キレイ\".\n * Use at least one も. Otherwise, the sentence will lose the meaning of 'also'.\n * This pattern is used to list two (or more) facts of equal importance. Neither the first part nor the second part is more important than the other. Usually the two parts can be safely swapped without changing the meaning.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-07T16:48:05.113",
"id": "58434",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-07T16:53:21.013",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-07T16:53:21.013",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "58412",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
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58412
| null |
58434
|
{
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"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I always assumed you would reply to a phrase containing よかったら with はい or いい\nbut is that correct? If so, which sounds more natural?\n\nFor example, if someone were to say \"よかったら、英語を教えて欲しい\" to you, how would you\nreply?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-06T21:25:21.293",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58413",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-07T22:18:26.753",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-07T08:02:33.873",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "27894",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"phrase-requests",
"word-usage"
],
"title": "How would you reply to 'よかったら'?",
"view_count": 616
}
|
[
{
"body": "Because of 良かったら basically being the conditional of 良い, I guess いい(です)よ or\nsomething like it would be the most used response. It’s also the sentence I\ntend to hear the most in response to that.\n\nJapanese people tend to answer a question with the same verb/adjective the\nquestion was asked with.\n\n> 昨日 映画館に行きましたか。 \n> (Did you go to the movie theater yesterday?) \n> - はい、行きました。 \n> (Yes, I went.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-07T07:52:02.080",
"id": "58424",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-07T10:32:59.380",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-07T10:32:59.380",
"last_editor_user_id": "29797",
"owner_user_id": "29797",
"parent_id": "58413",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "If you think of it in terms of English as well, the answer provides itself.\nThis is a case of subject agreement, if anything else, that is somewhat\nsimilar in both languages. Consider this request and response pair:\n\n> A: よかったら、英語を教えて欲しいです。 \n> (If it is alright with you, I'd like you to teach me English.) \n> B: はい。 \n> (Yes.)\n\nIt is direct, and maybe a little curt, to just respond with a blunt はい. It's\nunderstandable, but it's preferable to agree with the request politely, by\naddressing the request in a similar tone. Since what is in question is whether\nit is alright or not, the response is formed around that. See below:\n\n> A: よかったら、英語を教えて欲しいです。 \n> (If it's alright with you, I'd like you to teach me English.) \n> B: [はい、] いいですよ。 \n> ([Yes,] It's alright.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-07T22:18:26.753",
"id": "58443",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-07T22:18:26.753",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "21684",
"parent_id": "58413",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
58413
| null |
58424
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58420",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "According to [Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_distance),\n“power distance” is the extent to which the lower ranking individuals of a\nsociety \"accept and expect that power is distributed unequally\".\n\n * [Power](https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/power): I could pick 力, 能力, 権力, 勢力, 支配力, 政権, 権限, 職権 or パワー.\n * [Distance](https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/distance): I could pick 距離, 道のり, 間隔, 遠方 or ディスタンス.\n\nWhich terms should I pick in translating “power distance”?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-07T00:12:17.570",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58416",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-07T03:17:31.607",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29607",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "How should I translate “power distance”?",
"view_count": 109
}
|
[
{
"body": "Looks like people who are good at sociology mainly use **権力格差** , which I feel\nis reasonable and intuitive. 距離 is too literal. \"Power distance index\" would\nbe 権力格差指数.\n\n * 古川裕康, [Hofstedeの多文化社会理論](http://ooishi-lab.com/2010/10/hofstede%E3%81%AE%E5%A4%9A%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96.html)\n * 白木三秀, [G・ホフステード＝G・J・ホフステード＝ミンコフ『多文化世界─違いを学び未来への道を探る』](http://www.jil.go.jp/institute/zassi/backnumber/2016/04/pdf/068-071.pdf) (PDF)\n\nA somewhat casual but easy-to-understand definition would be something like\n\"(下側から見た時の)上下関係の強さ/厳しさ/受容度\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-07T03:08:02.347",
"id": "58420",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-07T03:17:31.607",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-07T03:17:31.607",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "58416",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
58416
|
58420
|
58420
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58423",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "how to write a Indian name 'Agrawal' in Japanese language? Any help will be\nappreciated.\n\nIs it same as \"アグラワル \"?\n\nThanks.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-07T01:30:07.267",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58417",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-07T07:46:28.437",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27790",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -2,
"tags": [
"names"
],
"title": "how to write a Indian name 'Agrawal' in Japanese language?",
"view_count": 235
}
|
[
{
"body": "I guess アグラワル would be fine. It might be アグラウァル because I’ve seen katakana use\nウァ sometimes too. These the best I can make of It. I don’t know the exact\npronunciation of the name in Indian though. Under normal circumstances,\nJapanese people tend to listen to the name and make the kana up that moment.\nBut based on what I imagine the name to sound like, this is my best guess.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-07T07:46:28.437",
"id": "58423",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-07T07:46:28.437",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29797",
"parent_id": "58417",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
58417
|
58423
|
58423
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Can someone explain to me how to say the other (younger) sister when talking\nabout family? I have to younger sister and want to discuss their professions,\nlike in\n\n> One sister is a... and the other is a ...\n\nAlso, how to say \"I don't have any brother\", it seems that \"Kyoudai wa,\nimasen\" means I don't have any siblings. Is it something like \"Burazāzu wa,\nimasen\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-07T13:16:33.127",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58426",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-11T12:53:59.047",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-07T14:25:40.027",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "29790",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"words",
"counters"
],
"title": "How to say \"The other sister\" and \"I don't have any brothers\"",
"view_count": 1311
}
|
[
{
"body": "There are several ways to let people know whom the siblings are when talking\nabout them. One way is to use the counter 番目 (banme) to indicate where in the\norder the siblings are.\n\n> ４人兄弟の３番目の女の子 (yonin kyōdai no sanbanme no onna no ko) = the third girl of\n> four siblings\n>\n> ２番目の妹 (nibanme no imōto) = the second little sister\n\nAnother way is to use words that denote the order of birth.\n\n> 長男 (chōnan) = firstborn son\n>\n> 次男／二男 (jinan) = secondborn son\n>\n> 三男 (sannan) = thirdborn son\n>\n> 長女 (chōjo) = firstborn daughter\n>\n> 次女／二女 (jijo) = secondborn daughter\n>\n> 三女 (sanjo) = thirdborn daughter\n\nIf the speaker has two younger sisters and wants to say \"One sister is a...\nand the other is a ...\" then it is possible to say\n１番目の妹は…です。そして２番目の妹は…です。(ichibanme no imōto wa ... desu. soshite nibanme no\nimōto ha ... desu) = \"the first little sister is ... and the second little\nsister is...\".\n\nIf it is known that the speaker has only two younger sisters, then he can say\n長女は…です。そして次女は…です。(chōjo wa ... desu. soshite jijo wa ... desu) = \"the\nfirstborn daughter (of my parents) is... and the secondborn daughter (of my\nparents) is...\" if the speaker is male or 次女は…です。そして三女は…です。(jijo wa ... desu.\nsoshite sanjo wa ... desu) = \"the secondborn daughter (of my parents) is ...\nand the thirdborn daughter (of my parents) is...\" if the speaker is female.\n\n兄弟 (kyōdai) can mean both brothers as opposed to 姉妹 (shimai) and siblings in\ngeneral. When talking about siblings, it is possible to write 姉妹 / 兄妹 / 姉弟 and\nread it as kyōdai. Please note that the person who is speaking counts as one\nof the siblings. \"I have three siblings\" --> \"we are four siblings\".\n\nA way to explain that the speaker has no brothers is 男兄弟はいません (otoko kyōdai wa\nimasen) = (I have) no male siblings. If the speaker is female then using 姉妹\n(shimai) = \"sisters\" might be preferable.\n\n> ３人姉妹です (sannin shimai desu) = (we are) three sisters\n>\n> ４人姉妹の３番目の女の子 (yonin shimai no sanbanme no onna no ko) = the third girl of\n> four sisters\n\nブラザーズ (burazāzu) or ブラザース (burazāsu) would probably be understood, but these\nwords are usually used when writing English company names or names of movies\namong other things in katakana.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-08T19:04:35.020",
"id": "58477",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-10T16:15:59.500",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "29776",
"parent_id": "58426",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "I'd use 「[上]{うえ}の[妹]{いもうと}」「[下]{した}の妹」.\n\nIf I were in your situation I'd say like...\n\n> 「（[私]{わたし}は/私には）妹が[二人]{ふたり}います。 **上の妹** は[美容師]{びようし}で、 **下の妹**\n> はまだ[大学生]{だいがくせい}です。」 \n> 「妹が二人います。 **上の妹** は[介護士]{かいごし}で、 **下** （ **の妹**\n> ）は[幼稚園]{ようちえん}の[先生]{せんせい}をやっています。」\n\netc...\n\nOr 「すぐ[下]{した}の妹」 and 「[末]{すえ}の妹」/「もう一人(の妹)」, as in...\n\n> 「妹が二人います。 **すぐ下の妹** は[専業主婦]{せんぎょうしゅふ}で、 **末の妹** は[保育士]{ほいくし}です。」 \n> 「妹が二人います。 **すぐ下の妹** は[郵便局]{ゆうびんきょく}に[勤]{つと}めていて、 **もう一人**\n> は[専門学校]{せんもんがっこう}に[通]{かよ}っています。」\n\nFor \"I don't have any brothers\", you could say...\n\n> 「[男]{おとこ}の[兄弟]{きょうだい}はいません。」\n\n(... but replying 「妹が二人います。」 to a question 「きょうだいは？」 would usually imply that\nyou don't have other siblings than these two younger sisters.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-11T01:21:04.033",
"id": "58549",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-11T12:53:59.047",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-11T12:53:59.047",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "58426",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
58426
| null |
58549
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58432",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I work for a company that creates mobile apps to control and maneuver toy\nrobots. Recently I've seen our Japanese translators as well as our Japanese\nbusiness partners (native speakers) using the word ドロー to mean \"draw\" in the\nfollowing context:\n\n\"Draw, Block, and Text Coding\" They've recommended: \"ドロー、ブロック、テキスト\"\n\n\"Draw\" means that the user of the app would be able to draw a line or path on\nthe mobile screen and the robot would follow that path design as it moves\naround. They can then see the programming coordinates of this path.\n\nWhy would you want to use the katakana ドロー instead of 描く？ Does it sound better\nfrom an advertising perspective? Does it make more sense for children to read\nthis word?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-07T13:30:21.043",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58427",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-10T00:30:47.940",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29830",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"words",
"katakana"
],
"title": "When is it ok to use ドロー instead of 描く?",
"view_count": 149
}
|
[
{
"body": "描く is not a valid choice because it's a verb, whereas ブロック and テキスト are nouns.\nA better alternative would be a Sino-Japanese word\n[描画](https://jisho.org/search/%E6%8F%8F%E7%94%BB), which is a noun (and suru-\nverb). Unfortunately, 描画 and ドロー are equally difficult words, so translators\nmay have chosen the katakana word which visually goes well with the other two.\nLate teens and adults who are interested in technologies will probably\nunderstand ドロー. (If your target audience is small children, they won't\nunderstand テキスト, either.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-07T15:55:26.757",
"id": "58432",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-07T15:55:26.757",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "58427",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "If they plan to use it for advertising it makes sense to use katakana instead\nof kanji or even hiragana. Katakana is cool and (by lack of a better\nexpression) has an edge to it. Hiragana looks cuter so it’s mostly targeted\ntowards girls / women / very small children.\n\nIf they don’t plan on advertising with it, it still makes sense because ドロー is\na noun. The other two are also nouns.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-10T00:30:47.940",
"id": "58511",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-10T00:30:47.940",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29797",
"parent_id": "58427",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
58427
|
58432
|
58432
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I know there are some words that always have rendaku （花）and some that never\nuse it. Is there a rule for rendaku or does it depend on the word? Thanks in\nadvance!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-07T14:44:39.010",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58429",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-07T14:44:39.010",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29804",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"pronunciation",
"rendaku"
],
"title": "How do you know when to use rendaku? What are the words that always/never use it?",
"view_count": 181
}
|
[] |
58429
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58583",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 彼女｛かのじょ｝が怒る｛おこる｝のも当然｛とうぜん｝だ。 \n> \"It's natural that she should be angry.\" (sentence:248283, Core2000)\n\nI asked a question about the preceding sentence's usage of も, and naruto\nexplained the も serves to soften the sentence. I found the grammar explanation\n[here](http://japanesetest4you.com/flashcard/learn-\njlpt-n2-grammar-%E3%81%AE%E3%82%82%E3%81%A8%E3%81%86%E3%81%9C%E3%82%93%E3%81%A0-no-\nmo-touzen-da/), but still didn't quite understand も in this context.\n\nI'm wondering, does も replace another particle here? How the sentence could\nmake sense without も, if 怒るの stood alone without a particle. Would 彼女が怒るのに当然だ\nor 彼女が怒るのは当然だ make sense?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-07T16:42:42.677",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58433",
"last_activity_date": "2020-07-30T15:23:24.030",
"last_edit_date": "2020-07-30T15:23:24.030",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "27915",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particle-も"
],
"title": "～のも当然だ , use of も to soften",
"view_count": 395
}
|
[
{
"body": "彼女が怒るのに当然だ doesn't make sense. 彼女が怒るのは当然だ is valid, and has almost the same\nmeaning as 彼女が怒るのも当然だ.\n\nThe slight difference I can think of is that 彼女が怒るのは当然だ is more natural when\nit's paired with a reason why she's angry e.g.\n彼女が怒るのは当然だよ、だって約束の時間に3時間も遅れてきたんだから.\n\nOn the other hand, 彼女が怒るのも当然だ sounds like both the speaker and listener know\nthe reason already, or the speaker doesn't really want to focus on the reason.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-12T07:57:57.107",
"id": "58583",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-12T07:57:57.107",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29903",
"parent_id": "58433",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
58433
|
58583
|
58583
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58438",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm still trying to figure out how to use two verbs together in Japanese. Like\npairing the words \"going\" and \"learn\". Please excuse me for my beginner\nquestion, as this is my first time posting. I can read hiragana and katakana.\nI came here to ask if someone could translate the following sentence into\nJapanese. This will hopefully help me gain an understanding on how to use\nparticles properly. Thanks!! \"What language are you going to learn?\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-07T17:38:44.503",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58436",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-08T04:53:05.893",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29833",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"particles"
],
"title": "How to properly use particles in translating the following sentence?",
"view_count": 105
}
|
[
{
"body": "You have to learn the grammar of つもり to say this correctly.\n\n * [How to Express Volition in Japanese: …（よ）う and つもりだ](https://www.wasabi-jpn.com/japanese-grammar/how-to-express-volition/)\n * [つもり (tsumori) expresses a plan or intention](https://japanesemeow.com/japanese-grammar-lessons/tsumori/)\n\n> どんな言語【げんご】を学ぶ【まなぶ】つもりですか? \n> What language are you going to learn?\n\nIf you are trying to combine 行く【いく】 with another verb, then forget that\napproach. English \"(be) going to\" in \"are you going to (verb)\" is a special\ngrammar pattern, and literal word-by-word translation will never work. Each\nlanguage has its own way of expressing one's intention. This is not a problem\nof combining two verbs or picking a particle.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-07T17:57:43.410",
"id": "58438",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-07T17:57:43.410",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "58436",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "「どんな（or,どの）言語{げんご}を学{まな}ぶつもりですか。」 「何語{なにご}を学ぶつもりですか。」 Both for the above are\nthe same meaning.\n\nEnglish \"be going to + verb\" is translated in 「（Verb-dictionary form)つもりです。」\nThe nuance of 「…つもりです」 is close to \"plan to / be planning to\". Ex: I'm going\nto buy this. = (わたしは）これを買{か}うつもりです。 I'm going to see the movie. =\n(わたしは）その映画{えいが}を見{み}るつもりです。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-08T04:53:05.893",
"id": "58448",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-08T04:53:05.893",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29836",
"parent_id": "58436",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
58436
|
58438
|
58438
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "I learned that shi is used to connect two or more sentences. But sometimes I\nhear it at the end of the sentence. What does it mean? Can you explain on\nthese sentences?\n\n> 1. 濃くなってきちゃったら、部分レーザー脱毛に通えばいいし。\n> 2. 穴があいた後ろから好きな当て布してもいいし。\n> 3. 「ねえ、マッギー」「わたしマギーだし…」\n> 4. 簡単にYou're right.とかHe's right.で良いと思います。または、論争していて相手の言うことを認めるみたいなときはOK,\n> you win!でいいし。\n> 5. あんな人のことは忘れたし！\n> 6. せっかく来たんだからゆっくりしてけし。\n>",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-07T18:49:03.427",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58439",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-08T04:16:53.397",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-08T02:29:20.170",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "29820",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"conjunctions"
],
"title": "し at the end of the sentence",
"view_count": 9329
}
|
[
{
"body": "As you have correctly understood, し **after the dictionary form** of a\ncopula/verb/i-adjective is usually used to connect two clauses. The first part\noften works as the reason of the second part. In English it's like \"and\" or\n\"so\", depending on the context.\n\nIf a sentence ends with し, it's either one of the following:\n\n * The \"consequence\" part is omitted because it can be inferred. It's like ending a sentence with \"so\".\n\n> わたしマギーだし… \n> But I'm Maggie, so...\n\nThe following part is something like \"don't call me like that\", but it's left\nunsaid.\n\n * It works as the reason for the _previous_ statement. In this case it's like \"(it's) because ...\", \"coz ...\", \"I mean\" or \"you know\".\n\n> 見てよ、面白いし！ Watch it, (because) it's fun! \n> 帰ろう。もう夜だし。 Let's go home. (Because) It's night.\n\nIf you are a beginner, you can stop reading here.\n\n* * *\n\nYour sixth example is different from the other five. #6 does not sound\nparticularly weird to me, but し **after the imperative form** of a verb is\nrecent nerdy slang mainly used on the net. (It's originally a dialectal\nparticle, but it somehow became a nationwide slang expression in the last 20\nyears or so.) This し emphasizes the imperative, like \"hey\", \"yo\" or \"come on\".\nThis usage is not in a serious dictionary, and you _should not_ use this\nunless you really understand how it sounds.\n\n> * ゆっくりしてけし。 Make yourself at home. (slangy)\n> * 嘘言うなし。 Don't tell a lie. (slangy)\n>",
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"body": "Vita Holikina.\n\nConcerning the \"し\" at the end of the sentence, it's usually hidden or omitted\na phrase or sentence. Japanese guess what is it from the context.\n\nFor example, （ ）is hidden and omitted in the sentence. This is an example.\n\nSentence #4: 簡単にYou're right.とかHe's\nright.で良いと思います。または、論争していて相手の言うことを認めるみたいなときはOK, you win!でいいし。\n_（そんなに難しく考えなくても大丈夫ですよ。）_\n\nSentence #5 あんな人のことは忘れたし！ _（もう、あの人がどうなっても気にならない。）_\n\nExample: \n雨も降ってきたし…。（そろそろ帰ろうかな。）",
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"creation_date": "2018-05-08T03:09:36.743",
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"body": "If I remember correctly, 「ゆっくりしてけし」is a dialect in Yamanashi prefecture. It is\nequivalent to 「ゆっくりしていってください」「ゆっくりしていきなさい」.",
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58439
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58445
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"body": "I've seen shows where they list things (etc rules, principles) with hitotsu\nfor every point. I would expect hitotsu, futatsu... etc, to be the norm but it\ndoesn't seem so. It didn't seem to be a running gag in the show I've watched\nfor the char to mix things up or have short term memory, and I've seen it used\nmore than once in diff places.\n\nIs using hitotsu repeatedly just a way of starting a new point without having\nto go through the hassle of keeping track of the order and number of points\nbeing listed? In the same way we would probably just say \"next point\"?",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-08T08:02:51.070",
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"owner_user_id": "22417",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"syntax",
"numbers"
],
"title": "Listing things off: Using Hitotsu repeatedly",
"view_count": 1123
}
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[
{
"body": "Using 一つ for every entry is actually an older and more traditional style of\nlisting than using sequential numbers. Historically, Japan didn't have a\ntradition of assigning numbers to listed items; each item would simply be\nmarked with 一 or 一つ to indicate that it was \"one\" of a set of items, in a\nsimilar manner to a bulleted list.\n\nThis style of listing is nowadays particularly associated with codes (of\nhonour, conduct etc.) in traditional institutions. This is perhaps because\npreceding each rule with 一つ is conducive to _reciting_ them in a very\ntraditional-sounding manner.\n\nAnother appealing point of this style of listing, particularly for rules and\nprinciples, is that it implies all rules are of equal and paramount\nimportance, whereas a numbered list might imply a hierarchy that isn't\nactually desired.\n\nHere's a relevant page in Japanese, if you're interested:\n<https://okwave.jp/qa/q6042515.html>",
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"creation_date": "2018-05-08T09:03:37.243",
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58451
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58453
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{
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"body": "I wanted to say the following:\n\n> \"I am trying to learn to play Mexican songs on the guitar.\"\n\nI know how to express try to, but I am not sure about the rest. Perhaps\n\n> メキシカンな歌{うた}でギターをひきますをするならびましょうとする。\n\nIs that translation correct?",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-08T08:04:38.280",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"owner_user_id": "13752",
"post_type": "question",
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"tags": [
"translation",
"verbs",
"expressions"
],
"title": "How to express \"play on guitar\"?",
"view_count": 449
}
|
[
{
"body": "「ギターでメキシコの歌{うた}を弾{ひ}くことを習おうとしています。」 is the literal translation. \nMexican songs: メキシコの歌 （メキシコの曲） \n※ If the song is an instrumental, you can use \"曲{きょく}\" instead of \"歌\". \nplay (a song) on (string or keyboard instrument): (instrument)で(歌)を弾{ひ}く",
"comment_count": 7,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-08T10:14:36.623",
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"parent_id": "58452",
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"score": 1
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58452
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58457
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58457
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "58456",
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"body": "I know that one is an i-adjective and the other a na-adjective. But what’s the\ndifference in meaning? Or is it purely a grammatical difference.\n\nI noticed that most of the time, when there are multiple words with a similar\n(if not identical) meaning, there is a difference in connotation still.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-08T09:09:05.877",
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"id": "58454",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "29797",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"word-choice",
"usage"
],
"title": "What’s the difference between でかい(イ形) and 巨大(ナ形)?",
"view_count": 128
}
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[
{
"body": "でかい and 巨大 are rarely interchangeable, because they differ in both register\nand scale.\n\nでかい, though standard enough that I wouldn't necessarily call it \"slang\", is a\nstrictly casual expression that you would be extremely unlikely to see in\nformal or official contexts. In terms of scale, it's not much different from\nthe standard 大きい, perhaps a little more emphatic.\n\n巨大, on the other hand, is quite neutral in register, if anything a little more\ntowards the formal than the casual end of the scale (as is usually the case\nwith 漢語 versus 和語). It is, however, much more extreme in terms of scale,\nindicating that something is truly overwhelmingly large. As such, it's\nactually _also_ quite unlikely to appear in many formal/official contexts,\nsimply because formal texts tend not to be hyperbolic. It could certainly\nappear in the likes of newspaper articles or prose descriptions in novels,\nhowever, whereas でかい would be less likely to appear in these unless they were\nwritten in a particularly casual style.\n\nTo draw parallels with English words relating to size, I'd say:\n\n大きい ≈ big/large \nでかい ≈ huge \n巨大 ≈ gigantic/colossal",
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58454
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58456
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58456
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{
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"body": "I'm trying to figure out what this grammar is used for...\n\nMy textbook presents this:\n\n> a) 〜だけで、〜 \n> b) 〜だけでは 〜ない \n> c) 〜だけじゃ 〜ない\n\nI believe a) is just saying \"by simply doing something/having something etc ~\nI was able to do something...\"\n\nI believe b) is just saying \"by simply being/doing something you can't also\ndo/become/have something else\"\n\nI then have no idea what c) is trying to say. I don't know if it means by\ndoing something you can also have something or if you do something you can't\nalso have something else or what.... Please help!",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-08T10:39:10.187",
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"owner_user_id": "29546",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"contractions"
],
"title": "だけじゃ〜ない grammar question",
"view_count": 466
}
|
[
{
"body": "Yes, your understanding of a) and b) seems fine.\n\nAs for c), it is no different in meaning to b), and the two are freely\ninterchangeable. As in many other constructions (eg. the standard negative\ncopula じゃない/ではない), じゃ is simply a contraction of では. The では form will\ngenerally be more common in writing and formal use, whilst the じゃ form is more\ncommon in spoken conversation.\n\nA few examples of the structures in action:\n\n> 裕福な家庭に生まれただけで、一生遊んで暮らすことができる。 \n> Just by being born into a rich family, you can live a life of leisure.\n>\n> お金だけでは解決できない問題もある。 \n> There are some problems that can't be solved with money alone.\n>\n> 週に一回ジムに通うだけじゃ、痩せるとは限らないよ。 \n> Just going to the gym once a week doesn't necessarily mean you'll lose\n> weight.",
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"creation_date": "2018-05-08T12:39:50.347",
"id": "58461",
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58458
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58461
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{
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"body": "Thanks to\n[Weblio](https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E8%A1%8C%E3%81%8B%E3%82%8C%E3%82%93),\nI know that it means 行ってはいけない but I don't understand well the story with\n《標準語》(that is in the definition page), its level of politeness,etc",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-08T11:27:38.533",
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"owner_user_id": "25980",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"conjugations",
"dialects"
],
"title": "Where does \"行かれん\" come from and what are its characteristics?",
"view_count": 184
}
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[
{
"body": "The page you liked is an entry of 鳥取弁辞書. 行かれん is a dialectal form, and the 標準語\nsection shows its equivalent in standard Japanese.\n\nIn many western dialects, `未然形 + (ら)れん` expresses prohibition (\"don't\") or\nnegative potential (\"can't\"):\n\n> * 読まれんよ。 （読むなよ／読めないよ。）\n> * 見られん！ （見るな／見えない！）\n> * 寝られん！ （寝るな／寝られない！）\n> * そんなん、せられん。 （そんなこと、するな／できない。）\n>\n\nGodan verbs take れん, ichidan verbs take られん, する becomes せられん, and くる becomes\nこられん. Speakers of standard Japanese can easily understand the potential\nmeaning because it's very close to (ら)れる, but they are generally not familiar\nwith the meaning of \"Don't\".\n\nThere are [signboards that say\n泳がれん](https://thegoatthatwrote.net/2011/07/30/warning-deadly-but-cute/) in\nTokushima prefecture. This means \"Do not swim\" rather than \"You cannot swim\".\n\nNote that (ら)れん is not used in Osaka. Osaka people say 読まれへん (\"can't read\") or\n読んだらあかん (\"don't read\").",
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"body": "The page you pulled it from is the 鳥取弁{とっとりべん}辞書{じしょ}, a Tottori-ben (dialect)\ndictionary, so it is _not_ standard Japanese. I'm not sure if you already were\naware of that. 標準語{ひょうじゅんご} means standard Japanese, based on the Tokyo\ndialect. So the entry is saying that the Tottori-ben phrase 行{い}かれん means\n行{い}ってはいけない in standard Japanese.\n\nIf you look up れる in Daijisen, you will find the following definitions, which\nreflect standard Japanese:\n\n> １ 受{う}け身{み}の意{い}を表{あらわ}す。「満員電車{まんいんでんしゃ}で足{あし}を踏{ふ}まれた」「彼{かれ}はみんなに好{す}かれている」\n>\n> ２ 可能{かのう}の意{い}を表{あらわ}す。…することができる。「わかりやすい道{みち}だから子供{こども}でも行{い}かれるだろう」\n>\n> ３\n> 自発{じはつ}の意{い}を表{あらわ}す。自然{しぜん}と…られる。つい…られてくる。「故郷{ふるさと}に残{の}した両親{りょうしん}のことが思｛おも}い出{だ}される」\n>\n> ４ 軽{かる}い尊敬{そんけい}の意{い}を表{あらわ}す。「先生{せんせい}も山{やま}に行{い}かれたそうですね」\n\nThe meanings are as follows:\n\n * 1. expresses passive voice\n * 2. expresses potential\n * 3. expresses spontaneity\n * 4. expresses light reverence\n\nThe second meaning rarely applies to 五段 (godan / u) verbs anymore because in\nmodern Japanese, their potential forms are most often made with える instead of\nれる.\n\nSo this 行{い}かれん is simply the ぬ-negative of 行{い}かれる, which can be interpreted\nas having one of the above meanings. Unfortunately, you may notice that none\nof them carry the meaning of 行{い}ってはいけない (mustn't go). The fact of the matter\nis that this phrase simply evolved differently in Tottori-ben than in standard\nJapanese. If I were to guess, saying \"you are unable to do that\" came to have\nthe sense of \"you mustn't do that\" in the dialect, but I can't make any\ndefinitive claims. Dialects have a very complicated and tangled history (the\nevolution of language is complicated), and there aren't many in-depth\nresources available online that go into the etymology of phrases from less\nwell-known dialects.\n\nIf you want to know more, perhaps someone who specializes in Tottori-ben, or\nknows better resources, could fill you in.",
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58459
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58460
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58460
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{
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"body": "Why does 前 mean \"past\" in terms of time, but \"forward\" in terms of direction?\n\nSo far I was able to find that 前 is constructed from Chinese: 舟 and 止, which\ncan be interpreted as \"leaving a footprint\", hence the \"past\" meaning, but it\nseems kind of far-fetched.",
"comment_count": 4,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-08T12:46:39.510",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 15,
"tags": [
"etymology",
"time"
],
"title": "Why does 前 mean \"past\" in terms of time, but \"forward\" in terms of direction?",
"view_count": 5748
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[
{
"body": "Because one thing happens ‘before’ another thing in time. Actually it has the\nmeaning of ‘in front of’ or ‘before’. So something can happen **in front of\nyou**. Or something happens **before** another thing happens.",
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"creation_date": "2018-05-08T12:55:19.327",
"id": "58464",
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"body": "Probably for the same reason that someone who is \"ahead\" of someone else is\nboth _in front_ of them physically and also arrives _earlier_. For that\nmatter, the English word \"before\" also shares the same meanings of \"earlier\"\nand \"in front\" (though the latter meaning is rarer in current usage).\n\nEquating temporal directions with physical ones is a tricky matter that's more\ncomplicated than it might intuitively seem. 前 is actually the simpler Japanese\nexample here, because it is at least very consistent in which direction it\nrefers to in each context. 先 is so nebulous that it can actually refer to the\npast or future.",
"comment_count": 3,
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"body": "My understanding is that it's analogous to English usage of the word\n**before**.\n\nIn some cases, **before** in English has the connotation of something that\noccurs prior:\n\n> 学校から帰る **前** に、図書館に行かなきゃ。 \n> **Before** I go home from school, I have to go to the library.\n\nIn other cases, **before** has the meaning of something that is in front of\nyou (i.e. standing **before** you):\n\n> 急にアリスさんは僕の **前** に立ち上がって、「好きだよ、きみのこと」と言った。 \n> Suddenly, Alice stood up **before** (or, in front of) me, and said \"I love\n> you\".",
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"body": "As a Chinese native speaker who knows a little bit about Japanese, I would\nlike to talk about this character on a Chinese perspective. I believe the\norigin of your question can be traced to the Chinese origin. [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/l2VjU.jpg)\n\nPicture source: <http://www.fantizi5.com/ziyuan/> and then search \"前\".\n\nTranslation: Original character: (止 over 舟). This character is from 舟 and 止,\nwhere 舟 is a boat, and 止 is a foot, indicating the boat is going\nforward.........\n\n## Consider duck, which is an animal that uses its feet to pedal, 舟 with 止\nshould be considered as a person using his/her feet to pedal the boat to go\nforward.\n\nIn Chinese, 前 has almost the exactly same meaning as in Japanese - the first\nis something **in front of** something. E.g.: 面前, which literally means \"in\nfront of the face\", or just \"in front of (a person)\"; 站前, which is used by\nmany cities as \"the area in front of the (main) train station\". This can be\nconsidered as a priority queue (sorry, but I'm a computer scientist, and this\nis a computer science term, but I do think it is not hard to understand), 前\nmeans A has a higher priority than B.\n\nThe second meaning is about time - which means \" **before** \". However, in\nChinese, 前日 means \"the day before something happens\" (e.g.:结婚前日, \"the day\nbefore wedding\"). Interestingly, 前天 means \"the day before yesterday\", though\npeople usually treat 日 and 天 as two characters with the same meaning. More\ninterestingly, \"先前几天/先前几日\" in Chinese both have the same meaning: \"preceded\ndays before today (or someday)\", \"昨天/昨日\" both mean \"yesterday\". Nevertheless,\n前 means \"preceding time\". Time can also be considered as a queue - the\npreceded time can be considered as having a higher priority. Or front another\nperspective, the preceded time is \"in front of\" the following time.\n\nAnother meaning is \"proceed\". For example: \"前进\" literally means \"proceed\nforward\", which means \"proceed\". When proceeding, it means to get higher\npriority.\n\nAll in all, 前 means \"a higher priority\" as a state/time/etc, or \"to get a\nhigher priority\". Therefore, it means going forward.\n\n* * *\n\nI saw someone said that he/she is \"always confusing the meanings of 先日 and 前日\"\nin Japanese - it's normal, as you can see from above, they are complicated\nfrom the root (which is Chinese itself) of this question.\n\nP.S., for Chinese, the words with \"天\" that can be changed to \"日\" without\nchanging the meaning (e.g. \"昨天/昨日\", \"先前几天/先前几日\", \"三天/三日 (three days)\",\n\"星期天/星期日 or 周天/周日(Sunday, 周天 is rare, 星期天 and 周日 are most used, 星期日 is a\nlittle bit formal)\", \"工作天/工作日(Weekdays, though the first one is rare)\"), the\none with \"天\" is more informal, and the one with \"日\" is more formal. Even for\nmost words with \"日\" that is not interpreted as \"day\" (e.g.: \"日\" itself can\neither mean \"sun\" or \"day\" (and sometimes can be used as f-word in Chinese),\nbut \"天\" only means \"day\"), it's more formal than its synonyms (e.g.: 日 vs 太阳,\nboth mean \"the Sun\", and the first one is more formal; same when interpreting\n\"日\" as a swear word, it is more formal than its synonyms).\n\nIt's hard to feel the inner meaning of a word when learning another language.\nI personally learn English (since 2001-2002, when I was 4-5) and German (since\n2014), and I do speak better English than most of my Chinese friends - but\nstill worse than real native speakers...... It is necessary to be soaked in\nthat environment in order to be a better user of one language.",
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"creation_date": "2018-05-08T22:27:42.170",
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"body": "There are many issues with the question, because it doesn't differentiate\nbetween _words_ and _characters_. Fully addressing the question requires a\ndiscussion of the following:\n\n 1. The glyph origin of「前」\n 2. Spatiotemporal metaphors\n 3. The Chinese word (Old Chinese: /*[dz]ˤen/) meaning _front/forward, past_ and translating this Chinese word into the Japanese word「まえ」\n\n* * *\n\nFirstly, there is no demonstrable link between the character「前」and the meaning\n_forward_. The oracle bone version of「前」looked like\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/FMrn4.png)\n\nThat is, a compound of「止」( _foot_ ) and「凡」( _a tray_ , now written「盤」). The\noriginal meaning was _to wash one's feet (e.g. in a basin)_ , and sometimes to\nemphasise the meaning, drops of water「氵」were added around the foot, and「凡」was\nreplaced with「用」( _a tub/bucket_ , now written「桶」).\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/DSm27.png)\n\nThe original meaning was extended to mean _wash_ in general, now\nwritten「湔」.「凡」is often confused with「舟」(seen in many characters such as「盤」,\nwhere the tray-shape is morphed into「舟」), because「凡」and「舟」looked very similar\nin many bronze inscriptions:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/wnY9D.png)\n\n_(Bronze script forms; Left: 舟, Right: 凡)_\n\nThis leads to the form「歬」, and by this time「凡」and「用」were long gone from the\ncharacter and「歬」was used for the meaning _forward_.\n\nThe character didn't stop changing, however, and eventually「刀」was added to\nrepresent the meaning _cut_ , later written「剪」(to emphasise the meaning _cut_\ndifferentiated from _forward_ via the addition of yet another「刀」). An overview\nof the change over the years looked something like this:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/QgG1C.png)\n\nHopefully this demonstrates the importance in separating the concepts of\n_words_ and _characters_ ; the one series of characters「前」has been used to\nrepresent three completely different words (meaning _wash, forward, cut_ )\nwhich merely sounded similar.\n\n* * *\n\nNow that we've determined that the character has nothing to do with the\nmeaning, the second point of interest is the association of forward and past,\nand backward and future. Neurobiology/psycholinguistics terms the description\nof temporal directionality using spatial language as _spatiotemporal\nmetaphors_ , noting that words that describe spatial locations are borrowed in\nmost languages around the world to also describe temporal sequencing. Studies\nrelating to the English language typically categorises these as _time-based_\nand _ego-based_ metaphors:\n\n * Time-based metaphor, viewing a sequence of events from past to present. Future is _behind_ , past is _in front_. \n * English: after, before\n * Chinese:「後」,「前」\n * Ego-based metaphor, viewing a sequence of events as approaching you or leaving you. Future is _in front_ , past is _behind_. \n * English: forwards (what's coming ahead), backwards (what's left behind)\n * Chinese:「未來」,「過去」\n\nIt is clear that English also has a metaphor equating _front_ as _past_ ,\nwhich is directly translatable to「前」; however it is the time-based _before_\nrather than the ego-based _forward_.\n\nJapanese「まえ」(etymology/historical spelling:「[目方]{まへ}」, _the direction which\nthe eyes are looking in_ ), as a spatial term is an easy enough correspondence\nto Chinese /*[dz]ˤen/ ( _front_ ), but did it carry a connotation of _before,\npast_ prior to the importation of _kanji_? The presence of a few other\nJapanese vocabulary items specifying the past suggests a preference towards\nego-based metaphors:\n\n * 「[古]{いにしえ}」 - from「[往]{い}にし[方]{へ}」, _in the direction of that which has left you_ ;\n * 「[昔]{むかし}」 - from「[向]{む}く」+「し」, _in the direction of that opposite to the present (where you are located)_.\n\n* * *\n\nTo summarise:\n\n * 「前」has nothing to do with _forward/past_ in terms of glyph origins;\n * Chinese uses「前」as a time-based metaphor indicating _the past_ ;\n * It is unknown whether「まえ」had the association to the meaning _past_ before「前」was imported. Such a meaning would at least not be obvious from the etymology「[目方]{まへ}」, and we would expect an abundance of fossilised words containing a derivative or cognate of「[目方]{まへ}」referring to _the past_ if「まえ」was associated with _the past_ before the importation of「前」.",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-11T13:57:59.473",
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "58471",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "A boxer is trying to take his opponent down by brute force rather than\ntechnique. Someone frome the audience then shouts:\n\n> アウトもカンケーねーよ！！あんなゴリ押しのタックル…！！\n\nI think a rough translation of the sentence could be:\n\n> What is he trying to do by tackling him down? He doesn't have to push him\n> out of the ring!\n\nbut I am not sure about the meaning of アウト. Is it a reference to some other\nsport? [Here you can see the whole page](https://i.stack.imgur.com/DlkRv.jpg)\nwhere the sentence is from. Thank you for your help!",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-08T14:20:22.797",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"katakana",
"manga",
"sports"
],
"title": "Meaning of アウト in this sentence",
"view_count": 226
}
|
[
{
"body": "I'm by no means a boxing expert, but I imagine this アウト is probably a\nreference to the concept of infighting versus outfighting - basically short-\nrange versus long-range combat.\n\nPerhaps the boxer being tackled was trying to keep his opponent at a distance\n(\"アウト\"), but the enemy's brutish tackle was so forceful that it didn't make\nany difference (カンケーねー)?",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-08T14:48:02.860",
"id": "58471",
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{
"body": "Without seeing more context, Ben's answer looks plausible, but I'd like to\noffer a possible alternative.\n\n`アウト` is a term used in some sports, most notably baseball (anthonym `セーフ`),\nas well as tennis and golf (antonym `イン`).\n\nThe baseball meaning is also used nowadays in general speech to mean either\nviolating some rule, especially with a possibility of punishment, or to refer\nto something beyond generally accepted boundaries. So I think `アウトもカンケーねーよ`\ncould mean \"It doesn't matter if it's against the rules\". But I don't know if\nit fits the context without reading the whole chapter.",
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"creation_date": "2018-06-05T13:41:15.943",
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58469
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58471
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58471
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{
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"body": "> 鳥の絵が得意になり、クリスマスにハトの絵を贈ってくれる **ようにもなった** 。\n\nI cannot understand the meaning of ようにもなった in this sentence.\n\nI know that\n\n> 鳥の絵が得意になり、\n\nmeans \"I became good/strong at drawing birds and...\"\n\n> クリスマスにハトの絵を贈ってくれるようにもなった.\n\nCould the meaming of this be \"I received for Christmas a drawing of a dove\"?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-08T17:03:52.343",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning/use of ように in this sentence",
"view_count": 569
}
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[
{
"body": "Without other context, I would assume the subject of the first clause can't be\nthe speaker; otherwise it would mean:\n\n> I became good at drawing birds, and eventually I received a picture of a\n> dove for Christmas.\n\nSo I would interpret it as:\n\n> They (or he/she) became good at drawing birds, and eventually they gave me a\n> picture of a dove for Christmas.\n\nBut if, as you say, it's a memoir about the author's own experience in an art\nclass, then I suppose it must be the former. I'm using \"eventually\" as a\ntranslation of ようにもなる, but \"even\" would also be a good gloss.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-09T13:51:12.290",
"id": "58495",
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{
"body": "Dictionaries say するようになる means \"get to do\" or \"come to do\". You can use these\nwords. And this も is close to \"even\".\n\nSo this sentence would be translated as \"He(She) became good at drawing birds,\nand even he(she) got to give me a picture of a dove for Christmas.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-06-08T14:34:59.187",
"id": "59313",
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58473
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59313
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "58478",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "As the Weblio entry for [the thing\nis](https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/the+thing+is) explains, it is an idiomatic\nand colloquial expression used to introduce the main point or issue. It gives\na translation of ということです, but I am not entirely sure about that.\n\nThe Denshi Jisho entry for [nda](https://jisho.org/search/nda) gives the\ntranslations for the four expressions as “The expectation is that...”, “The\nreason is that...”, “The fact is that...” and “It is that...”. Logically, “The\nthing is that...” would qualify as a translation.\n\nAm I wrong here?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-08T18:04:34.837",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58475",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-08T19:41:57.527",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "Can “The thing is (that)…” be translated as 〜のです, 〜のだ, 〜んです or 〜んだ?",
"view_count": 79
}
|
[
{
"body": "You seem to understand the idea behind the `のだ` format quite well. The\ndifference I think you are seeking is between `のだ` and `ということ`.\n\nThe first is much more close and personal is used to give an explanation of\nsome sort (this one is also harder to translate directly but I think your\ndescription of `the thing is` is very close).\n\nThe latter is a much more literal, informational, and impersonal `It is\nthat...`.\n\nExamples:\n\n> 日本語がわからないんです。\n>\n> vs\n>\n> 日本語がわからないということです。\n\nThe first one sounds like an explanation provided the explains the speaker's\nsituation. In this case it sounds like their friend is having trouble because\nhe/she does not speak Japanese and is seeking understanding.\n\nThe second one sounds more impersonal and to the point. The speaker may have\nnothing at stake with the situation, like they are describing it as an\nobserver.\n\nBoth, however, serve to give some reasoning and extra information and can be\neasily translated as `The thing is...` or `It is that...`. The question is the\nfeeling behind it.",
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"creation_date": "2018-05-08T19:41:57.527",
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58475
|
58478
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58478
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{
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"body": "蛇\n\nI'm wondering what the difference in usage between へび, じゃ, and くちなわ is to\nreference snakes/serpents. Is one more common than the other? Is one more\ncasual or more literary? For example, \"snake\" comes up in casual conversation\nmore often than the word \"serpent\"; can the same be said for へび, じゃ, or くちなわ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-08T18:21:27.863",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58476",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-08T20:10:18.597",
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"owner_user_id": "27915",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"usage",
"readings"
],
"title": "Snakes! Word/Reading Choice -- 蛇: へび vs じゃ vs くちなわ",
"view_count": 249
}
|
[
{
"body": "If you just see the kanji 蛇, you would normally read it as へび. That's the\nbasic word for 'snake'. You can forget about the word くちなわ for the most part;\nit's an old word for snake (said to come from their resemblance to a rotten\nrope), but へび is the usual word today. Likewise, if you want to talk about\nsnakes in conversation, just say へび.\n\nThere are other readings, but they're not usually used as independent words.\nThe _on_ readings じゃ and だ appear when this character is used as part of\ncompound words:\n\n * 蛇口{じゃぐち} 'faucet'\n * 蛇足{だそく} 'superfluous/unnecessary [thing]'\n * 蛇行{だこう} 'meandering; wandering' \n * 長蛇{ちょうだ}の列{れつ} 'long line' (or 'long queue' in BrE)\n\nBut if you just see 蛇 by itself, you wouldn't normally read it じゃ or だ. You\nmay run into these as independent words from time to time, as in 夏目漱石's\n[虞美人草](https://www.aozora.gr.jp/cards/000148/files/761_14485.html), but this\nis an unusual stylistic choice, and I would usually expect there to be\nfurigana in cases like these.\n\nOne exception might be in set phrases or proverbs:\n\n * [蛇{じゃ}の道{みち}は蛇{へび}](http://kotowaza-allguide.com/si/jyanomichiwahebi.html) (or 蛇の道は蛇が知{し}る) \n'Set a thief to catch a thief' \n(lit. 'The track of a snake can only be recognized by another snake')\n\nBut I don't think these exceptions will be especially common.\n\nYou should also be aware of 大蛇, which can be read two ways. It can be read\nだいじゃ 'great serpent' as a regular word, but especially in fiction or\nmythology, it often represents おろち; please see\n[ヤマタノオロチ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamata_no_Orochi) on Wikipedia for\nmore information.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-08T20:10:18.597",
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58476
|
58479
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58479
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"body": "I searched for \"referring to yourself in third person\" and other similar\nphrases , but found only these:\n[Q1](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/2320/speaking-in-the-third-\nperson), [Q2](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/5388/when-is-it-\nappropriate-to-refer-to-yourself-using-your-name-rather-than-%E7%A7%81-or-o).\nAll searches in google also lead to similar discussions.\n\nBut I already know that referring to yourself in the third person in\nconversation might be seen as childish or cutesy. What I wanted to know about,\nhowever, was their usage in the workplace. There was an email from a co-worker\nasking if we were free on MM/DD/YYYY HH:MM. Then the replies that came were\nlike this:\n\n> 田中： 田中はOKです。\n>\n> 木村： 木村も大丈夫です。\n>\n> Me: 私も大丈夫です。\n\netc. etc. They are men in their 30's - 40's and I don't think they were trying\nto be cute at all. In fact, this isn't the first time they've answered in this\nway. Our department head once asked us to check each of the projects we were\nin-charge of and the replies were in the form:\n\n> 田中の分。。。\n\nThis second one, I can somehow understand since 〇〇の分 becomes somewhat an\nencompassing name or way to refer to the projects under 〇〇.\n\nI'm wondering, then, when is it appropriate to use your own name like these\nexamples? Should I have used my own name as well? Was it fine I used 私 (I used\n私 because it's the only way I know how and I wanted to be safe... but was it\nright)?\n\nIf this has actually already been asked and I just didn't search hard/well\nenough, please lead me to those questions/articles/etc.\n\nThank you!",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-09T01:05:05.940",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58481",
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"owner_user_id": "17571",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"usage",
"names",
"business-japanese",
"first-person-pronouns"
],
"title": "When do you use your own name to refer to yourself?",
"view_count": 1202
}
|
[
{
"body": "This is not uncommon in business settings. For one, 「田中はOKです。」 is easier to\ntype and more concise than 「田中です。私はOKです。」. For one, they may be trying to be\nfair and businesslike. Using their own family names signals they are treating\nthemselves the same way as other colleagues, from the third person's\nperspective. The person who says 田中の分 referring to himself signals he doesn't\nwant you to consider his own personal matter or the personal relationship\nbetween you and him. Anyway, the difference is not large, and 私 is always\nsafe, too.\n\nNote that these people are using their family name, which is not common among\nyoung girls who refer to themselves using their names. They normally use their\nfirst names.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-09T01:54:38.917",
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58481
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58482
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58482
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{
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"body": "This is more for formal written email than spoken in person.\n\nFor example, if I was to ask:\n\n* * *\n\nWhich of the following do you enjoy:\n\n(A) Coffee\n\n(B) Tea\n\n(C) The java in me\n\n* * *\n\nI would also like to know the most common way of listing a multiple choice\nsuch as if I was to use ㋐ ㋑ ㋒ in this situation?\n\nThanks in advance",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-05-09T02:38:56.937",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58483",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-09T03:30:05.657",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29859",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"questions",
"email"
],
"title": "How do I write out a multiple choice question in Japanese?",
"view_count": 326
}
|
[
{
"body": "(A)(B)(C) and (1)(2)(3) are perfect choices in most modern Japanese\nworkplaces, especially when you send something via the Internet. ①②③ is the\nnext safest. Some traditional documents still prefer (ア)(イ)(ウ), ㋐㋑㋒ or even\n[(イ)(ロ)(ハ)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iroha#Current_uses), but I don't\nrecommend using them at least as a primarily choice. (If you work at a legal\ndepartment, there may be special rules to list things.)\n\n[丸囲み文字](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/50511/5010) and\n[組文字](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/37132/5010) were common in the pre-\ninternet era, but its use has been discouraged by many people in the last 20\nyears due to technical reasons regarding character encoding (For example, ㋐㋑㋒\nwas not commonly available for a while on PC, and Mac users could not even\nread ①②③ in an email sent by PC users). Now it's generally safe to use them\nthanks to Unicode, but many people still avoid them on the net.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-09T03:09:52.673",
"id": "58484",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-09T03:30:05.657",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-09T03:30:05.657",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "58483",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
58483
|
58484
|
58484
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58501",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Saw this sample sentence on\n[Tangorin](http://tangorin.com/general/%E8%A6%9A%E3%81%BE%E3%81%99 \"覚ます\"):\n\n> その物音が私を眠りから **覚まさせた** 。 The noise awoke me from my sleep.\n\nSince 覚ます is a transitive verb, I do not understand why not simply use the\npast tense instead:\n\n> その物音が私を眠りから **覚ました** 。 (past tense)\n\nA transitive verb can be used in its causative form when the speaker is making\nsomeone do said verb. However, I do not think that is the case here, since the\nsentence should be thus written instead (from my understanding):\n\n> (私は)その物音 **に** 私を眠りから **覚まさせた** 。 (causative)\n\nNonetheless, this seems utterly awkward to me.\n\nAlternatively, if the speaker wishes to express the negative nuance, the\ncausative-passive can be utilized:\n\n> (私は)その物音 **に** 私を眠りから **覚まさせられた** 。 (causative-passive)\n\nAm I miserably mistaken?\n\nI fear that my use of particles here may be incorrect, and juggling these\ndifferent forms around exacerbates the situation.\n\nPlease send help.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-09T04:22:33.050",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58485",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-09T15:35:03.567",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-09T05:47:04.873",
"last_editor_user_id": "27674",
"owner_user_id": "27674",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"transitivity",
"causation"
],
"title": "Why is the causative used for a transitive verb in this case?",
"view_count": 240
}
|
[
{
"body": "According to a native speaker, using the past tense or the causative expresses\nthe same meaning in this case. Additionally, one can also say:\n\n> 私はその物音で目を覚ました。\n\nHere the subject changes, but the meaning is more or less the same.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-09T15:35:03.567",
"id": "58501",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-09T15:35:03.567",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27674",
"parent_id": "58485",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
58485
|
58501
|
58501
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Recently I found an intereseting sentence pattern \"てもいない\".\n\n聞いてもいない in 聞いてもない話を聞かされる\n\nやってもいない in やってもいないことを出来ないと言わない\n\n話してもいない in いきなりマイナス!?話してもいない相手への印象を悪くする行動\n\n思ってもいない in 思ってもないことを平気で言える女\n\nThe question I want to ask is, is it possible to omit the も, or it would sound\nwierd？",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-09T06:55:38.120",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58487",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-26T11:30:23.367",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-26T11:30:23.367",
"last_editor_user_id": "22712",
"owner_user_id": "22712",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"particle-も"
],
"title": "The sentence structure of \"てもいない\"",
"view_count": 1384
}
|
[
{
"body": "Omitting the も would change the verb to mean something slightly different.\n\n聞いてもいない = not even listening 聞いていない = not listening\n\nやってもいない = not even doing it やっていない = not doing it\n\nand so on.",
"comment_count": 11,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-09T08:52:13.370",
"id": "58488",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-09T14:43:34.887",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-09T14:43:34.887",
"last_editor_user_id": "29347",
"owner_user_id": "29347",
"parent_id": "58487",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "I think this も is close to \"even\".\n\nYou can rephrase your examples as 聞いてさえもいない話, やってさえもいないこと and 話してさえもいない相手.\n\nYou can omit the も and the sentence loses the meaning of \"even\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-09T12:18:34.063",
"id": "58494",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-09T13:58:33.227",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-09T13:58:33.227",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "58487",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
58487
| null |
58494
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm aware that I can say \"お茶を飲みます。\" (with the particle \"を\") to convey the\nmeaning \"I drink tea.\" in the sense of indicating that an action is taking\nplace.\n\nHowever, I'd like to know if I can also say \"お茶は飲みます。\" (with the particle \"は\")\nto convey \"I drink tea.\" in the sense of \"Drinking tea is something I\ngenerally do.\" If not, what would I say to distinguish between the two\nmeanings?\n\n(This question was inspired by the Duolingo exercise at\n<https://www.duolingo.com/comment/26545844>. Surprisingly, I can't find any\narticles directly comparing \"を\" and \"は\".)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-09T09:11:04.593",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58489",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-10T11:01:32.320",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-09T11:44:53.107",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "29863",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"particles",
"particle-は",
"particle-を"
],
"title": "What is the difference between \"を\" and \"は\"? Can I say both \"お茶を飲みます。\" and \"お茶は飲みます。\"?",
"view_count": 609
}
|
[
{
"body": "You theoretically could say お茶は飲みます, but in practice it’s almost always just\n飲みます, because the は and everything before it got dropped.\n\nIf you’re ever in a situation where you’re not sure if you could use は don’t\nand just use を",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-09T14:47:22.043",
"id": "58499",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-09T14:47:22.043",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29797",
"parent_id": "58489",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
},
{
"body": "To say \"drinking tea is something I generally do\", you can use 普段 with\nお茶を飲みます: (私は)普段お茶を飲みます. This is perfectly natural.\n\nHowever, if you instead use は, like (普段)お茶は飲みます, it strongly implies that you\nlike tea but hate some of others. Because of the reason, a sentence like\nお茶はのみます is often used with another sentence that explains what the others. For\nexample, you can say \"お茶は飲みますがコーヒーは嫌いです\" and \"お茶は飲みますが、家で飲むのはそれだけですね\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-12T09:46:37.503",
"id": "58587",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-12T09:46:37.503",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29903",
"parent_id": "58489",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
58489
| null |
58587
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58509",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm aware that 行かない means \"don't go\" (hope I'm not wrong).\n\nWhat I don't understand is the function of で. What's its use in this sentence?\n(I usually see that character used in です).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-09T09:26:58.943",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58490",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-10T11:25:05.010",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-09T11:18:31.493",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "22787",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"て-form"
],
"title": "In the phrase いかないで (Ikanaide), what's the function of で (de)?",
"view_count": 8452
}
|
[
{
"body": "いかないで, without any other context, is the short way of saying いかないでください,\n\"please don't go\". A Japanese verb ending with the positive て or negative ないで\nas a single, one-word sentence, is a \"please do / please don't\" situation:\n\n走らないで（ください）(please) don't run\n\n座らないで（ください）(please) don't sit down\n\n喋らないで（ください）(please) don't talk\n\n来て（ください）(please) come\n\n見て（ください）(please) look\n\n聞いて（ください）(please) listen\n\nomitting ください is often done in casual conversation. It can also give the\nrequest a strong feeling when it is omitted.",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-09T10:55:19.030",
"id": "58491",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-10T11:25:05.010",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-10T11:25:05.010",
"last_editor_user_id": "29347",
"owner_user_id": "29347",
"parent_id": "58490",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "The で indicates a request. Incidentally 行かない means \"won't go\" - 行かないで is\n\"don't go\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-09T23:35:15.487",
"id": "58509",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-09T23:35:15.487",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29876",
"parent_id": "58490",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
58490
|
58509
|
58491
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58496",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I know the sentence structure XについてのY, but I don’t know how to effectively use\nit. I know that what precedes it must be a noun or has to be nominalised, but\nstill can’t figure out how to use it properly.\n\nMy best guess would be something like:\n\n> ベルギー人はビール **について** の考え方とはベルギーのが一番美味しいと思います。 \n> Belgian people’s views about beer are that Belgian beer is the best\n> tasting.\n\nWould that be a correct sentence? I wasn’t sure about how to use some of the\nparticles with this construction.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/9lUqS.jpg)\n(This is where I first learned about the construction.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-09T11:39:47.413",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58493",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-09T14:37:05.417",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-09T11:53:16.360",
"last_editor_user_id": "29797",
"owner_user_id": "29797",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"usage",
"particles",
"syntax"
],
"title": "How to construct a sentence that’s correct, using についての?",
"view_count": 441
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「ベルギー人{じん} **は** ビールについての考{かんが}え方{かた}とはベルギーのが一番美味{いちばんおい}しいと **思{おも}います** 。」\n\nBefore discussing the validity of your sentence above, I would like to talk\nabout a couple of items.\n\n> 「Noun 1 + に + ついて + **の** + Noun 2」\n\nwill always be a **_noun phrase_** ; therefore, it will need to be treated as\nsuch without an exception.\n\nThis differs from the expression:\n\n> 「Noun + に + ついて + Verb」\n\nwhich is a verb phrase.\n\nNow, let us take a look at:\n\n> 「ビール + に + ついて + の + 考え方」\n\nThat is a perfectly formed noun phrase.\n\nYour sentence, however, has two flaws even though it was a very nice try.\n\n1) The 「は」 after the 「ベルギー人」. It needs to be 「の」 for it to be grammatical. You\nsaid \"Belgian people’s views\" yourself; You used the \"'s\", which is 「の」 in\nJapanese.\n\n2) 「思います」 at the end. The subject of this sentence is 「考え方」 and **_not_**\n「ベルギー人」. You cannot say 「考え方は/が思います」 (even though you can say 「ベルギー人は/が思います」).\n\nIdeally (and naturally), this sentence should end in 「～～という **もの** です」. If you\nused 「考え方」 as the subject, you would use that 「もの」 to correspond to it within\nthe predicate.\n\nYou used \"views about beer **_are that_** ~~~\" in your English. The Japanese\nexpression that is closest in both meaning and feeling to \"is/are that ~~~\"\nwould be 「～～というものです」.\n\nThus, the sentence I would personally recommend would be:\n\n> 「ベルギー人 **の** ビールについての考え方とは、ベルギーのが一番美味しい **というものです** 。」\n\nA very natural use of 「の」 in 「ベルギーのが」 by you, by the way.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-09T13:51:45.607",
"id": "58496",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-09T14:37:05.417",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-09T14:37:05.417",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "58493",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
58493
|
58496
|
58496
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58506",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 東都大学の国際交流クラブでは、外国人と日本人が一緒に楽しめる **ような** 行事を企画したり紹介したりしている。\n\nHow should I translate this ような? The only possible translation to me is \"in\norder that\".. am I wrong?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-09T19:42:43.577",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58505",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-09T23:38:36.040",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-09T23:38:36.040",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "29874",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"auxiliaries"
],
"title": "verb-casual ような (possible translation)",
"view_count": 169
}
|
[
{
"body": "In this case, the `ような` is to mean `sort of` or `kind of`. So the sentence\ncould be translated like this (without context taken into consideration):\n\n> At the Tokyo University International Cultural Exchange club, we are doing\n> things like planning and introducing **the kinds of events** (or **a kind of\n> event** ) where foreigners and Japanese people can have fun together.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-09T20:02:45.570",
"id": "58506",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-09T20:02:45.570",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22133",
"parent_id": "58505",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
58505
|
58506
|
58506
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "On the Shirabe Jisho app for the iPhone, they have conjugation charts for\nverbs. It seems that with every る verb, there is no imperative when it is in\nます form, but with every う verb, there IS an imperative when it is in ます form.\nIs this a mistake from the app, or is that just how it is, and if so, why?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-09T21:42:09.103",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58507",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-09T22:06:17.497",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29875",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"conjugations"
],
"title": "Why are る verbs missing the imperative in the ます form while う verbs have it?",
"view_count": 78
}
|
[
{
"body": "So, I decided to take a look at the app (which is pretty nice, by the way) but\nI think there is a slight error going on.\n\nFor the る verbs and う verbs it is correctly showing an imperative form in the\n\"positive\" section. (Basically the short form of the verb).\n\nFor the う verbs it is listing the ～てください form as \"imperative\" but that is not,\ntechnically speaking, the \"imperative\" form. It is simply politely asking for\nsomeone to do something: `Please ___`. So, I believe this has been\n**mislabeled**.\n\nThe る verbs do not show this form in the \"ます\" section but putting these verbs\nin the the \"please\" form is very simple. You just replace the る with てください.\n\nGenerally when one speaks of the \"imperative\" form, it is not in the formal ます\ncategory but is only in the short form of the verb (ie. the \"Positive\" section\ninside the app).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-09T22:06:17.497",
"id": "58508",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-09T22:06:17.497",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22133",
"parent_id": "58507",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
58507
| null |
58508
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58516",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "人間は普通ここに来れんのになあ I Know it means Humans Cannot Come here usually.\n\nbut doesn't 来られます Means can come Potential Form But 来れ Then ん Confuses me.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-10T01:26:50.423",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58512",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-10T02:06:13.970",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-10T02:06:13.970",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "26490",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"negation",
"potential-form",
"auxiliaries"
],
"title": "人間は普通ここに来れんのになあ I Know it means Humans Cannot Come here usually",
"view_count": 72
}
|
[
{
"body": "I would advise you to check out the Denshi Jisho entry for\n[ん](https://jisho.org/search/%E3%82%93).\n\nIn this case, ん is an abbreviation of ぬ, which is a negative verb ending.\n\nA good way to translate 来れん would be “can't come”.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-10T01:40:00.543",
"id": "58516",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-10T01:40:00.543",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29607",
"parent_id": "58512",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
58512
|
58516
|
58516
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "Is there anywhere I can find a list of words and what their reconstructed\npitches were in Middle Japanese? Or especially what words we have tone dot\ninformation on (with a preference for the oldest forms)? The more words I\ncould get the better, but any help would be appreciated. I've already tried to\nlook for resources but have only found a few words for any given class.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-10T01:36:10.033",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58513",
"last_activity_date": "2018-07-24T05:06:24.723",
"last_edit_date": "2018-07-24T05:06:24.723",
"last_editor_user_id": "542",
"owner_user_id": "29860",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"pitch-accent",
"archaic-language",
"linguistics",
"old-japanese"
],
"title": "Word lists/sources for pitch accent in Middle Japanese",
"view_count": 302
}
|
[] |
58513
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "58519",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 2008年までは輸入はともかく輸出はアメリカが一番だったんですが、それも中国で。\n\nThe part made me confused is the latter one, \"それも中国で\". Does it mean \"That is\nalso true in China\" or something else because it doesn't sound right to me and\nI hope someone can clear my doubt. Thank you.\n\nFor more information, this is a news about Japanese export and import value\nand the context leads to that sentence about China has beaten America and\nbecame the country with highest import and export value to Japan",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-10T01:39:20.350",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58514",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-10T02:37:56.753",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29550",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "About それも usage",
"view_count": 445
}
|
[
{
"body": "Your sentence can be rephrased as...\n\n> 2008年までは輸入はともかく輸出はアメリカが一番だったんですが、それも **今は** 中国で。\n\n(今は is not there but is implied in the original)\n\nThe それ is a normal pronoun, \"it/that\". It refers to 輸出 here.「それも中国で」 means\n「輸出の一番も今は中国で」 or 「輸出も今は中国が一番で」, \"As for the highest export value, it is also\nChina now (as well as import value).\"",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-10T02:30:49.063",
"id": "58519",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-10T02:37:56.753",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-10T02:37:56.753",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "58514",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
58514
|
58519
|
58519
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "recently I purchased a grammar book to help me prepare for the JLPT N3. One of\nthe constructions I have come across is \"〜てからでないと・・・.\" And I understand it's\nbasic function (I think...). From what I understand it means something like\n\"Unless A occurs B will/can not occur.\" I have come up with a few example\nsentences I'll place below. Please feel free to tell me if I have made any\nmistakes in my usage.\n\n私は日本語がペラペラになってからでないと、日本の大学院に行けません。\n\n毎日勉強してからでなければ、しけんにごうかくができません。\n\nアメリカの人口がデモクラットのだいとうりょうをえらんでからでないと、しゃかいせいぎはしんぽしません。\n\nHowever, after a few days of letting this grammar pattern mull around in my\nhead I started to wonder if there are any inherent difference between the\nabove grammar pattern and using a negative conditional followed by a negative\nmain clause. For example is there a (big) difference between my first example\nsentence above and the following sentence:\n\n私は日本語がペラペラにならないと、日本の大学院に行けません。\n\nI've tried doing some preliminary research on this grammar point but have not\nbeen able to find much online in the way of explaining its nuances. If you\nknow of any resources that got into this further I would greatly appreciate\nthem.\n\nOne thing I was also wondering is if this grammar would be something used in\nspoken language or is it more for written language? Also, if anyone knows a\nsite the clearly identifies which grammar points are mainly used in written\nand spoken language that would be awesome.\n\nAnd finally if anyone could help me understand the construction of this\ngrammar point that would be wonderful. From a literal perspective it seems\nlike it means something like \"(〜てから) after doing some verb (でないと) if it is\nnot\" or rearranged \"if it is not after doing some verb.\" Like I think I can\nsee where the are going with this but it is just not coming to me that\nintuitively.\n\nAgain, any help you can provide is completely welcome and appreciated. :-)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-10T01:39:45.150",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "58515",
"last_activity_date": "2021-11-15T16:01:30.240",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-10T01:55:48.383",
"last_editor_user_id": "29187",
"owner_user_id": "29187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Confusion regarding \"〜てからでないと・・・\"",
"view_count": 793
}
|
[
{
"body": "I believe that the ～てからでないと pattern has more chronological order implied. The\nbasic meanings are similar.\n\n一生懸命勉強してからでなければ、試験に合格できない。 \n一生懸命勉強しなければ、試験に合格できない。\n\nBoth have the same basic meaning of \"If you don't study you won't pass\". But\nthe first one has a nuance of \"taking the test once you have studied\".\n\nSimilar idea to 勉強してから、試験を受けないと合格できない vs 勉強しないと、合格できない。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-10T03:23:45.923",
"id": "58524",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-10T03:40:56.420",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-10T03:40:56.420",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "29183",
"parent_id": "58515",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
58515
| null |
58524
|
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