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{
"accepted_answer_id": "61757",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "According to\n[Jisho.org/mansion](https://jisho.org/search/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3)\nand [Japanese Core 1000](https://iknow.jp/courses/566932) マンション in Japanese\nmeans \"apartment, condominium, residential building\". But in English where the\nword might come from, it also refers to a large block of flats in British\nEnglish, but its primary meaning is \"a large, impressive house\", which is the\nmeaning we use also in Spanish (we don't use the apartment or condominium\nmeaning at all as far as I know). Therefore this \"luxurious house\" meaning\nseems to be missing in Japanese. Does マンション also mean \"luxurious house\" in\nJapanese?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-25T17:56:06.930",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61755",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-25T23:17:31.303",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-25T19:15:16.550",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "9878",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"loanwords"
],
"title": "Does マンション also mean \"luxurious house\" in Japanese?",
"view_count": 362
}
|
[
{
"body": "Indeed, the Japanese word マンション does not carry the same meaning as \"mansion\"\nin English.\n\nMonolingual dictionaries will only list the meaning you mentioned, even though\nthey may point out that the word has a different meaning in English. For\nexample, the entry in 大辞林 reads\n\n> **マンション** **【mansion】** 〔大邸宅の意〕\n>\n> 中・高層の集合住宅。比較的規模の大きいものをいう。\n\nusing the word 大邸宅 \"large residence\" (or of course \"mansion\") in angled\nbrackets to show that the English word has a different meaning.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-25T18:23:23.803",
"id": "61757",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-25T19:46:58.693",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "61755",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "According to the dictionary マンション means only an apartment. \nIt does not have the same meaning as in English. \nEven when you say 高級マンション, it still means an apartment and not a house.\n\n> マンション(mansion)《大邸宅の意》中高層の集合住宅。ふつう、分譲形式のものをいう。 \n>\n\n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/210432/meaning/m1u/マンション/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/210432/meaning/m1u/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3/) \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/マンション/#je-72231](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3/#je-72231)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-25T21:49:27.043",
"id": "61759",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-25T23:17:31.303",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-25T23:17:31.303",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61755",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61755
|
61757
|
61757
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've come across the phrase:\n\n> ツッコミどころ多すぎ\n\nIn a book where the character was for a second time expressing annoyance at\nhis colleague's reckless actions.\n\nBut I'm unsure of it's meaning since it appears to me that it might be\nidiomatic or a set phrase of sorts. I've come across the same string of words\nbeing used on the web but no explanation of it's use.\n\n(If I had to guess, \"being the straight-man too many times.\")",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T03:21:14.897",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61761",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-26T03:47:43.077",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31378",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"set-phrases",
"idioms"
],
"title": "Meaning of ツッコミどころ多すぎ?",
"view_count": 895
}
|
[
{
"body": "ツッコミ所【どころ】 literally means \"place for butting in\" or \"the point of retorting\".\nIt refers to a silly point in the words the other person just said. For the\nmeaning of ツッコミ itself, see\n[this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/17870/5010) and\n[this](https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/BokeAndTsukkomiRoutine).\nThis ツッコミ by itself does not refer to a person but refers to an action of\n突っ込む.\n\nツッコミどころ(が)多すぎ(る) (\"There are too many points of retorting\") means the previous\nstatement has so many funny points that the speaker does not know how to\nrespond and correct them. This is one of the ways to describe how unreasonable\nand messy a statement is.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T03:42:34.910",
"id": "61762",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-26T03:47:43.077",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-26T03:47:43.077",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61761",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61761
| null |
61762
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61781",
"answer_count": 4,
"body": "Is it possible to write Japanese in pure Kanji?\n\nI think I have seen in one TV news show in Osaka that they are showing\nsnippets of newspaper written in all Kanji.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T08:04:17.657",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61767",
"last_activity_date": "2020-04-14T23:05:18.360",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31382",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "Is it possible to write Japanese in pure Kanji?",
"view_count": 8860
}
|
[
{
"body": "Kanji in Japanese is ideographic, meaning that each character has a set\nmeaning. As such, it is possible to string several together to get larger\nwords with greater nuance.... This Stack Exchange talks about long Japanese\nwords:\n\n[What is the longest word in\nJapanese?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/9424/what-is-the-\nlongest-word-in-japanese)\n\nNotice, however, in one of the examples on that page, that the long English\nword \"antidisestablishmentarianism\" cannot simply be rendered with kanji, in\nJapanese (英国国教会の廃止に反対する主義). This is because the Japanese explanation of the\nconcept includes a possession marker, a preposition and a verb, all of which\ninvolve the use of hiragana.\n\nThe Japanese language needs these hiragana portions to represent verb\nconjugations, and to denote movement/placement/relationship, etc... So if you\nsaw a string of PURE kanji, it is likely to be a singular name or idea, not a\nfully formed sentence or a complete thought.\n\nChinese, on the other hand, IS written completely with hanzi (the Chinese\nversion of kanji), so it is possible you saw a clip from a Chinese newspaper\nbeing discussed on a Japanese show.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T08:45:04.073",
"id": "61769",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-26T08:45:04.073",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29347",
"parent_id": "61767",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "If you saw that the newspaper had only Chinese characters (specifically, no\nhiragana or katakana), you are likely looking at a Chinese newspaper. Modern\nJapanese has used hiragana in the newspaper for at least 70 years (likely\nlonger).\n\nThis [wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana) page gives an\n(extremely) brief history of hiragana, but it appears to have been around\nsince AD 500. Hiragana wasn't officially formalized into the system until much\nafter the 500's, but you may be hard pressed to find a date.\n\nThe fact that the hiragana system was [reformed in\n1900](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_script_reform)* suggests to me\nthat its appearance in newspapers _could_ date until 1900, if not earlier. The\nappearance of a standard Kanji list in 1946 ([Tōyō\nkanji](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C5%8Dy%C5%8D_kanji)) indicates to me\nthat use of hiragana in newspapers was at least formalized at around the same\ntime.\n\n*The wikipedia article on script reform may be more what you are looking for in terms of information. I highly suggest you give it a look.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T13:03:03.930",
"id": "61775",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-26T13:22:39.097",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-26T13:22:39.097",
"last_editor_user_id": "22352",
"owner_user_id": "22352",
"parent_id": "61767",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "### Is it possible to write Japanese in pure Kanji?\n\nYes.\n\nThis is mostly historical, however, such as the\n[_Man'yōshū_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man%27y%C5%8Dsh%C5%AB) poetry\ncollection dating to roughly 759. The University of Virginia has [published\nthis online](http://jti.lib.virginia.edu/japanese/manyoshu/AnoMany.html) in\nall-kanji Old Japanese, as well as modernized orthography (spelling), and\nkana-only for clarification of the sound values.\n\nAs others have noted, modern Japanese makes extensive use of kana as a\nrequired element to specify particles, the inflected endings of verbs and\nadjectives, and other elements of the language.\n\n### ... snippets of newspaper written in all Kanji\n\nNewspapers are a special context. Space is a premium, so shorter forms are\npreferred, especially in headlines and captions. This kind of \"headline-ese\"\nis a weird version of Japanese, leaving out most particles and inflections.\nGrammatically, most headlines are parseable as noun stacks.\n\nIn a brief search, I couldn't find any headlines that were _only_ in kanji,\nbut the following examples come close.\n\n * [名古屋城木造化、名古屋市副市長「１０月の許可厳しい」](https://www.asahi.com/articles/ASL9T2W9XL9POIPE00Y.html?iref=comtop_list_cul_n04)\n * [安倍政権銘柄の持続力 人材・建設に思惑先行](https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXMZO35777830W8A920C1EN1000/)\n\nIf you think about it, \"headline-ese\" is weird in any language: English\nnewspapers use a similar kind of special grammar for headlines to tighten\nthings up. Examples:\n\n * [Montgomery College’s Takoma Park campus lifts lockdown](https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/montgomery-county-takoma-park-is-on-lockdown/2018/09/26/9e10b18e-c18d-11e8-a1f0-a4051b6ad114_story.html?utm_term=.2eb86799bf78)\n * [Uber drivers suing for better pay lose critical ruling](https://www.bostonglobe.com/business/2018/09/25/uber-drivers-suing-for-better-pay-lose-critical-ruling/9qjHCbQgVlCxVG1pko8yTO/story.html)\n\nThat said, if you saw whole newspaper articles written without kana, then no,\nthat would have been Chinese, not Japanese.",
"comment_count": 9,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T17:45:04.723",
"id": "61781",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-26T17:45:04.723",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "61767",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 15
},
{
"body": "No. It is not possible to write standard Modern Japanese in kanji only. You\nmay see newspaper headlines without kana particles but that is an artificial\nuse of orthography to save space on the page. Headlines do not reflect\ngrammatical or syntactic norms within the language itself.\n\nHistorically, there was a time when only kanji were used. When kanji were\nfirst borrowed from Chinese, different reading systems were used\nexperimentally, including a system in which only kanji were used. However,\nthis created difficulties for readers, especially when trying to represent\nverbal inflexions and grammatical particles. For example, the particle には used\nto be written as 庭 (niwa), but such usage requires the reader to understand\nthat in this case, the kanji character is to be used only phonetically and not\nfor its meaning. Ultimately, this and other attempts proved too cumbersome and\nthe issue was only resolved with the ongoing evolution of kana. From then\nonwards, the so-called 'mixed writing' was adopted and has become standard. In\nfact, you cannot write Japanese without including kana to represent particles,\nverb endings, okurigana, honorifics, etc.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T14:18:29.173",
"id": "61797",
"last_activity_date": "2020-04-14T23:05:18.360",
"last_edit_date": "2020-04-14T23:05:18.360",
"last_editor_user_id": "25875",
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"parent_id": "61767",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
61767
|
61781
|
61781
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61774",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I was wondering how a passive sentence like:\n\n> トムさんに話しかけられた。\n>\n> Tom started talking (to me).\n\ncould be changed to express that it was the first time that it happened. My\nattempt was:\n\n> トムさんに話しかけられたのは、初めてだった。\n\nIs it gramaically correct? ( Should 話しかけられる be in the plain form or in the\ninformal past?)\n\nDoes it sound natural, or is there a better way to say it?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T09:14:23.930",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61770",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-26T13:09:30.357",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "31383",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"passive-voice"
],
"title": "Using 初めて with the passive",
"view_count": 135
}
|
[
{
"body": "I did the following two Google searches:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/muSsn.png)\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/I69gu.png)\n\nLooks like it's more favored to say:\n\nトムさんに話しかけられたのは、初めてだった。\n\nthan to say:\n\nトムさんに話しかけられるのは、初めてだった。\n\nAnother way to express the same meaning would be:\n\nトムさんに初めて話しかけられた。",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T09:49:45.247",
"id": "61771",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-26T09:49:45.247",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22594",
"parent_id": "61770",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "Your attempt, トムさんに話しかけられたのは初めてだった is a perfectly correct Japanese sentence.\nYou can also say トムさんに話しかけられ **る** のは初めてだった, which is almost the same in this\ncase. But note that ～るのは初めてだった and ～たのは初めてだった are not always interchangeable.\nFor example, you have to say トムさんに会うのは初めてだった if \"meeting Tom\" happens\nrelatively in the future of the time this statement is about.\n\n(If you just want to use 初めて with the original sentence in the passive voice,\nthe simplest way to do so is トムさんに初めて話しかけられた, of course.)\n\nFor reference, here are the hit results from BCCWJ (online corpus):\n\n * **[た/だ] + のは初めて + [だった/でした]** : 86 results\n * **[う/く/ぐ/す/つ/ぬ/ぶ/む/る] + のは初めて + [だった/でした]** : 76 results",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T12:29:48.753",
"id": "61774",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-26T13:09:30.357",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-26T13:09:30.357",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61770",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
61770
|
61774
|
61774
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61773",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "When you left-click an image on the internet using chrome you are presented\nwith, amongst others, this option:\n\n> 名前を付けて画像を保存...\n\nwhich I imagine is, in its full form\n\n> 名前を付けて画像を保存する.\n\nIn this sentence, we have two を particles. Can someone please explain the\ndetails of this sentence grammar?\n\nThank you very much.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T10:33:47.693",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61772",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-26T14:19:48.283",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-26T12:43:31.273",
"last_editor_user_id": "22352",
"owner_user_id": "31384",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"particles"
],
"title": "Using two を particles in one sentence",
"view_count": 701
}
|
[
{
"body": "The important thing is the て-form from 付けて. It acts as a connection between\nthe two separate clauses 名前を付ける and 画像を保存(する). You can think of it like the\nEnglish `and` in this context. Naturally with two separate clauses, it's not\nat all surprising to have two をs.\n\nThus, to understand the sentence we just have to figure out what each of the\nparts mean. 名前を付ける means `to attach a name` and `画像を保存(する)` means to `save an\nimage`. Thus this sentence means `to name and save an image`.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T12:12:57.600",
"id": "61773",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-26T14:19:48.283",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-26T14:19:48.283",
"last_editor_user_id": "20305",
"owner_user_id": "10045",
"parent_id": "61772",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
}
] |
61772
|
61773
|
61773
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61777",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I came across [this\nquestion](https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1263934907)\non Yahoo where the answerer claims that the expression 手取り足取り is based on a\nPortuguese phrase, transliterated as テトゥーリァ・シトル and supposedly meaning \"to\ndescribe in great detail\". Is there any evidence for this? If so, how is the\noriginal phrase spelled?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T16:19:00.053",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61776",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-26T18:41:43.107",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12271",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"etymology"
],
"title": "Did 手取り足取り come from Portuguese?",
"view_count": 1087
}
|
[
{
"body": "### Research: Portuguese\n\nI'm not fluent by any means, but I am somewhat familiar with Portuguese. Try\nas I might, I cannot find a likely match for the purported Portuguese source\nexpression. The closest match for the テトゥーリァ portion would seem to be\n_tutelar_ (\"to guard or protect; to tutor\", [entry on the Portuguese\nWiktionary](https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/tutelar)), but the vowel order is\nwrong, and none of the conjugated forms match either. Nor can I find any\nlikely match for シトル.\n\n### Research: Japanese\n\nReputable and comprehensive Japanese dictionaries, such as Shogakukan's 国語大辞典\nwhich gives extensive etymologies where available, make no mention of any\nPortuguese derivation. A purely-Japanese derivation also makes sense in this\ncase, unlike in cases such as 天婦羅【てんぷら】 (in part from Portuguese _temperar_ ,\n\"to season\", cognate with English \"temper\", and in part from Portuguese\n_têmpora_ , \"Ember Days\", a Catholic holiday when red meat is avoided, cognate\nwith English \"temporary\") or 金平糖【こんぺいとう】 (from Portuguese _confeito_ , cognate\nwith English \"confetti\"), etc. etc.\n\n### Conclusion\n\nConsidering the lack of any sourcing, the lack of any apparent matches in\nPortuguese, the Japanese-only derivations mentioned in dictionaries, and the\nadditional indications of [bogosity](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bogosity)\npointed out by naruto, I will tentatively call\n\"[bullshit](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bullshit)\" on the Yahoo thread.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T16:55:31.137",
"id": "61777",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-26T16:55:31.137",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "61776",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 11
},
{
"body": "I know zero Japanese, so please do not take this as an authoritative answer,\nbut I am Portuguese, so thought I could try to help.\n\nGoogle Translate says\n<https://translate.google.com/#auto/pt/%E3%83%86%E3%83%88%E3%82%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A1%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B7%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB>\n\n\"Teto~ūri~a shitoru\": the first word is close to the Portuguese \"tutorial\",\nwhich is the same word in English \"tutorial\", as in a step of steps explaining\na certain procedure. Maybe that is what you were looking for?\n\nI hope this helps.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T18:41:43.107",
"id": "61782",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-26T18:41:43.107",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31386",
"parent_id": "61776",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61776
|
61777
|
61777
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61780",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> 「 **私に甘えっぱなしだ** なんて、そんなこと気にしないで良いんだからね……？」- act spoiled \"to\"/depend on me\n>\n> だからあんたも、何かの間違いで **私に惚れたり** しないでよ？ どうせ面倒なことにしかならなそうだし - fall in love\n> \"towards\" me?\n>\n> はい、魔力とは人の持つ **欲望に根ざす** もの - probably location に, Included this to make sure\n>\n> でも、こうして１分１秒迷っている間に、地上は **滅びに近づいています** 。probably movement/destination に, but\n> not physically moving. Included this to make sure\n>\n> 勝負？ **私に勝てる** と思ってるの？」- a match? you think you can beat me? (gain victory\n> to?/from? me)\n>\n> というかお前に出来て私に出来ないはずないし……」-if you could do it, there's no way i couldn't; see\n> below\n\nI noticed that the dictionary of japanese grammar says [An intransitive verb\ncan never take\nに...](https://djtarchive.neocities.org/bunpou/full_day.html#%E3%8A%A6%E3%81%AB\\(2\\)).\n\nWhen I read this rule when i just started learning i didn't think much of it,\nbut now that I've read a fair bit of stuff this rule just doesn't add up.\n\nI dug a few sentences just for examples, but i actually can't find any\nexamples of a transitive only verb directly following 私に in this script, but\nthere are countless examples the where an intransitive verb is.\n\nParticularly with the last sentence, I were to write, \"if you could do it,\nthere's no way i couldn't\", in Japanese, i probably wouldn't have thought to\nuse に.\n\nAre there any formal explanations ? Thank you\n\nedit:",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T16:57:12.403",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61778",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-27T14:54:02.937",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-26T19:51:37.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "22187",
"owner_user_id": "22187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-に"
],
"title": "Noun+に and intransitive verbs clarification",
"view_count": 487
}
|
[
{
"body": "That statement is part of \"●Notes 2.\", i.e., the rule you mentioned is about\n～に in the sense of \"for (the sake of) ～\" used with any \"verb used in the\nVerbてあげる or Verbてくれる construction\". For example, even though you can say 学校に行く\nin isolation, you cannot say ×彼に学校に行ってあげた nor ×彼に学校に行ってくれた in the sense of\n\"for him\" because 行く is an intransitive verb. Instead, you have to say\n彼のために学校に行ってあげた/くれた. By contrast, 彼に学校に行ってもらった is fine.\n\n**EDIT:** Let me summarize this grammar point in my own words. The \"Notes\"\nunder ㊦に(2) is saying the following. Please keep in mind that everything\nwritten below is only about に in the sense of \"for (the sake of) ～\".\n\n * 彼に浴衣をあげる means \"I give a yukata to him\". Easy.\n * **However** , 彼に浴衣を着る means nothing (because 着る does not normally take に).\n * **However** , 彼に浴衣を着てあげる means \"I wear a yukata _for him_ \" even though 着る does not normally take に. This is because 着る is used with あげる, and 着る is a transitive verb that does not take a human direct object.\n * **However** , 彼に死んであげる means nothing, even though there is あげる and 死ぬ is a verb that does not take a direct object whatsoever. This is because 死ぬ is intransitive! Only in this specific situation, \"An intransitive verb can never take に\" (in the sense of `for the sake of ～`) is true.",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T17:39:56.837",
"id": "61780",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-26T18:48:41.680",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-26T18:48:41.680",
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61778",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "できる can also mean that \"something is possible\". \nIn this case the \"something\" is the subject of the sentence. \nExample: \nこの仕事は私には出来ません。 \nThis job is too difficult for me.\n\n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/出来る/#je-51361](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E5%87%BA%E6%9D%A5%E3%82%8B/#je-51361) \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/151118/meaning/m0u/出来る/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/151118/meaning/m0u/%E5%87%BA%E6%9D%A5%E3%82%8B/)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T14:51:43.113",
"id": "61801",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-27T14:51:43.113",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61778",
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"score": 0
}
] |
61778
|
61780
|
61780
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61802",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "This is from a blog about Death Note\n\n> L及び警察側の状況整理という感じの情報が出されていきます。\n\nFrom episode 2, the context is a reunion were the police and L are reviewing\ninformation about the kira case and one officer is reading tip offs.\n\nI'm trying to interpret this and I have something like:\n\n> there's the information of [a sense of the police and L making plans] that\n> is going to be taken out (exposed in the reunion).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T17:26:39.567",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61779",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-27T15:58:04.867",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "17515",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"interpretation"
],
"title": "How to interpret 感じの情報 in this sentence",
"view_count": 139
}
|
[
{
"body": "Let's start piece by piece:\n\nL及び警察側 = L and the police\n\n状況整理 = assessing the situation\n\nL及び警察側の状況整理 = L and police assessing the situation\n\nL及び警察側の状況整理という感じ = The feeling of `\"L and the police assessing the situation\"`\n\nL及び警察側の状況整理という感じの情報 = The information of the feeling of `\"L and the police\nassessing the situation\"`\n\nL及び警察側の状況整理という感じの情報が出されていきます。 = The information of the feeling of `\"L and the\npolice assessing the situation\"` is shown\n\nTo put it into more natural English, the show portrays the feeling that L and\nthe police are assessing the situation.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T20:54:22.090",
"id": "61788",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-26T20:54:22.090",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10045",
"parent_id": "61779",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "According to the dictionary 感じ can be translates as \"sensation\", \"feeling\",\n\"impression\". \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/感じ/#je-14554](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E6%84%9F%E3%81%98/#je-14554)\n\nSo the translation becomes: \n状況整理という感じの情報 \nAn information that indicates like they are assessing the situation.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T14:33:36.600",
"id": "61799",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-27T14:33:36.600",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "18157",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "感じ literally means \"feeling\" of \"sense\", but this ～という感じの is just an informal\nway to avoid assertive tone, so it's like \"kinda looks (to me) like ～\", \"along\nthe lines of ～\", \"that might be called a ～\", etc. In this case, it implies\n状況整理 is the reviewer's own wording, i.e., no one in the anime actually said\n状況整理.\n\n * 状況整理: organization/summarizing/review of the current situation (of Kira's case)\n * L及び警察側の状況整理: review of the situation seen from the L and police's side\n * L及び警察側の状況整理という感じの情報: information that kind of looks like a review of the current situation seen from the L and police's side\n\nSee also:\n\n * [Subject for 感じ in the following sentence](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/21106/5010)\n * [Can someone please help me understand the structure of this sentence?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/33626/5010)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T15:58:04.867",
"id": "61802",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-27T15:58:04.867",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61779",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61779
|
61802
|
61788
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "> でもほんとに、エピソード21 **に** は涙が出るほど笑ったよ。\n\nFor some reason I feel like it would be better without the に (in bold) but I\ncan't explain why.\n\nAnother person said that で would be better but I think that it changes the\nmeaning completely. I mean that （登場人物の）Aさんは エピソード21では涙が出るほど笑ったよ would be okay\nbut if the subject is not a character of the episode で is not appropriate.\n\nCould you explain the reason behind using に here?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T20:19:55.393",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61783",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-26T20:19:55.393",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4216",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"particle-に",
"particle-で",
"に-and-で"
],
"title": "Why is に used in that sentence?",
"view_count": 66
}
|
[] |
61783
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61785",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 1. それじゃあなんかお前の方が詳しそうだから、ここはお前に任せる\n>\n> 2. 俺の負けだ。今日のところは素直に敗北を認める\n>\n>\n\nCan に and を be swapped in these scenarios? If not, what is the distinction\nbetween 認める and 任せる ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T20:25:56.890",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61784",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-26T20:36:38.933",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "22187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particle-に",
"transitivity"
],
"title": "Under what scenarios can you use transitive verbs with に？",
"view_count": 95
}
|
[
{
"body": "In the first case, `ここはお前に任せる`, お前 is an indirect object (or dative) of 任せる,\nthus it is marked by に, the direct object (ここ) is marked by は (and は absorbed\nを).\n\nIn the second case, `敗北を認める`, 敗北 is the direct object of 認める, thus it is\nmarked by を.",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T20:36:38.933",
"id": "61785",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-26T20:36:38.933",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4216",
"parent_id": "61784",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
61784
|
61785
|
61785
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I'm having trouble deciphering this handwriting. So far, I can definitely tell\nthat the first column says 参拾弐 in 大事, and the fourth column says 手本. Really\nstruggling with column two and some of column three (last two kanji are 弐号,\nbut what's the first?)\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/2qtX0.jpg)\n\n(Click for full image.)",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T20:38:25.950",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61786",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-27T06:09:01.730",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-27T06:09:01.730",
"last_editor_user_id": "11792",
"owner_user_id": "31387",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"handwriting",
"calligraphy"
],
"title": "Understanding difficult handwriting/calligraphy",
"view_count": 422
}
|
[] |
61786
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am looking for cursive forms , not standard, of the kanji for zu 'drawing'.\nThanks for your help.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-26T20:43:11.813",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61787",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-28T00:59:29.707",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31388",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "I am looking for cursive forms of the kanji for 'zu'. It means a drawing. Thanks.",
"view_count": 209
}
|
[
{
"body": "This is how 図 is written in cursive form.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MMekk.png)\n\n**Here's the stroke order:**\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/nfjpr.png)\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/EvLGT.png)\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ETtME.png)\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/IT4X5.png)\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Sa4vt.png)\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/AS6No.png)\n\nSource: [草書にチャレンジ 図(圖)[zu] Kanji cursive script](https://ryohkei.com/kanji-zu-\ncursive-19116.html)\n\nHope this helps :)",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T02:39:24.843",
"id": "61790",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-28T00:59:29.707",
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"last_editor_user_id": "20104",
"owner_user_id": "20104",
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"score": 2
}
] |
61787
| null |
61790
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61792",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I came across the both words in the title and wondered, if there is a general\ndifference in their usage and/or meaning. In which cases do I use 入場, and when\nis it 入所?\n\nThank you!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T04:40:48.010",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61791",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-27T14:07:50.063",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30915",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"word-usage"
],
"title": "When do I use which word for admission? 入場 vs. 入所",
"view_count": 764
}
|
[
{
"body": "入所 is usually reserved for entering a prison, a nursing home, etc.\nparticularly (but not always) if the name of the place has a 「所」 in it's name,\ne.g. 研究所、刑務所、保育所 etc.\n\n入場 is more common and used for admission to a park, a concert, etc.\nparticularly (again, not always) if the name has a 「場」 like 野球場、キャンプ場, but\nalso when someone makes an entrance (ゲストの入場、新郎新婦の入場）.\n\nI think the main difference is time spent in the place being admitted to.\nLonger times (months, years) for 入所, shorter times (hours, days) for 入場.\n\np.s. I noticed that Halfway Dillitante made a comment that also mentions some\nof my examples while I was typing.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T05:01:05.433",
"id": "61792",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-27T05:01:05.433",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30554",
"parent_id": "61791",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "According to the dictionary you use 入場 to enter places like 会場, 競技場, 式場,\nusually as a customer. \n入所 is when you become a member or employee of an institution like a 研究所\n(laboratory).\n\nにゅうじょう【入場】会場・競技場・式場などにはいること。 \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/168262/meaning/m0u/入場/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/168262/meaning/m0u/%E5%85%A5%E5%A0%B4/)\n\nにゅうしょ【入所】 \n１ 研究所など、所と名のつくところに所員としてはいること。 \n２ 刑務所にはいること。 \n３ 養護老人ホーム、児童養護施設、知的障害児施設、授産施設などの社会福祉施設に入って生活すること。 \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/168257/meaning/m0u/入所/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/168257/meaning/m0u/%E5%85%A5%E6%89%80/)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T14:07:50.063",
"id": "61796",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-27T14:07:50.063",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61791",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61791
|
61792
|
61792
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61798",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I need some help with basic grammar. \nWhat is the difference between these sentences:\n\n> 1. これは真面目だった人です。\n> 2. これは真面目な人でした。\n> 3. これは真面目だった人でした。\n>\n\nThank you in advance!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T12:47:31.700",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61794",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-28T00:11:07.487",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-28T00:11:07.487",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "31395",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"copula",
"na-adjectives"
],
"title": "na-adjectives in different tenses. これは真面目だった人です。",
"view_count": 131
}
|
[
{
"body": "1.これは真面目だった人です。 \n2.これは真面目な人でした。 \n3.これは真面目だった人でした。\n\nOnly sentence 2 is correct. \nBoth sentences 1 and 3 have the same verb (the copula だ) twice, which is weird\nand unnecessary.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T13:58:56.377",
"id": "61795",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-27T13:58:56.377",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61794",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -3
},
{
"body": "I'm only learning myself so I'm not sure, but I think all sentences are\ncorrect, since \"真面目な/真面目だった\" are both the present/past prenominal forms of\n\"真面目\", and I don't think these collide in any way with the です/でした copula at\nthe end of the sentence.\n\n1.これは真面目だった人です。 This _is_ a person who _used to be_ serious.\n\n2.これは真面目な人でした。 This _was_ a serious person.\n\n3.これは真面目だった人でした。 This _was_ a person who _used to be_ serious (but that\nchanged at some point).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T14:19:25.593",
"id": "61798",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-27T14:19:25.593",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31383",
"parent_id": "61794",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
61794
|
61798
|
61798
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61807",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Present in English means both gift, and it also mean the current (present)\ntime. Japanese online examples and translation seem to omit this second\nmeaning. Does プレゼント have both English meanings or just the \"gift\" meaning?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T17:54:39.500",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61803",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-27T18:50:18.433",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9878",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"loanwords"
],
"title": "Does プレゼント have both English meanings or just the \"gift\" meaning?",
"view_count": 107
}
|
[
{
"body": "I do not have any information about frequency of such usages, but according to\n[Japanese Wordnet](http://compling.hss.ntu.edu.sg/omw/cgi-bin/wn-\ngridx.cgi?usrname=&gridmode=wnja&lang=jpn&lang2=eng&lemma=%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%82%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88)\nit has both meanings as \"gift\" and as \"present time\".\n\nProbably second meaning is less frequently used in everyday speech.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T18:11:48.247",
"id": "61804",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-27T18:11:48.247",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30982",
"parent_id": "61803",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
},
{
"body": "### Japanese プレゼント\n\nLooking at various JA→EN dictionaries, the \"gift\" sense appears to be the only\none in common usage. Links:\n\n * [Eijirō Online](https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%82%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88)\n * [Weblio's copy of Kenkyusha's New J-to-E Dictionary (研究社 新和英中辞典)](https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%82%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88)\n * [Jim Breen's WWWJDIC](http://nihongo.monash.edu/cgi-bin/wwwjdic?1MUJ%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%82%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88)\n\nLooking at monolingual JA↔JA dictionaries appears to corroborate this. Links:\n\n * [Kotobank's copies of Daijisen and Daijirin](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%82%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88-622279)\n\n * [Japanese Wiktionary](https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%82%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88)\n\n### The other English senses\n\n * For \"present time\": 現在【げんざい】, 今【いま】\n * For \"present, in attendance\": 出席【しゅっせき】 (when describing people sitting, as at a meeting or movie or class), いる (when simply stating that someone **is** )",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T18:50:18.433",
"id": "61807",
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"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "61803",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
61803
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61807
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61807
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "61806",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm interested on learning Japanese and I was curious on how this works. I\npicked a japanese manga for curiosity and saw this on a balloom speech.\n\nWhy there is small words on the side of the big ones?\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Hjfyh.png)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T18:16:21.287",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61805",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-27T18:35:41.760",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-27T18:35:41.760",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "31396",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words",
"furigana"
],
"title": "Small Words on the side of Big Words. Is it a manga thing or a japanese thing?",
"view_count": 1527
}
|
[
{
"body": "The small writing is called\n[_furigana_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furigana) in Japanese, and is also\nknown as [_ruby text_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_character) in\nEnglish. These are provided as phonetic guides to show the pronunciations of\nthe bigger characters.\n\n_Furigana_ are written out in [_kana_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kana),\nthe phonetic Japanese [syllabaries](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syllabary)\n(a syllabary is like an alphabet, but each character represents a whole\nsyllable). There are two kinds of _kana_ :\n[_hiragana_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana), used for most native\nterms, and the individual characters tend to be rounder; and\n[_katakana_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana), used for some native\nterms and more for borrowed terms, and the individual characters tend to be\nmore angular. Imagine it as a little like `UPPER CASE` and `lower case` for\nthe Latin alphabet -- two sets of glyphs (characters), where each pair has the\nsame sound value.\n\nThe bigger blocky characters are called\n[_kanji_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanji). Kanji are complicated and take\ntime to learn, much like English spelling rules only more complex. A kanji\ncharacter can also have multiple possible pronunciations, depending on\ncontext, which makes things even more complicated.\n\nSince manga readers are often kids who haven't finished learning all the kanji\nyet, manga publishers often provide _furigana_ so kids can still read the\ntext.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T18:29:38.507",
"id": "61806",
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"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "61805",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
}
] |
61805
|
61806
|
61806
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61816",
"answer_count": 4,
"body": "I am currently studying Japanese grammar through Japanistry's Grammar Guide\n(<https://www.japanistry.com/the-number-system/>)\n\nI've come across a section when it says that a reading changes when two kanji\njoin. For example, the Tsu (つ) character may be used and sometimes a dakuten\n(or handakuten) is added.\n\nYes, there's a chart but it's really confusing for me.\n\nIs there a name for this process? Yes, I know it's almost irrelevant to on and\nkun readings but what is this called? Is there any more resources I can\nresearch that might help me? I want to know more about this. Thank you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T19:16:13.423",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61808",
"last_activity_date": "2023-04-15T02:12:27.860",
"last_edit_date": "2023-04-15T02:12:27.860",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "30147",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"readings",
"rendaku",
"gemination"
],
"title": "Bridging tsu (\"つ\") when joining two kanji",
"view_count": 1153
}
|
[
{
"body": "I believe the name for this process is _rendaku_.\n\nMore here: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rendaku>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T20:09:22.673",
"id": "61809",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-27T20:09:22.673",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "16159",
"parent_id": "61808",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "You're describing what's known as _sandhi_ , specifically _rendaku_ and\n_gemination_. It happens a bunch in Japanese, but the rules are notoriously\ncomplex. For example it's unclear to me why 学祭{がくさい} couldn't be がっさい.\n\nYou can read about it some more\n[here](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_phonology#Sandhi_2).",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T20:14:05.393",
"id": "61810",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-27T20:14:05.393",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10045",
"parent_id": "61808",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "There's a page here on the 9 different changes that can occur in Japanese when\nwords or syllables are joined. <https://jn1et.com/hennonngennshou/>\n\nThe insertion of a つ is 促音化 sokuonka (gemination in English).\n\nThe general rules are relatively straightforward for most two on-yomi\ncompounds.\n\n 1. First character reading ends in tsu followed by k, s or t -> tsu changes to sokuon (発射 hatsu+sha = hassha)\n 2. First character reading ends in ku followed by k -> ku changes to sokuon (国歌 koku + ka = kokka)\n 3. First character reading ends in tsu followed by h -> tsu changes to sokuon, h changes to p (出版 shutsu + han = shuppan)\n 4. First character reading ends in n followed by h -> h changes to p (新品 shin+hin= shinpin)\n\nIn words of three or more characters, the gemination can be optional for the\nthird character. It is more likely if the three characters are thought of as\none word, rather than as word+suffix. E.g. sentaku (washing) + ki (machine) ->\nboth sentakki and sentakuki are allowed\n\nRendaku, which is specifically the voicing of consonants in compounds, is not\ncommon for on-yomic compounds, but can happen. E.g. 融通 is yuuzuu, which has\nrendaku changing the reading of 通 tsuu to zuu.\n\nKun-yomi, numbers and some other compounds can be less regular, although there\nare general rules. And there are, as always, exceptions to the above.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-28T11:13:48.513",
"id": "61816",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-28T11:25:58.713",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-28T11:25:58.713",
"last_editor_user_id": "26175",
"owner_user_id": "26175",
"parent_id": "61808",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "It is called 音便 (onbin). \n[https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/音便](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E4%BE%BF)\n\nBut this is not something that beginners should worry about. \nInstead of trying to guess the pronunciation of words, you should just consult\nthe dictionary.\n\nFor example 学校 is listed in the dictionary: \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/学校/#je-12764](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1/#je-12764) \nSo you can see that 学校 is pronounced がっこう.\n\nThere are many words out there whose pronunciations (and meanings) can be\nquite unexpected, so it is not a good idea to try to guess. \nIt is much better and simpler to just consult the dictionary.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T07:04:34.813",
"id": "61844",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-29T07:04:34.813",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61808",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
61808
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61816
|
61816
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61812",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> このうち、イギリスの新聞「デイリー・ミラー」は「マフィア **に間違われる**\n> として、スター選手たちのタトゥーに警告」という見出しで伝えています。([source](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20180925/k10011643191000.html?utm_int=news_contents_netnewsup_002))\n>\n> 彼は背が高いのでしばしば大人 **と間違われる** ([EJJE\n> weblio](https://ejje.weblio.jp/sentence/content/%E9%96%93%E9%81%95%E3%82%8F%E3%82%8C%E3%82%8B))。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T20:22:53.330",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61811",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-27T22:01:33.687",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25980",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What is the difference between に and と with 間違われる?",
"view_count": 116
}
|
[
{
"body": "There is no difference, both are acceptable. \nExample: \n僕は叔父に間違えられた \nI was mistaken for my uncle. \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/間違う/#je-71688](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E9%96%93%E9%81%95%E3%81%86/#je-71688)\n\nAlthough に is ambiguous. \nマフィアに間違われる can be interpreted either as \"to be mistaken as a mafia\" or \"to be\nmistaken by the mafia\".",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-27T22:01:33.687",
"id": "61812",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-27T22:01:33.687",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61811",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
61811
|
61812
|
61812
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "My impression when using conditionals, most of the time, you lose the ability\nto express desire. For example, when conjugating to -たら、you have to use the\npast tense of the verb. Is it grammatically correct to use もし or ば form to\nconvey desire in conditional?\n\n> **もし** 公園に行きたいんですが、電話して下さい。\n\nor\n\n> 公園に行きた **ければ** 、電話して下さい。",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-28T01:01:35.080",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61813",
"last_activity_date": "2021-09-14T03:08:40.137",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-17T21:15:07.863",
"last_editor_user_id": "32952",
"owner_user_id": "30784",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"conditionals"
],
"title": "Is it grammatically correct to use もし and/or 〜ば form along with the 〜たい form to convey desire in a conditional clause?",
"view_count": 956
}
|
[
{
"body": "行きたければ is not past tense. It comes directly form 行きたい.\n\niku (行く) to go \niki-masu (行きます) to go \niki-tai (行きたい) want to go \niki-takereba (行きたければ) if you want to go\n\n行きたい comes from 行きます by replacing \"masu\" with \"tai\". \n行きたければ comes from 行きたい by replacing \"i\" with \"kereba\".\n\nYou can use もし to reinforce the conditional. The use of もし in this case is\noptional.\n\nもし行きたければ \nIf you want to go.\n\nThere are other ways to express conditionals. \nFor example you can use なら:\n\nもし公園に行きたいなら、電話して下さい。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T05:39:00.700",
"id": "61841",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-29T05:39:00.700",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61813",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "Yes, it's grammatically correct to use もし and/or 〜ば form along with the 〜たい\nform to convey desire in a conditional clause.\n\nBut が in もし公園に行きたいんですが、電話して下さい。 is wrong.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2021-09-14T03:08:40.137",
"id": "90322",
"last_activity_date": "2021-09-14T03:08:40.137",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "61813",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61813
| null |
61841
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61833",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What does としたほか mean in this context?\n\n> また、農産品については、ＴＰＰ＝環太平洋パートナーシップ協定など、過去の協定の水準を上回る関税の引き下げは行わないという日本の立場をアメリカが\n> **尊重するとしたほか** 、交渉中はアメリカによる自動車への追加関税の発動を回避することを確認したと述べました。",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-28T01:40:58.250",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61814",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-29T02:10:37.047",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-29T02:10:37.047",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "31400",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation"
],
"title": "What does としたほか mean in this context?",
"view_count": 257
}
|
[
{
"body": "You'll have to divide `としたほか` into two parts.\n\nまた、農産品については、ＴＰＰ＝環太平洋パートナーシップ協定など、過去の協定の水準を上回る関税の引き下げは行わないという日本の立場をアメリカが`尊重するとした`\n**ほか** 、交渉中はアメリカによる自動車への追加関税の発動を回避することを確認したと述べました。\n\nYou should read the `とした` part with `尊重する`, which gives you `尊重するとした`. It\nmeans `Someone decided to respect ...` And `とした`here equals to `decided to...`\n\nOn the other hand, `ほか` means `besides/In addition to..`\n\nTherefore, `尊重するとしたほか` means `In addition to the fact that they decided to\nrespect ...`",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T01:40:58.740",
"id": "61833",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-29T01:40:58.740",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20104",
"parent_id": "61814",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61814
|
61833
|
61833
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61820",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> 彼女の細い指先を、舌がぬらりと踊ると、明かりに反射した光がうっすらと手に貼りついた。\n>\n> Once her tongue slid around in a dance, she gently stuck the the \"明かりに反射した光\"\n> (spit?) onto her hand using her slim fingers.\n\n(normally there isn't anything that hard to read in a H-scene, but if you\nhavn't realized the context is a BJ, with the speaker asking her to used her\nhands along with her mouth with spit as lubricant :X)\n\n * can 明かりに be an adverb, as if 明かり is a na-adj? Is 明かりに反射した光 gibberish regardless?\n\n * Is the meaning between 指先を光が手に貼りついた and 指先が光を手に貼りついた interchangeable?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-28T06:05:16.440",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61815",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-29T06:21:10.047",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-28T06:13:10.767",
"last_editor_user_id": "22187",
"owner_user_id": "22187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"parsing"
],
"title": "To what extent can a noun be used as an adverb?",
"view_count": 134
}
|
[
{
"body": "明かりに is not an adverb. 明かりに反射した光 means the light that is reflected from the\n(surrounding) illumination.\n\nit's not 指先を光が手に貼りついた, it's 彼女の細い指先を舌がぬらりと踊る or her tongue danced on her\nfingers.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-28T16:20:57.777",
"id": "61820",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-28T16:20:57.777",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31405",
"parent_id": "61815",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "明かりに is not an adverb.\n\n反射する means \"to be reflected\"\n\nExample \n声が山に反射する。 \nThe voice is reflected by the mountain. \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/181252/meaning/m0u/反射/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/181252/meaning/m0u/%E5%8F%8D%E5%B0%84/)\n\nSo the translation becomes: \n明かりに反射した光 \nThe light that was reflected by the lamp.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T06:21:10.047",
"id": "61843",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-29T06:21:10.047",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61815",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
61815
|
61820
|
61820
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61838",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Consider the following example sentences from 新完全文法マスター N1 and N2\nrespectively:\n\n> **Sentence A**\n>\n> その仕事は川田さんならやれる。川田さんに頼めばきっとやってくれるだろう。\n>\n> **Sentence B**\n>\n> 道に迷ってしまった。通りかかったおばあさんに道を聞いたら、親切に教えてくれた。\n\nIn both of these examples, there is the same pattern:\n\n 1. I/You ask a person for a favor.\n 2. A conditional conjugation (ば・たら)\n 3. The person does the favor to me/you.\n\nAs a concrete example, let's map the pattern to the sentences:\n\n> **Sentence A**\n>\n> 川田さんに頼めばきっとやってくれるだろう。\n>\n> ...\n>\n> 川田さんに頼めば\n>\n> * You ask Kawada for a favor. (Subject = You)\n>\n> * A conditional conjugation (ば)\n>\n>\n\n>\n> きっとやってくれるだろう\n>\n> * Kawada does the favor to you. (Subject = Kawada)\n>\n\n>\n> **Sentence B**\n>\n> 通りかかったおばあさんに道を聞いたら、親切に教えてくれた。\n>\n> ...\n>\n> 通りかかったおばあさんに道を聞いたら、\n>\n> * I ask the old woman for a favor. (Subject = Me)\n>\n> * A conditional conjugation (たら)\n>\n>\n\n>\n> 親切に教えてくれた。\n>\n> * The old woman does the favor to me. (Subject = Old woman)\n>\n\nIf we consider the composition of sentences like these, the following question\narises: Should the second part of the sentence have the same subject as the\nfirst part, or not?\n\nThe sentences might be possible to write without changing the verb subject if\nもらう was used instead of くれる in the second part. However, in both of these\nexamples, くれる was used, and the subject changed between the two parts.\n\n**My question is** : Is the 3-step pattern mentioned above a useful indicator\nthat the sentence will change verb subject (and therefore should use くれる\nrather than もらう)?\n\n**Alternatively** , is there another explanation for why the subject should\nchange, or why くれる is chosen instead of もらう in these cases?\n\n...\n\nAt minimum, it seems like the 3-step pattern is not bulletproof. For example,\n\"A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar\" has the following example sentence in\nit:\n\n> これは松本先生に聞けば分かります。\n>\n> You'll understand it if you ask Professor Matsumoto.\n\nIn this counter-example, the subject of _both_ verbs in the sentence is \"you\",\nsince \"you\" understand after \"you\" ask.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-28T11:27:01.343",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61817",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"giving-and-receiving"
],
"title": "Changing verb subject after a favor - Is this a reliable pattern?",
"view_count": 254
}
|
[
{
"body": "If you use もらう, you have to conjugate it into もらえる and get rid of\nvolitionality. So, using くれる can make it simpler. (If the sentence B was not\n道を聞いたら but 道を聞いて, you could use もらった as it is, though it would change the\nnuance a bit.)\n\nMoreover, sentence A is more consistent with Kawata as the subject because it\nfollows a sentence with Kawata as the subject as well, apart from the sub\nclause.\n\nEdit: As for your additional question, when Aたら Bした pattern is used for simple\ntemporal sequence (not imaginary conditional or habitual past), you can't use\nan action that's under control of your own for B. In this regard, もらえた is fine\nbecause being able to do something is not done at your will. 道を聞いて教えてもらった is\n\"I asked someone about the way and had him/her tell me\".\n\n川田さんに頼めば教えてもらう means that entrusting kawata is a trigger to motivate you to\nget information. On the other hand, …頼めば教えてもらえる means that it's a trigger to\nenables you to get information.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-28T16:24:57.713",
"id": "61821",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-29T04:57:29.653",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-29T04:57:29.653",
"last_editor_user_id": "4092",
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "61817",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "Inspired by user4092's comment, I did more research, and I think I understood\nwhat's going on here. I'll write my theory for others to judge.\n\nIt's important to understand one difference between くれる and もらう:\n\n * くれる is like \" **somebody does something** \".\n\n * もらう is like \" **have somebody do something** \".\n\nLet's apply this interpretation of くれる・もらう to the example sentences:\n\n> **Sentence A**\n>\n> 川田さんに頼めばきっとやってくれるだろう。\n>\n> If (you) entrust Kawada, he will certainly do it for you.\n>\n> **Sentence B**\n>\n> おばあさんに道を聞いたら、親切に教えてくれた。\n>\n> After asking the old woman, she kindly taught me.\n\nViewed from these translations, the sentences make perfect sense.\n\nNow, let's see what happens if we avoid changing the subject by using もらう\ninstead.\n\n> **Sentence A**\n>\n> **×** 川田さんに頼めばきっとやってもらうだろう。\n>\n> **×** If (you) entrust Kawada, you will have him certainly do it.\n>\n> **Sentence B**\n>\n> **×** おばあさんに道を聞いたら、親切に教えてもらった。\n>\n> **×** After asking the old woman, I had her kindly teach me.\n\nEven if we ignore the awkwardness of quasi-literal translation, isn't it clear\nthat there's something weird about this phrasing?\n\n * If you've already entrusted Kawada, why \"have him\" do it? You already entrusted him!\n * If you've already asked the old woman, why \"have her\" teach you? You already asked her!\n\nBased on this interpretation, the awkwardness of もらう is clear: It sounds\nredundant.\n\nNow, to answer my original questions:\n\n> Is the 3-step pattern mentioned above a useful indicator that the sentence\n> will change verb subject (and therefore should use くれる rather than もらう)?\n>\n> Alternatively, is there another explanation for why the subject should\n> change, or why くれる is chosen instead of もらう in these cases?\n\nYes, seen from the perspective of くれる and もらう, this type of sentence will\nlikely change subject. **The very purpose of this sentence structure is to say\nwhat _somebody_ does after _you_ ask them to do something, so the subject\nnaturally changes**. If you don't change the subject by using もらう, then you\nend up with the redundant-sounding sentences shown above.\n\nMaybe this answer will look like over-thinking to others... but for some\nreason, this was hard for me to wrap my head around. I hope this can help\nsomebody else avoid the same confusion.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T02:40:51.327",
"id": "61838",
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"score": 3
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "61822",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was watching the anime K-On and came across this sentence:\n\nえっと家具売り場は… <https://instaud.io/_/2JFq.mp3>\n\nThey were at a big store, wanted to buy a shelf and were looking for where\nthey sell furniture.\n\nNow my pitch accent dictionary says 売り場 is 平板:\n\nうりば【LHH】\n\nBut I'm hearing this as:\n\nかぐうりば 【HLHLL】\n\nI would like to know if I'm hearing it correctly.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-28T15:18:12.427",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61819",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-28T16:30:59.540",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12121",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"pitch-accent"
],
"title": "Am I hearing the pitch accent of \"家具売り場\" correctly?",
"view_count": 117
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's pronounced as かぐうりば{LHHLL}, which is one word with the third mora to be\naccented.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-28T16:30:59.540",
"id": "61822",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"score": 4
}
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61819
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> どんな 顔するだろうな\n\nDoes the speaker say \"I wonder what kind of face he would make\" or \"how do you\nthink he'll react?\"\n\nWhich translation is more accurate? Is he saying this in wonderment or is he\nlooking forward to it, asking someone?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-28T16:39:25.160",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61823",
"last_activity_date": "2023-05-18T22:01:30.203",
"last_edit_date": "2021-12-04T04:20:26.270",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "29922",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"nuances"
],
"title": "するだろうな Will or Would?",
"view_count": 324
}
|
[
{
"body": "Basically, both of the translations could be correct.\n\nIf you have a conversation like\n\n\"I'm getting him a present, I wonder what his reaction would be after he sees\nit\"\n\n> 彼にプレゼント贈るんだ、彼はどんな顔するだろうな\n\nIn this situation, the speaker is looking forward to his reaction after he\nsees the present.\n\nOr it could also be\n\n\"I burned his house by accident... I wonder what kind of face he would\nmake...\"\n\n> 彼の家を燃やしちゃった、彼はどんな顔するだろうな\n\nIn this situation, the speaker is saying this in wonderment, also the speaker\nhas an expectation of his reaction already.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T01:29:59.647",
"id": "61831",
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"last_edit_date": "2021-12-04T04:22:54.893",
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"score": 1
}
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61823
| null |
61831
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61827",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> 驚くことはないよ、私なんか彼女が理解できたためしはない。\n\nWhat i understand is : \"It is not surprising! I, somehow, am unable to\nunderstand her\" ?\n\nThe only 2 \"ためし\" i found are : 試し. trial; test and 例. precedent; example But\ni can't see what it would mean..\n\nThanks everyone !",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-28T16:46:53.957",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61824",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-30T12:33:26.223",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-30T12:33:26.223",
"last_editor_user_id": "29927",
"owner_user_id": "29927",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Meaning of \"ためし\" in this sentence",
"view_count": 280
}
|
[
{
"body": "There's another ためし that fits here. Etymology from Shogakukan's 国語大辞典:\n\n> ためし【例・様】 \n> （「た」は「手」で手本、「めし」は見せるものの意という）\n\nDefinitions and pitch accent from Daijirin:\n\n> ためし [3] 【例・様】 \n> （１）それより以前に実際にあった事柄。れい。先例。前例。「そのような―はない」 \n> （２）手本となること。また，故事。「老たる馬ぞ道はしる，と云―あり/平家 9」\n\nThis has the same pitch accent as 試し, so verbally and in kana, you'll just\nhave to know both terms and figure it out from context.\n\nSince ためし in the sample sentence would mean \"past instance of something\", and\nsince there aren't any past instances of 理解できた, a better translation might be:\n\n> That is not surprising. I ~~do not always understand~~ **have never\n> understood** her myself.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-28T23:12:41.763",
"id": "61827",
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{
"body": "According to the dictionary, ためし can be translated as \"example\", \"precedent\",\n\"case\"\n\nExamples: \n女性がそのような場所に行ったためしがあるだろうか \nHas a woman ever visited such a place?\n\n彼は競走に勝ったためしがない \nHe has never once won a race.\n\nけんかで勝ったためしがない \nI have never won a fight.\n\nSo the translation becomes: \n私なんか彼女が理解できたためしはない。 \nShe has never understood me.\n\nためし【例／様】: 前にすでにあったこと。先例。前例。 \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/例/#je-46730](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E4%BE%8B/#je-46730) \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/139035/meaning/m1u/例/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/139035/meaning/m1u/%E4%BE%8B/)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T02:41:13.283",
"id": "61839",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "18157",
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"score": 0
}
] |
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "61826",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> さあ次もビーチバレーという名のウォッチング[に]勤しむぜ！- Ok, next, lets endeavor to watch beach\n> volleyball !\n>\n> それにしても、人間世界はじつに物[に]あふれておるな。- That being said, the world of humans is\n> actually overflowing with things (this one in particular に over が just feels\n> strange)\n>\n>\n> [私は他動詞の使い方[を]本から教わった](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/329/passive-\n> transitive-verb-vs-intransitive-\n> verb-%e4%bb%96%e5%8b%95%e8%a9%9e%e3%81%ae%e5%8f%97%e3%81%91%e8%ba%ab-\n> vs-%e8%87%aa%e5%8b%95%e8%a9%9e?noredirect=1&lq=1)- I learned about\n> transitive verbs from a book\n>\n> 我が豪腕[に]奪えぬ物は無し！ - There's nothing my strong arm can't steal! (transitive\n> verb for this one)\n\nWhile trying to do some research I found the 3rd* sentence which feels like\nit's a similar use case but with を instead.\n\nIf I were forced to produce Japanese from the above English sentences, I would\ndefault to [が] in all of those brackets if I used that sentence structure. At\nthe same time I feel like I can only interpret those sentences as if [が] were\nin the [] instead of [を/に]. At a glance it doesn't seem grammatically\nincorrect, but I don't know what meaning I am sacrificing by doing so.\n\nYet at the same time for something like this\n\n> だから、もっと素直に私[に]甘えて…… - listen, be honest more honest and depend on me\n\nIn this case [が] would feel strange to me but there doesn't seem to be\nanything fundamentally different between 私[に]甘えて and ウォッチング[に]勤しむ / 物[に]あふれて\n\n* * *\n\nI have read [Difference between に and が for intransitive\nverbs](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/5472/difference-\nbetween-%e3%81%ab-and-%e3%81%8c-for-intransitive-verbs?rq=1), but i don't\nthink my issues boil down to false” transitive-intransitive pairs.\n\nI would appreciate any clarification, thank you.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-28T21:10:52.683",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61825",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-29T02:32:42.577",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-28T23:37:39.040",
"last_editor_user_id": "22187",
"owner_user_id": "22187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-に",
"particle-が",
"particle-を",
"transitivity"
],
"title": "Distinction of using を/に instead of が",
"view_count": 331
}
|
[
{
"body": "Each instance appears to come down to the particulars of each verb, so let's\nlook at those in turn.\n\n### 勤【いそ】しむ\n\n * To work towards something, to endeavor to do something, to make oneself busy at something\n\nThis is listed as a 自動詞 in dictionaries. As such, whatever is marked as が for\nthis verb would be the grammatical subject -- the agent performing the action\nof the verb. Since ウォッチング **[が]【●】** 勤しむ would mean that the _watching_ was\n_endeavoring_ , and since that doesn't make any sense, we know that we can't\nuse the が here.\n\nAs for why to use に instead, it might be helpful to think of the action of the\nverb from an English perspective: one _endeavors **to** do something_, or\n_works **toward** something_, etc. In a similar way, 勤しむ describes an action\n_towards_ a particular goal, so the goal takes the particle に in much the same\nway as a destination takes に with the verb 行【い】く.\n\n### 溢【あふ】れる\n\n * To overflow, to be full of\n\nMuch as with the English verb _overflow_ , the Japanese verb 溢【あふ】れる can\ndescribe **either** the action of a thing, or the state of another thing that\ncontains the first thing.\n\nFor instance, we can say that _water **overflows** from a cup_. Since we are\nusing the verb to describe the water, we use が after the 水【みず】:\n\n * カップから水 **[が]【●】** 溢れる\n\nAlternatively, we can say that _the cup **overflows** with water_. In this\ncase, we are using the verb to describe the cup, so we use が after the カップ.\nMoreover, the water is _causing_ the cup to overflow, so we use に after the\n水【みず】 to mark that cause, similar to passive verbs where に is used to indicate\nthe causal agent:\n\n * カップ **[が]【●】** 水 **[に]【●】** 溢れる\n\n### 教【おそ】わる\n\n * To be taught something, to learn something\n\nEtymologically, this verb could be viewed as the passive form of 教【おし】える, _to\nteach something_ → _to be taught something_ , and thus by extension, _to learn\nsomething_. That said, it is still a 他動詞, and thus it can take an object\nmarked with を.\n\nIf we were to say 使い方 **[が]【●】** 教わった, it would mean that the _way of using\nsomething_ had _been taught_ or _learned_ something. This again doesn't make\nany sense -- what we want to say instead is that _**I** learned how to use\nsomething_. Much as in this English sentence, the _I_ is the subject, and the\n_how to use something_ is the object -- so in Japanese, we mark the subject\nwith が (or optionally は, depending on context, etc.) and we mark the direct\nobject with を:\n\n * 私 **[が]【●】** 使い方 **[を]【●】** 教わった\n\n### 奪【うば】える\n\n * To be able to be stolen or taken by force\n\nThis is a potential verb, and these work differently. They essentially\ndescribe a quality of a thing as _being`[VERB]`-able_. 分かる functions in a\nsimilar way -- it describes something as _being understandable_ , which is why\nwe say 何々 **[が]【●】** 分かる, marking the thing as the subject in Japanese. This\nconstruction is puzzling when translated, as English uses transitive verbs in\nthese cases, much like _understand_ or _like_.\n\nYour sample sentence describes the 物 as 奪えぬ or _being unstealable_. In\nEnglish, if we called something _unstealable_ and wanted to explain that in\nrelation to who might try to steal it, we would say it is _unstealable **by**\nsomeone_. In Japanese, we again use に to mark the agent, similar to 溢れる above\nand similar to passive constructions. If we marked the 腕 with が, we would\ninstead be saying that the 腕 themselves are _unstealable_ -- which might still\nbe the case, but it sounds a little funny and it definitely changes the\nmeaning. :)",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-28T23:00:41.313",
"id": "61826",
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},
{
"body": "In order to know which particle to use, you have to consult the dictionary. \nDifferent words will require different particles.\n\nAccording to the dictionary, を indicates what you learn. \nに indicates who teaches you. \nAnd since 教わる means 教えてもらう, the speaker is automatically the subject.\n\nExamples: \n水泳を教わった \nI learned [was taught] how to swim.\n\n算数は上田先生に教わった \nMr. Ueda taught me arithmetic.\n\nおそわる【教わる】教えを受ける。教えてもらう。 \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/教わる/#je-8504](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E6%95%99%E3%82%8F%E3%82%8B/#je-8504) \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/31383/meaning/m0u/おそわる/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/31383/meaning/m0u/%E3%81%8A%E3%81%9D%E3%82%8F%E3%82%8B/) \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/31383/example/m0u/おそわる/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/31383/example/m0u/%E3%81%8A%E3%81%9D%E3%82%8F%E3%82%8B/)",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-09-29T02:32:42.577",
"id": "61836",
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61825
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|
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|
{
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"body": "I saw the meaning of the words individually, but when I've tried to join them\nit doesn't make sense. \n何者 = who; what kind of person \nなくなった= lost",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T00:49:40.697",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61829",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-29T09:25:59.840",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-29T02:04:17.457",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "27375",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"anime"
],
"title": "How is 「何者でもなくなった」 translated?",
"view_count": 177
}
|
[
{
"body": "Sicne「何者でもなくなった」is the past tense of「何者でもない」\n\nAnd 「何者でもない」 means \"I'm nobody\"\n\n「何者でもなくなった」should have the meaning \"I was nobody\"",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T01:13:51.377",
"id": "61830",
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{
"body": "何者 can also be translated as \"nobody\".\n\nExamples: \n何者も太刀打ちできない。 \nNo one can compete.\n\n当時その部屋には何者もいなかった \nNo one [Nobody] was in the room at the time.\n\nなにもの【何者】 : あらゆる人。いかなる人。何人 (なにびと) 。 \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/何者/#je-56443](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E4%BD%95%E8%80%85/#je-56443) \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/164576/meaning/m0u/何者/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/164576/meaning/m0u/%E4%BD%95%E8%80%85/)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T01:45:01.210",
"id": "61834",
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},
{
"body": "* **何者** : \"who\", \"what kind of person\"\n * **で** : \"to be\", the te-form of the the copula だ\n * **も** : (Used between an interrogative and a negative expression, and adds a meaning of \"(not) any\" or \"(not) at all\". For example 何もない means \"there is not anything.\")\n * **なく** : \"not\", the continuative form of ない\n * **なった** : \"resulted in\", the past tense of なる meaning \"to result in\", \"to became\"\n\nSo the literal translation is \"I (or she/you/etc) resulted in not being any\nkind of person\". More naturally, \"I ended up being nobody\" or \"I became\nnobody.\" While なくなる can mean \"to be missing\", this meaning is not relevant.\n\nContext is missing, but this kind of phrase is usually used when someone was\nonce famous/popular/important but became forgotten/isolated/retired.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T07:49:06.977",
"id": "61846",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-09-29T09:25:59.840",
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"parent_id": "61829",
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"score": 2
}
] |
61829
| null |
61846
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "In academic fields, particularly in science, practitioners are often careful\nto to say _they have confidence in_ something rather than saying _they believe\nin_ it. Example: \"I am confident the theory of evolution\" instead of \"I\nbelieve in they theory of evolution\". This distinction is important, because\n_having confidence_ imputes having a body of evidence that leads the speaker\nto find the idea probable; _belief_ implies having faith, which requires no\nsuch evidence, and no empirical means to estimate how likely the idea is or\nnot.\n\nIn Japanese, it seems that 確信する is the closest means of communicating \"to have\nconfidence in\". But this phrasing uses 信, which means _faith_ or _belief_ ,\nand has strong (?) religious connotations. Canvassing Japanese L1 speakers\nI've found no way to avoid using 信 and no way to avoid communicating some\ndegree of (blind) faith.\n\nSo my question is: **Is this (pedantic) degree of precision possible in\nJapanese?** Is anyone aware of examples where this distinction is made?\n\nCorollary: Am I mistaken in associating 確信する with 信じる?",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T01:40:11.130",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61832",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-29T10:46:15.460",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "22186",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words",
"word-requests"
],
"title": "Is it possible to \"be confident in\" without using 信 and implying having \"faith\"?",
"view_count": 180
}
|
[
{
"body": "The following words are heavily used in non-religious contexts and so do not\nhave necessarily a religious connotation. \n確信 \n信用 \n信頼 \n自信\n\nBut it is also possible to be more objective and instead of saying what you\nbelieve or don't believe, make statements directly about the subject. For\nexample instead of saying: \n\"I believe in the theory of evolution\". \nyou could say: \n\"The theory of evolution is widely recognized by scientists\"\n\nIn this way you can be more dispassionate and objective by avoiding making\nstatements about yourself and talking directly about the subject.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T02:21:44.307",
"id": "61835",
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"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61832",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "If you want to get rid of the factor of faith, you can say (theory)を\n有力{ゆうりょく}（だ）と 考えて/みなして いる.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T05:41:26.357",
"id": "61842",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-29T05:41:26.357",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "61832",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
},
{
"body": "So you are worrying just because there is 信 in it? 確信 and many other compounds\nusing 信 (信頼, 与信, 信用, ...) have no religious implications, and they are usabe\nin wide range of scientific contexts related to reliability, credit, trust,\nconfidence, etc. It's not about blindly believing in something. For example\n\"95% confidence interval\" is 95%信頼区間 in Japanese. (As an aside, 信 also means\n_signal_ and _message_.)\n\nThat said, 確信している is a strong yet subjective statement that means you have\nalmost 100% confidence based on the (scientific) knowledge you already have.\nIf you used it in a serious academic manuscript, it can look fairly\nsubjective. Normally, you should say 可能性が高いと考えている or something similar at\nmost, no matter how confident you are.\n\nOutside manuscripts, when you think you have enough supporting facts, you can\nsafely say something like 無人自動車運転は10年後には普及していると確信している in interviews, lectures,\netc.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T09:45:38.310",
"id": "61848",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-29T10:46:15.460",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-29T10:46:15.460",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61832",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
61832
| null |
61848
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Pronunciation of [ə] is notoriously difficult for Japanese speakers, and while\ntrying to communicate its importance in languages such as English and French,\nI started to wonder: **do any dialects of Japanese employ the schwa, or some\napproximation of it?**",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T02:39:32.793",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61837",
"last_activity_date": "2020-12-05T04:13:34.823",
"last_edit_date": "2020-12-05T04:13:34.823",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "22186",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"pronunciation",
"dialects",
"phonology",
"vowels"
],
"title": "Does any Japanese dialect use the schwa?",
"view_count": 921
}
|
[
{
"body": "There is a dialect of Ryūkyūan employing [ə]:\n\n“The Yaeyama Taketomi-jima dialect has a six-vowel system: _a, ə, i, u, o, e._\n<…> __ə_ is a vowel found only in the Taketom-jima dialect…_ ”\n\n(Handbook of the Ryukyuan Languages)\n\nThis implies also the fact that [ə] is notoriously rare even for Ryūkyūan.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-01T16:35:41.723",
"id": "61904",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-01T16:35:41.723",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27977",
"parent_id": "61837",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
61837
| null |
61904
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "On Wikipedia's page for Logophoricity, there is [an example of that concept in\nJapanese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logophoricity#Japanese).\n\nOn this Wikipedia page, sentences from Susumu Kuno's 1972 journal article\n_Pronominalization, Reflexivization, and Direct Discourse_ are used as\nexamples of when 自分 can and cannot be used.\n\nKuno's examples are as follows, copied verbatim from Wikipedia in full\nromanized glory:\n\n```\n\n 11) a. Johni wa, Mary ga zibuni ni ai ni kuru hi wa, sowasowa site-iru yo.\n meet to come days excited is\n 'John is excited on days when Mary comes to see him.'\n b. *Johni wa, Mary ga zibuni o miru toki wa, itu mo kaoiro ga warui soo da.\n self see when always complexion bad I hear.\n 'I hear that John looks pale whenever Mary sees him.'\n (Kuno 1972: 182 (93))\n \n```\n\nThe Wikipedia page notes the following about these sentences:\n\n> The sentence in 11) a. is considered grammatical because the individual\n> being discussed (John) is aware that Mary comes to see him. Conversely,\n> example 11) b. is ungrammatical because it is not possible for John to look\n> pale when he is aware that Mary sees him. As such, John's awareness of the\n> event or state being communicated in the embedded sentence determines\n> whether or not the entire sentences is grammatical.\n\nWell, to be honest, I don't understand the logic of this argument. In\nparticular, I don't understand the following statement:\n\n> it is not possible for John to look pale when he is aware that Mary sees him\n\nWhy is it \"not possible\"? If John is scared of being seen by Mary, isn't that\na normal reaction?\n\nWhat is the logical reason why it's \"not possible\" for John to be pale here?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T03:05:47.613",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61840",
"last_activity_date": "2022-01-28T22:56:52.227",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-29T20:08:44.353",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25859",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"pronouns",
"reflexives"
],
"title": "Understanding Susumu Kuno's example of misuse of 自分",
"view_count": 242
}
|
[
{
"body": "~~Who 自分 indicates depends on whose perspective the part is expressed from.~~\n(Sorry, this is probably wrong.)\n\n~~The sentence b is fine if Mary seeing is depicted in John's perspective and\n**(edit) he knows that he looks pale.** In this case, **he is an informer\nhimself anyway** , if not necessarily the final one. (Now that you mention it,\nit's only practically possible because the sentence structure is hearsay,\nunless you have a perspective like the author of a novel to his character.)~~\n\n~~When it's depicted in someone else's perspective other than John, 自分\nindicates the \"someone else\" (including Mary).~~\n\n~~When John is not aware of it, it's obviously not a depiction in John's\nperspective. So, you can't use 自分 to indicate John.~~\n\n**Revised:** However, you can say ジョンは自分が見られているときは顔色悪い. In this sentence, 自分\ncan be either John or the speaker. Likewise, 自分 as in ジョンはマリーが自分を見るときは顔色が悪いそうだ\ncan be either Mary or the informer.\n\nIn conclusion, the example 11b is not possible unless John himself is the\ninformer. When John is not aware of the situation, he can't be the informer,\nthus, you can't use it.\n\n> it is not possible for John to look pale when he is aware that Mary sees him\n\nI think it's trying to say that John can't see his own face when he sees Mary\nsee him in his perspective.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T02:33:49.923",
"id": "61870",
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"parent_id": "61840",
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"score": 1
}
] |
61840
| null |
61870
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I would like to know if there's any difference between 貝 and 貝殻, and if these\nwords are interchangeable.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T15:11:18.627",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61853",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-29T15:49:48.943",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29677",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "Difference between 貝 and 貝殻",
"view_count": 218
}
|
[
{
"body": "貝 has several meanings but usually it refers to the shellfish as an animal. \n貝殻 means only the shell.\n\nかい【貝】貝殻をもつ軟体動物。ハマグリなどの二枚貝、サザエなどの巻き貝、ツノガイなどの掘足類を主にいう。 \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/35183/meaning/m1u/貝/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/35183/meaning/m1u/%E8%B2%9D/)\n\nかいがら【貝殻】貝の軟体を外側から包む石灰質などからなる硬い物質。 \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/35485/meaning/m1u/貝殻/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/35485/meaning/m1u/%E8%B2%9D%E6%AE%BB/)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T15:49:48.943",
"id": "61854",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-29T15:49:48.943",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61853",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61853
| null |
61854
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I would like to know what's the meaning of 利く with this kanji 利. Could you\nalso give me some examples, please?\n\nI've searched in kotobank for a difference between 効く (to have effect) and 利く,\nbut I haven't found any.\n\nThe only example I have found with 利く is the expression (気が利く), but I don't\nknow in which kind of situations 気が利く is used.\n\nThank you!",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T16:15:56.157",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61855",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-30T01:51:07.513",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-29T18:33:10.493",
"last_editor_user_id": "29677",
"owner_user_id": "29677",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"words",
"verbs"
],
"title": "Meaning of 利く and examples",
"view_count": 351
}
|
[
{
"body": "According to the dictionary, in most cases 利く and 効く are interchangeable. \n<https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/51101/meaning/m0u/>\n\nBut 利く should be used when it means the following 2 cases:\n\n 1. 本来の機能を十分に発揮する。機敏に、また、さかんに活動する。 \nThe original function works fully, efficiently or actively.\n\nexamples: \n鼻が利く。 \nThe nose is good. (the nose is able to smell perfectly)\n\n麻痺 (まひ) して手足が利かない。 \nDue to numbness, my legs and arms don't move.\n\n 2. それをすることが可能である。できる。 \nTo have the ability to do something.\n\nexamples: \n洗濯の利く生地。 \na washable cloth.\n\n無理の利かないからだ。 \nA body than can't stand too much effort.\n\n学割が利く。 \nStudent's discount can be used.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T01:51:07.513",
"id": "61866",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-30T01:51:07.513",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61855",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61855
| null |
61866
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61859",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "This is a sincere question, I apologize for the lewdeness, though.\n\nI was watching a japanese pornographic film and I stumbled upon this written\nphrase. I wanted to know what it means (I'm also starting to study japanese\n-not related to the porn, lol-). I attach just the sign so you don't have to\nwatch the video:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/tirvV.png)\n\nI am able to read hiragana but I can't discern the kanji.\n\nThanks in advance and again I apologize.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T20:48:10.553",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61857",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-30T14:10:44.447",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-29T22:28:17.180",
"last_editor_user_id": "25875",
"owner_user_id": "31415",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "What's the meaning of these kanji in this image still?",
"view_count": 256
}
|
[
{
"body": "溜まってるの？ ＝ たまっていますか。\n\nDo you have a lot of ... stored up?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T21:31:14.270",
"id": "61859",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-30T14:10:44.447",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-30T14:10:44.447",
"last_editor_user_id": "25875",
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"parent_id": "61857",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "It is 溜まる(たまる): collect, accumulate \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/溜まる/#je-46705](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E6%BA%9C%E3%81%BE%E3%82%8B/#je-46705) \n<https://kakijun.jp/page/ryuu13200.html>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T11:59:28.063",
"id": "61878",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-30T11:59:28.063",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "18157",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
61857
|
61859
|
61859
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Of course it is common to attach そうだ to na-adjectives or i-adjectives （高そうな車,\n元気そうな人 etc), but it doesn't seem to be the case for kango words which can\noperate as either nouns or adjectives.\n\nFor example, it sounds natural (to me) to say 良さそうな車 but it sounds unnatural\n(to me) to say 良質そうな車. I was thinking about describing an oncoming typhoon as\n強烈そうな台風 but again it sounds a little strange to me. Is is simply that it is\nless common to attach そう to kango adjectival nouns, or is it actually\nunnatural to do so?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T21:07:55.047",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61858",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-01T05:01:41.003",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"wago-and-kango"
],
"title": "Can you use そうだ (appear, seem) with kango adjectival nouns?",
"view_count": 183
}
|
[
{
"body": "According to the dictionary, 強烈 is a na-adjective. \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/57214/meaning/m0u/強烈/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/57214/meaning/m0u/%E5%BC%B7%E7%83%88/) \nExamples: \n強烈なパンチ \n強烈な個性 \n強烈なにおい\n\nSo 強烈そうな台風 is correct.\n\nAccording to \"A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar\", page 411: \nNoun or noun+copula (not just 漢語, but any noun) cannot precede そうだ, but the\nnegative non-past of the copula can.\n\nExamples: \nWrong: 加藤さんは先生そうだ。 \nWrong: 加藤さんは先生だそうだ。(this is correct only if そうだ means hearsay) \nCorrect: 加藤さは先生じゃなさそうだ。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T11:50:22.473",
"id": "61877",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-30T11:50:22.473",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61858",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "You seems to have misunderstood the concept of na-adjective. [All na-\nadjectives accept -だ](https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Japanese/Lessons/Na-\nadjectives), so just because you can say 強烈だ does not mean 強烈 also works as a\nsimple noun. A simple noun can take case particles like は/が/を, but you cannot\nsay 強烈がある or 強烈を見る, right?\n\n * 元気: a na-adjective that also works as a standalone noun. \n\n> 元気な人。彼は元気だ。元気 **が** ある。元気 **を** 出す。\n\n * 良質: a na-/no-adjective that can only describe a noun (attributively or predicatively). It very rarely works as a standalone noun. \n\n> 良質なダイヤ。良質のダイヤ。このダイヤは良質だ。(×良質がある。)\n\n * 強烈: a na-adjective that can describe a noun (attributively or predicatively) or a verb or another adjective (adverbially). It cannot work as a standalone noun. \n\n> 強烈な台風。この台風は強烈だ。彼を強烈に殴る。これは強烈に辛い。(×強烈がある。)\n\nSo quite contrary to your statements, 良質 and 強烈 are \"purer\" na-adjectives, and\nyour question seems baseless to me. If a word works as a na-adjective, you can\nattach そうな to it, at least grammatically. But it does not mean `na-adj + そうな`\nmust always make sense. 良質そうな車 and 強烈そうな台風 are unnatural for different\nreasons.\n\n * 良質そうな車 is unnatural because 良質 usually describes natural products like fruit, ore, oil, etc. But you can safely say 高級そうな車 instead although 高級 is a two-kanji kango word.\n * 強烈そうな台風 is almost always unnatural because そう always involves a direct observation, and ordinary people cannot directly observe a typhoon and say \"That typhoon appears to be furious\" before knowing about it on TV or the internet. If you were an astronaut and noticed a large typhoon on the earth, you could safely say 強烈そうな台風が見えます.\n\nAnd statistically speaking, I think そう tends to be used with i-adjectives more\noften, because observable simple concepts are covered by native Japanese\nvocabulary (wago). Kango words are better at describing abstract concepts, but\nthey are unlikely to be used with そう anyway.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-01T04:34:52.480",
"id": "61894",
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"score": 2
}
] |
61858
| null |
61894
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61869",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "According to my dictionary they both mean \"ocean\", but I guess there is a\nreason for both words to exist. Am I right ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T22:55:01.293",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61860",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-08T19:34:21.583",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-08T19:34:21.583",
"last_editor_user_id": "19357",
"owner_user_id": "29500",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words"
],
"title": "What's the difference between 海洋 and 大洋?",
"view_count": 535
}
|
[
{
"body": "They both mean \"ocean\" indeed but because of 大, 大洋 makes a listener think of\nbig vast ocean, whereas 海洋 covers all kinds of seas big and small, such as\n海洋生物 (marine life) or 海洋資源 (marine resources)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T00:39:36.453",
"id": "61865",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-30T00:39:36.453",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3059",
"parent_id": "61860",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "海洋 is simply a technical/scientific version of 海. In scientific contexts, 大洋\nspecifically refers to the five [**global\noceans**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Ocean) on the earth, namely 太平洋\n(The Pacific Ocean), 大西洋 (The Atlantic Ocean), インド洋 (The Indian Ocean), 北極海\n(The Arctic Ocean), and 南極海 (The Southern Ocean). Imagine 大洋 is a oceanic\nversion of 大陸 (continent). See [this Wikipedia\narticle](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B4%8B).\n\nOutside scientific contexts, 大洋 is not a common word. It's possible to use it\nsimply in the sense of \"big ocean\", but I think 大海 is much more commonly used\nfor this purpose.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T02:27:35.837",
"id": "61869",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-30T02:27:35.837",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61860",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
},
{
"body": "Basically agrees with Naruto’s answer. Here is an explanation from\nkotobank.jp:\n\n> 海洋 かいよう ocean\n>\n> 地球表面の陸地以外の水をたたえた凹所で，水は塩分の組成が一定の海水である。海洋の総面積は約 3.6億km²で，陸地の約\n> 2.4倍。海洋は大洋と付属海に分けられる。大洋は面積が広く，独立の海流系をもつ海で，太平洋，大西洋，インド洋の三つに分けることが多い。付属海は大洋の海流の影響を受ける海で，浅くて独立の海流系がない。付属海は地中海と縁海に二分される。\n\nTherefore 海洋 means _ocean_ , as opposed to _land_ , and it includes 大洋\n(Pacific, Atlantic, etc.) and 付属海 (adjacent sea).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-01T00:22:41.913",
"id": "61890",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-01T01:14:46.317",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "31428",
"parent_id": "61860",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61860
|
61869
|
61869
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61872",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "In [this answer](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/61821/25859), user4092\nraised the aspect of _volition_ when using giving-and-receiving verbs. Curious\nto learn more, I did some research and found the following article:\n\n<https://www.imabi.net/tegivingverbs.htm>\n\nIn this blog post, the author states (emphasis mine):\n\n> A huge thing to understand is that **「くれる」is a verb of non-volition**.\n> Although we haven’t studied the following items, for future reference, they\n> must never be used with it: つもりだ, Volitional form, たい. だめですよ！\n>\n> From this it may seem odd that there is a command form of くれる. However,\n> 「A＋くれ」 unlike the command form of a verb of volition like 貸せ, 取れ, etc., it\n> shows not a request for the listener to obey but a request in which the\n> listener will make the decision as to whether to comply or not.\n\nLater on, the author also states (emphasis mine):\n\n> As you should have figured out by now, **もらう, unlike くれる, is a verb of\n> volition**.\n\nI tried looking for more information on this topic, but I couldn't find a\nconclusive answer to back up the statements in this blog post.\n\nI understand that もらう represents the volition of the speaker (who is \"having\"\nsomebody do something), but doesn't くれる also often represent an action that\nsomebody else is doing (\"for you\") of their own will (ie. volition)?\n\nI also don't understand the wand-waving about くれ. How could it _not_ be a\nrequest for the listener to obey? That verb form is literally called 命令形!\n\n...\n\nIn conclusion: Does this blog post correctly describe the volitional/non-\nvolitional nature of these giving-and-receiving verbs? Is it true that くれる is\na verb of non-volition? Is it true that くれ is \"not a request for the listener\nto obey\"?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T23:02:18.023",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61861",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-30T03:33:18.677",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "25859",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"giving-and-receiving"
],
"title": "くれる: A verb of volition?",
"view_count": 234
}
|
[
{
"body": "According to \"A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar\", page 13: \nA volitional sentence is one in which a person expresses his will.\n\nVerbs like もらう and いただく automatically have the speaker (私) as the subject. \nSo when the speaker wants to express his will he can use もらう or いただく.\n\nExample: \n水をいただきたい。 \nI'd like some water.\n\nBut verbs like くれる or くださる, the speaker is automatically the indirect object\n(私に). \nThe subject is always someone other than the speaker.\n\nExample: \n彼は私にプレゼントをくれた。 \nHe gave a present to me.\n\nくれる or くださる are not volitional because there is no way for you to know what\nother people are thinking or wishing. \nYou can express your own wills and wishes but not someone else's.\n\nThe same thing happens with たい. \nたい can only be used when the subject is the speaker. \nFor subjects other than the speaker, you have to replace たい with たがる, because\nthere is no way for you to know what other people are thinking or wishing.\n\n私は水を飲みたい。 \nI want to drink water.\n\nWrong: 彼は水を飲みたい。 \nCorrect: 彼は水を飲みたがる。 \nHe wants to dring water.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T03:07:15.320",
"id": "61871",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-30T03:07:15.320",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61861",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "Yes, くれる is a non-volitional verb. You can judge it from the fact that it\ndoesn't have the potential form too.\n\nAs for the explanation that says \"but a request in which the listener will\nmake the decision as to whether to comply or not\", I'm not really sure if it\nessentially differs from other imperatives besides being indirect.",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T03:33:18.677",
"id": "61872",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-30T03:33:18.677",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "61861",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
61861
|
61872
|
61871
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61863",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> **不安と、病名がちゃんとあったことに少し安心して涙が止まらない**\n> ーーー女性のこの日のツイートにはそう書かれていました。([source](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20180926/k10011645091000.html?utm_int=news_contents_netnewsup_004))\n\nI don't know how to link \"不安と\" to \"病名がちゃんとあったことに少し安心して涙が止まらない\"(which function\nof と is it?)\n\nAnd I don't understand why 少し is used if it makes her cry, it doesn't seem\nlogic since if it is a weak emotion it shouldn't make her cry...? \"I can't\nstop crying because I' m a **little bit** relieved\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-29T23:19:38.940",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61862",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-30T02:20:03.293",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "25980",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-と"
],
"title": "Trouble with \"不安と、病名がちゃんとあったことに少し安心して涙が止まらない\"",
"view_count": 87
}
|
[
{
"body": "と connects 不安 and 病名がちゃんとあったことに少し安心. It is a little off grammatically, but\nthat's not too much of a surprise given that this is a tweet. Perhaps more\nproper way of saying this would be 不安と、病名がちゃんとあったことへの少しの安心とで、涙が止まらない\n\nAs for your question about 少し, if you read it like \"a little bit of relief\"\nresulted in tears streaming, that might come off as odd, but if you think of\nit as \"finally I found that somebody understood this illness\", which is what\nthe name signifies, then hopefully you can understand why it made her cry.\nThat sense of finding an answer gave her comfort.\n\nShe's describing this comfort as \"a little\" because knowing what the problem\nis still just the beginning, not the ending.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T00:33:58.427",
"id": "61863",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-30T00:33:58.427",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3059",
"parent_id": "61862",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "The sentence can be broken down as: \n1. 不安と、 \n2. 病名がちゃんとあったことに少し安心して \n涙が止まらない\n\nThe tears wouldn't stop because \n1. worry (for realizing she had a medical trouble) \n2. relief for knowing exactly what kind of medical condition she had.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T02:20:03.293",
"id": "61868",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-30T02:20:03.293",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61862",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
61862
|
61863
|
61863
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61867",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I found the combination \"もらってもらう\" in a text in 新完全文法N1, page 142:\n\n> 「これ、もらってくれるとありがたいんですけど……。」と言って、わたしによく服を譲ってくれる友人がいる。彼女がもう着ない服だ。自分が要らない服を人に\n> **もらってもらう** のは、意外に難しい。二人がとても親しくて、服の好みが合っている場合に限る。\n\nMy questions are as follows:\n\n * What does this expression mean as a whole?\n * How can you break down the expression to explain its meaning?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T00:34:34.033",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61864",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-30T02:07:20.813",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25859",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"giving-and-receiving"
],
"title": "Meaning of もらってもらう?",
"view_count": 1138
}
|
[
{
"body": "もらう/いただく are usually translated as \"receive\". \nもらう/いただく can also be used as an auxiliary verb when someone does something for\nyou. \nThe subject of the sentence is usually the speaker (私) and can be omitted.\n\nExample:\n\n私は彼に書いてもらう。 \nHe writes for me. \nLiterally: I receive from him the act of writing.\n\nSo in the following sentence, the first もらう means \"receive\". \nBut the second もらう is an auxiliary verb. \n服を人にもらってもらう \nTo have people accept my clothes. \nLiterally: to receive from people the act of receiving my clothes.\n\nMore details can be found in \"A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar\", page\n263.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T02:07:20.813",
"id": "61867",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-30T02:07:20.813",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61864",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
61864
|
61867
|
61867
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61892",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "全て (subete) [is defined as everything; all; the\nwhole](https://jisho.org/word/%E5%85%A8%E3%81%A6)\n\n有らゆる (arayuru) [is defined as all;\nevery](https://jisho.org/word/%E6%9C%89%E3%82%89%E3%82%86%E3%82%8B)\n\n# Example phrases:\n\n**One:**\n\n繰り返しますが、小麦粉、あらゆる肉、魚を含まないものです。\n\nkurikaeshimasu ga, komugi-ko, arayuru niku, sakana o fukumanai mono desu.\n\n(Repeating, NO wheat flour, all the meat and fish, not containing these\nthings.)\n\n**Two:**\n\nその すべて の うた お うたう こと が できます.\n\nSono subete no uta o utau koto ga dekimasu.\n\n(I can sing the name of all 40 Sentai teams.)\n\n* * *\n\nWhy does one use 全て (subete) and the other 有らゆる (arayuru)? Are they\ninterchangeable?\n\n* * *\n\n_Please note: I am more concerned with the meaning and I am still learning\nKana, so the Kana I have used might not be 100% correct._",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T11:19:42.840",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61875",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-01T04:19:55.180",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-01T04:19:55.180",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9537",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"word-choice"
],
"title": "In Japanese, what's the difference between 全て (subete) and 有らゆる (arayuru)",
"view_count": 2001
}
|
[
{
"body": "すべて is a simple word meaning \"all ～\" or \"every ～\". あらゆる has the nuance of \"all\nkinds of ～\", \"every sort of ～\" or \"every ～ you can imagine\". Etymologically,\nthis ゆる in あらゆる means \"possible\".\n\nFor example すべての人 means \"all the people (in the room, country, etc)\", while\nあらゆる人 is closer to \"all kinds of people (age, sex, nationality, ...)\".\n\n> * すべての肉 all the meat (e.g., in the fridge, in the store)\n> * あらゆる肉 all kinds of meat (chicken, beef, pork, ...)\n> * すべての歌を歌うことができます。 \n> I can sing all the songs (e.g., in this list).\n> * あらゆる歌を歌うことができます。 \n> I can sing all sorts of songs. (e.g., hip-hop, opera, ...)\n> * 世界のすべての国に行きました。 \n> I went to all the countries in the world. (literally all the 197 countries)\n> * 世界のあらゆる国に行きました。 \n> I went to all kinds of countries in the world. (someone who has visited 50\n> different countries can safely say this)\n>\n\nあらゆる always modifies indefinite things. You can say すべての人 referring to \"all\n_the_ five people\" you have already mentioned in a conversation, but you\ncannot say あらゆる人 in this situation. Also note that あらゆる is almost always\nwritten only in hiragana.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-01T02:50:00.393",
"id": "61892",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-01T03:46:29.040",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-01T03:46:29.040",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61875",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
}
] |
61875
|
61892
|
61892
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Specifically in the sentence: “A guide asked us not to touch the exhibits\nduring the excursion”.\n\nDo we use 〜て／でください as if we are saying “don’t touch this” or do we simply put\na negative form and then と + some introductory verb?\n\nLike:\n\n> 案内者は見学の時に陳列品を手で持たないと... etc.\n\nAnd what verb should we use to say “she asked”? I guess neither 聞く nor 頼む will\nbe appropriate.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T12:34:09.513",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61879",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-01T23:28:08.863",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-01T23:28:08.863",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "31422",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"phrase-requests"
],
"title": "How to make requests not to do something in reported speech?",
"view_count": 169
}
|
[
{
"body": "If the guide is explaining several things, I would say: \n作品に手を触れないようにと案内者は説明しました。\n\nBut if the guide is scolding you for having touched the exhibits, I would say: \n作品に手を触れないようにと案内者に注意されました。",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T13:38:53.357",
"id": "61880",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-30T13:38:53.357",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61879",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
61879
| null |
61880
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61882",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In the sentence:\n\n> よし じゃあ 行こうか\n\nWhen the intonation of 行こうか implies an invitation and not a question, what is\nthe grammatical role of particle 「か」?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T14:27:29.033",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61881",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-30T15:54:44.450",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30049",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "The role of か when 行こうか is not a question",
"view_count": 291
}
|
[
{
"body": "\"か\" is adding a sense of invitation to the phrase, on top of other words that\nare also inviting, such as 〜う of 行こう.\n\n行こう alone would suggest the speaker is a little more determined, and you have\na little less choice in the matter.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T15:54:44.450",
"id": "61882",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-30T15:54:44.450",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3059",
"parent_id": "61881",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
61881
|
61882
|
61882
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61887",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> ラーセンさんは、 **漢字｛かんじ｝はもう一歩｛いっぽ｝といったところですが**\n> 、プレイスメントテストの成績{せいせき｝も悪くなかったし、文法｛ぶんぽう｝もちゃんとしているから、頑張｛がんば｝れば大丈夫｛だいじょうぶ｝だと思｛おも｝いますよ。 \n> (source: An Integrated approach to Intermediate Japanese)\n\nWhile I understand that the last half of the sentence is along the lines of\n\n> \"...because your placement test grade wasn't bad and your grammar is in good\n> shape, if you try your best, I think you will be okay.\",\n\nI'm not sure how to understand the part in bold, mostly the いったところ part. I\nthink that it means something like \"If you improve your kanji just a bit more\n....?\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T20:46:35.187",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61884",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-02T01:13:45.707",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-01T04:11:18.777",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "30784",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"phrases"
],
"title": "Understanding the usage of もう一歩といったところだ",
"view_count": 515
}
|
[
{
"body": "According to \"A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar\", page 496: \nところだ: be just about to do something, be in the midst of doing something, have\njust done something, have been doing something, almost did something.\n\nいっぽ【一歩】: 一つの段階。ほんの少しの程度。 \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/13745/meaning/m1u/一歩/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/13745/meaning/m1u/%E4%B8%80%E6%AD%A9/)\n\nSo the translation becomes: \n漢字はもう一歩といったところ \nYour kanji skills are almost acceptable",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T21:53:49.027",
"id": "61885",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-30T21:53:49.027",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61884",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "「もう一歩（だ）」 literally means \"(You need to go) one more step (to reach the\ndesired level)\". It's like \"(You're almost there but) just one step away from\nthe desired level\". It can be rephrased as 「もう少し」, 「あと一歩」, etc.\n\nThe ところ is used for 抽象的な場所 (abstract place) and can mean \"stage\", \"level\" or\n\"condition\". ～といったところです literally means \"in the stage/level that you'd\ncall...\" i.e. \"you're around the level/stage that is...\" (といった sounds a bit\nmore reserved/indirect and less assertive than という.) ～といったところ can practically\nmean \"around~~\" \"approximately~~\" \"something like~~\" \"I'd say~~\", e.g.\n\n> 「値段はだいたい、１万円 **といったところ** です。」 \n> 「味は、まあまあ **といったところ** です。」\n\nSo 「漢字はもう一歩といったところです」 literally means \"As for your kanji, you're in the stage\nwhere you'd need to go just one more step (to reach the desired level)\", or\n\"As for your kanji level, (you're almost there but) it's just a step (behind\nthe desired level)\".\n\n* * *\n\nAdditional Info: For reference, _A Dictionary of Advanced Japanese Grammar_\nexplains this phrase as: \"A phrase the speaker/writer uses to explain\nsomething in a brief/rough manner. _I would say ~; ~ is how I’d put it_ \"\n(page 633).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T23:05:47.613",
"id": "61887",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-02T01:13:45.707",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-02T01:13:45.707",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "61884",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
61884
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61887
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61887
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61888",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> クリニックでは、症状を訴える患者が「聴力検査」で異常がなければ、 **50音のどれかをランダムで発音し聞き取れるかどうかをチェックする**\n> 「スピーチ検査」に移ります。\n>\n> **そこで一定以上の正答率であれば**\n> 、聴力に問題がないため聴覚情報処理障害の疑いが高まり、場合によっては脳の画像診断なども行って判断していくそうです。([source](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20180926/k10011645091000.html?utm_int=news_contents_netnewsup_004))\n\n1°)50音のどれかをランダムで発音し聞き取れるかどうかをチェックする=> \"To check if the patient understands\nsounds(50 different sounds possible) said randomly\" It doesn't make sense\nsince if they are said randomly they shouldn't be intelligible...?(and I don't\nthink it's just recognizing the sounds since it's a test done if there are no\nproblems with the hearing(「聴力検査」で異常がなければ)).\n\n2°) I don't understand why giving correct answers is bad and shows that we\nhave 聴覚情報処理障害?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T22:10:48.887",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61886",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-01T12:41:14.183",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "25980",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"reading-comprehension"
],
"title": "I don't understand this passage",
"view_count": 135
}
|
[
{
"body": "For me, 50音 refers to アイウエオ、さしすせそ、etc., which are played randomly, and the\npatient is asked to identify what they hear, so it’s a step further after the\nhearing check. If they give correct answers, it means although they can\nidentify the basic elements / sounds of the language, but cannot follow the\ndialogue (makes the correct sense of it), that’s why they have 聴覚情報処理障害.\n\n間違えたら、すみませんね！",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-30T23:18:43.097",
"id": "61888",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-30T23:18:43.097",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "31428",
"parent_id": "61886",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "50 sounds refer to the existing 50 different hiraganas (actually only 46): \n[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gojūon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goj%C5%ABon)\n\n聴力検査 is only to determine if the patient is able to hear. \nスピーチ検査 is to determine if the patient is able to distinguish different sounds. \nOne sound is chosen randomly and the patient needs to identify it.\n\nIf the patient has no problem with hearing, it is worse, because then it means\nit is a mental problem, which is much more serious and difficult to treat.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-01T12:41:14.183",
"id": "61900",
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"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61886",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
61886
|
61888
|
61888
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61897",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm currently reading this\n[article](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/easy/k10011636501000/k10011636501000.html)\n\nWhich has the following sentence:\n\n> インドで人気がある小さい炊飯器を輸出する予定です。\n>\n> My translation: There is a plan to export small rice cookers, which have\n> become popular in India.\n\nThe sentence ends with **予定です** but I don't understand why. I would expect it\nto end with 予定があります instead. Since for me 予定があります would translate to \"there is\na plan\", where just 予定です would be \"it's a plan\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-01T05:35:18.187",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61895",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-01T07:09:24.187",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "30339",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"syntax"
],
"title": "Use of 予定 at the end of sentence",
"view_count": 449
}
|
[
{
"body": "**～予定です** is like \"is planned\"\n\neg:\n\n> 外食する予定です。\n>\n> I plan to eat out.\n>\n> lit: \"eating out is planned\"\n\n**～予定があります** is like \"there are plans\"\n\neg:\n\n> その日は予定があります。\n>\n> I have plans on that day.\n>\n> lit: \"on the topic of that day, there are plans\"\n\nSo, applying this logic to your example sentence:\n\n> It is planned to export small rice cookers popular in India.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-01T07:09:24.187",
"id": "61897",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-01T07:09:24.187",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "25859",
"parent_id": "61895",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61895
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61897
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61897
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61898",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "This morning I read a sentence translated as follows:\n\n> 私は 部屋{へや} **に かざる物{もの}** を あげました。\n>\n> I offered her **things to decorate her room**.\n\nIt made me think about the following different English sentence, which I would\ntranslate to the same sentence in Japanese:\n\n> **In** her room, I offered her things to decorate.\n\n* * *\n\nThere was also this sentence which I thought wasn't as confusing as the\nprevious one:\n\n> 私は **旅行{りょこう} の 時{とき} 持{も}って行{い}く 物{もの}** を あげました。\n>\n> I offered her things to bring **when she travels**.\n\nI assumed the absence of `に` between `時{とき}` and `持{も}って行{い}く` was the reason\nthat it couldn't be translated as follows:\n\n> **While traveling** , I offered her things to bring. _(Doesn't make much\n> sense, but it's just for the example)_\n\n* * *\n\nI feel that I missed something. Those examples are actually easy to\nunderstand, but **I fear that I could misunderstand more complex sentences**.\n\n * For the first example, how do I know the first translation is the right one, and not the other one?\n\n * How can I differentiate between `the time or place of the action`, and `what's just a part of the noun-modifier`?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-01T06:12:18.693",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61896",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-01T14:35:55.010",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "30812",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles"
],
"title": "Particles and noun-modifiers",
"view_count": 480
}
|
[
{
"body": "Note this important general difference between で and に when used to specify\nlocation:\n\n * で indicates location, except for location of existence. \n\n * eg: デパートで働いています。\n * に indicates the location where someone or something exists.\n\n * eg: その本は図書館にあります。 (ある is a verb of existence)\n\nIn your first example sentence, the verb is あげる. This is not a verb of\nexistence, so you wouldn't use に to specify the location. Therefore, your\nsecond interpretation of the sentence is not possible.\n\nIn the second example sentence, the use of に after 時 is optional. Whether に is\npresent or not does not change the meaning of the sentence. Whether it means\n\"when she travels\" or \"when I travel\" or \"when we travel\" (etc) is ambiguous,\nyou just have to figure it out from context.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-01T07:38:02.057",
"id": "61898",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-01T08:50:41.960",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-01T08:50:41.960",
"last_editor_user_id": "25859",
"owner_user_id": "25859",
"parent_id": "61896",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "I know what you mean. \nUnfortunately, Japanese sentences can be ambiguous, allowing multiple\ninterpretations. \nYou have to find the interpretation that makes more sense, based on the\ncontext. \nUnlike English, Japanese is highly dependent on context.\n\nWhen parsing a sentence, in general you should try to find the longest clause\npossible.\n\nFor example instead of breaking apart (部屋に) (かざる物を), you should consider first\nthe longest clause (部屋にかざる物を).",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-01T14:35:55.010",
"id": "61901",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-01T14:35:55.010",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61896",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
61896
|
61898
|
61898
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61903",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm learning Japanese, N5 level. I wonder why Japanese verbs have so many\nforms. For example, to say that we are doing something, we use \"te\" form\n(which I am learning right now). To say we are able to do something, we use\nanother \"potential\" form. When we say somebody must do something, we use\nanother \"imperative\" form.\n\nSo, I guess for each meaning/variation of the verb, we need a new form. If the\npattern continues to grow, there must be hundreds of forms? But I read that\nthere are only about 10 forms(!?). I really don't understand. Can anyone\nexplain to me what a verb form is? What is its role in the sentence?\n\nI will list some use cases. Please let me know which form I should use:\n\n * should do something \n * need to do something \n * want to do something \n * hate to do something \n * like to do something \n * being told to do something \n * afraid of doing something \n * regret of having done something\n\nThanks.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-01T15:13:14.250",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61902",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-01T17:08:52.270",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-01T15:53:51.493",
"last_editor_user_id": "7944",
"owner_user_id": "31337",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Why Japanese verb has so many forms?",
"view_count": 2930
}
|
[
{
"body": "Since you are a beginner, probably it's best to get used to the most useful\n\"forms\" of Japanese, including the te-form, masu-form (aka polite form),\nimperative form, etc. It's the fastest way to learn to communicate in\nJapanese.\n\nBut if you keep studying Japanese systematically, you will encounter something\nunusual like 食べさせられたくなかった, which roughly means \"did not want to be forced to\neat\". Do we really have to name this \"form\" as something like \"the past-\nnegative-desire-causative-passive form\" and learn it by rote? Certainly not.\n\nActually, there are only **five** (or six) basic verb conjugation patterns in\nmodern standard Japanese. Some of the \"forms\" you have learned are actually\ncombinations of one of the five patterns and \"an auxiliary\" (助動詞 in Japanese).\nAuxiliaries works very similarly to English auxiliary verbs (\"can\", \"should\",\n\"may\", etc.; also known as helping verbs) except that you don't need spaces\nand that they come after verbs. You can attach more than one auxiliary to say\nsomething complicated like \"past + potential\", \"passive + causative\", or even\n\"passive + causative + volitional + negative + past\". The most common\nauxiliaries you have probably learned already include ます (the polite marker),\nた/だ (the past-tense marker), れる/られる (the potential marker), て/で (the\n\"continuation\" marker of the te-form), etc. The part before た and て are\nexactly the same for all types of verbs, and people call it 連用形 (\"continuative\nform\"), which is one of the five basic patterns. So once you have mastered the\nte-form (I know it's a bit hard at first), that means you have also mastered\nthe conjugation patterns of the ta-form (past tense), too.\n\nSo you don't have to worry too much; seemingly some textbooks for Japanese\nlearners like to introduce many \"forms\", including \"tari-form\" and \"nagara-\nform\", but you can learn them quite easily once you have learned the basic\nfive patterns. (Another good news is that there are very few irregular verbs\nin Japanese.)\n\nFor more details, please see the following (But don't worry if you cannot\nunderstand them now):\n\n * [Does \"te-form\" of a verb always include て/で? Why?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/36310/5010)\n * [Random Japanese - 活用](https://grapefruitcake.tumblr.com/post/145712193913/%E6%B4%BB%E7%94%A8-conjugation)\n * [Japanese with Anime - Verbs in Japanese - How do they work?](https://www.japanesewithanime.com/2017/07/verbs-japanese-grammar.html) (There is a great breakdown of how 食べさせられたくなかった works)",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-01T16:33:27.047",
"id": "61903",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-01T17:08:52.270",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-01T17:08:52.270",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61902",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 10
}
] |
61902
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61903
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61903
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "Basically, a trivia question that someone could answer with a script.\n\nWhat is the statistically most popular _kanji_ in Japanese texts not in the\n_jōyō_ list? Was it ever considered for inclusion? Is it popular due to names\nonly or used in compounds? Same for _hyōgai kanji_.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-01T17:00:31.480",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61905",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-02T12:28:41.750",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-02T09:41:55.480",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "27977",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 26,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "Which is the most popular non-Jōyō kanji?",
"view_count": 4683
}
|
[
{
"body": "Using the Joyo kanji from [here](https://imabi.net/joyokanjilist.htm) and the\nfrequency list from [here](https://kanjicards.org/kanji-list-by-freq.html), I\nwas able to generate this list (ordered by frequency):\n\n> 伊 智 弘 彦 阿 李 浩 菱 煕 宏 幌 之 曽 梶 昌 靖 渕 也 旭 磯 孜 盧 笠 聡 曙 趙 筑 萩 栗 嘉 篠 菅 俣 淵 辰 霞 柏 辻\n> 淳 荻 嶋 鳩 柴 桂 晋 晃 桐 鷹 猪 紘 庄 敦 磐 祐 鵬 亘 鄭 芦 龍 笹 柿 釧 綾 釜 毅 嶌 稔 函 鴨 樋 楊 駿 亮 吾 椿 圭\n> 蓮 倶 堺 呆 窪 雀 畠 瑞 伍 蘭 蒲 秦 茅 輔 粕 冨 湘 椎 灘 堰 獅 姜 郁 鷲 楠 芥 其 玲 翔 肇 榎 劉 幡 諏 亨 嶺 喬 崔\n> 琵 琶 聯 蘇 寅 乃 洲 樽 樺 槙 薩 巌 淀 麹 賭 睦 胡 峻 炒 屏 槻 蝶 梁 琢 箕 芭 逗 苫 楢 蕉 兜 琉 朋 姑 烏 僑 奄 遼\n> 橘 漱 桧 宋 苑 巽 杜 藝 欣 魏 篇 此 峯 巴 禎 菩 檜 稜 牟 榊 錫 荏 倭 廟 銚 斐 魁 薮 鴻 於 赳 逢 凧 鵜 庵 葵 萬 禄\n> 孟 鴈 狼 尖 翫 嶽 尭 卿 已 巳 暢 粟 燕 綴 埴 魯 牡 芹 杏 迦 鳳 馨 蔭 焉 慧 祇 鷺 彬 袴 匡 苅 讃 尹 欽 湛 狐 鴎 瀋\n> 挺 嵯 雁 佃 綜 狛 壷 橿 翠 鮎 播 榛 帖 桶 惣 鞍 蔦 萱 梯 雫 絆 湊 隼 舵 渚 珂 煥 稀 癌 峨 嘘 旛 篭 芙 皐 雛 娼 篆\n> 鮫 惟 牌 宕 喧 佑 蒋 樟 耀 黛 櫛 渥 濡 槍 襄 惇 蛋 脩 笘 宍 甫 壕 嬉 囃 蒼 簗 峙 粥 舘 銕 鄒 蜷 暉 捧 只 箏 檀 鵠\n> 凱 彗 諌 樫 噂 牝 梓 洛 醍 砦 丑 笏 蕨 噺 抒 隈 叶 汐 絢 叩 朔 蔡 鍾 仇 伽 夷 瞑 杭 寓 黎 坐 鍼 塙 冴 葦 礒 咸 萌\n> 饗 歪 偲 韮 漕 杵 薔 膠 允 眞 蒙 蕃 呑 碓 茗 瀕 蒔 鯉 竪 瘤 澤 溥 遥 或 矩 厦 冤 舜 侠 贅 杖 汪 猷 瑛 搜 曼 彪 撚\n> 噛 卯 桝 撫 喋 溢 闊 藏 浙 彭 淘 剃 揃 綺 徘 巷 竿 蟹 袁 舩 茜 凌 厨 犀 簑 皓 甦 洸 毬 檄 姚 蛭 叢 椙 轟 贋 洒 貰\n> 儲 緋 鯛 蓼 甕 喘 怜 溜 邑 鉾 碧 燈 瓜 哺 槌 啄 穣 嗜 偕 酉 蹄 頚 胚 牢 糞 悌 吊 楕 鮭 詫 鱒 轍 醤 惚 廣 藁 柚 舛\n> 縞 謳 杞 鱗 釘 弛 狸 壬 硯 蝦\n\n[Link to the\nscript](https://gist.github.com/encody/8e2a126520001cbf81af668f6e5df05b).\n\nThis does not answer all of your questions but it could be a good start.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-01T17:39:42.243",
"id": "61906",
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"owner_user_id": "19139",
"parent_id": "61905",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 14
},
{
"body": "Here are the top 30ish non-jouyou, non-jinmei kanji from several frequency\ndatabases. I compiled these a while ago for my own curiosity and don't readily\nhave references to the source data (other than the excel file I made).\n\nThe kanji in each list (except for the last one) are in descending order of\nfrequency with the most frequent first.\n\n> Aozora Bunko\n>\n> 學處爺體當厭妾叩顏覗會對聲嘘歸掻發鼠儘變呆數噛慾狐關經睨呟\n>\n> Newspaper\n>\n> 嶽渕澤涌槿舛趙尹鉾靱妓聯諫潘舘銚筧苫炳粕桓橿荊姦薮扮捏頸鮫禱\n>\n> Twitter\n>\n> 嘘艸垢澤奢餃糞卍叩彡琲罒噛呟騙咳舐罠芒炒灬贅苫遽煽乁洒覗痒揉\n>\n> Wikipedia\n>\n> 澤學牝魏牌鐵曰欅祀叩渕濱讐癌趙輌舘嘘苫狗吊譚站讀綬廠姦薇憑罠\n>\n> Top 50 Jinmei from Newspaper\n>\n> 伊晋幌之也鵬菅彦阿弘圭智浩龍笠菱旭桐宏嶋柏李祐昌萩函遼嘉敦筑吾栗尖輔奄亮佑幡篠峯淳翔俣蔭稀堺磐毅乃哉 \n> (EDIT: These were completely incorrect before the edit. I skipped part of\n> the data when copying.)\n>\n> These are the ones that appear in more than one list (so they are probably\n> the most useful)\n>\n> 澤嘘姦罠覗叩呟噛學渕舘苫趙",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-01T18:09:12.097",
"id": "61907",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-02T12:28:41.750",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-02T12:28:41.750",
"last_editor_user_id": "3296",
"owner_user_id": "3296",
"parent_id": "61905",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 19
},
{
"body": "This might not be exactly what you are looking for, but here there is a list\nof Jinmeiyo kanji (kanjis used for names which arent joyo kanji) listed by\nfrequency. I noticed the second in the list is the first in one of the lists\nhere.\n\n> 之 伊 阿 乃 彦 智 紗 弘 祐 也 莉 嘉 巳 宏 龍 昌 浩 佑 吾 嶋 輔 栗 玖 茉 庄 幡 李 亮 笠 桂 晃 辻 眞 哉 冨 猪 笹 耶\n> 淵 淳 磯 杏 慧 峯 萌 旭 伽 廣 鷹 菅 丞 埜 窪 惟 靖 萩 柴 篠 瑞 幌 國 綾 圭 嵯 甫 玲 芦 郁 俣 蓮 洲 柚 聡 柏 瑛 蘭\n> 辰 允 峨 暢 楠 嶺 樋 伍 翔 侑 庵 琉 朋 畠 爾 鴨 紘 桐 敦 惠 蒲 梶 葵 鵜\n\n[Jinmeiyo Kanji by\nfrequency](https://www.kanshudo.com/collections/jinmeiyo_kanji)\n\nFull list on the link",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T10:26:41.267",
"id": "61918",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-02T10:26:41.267",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9878",
"parent_id": "61905",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61905
| null |
61907
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61917",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "From [this\narticle](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/easy/k10011650901000/k10011650901000.html):\n\n> 大阪府の警察は、樋田容疑者を警察署から逃げた容疑 **で** 調べていますが、何も話していません。 \n> Osaka police are investigating Hida on suspicion of escaping from the\n> police station, but are saying nothing.\n\nThat was my translation until I read an English version of the story. I\nassumed the police were investigating but that 何も話していません suggested that they\nweren't prepared to talk about it at the moment. However, the English article\nimplied that it was the suspect who was 何も話していません. Is this sentence ambiguous\nor am I missing an obvious clue which tells me that the suspect is the subject\nof 話す and not the police?\n\nI was also unsure about my translation of ...容疑で調べています as \"investigating on\nsuspicion of ...\". The reason I worry is that they surely already know it was\nhim who escaped.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-01T20:12:37.827",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61908",
"last_activity_date": "2018-12-19T06:47:55.933",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-01T23:24:11.967",
"last_editor_user_id": "4091",
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"ambiguity"
],
"title": "Subject ambiguity in 大阪府の警察は、樋田容疑者を警察署から逃げた容疑で調べていますが、何も話していません。",
"view_count": 173
}
|
[
{
"body": "We commonly understand the subject of 何も話していません is the suspect from the\ncontext. That implies that the suspect is refusing to answer. Of course, it\ncan be Osaka police, but in the case, we would say 警察は(それについて)何も話していません(Osaka\npolice doesn't talk about investigating Hida).\n\nAs for your second question, even if it is obviously a crime, it is a\nsuspicion until it is convicted in a court.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T06:42:20.027",
"id": "61916",
"last_activity_date": "2018-12-19T06:47:55.933",
"last_edit_date": "2018-12-19T06:47:55.933",
"last_editor_user_id": "30123",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "61908",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "Yes the subject of 話す is 樋田容疑者, but there is no obvious grammatical clue, so\nyou have to determine the correct subject from the context. If you read\nseveral similar news articles regarding police investigation, you'll soon\nnotice that ～と話しています is used very often to report the suspect's attitude after\nthe arrest. (But I admit this sentence may be trickier than the one in the\noriginal article. 黙秘 is a relatively difficult word, but you at least don't\nhave to worry about who is doing it.)\n\nAt least in Japan, 容疑 is always used like this even when the police is 100%\nconfident. Legally speaking, police investigators cannot judge the fact. All\nthey can do instead is to investigate the case, \"suspect,\" and send the\nsuspected person to court, where the official judgement will be made. Until\nthen, the person will be called 容疑者, and what they did is called 容疑.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T09:37:23.983",
"id": "61917",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-02T09:37:23.983",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61908",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61908
|
61917
|
61916
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61913",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I came across the phrase 心配いりません and from what I understand it means \"Dont\nworry\". It is formed by using the する-verb 心配 (worry) and いる (to be needed).\nWhat I don't understand is why there is no particle or something between 心配\nand いる.\n\nDoes this mean that する-verbs don't necessarily require the verb する or one of\nits related forms? Or am I just overthinking it and a particle just being\nomitted?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T01:45:02.423",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61910",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-02T04:52:53.273",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-02T02:52:54.353",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30339",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"syntax",
"particle-は",
"particle-が",
"ellipsis"
],
"title": "Question about the phrase 心配いりません",
"view_count": 179
}
|
[
{
"body": "心配いりません is the same as 心配 **は** いりません (literally \"worry is not needed\"), but は\nis omitted. Here 心配 is a simple noun meaning \"worry\" or \"anxiety\". Suru-verbs\nare essentially nouns followed by する (\"to do\"), so you can treat words like\n心配, 運転 (\"driving\"), 勉強 (\"studying\") also as simple nouns.\n\nSince 心配いりません is something people say very often, you can safely omit は even\nin formal settings. Another similar set phrase is 問題ありません (\"No problem\"),\nwhich is a short version of 問題 **は** ありません. Just like English speakers don't\nusually bother to say \" _There is_ no problem\", this は is usually omitted for\nbrevity, too.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T04:52:53.273",
"id": "61913",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-02T04:52:53.273",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61910",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
61910
|
61913
|
61913
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61915",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I was searching for the definition of this phrase\n\n> 駆虎呑狼の計\n\nand from what I could research this phrase comes from the novel Romance of The\nThree Kingdoms (三国演義).\n\nFrom my understanding a leopard is being chased by a tiger, and in doing so\nthe tiger is leaving his hideout exposed, so somebody is making the wolf\nattack the tiger's place.\n\nThe problem is this paragraph i found were there's a direct translation that I\ncan't understand:\n\n> 「駆虎呑狼」とは直訳すれば「虎を駆って狼を呑ませる」という意味。\n\nI'm trying to interpret this as: Make a wolf infiltrate (a tiger's hideout) by\nimpelling a tiger.\n\nI'm using the 3th definition of 呑む from here:\n<https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E5%91%91%E3%82%80>\n\n> ③ 比喩的に，門や入り口が人などを入れる。 「五万の観衆を－・んだ国立競技場」\n\nI'm having troubles understanding this because most of the examples I found\nusing 呑む in causative form mean \"to make someone cry/feel bad\" which wouldn't\nmake sense according to what the phrase wants to express. Also is it normal to\nuse two を in one sentence? I think there's a rule against it.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T03:10:16.420",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61911",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-02T12:11:01.227",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "17515",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"causation",
"interpretation"
],
"title": "Meaning of 呑む in causative form",
"view_count": 170
}
|
[
{
"body": "虎を駆って狼を呑ませる means \"to drive the tiger to swallow the wolf\".\n\n狼を呑ませる doesn't mean \"to make the wolf swallow\", which is 狼に呑ませる, but \"to make\nsomeone to swallow the wolf\".\n\nThere's nothing wrong about を. The first を leads to 駆って and the second one\ndoes to 呑ませる.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T06:16:30.383",
"id": "61915",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-02T06:16:30.383",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "61911",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "Let me share my perspective from a Chinese point of view. It might be helpful\nif you can read 三国演义 in the original or simplified Chinese version. The\nJapanese version of 三国演义 may interpret 駆虎呑狼 in a different way than the\noriginal.\n\n駆虎呑狼 literally means \"to drive the tiger so that it swallows the wolf\". It is\nmost commonly used figuratively to mean \" using some clevelr manipulation so\nthat two people ( or groups of people) fight against each other, and you\nbenefit from them being weakened in the fight.\" Here the 虎 and 狼 typically\nrefers to someone much stronger than you. That's why you cannot just use brute\nforce, but rather must rely on some clever technique.\n\nEdit: I should add that \"fight\" here is also used figuratively to refer to any\nkind of competition. For example, competition between two business companies.\nHowever, it does NOT apply to sports competitions. When you run a 400m race,\nyou are not using 駆虎呑狼 if you wait for people in first and second to get tired\nand then you run past them to win first place.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T11:29:48.950",
"id": "61920",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-02T12:11:01.227",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-02T12:11:01.227",
"last_editor_user_id": "17942",
"owner_user_id": "17942",
"parent_id": "61911",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61911
|
61915
|
61915
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61914",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am trying to learn a lot by reading, but I am having a lot of trouble with\nthis phrase/sentence:\n\n> どうなちきつたんだよオ\n\nNow, this is from a manga (Akira, specifically) so I'm guessing it's some kind\nof cheesy/loud exclamation. But I've tried to figure out what it means and I'm\njust really not getting it.\n\nThis is the the original image.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/bWY1J.png) \n_(Click for full image.)_",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T04:40:58.490",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61912",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-02T08:33:02.850",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-02T08:33:02.850",
"last_editor_user_id": "11792",
"owner_user_id": "31443",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"particles",
"readings",
"manga"
],
"title": "What does どうなちきつたんだよオ mean?",
"view_count": 348
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's not どうなちきつたんだよオ but どうな **っちま** ったんだよ **ォ** , which in this context\nroughly means \"What happened to you!\" or \"What has become of you!\" I don't\nknow how much you know about Japanese, but assuming you can read most of\nwhat's written in AKIRA, here's the breakdown. (If you still have trouble\nreading hiragana, you should start with something easier.)\n\n * どう: \"how\"\n * なっちまった: contracted form of なってしまった (see [this chart](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/18159/5010)) \n * なって: te-form of なる (\"to become\", \"to turn out\")\n * しまった: ta-form of しまう (\"to end up\"; see [「しまう」 as an auxiliary verb](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/21026/5010))\n * ん: explanatory-no; see [What is the meaning of ～んです/～のだ/etc?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/5398/5010)\n * だ: copula\n * よォ: the same as よ, a masculine sentence-end particle\n\n(どうなる is a set phrase meaning \"what happens\", \"how it's going\")",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T05:28:59.167",
"id": "61914",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-02T06:01:52.457",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-02T06:01:52.457",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61912",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 10
}
] |
61912
|
61914
|
61914
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61923",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I came across this phrase in a passage and I am not quite sure what it means.\nIt seems unlikely that it is used for comparison, but I could be wrong. The\nChinese translation following it seems to translate it to \"not only\". There is\nno grammatical explanations in the book, and searching online hasn't been\nhelpful either. So someone please illustrate the appropriate grammar here.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/bjR4P.png)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T11:14:03.857",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61919",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-04T08:39:49.643",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-04T08:39:49.643",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "17942",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"interpretation"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of 近いほうが here?",
"view_count": 222
}
|
[
{
"body": "生に近いほうが can be broken down as 生に近い + ほうが. 生に近い means to be close to raw.\nPresumably `close` because you do some preservation, just not cooking. ほうが is\nused as a judgement/comparison. This example, which I copied from\n[here](https://j-nihongo.com/houga/), illustrates this:\n\n> 部屋{へや}は、広{ひろ}い **ほうが** いいです。\n\nThis example means `As for rooms, wider/more expansive ones are better`. The\nほうが is used to make the judgement that wider ones are better. In your example,\n生に近いほうが means that the speaker is about to make a judgement/analysis about\nthings that are close to raw. In your case the speaker says that they let you\nunderstand the original taste and don't destroy the (original) nutrients.\n\nAs for why the Chinese translates that as `not only`, I imagine it's because\nthe Japanese clause ends with ~し, which is a grammar that can be used to list\nthings/reasons.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T14:12:05.883",
"id": "61923",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-03T18:08:29.820",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-03T18:08:29.820",
"last_editor_user_id": "7944",
"owner_user_id": "10045",
"parent_id": "61919",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61919
|
61923
|
61923
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61944",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "According to the NHK Accent dictionary, the pitch accent for ふわふわ can be:\n\n( **a** ) ふわふわ {HLLL} or ( **b** ) ふわふわ {LHHH}\n\nIt is ( **a** ) when する is attached and it is ( **b** ) when used as a simple\nadjective.\n\nFirst, are the following examples correct?\n\nふわふわ{HLLL}したケーキ\n\nふわふわ{LHHH}のケーキ\n\nSecondly, do other giongo words also follow this pattern? Or is it a case by\ncase basis?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T13:13:08.213",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61921",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-03T06:57:29.750",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"onomatopoeia",
"pitch-accent"
],
"title": "Pitch accent variations within giongo words like ふわふわ",
"view_count": 405
}
|
[
{
"body": "Yes, this is a generic characteristic of giongo. According to [this article\nfrom\nNHK放送文化研究所](https://www.nhk.or.jp/bunken/summary/kotoba/uraomote/096.html),\nthe pitch accent of an onomatopoeia is mainly determined by whether it\nmodifies the following word adjectivally or adverbially.\n\n>\n> 擬音語・擬態語は形容のしかたによってはアクセントが変わることがあります。「ツルツルと滑る」は頭高（あたまだか）で一番初めの「ツ」のあとで下がります。「ツルツルになる」では平板アクセントになります。\n> **形容動詞的な使い方では頭高、副詞的に使われる場合には平板アクセント** が多く見られます。\n\nWords like ぎりぎり is pronounced like [ぎりぎり]【HLLL】 when it's used as a giongo\nadverb, but like [ぎりぎり]【LHHH】 when it's used as a non-giongo adverb.\n\n> * 会議に[ぎりぎり]【LHHH】間に合った。(non-giongo)\n> * 歯を[ぎりぎり]【HLLL】(と)食いしばった。(giongo)\n>",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-03T06:11:58.107",
"id": "61944",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-03T06:57:29.750",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-03T06:57:29.750",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61921",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
61921
|
61944
|
61944
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61927",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> 楽しんでいいの？\n>\n> **一方で当時、皆が感じていたことがあります。**\n>\n> 災害のさなかに楽しんでいいのだろうかという空気です。\n>\n> ４月も半ばすぎ、避難所の脇にあった桜が満開になった頃、私（後藤）は南三陸町で取材をしていました。\n>\n> **住民の中には桜を見て楽しんでいいのか** 、 **戸惑いを口にする人がいたことから**\n> 、私は住民の人を誘い、満開の桜を見に行きました。([source](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20180913/k10011628951000.html))\n\n 1. I don't understand the construction and the meaning of 皆が感じていたことがあります. Is it:\n\n * こと with a relative clause (as in 論文に書いたことを話してください), or\n * the 〜したことがある pattern (it seems to fit the pattern of the latter but the meaning doesn't seem to fit the context)?\n 2. What is the object of 感じる?\n\n 3. What does 住民の中 refer to? \n\nDoes the journalist ask himself a question or rather say the question that\neveryone is thinking about (住民の中には桜を見て楽しんでいいのか)?\n\n 4. What does 戸惑いを口にする人がいたことから mean? I think it means \"because there were confused people\" but it seems weird according to the context?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T18:31:48.443",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61924",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-10-03T05:38:48.050",
"last_editor_user_id": "18189",
"owner_user_id": "25980",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"reading-comprehension"
],
"title": "Trouble with this passage",
"view_count": 95
}
|
[
{
"body": "1. This こと is for nominalization. 当時、皆が感じていたことがあります means \"There is what everyone felt at that time. \n\n 2. It is \"something\". \"something\" is described in the following sentense as 災害のさなかに楽しんでいいのだろうかという空気.\n\n3,4. It means \"Because there were some puzzled inhabitants who thought whether\nthey might enjoy looking cherry blossoms or not.\" They were puzzled whether\nthey might enjoy looking cherry blossoms or not.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T19:09:49.893",
"id": "61925",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-02T19:09:49.893",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "7320",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "1-2) Yes, the こと is like in 論文に書いたことを話してください. Here it means `There is\nsomething everyone feels/notices`. This feeling is explained in next sentence\nas 災害のさなかに楽しんでいいのだろうかという空気.\n\n3) 住民の中 is referring to `among the 住民`.\n\n4) You're right in the interpretation, it's talking about how there are some\npeople who say their doubts out loud. What kind of doubts? 桜を見て楽しんでいいのか. What\nkind of people are they? 住民の中",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T19:16:13.337",
"id": "61927",
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"last_editor_user_id": "10045",
"owner_user_id": "10045",
"parent_id": "61924",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
61924
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61927
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61927
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61930",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "studying Japanese for some months now I, began translating some Japanese\nsentences written on pictures or drawings. Unfortunately I came across a\ndrawing with handwritten kana that I cannot clearly identify.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/lVdiH.png)\n\nIt's quite simple to read the both right kana, being ふぁ, I suppose they are\npronounced as [Fa] and shall be a sound of relief, like \"Ah\" or \"Phew\".\n\nBut the two left kana are quite hard to identify for me, as I'm used to\ncomputer-written signs. So I'm not even sure whether this is Katakana or\nHirakana... The first kana could either be ヤ or や (although therefore the\nsmall dot at the top would be missing). But neither Jisho.org nor Google\nTranslator gave any useful hints what the lower left kana is supposed to be...\nIt might be ダ so the resulting term would be ヤダ [Yada]. But is that\nreasonable? No Japanese dictionary knew this term. Of course it's highly\nprobably that this is just another term to describe a sound made by the\nspeaker. But [Yada]? I can't imagine a reasonable equivalent nor an emotion,\nwhich the sound [Yada] could transmit. Thanks a lot for your help!",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T19:16:10.483",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61926",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-02T21:50:29.373",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-02T20:09:56.067",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31448",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"colloquial-language",
"kana",
"writing-identification"
],
"title": "Handwritten kana that looks like ヤダ, but I can't find ヤダ in a dictionary",
"view_count": 302
}
|
[
{
"body": "It is:\n\n嫌(いや)だ 。 \nI hate it! \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/嫌/#je-4410](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E5%AB%8C/#je-4410)\n\nIt is written in katakana, probably for emphasis.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T21:50:29.373",
"id": "61930",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-02T21:50:29.373",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61926",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
61926
|
61930
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61930
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61929",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "In S01E03 of maniac we can see this bag:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/nfW1F.png)\n\nWhat is the symbol between テ and ー ? Is it supposed to be 1, like for version\n1? If so shouldn't it go after the ー?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T20:11:37.137",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61928",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-02T21:59:06.983",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22480",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"katakana"
],
"title": "Label on the substance bag in the tv show maniac",
"view_count": 177
}
|
[
{
"body": "It is not a number 1, as you might think. It is a valid katakana which is a\nsmall イ: ィ.\n\nThe word in question is then:\n\n> アフロダイティー\n\nThese kind of small kana are used in conjunction with the previous kana in\norder to modify the sound. In this case, where the kana is テ and gives a 'te'\nsound, adding the small kana ィ in front to make ティ gives the 'ti' sound that\nnormally can't be expressed in the standard kana range. Recall that the normal\nsound for the 'i' range in the た row gives us ち or チ 'chi'.\n\nSo, now that you know this, what word is this?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T21:01:26.437",
"id": "61929",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-02T21:01:26.437",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "21684",
"parent_id": "61928",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "アフロダイティー\n\nIt is a small イ.\n\nIt is called sutegana. \n<https://www.japanesewithanime.com/2017/12/small-kana.html> \n<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sutegana> \n[https://jlearn.net/Dictionary/Browse/2072880-sutegana-すてがな-\n捨て仮名](https://jlearn.net/Dictionary/Browse/2072880-sutegana-%E3%81%99%E3%81%A6%E3%81%8C%E3%81%AA-%E6%8D%A8%E3%81%A6%E4%BB%AE%E5%90%8D) \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/118915/meaning/m0u/捨仮名/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/118915/meaning/m0u/%E6%8D%A8%E4%BB%AE%E5%90%8D/) \n[https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/捨て仮名](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8D%A8%E3%81%A6%E4%BB%AE%E5%90%8D)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T21:59:06.983",
"id": "61931",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-02T21:59:06.983",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61928",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
61928
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61929
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61931
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61941",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Perhaps one of the more interesting/infuriating things i've found is how どうこう\nis seemingly always written without kanji...\n\nthe obvious ones with する default to 同行 I assume\n\n> だからと言って今すぐどうこうするって話でもないけど。-just cuz i said that doesn't mean i saying i want\n> to go out with her\n\n同好\n\n> 一概にどうこう言えない気がするんだけど…… - I feel like you can’t say all (girls ) have the same\n> tastes (when it comes to guy's heights)\n\n\"[どうのこうの](https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1477900054)\"\n\n> 「なんでせっかく好きな人と結ばれたのに、他人がどうこう言って間に割り込んでこようとするわけ……？ 関係ないじゃん……」- how come even\n> though i'm finally with a guy i like, other people keep disturbing us and\n> saying all this crap, what we're doing has nothing to do with them.\n\nand the stuff I'm not so sure of\n\nどうのこうの or 動向？\n\n> 俺が殴られるどうこうはもう関係ない。- your (\"tendency\" to assault me/this and that sort of\n> beating me up) is already irrelevant ?\n\n動向?\n\n> お前がどうこうじゃなく俺が決めたんだ。(context is \"っ…入れてくださいっ！ 私なら大丈夫です。これしき耐えられます\" ) - I , who\n> \"doesn't have the same \"tendencies\" as you, has already made up my mind. -\n> really not sure about the last one.\n\nAppreciate any clarifications and further insight",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T22:56:40.007",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61932",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-03T16:49:37.147",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-02T23:37:38.900",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "22187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"homonyms"
],
"title": "ambiguity of どうこう",
"view_count": 566
}
|
[
{
"body": "In all your five example sentences, どうこう is [this\nどうこう](https://jisho.org/word/%E3%81%A9%E3%81%86%E3%81%93%E3%81%86) meaning\n\"this and that\", \"something\", \"blah-blah\", etc. It's used to contract the\nunimportant part of the sentence. It's interchangeable with どうのこうの.\n\nどうこう can work as an adverb, \"(like) this or that\":\n\n> 今すぐどうこうするって話でもないけど。 \n> That does not mean I'll do something (about the problem) right away.\n>\n> 一概にどうこう言えない気がする。 \n> I feel we cannot say something sweepingly. / It's not a black-and-white\n> situation.\n\nどうこう also can colloquially form a noun clause (i.e., どうこう can be followed by\nparticles like が, を, の):\n\n> [俺が殴られるどうこう]はもう関係ない。 \n> I'll be beaten, or this, or that...they're no longer relevant.\n>\n> [お前がどうこう]じゃなく俺が決めたんだ。 \n> This is not a you-think-this-or-that kind of problem; _I_ decided it.\n>\n> 彼とどうのこうのの前に自分を磨きなさい。 \n> Before thinking about doing something with him, you must make yourself a\n> better person.\n>\n> (Forgive me if my English translations are unnatural; I'm bad at this type\n> of colloquial sentences)\n\nUnsurprisingly, 動向, 同行 and 同好 are normally written in kanji. These words are\nsimply not used in your examples.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-03T02:06:39.950",
"id": "61941",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-03T16:49:37.147",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-03T16:49:37.147",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61932",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "どうこう, just like どうのこうの are adverbs. \nWhen used in negative sentences, they mean \"anything\".\n\nExamples: \n私がどうこう言える問題ではない。 \nThis is a problem I can't say anything.\n\nそのことについてどうこう言える立場ではない \nI am not in a position to say anything on the matter.\n\nどうこうするうちに事態は悪化した \nIn the meantime, the situation grew more serious.\n\nどうこう【如何斯う】 \n［副］《副詞「どう」に副詞「こう」の付いた語》 \n多く否定表現に用いて、特にそれと定めず、さまざまな行為や事態をひっくるめて指し示す。どうのこうの。とやかく。 \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/155649/meaning/m1u/どうこう/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/155649/meaning/m1u/%E3%81%A9%E3%81%86%E3%81%93%E3%81%86/) \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/どうこう/#je-53009](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E3%81%A9%E3%81%86%E3%81%93%E3%81%86/#je-53009)\n\nどうのこうの: いろいろ言い立てるさま。なんのかの。どうこう。\n\nExamples: \nどうのこうの言ってもはじまらない。 \nNo matter what you say, it will not start.\n\nどうのこうのと うるさく 言うな。 \nStop nagging.\n\nこのことについてはどうのこうの言う権利はない。 \nI have no right to say anything about the matter.\n\n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/どうのこうの/#je-53470](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E3%81%A9%E3%81%86%E3%81%AE%E3%81%93%E3%81%86%E3%81%AE/#je-53470) \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/156614/meaning/m1u/どうのこうの/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/156614/meaning/m1u/%E3%81%A9%E3%81%86%E3%81%AE%E3%81%93%E3%81%86%E3%81%AE/)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-03T14:18:09.643",
"id": "61951",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-03T14:18:09.643",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
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"score": 2
}
] |
61932
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61941
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61941
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61937",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Panel from manga おじょじょじょ by クール教信者\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/eUsQw.jpg)\n\nThe text says:\n\n> 超金持ちの令嬢 地獄巡 春 \n> 高飛車なのが主にキズ\n\nWhat does `キズ` mean here? It does not seem to be 傷 (wound/injury), and since\nit’s katakana I suspect it’s some kind of slang but I did not find anything on\nzokugo-dict...",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T22:57:25.650",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61933",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-04T16:04:40.397",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-04T15:37:06.527",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "3295",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"manga"
],
"title": "Possible meaning of キズ(kizu)",
"view_count": 753
}
|
[
{
"body": "In this case, キズ is part of a set phrase which is 玉にキズ or 玉に傷 (lit. A scratch\non the jewel) which is analogous to the English version _A fly in the\nointment._\n\nThe phrase then means that it's a small annoying something that sours the mood\nof enjoyment or success (similar to how a scratched jewel isn't as beautiful\nas an undamaged one, and is as such a minor annoyance or flaw).\n\nThis might be describing the characteristic of the character with the rest of\nthe phrase at the beginning:\n\n> 高飛車なのが、玉にキズ \n> (Her being) domineering is the \"scratch on the jewel (lit.)\"\n\nA very loose translation that is probably truer to an English tone is:\n\n> She thinks she's on top and that's her (only) flaw.\n\nSpecial thanks to Chocolate and By137 for the point-outs.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-03T00:23:54.733",
"id": "61937",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-04T16:04:40.397",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-04T16:04:40.397",
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{
"body": "玉(たま)に瑕(きず) is a proverb.\n\nそれさえなければ完全であるのに、ほんの少しの欠点があること。 \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/138638/meaning/m0u/玉に瑕/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/138638/meaning/m0u/%E7%8E%89%E3%81%AB%E7%91%95/)\n\n玉 refers to a precious stone. \n瑕 is a flaw, an imperfection.\n\nA precious stone which would otherwise be very valuable and expensive, loses\nmost of its value due to a small imperfection.\n\nAccording to the site below it comes from an ancient Chinese proverb. \n[http://yain.jp/i/玉に瑕](http://yain.jp/i/%E7%8E%89%E3%81%AB%E7%91%95)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-04T15:13:59.590",
"id": "61972",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-04T15:13:59.590",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
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"parent_id": "61933",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61933
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61937
|
61937
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61940",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "> 遅れて来たモテ期！しかし今の俺には無用の長物と化したそれ。\n>\n> My モテ期 sure has been delayed but it's here! Though, right now, this must\n> mean i've changed from my former useless self\n\n * speaker has gotten informed that a bunch of girls have gotten interested in him \n\nwhat does と serve in this sentence, why not から？ It seems to be a bit of a\nstretch of be quotative.\n\nthanks",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T23:15:04.743",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61934",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-04T15:03:07.703",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-02T23:20:30.973",
"last_editor_user_id": "22187",
"owner_user_id": "22187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particle-と"
],
"title": "use of と in 無用の長物と化した",
"view_count": 158
}
|
[
{
"body": "Here と basically acts like に, which is to say he has become a 無用の長物. There's a\nvery good answer regarding this already\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/108/what-is-the-\ndifference-\nbetween-%E3%81%A8%E3%81%AA%E3%82%8B-and-%E3%81%AB%E3%81%AA%E3%82%8B).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-03T01:04:57.210",
"id": "61939",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-03T01:04:57.210",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10045",
"parent_id": "61934",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "「～と[化]{か}する」 means \"change~~\" \"turn into~~\". The と has almost the same\nfunction as 「に」 in 「～に変わる」 or 「～になる」. (For the difference of 「～になる」 and\n「～となる」, see this thread: [What is the difference between 〜 **と** なる and 〜\n**に** なる?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/739/9831)\n\n> しかし［（今の俺には）無用の長物と化した］それ\n\n今の俺には literally means \"for the current me\" \"for what I am now\" (≂ 今の俺にとっては).\n今の俺には無用の長物と化した is a relative clause modifying それ, and それ refers to （遅れて来た）モテ期.\nThis line uses 体言止め (See: [what exactly is\n\"体言止{たいげんど}め\"?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/14524/9831)). So it's\nliterally saying \"But it (= my モテ期, which arrived late) has turned into 無用の長物\nfor the current me.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-03T01:05:21.423",
"id": "61940",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-03T17:00:39.490",
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"score": 3
},
{
"body": "と in this sentence is not quotative.\n\nIf you look at 化す in the dictionary you will see it is used with と. \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/40917/meaning/m0u/かす/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/40917/meaning/m0u/%E3%81%8B%E3%81%99/)\n\nexamples: \n貴重な文化財が火災で灰と化す。 \nDue to fire, an important cultural artefact turns to ashes.\n\nIt can also be used with に \n[https://collocation.hyogen.info/word/化す](https://collocation.hyogen.info/word/%E5%8C%96%E3%81%99)\n\nThere are many other verbs that can be used with と: \n・I regard Jim as my friend. 私はジムを、友人と考えている。 \n・I accepted the report as trustworthy. 私はその報告を、信頼できるものと認めた。 \n・She announced herself to him as his mother. その人は彼に、母親と名乗った。 \n<http://www2.dokkyo.ac.jp/~esemi008/kenkyu/kumagai.html>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-04T14:55:56.203",
"id": "61971",
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"parent_id": "61934",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "61943",
"answer_count": 4,
"body": "Both words mean \"beautiful woman\", but I guess the reason two words exist is\nbecause of some nuance. Am I right ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T23:23:17.707",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61935",
"last_activity_date": "2021-10-14T19:13:03.620",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29500",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words"
],
"title": "What is the difference between 美人 and 佳人?",
"view_count": 344
}
|
[
{
"body": "From super daijirin:\n\n> び-じん [1][0] 【美人】\n>\n> 美しい容貌の女性。美女。麗人。\n>\n> 〔古くは，男子もさした。「玉のやうなる―，…もらひまして聟にいたします/浮世草子・胸算用 2」〕\n\n(Woman of beautiful appearance. In old times, was used for boys too.)\n\n...\n\n> か-じん [1][0] 【佳人】\n>\n> 美しい女の人。\n\n(A beautiful woman)\n\n...\n\nAlso note the small differences between the kanji meanings (from jisho.org):\n\n美: beauty, beautiful\n\n佳: excellent, beautiful, good, pleasing, skilled\n\n...\n\nAlso note the different contexts that show up when you look for example\nsentences:\n\n美人: <https://ejje.weblio.jp/sentence/content/%E7%BE%8E%E4%BA%BA>\n\n佳人: <https://ejje.weblio.jp/sentence/content/%E4%BD%B3%E4%BA%BA>\n\nBy comparing the example sentences, 佳人 seems more poetic and much less common.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-02T23:26:58.843",
"id": "61936",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-02T23:33:57.803",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "25859",
"parent_id": "61935",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "I see no semantic difference, but 佳人 is an uncommon outdated word. On BCCWJ,\nthere are over 2000 instances of 美人 and only 28 instances of 佳人, most of which\nare part of certain old book titles (incl.\n[佳人之奇遇](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BD%B3%E4%BA%BA%E4%B9%8B%E5%A5%87%E9%81%87))\nor idioms (incl.\n[佳人薄命](https://jisho.org/word/%E4%BD%B3%E4%BA%BA%E8%96%84%E5%91%BD)). If you\nsaid 佳人 in casual speech, the listener probably wouldn't even understand it.\nOn the other hand, on [青空文庫検索](https://www.joao-roiz.jp/AOZORA/), there are\nmany instances of 佳人 from novelists of the 19th century. So unless you want to\nwrite something stiff mimicking the writing style of old novelists, you should\nnot use 佳人. (BTW there is also 麗人, which is equally rare)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-03T03:05:14.770",
"id": "61943",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-03T03:17:43.553",
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61935",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 15
},
{
"body": "According to the dictionary, it seems that 佳人 can only refer to a woman, while\n美人 may also refer to a man. \n<https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/40900/meaning/m0u/> \n<https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/286724/meaning/m0u/>",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-03T15:17:42.553",
"id": "61955",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-03T15:17:42.553",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61935",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
},
{
"body": "Not a native language speaker, but I've seen a phrase in a Chinese historical\nromance (set in ancient times) that went something like this: meiren (美人) is\neasy to find, jiaren (佳人) is difficult to seek. Which in this context I\ninterpreted as meiren referring to outer, superficial beauty--i.e. anyone who\nis very very pretty suffices to be called it. Whereas jiaren requires beauty\nat a deeper level--i.e. someone who is not beautiful merely in that skin-deep\nsense.\n\nI think the difference in nuance might be of relevance only in an ancient\nsetting, when language was much more complex, and more laden with subtle and\nhidden meanings. In modern novels, I've rarely if ever seen jiaren be used;\nand if it were used, it would probably be used interchangeably with meiren,\nmore or less.\n\nThat's my two cents.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2021-10-14T19:01:26.080",
"id": "90740",
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"score": 0
}
] |
61935
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61943
|
61943
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61942",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm in a situation where one person left the company so I will work as his\nreplacement. I am new to the place so I want to tell the client through mail\nand orally that \"I will work instead of / in replacement of XYZ Person\". I\nhave found something like \"後任\". But how do I use this word? Please guide me.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-03T00:37:15.597",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61938",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-03T07:01:42.917",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-03T07:01:42.917",
"last_editor_user_id": "17571",
"owner_user_id": "30591",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"phrase-requests",
"business-japanese"
],
"title": "Want to say something like \"I will work here in the replacement of XYZ-さん\"",
"view_count": 130
}
|
[
{
"body": "後任 (\"successor\") refers to _a person_ (i.e., a noun). So the simplest usage of\nthis word is 私は彼の後任です, although this may look a little too blunt. Instead, you\ncan say something like\n来月よりXYZさんの後任[として](https://japanesetest4you.com/flashcard/learn-\njlpt-n3-grammar-%E3%81%A8%E3%81%97%E3%81%A6-toshite/)勤務致します.\n\n～の代わりに is a very handy set phrase meaning \"in place of ～\" or \"instead of ～\",\nand you can say XYZさんの代わりに勤務致します. But this may imply your predecessor was\nsomehow problematic. If he suddenly left the company and everyone else was\nannoyed, saying XYZさんの代わりに is natural. Otherwise, probably 後任として is the safer\nchoice.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-03T02:52:05.223",
"id": "61942",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-03T02:52:05.223",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61938",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
61938
|
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|
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|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61947",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "It is a \"simple\" sentence, but I can't find any information how I should parse\nand interpret this part.\n\n> これでも用心深い **ほうなんで** ね。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-03T08:03:11.603",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61945",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-04T03:02:51.433",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30982",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"parsing"
],
"title": "Meaning of ほうなんで?",
"view_count": 423
}
|
[
{
"body": "Do you already know how to make a comparison using ほう and より in Japanese? If\nnot, please learn it first.\n\n * [Japanese Grammar – Making Comparisons](http://www.punipunijapan.com/yori-hou-ga/)\n * [Japanese Comparison: より, …の方が, and …で一番](https://www.wasabi-jpn.com/japanese-grammar/japanese-comparison/)\n\nThe sentence in question is an extension of this. While there is no explicit\ncomparison target marked with ～より, this ほう still means \"comparatively\" or\n\"relatively\".\n\n> これでも用心深いほうなんでね。 \n> Despite my appearance, (if one has to categorize me either as a cautious or\n> as a careless person,) I'm comparatively a cautious person, you know. \n> I'm a more cautious person than I may look, you know.\n\nこれでも (literally \"even with this\") is a set phrase, \"although you may think\notherwise\" or \"although I may not look like it\".\n\nSimilar examples:\n\n> * このケーキは甘いほうだ。 This cake is relatively sweet.\n> * 私はよく寝るほうです。 I'm relatively a good sleeper.\n> * あまりテレビは見ないほうです。 I'm not a kind of person who watches TV often.\n>\n\nRelated:\n\n * [What does the word「あるほうで」 mean?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/23883/5010)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-03T08:38:57.980",
"id": "61947",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-04T03:02:51.433",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-04T03:02:51.433",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61945",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "方(ほう) is used to make comparisons.\n\n用心深いほう means \"the more cautious one\".\n\nExamples from\n[プログレッシブ和英中辞典](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E6%96%B9/#je-68957): \n\n> 4 〔比べられる物の一方〕a side; a part\n>\n> その小さい方をください \n> Give me the smaller one.\n>\n> 私の方の手落ちでした \n> The fault was mine.\n>\n> 彼の方に不服はなかった \n> There was no dissatisfaction on his part.\n>\n> 私たちは皆彼の方についた \n> All of us sided with him.\n>\n> 生活は今の方が前より楽だ \n> I am better off than I used to be.\n\nand from\n[デジタル大辞泉](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/200925/meaning/m1u/%E6%96%B9/):\n\n> ３ 二つ以上あるもののうちの一つをとりあげてさす語。 \n> 「黒い方が好きだ」 \n> 「もっと味を濃くした方がいい」 \n> 「こちらの方が悪かった」 \n>",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-03T15:02:22.000",
"id": "61954",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-03T16:22:32.523",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-03T16:22:32.523",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61945",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
61945
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|
61947
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61952",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In Japanese, what is the difference between \"Doko de benkyou shiteiru no desu\nka?\" (どこ で べんきょう している の です か?) and \"Doko de benkyou benkyo shiteimasu ka?\" (どこ\nで べんきょう べんきょ していますか?)\n\nHow does the different structure change the meaning? Please explain with\nreference to the two sentences.\n\nPlease note, I am still learning kana so please accept my apologies if there\nare errors in it. I am more interested in the meaning.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-03T13:34:49.283",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61950",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-03T16:48:10.273",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-03T16:48:10.273",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9537",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-の"
],
"title": "What is the difference between \"Doko de benkyou shiteiru no desu ka?\" and \"Doko de benkyou benkyo shiteimasu ka?\"",
"view_count": 1545
}
|
[
{
"body": "According to \"A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar\", page 325: \nのだ: a sentence ending which indicates that the speaker is explaining or asking\nfor an explanation about some information shared with the hearer, or is\ntalking about something emotively. \nThe information is often what the speaker and the hearer have observed or\nheard.\n\nどこで勉強しているのですか。 \nWhere are you studying? \n(The speaker already knows the hearer is studying and wants an explanation)\n\nどこで勉強していますか。 \nWhere are you studying? \n(The speaker assumes the hearer is studying)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-03T14:45:08.687",
"id": "61952",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-03T14:45:08.687",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61950",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61950
|
61952
|
61952
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I already know that 円い 「まるい」 means circular, but I am watching a hundred of\ntimes 丸い, and I think it's also pronounced まるい.\n\nCould you give me some examples of both 丸い and 円い？\n\nAlso, are both exchangeable in all senteces?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-03T15:32:39.470",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61956",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-03T15:32:39.470",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31134",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What's the difference between 円い and 丸い?",
"view_count": 70
}
|
[] |
61956
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61964",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I learned about がる from two different native teachers and both explained it\ndifferently. The first one said that がる is seemed/looks like someone wants\nsomething\n\n> 猫が欲しがってる \n> The cat seems to want it\n>\n> 僕たちは何もかもを欲しがった \n> We act like we wanted anything (and everything)\n\nThe other one said it is not \"seems\" it more like, \"tendency to do X\" and that\nwe don't have a similar concept in English.\n\n> 父親はタバコをよく吸いたがった \n> My father had the tendency to smoke a lot.\n\nSo I want to ask, which explain is the right one? Are they both right?\n\nThanks. Or",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-03T19:29:36.127",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61957",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-04T14:06:57.247",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-03T19:56:20.843",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "31456",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning"
],
"title": "need help to understand がる/ がっている",
"view_count": 203
}
|
[
{
"body": "Reading OP's comment, I've got an impression that translating がる into \"seems\nto\" is misleading after all. The point is not how s/he looks but what s/he\ndoes.\n\nTo be honest, it's not easy for me to grasp がる comprehensively. So, let me\nexplain with some examples.\n\nWhen you say 寒がる, what it essentially indicates is not how s/he looks but the\nfact that s/he shivers with cold or so. You may be able to conclude that s/he\nseems feeling a chill, but that's a secondary thing.\n\nWhen it comes to 欲しがる, it means, in short, to try to get something. 猫が欲しがってる\nessentially expresses how s/he is asking for something in somewhat way, which\nis also a minor yet significant difference between 欲しいと思っている, which is exactly\nto want.\n\nWhen you use it for one's habit, you could translate it into \"tendency\" or\nsomething.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-04T12:09:54.383",
"id": "61964",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-04T12:09:54.383",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "61957",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61957
|
61964
|
61964
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61959",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "In the following sentence:\n\n> 誰｛だれ｝探｛さが｝してんの\n\nWhat is the grammatical reason for 探｛さが｝す to be used in て-form **before ん**?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-03T19:54:08.840",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61958",
"last_activity_date": "2022-05-12T23:33:21.407",
"last_edit_date": "2020-07-19T00:57:57.820",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "30049",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 17,
"tags": [
"colloquial-language",
"contractions"
],
"title": "Why is the て-form being used before ん？",
"view_count": 1488
}
|
[
{
"body": "誰探して **ん** の is a contracted form of 誰探して **る** の, which in turn is a\ncontracted form of 誰(を)探して **いる** の (\"Who are you looking for?\", notice the\nprogressive form). More generally:\n\n * ている contracts to てる. (See [this chart](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/18157/%E3%81%A6%E3%81%8A%E3%81%8F-%E3%81%A8%E3%81%8F-for-preparation-conjugation-and-nuance/18159#18159))\n * **`/r/ + vowel` before a /n/ consonant can turn into ん** in casual speech. (Do not confuse this ん as explanatory-の.)\n\nExamples:\n\n * わか **ら** ない。 → わか **ん** ない。 \nwaka **ra** nai → waka **n'** nai\n\n * 見て **る** の。 → 見て **ん** の。 \nmite **ru** no → mite **n'** no\n\n * 寝 **る** なよ。 → 寝 **ん** なよ。 \nne **ru** nayo → ne **n'** nayo\n\n * しゃべ **り** なさい。 → しゃべ **ん** なさい。 \nshabe **ri** nasai → shabe **n'** nasai\n\n * 食べら **れ** ないよ。 → 食べら **ん** ないよ。 \ntabera **re** naiyo → tabera **n'** naiyo\n\nRelated:\n\n * [What are the rules for substituting の with ん?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/5780/5010)\n * [わからない vs わかね in My Boss My Hero](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/13069/5010)\n * [Readings of「乗んなかった」 and 「また来なね」](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/38205/5010)\n * [What is やってけんのかな？](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/29867/5010)\n\n**EDIT:** By extension, るんだ/るんじゃ can contract to んだ/んじゃ (informal and slangy).\n\n * 何して **るん** だ。 → ×何してんんだ。 → 何して **ん** だ。\n * 面白くな **るん** だよ。 → ×面白くなんんだよ。 → 面白くな **ん** だよ。\n * 見 **るん** じゃねえ。 → ×見んんじゃねえ。 → 見 **ん** じゃねえ。",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-03T20:18:26.623",
"id": "61959",
"last_activity_date": "2022-05-12T23:33:21.407",
"last_edit_date": "2022-05-12T23:33:21.407",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61958",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 26
},
{
"body": "According to the site below, it is the dialect of Osaka. \n[https://www.weblio.jp/content/てん?edc=OSAKA](https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%A6%E3%82%93?edc=OSAKA)\n\nExamples:\n\nOsaka: なにしてん \nTokyo: なにをしているの\n\nOsaka: なにしとん \nTokyo: なにをしておるの",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-04T14:36:20.377",
"id": "61970",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-04T14:36:20.377",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61958",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -2
}
] |
61958
|
61959
|
61959
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61962",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> 恥ずかしそうに戸惑いながらも、彼女は快楽の波を声に出して逃すのに忙しそうだ。\n\nThough she is bewildered in shame, (and though??) her waves of pleasure escape\nin her voice, she seems flustered.\n\ni'm not sure if this is only because using though b2b is strange in English,\nbut there is a certain logical disconnect here.\n\nThank you for any clarification.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-03T22:20:50.970",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61961",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-04T14:30:37.690",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-03T23:22:59.990",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "22187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"parsing"
],
"title": "ながらも followed up by のに",
"view_count": 139
}
|
[
{
"body": "In this case, the 「のに」 is about the 「声に出して逃がす」. The role that 「の」 plays here\nis the same as 「こと」.\n\n> Example:食べるのに夢中である = 食べることに夢中である\n\nSo, to translate your example:\n\n> 恥ずかしそうに戸惑いながらも、彼女は快楽の波を声に出して逃すのに忙しそうだ。\n>\n> Even though she is hesitant from embarrassment, she seems busy letting\n> escape vocalizations of the waves of pleasure\n\n*Naruto pointed out that the 「逃がす」 in this example is transitive and therefore my initial translation was incorrect. I have corrected the translation to reflect the correction.\n\n*It should be noted that my translation is still not 100% accurate, grammar-wise. What is being let escape is not 「声」, but 「快楽の波」. 「声」 is simply the method by which the escape is being let happen. I worded it this way because it sounds more natural, but the exact translation would be as worded by naruto in the comment below.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-04T01:27:31.077",
"id": "61962",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-04T03:02:01.160",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-04T03:02:01.160",
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"score": 4
},
{
"body": "What is this? Porn?\n\n恥ずかしそうに戸惑いながらも、彼女は快楽の波を声に出して逃すのに忙しそうだ。 \nEven though she was embarrassed, she looked too busy letting out loud waves of\npleasure.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-04T14:26:52.913",
"id": "61969",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-04T14:30:37.690",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-04T14:30:37.690",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61961",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
61961
|
61962
|
61962
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 寄せかえる波を見ていた 母の遠いまなざし\n\nI'm used to sentences ending in a verb so I assume it could be translated as\n\"Was watching the waves surge back\". My mother's distant gaze.\" as separate\nphrases.\n\nAm I right to say \"My mother’s distant gaze was watching the waves surge\nback.\"\n\nSimilarly,\n\n> 幼い私は 強く強く握った\n>\n> 顔をしかめて 母が力なく言う 「痛いよ」\n\n\"The childish me grabbed strongly. My mother frowned and said without\nstrength, 'It hurts'\"\n\nI think that's incorrect as I'm unsure of 'who's doing what'.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-04T11:06:17.313",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61963",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-04T14:33:38.120",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "31461",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"syntax",
"song-lyrics"
],
"title": "Assistance with translation in some lyrics",
"view_count": 96
}
|
[
{
"body": "寄せかえる波を見ていた 母の遠いまなざし \nThe distant gaze of my mother, who was watching the waves surge back.\n\n幼い私 literally means \"young I\". \nIt refers to the speaker when he was a child.\n\nSo the translation becomes: \n幼い私は 強く強く握った \nAs a child, I would grab strongly.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-04T14:22:22.137",
"id": "61968",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-04T14:22:22.137",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61963",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61963
| null |
61968
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61967",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "My grammar book states that である is used as copula in the written form to\nexpress ideas in a neutral fashion and that だ is also used in the written form\nto, quote, \"sound more objective\". But doesn't \"sound more objective\" =\nneutral point of view?\n\nSo, what are the different usages of である and だ in the written form?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-04T14:01:08.997",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61965",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-04T14:28:48.130",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-04T14:28:48.130",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "26043",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"copula"
],
"title": "Difference between である and だ in the written form",
"view_count": 240
}
|
[
{
"body": "According to [\"A Dictionary of Intermediate Japanese Grammar\", page\n32](https://japbase.neocities.org/intermediate/Intermediate%E3%81%A7%E3%81%82%E3%82%8B.png):\n\n> The plain forms are used in formal writing, for example, in professional\n> articles and editorials. Although である style is more formal than だ style, the\n> two styles are ofter used together.\n\nSo, である is more formal than だ.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-04T14:12:56.167",
"id": "61967",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-04T14:27:40.310",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-04T14:27:40.310",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61965",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61965
|
61967
|
61967
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I generally understand that proper Japanese uses Hiragana and Katakana is for\nslang/foreign words. Given that, my first name is super American but my last\nname is Japanese. Would I then make my first name Katakana and last name\nHiragana?\n\n(I haven't touched Kanji yet, so let's just stick to those two for now!)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-04T19:47:43.607",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61973",
"last_activity_date": "2018-11-04T12:00:44.430",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31465",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"orthography",
"names"
],
"title": "How should I write my name with an American first name and Japanese last name?",
"view_count": 1624
}
|
[
{
"body": "If you live in Japan, I think it would depend on your nationality.\n\nIf you are a Japanese national, then you may use the Kanji surname in\n**official** documents because that is how it's supposed to be recorded in\nyour Family Register (called 戸籍{こせき}), _unless_ for some reason it was\npurposedly registered in Katakana, which is kinda strange if one of your\nparents is Japanese.\n\nIf you are a non-Japanese national, it has to be in Katakana in **official**\ndocuments. If you still want to use Kanji, you may after you register a legal\nalias (called 通称名{つうしょうめい}) in the municipality that you live in, but there\ncould be limitations to its usage.\n\nFor **non-official** documents, I don't think it will be a big issue if you\nuse Kanji, but then it might be confusing later on to remember which name you\nused where.\n\nI tried to look for official (Japanese Government) sources in English but\ncouldn't find any. You can get more information from below references:\n\n 1. <https://www.japan-guide.com/forum/quereadisplay.html?0+162645>\n 2. [As a foreigner with a Japanese name, what are the implications of writing my name in katakana or kanji?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/29473/as-a-foreigner-with-a-japanese-name-what-are-the-implications-of-writing-my-nam)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-05T01:54:34.563",
"id": "61976",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-05T01:54:34.563",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30554",
"parent_id": "61973",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "Foreigners's names are usually written in katakana, even when their names are\nbased in Japanese.\n\nFor example, Michio Kaku is a Japanese-American with a full Japanese name, and\nyet his name is usually written in katakana. \n[https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ミチオ・カク](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%83%81%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AB%E3%82%AF)\n\nOther examples: \n[https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/日系アメリカ人の一覧](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E7%B3%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E4%BA%BA%E3%81%AE%E4%B8%80%E8%A6%A7)\n\nBut if you are living or wants to live in Japan you can adopt a 通称名, a name to\nbe used inside Japan. \nThen you can adopt a name in kanji, if you want to. You can for example change\nHiga to the original kanji name.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-05T11:56:44.437",
"id": "61979",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-05T11:56:44.437",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61973",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
61973
| null |
61979
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I want to be able to say \"my major is philosophy\" and so I looked up the word\nfor philosophy, but I'm not sure if it would be correct use the same word when\ntalking about it as a major in college?\n\nIn other words, would this be correct?\n\n私は専攻が哲学です。 【わたしはせんこうがてつがくです。】\n\nThank you!!\n\nありがとうございます！",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-04T22:51:55.883",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61974",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-05T17:21:20.550",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31466",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"translation",
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Is 哲学【てつがく】 the correct word to use when talking about Philosophy in regards to the Major?",
"view_count": 375
}
|
[
{
"body": "Yes, 哲学 is the correct word for philosophy (the subject) in Japanese.\n\nThe word 哲学 was basically invented in the 19th century for this very purpose\nand popularized by Nishi Amane ([journal source here](http://philosophy-\njapan.org/wpdata/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Tetsugaku_Vol1_12.Kanayama.pdf),\n[wiki](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6)).\n\nIn Japanese, philosophy is sometimes applied by extension to non-Western\nthinkers, but if someone wants to avoid calling non-Western things philosophy,\nthen [思想]{しそう} is often used instead.\n\nPut another way, 哲学 is exactly the right word for Western philosophy, because\nit is a word that was created precisely to translate the term philosophy.\n\nAs naruto explained to me, your sentence is a natural way of stating your\nmajor:\n\n> 私は専攻が哲学です\n>\n> 私は哲学が専攻です\n\nIn addition, you could use:\n\n> 私の[専攻]{せんこう}は[哲学]{てつがく}.\n\nor in many contexts,\n\n> [哲学]{てつがく}[専攻]{せんこう}です.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-04T23:01:13.717",
"id": "61975",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-05T17:21:20.550",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "4091",
"parent_id": "61974",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
] |
61974
| null |
61975
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61980",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Is it based on the particle connecting the object of the verb?\n\nFor example,\n\n> **に/へ** 伺う\n>\n> to go\n\nvs\n\n> **を** 伺う\n>\n> to ask\n\nIs it **purely** based on the **context** of the sentence for distinguishing\nbetween `to go`, `to come`, and `to visit`\n([source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honorific_speech_in_Japanese#Respectful_verbs))?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-05T07:37:04.913",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61978",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-05T12:30:59.897",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "26635",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"nuances",
"verbs",
"keigo"
],
"title": "How can one determine the appropriate meaning of 伺う in formal speech?",
"view_count": 113
}
|
[
{
"body": "According to the dictionary, the word 伺う has 5 possible meanings, many of them\nusing を. \nSo you have to look at the context to find the right meaning. \nLooking only at the particle may not be enough. Some sentences may not even\nhave a particle. \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/伺う/#je-5174](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E4%BC%BA%E3%81%86/#je-5174) \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/18016/meaning/m0u/伺う/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/18016/meaning/m0u/%E4%BC%BA%E3%81%86/) \n<https://kotobank.jp/word/%E4%BC%BA%E3%81%86-439046>\n\nBut if you have: \nsomeplaceへ伺う \nit will most certainly be \"to visit\".",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-05T12:30:59.897",
"id": "61980",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-05T12:30:59.897",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61978",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61978
|
61980
|
61980
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "I am studying Japanese オノマトペ and I came across two that are very similar. The\ndefinitions I found online, and the examples sentences in the book don't\nalign, so I am confused about the 使い方。\n\nOn [this website](https://ganbarustars.info/nandemo/archives/69), they say\nthat へとへと describes a more exhausted condition than くたくた. They describe へとへと\nas \"so tired that you can't get off the floor\" and くたくた as \"Tired, but if you\nrest for a while, you will be good again\", but, in the JLPT book that I am\nstudying from, the example sentences make it sound like the difference is\nbetween physical exhaustion and mental exhaustion.\n\n * くたくた：\n\n> 六時間も山道を登ってきたので、くたくただ。\n\n * へとへと：\n\n> 六時間連続で試験を受けて、もうへとへとだ。\n\nSo what actually is the difference?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-05T14:13:29.293",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61982",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-08T17:56:42.827",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "29183",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 10,
"tags": [
"words",
"nuances",
"onomatopoeia"
],
"title": "The difference between へとへと and くたくた",
"view_count": 459
}
|
[
{
"body": "According to the corpus provided by The National Institute for Japanese\nLanguage and Linguistics, contrary to the examples in the original question,\nthere seem to be plenty of examples of both くたくた referring to mental\nexhaustion and へとへと referring to physical exhaustion.\n\n[くたくた mental exhaustion:](http://nlb.ninjal.ac.jp/headword/AN.00766/#SS6)\n\n * 周辺の人も屈託に巻き込まれて **くたくた** になる。\n * そのうち、旦那さんのほうもうすうすガンだと気づいていながら、奥さんを気づかって知らないふりをする。 そのあげく、双方で余計な疲れ方をして、 **くたくた** になっちゃうというケース。\n * 寝る前の飲み物を控えても、近頃では毎朝おねしょとなり、毎日の寝具の洗濯で **クタクタ** になってきて、ノイローゼになりそうです。\n\n[へとへと physical exhaustion:](http://nlb.ninjal.ac.jp/headword/AN.00988/#SS171)\n\n * 不忍池を歩き尽くして、 **へとへと** になって澤の屋に戻ってきた。\n * それでも私たちは **へとへと** になりながら、ようやく頂上に這い上がった。\n * 二日続きの徒歩旅行のため、波止浜・大井・菊間まで来ると、 **ヘトヘト** になって動かなくなる者も出て、船で帰る者もいた。\n\nBased on looking through most of the examples though, it indeed appears that\nへとへと is used more frequently to indicate mental exhaustion like in the\nexamples in the original question. Maybe it's because that's considered the\nmore severe form of exhaustion.\n\nIt should also be noted that くたくた can refer to things other than exhaustion.\nFor example in cooking:\n\n> * 物の形がくずれるほどによく煮るさま。また、そのときの音を表す語。ぐたぐた。ぐつぐつ。 「 －と煮込む」\n>\n> * 物が、細かくなってしまうさま。ずたずた。こなごな。 「背骨を打ち切りて、－となしつ／宇治拾遺 12」\n>\n> * からだがひどく疲れて力が抜けたさま。 「一日歩いて－だ」 ② 服などの形がくずれたさま。 「雨にぬれて－になった洋服」\n>\n>\n\n>\n> [Source](https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%8F%E3%81%9F%E3%81%8F%E3%81%9F)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-05T17:41:58.350",
"id": "61983",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-05T19:19:55.893",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
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"owner_user_id": "10045",
"parent_id": "61982",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "I discussed this with a native speaker and we came to the following conclusion\n— this is only intended as a point of reference and may be \"just another\ntheory\".\n\n**へとへと** is usually used for yourself and can refer to both mental and\nphysical exhaustion, but seems to be mainly **subjective**.\n\n**くたくた** seems to refer to a **change of state**. For example, it has been\nmentioned that くたくた can also be used in cooking and りんごをくたくたになるまで煮てください means\nto simmer the apple until it loses its \"crunch/snap\" and becomes soft.\n\nNote that くたくた seems to be derived(?) from the verb くたびれる and the translations\nof being \"worn out\" or \"bashed up\" seem to aptly describe the \"change of\nstate\" we conjecture.\n\nWhen expressing that you yourself are exhausted, you might use へとへと to say you\nhave no more \"energy\", whereas you might use くたくた to refer to a change of\nstate, such as sore muscles or sore joints (e.g. from walking all day). That\nsaid you might also use くたくた for the change of state from \"having energy\" to\n\"having no energy\", so there would be some overlap — conversely, へとへと could be\nused to emphasize that you _feel_ exhausted, because of sore muscles/joints,\nbut I would still say that へとへと is more about your subjective feeling than\nabout something tangible.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-06T16:38:54.053",
"id": "61997",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-06T16:38:54.053",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "1628",
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},
{
"body": "I think both Ringil's and Earthliŋ's answers above are good. I offer this as\nan additional perspective.\n\nLooking at where words come from, and what other words they are related to and\nassociated with, helps place an individual term within the web of vocabulary.\nAs such, we might find hints at the shades of meaning in the derivations and\nrelated terms of both words.\n\n### へとへと\n\nAppears to be derivationally onomatopoeia, based on the sound of someone\nbreathing hard. Its sound-shape is also quite close to 辺【へた】 or 端【へた】,\nalternative reading へち, with a basic meaning of \"edge\", potentially alluding\nto the limit of one's energy or abilities.\n\n### くたくた\n\nRelated to 草臥【くたび】れる \"to become exhausted; to wear out\", with the underlying\nroot apparently _kut-_ , as also seen in verbs 腐【くた】す \"to cause to wear out,\nbreak down, or rot\", and 朽【く】ちる \"to rot and deform; to break down\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-08T17:56:42.827",
"id": "62050",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "61982",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61982
| null |
61983
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61989",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> ここでは毎日味の感想も聞けるしな。特にアリスは、どんなメシでも笑顔で食べるから作りがいがある。\n>\n> mc that does all the cooking, talks about cooking while cooking\n>\n> Maybe it's because everyday i get feedback about my cooking from all of you.\n> particularly Alice, no matter what it is, because she eat it with a smile, I\n> ... 作りがいがある。\n\n味の感想も聞けるしな =\n味の感想+[「詠嘆のモ」](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/32886/odd-use-\nof-%E3%82%82-has-me-stumped)+聞ける+し(cause)+な(かな。。?) ?\n\n作りがいがある = i'm not sure\n\nThanks in advance",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-05T23:07:31.253",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61987",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-06T15:00:10.013",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-06T15:00:10.013",
"last_editor_user_id": "10045",
"owner_user_id": "22187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"parsing",
"particle-も"
],
"title": "use 味の感想も聞けるしな and 作りがいがある in this sentence",
"view_count": 138
}
|
[
{
"body": "Actually I think there the も is the standard 'also'. This is because that\nclause ends with 聞けるしな, which is 聞ける + し + な, where the ~し describe a list of\nreasons for something and the な is just a masculine sentence ending particle.\nHere's a related question: [しな at the end of a\nsentence](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/19287/%E3%81%97%E3%81%AA-\nat-the-end-of-a-sentence)\n\n作りがいがある = 作り+甲斐{かい}がある. The second part just means `something worth doing`. So\nhere, it means making the food is something worth doing.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-06T00:44:13.713",
"id": "61989",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-06T00:44:13.713",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10045",
"parent_id": "61987",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "作りがいがある \nIt is written in hiragana, so it may be difficult to understand \nBut in kanji it is like this: \n作り甲斐がある。 \n甲斐 can be used as a suffix to mean \"worth of\" \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/甲斐/#je-9641](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E7%94%B2%E6%96%90/#je-9641) \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/35252/meaning/m1u/甲斐/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/35252/meaning/m1u/%E7%94%B2%E6%96%90/) \nSo 作り甲斐がある means \"it is worth making\", \"I have pleasure making\".\n\n味の感想も聞けるし \n\"And I can also listen to opinions about the taste\" \nThe し at the end of the sentence simply means \"and\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-06T03:11:15.963",
"id": "61990",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-06T03:11:15.963",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61987",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61987
|
61989
|
61989
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61994",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The number of hiragana to write the pronunciation of kanji always seems to be\nlonger than or equal to the number of kanji. I.e. each kanji corresponds to\none or more hiragana.\n\nAre there any words that take up more characters (or maybe more syllables)\nwhen written as kanji rather than hiragana/katakana? Where multiple kanji\ncorrespond to fewer hiragana or syllables?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-06T08:59:38.120",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61993",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-06T15:19:01.123",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31478",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 14,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "Are there any words that are longer in kanji than in hiragana?",
"view_count": 1462
}
|
[
{
"body": "Yes, [熟字訓](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/24513/5010) words have no\ndirect connection between its kanji spelling and its reading, and a few of\nthem are actually longer in kanji than in kana, but these kanji are rare and\nnot actively used in modern Japanese exchanges.\n\n * [再従兄弟](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%81%AF%E3%81%A8%E3%81%93) はとこ (second cousin; usually written in kana)\n * [百舌鳥](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A2%E3%82%BA) もず (bull-headed shrike; usually written in kana)\n * [香具師](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E5%85%B7%E5%B8%AB) やし (a type of old-time street performer; obsolete word)\n\n[Here](https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q14155221379)\nare some more examples. I haven’t checked all of them, but most of them are\nvery rare.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-06T09:13:20.577",
"id": "61994",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-06T15:19:01.123",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-06T15:19:01.123",
"last_editor_user_id": "19357",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61993",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 19
}
] |
61993
|
61994
|
61994
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "62091",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "> **未曽有の被害をもたらした７月の西日本豪雨災害** 。その災害から私たちを守ってくれるはずの避難所で、命の危険を感じて被災した自宅に\n> **引き返した**\n> 人たちがいます。「食物アレルギー」がある人や、アレルギーのある家族がいる人たちです。避難所にアレルギーに対応した食品がなかったため、避難所にとどまることができなかったのです。災害大国とも呼ばれる日本で、なぜ教訓が生かされないのか？被災地の１つ、広島県の自治体を通して見えてきた課題を取材しました。([source](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/web_tokushu/2018_1004.html?utm_int=tokushu-\n> new_contents_list-items_003))\n\n未曽有の被害をもたらした７月の西日本豪雨災害 means that ７月の西日本豪雨 is a disaster that has caused\nunprecedented damages but I don't understand if we only talk about heavy rains\nor all types of disasters(for the damage comparison), if it's unprecedented in\ncomparison to other heavy rains/disasters in western Japan, in Japan, or in\nthe world?\n\nAlso, I don't know what is the (omitted)object of the verb 引き返す(the verb\nappears as transitive on\n[jisho](https://jisho.org/word/%E5%BC%95%E3%81%8D%E8%BF%94%E3%81%99))?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-06T17:02:52.167",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61998",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-11T05:00:01.590",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25980",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"reading-comprehension"
],
"title": "Trouble with this sentence: 未曽有の被害をもたらした７月の西日本豪雨災害",
"view_count": 148
}
|
[
{
"body": "未曽有の被害をもたらした７月の西日本豪雨災害 \nFair question. The sentence is ambiguous. There is no way to know what it is\ncomparing to. \nBut it can't be about all kinds of disasters, because there have been much\nworse disasters in the past. \nSo the sentence is most certainly referring only to heavy rains in Japan.\n\nAccording to the dictionary ひきかえす has several meanings, but one of them is \"to\nreturn\". \nひきかえす【引（き）返す】進んできた道をもとへ戻る。ひっかえす。 \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/183678/meaning/m0u/引返す/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/183678/meaning/m0u/%E5%BC%95%E8%BF%94%E3%81%99/)\n\nSo it can intransitive.\n\n自宅に引き返した人 means \"people who returned to their homes\".",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T01:52:45.477",
"id": "62009",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-07T01:52:45.477",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61998",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "西日本豪雨災害 is the name of a disaster that happened this July in Western Japan.\nThe Japan Meteorological Agency decides the name if a natural disaster caused\nserious damage. The naming rule is 'Year + Month + Area + Type Of Disaster'.\nYou can omit the year and month if it happened quite recently. When the JMA\nmentions a disaster as 'unprecedented', it is so compared to other disasters\nthat have been observed in Japan.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-10T04:14:41.200",
"id": "62088",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-11T05:00:01.590",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-11T05:00:01.590",
"last_editor_user_id": "18949",
"owner_user_id": "18949",
"parent_id": "61998",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "未曽有の is a fixed no-adjective that literally means \"unparalleled in history\" or\n\"unprecedented\", but it's merely a [Buddhism-\norigin](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/39537/5010) fixed phrase and not\na technical term. (character-wise, 未 = not-yet, [曽 = in the\npast](https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E6%9B%BD%E3%81%A6), 有 = exist.) You\nshould not take it too seriously and wonder what is compared with it.\n\nIf you are interested in the actual fact, [2018 Western Japan\nFlood](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_Japan_floods) is the deadliest one\ncaused by rain in the last 36 years in Japan (after [Nagasaki Flood in\n1982](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E5%B4%8E%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%B4%E5%AE%B3),\nwhich not many people remember), but of course there are [several deadlier\nfloods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_deadliest_floods) happened in\nthis period in the world. This is the worst natural disaster that happened in\nJapan after [Tohoku Earthquake in\n2011](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_T%C5%8Dhoku_earthquake_and_tsunami),\nwhich everyone still remembers. Taking these facts into consideration, we can\nsay this 未曾有 is used in the sense of \"worst one caused by rain in the last few\ndecades in Japan\", but this does not mean 未曾有 itself has such a specific\ndefinition.\n\n引き返す meaning \"to head back\" is an intransitive verb. While the transitivity of\na compound verb tends to be determined by the second verb, there are always\nexceptions, and jisho.org made a mistake. (They make tons of mistakes\nregarding word class...)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-10T05:06:07.833",
"id": "62091",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-10T05:30:17.993",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-10T05:30:17.993",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61998",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61998
|
62091
|
62091
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Context: One of the antagonists comes into the room and they talk with one of\nthe other characters for a while. As the antagonist turns around and is about\nto leave, one of the other characters takes out their sword and tries to\nattack her. She uses her magic to reflect the attack and they are sent flying\nacross the room and then she responds with:\n\n> 切りかかるなら初手だったね\n\nIs she saying that if he was going to try and attack her, he should have done\nit at the start or does this mean something else?\n\nThanks.\n\nEdit: If it is of any help [here is a link to a video which contains the\nscene](https://youtu.be/AVUgj8Aq1f0?t=620). The scene is from the 10:20 point\nto 10:50. This video contains spoilers for the game ルフランの地下迷宮と魔女ノ旅団.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-06T18:23:54.080",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61999",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-07T00:41:37.237",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-07T00:06:22.783",
"last_editor_user_id": "19357",
"owner_user_id": "31485",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of 切りかかるなら初手だったね",
"view_count": 77
}
|
[
{
"body": "Your understanding is correct. \"(Your attack) must have been at the beginning\n(before I noticed it)\". 初手 primarily means \"the first move\" in a game like\nchess, go, shogi.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T00:41:37.237",
"id": "62005",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-07T00:41:37.237",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61999",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61999
| null |
62005
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "62002",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "So I found this sentence\n\n```\n\n 彼は彼女の写真をびりびりに破いた\n \n```\n\nLooking at jisho, びりびり got translate as torn (adj) and 破く to tear (v). Its the\nfirst time I'm seeing both of these words but I don't understand why it is\nwritten like that. Do I need びりびり with 破く to say that I have torn something if\nI can just use the verb 破く.\n\nIs it simply a way of speech?\n\nThanks, Or",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-06T19:38:20.850",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62000",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-07T02:04:52.423",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-07T02:04:52.423",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "31456",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"onomatopoeia"
],
"title": "びりびりに破いた - why they come together",
"view_count": 108
}
|
[
{
"body": "As you can probably guess by its appearance, びりびり is an\n[onomatopoeia](https://www.tofugu.com/japanese/japanese-onomatopoeia/) that\ndescribes how a sheet of paper is torn to pieces. In other words, it's the\nsound of paper being torn apart. This びりびりに before 破く is optional, but with\nit, the sentence sounds more emphatic or vivid. In English, something like\n\"into pieces\" would be the closest translation of びりびりに.\n\nBy the way, びりびり is basically an adverb, and it almost never works as a na-\nadjective. I often see jisho.org making mistakes regarding word class...\n\nSee also: [Why are there so many sound symbolic\nwords?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/5298/5010)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-06T20:49:38.793",
"id": "62002",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-06T20:54:49.647",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-06T20:54:49.647",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "62000",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "びりびり is an adverb and refers to the sound of paper being torn. \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/srch/en/びりびり/m1u/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/srch/en/%E3%81%B3%E3%82%8A%E3%81%B3%E3%82%8A/m1u/) \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/188579/meaning/m1u/びりびり/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/188579/meaning/m1u/%E3%81%B3%E3%82%8A%E3%81%B3%E3%82%8A/)\n\nYou could simply say 破いた, but using びりびり makes the sentence more emphatic.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T01:59:14.097",
"id": "62010",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-07T01:59:14.097",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "62000",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
62000
|
62002
|
62002
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "62004",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Context: a former swordsman takes his daughter to attend kendo lessons. She\ndoesn't seem happy, so he reminds her that she decided herself to go, at which\nche replies:\n\n> んだよ！とーさんがさんざん剣が **どうの** って話ばっかするからだろ！！\n\nWhat is the meaning of どうの? I found an example on Kenkyusha dictionary\nsuggesting it can be used in lists:\n\n> 色が **どうの** デザインが **どうの** と彼女は文句ばかりつけている.\n>\n> She's forever complaining; if it isn't the color, it's the design or\n> something else.\n\nIs this the way it was used in my sentence? Thank you for your help!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-06T20:31:46.510",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62001",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-09T02:22:10.983",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "17797",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words",
"usage",
"word-usage"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of どうの?",
"view_count": 476
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's the same as どうこう or どうのこうの explained in [this\nquestion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/61932/5010). It replaces a\n(subjectively) unimportant part of the sentence like \"blah blah\". In this\ncase, the father has told her a long story about 剣, but she is thinking what\nhe said was unimportant to her.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T00:11:41.287",
"id": "62004",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-07T01:43:24.713",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-07T01:43:24.713",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "62001",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "Apparently どうの is short for どうのこうの which means \"this and that\", \"to keep\ntalking incessantly about something\", \"to keep complaining\". In negative\nsentences it means \"anything\".\n\nExamples from\n[プログレッシブ和英中辞典](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E3%81%A9%E3%81%86%E3%81%AE%E3%81%93%E3%81%86%E3%81%AE/#je-53470): \n\n> どうのこうのとうるさく言うな。 \n> Stop nagging. \n> このことについてはどうのこうの言う権利はない。 \n> I have no right to say anything about the matter.\n\n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/どうの/#je-53469](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E3%81%A9%E3%81%86%E3%81%AE/#je-53469) \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/どうのこうの/#je-53470](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E3%81%A9%E3%81%86%E3%81%AE%E3%81%93%E3%81%86%E3%81%AE/#je-53470) \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/156614/meaning/m0u/どうの/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/156614/meaning/m0u/%E3%81%A9%E3%81%86%E3%81%AE/)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T01:28:50.233",
"id": "62007",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-09T02:22:10.983",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-09T02:22:10.983",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "62001",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
62001
|
62004
|
62004
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "62006",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Please help. I found this question on the N5 practice exam:\n\n> ヤン 「私はこの本を買います。アンナさんはどんな本がいいですか。」 \n> アンナ 「 私はもうすこし ( _ _ ☆ _) がいいです。」\n>\n> A. 本 \n> B. かんたんな \n> C. が \n> D. 日本語\n\nPlease explain why 日本語がかんたんな本が is the structure... why not もう少しが日本語かんたんな本?\nWhat is the rule followed? Why is there two が?\n\nThank you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-06T23:09:17.017",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62003",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-07T03:09:12.200",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-07T02:41:37.227",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "31488",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"syntax",
"particle-が",
"jlpt",
"relative-clauses"
],
"title": "Sentence Structure JLPT question 「日本語がかんたんな本」",
"view_count": 1489
}
|
[
{
"body": "「日本語がかんたんな本」 is a noun phrase where 「日本語がかんたんな」 is a relative clause modifying\n「本」. Its non-relative version would be:\n\n> (その)本は、日本語がかんたんです。 \n> _lit._ As for the book, Japanese is simple. \n> → The book is written in simple Japanese.\n\n「もう少し」(\"a little more\") is an adverb that modifies the na-adjective\n「かんたんな」(\"simple\").\n\nYou can parse your example this way:\n\n> ［（もう少し）日本語がかんたんな］本がいいです。 \n> _lit._ \"I'd like / prefer a book [whose Japanese is (a little) simple(r)]\" \n> → I'd like / prefer a book with a little simpler Japanese / a book written\n> in a little simpler Japanese\n\nYou can rephrase it as 「もう少し日本語 **の** かんたんな本」. (For more on this, you could\nrefer to [this thread](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/12829/9831).)\n\nSome example phrases using this pattern:\n\n> 「[髪]{かみ}がきれいな人」（「髪のきれいな人」） \"a person with beautiful hair\" \n> 「[鼻]{はな}が[長]{なが}い[動物]{どうぶつ}」（「鼻の長い動物」） \"an animal with a long trunk\"",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T01:03:58.347",
"id": "62006",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-10-07T03:09:12.200",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "62003",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "日本語がかんたんな本がいいです。 \nThere are two が because there are two sentences.\n\nFirst sentence: \n本がいいです。 \nA book is good.\n\nSecond sentence: \n日本語がかんたんな本 \nA book which has simple Japanese.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T01:36:29.800",
"id": "62008",
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"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "62003",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
62003
|
62006
|
62006
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Question. What is the diff between\n\nA. 国で日本語を2カ月勉強しました。\n\nB. 国で2カ月日本語を勉強しました。\n\nOn minna no nihongo B. is used but why not A? Why is the 2カ月 not before verb?\nWhat are the rules?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T04:21:22.403",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62014",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-07T13:34:29.917",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-07T04:54:28.767",
"last_editor_user_id": "4091",
"owner_user_id": "31488",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"syntax",
"word-usage",
"jlpt"
],
"title": "Word Order: 国で日本語を2カ月勉強しました vs 国で2カ月日本語を勉強しました",
"view_count": 155
}
|
[
{
"body": "According to \"A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar\", page16: \nThe word order principle for Japanese is the modifier precedes what is\nmodified. \nThe principle holds whether the modified word is dependent or fully\nindependent. \nThe function of the modifier is to specify the meaning of the specified word.\n\nSo what does ２ヶ月 modify?\n\n２ヶ月勉強する means \"to study for 2 months\". \nBut what does ２ヶ月日本語 mean? \nIn this case ２ヶ月 modifies the verb, not the object, so it is better to put it\nbefore the verb, not before the object.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T13:34:29.917",
"id": "62026",
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"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "62014",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
}
] |
62014
| null |
62026
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "62059",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "While reading a scene about some people checking out the luxurious hot tub\nthat is in their building, one of the character remarks:\n\n> ご、豪華すぎるほどじゃないが、何とも贅沢極まるというか。。。\n\nwhich I understand as meaning like: It's not at the level of being too 豪華, but\nit's extremely 贅沢.\n\nAm I right in understanding that 豪華 is more extravagant that 贅沢?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T04:33:45.023",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62015",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-10-09T18:00:49.460",
"last_editor_user_id": "10045",
"owner_user_id": "10045",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"nuances"
],
"title": "What's the difference between 豪華 and 贅沢?",
"view_count": 359
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think 豪華 and 贅沢 can't be compared by the degree of the expensiveness.\n\n豪華 and 贅沢 means \"gorgeousness\" and \"luxury', but only 贅沢 often includs\nnegative meaning like \"too extravagant\", \"too expensive\" and \"champagne taste\non a beer budget\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T06:49:09.083",
"id": "62016",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-09T06:14:41.787",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-09T06:14:41.787",
"last_editor_user_id": "7320",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "62015",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "豪華 in isolation is a positive word meaning _luxurious_. But if we say 豪華\n**すぎる** , it of course turns into a directly negative remark (\" _overly_\nluxurious\" or \" _too_ luxurious\").\n\nOn the other hand, 贅沢 is an ambivalent word that has both positive and\nnegative connotations. When it's negative, it's closer to _extravagant_ or\n_lavish_. People often say そんな贅沢なお金の使い方をするな, 贅沢をやめろ, etc. When it's positive,\nit's almost interchangeable with 豪華.\n\nSo the speaker rephrased a clearly negative remark (豪華 **すぎる** ) to an\nambiguous phrase (贅沢極まる) to make the sentence sound more euphemistic and\nmilder. But if we remove すぎる, 贅沢 is the word that is closer to _extravagant_.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-09T00:38:03.923",
"id": "62059",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-09T00:57:50.057",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-09T00:57:50.057",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "I like naruto's answer so I was going to add this as a comment, but it got too\nlong so I am adding as answer. Consider it a really long comment with\nsupplementary information.\n\nWhen you look at the dictionary (I used kotobank), the definition of 「贅沢」 is\nto use more money than necessary or is appropriate for one's circumstance, and\nthe definition for 「豪華」 literally included 「贅沢」 in its definition, so there is\ndefinitely a lot of overlap in the meaning.\n\nHowever, one thing that might be useful to know is that in Japan as of now,\nthe word 「贅沢」 no longer necessarily means \"luxurious\" in the sense that it is\nexpensive. 「安い贅沢」 is very popular these days, here's an example.\n\nYou take a paid leave to go off on a 3 day weekend and stay a couple days at a\nryokan with outdoor hot springs at an affordable price during off-season. It's\nnot expensive or fancy, but sitting in the outdoor hot springs, enjoying the\nview, surrounded by the scent of evergreens with birds singing their mating\ncalls while sipping sake is certainly not something you do everyday. This is\nnot 豪華, but it would be considered 贅沢.\n\nSo 「贅沢」 is now a word that can be used to describe treating oneself to\nsomething, regardless of whether it is too expensive or not. It's more about\nsomething nice that's out of the ordinary. On the other hand, 「豪華」 is still a\nword you use to describe something fancy and expensive. Basically, there is a\nnuance difference.\n\nNot really related, but with 「贅沢」 you can use it as a verb (贅沢をする) as well as\na ～な adjective (贅沢な), while 「豪華」 can be used as a ～な adjective (豪華な) but not\nas a verb.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-09T01:44:17.267",
"id": "62061",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-09T01:44:17.267",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18608",
"parent_id": "62015",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
62015
|
62059
|
62059
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "62019",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "For full context:\n<https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20181007/k10011662381000.html?utm_int=news_contents_news-\nmain_003>\n\nThe sentence in question:\n長野県内でキノコ採りに出かけた人が死亡する事故が相次ぐ中、６日も上田市の山林でキノコ採りをしていた30代の女性が滑落して死亡しました。\n\nMy attempt at translation: \"In Nagano prefecture, during a series of accidents\n(= during accidents which happened one after another) where people died who\nhad left to collect mushrooms, **on the sixth** of the month (octobre) in the\nUedashi mountain forest, a woman of the age of 30 who was collecting mushrooms\ndied slipping.\"\n\nFirst, since I'm a bit skeptical about my overall interpretation, I wonder\nwhether I interpreted も correctly here or not. Overall the article seems to\nreport one particular incident where people died in an accident, however,\nsince it speaks of a series of accidents, I'm not sure whether this \"series\"\nhappened in a series of days or on a single day? If the first option was true,\nthen I guess も would make perfect sense as it depicts the 6th of octobre as\nanother day where (such) accidents happened. If the second option was true\nthough then I'm kind of out of ideas, because then there wouldn't be a day\nsimilar to the 6th octobre to which the も could relate.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T07:33:44.353",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62017",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-07T10:30:15.810",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "How to interprete this も?",
"view_count": 70
}
|
[
{
"body": "> I'm not sure whether this \"series\" happened in a series of days or on a\n> single day?\n\nWell, I don't think that mushroom picking is the kind of thing that causes\nmass-deaths on a single day. Furthermore, near the end of the article they\nmention that the other accidents have been happening since August (８月以降), so\nit really wouldn't make sense for it to be on a single day.\n\n> If the first option was true, then I guess も would make perfect sense as it\n> depicts the 6th of octobre as another day where (such) accidents happened.\n\nExactly, it makes perfect sense. :)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T10:30:15.810",
"id": "62019",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-07T10:30:15.810",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25859",
"parent_id": "62017",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
62017
|
62019
|
62019
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "62022",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 大きいのはいくらですか。\n>\n> きれいなのを買いました。\n\nI found those phrases [here](https://jlptstudy.net/N5/?grammar-list). From my\nunderstanding these mean:\n\n大きいの = the ones that are big\n\nきれいなの = the one that is pretty | the ones that are pretty\n\nAm I right? I didn't manage to find any explanation online and on my grammar\nbook. Is it correct to use the same construction with other tenses, like\n大きくないの (= the one that is not big) or きれいだったの (= the one that was pretty)?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T11:07:51.433",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62020",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-07T12:12:45.780",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-07T12:06:07.337",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "26043",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-の"
],
"title": "adjective pronominalization with の",
"view_count": 58
}
|
[
{
"body": "Your interpretation is correct.\n\nIn these 2 sentences, the objects that the adjectives refer to were omitted.\nThey are probably mentioned before these phrases. If an adjectival phrase\nrefers to something that is already known, the object can be referred to by の.\n\nAnd yes, it can be used with other tenses too. The usage is exactly the same.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T11:54:45.450",
"id": "62022",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-10-07T12:12:45.780",
"last_editor_user_id": "27774",
"owner_user_id": "27774",
"parent_id": "62020",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
62020
|
62022
|
62022
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I don't completely understand how to read kanji. For example why is in 日立, 日\nread as 'hi'? I know the kundoku version is used with okurigana and if kanji\nstands alone. Why isn't it used as ondoku reading in the example, which you\nare supposed to read with when having multiple kanji together.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T11:26:53.587",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62021",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-07T13:19:48.883",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31495",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"readings"
],
"title": "The rules of kanji reading",
"view_count": 222
}
|
[
{
"body": "You have to consult the dictionary for each word and memorize the\npronunciation. \nThere are some general rules but with so many exceptions that they are not\npractical.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T13:19:48.883",
"id": "62025",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-07T13:19:48.883",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "62021",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
62021
| null |
62025
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "62047",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 寺尾さんは「１つでもアレルギーのある食品があるとお弁当を持たせています。週に１回、給食が食べられたらいい **ほうで**\n> 、他の子どもたちと一緒に食事ができない娘を見るのは親としてはとてもつらいです」と話していました。([source](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/web_tokushu/2018_1004.html?utm_int=tokushu-\n> new_contents_list-items_003))",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T12:27:44.437",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62023",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-08T15:28:35.897",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25980",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"reading-comprehension"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of ほうで here?",
"view_count": 198
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's two sentences of …食べられたらいいほうだ and …つらいです combined together, with だ\nconjugated into the conjunctive form で.\n\nほう is a noun that's used as a grammatical component for comparison. In\nconcrete, 週に一度給食が食べられたらいいほうだ means \"if you can have school lunch once a week,\nthat's better (than average)\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-08T15:28:35.897",
"id": "62047",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "62023",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
62023
|
62047
|
62047
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was told many years ago by a native Japanese speaker that saying 知っていません\ninstead of 知りません was a huge mistake. I would like to know the reason of this\nfact. Is it because the meaning of the verb 知る expresses by itself the\nprogressive aspect ?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T16:25:03.497",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62029",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-08T02:33:27.433",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30832",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"negation"
],
"title": "Why is しっていません a mistake ?",
"view_count": 877
}
|
[
{
"body": "The reason seems to be unknown.\n\nAccording to \"A Dictionary of Japanese Grammar\", page 407: \nWhen answering in the negative to the question 知っていますか, the negative nostative\nform 知らない/知りません is used instead of 知っていない/知っていません.\n\nBut the book does not explain why.\n\n知っていない should be the grammaticaly correct form.\n\nMaybe somewhere, someone, somehow, started to use 知らない instead of 知っていない and\nthat became popular among the general public, to a point that now nobody uses\n知っていない.\n\nThere are some people trying to offer explanations, but they look more like\nspeculations to me: \n<https://oshiete.goo.ne.jp/qa/3934058.html> \n<http://jn2et.com/Zakki/z7-siru-wakaru.html#sitteimasen> \n『新日本文法研究』第７章「知ラナイ」と「知ッテイナイ」p.109－p.116大修館書店1983年 著者: 久野暲 \n<http://nihon5ch.net/contents/bbs-study/old/mie-bbs.cgi?s=36> \n<https://ameblo.jp/kuroracco/entry-12064460841.html> \n<https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1284178027> \n<http://1311racco.blog75.fc2.com/blog-entry-1457.html> \n<http://www.coelang.tufs.ac.jp/mt/ja/gmod/contents/explanation/045.html>",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-08T02:33:27.433",
"id": "62040",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "62029",
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"score": 0
}
] |
62029
| null |
62040
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "62052",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have a real patchy understanding of this sentence in Danganronpav3.\n\nThe speaker is 星 (Hoshi) and is incredibly cynical in contrast to the main\ncharacter's optimism. He sometimes explains things in a difficult to\nunderstand way:\n\n> 理想{りそう｝だけじゃ救｛すく｝えるものも救えない。救えたはずのものまで見捨｛みす｝てるハメになりかねない。\n\nAttempted translation: \"Some things can't be saved just through ideals.\nSometimes even what you thought was saved can end up lost.\"\n\nMy assumptions are:\n\n * The じゃ is a colloquial では\n * That もの is 物 and not 者. \n * That the use of も implies some cases were in the positive.\n * That the まで is being used as an \"even in the case of\n\nAny help would be appreciated, thanks.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T17:22:35.300",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62030",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-08T21:13:20.717",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-08T05:48:31.150",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "14607",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particle-も",
"particle-まで"
],
"title": "救えたはずのもの... (lots of unaccounted もの)",
"view_count": 116
}
|
[
{
"body": "Regarding the first sentence, yes, this じゃ is a colloquial では, and this もの is\nbasically 物 (thing) in general, although it may include people as well. も in\n救えるものも means \"even\". The literal translation is \"Only with ideals, you cannot\nsave even what you can save.\" But your translation attempt seems fine to me.\n\nRegarding the second sentence, 救えたはずのもの is a noun phrase meaning \"something\nyou could have saved\", which is the object of 見捨てる. まで, meaning \"even\",\n_replaces_ を and が.\n\n> 救えたはずのものまで見捨てるハメになりかねない。 \n> You may end up abandoning even what you could have saved.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-08T21:13:20.717",
"id": "62052",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-08T21:13:20.717",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "62030",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
62030
|
62052
|
62052
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "If I say:\n\n> お前は立派だよ\n\nI tell the person that they are amazing as a person or that they did an\namazing job?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T18:47:55.427",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62031",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-09T12:25:47.093",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-08T09:39:30.937",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "29922",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"word-choice"
],
"title": "The meaning of 立派だよ",
"view_count": 240
}
|
[
{
"body": "The adjective can be applied to both works and to people. Your example\nsentence has no further context, so we can only assume you are talking about\nthe person.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T22:34:29.350",
"id": "62034",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "25859",
"parent_id": "62031",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "立派 is generally used in the literal sense as a positive thing, either\ncomplimenting someone or describing something in a good way.\n\nI have also heard it used in a somewhat sarcastic or euphemistic way, such as\n立派なおなか to describe a bulging (fat) stomach. With your example, 立派 is being\napplied to the person. But without further context, it's not easy to give a\nproper translation.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-09T12:25:47.093",
"id": "62071",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-09T12:25:47.093",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"parent_id": "62031",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
62031
| null |
62034
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "62033",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I\"m trying to translate the following sentence into English for a assignment\nin my translation workshop class.\n\n僕は身体を **起こし** , あらためて彼女に視線を持っていった.\n\nThe bolded part has me confused due to the strange shi ending; which I first\nread as the shi clause with the term 起こす, but realized this was incorrect due\nto the predicate (起こ) not being in the plain/short form. Jisho.org says that\n起こし is a suffix, which I believe to be incorrect in this instance as there is\na を particle behind the 起こし.\n\nThus, what does 起こし mean in the above sentence, and how do you know this?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T21:47:25.073",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62032",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"dictionary"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of 起こし in this sentence?",
"view_count": 378
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's a conjugation formed by taking a verb in ます form, then removing the ます.\n\nExample conjugation:\n\n * 起こす：起こし ~~ます~~ ＝起こし\n * 生まれる：生まれ ~~ます~~ ＝生まれ\n\nCombining sentences with that conjugation basically means \"and\". It's similar\nto combining sentences with て, though there are differences in usage.\n\nExample sentence:\n\n> ジョンは日本で **生まれ** 、十歳まで日本の学校で勉強した。\n>\n> John was **born** in Japan **and** studied at a Japanese school until he was\n> ten.\n\nI recommend page 556 of \"A Dictionary of Intermediate Japanese Grammar\" as a\nreference for the details of this grammar form.\n\n...\n\nTo answer your question directly:\n\n> Thus, what does 起こし mean in the above sentence, and how do you know this?\n\nIt's just a continuative conjugation of the verb 起こす, which means \"to raise\",\nand that verb is being applied to 身体. I know this because that's the\ndictionary definition. The fact that it ends in し、 just means \"and...\" before\ntalking about the rest of the sentence.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T22:23:55.490",
"id": "62033",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "25859",
"parent_id": "62032",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
62032
|
62033
|
62033
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was studying on certain phrases NOT to say in Japan (in particular, not\nusing を before 何{なに}) and then examples were given using/not using を. This\nconfused me, especially before a verb. These were two examples I was given:\n\n> お茶{ちゃ}いっぱい飲{の}んだ。\n>\n> お茶{ちゃ}をいっぱい飲{の}みました。\n\nObviously the first one is informal vs the next one being formal, but does\nthat have anything to do with the use of を? Or is it because you can not use を\ndirectly in front of a verb? Thank you!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T23:31:04.720",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62035",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-08T03:52:46.323",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "29804",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particle-を",
"formality"
],
"title": "Using を with verbs?",
"view_count": 106
}
|
[
{
"body": "> Obviously the first one is informal vs the next one being formal, but does\n> that have anything to do with the use of を?\n\nI think the informal version just drops the を due to casual laziness.\n\n> Or is it because you can not use を directly in front of a verb?\n\nThere is no such restriction.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-07T23:47:37.757",
"id": "62036",
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"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25859",
"parent_id": "62035",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
62035
| null |
62036
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "62043",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I know that もし translates to \"if\", but I dont know exactly when or how it\nshould be used. I was reading Yoko Hasegawa's Japanese: a linguistic\nintroduction. In the chapter on conditional clauses, some sentences begins\nwith もし, others dont. Example: もし電気がついて（いれば・いたら・いる なら）、彼は家にいるだろう。versus 会員（で\nあれば・だったら・なら・だ と）、割引があります。(the original text is in romaji, I transcribed to\nhiragana for better understanding)\n\nSince たら, なら, ば or と already express the idea of conditional, what is もし doing\nhere? Does it have any additional function beyond those in the 4 conditional\nparticles? If it does, what is this function, and if it doesnt, why is it\nincluded?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-08T00:15:09.500",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62037",
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"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "17942",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"conditionals"
],
"title": "What is the function of もし？",
"view_count": 350
}
|
[
{
"body": "One notable difference is that it disambiguates たら. This is because たら can be\nused to mean \"if\", and it can also be used to mean \"then\". However, if you\ncombine もし and たら, then it becomes clear that it has the meaning of \"if\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-08T00:19:53.950",
"id": "62038",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-08T00:19:53.950",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25859",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "```\n\n 「もうし」の音変化》相手に呼びかけるときに言う語。「もし、そちらの方」出典：デジタル大辞泉（小学館）\n \n```\n\nAs [the above](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/219076/meaning/m0u/), もし itself\nis a word like \"excuse me\". However, it ideomatically functions as an\nindicator that tells that a conditional clause follows next, which helps you\ncomprehend what otherwise wouldn't be revealed until the last conjugation.\n\nThe same thing can be said about あまり、別に、何も (adverb) for partial negation, 決して\nfor permanent negation or なぜならば or なぜかと言うと for reasoning clauses, the last one\nof which is also the same in the point that it doesn't have extra semantic\nvalue besides what's combined with.\n\nThis type of words are called 呼応の副詞 (Guiding Adverb).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-08T06:58:21.733",
"id": "62043",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-08T06:58:21.733",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "62037",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
62037
|
62043
|
62043
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "62051",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "There are a lot of repetitive songs where I work. How do I mention how\nrepetitive the music is, and convey that I dislike it to an all Japanese\nstaff. Can I use 重ね重ね?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-08T06:16:45.813",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62042",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-21T01:43:05.443",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-21T01:43:05.443",
"last_editor_user_id": "542",
"owner_user_id": "4045",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "How do you talk about a boring, repetitive sound?",
"view_count": 242
}
|
[
{
"body": "There are many people who complain about the music played inside stores. \nBelow are some of the ways they describe it:\n\n店内のBGMがうるさくて気分が悪くなる\n\n音楽の音量が大きいので、音を下げてください\n\nうるさい大音響のＢＧＭはイライラして\n\nスーパーや家電量販店のテーマ曲の延々ループも嫌です\n\n店員さんは耳や精神に異常を感じないのでしょうか。\n\nTVのCMで使ってる曲を延々流し続けてる。\n\nボリュームも大きいので、買い物しているあいだずっと耳に入り、店舗を出た後も頭にメロディーが残り続けるという人も少なくないと思われます。\n\n<http://komachi.yomiuri.co.jp/t/2015/0731/723583.htm> \n<http://komachi.yomiuri.co.jp/t/2016/1005/780313.htm> \n<https://sirabee.com/2015/04/17/26677/> \n<http://www1.nhk.or.jp/asaichi/hattatsu/torisetsu/cat_hearing.html>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-08T11:37:19.567",
"id": "62046",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-08T11:37:19.567",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "62042",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "A good word for this concept is\n[ワンパターン](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/239098/meaning/m0u/)な(曲), which is a\nwasei-eigo term that exactly means \"boring and repetitive\" or 繰り返しが多くて退屈な(曲).\nSaying only 繰り返しが多い曲 does not necessarily mean the song is bad.\n\n重ね重ね is a fairly stiff word that is usually used in business settings, and it\nmeans a similar troublesome/unfortunate event happening again and again.\n重ね重ねの不幸, 重ね重ねのお詫び, 重ね重ねのお願い, etc. 重ね重ねの曲 means nothing to me.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-08T20:50:10.893",
"id": "62051",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-08T20:50:10.893",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "62042",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
62042
|
62051
|
62051
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "62045",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "「ほってすんでいました」の文法を詳しく説明していただけませんか。「すむ」の漢字は「済む」でしょうか。\n\n> 例）「陸に上がったクモはしばらくのあいだ、地面にあなを **ほってすんでいました** 。」\n\nよろしくお願いします。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-08T09:18:36.970",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62044",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-08T09:27:17.763",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27805",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "「〜てすむ」の意味は何ですか。",
"view_count": 164
}
|
[
{
"body": "「[住]{す}む」です。\n\n「地面に[穴]{あな}を[掘]{ほ}って、その穴の[中]{なか}に[住]{す}んでいました。」という意味です。\n\n（「穴を掘る」は、地面を掘って、穴を作ることです。）",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-08T09:27:17.763",
"id": "62045",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-08T09:27:17.763",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "62044",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
62044
|
62045
|
62045
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "62049",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What exactly are the scenarios where かたち、けい or かた would be used? For example,\nin this sentence 「 輪の形に動かす」, is it かたち or かた？",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-08T16:34:25.123",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62048",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-08T17:10:25.593",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31427",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"usage",
"word-usage"
],
"title": "How and when to use 形（かたち、けい、かた）",
"view_count": 329
}
|
[
{
"body": "かたち and かた are different, though related, words.\n\nかたち is the more common and general-use of the two, and corresponds fairly\nclosely in meaning to the English word \"shape\", referring to the basic outward\nappearance of something, often in a 2D rather than a 3D sense. When you see 形\nused on its own, it's generally safe to assume that かたち is the intended\nreading unless you have reason to think otherwise, and this includes your\nexample sentence.\n\nかた is a somewhat more technical term, and usually refers to one of a few\ndifferent defined forms or types of something. In most of its uses, it's more\ncommonly written with the kanji 型 than 形, though they can be interchangeable.\nIt's also much more common than かたち in kun-reading compounds, particularly in\nits usage as a suffix meaning \"shaped like X\" (usually pronounced ～がた due to\nrendaku, eg. 菱形{ひしがた} \"diamond-shaped\", 卵型{たまごがた} \"egg-shaped\").\n\nけい is the on-reading of the kanji, and to my knowledge it's not generally used\nas a word on its own. Like most on-readings, it largely occurs in Sino-\nJapanese compound words (kango).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-08T17:10:25.593",
"id": "62049",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "25107",
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"score": 5
}
] |
62048
|
62049
|
62049
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was texting a friend earlier and I tried speaking Japanese with her (utterly\nfailing) and she sent \"ばーーーか\". I understand that this word means \"fool;\nstupid\", but I'm confused about the usage of dashes.\n\nP.S.: I'm not learning Japanese at the moment so I have no idea about the\nusage of dashes in the language, or the entirety of the Japanese language in\ngeneral. She's a native speaker and I attempted to converse with her with my\ntrusty translator. Should I see this statement as offensive or should I simply\ntake it as a joke? And what do those dashes mean in the context of this text?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-08T21:15:04.040",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62053",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-08T21:27:29.637",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31510",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What does \"ばーーーか\" mean?",
"view_count": 172
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's just used as a wide [long-vowel\nmarker](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C5%8Donpu). So instead of saying\n\"fool\", she kind of said \"fooooool!\". I'm afraid to say this, but it's almost\ncertainly offensive.\n\nPeople often replace the proper long vowel markers with two or more full-width\ndashes because the former has a more nuanced shape in some fonts. Dashes look\nbetter as a long continuous line (right).\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/e7XwM.png)",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-08T21:27:29.637",
"id": "62054",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-08T21:27:29.637",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "62053",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
62053
| null |
62054
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "62058",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> このバスの会社によると、東京では１週間に３日、 **昼と夜の２回ずつ** 走る予定で、予約が必要です。 \n> According to the company that runs these buses, they plan to run the Tokyo\n> bus three times a week, _twice each in the afternoon and evening_. A\n> reservation will be needed.\n\nI'm unsure of how to understand 昼と夜の２回ずつ. Does this mean twice in the\nafternoon and twice in the evening, or does it mean once in the afternoon and\nonce in the evening (making two times in total)?\n\nI'm not even sure whether ずつ modifies 2回 or 3日.\n\nWhichever is the correct interpretation how would you adjust it to give the\nother one?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-08T21:38:39.043",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62055",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-09T02:06:15.660",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"counters"
],
"title": "Confusing use of ずつ",
"view_count": 356
}
|
[
{
"body": "According to [_A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar_ , page\n572](https://japbase.neocities.org/full_day.html#%E3%8A%A6%E3%81%9A%E3%81%A4): \n\n> ずつ: a particle that indicates equal distribution of quantity.\n>\n> Example(s): \n> 私は子供達に本を二冊ずつやった。 \n> I gave two books to each of the children.\n>\n> [...]\n>\n> A sentence without ずつ can express virtually the same fact.\n\n昼と夜の２回 \n2 times, one in the morning, another in the evening.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-08T21:58:08.813",
"id": "62056",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-09T02:06:15.660",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-09T02:06:15.660",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "62055",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "昼と夜 **に** 2回ずつ is ambiguous, but usually means \"twice in the afternoon and\ntwice in the evening\", i.e., four times a day.\n\n昼と夜 **の** 2回ずつ is not ambiguous and it only means \"twice a day, one in the\nafternoon and one in the evening.\" Here の is an apposition marker, and 2回 and\n昼と夜 are referring to the same thing. ずつ is used in relation to 日 before 昼と夜\n(it's \"per day\" rather than \"per 昼と夜\").",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-08T23:06:35.923",
"id": "62058",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-08T23:11:45.870",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-08T23:11:45.870",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "62055",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
}
] |
62055
|
62058
|
62058
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What are the most common terms used by the software industry in Japan to list\nsoftware as \"beta\" as in an early release. And how would they translate\nliterally to American English?\n\nBeta software defined as not officially released but available to a select\nnumber of individuals for testing.\n<https://techterms.com/definition/beta_software>\n\nWhile there might be some phrases, I am looking for the short version which\nwould be easily recognizable.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-09T01:02:06.387",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62060",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-09T02:03:48.297",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-09T01:55:07.347",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "31295",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"word-requests"
],
"title": "Japanese equivalent for \"Beta\" as in software prototype or early release?",
"view_count": 377
}
|
[
{
"body": "I wanted to comment but did not have enough reps. As a Japanese, I think ベータ版\nis the most common term that cannot be mistaken for anything else.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-09T02:03:48.297",
"id": "62063",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-09T02:03:48.297",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31514",
"parent_id": "62060",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
62060
| null |
62063
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "This passage comes from _Underground_ by Haruki Murakami:\n\n> 年長者であり医師であり、科学技術省の「武闘派」とは一線を画している林が敢えて実行者として選ばれた理由は不明だが...\n\nThe translation by Alfred Birnbaum is\n\n> Why Hayashi - a senior medical doctor with an active \"frontline\" track\n> record at the Ministry of Science and Technology - was chosen to carry out\n> this mission remains unclear...\n\nWhen I look around for examples of the expression, for example on\n[here](https://proverb-encyclopedia.com/isenwokakusu/) or\n[here](https://www.linguee.jp/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E8%AA%9E-%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E/search?source=auto&query=%E3%81%A8%E3%81%AF%E4%B8%80%E7%B7%9A%E3%82%92%E7%94%BB%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B),\nit seems like instead of the above translation, it should be something like:\n\n> Why Hayashi, who has always stayed away from the \"frontline\" of the Ministry\n> of Science and Technology, was chosen...\n\nHow is this ambiguity resolved?\n\nAlso should 「年長者であり医師であり」 be always understood as a \"senior medical doctor\"\n(i.e. someone who has worked as a doctor for a long time) or \"a senior and a\ndoctor\"?\n\nThank you for any help.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-09T01:57:26.737",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62062",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-09T05:15:46.830",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-09T04:49:48.783",
"last_editor_user_id": "19357",
"owner_user_id": "27824",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"translation",
"idioms",
"ambiguity"
],
"title": "一線を画する ambiguity",
"view_count": 142
}
|
[
{
"body": "This ～と一線を画す is an idiom, and in this context it means \"to keep a distance\nfrom ～\". It's not even ambiguous, and I think your translation attempt is\ncorrect.\n\n年長者であり医師であり is of course \"being a senior, and (also being) a doctor\", and it's\ntechnically different from 年長の医師であり (\"being a senior medical doctor\"). I don't\nknow the story, and this may not be a severe mistake.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-09T02:30:14.357",
"id": "62064",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-09T02:35:37.170",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-09T02:35:37.170",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "62062",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
},
{
"body": "「一線を画する」 is to have a clear difference from something else, so your\ntranslation seems a better fit. In the original translation, does \"track\nrecord\" stand for 「一線を画する」? That's weird.\n\nThe translation for 「年長者であり医師であり」 does not convey the meaning of the original\nsentence, either. Doesn't the phrase \"senior medical doctor\" sound like the\nname of a medical job post? He is just a doctor who is old, at least in this\ncontext. Here, it is used as a source of wonder, i.e. being senior and being a\ndoctor makes Hayashi an unlikely person to be chosen as an actual person to\nperform the poison terrorism, because such a person -- relatively old and\nintelligent -- would more likely be placed in the headquarter or somewhere\nrearer.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-09T02:35:27.560",
"id": "62065",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-09T03:23:32.160",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-09T03:23:32.160",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "31514",
"parent_id": "62062",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "Let's go through it, bit by bit.\n\nFirst,\n\n> 年長者であり医師であり\n\n「年長者」 can mean \"older person\", but in context it can also mean \"the oldest\nperson within a given group\". 「AでありB」means \"~is A as well as B\". So this part\nmeans that person is an older person (or the oldest person of the possible\ncandidates?) who also happens to be a doctor. There is no actual indication of\nseniority as a doctor in the original sentence.\n\n> 科学技術省の「武闘派」とは一線を画している\n\n「武闘」 means \"combat\" and 「派」 refers to groups of people who are separated by\ngiven differences(i.e 猫派vs犬派). So in this context, 「武闘派」 likely refers to\npeople who don't really like to cooperate with other people and instead are\nvery aggressive in trying to get their way. 「Aとは一線を画する」 means to draw a clear\nline between A and oneself, so to put it all together, this means that the\nperson being described has drawn a clear line between himself and the\naggressive people at the Ministry of Science and Technology.\n\n> 敢えて実行者として選ばれた理由は不明だ\n\n「敢えて」 refers to doing something that doesn't appear like a good idea or is\ndifficult to do with some kind of intent. This makes it clear that 林 becoming\nthe 実行者 does not appear to be a logical choice, or that there were other\ncandidates for that position that seemed more likely to be appointed.\n\nSo to put it all together, a more accurate translation would be something\ncloser to\n\n> The reason why Hayashi, who is older, a doctor, and has distanced himself\n> from the aggressives at the Ministry of Science and Technology, was\n> purposefully chosen to carry out (the project? the mission?) is unclear...\n\nThe 「が」 at the end is difficult to translate without more context. It can\neither be a \"While\" to be placed at the very beginning of the sentence, or be\ntranslated as a \"but...\" at the very end.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-09T02:42:33.500",
"id": "62066",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-09T05:15:46.830",
"last_edit_date": "2018-10-09T05:15:46.830",
"last_editor_user_id": "18608",
"owner_user_id": "18608",
"parent_id": "62062",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
62062
| null |
62064
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "62068",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "こんにちわ、\n\nI am seeking some help to interpret the following bus schedule. Specifically,\nI am interested in determining which section of this table deals with the\ntravel times to 浄土ヶ浜ビジターセンター (Joudogahama Visitor Center) from 宮古駅 （Miyako\nStation).\n\nIf I'm interpreting this table correctly, the top row (C01,A01,C02,A02) are\nthe bus routes? Going down each column, taking the 9:00 column, the bus leaves\n宮古駅 at 9:00 am and arrives at 浄土ヶ浜ビジターセンター at 9:13?\n\nIn the second table below, is it correct that the bus leaves the 浄土ヶ浜ビジターセンター\nat 08:33 and arrives at 宮古駅 at 08:50?\n\nThanks for the help.\n\n[Bus Timetable to Jodogahama Visitor Center](http://www.iwate-\nkenpokubus.co.jp/uploads/300407_jodo.pdf)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-09T03:59:56.713",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "62067",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-09T05:36:28.800",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31008",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "Interpreting this Bus Schedule",
"view_count": 160
}
|
[
{
"body": "> If I'm interpreting this table correctly, the top row (C01,A01,C02,A02) are\n> the bus routes?\n\nYes. It appears so. The names directly below them seem to be the final\ndestinations (shortened).\n\n> Going down each column, taking the 9:00 column, the bus leaves 宮古駅 at 9:00\n> am and arrives at 浄土ヶ浜ビジターセンター at 9:13?\n\nYes, and that's Route C03 with final destination at 浄土ヶ浜ビジターセンター.\n\n> In the second table below, is it correct that the bus leaves the\n> 浄土ヶ浜ビジターセンター at 08:33 and arrives at 宮古駅 at 08:50?\n\nYes.\n\nTake note of the schedules marked 土日祝運休, which means that buses don't travel\nat those times during weekends and holidays.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-09T05:36:28.800",
"id": "62068",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-09T05:36:28.800",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30554",
"parent_id": "62067",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
62067
|
62068
|
62068
|
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