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{
"accepted_answer_id": "65689",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "From: <https://www.serebii.net/blackwhite/subwaymaster.png>\n\nContext: The character who says this to you (the player) is on the subway\nalong with you. They are also about to battle you.\n\n> ようこそ おまちしておりました！\n\nおまち means \"long awaited\" from what I can tell, but I'm having trouble\nunderstanding exactly what おまちする would mean. Does it mean \"to wait a long\ntime\"?\n\nWhat exactly would the full sentence mean then?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-24T15:39:31.660",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65688",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-24T16:06:53.067",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-24T16:06:53.067",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"word-usage",
"keigo"
],
"title": "Meaning of おまちする",
"view_count": 299
}
|
[
{
"body": "お待ちする is the humble form (謙譲語) of 待つ. So お待ちしておりました is the humble way of\nsaying 待っていました, \"I was waiting / I've been waiting (for you).\" (おります is the\nhumble form of いる.)\n\nFor more on the humble form 「お＋連用形+する」, please refer to: [Do all verbs have an\nhonorific and humble form?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/54416/9831)\n\n> ようこそ お待ちしておりました！ \n> \"Welcome! I've been waiting for you!\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-24T15:57:14.410",
"id": "65689",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-24T15:57:14.410",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "65688",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
65688
|
65689
|
65689
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65696",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "For context in the story the king is saying how he would love to live \"here\"\n(referring to the kingdom that the character speaking is in control of) and\nshe responds with:\n\n> **王室宮内庁を予算ごと回す** のなら検討してあげてもよろしくてよ\n\nI had to google to find out what 王室宮内庁 meant, and I believe its the equivalent\nof the Imperial Household Agency, in this case an agency that deals with all\nmatters related to the royal family.\n\nI'm a bit confused with regards to what 回す means in this context however.\nCould someone please help me understand?\n\nThanks",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-24T17:56:45.963",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65691",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-25T03:14:14.647",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31487",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What does 王室宮内庁を予算ごと回す mean?",
"view_count": 147
}
|
[
{
"body": "Your understanding of 王室宮内庁 is fine. In fiction, 宮内庁 is often used as the name\nof (non-Japanese) agencies related to royal affairs.\n\nThe verb 回す has various tricky meanings including \"to run (a company)\", \"to\nmoderate (a conference)\", \"to make ends meet\", \"to hand over\" and \"to assign\n(a task)\". The meaning of 回す depends on what the king's request is, which you\ndid not explain. Probably she is saying either of the following:\n\n * I can think of \"it\" if you hand over the control of 宮内庁 and its budget to me\n * I can think of \"it\" if you can manage the 宮内庁 and its budget yourself\n\nIf you're still in doubt, please share the whole context.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-25T02:23:42.820",
"id": "65696",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-25T03:14:14.647",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-25T03:14:14.647",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65691",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
65691
|
65696
|
65696
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "65695",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm translating the following sentence from a book (exact sentence is directly\nafter dialogue in the picture).\n\n> 興奮 **からか** 銀髪の外国人の口調は、いつになく流暢だった。\n\nI have absolutely zero clue what \"からか\" means in general and in the context of\nthe above sentence, as I've never encountered it before in my Japanese classes\n(I know what \"から\" and the sentence-ending \"か\" mean, but not this). Can someone\nexplain what it means?\n\nEdit: Based on Ringil's answer, would the following be a possible, accurate\ntranslation while taking the からか into account?\n\n> \"The doubtful interest in the silver-haired foreigner’s voice was unusually\n> fluent.\"\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Pfqky.jpg)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-25T00:02:23.223",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65694",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-26T15:04:36.423",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-25T03:19:18.753",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"particle-から",
"particle-か",
"modality"
],
"title": "What does からか mean?",
"view_count": 3370
}
|
[
{
"body": "You should think of this like から+か. If there wasn't a か, the following would\njust be a statement of a fact. The から is used to give the reason for the\nunusual fluency of the foreigner (in this case it is because the foreigner was\nexcited/agitated).\n\n> 興奮から銀髪の外国人の口調は、いつになく流暢だった。\n\nWith the か, the speaker is no longer certain for the reason. The speaker is\nnow only speculating that the reason for the unusual fluency was because the\nforeigner was excited/agitated. The か indicates speculation/doubt. You might\nhave seen a phrase like 本当かどうか before. It's the same idea.\n\nEDIT: If you want an accurate translation you could say something like\n\n> The silver-haired foreigner was speaking unusually fluently. Perhaps it was\n> because he/she was excited.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-25T01:11:06.990",
"id": "65695",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-26T15:04:36.423",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-26T15:04:36.423",
"last_editor_user_id": "10045",
"owner_user_id": "10045",
"parent_id": "65694",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
},
{
"body": "> (I know what \"から\" and the sentence-ending \"か\" mean, but not this)\n\nYes, it's this から followed by this か. から here is a reason/cause marker. か is a\nquestion marker but is used like \"presumably\" or \"probably\" here. And 興奮 is\n\"excitement\", not \"doubtful interest\".\n\n * 興奮: excitement\n * 興奮から: due to his excitement, ...\n * 興奮からか: presumably due to his excitement, ...; maybe he was excited, so...\n\nThis type of か meaning \"presumably\" can be used with a few other particles and\na te-form. Examples:\n\n> 私がベジタリアンであることを知らずに **か** 、彼は肉料理の話をしている。 \n> Presumably not knowing I am a vegetarian, he is talking about meat dishes.\n>\n> 昨日の口論のせいで **か** 、彼女は学校を休んだ。 \n> Probably because of the yesterday's argument, she was absent from school.\n>\n> 私が溜息をつくのを見て **か** 、彼女は私に声をかけてきた。 \n> Perhaps she saw me sigh; she came and spoke to me.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-25T02:56:51.090",
"id": "65697",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-25T03:03:44.010",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-25T03:03:44.010",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65694",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 13
}
] |
65694
|
65695
|
65697
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Recently I read though the\n[article](https://www.jpf.go.jp/j/project/japanese/teach/tsushin/grammar/201009.html)\naddressing the question [(んだから vs\nんだ)](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/1870/%E3%81%AE%E3%81%A0%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89-vs-%E3%81%AE%E3%81%A0-%E3%82%93%E3%81%A0%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89-vs-%E3%82%93%E3%81%A0)\nwhere it explains the usage of のだから as:\n\n> １）話し手も聞き手も知っている事柄に用いられ、「聞き手（あなた）も知ってはいるが、その認識が十分でない」ことを知らせようとする話し手の強い気持ちが入る。\n>\n> ２）後件には、「そういうことだから、～たい、～はずだ、～ほうがいい、～てください」などの、話し手の判断や意志、願望、働きかけなどの表現が来ることが多い。\n\nHowever, when the author explained the provided exercise,\n\n```\n\n Ａ：同窓会の仕事頼まれちゃって。\n Ｂ：大変なの？\n Ａ：うん。\n Ｂ：でも、（ａ．引き受けたから ｂ．引き受けたんだから）、しっかりやりなさいね。\n \n```\n\nshe wrote such sentence\n\n> ＢはＡが同窓会の仕事を頼まれたことを知り、その事実（事情）を踏まえて、頑張るように励ましている **のですから**\n> 、ｂ「引き受けたんだから」が適切になります。\n\nI thought this bold のですから is merely a formal version of んだから at once. But\nafter deeper thinking, I found the sentence following のですから is not the\nwriter's intent, wish, or request. Rather, it is an objective description.\nThus, I draw the conclusion that the usage of のですから is different than listed\nabove.\n\nHow should I use のですから if it is not as simply as a formal version of んだから?\n\n(By the phrase formal version I mean the corresponding 丁寧語.)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-25T04:23:20.673",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65698",
"last_activity_date": "2019-12-01T09:00:50.107",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "31630",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "comparison between のですから and んだから",
"view_count": 716
}
|
[
{
"body": "> でも、引き受けたんだからしっかりやりなさいね\n\nThis is not an objective description. やりなさい is a form of command. This is the\nsame if you convert it into 丁寧語.\n\n> でも、引き受けたのですから、しっかりやって下さい\n\n_EDIT_ : Same thing with `頑張るように励ましているのですから`。\n\n> 励ましているのですからｂが適切になります \n> 励ましているんだからｂが適切だ\n\nBoth have the same meaning.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-03T15:48:38.947",
"id": "65819",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-06T06:41:21.677",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-06T06:41:21.677",
"last_editor_user_id": "499",
"owner_user_id": "499",
"parent_id": "65698",
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"score": 1
}
] |
65698
| null |
65819
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65700",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "So I have recently have gotten into japanese and my close friend who is from\njapan is teaching me japenese, one of the sentence she wrote is this\nあなたわ友達ですか？ which I sort of understand and I know is refering to me, but\neventually I don't have the knowledge to put it all together yet, if anyone\ncould help it would be nice",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-25T05:09:21.917",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65699",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-25T17:37:57.970",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-25T17:37:57.970",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "33084",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning"
],
"title": "whats does あなたわ友達ですか？ means",
"view_count": 155
}
|
[
{
"body": "Well really I would be assuming he meant \" Are you my friend?\" or \" you're my\nfriend? \" although the sentence should really be あなたは友達ですか and even that\ntranslation is a bit generic but yes that's what he must have meant. あなた\n(formal) you は topic marker particle ( not spelled わ ) 友達 friend です\nformal/polite particle basically meaning being etc か formal/polite question\nparticle",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-25T05:20:00.640",
"id": "65700",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-25T05:20:00.640",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "29646",
"parent_id": "65699",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
65699
|
65700
|
65700
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65707",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "I'm looking for a word like \"sometime ago\", \"a while ago\", that is good for\ndescribing a 1-2 years span of time.\n\nI feel like **しばらく前** is for shorter spans of time, and **昔** is for longer\nones. Is there something in the middle I could use here?\n\nI wanna say something like:\n\n> I worked for that company sometime ago\n\nWithout being literal about how much time it has been since I've worked there\n\n> しばらく前、その会社で働きました。",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-25T15:11:20.297",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65705",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-26T03:30:37.327",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "16104",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "Describe a span of time of 1 or 2 years, without being too literal",
"view_count": 394
}
|
[
{
"body": "So in my experience, if we want to describe a couple years without being\nspecific, we would use the following:\n\n> 何年か｛なんねんか｝\n\nThis seems to be what you are trying to describe, and I am sure that there are\nother ways to do it, but keeping it simple in this case is probably for the\nbest.\n\nUsing the example phrase you provided, I would say the following:\n\n> 何年か前、その会社で働いていました。\n\n**EDIT:** On further though of this answer, I thought that I should make some\nadditional appendages.\n\n`何年か` is not specific to the number of years, but it is typically implied to\nbe more than 1, maybe 2 years, as the translation could reasonably be `a few\nyears ago`.\n\nIf you're looking for something more specific, you could say `1，2年前`, but that\nis probably more specific than what you are looking for.\n\nIf you're specifically trying to be non specific about when it was that you\nworked there, you can also just say: `前、その会社...`\n\nAs has been stated in the other answer, 以前 can also work.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-25T15:21:59.747",
"id": "65706",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-25T18:04:51.310",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-25T18:04:51.310",
"last_editor_user_id": "22352",
"owner_user_id": "22352",
"parent_id": "65705",
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"score": 3
},
{
"body": "以前{いぜん} might be what you're looking for. From\n[デジタル大辞泉](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/11804/meaning/m0u/)\n\n> ２ 今より前の時点。現在から見て近い過去。副詞的にも用いる。「―と違って今では」「―会ったことがある」\n\nNote that some other dictionaries like\n[大辞林](https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E4%BB%A5%E5%89%8D) and 明鏡 think the\nreferred to time is relatively far in the past: 今よりもだいぶ前 for the former and\n現在より（かなり）前 for the latter. But I think this word fulfills your requirement for\nthe vagueness of the time pretty well.\n\nUsing your example you might say:\n\n> 以前、その会社で働いていました\n\nI think it'd be fairly close to something like `I used to work for that\ncompany` in English.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-25T17:59:29.220",
"id": "65707",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-26T03:30:37.327",
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"score": 3
},
{
"body": "I think「 **数年前{すうねんまえ}** 」is a versatile option.\n\n> 「 **数年前** その会社で働いてたよ」- _(colloquial)_\n>\n> 「 **数年前** だけど、その会社で働いたことあるよ」- _(informal)_\n>\n> 「 **数年前** のことですが、その会社に勤めたことがあります」- _(formal-polite)_",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-26T02:42:27.323",
"id": "65714",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-26T02:42:27.323",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "7055",
"parent_id": "65705",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
65705
|
65707
|
65706
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "65713",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "In this wiktionary page\n[https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/厚](https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8E%9A)\nthe etymology for the kanji 厚 is not complete: they wrote that it's an\nideogrammic compound but they didn't write the component functions. I want to\nknow the etymology for this kanji (and also if someone can complete this page\nin wiktionary to help learners it would be great).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-25T18:56:50.587",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65708",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-26T10:11:19.177",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-26T10:11:19.177",
"last_editor_user_id": "11104",
"owner_user_id": "32763",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"etymology",
"history"
],
"title": "What is the etymology of this kanji 厚?",
"view_count": 347
}
|
[
{
"body": "This is a what I found in _成り立ちで知る漢字のおもしろ世界: 道具・家・まち編_ (by 伊東信夫). Translation\nis by me, so might not be perfect, but here it goes:\n\n「厚」is formed of 「厂」(がんだれ、cliff radical)、「子」and 「日」, the last two being\ncombined.\n\nAlthough 「厂」usually means ''cliff'' (in fact being the bare minimum version of\n「崖」), it here has the same meaning as 「宀」(ベン), namely **\"the mausoleum in\nwhich the spirits of the ancestors (祖霊、それい) are enshrined\"**. The combination\nof 「日」and 「子」symbolizes the alcohol offered to the ancestors during the\nceremony, hence meaning **\"offering to the gods/ancestors\"**.\n\nTherefore, 「厚」means _honoring the ancestors in a 手厚い_ (the translation I found\nis \"warm, courteous\", I would say that the nuance here is \"to carefully attend\nto\", \"with attention to details\") _way_. It is thought that from this meaning,\n「厚」evolved to mean「物の厚み」i.e. the thickness, profoundness of things.\n\nEdit: looks like the above book is available on [google\nbooks](https://books.google.fr/books?id=J5Glga71WuYC&pg=PA199&lpg=PA199&dq=%E5%8E%9A+%E6%88%90%E3%82%8A%E7%AB%8B%E3%81%A1&source=bl&ots=f5TTNtj92s&sig=ACfU3U1EWjJHWCERiNA2mA5VSaLXaSwFvQ&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj-\nipia2NfgAhWDAGMBHU5BA7EQ6AEwB3oECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=%E5%8E%9A%20%E6%88%90%E3%82%8A%E7%AB%8B%E3%81%A1&f=false)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-25T20:29:23.053",
"id": "65710",
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"score": 2
},
{
"body": "「[厚]{こう}」( _thick, large, deep, strong_ ) is comprised of semantic「厂」( _cliff_\n) and simultaneously semantic and phonetic「[]{こう}」( _salt container shaped\nwith a wide mouth and narrow neck_ > _thick, strong flavour of salt_ ). The\ncharacter「厚」was originally used to describe the wideness and deepness of lofty\nhills and mountains.\n\n「」was a character that fell into disuse very early on. As part of「厚」,「」was\nlater graphically corrupted into「⿱日子」, so「⿱日子・㫗」is now interpreted as a\nvariant form of「厚」.\n\n`商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Rx2HR.png) \n佚211 \n合集34124``春秋 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/eEMMY.png) \n魯伯厚父盤 \n集成10086`` \n篆 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/iE6nD.png) \n說文解字 \n``東漢 \n隸 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/uEY1Z.png) \n婁壽碑 \n``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/8iUNZ.png) \n \n`\n\n> Note,「厚」and「」originally represented the same word; the different _kanji_\n> gave the different nuances.\n\nFor reference, glyph evolution of「」, which depicts a vessel used for storing\nsalt, shaped with a wide opening and a narrow neck:\n\n`商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/jC3zV.png) \n後2.32.11 \n合集18637``商 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/uu2Wx.png) \n冊丁酉爵 \n集成8791`` \n篆 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/2CLKO.png) \n說文解字 \n``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/KHVrt.png) \n \n`\n\n* * *\n\n**Reference**\n\n * 季旭昇《說文新證》",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-26T02:16:10.383",
"id": "65713",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-26T02:38:28.907",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-26T02:38:28.907",
"last_editor_user_id": "26510",
"owner_user_id": "26510",
"parent_id": "65708",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
65708
|
65713
|
65713
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I would appreciate help with the following sentence (which is spoken by a\nrightfully angry girl).\n\n> よしゅうふくしゅうをしておくにこしたことないじゃない!\n\nI know that にこしたことはない is an expression that means \"there's nothing better\nthan\" and I roughly understand its construction. But I can't figure out how\nないじゃない instead of はない works.\n\nSo, first, I'd like to know what happens structurally. Does ないで get inserted\nbetween こと and は, or does the は get dropped and じゃない added at the end?\n\nThen, second, how does this affect the meaning? Is it emphasis? Is it\nrhetorical? Does it show the speaker is upset? Or is it a form of feminine\nspeech?\n\nThank you in advance.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-25T19:58:50.617",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65709",
"last_activity_date": "2019-08-25T05:23:00.790",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "32522",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"expressions",
"negation"
],
"title": "に越したことはない vs に越したことないじゃない",
"view_count": 210
}
|
[
{
"body": "じゃない in this case functions as a confirmational rhetorical device, like,\n'isn't that right?'. This can occur after verbs, nouns, and adjectives (in\npositive and negative forms).\n\nことない isn't written as ことはない simply because it is more casual speech, and は\nfrequently gets dropped in casual speech （越したことはない = 越したことない).\n\n```\n\n Does ないで get inserted between こと and は? \n \n```\n\nI assume you mean 「～こしたことはないではない」？ \nじゃない is the casual form of ではない, and the first は has simply been omitted.\nAgain, trademarks of informal speech.\n\n**_ない／（ん）じゃない rhetorical phrasings:_**\n\n> 寒｛さむ｝い＋んじゃない？ Isn't it cold? \n> 寒｛さむ｝く＋ない？ Aren't you cold? \n> 寒｛さむ｝くない＋んじゃない。 It isn't cold, is it. \n> 田中｛たなか｝さん＋じゃない？ Isn't it/that Mr. Tanaka? \n> あの人｛ひと｝はもう来｛こ｝ない＋んじゃない？ That guy won't come again, will he? \n> 来｛き｝てくれる＋んじゃない？ Aren't you coming?\n\nYou can add ですか? after じゃない to strengthen the positive presumption aspect\nsomewhat.\n\n> 田中｛たなか｝さんじゃないですか I believe that is Mr. Tanaka.\n\nConversely, having a question mark at the end increases the unsure and\nspeculative nature of the rhetorical ('isn't it.' vs. 'isn't it?').\n\n```\n\n Does it show the speaker is upset? Or is it a form of feminine speech?\n \n```\n\nIt is not a form of feminine speech. It is not an indication that the speaker\nis upset, the exclamation point would be a likely indicator though.\n\nRelated post can be found\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/38428/double-negative-in-\nsentence-%E4%B8%80%E4%BA%BA%E3%81%8F%E3%82%89%E3%81%84%E3%81%AF%E6%9D%A5%E3%81%A6%E3%81%8F%E3%82%8C%E3%82%8B%E3%82%93%E3%81%98%E3%82%83%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E3%81%8B%E3%81%AA).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-25T23:00:42.880",
"id": "65711",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-26T03:09:29.530",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-26T03:09:29.530",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "27280",
"parent_id": "65709",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "I think this is\n[**litotes**](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B7%A9%E5%8F%99%E6%B3%95). And\nyou are mentioning a girl is saying that in a angry tone.\n\nThe intonation defines the meaning ex) \"Not bad! ⇒ excellent!\" ,while \"Not\nbad. → so so.\"\n\nThen, in this case, I think the girl wants to **emphasize** her conclusion.\n\n> The intonation should be よしゅうふくしゅうをしておくにこしたこと ないじゃない{HHLLLLL}!\n\nSo, She is **pretty sure** about that prepare and revise the stuff is **the\nbest** choice.\n\nAs @BJCUAI explained, if the girl is **unsure** about that, and she wants\nagreement or asking the opponent,\n\n> The intonation should be よしゅうふくしゅうをしておくにこしたこと ないじゃない{LLHHHH}?\n>\n> It is nothing better than prepare and revise stuff, **isn't it**?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-08-25T05:23:00.790",
"id": "70328",
"last_activity_date": "2019-08-25T05:23:00.790",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "34735",
"parent_id": "65709",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
65709
| null |
65711
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65717",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm trying to write\n\n> \"I have wanted to study Japanese from a young age\"\n\nAnd I have\n\n> \"若い時に私は日本語をずっと勉強したいです.\"\n\nDoes this work? How can I make it more correct?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-26T09:10:02.797",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65716",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-26T15:35:27.607",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-26T09:34:06.570",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "33096",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"syntax",
"tense",
"aspect"
],
"title": "How can 若い時 and ずっと work in this sentence?",
"view_count": 366
}
|
[
{
"body": "Your usage of ずっと is just fine, but there are some other errors. A minimally\ncorrected version is:\n\n> 若い時 **から** 私は日本語をずっと勉強 **したかったです** 。\n\n * に refers to one time point in the past. But your desire is a longstanding one that have remained even after you were no longer 若い. So you should use から (\"from\") instead.\n * Your desire basically belongs to the past, so you need to use the past-form of 勉強したいです.\n\nOptionally, you can express your longstanding desire up until now using ～ている,\nwhich is a way to express the continuation of an action. したい is an adjectival\nexpression that does not straightforwardly connect to ている, but you can add と思う\nand say:\n\n> 若い時から私は日本語をずっと勉強したい **と思っていました** 。\n\nThis one is longer, but sounds more sophisticated and natural to me.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-26T09:54:39.027",
"id": "65717",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-26T09:54:39.027",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65716",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "0) _From_ a young age:\n\n> 若いときから私は日本語をずっと勉強したいです。\n\n1) You should drop the 私は, since you can't say ~たい on behalf of someone else.\nIf there's a volition and it's not a question, it's strongly implied you're\ntalking about yourself. (If it is indeed a question, that means you're asking\nsomeone about what they want, in a _very_ direct manner. This should be\navoided, unless among close friends/family).\n\n> 若いときから日本語をずっと勉強したいです。\n\n2) You want to put the volition in the past tense.\n\n> 若いときから日本語をずっと勉強したかったです。\n\n3) You should put the ずっと earlier on in the sentence. You'd _always_ wanted to\nlearn Japanse, but you hadn't wanted to be _constantly_ learning Japanese.\n\n> 若いときからずっと日本語を勉強したかったです。\n\n4) As naruto says above, ～と思っている sounds less absolute and more natural.\n\n> 若いときからずっと日本語を勉強したいと思っていました。\n\n5) (Optionally:) If you're expressing your story among other people's stories,\nyou might want to put the 私 back in, but at the front, to establish a context\n(i.e \"speaking for myself, I've always wanted ..\" :\n\n> 私は、若いときからずっと日本語を勉強したいと思っていました。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-26T15:35:27.607",
"id": "65722",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-26T15:35:27.607",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33101",
"parent_id": "65716",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
65716
|
65717
|
65717
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65719",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm assuming there's certain punctuation involved in this sentence, but I\ndon't really understand what changes in the process of switching from\nhorizontal to vertical writing.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-26T11:08:43.657",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65718",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-26T18:22:07.633",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33097",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"manga",
"handwriting",
"anime"
],
"title": "How do I write \"ワンピースは実在する\" vertically?",
"view_count": 464
}
|
[
{
"body": "This sentence has no punctuation. Only ー will flip to a vertical line, the\nrest stays the same.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-26T11:15:16.453",
"id": "65719",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-26T11:15:16.453",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30039",
"parent_id": "65718",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "There is a tool here that could help you out:\n\n> <http://hinata.la.coocan.jp/tool/tategaki.cgi>\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/pY2xp.png)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-26T18:22:07.633",
"id": "65725",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-26T18:22:07.633",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7055",
"parent_id": "65718",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
65718
|
65719
|
65725
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm very sorry this is a very basic Question, I just started learning japanese\nas my third language (german being my native one and english my second) and\nRight now I learned a basic way of asking for Business Hours, what time it is\nRight now etc.\n\nBut I came across something I couldn't find explained: I can ask \"When does\nthe postoffice close\" or \"When does it (which was mentioned beforehand so I\ndon't have to repeat it here) close tomorrow\" But I can't put both in one\nsentence like \"When does the postoffice close tomorrow\" I hope you get what I\nmean? With my very limited Knowledge Right now I would Need to put two\nparticles to mark the subject of my sentence, which I can't do as far as I'm\nconcerned.\n\nI'm grateful for every help or someone who can tell me where this has already\nbeen answered.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-26T14:28:26.353",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65720",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-28T12:02:20.537",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33099",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles",
"particle-は"
],
"title": "How to specify a day and a shop/office/etc. when asking for business hours?",
"view_count": 119
}
|
[
{
"body": "Perhaps an easier way to ask for this information could be:\n\n> 明日{あす}の **営業時間{えいぎょうじかん}** は何時{なんじ}ですか？\n\n営業時間 means the \"operating hours\" and is a very common way _(especially on the\nphone)_ to ask when a business or office will be open or closed.\n\nNormally the response will be something like:\n\n * 朝{あさ}[10時]{じゅうじ}から[5時半]{ごじはん}です\n\nSo now you would know when the place opens and when it closes.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-26T16:59:01.393",
"id": "65723",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-28T12:02:20.537",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-28T12:02:20.537",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "7055",
"parent_id": "65720",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
65720
| null |
65723
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65724",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I would like to learn how to say \"I like to go bowling\" rather than \"I like\nbowling.\" That is, I want to emphasize that I like to do it, rather than that\nI like the sport in general.\n\nI believe 「ボウリングが好きです。」 would be how you'd say \"I like bowling (the sport)\"\nbut not necessarily that you like to do it yourself.\n\nI see that [ボウリング is a suru\nverb](https://jisho.org/word/%E3%83%9C%E3%82%A6%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0).\nDoes that mean that I should change it to a verb and then noun-ify it with の\nas in 「ボウリングするのが好きです。」? Or would this be unnatural because ボウリング is already a\nnoun?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-26T15:33:19.320",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65721",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-26T19:33:33.857",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "32013",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"english-to-japanese"
],
"title": "How would you say \"I like to go bowling\" and other suru verbs?",
"view_count": 870
}
|
[
{
"body": "I don't know why ボウリング is categorized as a suru-verb in jisho.org, but sport\nnames are generally just nouns in Japanese. Some English sport names are based\non verbs (\"to ski\", \"to fence\", etc.), but they are still nouns in Japanese.\nYou have to say スキー **を** する, ボウリング **を** する and so on in formal and standard\nJapanese. (But, as always, を can be omitted in colloquial language.)\n\n> ボウリングが好きです。 \n> I like bowling. (unspecific)\n>\n> ボウリング **を** するのが好きです。 \n> I like (to go) to bowl. (i.e., actually playing it myself)\n\nIf you want to be very explicit for some reason, you can add 実際に (\"actually\").\nFor example:\n\n> 見るのではなくて、実際にボウリングをするのが好きです。\n\n* * *\n\nBy the way, you can safely nominalize a (true) suru-verb with の, too. For\nexample, 車の運転が好きです and 車を運転するのが好きです are both perfectly fine.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-26T18:03:38.340",
"id": "65724",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-26T19:33:33.857",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-26T19:33:33.857",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65721",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
65721
|
65724
|
65724
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "死 is read either し or シ. What would be the difference compared to there being\nonly one reading?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-26T18:59:41.867",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65726",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-01T08:03:34.687",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30039",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"readings"
],
"title": "Identical on and kun readings",
"view_count": 134
}
|
[
{
"body": "I am a Japanese.\n\nin the case of \"onyomi\", we often use \"katakana\" like \"シ\".\n\n\"死神\" can be read as the whole of the word, like \"shinigami\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-01T08:03:34.687",
"id": "65775",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-01T08:03:34.687",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33119",
"parent_id": "65726",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
}
] |
65726
| null |
65775
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I came across the following expression:\n\n> あなたにはなにも引っ掛けてもらえなかった\n\nI traced it back\n[here](https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1432561279),\nand I loosely understand that this means that あなた (the character who is being\nspoken to) has been ignoring the character who is speaking.\n\nI'm having trouble parsing how 引っ掛ける is used in this case, however. Why is the\nparticle に(も) used instead of は or が? What does snot (if I understood that bit\ncorrectly in the page I linked to) have to do with ignoring somebody?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-26T22:04:19.863",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65727",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-06T23:34:46.780",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-27T01:27:50.710",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "14465",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"set-phrases"
],
"title": "What's the meaning of はなに引っ掛ける?",
"view_count": 215
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「あなたにはな **にも** 引{ひ}っ掛{か}けてもらえなかった。」\n\nEven though the vast majority of Japanese-speakers would understand this\nsentence with no problems (as I myself did some days ago), I am going to say\ntoday that it contains a mistake - a grammar one.\n\nAs\n[日本国語大辞典](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E9%BC%BB%E3%82%82%E5%BC%95%E3%81%A3%E6%8E%9B%E3%81%91%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84-2075017#E7.B2.BE.E9.81.B8.E7.89.88.20.E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC.E5.9B.BD.E8.AA.9E.E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E5.85.B8)\nsays:\n\n「鼻{はな} **も** 引っ掛けない」 is an idiomatic expression meaning\n「相手{あいて}にしない」、「無視{むし}する」, etc. That is \" ** _to ignore (completely)_** \" in\nEnglish.\n\nNote that 「鼻」 in this expression refers to \" ** _nazal discharge_** \" and\n**_not_** \"nose\".\n\n「も」 here is for emphasis, so it can naturally be replaced by 「さえも」. ← I will\ncome back to this as it is rather important.\n\n「引っ掛ける」 is only a \"rough\" version of 「掛ける」, which means \" ** _to spray_** \", \"\n** _to splash_** \", etc. in this context.\n\nThus, the super-literal meanng of the sentence in question is:\n\n> \"I was not even given the pleasure of getting your nazal discharge sprayed\n> on me.\"\n\nTo make that simpler and less masochistic, the more ordinary translation would\nbe \" ** _You ignored me completely!_** \" or \" ** _I was ignored completely by\nyou!_** \" as I stated above.\n\nNow, what is the mistake in the sentence in question, then? I would say it is\nthe use of 「に」 in 「はなにも」. As I said, the 「も」 alone functions as an emphasizer\nhere. The nazal discharge itself is not receiving an action, so there should\n**not** be that 「に」 there.\n\nFinally, I must also add that, in using a 「に」, another idiomatic expression\nthat contains 「鼻」 might have crossed the speaker's mind. That expression is:\n\n「鼻 **に** かける」\n\nIt means \"to brag about\", \"to boast\", etc. and it actually uses a 「に」.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-06T11:53:17.053",
"id": "65877",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-06T23:34:46.780",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-06T23:34:46.780",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "65727",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
65727
| null |
65877
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "Today I learn that word order is not very strict in Japanese. You could change\nthe order of noun phrases with no loss of meaning, as long as the correct\nparticles are used. I've learned this with the subject, object, and location\nparticles: が、を、で\n\nExample:\n\n> なおみが デパートで セーターを 買いました。\n>\n> デパートで なおみが セーターを 買いました。\n\nQuestion: Does the topic marker は conserve the independence of word order on\nthe meaning of a sentence? Could the grammatical topic be used interchangeably\nwith the subject? If in the previous example...\n\n> なおみは デパートで セーターを 買いました。\n>\n> デパートで なおみは セーターを 買いました。",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-26T22:16:57.750",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65728",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-27T01:26:02.660",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "33103",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles"
],
"title": "Word Order - は and が Particles",
"view_count": 120
}
|
[] |
65728
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65786",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I was looking at the following sentence under a picture that I unfortunately\ncannot provide:\n\n> 七五三のしゃしんです。\n\nI believe the sentence reads \"It's a picture of 753\"... which doesn't make\nsense.\n\nI know that we have the numbers here 七 (7), 五 (5) and 三 (3). However, I don't\nbelieve numbers are structured like this in Japanese, as far as I know.\nMethinks this sentence is trying to say the number 753, but in Japanese,\nwouldn't that be instead written as 七百五十三?\n\nAm I wrong, am I merely interpreting this incorrectly, or is there another\nproblem I am overlooking? May someone please help me and correct me if I am\nwrong?\n\nありがとうございます。",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-26T22:21:31.480",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65729",
"last_activity_date": "2020-03-26T06:57:28.197",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29594",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"usage",
"syntax",
"numbers"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of 七五三 in the sentence, 七五三のしゃしんです。",
"view_count": 589
}
|
[
{
"body": "Just to make a proper answer, 七五三 (read “shichi-go-san”, _not_ “nana-go-San”)\nrefers to a traditional Japanese festival and is used in the literal meaning\n“seven, five, three”. [From Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shichi-\nGo-San):\n\n> Shichi-Go-San (七五三, lit. \"Seven-Five-Three\") is a traditional rite of\n> passage and festival day in Japan for three- and seven-year-old girls and\n> five-year-old (and less commonly three-year-old) boys, held annually on\n> November 15 to celebrate the growth and well-being of young children.\n\nAt a guess, the sentence refers to someone’s photo from this festival.\n\nBy the way, it’s not the case here but long numbers written out positionally\nwith Kanji for numbers (plus ○ for zero) without 千、百、十 etc. do happen in\nJapanese (e.g. in price lists) although they’re rare in spoken speech AFAIK.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-01T22:01:38.980",
"id": "65786",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-01T22:46:51.797",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-01T22:46:51.797",
"last_editor_user_id": "3295",
"owner_user_id": "3295",
"parent_id": "65729",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "**Shichi-Go-San (七五三)** is a traditional rite of passage and festival day in\nJapan, held annually on November 15, in which three- and seven-year-old girls\nand five-year-old (and less commonly three-year-old) boys, along with their\nparents, visit shrines to pray for their growth and well-being. As it is not a\nnational holiday, it is generally observed on the nearest weekend.\n\nIt’s a tradition going back at least a thousand years to the Heian period,\nwhen nobles would celebrate their offspring’s transition from childhood to\nmiddle childhood.\n\nFollowing the visit, parents generally buy **Chitose-ame (千歳飴)** for the\nchildren. The candy is shaped like a stick and comes in a bag that carries\nillustrations of cranes and turtles--two animals that are symbols of long\nlife. Chitose literally means a thousand years and is used to denote very long\nperiods of time. The candy and the bag are both expressions of parents' wish\nthat their children lead long, prosperous lives.\n\nThe shichi-go-san ceremonies held to celebrate the child's growth are not\nalways carried out anymore. Nowadays they are often replaced by just a visit\nto the shrine to express gratitude and pray for the child's future. Another\nmodern trend is for parents to take the opportunity to have their child\nphotographed in ceremonial finery, and send the photos out to friends and\nfamily.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-03-26T06:57:28.197",
"id": "75211",
"last_activity_date": "2020-03-26T06:57:28.197",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20518",
"parent_id": "65729",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
65729
|
65786
|
65786
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65732",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm translating this book, and the character's full name pops up as \"\nクロウディア＝マッキェネン\". I managed to translate the first name as Claudia, but I don't\nknow if I should use McCunnen, McCullen, or some other possible translation\nfor her last name, and thusly I am in need for some advice.",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-27T01:30:19.250",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65731",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-27T03:46:39.507",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"pronunciation",
"names"
],
"title": "How do I pronounce/Translate this last name: マッキェネン into english?",
"view_count": 166
}
|
[
{
"body": "Here is a screenshot of the [official site of the X360\nport](http://www.phantom360.net/#character) (Flash-only):\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/qYrZa.png)\n\nSo she is officially **Claudia McCunnen**.\n\nネ always corresponds to the \"N\" consonant, not \"L\". Even without this site, we\ncan say McCullen is not really a valid transliteration.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-27T03:40:00.593",
"id": "65732",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-27T03:46:39.507",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-27T03:46:39.507",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65731",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
65731
|
65732
|
65732
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65734",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Context: a boxing champion is arm-wrestling against another boxer. The\nchampion is on the verge of losing, but he still doesn't give up, so the other\nboxer thinks:\n\n> このチャンピオン君\n>\n> ちぎれそうでちぎれへん\n>\n> **生命線** ってヤツを **守る** 〝底力〟はなかなかやね…\n\nIn Kenkyusha dictionary I found these two examples:\n\n> 生命線を守る _guard one's lifeline_\n>\n> 生命線を脅かす _threaten [menace] sb's lifeline_\n\nSo it seems that it is a common collocation, but what is the meaning in the\nsentence above and in general? Other than referring to the lifeline on the\npalm of one's hand or to something of vital importance, can 生命線 simply be a\nsynonym of \"life\"? Can it refer to a person's survival istinct?\n\n[In the manga page](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Cf0LP.jpg), there's actually a\nline that is \"tied\" to his fist. While [here you can\nsee](https://i.stack.imgur.com/TVLjA.jpg) how he \"breaks\" the line of the\nopponent when he beats him.\n\nI would also be grateful if you could explain the value of that で after ちぎれそう.\nThank you for your help!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-27T05:07:14.983",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65733",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-27T07:53:10.407",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "17797",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words",
"manga"
],
"title": "Meaning of 生命線を守る in the following sentence",
"view_count": 96
}
|
[
{
"body": "This type of 生命線 (usually figuratively) refers to something that keeps you\nalive when you are in danger. Loss of 生命線 means death (biologically or\nfiguratively). It can be a physical rope, food, oxygen, money, internet\nconnection, or anything depending on the type of danger you're facing. 命綱 is\nalso used in a similar manner.\n\nIn this manga, 生命線を守る底力 refers to increased strength exerted only when you're\nclose to defeat. (So...something like\n[this](https://monsterhunterworld.wiki.fextralife.com/Heroics). In Japanese\nthere is a word\n[火事場の馬鹿力](https://dic.pixiv.net/a/%E7%81%AB%E4%BA%8B%E5%A0%B4%E3%81%AE%E9%A6%AC%E9%B9%BF%E5%8A%9B);\nis there a generic term for this in English?) That visible line is an\nillustration of this concept.\n\nで after ちぎれそう is simply the te-form of だ.\n\n* * *\n\nBonus:\n\n * 生命線 also refers to [this line on the palm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmistry#Lines).\n * ライフライン in katakana usually refers to basic infrastructure of a society (electricity, gas, water, etc.) See: [ライフライン](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3)\n * _Lifeline_ in English also refers to emergency telephone counseling. This is sometimes referred to as ホットライン in Japanese.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-27T07:29:51.367",
"id": "65734",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-27T07:53:10.407",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-27T07:53:10.407",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65733",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
65733
|
65734
|
65734
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65741",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm trying to understand the following passage and the meaning of\n彼女だけは普段と変わらなかった in this context.\n\nI think it means the following: Even after シャロ had changed, she was still the\n\"same\" in front of ユラギ. However, for this interpretation I would have expected\nsomething like 彼女の前だけは which makes me think that it could mean something\ndifferent.\n\n> 「すまない、今は詳しく言えないが……彼女には在学中から思うところがあるのだ」\n>\n> 「ふむ？」\n>\n> 「妹の事故を境に性格が変わったんだ。貴族のお嬢様らしい振る舞いを覚えたのかと思いもしたが……」\n>\n> 「そんなに今と違うのか？」\n>\n> 「どちらかといえば活発で、皆の中心に立って引っ張っていく性格だったな」\n>\n> 「お嬢様のように感じたんだが……まるっきり違う性格だな。ユラギは何か言ってるのか？」\n>\n> 「ユラギはああいう性格だからな…… シャロが変わってしまっても **彼女だけは普段と変わらなかった** よ」\n>\n> 「ああ……それもそうだな」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-27T07:40:52.413",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65735",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-27T13:01:01.830",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-27T12:33:23.067",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "31487",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of 彼女だけは普段と変わらなかった",
"view_count": 126
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「ユラギはああいう性格だからな…… シャロが変わってしまっても彼女だけは普段と変わらなかったよ」\n\n彼女 refers to ユラギ.\n\n\"Even after シャロ had changed, she (=ユラギ) was still the same.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-27T13:01:01.830",
"id": "65741",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-27T13:01:01.830",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "65735",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
65735
|
65741
|
65741
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65762",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "> レベルが高い大学なので、簡単に合格できない。\n\nWhich of the following has the closest meaning with レベルが高い in this context?\n\n 1. 授業料が高い\n 2. 高級な\n 3. 難しい\n\nPutting aside number 1, both 2 and 3 seem correct. But usually 高級 refers to\nthe quality of goods and services, and while この大学の入学が難しい might sound correct,\nI don't know about 難しい大学.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-27T07:54:25.650",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65736",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-28T06:07:46.880",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-27T12:26:44.130",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "15891",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What does レベルが高い mean in this context?",
"view_count": 270
}
|
[
{
"body": "レベルが高い大学 means \"Universities whose education standard is high and their\nentrance examinations are difficult\", that is they are high-ranked\nuniversities.\n\n難しい大学 generally means \"Universities whose entrance examinations are\ndifficult\", so they are also high-ranked universities.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-27T11:39:46.203",
"id": "65739",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-27T11:51:16.463",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-27T11:51:16.463",
"last_editor_user_id": "7320",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "65736",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "It almost sounds as if the expression レベルが高い to describe a 大学 infers a little\nat all three, but in this expression it likely leans in meaning towards 2. and\n3.\n\nUsually it is the schools with the highest prestige that are all 1. the most\nexpensive, 2. offer the highest grade of instruction, and also 3. have the\ntoughest exams for admittance. I think it is a modern short-hand to describe\nan institution which actually meets all three of these criteria.\n\nIn this case, then, it depends on the position of the speaker, to identify\nwhich of the three the meaning leans toward when the speaker says 簡単に合格できない.\n\n> _If the speaker is already a student there_\n\nThis probably leans towards the high grade or difficulty of class topics or\npacing.\n\n> _If the speaker is a prospective student_\n\nThis might lean towards speaking about the difficulty of the entrance exams.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-27T17:22:14.063",
"id": "65743",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-27T17:22:14.063",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "21684",
"parent_id": "65736",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "レベルが高い大学 is a little ambiguous, but basically it's a common phrase to refer to\nuniversities listed in rankings like\n[these](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_States).\n難しい大学 is instantly understood as \"hard-to-enter\" at least in [this country\nwhere 受験 is very\nimportant](https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2014/02/02/language/its-never-\ntoo-early-to-start-juken/#.XHd2SVz7RjE). Naturally, a レベルが高い大学 is also\ndifficult to enter.\n\n高級な大学 is not a combination we normally hear in the first place. Google results\nfor this phrase mainly include pages that have\n高級な[大学芋](https://search.yahoo.co.jp/image/search?p=%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E8%8A%8B)\nand\n高級な[大学ノート](https://search.yahoo.co.jp/image/search?p=%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88).\nIf you insist, I would imagine 高級な大学 is like a university with gorgeous\nfurniture and high expenses; it's not directly associated with academic\nlevels.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-28T05:51:54.403",
"id": "65762",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-28T06:07:46.880",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-28T06:07:46.880",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65736",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
65736
|
65762
|
65762
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65755",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Stumbled upon this phrase. Dictionary as well as google does not yield any\nresults. Example would be: 3年の威厳ってやつをガッといったってください。",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-27T08:07:22.843",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65737",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-28T02:46:38.060",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29515",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of ガッといく",
"view_count": 257
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think this is ガッと言う rather than ガッと行く. While 行く sometimes [takes\nを](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/3243/5010), 威厳ってやつを行く doesn't make\nsense here. 威厳ってやつを言ったる is roughly the same as 威厳というものについて言ってやる.\n\nEither way, ガッと言う and ガッと行く are both used, and the meaning of the ガッと part\nwould be the same. ガッと (also written as ガーッと) is a Japanese mimetic adverb\nthat describes how an action/word is vigorous, powerful, quick or sharp. It's\nperhaps dialectal (I feel Kansai speakers tend to use it more often).",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-28T02:46:38.060",
"id": "65755",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-28T02:46:38.060",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65737",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
65737
|
65755
|
65755
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65756",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In this thing I'm reading, I see the following sentence:\n\n> 心の傷だって、治るには **時間がいる** でしょ\n\nThe speaker is talking about a long standing problem that the protagonist has.\nIt seems like it's 時間が要る, but is there any nuance difference that would cause\nthe author to choose to use that instead of 時間が必要でしょ?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-27T17:38:31.857",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65744",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-28T04:47:44.060",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-28T02:50:59.520",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "10045",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"nuances",
"wago-and-kango"
],
"title": "What's the difference between 時間がいる and 時間が必要?",
"view_count": 165
}
|
[
{
"body": "There is no significant semantic difference, but 要る is a wago and 必要 is a\nkango (Sino-Japanese word). This means 必要 sounds relatively stiffer. While 必要\nis also a perfect choice here since she is talking about something serious, 要る\nis mainly used in most casual daily conversations. Perhaps 要る is closer to\n\"need\" or \"want\", 必要 is closer to \"require\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-28T02:56:09.183",
"id": "65756",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-28T04:47:44.060",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-28T04:47:44.060",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65744",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
65744
|
65756
|
65756
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65750",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I stumbled upon this sentence:\n\n> どうやって彼らを誤魔化し **たものか** ──と思案するように、ヒューイは愛想笑いを浮かべた。\n\nand I was told that I should understand it as\n\n> どうやって彼らを誤魔化 **せばいいだろうか** ──と思案するように、ヒューイは愛想笑いを浮かべた。\n\nHowever I can't find in any dictionary at hand an entry which would explain\nthis usage of ものか nor how past tense can express something that has yet to\nhappen?\n\nMore context here:\n\n> 両手で耳を塞いだまま、ダリアンが非難がましい視線をヒューイに向ける。ヒューイは無言で肩をすくめた。\n>\n> 二人が廊下に出たのとほぼ同時に、調理場からも料理人たちが数人、驚いた顔で駆け出してきた。銃声を聞きつけたのだろう。\n>\n> どうやって彼らを誤魔化したものか──と思案するように、ヒューイは愛想笑いを浮かべた。\n>\n> だが、その表情はすぐに強張った。\n>\n> ヒューイに近づいてくるにつれて、料理人たちの様子が変わってきたのだ。\n>\n> まるで催眠にでもかかったみたいに、彼らの表情がうつろになり、目だけがぎらぎらとした強い光を放っている。餓えた獣のような眼差しだ。\n>\n> 彼らが見つめているのは、ダリアンではなくヒューイのほうだった。\n>\n> 料理人たちの視線に敵意は感じない。\n>\n> 『ダリアンの書架』より",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-27T19:36:39.240",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"particle-か",
"past"
],
"title": "What does the ~たものか mean in どうやって彼らを誤魔化したものか?",
"view_count": 1203
}
|
[
{
"body": "Sounds to me like 「どうやって...たものか」would be a way of emphatically expressing\nrhetorical disbelief in the possibility of something, as in, _**\" how\ncould...\"**_, perhaps similar to saying「いったいどうやって...できるか」\n\nMaybe in the context you mention, _\" **how**_ (he) _**could/would**_ fool\nthem\"*\n\nSo you might translate that sentence this way:\n\n * **どうやって彼らを誤魔化したものか** ──と思案するように、ヒューイは愛想笑いを浮かべた。\n * Huey smiled politely, thinking **how (he) would fool them**.\n\nHere are a couple similar examples...\n\nfrom Yahoo!知恵袋:\n\n> 私は今日、生まれて初めて投票に行ったのですが、 **どうやって投票したものか** よくわからず、そのまま投票しました。\n\n * Despite today being the first time in my life I've ever been to vote, I voted just the same **without really knowing how**.\n\nfrom a novel:\n\n> 眼に眼帯をしている以外はどこも悪くない人間が、 **どうやって暇をつぶしたものか** 、というのを考え込んでしまった。\n\n * I couldn't stop thinking about **just _how_** a person with nothing wrong with them other than wearing an eye-patch **would spend their free time**.\n\nAlso, I was thinking about the phrase, 「知るもんか！」meaning \"How would I know!\" as\nbeing a related expression.\n\nFrom definition of「もの」at <https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E3%82%82%E3%81%AE>\n\n> もの（形式名詞）「…ものか」「…ものではない」などの形で：\n>\n> * **否定を強調する**\n>\n\n>\n> 「そんなことがある－か」 「誰が言う－ですか」 「何をするかわかった－ではない」\n\nThe following definitions are specific to the phrase「ものか」and explain that it\nis used to express **強い反語の意** , or **strong rhetorical doubt** :\n\n<https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E3%82%82%E3%81%AE%E3%81%8B>\n\nFrom these definitions and examples, I take it that「もの」expresses 否定の強調\n_(strong negation)_ and「か」expresses 疑問 _(doubt)_ , so it's the combination of\nthose two parts that results in a phrase expressing a 強い反語的疑問 _(strong\nrhetorical doubt)_.\n\n * もの（否定強調）＋か（疑問）＝反語の意\n\nWhen a perfect-aspect verb is affixed to this, like **～た** ものか（「投票 **した**\nものか」、「暇を **つぶした** ものか」）this makes a phrase that casts strong rhetorical doubt\nonto a completed action.\n\n> \" **how could**... (this action be completed)\"\n\nI think my answer provides some background to how this phrase is formed. The\nmeaning and usage is explained really well in the answer from @Setris.",
"comment_count": 9,
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"creation_date": "2019-02-27T21:11:01.600",
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"body": "I believe what you are looking for can be found in a grammar dictionary, not a\nstandard dictionary. According to [A Dictionary of Advanced Japanese\nGrammar](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/3683033-a-dictionary-of-advanced-\njapanese-grammar), this ものか is \"a phrase indicating that the speaker wants to\ndo [something] or is wondering what one he/she should choose\".\n\nIn the context of the sentence you gave, it would be \"how one should\ndo/accomplish something\".\n\nRelevant notes from the grammar entry about the particular formation you are\ninterested in, ～たものか, are cited below.\n\nKey sentence:\n\n> (B) 修士論文の題目をどのように決めたものか（と）迷っています。\n>\n> (I am at a loss as to how I should choose my MA thesis topic.)\n\nFormation:\n\n> [An interrogative word (e.g. なに、どこ)] + [Informal form of verb (past)] + ものかと\n> + [Verb of thinking]\n>\n> どこへ行ったものかと｛思う／考える｝ (someone thinks about where he should go)\n>\n> どうしたものか（と）｛迷う／思案する｝ (someone wonders what to do)\n>\n> Note: The conjunction と is obligatory when the main verb is 思う or 考える, but\n> it is optional when the verb is 迷う or 思案する. [So と must be used in example\n> (f) (see below), but it is optional in key sentence (B).]\n\nSome examples:\n\n> (d) 日本語を勉強したいんですが、どの大学を選んだものかと考えているところです。\n>\n> (I want to study Japanese, and I'm wondering which university I should\n> choose.)\n>\n> (e) 今年の夏は海外旅行をしようと思っていますが、どの国に行ったものかと思案中です。\n>\n> (We're thinking of making a trip abroad this coming summer, and we are\n> trying to figure out which country to visit.)\n>\n> (f) 子供が反抗期に入っている。その期間を問題なく乗り越えるにはどうしたものかと思っている。\n>\n> (Our child has entered the rebellious stage of life. I'm wondering what we\n> should do to get through this period without problems.)\n\nIt also mentions that ものか in this formation (like in key sentence (B)) can be\nreplaced by たらいいか or べきか without changing the meaning.\n\n> 修士論文の題目をどのように｛決めたもの／決めたらいい／決めるべき｝か（と）迷っています。\n>\n> 日本語を勉強したいんですが、どの大学を｛選んだもの／選んだらいい／選ぶべき｝かと考えているところです。\n>\n> 今年の夏は海外旅行をしようと思っていますが、どの国に｛行ったもの／行ったらいい／行くべき｝かと思案中です。",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-02-28T00:21:28.437",
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"score": 5
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|
65750
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "65763",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm having some issues translating the first part (bolded) of this\nmetaphor/saying(?) into English.\n\n> **世に孵ることを拒む卵はなく** 、 芽吹くことを拒む種子もあり得ない.\n\nHow does the verb 孵る work on the こと part of the sentence, and does the full\nsentence end in the adjectival phrase \"あり得ない\" or does it end with a nai-form\n\"得\"?\n\nThe two possible translations I have at the moment are:\n\n> In life to hatch out is a circumstance that to prevent the infant’s cries,\n> is impossible as the seed denys its circumstances to bud.\n\nand\n\n> In society to hatch out is an occurrence that to prevent the infant’s cries,\n> is as impossible as the seed rejecting its circumstances to bud.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-27T21:33:38.010",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65747",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-28T11:52:05.237",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"word-choice",
"usage",
"phrase-requests"
],
"title": "Unknown Japanese saying: 世に孵ることを拒む卵はなく、 芽吹くことを拒む種子もあり得ない",
"view_count": 168
}
|
[
{
"body": "Let me break it down to smaller chunks...\n\n世に孵ることを拒む refuse to hatch into this world (← relative clause that modifies 卵) \n卵 egg \nは (topic particle) \nなく don't exist (← continuative form of ない(無い)) \n芽吹くことを拒む refuse to germinate (← relative clause that modifies 種子) \n種子 seed \nも either \nあり得ない can not exist\n\nTo put them back together, I think it means something like...\n\n> 世に孵ることを拒む卵はなく、芽吹くことを拒む種子もあり得ない。\n\n\"There are no eggs that refuse to hatch into this world, and there cannot be\nseeds that refuse to sprout out, either.\"",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-28T08:02:08.793",
"id": "65763",
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"owner_user_id": "9831",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
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65747
|
65763
|
65763
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65796",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "Xに捕まる was used when describing the speaker getting grabbed by X when trying to\nleave.\n\nWhy was the intransitive used over passive when it was Xに...?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-27T23:13:29.753",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65748",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-03T06:13:21.913",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "31573",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"passive-voice",
"transitivity"
],
"title": "Xに捕まる vs Xに捕まえられる",
"view_count": 586
}
|
[
{
"body": "I am a Japanese. \"Xに捕まえられる\" -> we can use it. this sentence include a negative\nmeaning. for example, if the speaker has made a bad thing, we can use this\nsentence sometime. \"Xに捕まる\" -> we can use it more often than \"Xに捕まえられる\".\n\"Xに捕まる\"-> this sentence does not include both a negative and positive meaning.\nIt does not depend on any situation.\n\nDoes that make sense?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-28T05:31:42.983",
"id": "65761",
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"score": 3
},
{
"body": "I'll try to explain about Y is caught by X.\n\n 1. 捕まる is an intransitive verb. YがXに捕まる is not grammatically a passive voice in Japanese.The translation can be Y is caught by X.\n\n 2. Another verb, 捕まえる, is a transitive verb. XがYを捕まえる means X catches Y. * 捕まえる is also an active voice. The passive voice of 捕まえる is 捕まえられる. YがXに捕まえられる has almost same meaning as the sentence 1.\n\nWhen you say \"Y is caught by X\" in Japanese, you have two choices: 1.\nYがXに捕まる(intransitive, active), 2. YがXに捕まえられる(transitive, passive voice of\n捕まえる).\n\nHope it helps.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-01T12:15:31.187",
"id": "65779",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-03-03T06:13:21.913",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "In Japanese, there are a few verbs that take に and seem to have \"inherently\npassive\" meanings. 見つかる (\"to be found by ～\") and 捕まる (\"to be caught by ～\") are\nrepresentative examples of this. They are called 受動詞 or \"passive-like verb\" by\nsome linguists. See my answer here: [Other uses of the particle に in\nお兄ちゃんには見つからない](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/30577/5010) If you are\ninterested, [this article (in\nJapanese)](https://tsukuba.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_action_common_download&item_id=26006&item_no=1&attribute_id=17&file_no=1)\ninvestigates their nuances and etymology, but it's too difficult at least to\nme :D\n\nNow, specifically about the difference between ～に捕まる and ～に捕まえられる, they are\nboth correct, but people usually use the former because it's shorter. I cannot\nthink of any example where 捕まえられる is better. (This does not mean all 受動詞 are\npreferred over the longer ones -- 知られる and 教えられる are both common and are even\npreferred depending on the situation.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-02T09:08:44.983",
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}
] |
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|
65796
|
65761
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65760",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In this sentence: \"Toukyou ni hikkoshite, go-nen ni naru, \" => Since moving to\nTokyo, it has been [it comes out to] five years.\n\nFrom this site: <https://www.satorireader.com/articles/sanzu-no-kawa-\nepisode-2-edition-m>\n\nて-form is interpreted as if it was てから. Is this possible, and if so, usual? I\ndo see て-form quite frequently when sequencing actions and/or indicating a\ncausality (e.g. 家族に会えなくて、寂しいです). But so far, when explicitely expressing\n\"since\" から had always been used. It would be nice if someone could explain\nthis phenomenon above, or at least point me to some ressources :)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-27T23:47:18.257",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"て-form"
],
"title": "Can から be omitted in てから?",
"view_count": 134
}
|
[
{
"body": "I am a Japanese. you can use \"Toukyou ni hikkoshite kara, go-nen ni naru\" as\nwell as \"Toukyou ni hikkoshite, go-nen ni naru\" this type of sentence is used\nwhen you want to show the \"time lapse\".\n\n\"て\" of \"家族に会えなくて、寂しいです\" -> this sentence show a reason.\n\nDoes that make sense?",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2019-02-28T05:16:44.143",
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65749
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65760
|
65760
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{
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"body": "Is the お used at the start of the following dialogue a honorific お?\n\n> [お得意の洗脳か]\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MgsmV.jpg)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-28T01:18:13.363",
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"last_editor_user_id": "26406",
"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"honorifics"
],
"title": "Is the お used at the start of the sentence a honorific お?",
"view_count": 124
}
|
[
{
"body": "Yes, but in this case it is sarcastic by being too polite.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2019-02-28T02:22:55.923",
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65751
| null |
65753
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65757",
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"body": "I'm trying to figure out on how to read this properly\n\n> 火日参拾月参\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/n4P0q.png)\n\nThe translation is supposed to be\n\n> Monday, March 13th\n\nNow maybe it's because I'm still confused on what the correct reading\ndirection is (left-to-right or righ-to-left), but I still don't understand why\nit's supposed to be \" **Monday** \".\n\nI (think I) do know the following\n\n> 月参 = month 3 = March\n>\n> 参拾 = 3 1 = 13\n\nBut then I'm left with\n\n> 火日 = ?\n\nI tried looking up just the days of the week...\n\n> 火曜日 = Tuesday ; 月曜日 = Monday\n\n...but that confused me even further.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-28T02:32:13.273",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65754",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-28T06:11:42.430",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "33114",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "How to read 火日参拾月参",
"view_count": 645
}
|
[
{
"body": "I believe it's written [right-to-\nleft](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/13076/5010). After changing the\ndirection, it's:\n\n> 参月 拾参日 火\n\nOr:\n\n> 三月 十三日 火\n\nWhich reads \"March\", \" **13th** (day of month)\", \" **Tuesday** \",\nrespectively. Perhaps the translator was also confused :)\n\nAs you probably know, the standard format of dates in Japanese is `month 月 day\n日`, optionally followed by the day of the week. For example, today is\n\"2月28日(木)\".",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-28T03:16:02.823",
"id": "65757",
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
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}
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65754
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|
65757
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65764",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm aware that\n\n```\n\n ご家族は何人ですか\n \n```\n\nmeans how many people are in your family? But the ご how is used? What does\nmean?\n\nIt would be the same as\n\n```\n\n あなたの家族は何人ですか/家族は何人ですか?\n \n```",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-28T04:14:38.287",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65758",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-01T03:03:26.917",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-01T03:03:26.917",
"last_editor_user_id": "9749",
"owner_user_id": "18124",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What does the prefix ご in this sentence mean?",
"view_count": 196
}
|
[
{
"body": "ご is used as a respected word. for example, if you are a questioner for a\nboss, you should use ご.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-28T04:53:05.200",
"id": "65759",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-28T04:53:05.200",
"last_edit_date": null,
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},
{
"body": "It's similar to the honorific お.\n\n[Japanese honorific prefixes お and ご (‘O’ and\n‘Go’)](http://selftaughtjapanese.com/2014/03/21/japanese-honorific-\nprefixes-%E3%81%8A-and-%E3%81%94-o-and-go/)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-28T09:43:12.730",
"id": "65764",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-28T09:43:12.730",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18939",
"parent_id": "65758",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
65758
|
65764
|
65764
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65766",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I saw following quotes:\n\n```\n\n アメリカは初めてです。 \n This is my first time to America. \n \n```\n\nI've learned about `<n.> は <n.|adj.> です`. Checking at several dictionaries,\n'初めて' is an adverb. Is it OK to use an adverb in `<n.> は <adv.> です`?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-28T14:13:04.323",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65765",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-28T14:45:25.150",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-28T14:25:43.683",
"last_editor_user_id": "32689",
"owner_user_id": "32689",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"adverbs"
],
"title": "初めてです, is '初めて' an adverb?",
"view_count": 634
}
|
[
{
"body": "No, you cannot attach です to an adverb. But 初めて is **both** an adverb and no-\nadjective. (A no-adjective is a special type of noun that is semantically\nsimilar to an English adjective. See [this\nquestion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/2770/5010).) You can confirm\nthis fact in [jisho.org's\nentry](https://jisho.org/search/%E5%88%9D%E3%82%81%E3%81%A6). For example, you\ncan say 初めてのアメリカ, which means \"(my) first (trip to) America\".\n\n(Similar things happen all the time also in English; _fast_ as in \"this train\nis fast\" is an adjective, but _fast_ as in \"this train runs fast\" is an\nadverb.)",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-28T14:26:15.183",
"id": "65766",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-28T14:45:25.150",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-28T14:45:25.150",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65765",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 11
}
] |
65765
|
65766
|
65766
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65769",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The phrase in question is: 広瀬さんが指導碁をお願いしにみえてるんだけど\n\nIn context, I think it means something like \"Hirose-san came to ask for a\nteaching game, but...\" but I still have not been able to break down my\nunderstanding of this phrase to my own satisfaction.\n\nIt is the form しにみえてる that I am stuck on. As I understand it,\n[にみえる](https://japanesetest4you.com/flashcard/learn-\njlpt-n4-grammar-%E3%81%AB%E3%81%BF%E3%81%88%E3%82%8B-ni-mieru/) usually means\nthat something appears a certain way (appears to be asking for a teaching\ngame?), but in that case then I would expect the form て見える or ように見える when\nattached to a verb, I have not been able to find this form of 連用形 + に見える。\n\nI also understand that v1連用形 + に + v2 means to do v2 for the purpose of v1,\nfor example 見に行く means to go see something. [But it seems this only applies to\nmovement verbs like 行く and 見える is not such a\nverb.](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/2957/is-it-true-that-only-\nmovement-verbs-can-take-v-stem%E3%81%AB-to-express-a-\npurpose?noredirect=1&lq=1)\n\nI also thought of てみる (trying to ask for a teaching game?) but I don't think\nthat makes sense here either and anyway there is no て form.\n\nThanks again for all your help.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/TZMiK.png)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-28T16:46:21.673",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65768",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-01T10:22:04.963",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30813",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 12,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "what does しにみえてる mean?",
"view_count": 1645
}
|
[
{
"body": "This 見える is an honorific version of (訪ねて)来る. You can think of it as a slightly\nless polite variant of お見えになる.\n\n> ### [み・える【見える】](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/210883/meaning/m0u/)\n>\n> ［動ア下一］［文］み・ゆ［ヤ下二］\n>\n> ５ 「来る」の尊敬語。おいでになる。いらっしゃる。「先生が―・えました」\n\nThus, this 見える _is_ a movement verb, and the grammar of 見に行く applies in this\ncase, too.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-02-28T17:40:53.597",
"id": "65769",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-28T17:40:53.597",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65768",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 16
}
] |
65768
|
65769
|
65769
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I want to know how to say the term ''idle animation'' in Japanese. It's what a\ncharacter from a videogame does when standing still for too long. Ex: Sonic.\n\nI have seen people in twitter use ''アイドルアニメーション'', but I wonder if it is the\ncorrect term.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-01T02:39:18.683",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65771",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-01T08:22:37.777",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-01T08:22:37.777",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "33131",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"words",
"word-requests",
"phrase-requests"
],
"title": "How do I say ''Idle animation'' in Japanese?",
"view_count": 229
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 待機{たいき}モーション\n\n... is the common word used to describe idle animations.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-01T03:12:13.290",
"id": "65772",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-01T03:12:13.290",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7055",
"parent_id": "65771",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
65771
| null |
65772
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65899",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I noticed some people write the following,\n\n> まあいいか or まあいっか or まあええか or まあえっか\n\nWhich is the correct one? What is the etymology of this expression, and for\nwhat situation? Please give me some examples.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-01T04:38:52.773",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65773",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-08T07:53:22.257",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-01T06:33:14.290",
"last_editor_user_id": "11192",
"owner_user_id": "11192",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"title": "まあいいか or まあいっか or まあええか or まあえっか",
"view_count": 2922
}
|
[
{
"body": "All the words you posted are correct.\n\n\"まあいいか\" and \"まあいっか\" --> are used the common sentences. \"まあええか\" and \"まあえっか\"\n---> are often used in Kansai region.\n\n\"まあいいか\" \"まあいっか\" \"まあええか\" \"まあえっか\" all Japanese can the meaning. you can use all\nof them in every area in Japan.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-01T05:11:11.407",
"id": "65774",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-01T05:11:11.407",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33119",
"parent_id": "65773",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "> Which is the correct one?\n\nAll four forms are \"correct\".\n\nRoughly speaking, 「ええ」 is the Western Japan version of 「いい」. Thus, 「いっか」 is\nthe more casual/informal version of 「いいか」, and 「えっか」 is that of 「ええか」.\n\nRoughly speaking again, 「いいか」 and 「いっか」 are heard more often in Eastern Japan\n(including Tokyo) and 「ええか」 and 「えっか」 are heard more often in Western Japan.\n\nIn my hometown Nagoya, which is located right in the middle of the country,\nall four forms are actually used pretty much with equal frequency. This,\nhowever, would be a Central-Japan-only phenomenon.\n\nMoving on to the meaning and nuance..\n\n「まあ」(also pronounced just 「ま」 colloquially) in this expression is an adverb\nmeaning \" ** _just barely satisfactorily_** \". In other words, it is used to\ndescribe an \" ** _Oh well_** \" kind of quality.\n\n「いいか」 is casually asking yourself if something is good enough for you as in \"\n** _Should I take it? Well, I guess I should (because I don't have a better\noption)_**.\"\n\nThus, it is not such a simple task to \"translate\" 「まあいいか」 as it only uses\nthree words. Options would include:\n\n**_\"Oh well, I/we will take it, then.\"_**\n\n**_\"Alright, I guess I'll just call it good (for now).\"_**\n\nAs always, the context itself will select a good translation for you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-08T03:40:49.473",
"id": "65899",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-08T07:53:22.257",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-08T07:53:22.257",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "65773",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
65773
|
65899
|
65899
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65794",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Is からすると contraction of から判断すると?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-01T08:08:21.397",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65776",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-02T07:42:38.847",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18134",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "Is からすると contraction of から判断すると?",
"view_count": 125
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think ～からすると is a contraction of nothing; it is a set phrase by itself. But\nmeaning-wise, yes it means either ～から判断すると (\"judging from ～\") or ～の観点から考えると\n(\"from the standpoint of ～\"). Here's an example of からすると which does _not_ mean\nから判断すると:\n\n> 彼からすると私は馬鹿だ。 \n> From his point of view, I am an idiot. (rather than \"Judging from him,\n> ...\")",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-02T06:29:02.207",
"id": "65794",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-02T07:42:38.847",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-02T07:42:38.847",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65776",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
65776
|
65794
|
65794
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've been wanting to translate some J-Pop songs for myself. Then I came across\nthis song and found this phrase. I don't really understand what the phrase\nintend to tell at all. What I think of is this phrase tell something about\nsomeone who's really nervous, but I don't know the literal translation of it.\nIt's more confusing because after this sentences, it's followed by\n\"標高3000メートル？\" which I assume the literal trans is \"3000 meters above the sea\".\n\nI'm really glad if anyone is willing to tell me the literal translation and\nwhat does it mean. Thank you very much!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-01T11:06:13.340",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65778",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-01T16:25:51.990",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31246",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"song-lyrics"
],
"title": "What's the meaning of \"心臓って耳の中にあったんだね\"?",
"view_count": 122
}
|
[
{
"body": "The literal translation would be \"There is a heart in my ears, isn't there?\",\nbut I think it implies that \"He clearly can hear his heart beating\", because\nhe likes her. When people like someone, their heart are beating, aren't they?\n\nThe sentence after 標高3000メートル is 酸素が足りない. In 3000 meters above the sea, oxygen\nis a little. So it implies that \"He has difficulty in his breathing\". When\npeople like someone, it sometimes happens, isn't it?\n\nSo the sentences are figurative expression and imply that \"His heart are\nbeating and he has difficulty in his breathing because he likes her.\"\n\nThis is the song. <https://mojim.com/twy118703x9x4.htm>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-01T12:55:45.653",
"id": "65780",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-01T16:25:51.990",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-01T16:25:51.990",
"last_editor_user_id": "7320",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "65778",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
65778
| null |
65780
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65784",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The particle と has several use cases, two of which are:\n\n**1) Connecting two nouns**\n\nExample:\n\n> 林檎とバナナを買いました。 \n> I bought apples and bananas.\n\n**2) Indicating that something is done together with somebody**\n\nExample:\n\n> 私は山田さんと映画を見ました。 \n> I watched a movie together with Yamada.\n\nNow I came across an example which seems to be ambiguous:\n\n> 私は山田さんとジョンさんに行きました。\n\nI would translate this to 'I went with Yamada to John'. However, couldn't it\nalso mean 'I went to John and Yamada' since how to tell to whom Yamada is\nconnected? Either I visit John **and** Yamada (1) or I go **with** Yamada to\nJohn (2).\n\nHow would someone express this difference in Japanese?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-01T14:55:45.557",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65781",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-02T18:11:35.430",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-01T16:00:49.683",
"last_editor_user_id": "22352",
"owner_user_id": "33139",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-と",
"ambiguity"
],
"title": "Ambiguity with particle と",
"view_count": 169
}
|
[
{
"body": "There's a pretty major grammar error in the sentence you are asking about. You\nsaid:\n\n> 私は山田さんとジョンさんに行きました。\n\nThe problem here is with the particle に, as it treats John as a place. に is a\nparticle with a variety of uses, I'll list the ones contained in _A Dictionary\nof Basic Japanese Grammar_ (Makino and Tsutsui).\n\n> 1. A particle that indicates a point of time at which something takes\n> place.\n> 2. An indirect object marker.\n> 3. A particle that indicates an agent or a source in passive, causative,\n> _morau_ ... and other receiving constructions.\n> 4. A particle that indicates the surface of something upon which some\n> action directly takes place.\n> 5. A particle which indicates purpose when someone moves from one place to\n> another.\n> 6. A particle which indicates the location where someone or something\n> exists.\n>\n\nOf these various uses of に, the use that best applies to your sentence is\nnumber six. The sentence given is grammatically incorrect because John is not\na place, but a person. If we were to edit your sentence like this,\n\n> 私は山田さんとジョンさん **のアパート** に行きました。 \n>\n\nwe have a grammatical sentence. In this case, the use of と in this sentence\nwould be either of your two options. In one case, it would be:\n\n> I went to Mr. Yamada and John's apartment.\n\nIn the other case, it would be:\n\n> I went with Mr. Yamada to John's apartment.\n\nThe only way we can determine which use of the particle と that we are using\nwill depend on the context surrounding the sentence. If this sentence were\nspoken on its own, you would put a slight emphasis on the と to indicate that\nyou are going _with_ Mr. Yamada to John's apartment. Context matters a lot in\nJapanese.\n\nIf we were to edit this sentence to be grammatical in another way,\n\n> 私は山田さんとジョンさん **と映画館** に行きました。 \n> I went with Mr. Yamada and John to the movie theater.\n\nwe have use of _both_ of the と particle definitions.\n\nLong story short, this isn't an issue with the particle と so much as it is an\nissue with an ungrammatical use of に.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-01T17:10:56.327",
"id": "65784",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-02T18:11:35.430",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-02T18:11:35.430",
"last_editor_user_id": "22352",
"owner_user_id": "22352",
"parent_id": "65781",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
65781
|
65784
|
65784
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65787",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "This is from the manga 「腐女子交流記 ～アラサー×JK～ 」, a 4-koma about the life of female\notaku. On this page two colleagues are discussing how it’s not easy to be an\notaku when one is no longer young and friends get busy with life and family.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/uSJpp.jpg)\n\n> コス香 「好きなだけやればいいってのはわかってるんですけど」\n>\n> コス香 「私…いつまでコスプレできるんでしょうか…」だばー\n>\n> オタ子「悲しい話になってきたわね…」\n>\n> オタ子 「このまま **一軒** どう？」ぐすっ\n>\n> コス香「お伴します」\n\nI know that `一軒` means “one house/home” but not sure if here it’s used in\nliteral sense or something metaphorical. Is Otako offering Kosuka to move in\ntogether? BTW she’s living alone in a rental apartment (マンション).\n\nIncidentally, the page is titled 「上を向いて歩こう」 but this seems to just refer to\nthem both crying and not related (?) to the line in question.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-01T21:13:26.443",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65785",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-01T22:47:10.377",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "3295",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"manga"
],
"title": "Meaning of 一軒 in context",
"view_count": 132
}
|
[
{
"body": "Otako is saying \"how about a drink?\" 一軒 refers to one izakaya/pub. \"一軒どう?\" and\n\"一杯どう?\" almost always mean this.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-01T22:47:10.377",
"id": "65787",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-01T22:47:10.377",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65785",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
65785
|
65787
|
65787
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "So I was wondering, pretty much all of the sleep related verbs switch meaning\nwith まで and までに.\n\nWas it always like that? Or was there a time when ８時まで寝る meant \"going to bed\nat 8\"?\n\nOr take the even more obvious 寝入る, same story. ８時まで寝入る _shouldn't_ mean\ngetting up at 8.\n\nJust curious where that original meaning went or if it was always like that.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-01T23:13:24.363",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65788",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-01T23:30:02.947",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-01T23:30:02.947",
"last_editor_user_id": "3488",
"owner_user_id": "3488",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"history",
"aspect",
"linguistics",
"particle-まで"
],
"title": "Sleeping verbs and まで vs までに",
"view_count": 162
}
|
[] |
65788
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65795",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Just as there are so-called rough synonyms for 食べる{たべる}, namely, 食う{くう},\n食らう{くらう} and 食む{はむ}, to represent eating with different nuance, are there any\nknown variants of 飲む{のむ} for drinking?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-02T00:45:26.843",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65789",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-02T17:22:21.417",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7058",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"verbs",
"synonyms",
"casual"
],
"title": "Is there a rough variant of 飲む{のむ}?",
"view_count": 184
}
|
[
{
"body": "You can use 食らう with drinks (usually alcohol), too.\n\n> ### [食らう](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/63348/meaning/m0u/)\n>\n> １ 「食べる」 **「飲む」** のぞんざいな言い方。「大飯 (おおめし) を―・う」 **「大酒を―・う」**\n\nBut note that 食らう is a relatively uncommon word usually used to emphasize\none's vulgarity or laziness. 食う is much more common in daily conversations of\nordinary people, but I think there is no equivalent of 食う for drinking.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-02T07:57:45.197",
"id": "65795",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-02T08:25:30.653",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
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"score": 4
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{
"body": "I've listed a few possibilities with their sources below:\n\n> > **杯をほす** to drink (used idiomatically as 'to drain the cup') [三省堂 スーパー大辞林] \n> **飲みほす** to drink up (三省堂 スーパー大辞林) \n> **いただく** to humbly receive a beverage (although of course the meaning is\n> not specifically 'drink') \n> **食らう** can be used for drinks too, as naruto pointed out in his post \n> **喫する** to eat, to drink (EDICT) \n> **喫す** to eat, to drink (EDICT) \n> **召し上がる** can also be used for beverages, ie お酒を召し上がる\n\nAnother possibility would be to use a mimetic word such as **ぐびぐび** :\n\n> > 酒をぐびぐび（と）やる\n> ([kotobank](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%81%90%E3%81%B3%E3%81%90%E3%81%B3-484750))\n\nThere are probably more possibilities too, if you include idiomatic phrases. I\nwould add that the examples above don't strike me as very common usages, with\nthe exceptions of いただく and 召し上がる, which are not strictly speaking what you\nwere looking for. But hopefully that helps anyway.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-02T16:17:36.423",
"id": "65801",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-02T17:22:21.417",
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"score": 2
}
] |
65789
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65795
|
65795
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65798",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "This kanji \"ask\" when I researched on it I found that the 門 part is a phonetic\nand this common with kanjis contain 門 .. but i found this\n[site](https://kanjiportraits.wordpress.com/2015/08/01/the-\nkanji-%E6%88%B8%E6%89%80%E9%96%80%E5%95%8F%E9%96%93%E9%96%8B%E9%96%89%E9%96%A2%E9%96%A3-%E3%82%82%E3%82%93%E3%81%8C%E3%81%BE%E3%81%88/)\nwhich says that this part 門 in kanji 問 not a phonetic but it has the meaning\n\"to hide something behind the gate\" and this meaning + ロ kanji meant that to\n\"ask\" about something which hidden behind the gate or the door.\n\nIs this etymology right? And if it's right how did the author know this\ninformation about the meaning of \"門 part using\" in the kanjis?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-02T01:54:30.450",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65792",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-02T10:57:41.103",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-02T09:57:32.633",
"last_editor_user_id": "26510",
"owner_user_id": "32763",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"etymology"
],
"title": "What is the etymology of kanji 問?",
"view_count": 246
}
|
[
{
"body": "「[問]{もん}」( _to ask_ ) is rather straightforwardly constructed from\nsemantic「口」( _mouth_ ) and phonetic「[門]{もん}」. There is no meaning contribution\nby「門」, and「問」was the original construction since Shang Dynasty oracle bones.\n\n`[商](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang_dynasty) \n[甲](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_bone_script) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/CJ4CV.png) \n[後](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)2.9.10 \n[合集16419](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=16419&jgwfl=)`\n\n* * *\n\nThe linked website in the question is unreliable - there are three major\nerrors in the explanations just on that page. Of course, there is nothing\nwrong with using those explanations as a mnemonic, if it helps you remember\nthe _kanji_ better.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-02T10:57:41.103",
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"score": 4
}
] |
65792
|
65798
|
65798
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65797",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have looked up judge, but I am finding a number of words and am not sure how\nthey are different. Is there a general word that is most common?\n\nWords I found include: saibankan 裁判官 saibannin 裁判人 hanji 判事 houkan 法官 shichoku\n司直",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-02T03:13:50.413",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65793",
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"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "19849",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"word-requests",
"english-to-japanese"
],
"title": "What is the Japanese word for a judge in a court of law?",
"view_count": 491
}
|
[
{
"body": "The catch-all term for (proper) judges in the modern Japanese judicial system\nis 裁判官. There are also 裁判 **員** (\"lay judge / jury\") for important cases.\n\nLegally speaking, 判事 is a subclass of 裁判官. 判事 roughly refer to 裁判官 who are not\n長官 (\"chiefs\") nor 判事補 (\"assistant judges\"). For example, Japanese 最高裁判所\n(Supreme Court) has fifteen 裁判官's, which consist of one 最高裁判所 **長官** and\nfourteen 最高裁判所 **判事**. That being said, laypeople do not see the word 判事 very\noften. I may be mistaken, but I feel news articles for the general public\nusually use 裁判官 when they report domestic incidents. I see the word 判事 mainly\nfrom translations of foreign news and detective dramas.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-02T09:33:39.377",
"id": "65797",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-02T10:30:51.333",
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"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65793",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
65793
|
65797
|
65797
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I saw this sentence on TV:\n\n> 日々心によぎる「あのとき こうしていれば」という言葉。。。\n\nand I wonder why していれば is used here and not すれば.\n\nWhen I asked my teacher he said it is an N1 grammar point, he tried to explain\nit to me but I didn't get it.\n\nI'm looking for more info on this to understand why it is like that, I didn't\nfind it on a quick google search.\n\nHere is one more example sentence that he gave me:\n\n> あの時、ポケモンを見ていなかったら、日本語を勉強していなかったかもしれない。\n\nEdit: \nThe suggested duplicate questions don't answer why it is like that, they just\nstate that this is the right way. \nI still don't know why they are using ていれば, if it is just like that - fine.\nBut if there is a reason for a western mind to understand I will be glad to\nhear it.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-02T13:05:57.513",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65799",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-03T14:14:46.467",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-03T14:14:46.467",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "11679",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"aspect"
],
"title": "\"If I have done that\" in the continuous form?",
"view_count": 128
}
|
[] |
65799
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65812",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I guess my question here is clarifying what 所に相談をする means. Obviously something\nlike 友人に相談する makes sense to me however, I'm not quite sure I understand what\nthe example I have provided (how can one discuss with a place).\n\nWould I be right in assuming that しかるべき所 could be used to refer to the police,\na suicide helpline, etc.\n\n> 私も **しかるべき所** に相談をしておきたいので...",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-02T18:06:19.117",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65803",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-03T01:20:31.827",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31487",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What or where does 所 refer to in しかるべき所に相談をしておきたい",
"view_count": 111
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think you're trapped by one \"literal\" translation too much. In Japanese,\nthere is really no difference in usage of に相談する between 友人に相談する and, say,\n病院に相談する. Xに相談する means either \"to consult X\" or \"to consult at X\". Or \"to go to\nX and consult\" might work in both cases.\n\nしかるべき [literally means \"should-be-\nso\"](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/61594/5010), and this しかるべき所 has a\nnuance along the lines of \"appropriate place to consult on this issue\". This 所\ncan refer to anywhere where someone in charge formally takes care of your\nissue. Depending on the issue, it can be a department in your company, a\ngovernment office, a clinic, or a police station.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-03T00:40:39.743",
"id": "65812",
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65803",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
65803
|
65812
|
65812
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65809",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "In the Wiktionary page for this kanji they said that it's a pictogram for\nsomeone's mouth over a bowl of rice on a stand .. the question is: are they\nmeaning this was the actual way for eating in this time without using hands?\nOr this just a symbol?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-02T20:23:09.157",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65804",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-02T23:47:43.853",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-02T23:40:49.927",
"last_editor_user_id": "26510",
"owner_user_id": "32763",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"etymology"
],
"title": "What is the etymology of the kanji 食?",
"view_count": 577
}
|
[
{
"body": "Here's the illustration from [学習]{がくしゅう}[漢字]{かんじ}[新辞典]{しんじてん} (a great little\nelementary-level Kanji dictionary) that shows the origins of 食 as an open\nmouth pointing straight down, over a bowl filled with rice.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ITMv2.jpg)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-02T20:53:36.727",
"id": "65806",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-02T20:53:36.727",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "32863",
"parent_id": "65804",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "「食」( _to eat_ ) was originally「」, comprised of a _mouth_ 「亼・亽」and a\n_cereal/grain/wheat basket_ 「皀」. In the character「食」,「皀」was later changed into\nthe shape of「艮」.\n\n`[商](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang_dynasty) \n[甲](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_bone_script) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/YvoT4.png) \n[甲](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)1289 \n[合集11485](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=11485&jgwfl=)``[春秋](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring_and_Autumn_period) \n[金](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_bronze_inscriptions) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/3D2k1.png) \n仲義⿱貝口 \n[集成2279](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=2279&jgwfl=)`` \n[篆](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_seal_script) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/robly.png) \n[說文解字](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuowen_Jiezi) \n``[秦](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qin_dynasty) \n[簡](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamboo_and_wooden_slips) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/xCE12.png) \n[睡](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuihudi_Qin_bamboo_texts)ㆍ[秦](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/QinwenziReference)78 \n``今 \n[楷](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_script) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/DDscR.png) \n \n`\n\n> 「亼・亽」is「口」( _mouth_ ) written upside-down. This is more evident in the older\n> shapes of「口」:\n>\n> `商 \n> 甲 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/857rl.png) \n> [珠](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)579 \n> [合集27706](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=27706&jgwfl=)``秦 \n> 簡 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/GwnLH.png) \n>\n> [睡ㆍ為](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/QinwenziReference)32 \n> ``今 \n> 楷 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/qvvlY.png) \n> \n> `\n>\n> 「亼・亽」functions as a semantic component in characters like 令, 命, 合, 今, among\n> others.\n>\n> * * *\n>\n> `商 \n> 甲 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/i0b13.png) \n>\n> [存下](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)764 \n> [合集32879](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=32879&jgwfl=)``商 \n> 甲 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/uYYts.png) \n>\n> [京津](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)4144 \n> [合集27937](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=27937&jgwfl=)`` \n> 篆 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/exz2H.png) \n> 說文解字 \n> ``今 \n> 楷 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/sQvUJ.png) \n> \n> ``今 \n> 楷 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/6zJKK.png) \n> \n> `\n>\n> 「皀」fell into disuse as an individual character, but the word it represented\n> remained, now written as「簋」, formed by adding「竹」( _bamboo_ ) and「皿」( _dish;\n> vessel_ ) onto「皀」.\n>\n> ` \n> 篆 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/f0LDt.png) \n> 說文解字 \n> ``今 \n> 楷 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/wwNmY.png) \n> \n> `\n>\n> 「皀」is a component in characters like 卽 ([\n> _Shinjitai_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shinjitai): 即), 旣 ( _Shinjitai_ :\n> 既), 鄕 ( _Shinjitai_ : 郷), among others.\n\n* * *\n\n**References** :\n\n * 季旭昇《說文新證》\n * [小學堂](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/)\n * [國學大師](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/)\n * [郭沫若《甲骨文合集》](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/)\n * [中國社會科學院考古研究所《殷周金文集成》](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-02T23:39:37.380",
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"owner_user_id": "26510",
"parent_id": "65804",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
65804
|
65809
|
65809
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65810",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "When i ask on this site for the eytomolgy for any kanji .somebody comes (like\nuser called droooze) and answer my question by explaining the eytomolgy and\ngiving a pictures of the kanji in the seal script or bone script ... etc My\nquestion is what is the source which those who answer my qustions take this\ninformation from?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-02T20:28:08.533",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65805",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-03T00:02:09.620",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "32763",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "How to know the real eytomolgy for any kanji?",
"view_count": 152
}
|
[
{
"body": "One English-language source is The Complete Guide to Japanese Kanji.\n[https://www.amazon.com/Complete-Guide-Japanese-Kanji-\nUnderstanding/dp/4805311703/ref=sr_1_6?keywords=Kanji&qid=1551571203&s=gateway&sr=8-6](https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/4805311703)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-03T00:02:09.620",
"id": "65810",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-03T00:02:09.620",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "19849",
"parent_id": "65805",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
65805
|
65810
|
65810
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What's the Japanese equivalent of \"Mmmm\" as in \"Mmmm I like that!\" or \"Mmmm,\ndelicious\"?\n\n\"Mmmm\" used as a tone of appreciation or approbation, NOT of deliberation as\nin \"Mmmm, let me think about that\"",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-02T23:32:30.330",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65808",
"last_activity_date": "2021-09-03T17:57:58.353",
"last_edit_date": "2021-09-03T17:57:58.353",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": null,
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"phrase-requests",
"interjections"
],
"title": "Japanese equivalent of \"Mmmm\" as in \"Mmmm I like that!\" or \"Mmmm, delicious\"",
"view_count": 1533
}
|
[
{
"body": "You can say:\n\n * **うーん** 、素晴らしい！ (neutral)\n * **んー** 、素晴らしい！ (casual)\n * **うーむ** 、素晴らしい！ (pompous)\n * **ふーむ** 、素晴らしい！ (pompous)\n\nNote that the actual pronunciations of these う/ふ/む may be different from what\nyou already know. These interjections are often pronounced just like English\n\"mmm\" or \"hmmm\". See: [IPA for ふーん/んふふ (pronounced with your mouth\nclosed)](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/57847/5010) and [Difference\nbetween うーん and ううん](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/8263/5010)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-03T00:50:18.577",
"id": "65813",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-03T00:50:18.577",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65808",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
65808
| null |
65813
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65817",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I came across the following sentence in my textbook when studying the grammar\npoint Verb -て + ばかり + いる.\n\n「そんなに働いてばかりい **ては** 病気になりますよ。」\n\nThe role of ばかり is clear, I just included it to give context and keep the\nsentence as it appears in the book. **I would like to figure out if this\nsentence is a condition (A), a causality (B) or something else (C).**\n\n* * *\n\n## **A: Conditional hypothesis**\n\nI understand (i.e. _I guess it means_ ) the original sentence above as \"If you\nkeep working like that, you will get sick\" but if I had to formulate the\nsentence in my own words, I would say either of the following sentences:\n\n 1. 「そんなに働いてばかり **いたら** 病気になりますよ。」\n 2. 「そんなに働いてばかり **いると** 病気になりますよ。」\n\n* * *\n\n## **B: Causal hypothesis**\n\nAnother possibility I have thought of is that this Verb -て is conveying a\ncausal relationship between the clauses:\n\n「そんなに働いてばかりい **て** 、病気になりました。」\n\nmeaning \"You keep working like that so you get sick\". However, it is clunky\nbecause I have only seen that grammar used in past tenses and I am not sure\nwhether it could be used with present or future tense clauses such as\n「病気になります」.\n\n* * *\n\n## **C: I don't have a clue hypothesis**\n\nDid I miss something important? Maybe the sentence has a different meaning\nwhatsoever?\n\nThank you very much!",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-03T00:11:33.883",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65811",
"last_activity_date": "2019-04-06T16:54:42.193",
"last_edit_date": "2019-04-06T16:54:42.193",
"last_editor_user_id": "32952",
"owner_user_id": "32952",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"conditionals",
"causation",
"particle-ばかり"
],
"title": "Is V-て + は used to connect the two clauses of the following sentence with a conditional relationship, a causal relationship or a different one?",
"view_count": 191
}
|
[
{
"body": "Vては is a grammar that has two usages.\n\nFirstly, according to my source it is used \"to express if or since something\nwill or has happened.\" Therefore it conveys condition and it can also be used\nwith adjectives (いAdjくては、なAdj + では) and nouns (N+では). For example,\n「こんなに雨が降っては、買い物ができないな。」\n\nSecondly and interestingly, the grammar has a second usage that fits well in\nthe sentence I posted, particularly because ばかり means \"keeping doing\nsomething\". The usage is V1ては〜V2 and \"it represents a continuous or repetitive\npattern between those two verbs\". For instance,\n「子どもの頃、姉とケンカしては、母に叱られたものだ。」(When I was a kid, I would often get scolded by my\nmom for fighting with my older sister).\n\nSo while I have not determined yet which of the usages is being used in the\noriginal sentence (maybe both nuances are present and its just ok this way) I\nthink that the original sentence can be understood as a conditional. In this\ncase, the ては grammar is reinforcing the idea of repetition conveyed with ばかり\nwhile making the sentence a conditional one.\n\nsource: [https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/ては-では-tewa-\ndewa/](https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-\ngrammar/%E3%81%A6%E3%81%AF-%E3%81%A7%E3%81%AF-tewa-dewa/)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-03T10:13:04.483",
"id": "65817",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-03T10:13:04.483",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "32952",
"parent_id": "65811",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
65811
|
65817
|
65817
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65815",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "So for context, 会長 doesn't like the speaker and the speaker just said\nsomething to make 会長 think even less of him. Could someone give an explanation\non why それに is directly following a verb and what its doing.\n\n> 「会長{かいちょう}の目{め}つきが汚物{おぶつ}を見{み}る **それに** 変{か}わった。」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-03T04:57:40.033",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65814",
"last_activity_date": "2019-12-06T09:51:52.713",
"last_edit_date": "2019-12-06T09:51:52.713",
"last_editor_user_id": "35362",
"owner_user_id": "33152",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Question about それに following a verb in dictionary form",
"view_count": 334
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「会長{かいちょう}の目{め}つき **が** 汚物{おぶつ}を見{み}るそれ **に** 変{か}わった。」\n\nThe core structure of this sentence is:\n\n> 「X が Y に変わった。」\n>\n> \"X turned into Y.\"\n\nX = 会長の目つき\n\nY = （人が）汚物を見る目つき\n\nIn order to avoid using 「目つき」 twice, the author is using 「それ」 here. The same\nthing actually happens in English as well using \"that\" or \"those\".\n\n> \"The chairman's expression turned into _**that of**_ a man looking at\n> filth.\"\n\n「汚物を見る」 functions as a relative clause that modifies 「それ」.\n\nOther examples:\n\n「ロシアの冬{ふゆ}は日本の **それ** よりも寒{さむ}い。」 (\"The winters in Russia are colder than\n_**those**_ in Japan.\")\n\n「あの人の音楽{おんがく}の趣味{しゅみ}は私の **それ** とは全{まった}く異{こと}なっている。」 (\"That guy's taste in\nmusic is completely different from _**that**_ of mine.\")\n\n「繁栄{はんえい}する会社{かいしゃ}と、衰退{すいたい}する **それ** との違{ちが}いは何{なん}でしょうか。」 (\"What are the\ndifferences between companies that flourish and _**those that**_ decline?\")",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-03T06:11:34.680",
"id": "65815",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
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"parent_id": "65814",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 10
}
] |
65814
|
65815
|
65815
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65818",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Can anyone help me understand what Hiragi means by \"ご休憩一時間コース\" in the below?\nIs this to be understood literally, or does it have some other type of\nmeaning?\n\n> 二人の顔がゆっくりと近づき、 その唇同士が触れ合おうとした瞬間、横から声が聞こえた。\n>\n> 「じ～～～～～～……」\n>\n> 「ん…… ん？」\n>\n> 「どわああああ！ ヒイラギー！？ おまおま、お前、いつからそこにー！？」\n>\n> 「いつからと問われるならば答えましょう。 先程からずっとです」\n>\n> 「正直、気付いてくれるのを待っていたのですが……」\n>\n> 「お二人のイチャつきがＭＡＸになると本格的に出られなくなると言いますか、 **ご休憩一時間コース** かなと思い……」\n>\n> 「きゅ、休憩一時間って…… そ、そんなわけあるかーーー！」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-03T08:50:10.117",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65816",
"last_activity_date": "2022-05-27T20:18:33.197",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31487",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of ご休憩一時間コース",
"view_count": 361
}
|
[
{
"body": "This is a reference to a Japanese \"love hotel\" ( _rabuho_ ) and the activity\npeople typically do there. The keyword \"休憩/rest\" is a good indicator that\ntells us a hotel is a \"love hotel\". See: <https://savvytokyo.com/japans-love-\nhotels-what-you-need-to-know-before-you-go/>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-03T11:54:26.203",
"id": "65818",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-03T14:39:24.567",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-03T14:39:24.567",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65816",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
65816
|
65818
|
65818
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65824",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was reading something and saw the following lines spoken by an old male\nartist:\n\n> 船が、水の下の者どもに気を配っていて大海原を往けるだろうか？\n>\n> 芸術も、人生も、しょせん水もの…\n>\n> 水を **こざいて** 浮き上がった者だけが勝つのだ！\n\nSomeone else then responds:\n\n> キレイな言葉でボヤかしてやがるが、『他人なんて踏み台だ』って意味じゃねーか。\n\nThis was all overlaid upon the following image: [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/lGX1a.png)\n\nI have no idea what 水を **こざく** means. The only thing I can find is maybe it's\n[dialectal](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/leaf/dialect/1148/m9u/%E6%96%B0%E6%BD%9F/),\nbut that doesn't seem to make sense because if you're walking/treading (歩く) in\nwater are you really 浮き上がる (floating) on top of water? What kind of image am I\nsupposed to be seeing here?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-03T16:59:52.263",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65820",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-05T02:20:08.347",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "10045",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words",
"dialects"
],
"title": "What does 水をこざく mean?",
"view_count": 312
}
|
[
{
"body": "According to [this](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/leaf/dialect/1148/m0u/) it's\nsomething like \"to wade through.\" Without further context, it sounds like it's\nsome kind of \"sink or swim\" implication.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-03T23:20:50.553",
"id": "65824",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-03T23:20:50.553",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "9306",
"parent_id": "65820",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
] |
65820
|
65824
|
65824
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "> 白い十字架がたって、それはもう凍った北極の雲で鋳たといったらいいか、 **すきっとした** 金いろの円光をいただいて.\n\nFrom 銀河鉄道の夜. What is exactly the meaning of すきっとした. Also what is いったらいいか?\nMaybe らしい?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-03T21:43:48.793",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65821",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-04T08:00:30.467",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-04T08:00:30.467",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "9357",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"words",
"adverbs",
"literature"
],
"title": "Meaning of すきっとした",
"view_count": 1268
}
|
[
{
"body": "Depends on the context, but スキっとする is to be/feel clear or refreshed.\n\nAlso depends on the context, but いったらいいか could be 行ったらいいか or 言ったらいいか. It\nsounds like a sentence fragment (e.g., どこに行ったらいいか分からなかった, 何を言ったらいいか分からなかった,\netc.). Assuming it's 言う, 言ったらいい means \"should say.\" It's the same as 言えばいい.\n彼は何を言ったらいいか分からなかった is \"he didn't know what he should say.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-03T23:15:24.110",
"id": "65822",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-03T23:15:24.110",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9306",
"parent_id": "65821",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "[Atop the island, on a plateau, stood a cross, silent and eternal, so dazzling\nand white that it might have been cast from frozen Arctic clouds, crowned with\na pure halo of gold.](https://www.cyberspace.org/~n8rxs/chapt7.htm)\n\nGoo辞書 and コトバンク both have the same definition for すきっとした:\n\n> ［副］(スル)すがすがしいさま。さっぱりした感じがするさま。「すきっとした気分」「すきっとした身なり」\n\nIncluded on the コトバンク entry is the additional information that it is\nequivalent to すっきりした and さっぱりした. Plain; light; refreshed are some of the main\nEnglish translations. In the translation above, 'pure' seems an adequate\nrepresentation.\n\n～と言ったらいいか expresses that words cannot suffice or that one does not have the\nconfidence that they can provide adequate words to describe what they are\nseeing. In other words, 'what might be described as'. Hence the 'might have\nbeen' in the translation.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-03T23:23:46.137",
"id": "65826",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-03T23:23:46.137",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27280",
"parent_id": "65821",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "すきっと is actually a dictionary word — for example 大辞林 has\n\n> **すきっと** \n> （副）スル\n>\n> すっきりしたさま。さっぱりしたさま。 「頭が－する」 「 －した気分になる」\n\nIt's an adverb for する (sometimes also called a _to_ -adverb) which describes\nsomething being clear/clutter-free (and the positive effect this has on one's\nmind). I guess you can associate it to 空く【すく】 or 透く【すく】.\n\n* * *\n\nといったらいいか is just\n\n * と quoting particle\n * 言ったら _tara_ form of 言う\n * いい = 良い\n * か question particle\n\nand is similar to the function of と[い]{言}うか, which I guess can be analyzed as\na rhetorical question and literally means\n\n> should one say [...] or [...]\n\nHere, the writer is trying to depict their impression with imagery, saying\n\n> …白い十字架がたって、それはもう凍った北極の雲で鋳たといったらいいか、すきっとした金いろの円光をいただいて、しずかに永久に立っているのでした。\n>\n> [There] a white cross stood, cast from the frozen Arctic clouds one might\n> say, and crowned with a clear/pure golden halo, and it stood there silently\n> and eternally.\n\n(As always, this is a working translation, kept close to the structure of the\noriginal sentence, so that it be easy to see how the parts correspond.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-03T23:28:52.727",
"id": "65827",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-03T23:36:28.763",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
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"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "65821",
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"score": 5
}
] |
65821
| null |
65827
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65828",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "According to [this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/17849/what-\nis-koto-used-for?noredirect=1&lq=1), \"noun + の + こと\" mostly means \"regarding\nnoun\" when it is used.\n\nBy adding a だけ to the end, (so that it's now \"noun + の + こと + だけ\") does this\nchange the meaning to something else, or does it change the amount of regard\ngiven to the noun?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-03T23:17:22.350",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65823",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-04T01:25:00.093",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"particle-だけ"
],
"title": "What does ことだけ mean in general?",
"view_count": 204
}
|
[
{
"body": "> does this change the meaning to something else, or does it change the amount\n> of regard given to the noun?\n\nNeither. It **adds** the meaning of \"only\". When X is a noun, Xのこと forms\nanother noun phrase. And `noun + だけ` just means \"only ～\". So:\n\n * Xのこと = things regarding X; things about X\n * Xのことだけ = only things regarding X; only things about X\n\n> * あなたのことを考えています。 \n> I am thinking about you.\n> * あなたのことだけを考えています。 \n> I am thinking only about you. \n> ( _Not_ : I am thinking things that are related only to you)\n>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-04T01:25:00.093",
"id": "65828",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-04T01:25:00.093",
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"score": 5
}
] |
65823
|
65828
|
65828
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65829",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I imagine this is something that Japanese speakers naturally build up as they\nare exposed and communicate in the language for many years. However, take the\nfollowing scene:\n\n> 「おお、豪華な魚料理だなぁ」\n>\n> 「港町だけあって魚がやっぱり自慢みたい」- From context this is clearly not referring to the\n> speaker or listener.\n>\n> 「それと地酒も集まるからそっちも沢山」\n>\n> 「お酒か……普段はあんまり飲まないけど、それならたまには……」 - Speaker\n>\n> 「ああ、いただくとしよう」- Speaker\n>\n> 「それじゃ、かんぱーい」\n>\n> (they all get drunk and have a hang over and get woken up the next morning)\n>\n> 「朝ーーーーー！」\n>\n> 「ほらほら、みんな起きてー！」\n>\n> 「うう……頭痛い……」- SPeaker\n>\n> 「私も、です……」- Speaker\n>\n> 「少し昨日は、飲み過ぎたな……」- Ambiguous? The speaker (at the bare minimum) is saying\n> that they drank too much yesterday, however they could also be saying \"We\"\n> drank too much. How does one differentiate between these? Would the wording\n> be slightly different or could the same wording be used for I/You/We?\n>\n> 「普段あまり飲まないからなぁ……加減が分からなくなってしまった」I guess that this is referring to the\n> speaker as it is the same person as before who said they don't drink very\n> much",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-03T23:22:10.620",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65825",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-04T01:47:56.903",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33162",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "How do Japanese speakers determine the implied topic when none has been mentioned?",
"view_count": 703
}
|
[
{
"body": "> Would the wording be slightly different or could the same wording be used\n> for I/You/We?\n\nIf you're lucky, the choice of a sentence-ending can be an indicator of the\nsubject. For example, the subject of 昨日は飲み過ぎたんでしょう would only be \"you\" or \"you\nguys\", because it doesn't make sense to use でしょう referring to the speaker\nthemselves.\n\nIn this case, however, the subject of 少し昨日は飲み過ぎたな is indeed somewhat\nambiguous. It can be \"I\", \"we\" or \"you guys\". If the context clearly indicates\nthe speaker did not drink (e.g., the speaker is a teenager boy who was not in\nthe yesterday's party), then the subject would be \"you guys\". Otherwise, it\nwould be either \"I\" or \"we\", and the difference is not important here. If the\nsingular-plural distinction were important, he would have added either 俺は or\nみんな.\n\nRegarding the last line, 普段あまり飲まない probably applies only to the speaker of\nthis line, so the subject of 加減が分からなくなってしまった should be the same, i.e.,\nsingular \"I\".\n\nIt's hard to generalize, but both context and word choice are critically\nimportant to determine an implied subject. For example, an honorific verb can\nautomatically indicate the subject is higher than you.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-04T01:44:33.327",
"id": "65829",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-03-04T01:47:56.903",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65825",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
] |
65825
|
65829
|
65829
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65846",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Context: in the manga\n[りくどう](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AF%E3%83%89%E3%82%A6), a\ngirl named Naeshiro is thinking over the friendship between her boyfriend Riku\nand a boy named Mihara. Both of them are boxers, but Mihara is older than Riku\nand is thinking about retiring from boxing after an injury.\n\n> リクは気付いてるかわからないけどボクサーとして **前を歩いてた人** だから…… 慕ってる……のかな\n>\n> 私…… より？\n\nI don't understand who admires whom, Riku admires Mihara or Mihara admires\nRiku? I don't understand this because I don't know how to interpret 前を歩いてた人.\nDoes it refer to Mihara in the sense that he has \"walked the boxing path\"\nbefore Riku, so he is like a senpai to him?\n\n[Here](https://i.imgur.com/MhwAHiL.jpg) you can see the whole page. Thank you\nfor your help!",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-04T06:57:12.813",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65833",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-05T04:32:05.723",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-04T16:07:21.480",
"last_editor_user_id": "17797",
"owner_user_id": "17797",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"verbs",
"manga",
"adverbs"
],
"title": "Meaning of 前を歩いてた人",
"view_count": 236
}
|
[
{
"body": "ボクサーとして前を歩いていた人 is not really a tricky expression. It just refers to someone\nwho was more successful in the field of boxing. Normally, his age is less\nimportant than his actual career (a strong younger boxer can be a 前を歩いている人).\nBut in this case, Mihara was like a senpai to Riku, too. In non-romantic\ncontexts, the subject of 慕う is normally someone lower than the object (e.g.,\n生徒が先生を慕う, 後輩が先輩を慕う), so who admires whom is implied by this verb itself.\n\nIf I understand the context correctly, the sentence is saying:\n\n> I (=Yuki) wonder if Riku admires Mihara more than Riku likes me (=Yuki).\n\nNote that, technically speaking, the 私より part is ambiguous; the exact same\nsentence could mean the following:\n\n> I (=Yuki) wonder if Riku admires Mihara more than I (=Yuki) love Mihara.\n\nYou know the story, so you know which interpretation is correct.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-05T04:32:05.723",
"id": "65846",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-05T04:32:05.723",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65833",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
65833
|
65846
|
65846
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65843",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Listening to Japanese music I stumbled upon [this\nsong](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nK75Viqu0xI) called 僕たちの失敗 by 森田童子. I\nliked it so I went to look up for the\n[lyrics](https://lyricstranslate.com/en/%E3%81%BC%E3%81%8F%E3%81%9F%E3%81%A1%E3%81%AE%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%97-boku-\ntachi-no-shippai-our-failure.html) and its meaning, and there is a part of\nthose in which something is used that I would like to have explained.\n\nThe thing is, at some points in these lyrics katakana is used at the end of\nokurigana. What's the meaning? What's the usage? Why are those sentences\nwritten like that?\n\n> 弱虫だったんだヨネ\n>\n> チャーリー・パーカー見つけたヨ\n>\n> ぼくを忘れたカナ\n>\n> 昔の話だネ",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-04T11:54:59.013",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"katakana",
"song-lyrics"
],
"title": "Meaning of katakana at the end of okurigana in this song lyrics",
"view_count": 253
}
|
[
{
"body": "Those aren't okurigana. They're just normal sentence-final particles. They're\nnormally written in hiragana. Sometimes Japanese people will use katakana to\nadd special emphasis on a word, but in this case it's just an affectation,\nlike a girl writing a heart instead of the dot on an i.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2019-03-04T21:38:03.777",
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65835
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65843
|
65843
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65853",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Is there a sound difference between イオ and イヨ (I can't hear a difference)?\n\nWhen asked to spell `baiorin` in katakana I tend to mistake バイオリン with バイヨリン.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-04T19:38:34.377",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65839",
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"owner_user_id": "32926",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"pronunciation"
],
"title": "Pronunciation difference: イオ/イヨ",
"view_count": 288
}
|
[
{
"body": "In slow speech there's a difference, in fast speech there isn't (although some\nnative speakers will insist otherwise).\n\nOne example would be 対応（たいおう）and 太陽（たいよう）. In fast speech they are the same.\nJust make sure you don't say たよう. And also remember that in Japanese たい is not\na diphthong.\n\n(As for バイオリン, in fast speech it basically becomes バヨリン. )",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-04T21:27:17.833",
"id": "65841",
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"score": -1
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{
"body": "As for the case of バイオリン, I don't think many Japanese speakers find it similar\nto バイヨリン.\n\nJapanese `i + V` and `i + yV` are indeed an easily confusable pair, especially\nin faster speech. For example, I couldn't say with confidence whether a girl's\nname is みお or みよ only by listening to a casual chat referring to her. But it's\njust like _inpatient_ and _impatient_ , or _dog years_ and _dog ears_ in\nEnglish, that is, although the distinction might be blurred in some\ncircumstances, speech that is a little bit clearer would immediately\ndisambiguate them (for native speakers) because they are inherently different.\n\nNow, バイオリン is harder to be heard like イヨ because of a `V + i` succession in\nバイ. In Standard Japanese, this sequence is so prominent and commonplace that\nit almost becomes a kind of diphthong (some scholars think of the //i//\nfollowing a vowel as another 特殊拍). It often results in a looser sound on the\n//i// part*, **especially in faster speech** , and we are less likely to\nmistake it for an utterance that intends バイヨリン, which would have a tighter\n//i// because of the next //j//.\n\n* * *\n\n* Be reminded that Romans spelled the diphthong [[aɪ]] _ae_.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-03-05T17:09:38.527",
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65839
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65853
|
65853
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65849",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 明日雨が降る **と** 公園に行きません。\n>\n> (if it rains tomorrow, I won't go to the park)\n\nIs it correct to use と in the sentence above?\n\nI know that と is used like the English \"whenever.\" So, my guess is that the\nsentence is not correct because it's only about tomorrow, not something which\nhappens every time (I'd say ...降ったら...). However, today I heard it from a\nperson whose level is very high, and now I'm not sure I know everything about\nthis meaning of と. Thank you for your help!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-05T08:49:43.613",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65848",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-03-05T08:55:12.000",
"last_editor_user_id": "31549",
"owner_user_id": "31549",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-と"
],
"title": "と for talking about tomorrow",
"view_count": 123
}
|
[
{
"body": "「と」 is used mostly for conditionals where the consequence is an expected one.\nFor example:\n\n> 雨が降ると道路が濡れます。 (The road gets wet when it rains.)\n\nBut what you want to say carries an intention, and also, there is only one\noutcome, meaning that if it rains you won't go to the park and you won't go\nsomewhere else. So I'd use 「たら」:\n\n> 明日雨が降ったら、公園に行きません。(If it rains tomorrow, I won't go to the park.)\n\nAlso, you could use 「ば」 or 「なら」 as well, as they are used for conditionals\nwith assumptions.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-03-05T09:24:32.483",
"id": "65849",
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65848
|
65849
|
65849
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65852",
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"body": "> 自由が丘の駅で、大井町線から降りる **と** 、ママはトットちゃんの手を引っ張って、改札口を出ようとした。\n\nAs far as I know, `a dictionary verb form + と` is used to mean \"when/if\",\n\"whenever\" (e.g. 秋になると、木が赤くなります (it's always like that)).\n\nBut the sentence above is about a particular day, a single occasion. As I\nunderstand it, they should say,\n\n> ... 大井町線から降りた時...\n\nor\n\n> ... 大井町線から降りてから...\n\nWhy is と used in this situation?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-05T13:50:24.830",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65850",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-05T14:29:19.270",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31549",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles",
"particle-と"
],
"title": "Dictionary form + と for a single occasion",
"view_count": 431
}
|
[
{
"body": "「V(辞書形)＋と〜」 in that case is used to convey the meaning that the actions happen\nin succession, that B happens **in the continuity** of A, in the sense that\nthere is no temporal break between the two actions.\n\nIn your case, \"getting down from the train\" and \"taking totto's hand to go out\nof the station\" happen in one go, there is no pause.\n\n「V(て形)＋から〜」 「V(過去形)＋時〜」both carry the nuance 「Vが **完了** した後で、〜」, in other\nwords, perform the second action _after the first one was completed_. The two\nactions are **sequentially** performed.\n\nHence, the alternatives you offer are in fact quite different nuance-wise.\nWhat is written in your book implies that the mom grabs her kid's hand\n\"smoothly\", instantly, as soon as the door opens. In the two other cases, it\nsounds as if they:\n\n 1. got down from the car\n 2. (maybe there was a small break, maybe they looked for directions?) _then_ , she grabbed her kid's hand",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-03-05T14:29:19.270",
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65850
|
65852
|
65852
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have translated most of the following sentence on my own, but I am having\ngreat difficulty in understanding then translating the ending of どうなの.\n\n> 教え子の名前ぐらい、もう少し考えたら **どうなの** ？\n\nAccording to nevan king answer at [What exactly is \"なの\"\n(nano)?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/514/what-exactly-\nis-%E3%81%AA%E3%81%AE-nano) ,\n\n> The な is only there if you use it after a noun or a na-adjective (きれい, 大変,\n> 非常).\n\nHowever, as far as I am aware, according to\n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/どう/#je-52734](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E3%81%A9%E3%81%86/#je-52734)\nand based on the context (shown below), the どう here most likely means \"the\nsame\". Whether どう is a noun or na-adjective is unknown to me; so I can't\naccurately use [What exactly is \"なの\"\n(nano)?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/514/what-exactly-\nis-%E3%81%AA%E3%81%AE-nano) to help me understand its meaning.\n\n> しかし、アインにツヴァイか……。 \n> 教え子の名前ぐらい、もう少し考えたら **どうなの** ？\n\nTDLR: What does どうなの mean in the above sentence?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-05T20:27:00.957",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65855",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-08T00:48:35.590",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-08T00:48:35.590",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"usage",
"sentence-final-particles"
],
"title": "Issue with figuring out what [どう+なの] correctly translates to in the following sentence",
"view_count": 383
}
|
[
{
"body": "If you have seen 考えてはどうですか before, this 考えたらどうなの is a variation of it. たら is a\ncondition marker, どう is \"how\", な is the attributive form of the copula, の is\n[\"explanatory-no\"](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/5399/5010) (or a seek-\nfor-clarification marker as explained [here](https://www.wasabi-\njpn.com/japanese-grammar/question-markers/)). In general, `conditional + どう/如何\n+ copula + question marker` (literally \"how is it like if you ～\") forms a\nsuggestion/advice. (な)の is optional, but it essentially makes the suggestion\nstronger by adding a little doubtful tone (\"I wonder why you don't ～\").\n\nThere are many variations, each with a different omission/formality/politeness\nlevel.\n\n * お考えになっては如何【いかが】でしょうか？ (highly polite)\n * 考えてはどうなのですか？\n * お考えになっては？ (everything after a condition marker can be omitted)\n * 考えては如何？\n * 考えたらどう？\n * 考えたらどうなん？\n * 考えたらどっすか？\n * 考えたらどうなのよ？\n * 考えたら？\n\nRelated:\n\n * [in 買っては, I need some explanation for っては part](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/25928/5010)\n * [What does たら do at the end of a sentence?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/29766/5010)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-06T00:56:52.433",
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65855
| null |
65866
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65860",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The kanji 長い (“nagai”) means “long” in Japanese.\n\nAnd “naga” in Sanskrit and Thai means “snake” or “serpent”.\n\nIt seems to me that there could be a relation between them given that snakes\nare usually described as long.\n\nIs there any relationship between them? Do they have a shared origin?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-05T21:06:16.057",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65858",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-05T21:54:32.730",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31975",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"etymology"
],
"title": "Is 長 in Japanese related to “naga” in Thai and Sanskrit?",
"view_count": 957
}
|
[
{
"body": "One could extend that hypothesis to ask if there's a connection between\nEnglish _long_ and Yiddish _schlong_.\n\n * [English _long_](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/long#Etymology_1) ultimately derives from Proto-Indo-European _*dlongʰos_ (“long”).\n * [Yiddish _schlong_](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%90%D6%B7%D7%A0%D7%92#Yiddish) is from German _Schlange_ (\"snake\") and ultimately derives from Proto-Indo-European _*slenk-_ (“to wind, twist, slink, creep”).\n\nThat is, no apparent connection.\n\nBack to your particular thought:\n\n * [Japanese 長- _naga-_](http://gogen-allguide.com/na/nagai.html) is thought to derive from, or be cognate with, obsolete verb 流る _nagaru_ , root of modern verb pair 流れる _nagareru_ (\"to flow\") / 流す _nagasu_ (\"to flush something, to make something flow\"). I've also thought these might be related to verb 投ぐ _nagu_ , modern 投げる _nageru_ (\"to throw\").\n * [Sanskrit नाग _naga_ (\"snake\")](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97#Sanskrit) ultimately derives from Proto-Indo-European _*sneg-_ (“to crawl; a creeping thing”), the same as [English _snake_](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/snake#Etymology).\n\nSo again, no apparent connection.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2019-03-05T21:47:19.943",
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65858
|
65860
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65860
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65863",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 難しい言葉でなくても、道路の表札には、途中で切れずにとても長い道路の名前が書いてあることが諸 **っちゅう** あります。\n\nObviously, I should describe the context behind this sentence, so here goes:\n\nOn Tell Me!goo (教えて!goo), there is a question where the questioner asks,\n“Please tell me about the differences between ‘今’ and ‘現在’”. You can read\nabout it here: <https://oshiete.goo.ne.jp/qa/4537310.html>\n\nOne answer in particular is interesting. It says that ‘今’ and ‘現在’ have the\nsame meaning, and that ‘今’ is a Japanese word of Japanese origin and ‘現在’ is a\nJapanese word of Chinese origin (i.e. a loanword). This implies that ‘今’ is\nused for casual conversations and ‘現在’ is used for formal writing. Then it\ncites Germany as an example of a country that avoids loanwords as much as it\ncan, and that results in very long nouns.\n\nThen it arrives at the sentence. When I use Google Translate, I get the\nfollowing sentence as a result:\n\n> Even if it is not a difficult language, there are many things in the\n> nameplate on the road that the name of a very long road is written without\n> being able to cut along the way.\n\nObviously, it is not a perfect translation, but it is a start.\n\nWhen I looked up っちゅう on the following website\n(<https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%A3%E3%81%A1%E3%82%85%E3%81%86>), it\nsays that it is a conjunction and colloquialism that means “meaning; called;\nsaid”.\n\nI wonder if that part of the sentence is trying to say, “...there are many\nsaid instances of....”\n\nAm I on the right track here?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-05T23:36:39.023",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65861",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-06T00:08:39.487",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29607",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What does っちゅう mean in this sentence?",
"view_count": 240
}
|
[
{
"body": "> ×「 **諸{しょ}っちゅう** あります」\n\nis typo of...\n\n> 〇「 **しょっちゅう** あります」\n\n, which in this context means that something happens **often** or **all the\ntime**.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-06T00:08:39.487",
"id": "65863",
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"score": 4
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65861
|
65863
|
65863
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65880",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm trying to figure out if there's a difference in meaning/translation\nbetween\n\n> 黒齣\n\nand\n\n> 黒駒\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/YyxTj.png)\n\nI've attached an image just to make sure that I didn't accidently look up the\nwrong character (I'm 99% sure it's the correct one but still).\n\n**A bit of context:** both show up on black background. There is no further\ncontext to be given.\n\nThe first one I've seen translated as **black scene** , which makes sense\nbecause according to [this](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%BD%A3), **齣**\ncan mean either _frame_ or _scene_ in this context.\n\nFor the second one, the translation was also **black scene** but I'm not\nentirely sure if it's indeed correct. I think I found the correct character\n([here](http://www.edrdg.org/cgi-bin/wwwjdic/wwwjdic?1MMJ%E9%A7%92) and\n[here](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%A7%92)), but translations like\n_horse_ or _shogi piece_ just don't make any sense to me.\n\nI have the feeling they both mean the same, but I just want to make sure.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-05T23:50:20.347",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65862",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-06T19:51:57.973",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-06T17:57:06.657",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "33114",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"homophonic-kanji"
],
"title": "Difference between 黒齣 and 黒駒",
"view_count": 329
}
|
[
{
"body": "駒 and 齣 are both pronounced こま in kun'yomi. Despite appearing similar and\nbeing pronounced the same they are two different kanji and carry two different\nmeanings. 齣 is an uncommon kanji (as stated in the Wiktionary page you\nreferenced).\n\n> 黒駒 means 'black horse'. It can be either a description of such or a place\n> name. An additional meaning of 駒 is 'chess piece').\n>\n> * * *\n>\n> 黒齣 means 'black frame/cut', part of a film where the screen is black (blank)\n> and reveals information, usually in numeric form, about the film.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-06T00:22:44.290",
"id": "65864",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-06T02:53:27.193",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-06T02:53:27.193",
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},
{
"body": "> it shouldn't matter which game/animation\n\nYes it does matter. Even native Japanese speakers cannot explain the\ninterpretation of such a rare word without knowing where you saw it.\n\n黒齣 is not a regular word. As @broccoliforest suggests, googling it points to\none specific anime called 化物語. I checked the [first\nepisode](https://www.b-ch.com/titles/2774/001), and found that it heavily uses\nflashing typograms of seemingly random archaic words. 黒齣 is one of them.\nMeaning-wise, it should mean \"a frame filled with black\", but I don't know if\nit's a real word or a made-up word of Akiyuki Shindo. Either way, I bet you\nwon't see this word again outside this anime.\n\nRegarding 黒駒, it's not an ordinary word, either. If you saw it in a work\nrelated to 化物語, it's natural to assume it's just a typo for 黒齣. 齣 is a fairly\nrare kanji, so it is no wonder if someone mixed it with 駒.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-06T19:28:17.947",
"id": "65880",
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"parent_id": "65862",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
65862
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65880
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65864
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "As the title explains, how does さっきまでと in\n\n> さっきまでと同じ部屋 .\n\nmean \"as before\" in English?\n\n(I know that all together from the context of the sentences that come before\nand after さっきまでと同じ部屋 that the sentence roughly translates to \"[It was/is the]\nsame room as before.\" but I don't know where the \"before\" comes from).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-06T00:54:54.717",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65865",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-06T17:02:12.000",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"word-choice",
"hiragana"
],
"title": "How does さっきまで = \"as before\" in さっきまでと同じ部屋",
"view_count": 276
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think さっきまで means' just a while ago/Until just now/just until now. '\n\n> **さっきまで** 家で寝ていました。 \n> I was sleeping at home just until now.\n>\n> **さっきまで** は泣いてたけど、今は元気です。 \n> Until just now, I had been crying but now I'm fine.\n>\n> **さっきま** でと同じ部屋 \n> [It was/is the] same room just a while ago.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-06T04:12:19.143",
"id": "65869",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-06T05:19:10.213",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-06T05:19:10.213",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "Adding on to scarlet witch's answer.\n\nThe まで is the regular adverbial particle, which I think you may have\nrecognized. I'm guessing here, but it seems that your confusion stems from\nmisparsing さっき.\n\nさっき is a kind of emphasized form of さき, i.e. 先. The \"regular\" form さき\nexpresses a broad array of meanings, one of which is \"earlier\". The geminate\nform さっき seems to be restricted in meaning, and is specifically about time,\nexpressing something more like \"just a little bit ago\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-06T17:02:12.000",
"id": "65878",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-06T17:02:12.000",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "65865",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
65865
| null |
65869
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65876",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I came across a situation where I wanted to use a phrase like \"flowery\nlanguage\" or \"flowery speech\", I looked it up and found 美{び}辞{じ} online.\n\n-\n\n### I did a little research:\n\nInitially I looked for the root in another dictionary. I found\n美{び}辞{じ}麗{れい}句{く}. I asked a Japanese friend and they said they had never\nheard of this word nor the first part of the word.\n\nI also searched another dictionary and came back with 美{び}文{ぶん} and 華{か}言{げん}\nas viable options. I'm not sure about 美文 but with 華言 that same friend they had\nseen or used it before.\n\nWhich would be the best way to convey \"flowery speech/language\" while not\nbecoming to complex for everyday conversation or business talk?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-06T03:39:34.963",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65867",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-06T07:05:14.077",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "13696",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Are there more casual ways to say \"flowery speech/language\" aside from 美辞麗句?",
"view_count": 202
}
|
[
{
"body": "I do wonder how old your Japanese friend is, but you do not have to answer.\n\nWhile 「美辞麗句」 may not be an everyday kind of word, I would imagine that the\nmajority of the adult native speakers would know what it meant.\n\nMore informal phrases that carry basically the same meaning as 「美辞麗句」 include:\n\n・「飾{かざ}った言葉」、「飾り立てた言葉」\n\n・「耳触{みみざわ}りの良い（言い回{まわ}し or 文句{もんく}）」\n\n・「ごてごてした言葉」\n\netc.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-06T07:05:14.077",
"id": "65876",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-06T07:05:14.077",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "65867",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
65867
|
65876
|
65876
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65921",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Page seven in my book has the following text, which is linked to the next\nsentence on page seventeen.\n\n> 貫くような衝撃が顎から脳天を突き抜け、次第に目の前が真っ白になってゆく感覚に襲われる中、耳には銀髪の外国人の興奮した声が入ってきていた。\n>\n> (translation: The impact reverberates to the top of my head by passing\n> through my jaw, as my mind gradually goes blank at the resulting sensation\n> of defeat during her attack, meanwhile I hear the silver-haired foreigner’s\n> intrigued voice.)\n\nPage 17:\n\n> たしか、殴られて気を失ったように思う。\n\nI'm trying to translate the sentence in a way that the meaning of ように is\nincorporated into the translation, but I'm having trouble with making English\nsentences that sound right, and contain all the bits of the original Japanese.\nThe closest one I can make that sounds 'right' is missing the ように part:\n\n> If I remember correctly, I recall losing consciousness to her punch.\n\nAnd the one that I think is closest to the original that includes the ように part\ndoes not sound grammatically correct in English:\n\n> If I’m not mistaken, in order to remember her punch I recall blacking out.\n\nCan someone tell me how I can improve my translation(s) of the page 17\nsentence so that it is/they are as close to the original as possible?",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-06T05:13:37.727",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65870",
"last_activity_date": "2019-04-24T13:00:25.883",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-07T15:47:12.420",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"reading-comprehension",
"aspect",
"modality"
],
"title": "ように translation help",
"view_count": 293
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think the wall that you might be hitting when trying to incorporate ように in\nyour translation of\n\n> たしか、殴られて気を失ったように思う。\n\nis that you are incorrectly interpreting ように with a 目的（結果）meaning instead of a\n推量 meaning. The phrasing you used in your second translation, \"in order to\nremember,\" hints that you might be interpreting ように with a 目的（結果）meaning like\nit is used in the following sentence:\n\n> 遅刻しないように、早く起きる\n>\n> Waking up early (in order to avoid being late / so that I will not be late)\n\nBut the よう in ように思う in this context has a 推量 meaning, i.e. what precedes it is\ndesignated as a guess/inference.\n\nWhich means that your first translation,\n\n> If I remember correctly, I recall losing consciousness to her punch.\n\nis actually quite accurate.\n\nHere is another possible translation:\n\n> If I remember correctly, I think her punch knocked me unconscious.\n\nOr if you would prefer a more liberal translation,\n\n> Not quite sure, but I think I blacked out after eating one of her punches.\n\nSource: [This article on the various meanings and usages of\nよう](https://www.jpf.go.jp/j/project/japanese/teach/tsushin/grammar/201307.html)",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-09T13:38:34.747",
"id": "65921",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-09T13:38:34.747",
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"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "14544",
"parent_id": "65870",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "ように is \"like\"\n\n\"I really think it's like she knocked me out with a punch.\" If you want all\nthe words.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-04-24T13:00:25.883",
"id": "67786",
"last_activity_date": "2019-04-24T13:00:25.883",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33821",
"parent_id": "65870",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
}
] |
65870
|
65921
|
65921
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65874",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Some websites online show the fifth stroke as a vertical line straight down\nconnected to the sixth stroke, while others (and in Chinese) have it as a\ndownward diagonal dash. Is there are difference between the two?\n\nSimilarly, is the first stroke in 高 connected to the second or a diagonal\ndash?\n\nIs this always the case whenever a Kanji has something similar to these two?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-06T05:31:15.813",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65873",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-06T06:38:03.653",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-06T05:37:28.057",
"last_editor_user_id": "33187",
"owner_user_id": "33187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"stroke-order"
],
"title": "For the Kanji 校 is the fifth stroke connected to the sixth stroke?",
"view_count": 1527
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's the difference between printing, handwriting, and calligraphy.\n\nThis element, called nabebuta or keisankanmuri (亠), should be connected and\nvertical for more formal (printed) styles, and will normally be disconnected\nand 'diagonal' for calligraphic styles and many handwritten styles.\n\nThere is not right or wrong unless you are talking about a particular font\nstyle.\n\nWhen practicing kanji early on, it is normally recommended to stick to a more\n'standard' style, like Kyokashotai (thanks @drooze).",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-06T06:02:53.690",
"id": "65874",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-06T06:38:03.653",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-06T06:38:03.653",
"last_editor_user_id": "27280",
"owner_user_id": "27280",
"parent_id": "65873",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
},
{
"body": "> For the Kanji 校 is the fifth stroke connected to the sixth stroke?\n\nDepends on the country's prescribed standard.\n\n> Some websites online show the fifth stroke as a vertical line straight down\n> connected to the sixth stroke\n\nJapanese [regular script](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_script)\nhandwriting prescribes this shape to be taught in schools.\n\n * [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/z1JYc.png)\n\n_HG Kyokashotai_\n\n> while others (and in Chinese) have it as a downward diagonal dash.\n\nActual handwriting (that you'll find outside of schools) will have a\nvariation.\n\n * [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/4OEaQ.png)\n\n_HG Hagoromo_ , close to a [semi-cursive\nscript](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-cursive_script) style.\n\nChinese kids are also taught in schools to write in this way.\n\n * [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/xOuwS.png)\n\n中華民國教育部標準楷書\n\n> Is there are difference between the two?\n\n * In terms of comprehension, no.\n\n * If you're taking a Japanese written exam, they might get picky and deduct marks.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-06T06:09:33.393",
"id": "65875",
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"owner_user_id": "26510",
"parent_id": "65873",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
}
] |
65873
|
65874
|
65874
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Can someone tell me what \"お戯れを\" means? I came across this in a Japanese drama.\nI can't quite figure out if this is almost like a formal and polite request to\nmake somebody stop 'kidding around' or if it's something else completely. In\nwhat context can this be used?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-06T18:50:29.230",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65879",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-08T01:07:47.507",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-06T20:41:26.813",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33193",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words",
"archaic-language",
"role-language"
],
"title": "Meaning of \"お戯れを\"?",
"view_count": 316
}
|
[
{
"body": "お[戯]{たわむ}れを is mainly heard in samurai dramas. Typically, a samurai or a maid\nsays this to their master in the sense of \"You must be joking\" or \"You're not\nserious, are you?\" In dramas set in modern Japan, an old butler- or detective-\nlike character may say this, too.\n\nA more common equivalent in modern Japanese is ご冗談を.\n\n**EDIT:** You may be wondering which verb is omitted after を, but there are no\n\"long\" versions of these expressions.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-06T19:50:35.630",
"id": "65882",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-08T01:07:47.507",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-08T01:07:47.507",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65879",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
}
] |
65879
| null |
65882
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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"body": "What does ぶった mean in this context? I can't find the word in any dictionary.",
"comment_count": 9,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-06T19:39:58.033",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65881",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-06T23:49:58.840",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-06T19:50:05.400",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "32820",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"words",
"colloquial-language",
"gemination"
],
"title": "Problem with sentence ぶった！この子ぶった！",
"view_count": 188
}
|
[] |
65881
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65886",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Trying to look up the etymology of the kanji 金, every reference seems to give\na different explanation. Let me ask about two references (Wiktionary and\nHanziyuan)\n\n[Wiktionary](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%87%91) gives the following\netymology\n\n> semantic 王 (“upside-down axe”) + semantic 呂 (“two blocks of metal”) +\n> phonetic 亼. 亼 is the ancient form for 今.\n\nHanziyuan said that in decomposition notes\n\n> (- musical bell indicating metal)\n\nI want to know the real etymology for this kanji and if it is one of these\ntwo, I want to understand why.\n\nI mean, if the Wiktionary explanation is correct then why is the upside-down\naxe part of the character; if the Hanziyuan explanation is correct, then how\ndoes the musical bell indicate the metal and where is this musical bell in\nkanji?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-07T02:09:35.840",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65883",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-08T07:23:02.370",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-07T21:18:11.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "32763",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"etymology"
],
"title": "What is the etymology of the kanji 金?",
"view_count": 592
}
|
[
{
"body": "「[金]{きん}」can indeed be viewed as containing semantic「呂」, semantic「王」, and\nphonetic「[今]{きん}」.\n\n> 「王」is a depiction of the blade of a _battle axe_ , used as a _symbol of\n> power/authority_ > _king_ > _prince_.\n>\n> `[商](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang_dynasty) \n> [金](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_bronze_inscriptions) \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/B4cYX.png) \n> 小臣卣 \n>\n> [集成5378](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=5378&jgwfl=)``[西周](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Zhou) \n> 金 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ipBTx.png) \n> 大盂鼎 \n> [集成2837](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=2837&jgwfl=)``今 \n> [楷](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_script) \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/mwjyd.png) \n> \n> `\n>\n> In「金」,「王」is being used for the meaning _metal_ _(battle-axe)_ , emphasised\n> here as an item of metallic manufacture.\n>\n> * * *\n>\n> As discussed\n> [before](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/65804/what-is-the-\n> etymology-of-the-kanji-%E9%A3%9F/65809#65809),「亼」is a _component_ in「今」. The\n> more complex story is that, early on during the Shang Dynasty,\n> both「亼」and「今」were used to represent the same word.「亼」is「口」written upside-\n> down, while「今」is「曰」( _to speak_ ) written upside-down. The shape of「曰」is\n> derived from「口」; see [What's the deal with/origin of the character\n> 曰?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/3635/whats-the-deal-with-\n> origin-of-the-character-%E6%9B%B0).\n>\n> `商 \n> [甲](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_bone_script) \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ls4G8.png) \n>\n> [後](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)1.11.9 \n> [合集36955](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=36955&jgwfl=)``商 \n> 甲 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/u1hbm.png) \n>\n> [鐵](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)110.4 \n> [合集6038](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=6038&jgwfl=)``西周 \n> 金 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/bnKo9.png) \n> 夨令方彝 \n> [集成9901](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=9901&jgwfl=)`` \n> [篆](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_seal_script) \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZbMS5.png) \n> [說文解字](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuowen_Jiezi) \n> ``[東漢](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Han_dynasty#Eastern_Han) \n> [隸](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clerical_script) \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/BG6Yc.png) \n> 老子銘碑 \n> ``今 \n> 楷 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/om4Ub.png) \n> \n> `\n>\n> 「今」is no longer used nowadays for its original meaning, which is now written\n> as「吟・噤」.「今」(Zhengzhang OC: **/*krɯm/** ) was originally a depiction of a\n> _blocked mouth_ , indicating the meaning _unable to speak_ , and it may\n> share etymology with「禁」(also **/*krɯm/** ; _taboo, warning, prohibition_ ).\n>\n> * * *\n>\n> 「呂」depicts _metal disks/plates_ , representing a word now written as「鋁」(\n> _copper plates_ , now re-interpreted as _aluminium_ ).\n>\n> `商 \n> 甲 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/DkQw9.png) \n>\n> [乙](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)8854 \n> [合集22265](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=22265&jgwfl=)``西周 \n> 金 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/bjenW.png) \n> 貉子卣 \n> [集成5409](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=5409&jgwfl=)``西周 \n> 金 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/fRhBd.png) \n> 效父簋 \n>\n> [集成3822](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=3822&jgwfl=)``[楚](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu_\\(state\\)) \n> [簡](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamboo_and_wooden_slips) \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/OF18f.png) \n>\n> [上・䊷](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/ChuwenziReference)・15 \n> `` \n> 篆 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/zDP3z.png) \n> 說文解字 \n> ``今 \n> 楷 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/cI6Xl.png) \n> \n> `\n>\n\n>> Note:「呂」had the same graphical origins as「⼎」, both representing _metal\ndisks/plates_ made from a forging process. While「呂」represented a word now\nwritten as「鋁」,「⼎」represented a word now written as「鉼」( _metal plates_ ).\n\n>>\n\n>> You may later come across resources telling you that「⼎」means _ice_ ,\ncommonly used as a semantic component to do with _ice/cold_. In truth, this is\na phonetic loan;「⼎」>「鉼」sounded similar to the word now written as「冰」(\n_Shinjitai:_ 「氷」; _ice_ ), and was used early on to represent this word.\n\nBringing these components together:\n\n`西周 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/x4NBA.png) \n過伯簋 \n[集成3907](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=3907&jgwfl=)``西周 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/knLiN.png) \n師㝨簋 \n[集成4313](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=4313&jgwfl=)`` \n篆 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/oZxSW.png) \n說文解字 \n``[秦](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qin_dynasty) \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/9WY6B.png) \n[日甲](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/QinwenziReference)90背 \n``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/6RUNY.png) \n \n`\n\n* * *\n\n**References** :\n\n * 季旭昇《說文新證》\n * [小學堂](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/)\n * [國學大師](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/)\n * [郭沫若《甲骨文合集》](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/)\n * [中國社會科學院考古研究{{kr:所}}《殷周金文集成》](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-07T07:18:14.280",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 10
}
] |
65883
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65886
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65886
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65885",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was using Jisho.org to help me figure out the tense of the following passive\nverb\n\n> 殺されかかったんだ\n\nwhen it decides to combine 殺され (passive form) with かかった thereby forming\n\"殺されかかった\" as a 'recognized' whole verb (recognized meaning its fully\nunderlined in the link thingy).\n\nI still don't know what the two かか's mean, although my bad gut intuition is\nsaying that the first か is a question particle, thereby making it a passive\nquestion parsed by かったんだ.... I really am confused as to what it means and how\nto parse the segments correctly.\n\n> Original sentence: ……そうだ, 殺されかかったんだ",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-07T05:25:44.513",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65884",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-07T07:27:25.233",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-07T07:27:25.233",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"conjugations",
"compound-verbs"
],
"title": "What kind of inflection is occuring in passive vb + かかった?",
"view_count": 726
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「Verb in 連用形{れんようけい} (continuative form) + かかる」\n\nmeans:\n\n> \"to be about to (verb)\", \"to be on the point of (verb)ing\", etc.\n\nThe first verb used in this expression can be either in the active or passive\nvoice form. Active or passive, Japanese verbs still inflect in the same\nmanner.\n\n**_Active voice_** : 「殺し」 is the 連用形 of 「殺す」\n\n「殺 **し** かかった」= \"was about to kill\"\n\n**_Passive voice_** : 「殺され」 is the 連用形 of 「殺される」\n\n「殺 **され** かかった」 = \"was about to be killed\"\n\nThe two か's cannot be separated as 「かかる」 is just one verb.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-07T06:00:09.283",
"id": "65885",
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"parent_id": "65884",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 11
}
] |
65884
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65885
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65885
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65888",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am struggling to understand this sentence’s structure:\n\n> 宿題を時間内に終わらせられなかった。\n\nI think I get the idea of causative-passive as in “I was being made to finish\nthe homework”. However, I noticed that we have the intransitive verb 終わる and\nnot the transitive 終える. But we also have a direct object 宿題. Unless I am the\nobject in this case? I am really confused.\n\nWould this sentence translate to: \n**I couldn’t be made to finish the homework in time.** \nOr to: \n**I couldn’t be made to be finished with the homework in time.**\n\nAlso, I can’t think of a way not to add the ‘potential form’ in English. Is\nthere a potential form hidden there somewhere in Japanese?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-07T16:55:25.470",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65887",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-07T18:57:02.283",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-07T18:57:02.283",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "29358",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"parsing",
"passive-voice",
"potential-form",
"causation"
],
"title": "Combination of causative-passive and intransive verb with a direct object?",
"view_count": 165
}
|
[
{
"body": "(ら)れる has both a potential meaning and a passive meaning (along with [other\ntwo less common meanings](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/43898/5010)).\nFor example, 食べられる means both \"to be able to eat\" and \"to be eaten\". In your\nsentence, れる has a potential meaning.\n\n * 終わる: (simple intransitive verb) \"to end\"\n * 終わら **せる** : [causative] \"to make something end\" (i.e., \"to finish something\")\n * 終わらせら **れる** : [causative- **potential** ] \"can make something end\"\n * 終わらせられ **ない** : [negative-causative-potential] \"cannot make something end\"\n * 終わらせられなかっ **た** : [past-negative-causative-potential] \"could not make something end\"\n\n> 宿題を時間内に終わらせられなかった。 \n> I could not finish my homework in time.\n\nYou can say the same thing using the transitive verb 終える:\n\n> 宿題を時間内に終えられなかった。 \n> I could not finish my homework in time.\n\nRelated: [Is there a reason why the passive and the potential form are\nidentical (at least for える/いる\nverbs)?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/60050/5010)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-07T18:25:51.433",
"id": "65888",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-07T18:25:51.433",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65887",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
65887
|
65888
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65888
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65891",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have this sentence in front of me\n\n> 耳元で男の人の声がするのが耐えられないって\n\nwhich is translated as:\n\n> she said she couldn't stand hearing a male voice near her ear.\n\nIf I am right, here, って is actually translated as \"said\" which makes me\nrealise, I am only familiar with the present form of quoting particles と and\nって. Taking into the account that 耐えられない is the present form of the verb, and\nthe translation is about something which happened in the past, I feel that I\nam actually ignorant about the grammar of the quoting particle.\n\nHow do we know if the quoting is about something which is happening now (says)\nor something which happened in the past (said), do we use the same quoting\nparticle for past and present? If so, how do we recognise the difference?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-07T18:59:39.423",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65889",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-07T19:26:46.067",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-07T19:26:46.067",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "30049",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-と",
"tense",
"quotes",
"particle-って"
],
"title": "The past tense for the quoting particle って",
"view_count": 673
}
|
[
{
"body": "The quoting particle と (or って) is tenseless, just as the quotation marks `\"`\nfor direct speech ( _she said \"I want to sing\"_ ), or `that` for indirect\nspeech ( _she said that she wanted to sing_ ) are tenseless.\n\nThe tense is reflected in the verb that is used with the quoting particle,\ne.g.\n\n * ～といいました\n * ～といった\n * ～といっています\n\nIn your example sentence, the correct tense for translation into English has\nto be determined from the context of the original sentence, as there is no\nverb to read off the tense.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-07T19:26:02.613",
"id": "65891",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-07T19:26:02.613",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "65889",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 14
}
] |
65889
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65891
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65891
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "\"Kimashita\" is the past tense of \"to come\". But it seems like in this\nsituation, よくて きました, kimashita means you did, or you were? What am I missing\nin this case?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-07T19:13:38.760",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65890",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-07T19:26:07.597",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33203",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "Does this translate to \"good job?\"",
"view_count": 81
}
|
[
{
"body": "You are either misreading it, or reading a typo. It should be よく **で** きました\n(parsed as よく・できました), which indeed means \"good job\" or \"well done\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-07T19:26:07.597",
"id": "65892",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-07T19:26:07.597",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "78",
"parent_id": "65890",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
65890
| null |
65892
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65894",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I came across the following sentence in a book:\n\n> 身体を起こし、手足がこれといった支障もなく動くのを確かめた。\n\nand searched on Jisho.org for 障もなく. It sent me to\n[https://jisho.org/search/障む](https://jisho.org/search/%E9%9A%9C%E3%82%80),\nsaying that \"障もなく is the negative form\" of 障む。\n\nHowever, I know that for that to be correct, it would have to be まなくて, not\nwhat is written in the book. Then I remembered that the も could be from the\nvolitional form; and looked through my Genki 2 textbook, but failed to find\nthe conjugation for negative volitional phrases, which means that 障もなく is\neither not volitional, not negative, or I'm leaping down another dead-end\nrabbit hole again via wrong analysis of what the text means.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-07T21:23:41.607",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65893",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-08T01:30:29.637",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-08T01:27:30.867",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"usage",
"conjugations",
"parsing"
],
"title": "Can verbs simutaniously use the volitional form and negative form?",
"view_count": 160
}
|
[
{
"body": "There is a negative volitional. It's ~まい and it's not super common outside\nsome fixed patterns like\n\n> あろ **う** ことかある **まい** ことか\n>\n> 子供じゃある **まい** し\n\nHowever, it doesn't apply here anyways as that's not the grammar that's\nhappening here. By the way, Jisho made a parsing mistake: the negative form of\n障む is 障まない.\n\nThe main issue is that you seem to be parsing the sentence incorrectly. 支障 is\na noun. The もない means `without any` and なく is the continuative form of ない (it\nworks here like an adverb pretty much). Maybe you've seen the phrase 何もない\nbefore? So then 支障もない means without any 支障.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-07T21:51:05.897",
"id": "65894",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-08T01:30:29.637",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "10045",
"parent_id": "65893",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
65893
|
65894
|
65894
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65908",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was looking up how the name Will Smith is pronounced and written in\nJapanese. Why does \"Will\" become 「ウィル」? I would have expected ワ to be used\ninstead for the first sound.\n\nI found mentions of the \"w\" sound in English having a more rounded lip shape\nin English than the closest Japanese sound, and I am guessing that part of my\nconfusion is that I probably don't understand how 「ウィ」 is pronounced in\nJapanese. I found audio of Will Smith's name in Japanese, but it seemed to be\nan automated voice and not a recording of a human, so I don't trust it.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-07T23:17:56.207",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65895",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-08T14:38:58.933",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "19849",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"pronunciation",
"katakana",
"loanwords"
],
"title": "Transcription and pronunciation of words that had \"wi\" in them in English and are「ウィ」in Japanese",
"view_count": 902
}
|
[
{
"body": "As in many other languages, phonetic changes have occured in Japanese over the\ncenturies. One of them is with \"wi\". We actually used to pronounce the mora\n\"wi\" as \"wi\". The hiragana for that was 「ゐ」 and the katakana, 「ヰ」.\n\nIn our time, however, this syllable has disappeared and has been replaced by\nthe consonant-less 「うぃ」 and 「ウィ」, respectively. Thus, 「ウィル・スミス」 is currently\nthe only \"proper\" way to pronounce \"Will Smith\" in Japanese.\n\nIn English, you no longer pronounce the letters \"g\" and \"h\" in the word\n\"daughter\", do you? I won't even mention \"knight\" as you only pronounce half\nof the letters in it. So what we are discussing is not a phenomenon unique to\nJapanese.\n\n\"Whisky\" in Japanese is 「ウィスキー」. Just as in 「ウィル」, it starts with the vowel\n「ウ」 and not the consonant \"w\".\n\n「ゐ」 and 「ヰ」, which I mentioned above, are now used **_only for aesthetic\npurposes_**. Use them daily and you simply will look very weird. Take a look\nat the official website for Nikka Whisky:\n\n<https://www.nikka.com/story/>\n\nIt says 「ニッカウ **ヰ** スキー」. That does not mean, however, we read it as \"Wiスキー\".\nThe \"wi\" syllable is long gone in sound if not in kana/spelling.\n\nListen to the very first syllable in this commercial.\n\n<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CAVUs8r5tK8>",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-08T14:38:58.933",
"id": "65908",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-08T14:38:58.933",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
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"parent_id": "65895",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
65895
|
65908
|
65908
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65900",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Does the なんだ at the end of\n\n> **ここは** どこなんだ\n\nmean \"what\"?\n\nReason I'm asking for help on such a obvious question is my brain thinks なんだ\nis the explanatory んだ; which I know is wrong, but its the only answer my brain\nis supplying at the moment. And I doubt \"なんだ\" is \"what\", as that would make\nthe full sentence translate as \"What where is this place/here?\" which does not\nsound correct in the least bit of sense.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-08T02:08:12.073",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65896",
"last_activity_date": "2021-01-07T22:40:09.090",
"last_edit_date": "2021-01-07T19:40:42.087",
"last_editor_user_id": "37097",
"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "Does the nanda at the end of ここはどこなんだ mean \"what\"?",
"view_count": 1585
}
|
[
{
"body": "Yes, you are right in your speculation:\n\n> なんだ is the explanatory んだ.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-08T04:24:49.663",
"id": "65900",
"last_activity_date": "2021-01-07T22:40:09.090",
"last_edit_date": "2021-01-07T22:40:09.090",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "26492",
"parent_id": "65896",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
65896
|
65900
|
65900
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Is this always the case for words that end in して similar to how です is\npronounced \"des\"?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-08T03:00:03.053",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65897",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-08T03:35:04.870",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33208",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"pronunciation"
],
"title": "Is the し in はじめまして pronounced as \"shi\" or as \"sh\"?",
"view_count": 307
}
|
[
{
"body": "From what I hear, usually, the じ in はじめまして is included in the greeting. People\nshorten the \"shi\" into sounding like \"sh\" is because it would be more\nconvenient in conversations. The same applies to \"desu\". If you are using\nRomanization(changing Japanese symbols into English pronunciations), keep in\nmind that in order to speak to the same dialect of a Japanese local, you\nshould shorten words like \"desu\" to sounding like \"des\" to make more\nefficient.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-08T03:35:04.870",
"id": "65898",
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"score": -1
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65897
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65898
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{
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"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Where does モテ come from? モテる to be popular with opposite sex.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-08T04:57:05.877",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65901",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"etymology",
"colloquial-language",
"katakana",
"slang"
],
"title": "What is the etymology of モテる?",
"view_count": 1653
}
|
[
{
"body": "モテる derives from 持てる. It is written with katakana to show its colloquial\nmeaning. (Note that it is モテる and not *モてる. Similarly one has キレる, イケる, ウケる,\netc.)\n\nFor example 大辞林 has\n\n> **もてる** 【持てる】\n>\n> （動 タ 下一） \n> 〔「持つ」の可能動詞から〕\n>\n> ① 人気があって、ちやほやされる。 「女に－・てる男」 \n> ② 長くその状態を保つ。維持する。もちこたえる。 「共通の話題がなくて座が－・てない」\n\nI guess the meaning of モテる can be explained as follows. 持てる means \"to be able\nto carry/bear\" and a secondary meaning is \"to sustain/support\". The meaning of\nモテる \"to be popular\" now derives from this extended meaning \"to\nsupport/endorse\". (Note also 持て囃す・持て栄す \"to praise\".)\n\nGrammatically, this might be a bit confusing as the role of もてる is somewhere\nbetween active voice (\"to support\") and passive voice (\"to be supported\"), but\non this point even the dictionaries cannot agree: For example 大辞泉 lists 維持\n**される** as a meaning, whereas 大辞林 (above) has 維持 **する**.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-08T05:53:22.543",
"id": "65902",
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{
"body": "I've been following this thread with some interest. So far, I think folks are\nmissing some of the underlying sense of 持つ, and the semantic overlap with\ncertain English expressions that might more clearly explain the development to\nEnglish readers.\n\n持つ does include senses of _\"to hold\"_ , as mentioned by the original poster.\n\nHowever, it **also** includes senses of _\"to get, to receive\"_ , and this is\nwhere we can start to see relevance to the _\"popular\"_ sense at issue in the\nquestion.\n\nThink about the English expression _\"to get some\"_ , as pertains to men and\nwomen (or more broadly, to any potential coupling scenario). The English\nphrase is specifically about getting (usually very particular) attention. The\nJapanese verb モテる is 持つ conjugated in the potential form, and thus the meaning\nis more like _\"to **be able to** get some\"_, that is, _\"to be popular (with\nthe opposite sex)\"_.\n\n_(The above is based on limited research. If anyone has any backing from\nhistorical documents that could further elucidate the sense development, by\nall means, please post.)_",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-08T17:48:47.437",
"id": "65913",
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65901
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65902
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"body": "Can someone let me know if this is the proper way to say the sentence \"Unity\nin Diversity\"? I know that the literal translation would be \"Diversity in\nUnity\". Just wanted to know is correct wording and grammar for the sentence.\n\nThank you",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-08T07:50:25.363",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65903",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-03-08T11:26:18.217",
"last_editor_user_id": "29347",
"owner_user_id": "33210",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "Is this \"Tayō-sei no naka no tōitsu\" a correct translation of \"Unity in Diversity\"?",
"view_count": 269
}
|
[] |
65903
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "My question is about the \"~たい\"-form (\"want to\"). \nI know that in a sentence containing this form, you can use は to mark the\nperson who desires something. For example, \"私は、東京に行きたい\".\n\nBut then I came across this sentence:\n\n> あなたが一番したいことはなんですか？\n\nI translated it as \"What is the thing you want to do most?\". So here, が is the\nparticle used to mark the one who desires something.\n\nNow, for my question: Can が always be used to mark the one who desires\nsomething in a \"~たい\"-sentence, or is it something that is limited to relative\nclauses such as the one in the second example?\n\nIn extension, is it okay to say \"私がケーキを食べたい\" or \"私がケーキが食べたい\"? Sounds a bit\nstrange to me, but then again, my Japanese isn't really great yet. \nBut anyways, thanks for reading through my question!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-08T14:21:51.050",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65907",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-03-08T14:58:52.070",
"last_editor_user_id": "22352",
"owner_user_id": "33212",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"particles",
"particle-が",
"relative-clauses",
"i-adjectives",
"subordinate-clauses"
],
"title": "\"~たい\"-form and associated particle usage",
"view_count": 269
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「あなた **が** 一番{いちばん}したいこと **は** なんですか？」\n\nThis sentece is perfect in every way and it means what you said -- \" **What is\nthe thing you want to do most?** \".\n\n> Can が always be used to mark the one who desires something in a\n> \"~たい\"-sentence, or is it something that is limited to relative clauses such\n> as the one in the second example?\n\nIt is the latter.\n\n「あなた **が** 一番したい」 is a relative clause that modifies the noun 「こと」. Inside\nrelative clauses, the topic/subject-marker is **_always_** 「 **が** 」. This 「が」\njust cannot be replaced by a 「は」.\n\nTo use 「あなた **は** 」(instead of 「あなた **が** 」) correctly to say practically the\nsame thing would be to say:\n\n「あなた **は** なに **が** 一番したいですか？」\n\nUsing 「は」 is correct and natural because it is not used inside a relative\nclause or any kind of sub-clause in the sentence just above.\n\n> is it okay to say \"私 **が** ケーキ **を** 食べたい\" or \"私 **が** ケーキ **が** 食べたい\"?\n\n**_Only when the context calls for it, yes_**.\n\nLet me first talk about English. Consider these two short conversations.\n\n1) A: Who are you? B: I'm Bob.\n\n2) A: Which one of you is Bob? B: I'm Bob.\n\nDid you read B's two replies with the same intonation? I highly doubt it even\nthough I know almost no English.\n\nIn Japanese, in 1) B would say 「ボク **は** ボブです。」 and in 2), 「ボク **が** ボブです。」.\nSurprised?\n\nBack to your sentences..\n\nIf I asked you 「何が食べたいの？」(What would you like to eat?), you should reply 「ボク\n**は** ケーキが食べたい。」 The focus is on what kind of food rather than who the eater\nis.\n\nIf, however, I asked 「誰{だれ}がケーキを食べたいの？」(Who wants to eat a cake?), you should\nreply 「ボク **が** ケーキを食べたい。」 The focus is on **_who among the group_** , not\nwhat s/he wants to eat.\n\nI know this is not easy, but **you will get there one day**. ← That part in\nbold was a 「は」 sentence, BTW. J-learners use 「が」 **_way_** too often and I\nhave never quite understood why.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-08T18:05:10.980",
"id": "65914",
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"body": "You are correct about the first sentence, but I've always seen the relative\nclause used. This is in a bit of a contrast to the Ⅹがほしい construction. If you\nhaven't learned that form yet, you might later! It's also used to describe\nwants, but in a different way. So also try to keep the two forms straight!\n\nIn addition to the answer detailed about は and が , a resource that explains\nthe semantic distinction very well is Jay Rubin's \"Making Sense of Japanese\".\nIt's a collection of essays by Rubin, but a major point of his is explaining\nthe difference in context, which is often not conveyed well by Japanese\nlanguage learning classes to start with and so many of us J-learners run\nacross not knowing when to use which one appropriately.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-09T01:45:20.340",
"id": "65917",
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"score": 0
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65907
| null |
65914
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{
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"body": "How would I reply in Japanese to the question how I'm doing (I had surgery\nlast month)? よく治っています is the best I've been able to come up with, but is there\nsome phrase for this or something?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-08T16:09:03.020",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65909",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-08T16:38:00.513",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "33214",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"phrases"
],
"title": "How do I say in Japanese \"I'm doing much better/healing well\"?",
"view_count": 948
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「よく治{なお}っています。」\n\nwill be understood by basically all native speakers, but it is not what many\nof us would say ourselves because it sounds a little awkward. Instead, we\nwould say:\n\n・「よくなっています。」 by using 「なる」\n\n・「よくなってきています。」\n\n・「日{ひ}に日に元気{げんき}になっています。」\n\netc.\n\nMore formally, we might say:\n\n・「快方{かいほう}に向{む}かっています。」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-08T16:38:00.513",
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65909
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"body": "I came across a sentence that ends with ひとつだけ in a book and searching on jisho\ngave me zero results\n([https://jisho.org/search/ひとつだけ](https://jisho.org/search/%E3%81%B2%E3%81%A8%E3%81%A4%E3%81%A0%E3%81%91));\nnor did searching for the individual parsing of what I remember from the audio\nof the VN (i.e. hitotsu--DakE) give me any helpful results that would make\nsense in context.\n\n> しかも、出入り口は錆の浮いた鉄扉が **ひとつだけ** 。\n\nTDLR: What does the sentence end(?) ひとつだけ mean in the above context and does\nit have a general meaning when used at the end of a sentence as opposed to\nbeing used elsewhere in the sentence?\n\nEdit:\n\nContext: Narrator is describing a unfamiliar room he wakes up in. I think that\nひとつだけ in the above context will not work as individual parsings as ひとつ most\nlikely means either the \"adverbial noun – just\" or the numeric one in the\nabove context that adverbially/numerically describes the 鉄扉 (iron door). The\nnext bit, だけ most likely is a particle (\"only\") but I don't see how the \"only\"\ncan affect the 鉄扉 as the ひとつ is already doing that to the \"iron door\". The\nonly way I can see both affecting 鉄扉 is if ひとつだけ is a qualifier sentence\n(technically a qualifier phrase) being used in reverse-order.",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-08T16:40:05.230",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65911",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-03-08T17:26:04.743",
"last_editor_user_id": "26406",
"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"word-requests",
"word-usage",
"sentence-final-particles",
"particle-だけ"
],
"title": "What does it mean to end a sentence with ひとつだけ?",
"view_count": 456
}
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[
{
"body": "Consider these simpler examples:\n\n> * リンゴ **は** 2個です。 \n> The number of apples is two.\n> * 参加者 **は** 3人です。 \n> The number of participants is three.\n> * 「箱の中には何がありますか？」「バナナ **が** 2本です。」 \n> \"What is in the box?\" \"Two bananas.\"\n>\n\nAlthough \"Apples are two\" makes no sense in English, リンゴは2個です is a perfectly\nvalid way to tell the number of things in Japanese. As you already know, the\ntopic marker は is used for things already in the universe of discourse. が is\nused to introduce a new item into the universe of discourse.\n\nYou can use both は and が at the same time:\n\n> 参加者 **は** 日本人 **が** 3人です。 \n> Regarding (the number of) participants, there are three Japanese people.\n\nYou can drop です/だ to make a sentence look more compact and/or dramatic (体言止め):\n\n> 参加者は3人。 \n> (There are) three participants.\n\nYou can add だけ (or のみ) to add the meaning of \"only\".\n\n> 参加者は3人 **だけ** です。 \n> The number of participants is only three.\n\nCombined together, we have something like:\n\n> 参加者は日本人が3人だけ。 \n> Regarding participants, there are only three Japanese people.\n\nThis is exactly how your sentence in question is constructed, too.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2019-03-10T01:25:08.437",
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65911
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"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm trying to translate the following sentence, and I need some help with\nlocating and understanding possible nuances for translating 錆の浮いた.\n\nThe two best possible translations of it (\" **become loose** \" and \" **to\nfloat** \") both work in the overall sentence; however, the issue is I don't\nknow if there are any nuances that would lead to one being more accurate than\nthe other.\n\nAny advice or tips will be helpful.\n\n> しかも、出入り口は **錆の浮いた** 鉄扉がひとつだけ。\n\nPossible translations I've come up with are:\n\n> Furthermore, the exit and entrance to the room is only one iron door with\n> floating rust particles.\n>\n> Furthermore, the exit and entrance to the room is only one iron door loose\n> with rust.\n>\n> Furthermore, the exit and entrance to the room is only one iron door loose\n> with rust particles.\n\nEdit: The translation I am going with is:\n\n> \"Furthermore, the exit and entrance to the room is only one iron door\n> peeling with rust.\"\n\nRealized this is what the sentence possibly meant thanks to the very helpful\nsuggestion via comment by sazarando.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-08T17:39:27.613",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65912",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-03-09T20:33:24.580",
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"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"word-choice",
"nuances"
],
"title": "I need help with locating nuances in translation for the phrase 錆の浮いた",
"view_count": 194
}
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[
{
"body": "Weblio is a very useful resource aggregator, freely available online, and\nsourcing from various dictionaries.\n\n[Their thesaurus entry for\n錆が浮く](https://thesaurus.weblio.jp/content/%E9%8C%86%E3%81%8C%E6%B5%AE%E3%81%8F)\nmay help you discern the actual meaning.\n\nAs far as the phrasing goes, it's important to note that one of the senses of\n錆 is:\n\n> 化学変化によって、金属 **の表面に生じた** 、酸化物の皮膜。水酸化物、炭酸塩その他の塩類の皮膜についてもいう。\n\n(Sourced from Shogakukan's 1988 国語大辞典; emphasis mine.)\n\nThe bold part is consistent with pretty much all senses of 浮く and 浮ける:\nsomething comes **to the surface**. This is true for the common English\ntranslation of _\"to float\"_. However, in cases like rust on a piece of metal,\ndescribing the rust as _\"floating\"_ is clearly not the correct turn of phrase,\nand you should probably try some other wording, perhaps even something simple\nlike _\"rusted\"_.\n\n### Update: Meaning and Translation\n\nI may have gotten the wrong end of the stick at some point (and if so, I hope\nthat a native-J contributor might chime in), but when it comes to the phrase\n錆が浮く, I really think that translating 浮く here as _\"float\"_ is missing the\nmark. Have a look at [Google Images for the phrase\n\"錆が浮いた\"](https://www.google.com/search?q=%22%E9%8C%86%E3%81%8C%E6%B5%AE%E3%81%84%E3%81%9F%22&tbm=isch)\nand you'll see lots of hits related to things simply \"being rusted\". There's\nnothing about \"floating\" at all, not even about rust flaking off. Nor is there\nanything about \"loose\". This is one good example:\n\n\n\n> **錆が浮いた** チェーンを地道に磨く \n> Steadily polishing a **rusted** chain\n\nAs you can see from the image, the rust is quite minor, with no flakes, and no\nloosening of the surface in any way.\n\n### Update: Using Weblio\n\nI'd mistaken your language ability. I'm sorry for that. I'd like to encourage\nyou to work on your Japanese comprehension until you can use monolingual\nresources -- you'll learn a lot more about any language when learning about it\n\"from inside\", as it were. :)\n\nIn addition, Weblio has many different resources, not just a thesaurus. For\ninstance, if you click through to [the thesaurus\nentry](https://thesaurus.weblio.jp/content/%E9%8C%86%E3%81%8C%E6%B5%AE%E3%81%8F),\nthen look across the top of the page, you'll see **英和・和英辞典** , which links\nthrough to [the E>J / J>E dictionary page for that\nentry](https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/%E9%8C%86%E3%81%8C%E6%B5%AE%E3%81%8F).\nSadly, there is no E<>J entry currently in Weblio for this phrase, but you can\nuse the search bar there to find other things. Looking up the E<>J entry for\n浮く, for instance, can lead you to [the list of usage\nexamples](https://ejje.weblio.jp/sentence/content/%E6%B5%AE%E3%81%8F), where\nwe find that 浮く does not necessarily translate directly to just \"float\".\n\nEven with limited Japanese capability, if you run across a page like [the\nthesaurus\nentry](https://thesaurus.weblio.jp/content/%E9%8C%86%E3%81%8C%E6%B5%AE%E3%81%8F),\ntry picking apart what meaning you can directly. Also look for clickable terms\n-- many of the 類語, or synonyms, have clickable thesaurus entries of their own,\nsome of them with full corresponding E<>J entries.\n\nGood luck with your studies!\n\n### Update: Relative Clauses\n\nIn Japanese relative clauses, functionally equivalent to English phrases like\nthe bolded part in _\"the thing **that does XYZ** \"_, the subject of the clause\ncan take either が or の without changing the meaning.\n\nAs such, these two are semantically equivalent:\n\n> 錆 **の** 浮いた鉄扉 \n> 錆 **が** 浮いた鉄扉\n\nIn both cases, we have 錆[の・が]浮いた modifying (describing) the noun 鉄扉.\n\nWhen converting a relative clause (that modifies a following noun) into an\nindependent clause (a statement all on its own), we change what we're talking\nabout -- we go from talking about the 鉄扉, to talking about the 錆, so we need\nto mark the 錆 as the subject using が, rather than a noun modifying something\nlater in the sentence, when we can use の.\n\nIf you see a phrase in a relative clause that uses の after the clause's noun,\nand you'd like to look it up online to confirm meaning and usage, search with\nboth の and が to catch more hits.\n\nOther posts have gone more deeply into the mechanics of using の and が in\nrelative clauses. This is probably the most relevant that I've found:\n\n * [Why can の and が both mark subjects in relative clauses?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/28200/why-can-%E3%81%AE-and-%E3%81%8C-both-mark-subjects-in-relative-clauses)\n\nYou might also enjoy perusing the other search hits:\n\n * [relative+clause+の+が](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/search?q=relative+clause+%E3%81%AE+%E3%81%8C)",
"comment_count": 4,
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"creation_date": "2019-03-08T20:33:04.663",
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},
{
"body": "In terms of nuance, it is more like the rust is at the surface. So while the\nimpulse may be to literally say \"floating rust particles\" it sounds more\nnatural to say something like \"loose with rust\" or \"with visible rust\" (such\nthat it is visible on the surface). Unfortunately some companies prefer a\nliteral translation so it depends also how much freedom of judgment you can\nexercise here.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-08T21:27:23.747",
"id": "65916",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-08T21:27:23.747",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33213",
"parent_id": "65912",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
65912
|
65915
|
65915
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65920",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I need to communicate that I am allergic to some sunscreens (but not all). I\nknow that 'some' is a difficult concept to get across in Japanese, so how\nwould I say it in this specific case?\n\nie. \"(some)日焼け止めにアレルギーがあります。\"",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-09T10:32:16.350",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65918",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-09T16:07:09.387",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-09T10:47:43.287",
"last_editor_user_id": "33223",
"owner_user_id": "33223",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"nuances",
"word-requests"
],
"title": "How to say \"Some\" in Japanese",
"view_count": 1047
}
|
[
{
"body": "> (いくつかの)日焼け止めにアレルギーがあります。\n>\n> (一部の)日焼け止めにアレルギーがあります。",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-09T12:37:24.890",
"id": "65920",
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"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "33226",
"parent_id": "65918",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
65918
|
65920
|
65920
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65925",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What exactly is the difference betweekn 記念日 and 周年? I found both to mean\n\"anniversary\". Thank you in advance.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-09T13:59:24.903",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65922",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-09T22:03:21.667",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33227",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"nuances"
],
"title": "Difference 記念日 vs 周年",
"view_count": 259
}
|
[
{
"body": "周年 just indicates the number of **years** that something has been in\ncontinuing or in operation. This term is used in regards to anniversaries, but\nonly as a description of what the anniversary is for.\n\n記念 is remembrance or commemoration. Adding 日 to it makes it 'Commemoration\n**Day** ', or 'Anniversary'.\n\nThese two terms are often used together to indicate both the\ncelebration/commemoration and what specifically it is celebrating.\n\n> 10 **周年** (の)結婚 **記念日**. Day of celebration of 10 years of marriage; 10-year\n> (marriage) anniversary.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-09T22:03:21.667",
"id": "65925",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-09T22:03:21.667",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27280",
"parent_id": "65922",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
65922
|
65925
|
65925
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65929",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'd like to say \"I like anime because its unpredictable\". I found out through\nsearching online that ありきたり translates to predictable, however I'm not sure if\nthis is correct.\n\nMy entire sentence:\n\n> いっぱんにアニメとまんがのものがたりはたのしいですとおもいます。なぜなら、いつもありきたりでわありません。\n\nMy second question would be, does いっぱんに translate to generally in the way I've\nused it above.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-09T16:06:44.090",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65923",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-11T06:45:35.213",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-10T06:05:18.157",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "33230",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"phrase-requests"
],
"title": "How to say unpredictable in Japanese",
"view_count": 576
}
|
[
{
"body": "I can't really tell you on the nuances and stuff of your sentence, but what I\ncan say for certain is that you should cut the です in front of the とおもいます. \nWhen です is used with i-Adjectives, its purpose is to make the expression\npolite (you can think of it as a replacement for the ~ます-form). Unlike in\nEnglish, the \"is\"-part of the adjective is pretty much already included in the\nplain form (i.e. how they appear in the dictionary) of i-Adjectives. So you\ncan think of たのしい as \"is funny\". And since quotative と most of the time uses\nthe plain form in front of it, たのしいとおもいます is better in this case.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-09T21:35:56.753",
"id": "65924",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-09T21:35:56.753",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33212",
"parent_id": "65923",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
},
{
"body": "One common way that people phrase this is by saying \"don't know what will\nhappen next\". Using the most basic vocab, I will say something like\n\n> アニメと[漫画]{まんが}は、次｛つぎ｝に何｛なに｝が起｛お｝こるか分｛わ｝かりませんから、楽｛たの｝しいと思｛おも｝います。\n\n次 means next, and 起こる/起こります means to occur (not to be confused with 起｛お｝きます).\n\nEdit: to clarify, both 起きる and 起こる are acceptable usages. In fact, [upon\nfurther research](https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E8%B5%B7%E3%81%8D%E3%82%8B),\n起きる is a more common way to say it.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-09T23:31:55.980",
"id": "65929",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-11T06:45:35.213",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-11T06:45:35.213",
"last_editor_user_id": "20542",
"owner_user_id": "20542",
"parent_id": "65923",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
65923
|
65929
|
65929
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm translating a sentence, and I come across the particle も. I remember\nlearning in my Beginner Japanese class that the particle も can be used to mean\n\"too\" in various situations, but that meaning is not applicable here. So then\nI went to [https://jisho.org/search/も](https://jisho.org/search/%E3%82%82),\nfor some possible alternative meanings. The Japanese sentence is\n\n> 「ここにじっとしていてもしょうがない………か」\n\nI believe a literal, word-by-word translation would be equivalent to the\nfollowing:\n\n> Here at patiently to be (も) it can’t be helped…… I guess.\n\nAdding what I think も means, and then turning the sentence into proper English\nresulted in the below translation:\n\n> \"As far as patiently remaining here it can't be helped...... I guess.\"\n\nMy question is, did I use and therefore translate the particle も correctly,\ndespite never learning this function of も in my Japanese classes?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-09T22:04:05.420",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65926",
"last_activity_date": "2023-05-19T08:08:31.180",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"particle-も"
],
"title": "Does the も particle mean \"as far as\" in the following sentence?",
"view_count": 196
}
|
[
{
"body": "You can't translate the も alone because it is part of an expression.\n\nThis expression is Verb in TE form + も which means 'Even if' or 'Even though'.\nHere is a link that will provide you the way you should use it and some\nexamples (<https://japanesetest4you.com/flashcard/learn-\njlpt-n4-grammar-%E3%81%A6%E3%82%82-temo/>). In the sentence you gave, you have\nthe verb する in the continuous form (している) and the ても expression is added as a\nsuffix to している which gives the していても form.\n\nSo the translation would give : \"Even if he/she is waiting/staying here\npatiently, we can't help it ... I guess\"",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-09T23:09:12.617",
"id": "65927",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-09T23:09:12.617",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31846",
"parent_id": "65926",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
65926
| null |
65927
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65932",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I started studying [_Modern Japanese Grammar: A Practical\nGuide_](https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0415572010) by Naomi\nMcGloin et al. In section 1.2, there's the following example:\n\n> [おどろいたことに、] 答えを知っている人はいませんでした。\n\nWhich is translated as:\n\n> [Surprisingly,] no one knew the answer.\n\nThis translation sounds a bit off to me. I'd say that the sentence roughly\ntranslates to \"[Surprisingly,] the person who know the answer is absent\",\nwhich isn't equivalent to provided translation. I guess it'd be more adequate\nif the original sentence was something like \"[おどろいたことに、] 誰も答えを知らない\". I think\nthat difference between \"no one knew\" and \"person who know was not here\" is\nquite stark. Second one implies presence of someone who know while first one\ndoes not.\n\nIs this an error in the book or do I understand it incorrectly?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-09T23:29:56.420",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65928",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-10T08:39:42.263",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-10T08:39:42.263",
"last_editor_user_id": "3871",
"owner_user_id": "27876",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "Translation of 答えを知っている人はいませんでした",
"view_count": 314
}
|
[
{
"body": "\"To be absent\" is not the only translation of いない. Xはいない can mean both of the\nfollowing:\n\n 1. X is (temporarily) not here; X is away; X is absent\n 2. There is no X (anywhere); X does not exist\n\nYou have to determine the correct interpretation from the context. Usually\nit's fairly easy.\n\n> * 宇宙人はいない。 Extraterrestrial intelligence does not exist.\n> * ネッシーはいない。 There is no\n> [Nessie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loch_Ness_Monster).\n>\n\nRegarding 答えを知っている人はいませんでした, it's indeed ambiguous, at least technically\nspeaking. If 答えを知っている人 has been already introduced in the universe of\ndiscourse and a listener/reader understands who is that person in this\ncontext, then your interpretation may be possible. Otherwise, \"There was no\none who knew the answer\" is the natural interpretation of this sentence.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-10T01:50:51.760",
"id": "65932",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-10T01:50:51.760",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65928",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
}
] |
65928
|
65932
|
65932
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65933",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> 「ここにじっとしていてもしょうがない………か」\n\n> 自分を奮い立たせるために、わざと自分の考え **を声に出し** 行動を始めた。\n\nI came across the expression 声を出す on jisho.org. I don't know if replacing the\nexpression's を with に (because を is already used earlier in the sentence) will\nallow me to use the 声を出す definition when translating. Is this allowed?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-10T01:42:34.970",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65931",
"last_activity_date": "2020-07-27T03:11:06.823",
"last_edit_date": "2020-07-27T03:11:06.823",
"last_editor_user_id": "26406",
"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particles",
"particle-に",
"particle-を",
"relative-clauses"
],
"title": "Will expression retain the same definition if particle is changed?",
"view_count": 369
}
|
[
{
"body": "声を出す cannot take another object because 声 itself is the object of this\ntransitive verb. What is said as a word is not important.\n\n声に出す is an \"incomplete\" expression because it lacks a direct object. It should\nbe preceded by an object or a quotative-と to show the content of the speech.\n声に itself is like an adverbial expression \"as (physical) voice\" or \"aloud\".\n\n> * 彼は謝罪の言葉を声に出した。\n> * 「ありがとう」と声に出して言いなさい。\n>\n\nSee this question for more examples: [What does \"声が出る\"\nmean?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/19255/5010)",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-10T01:58:54.847",
"id": "65933",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-10T02:36:23.333",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-10T02:36:23.333",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65931",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
},
{
"body": "I will assume you know how to connect verbs with the \"te-form\":\n\n> 晩【ばん】ご飯【はん】を食【た】べて、寝【ね】る。I will eat dinner and (then) sleep.\n\nSo, usually in texts/books, etc. There's a more formal way to do so, which is\nusing the dictionary form instead.\n\n> 晩【ばん】ご飯【はん】を食【た】べ、寝【ね】る。I will eat dinner, and (then) sleep.\n\nBut sometimes, writers do that without using a comma in between verbs/words,\nand that is what might be throwing you off. So what you have there is\n**声に出し、行動**. We could rewrite it as:\n\n> 自分を奮い立たせるために、 わざと自分の考えを声に出して、行動を始めた。In order to cheer myself up, I started\n> acting my thoughts out loud.\n\nIn your specific case though, I believe we should not use a comma, because it\nmight be using the following pattern **声に出して＋verb/noun** that usually means\n**\"Doing something out loud\".**\n\n> 声に出して読む - To read out loud.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-10T02:14:20.527",
"id": "65934",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-10T08:40:35.120",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-10T08:40:35.120",
"last_editor_user_id": "3871",
"owner_user_id": "16104",
"parent_id": "65931",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
65931
|
65933
|
65933
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65942",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Take for example the following sentence,\n\n> Since I didn't have time, I couldn't go, so I declined the offer.\n\nHere we have two cause–effect statements:\n\n * Since I didn't have time, I couldn't go. (時間がなかったから、行けなかった。)\n * I couldn't go, so I declined the offer. (行けなかったから、申し出を断った。)\n\nWould it be natural to combine the two Japanese sentences and write\n\n> 時間がなかったから、行けなかったから、申し出を断った。\n\nI don't recall ever a sentence with two からs (or のでs) in such close succession\nof each other. If I were to change the first から into し, I would get\n\n> 時間がなかったし、行けなかったから、申し出を断った。\n\nHowever, this seems to imply\n\n * 時間がなかったから、申し出を断った\n * 行けなかったから、申し出を断った\n\nwhich is different from what I want to say. What's the most natural way of\nconnecting two cause–effect statements? In English I think this most often\ntakes the form \"Since ____, ____, so _____.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-10T06:36:54.747",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65935",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-11T00:17:47.110",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "23869",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"conjunctions"
],
"title": "How to link two cause–effect statements in close succession?",
"view_count": 145
}
|
[
{
"body": "> \"(A caused B) and that in turn caused C.\"\n>\n> \"(B happened because of A) and that made C happen as a result.\"\n\nThe easiest and safest way to express these ideas without sounding awkward and\nunnatural would be to _**not use two conjunctions**_ like in your example\nsentences above -- から + から、から + ので、ので + ので, etc.\n\nInstead, one could use only a single conjunction and a 連用形{れんようけい}\n(continuative form) or a te-form.\n\n**連用形 and single conjunction** :\n\n「時間が **なく** 行けなかった **ので** 、お断りした。」\n\n「なく」 is the 連用形 of 「ない」. One of the important roles of 連用形 is to describe a\nreason/cause, remember?\n\n**Te-form + single conjunction** :\n\n「時間が **なくて** 行けなかった **ので** 、お断りした。」\n\nThe te-form can also be used to state a reason/cause.\n\nPlease remember that between the two sentences above, the second one using the\nte-form sounds more casual to the native ear.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-10T15:10:06.480",
"id": "65942",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-11T00:17:47.110",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
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"parent_id": "65935",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
65935
|
65942
|
65942
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65953",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm doing some research as to what continuative forms are, due to naruto's\n[previous answer](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/revisions/65933/1) to a\nearlier question of mine. To make sure I understand correctly; roughly; the\n\"continuative form\" is what results when you have dictionary verbs, attach a\nsuru verb in dictionary form to the end of the dictionary form verb, then\nconjugate the verb stems as you would via te form; WITHOUT ADDING THE TE.\n\nI.E. for Taberu (to eat);\n\n 1. drop the ru (to make the stem form); \n\n 2. add suru to the end of tabe (now tabesuru)\n\n 3. Conjugate the suru to its te form equivalent (i.e. shi, thereby forming tabeshi)\n\nI don't think I was really taught the continuative form as the continuative\nform when we were going over te form in my Japanese class, it was just\nsomething I did and subconsciously understood then picked up without\nrecognizing it for what it was.\n\nIf you want to say how I am wrong or minorly correct but still wrong when my\nidea is applied to non ru verbs, by all means, I appreciate the corrective...\nconstructive criticism; or whatever its called, as its early morning and I\nneed some sleep.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-10T06:51:52.930",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65936",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-11T08:43:15.567",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-10T18:09:19.043",
"last_editor_user_id": "26406",
"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"syntax",
"て-form",
"form"
],
"title": "Do I have a good grasp on the basics of what the continuative form is?",
"view_count": 1524
}
|
[
{
"body": "連用形 (usually translated as \"continuative form\") is one of \"the basic 6\nconjugation forms\" of Japanese verbs/adjectives. For the ichidan verb 食べる, its\n連用形 is **食べ**. For godan verbs, many of them have two different 連用形. For\nexample, 書く has two 連用形, namely **書き** and **書い**.\n\n**How can we make a 連用形?** Simply, remove ます from the masu-form. For godan\nverbs, you can create the other 連用形 by removing て/で from the te-form.\n\n**Why do the two different forms have the same name? Isn't it confusing?**\nBecause they were historically the same. For example, the te-form 書いて was\noriginally 書きて. See [this\nchart](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/17497/5010) for the actual\neuphonic changes. The term 連用形 is indeed somewhat confusing for learners, and\nthat is probably why you did not learn about 連用形 in your Japanese classes. 連用形\nis mainly taught in Japanese classes at Japanese schools.\n\n**What does the kanji 用 mean here?** This 用 stands for 用言, which is a term\nthat basically refers to Japanese \"predicative\" words. You can think of it\nroughly as \"Japanese verbs and adjectives\".\n\n**What are the other names of 連用形?** 連用形 is translated variously as\n\"continuative form\", \"conjunctive form\", or \"combining form\". Specifically,\nthe \"masu-form minus masu\" version of 連用形 has various alternative names,\nincluding \"pre-masu form\", \"masu-stem\", \"stem\" and \"i-form\". As far as I know,\nthere is no specific name for the \"te-form minus te/de\" type of 連用形. See:\n[Does \"te-form\" of a verb always include て/で?\nWhy?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/36310/5010)\n\n**Why do we have to learn 連用形?** Beginners may not need this term because they\ntend to learn 連用形 as part of longer \"forms\". They learn so-called \"te-forms\"\nand \"ta-forms\" even without knowing they include 連用形. But once you start\nlearning Japanese using monolingual dictionaries, understanding the concept of\n連用形 and 助動詞 (auxiliaries) is a must. In addition, many native Japanese\nspeakers post answers here using the term 連用形 because this is how they learned\nJapanese grammar. Lastly, it may help you understand and memorize long rare\n\"forms\".\n\n**How is 連用形 used?**\n\n 1. It connects to some auxiliaries and particles including ます, て/で, たい, に and たり/だり. \n * [Auxiliary verbs in Japanese](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/63351/5010)\n * [Why Japanese verb has so many forms?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/61902/5010)\n 2. Masu-stems can directly connect to another clause/verb, just like te-forms can. For example, 声に **出し** 言う and 声に **出して** 言う mean the same thing (\"say it out loud\"), although the former sounds stiffer. \n * [Why do they use the 連用形 instead of the て form here?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/43620/5010)\n * [Connecting phrases with the stem of masu-form](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/6412/5010)\n * [て versus combining-form for joining clauses](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/23789/5010)\n * [なく vs. なくて and stem form vs. てform as conjunctions](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/2934/5010)\n * [Is the 「て」 missing from 「され」 in this sentence?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/33256/5010)\n 3. Likewise, a masu-stem appears as part of tons of compound verbs. For example **食べ** 切る, **走り** 出す, **受け** 取る.\n 4. You can form honorific verbs from a masu-stem. (お **待ち** になる, etc)\n 5. Interestingly, some masu-stems work as a noun. \n * [Conjunctive form (e.g. 書き) vs Conj + mono (e.g. 書き物)](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/32299/5010)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-11T00:55:50.033",
"id": "65953",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 10
}
] |
65936
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65953
|
65953
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "65940",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Kanji \"stone\" contains (cliff 厂 + mouth 口).. my question is what is the idea\nof mixing mouth with cliff ... the cliff function here is clear because it's\nsome thing related with stone.. but what is the mouth function?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-10T10:35:12.857",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65938",
"last_activity_date": "2020-03-09T00:20:53.937",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-10T13:40:30.163",
"last_editor_user_id": "26510",
"owner_user_id": "32763",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"etymology"
],
"title": "What is the etymology of the kanji 石?",
"view_count": 386
}
|
[
{
"body": "「石」was originally\n\n`[商](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang_dynasty) \n[甲](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_bone_script) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ExxHL.png) \n[乙](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)3212 \n[合集13505](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=13505&jgwfl=)`\n\nwhich is a depiction of _stone chimes_. The original meaning of「石」is _stone,\nrock_.\n\n> There was an ancient musical instrument made out of stone chimes\n> called「磬」.「磬」was originally「声」, which depicts _stone chimes_ 「石」suspended\n> with _threads/string_ (now looking like「士」as the top part of「声」). In the\n> character「声」, the _stone chimes_ component「石」is written as「」.\n>\n> Later, _a hand holding a striking implement_ 「殳」was added onto「声」,\n> forming「殸」, to emphasise that the instrument is meant to be struck. Finally,\n> another semantic「石」( _rock, stone_ ) was added on to「殸」, as a further\n> emphasis that the instrument was made of stone.\n>\n> `商 \n> 甲 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/EGGFC.png) \n>\n> [前](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)7.42.1 \n>\n> [合集8613](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=8613&jgwfl=)``[春秋](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring_and_Autumn_period) \n> 金 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/c6lBo.png) \n> 鎛 \n> `` \n> [篆](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_seal_script) \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/HChcD.png) \n> [石部](https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&file=77391&page=57) \n> [說文解字](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuowen_Jiezi)``今 \n> [楷](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_script) \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/KSBNj.png) \n> \n> `\n>\n> In modern Japanese,「声」is used to represent another word, which was\n> originally written as「聲」( _sound_ , extended to mean _voice_ ).「聲」([Baxter-\n> Sagart\n> OC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstructions_of_Old_Chinese?wprov=srpw1_0#Baxter%E2%80%93Sagart_%282014%29):\n> **/*[l̥]eŋ/** ) is a compound of「殸」( **/*[C.qʰ]ˤeŋ-s/** , _stone chimes\n> being struck_ ) and「耳」( _ear_ ), indicating the meaning _sound_.\n\nA _distinguishing symbol_ 「口」was added to mark the name of an ancient region\ncalled「石」. This distinguishing symbol has been inherited in some variants of\nthe character up until the modern form of「石」.\n\n`商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/jPIRK.png) \n[乙](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)1277 \n[合集376](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=376&jgwfl=)`\n\n> _Distinguishing symbols_ were often added to existing characters to form new\n> characters, and some of these symbols are inherited in the modern form. The\n> symbol「口」or its derivatives「甘・曰」was added to a few older characters to form\n> proper nouns (names of states/regions), such as「商」([ _Shang\n> Dynasty_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang_dynasty)),「周」([ _Zhou\n> Dynasty_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_dynasty)),「曹」([ _State of\n> Cao_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cao_\\(state\\))),「曾」([ _State of\n> Zeng_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sui_\\(state\\))), etc, and their modern\n> forms have permanently inherited this symbol (regardless of whether they're\n> used to represent a proper noun or not).\n\nThe _stone chimes_ component was later simplified into「厂」, then the strokes\nwere further altered slightly into「丆」, resulting in the modern shape.\n\n`[西周](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Zhou) \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/IzJot.png) \n己侯貉子簋 \n[集成3977](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=3977&jgwfl=)``[東漢](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Han_dynasty#Eastern_Han) \n[隸](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clerical_script) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/xN1AF.png) \n景北海碑陰 \n``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/EPJ6m.png) \n \n`\n\n* * *\n\nThere are characters built from variants of「石」which may or may not have the\ndistinguishing symbol「口」. In fact,「石」was subject to several different shape\nchanges across different characters, obscuring their connection to「石」:\n\n * In some characters, a few strokes in the form of horizontal lines (probably _decorative_ with no meaningful function) were added on to「石」, as seen in the second form of「声・殸・磬」.\n\n`[楚](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu_\\(state\\)) \n[簡](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamboo_and_wooden_slips) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/bnAVX.png) \n80 \n荊門包山2``楚 \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/IlYRt.png) \n199 \n荊門包山2`\n\nThese shapes are present (without「口」) in e.g.:\n\n * 「叚」\n\n`西周 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Bfdw4.png) \n盠尊 \n[集成6013](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=6013&jgwfl=)``春秋 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/iQkdC.png) \n曾伯陭壺 \n[集成9712](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=9712&jgwfl=)``[秦](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qin_dynasty) \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/wBHxS.png) \n秦律十八77 \n[睡虎地秦簡](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuihudi_Qin_bamboo_texts)``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/rneYz.png) \n \n`\n\n * 「段」\n\n`西周 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/xKSCf.png) \n段簋 \n[集成4208](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=4208&jgwfl=)`` \n篆 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/BIZt5.png) \n[殳部](https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&file=77389&page=109) \n說文解字``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/gqBo5.png) \n \n`\n\n * In some characters,「石」is written as「⿸广廿」, such as in「度」,「席」, and「庶」.\n\n`商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Y5xLg.png) \n[珠](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)979 \n[合集10399](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=10399&jgwfl=)``西周 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/rOp0x.png) \n伯庶父簋 \n[集成3983](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=3983&jgwfl=)`` \n篆 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/odzXc.png) \n[广部](https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&file=77391&page=54) \n說文解字``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/d2CGu.png) \n \n`",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-10T13:18:18.503",
"id": "65940",
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"score": 13
}
] |
65938
|
65940
|
65940
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I have seen this pattern where を is replaced by の in many sentences that use a\nする verb. I got used to this construction by exposure and it has started to\nlook less clunky and more natural to me, but I would like to know:\n\n1）Is there is an actual difference in meaning, or at least in nuance, between\nboth patterns?\n\n2) Are both options valid in any situation or should I pick only one of them\nin any particular case?\n\nI naturally would go with:\n\n「姉が私たちを世話してくれた。」\n\nas I understand the structure of the sentence as:\n\n（私たち）を （世話する）（to take care of us）\n\nHowever, I see the following pattern quite frequently:\n\n（私たちの世話）を （する）(to do the take caring of us)\n\nNow, don't get me wrong, I would never translate this into “to do the take\ncaring of us” but I would translate it as “to take care of us as” well, but\nhopefully you can see my point this way.\n\nI think that what made it mind blowing for me was that coupling the suru verb\nas a noun to the previous word (the object, in my example 私たち) somehow\n“detaches” the verb from the actual subject (姉), but at the end of the day\nit's just a matter of getting used to it.\n\nFinally, I suspect this is somehow related to the が/の substitution discussed\nhere:\n\n[How does the の work in\n「日本人の知らない日本語」?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/12825/how-does-\nthe-%E3%81%AE-work-\nin-%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E4%BA%BA%E3%81%AE%E7%9F%A5%E3%82%89%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E8%AA%9E)\n\nThank you very much!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-10T16:04:51.843",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65943",
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"owner_user_id": "32952",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-の",
"particle-を"
],
"title": "Is there an actual difference in meaning or nuance between 私達の世話をする and 私達を世話する?",
"view_count": 147
}
|
[] |
65943
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Can someone tell me the meaning of ガンアゲ? It's giving me a hard time\n\nThe sentence is 気分になると一気にガンアゲになっし",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-10T16:16:58.000",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65944",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-03-11T01:40:23.987",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "33241",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"translation",
"slang"
],
"title": "ガンアゲ translation/meaning",
"view_count": 239
}
|
[
{
"body": "ガンアゲ is a no-adjective that roughly means \"(extremely) hyped up\". It is\nconsidered as a ギャル語/JK語 word.\n\nEtymologically, there is a phrase テンションが上がる, which is a little slangy phrase\nmeaning \"to be excited\" or \"to be hyped up\". The antonym is テンションが下がる (\"to be\nturned off\"). Someone started to contract it and say テンアゲ/テンサゲ. Then someone\neven shortened it and coined アゲ/サゲ. ガンアゲ is a stronger version of アゲ. This ガン\nis a slangy intensifier similar to 超. It's also found in [ガン見](http://zokugo-\ndict.com/06ka/ganmi.htm) and\n[ガン無視](https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E3%82%AC%E3%83%B3%E7%84%A1%E8%A6%96).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-11T01:39:28.900",
"id": "65955",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-11T01:48:24.157",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-11T01:48:24.157",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "65944",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
65944
| null |
65955
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65947",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What’s the difference between\n“[用](https://www.tanoshiijapanese.com/dictionary/entry_details.cfm?entry_id=52745&j=%E7%94%A8)”\n(you) and\n“[使って](https://www.tanoshiijapanese.com/dictionary/index.cfm?j=tsukatte&e=&search=Search%20%3E)”\n(tsukatte)? Both mean “to use”, but when would you use one over the other? Are\nthey interchangeable?\n\n_Please explain by making reference to the below examples._\n\n> **reitou-you Binīru fukuro**\n>\n> plastic bag used for freezing\n>\n> **Facebook ya SNS wa tsukatte imasu ka?**\n>\n> Do you use Facebook or social media?\n\nPlease note: I am a beginner, so would appreciate answers that aren't too\ncomplex.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-10T17:01:06.543",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65946",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-10T17:44:13.307",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9537",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "What’s the difference between “用” (you) and “使って” (tsukatte)?",
"view_count": 1016
}
|
[
{
"body": "The 用 in 冷凍 **用** ビニール袋 is a noun suffix which means something like 'used\nfor', 'for the purpose of' etc.\n\n使って in フェイスブックやSNSは **使って** いますか is the te-form of the verb 使う meaning 'to\nuse'.\n\nThese are completely different pieces of grammar and are not at all\ninterchangeable. If you don't know about the te-form then I suggest you go and\nresearch it. It is an absolutely vital and fundamental thing to learn. There\nare loads of resources on the internet that will teach you about this.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-10T17:44:13.307",
"id": "65947",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"score": 5
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] |
65946
|
65947
|
65947
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65952",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm struggling to understand what Amane means when she says そういうこと in 「\n**そういうことよ** 。まったく、メル友の十人や二十人くらい、いるでしょ？」. I'm assuming failing to understand\nthis is what is also causing me confusion in understanding how that follows on\nto the second part of what she says \"まったく、メル友の十人や二十人くらい、いるでしょ？\" in the\nfollowing exchange:\n\nContext: Tomoyuki has been living in Tokyo for a while but he has come back to\ntown, whilst he was in Tokyo he was in regular contact with Amane, however\nMegumi did not know this. Amane, realizing that she has screwed up by\nmentioning this (she knows that Both Tomoyuki and Megumi like each other) she\nquickly tries to remedy the situation before Megumi gets the wrong idea.\n\n> 天音「ええ。智之とメールしてた時の印象と、恵に聞いてた話にズレがあって」\n>\n> 恵「メール？ ねえ、智之くん。天音ちゃんとメールしてたの？」\n>\n> 智之「あれ？ 言ってなかったっけ？」\n>\n> 恵「う、うん……」\n>\n> 智之「天音とは、たまにメールでやり取りしてたんだよ」\n>\n> 恵「え、そうなの？」\n>\n> 天音「あっちゃあ……」\n>\n> 智之「うごっ！？」\n>\n> 天音「友達として、よ。東京のことも気になってたしね」\n>\n> 天音「そうよね、智之」\n>\n> 智之「あ、ああ。俺もこっちのこと知りたかったしな」\n>\n> 恵「そ、そうなんだ……天音ちゃんと……」\n>\n> 智之「仕方ないだろ。おまえ、そういうの苦手なんだし」\n>\n> 恵「うう……それは、そうだけど……」\n>\n> 天音「気になるなら、やりとりしたメール、後で見せてあげるから」\n>\n> 恵「ええっ！？ で、でも……」\n>\n> 天音「 **そういうことよ** 。まったく、メル友の十人や二十人くらい、いるでしょ？」\n>\n> 智之「俺はいない……あがっ！？」\n>\n> 足の甲に鋭い痛みが走る。\n>\n> 天音「気にしないの。それに、恵がしたいなら私が教えてあげるから、毎日でもすればいいでしょ？」\n>\n> 恵「う、うん。そうだね」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-10T19:13:16.783",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65949",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-11T09:08:02.463",
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"owner_user_id": "33162",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What does そういうこと mean in this exchange",
"view_count": 1562
}
|
[
{
"body": "Amane wants to make Megumi understand that her mail exchange with Tomoyuki\nwhile he was in Tokyo was nothing more than friends keeping in touch (she\nwanted to know more about Tokyo, and he wanted to hear updates from -- what I\nassume to be -- his home town).\n\nAmane's 「そういうことよ」 here means \"that's how it is (implied: so you don't need to\nworry)”, where \"that\" is the above-described situation she is trying to convey\nto Megumi.\n\nTo reassure Megumi further, she follows up by prodding Tomoyuki with the\nquestion \"You probably have around 10-20 mail friends, right?\" -- a fairly\nstrong hint that he respond with \"yes\" regardless of how many he actually has,\nin order to demonstrate that Amane being just one of his (supposedly many)\nmail friends isn't that big of a deal.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-10T23:27:32.717",
"id": "65952",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
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] |
65949
|
65952
|
65952
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I'm trying to find a suitable word/phrase in English that will convey the\nimage shown below while also being suitable for a translation of 荒野, as I want\nto properly convey the image of a.... rather vegetative desert?? (works\nperfectly as to conveying the image, but I wonder; _is it a suitable\ntranslation?_ )\n\nSentence I am translating:\n\n> 僕は自分の目に映る、見渡す限りの荒野を見て愕然とした。\n\n[https://jisho.org/search/荒野を見て愕然とした](https://jisho.org/search/%E8%8D%92%E9%87%8E%E3%82%92%E8%A6%8B%E3%81%A6%E6%84%95%E7%84%B6%E3%81%A8%E3%81%97%E3%81%9F)\nhas a okay translation; but none of them seem to fit quite 'right' in terms of\nconveying the image:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/cYCIC.png)\n\nWould combining English translations for 荒野 work as a accurate translation, as\nwhen I bing image searched \"vast deserted plain\", most of the images convey\nthe sense of a desert with vegetation. But seeing as how I am combining\nEnglish definitions for the same word, I now wonder, is that allowed when\ntranslating a single word?\n\nEDIT: Would \"desert wilderness\" work in terms of translation from Japanese to\nEnglish?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-10T19:16:54.407",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65950",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-10T20:21:03.410",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-10T20:21:03.410",
"last_editor_user_id": "26406",
"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"word-choice",
"word-requests"
],
"title": "How to convey the image of the surrounding L.A. desert via translation of 愕然?",
"view_count": 78
}
|
[] |
65950
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65957",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Online dictionaries give 痛い and 辛い the meaning \"painful\" and among others:\n\n> 痛い (itai): sore\n>\n> 辛い (tsurai) bitter, heart-breaking\n\nIn what contexts one of them can be used while the other can't?\n\nIn addition, I've seen 辛い can also be used to mean \"tough\", \"hard\" and\n\"stressful\", while 痛い seems to be used for emotional and physical pain (?)\n\nAny else I have to take note of?\n\nThanks",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-11T01:07:33.720",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65954",
"last_activity_date": "2019-08-12T14:39:58.487",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
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"owner_user_id": "31757",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"nuances"
],
"title": "what's the difference between 痛い and 辛い?",
"view_count": 2501
}
|
[
{
"body": "Before I get too far, you should know that つらい is usually written in kana\nalone, as 辛い can be read as either つらい or からい. Most of the time, it is read as\nからい with the kanji, so it can get confusing to the reader if you aren't\ncareful.\n\n* * *\n\n**Short Answer:**\n\n痛い tends to be more clinical in definition. It is more often associated with\nphysical pain, but is commonly used with emotional/mental pain as well. If it\nis part of your body, you will use 痛い. It will be used to specify the location\nof pain being experienced. As such, use of 痛い is less subjective.\n\nつらい is less tangible, and tends to be an exaggeration. I see it most commonly\nused to describe tasks or jobs that the speaker finds grueling or difficult.\nYou will never see it used to describe pain to a doctor, the main exception\nbeing a psychiatrist. The meaning is more subjective.\n\n* * *\n\n**(Very) Long Answer:**\n\nWith issues of this nature, I find it best to look at the Japanese definition,\nas it is a better look at how they use the word than the J/E dictionary.\nSometimes meaning is lost in translation.\n\n[つらい](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/148479/meaning/m0u/)：\n\n> １ **他人に対して冷酷である。非情である。むごい。** 「―・いしうち」「―・く当たる」 \n> ２ **精神的にも肉体的にも、がまんできないくらい苦しい。苦しさで耐えがたい。** 「―・い別れ」「いじめられて―・い目にあう」「練習が―・い」 \n> ３ **対処が難しい。困難である。** 「―・い立場にいる」「その話をされると―・い」 \n> ４ 人の気持ちを考えない。つれない。 \n> 「からころも君が心の―・ければ袂はかくぞそぼちつつのみ」〈源・末摘花〉 \n> ５ 冷たい態度が恨めしい。しゃくにさわる。 \n> 「―・しともまた恋しとも様々に思ふ事こそひまなかりけれ」〈和泉式部日記〉\n\nTranslation (bold parts only):\n\n> 1. In regard to a person, ruthless. Cold hearted. Brutal (or cruel). \n>\n> 2. Physically or Emotionally painful to the point that it cannot be born.\n> Unbearable suffering. \n>\n> 3. Difficult to cope with. Hardship. \n>\n>\n\n(I skipped the definitions that aren't super related to the question.)\n\nI usually heard it in context of #2, where they would say things like,\n`仕事はつらい。` or with respect to some sort of activity that required a lot of\neffort. Typically, it was used as a slight over exaggeration. It reflects the\nfeelings of the speaker that what they were doing was physically or\nemotionally difficult.\n\n[痛い](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/11977/meaning/m0u/)：\n\n> １ **肉体に痛みや苦しみを感じるさま。** 「歯が―・い」「つねられて―・い」 \n> ２ **心に苦痛を感じるさま。精神的につらい。** 「欠損続きで頭が―・い」 \n> ３ 弱点を攻撃されたり打撃や損害をこうむったりして、閉口するさま。「―・いところに触れられる」「―・い目にあう」「この時期に出費は―・い」 \n> ４ 俗に、さも得意そうな言動がひどく場違いで、見るに堪えないさま。また、状況や立場・年齢にふさわしくない言動が周囲をあきれさせるさま。 \n> ５ （甚い）程度のはなはだしいさま。多く、連用形を用いる。→甚 (いた) く \n> ６ （甚い）はなはだしくりっぱなさま。すばらしい。 \n> 「新発意 (しぼち) の娘かしづきたる家いと―・しかし」〈源・若紫〉 \n> ７ 動詞の連用形に付いて、その動詞の表す状態がはなはだしい意味を示す形容詞をつくる。「あまえいたし」「うもれいたし」など。\n\nTranslation (bold parts only):\n\n> 1. Appearing to experience physical pain or suffering. \n>\n> 2. Appearing to experience pain/agony in the heart (i.e. your emotional\n> core). Suffering mentally.\n>\n\nIronically, they use つらい in the second definition. I likewise skipped\ndefinitions I didn't feel directly apply to the question.\n\n痛い has more of a clinical feel to it. As such, it is less subjective. This is\nbecause the kanji radical for 痛い (疒) is [associated with\nsickness](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%96%92). There tends to be less\nexaggeration than you see with つらい, but you cannot rule out exaggeration\ncompletely. I most often heard it used as `(body part)が痛い.` People also use 痛い\nthe same way English users say `ouch!` Also, when referring to\nemotional/mental pain, the use is also more clinical.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-11T14:46:45.883",
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},
{
"body": "TL;DR: つらい (as ajsmart's answer indicates, it's very confusing if you use the\nKanji for this word; in fact I had a double-take when I read the question\nbecause I thought \"spicy and pain are completely different, what?!\") is\nusually more describing emotional pain, while 痛い is more about describing\nphysical pain. For example, you could say:\n\n> 今日、上司に怒られて、怒鳴られた。つらかったよ～！ \n> Today, my boss was really mad at me, and he yelled at me. I was really\n> hurt!\n\nor you can say:\n\n> 今日起きたら、腕が痛くて動けなかった \n> Today, when I woke up, my arm hurt and I couldn't move it.\n\nYou could not swap 痛い and つらい in those 2 sentences, it would be super weird.\n\nEdit: Actually you could use つらい in the second sentence, like:\n\n> 今日起きたら、腕が動けなくてつらかった！\n\nThis would be something similar to \"Today when I woke up, I couldn't move my\narm, and it really sucked\". In this context, つらい translates roughly as the\nEnglish slang phrase \"it sucks\".",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-11T15:03:21.337",
"id": "65959",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-11T16:11:26.697",
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"last_editor_user_id": "11449",
"owner_user_id": "11449",
"parent_id": "65954",
"post_type": "answer",
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}
] |
65954
|
65957
|
65957
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "66219",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "After reading [this\nquestion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/65884/what-kind-of-\ninflection-is-occuring-in-passive-vb-%E3%81%8B%E3%81%8B%E3%81%A3%E3%81%9F) on\nthis site, I learned that ～かかる following a verb-stem can be translated as\n\"about to ~\"; the example in the original question being 殺されかかった, or \"about to\nbe killed\" (as per the accepted answer).\n\nMy question is, I have also learned that PT-Vb + ところだ also means \"about to\",\ne.g. 行くところだ = \"about to go\", するところだ = \"about to do\", etc. What is the\ndifference between these 2 verb forms?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-11T14:58:02.207",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65958",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-25T03:22:35.550",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11449",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"conjugations",
"synonyms",
"compound-verbs"
],
"title": "What's the difference between ～かかる and ～ところだ",
"view_count": 272
}
|
[
{
"body": "I'll take a stab at this.\n\nIn the past tense, with 殺されるところだった vs 殺されかかった, I think they are mostly the\nsame. One expect that those things didn't actually happen.\n\nFor the present tense, I'll quote from\n[大辞林](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%8E%9B%E3%81%8B%E3%82%8B%E3%83%BB%E6%87%B8%E3%81%8B%E3%82%8B%E3%83%BB%E6%8E%9B%E3%82%8B%E3%83%BB%E6%87%B8%E3%82%8B-226853)\n\n> ⓱（動詞の連用形に付く）もう少しでそうするところである。…しそうになる`\n\n~かかる means that they are slightly before the level of ~ところだ. So they are very\nsimilar, but I think in general with ~ところだ there is a stronger nuance that one\nexpects the verb to happen (assuming no any interventions).\n\nFor the case of 殺される, I think in the dictionary form of the verb, both can be\nused in the sense of being very close to dying/heavily injured. I'm not sure\nabout the exact context of the following image, but one could easily imagine\nGoku being on the verge of death after being punched and injured.\n\n> 〇悟空は敵に殴られて大怪我を負って、殺されるところだ。\n>\n> 〇悟空は敵に殴られて大怪我を負って、殺されかかる。\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/BUoXT.gif)\n\nHowever, 殺されかかる can be used to describe another type of situation:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/6NIJZ.gif)\n\n> 〇悟空は敵に殴られて殺されかかるけど、彼は玄人なので余裕だ。\n>\n> ✖悟空は敵に殴られて殺されるところだけど、彼は玄人なので余裕だ。\n\nObviously if Goku were to get by one of those punches, he might end up in a\nsituation similar to the first image, but Goku is a professional and has it\ncompletely under control. One doesn't necessarily expect any of those punches\nto land on Goku.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-25T03:22:35.550",
"id": "66219",
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}
] |
65958
|
66219
|
66219
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "65967",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Bashō: ふつかよい ものかわはなの あるあいだ.\n\nI’m completely lost by ものかわ. Any idea?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-11T15:11:41.523",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "65960",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-12T01:17:14.387",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9357",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"classical-japanese"
],
"title": "Meaning of ものかわ in a Haiku",
"view_count": 158
}
|
[
{
"body": "The original should be:\n\n> 二日酔{ふつかよ} **ひ** ものか **は** 花{はな}の あるあ **ひ** だ\n\nThe expression in question is 「ものか **は** 」 and not 「ものか **わ** 」, which would\nprobably be why you could not look it up.\n\nAs @Chocolate stated above, 「ものかは」 means **\"trivial\",\"trifling\",\"of no\nsignificance\"** , etc. in Classical Japanese. It has a nuance similar to that\nof \" **to hell with** \" without the vulgarity.\n\nThus, the haiku means:\n\n**_\"I won't be bothered with hangovers whilst the flowers are in bloom.\"_**\n\nOne final note:\n\nWhen Japanese people say \"while the flowers are in bloom\", they are almost\nalways referring to a very short period of time. That is why we might want to\nget drunk and not care about it if it were only for a few days.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-12T01:08:03.347",
"id": "65967",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-12T01:17:14.387",
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"last_editor_user_id": null,
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"parent_id": "65960",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
65960
|
65967
|
65967
|
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