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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "Are 暮らし and 生活 interchangeable? For example:\n\n> 日本での暮らし （is 日本での _生活_ OK?）\n>\n> 日本の生活に慣れた。（is 日本の _暮らし_ に慣れた OK?)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-25T09:31:01.563",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68473",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-25T09:31:01.563",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31549",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"usage",
"word-usage",
"synonyms"
],
"title": "暮らし and 生活: meaning and usage",
"view_count": 111
}
|
[] |
68473
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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"body": "I'm trying to understand a specific uses of で + は particle, and I would like a\nmore detailed explanation of how it's used.\n\nI referred to these 3 resources:\n[デジタル大辞泉](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E3%81%A7%E3%81%AF/#je-51731)\n[Weblio](https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%A7%E3%81%AF)\n[コトバンク](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%81%A7%E3%81%AF-576596)\n\nNamely, there are 2 uses that I can't understand completely.\n\n* * *\n\nThe first use:\n\nFrom\n[デジタル大辞泉](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E3%81%A7%E3%81%AF/#je-51731)\n\n> 4 〔…だったら〕\n>\n> 今から **では** 遅過ぎる It's too late now.\n\nFrom [Weblio](https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%A7%E3%81%AF)\n\n> 4 〈…であっては, …であったら〉\n>\n> これ **では** 困ります. This won't do.\n\nI assume these two sites refer to the same usage.\n\nI'm not confident if this では can be a complete replacement for だったら,\n\nIn this case doesn't だったら mean \"if\" or \"when\"?\n\n> 暇 **だったら** 、遊びに行くよ。If you're free let's go play.\n>\n> 暇 **では** 、遊びに行くよ。If you're free let's go play. (I'm not sure if this is\n> grammatical)\n\nI'd like more clarification on how to use では in this context.\n\n* * *\n\nThe second use:\n\nFrom\n[デジタル大辞泉](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E3%81%A7%E3%81%AF/#je-51731)\n\n> 〔…から判断すると〕\n>\n> あの顔付き **では** 失敗したらしいね Judging from the look on his face, I'm afraid he has\n> failed.\n\nFrom [Weblio](https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%A7%E3%81%AF)\n\n> 〈…から判断すると〉\n>\n> 彼の態度 **では** , きっと仕事を辞めると思います. Judging from his behavior, I am quite sure\n> that he will quit his job.\n\nFrom [コトバンク](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%81%A7%E3%81%AF-576596)\n\n> 《断定の助動詞「だ」の連用形＋係助詞「は」》判断の前提を表す。…であるとすれば。…だと。「雨 **では** 中止になる」「彼 **では**\n> だれも承知しないだろう」\n\nReading the definitions, it seems that から判断すると can replace では in this context.\n\nBut according to Japanese people I asked, it sounds unnatural in some\nsentences:\n\nI am confused by this discrepancy when applying the rules, why is it natural\nin some sentences and unnatural in others, when the definition says it's the\nsame as から判断すると?\n\n> 1. 彼の態度 **では** 、きっと仕事を辞めると思います。Unnatural\n> 2. 彼の態度 **から判断すると** 、きっと仕事を辞めると思います。Natural\n>\n\n```\n\n Judging from his behavior, I am quite sure that he will quit his job.\n \n```\n\n> 1. 雨 **では** 中止になる Natural\n> 2. 雨 **から判断すると** 中止になる Unnatural\n>\n\n```\n\n Judging from the rain it (some activity) will be called off. (from the コトバンク example)\n \n```\n\n> 1. 彼の、今のコンディション **では** 、優勝はできないかも知れないな。 Natural\n> 2. 彼の、今のコンディション **から判断すると** 、優勝はできないかも知れないな。 Natural\n>\n\n```\n\n Judging from his current condition, he will not win.\n \n```\n\n* * *\n\nI can't seem to find much explanation for these uses online, if there are\nbetter resources that provide a more detailed explanation, please let me know.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-25T10:25:33.287",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68474",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-25T10:33:11.767",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-25T10:33:11.767",
"last_editor_user_id": "27851",
"owner_user_id": "27851",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles",
"particle-は",
"particle-で"
],
"title": "How is では used under these contexts?",
"view_count": 163
}
|
[] |
68474
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68478",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Good evening,\n\nI've been studying Japanese here in Tokyo for about a month now in a Nihongo\nGakuin. One of the lessons that we encountered was adding adjectives +\n`narimasu` like for example:\n\n```\n\n osoi = osoku narimasu\n ookii = ookiku narimasu\n hayai = hayaku narimasu\n \n```\n\nFrom what I understood it's changing the last `i = ku` in `i-adjectives` so it\nbecomes a noun, or simply adding `~ ni` to `na-adjectives`. Although, I was\nwondering how that would apply to colors. For example, `akai`. Does it become\n`akaku narimasu` or `aka ni narimasu`?\n\n```\n\n しんごうはあかくなりました？ \n しんごうはあかになりました？\n \n```\n\nThe traffic light became red. Any help is greatly appreciated. Thank you very\nmuch!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-25T11:06:35.700",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68475",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-05-25T11:14:01.020",
"last_editor_user_id": "33355",
"owner_user_id": "33355",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "adjectives + narimasu",
"view_count": 4514
}
|
[
{
"body": "In most contexts, the most natural way to say something “turns red” or\n“becomes red” is by using あかくなります. For example, わたしのかおがあかくなりました would be one\nway to say “my face turned red,” and you can also say そらがあかくなりました (“the sky\nturned red”). The same pattern holds for other color adjectives that end in い\n(e.g., そらがあおくなりました - \"the sky turned blue\").\n\nHowever, for the particular example you’ve asked about – a traffic light – it\nwould be much more natural to use the noun form + に. I suspect that this is\nbecause traffic lights don’t actually “turn red” at all, at least in the sense\nthat a face or a sky can turn red – what really happens is that an amber light\ngoes off, and a red light goes on. (Maybe they are really plain lightbulbs,\none behind an amber lens and one behind a red lens, but you get the idea.) It\nmay also be relevant that the Japanese term doesn't conflate the entire\napparatus with the individual light(s) that are part of it, as the English\nterm \"traffic light\" does. (しんごう is really closer to \"traffic signal.\") In any\ncase, it is far more usual to say しんごうがあかになりました.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-25T17:11:21.727",
"id": "68478",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-25T17:17:39.330",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-25T17:17:39.330",
"last_editor_user_id": "33934",
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"parent_id": "68475",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
68475
|
68478
|
68478
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "恐怖せず\n\nI think it means “fearless”, but I don’t know the particle _sezu_. Is this\nold-fashioned?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-25T12:56:54.007",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68476",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-05-26T13:04:59.620",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "34142",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"nuances",
"verbs",
"negation"
],
"title": "Negative adjective 恐怖せず",
"view_count": 126
}
|
[
{
"body": "To my native ears it sounds a bit poetic. Not verbal.\n\nNot necessarily old-fashioned.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-26T14:44:23.937",
"id": "68499",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-26T14:44:23.937",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "34119",
"parent_id": "68476",
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"score": 1
}
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68476
| null |
68499
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm currently trying to figure out on how to do karaoke for some songs and I\ngot a bit confused about the following. So let's say you have the words like\n\n> ずっと [zutto]\n>\n> のって [notte]\n\nHow would you write these words if you would pronounce them? Is it like **zut-\nto** or **zu-tto** or maybe **zu-t-to**?",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-25T14:57:09.890",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68477",
"last_activity_date": "2023-05-19T05:01:45.210",
"last_edit_date": "2021-09-04T04:15:37.537",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "33114",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"pronunciation",
"rōmaji",
"gemination",
"music"
],
"title": "Writing conventions / pronunciations for words with っ",
"view_count": 285
}
|
[
{
"body": "Well, if you really need... **zu-tto**. Because in this word **zu** is one\nsyllable (and you can often hear loooong **u** for big emphasize e.g. in\nanime, so this split looks more natural) and **tto** another, 'cause little っ\nduplicates the sound t in **to** syllable, but has no pronunciation itself.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-10T01:39:40.350",
"id": "80051",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-10T01:39:40.350",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
68477
| null |
80051
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68482",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Everyone has agreed upon that Japanese has three sets of characters -\nhiragana, katakana, and kanji.\n\nYet the Latin alphabet is considered to be one character set, even though the\ncapitals and lowercase letters differ just as much as the two kana.\n\nWhy is this the case?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-25T17:47:34.483",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68479",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-26T08:30:12.083",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30303",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"katakana",
"hiragana",
"kana",
"written-language"
],
"title": "Why is katakana considered its own character set while the Latin capital letters aren't?",
"view_count": 595
}
|
[
{
"body": "**(1)** First of all, Japanese uses **5** separate scripts, not 3. They are:\n\n> * Hiragana\n> * Katakana\n> * Kanji\n> * Romaji\n> * Arabic Numerals\n>\n\nAll of these scripts are used frequently in Japanese, so it is not correct to\nsay it only uses 3 scripts.\n\n**(2)** Secondly, you ask why romaji are not considered to be two separate\nscripts since they have upper case and lower case. You imply that\nhiragana/katakana are analogous to upper case/lower case, but this is also\nincorrect. The upper case and lower case variants of alphabet letters are\nknown as allographs [(see here for more\ndetails)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allography). This means that they are\nsimply variants of the same letter. In contrast, although hiragana and\nkatakana may represent the same phonemic sounds, they have distinctly\ndifferent characteristics. For example, Hiragana are used to represent verbal\ninflections whereas Katakana do not. Katakana are used to represent loan words\nin Japanese, whereas Hiragana are not. In short, there are many important\nlinguistic differences between the two scripts and since they have these\ndifferent functions, they are not considered to be just variants of the same\nsymbols (as is the case with upper case/lower case).",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-25T20:31:07.723",
"id": "68482",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-25T20:31:07.723",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "25875",
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},
{
"body": "The question would be difficult to reach an answer because there is no other\nsimilar case, to my knowledge, commonly using two distinct set of letters that\nhave equivalent phonetic values outside those bicameral writing systems and\nJapanese. In both cases, relationship between sets are conventionally and\ndiscretely defined, not such that a general ground has been established.\n\nIn defense of this traditional idea about hiragana and katakana, I can at\nleast say that they are different in graphical origin. Though they both derive\nfrom kanji, [hiragana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana) is made from\nwhole-character cursive forms, while\n[katakana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana) taken from partial forms of\nkanji. All other systems where multiple styles might be mixed, including Latin\nalphabet, [Georgian alphabet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgian_scripts)\nand [Chinese\ncharacters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_characters#History), are\nhistorically unilinear i.e. one style developed into another and so on. In\nthis sense, [German before\nWWII](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiqua%E2%80%93Fraktur_dispute) might be\nqualified to be a mixed digraphia in a certain degree, but they share the same\ngraphical origin. A more accurate analogy to hiragana and katakana is letters\nin [Coptic alphabet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coptic_alphabet), which are\nfrom Greek and Demotic, two separate descents of Hieroglyph, except that they\nmerged both sets into one rather than keeping two tracks.\n\nNote that although hiragana and katakana have been standardized to be almost\nparallel in the 19th century like the way they are now, their difference was\nhistorically much more substantial. The set of currently called hiragana was\nfar bigger than katakana due to homophonous variants\n([変体仮名](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%89%E4%BD%93%E4%BB%AE%E5%90%8D));\nthey had different collection of orthographic ligatures\n([合略仮名](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%88%E7%95%A5%E4%BB%AE%E5%90%8D))\nbecause of graphical difference; they were used in distinct social settings\nand not usually mixed together.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-26T08:24:31.650",
"id": "68492",
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}
] |
68479
|
68482
|
68482
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "<https://i.stack.imgur.com/44LMP.jpg>\n\nThere is debate about whether おなじ気 is referring to the amount of Ki or the\ngeneral feeling of Ki. I looked up the Japanese text and wondered if the lack\nof a の character might shed any light.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-25T20:35:27.800",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68483",
"last_activity_date": "2022-01-25T13:05:15.433",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31845",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"manga"
],
"title": "Is there a difference between 同じ気, 同じの気, and 気の同じ?",
"view_count": 133
}
|
[
{
"body": "同じの気 wouldn't be grammatical. 同じ fixes alone to a noun. And maybe you could\nsay something like なにかする気の(が) 同じ人 but this sounds really unnecessary.\n\nJudging from just that panel my interpretation is Gohan is sensing the feel of\nGoku's Ki. Especially if Goku isn't present in that scene.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-26T22:35:07.730",
"id": "68505",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-26T22:35:07.730",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "22363",
"parent_id": "68483",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
68483
| null |
68505
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68509",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Is there a word for \"[photobomb](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photobombing)\"\nin Japanese?\n\nIn English, to photobomb someone is to spoil a photograph (of a person or\nthing) by unexpectedly appearing in the camera's field of view as the picture\nis taken, typically as a prank or practical joke.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-25T23:34:38.517",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68484",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-27T04:21:43.647",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9851",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"translation",
"words",
"expressions",
"colloquial-language"
],
"title": "How to say \"photobomb\" in Japanese",
"view_count": 464
}
|
[
{
"body": "I couldn't find a word on the web that is exactly similar to \"photobomb\". The\nclosest thing I turned up is 写{うつ}り込{こ}み. As in,\n知{し}らない人{ひと}が私{わたし}の写真{しゃしん}に写{うつ}り込{こ}んだ (A stranger photobombed my picture).",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-25T23:34:38.517",
"id": "68485",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-26T03:30:53.083",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-26T03:30:53.083",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9851",
"parent_id": "68484",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "映り込み is one option, but if you want a more catchy and specific word, there is\na word 見切れ【みきれ】, which is a noun form of the verb\n[見切れる](https://jisho.org/word/%E8%A6%8B%E5%88%87%E3%82%8C%E3%82%8B).\n\n> ### [見切れ](https://dic.nicovideo.jp/a/%E8%A6%8B%E5%88%87%E3%82%8C)\n>\n> 見切れ、見切れるとは、メインの被写体以外のもの（特に見えていてはいけないもの）が画像、映像、視界などに入ることである。舞台や映像業界の用語。\n\nFor example, [Origami\nCyclone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Tiger_%26_Bunny_characters#Heroes)\nis an anime character who is a serious \"photobomber\", and he is known as 見切れ職人\n(\"Artisan of 見切れ\") in the Japanese version.\n\nSee [this\narticle](https://www.sanspo.com/geino/news/20190201/geo19020123370033-n1.html)\nfor another example.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-27T03:47:56.400",
"id": "68509",
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
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"score": 4
}
] |
68484
|
68509
|
68509
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "68490",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I've heard that the non-past negative form ends in nai. However, other forms\nwill aswell have na alone (na katta). Is there some meaning behind this い or\nis that how the form is?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-26T01:22:55.267",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68486",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-26T08:36:01.863",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34145",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"conjugations",
"negation"
],
"title": "What's the い in ない?",
"view_count": 176
}
|
[
{
"body": "That's how the form is. い-Adjectives in Japanese are a bit like verbs - they\nhave many (but not all) of the same inflections that verbs do, and often those\ninflections mean the い gets replaced with something else. This is just like\nthe final -う or -る of verbs getting replaced when they get inflected.\n\nHere are some examples with 食{た}べ (eat) and 美味{おい}しい (tasty):\n\n * simple past: 食べた, 美味しかった\n * conditional (tara) form: 食べたら, 美味しかったら\n * \"hypothetical\" (ba) form: 食べれば, 美味しければ\n * te-form: 食べて, 美味しくて (note: 美味しくて does not mean \"be delicious!\")\n * negative: 食べない, 美味しくない\n\nAnd relevant to your example:\n\n * past negative: 食べなかった, 美味しくなかった\n\nSo ～なかった is just the past version of ～ない.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-26T02:42:30.170",
"id": "68488",
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"post_type": "answer",
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},
{
"body": "In Standard Japanese, the negative particle (auxiliary) has been totally\nconflated with the adjective ない \"not exist\" in form. And in older language,\nthe form corresponds to ない was なき (naki), so it was sharing the last _-k_ with\nother forms. It seems somewhat irregular only after the _k_ -sound dropped\nbefore _i_. Some dialects drop _k_ before other vowels, which makes\nconjugation more complex (See\n[1](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/24217/7810),\n[2](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/42890/7810)). It is not uncommon that\nvelar consonants disappear in the middle of word.\n\n> English _sail_ < Old English _segel, segl_ (cf. German _Segel_ ) \n> English _royal_ < French _royal_ < Latin _regalis_\n\nBy the way, the perfect (past) form なかった (nakatta) is originally a contraction\nof なく (naku) + あった (atta \"was\").",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-26T05:58:33.787",
"id": "68490",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-05-26T08:36:01.863",
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"score": 5
}
] |
68486
|
68490
|
68490
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68489",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "For instance, if I want to say:\n\n> _I want to see traditional and modern culture_\n\nI would try to use:\n\n> 近代的{きんだいてき}で伝統的{でんとうてき}な文化{ぶんか}を見たい。\n\nBut does this imply the culture I want to see is simultaneously modern and\ntraditional? Or could it mean I want to see both modern and traditional\nvariations of culture as intended?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-26T02:25:48.463",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68487",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-05-26T03:44:26.373",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "30392",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"adjectives"
],
"title": "Does linking adjectives allow you to talk about multiple variations of something?",
"view_count": 199
}
|
[
{
"body": "近代的で伝統的な文化を見たい sounds to me like you want to see culture which is\nsimultaneously modern and traditional. To say you want to see both modern\nculture and traditional culture, I would say:\n\n> 近代的な文化と伝統的な文化が見たい。 \n> 近代的な文化や伝統的な文化が見たい。 \n> 近代的な文化も伝統的な文化も見たい。 \n> or maybe... 近代的な文化も見たいし、伝統的な文化も見たい。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-26T03:45:47.260",
"id": "68489",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
}
] |
68487
|
68489
|
68489
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68500",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "I've been seeing this structure a lot lately, and I feel like it takes on\ndifferent meanings depending on how it's used.\n\nBasically I understand it as:\n\n```\n\n Quotative と + いう(to say, define etc.) + ように (like)\n \n AというようにB = \"to do B like to say A\" \"to do B as if to say A\"\n \n```\n\nAlso, apparently it's synonymous with と言わんばかりに\n\nNot sure if I understand this correctly though.\n\nHere are some sentences:\n\n> 1. 分かった **というように** うなずき始める。 To start nodding as if to say he understood.\n>\n\nThis sentence seems to fit in with my understanding above.\n\n> 2. 夏には冷たい飲み物、冬には温かい飲み物 **というように**\n> 、気温の変化に合わせて、飲み物を冷たくしたり、温かくしたりして出してくれる。（自動販売機）It serves drinks suited to the\n> change in temperature by making it warm and cold, as if to say cold drinks\n> in the summer, warm drinks in the winter (doesn't sound natural)\n>\n\nI can't seem to fit the translation with above, this というように appears to take on\ndifferent meaning\n\n> From one of the answers to a question on\n> [hinative](https://hinative.com/ja/questions/12278013)\n>\n> 3. 「ソニーのような会社」の「ような」は、 ソニーと同じようにテレビを作っている会社、ソニーと同じように有名な会社、 **というように**\n> 、(漠然とした)同じという意味。\n>\n\n>\n> The \"ような\" in \"ソニーのような会社\" means a company that makes televisions like Sony, a\n> company famous like Sony, as if to say, same as (vague).\n\nThis というように seems disconnected, and I'm not sure how it works.\n\nCan someone explain how というように is used in each of these sentences and how it\nworks grammatically?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-26T11:54:09.957",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68493",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-26T23:31:17.757",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-26T18:39:26.430",
"last_editor_user_id": "33934",
"owner_user_id": "27851",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"nuances",
"particles"
],
"title": "What does というように mean?",
"view_count": 3301
}
|
[
{
"body": "Xというように would literally mean \"in a way which says X\". From which we can\nextrapolate:\n\n分かったというように = in a way which says he understood = as if to say that he\nunderstood.\n\n冬には温かい飲み物というように = in a way which says that it's warm drinks in winter = in a\nway which dictates it will be warm drinks in winter = in such a way that it\nwill be warm drinks in winter.\n\netc.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-26T14:01:13.097",
"id": "68495",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-26T14:01:13.097",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "7944",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "The「というように」in the second and third examples is hard to translate, but you\ncould kind of imagine it as if it gave quotation marks to the previous\nstatement, like「『夏には冷たい飲み物、冬には温かい飲み物』というように…」. In this sense, the literal\nmeaning would still be akin to \"As if to say, 'cold drinks in the summer, warm\ndrinks in the winter', (...)\". Still, it doesn't turn it into an actual quote;\nthe「というように」simply denotes that what precedes it is an example that supports\nthe following statement.\n\n\"And so on\" as it is used in English is relatively similar (although I would\nhesitate to refer to it as an \"exact equivalent\"). As such, you could\ninterpret the whole sentence in the second example to mean something to the\neffect of \"It cools or warms the drinks before serving them in a way that\nmatches changes in the outside temperature: hot drinks in the winter, cold\ndrinks in the summer, and so on.\"\n\nIn the third example, its function is again to point out that whatever was\nsaid previously was an example and whatever follows is the main statement that\nthese examples were given for. You could think of the whole sentence like \"The\nような in「ソニーのような会社」means 'similar to' in a vague sense; it could mean 'A company\nthat manufactures TVs, like Sony', 'a famous company like Sony', and so on.\"\n\nIn other cases it can also denote that what precedes it is a set of examples\n(or sometimes a single example) for a statement that was made right before\nthese examples were given. In this case it would be used\nlike「気温の変化に合わせて、飲み物を冷たくしたり、温かくしたりして出してくれる。夏には冷たい飲み物、冬には温かい飲み物、というようにね。」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-26T16:01:39.297",
"id": "68500",
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"last_editor_user_id": "34007",
"owner_user_id": "34007",
"parent_id": "68493",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "Maybe you could interpret it as \"the same as saying, as in\". と言う say, ように\nsame. ソニーのようなのような means \"same\" as in/the same as saying \"a company famous like\nSony.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-26T23:31:17.757",
"id": "68506",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-26T23:31:17.757",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22363",
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"score": 0
}
] |
68493
|
68500
|
68500
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68503",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I understand what 判断する means e.g.\n\n彼は人を見た目で判断しない - He does not judge people by appearances.\n\nHowever, I'm failing to understand what is being meant by 自分で判断しないかもしれません in\nthe last part of this exchange.\n\n自分で判断しない from my understanding means something like \"to not decide by\noneself\". However I think I am missing something to help me understand what\nshe is trying to say.\n\nA little bit of extra context:\n\n * 神奈様 is actually a God who wants to live as a human (and currently is) for reasons currently unknown to the reader.\n * Person 1 is the new 巫女 at the 神社 who realises that is it 'empty'\n * Person 2, not much is known about them.\n\n> Person 2「神奈様は人として生きたがっています」\n>\n> Person 1 「それは私も伺いました」\n>\n> Person 2「それっていけないことなんですか？」\n>\n> Person 1 「そう願うことは悪いことではないでしょう。ですが、そこには神奈さんが神であるという厳然たる事実が立ち塞がります」\n>\n> Person 2「『生まれ』からは逃れられないということですか」\n>\n> Person 1 「あなたは、神奈さんに逃げてほしいと思いますか？」\n>\n> Person 2「っ……それは……」\n>\n> Person 1 「本当に考えなければならないことというのは、時に心を苛みます」\n>\n> Person 1 「ですから、味方が必要なのです。でも、耳に心地よいことばかり言う者が味方とは限りません」\n>\n> Person 1「対決しなければならない敵は自分――自らをそこに追いこむことはなかなか難しいことです」\n>\n> Person 2 「あなたはいやがられても、神奈様のためになることをするというのですか？」\n>\n> Person 1 「必要とあらば。でも、それに **意義があるかどうかは自分で判断しないかもしれません** 」\n>\n> Person 2「…………よく、わかりません。言ってることが難しいです……」",
"comment_count": 9,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-26T12:58:31.340",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68494",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-26T22:54:23.707",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-26T17:20:20.177",
"last_editor_user_id": "34149",
"owner_user_id": "34149",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of 意義があるかどうかは自分で判断しないかもしれません",
"view_count": 136
}
|
[
{
"body": "While I somewhat sympathize with Person 2 here (the line _is_ pretty cryptic),\nlanguage-wise, what Person 1 is saying is relatively straightforward. Taken at\nface value, what she says is that she might not make an attempt to determine\nwhether her course of action has meaning or not, i.e. something along the\nlines of “However, I might not (try to) determine/judge/decide whether there\nis meaning to that or not”.\n\nSince she explicitly says「自分で」, it may be that she relies on something else\n(the traditional teachings of her religion, the opinion of her peers, the\nvoice of a higher entity etc) to guide her, and she might not make any\nattempts to question this source of guidance of her own volition. The source\nof guidance could also simply be a deep-rooted cognitive habit (a 'personality\ntrait'), i.e. this course of action might be her default choice for no\nidentifiable reason, and she might never have thought to doubt its validity.\nAnother possibility is that she actually lacks the ability to make such\ndecisions for some as-of-yet unknown reason.\n\nHere,「かもしれない」is used in its usual sense (\"maybe\", \"perhaps\", \"I guess\", \"it is\npossible that\"...), i.e. it introduces an element of uncertainty. This could\nliterally mean that she isn't sure of whether her statement is true or not, or\nshe might be using it out of reluctance to accept her own statement, or she\nmight be using it to deliberately confuse Person 2 / to keep them in the dark,\netc.\n\nEither way, this is about as much as you can infer at this point.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-26T19:22:40.170",
"id": "68503",
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}
] |
68494
|
68503
|
68503
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68498",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "I was downloading an update for a phone game I set in Japanese and on the\nscreen it said 「ダウンロード中」and I don’t understand the use of 中. Middle? In the\nmiddle of downloading?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-26T14:01:53.843",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68496",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-27T15:29:36.380",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "33900",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 19,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"kanji",
"word-usage"
],
"title": "What is the 中 in ダウンロード中？",
"view_count": 5390
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think you answered your own question. 中{ちゅう} is a suffix that means \"in the\nmiddle of\". e.g.\n\n> 道路は工事中だ \n> The road is in the middle of construction.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-26T14:20:24.800",
"id": "68497",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-26T14:20:24.800",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 12
},
{
"body": "Yes, you are correct that 中 (ちゅう) in this case means \"in the middle of ～ \".\nFor your sentence, the simple translation \"downloading\" is probably the most\nnatural.\n\nIt is fairly common to combine a noun with the suffix 中(ちゅう) to express the\nidea of the `\"currently in the process of (NOUN)\"`. A few examples of `NOUN +\n中`:\n\n> 保留{ほりゅう} deferment, holding: 保留中{ほりゅうちゅう} on hold ('in the middle of\n> holding').\n>\n> 貸{か}し出{だ}し lending, loaning: 貸{か}し出{だ}し中{ちゅう} on loan ('in the middle of\n> loaning).\n>\n> 稼働{かどう} operation (of a machine): 稼働中{かどうちゅう} in operation ('in the middle\n> of operation').\n\nYou might be wondering \"Why not just use the `VERB ～ている` form instead?\". For\nexample, using ダウンロードしている. But to use an active form like that you generally\nneed to identify the subject of the verb, and it is not always expedient to do\nthat. Using `NOUN + 中` is a useful way to describe the state where some\nprocess is happening but you don't have to specify who or what is performing\nthe action.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-26T14:20:32.060",
"id": "68498",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-27T15:29:36.380",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
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"owner_user_id": "25875",
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"score": 36
},
{
"body": "Let a Chinese who learned Japanese before answer this question. That 中\n(pronounced as chyuu) actually mean \"ing\". The katakana is the verb -\ndownload, so the integrity is downloading. Of course 中 in both Chinese and\nJapanese has the meaning of \"in the middle of sth\", but that is not quite\naccurate in the context here.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-27T07:20:12.570",
"id": "68511",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-27T07:32:16.273",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-27T07:32:16.273",
"last_editor_user_id": "34162",
"owner_user_id": "34162",
"parent_id": "68496",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
68496
|
68498
|
68498
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68502",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "悪くないか\n\nScenario 1: a young boy comes home and says (to his sick mother)「母さん悪くないか」。\n\nScenario 2: two men are moving a tv and one thinks 「なんかバランス悪くないか？！」。\n\nI’m not following the meaning of it",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-26T16:19:22.003",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68501",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-26T16:31:39.403",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-26T16:31:39.403",
"last_editor_user_id": "9357",
"owner_user_id": "9357",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"colloquial-language",
"word-usage"
],
"title": "Meaning and use of 悪くないか",
"view_count": 102
}
|
[
{
"body": "I don't know what you mean by 母さん悪くないか.\n\nCan you let me know the exact situation?\n\nなんかバランス悪くないか？！ can be \"A bit unbalanced isn't it?!\"",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-26T16:25:45.713",
"id": "68502",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-26T16:25:45.713",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34119",
"parent_id": "68501",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
68501
|
68502
|
68502
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "So in most languages we can either put text in italics or between asterisks to\nindicate what the speaker is doing. For instance:\n\n_Looking up_ It will be raining soon\n\nOr on the Internet:\n\n*chewing your tacos* can i borrow food from you?\n\nIs there any equivalent forms in Japanese?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-27T02:16:38.707",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68507",
"last_activity_date": "2021-06-21T14:08:10.763",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7148",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"colloquial-language",
"orthography"
],
"title": "How to express action (in plays, and online)",
"view_count": 229
}
|
[
{
"body": "You can just enclose the action with parentheses. For example, \" _Looking up_\nIt will be raining soon\" will be （見上げながら）雨が降りそうだ。Note that full-width\nparentheses（）looks nicer than normal parentheses () in Japanese sentence.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2021-01-22T13:19:54.657",
"id": "83823",
"last_activity_date": "2021-01-22T13:19:54.657",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"score": 1
}
] |
68507
| null |
83823
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68510",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "For context, the sentence is にへら、という気の抜けた笑顔。 And the sentence before is\nそこまで考えて、胸内にふと一人の人物の顔が浮かんだ。 The character whose monologue this is is spacing\nout during a movie thinking about his recent past, if it helps.\n\nCould someone help me understand what にへら means? I looked it up and only found\na Japanese question about にへら but it was in the middle of a sentence, so I\ndidn’t think it applied.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-27T03:19:31.357",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68508",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-27T04:18:05.853",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-27T04:18:05.853",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "30841",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"onomatopoeia"
],
"title": "What does にへら mean when beginning a sentence?",
"view_count": 862
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's a mimetic word that describes a type of a happy and relaxing smile. へらへら\nand にんまり are much more common, and にへら comes somewhere between them. You can\nsee 200+ illustrations tagged with にへら顔\n[here](http://seiga.nicovideo.jp/tag/%E3%81%AB%E3%81%B8%E3%82%89%E9%A1%94?sort=clip_count).\nIf I can choose one, [this picture](http://seiga.nicovideo.jp/seiga/im8555356)\nexactly matches my image of にへら.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-27T04:12:39.553",
"id": "68510",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-27T04:12:39.553",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68508",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
68508
|
68510
|
68510
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm practicing understanding japanese by japanese subs of anime. For this\nmoment it is 10 episode of season 2 \"Seitokai yakuindomo\", the last scene.\n\n```\n\n Here is Tsuda words:\n **あっ そうだ 買い物 頼まれてた んだ**\n Translation: Ah! By the way, I was asked to shop some things.\n \n```\n\nI try to firugre out by parts and could not understand what form of verb for\n頼む [tanomu] was used here.\n\n```\n\n あっ そうだ [a: soda] Well, here is a thing.\n 買い物 [kaimono] shopping\n 頼まれてた [tanoma reteta] ???? what is the form of the verb\n んだ [nda] situation is the following.\n \n```\n\nIs it past passive? If so, I could not find info that past passive exists in\njapanese language. 頼まれる - is plain passive, but no past passive in the\nvocabulary.\n\nDoes anyone knows what is the form of this verb in Tsuda's words?",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-27T11:33:51.377",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68514",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-29T03:19:48.550",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34165",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"anime"
],
"title": "What is the form of this verb 頼まれてた?",
"view_count": 454
}
|
[
{
"body": "How to get to 頼まれてたんだ\n\n * 頼む (tanom-u) is \"ask a favor\" \n * 頼まれる (tanom-areru) is the passive form of the verb as you noticed \n * 頼まれる is still a verb, so past form and progressive form can be derived for it. \n * 頼まれている (tanomare-te iru) is the [\"progressive\"/\"continuous state\"](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/3140/1319) form (that conveys the meaning of \"state of being asked for a favor\") \n * 頼まれていた (tanomare-te ita) is the [\"discovery ta\"/\"modal-ta\"](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/40888/1319) form (that conveys the feeling of having recalled something) \n * Particle んだ is a form of ~のだ / ~のです about which you can find explanations about [here](http://www.guidetojapanese.org/particles3.html#part5) \nWe now have 頼まれていたんだ。\n\n * Finally, in casual speech it is frequent that the い in the ~ている form gets dropped. This is how you get : \n頼まれてたんだ\n\nRegarding the style of speech: I would say that dropping the い makes it sound\nlike the orator speaks in a bit of a hurry (because they have to do something\nthey had almost forgotten) ; and the presence of んだ sounds like it gives an\nexplanation for the hurriedness, as well as denoting some level of intimacy\nwith the interlocutor.",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-27T12:13:53.163",
"id": "68515",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-29T03:19:48.550",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-29T03:19:48.550",
"last_editor_user_id": "1319",
"owner_user_id": "1319",
"parent_id": "68514",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
68514
| null |
68515
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68517",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "So, I've been reading a manga and there is a phrase that I can't get. It says:\n\n> 使い物にならなきゃ \n> 素手でやるだけか\n\nThose two sentences are separated. \nSo what I understand about is that if the thing is useless he has to use his\nbare hands. To give more context they are talking about using a knife.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-27T15:12:15.063",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68516",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-27T15:56:20.783",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-27T15:56:00.683",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "34167",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"manga"
],
"title": "Can't understand the meaning of a sentence: 「使い物にならなきゃ 素手でやるだけか」",
"view_count": 169
}
|
[
{
"body": "Let's parse your sentences to try to make it a bit clearer:\n\n> **使い物** = a usable item \n> **に** = (change of state) \n> **ならなきゃ** = ならなければ = if it doesn't become / if it isn't \n> **素手で** = with bare hands \n> **やる** = do \n> **だけ** = only / no other option \n> **か** = question / rhetorical device\n\nYou mentioned that the context was that this is about a knife. So we can\nseparate this into two clauses:\n\n**使い物にならなきゃ** If it's not usable ( _If I can't use this knife_ ), \n**素手でやるだけか** I guess there's no choice but to use my bare hands.\n\nWithout the full context, it's a little difficult to decide on the best\ntranslation since I don't know what the character is trying to do. But\nhopefully parsing it in that way makes the intended meaning clearer.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-27T15:56:20.783",
"id": "68517",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-27T15:56:20.783",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"parent_id": "68516",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
68516
|
68517
|
68517
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68520",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "There seems to be a relatively rarely used grammatical pattern consisting of\neither a single か clause, or a AかBか, or else Aかどうか, followed by にもよりません。\n\nBased on the scanty examples of this that can be found online, it seems to\nmean something like \"irrespective of\". Aかにもよりません seems to mean that it isn't a\nproblem if the question posed by A doesn't have an affirmative answer:\n\"regardless of whether A\". Similarly, AかBかにもよりません seems to mean \"regardless of\nwhether A or B\".\n\nBut really, what is the meaning? Plus other considerations like usage\nrestrictions and whatnot.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-27T22:30:59.487",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68518",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-27T23:38:55.507",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-27T22:36:16.927",
"last_editor_user_id": "25875",
"owner_user_id": "1266",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Meaning and usage of: [〜か] 〜か にもよりません",
"view_count": 156
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's just \"AかBかによりません\" except that も meaning \"also/either\" or \"even\" is added.\n依る【よる】 is an intransitive verb that means \"to rely/depend on\". You can learn\nits basic usage\n[here](https://nihononthego.tumblr.com/post/131692018892/grammar-depends-\nondiffers-depending-on).\n\nAかBかによらない works predicatively or adjectivally, AかBかによらず works adverbially.\n\n * AかBかによりません。 \n(It) does not depend on whether it's A or B.\n\n * AかBかに **も** よりません。 \n(It) does not depend on whether it's A or B, **either**. \n(It) does not **even** depend on whether it's A or B.\n\n * AかBかによらず \nregardless of whether it's A or B\n\n * Aかどうかによらず \nregardless of whether or not it's A",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-27T23:38:55.507",
"id": "68520",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-27T23:38:55.507",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68518",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
68518
|
68520
|
68520
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68545",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Which translation is most apt for `ずっとそう思っていました。`?\n\n * \"I always thought so.\"\n * \"I have always thought that...\"\n * \"It is always on my mind\"\n * \"I am always thinking about\"\n\nWhen and how is the phrase/expression usually used?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-27T23:08:36.757",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68519",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-05T15:38:02.467",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3576",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"expressions"
],
"title": "Meaning and usage of ずっとそう思っていました。",
"view_count": 185
}
|
[
{
"body": "You could interpret the phrase a few ways depending on context, but two main\ncandidates are as follows:\n\n> **A:** ずっとそう思っていました。 I **had** always thought so. \n> **B:** ずっとそう思っていました。 I **have** always thought so.\n\n**In A** , the fact that the phrase is in the past tense 思っていました can indicate\na change in the opinion of the speaker. It refers to something that the\nspeaker had always thought to be the case and believed to be so. However, the\ninference is that it is not something they think now. Their opinion has\nchanged. To give an English example, imagine you lost your dog but but never\nfound him. You might say \"I **had** always thought I would find him, but I\nnever did\". The past tense indicates that your opinion has changed.\n\n**In B** , you could argue that the past tense 思っていました can refer to something\nwhich the speaker has always believed right up until this very moment. And\nthey still believe it. In the same example as above, imagine that you had\nfound your dog. Now you might say \"I **have** always thought I would find him,\nand now I have\", This time, the tense serves as a reference point which was\ncontinuous from the past up the the current moment and which you are\nconfirming was correct.\n\n * _This might be a controversial interpretation so I recommend reading more answers for reference_.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T20:59:43.243",
"id": "68545",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-28T20:59:43.243",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"parent_id": "68519",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "センスがあるなKandyman!\n\nGreat answer from Kandyman, I don't yet have privileges to vote (just joined\ntoday)\n\nNot only as a dog owner, but in general I would just highlight that often the\nsituation could be related to **different views** between two persons and\neither telling \"E@BJ XNT\" (Courtesies to D.Adams) or showing gratitude for\nhaving been told about the true matter, e.g.\n\nIn A: You realize you have been wrong all these years and now you realize you\nhad been wrong, after having being told so by someone, and now you admit that\nto the person. (In this case the person who enlighted you did so the first\ntime, i.e. it is not the case of the person having argued for his/her case\ndozens of times and you having simply argued against that).\n\nIn B:\n\nB a) You have been suspecting something about a person, but never told him/her\nabout that, and the person finally reviels to you. Or, you have always thought\nthat \"a=1\" and someone tells you that \"a=2\" and feel gratitude/shame (or at\nleast you are not pissed) that you got the confirmation.\n\nB b) You are telling a person \"So, now you finally believe me after I told you\na million times!!!\" (I.e. there had been an argument between 2 people about\nsomething and a \"3rd party source\" confirmed who won.)\n\nTuomo",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-05T15:38:02.467",
"id": "68684",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-05T15:38:02.467",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34261",
"parent_id": "68519",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
68519
|
68545
|
68545
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68522",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 僕は山崎先生が昨日何を言ったか忘れてしまった\n\nI don't understand what is that か doing in this sentence I mean, It should be\nan を but there's already one but anyways I don't think this is related to the\nproblem",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-27T23:47:51.300",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68521",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-28T03:12:45.310",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-28T03:12:45.310",
"last_editor_user_id": "22352",
"owner_user_id": "34172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"particle-か"
],
"title": "Understanding the use of か",
"view_count": 100
}
|
[
{
"body": "The way to break this sentence down is like this:\n\n僕は [山崎先生が昨日何を言ったか] 忘れてしまった。 I forgot [what Yamazaki-sensei said yesterday].\n\nThe か marks the clause as an embedded question that the main verb bears on,\nand this sentence is great example of the standard pattern. You usually don't\nneed を after an embedded question. Instead, you simply raise a question using\nan informal sentence structure (no polite です・ます) and then comment on it.\n\nHope that helps!",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T00:04:52.583",
"id": "68522",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-28T00:04:52.583",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9959",
"parent_id": "68521",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
68521
|
68522
|
68522
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68540",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "For example if I wanted to say \"I called bob\", would it be something like \"私は\nBob の電話を呼びました\"?\n\nThat sentence feels a little awkward and I'm not sure how to properly phrase\nit.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T00:08:05.860",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68523",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-28T14:33:42.737",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "32802",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"english-to-japanese"
],
"title": "How do I say that I called someone?",
"view_count": 834
}
|
[
{
"body": "A way I learned to say this is ボブに電話をかけました。\n\nThe に indicates a \"destination\" in the same way ～に聞きました means asking ~ a\nquestion.\n\n[jisho\nentry](https://jisho.org/search/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E3%82%92%E6%8E%9B%E3%81%91%E3%82%8B)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T04:34:11.100",
"id": "68525",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-28T04:40:49.877",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-28T04:40:49.877",
"last_editor_user_id": "34051",
"owner_user_id": "34051",
"parent_id": "68523",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "「電{でん}話{わ}をかけた」is one option, and「電話（を）した」is another. There's also「電話を入{い}れた」,\nwhich tends to be used in more 'functional' contexts, like if the call was\nmade to inform/notify the other party about something or in order to confirm\nsomething. You would use each of these after starting with「ボブに」in the given\nexample. To convert these to somewhat more polite versions, you can replace\nthe final「～た」 with「～ました」.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T14:11:20.980",
"id": "68540",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-28T14:33:42.737",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-28T14:33:42.737",
"last_editor_user_id": "34007",
"owner_user_id": "34007",
"parent_id": "68523",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
68523
|
68540
|
68540
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68530",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm aware that if I want to say 'The first [something]' it would be はじめの +\n[something] (i.e. like the manga/anime はじめの一歩 'The first step').\n\nBut now I got across the following phrase \"はじめての夢\"\n\nWhat is the difference between はじめの~ and はじめての~ ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T00:47:18.157",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68524",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-28T06:46:32.677",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "28060",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Difference between はじめの~ and はじめての~",
"view_count": 268
}
|
[
{
"body": "はじめの just refers to the first one in a list/sequence. はじめての modifies some\nevent/place/etc experienced or observed for the first time.\n\n * はじめの夢 the first dream (when you're talking about one's multiple dreams)\n * はじめての夢 the first dream in one's life\n * はじめの一歩 the first step (to achieve some future goal)\n * はじめての一歩 the (memorable) first step (e.g., on the moon)\n * はじめのギター the first guitar (among the multiple guitars mentioned)\n * はじめてのギター one's initial experience about a guitar / Guitar for Beginners (book title)\n * はじめての雪 the first snow (observed in a certain area), the first snow (you experience in your life)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T06:46:32.677",
"id": "68530",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-28T06:46:32.677",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68524",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
68524
|
68530
|
68530
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68528",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "How to say A was misidentified as B?\n\nAがBと誤認されました or AをBと誤認されました?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T04:58:19.860",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68526",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-28T06:49:35.763",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-28T06:01:45.717",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "34079",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"passive-voice"
],
"title": "How to use 誤認されます",
"view_count": 115
}
|
[
{
"body": "Both are grammatical, but have different usages.\n\n\"AがBと誤認されました\" is a simple direct passive statement:\n\n> 息子が万引き犯と誤認されました。 \n> My son was misidentified as a shoplifter.\n\n\"AをBと誤認されました\" is an **indirect passive** sentence; i.e., someone else (usually\nthe speaker) was (usually negatively) affected by this wrong identification.\n\n> (私は)息子を万引き犯と誤認されました。 \n> My son was misidentified as a shoplifter (and I was bothered).\n\nIn this example, failing to use indirect passive may sound like you're a\nlittle indifferent about your son's trouble.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T06:00:27.127",
"id": "68528",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-28T06:49:35.763",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-28T06:49:35.763",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68526",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
68526
|
68528
|
68528
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I was reading an [NHK\narticle](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/easy/k10011929761000/k10011929761000.html)\nand came across this line:\n\nお金{かね}を払{はら}うとき「キャッシュレス」を利用{りよう}する人{ひと}が増{ふ}えて、現金{げんきん}をあまり **使{つか}わなく**\nなっているためです。\n\nIt comes after a line that says \"This is the first time the number of ATM's\nhas decreased\"\n\nI translated this as \"This is because the amount of people using cashless\n(methods) when paying with money is increasing, and so cash is becoming used\nless often\"\n\nOr something to that effect.\n\nIf my parsing is correct then 使う(non-past positive verb)→使わない(non-past\nnegative verb)→使わなく(negative adverbial).\n\nMy question is what would be the analogous adverbial form if I wanted to say\nsomething like \"Debit cards are becoming used more often\" using a similar\nsentence structure but a positive sense of the verb?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T05:05:12.890",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68527",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-28T05:05:12.890",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34051",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"conjugations",
"adverbs"
],
"title": "Making adverb form of verb + なります",
"view_count": 133
}
|
[] |
68527
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68533",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 大豆は他の作物が育ちにくい、やせた土地で栽培できるので、昔から日本各地で栽培されてきた。\n\nPlease help me understand the meaning of the sentence.\n\nTo me it looks like 大豆は他の作物が育ちにくい is a separate sentence, not connected with\nthe rest. But it should be. If it is connected, why isn't にくい connected like\nan I-adjective （にくくて）？\n\nCould you please translate the whole given sentence.\n\nThank you!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T07:27:37.920",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68531",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-28T08:19:00.240",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31549",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"i-adjectives",
"sentence"
],
"title": "The connection of clauses",
"view_count": 70
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think the sentence would break down as follows:\n\n大豆は {[他の作物が育ちにくい]、[やせた]土地} で栽培できるので、昔から日本各地で栽培されてきた。\n\nWhere there are two equal priority adjective clauses that modify 土地. In\nregards to the lack of ～くて form to connect these two descriptors look\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/63211/whats-the-\ndifference-in-nuance-between-\nmultiple-%E5%BD%A2%E5%AE%B9%E8%A9%9E-%E3%81%84-adjectives-with-and-wit) at the\nsecond bullet point in the correct answer. A comma is inserted to sound more\nformal, which I think matches the sentence's topic and grammer.\n\nfor a translation, I would say something like:\n\n\"Since soybeans can be cultivated in infertile soil that is difficult for\nother crops to grow in, from long ago soybeans came to be grown all over\nJapan\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T08:19:00.240",
"id": "68533",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-28T08:19:00.240",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34051",
"parent_id": "68531",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
68531
|
68533
|
68533
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "「本音を言うと自分の部屋で一人でいるほうがホッとできます。」\n\nI tried to translate words separately but I couldn't seem to make sense of it\nas a whole sentence. Something about saying your real feelings (about\nsomething) when you're alone in your room? Also I'm not sure what the ホッと\nmeans.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T07:55:16.287",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68532",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-12T10:00:48.373",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-29T02:47:00.870",
"last_editor_user_id": "10045",
"owner_user_id": "34101",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"sentence"
],
"title": "need help translating 「本音を言うと自分の部屋で一人でいるほうがホッとできます。」",
"view_count": 182
}
|
[
{
"body": "「本音を言う」means \"To speak one's true feelings\"; however, when used in the form\nof「本音を言うと、…」or「本音を言えば、…」at the start of the sentence like this, it often means\n\"To tell you the truth, (...)\" or \"Honestly( though), (...)\" etc. The「…ほうが…」on\nthe other hand denotes comparison to something else, and the「ホッとできる」is just\nthe potential form of「ほっとする」, i.e. \"to feel relieved\". It's often written with\nkatakana like this, but the meaning is the same as with the hiragana form.\n\nAs a whole, the sentence translates to something to the effect of \"To be\nhonest, I('m able to) feel more at ease when I'm alone in my own room\",\nalthough the details would vary slightly depending on the context.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T13:50:26.273",
"id": "68539",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-12T10:00:48.373",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-12T10:00:48.373",
"last_editor_user_id": "34007",
"owner_user_id": "34007",
"parent_id": "68532",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
68532
| null |
68539
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68535",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm not sure if it is a nuance of the word 「ごねる」 which means to make\ndifficulties or to grumble.\n\nHere is the sentence containing the word.\n\n> なんせ... 青山が五人の選手の中に入れてくれって **ごねだした** のは知ってるんだ",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T10:02:20.057",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68534",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-28T11:21:07.683",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9559",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"words",
"manga"
],
"title": "What does the word 「ごねだした」 mean?",
"view_count": 354
}
|
[
{
"body": "ごね出した【だした】 means \"started to grumble.\" 出す is one of the syntactic compound\nverb elements. After the masu-stem of a verb, it means \"to begin to ～\",\nsimilarly to ～始める. See: [What is the difference between 出す and 始める when used\nas a suffix?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/11711/5010)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T11:21:07.683",
"id": "68535",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-28T11:21:07.683",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68534",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
68534
|
68535
|
68535
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68537",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Does sentence \"Boku mo tsurete\" mean only \"Take me\" or \"Lead me\", or it could\nalso mean \"Follow me\" or \"Come with\", based on context? Thanks!",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T12:10:25.633",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68536",
"last_activity_date": "2019-08-20T12:46:10.337",
"last_edit_date": "2019-08-20T12:46:10.337",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "34177",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"phrases"
],
"title": "\"Boku mo tsurete!\"",
"view_count": 216
}
|
[
{
"body": "If the context is like\n\n> A: これから山田さんと田中さん家へ行く(Kore kara yamadasan to tanakasanchi e iku)\n>\n> B: 僕も連れて (Boku mo tsurete)\n\nit would be like\n\n> A: I'm going to Tanaka's place with Yamada\n>\n> B: Take me with you",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T13:14:35.783",
"id": "68537",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-28T13:36:47.510",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "34178",
"parent_id": "68536",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
68536
|
68537
|
68537
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68543",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> ぱっと出て、薬草を摘み、すぐに戻ってくればいい。\n\nIs 摘み read here as つみ or つまみ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T18:45:33.717",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68541",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-28T19:21:04.717",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "902",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"readings",
"multiple-readings"
],
"title": "Reading of 摘み in this sentence",
"view_count": 96
}
|
[
{
"body": "You would read it as つみ.\n\n摘{つ}む here means \"to pick (e.g. flowers)\", so「薬草を摘{つ}む」＝ \"to pick medicinal\nherbs\". つまむ could _technically_ be used here as well (if the person ate the\nherbs like they were snacks after picking them up, or if they just went out to\npinch the herbs with their fingers), but it's usually written in hiragana, so\nif there are no other indications, you would never expect to read 摘む as つまむ.\n\nIf you run into similar cases, you can e.g. check if the dictionary entries\nhave a「▽」 or a「×」next to the kanji, which would indicate non-常用 usage. As you\ncan see on [デジタル大辞泉](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%91%98%E3%82%80-572455), in\nthis case, these has been added next to all of the kanji versions of つまむ.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T19:21:04.717",
"id": "68543",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-28T19:21:04.717",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34007",
"parent_id": "68541",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
68541
|
68543
|
68543
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "So I’ve read and noticed that Japanese speakers regularly switch from using だ\nto です and using both plain and 〜ます forms very frequently throughout a\nconversation even with friends. Why is there such a common change in formality\nwith people you’re close with or know well? And how do they decide which to\nuse when?\n\nEdit: I don’t mean transitioning permanently, I mean in everyday conversations\nwhere the switch is random. I have a friend who switches all the time while we\ntalk and I’ve seen street interviews where the formality is completely all\nover the place. Why does it switch so often?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T21:32:32.873",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68548",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-28T21:48:53.647",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-28T21:48:53.647",
"last_editor_user_id": "33900",
"owner_user_id": "33900",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"colloquial-language",
"formality"
],
"title": "Why and when do Japanese speakers switch between formal and informal language among friends?",
"view_count": 52
}
|
[] |
68548
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "Yesterday I came across some grammatical rules which said “に is used to\nindicate a specific time or date, but in the case of a relative date, に is not\nused. I know relative time include terms like yesterday, tomorrow, and today.\nBut can someone give me a more accurate definition of relative date? Thank\nyou~",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T21:57:19.527",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68550",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-29T21:06:55.297",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-29T07:24:37.210",
"last_editor_user_id": "14608",
"owner_user_id": "33958",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-に",
"time",
"relative-tense"
],
"title": "what is relative time in Japanese language?",
"view_count": 1102
}
|
[
{
"body": "Absolute times are ones that stay where they are as time moves onwards, or to\nthink of it another way they're the ones that you can circle on a calendar or\nmeasure on a clock. So \"Tuesday\" or \"May 25th\" or \"4 AM\" are all absolute\ntimes, and the ever-changing now will eventually catch up to them and then\npass them.\n\nRelative times are ones measured in relation to when \"now\" is - so \"5 minutes\nago\", \"tomorrow\", \"next year\" are all relative because the specific time they\nreference will change - \"5 minutes ago\" might have meant \"4 AM\" when you said\nit, but eventually it will mean \"noon\" or \"1:47\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-29T01:31:53.237",
"id": "68553",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-29T01:31:53.237",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "16022",
"parent_id": "68550",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "An _absolute_ time or date is a time period that will refer to the same time,\nregardless of when it is mentioned. These are typically exact times (on the\nsame day in the current timezone unless otherwise stated) or calendar dates.\nIn Japanese these are usually marked with the に particle but this can be\nomitted in casual conversation. For example:\n\n午後6時15分 (6:15pm)\n\n6月25日 (June 25)\n\n正午 (midday)\n\nA _relative_ time refers to a different time or day depending on when it is\nmentioned. In Japanese these can be followed by は, が, or no particle at all.\nThey're often given at the start of a sentence. For example:\n\n一時間後 (an hour later)\n\n一年前 (a year ago)\n\n今日 (today)\n\n明日 (tomorrow)\n\n再来週 (the week after next)\n\nNote that both relative and absolute times can be used with から (beginning) or\nまで (ending) for time intervals.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-29T07:05:41.833",
"id": "68557",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-29T07:05:41.833",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "14608",
"parent_id": "68550",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "ConMan and Tom Kelly have addressed the question you have asked in the\nsubject/title of your post. As for the rather different one in the body, it\nsounds to me as if your source is simply using \"relative time\" for times\nmeasured in hours or smaller units of time (\"three seconds ago,\" \"forty-five\nminutes from now,\" \"forty-eight hours ago,\" etc.) and \"relative date\" for\ntimes measured in days or larger units (\"the day after tomorrow,\" \"two weeks\nago,\" \"eight months from now,\" \"the year after next,\" etc.\").",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-29T19:27:01.780",
"id": "68566",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-29T21:06:55.297",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-29T21:06:55.297",
"last_editor_user_id": "33934",
"owner_user_id": "33934",
"parent_id": "68550",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
68550
| null |
68553
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In this book I'm translating, the narrative character is told the following\nline of dialogue by a girl before the sentence I'm asking about (bolded\nbelow).\n\n> 「あなたには、生まれついての才能があるのよ 人を殺す才能。 生き残る才能。 暗殺者としての才能が」\n>\n> 呆れた話だった。 **いきなり何を** 言いだすかと思えば。\n\nI've already translated the above, but I don't know what the syntax for いきなり何を\nis. I recognize いきなり as a adverb followed by 何 then a particle. Yet because\nI'm unable to recognize what is affecting what, I don't know if I should\ntranslate いきなり何を as いきなり何 followed by を (resulting in adverb - what - を -\nverb), OR treat the adverb いきなり as if it's separate from 何を (which translates\nthe sentence to adverb - verb - what- を - context in English).\n\nPossible translations for いきなり何を言いだすかと思えば。 I've come up with are\n\n> Without warning immediately after what she said I start talking.\n>\n> I start talking at the thought of her words without warning to what I say.\n>\n> Without warning to what I say I begin to speak immediately after her.\n\nConstructive criticism that helps me understanding the correct parsing of\nいきなり何を is appreciated.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-28T22:43:18.407",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68551",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-29T00:04:13.617",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"syntax",
"particle-を",
"parsing"
],
"title": "What are the adverb + 何 +を doing in the following sentence?",
"view_count": 137
}
|
[
{
"body": "* **いきなり** is an adverb meaning \"out of nowhere\", \"all of the sudden\". Forget \"without warning\" for now. It plainly modifies 言い出す as an adverb. 言い出す is the first verb after いきなり, so it cannot be simpler.\n * **何を** is \"what\". 何 is the object of 言い出す.\n * **言い出す** is \"to start saying\", \"to bring up (a topic)\". Its subject is the girl.\n * **か** is the question marker.\n * **と思えば** is the plain old quotative particle followed by a conditional form of 思う, whose subject is the narrator. 思えば is usually called \"conditional\", but it can also describe a trigger of a succeeding event (\"and\" or \"but\").\n\n> いきなり何を言いだすか \n> What (the heck) is she talking about out of nowhere?\n>\n> 「いきなり何を言いだすか」と思えば…。 \n> I wondered what she was bringing up out of nowhere, and/but...\n\nThe remaining half of the sentence is left unsaid, but it should be something\nlike \"what she said was even beyond my imagination\".",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-29T00:04:13.617",
"id": "68552",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-29T00:04:13.617",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68551",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
68551
| null |
68552
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68565",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In a manga, one person gets drunk and pushes another person down and the\nperson being pushed thinks of this\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/7EqUU.png)\n\n\"酔ってるといえ何かおかしい...\" I think it says \"there is something wrong for you to be\ndrunk\" then he says \"こうなたらこれ以上おかしい\" and I think he says \"this has turned into\na weird situation\" then he thinks \"行動する前に従ってお方くがいいのか...\" and I think it says\n\"Do you not think before acting?\"\n\nThere aren't any translation for this manga yet but I'm trying to figure it\nout using google, I figured the previous pages but not this one and it'd be\ngreat if someone knows this, Thankyou.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-29T06:49:31.123",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68555",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-29T18:33:39.713",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-29T15:15:01.860",
"last_editor_user_id": "9749",
"owner_user_id": "34192",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"manga"
],
"title": "I'm lost in this \"thought bubble\" of a manga, I don't know what it says",
"view_count": 281
}
|
[
{
"body": "酔ってるといえ何かおかしい This is something along the lines of \"He/She/They're being weird\ndespite being drunk\"\n\nこうなたらこれ以上おかしい and 行動する前に従ってお方くがいいのか is actually one sentence not two separate\nsentences.\n\nこうなたらこれ以上おかしい行動する前に従ってお方くがいいのか \"Since they're acting strange maybe I should\njust follow along/play along before they do anything weirder\"\n\nThats my take anyway. A bit hard without more context.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-29T18:33:39.713",
"id": "68565",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-29T18:33:39.713",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34196",
"parent_id": "68555",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
68555
|
68565
|
68565
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68559",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I saw it on a prep book and there says the meaning is to waste time and money,\nbut I don't understand how.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-29T07:02:11.537",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68556",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-29T23:03:43.213",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-29T23:03:43.213",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "34114",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"idioms"
],
"title": "Jibun dake baka o miru meaning?",
"view_count": 359
}
|
[
{
"body": "馬鹿を見る is a common idiom, but different sources provide different definitions\nto it...\n\n> * to feel like an idiot; to make a fool of yourself\n> ([jisho.org](https://jisho.org/search/%E9%A6%AC%E9%B9%BF%E3%82%92%E8%A6%8B%E3%82%8B))\n> *\n> つまらない目にあう。ばかばかしい思いをする。ばかな目にあう。([デジタル大辞泉](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/174686/meaning/m0u/))\n> * to waste time and money (your prep book)\n>\n\nI feel these definitions are not wrong, but insufficient. The basic meaning of\nthis idiom is \"to be insufficiently rewarded (for one's effort/honesty)\", \"to\nfeel unappreciated\", \"to feel like a fool because something ended up with\nnothing\", etc. Depending on the context, \"to be left holding the bag\" or \"to\ndraw the short straw\" might be a valid translation, too. 正直者が馬鹿を見る is a common\nproverb meaning \"Honesty doesn't pay.\"\n\n自分 is \"oneself\" and can refer to anyone (I, you, he, etc) depending on the\ncontext. だけ is \"only/just\". Therefore 自分だけ馬鹿を見る means something along the\nlines of \"Only myself/yourself/etc will be unrewarded/unappreciated\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-29T08:15:39.797",
"id": "68559",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-29T08:15:39.797",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68556",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
68556
|
68559
|
68559
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68571",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 君にどれだけ近づいても僕の心臓は一つだけ\n\nI pretty much understand what this sentence is saying except I have no idea\nhow to fit \"entrails\" into the meaning. Perhaps I'm totally off. Could someone\nplease tell me how to read this?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-29T07:45:26.927",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68558",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-29T23:38:39.277",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-29T23:38:39.277",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "34191",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"song-lyrics"
],
"title": "Why is 臓 in this sentence?",
"view_count": 172
}
|
[
{
"body": "The character 臓 is most often used in words like 心臓, 肝臓, 腎臓 or 内臓, 臓器 i.e. in\nwords meaning \"internal organs\" or in words for particular internal organs\n(heart, liver, kidney).\n\nOf course here 臓 is part of 心臓【しんぞう】 meaning \"heart\", which would usually be\n\"heart (the organ), not \"the seat of feeling, understanding and thought\".\n\nIn this phrase, however, they seem to using 心臓 rather than 心【こころ】 just to\nemphasize the perceived emotion of only having \"one heart\" (which is true\nphysically, thus justifying that it is also emotionally). I guess you can read\nit\n\n> no matter how close I get to you, I only have one heart [in my body]",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-29T23:37:46.447",
"id": "68571",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-29T23:37:46.447",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "68558",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
68558
|
68571
|
68571
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68564",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "long-time lurker, am hoping that I can get some help on something\n\nI came upon a tweet which has this particular sentence\n\"みなさんのパフォーマンスは通して聞くことでより魅力的...\"\n\nI am perplexed by how 通して聞く are used together. I understand how ~通して works and\nI have seen how it pairs with other verbs such as 見る so 通して見る, in this context\nof \"ウィンドウを通して見ることができる\" means looking through the window but I am not sure what\ndoes 通して means when it is paired with 聞く. I googled and I saw clauses such as\n\"アルバムを通して聞く\" which probably means listening throughout the album? Can I\npresume that in the context of the tweet, it means the same thing? Listening\nthroughout the performance?\n\nOn an unrelated note, may I also ask whether は can be used with 通して? I\nnormally see 通して used with を so I was a bit caught off.\n\nThanks for reading!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-29T18:02:09.130",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68563",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-31T15:46:30.363",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34183",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-は",
"particle-を"
],
"title": "What does 通して聞く mean when they are used together?",
"view_count": 191
}
|
[
{
"body": "I believe this usage corresponds to the following definition of 通す/徹す from\n大辞林:\n\n> (とおして…する」の形で）始めから終わりまで休みなしにある動作をする。「全曲を—して聞く」「昼も夜も—して働く」\n\nSo ~を通して聞く would basically be \"listen to 〜 straight through, from beginning to\nend.\"",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-29T18:24:30.710",
"id": "68564",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-31T15:46:30.363",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-31T15:46:30.363",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "33934",
"parent_id": "68563",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
68563
|
68564
|
68564
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68568",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm reading some R-rated doujinshi on the internet and came across this line:\n\nこの立派なホーケーチOチンで!\n\nI don't understand what \"ホーケー\" means. My guess is that it means something\n\"take a look at this!\" type of meaning, but I can't seem to find anything\nabout this line.\n\nAs a whole, the sentence means something along the lines of \"using this fine\n**** right here!\".\n\nThanks!",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-29T19:36:45.807",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68567",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-29T20:59:26.210",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34198",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of \"ホーケー\" in a sentence",
"view_count": 530
}
|
[
{
"body": "It denotes [包茎](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E5%8C%85%E8%8C%8E-131892), a\ncondition where the foreskin of an adult male individual covers the tip of the\nglans.\n\nIn Japanese, the word 包茎 is used to refer to both 真性包茎 or phimosis, a\ncondition where the prepuce is difficult or impossible to pull back past the\nglans, as well as 仮性包茎, a benign feature where it is simply long but easily\nretractable.\n\nI assume katakana was used here for a more vulgar or humorous effect.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-29T20:59:26.210",
"id": "68568",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-29T20:59:26.210",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34007",
"parent_id": "68567",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
68567
|
68568
|
68568
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68572",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have the following sentence from a subtitle\n\n> 本日は この記念すべき日を迎える事が できた事に 感極まる思いであります｡\n\nI also have the translated subtitle.\n\n> Today we are able to celebrate this memorable day, a day filled with\n> emotions.\n\nFirst of all, is that translation accurate and complete? Because I'm having\ntrouble understanding what 「記念すべき日」 means. My best guess is 'day we should\ncelebrate'. But if that's it, I can't really figure out how to fit it into the\nrest of the sentence. And 「迎える」 having about 15 meanings in the dictionary is\nmaking things even more difficult.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-29T22:30:24.650",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68569",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-30T00:00:50.890",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "13577",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "What does すべき mean in 'この記念すべき日'?",
"view_count": 315
}
|
[
{
"body": "すべき is する＋べき. べき basically means `should`.\n\n記念すべき日 is then 記念する + べき + 日 and means as you surmised, `a day that should be\ncelebrated` or `a day we should celebrate`.\n\nThe main action is 感極まる思いであります, which is basically a fancy way of saying\nextremely emotional. Why does the speaker feel so emotional? The に tells you\nthat この記念すべき日を迎える事ができた事 is what the speaker feels so emotional towards.\n\nI think the important thing about the rest of the sentence is that all the 事s\nact as nominalizers. 迎える means something like to arrive at this day (It's\ndefinition 4 on\n[デジタル大辞泉](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/214598/meaning/m0u/)).\n\n> **この** 記念すべき日 = **This** day that should be celebrated\n>\n> [この記念すべき日] **を迎える** = **Arrive at** this day that should be celebrated\n>\n> [この記念すべき日を迎える **事]ができた** = **We are able to** arrive at this day that should\n> be celebrated (事 makes the previous phrase a noun phrase)\n>\n> [この記念すべき日を迎える事ができた] **事** = **The fact that** we are able to arrive at this\n> day that should be celebrated (事 makes the previous phrase a noun phrase)\n\nSo then the speaker is saying that:\n\n> today I am extremely emotional at being able to arrive at this day that\n> should be celebrated.\n\nHonestly that just sounds pretty bad in English.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-30T00:00:50.890",
"id": "68572",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-30T00:00:50.890",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10045",
"parent_id": "68569",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
68569
|
68572
|
68572
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68576",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I came across with the following sentence:\n\n> 受験勉強で疲弊した **深夜** 、グレープフルーツのへそに親指を挿入した **瞬間** 、胸からぷしゅっと黄色の粒子が **噴出** した。\n\nI was doubtful about how the sentences separated by commas were related to\neach other, so I asked a Japanese person to help me out. She said the nouns 深夜\nand 瞬間 were both functioning as adverbs. She also added that the particle に\ncould be placed after these two nouns and the meaning would be the same, even\nthough it would make it more casual instead of the current literary version.\n\nHowever, I still have a question. If these nouns are actually working as\nadverbs, that is, temporal nouns, what verb specifically were they actually\nmodifying? After trying to answer it for myself, I ended up with three\npossibilities, but I can't say which is correct.\n\n 1. They are modifying the next verb. 挿入する for 深夜, and 噴出する for 瞬間.\n 2. Both are modifying the last verb, 噴出する.\n 3. They are actually independent sentences, that is, the 深夜's sentence is a sentence separated from the remaining and the same applies to 瞬間. And if that's the case, how could they be adverbs?\n\nThis sentence structure seems to be quite frequent, and I always get confused\nwith it.\n\nNote that this question about [Adverbial Nouns and Temporal\nNouns](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/23406/adverbial-nouns-and-\ntemporal-nouns) has nothing to do with mine.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-30T00:25:21.167",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68573",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-30T02:20:46.827",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "17384",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"adverbs",
"relative-clauses"
],
"title": "Relationship between temporal/adverbial nouns modified by relative clauses with verbs",
"view_count": 164
}
|
[
{
"body": "To me it looks like there are two adverbial clauses, both \"modifying\" the\nfinal verb 噴出した by specifying **when** that act happened. So the verb phrases\nthat come before 深夜 and 瞬間 are just modifying the respective temporal noun,\nturning each comma separated section into a clause.\n\n[受験勉強で疲弊した深夜]、[グレープフルーツのへそに親指を挿入した瞬間]、胸からぷしゅっと黄色の粒子が噴出した。\n\nNotice that each bracketed section is not a sentence in itself as it doesn't\nend in a verb, copula, etc. They are simply nouns with descriptors attached.\nThat rules out #3. As for the difference between 1 and 2, since these are all\ndescribing essentially one moment - when yellow particles spurt out of a\ngrapefruit - I guess the sentence may also be broken up as:\n\n{[受験勉強で疲弊した深夜]、グレープフルーツのへそに親指を挿入した瞬間}、胸からぷしゅっと黄色の粒子が噴出した。\n\nBut to me those seem like they have essentially the same meaning, but the\nfirst breakdown seems more natural to me due to the parallel structure between\nthe two clauses.\n\nA simpler example of this same structure may be something like:\n\n「 **昨日** 、 **朝** 、りんごを食べました」\n\nBoth nouns are describing when the eating happened. They are acting as adverbs\nby modifying the last verb.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-30T02:20:46.827",
"id": "68576",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-30T02:20:46.827",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34051",
"parent_id": "68573",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
68573
|
68576
|
68576
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What are the illustrations they use to show information in Japanese TV called?\nI don't know if I'm describing them well, so I've included a picture.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/3IRXj.png)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-30T00:40:07.290",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68574",
"last_activity_date": "2020-03-07T14:01:05.210",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30380",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "What are the illustrations used in Japanese TV called?",
"view_count": 215
}
|
[
{
"body": "Are you referring to this physical board itself? Then there is no well-known\nspecific name for this type of board. It's probably just called ボード or 情報ボード.\nHandheld smaller boards (roughly the same size as sketchbooks) are commonly\ncalled フリップ. See [these image search\nresults](https://search.yahoo.co.jp/image/search?ei=UTF-8&fr=sfp_as&aq=-1&oq=&ts=796&p=%E3%83%95%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%83%97%E3%80%80%E3%83%90%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A8%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3&meta=vc%3D).\nText digitally superimposed on screen is called\n[テロップ](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/60185/5010).\n\nOr are are you referring to the names of these specific illustrations? I'm at\nleast seeing a 人物の写真, a 人物関係図 and 会話の再現イラスト, but the catch-all term for these\nillustrations is perhaps just 情報 (\"information\").",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-30T01:41:59.580",
"id": "68575",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-30T01:41:59.580",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68574",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
68574
| null |
68575
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68683",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> すみません **が** 。この封筒に二百円の切手を貼って出してください。\n\nI know that in this situation I could say just すみません、not すみませんが。Both mean\n\"excuse me.\" Still, there must be at least a slight difference between すみませんが\nand すみません. What is the difference? （It seems to me that the particle implies\nrequest, asking for attention, but I'm not sure)\n\nThank you!",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-30T03:43:56.990",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68577",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-07T02:10:18.293",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-30T03:59:25.767",
"last_editor_user_id": "31549",
"owner_user_id": "31549",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particle-が"
],
"title": "The difference between すみません and すみませんが",
"view_count": 379
}
|
[
{
"body": "Literally, the が here means “but” (in this case it is not used as a particle).\nPolite or humble Japanese often uses が or けど to end subclauses. Similarly,\npassive or negative verbs are used as it is considered more polite to be\nindirect.\n\n> すみません **が** 、~ ください。\n>\n> Excuse me **but** could you please ~\n\nIn this case すみません (which has many different uses) is used to get attention\nand make a request. It is a reasonably polite way to make a request\n(suggestion or demand) but would not be considered an apology: do not use\nすみません **が** to say sorry, it will sound insincere to give an excuse.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-30T07:32:42.350",
"id": "68578",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-07T02:10:18.293",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "14608",
"parent_id": "68577",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "Also depends a lot of the reason why (and hence the tone in which) the speaker\nsays すみません or すみませんが. I think it is a bit risky to use すみませんが if you simply\nwant to be polite, as it could be taken as the hostile すみませんが (used to attrack\nattention when you want to point out something that you are not satisfied\nwith) even if you (like me, a foreigner) tried to articulate it in a polite\nway.\n\nIf you want to use すみませんが in a way where you basically apologize for\ninterrupting or just for asking for the person's attention, using おそれいりますが but\nthis would sound awkward from someone non-Japanese-speaker who does not master\nthe language extremely well (I would not use that phrase).\n\nTuomo",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-05T14:48:18.257",
"id": "68683",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-05T14:48:18.257",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34261",
"parent_id": "68577",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
68577
|
68683
|
68578
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am writing a text and I want to say:\n\n> With the passing of time, I have understood what he wanted to say.\n\nI have written:\n\n> 時間がたつにつれて、彼が言いたかったことが分かってきました。\n\nIs my sentence completely wrong?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-30T11:14:54.580",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68579",
"last_activity_date": "2019-11-03T03:15:52.737",
"last_edit_date": "2019-10-16T08:43:36.550",
"last_editor_user_id": "35723",
"owner_user_id": "18269",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"meaning",
"expressions"
],
"title": "How can I say \"With the passing of time...\"?",
"view_count": 664
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think your sentence is great. The only real choice left here is the tone you\nwant to adopt. You chose a polite form of speech with lots of glue words,\nwhich conveys a certain signal. In contrast, if you chose a bit more blunt\nform, it can convey a stronger conviction, with more emphasis on \"I\".\n\nAlso, since your fluency is already pretty high, I shall point out it out,\neven though it is more of a nit, that three \"が\" in one sentence feels a little\ntoo repetitive. I'd think 彼の言いたかったことが flows a little better.\n\nFinally, a few other variants for your consideration:\n\n * 時が経つにつれ、彼の言わんとした事が分かってきた (more concise, more blunt, and so carries more of your conviction.)\n * 今の僕には、あの時の彼の言葉が分かる (contrast now and then, he and I, so it flows more elegantly IMHO.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-11-03T03:15:52.737",
"id": "72876",
"last_activity_date": "2019-11-03T03:15:52.737",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3059",
"parent_id": "68579",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
68579
| null |
72876
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "For example, what word would I use to say like “Boys are cute” or “Guys are\ncute”? I’m 19, so what word would fit me? 男？",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-30T12:22:20.883",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68580",
"last_activity_date": "2021-10-16T18:05:25.477",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33900",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "What do you call males in their late teens/early twenties?",
"view_count": 456
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think [男子]{だんし} is the appropriate word here. Take for example [this\narticle](https://cancam.jp/archives/558971). Note that [男子]{だんし} and [女子]{じょし}\nare used when referring to a group of boys or girls respectively, never when\nreferring to an individual.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-30T13:43:47.753",
"id": "68583",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-30T13:43:47.753",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34204",
"parent_id": "68580",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
68580
| null |
68583
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I understand that である is most commonly used to replace だ/です at the end of a\nsentence in written expressions.\n\nBut outside this usage, I can't find much explanation on how to use this\nstructure. In most cases, it seems to be interchangeable with の、のを、だった etc.\n\nFrom what I can infer when reading a lot of example sentences, である means “as\nbeing” “exist as” “is”, I'm not confident with this interpretation though.\n\n> 母が弁護士 **である** ことを誇りに思う。I'm proud that my mother (exists as) a lawyer.\n> `であることを can be replaced with なのを`\n>\n> 自分が一人 **である** のに気づく。I realized that I live alone. (exist alone) `であるのに can\n> be replaced with なのに`\n>\n> 子供の頃嫌い **であった** 食べ物が、大人になって好きになるという話をよく聞く。I often hear that you grow to like\n> food you hated (exists as hated) during your childhood `であった can be replaced\n> with だった`\n>\n> 編集者と出版社 **である** 人は私のいとこです。The editor and publisher (exists as) is my cousin.\n> `である can be replaced with の`\n>\n> 彼はフランス人 **である** に違いない。I'm certain that he's (exists as) French. `である can be\n> omitted`\n>\n> これは赤ペンだ。黒いペン **でもある** 。This is a red pen. It's also (also exists as) a black\n> pen. `でもある cannot be replaced here`\n\nWith this understanding, I tried to make my own sentence and I don't\nunderstand why it's wrong:\n\n> お金持ち **である** ことは幸せな人生を送るわけではない。Being (existing as) a rich person does not\n> mean you'll lead a happy life.\n\nHow does である work in these situations and what does it mean?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-30T12:36:02.903",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68581",
"last_activity_date": "2021-04-30T14:15:50.303",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-30T13:00:05.393",
"last_editor_user_id": "27851",
"owner_user_id": "27851",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"usage",
"copula"
],
"title": "The uses of である",
"view_count": 1792
}
|
[
{
"body": "Your understanding is correct. The only reason your sentence doesn't sound\nnatural is small grammatical inconsistencies.\n\nYou can say お金持ちであることが幸せな人生を意味するわけではない or お金持ちであることが幸せな人生を呼び寄せるわけではない. I.e.\nお金持ちであること is the state of being rich, and a state cannot do 人生を送る. However, it\ncan imply things/cause things etc. and thus the examples work.\n\nYou can also say お金持ちである人が皆、幸せな人生を送るわけではない. Here, お金持ちである人 is a person who is\nrich, and thus can 人生を送る.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-01T19:41:34.540",
"id": "68609",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-01T19:41:34.540",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "499",
"parent_id": "68581",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "As stated above, your use of である, up to that point, is okay. The problem lies\nwith the rest. I'd rephrease as:\n\nお金持ちであるだけでは、幸せにはなれない。 Being rich by itself, won't make you happy.\n\nTo answer your question, as to why it's wrong, I'll try to show where you've\ngone off the rails by showing you the literal translation of what you got.\n\nお金持ちであることは幸せな人生を送るわけではない。 The fact that you are rich is not living a happy\nlife.\n\nBasically the statement tries to negate the equivalancy between the FACT that\nsomeone is being rich, and the ACT of living a happy life, so that's why it\nfails. Does that make sense?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2021-04-30T14:15:50.303",
"id": "86406",
"last_activity_date": "2021-04-30T14:15:50.303",
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}
] |
68581
| null |
68609
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68588",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "On a news report, I heard the phrase 四五{しご}十{じゅう}メートル and it got me thinking\nabout how to express other number approximations. Are the following correct?\n\n * 10 or 20 meters じゅうにじゅうメートル \n * 20 or 30 meters にさんじゅうメートル\n * 30 or 40 meters さんよんじゅうメートル\n * 40 or 50 meters しごじゅうメートル\n * 50 or 60 meters ごろくじゅうメートル\n * 60 or 70 meters ろくななじゅうメートル\n * 70 or 80 meters ななはちじゅうメートル\n * 80 or 90 meters はちきゅうじゅうメートル\n * 90 or 100 meters きゅうじゅうひゃくメートル",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-30T12:59:52.870",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68582",
"last_activity_date": "2020-03-12T01:49:04.073",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 15,
"tags": [
"numbers"
],
"title": "What is the correct expression of 10/20, 20/30, 30/40 etc?",
"view_count": 1861
}
|
[
{
"body": "いちに, にさん, さんよん (or さんし), しご, ごろく, ろくしち (or ろくなな) and しちはち (or ななはち) are very\ncommon and handy expressions. はちきゅう is understood, but is relatively less\ncommon. We don't use よんご for some reason. They are used like this:\n\n * いちにかい: once or twice\n * にさんにち: 2 or 3 days\n * さんよんまんえん: 30000-40000 yen\n * ごろっぴゃくねん: 500-600 years\n * しちはっぽん: 7 or 8 (e.g. pencils)\n\nIt's even possible to say:\n\n * よんじゅうごろっキロ: 45-46 kg/km\n * せんろくななひゃっかい: 1600-1700 times\n\nBut じゅうにじゅうメートル and きゅうじゅうひゃくメートル are wrong. In these cases, you have to use\nから (or [ないし](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/46524/5010)) explicitly and\nsay:\n\n * じゅう から にじゅうメートル: 10-20 meters\n * きゅうじゅう から ひゃくメートル: 90-100 meters\n\nYou also have to use から explicitly when you want to say 50-70, for example.\n\n * ごじゅう から ななじゅうえん: 50 to 70 yen \n(ご から ななじゅうえん is also acceptable when there is no chance for misunderstanding)\n\nRelated: [How to read: the \"~\" (tilde) in \"3~4\n行\"](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/21679/5010)",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-30T17:58:51.200",
"id": "68588",
"last_activity_date": "2020-03-12T01:49:04.073",
"last_edit_date": "2020-03-12T01:49:04.073",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 19
},
{
"body": "My speculations, but:\n\nMight also be related to the fact that 10-20 is such a rough value that the\nperson asking the question might be expected to know that. On the countrary,\n70-80 or 80-90 are too tight tolerances in normal circumstances.\n\n(Naruto-san, watch your speed! I guess the only circumstance you would use\n45-46 km/h would, I think, normally only be used if you get caught speeding on\na 30 km/h street and the police asks you how fast you were driving).\n\nWhat does not sound logical (but may be related to similar reason why we have\n60 mins in 1 hour) is that for any distance in meters even close to 600m one\nwould use that. (Or say 500-600), but instead of saying \"about 500m\" one\nnormally chooses to say \"about 600m\"\n\nTuomo",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-05T14:33:35.783",
"id": "68682",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-05T14:33:35.783",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34261",
"parent_id": "68582",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
68582
|
68588
|
68588
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68586",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've read about if \"z\" sound is pronounced /z/ or /dz/ and found the answer\nhere that:\n\n> Typically, though not consistently, [dz] occurs at the beginning of a word\n> or in the middle of a word immediately following a syllable-final consonant\n> (§5.1, §5.6), and [z] occurs in the middle of a word immediately following a\n> vowel.\n\nSo I thought: okay I need to just remember which word uses which sound. Then I\nheard native speakers saying:\n\n> 絶対にだめです。with /z/ sound\n>\n> そんなことは絶対できないじょ。 with /dz/ sound\n\nSo seems like the SAME word can have both pronunciations, depending on person?\n\nMy question is should I care at all? Maybe I should choose one sound /z/ or\n/dz/ and use it in every word? Will everyone be able to understand me?\n\nThanks for help :)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-30T16:36:43.440",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68584",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-30T17:44:29.923",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "34206",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"pronunciation",
"dialects"
],
"title": "\"z\" sound, which to choose?",
"view_count": 1949
}
|
[
{
"body": "You do not have to remember which word uses which. If you wish, you can stick\nto either [dz] or [z], and everyone will understand you. If you care, it may\nbe better to follow the rule described in [the answer you\nsaw](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/18095/5010). As the answer says, in\nmodern standard Japanese, [dz] and [z] are the variants (allophones) of the\nsame sound (phoneme). That is, even if you may hear a native Japanese speaker\nsay both [dz] and [z] depending on the situation, they are usually totally\nunaware of this fact, and they cannot even hear the difference. Please read\nthe following questions.\n\n * [Why doesn't Japanese have a special Katakana form for \"hu\"?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/16266/5010)\n * [Why do Japanese speakers have difficulty pronouncing \"L\"?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/8324/5010)\n\n> You'll find the same thing with z/dz. Ask a Japanese if you should say\n> zettai (with a z) and they'll say yes. Ask again if it's dzettai (with dz)\n> and they'll also say yes. Ask which they prefer and they'll tell you they\n> only heard one pronunciation, even though you clearly said z in one case and\n> dz in the other.\n\n * [Confusion with pronounciation in some words: 'm' and 'n' sounds when there is 'g'](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/54535/5010)\n\nActually, [dz] and [z] were distinguished in old Japanese, and the distinction\nis still more or less preserved in some dialects (see\n[Yotsugana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yotsugana)). But this is not\nsomething ordinary speakers need to worry about.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-30T17:18:51.770",
"id": "68586",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-30T17:44:29.923",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-30T17:44:29.923",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68584",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
68584
|
68586
|
68586
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I can’t seem to find any information on it other than “ライチ” but I only found\nthat from one website.:/",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-30T17:10:42.147",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68585",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-30T17:37:09.823",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34207",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "How do you say lychee? Does it have a kanji as well?",
"view_count": 788
}
|
[
{
"body": "If you mean this fruit:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/KtEVNm.jpg)\n\nThen yes, it's normally called ライチ. It's popular in cocktails served at\nizakaya. It has kanji (茘枝), but this is not recognized by average Japanese\nspeakers. Most people recognize this as ライチ, but according to Wikipedia, レイシ\nseems to be a more authentic name in botanical contexts.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-30T17:37:09.823",
"id": "68587",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-30T17:37:09.823",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68585",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
68585
| null |
68587
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "What is the etymological reason for words like 胸, 肘, 腹, 腕, and 脚 to have 月?\n\nIs it phonetic at all or does it contribute meaning?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-30T18:12:49.177",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68589",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-30T18:12:49.177",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33900",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"etymology"
],
"title": "Why do so many kanji for body parts have the radical 「月」？",
"view_count": 60
}
|
[] |
68589
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68592",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I asked an earlier question [What does 通して聞く mean when they are used\ntogether?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/68563/what-\ndoes-%E9%80%9A%E3%81%97%E3%81%A6%E8%81%9E%E3%81%8F-mean-when-they-are-used-\ntogether/68564?noredirect=1#comment115753_68564) where I was confused by how a\nsentence used 通して but with a は instead of a を. Can someone help to shed some\nlight on whether this is allowed, and if so.. under what instances can we use\nは instead?\n\nThanks for reading!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-30T20:29:40.710",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68590",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-31T22:15:12.533",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34183",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-は",
"particle-を"
],
"title": "Can the を in ～を通して be replaced with は?",
"view_count": 291
}
|
[
{
"body": "The object of a verb is usually marked with を, but when that object is the\ntopic of the sentence, を will be replaced with は. This is a basic grammatical\nrule, and it has nothing to do with the usage of 通して itself. See: [What is a\ntopic prominent language?](https://eastasiastudent.net/study/topic-prominent/)\n\nIn your example, みなさんのパフォーマンス is the topic of the sentence, so it's marked\nwith は even though it's the object of 聞く.\n\nRelated:\n\n * [What is the subject of this sentence? Is it the book (mentioned) or the author (who is not mentioned)?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/17571/5010)\n * [The meaning and nuance behind the phrase \"話は通してある\"](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/48051/5010)\n * [\"は + verb\" instead of \"を + verb\"?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/17817/5010)\n * [Particle は replacing を - where does the stress lie?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/14708/5010)\n\n**EDIT** : Note that the object of みなさんのパフォーマンス is 聞く, not 通す. 通して is the te-\nform of 通す, and here it's working like an adverb that describes how the main\naction (聞く) is done. Compare: 音楽を座って聞く (\"to listen to the music while\nsitting\"), リンゴを急いで食べる (\"to eat an apple in a hurry\").",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-31T11:04:52.283",
"id": "68592",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-31T22:15:12.533",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-31T22:15:12.533",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68590",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
68590
|
68592
|
68592
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I chanced across this sentence while doing anki. \n\n彼は高齢を理由に社長を辞めたよ\n\nThere are 2 を particles before the verb (in this case 辞めた being the verb).\nFrom what I understand of the を particle, it marks a direct object of the next\noccurring verb but in this case, there are 2 direct objects before the verb.\nHow do I decipher this? I tried to search for these kinds of usages online but\ncouldn't find any related hits on google due to me not knowing the proper\nterms for these usages. Any related links would be appreciated. Also why does\n長を辞めた translates to resigned as president. In english, this would very\nliterally mean that the action of quiting is done on the president, which\ndoesn't really makes sense to me. Shouldn't it be 社長として辞めた instead.",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-31T07:41:34.647",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68591",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-31T15:23:48.923",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-31T08:10:01.310",
"last_editor_user_id": "31222",
"owner_user_id": "31222",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particle-を"
],
"title": "multiple を particles before a verb",
"view_count": 111
}
|
[] |
68591
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The three characters `巳` and `己` and `已` are visually very similar, but do\nthey have a common etymology or any overlap in terms of semantic content?\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MxqNI.jpg)\n\nAny information would be appreciated.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-31T11:08:11.127",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68593",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-01T08:31:50.583",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"etymology"
],
"title": "Is there a common etymology for the kanji 巳 and 己 and 已?",
"view_count": 354
}
|
[
{
"body": "* 「巳」depicts a type of _snake_. The word that it represents ([Baxter-Sagart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstructions_of_Old_Chinese#Baxter%E2%80%93Sagart_\\(2014\\)) [OC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Chinese): **/*s-[ɢ]əʔ/** , _sixth[earthly branch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthly_Branches)_) is a phonetic loan.\n\n`[商](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang_dynasty) \n[甲](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_bone_script) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/0O8nS.png) \n[甲](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)3915 \n[合集30757](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=30757&jgwfl=)``[西周](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Zhou) \n[金](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_bronze_inscriptions) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ljMUJ.png) \n毛公鼎 \n[集成2841](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=2841&jgwfl=)``[戰國](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warring_States_period)・[楚](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu_\\(state\\)) \n[簡](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamboo_and_wooden_slips) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/tmDZ6.png) \n[郭・成](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/ChuwenziReference)・36 \n``[秦](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qin_dynasty) \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/1xWeG.png) \n[睡](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuihudi_Qin_bamboo_texts)・[日甲](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/QinwenziReference)49 \n``今 \n[楷](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_script) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/LlP4m.png) \n \n`\n\n * 「已」( **/*ɢ(r)əʔ/** , _already_ ) was originally the same character as「巳」, and is also a phonetic loan. Much later on, the two meanings ( _sixth earthly branch_ and _already_ ) were differentiated by writing the character「已」without a fully enclosed loop at the top.\n\n * 「己」is graphically unrelated to the other two, and the original meaning is unclear. The earliest determined usage is for the word **/*k(r)əʔ/** , _sixth[heavenly stem](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavenly_Stems)_. The meaning _self_ is a phonetic loan.\n\n`商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/qgeUJ.png) \n[燕](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)2 \n[合集13399](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=13399&jgwfl=)``西周 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/xacIh.png) \n作冊大方鼎 \n[集成2760](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=2760&jgwfl=)``[春秋](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring_and_Autumn_period) \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Mj81r.png) \n鐘伯侵鼎 \n[集成2668](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=2668&jgwfl=)``戰國・楚 \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/YTiwW.png) \n[包2](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/ChuwenziReference)・245 \n``秦 \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/7tElu.png) \n[睡・日乙32](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/QinwenziReference) \n``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MwMK2.png) \n \n`",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-01T08:31:50.583",
"id": "68607",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-01T08:31:50.583",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "26510",
"parent_id": "68593",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
68593
| null |
68607
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I heard it in the context of a shop staff saying it in anime, but it got me\nthinking about the different ways I might say 'here' in a sentence like 'Do\nyou serve vegetarian meals here?'\n\nここは。。。\n\nこちらは。。。\n\nこの店は。。。\n\n当店は。。。\n\nWould all of these be understood and equally polite? If not, why?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-31T14:25:06.670",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68594",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-31T22:09:15.083",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31273",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"politeness"
],
"title": "Do only shop staff use 当店, or could I use it too to say 'here'?",
"view_count": 132
}
|
[
{
"body": "As a prefix attached to a place, 当【とう】 is basically a formal/polite way to say\n\" **our** ～\". You can use 当 only when you are staff of that place. For\nexample, you can say 当社, 当店, 当会, 当会場, 当施設, 当ウェブサイト and so on, and they mean\n\"our company\", \"our website\" and so on. If you are a visitor, saying 当店 will\nconfuse the shop staff. Instead, you have to say この店, こちらの店 or simply こちら.\n\n> こちらの店にベジタリアン用の料理はありますか？",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-31T22:09:15.083",
"id": "68602",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-31T22:09:15.083",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68594",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
68594
| null |
68602
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm having trouble understanding this person is saying. I understand he is\ncomplaining that someone is late but not much more after that.\n\n> おそいぞ 10時ギリギリか 相変わらずとぼけた奴だぜ",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-31T14:39:42.727",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68595",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-08T09:37:46.387",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-01T06:12:32.010",
"last_editor_user_id": "4091",
"owner_user_id": "31910",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Trouble understanding 相変わらずとぼけた奴",
"view_count": 143
}
|
[
{
"body": "ぎりぎり means just in time, just at the edge. They just barely made it by 10\no'clock. 相変わらず means that the person does this often (arriving late). とぼける\nmeans to be stupid/silly. Btw you can look up all these words in a dictionary.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-31T14:58:58.083",
"id": "68596",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-08T09:37:46.387",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-08T09:37:46.387",
"last_editor_user_id": "22363",
"owner_user_id": "22363",
"parent_id": "68595",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "The easiest way to understand any Japanese sentence you're having trouble with\nis to try to parse it into its constituent parts first.\n\n> おそい late \n> ぞ (emphasis/exclamatory particle) \n> 10時ギリギリ just barely 10 o clock \n> か (rhetorical device) \n> 相変わらず as usual \n> とぼけた (past tense of とぼける) absent-minded \n> 奴 person (informal) \n> だ is/are (copula) \n> ぜ (emphasis/exclamatory particle)\n\nOnce you see the parts laid out like that, it's easier to attempt a\ntranslation. Here's a kind of loose translation of it (since I prefer 意訳 to\n直訳).\n\n> Hurry up! You've just barely made it by 10 o clock, huh? As usual you're\n> such a scatterbrain!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-31T15:08:17.450",
"id": "68597",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-31T15:08:17.450",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"parent_id": "68595",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
68595
| null |
68597
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What does\n\n> 母 **と** 慕う彼女は\n\nmean?\n\nI posted the question on HiNative to no luck and Google Translate is\ndefinitely way off. The use of the と particle has me a bit confused.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-31T16:22:52.240",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68598",
"last_activity_date": "2023-05-16T21:06:10.733",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-01T12:56:49.873",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "34217",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-と"
],
"title": "What does 母と慕う彼女は mean?",
"view_count": 417
}
|
[
{
"body": "The と here means `as/like` in the sense of `A as B` when comparing `A` to `B`.\n~~It's definition 3\nin[デジタル大辞泉](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/154670/meaning/m0u/):\n\n> ３ 比較の基準を表す。「君の―は比べものにならない」「昔―違う」 ~~\n\nIt's definition 4 in\n[デジタル大辞泉](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/154670/meaning/m0u/):\n\n> ４ 動作・状態などの結果を表す。「有罪―決定した」「復讐 (ふくしゅう) の鬼―化した」\n\nBut honestly, I think it feels like it's used similarly to として.\n\nThe clause says `\"she who is respected as a mother\"`",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-31T18:09:58.423",
"id": "68600",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-01T13:52:22.537",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-01T13:52:22.537",
"last_editor_user_id": "10045",
"owner_user_id": "10045",
"parent_id": "68598",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
68598
| null |
68600
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68601",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "最近あるホラーゲームの実況を見ている時、一人の実況者がある段階をクリアした後、笑ってこう言っていました。\n\n> しかも、結構やっぱ、懐中電灯なくても全然暗くないっていう\n\n前にも、一緒にプレイしている相手が何回か「懐中電灯がなくても暗くない」と意外そうに言っていたので、そちらに関連があると思いますが、この「という」の働きはわからないのです。「ということ」「らしい」「と言われる」を意味する文末の「という」は知っているのですが、ここには当てはまるとは思いにくいです。なぜなら、誰かを引用しているとしても、その人は一緒にいる相手なので、少しおかしいのですよね。でしたらどういう働きをしているのですか。\n\n宜しくお願いします。",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-31T17:26:00.267",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68599",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-31T21:47:56.357",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-31T21:42:42.753",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "23869",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"usage",
"colloquial-language",
"particle-と"
],
"title": "伝聞を表さない、文末に来る「という」の働き",
"view_count": 567
}
|
[
{
"body": "They are criticizing, or find it funny that it is 懐中電灯なくても全然暗くない. It's a bit\nlike writing `*shrug*`.\n\nSimilar examples include:\n\n> よりによって今壊れるっていう \n> Out of all possible times, it chooses to break at this very moment\n> `*shrug*`\n\n.\n\n> お前は誰やねんっていう（笑） \n> I was like, who the hell are you lol\n\nIt's an invitation to agree to/sympathize with the speaker. Grammatically\nsomething else is supposed to come after ていう, but it intentionally trails off\n(inviting the listener to fill the rest). Some find it annoying (similar to\nsaying \"I'm like\").",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-05-31T21:47:56.357",
"id": "68601",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-31T21:47:56.357",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "499",
"parent_id": "68599",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
68599
|
68601
|
68601
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The word 心底 has 2 readings which are しんそこ and しんてい. Both seem to be\ninterchangeable with one another. Searching online has this page popping up.\n<https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q10112707945>. To\nquote it directly, the difference is explained as, \"「しんそこ」 は思っている状態、「しんてい」\nは思っているそのこと。\". So to phrase it differently, しんそこ is used to describe a state of\nthinking whereas しんてい is used to emphasize a thing about thinking? Forgive me\nif I got it wrong or misinterpreted it but the answer doesn't really seem to\nexplain the proper usage or reading of the word to me.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-01T00:39:07.333",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68603",
"last_activity_date": "2022-01-23T07:02:15.210",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33362",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"words",
"readings"
],
"title": "What is the correct reading of 心底?",
"view_count": 157
}
|
[
{
"body": "You've included a link to Chiebukuro but that site actually links the more\nhelpful kotobank definitions\n[here](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E5%BF%83%E5%BA%95-538259).\n\nFirst, both readings are correct. It isn't a case of one or the other being\nright or wrong. There _are_ times when Japanese words can have the exact same\nkanji and be read in different ways, with one being considered 'correct' -\nthis is called 慣用読み (\"reading of a word or kanji using its customary\npronunciation (which is not necessarily correct)\" - EDICT). A word like 貼付\nwould be an example of that.\n\nHowever, in the case of 心底, it appears that each reading can convey a slightly\ndifferent semantic nuance. For example, the kotobank definitions list しんそこ as\nreferring to feelings and emotions:\n\n> 心底から感服する to admire someone from the bottom of your heart. _(\n> **feelings/emotion** )_\n\nOn the other hand, しんてい seems to refer the actual thoughts that someone has,\nthoughts that are deeply believed.\n\n> 心底を見抜く to see through to what someone really thinks in their heart. _(\n> **thoughts** )_\n\nIn some ways, the distinction is just academic. I would say that there isn't\nreally much difference between the feelings in your heart and the thoughts\nthat arise from those feelings. It seems like a trivial distinction, in my\nopinion.\n\nIn any case, both readings of 心底 are correct. They convey slightly different\nmeanings, at least according to some sources.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-02T18:22:48.063",
"id": "68624",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-02T18:22:48.063",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"parent_id": "68603",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
68603
| null |
68624
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I've found this expression on a manga and I don't know if the correct\ntranslation be Absolutely strong 絶対強い",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-01T01:22:55.673",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68604",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-01T01:22:55.673",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "23928",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What's the meaning of ぜってーつえー",
"view_count": 169
}
|
[] |
68604
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68608",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Suppose I'm speaking to waitstaff at a restaurant explaining that a diner in\nour party has an allergy. When speaking to someone working at the restaurant,\nwould it be appropriate to refer to such a person as お客様 (seeing as the person\nis not actually my customer), or should they simply be referred to as こちら?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-01T05:21:29.810",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68606",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-01T19:29:11.237",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "816",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"usage"
],
"title": "Referring to a diner in your own party as お客様?",
"view_count": 98
}
|
[
{
"body": "No, it would be weird to refer to your own party as お客様 as it implies it is\nyour customer in that context (so only the waitstaff would use it). Generally,\nyou don't use 尊敬語 to your \"own side\". That said if you need to honor the\nperson (e.g. it is your client), then I would use こちらの方.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-01T19:29:11.237",
"id": "68608",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-01T19:29:11.237",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "499",
"parent_id": "68606",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
68606
|
68608
|
68608
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "What are these Japanese characters?\n\n[looks like 'n'](https://i.stack.imgur.com/DdwpF.jpg)\n\n[looks like 'S'](https://i.stack.imgur.com/dfMNV.jpg)\n\nI have seen these characters in plenty of untranslated manga, but I haven't\nbeen able to find those two letters anywhere.\n\nDoes anyone know what Japanese characters they are supposed to be?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-01T22:52:08.877",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68610",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-04T09:50:29.110",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-02T17:52:51.910",
"last_editor_user_id": "25875",
"owner_user_id": "34230",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "What are these Japanese characters which look like an 'S' and a small 'n'?",
"view_count": 1447
}
|
[
{
"body": "For future reference, I would suggest providing more context for questions.\nWithout the proper context, answers may be less accurate.\n\n> The first one is almost certainly the hiragana り (ri). \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ux7df.jpg)\n\nAs mentioned, more information would be helpful, particularly about the second\none. I will edit my answer if more information is available.\n\n**EDIT:** _See the answer by user34239 for information on the second\ncharacter._",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-02T18:35:17.690",
"id": "68625",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-02T20:05:40.227",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-02T20:05:40.227",
"last_editor_user_id": "25875",
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"parent_id": "68610",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "The \"looks like 'S'\" character is most certainly the vertical writing mode\nvariant form of either:\n\n〜 U+301C WAVE DASH\n\nor:\n\n～ U+FF5E FULLWIDTH TILDE\n\nRefs:\n\n * [Japanese punctuation - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_punctuation#Wave_dash)\n * [Tilde - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilde#Japanese)\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/CoohE.png)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-02T19:25:50.390",
"id": "68626",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-04T09:50:29.110",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-04T09:50:29.110",
"last_editor_user_id": "34239",
"owner_user_id": "34239",
"parent_id": "68610",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
68610
| null |
68626
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In Modern Japanese, one can use \" **がある** ” and \" **がいる** ” to express \"There\nis/are ...\". The existential sentence can be further used to assert the\npresence or existence of something in a particular place: \"\n**[Place]に[Something]がある/がいる** \".\n\nHow to write existential/locational sentence in Classical Japanese?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-01T23:07:15.553",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68611",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-02T21:16:50.050",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34231",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"classical-japanese"
],
"title": "How to write existential/locational sentence in Classical Japanese?",
"view_count": 184
}
|
[
{
"body": "What you're calling existential and locational sentences could be written in a\nnumber of ways in classical Japanese, as in modern; for example, in both CJ\nand MJ there are honorific and humble verbs that can be used. If you just want\na basic, simple equivalent for ある and いる, the classical Japanese verb あり will\ndo for both. It was used with both animate and inanimate subjects, as follows\n(notice the absence of が):\n\nExistential: [someone/something] あり\n\nLocational: [place] に [someone/something] あり\n\nIn practice, of course, あり was often combined with one or more 助動詞.\n\nSome examples:\n\nExistential (animate), from 『竹取{たけとり}物語{ものがたり}』\n\n今{いま}は昔{むかし}、竹取{たけとり}の翁{おきな}といふ者{もの}ありけり。\n\nLocational (inanimate), from 『方丈記{はうぢゃうき}』\n\nまた、麓{ふもと}に一つの柴{しば}の庵{いほり}あり。\n\nLocational (animate) , from 『方丈記{はうぢゃうき}』\n\nかしこに小童{こわらは}あり。\n\nOver time, the verb 居り{をり}, which originally had a different range of meanings\n(including things like \"to be still\" and \"to sit\"), also came to be used as an\nexistential and locational verb with animate subjects – as did 居る{ゐる}, which\nstarted with an even broader range of meanings.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-02T18:04:50.003",
"id": "68623",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-02T21:16:50.050",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-02T21:16:50.050",
"last_editor_user_id": "33934",
"owner_user_id": "33934",
"parent_id": "68611",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
68611
| null |
68623
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68633",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In a manual about welding I encountered the following sentences:\n\n> (3)FSWを行う継手について，表面(A)に垂直な直線(B) **を作画**\n>\n> (4)表面(A)から距離440mm位置の直線(B)上の点(C) **を作画**\n\nI am not sure if を作画 means \"Drawing of the straight line...\" or if it means\n\"Draw the straight line\". Does it refer to the drawings on the right or is it\ntelling to draw and する has just been omitted? Since there is を, I think it is\ntelling to perform the action of drawing. To mean \"Drawing of...\" there should\nbe **の** 作画, right?\n\nSince I also encountered を算出, を決定 and similar expressions, could you confirm\nthat in instruction manuals these kind of expressions placed at the end of\nsentences are always telling to perform the action indicated by the noun with\nthe omission of する? Or can they be plain nouns meaning \"calculation of...,\ndetermination of..., drawing of...\"? Thank you for your help!\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ozeto.jpg)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-02T03:25:59.160",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68613",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-03T01:38:49.947",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "17797",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"particle-を"
],
"title": "Meaning of を作画 at the end of sentence",
"view_count": 110
}
|
[
{
"body": "Yes, since this 作画 is used with ～を, it's a verb. Omission of する happens all\nthe time in a manual like this.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-03T01:38:49.947",
"id": "68633",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-03T01:38:49.947",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68613",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
68613
|
68633
|
68633
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68652",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "My friend and I are making sentences from English to Japanese.\n\nWe are trying to turn this sentence into Japanese:\n\n> I think he's 23 years old, I'm not sure however.\n\nWe came up with:\n\n> 思う彼は23歳。分かりませんだけど。\n>\n> Omou kare wa 23sai. Wakarimasen dakedo.\n\nand\n\n> 思う彼は23歳だけど、分かりません。\n>\n> Omou kare wa 23sai dakedo, wakarimasen.\n\nWhich of these sentences are grammatically correct? If both were wrong, what\nwould be the correct way to say it in Japanese?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-02T06:50:39.150",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68615",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-03T23:43:27.350",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "34017",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"english-to-japanese",
"grammar"
],
"title": "Which Japanese sentence is grammatically correct?",
"view_count": 175
}
|
[
{
"body": "There are quite a few ways you could go about phrasing this, depending on the\nnuance/context, but pretty plainly:\n\n彼は２３歳だと思うけど、わからない。 (lit. I think he is 23 years old, but I don't know.)\n\nThe 思う has to come at the end of the phrase; in your examples, it modifies the\n彼, which would mean \"he who thinks\" or similar.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-03T23:43:27.350",
"id": "68652",
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"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33435",
"parent_id": "68615",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
68615
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68652
|
68652
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68617",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was trying to express the word snacks, which my friend shared with me that\nit is called \"おやつ\", or \"お八つ”。 I subsequently found the related expression of\n\"やつどき\", or \"八つ時”。\n\na) What is this system of telling time which talks about this 8th hour? Is it\nstill used or relevant?\n\nb) why are snacks called \"お八つ”? Are there other commonly used terms?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-02T07:03:35.317",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68616",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-02T08:28:06.213",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33870",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"time",
"food"
],
"title": "What is the origin of おやつ and やつどき?",
"view_count": 122
}
|
[
{
"body": "The \"eight\" in お八つ/八つ時 refers to the fact that in traditional Japanese\ntimekeeping, the time between 1pm and 3pm (prime snack time) was signalled by\neight strikes of a bell.\n\nAccording to the [Wiki\narticle](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E6%99%82%E8%BE%B0)\nabout the traditional timekeeping system, the number of strikes corresponded\nto the length of a length of incense which was lit at noon and midnight. Every\ntwo hours, the length would decrease by one, so dusk (5pm) was reckoned as 6,\nand two time periods (i.e. four hours) before that would be 8.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-02T08:28:06.213",
"id": "68617",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-02T08:28:06.213",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "816",
"parent_id": "68616",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
68616
|
68617
|
68617
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68632",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "日本人の小学生向けの[ちびまる子ちゃんの満点ゲットシリーズの文法教室](https://www.amazon.co.jp/%E3%81%A1%E3%81%B3%E3%81%BE%E3%82%8B%E5%AD%90%E3%81%A1%E3%82%83%E3%82%93%E3%81%AE%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95%E6%95%99%E5%AE%A4-%E6%BA%80%E7%82%B9%E3%82%B2%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%82%B7%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA-%E3%81%A1%E3%81%B3%E3%81%BE%E3%82%8B%E5%AD%90%E3%81%A1%E3%82%83%E3%82%93-%E8%B2%9D%E7%94%B0-%E6%A1%83%E5%AD%90/dp/4083140569/ref=sr_1_9?keywords=%E6%BA%80%E7%82%B9%E3%82%B2%E3%83%83%E3%83%88&qid=1559461677&s=gateway&sr=8-9)という本を読んでいるんですけれども、\n\nIn the chapter on 助詞, under the meanings of の, I found these two sentences\nused as examples of the いわゆる「並列」の使い方・働き:\n\n> 死ぬの生きるのと騒ぐほどではない。\n\nand\n\n> どうの、こうのとうるさい。\n\nNow, I'm guessing どうの、こうの is the same as the どうのこうの mentioned\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/61932/ambiguity-\nof-%E3%81%A9%E3%81%86%E3%81%93%E3%81%86) and\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/62001/what-is-the-meaning-\nof-%E3%81%A9%E3%81%86%E3%81%AE), but I'm more interested in the first sentence\n(although I'd like to call attention to the fact that どうの and こうの are\nseparated in the above sentence).\n\nI don't fully understand the function of の here. I've searched all over, but\nit seems to be such a niche usage that, unless I suck at Googling and\nsearching stackexchange, a decent explanation just won't come up. All my book\nsays about this function is:\n\n> 並列（二つのことを並べて示す）\n\nI'm thinking this usage might be this definition in 広辞苑第六版, but I'm not sure:\n\n> 2.(並立助詞)(室町時代以後の用法)\n>\n\n>>\n1.事物を並べあげて問題にする。同類を集めたり、反対のものを比較したりする。史記抄「日本には、裳―、ひの袴―なんどと云て」。浄瑠璃、大経師昔暦「宿賃―、米―、味噌―と算用したら」。「貸した―借りない―と言いあっていた」「行く―行かない―、迷って決められない」\n\n>>\n\n>> 2.ある活用語とその否定形とを重ねて上の語の意味を強める。「いやもう、面白い―面白くない―って」「走った―走らない―、ものすごい勢いだった」\n\nSo my questions are:\n\n 1. Could a native speaker please rewrite these two sentences for me, replacing the の with another, perhaps longer/more common pattern so I can see what other patterns this is equivalent to/what this is an abbreviation of? This is what I'm most interested in.\n 2. Can someone give me a better explanation of when/what situation you would use の like this?\n 3. When do you use と in this pattern, and when do you not? And which use of と is it? Is it the quotative? Is it the「そうすると」の「と」？\n 4. If there are cases where you don't need と、could someone give me a 自然な例文 where you would use の in this way but without と (without using どうのこうの, please; if you want, I'd appreciate a less idiomatic example like 死ぬの生きるの or anything else)? \n 5. How common is this use of の, really? Is it usually only found in a certain type of text, like old writing, or certain idioms?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-02T08:41:59.137",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68618",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-03T01:29:39.577",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-03T00:49:10.080",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "27987",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-の",
"particle-と"
],
"title": "Meaning of の in the の、の と pattern (どうのこうの)",
"view_count": 605
}
|
[
{
"body": "This ～の～の roughly translates to \"such things like ～ and ～\", and it's a way to\nlist two or more things with a certain **negative feeling**. It often implies\nthe listed items are unimportant, meaningless and/or annoying, just as when\nyou'd use \"told to do _this or that_ \".\n[～だの～だの](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/25554/5010) is similar and often\ninterchangeable with this ～の～の. (～だの～だの can be used with nouns, adjectives and\nverbs, whereas ～の～の cannot be used with nouns)\n\nと after ～の～の is a \"quotative-like\" particle explained\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/68132/5010). This と can be omitted\nbecause ～の～の can work also like an adverb, especially in idiomatic cases like\nどうのこうの and なんのかの. In non-idiomatic cases like 死ぬの生きるの, it's probably safer to\npreserve this と.\n\nSo the following four sentences have the same meaning:\n\n> 死ぬの生きるのと騒ぐほどではない。 \n> 死ぬだの生きるだのと騒ぐほどではない。 \n> 死ぬの生きるの騒ぐほどではない。 (less common) \n> 死ぬだの生きるだの騒ぐほどではない。\n\nWith this (だ)の, the speaker implies that talking about the possibility of\ndeath is meaningless.\n\n～の～の is widely used in almost any situations including casual conversations,\nbut it's obviously not common in formal business text because of its negative\nnature.\n\nLastly, `adjective + のなんの` has a special derivative meaning. 面白いの何の means \"a\nquestion of whether it's funny is meaningless\", which effectively means\n\"beyond funny\". See: [Why does ～なんてもんじゃない / ～のなんのって mean\nとても？](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/6879/5010)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-03T01:24:24.950",
"id": "68632",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-03T01:29:39.577",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-03T01:29:39.577",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68618",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
68618
|
68632
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68632
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68631",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> **もともとイラスト畑の人間なので** 、全体の流れよりも \n> 1コマごとの絵に意識が持っていかれる事が多くて大変でした。 \n> 1コマ描くのに一日かかったのもあったりして....\n>\n> 漫画って難しいですね！\n>\n> それでは、この本を手に取ってくださり まことにありがとうございました！\n\nI'm having a hard time understanding the sentence in bold. What does it mean?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-02T09:23:40.837",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68619",
"last_activity_date": "2020-12-29T01:32:03.390",
"last_edit_date": "2020-12-29T01:32:03.390",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "27764",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What's the meaning of a sentence by a manga author? 「もともとイラスト畑の人間なので...」",
"view_count": 180
}
|
[
{
"body": "This ～畑の actually simply means \"(in) the field of ～\", where this \"field\"\nrefers to fields of expertise/business rather than fields of vegetables. It's\na fairly slangy way of saying someone's specialty. Of course a mangaka needs\nto draw much more pictures than an illustrator.\n\n> もともとイラスト畑の人間なので \n> Originally I specialized in illustrations, so ... \n> Originally I was doing business as an illustrator, so ...",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-03T00:44:33.917",
"id": "68631",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-03T01:48:21.097",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-03T01:48:21.097",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68619",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
68619
|
68631
|
68631
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68621",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm reading a japanese manga and the boy didn't want to get away from his\nsenpai, he told senpai that and senpai thought was having a monologue\n\"離れている間\".\n\nThankyou for taking your time reading this.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-02T10:10:02.460",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68620",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-02T14:24:21.243",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34192",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"readings",
"japanese-to-english"
],
"title": "Meaning of 離れている間 and how do I read it, please?",
"view_count": 158
}
|
[
{
"body": "Probably that means 'While I'm away'.\n\nNot 100% sure. You should give the whole sentence.\n\n離れている間 is pronounced 'Hanareteiru aida'.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-02T14:24:21.243",
"id": "68621",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-02T14:24:21.243",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34119",
"parent_id": "68620",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
68620
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68621
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68621
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "While reading manga a character stole a power from another guy and said:\n\n> ちょっとこいつの力を試してみたくてな。\n\nI wonder what's the use of the て-form in みたい?. What would be the difference\nwith こいつの力を試してみたいな",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-02T21:24:28.093",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68627",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-03T00:33:44.800",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "28060",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"て-form"
],
"title": "What's the use of the て-form in this sentence?",
"view_count": 99
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's an example of [te-form for reason](https://www.learn-japanese-\nadventure.com/te-form-cause-reason.html), but the subsequent part (\"I'm doing\nthis\" or \"I stole this power\") is omitted because it can be inferred from the\ncontext. In short, this te-form means \"because\".\n\n * 試す: to try it\n * 試してみる: to try it and see what happens (みる is a subsidiary verb explained [here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/19038/5010))\n * 試してみたい: to want to try it and see what happens\n * 試してみたく **て** : **cuz** I wanna try it and see what happens",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-03T00:33:44.800",
"id": "68630",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-03T00:33:44.800",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68627",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
68627
| null |
68630
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68629",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> わたしは畳の上で正座したが、僧侶の指示で[結跏趺坐]{けっかふざ}に組み直した。[胡座]{あぐら}から両方の足の甲を腿の上に載せるポーズである。\n> **瞑想をして、心を落ち着けなさいということらしい** 。\n\nWhat does the last part mean? Does it mean \"Apparently (by telling me to sit\nin the lotus position) the monk was telling me to meditate and calm my heart\"?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-02T22:45:23.430",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68628",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-03T00:23:23.247",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "902",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of ～なさいということらしい in this context",
"view_count": 100
}
|
[
{
"body": "Your understanding is correct. ～ということらしい roughly translates to \"It seems to\nmean ～\", and \"瞑想をして心を落ち着けなさい\" is the quote, i.e., what the narrator thought\nthe monk was saying.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-03T00:23:23.247",
"id": "68629",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-03T00:23:23.247",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68628",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
68628
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68629
|
68629
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68636",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> はたから見て、俗な言い方をすれば、自分は、 **淫売婦に依って女の修行をして** 、しかも、最近めっきり腕をあげ、女の修行は、\n> **淫売婦に依るのが一ばん厳しく** 、 **またそれだけに効果のあがるものだそうで**\n> 、既に自分には、あの、「女達者」という匂いがつきまとい、女性は、（淫売婦に限らず）本能に依ってそれを嗅ぎ当て寄り添って来る、そのような、卑猥で不名誉な雰囲気を、「おまけの附録」としてもらって、そうしてそのほうが、自分の休養などよりも、ひどく目立ってしまっているらしいのでした。\n\nI am confused about the parts marked in the bold.\n\n> ...淫売婦に依って女の修行をして ...\n\nCan I translate 「女の修行」as 'learning about women' ?\n\n> ... 淫売婦に依るのが一ばん厳しく、またそれだけに効果のあがるものだそうで ...\n\nWhat does「依る」signify here ? I understood this as 'according' (to the\nprostitutes)\n\nWould the above be a close to correct translation of the block of Japanese\ntext ?\n\n> My translation for the above sentence If you look closely, to put it in\n> layman terms, the prostitutes thought I was learning about women. On top of\n> that, I got remarkably good recently. According to the prostitutes, learning\n> about women from prostitutes is a really difficult thing in itself but\n> getting good only through that was quite something. Soon, I was getting\n> followed by women. As if by instinct (not limited to prostitutes), women\n> would sniff me out and try to get close to me. That kind of indecent and\n> shameful atmosphere was so called \"service\" from them. It was more of an\n> eyesore than a break to get away from it all.\n\nThank you :)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-03T02:47:03.567",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68635",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-03T04:34:11.223",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18021",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning"
],
"title": "What does this sentence from Dazai Osamu's 「人間失格」 containing 「女の修行」 mean?",
"view_count": 658
}
|
[
{
"body": "\"Learning about woman\" is not far but sounds a little too indirect to me. In\nthis context 女の修行 directly refers to learning how to sleep with women. ～に依って\nis \"relying/based on ～\", and here it signifies his knowledge and experience\nabout women is based on prostitutes. はたから見て is \"seen from outside\" or \"from\nthe standpoint of others\".\n\nThe basic structure of this long sentence is like this. Keep in mind that 自分\n(progagonist) is the topic of the whole sentence, and らしいのでした relates to\nalmost everything before it in this sentence.\n\n> はたから見て、俗な言い方をすれば、 \n> Seen from the outside and put in a slangy way,\n>\n> 自分は \n> as for myself:\n>\n> 1. 淫売婦に依って女の修行をして、 \n> (I) learned how to sleep with women {using/relying on} prostitutes,\n> 2. しかも、最近めっきり腕をあげ、 \n> (I) even got remarkably good (about women) recently,\n> 3. 既に自分には、あの、「女達者」という匂いがつきまとい、 \n> (I) already got that aura of \"playboy\" sticking to me,\n> 4. 女性は、（淫売婦に限らず）本能に依ってそれを嗅ぎ当て寄り添って来る、そのような、卑猥で不名誉な雰囲気を、「おまけの附録」としてもらって、 \n> (I), as an \"extra bonus\", gained the lewd and dishonorable atmosphere that\n> makes women (not limited to prostitutes) sniff me and try to get close to me\n> by instinct,\n> 5. そうしてそのほうが、自分の休養などよりも、ひどく目立ってしまっている \n> and this (rumor) ended up being better known than my recuperation itself\n>\n\n>\n> らしいのでした。 \n> ...seemed to be the case.\n\nAnd \"女の修行は、淫売婦に依るのが一ばん厳しく、またそれだけに効果のあがるものだそうで\" is a parenthetical aside, i.e.,\nyou can read this part as if it were in parentheses. It means \"--learning how\nto sleep with women is said to be the hardest but thus the most efficient if\nyou rely on prostitutes--\".\n\nAlso note that these \"aura of playboy\" and such are not something the\nprotagonist was aware of. Everything between 自分は and らしい (1-5) is what others\nare rumoring about him. He was unaware of such a reputation, and that's why he\nsaid 堀木にそれを指摘せられいやな気が致しました.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-03T03:50:20.783",
"id": "68636",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-03T04:34:11.223",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-03T04:34:11.223",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68635",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
}
] |
68635
|
68636
|
68636
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68640",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> リビングが広いのはいいと思うけど、駐車場が付いてた方がいい **んじゃない** かな。\n\n\"Although I like it that the living room is spacious, I guess an attached\nparking space _would be great_.\" Do I understand the sentence right?\n\nWhy is んじゃない used here?\n\nCan we say \"...駐車場が付いてた方がいいでしょう\" to mean the same thing?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-03T04:13:41.163",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68637",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-03T11:10:55.767",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31549",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "The construction with んじゃないかな",
"view_count": 437
}
|
[
{
"body": "`んじゃないかな` is softer than `いいでしょう`. For example, suppose I'm talking to a\nsenpai of me with whom I can use タメ語 because we are very close. I would still\navoid saying `駐車場が付いてた方がいいでしょう` because it implies I'm pretty sure it should\nhave a parking (and insult the senpai by suggesting I can be pretty sure about\na topic which he cannot be). `駐車場が付いてた方がいいんじゃないかな` would be a suggestion\n(\"maybe a parking wouldn't hurt?\") and hence avoids this potential offence.\n\nIn a different context, your phrase is perfectly valid. For example, a MIL may\nsay: \"リビングが広いのはいいと思うけど、駐車場が付いてた方がいいでしょう\" because it is accepted that MILs can\ngenerally make better decisions because of their seniority (life experience).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-03T11:10:55.767",
"id": "68640",
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68637
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68640
|
68640
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "68645",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "> 漢字の辞書を買おうと思っています。\n>\n> (I am going to buy a kanji dictionary) (decision already made)\n>\n> _from \"Genki 2\"_\n\nSo, we use the volitional form + と思っています to talk not about spontaneous\ndecisions but those which we have already made.\n\nDo the sentences below mean exactly the same?\n\n> 漢字の辞書を買おうと思っています。\n>\n> 漢字の辞書を買うつもりです。",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-03T06:18:32.090",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68638",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-06T00:34:33.527",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "31549",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning"
],
"title": "Talking about what we are going to do",
"view_count": 156
}
|
[
{
"body": "Good question. It is a bit difficult to say that they are \"exactly the same\"\nbut almost the same.\n\nBoth express the persistent intention. The former is by 思っている and the latter\nis by the word つもり, which is derived from つもる.\n\nSome say the latter is a bit stronger.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-03T15:14:34.710",
"id": "68643",
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{
"body": "I feel there is a nontrivial difference.\n\n買おうと思っている is closer to \"I'm thinking of buying it\". There is perhaps a 70-80%\nchance of buying it, but you are still _thinking_ , and you may reconsider it\nlater.\n\n買うつもりだ is close to \"I'm going to buy it\". It means you currently have no\ndoubts about your plan, and you will buy it unless something very unusual\nhappens.\n\nI know my explanation doesn't align with your textbook's translation, but this\nis how I feel.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-03T16:25:11.197",
"id": "68645",
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"score": 5
},
{
"body": "Also, the decision which one to use may relate to where the the intention/plan\ncame from.\n\nAt least if someone has recommended you should buy a kanji dictionary, and\nasks you afterwards if you bought it, 買うつもり would be more natural (e.g. in\n買うつもりですがまだです。), as using と思います might sound like you are not giving the person\nthe proper credit for having given you the recommendation.\n\nOn the other hand, if you e.g. tell your friend that you have an intention to\nbuy one, and want to ask his/her opinion, 買おうと思ってます might be better (e.g.\n漢字の辞書を買おうと思っていますが、アマゾンで売ってないかな。), although I guess here つもり would be quite OK,\ntoo.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-06-06T00:34:33.527",
"id": "68689",
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] |
68638
|
68645
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68645
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Today, I read one grammar and it explained \"前件で結果、後件で理由を言う\"\n\nI'm not sure what で functions here. In my opinion I translate 前件で結果 into\n\"Summarize by the previous thing\" I think する is omitted from 結果 （結果する）\n\nAnd this \"、\" I don't know what this means. Is this same as \"and\" in English ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-03T13:34:52.137",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68641",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-03T14:51:59.907",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "32181",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"particle-で"
],
"title": "で in a structure",
"view_count": 80
}
|
[
{
"body": "That particle's function is to specify location. And yes - that comma means\n\"and' or like juxtaposition. So the step-by-step translation is like:\n\n前件で結果、後件で理由を言う\n\n→ in the former: 結果; in the latter: 理由 を言う\n\n→ the result in the former; the reason in the latter, it says.\n\n→ It says the result in the former, then the reason in the latter.\n\nThanks for learning Japanese!",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-03T14:51:59.907",
"id": "68642",
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"score": 3
}
] |
68641
| null |
68642
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In an article about quality control, I found the following expression:\n\n> 検査頻度: **全数**\n\nI read in the dictionary that 全数 means \"total, complete\". Since we are talking\nabout frequency, I thought it could be interpreted as \"every time\" in this\ncase, but it doesn't make sense to me. Does it simply mean \"often\" or \"high\"?\n\nI don't know if this can be of any help, but later in the article it is also\nused inside a sentence (UT and PT are types of inspections):\n\n> No.１側構体の車外側は **全数** 全線のＵＴ，ＰＴを行うことを原則とする．\n\nThank you for your help!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-03T17:45:03.673",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68647",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-04T01:56:21.567",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "17797",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"words",
"adverbs",
"time"
],
"title": "Meaning of 全数 when talking about frequency",
"view_count": 98
}
|
[
{
"body": "全数 clearly means \"all\", and 全数検査 means everything is subject to inspection.\nThe opposing concept is 標本調査/検査 (\"sampling survey\"), where only a random\nsubset of the target will be inspected. \"Every time\" may also be a valid\ntranslation depending on what they are checking.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-04T01:33:27.957",
"id": "68654",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-06-04T01:56:21.567",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
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68647
| null |
68654
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "68651",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I’m reading a story, and in it 2 students are talking about a teacher. One\nsays, ね、榎本先生ってさ。。。 男子にエロ本って呼ばれてるらしいよ。This is followed by a scene where the\nboys were caught with a prön mag, and the teacher telling them they have to be\nmore careful about it. She later confronts him about it saying,\n先生はエロ本って呼ばれてるじゃん。\n\nI have no clue how to interpret this usage of 呼ばれてる as I’m certain it can’t\nmean “call” as that wouldn’t make sense.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-03T22:54:00.563",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68650",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-06-04T08:41:28.023",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "27720",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"passive-voice"
],
"title": "What does 呼ばれてる mean in this context?",
"view_count": 449
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think this in fact something that the boys have been calling this teacher\n(presumably behind his back), as a kind of pun on his name, 榎本{えのもと}. (They\nare deliberately mispronouncing the first character as エロ instead of えの.)\n\nEdited to add: The above answer was premised on the assumption that you\nunderstood the grammar but thought 呼ぶ must have some meaning other than \"call\"\nbecause you couldn't understand why the boys would be calling the teacher such\nan odd thing. Since Chocolate has suggested in a comment that it might be the\nuse of the passive voice that's throwing you off, I'll just add that 呼ばれてる\ndoesn't mean \"call,\" but \"is being called.\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-03T23:14:55.947",
"id": "68651",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-04T18:31:10.713",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-04T18:31:10.713",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "> 榎本先生ってさ。。。 男子にエロ本って呼ばれてるらしいよ。\n\n(Though I'm not sure where your confusion comes from...) Let me break it down\nto smaller parts:\n\n榎本先生って -- \"As for Mr. Enomoto... / Mr. Enomoto is...\" (≂「榎本先生は」) \n(The って is the colloquial version of the topic particle は) \nさ -- filler \n男子に -- \"by boys / by male students\" \nエロ本って -- \"as エロ本\" (≂「エロ本と」) \n(The って is the colloquial version of particle と) \n呼ばれてる -- contracted pronunciation of 呼ばれて **い** る. \n(呼ばれている is the progressive form of 呼ばれる. 呼ばれる is the passive form of 呼ぶ.) \nらしい -- \"It seems like... / I hear that...\" \nよ -- sentence ending particle\n\nThe basic structure of this sentence is:\n\n> XはYにZと呼ばれているらしい。 \n> I hear that X is called Z by Y. \n> 榎本先生は男子にエロ本と呼ばれているらしい。 \n> I hear that Mr. Enomoto is called エロ本 by boys.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-04T00:14:11.027",
"id": "68653",
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"owner_user_id": "9831",
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"score": 0
}
] |
68650
|
68651
|
68651
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68658",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "# Japanese\n\n一般的に、「単行本」という単語は連載している漫画の数章分をまとめて、本として、出版するものですが、大学教員の募集に\n\n> 3)論文2編（主論文1編と参考論文1編とし、その別を必ず明記する。刊行された論文であること。単行本、修士論文、博士論文は不可。論文はコピーでも可。）\n\nと書いてありました。修士論文と博士論文の意味はわかりますが、単行本はこの場面で、どのような意味になりますか。それは複数著者が一章ずつを書くものですか。また、他のものを表しているのですか。\n\n# English\n\nNormally _tankobon_ refers to a published volume from a manga that appears in\na weekly, but I saw the following sentence in a job application for a\nuniversity position:\n\n> 3)論文2編（主論文1編と参考論文1編とし、その別を必ず明記する。刊行された論文であること。単行本、修士論文、博士論文は不可。論文はコピーでも可。）\n\nI understand they are saying no MA or PhD theses, but I'm not grasping what\nthey mean here by \"tankobon\". Does it mean a book with chapters written by\ndifferent authors published together or is it referring to something else?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-04T04:58:19.220",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68656",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-04T09:39:38.587",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "4091",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"academic-japanese"
],
"title": "大学教員の公募にでる「単行本」の意味",
"view_count": 175
}
|
[
{
"body": "学術分野ですので、基本的には「ジャーナルに掲載された論文ではなく、最初から書籍や冊子の形で発表されたもの」という理解でよいと思います。この基準は特に、自費出版による論文集・研究書・エッセイ集のような、正当な査読を経ていない出版物を除外するためのものでしょう。主に単著の書籍を指しているのだと思いますが、共著の教科書のようなものも単行本です。具体的には[こういうもの](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worlds_in_Collision)や[こういうもの](https://books.google.com/books/about/?id=N1Gcfdj81T4C)が、学術的業績とは認められない「単行本」の例だと思います。\n\n一般的には、新聞で連載された小説をまとめたものや、最初から本の形で出版するために書かれたもの（書き下ろし）も単行本の一種です。例えば「ハリー・ポッターと賢者の石」は（書き下ろしの）単行本と言えます。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-04T05:24:08.657",
"id": "68658",
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"score": 4
}
] |
68656
|
68658
|
68658
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "68661",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "1. **さあ** 、お茶をどうぞ。\n 2. **それじゃ** 、おやすみなさい。\n\nAs far as I understand, both さあ and それじゃ mean quite similar things: well,\nthen; alright; well now.\n\nIn sentence 1 above, would it be correct to use それじゃ instead of さあ (alright,\nhere is your tea)? And would さあ be OK in sentence 2 (OK, let's sleep/OK,\ngoodnight)?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-04T07:02:47.250",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68659",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-04T09:43:10.003",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-04T07:06:08.190",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "31549",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"interjections"
],
"title": "The use of さあ and それじゃ",
"view_count": 1164
}
|
[
{
"body": "Saying さあ means you are expecting the listener to do or start something in\nresponse, like \"hey\" or \"come on\". So \"さあ、おやすみなさい\" would sound like you're\nurging someone, like \"Hey, time to go to bed!\" If you just want to add the\nnuance of \"okay\" or \"now\", それじゃ/じゃあ/それでは/では is the correct choice.\n\nそれじゃ/じゃあ/それでは/では is used to indicate it's time to go (back) to an\nimportant/original topic after desultory chatting, silence, greeting, etc. For\nexample, saying \"それじゃ、お茶をどうぞ\" is fine when:\n\n 1. you've been chatting with your guest for a while with a teapot in your hand\n 2. the tea itself is the main purpose of the gathering\n\nBut if you said it in an inappropriate situation, it would sound puzzling, and\nyour guest might wonder if the tea has some special meaning. (それじゃ/etc also\nmeans \"in which case\", but that's not relevant now.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-04T07:35:41.067",
"id": "68661",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-04T09:43:10.003",
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68659
|
68661
|
68661
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "68671",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> -あっ、トロが来た。\n>\n> -トロ **って** 何ですか。\n\nI have read that って is the equivalent of the topic marker は. (is これって何ですか just\nas natural as これは何ですか？)\n\nAre there situations when we can't use って instead of は？",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-04T07:16:01.987",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68660",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-05T08:56:57.427",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "31549",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"particles",
"particle-は"
],
"title": "って as the equivalent of は",
"view_count": 301
}
|
[
{
"body": "「って 」is an informal equivalent of 「というのは」.Therefore, it is used in the same\nsituations than 「という」in spoken spoken language rather than written.\n\n> トロって何ですか トロというのは何ですか \"What doesトロ mean?\" or \"What is トロ?\"\n\nWhen using informal speech, the は particle is sometimes ommitted, and that's\nwhy you don't see it in your sentence either.\n\nIn this case, というのは indicates the meaning of A, so AというのはB, is asking for the\nmeaning of A, but というのは has also other usages. See it\n[here](https://japanesetest4you.com/flashcard/learn-\njlpt-n3-grammar-%E3%81%A8%E3%81%84%E3%81%86%E3%81%AE%E3%81%AF-to-iu-no-wa/).\n\nEDIT: turns out that some fonts refer to って as the equivalent of は as well.\nHowever, my knowlegde on this is limited.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-05T03:37:19.400",
"id": "68671",
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68660
|
68671
|
68671
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "> -どうしましたか。\n>\n> -せきが出ます。\n\nApparently, this is a dialogue between a doctor and a patient. The doctor\nsays, \" **What is the problem?** \" and the patient answers, \"I have a cough.\"\n\nHow could we naturally say \" **what is your problem?** \" talking to a person\nwho is acting strange? (What's your problem? - used for asking someone in a\nthreatening way why they are behaving in a way that you do not like or approve\nof (Macmillan Dictionary)). For example:\n\n> I have thrown away all the old photographs. - What's your problem? Those\n> were my photos too!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-04T07:38:26.453",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68662",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-10T23:40:25.813",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "31549",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"expressions",
"slang"
],
"title": "What's your problem? in Japanese",
"view_count": 954
}
|
[
{
"body": "There is a phrase used to threaten in the context of a conflict. In media, you\nmight hear people exchange with:\n\n> どうした？文句｛もんく｝あるのか。\n\nHowever, these are words that are exchanged when direct, maybe physical,\nconflict is bound to occur.\n\nIn the case of your example, I'm afraid that doesn't work as well. At least\nfrom my understanding, you can just skip over that and ask why they did that\naction with a very direct tone, and that will get the point across. Contrast\nthese two reply examples:\n\n> **Passive**\n>\n> でも僕の写真でもあったのに。 \n> But those were also my pictures. (lit. There were also pictures of mine\n> there)\n>\n> _raising a passive complaint_\n>\n> **Aggressive**\n>\n> どうして捨てたんだよ？！ 僕の写真でもあったぞ！ \n> Why did you toss them?! Those pictures were also mine!\n>\n> _people generally avoid direct confrontation, so directly calling out an\n> action already carries the feel of saying \"What's your problem?\" without\n> saying it._\n\nYou could really emphasize it by ending your sentence with some sort of\nemphatic remark like おかしいよ、君。 This remark might actually be the \"What's your\nproblem?\" that you're looking for, but it doesn't mean that in a literal\nsense, however. The phrase does not translate well into Japanese.\n\nEDIT: Thanks to Chocolate and l'électeur (as usual) for the assist.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-04T21:58:48.823",
"id": "68668",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-10T18:20:05.193",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-10T18:20:05.193",
"last_editor_user_id": "21684",
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"parent_id": "68662",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "If you just mean the part \"what is your problem\" part of the photo disposal\npart, I guess: (assuming the person is acting delibaretly knowing the you\ndon't want the photos to be destroyed, and he/she therefore doing it)\n何（を）やってるの？ or (simply to state your \"disapproval\"): いいかげにしろ！",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-05T13:38:25.250",
"id": "68679",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-05T13:38:25.250",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34261",
"parent_id": "68662",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "> What's your problem? - used for asking someone in a threatening way why they\n> are behaving in a way that you do not like or approve of.\n\nI think you can say...\n\n> 何か気に[入]{い}らないことでも あるの/あるわけ/あるのか？ \n> 何が 気に入らないの/気に入らないんだよ？ \n> 何か文句でも あるの/あるわけ/あるのか？ \n> （いったい）なんなの / なんなんだよ！？ \n> どういうつもり / なんのつもり（だよ）！？ \n> 何考えてんの / 何考えてんだよ！？ \n> 頭おかしいんじゃない の/のか！？\n\netc... depending on the context.\n\n> I have thrown away all the old photographs. - What's your problem? Those\n> were my photos too!\n\nHow about...\n\n> 「古い写真全部捨てといたし。」 \n> --「はぁ！？どういうつもり（だよ）！？自分だけのもんじゃ ないでしょ/ねーだろ！」",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-10T10:01:07.197",
"id": "68784",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-10T23:40:25.813",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-10T23:40:25.813",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "68662",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
68662
| null |
68668
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68666",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I know that _kaizen_ means _improvement_ in Japanese, and although it's mainly\nused for work / business improvement, I understood its not restricted mainly\nfor business.\n\nFrom a basic Google translate, looks like _Jiko_ means _self_. I don't know\nabout Japanese, but the logic of other languages tells me that _Jiko Kaizen_\nwould mean _self improvement_.\n\nIs it true?\n\nThanks!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-04T08:39:59.717",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68663",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-05T13:42:07.250",
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"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34251",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "How do you say \"self improvement\"?",
"view_count": 2769
}
|
[
{
"body": "Yes, 自己改善 (じこかいぜん in hiragana, _jiko kaizen_ in romaji) is a valid literal\ntranslation. But if you mean self-improvement suggested by books like\n[this](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_7_Habits_of_Highly_Effective_People)\nor [this](https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/B00KK0PICK), the\nbetter-known word for this concept is\n自己[啓発](https://jisho.org/search/%E5%95%93%E7%99%BA) (じこけいはつ in hiragana, _jiko\nkeihatsu_ in romaji).",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-04T16:18:57.473",
"id": "68666",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-04T16:18:57.473",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68663",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
},
{
"body": "Maybe more about self-development, but maybe 成長（せいちょう）",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-05T13:42:07.250",
"id": "68680",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-05T13:42:07.250",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34261",
"parent_id": "68663",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
68663
|
68666
|
68666
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68665",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 言われるままを払った\n\n\"I paid as I was told to\" Wouldn't it be 言われるままで払った? Are both correct? I mean\ntheres not something called to way I was told that you can pay with right?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-04T15:40:17.730",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68664",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-04T16:03:34.237",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-04T15:53:34.270",
"last_editor_user_id": "34172",
"owner_user_id": "34172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particle-で"
],
"title": "Help with understanding the use of を in this sentece",
"view_count": 407
}
|
[
{
"body": "When まま means \"as-is\" or \"without modification\", まま can work as a noun, a no-\nadjective and an adverb. You cannot say まま **で** :\n\n\"to pay as told\"\n\n * 言われるまま **を** 払う: OK\n * 言われるまま **に** 払う: OK\n * 言われるまま払う: OK\n * *言われるまま **で** 払う: wrong\n\n\"to speak as one feels\" / \"to describe one's feelings as-is\"\n\n * 感じたまま **を** 話す: OK\n * 感じたまま **に** 話す: OK\n * 感じたまま話す: OK\n * *感じたまま **で** 話す: wrong\n\n(～た)まま **で** can be used when a certain state persists for a while:\n\n * 座ったまま **で** 動かない\n * 座ったまま動かない\n * 様子を見に行ったまま **で** 連絡がない\n * 様子を見に行ったまま連絡がない",
"comment_count": 9,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-04T16:03:34.237",
"id": "68665",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-04T16:03:34.237",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68664",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
68664
|
68665
|
68665
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68670",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In an article about [penetrant\ntesting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dye_penetrant_inspection)\n([浸透探傷検査](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B8%E9%80%8F%E6%8E%A2%E5%82%B7%E6%A4%9C%E6%9F%BB))\nI found the following sentence:\n\n> 浸透液は **水洗式** でハケ塗りとし，極力溶接部以外に浸透液が付着しないようにすること．\n\nIn this kind of test, a penetrant liquid is used on a surface (in this case a\nweld area, 溶接部) to check if it has defects.\n\n[Here](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/116550/meaning/m0u/) I read that 水洗式\nrefers to a flush toilet, but in this context it doesn't make much sense to\nme. Could it refer to a drainage outlet or something similar? I mean something\nused during the test to collect the dripping of penetrant liquid?\n\nThank you for your help!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-04T18:19:44.567",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68667",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-05T02:46:00.653",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "17797",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words",
"kanji",
"terminology"
],
"title": "Meaning of 水洗式 other than flush toilet",
"view_count": 107
}
|
[
{
"body": "水洗 **式** does not refer to a flush toilet itself, but it refers to a\nmethod/system.\n\n * 水: water\n * 洗: wash / clean\n * **式: -type**\n\nSo 水洗式 (literally \"water-wash type\") can refer to anything that can be washed,\nflushed or wiped with water. In layman terms it usually refers to a type of\ntoilet, but in this case, it describes a type of 浸透液. The Wikipedia article\nyou linked has a good explanation for this:\n\n> The excess penetrant is then removed from the surface. The removal method is\n> controlled by the type of penetrant used. **Water-washable** , solvent-\n> removable, lipophilic post-emulsifiable, or hydrophilic post-emulsifiable\n> are the common choices.\n\nSo:\n\n> 浸透液は水洗式でハケ塗りとし、 \n> The penetrant must be water-washable and applied with brushes, ...",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-05T02:39:00.060",
"id": "68670",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-05T02:46:00.653",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-05T02:46:00.653",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68667",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
68667
|
68670
|
68670
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68672",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Was browsing japanese pages when I came across this.\n<http://www.hobidas.com/blog/rosso/mjb/archives/2011/02/post_765.html>\n\nThe title was.\n\n> ただひたすら純粋に美しい！ であります\n\nDoesn't ひたすら and 純粋 mean roughly the same thing? Are these two words commonly\nused together. From my little experience, I interpret this as \"Intently pure\nin beauty!\"\n\nI also came across another example.\n\n> ただひたすら純粋にレースしたくて仕方ない\n\nWhich from, from my assumption is \"I can't help but purely want to race.\"\n\nCan't just 純粋 be used here instead? What's the point of ひたすら?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-05T01:25:56.263",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68669",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-05T14:23:47.373",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33414",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "How is ひたすら used here?",
"view_count": 175
}
|
[
{
"body": "ひたすら means \"to do only one thing\".\n\n純粋 means \"pure\".\n\nひたすら美しい is to do only one action of \"feel\".\n\nIn exact form, ひたすら美しい「と感じる」.\n\n純粋に美しい is to feel \"beauty\" only, no other feeling.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-05T03:52:09.360",
"id": "68672",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-05T14:23:47.373",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-05T14:23:47.373",
"last_editor_user_id": "34257",
"owner_user_id": "34257",
"parent_id": "68669",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
68669
|
68672
|
68672
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "This is the sentence I'm having troubles with: シェリーちゃんが助かりますよーに!\n\nI know that シェリーちゃん is Sherry-chan and, 助 is help/rescue/assist. The only part\nI want to know about is the かりますよーに。I have been searching the meaning of かります\nand the meaning that shows up is 'borrow' which is odd because it doesn't\nmatch the meaning of the sentence. The google translated version is: Sherry is\nsaved. Which is also odd because 'Sherry' wasn't saved yet (in the video I was\nwatching). So I was thinking it meant 'I am going to save Sherry' or 'I must\nsave Sherry'. Also, the よーに part, please explain it to me.\n\nTHANK YOU VERY MUCH TO THE PEOPLE WHO TOOK THEIR PRECIOUS TIME TO ANSWER MY\nQUESTION!\n\n**My mistake, it was に, not こ and り, not い。I also edited the other parts.\nThank you for pointing that out.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-05T04:36:06.370",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68673",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-11T18:44:23.417",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-11T18:44:23.417",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "34258",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"words",
"parsing"
],
"title": "The use of かります in a sentence",
"view_count": 856
}
|
[
{
"body": "First off, I don't think the kanji you identified is acting as its own word,\nmy hunch is that the actual word you are looking for is 「助｛たす｝かります」. This is\nan intransitive verb that means to be saved, to be escape harm, or to be\nhelped. see\n[jsiho](https://jisho.org/search/%E5%8A%A9%20%E3%81%9F%E3%81%99%E3%81%8B%E3%82%8B).\n\nThe injection of a non-relative-temporal noun right before a verb without a\nparticle when more polite －ます form is being used typically doesn't happen.\nAlso the －ます form is the non-past tense, so my interpretation would be that\nthis is a plea by whoever is saying this for Sherry to escape or evade harm.\n\nAs for the よーこ、よ is usually an assertive sentence ending particle used when\ntalking about something you know for sure, or you want the listener to\n\"accept\" what you are saying. That is probably not the most precise\nexplanation, but others may be able to expand on that part.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-05T04:52:39.577",
"id": "68674",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-05T04:52:39.577",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34051",
"parent_id": "68673",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "The verb in this sentence is\n[助かる【たすかる】](https://jisho.org/word/%E5%8A%A9%E3%81%8B%E3%82%8B) (\"to be\nsaved\"). 借りる【かりる】 (\"to borrow\") is irrelevant.\n\n> シェリーちゃんが助かりますよーに! \n> I hope Sherry will be saved!\n\n * **シェリーちゃん** : Sherry(-chan)\n * **が** : (subject marker)\n * **助かります** : masu-form of the intransitive verb 助かる (\"to be saved\")\n * **よーに** : a casual/slangy rendering of ように, which is used to make a wish. See: [ending sentences with ように](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/13486/5010) and [How does this ように work?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/4155/5010)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-05T06:37:32.100",
"id": "68675",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-05T06:44:44.180",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-05T06:44:44.180",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68673",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
] |
68673
| null |
68675
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "RECENTLY I found word meaning my ass as an disbelief in japanese but somehow\nit doesn't show up on the internet .it sounds like this janentaro.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-05T06:41:42.623",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68676",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-05T13:58:00.923",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34105",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -2,
"tags": [
"academic-japanese"
],
"title": "How to say my ass",
"view_count": 572
}
|
[
{
"body": "Aじゃねーよ means \"NOT A\". There are many ways to conjugate this sentence that\nsound like what you may have heard： じゃねぇんだよ,じゃねぇんだぞ,じゃねぇだろう...etc",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-05T13:58:00.923",
"id": "68681",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-05T13:58:00.923",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34262",
"parent_id": "68676",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
68676
| null |
68681
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I came across this sentence:\n\n彼女はとても教養のある人ですね\n\nWhy is の particle used here rather then が particle. I am probably missing the\nneeded grammar to understand this sentence. Any help will be appreciated",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-05T09:00:24.457",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68677",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-05T09:00:24.457",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31222",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particle-の",
"particle-が"
],
"title": "の particle replacing が particle",
"view_count": 41
}
|
[] |
68677
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68690",
"answer_count": 4,
"body": "Example sentences do not suggest a big difference. Is there?\n\n貧しい【まずしい】 poor \n貧乏【びんぼう】な poor\n\n> [貧乏]{びんぼう}だけれど[彼]{かれ}は[幸福]{こうふく}だ。 \n> Poor as he is, he is happy.\n>\n> [貧]{まず}しいといえども[彼女]{かのじょ}は[幸]{しあわ}せだ。 \n> Though she is poor, she is happy.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-05T16:34:48.660",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68685",
"last_activity_date": "2021-10-22T01:51:06.933",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "31150",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 14,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"wago-and-kango"
],
"title": "貧しい【まずしい】 poor 貧乏【びんぼう】な poor What's the difference?",
"view_count": 1869
}
|
[
{
"body": "They are same meaning! まずしい is old Japanese word. 貧乏 originates from China.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-05T18:24:17.587",
"id": "68686",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-05T18:24:17.587",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34257",
"parent_id": "68685",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
},
{
"body": "貧乏 is more direct and less polite. For example, 貧乏人！ is an insult, but 貧しい人！\nis not.\n\nSimilarly, referring to somebody as 貧乏 sounds less considerate than 貧しい. As an\nexample, あなたのお父上は貧乏だったのですか？ is odd because the rest of the sentence is very\npolite (and thus can be taken as a passive aggressive slight).\nあなたのお父上は貧しかったのですか？ is perfectly polite and will not be mistaken as an insult\n(normally).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-05T19:52:29.267",
"id": "68687",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-05T19:52:29.267",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "499",
"parent_id": "68685",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "貧乏 is a [Sino-Japanese word](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-\nJapanese_vocabulary) (kango), and it only refers to _financial_ poorness. It's\nan easy word, but it can sound somewhat direct and rude. In formal or academic\ncontexts, 貧困 (\"poverty\") is mainly used.\n\n貧しい is a native Japanese word (wago), and it can refer to not only financial\npoorness but also various kinds of poorness. For example you can say 心が貧しい人\n(\"narrow-minded person\"), 資源の貧しい国 (\"resource-poor country\"), 想像力が貧しい人 (\"person\nwho lacks imagination skill\") and so on. It's also a milder and safer word\nwhen you need to say someone is financially poor. 彼は貧乏な家庭で育った and 彼は貧しい家庭で育った\nare semantically the same, but the latter sounds \"nicer\" to me.\n\nIn general, Sino-Japanese words tend to have explicit, narrow or scientific\nmeanings, whereas native Japanese words tend to have some derivative,\nidiomatic or figurative usages.\n\n * 血液 (kango for \"blood\") only refers to that red liquid. 血 (wago for \"blood\") also refers to \"bloodline\", \"lineage\", \"human nature\", etc.\n * 沸騰 (kango for \"boil\") only refers to physical boiling, whereas 沸く can also mean \"to get hot enough\" and \"to get excited\".",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-06T02:07:12.703",
"id": "68690",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-06T02:07:12.703",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68685",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 19
},
{
"body": "In addition to the depth of the other answers, to depict the connotation:\n(American English here)\n\n貧しい： Poor, impoverished. You'd use it to describe a village. \n貧乏：Broke (financially, not broken). You'd use it to describe a person.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-06T10:17:10.553",
"id": "68698",
"last_activity_date": "2021-10-22T01:51:06.933",
"last_edit_date": "2021-10-22T01:51:06.933",
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68685
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68690
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68690
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68692",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've been struggling to identify this Kanji for 30 minutes now. Tried looking\nup radicals, stroke order, etc. but can't figure it out.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/CeuFA.jpg)\n\nMore context:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/G97In.png)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-06T02:25:38.943",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68691",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-06T16:02:32.690",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-06T16:02:32.690",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "34269",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"words",
"kanji",
"readings",
"reading-comprehension"
],
"title": "Help identifying a Kanji character from image",
"view_count": 1853
}
|
[
{
"body": "I used this [website](https://kanji.sljfaq.org/radicals.html) and noticed the\nleft hand side looked like the child radical 子, then counted the strokes as 10\nand found [this](http://www.edrdg.org/cgi-bin/wwwjdic/wwwjdic?1MMJ%E5%AD%AB)\n孫｛まご｝. Which has a kun-yomi that matches the furigana next to it as まご, the\nwebsite lists the meaning as grandchild/descendent",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-06T02:39:56.980",
"id": "68692",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-06T02:39:56.980",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34051",
"parent_id": "68691",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
68691
|
68692
|
68692
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "There are some Japanese Terms that I am not sure how to translate in English.\nMainly the problem occurs because of these words' perception in Japanese\nculture.\n\nLike, 学校公開. Japanese call this \"Open Campus\". It totally makes sense but If I\nam aware, the correct term is \"Open House\" in which the school may let you see\n\"the campus\".\n\nBut if I happen to look a Japanese dictionary for the meaning of \"Open House\",\nit says \"a (home) party where anyone can join freely\" as the first meaning.\nThe meaning related to the school is given as the last meaning in the entries\nand trust me no Japanese would understand what is an \"Open House\". Same thing\nhappens with the usage of \"cunning\" and \"envy\".\n\nSo my first question is how can you translate/explain(with few words) the\nterm;英数コース. Best I can come up with \"English and Math Intensive Course\" but it\nis clearly not focused on English and Math. The course students study all\nsubjects. No club, but full study.\n\nSame as above how can you say 特進コース. Special Advanced? Does it makes sense?\n\nAnother question is, imagine a brochure that a student stating his feelings in\na speech bubble. In Japanese, they call it \"生徒の声\". However, instead of writing\nthat in Japanese, they just typed it as \"Voice\". Should not it be \"Student\nVoice\"? Or what else it can be? Commentary is the matching description. But\nagain, no Japanese would understand that.",
"comment_count": 13,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-06T05:25:07.050",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68694",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-06T08:42:15.913",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-06T07:13:53.213",
"last_editor_user_id": "33430",
"owner_user_id": "11668",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"wasei-eigo"
],
"title": "Translation of some school related terms. 特進、英数、生徒の声",
"view_count": 146
}
|
[
{
"body": "Looking at this\n[website](http://www.momoyamagakuin-h.ed.jp/senior/course/index.html) and\njudging based on the descriptions and pictures, it seems as though 英数コース is\naimed for students who want to go to the best universities, and so want to\ntake difficult courses in preparation for that.\n\nA similar phrase in _American_ Engish (likely not encompassing all the\nconnotation) would be a College Preparatory or College-Prep Course, or a Prep\nSchool. Prep School refers to a whole school, as opposed to a specific track\nof courses.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-06T08:42:15.913",
"id": "68697",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-06T08:42:15.913",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "34051",
"parent_id": "68694",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
}
] |
68694
| null |
68697
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68696",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/2TC30.jpg)I\nlove to read manga, and I am always confused when a character uses a spell,\nand a T/N is written somewhere stating the literal meaning.\n\nExample is when Mad Hatter (From Gaitou Alice) uses a spell, and is translated\nas Mad Tea Party, but a note above states that the Kanji is read as Mad\nFirearm. How does this work? Is there a term for instances like this?",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-06T06:04:21.037",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68695",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-06T08:32:06.347",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-06T08:23:31.543",
"last_editor_user_id": "34274",
"owner_user_id": "34274",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"manga"
],
"title": "A Question while reading mangas",
"view_count": 149
}
|
[
{
"body": "This first draft is sent before any image was posted so will probably be\nedited or incomplete later... BUT\n\n**edit:** Looking at the image posted, another (less linguistic) option is\nalso that different rounds of translation and disagreeing translators could be\nat fault.\n\n* * *\n\nsee @Kess Vargavind 's comment on how authors can add creativity to kanji by\naltering their typical reading with furigana that typically are to match a\nnon-Japanese language word. I would also note that typically when I have seen\nthese used they are to refer to **fantasy elements specific to the story at\nhand**. in the example given in the comment, the author isn't just talking\nabout the idea of vampires, but the specific vampires that exist within their\nstory.\n\nA similar feature can be seen in My Hero Academia, where the character 敵\n(meaning opponent or danger) has the furigana ヴィラン. This specifies that they\nare not just talking about bad people, but rather the specific type of super-\nvillains that appear in this world.\n\nThis means that the kanji might have a different direct translation than the\nfurigana.\n\n* * *\n\nAnother instance is that different phrases may carry **different\nconnotations** to a Japanese audience vs. an English speaking audience. Or\ncertain **puns or portmanteaus** don't work in a given language.\n\nTake Pokemon move's for example which is probably the closest analogue to this\ncase. There exists a move called\n[Acid](https://bulbapedia.bulbagarden.net/wiki/Acid_\\(move\\)), in English.\nAlthough scientifically an acid is either something that donates a proton or\naccepts an electron pair (blah blah), in the English lingo we think of acids\nas goopy liquid that \"\"melt stuff.\"\"\n\nHowever, the Japanese name for this listed move is ようかいえき, which if they used\nkanji would be 溶解液, which I use at my job to mean what you get when you\ndissolve something in a liquid, eg. sugar in water. But can also refer to a\nliquid that would do the melting or liquifying.\n\nThese two words clearly don't have the same meaning if you would look them up\nin their respective languages' dictionary, however the tend toward the same\nconnotation. A sense if a liquid being used to turn the opponent ... also into\nliquid mush.\n\n* * *\n\nSo ... I personally wouldn't worry too much about noticing differences in the\nmade up names of made up fantasy elements. But potentially reading both (if\nthe translator is clever) may nail down specifically what the connotation is\nsupposed to be.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-06T08:09:48.467",
"id": "68696",
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"last_editor_user_id": "34051",
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] |
68695
|
68696
|
68696
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm struggling to find a way to phrase:\n\n> \"Could you let me know what problem you are trying to solve with\n> ${COMPANY_PRODUCT}?\"\n\nin a business email. The context is that we're offering a product that helps\ncompanies maintain high-quality products of their own, and we want to be\nproactive in offering support, and try to understand what they were hoping our\n${COMPANY_PRODUCT} could do for them. In particular, it is not in a reply to a\ncomplaint. I admit it has been a very long time since I've used Japanese in a\nformal setting, and my keigo is a bit rusty.\n\nMy current guess is:\n\n> よしければ、${COMPANY_PRODUCT}でどの問題を解決なさいますのを理解させてくださいませんか。\n\nBut this sounds wrong to me, although I'm struggling to come up with something\nbetter.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-06T11:20:17.827",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68699",
"last_activity_date": "2023-06-18T05:05:25.710",
"last_edit_date": "2022-01-24T01:35:11.737",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "4157",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"keigo",
"business-japanese",
"sonkeigo"
],
"title": "How to politely phrase \"what problem are you trying to solve?\"",
"view_count": 276
}
|
[
{
"body": "This may take a native to give a proper answer, but, I am not so sure you need\nto use so polite language, if you apologize sincerely in the beginning.\n\nNot knowing the circumstances, the severity of the problem and whether it has\nbeen cause by the company who you are representing, I simply guess that the\nreason why you are asking about the problem is because you have e.g. sold the\nproduct or are providing e.g. maintenance services for it, and you are\ncontacting the customer since he/she has raised a general complaint about some\nproblem with the product. I.e. your organization has at least some\nresponsibility in the issue.\n\nAfter the apology, I would simply go for something like\n\"欠陥についてもう少し詳しく教えていただけませんか。\"",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-06T13:04:53.110",
"id": "68701",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-06T13:04:53.110",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34261",
"parent_id": "68699",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
68699
| null |
68701
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68702",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Most Youtube videos showing videogames have people talking over the gameplay.\nTo show potential viewers that their videos aren't like that and were made\nwith only the actual sounds from the game, English speakers add \"no\ncommentary\" to video titles. What is the Japanese equivalent phrase in this\ncontext?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-06T11:20:43.883",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68700",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-06T14:31:25.297",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34279",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "How do Japanese speakers say \"no commentary\" in Youtube video titles?",
"view_count": 507
}
|
[
{
"body": "From what I've seen, it understandably varies, as there are many ways to\nexpress the same thing.\n\nFor instance, if there is no commentary whatsoever, you might see: 声無し or\nsimilarly 声なし (without voice, e.g. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Kny-\nik8Vr0>), or perhaps more ambiguously 実況無し or similarly 実況なし (without\n'reporting live', e.g. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_ddKRIVnzKw>)\n\nBut, if there is no voice commentary, but some text-based commentary, you\nmight see: 声無し字幕解説 or similarly 声なし字幕解説 (without voice, with text captions\ne.g. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f1GCwxOSTjs>)\n\nThere may well be other iterations I've not put, so I would also wait back on\nother answers!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-06T14:31:25.297",
"id": "68702",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-06T14:31:25.297",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33435",
"parent_id": "68700",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
68700
|
68702
|
68702
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What are the nuances between each? For general use in most cases can they be\nsubstituted for 準備します?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-06T15:16:37.553",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68703",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-08T09:13:55.897",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22417",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"nuances"
],
"title": "Differences between 'prepare' words. 整う、備える、設ける",
"view_count": 446
}
|
[
{
"body": "None of these words can substitute for 準備する. They are not synonyms.\n\n整う means for a bunch of things to come together to make a cohesive whole, or\neverything's in its right place. 準備が整った，夕食の用意が整った\n\nI've never seen 設ける used to mean prepare, though. I did find 一席を設ける though,\n\"to plan a party\". But moukeru usually means to establish.\n\n備える means to keep to do something or keep something somewhere in preparation\nfor something else. Commonly seen as にそなえて. 台風に備えて懐中電灯を買う, in prep for the\ntyphoon, buy a flashlight.\n\nOnly そなえる really has a meaning of \"prepare\", in my personal opinion.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-08T09:13:55.897",
"id": "68743",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-08T09:13:55.897",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22363",
"parent_id": "68703",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
68703
| null |
68743
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "> あの人はいい人はいい **だった** けれど頑固だったね\n\nI think I understand that だった but Im not completly sure, is it implied that\nIts refering to 人? Can you say よかった instead?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-06T15:31:39.593",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68704",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-06T16:07:53.110",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-06T16:07:53.110",
"last_editor_user_id": "34172",
"owner_user_id": "34172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Understanding the use of だった in this sentece",
"view_count": 149
}
|
[] |
68704
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "i really had this question in my mind and it caused me a lot of pain. My\nquestion is : what is the difference between using ( wa ) and ( ga ) with\nadjectives ? i got confusion because i studied that japanese doesn't have real\nadjectives , instead it has adjectival verbs ( i-adj ) and adjectival nouns (\nna-adj ) and both of them are verbs that modify nouns as it is . and it was\nmixed up with what i have studied about ( wa ) and ( ga ) , that in the\nadjective-predicate sentences we should use wa usually . can any one here\nsolve my confusion please . thank you in advance . signature : passionate of\njapanese",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-06T16:21:08.897",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68705",
"last_activity_date": "2020-11-02T08:00:20.050",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34283",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "usage of 『は』and『が』with adjectives { na-adj and i-adj }",
"view_count": 2530
}
|
[
{
"body": "In short, は is used to describe **known/general information** , whereas が is\nused to report **newly perceived temporary event**. This rule applies\nregardless of the type of the predicate (i-adjectives / na-adjectives /\nverbs).\n\n * ポストは赤い。 A mailbox is red. [general/known information]\n * 私の車は赤い。 My car is red. [general/known information]\n * 信号が赤い。 The traffic light is (currently) red. [newly perceived information]\n * 顔が赤いよ。 (I noticed) Your face is being red. [newly perceived information]\n * 財布はない。／財布はありません。 I don't have a wallet. [known information]\n * 財布がない。／財布がありません。 (I noticed) My wallet is missing! [newly perceived information]\n\nThis usage of が to report new information is called \"neutral-description ga\",\n中立描写文, 現象文, 中立叙述文, etc.\n\nSee:\n\n * [Can someone explain me the use of は and が in this sentence?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/43213/5010)\n\n> When you describe or report information which is newly discovered by\n> perception that doesn't include assumption or judgement, Japanese grammar\n> requires you to express it as a sentence whose elements are not topicalized,\n> in short, without adding particles like は.\n\n * [Why does 「電話は切れた」 sound more adversarial than 「電話が切れた」?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/38639/5010)\n * [What's the difference between wa (は) and ga (が)?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/22/5010)\n\n> Any が can be an exhaustive-listing が, but neutral description only works\n> with action verbs, existential verbs, and adjectives/nominal adjectives that\n> represent state change. \"Sentences of neutral description present an\n> objectively observable action, existence, or temporary state as a new\n> event.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-07T03:43:37.913",
"id": "68714",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-07T03:43:37.913",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68705",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
68705
| null |
68714
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68707",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've read it on syotetsu <https://ncode.syosetu.com/n0715el/95/>\n\nFrom what I gather, \"その逸話に違わず\" means something like \"Different from the\nanecdotes.\" Is that correct?\n\nIs this a set phrase or something?\n\nWhy is anecdote used here instead of something like rumors or stories?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-06T22:48:20.070",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68706",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-06T23:53:37.710",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34044",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "What does \"その逸話に違わず\" mean?",
"view_count": 209
}
|
[
{
"body": "> その[逸話]{いつわ}に[違]{たが}わず\n\nmeans \" **Not** different from the anecdote\" → \"Just as the anecdote says\"\n(≂その逸話の[通]{とお}り、～)\n\n[違]{たが}わず is the negative form of [違]{たが}う. The ず is the classical/literary\nnegative auxiliary.\n\n> Is this a set phrase or something?\n\nYes, you'd occasionally see phrases like 「噂に違わず、～」「話に違わず、～」「その名に違わず、～」, which\nmean almost the same thing as 「噂の通り、～」(just as rumored)「話の通り、～」「その名の通り、～」(as\nthe name suggests)\n\n> Why is anecdote used here instead of something like rumors or stories?\n\nYou mean why the word 逸話 is used instead of 噂 or 話? It seems like they\nrephrased the [神話]{しんわ} (myth, legend) in the previous sentence.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-06T23:38:59.180",
"id": "68707",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-06T23:53:37.710",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-06T23:53:37.710",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "68706",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
68706
|
68707
|
68707
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68713",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Read this on a japanese article.\n\n> 明日が休日なら僕と君二人きり。 する事はひとつな訳で\n\nDoes it still mean like the counter \"ひとつ” here. Something like \"one thing I\nwant to do.\"?\n\nAm I missing from my understanding here? I've only just learned how わけない is\nused.\n\n> Since tomorrow's a holiday, it'll just be the two of us. There's one thing I\n> want to do.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-07T00:03:00.380",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68708",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-07T03:23:52.093",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34028",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "How is \"ひとつな\" used here?",
"view_count": 116
}
|
[
{
"body": "する事はひとつだ means \"the number of things to do is one\", or more naturally, \"there\nis only one thing to do\". See: [What does it mean to end a sentence with\nひとつだけ?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/65911/5010)\n\n～な訳だ/～という訳だ roughly means \"naturally\", \"as a consequence\" or \"it's that ～\",\nsee: [How to end a sentence in\nわけ](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/2250/5010) And で is used instead of だ\nafter 訳 because of [this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/11950/5010).\n\n> する事はひとつな訳で。 \n> Naturally, there's only one thing to do (together). \n> Of course there is only one thing we should do.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-07T03:23:52.093",
"id": "68713",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-07T03:23:52.093",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68708",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
68708
|
68713
|
68713
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68716",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "い-adjectives negate in the following way.\n\n> 「大{おお}きい」→「大きくない」\n\nHow I've always interpreted process is that we're basically changing the\nadjective 「大きい」 into the adverb form 「大きく」 and then tacking on 「ない」, which is\nitself an adjective describing negation.\n\nOne thing that seems weird is of course that「ない」is an adjective and not a\nverb, so why would our adjective need to be changed into an adverb first?\nPerhaps it is because in context we would see 「ないです」, which itself functions\nas a verb? So perhaps in the sentence 「大きくないです」, we are seeing an outer\nstructure outer structure of 「大きく」 and an inner structure of 「ないです」.\n\nUsually, I see 「大きくないです」 romanized as `ookikunai desu` instead of `ookiku\nnaidesu`, so this makes me doubt my thinking.\n\nIs the way I described above a correct way of interpreting this inflection? If\nnot, what would be a proper way?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-07T00:28:25.570",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68709",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-07T04:16:54.843",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33505",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"etymology",
"adjectives",
"i-adjectives"
],
"title": "Understanding the connection between adverbs and adjective negation",
"view_count": 131
}
|
[
{
"body": "An adverb is used to modify not only a verb but also an adjective, both in\nJapanese and in English.\n\n * **とても** 良い = _very_ good \n(とても and _very_ are adverbs which (almost) exclusively modify an adjective)\n\n * **酷く** まずい = _terribly_ yucky \n(酷く and _terribly_ are \"adverbial forms of adjectives\" that modify another\nadjective. 酷くてまずい means \"terrible, and yucky\".)\n\nSo I think the ku-form is a natural choice to combine two adjectives. In\nJapanese grammatical terms, the ku-form is called 連用形, literally \"connect-to-\n用言 form\", where 用言 roughly means \"verbs and adjectives\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-07T04:16:54.843",
"id": "68716",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-07T04:16:54.843",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68709",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
68709
|
68716
|
68716
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I came across this sentence:\n\n> 全員に作業が割り当てられました。\n\nIn a passive sentence, the particle に marks the action doer, and that means\nthe sentences should translate to\n\n> \"Work was assigned (to me) by all members\"\n\nOn Anki and Google Translate, the correct translation is\n\n> \"Work was assigned to all members\"\n\nWhy is the latter correct instead of the former?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-07T01:38:19.580",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68710",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-11T14:45:49.177",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-11T14:45:49.177",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "31222",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"passive-voice"
],
"title": "Passive sentence construction",
"view_count": 171
}
|
[
{
"body": "The particle に can mark the agent performing the action in a passive sentence\n_if_ that agent is specified, but 1) the particle に can also do lots of other\nthings and 2) in some passive sentences (including this one) the agent is not\nspecified.\n\nIn this case, に isn't marking the agent or “action doer” (the person or people\n_by_ whom the work was assigned), but the indirect object – that is, the\npeople _to_ whom the work was assigned or (to use a translation that I think\nworks a little better here) _to_ whom the different tasks were allocated. This\nに would still be there even if you rephrased the sentence using the active\nvoice, as in 社長が全員に作業を割り当てました (“The president of the company allocated tasks\nto everyone”).\n\nAs for why “Work was assigned (to me) by all members” isn’t a very likely\ntranslation for this sentence, as I’ve indicated above, the verb 割り当てる doesn’t\nsimply mean “assign,” but is more like “allocate,” “parcel out,” or\n“apportion” – the idea is not just that something is being assigned, but that\nit is being divided (割る) into parts which are assigned (当てる) to different\npeople. Thus, for this verb it’s generally much more natural for the agent\n_performing_ the action to be singular and the indirect object _receiving_ the\naction to be plural, rather than the reverse. (Although as in English it's not\nimpossible for the entity performing the allocation to be plural, and in some\ncontexts you could say something like 私に割り当てられた作業 to mean “the tasks that were\nallocated to me.”)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-07T03:10:17.090",
"id": "68712",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-07T03:10:17.090",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33934",
"parent_id": "68710",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
68710
| null |
68712
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "68715",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am trying to paraphrase Plato's description of Atlantis. He says that there\nis a centre island surrounded by two rings of land and two of water. He later\nsays that the outer ring of land has an opening at the south to the sea.\n\nI'm not sure whether I should be using 円 or 輪 or even 円形 to describe rings of\nland and sea and the outer ring with the opening.\n\nMy attempts:\n\nアトランティスが二つの円形の陸地と三つの円形の水域がある\n\nor 水に囲まれた内輪と外輪を有する\n\nthen 海につながった陸地の外側の円に隙間がありました",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-07T02:47:29.580",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "68711",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-07T09:40:48.347",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-07T03:17:39.407",
"last_editor_user_id": "33451",
"owner_user_id": "33451",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"words"
],
"title": "Should I use 円 or 輪 here?",
"view_count": 336
}
|
[
{
"body": "円 is \"circle\", so 円形の島 usually just means a round island like this:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/jJj3hm.jpg)\n\nIf you want to say ring-shaped, 輪(状) or リング(状) is the correct term. If I\nunderstand your description correctly, you can say something like this:\n\n> アトランティスは、中心にある島を2つの{輪状/リング状}の島が取り囲むような形をしている。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-06-07T03:56:01.477",
"id": "68715",
"last_activity_date": "2019-06-07T09:40:48.347",
"last_edit_date": "2019-06-07T09:40:48.347",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "68711",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
68711
|
68715
|
68715
|
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