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{
"accepted_answer_id": "69211",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "in Attack of the Titan season 2, ep4 at 8:16, there is this sentence:\n\n> 今のちゃんと討伐補佐に数えとけよ\n\ncan anyone explain what it means? it doesn't seem to make sense to me. Count\nthe support of conquest properly? also what is とけ at the end mean?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-01T13:57:24.583",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69208",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-01T17:38:47.413",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34361",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "討伐補佐に数えとけよ meaning?",
"view_count": 132
}
|
[
{
"body": "If it gets rewritten as:\n\n> 今の（を）ちゃんと[討伐補佐]{とうばつほさ}に数えておけよ\n\nI think you get the gist of it.\n\nBut to make sure, though, 討伐, in this case, is the act of taking down the\ntitan, and 補佐 is assistance. That whole phrase can be translated as just\n**kill assist**.\n\nWhile 数える usually means **to count** , I'd translate it as **add on to** in\nthis case.\n\nThe ておく form has a ton of meanings, but here it's just used to tell her that\nshe should remember to add 1 assist to the report.\n\nAltogether, it means something like:\n\n> Make sure to add this one to the assist count!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-01T17:38:47.413",
"id": "69211",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-01T17:38:47.413",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34531",
"parent_id": "69208",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
69208
|
69211
|
69211
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "69212",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have learnt the pattern Noun + のような. My question is よう is a Noun or an\nAdjective. If it is an Adjective, then why it is preceded by a の. If it is a\nNoun then why it is followed by a な. What is behind this pattern? Thanks for\nyour help.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-01T16:37:03.743",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69210",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-01T17:42:10.780",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34140",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Is よう an adjective or a noun?",
"view_count": 939
}
|
[
{
"body": "### Is よう an adjective or a noun?\n\nYes. :)\n\n### More detailed examination...\n\nよう, or in kanji 様, is a bit of an odd duck. It functions in some ways as a\n名詞【めいし】 or a noun on its own, but when used in certain constructions, it takes\non qualities of a 形容【けいよう】動詞【どうし】 or _-na_ adjective.\n\nJapanese grammars often classify this term as a 助動詞【じょどうし】 or auxiliary, which\nis basically a grab-bag of very-useful functional words that don't fit cleanly\ninto the other grammatical categories. If you can read Japanese, there's [a\ndecent article on\nWikipedia](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A9%E5%8B%95%E8%A9%9E_\\(%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95\\)).\nEven if you can't read Japanese that well, the big table there should give you\nsome idea of the wide variety of things that fall into this Big Bucket o'\nVague Categorization.\n\nFor most Japanese learners, it might help to think of よう as a noun that has\ndeveloped some _-na_ adjective uses. Very loosely, it's a bit like the English\nnouns \"kind\" or \"sort\", which have developed extended uses in phrasing like\n\"kind of / kinda\", \"kinda like\", \"sort of / sorta\", \"sorta like\" -- these\nfunction like almost-adjectives deriving from nouns, and are used to convey\nthe general sense or \"that-ness\" of a thing or situation.\n\n### Your additional questions\n\n> If it is an Adjective, then why it is preceded by a の?\n\nAgain, this word started out as a noun, much like English \"sort\" or \"kind\". To\nmodify any noun in Japanese, you need to either use a verb or adjective --\nlike 来【き】たよう, or 暖【あたた】かいよう -- or if the preceding word is a noun, you need to\nuse that linking の -- like 犬【いぬ】のよう, or 駐【ちゅう】車【しゃ】場【じょう】のよう.\n\n> If it is a Noun then why it is followed by a な?\n\nIf that よう is used to modify something else, it needs a linking particle.\nNouns usually require the particle の to link to (i.e. modify) another noun.\nThat said, historically, certain nouns and noun-like words that were used as\ndescriptors for other nouns developed a different particle pattern, which\nevolved into the modern な that's used with _-na_ adjectives. よう is one of\nthese words.\n\nNote that よう doesn't require the な all the time -- that's only needed when the\nよう modifies another noun. If it's used as the main point of the sentence, then\nit doesn't need the な.\n\n * 田中【たなか】さんが到着【とうちゃく】した[よ]{●}[う]{●}です。 \nTanaka-san `[SUBJ]` arrival did **appearance** is \nIt **seems** that Tanaka has arrived.\n\nBut if the よう is used to modify another noun, then we need the な.\n\n * この森【もり】は公園【こうえん】の[よ]{●}[う]{●}[な]{●}雰囲気【ふんいき】があります。 \nThis forest `[TOPIC]` park `[POSSESSIVE]` **appearance** `[MODIFIER]`\natmosphere `[SUBJ]` is/has \nThis forest has an atmosphere **kinda like** a park.\n\nThis is a very useful word in Japanese that doesn't have any one-to-one match\nin English. As you can see above, there are various ways of translating the\nmeaning of よう.\n\n* * *\n\nPlease comment if the above does not fully answer your questions, and I can\nupdate as appropriate.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-01T17:42:10.780",
"id": "69212",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "69210",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 12
}
] |
69210
|
69212
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69212
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Some girls in the Japanese school I study in are planing to do a Maid Cafe,\nwhich my teacher have sent me a message inviting me to take part into saying\n「メイド喫茶に参加してみませんか？」. Honestly, I don't think I'm fit for the role, so I thought\nin a polite way to refusing him. I have thought about many different phrases,\nand now I think phrases like\n「んん、私はそのような事があまり得意じゃないから、それはちょっと…。すみません。」or「んん、私はそのような事があまり得意じゃないから、それはちょっと無理です。すみません。」would\nbe appropriate. I plan sending the first one, but I would like to know if\nusing 無理 is unpolite and which other ways would be better to refuse an offer\nand recognize the other's efforts. I have seen people using 「気持ちはうれしいけど…」, but\nit seems way too personal to me.\n\nI know he is my teacher and all, but the first semester has already ended and\nhe won't be my teacher anymore next semester, so I would like to write\nproperly.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-01T19:37:35.797",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69213",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-01T21:42:38.837",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "32264",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"politeness"
],
"title": "Declining an offer politely using ちょっと and 無理",
"view_count": 205
}
|
[
{
"body": "As you mentioned, 無理 is bit too straight and I would avoid using it in a\nconversation with a teacher. I think your first phrase,\n\n> んん、私はそのような事があまり得意じゃないから、それはちょっと…。すみません。\n\nsounds more polite. Although this phrase is fine in a spoken language, it is\nbit too vague in a text/email message. I would use 遠慮 instead of 無理 and say\nsomething\nlike「誘っていただきありがとうございます。ただ、私はそのような事があまり得意でないので、申し訳ないのですが今回は遠慮させていただきます。」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-01T21:42:38.837",
"id": "69215",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-01T21:42:38.837",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "33423",
"parent_id": "69213",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
69213
| null |
69215
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "What is the meaning of the \"long hyphen,\" --, a DASH really, for grammar,\ntranslation, and punctuation? For example : シャワーヘッド (Shawaheddo)? Thank you",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-01T21:00:54.130",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69214",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-01T23:16:14.773",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-01T22:54:41.053",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "34534",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"pronunciation",
"katakana",
"spelling",
"long-vowels"
],
"title": "A grammar issue?",
"view_count": 175
}
|
[
{
"body": "This 'long hyphen' is the elongation mark. It makes the vowel before it long.\nIn English what we call 'long vowels' are qualitatively different from 'short\nvowels', but in Japanese the sole difference between long and short vowels is\ntheir actual length. Long vowels are held for about twice as long as short.\n\n('er' sounds tend to become アー in translation, by the way)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-01T21:42:41.180",
"id": "69216",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-01T21:42:41.180",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9971",
"parent_id": "69214",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "In addition to Aeon Akechi's answer, notice too that the long-vowel mark is\nwritten as a horizontal stroke **ー** when the text is horizontal, and as a\nvertical stroke **|** when the text is vertical.\n\n_(Typography geeks: the vertical stroke above is the U+01C0 pipe character\nrather than a proper U+30FC long vowel mark displayed vertically, since I\ncan't figure out how to get the Stack Overflow platform to show real\nvertically aligned text.)_",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-01T23:16:14.773",
"id": "69217",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-01T23:16:14.773",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "69214",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
69214
| null |
69216
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "69225",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> ただ、直さないのか直せないのか、悲しさが悔しさになって、\n> **意地と好意を微妙な塩梅でオーバーラップさせてやり返す根性の曲がり具合と意地の強さが本当にダメ人間。**\n\nSource: <https://komachi.yomiuri.co.jp/t/2019/0627/904351.htm?g=04>\n\nIf I divide the sentence into parts,\n\n> ただ、直さないのか直せないのか、悲しさが悔しさになって\n\nIt's just that, the question/problem of whether it cannot be fixed or I cannot\nfix it, has turned my sadness into frustration\n\n> 意地と好意を微妙な塩梅でオーバーラップさせてやり返す根性の曲がり具合と意地の強さが\n\nThis problem has made my pride/obstinacy/stubbornness and my\nkindness/friendliness turn into this weird combination where there is an\noverlap between the will to do it all over again i.e., fix this and my strong\nobstinacy/stubbornness.\n\n> 本当にダメ人間。\n\nI am a good for nothing human.\n\nI don't know if my translation for the second part is correct but the way the\nsecond part connects with the third is something that I have trouble\nunderstanding. Why does 強さが abruptly end with ダメ人間. I thought the second part\nwas an attributive clause but the が ending makes me think otherwise.\n\nThank you :)",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-02T03:31:29.917",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69218",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-02T19:15:50.563",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18021",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation"
],
"title": "How does the second part in the sentence connect with third part?",
"view_count": 121
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 直さないのか直せないのか、 \n> (I don't know) whether I won't fix it (=my bad habit described as follows)\n> or I cannot fix it, (but) ...\n\nThis part is a comment that can be understood independently.\n\n> ～が本当にダメ人間。 \n> I am a terribly useless person because of ～. \n> ～ indicates I am a really hopeless person. \n> ～ is why I call myself a useless person.\n\nThis part is a little tricky and I don't know which is the best way to explain\nit logically, but she is essentially describing the reason why she thinks she\nis a ダメ人間.\n\nEverything else (the content of `～`) is the reason part. The main reason is\nthis noun phrase:\n\n> 根性の曲がり具合と意地の強さ \n> my distorted and stubborn character\n\nWhich is modified by the following long relative clause (as a [gap-less\nrelative clause](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/14550/5010) similar to\n勝つ意志 or よく笑う性格):\n\n> 悲しさが悔しさになって、意地と好意を微妙な塩梅でオーバーラップさせてやり返す \n> my sadness/shock (of being dumped by a man) becomes a revengeful feeling,\n> and I (always try to) strike him back with a fine balance of obstinacy and\n> affection\n\nThis is a rather unique and perplexing expression, and it's hard to grasp the\nintended meaning without fully understanding the context. Basically this\nclause is a rephrasing of what's mentioned in the first half of her post,\n振られた男性を惚れさせて振り返す. Whenever she was dumped by someone, she has always made him\nlove her again and then dumped him back, just in order to satisfy her vanity.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-02T19:08:44.843",
"id": "69225",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-07-02T19:15:50.563",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "69218",
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"score": 4
}
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69218
|
69225
|
69225
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "69304",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "This question is posted exactly _because_ it's been answered a few times and\nvarious other sources describe it differently as well - varying degree to\nwhich one is preferred and why. \nSo far I've come across 7 different explanations (as I understood them):\n\n 1. With たい you use が (I don't think this is frequent)\n 2. With たい you should use が, but sometimes people would use を\n 3. With たい it is preferred to use が, but を is fine\n 4. With たい you sometimes change を to が (no specific criteria)\n 5. With たい you can use either, no preference no criteria\n 6. With たい using が focuses the target of desire and を focuses the desire itself\n 7. With たい there are various criteria that you use to decide between が and を, those outside can use either? Source: <https://www.wasabi-jpn.com/japanese-grammar/how-to-express-desire/> - haven't found anything as specific elsewhere\n\nWhat is the ultimate take? Is it one if these? A combination of them?\nSomething completely different? \nI feel like I do hear が comparatively more often, but haven't been able to\ninfer a specific ruleset Thank you",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-02T09:45:45.670",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69221",
"last_activity_date": "2021-03-28T06:48:47.483",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9719",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 11,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "たい form が vs を untangling",
"view_count": 1243
}
|
[
{
"body": "I found some interesting papers about this topic. I think this is the best\narticle for you. \n<http://www.ritsumei.ac.jp/acd/cg/lt/rb/599/599pdf/higasiya.pdf> \n「助詞「が」と「を」の置換性について」東山 篤規\n\nHe says that it used to be that が is the only correct choice, but in younger\ngenerations, the number of people who use を is increasing. There are some\npatterns where younger generations use を instead of が.\n\nFor example, when the verb is a pure static verb (such as できる or 好き), most\npeople chose が, but when the verb is an action verb (such as 折りたい from 折る+たい,\nor 弾ける from 弾く+ける), people tend to use を.\n\nAnd I also think it's interesting that, in sentences with longer context,\nusing を feels more natural.\n\nThere are several conditions where younger generations use を instead が. I\nrecommend you to read this article.\n\nRitsumeikan university is a famous private university in eastern Japan. I\nthink this survey is reliable considering the literature level of the\nstudents.\n\nAs a young native Japanese speaker, I choose が or を unconsciously. I feel (and\nit's written in the article) that there are some cases where:\n\n 1. が and を is interchangeable\n 2. が is more natural\n 3. を is more natural\n\nSome people may say only が is correct because they learned it when they are\nchildren. But language is always changing!",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-06T21:38:47.313",
"id": "69304",
"last_activity_date": "2021-03-28T06:48:47.483",
"last_edit_date": "2021-03-28T06:48:47.483",
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"score": 6
}
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69221
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69304
|
69304
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "69224",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've been told that number 1 wrong and number 2 is correct, but I'm wondering\nwhy exactly.\n\n 1. 出身は何ですか。\n 2. 出身はどこですか。\n\nIn English, what's your origin vs where's your origin has the same meaning to\nme and my first instinct is to use what instead of where for this. Does anyone\nhave any insight on why this is exactly?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-02T13:08:47.793",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69223",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-02T14:04:12.533",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34539",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "What/Where usage English vs Japanese",
"view_count": 361
}
|
[
{
"body": "This is the difference between what a word means according to a bilingual\ndictionary and what a word means within its native language.\n\nAccording to the 日本国語大辞典\n\n> その土地またはその学校など **から世に出る** こと。また、それまで過ごした経歴{けいれき}。\n\nSo the word 出身 literally speaks of where a person has come \"out of\" or \"from,\"\nit makes sense to use **where** instead of what because of this. Note also\nthat it is not only in the sense of birthplace, but family size\n「そんな彼女自身も、「5人きょうだいの末っ子」という **大家族の出身** 。」, school 「 **関西大学出身** の有名人をご紹介します。 」,\nand so on.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-02T14:04:12.533",
"id": "69224",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-02T14:04:12.533",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "1761",
"parent_id": "69223",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
] |
69223
|
69224
|
69224
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "69257",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am currently translating some content regarding Aikido, and have been\ngetting stuck on how to translate 綺麗 (きれい) in the following context:\n\n> しっかりとした、綺麗な半身を作ることを心がけて下さい。\n\nIt's discussing a bodily position where the body is standing nearly profile\n(sideways) to an opponent or partner. I don't believe that describing the\nposition as \"beautiful\", \"neat\", or \"tidy\" would express it in the context\nhere. I'm tempted towards \"clear\", or even with some interpretive license,\n\"composed\".",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-02T20:12:04.207",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69226",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-04T03:24:57.853",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-02T23:04:57.650",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "34491",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"terminology"
],
"title": "How would one translate 綺麗 (きれい) in this context?",
"view_count": 153
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think your choice of \"clear\" is fair. This 綺麗 means \"well-formed; matching\nthe prescriptive form (which gives a stylish impression)\". You can see some\ncognitive relation with \"beautiful\" or \"tidy\" sense as well. \"Clean\" that\n@EiríkrÚtlendi suggested is equally good.\n\n> 綺麗なコード _clean (source) code_ \n> 綺麗な六角形 _perfect hexagon_ \n> 綺麗なイギリス英語 _clear British accent_",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-04T03:24:57.853",
"id": "69257",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-04T03:24:57.853",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "69226",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
69226
|
69257
|
69257
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "69291",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "These are all pretty close but I don't get the nuance difference.\n\n```\n\n 気が利かない人\n 気が付かない人\n 気が知れない人\n 気が回らない人\n 空気が読めない人\n \n```\n\nKikanai seems to be someone that doesn't have a lot of forethought, ie doesn't\nplan well for others, like a bad administrative assistant.\n\nYomenai (KY) seems to be someone that can't read the room, like not realizing\neveryone is a certain political party and then badmouthing that party.\n\nBut the middle three are all fuzzy to me, and I don't know how they differ\nfrom each other or those two.\n\nAny insight would be appreciated.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-02T20:34:50.327",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69227",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-06T12:53:38.807",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-03T02:18:35.070",
"last_editor_user_id": "4091",
"owner_user_id": "22128",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"phrases",
"synonyms"
],
"title": "What's the difference between these similar phrases for oblivious person? I.e. 気が利かない人",
"view_count": 135
}
|
[
{
"body": "I’m japanese native speaker. My major is not linguistics. \n\nI write just my opinion. I think your recognition of the two “気が利かない” and\n“空気が読めない” is correct. \nanother example of 空気が読めない人 is someone who speak loud in silent space like\nmuseums. \n\n気が利かない and 気が回らない have almost the same meaning and usage. I think most\nJapanese people don’t know the differences between them. \n\n気が利かない、気が回らない、空気が読めない contains bad nuance in itself. But 気が付かない is often used\nin daily conversations. So there are a lot of possibilities that person can’t\nnotice. If he/she can’t notice others help or potential choice to help\nsomeone, 気が付かない has very similar meaning to 気が利かない. But 気が付かない can also use\nfor someone who are 鈍感(unresponsive, dull). For example , someone doesn’t\nnotice even he/she is called by another person. \n\n気が知れない人 is used when others can’t understand the person’s (人) thought because\nhis/she(人) often think things in different way from common sense. \nThis used often in bad nuance because in Japan, different from others is bad\nthing. \n\n空気が読めない人、気が利かない人、気が回らない人 is person who can’t understand his/her around. \n気が知れない人 is person who others can’t understand his/her actions or behaviors. \nSo the subject to “can’t understand” is different. \n\n気が付かない、気が知れない is I think often in bad nuance(気が知れない is 90% bad word), but\nsometimes it’s not. You need to care about the context. \n\n気が利かない人、空気が読めない人、気が回らない人 気が知れない人 can be understood immediately So\n\n> 彼は気が利かない。 \n> 彼は空気が読めない。 \n> 彼は気が回らない。 \n> 彼は気が知れない。 \n>\n\nis I think natural. because above three example has only bad meaning. 彼は気が知れない\nis vague but I can understand that he is unusual person whether in bad way or\nnot. \nbut\n\n> 彼は気が付かない。 \n>\n\nis not natural for me. This sentence need to add information about what he\ndon’t notice because there too many interpretations.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2019-07-06T12:53:38.807",
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] |
69227
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69291
|
69291
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{
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"body": "I've read that that romanizing Japanese names can be particularly difficult,\ndue to the fact that the kanji that make them up have multiple pronunciations,\nor even a completely random one.\n\nHowever, seeing Japanese media - particularly video games - translated to\nEnglish makes me wonder how each and every name in the credits becomes\nromanized. How is this usually done? Is the kana used to pronounce one's name\neasily accessible for professionals? Is this pronunciation gathered on a case\nby case basis? Or does \"guesswork\" need to be done, with possible mistakes\noccurring? If readings are provided, how is this information usually\ntransferred?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-02T21:05:23.250",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69228",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-07-02T21:42:28.940",
"last_editor_user_id": "19522",
"owner_user_id": "19522",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"readings"
],
"title": "How are Japanese names romanized in localization?",
"view_count": 218
}
|
[] |
69228
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I’m talking with someone on Tandem who I’ve never spoken to before and he\nimmediately called me 君. He’s only 2 years older than me and I thought きみ was\nfor relationships where there is a bigger age difference/status difference or\nalso very closely between friends or lovers and in songs/anime.\n\nIs it just a personal choice or is there a specific reason?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-03T01:45:20.443",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69229",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-03T01:45:20.443",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33900",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"pronouns",
"second-person-pronouns"
],
"title": "Why was I called 君？",
"view_count": 189
}
|
[] |
69229
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Why are Kanji characters used along with Hirangana script characters for a\nword? For example: 飲みますwhich is spelled as nomimasu (correct me if I'm wrong)\nuses a kanji character. Why can't の be used here?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-03T03:17:02.583",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69230",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "34536",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"syntax"
],
"title": "Use of Kanji characters",
"view_count": 172
}
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[
{
"body": "It's mostly a matter of custom, but the big reason is that using kanji helps\nconvey meaning. This can be particularly helpful in cases where a word may\nhave homophones, or be a less commonly used word, so having that semantic aid\ncan be quite important. The effect is even more prominent in the Chinese\nlanguages, where all characters are based on meaning.\n\nFor example, if you saw the sentence 「かみをきる」 (kami o kiru) then you have\nseveral homophones to worry about. When we say かみ are we talking about paper\n(紙), or hair (髪), or a god (神)? Is きる talking about something being cut\n(usually 切る, although there are actually a few other kanji with similar\nreading and meaning) or worn (着る)?\n\nAlternatively, if you saw a word you're unfamiliar with but it's written in\nkanji you recognise, you can take a guess at the word's meaning based on those\nkanji. In extreme cases, you might even be able to guess the meaning of a\nkanji based on its radicals (e.g. lots of kanji for different kinds of fish\nuse the same fish radical - 鮪, 鮭, 鮫, etc.).\n\nKanji also make it easier to see how text is broken up. Most Japanese writing\nuses very little punctuation, and rarely put spaces between words, so a\nparagraph written in kana (hiragana and katakana) can actually be a lot harder\nto read than the equivalent including relevant kanji since you can tell from a\nglance where the words are separated (mostly - when you get to things like\nnewspapers and very technical writing, the kanji density can get so high that\nit's harder to split words accurately again without re-reading the text\nmultiple times). At a glance, you might not be able to see where the\nindividual words are in a sentence like たなかさんからかったほんをもうよまなかった, but once you\nhave practice with kanji you can look at 田中さんから買った本をもう読まなかった and clearly see\nsome of the main breakpoints like the verb at the end, the object in the\nmiddle and the relative clause at the start.\n\nAnd, of course, since most Japanese people start formally learning kanji quite\nearly in their education, if you write solely in kana then it will tend to\nlook more childish, although as a foreigner you would probably be given the\nbenefit of the doubt in such cases.",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-03T04:44:49.567",
"id": "69231",
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69230
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69231
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{
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"body": "I understand that they both present two opposite sides of a situation or of\nsomething. However, even if in some cases they can be interchangeable, there\nare other where they cannot. Can somebody provide me some example to\nunderatand the difference?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-03T11:03:31.963",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69233",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-07-03T17:16:53.443",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "25880",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"nuances"
],
"title": "What's the difference between 反面 and 一方？",
"view_count": 2293
}
|
[
{
"body": "反面 is literally \"the other side (of a coin, etc)\", so it's used to describe\nthe two different sides of the same subject. 一方 is just like \"on the other\nhand\"; it is widely used to compare or contrast two different things which may\nor may not belong to the same subject.\n\n> * 彼は普段は優しい一方(で)、怒ると非常に怖い。: OK\n> * 彼は普段は優しい反面(で)、怒ると非常に怖い。: OK\n> * 東京は晴れている。その一方(で)、大阪では大雨が降っている。: OK\n> * 東京は晴れている。その反面(で)、大阪では大雨が降っている。: Wrong\n>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-03T15:09:55.900",
"id": "69244",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-03T15:19:18.093",
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69233
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69244
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{
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"body": "Basically I’m wondering if です can be nominalized.\n\nFor example how would you say:\n\n> _”I don’t like being mean.”_ or\n>\n> _”It’s good to be nice!”_\n\nCan I say:\n\n> 酷いであるのが好きじゃない？\n>\n> 優しいであるのがいい？\n\nThese are my attempts but I don’t feel confident in these!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-03T11:15:23.787",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69235",
"last_activity_date": "2019-10-12T11:05:40.070",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "33900",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"copula",
"nominalization"
],
"title": "Nominalization of です？",
"view_count": 414
}
|
[
{
"body": "i-adjective + である is not grammatical for the same reason i-adjective + だ is\nnot grammatical: i-adjectives already serve as a predicate without need for a\ncopula (or in other words, you can imagine that the meaning “is”/“to be” is\nembedded in the i-adjective). i-adjective + です is grammatical, but the です here\nis not the usual copula, it is just a polite marker which serves no purpose\nbut to make the i-adjective polite — you can tell the difference because it\nnever conjugated (i.e., 優しいでした and such is incorrect).\n\nUnfortunately this reality makes the phrasing of your question very hard to\nrespond to because it’s unclear if you’re asking “how to nominalize です\n(politeness)” or “how to nominalize i-adjectives”.\n\nThe former is easy to answer: you don’t, because you generally don’t have\npoliteness in relative clauses.\n\nThe latter is more complicated.\n\nSince an i-adjective is a predicate, you can stick it right next to the の:\n\n> 優しいのが好き \n> “I like kind things”\n\nBut as you can see it doesn’t have the intended meaning.\n\nTo get the intended meaning you need to use 優しくする:\n\n> 優しくするのが好き \n> “I like being nice to people”\n\n**Aside for Advanced Learners**\n\nUnfortunately this is all a little oversimplified and “優しいのが好き” can, depending\non what subject you consider is omitted or what context is available, also\nmean other things like\n\n> “I like the fact that he is kind” \n> 「(彼が)優しいのが好き」\n>\n> “I like when someones interaction style is kind” (=“I like when people are\n> kind to me”) \n> 「優しいの(＝接し方)が好き」\n>\n> (And most confusingly, this last imagined context _can_ also lead to it\n> meaning “I like being nice to people”, but _only_ with the right context,\n> which is why it is not the default go-to phrase when you are trying to say\n> this.)\n\nBut it’s hard to all explain at once. Hope this helps!",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-03T12:40:56.167",
"id": "69239",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-03T12:59:45.217",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
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"owner_user_id": "3097",
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},
{
"body": "> Basically I’m wondering if です can be nominalized.\n\n# 1.\n\nです is not the dictionary form. \nDictionary form for です is だ. \nSo, your question should be asked as: \n_Can だ be nominalised?_\n\n# 2.\n\nNominalisation (or to nominalise) litteraly means [to make a noun]. \nSo, if to say your question in simple words, than it would turn to: \n_Can I make a noun from だ?_\n\n* * *\n\nIf to look at how だ is used everywhere it is easy to notice, that だ is always\nused with some other word and never alone. Therefore, there is just no need to\nmake a noun from だ, cause it always make sense to use the word, which was used\nwith だ, than to use だ itself.\n\nI don't have a right to give any advices on Japanese usage, but if I have to\nfind solution for your case, I would split your sentances into 2 parts like\nthis.\n\n> When I am a mean person, I don't like this. \n> When I am a mean person, I feel bad about it. \n> When I am a nice person, I like this. \n> When I am a nice person, I feel good about it.\n\nMaybe this stratagy is stupid, but I believe it is better, than to search for\nword-to-word translation from other language to Japanese.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-03T19:02:45.113",
"id": "69247",
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{
"body": "Yes, です can be nominalised in the form である by attaching こと. However, as\npointed out by previous answers and comments here, this is not the case with\nthe です you present in your example sentences which is marking the sentence as\npolite.\n\nYou can say であること to nominalise a clause in certain grammar patterns such as\nAことが分かる, where A is a noun or a na-adjective sentence you would normally end\nwith です:\n\n> 東京は安全 **です** 。 Tokyo is safe.\n>\n> このレポートを読むと、東京は安全 **であること** が分かります。You can realise Tokio is safe by reading\n> that report.\n\nFor sure there may be other patterns where this nominalisation であること takes\nplace.",
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"creation_date": "2019-10-12T11:05:40.070",
"id": "72446",
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"owner_user_id": "32952",
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] |
69235
| null |
69239
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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"body": "Maybe this is a bit too hypothetical, but I thought it was an interesting\nquestion nonetheless.\n\nI was writing a business email in Japanese, using pretty formal language, on\nbehalf of someone who doesn't speak Japanese.\n\nIn this email I wanted to let the receiver know that future communication will\nhappen in English as the person writing (me) won't be available in the future.\n\nI'm the person writing it, but if I'm referring to myself as someone else, so\nwhat level of politeness is appropriate? I'm confused because:\n\n 1. Talking about myself using kenjougo would be odd because I'm writing as someone else.\n 2. Talking about myself using any form of polite language, even just kinbikoさん, sounds arrogant, and the receiver knows I am the one writing this on behalf of someone else.\n\nNow, in the end I reworded this bit entirely to avoid mentioning myself, and I\nget that this is probably the best practical solution here. Just wondering if\nthere's any right or wrong answer for what the appropriate level of polite\nlanguage is when referencing yourself when writing on behalf of someone else.\nMaybe I'm missing something.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-03T11:39:50.007",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69237",
"last_activity_date": "2023-06-25T15:04:25.523",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4157",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"keigo"
],
"title": "Appropriate polite language when referencing yourself in a letter written on behalf of others?",
"view_count": 392
}
|
[
{
"body": "Not so hypothetical question, as it came from real life.\n\nWhile there may not be clear rules, I would use the polite form about myself\n(ie make the letter use the style that would be correct if the person who\nsigns the email actually would write it.), even in your case where the\nrecipient more or less can guess that it was you who wrote it. In addition to\netiquette, it could also be that use of the \"Incorrect\" style makes the email\ndifficult to understand.\n\nHowever, there is actually a remotely related custom rel. to postcards that\nare sent from A to B with the intention of having B to use the card to reply\nback to A (eg in invitations to weddings etc.) Thus, the postcard having been\nprepared to make it easier for B to reply. In these cases, one essentially\ndoes the opposite of what I wrote above.\n\n(Sorry for the clumsy explanation above, but I found a good post in\n<https://ameblo.jp/k-style-ko/entry-11979860588.html> )\n\nEven in the cases when A is a company, and the postcard is group mailing,\nprinted one, A would send the postcard having been printed in a way where B\nhas to modify it by eg removing a few \"politeness ご\" characters before sending\nit back to A (maybe the opposite (A sends a version that B could use without\nmodifying it) could be thought of implying that A is demanding B to answer in\na polite way, and therefore is not done) (Just my theory)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-03T13:29:38.043",
"id": "69241",
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}
] |
69237
| null |
69241
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "69245",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Let's say I see a wallet on the ground and a person I suspect dropped it. In\nEnglish I would naturally ask\" Excuse me. Is this your wallet?\" A direct\nJapanese translation would be\"すみませんあなたの財布ですか\" but time and time again I hear\nthat using \"あなた\" is rude. How then do I get around this in case the person a\ncomplete stranger?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-03T12:29:26.383",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69238",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-03T16:18:26.280",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "30141",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"second-person-pronouns"
],
"title": "How to ask if a dropped object belongs to someone?",
"view_count": 306
}
|
[
{
"body": "Ask without あなた (Avoid direct translation).\n\nJapanese expressions will work without the pronoun in one-to-one\nconversations. If I actually saw a person dropped a wallet, then I would reach\nthe person and say in statement form:\n\n> あの、すみません、財布おとしましたよ。 \n> Um, excuse me. [You] dropped [a/your] wallet.\n\nThen again, if I _suspect_ the person dropped a wallet, or if I am not sure\nwho dropped it, then I would reach whomever I saw near by and say in question\nform:\n\n> あの、すみません、財布おとしましたか？ \n> Um, excuse me. Did [you] drop [a/your] wallet?\n\nNo need for the pronoun, use either the statement form or the question form.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-03T16:18:26.280",
"id": "69245",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"parent_id": "69238",
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] |
69238
|
69245
|
69245
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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"body": "A type of sentence or clause which seems to be common is one that has a long\npre-modifying clause in front of a pronoun or a proper noun.\n\nExample from a blog post:\n\n塗装したいものがたくさんあるのに、塗料を決められない、色が決められない、高いのはイヤ、という三重苦でまったく進まない私。\n\nWhat sort of sense does this convey, esp. comparing to sentences where the\npronoun/proper noun is a が-marked subject or は-marked topic instead? How is\nthat sense usually translated?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-03T14:59:13.523",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69243",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-03T15:20:33.680",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34544",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"usage"
],
"title": "Sentences that end in a pronoun",
"view_count": 130
}
|
[] |
69243
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I’ve learned that both mean something like “I see” or “I understand” but are\nthey interchangeable? Is there any difference?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-03T18:22:34.537",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69246",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-08T23:09:15.207",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "33900",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"nuances"
],
"title": "Different nuances of そっか and なるほど？",
"view_count": 538
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[
{
"body": "if you add question mark after なるほど, it means “I can’t understand what you’re\nsaying ” or “I can’t agree with you”. \n\nそっか and なるほど is very similar. I think the difference is that そっか is casual\nresponse to others but なるほど can be use in both casual and formal situation. \nI think なるほど emphasis the point that “ I understand what you are saying”. \notherwise I think そっか is more right response like “okay”.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-07-06T19:07:24.457",
"id": "69301",
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{
"body": "* そっか is very casual, and it's clearly inappropriate in formal settings. On the other hand, なるほど is safe in business exchanges, but it can sound a little pompous. If a small kid said なるほど, it would sound funny.\n * Both なるほど and そっか are used like \"Aha, I (finally) got it!\", but I feel そっか is mainly used when you have realized a bad thing, e.g., \"Oooh, so I was wrong...\".",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-07-08T23:09:15.207",
"id": "69350",
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69350
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"accepted_answer_id": "69249",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Advanced beginner here,\n\nGoing through some vocabulary flash cards and I’ve come across this sentence:\n\n> かれは私{わたし}の方{ほう}を見{み}ました。\n\nI don’t understand why ほう is necessary here. It appears to me to be\nsuperfluous. Any clarification would be appreciated.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-03T19:31:21.847",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"owner_user_id": "34516",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"relational-nouns"
],
"title": "Is の方 necessary here?",
"view_count": 409
}
|
[
{
"body": "方【ほう】 can refer to a _direction_.\n\n> 彼【かれ】は私【わたし】を見【み】ました。 \n> He looked at me.\n\nCompare that to:\n\n> 彼【かれ】は私【わたし】 **の方【ほう】** を見【み】ました。 \n> He looked **toward** me. / He looked **in my direction**.\n\n* * *\n\nPlease comment if the above does not answer your question, and I can update.",
"comment_count": 5,
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"creation_date": "2019-07-03T19:56:31.917",
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69248
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69249
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69249
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{
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"body": "This activity is from Genki 2 chapter 13 and I was given a question where I\nwas to answer using the potential verb form. Here is what is showed:\n\n> Q: 宿題をしましたか。 \n> A: 難しすぎ **て** できませんでした.\n\nI understand the potential verb and what すぎる means (too much/excess) as well\nas する conjugation in the potential form but I'm not sure why すぎる is in te\nform. The closest thing I could find was that Genki 1 said that the te form is\nused to describe two activities. Is that the reason here? I cannot use と to\ncombine these clauses, so is the te form what I have to use?\n\nThe English translation would pretty much be \"Homework is too difficult. Did\nnot do.\" So two separate clauses. All I'm inferring from this is that te is\njust used to join them into one sentence. Am I right?",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2019-07-03T20:29:38.580",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"て-form"
],
"title": "What is the purpose of 〜て in this sentence",
"view_count": 310
}
|
[
{
"body": "One of the uses of the `て/で` form is very similar to the English usage of\n\"and\" in connecting verbs. See\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/61372/differentiate-a-\ncause-from-a-succession-of-terms-in-a-sentence-\nusing-%EF%BD%9E%E3%81%8F%E3%81%A6-%E3%81%A7/61377#61377) for more detail.\n\nI would translate\n\n> 難しすぎてできませんでした\n\nAs\n\n> (The homework) was too hard and (I) couldn't do it",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-07-03T21:35:55.527",
"id": "69252",
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"body": "The answer is that sometimes (often!) you use て-form to describe cause and\neffect. You can think about it as an extension of connective use to mean 'and\n(then)', but you do have to be a bit careful about how you use it.\n\nTo answer your question directly, in your example, you can _essentially_\ntranslate it as a \"so\" (or \"because\" if you reverse the clause order), giving\nyou:\n\n> 難しすぎてできませんでした.\n>\n> It was too difficult, so I wasn't able to do it.\n>\n> I wasn't able to do it because it was too difficult.\n\nThe instances where you use the て-form to describe cause and effect are\nlimited to those times when you are **not** expressing intention or volition.\nThat includes requests, orders, prohibitions etc... The clauses should also\ncome in chronological order.\n\nAs such, this most typically is used when you are describing emotions,\npotential verbs, verbs of state, and things which have already happened (often\nunfortunate ones...).\n\nFor instance, emotion:\n\n> ニュースを聞いて、びっくりしました。\n>\n> I was surprised to hear the news.\n>\n> (lit. I heard the news, so I was surprised)\n\npotential:\n\n> 眼鏡{めがね}がなくて、小さい字が読めません。\n>\n> I don't have my glasses, so I cannot read small characters.\n\nstate:\n\n> 毎日忙しくて、勉強する時間がありません。\n>\n> I am busy every day, so I do not have time to study.\n\n(unfortunate) past event:\n\n> 事故があって、電車が遅れてしまいました。\n>\n> There was an accident, so the train was (regrettably) delayed.\n\nIn the following sentences, the starred examples are not grammatical:\n\n> ① 危ないから、泳がないでください。\n>\n> *① 危なくて、泳がないでください。\n>\n> Because it is dangerous, please do not (go) swim(ming).\n>\n> ② 明日、テストがあるから、今日、勉強しなければならない。\n>\n> *② 明日、テストがあって、今日、勉強しなければならない。\n>\n> Because I have a test tomorrow, I must study today.\n\nHere, you cannot replace the から with the appropriate て-form, because *①\nviolates the will/intention condition in being a request, and *② violates the\nchronology condition.\n\nSee also: [て used as\n\"because\"?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/41007/%E3%81%A6-used-\nas-because)\n\nHope that helps!",
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"creation_date": "2019-07-03T21:50:18.203",
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69253
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"body": "when addressing a Japanese man in business, Which name does the -san go behind\nhis surname or his given name?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-03T21:14:27.517",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69251",
"last_activity_date": "2022-05-26T03:05:20.497",
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"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "Which name does the -san go behind surname or given name?",
"view_count": 767
}
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[
{
"body": "In business you should speak more formally. You should refer to a person by\ntheir family name. If you use their given name for any reason, you should use\ntheir full name. For example:\n\nYour business acquaintance has the family name \"Saito\" and the given name\n\"Kenji\". In conversation, you should call him \"Saito-san\". If you need to call\nhim Kenji, you should call him \"Saito Kenji-san\".\n\nNever use \"-san\" after your own name.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-03T23:09:05.650",
"id": "69254",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-20T03:55:41.097",
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69251
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "69279",
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"body": "I speak Chinese as well as Japanese. In Chinese, the etymology for 明天 and 明日\nare the same in written Chinese and spoken Chinese.\n\nThis got me curious about the etymology in Japanese. In written Japanese, 明日\nis taken directly from Chinese. But where does the spoken word『あした』and『あす』come\nfrom?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-03T23:31:20.403",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69255",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-05T23:43:31.803",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "34554",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"words",
"etymology",
"chinese"
],
"title": "What is the etymology of あした?",
"view_count": 450
}
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[
{
"body": "The **word** _ashita_ is purely Japanese. The **spelling** 明日 comes from\nChinese.\n\n## A note about reading types\n\nFor any word where the reading is the 訓【くん】読【よ】み, the word itself as\npronounced is (almost always) from a native Japanese root. In these cases,\nit's important to recognize that the spelling and the underlying Japanese word\nare **independent** : the written form is from Chinese and was applied\n(usually) without regard for any phonetic similarity between the spoken\nChinese form and the spoken Japanese form.\n\nThe Japanese word _ashita_ is one such example. This reading _ashita_ is a\n訓【くん】読【よ】み from Japanese roots. 訓【くん】読【よ】み literally means _\"meaning reading\"_\n, and comes from the Japanese perspective that \"this Chinese spelling has this\nmeaning in Japanese\".\n\nThe 明日 spelling also has two 音【おん】読【よ】み, _myōnichi_ and _meijitsu_ , both\nultimately from Middle Chinese //mˠiæŋ ȵiɪt̚// (though _meijitsu_ appears to\nbe a later borrowing, possibly influenced by a precursor to modern Min Nan\npronunciation //miâ-ji̍t//). 音【おん】読【よ】み literally means _\"sound reading\"_ ,\nand is from the Japanese perspective that \"this Chinese spelling has this\nsound in Chinese\".\n\n## The derivation of _ashita_\n\nThis word has been around for a very long time, appearing already in the\n_Man'yōshū_ and _Nihon Shoki_ of the early 700s, two of the oldest long-form\nJapanese texts. It stands in close relation to the words _asu_ , _asa_ , and\n_asatte_ , and all are likely cognates.\n\n * [_ashita_ (明日, more rarely 朝)](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%9C%9D%E3%83%BB%E6%98%8E%E6%97%A5-2001862#E7.B2.BE.E9.81.B8.E7.89.88.20.E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC.E5.9B.BD.E8.AA.9E.E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E5.85.B8) \nOriginally referred to _\"morning\"_ , more specifically _\"dawn\"_ when the night\nhas ended. Contrasted with 夕べ【ゆうべ】 _\"evening, sunset\"_. Over time, the sense\nshifted from _\"morning\"_ in general, to _\"the next morning from now\"_ →\n_\"tomorrow\"_. \nThe phonetic development is lost to history, with no obviously clear roots.\nMore on that below.\n\n * [_asu_ (明日)](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%98%8E%E6%97%A5-424515#E7.B2.BE.E9.81.B8.E7.89.88.20.E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC.E5.9B.BD.E8.AA.9E.E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E5.85.B8) \nIn the earliest texts, such as the _Kojiki_ of 712, this word already referred\nspecifically to _\"tomorrow\"_.\n\n * [_asa_ (朝)](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%9C%9D-423925#E7.B2.BE.E9.81.B8.E7.89.88.20.E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC.E5.9B.BD.E8.AA.9E.E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E5.85.B8) \nOriginally mostly synonymous with _ashita_ , although _asa_ never developed\nthe same _\"tomorrow\"_ sense. _Asa_ was also used in many compounds and less\noften on its own, whereas _ashita_ was a standalone noun.\n\n * [_asatte_ (明後日)](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%98%8E%E5%BE%8C%E6%97%A5-424128#E7.B2.BE.E9.81.B8.E7.89.88.20.E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC.E5.9B.BD.E8.AA.9E.E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E5.85.B8) \n_Asatte_ with the geminate (double) //tt// is a comparatively recent term,\nonly appearing in texts from the late 1600s. This evolved as a sound shift\nfrom earlier _asate_. That form appears in texts from the late 900s, still\nyounger than the other terms in this list. \nDerivationally, this appears to be _asa_ + some suffix _-te_. Some sources\nsuggest that this word arose as a contraction, possibly of _asa_ + _sarite_ ,\nthe conjunctive _-te_ form of verb _saru_ (去【さ】る, _\"to become that time\"_ ).\n\nUser Nanigashi commented with a link to [Gogen Allguide](http://gogen-\nallguide.com/). While that site is good for some terms, its entries also\ninclude speculation that doesn't conform to known patterns of Japanese\nphonetic shifts, and [their entry for _ashita_](http://gogen-\nallguide.com/a/ashita.html) is one such problematic entry.\n\nGogen Allguide suggests that _ashita_ somehow derives from _ake_ (in reference\nto \"dawn\" as the \"opening of the day\") + _shida_ (\"time\", a rare ancient\nEastern Old Japanese word). However, there is no known and accepted mechanism\nwhereby the _-ke_ would simply vanish, nor is there any clear reason for the\n_shida_ to become unvoiced _shita_. It is also a bit odd for a rare Eastern\nOld Japanese word to become the basis for a modern mainstream Japanese word;\nancient Eastern dialect forms generally weren't adopted into the mainstream\nvocabulary.\n\nOne clear commonality in all of these terms is the initial _as-_ , which\nappears to be a root form. Interestingly, adjective 浅【あさ】い, which usually\nmeans _\"shallow\"_ , also has a sense of _\"not much time has passed: still\nearly\"_. While the exact mechanics for deriving _ashita_ from this\nhypothetical _as-_ root remain unclear, I think this adjective is probably a\ncognate with these various _\"morning\"_ terms.\n\n* * *\n\nIf the above does not address your question, please comment and I can update.",
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69279
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69279
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"body": "I am writing a report in Japanese, describing how I conducted an experiment.\nThe first two lines are (some information changed for NDA stuff):\n\n> Aを30ｇぐらい秤量し、すり鉢で細粒化しました。 **受皿、粉砕用ふるいの順番で**\n> ふるい振とう器に乗せ、粉砕ボールと細粒化したAを入れ、蓋をしました。\n\nI am pretty sure this conveys the meaning of:\n\n> [I] weighed ~30g of A, and grinded [it] in using a mortar and pestle. In the\n> order of receiving tray, then screen for pulverizing, [I] placed _[them]_ on\n> the shaking machine. Then, [I] put in the pulverizing balls and the grinded\n> OCP, and shut the lid.\n\nSome of these more scientific terminology are hard translate succinctly in\nEnglish, so I tried my best in that sense.\n\n* * *\n\n**Main Question:**\n\nWhen I looked up 順番 on Jisho, most of the sentences had 順番 using the particle\n**に** :\n\n> 彼らは順番に歌を歌った。\n>\n> They each sang in turn.\n\nHowever, the use of で comes from a procedure document my (native) coworker\nwrote. Both seem to me like they could work, に describing a _general style_ of\naction while で describing a more _specific method_. But I am not sure I am\nthinking about this correctly. What could be the reason for picking で over に\nin this situation?\n\n* * *\n\n**Second:**\n\nIf I am correct in assuming that the 「受皿、粉砕用ふるいの順番で」phrase is describing a\nmanner or method, is there an implied [them], like I have in my English\ntranslation, that is dropped due to context? Or is it not necessary since the\n\"order\" references the actual nouns, as opposed to something like \"in\nincreasing order\".",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-04T02:55:36.447",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69256",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-07T15:47:07.373",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "34051",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particle-に",
"word-usage",
"particle-で"
],
"title": "Particle to use with 順番",
"view_count": 149
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[
{
"body": "順番に describes something being done in turns regardless, whilst 順番で describes\nsomething being done in turns and the order is important.\n\nRegarding the given example under main question:\n\n> 彼らは順番に歌を歌った。 \n> They each sang in turn.\n\nEach of them took a turn to sing. That tells everyone of them sang, regardless\nof whom was first, next, or last. In this example, the order is not known or\ndoes not matter.\n\n> However, the use of で comes from a procedure document my (native) coworker\n> wrote. Both seem to me like they could work [...] What could be the reason\n> for picking で over に in this situation?\n\nI would agree with the coworker that 順番で is indeed accurate. If the particle\nis substituted _as it is_ and becomes 順番に, that seems not accurate. The\npreceding particle may be amended for a better sense, but the modified\nsentence would remain ambiguous.\n\n> 受皿、粉砕用ふるいの **順番で** ○ (accurate) \n> 受皿、粉砕用ふるいの **順番に** △ (not accurate) \n> 受皿、粉砕用ふるい **を順番に** △ (ambiguous)\n\nThe last modified sentence tells that the plate and the screen, are set in\norder one by one, but the order is not known or _assumed_ to have been told\nearlier (not true, because the order is not known unless using the particle\nで).\n\nRegarding the second part:\n\n> If I am correct in assuming that the 「受皿、粉砕用ふるいの順番で」phrase is describing a\n> manner or method, is there an implied [them], like I have in my English\n> translation, that is dropped due to context? Or is it not necessary since\n> the \"order\" references the actual nouns, as opposed to something like \"in\n> increasing order\".\n\n順番で would emphasize that the order is important. Therefore, the more\nunderstood translation would be:\n\n> 受皿、粉砕用ふるいの **順番で** ふるい振とう器に乗せ [...] \n> [Set] the receiving plate, pulverizing sieve, in [this aforementioned]\n> order, then place [them] onto the sieve shaker [...]\n\nThat means in this order: The receiving plate comes first (at bottom), then\nfollowed by the sieve (on top of plate), and so on.",
"comment_count": 0,
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69316
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "69260",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "So I'm quite new to Japanese, and I'm having a blast being able to understand\nsome basic compound words based on individual kanji, and in some cases the\nprocess is quite straightforward. However, I don't want to get carried away\nbecause I understand that of course kanji can have, in some cases, many\nreadings, so I could sometimes end up with complete nonsense.\n\nThat being said, in the particular case of my question, is it reasonable to\nassume that the 食 in 月食/日食 can be interpreted as the moon/sun being \"eaten\"\nduring an eclipse or is there another reason to use this kanji? I have read\nthat a different kanji was used before (at least for lunar eclipse, 月蝕), but I\nhaven't been able to find an explanation about the etymology itself or to\nverify that it is indeed as simple as it looks.\n\nThanks in advance !!",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-04T07:34:22.730",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69259",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-09T10:49:03.357",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-04T07:40:00.490",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 10,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"etymology"
],
"title": "Is reasonable to assume that the 食 in 月食/日食 can be interpreted as the sun/moon being \"eaten\" during an eclipse?",
"view_count": 1454
}
|
[
{
"body": "Rather than interpreting「食」as its original meaning _eaten_ , it is probably\nmore accurate to interpret it for its secondary meaning that developed in Old\nChinese: _wear away, corrode, damage [something]_. This is the same kind of\nsemantic extension as English (e.g. _acid **eats away** at metal >\ncorrosion_). Thus, eclipses are a _wearing away_ of the sun or moon.\n\nApart from eclipses,「食」was very early on used to describe similar phenomenon,\nsuch as the transition from a full moon to a new moon. From the [_Book of\nChanges_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Ching):\n\n> 《[易經](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Ching)・豐卦・彖曰》：「日中則昃，月盈則食」\n>\n> _When the sun reaches\n> the[meridian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meridian_\\(astronomy\\))_ [i.e.\n> noon] _, it thus travels west_ [i.e. sets] _. When the moon becomes full, it\n> thus fades away_.\n\nThe _wear away, corrode_ sense is now written as「蝕」, so「食」is the original and\nolder form of the character used in the meaning _eclipse_.\n\n* * *\n\n> In contrast to the later-formed character\n> [「蝕」](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian?kaiOrder=3655), _eclipses_\n> were known as「食」since the [Shang\n> dynasty](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang_dynasty). Eclipses were often\n> interpreted as omens of some sort, and whether or not they were auspicious\n> were corroborated by [oracle bone\n> divinations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_bone). From\n> [《甲骨文合集》33694](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=33694&jgwfl=),\n> read from the bottom sentence then the top sentence:\n>\n\n>> 癸酉貞：日月又（有）食，隹（唯）若？\n\n>>\n\n>> _Divination on_ [癸酉](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%99%B8%E9%85%89)\n_day, it is asked: If the sun or moon is eclipsed, is this an auspicious\nsign?_\n\n>>\n\n>> 癸酉貞：日月又（有）食，⿱非若？\n\n>>\n\n>> _Divination on_ 癸酉 _day, it is asked: If the sun or moon is eclipsed, is\nthis **not** an auspicious sign?_\n\n>\n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/fuFq7.png)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-04T09:23:02.323",
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69259
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69260
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69260
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "69276",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 未来の国からはるばる **と**\n\nThis is the name of the first chapter of \"Doraemon\" (1).\n\nWhat is the function of と in this case?\n\nApparently, it's not for quoting, and it doesn't seems to mean \"if/when,\"\n\"with\" or \"and...\"\n\n[Here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/18484/how-to-\nuse-%E3%81%AF%E3%82%8B%E3%81%B0%E3%82%8B-%E3%81%AF%E3%82%8B%E3%81%B0%E3%82%8B%E3%81%A8-in-\na-sentence) there is one answer in which they say that と turns a word into an\nadverb. But はるばる is an adverb, isn't it?\n\nThank you!",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-04T09:29:07.727",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69261",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-05T17:04:02.650",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-04T10:24:37.040",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31549",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"particle-と",
"adverbs"
],
"title": "The meaning of と in 未来の国からはるばると",
"view_count": 296
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[
{
"body": "My Japanese dictionary says that はるばる is an adverb and sometimes is used with\nと. So you are right — the existence of と doesn’t change the grammatical role\nof はるばる. In fact, はるばる and はるばると are pretty much the same in terms of both\nusage and meaning.\n\nAs background, sometimes adverbs in Japanese are followed by と or に. (See\n[https://kotobank.jp/word/副詞-123983](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E5%89%AF%E8%A9%9E-123983);\nthe 語形的分類 section in ニッポニカ explains this.)\n\nWhether you add と or not depends on each person.\n\nThe following is just my opinion as a native speaker of Japanese. This is\ntotally not a linguistic explanation and my major is not linguistics.\n\nEnding sentences with an adverb _without_ と or に seems unusual (though of\ncourse there are exceptions, but I think most of them are in the narration of\nTV shows or literature).\n\nSo without a と or に following the adverb at the end of the sentence, it makes\nme feel like the sentence has ended suddenly. Adding と at the end of the\nsentence tells readers that there is something omitted at the end of the\nsentence, for example “やってきた”.\n\nThe と helps me recognize that this sentence includes an omitted phrase at the\nend, and as a result I don’t feel that it ends suddenly, making it feel more\nnatural (especially in a language like Japanese where omitting things is\ncommon).",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-05T16:06:30.630",
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69261
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69276
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69276
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{
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"body": "I was studying 禁じ得ない that apparently means \" cannot control, refrain a\nsentiment\". It really feels similar to form such as たまらない、仕方がない、やまない and\nずにいられない, but I don't think it's the case. Can somebody clarify it to me?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-04T14:59:01.353",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69263",
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"owner_user_id": "25880",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "How to use 禁じ得ない？",
"view_count": 133
}
|
[
{
"body": "* 禁じ得ない\n\n * `[noun]`を禁じ得ない \"cannot hold back\"\n\nThis construction can only take **nouns** that mean **emotions** (驚き, 喜び, 笑い,\n涙...). You must find a noun form even if you want to say something in a verb\nor adjective. It is an expression so literary that only becomes a joke when\nyou use it in conversation.\n\n * いられない\n\n * `[verb](nai-stem)`-ずに（は）いられない \"cannot help but\"\n\nSame as above except it only takes **verbs** and not limited to emotions.\n\n * たまらない\n\n * `[verb](masu-stem)`-たくてたまらない \"be dying to\"\n * `[i-adjective]`-くてたまらない \"unbearably; irresistibly\"\n * `[na-adjective]`-でたまらない \"unbearably; irresistibly\"\n\nBasically it takes adjectives to mean the extreme degree of feelings. You can\nalso make use of verb via たい \"want to\" in the middle, but note that it does\n_not_ imply that you actually did it, unlike the two above.\n\n * 仕方（が）ない\n\n * `[verb](masu-stem)`-たくて仕方がない\n * `[i-/na-adjective]`-くて仕方がない\n * `[na-adjective]`-で仕方がない\n * (`[verb](te-form)`-仕方がない \"annoyingly keep --ing\")\n\nInterchangeable with the previous one. There is also the last usage which is\nnot really the same formula, but maybe confusable.\n\n * やまない\n\n * `[verb](te-form)`-やまない \"wholeheartedly\"\n\nLiterally it means \"stop at nothing\", but like \"eternally grateful\" in\nEnglish, it is rather used to say that the feelings never change i.e. in\nearnest. It is often collocated with 求めて \"crave\", 願って \"wish\", or 愛して \"love\"\netc.",
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69263
| null |
69280
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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"body": "I believe that both these forms are used to express a negative tendence, but I\nhave the feeling that they are not always interchangeable. In particolar, I\ngot the impression that 嫌いがある is also used to refer to somebody's attitude, am\nI right?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-04T16:55:30.483",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69264",
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"owner_user_id": "25880",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What's the difference between きらいがあるand がちだ?",
"view_count": 200
}
|
[
{
"body": "Yeah, you're kind of right. With がち you put emphasis on the fact that\nsomething repeatedly happens, while きらいがある focuses on the way things just are\nor what people do as a result of something. However, you can't use きらいがある with\nstuff like the weather, while with がち you can.\n\nGeneral example not pertaining to the last sentence:\n\n> 彼は他人の意見を無視しがちだ。\n\nand\n\n> 彼には他人の意見を無視するきらいがある。\n\nThe first sentence puts emphasis on him frequently ignoring people's opinions,\nwhile the second one stresses the fact that he, as a person, has a tendency to\nignore them.\n\nI feel like I explained it pretty badly, but I still hope you get something\nout of it. Just remember, you can't use きらいがある with natural phenomena and for\ntalking about yourself. Well, unless you like judging yourself in third\nperson...",
"comment_count": 2,
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69264
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69273
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{
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"body": "I first learnt Ga as always attached to Arimasen so still trying to grasp the\nnuances when changed to a Wa.\n\nFrom my understanding of Wa vs Ga differences, it's just simply a matter of\ntopic vs subject marker but I find it pretty interchangeable. Sometimes they\nuse Wa and sometimes Ga without any particular important distinction to make\nwere they to use the other. Eg. 俺を逆らう力はない｡\n\nIt feels like one of those things similar to desu node vs desu kara where one\nis supposedly focused on subject/topic when in reality people just focus on\nthe formal/informal aspects and screw the subject/topic marker part for the\nmost part.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-04T20:43:46.717",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69265",
"last_activity_date": "2021-11-21T16:04:25.350",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "22417",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Differences between Wa Nai and Ga Nai?",
"view_count": 3230
}
|
[
{
"body": "Since what you asked is when wa and ga followed by nai then the difference is\nin the nuances, I prefer to go with topic vs identifier particle.\n\nThe \"ga\" particle identifies a specific property of something while the \"wa\"\nparticle is used only to bring up a new topic of conversation. So you can\nthink that \"ga\" particle always answering a silent question. So its like\n\n●okane ga nai(money is the thing that does not exist.)\n\n●okane wa nai(as for money, does not exist.)\n\nAnd about node and kara it almost interchangeable but like always they are\nexist thus the difference persist. \"kara\" explicitly states that the sentence\npreceding is the reason for something while \"node\" is merely putting two\nsentences together, the first with an explanatory tone. This is something\ncalled causation where \"x\" happened, therefore \"y\" happened. This is slightly\ndifferent from \"kara\" where \"y\" happened explicitly because \"x\" happened. This\ndifference tends to make \"node\" sound softer and slightly more polite and it\nis favored over \"kara\" when explaining a reason for doing something that is\nconsidered discourteous.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-05T12:10:41.843",
"id": "69274",
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"score": -1
}
] |
69265
| null |
69274
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "69268",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "「休校【きゅうこう】」と「急行【きゅうこう】」の発音はどう違いますか。\n\nよろしくお願いします！",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-04T21:49:08.270",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69267",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-07-05T16:00:19.813",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "32952",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"pronunciation",
"homophonic-kanji",
"pitch-accent"
],
"title": "What is the difference between the pronunciation of 「休校【きゅうこう】」and「急行【きゅうこう】」?",
"view_count": 206
}
|
[
{
"body": "Both words have the same reading and pitch accent, so there wouldn't be a\ndifference in pronunciation.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-04T22:13:29.673",
"id": "69268",
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}
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69267
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69268
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69268
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{
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"body": "寒い国に生まれたからといって、寒さに強いわけではない. can anyone explain this pattern 寒さに強い, noun に\nadjective , how to use it and which nouns,adjective can be used in this form ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-04T22:40:45.120",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69269",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-04T23:25:40.330",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34489",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "noun-adjective pattern",
"view_count": 92
}
|
[
{
"body": "「に」in this sentence is just the preposition \"to\", as in \"resistant to cold\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-04T23:25:40.330",
"id": "69270",
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69269
| null |
69270
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"body": "I'm playing a game and looking at an item description. But for the life of me\nI cannot find out what grammar concept is behind the bold portion of the\ndescription.\n\nI know the verb being used is 噛む (to chew). But I don't know how we got to\n噛みちぎれない. It seems like its the verb stem 噛み plus negative ちぎれる. But I can't\nfind anything on the verb stem + another verb\n\nThe item description is\n\n> **噛みちぎれない** ほど 硬～いフランスパン。でも 困った事にとても美味しいのである。 _Something about not chewing_\n> hard French bread. But its very delicious for the annoyance.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-05T05:21:24.937",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69271",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-05T06:09:42.583",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-05T06:09:42.583",
"last_editor_user_id": "30339",
"owner_user_id": "30339",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"verbs"
],
"title": "Don't understand meaning of verb stem + ちぎれない",
"view_count": 103
}
|
[] |
69271
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "> 雪国に暮らす上で大変なことは、毎日の雪かきです。\n\nIn this phrase why didn't we use の particle after 上で?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-05T11:15:02.007",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69272",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-05T13:11:10.360",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-05T13:11:10.360",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34489",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particle-の"
],
"title": "Why isn't の used after 上で here?",
"view_count": 106
}
|
[] |
69272
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was wondering what was the difference between 上で and 次第. As for their\nsignificance I think that they differ a little. On one end, 上で bears the\nmeaning of \"upon doing something\", whilst 次第 implies that \"as soon something\nit's done, also something else can be done\". There are are differences that I\nhave overseen? May I also add that I'm not sure whether to use 上で and てから？",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-05T14:42:10.023",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69275",
"last_activity_date": "2023-05-15T09:05:20.620",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-05T17:47:09.047",
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"owner_user_id": "25880",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What's the difference between 上で and 次第？",
"view_count": 720
}
|
[
{
"body": "Xした上で{うえで} Yをする implies you are required to do X before doing Y. The following\nsentences from [goo辞書](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/thsrs/17265/meaning/m0u/)\n:\n\n> 予約の時間を確認のうえご来店ください\n```\n\n Please come to our shop after making sure your reservation time.\n \n```\n\n> もう一度診断をしたうえで、手術の日時を決めることにしよう\n\n`Let's decide the date of the operation based on another diagnosis.`\n\nX次第でYをする describes the situation of X will occur Y. My example sentence is\nfollowing :\n\n> 2人の選手の試合結果次第で、オリンピックに行けるかどうか決まる。\n```\n\n Depends on the result of two players' match, it decides whether you can go Olympic Games or not.\n \n```\n\n~てから can be interchangeble with 上で in informal.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-20T11:25:07.507",
"id": "69599",
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69275
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69599
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{
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"body": "Why is this i-adjective conjugated to the て form at the end of the sentence?\nWhy not just leave it as 珍しい?\n\nThe only use I know for て form adjectives is so you can chain them together,\nbut there is no other adjective here.\n\n> 田舎育ちだからコンビニが **珍しくて** さ。\n>\n> Convince Stores are rare, because I grew up in the country.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-06T04:09:23.733",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69282",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-06T10:36:40.830",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-06T07:26:34.980",
"last_editor_user_id": "30339",
"owner_user_id": "30339",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"て-form",
"i-adjectives"
],
"title": "What does a て form i-adjective for sentence ending mean?",
"view_count": 88
}
|
[
{
"body": "I write my opinion as a Japanese native speaker. My major is not linguistics. \n \nI think ”田舎育ちだからコンビニが珍しい” is also correct expression. but leaving “”珍しい” feels\nmore literary style. \n \nI think your sentence come from daily conversations (sentence-ending particle\n“さ” is mostly using in conversation ). So the sentence “田舎育ちだからコンビニが珍しくてさ” has\na context. Japanese language is called high context language. In this case, I\nthink there are other events or conversations that cause your sentence. for\nexample, \n \n\n> person A「へぇ、なんでも売ってるんだね。」 \n> person B「コンビニはどこもこんな感じじゃない？」 \n> person A「田舎育ちだからコンビニが珍しくてさ。」 \n> \n>\n\nIn this example, what person A want to say is that 田舎育ちだからコンビニが珍しくて驚いた. So the\ni-adjective is conjugated.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2019-07-06T10:36:40.830",
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69282
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69289
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69289
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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"body": "ゴリラは争いを 嫌う温和 な動物で、こちらが危害を加えないかぎり、人を襲うことはまずない。\n\nin this phrase ゴリラは争いを嫌う温和な動物で, 争い is a object and 嫌う温和 is a modified\nnoun/adjective. How a noun is associated with noun/adjective ?? can anyone\nexplain this sentence structure.Any similar examples also",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-07-06T04:20:34.287",
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"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "sentence structure noun and adjective",
"view_count": 134
}
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[
{
"body": "I can’t understand why you separate the way because my English skill is poor.\nSorry. \nMy separation as a native Japanese speaker is \n\nゴリラは 争いを 嫌う 温厚な 動物で、 \n \n\nmain structure of this phrase is 「ゴリラは温厚な動物(Gorilla is gentle animal)」. \n「争いを嫌う(they hate fights) 」is adding for explaining how they are gentle. \n\nSimilar example is I think \n「それは矛盾を孕む難しい問題だ。」 \n\nI don’t know this is right answer to you, But I hope this help you a little\nbit.",
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"creation_date": "2019-07-06T11:06:03.820",
"id": "69290",
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"body": "> 争い is a object and 嫌う温和 is a modified noun/adjective.\n\n争い is the object of the verb 嫌う. \n争いを嫌う (\"don't like fighting\") is a relative clause that modifies 温和な動物\n(\"gentle animals\").\n\n> ゴリラは［争いを嫌う］温和な動物で... \n> _Gorillas are gentle animals ［that don't like fighting］, and..._\n\n* * *\n\nAlternatively, you could parse it this way:\n\n> ゴリラは［争いを嫌う］［温和な］動物で... \n> _Gorillas are [gentle] animals ［that don't like fighting］, and..._\n\nA relative clause 争いを嫌う and a na-adjective 温和な both modify 動物.\n\n* * *\n\nYou could refer to this thread for the same sentence structure:\n[その日の朝は、いつもと全く変わらない、平凡な朝だった](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/54742/9831)",
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69283
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69294
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "69298",
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"body": "This question refers to the hiragana notation of different syllables, where\nyou indicate the \"soft-spoken\" or \"hard-spoken\" variants of syllables by\nmarking them with a small circle or double strokes. So for instance く would\nbecome ぐ where \"g\" is a \"voiced\" version of \"k\" and a lot of languages make\nthat distinction between \"voiced\" and \"unvoiced\" consonants.\n\nNow to my question: How does \"b\" correspond to a voiced version of \"h\"? In my\nunderstanding, the sounds originate from very different locations in the vocal\napparatus - \"h\" being just the sound of breathing out with some tension\ncreated in the throat or with the tongue while \"p\" and \"b\" originate from the\nlips.\n\nWhy does the Japanese language e.g. refer to ぼ as a voiced ほ?",
"comment_count": 1,
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"score": 2,
"tags": [
"pronunciation",
"phonology",
"rendaku"
],
"title": "Deriving the \"p\" and \"b\" sound from \"h\"",
"view_count": 2591
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[
{
"body": "### /h/ is from original *p\n\nThe Japanese fricative /h/ is reconstructed as coming from earlier *p (a\nvoiceless labial stop; \"labial\" is a phonetic term for consonants pronounced\nwith the lips). You can read more about this in books or articles about the\nphonology and phonetics of Old Japanese; Wikipedia mentions it in the \"[Old\nJapanese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Japanese#Consonants)\" article.\n\nThe development is as follows.\n\nFirst, original *p developed to a voiceless labial fricative [ɸ].\n\nBetween vowels, [ɸ] eventually was voiced, which caused it to merge with the\nvoiced labial approximant /w/. And /w/ in turn was eventually lost before any\nvowel except for /a/. There is an isolated remnant of those sound changes in\nthe irregular modern spellings of the particles は /wa/ and へ /e/, which use\nthe hiragana for \"ha\" and \"he\". Pre-reform spellings have many more examples\nof \"h\"-series kana being used in the middle of words that aren't pronounced\nwith /h/ in modern Japanese. For more details on this, see Boaz Yaniv's answer\nto the following question: [Why are the particles “は” (ha⇒wa), “へ” (he⇒e), and\n“を” (wo⇒o) not spelled\nphonetically?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/379)\n\nIn word-initial position, the voiceless fricative [ɸ] remained, but it ended\nup losing its labial quality before any vowel except for /ɯ/, causing it to\ndevelop further to [h] (some modern Japanese speakers have [h] even before\n/ɯ/). It's not too uncommon for fricatives to lose their original place\narticulation and become [h]; this sound change is called \"debuccalization\" and\napplied in a similar manner in Spanish, turning Latin _f_ in most positions to\n_h_ (which then ended up being lost completely, so Latin _factum_ corresponds\nto Spanish _hecho_ [ˈet͡ʃo]). We have evidence for the pronunciation [ɸ]\noriginally being used before all vowels in the form of the _[Nippo\nJisho](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nippo_Jisho),_ a Japanese–Portuguese\ndictionary from 1603 that uses the spellings \"fa\", \"fi\", \"fu\", \"fe\", and \"fo\"\nto represent the Japanese pronunciation.\n\n### Words with /p/ in modern Japanese\n\nThe plosive /p/ came to be a separate phoneme from /h/ through certain\nprocesses that I don't understand very well. My understanding is that modern\nJapanese words with /p/ usually fall into one of the following three\ncategories:\n\n * onomatopoeic or mimetic words, where the plosive sound [p] seems to have been used for some reason (maybe it somehow was felt to represent the concept better). Example: ぴかぴか _pikapika_ , related to the verb ひかる _hikaru_ (光る).\n\n * words where [p] is part of a geminate cluster [p.p] /Qp/. Old Japanese did not have geminate clusters; they only came to exist in Middle Japanese. Syllables ending in consonants were introduced in words from Chinese, and in certain positions, the syllable-final consonant combined with a following consonant to become a geminate. For example, 一匹 is pronounced いっぴき _ippiki_ because the first part, 一, comes from Chinese and was originally pronounced as a single syllable ending in the consonant *t. The combination *tp turned into the geminate [p.p].\n\nIn the Middle Japanese period, geminates also developed in certain native\nJapanese words from phonological processes like contraction or lengthening. I\ndon't know enough to give a summary, but one example is 河童 (かっぱ _kappa_ )\nwhich [Wiktionary](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E7%AB%A5#Japanese)\nsays is contracted from an original form _kapawa **r** a **p** a_ (→\n/kawawappa/ → /kappa/).\n\n * words where [p] is part of a moraic nasal + voiceless stop cluster [m.p] /Np/. Voiceless stops don't occur in this position in native Japanese words (Rice 126). But they can occur in words that come from Chinese, such as 散歩, which is pronounced さんぽ _sanpo_ (Rice 128). Kumagai lists many more examples in (1c) that show that [p] in this context corresponds to [h] elsewhere.\n\nAs you can see, words pronounced with /p/ in any of these categories often are\nrelated to words pronounced with /h/, as with _ぴかぴか_ _pikapika_ and ひかる\n_hikaru,_ いっぴき _ippiki_ and ひき _hiki,_ さんぽ _sampo_ (散歩) and ほ _ho_ (歩). So\nthere is some benefit to writing syllables starting with /p/ with modified\nversions of the kana for syllables starting with /h/.\n\n### How /b/ is related\n\nBecause of the historical development of /h/ from *p, the sound /b/ acts as\nthe voiced counterpart to /h/ for the purposes of certain sound changes.\n\nFor example, it is possible for /h/ to correspond to /b/ after a moraic nasal.\nApparently, this is usual for native Japanese words: Kumagai 2017 gives the\nexample _hun_ 'to step on' + _haru_ 'stretch' -> _hunbaru_ 'stand firm' (1e,\npage 4). Martin 2004 indicates that _hun_ here is a contraction of _humi_ ([p.\n401](https://books.google.com/books?id=SszxbMtHbs8C&pg=PA401&lpg=PA401&dq=%22hunbaru%22)),\nwhich seems to be a form of the verb ふむ (踏む).\n\nThe sound /h/ also turns to /b/ in the context of _rendaku_ (voicing of the\ninitial consonant of a word when it is the final element of a compound). The\nhistorical development of _rendaku_ seems to be a bit obscure, but one\nhypothesis is that it originally involved the absorption of a preceding nasal\nconsonant originally derived from the particle _no,_ or possibly in some cases\n_ni_ (Vance 338). However, in modern standard Japanese, _rendaku_ can be\ninterpreted as just a morpho-phonological rule that turns voiceless consonants\ninto the corresponding voiced ones in compounds (subject to certain\ncomplicated restrictions).\n\n### Sources:\n\n * Kumagai, Gakuji. 2017. \"[Testing the OCP-labial effect on Japanese rendaku](https://ling.auf.net/lingbuzz/003290)\"\n\n * Martin, Samuel E. 2004. _A Reference Grammar of Japanese._\n\n * Rice, Keren. 1996. \"Japanese NC clusters revisited: is postnasal voicing redundant?\"\n\n * Vance, Timothy J. \"On the Origin of Voicing Alteration in Japanese Consonants\". _Journal of the American Oriental Society_ Vol. 102, No. 2 (Apr. - Jun., 1982), pp. 333-341.",
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69284
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69298
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69298
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"body": "I'm practicing particles as well as general grammar and I'm wondering if this\nis an accurate translation of the English statement: \"I like sunshine, candy,\nand apples.\"\n\n> 私は日光やキャンディやりんごが好きです。\n\nI have two questions beyond \"Is this right?\":\n\n * Do I need to put commas in between the nouns even though they're separated by the particle (や)?\n\n * In the original English statement, I used the conjunction \"and\" (そして), is this needed?",
"comment_count": 0,
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"owner_user_id": "34516",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"particles"
],
"title": "Listing nouns (using \"and\")",
"view_count": 112
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"body": "No, don't put commas after the nouns because that is not how commas are used\nin Japanese. At least not when you're using the particles to denote a listing,\nbut that is a completely different story altogether.\n\nThe way you have it written is perfectly fine. One thing to note is that や\nimplies a partial listing, while と a complete listing.\n\nAs for そして, that one is used to express a sequence of loosely connected\nevents. I barely use it in spoken Japanese, because I feel it's too stiff.\nUnless you wanted to stress the fact that something happened after another\naction, you're better off using the て form of verbs to link sentences.\n\nInstead of this, for example:\n\n> [仕事帰り]{しごとがえり}にコンビニに[寄る]｛よる｝。 **そして** [晩ご飯]｛ばんごはん｝を[買う]｛かう｝。 I'll stop by\n> the convenience store on the way from work and buy dinner.\n\nyou'd be better off saying this:\n\n> [仕事帰り]{しごとがえり}にコンビニに[寄]｛よ｝ **って** [晩ご飯]｛ばんごはん｝を[買う]｛かう｝。",
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69286
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"body": "みなさん,こんにちは。\n\nI was wondering what gramatical structure is best to use when asking for\nadvice as we would in English with 'Should I...?' Or 'should we...?'. I've\ncome across two possible choices but I'm not sure what nuance each structure\nbrings to the sentence. ' ーた ほう が いい です か' and 'ーたら いい です か'\n\nWhat's should I use if I want to say these simple phrases for example:\n\n 1. Should I take of my shoes?\n 2. Should I open the window?\n 3. Should we go to the cinema? \n\nMy attempts:\n\n 1. (私は)靴を脱いだほうがいいですか。\n 2. 窓を開いたらいいですか。\n 3. (私たちは)映画館へ行ったらいいですか。\n\nThanks in advance guys. よろしくお願いします!",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-06T10:18:01.810",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"syntax"
],
"title": "Asking for advice/suggestion \"should I...?\"",
"view_count": 399
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[
{
"body": "I’m Japanese naitive speaker and I don’t study linguistics. \nSo I write my impression and opinion to your attempt. \n\n1「靴を脱いだほうがいいですか」 \nThis is correct and natural sentence because you have now two choices take off\nyour shoes or not. \n\n2「窓を[開]{あ}いたらいいですか」 I think this is a little bit unnatural. first, 窓を[開]{あ}いたら\nis unusual. 窓を[開]{あ}けis natural. \nNow your choice is two 窓を[開]{あ}ける or [開{あ}けない. So I think 窓を[開]{あ}けたほうがいいですか？\nis natural. this is just my impressions, there are possibilities that when you\nsay 窓を[開]{あ}けたらいいですか？ , a few people feel you are irritated. I think this\ndepends on your attitude and facial expression . \n\n3 Sorry, I can’t understand the situation so I can’t judge this is natural or\nnot. But In this case if you have two choice 映画館にいく or 行かない. So 行ったほうがいいですか is\nmore polite expression. \n\nP.S. \nI learned that my feelings that 窓を[開]{ひら}く is unusual is not common sense. \nThis online Japanese dictionary says that 窓を[開]{あ}ける and 窓を[開]{ひら}く is both\nused.\n[https://kotobank.jp/word/明ける-423836](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%98%8E%E3%81%91%E3%82%8B-423836)",
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69287
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69293
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69293
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "69299",
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"body": "While translating something, I was wondering how should I do a certain a line\nbecause I can't determine exactly whether the speaker says it in a way talking\nabout himself or is referring to another character. \nSo there are 2 characters that I will call A and B. A says:\n\n> まだ三戦しかしていないだろう \n>\n\nThis, if I'm translating okay means \"We only (or merely) fought 3 times\", but\nthe reply from character B had me asking just who was he referring to. He says\nthis:\n\n> なんだよ。昨夜はずっと「もうやめてくれ」言ってたくせにさ \n>\n\nSo I was wondering here, how would this line sound? I can see that he is\nquoting, my first interpretation was 'Come on, geez! Even when last night you\nkept saying \"stop it already\"? \nThen I thought, but isn't it possible that B could say it like this?: \nEven though last night **I** said \"give it up already\". \n \nSo, B could be quoting himself? Is that a possibility? Honestly, sometimes I\ndon't know how to identify who was the one who did an action if I don't\nspecifically have a pronoun clearly mentioned (like in this case, maybe if B\nsaid お前, I could go with my first translation). \nI can deduce most of the time without pronouns, but there are instances when I\ncan't figure out. \nI hope I explained well enough...",
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"tags": [
"translation",
"verbs"
],
"title": "言ってた I said or You said",
"view_count": 175
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[
{
"body": "I think your first translation is right and thinking B quote himself is\nstrange.\n\nYour translation of A is I think perfect. \n\n> We fought only three times. \n>\n\nI think key is 〜してたくせに. \nIn conversation, This phrase is mostly used to quote and criticize other’s\nbehavior . \n\nand I also think you can deduce the person who said「もうやめてくれ」from context. \nIn this sentence, A is trying to provoke B to continue “fight” with A. \nSo you can deduce that B said something like “ I want to stop fighting” or B\ncouldn’t continue to fight before the A’s sentence. \nAnd then B respond 「なんだよ」. this represents little sulking of B.(I don’t know\n“sulk” is correct word of ふてくされてる in English) \nthe reason why B is sulking is A change his attitude to “fight”. last night, A\nsaid「もうやめてくれ」 when B tried continued fighting, but tonight A is trying to\ncontinue fighting even though B says someone like what A said last night. \nThis is my interpretation as naive Japanese speaker. \n\nFor the first time I reed your sentence, I thought you translate some kinds of\nBL book. Sorry if I’m wrong. If you explain the whole situation, maybe I can\nexplain this more accurate",
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69292
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69299
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69299
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"body": "There is a JLPT N1 listening practice question from a third-party website, and\nI believe its answer is incorrect, but want to make sure. The script is copied\nbelow.\n\n> 農園で男の人が農業体験の参加者に話しています。参加者はこの後すぐ何をしますか。\n>\n>\n> 男：おはようございます。今日の一日農業体験のスケジュールについてご説明します。ええ、皆さんに事前に配布しました案内では、午前中に畑で野菜の収穫、午後から牛の世話となっていました。それがですね、準備の都合で、午前と午後の作業を入れ替えて実質いたします。ええ、午前の作業が終わったら、この土地の名産や採りたての新鮮な野菜を使った料理を、地元農家の若手グループと一緒に作りたいと思います。昼食時には、彼らの最近の取り組みについて話を聞いていただければと思います。今日一日、よろしくお願いします。\n>\n> 参加者はこの後すぐ何をしますか。\n>\n> 1．野菜を収穫する \n> 2．牛の世話をする \n> 3．食事の準備をする \n> 4．若手グループの話を聞く\n>\n> 正しい答えは2 です。\n\n(source: <https://japanesetest4you.com/japanese-language-proficiency-test-\njlpt-n1-listening-exercise-1/#more-244>)\n\nI don't understand how the answer is not 1. If the 参加者 must immediately\n(この後すぐ) do 牛の世話をする, that would imply it is the afternoon (as described:\n午後から牛の世話となっていました). However, the speaker begins with おはようございます, and speaks of a\nfuture task after the morning tasks are completed (午前の作業が終わったら...), implying\nthat the morning tasks (野菜を収穫する) are not completed yet. Which would mean those\nare the first order of business for the 参加者.\n\nAm I correct in my understanding and choice 1 is correct, or am I completely\nmissing some crucial details here?",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2019-07-06T17:30:13.310",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"jlpt",
"time",
"listening"
],
"title": "JLPT N1 listening question: Confused about sequence of events",
"view_count": 241
}
|
[
{
"body": "You skipped the sentence 「それがですね、準備の都合で、午前と午後の作業を入れ替えて実施(×実質)いたします。」. \n\nIn this sentence, man tells attendances to switch work of morning and work of\nafternoon because of his preparation .",
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"creation_date": "2019-07-06T17:52:50.447",
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},
{
"body": "The correct answer is 2.\n\nThe key sentence is\n\n> それがですね、準備の都合で、午前と午後の作業を入れ替えて実施いたします。\n\nwhich means that the ordering of 畑で野菜の収穫 (initially scheduled for the morning)\nand 牛の世話 (initially scheduled for the afternoon) are now swapped. So the\nmorning task is now 牛の世話.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-06T17:52:57.993",
"id": "69297",
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"last_editor_user_id": "14544",
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"score": 1
}
] |
69295
|
69296
|
69296
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "While studying ばかりだ I found in a grammar book the following example:\n\n> 日本語の成績が下がるばかりだ。\n\nIt was also written that in this sentence ばかりだ cannot be substituted by 一方だ,\nbut searching on the internet I found many sentences with 成績が下がる一方だ. Now, I'm\nnot sure if I didn't understand the difference between ばかりだ and 一方だ, or I read\nthe grammar book incorrectly. Can somebody clarify it to me?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-06T19:15:31.557",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69302",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-07-06T22:50:10.490",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "25880",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Is this sentence grammatically correct?",
"view_count": 215
}
|
[
{
"body": "I don’t know the Japanese grammar correctly. but as a native Japanese speaker,\n成績が下がる一方だ is very natural. \nI also search internet , most japanese article says it’s correct.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-06T19:39:45.093",
"id": "69303",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"parent_id": "69302",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "IMHO both 日本語の成績が下がるばかりだ and 日本語の成績が下がる一方だ are perfectly fine because it's\nabout an undesirable change.\n\n * 一方だ only refers to a temporal change, whereas ばかりだ can refer to a bad thing happening many times (≒\"always\"). \n\n> × 迷惑をかける一方で申し訳ない。 \n> ○ 迷惑をかけるばかりで申し訳ない。\n\n * ばかり almost exclusively describes an undesirable change, whereas 一方だ can also refer to a good change. \n\n> ○ 彼の日本語の成績は上がる一方だ。 \n> × 彼の日本語の成績は上がるばかりだ。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T22:57:12.753",
"id": "69349",
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"score": 6
}
] |
69302
| null |
69349
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "学校の窓ガラスを割った生徒に反省文を書かせました。 in this phrase why did we use two を particles, does\nit mean two objects are here ?? can anyone explan the sentence structure..any\nsimilar examples also",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-07T07:15:42.397",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69305",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-07T14:52:33.833",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-07T11:23:56.953",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "34489",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"relative-clauses"
],
"title": "noun adjective grammar",
"view_count": 137
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 学校の窓ガラスを割った生徒に反省文を書かせました\n\nThe key grammar point you are looking for is \"relative clause\".\n\nThe main sentence here is:\n\n> 生徒に反省文を書かせました \n> _He/she/the teacher_ made the student write an apology\n\nWe can describe what kind of student it was with a relative clause (the part\nin bold):\n\n> **学校の窓ガラスを割った** 生徒 \n> The student who broke the school's window\n\nThe whole relative clause acts like an adjective to describe the noun (生徒)\nthat comes after it.\n\nI won't go into any further detail because now you know the name of it you\nshould be able to find entire lessons on the subject.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-07T10:01:23.917",
"id": "69309",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-07T10:01:23.917",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "7944",
"parent_id": "69305",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "> 割った\n\nThis Japanese trick is called [attributive verb] \n<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attributive_verb>\n\nWhen you start learning Japanese, they tell you that verb always must the at\nthe last position and is used as predicate only. But learning Japanese\nlanguage deeper it turns out, that their verbs can easily be used as\nattributives.\n\n> 彼は窓ガラスを割った。 \n> literally: He window glass broke. \n> _verb as predicate_\n>\n> 彼が割った窓ガラスだ。 \n> literally: (This) by him broken window glass is. \n> _verb as attribute_",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-07T10:31:14.063",
"id": "69310",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-07T10:31:14.063",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
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"owner_user_id": "34165",
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{
"body": "You aren't wrong that there are two objects marked by を, but there are also\ntwo verbs, 割った and 書かせました. This should give you a clue that the sentence is\ncomplex in some sense. The reason is that the first part of your sentence is a\nnoun phrase (a relative clause).\n\nLooking at this example, it is the noun 生徒 that is being modified to give you\na more complex sentence. All that is in the round brackets below is\nessentially one concept.\n\n> (学校の窓ガラスを割った生徒) に反省文を書かせました。\n>\n> [I/they] made (the pupil **who** broke the school's windowpane) write a\n> written apology.\n\nAs you can see, when you have noun phrases like this, with a verb appended to\nthe noun, it usually translates in English as Noun + { **where / what / who /\nthat / which** } + (remaining information).\n\nNote that, often, these clauses will themselves have a subject (usually marked\nby が or の, though not always, see footnote if you wish!), which will change\nwho/what is 'doing' the verb. For example, unlike in your example, where the\npupil broke the window, here it is the girl that wore the dress:\n\n> (彼女が昨日、着ていたドレス)は、素敵{すてき}でした。\n>\n> (The dress **that** the girl wore yesterday) was lovely.\n\nGiven you are unfamiliar with this sort of construction, my advice would be to\ntry and declutter the sentence first: find the \"simple\" version of the\nsentence, before working up to the \"complex\" one. The simple sentence here\nwould be:\n\n> 生徒に反省文を書かせました。\n>\n> (I/they) made the pupil write a written apology.\n\nThen you can tackle the question: what sort of 生徒 was is? Ah, it was a\n学校の窓ガラスを割った生徒.\n\nI would also suggest you look at [Tae Kim's\npost](http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/grammar/clause), and [Maggie\nSensei's post](http://maggiesensei.com/2017/02/04/how-to-modify-a-noun-in-\njapanese/) on these subjects. They provide plenty of examples sentences.\nHopefully that helps!\n\n* * *\n\nFootnote:\n\n_This is a slightly more advanced grammar point that I should add, for\ncompleteness, so feel free not to read this... Japanese is a language where\nyou also -- quite commonly -- have something called a \"gapless relative\nclause\", which is a phenomenon we just do not have in English... In such\nphrases, you must infer the subject of a noun phrase. For example, 痩せる薬 means\n\"diet medicine\" (i.e. medicine that, if I take it, I will lose weight), not\nmedicine which itself loses weight. The latter would be the simple grammatical\ntranslation based on the rules above, but it obviously does not make sense...\nSimilarly, 寿司{すし}を作った人 is not necessarily easy to translate without context.\nIt could mean **either** a) \"the person who made the sushi\", **or** b) \"the\nperson whom (??) made sushi for\", where (??) would be clear from either\npreceding linguistic or non-linguistic context. I wouldn't worry about this\nright now, but do bear it in mind if you come across something that doesn't\nmake much sense according to the clearer rules above!_",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-07T10:45:53.050",
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] |
69305
| null |
69309
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "69336",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I have answered this 知り合い but in answer's sheet it was 付き合い and I don't get\nthe difference.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/XdmmJ.jpg)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-07T12:56:06.280",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69313",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-08T12:31:38.087",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-07T14:26:11.207",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "34583",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"word-usage"
],
"title": "What's the difference between 知り合い & 付き合い?",
"view_count": 537
}
|
[
{
"body": "Here, 知り合い is not possible because of とは and があります.\n\n彼女は昔の知り合いです would have been fine. However, here, the と after 彼女 indicates that\nwe have to choose 付き合い, that is because the verb 付き合う takes the particle と.\n\nAs for the difference between 付き合い and 知り合い, 知り合い is a mere acquaintance\nwhereas 付き合い implies a much closer relationship.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T11:14:49.593",
"id": "69336",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-08T12:26:36.503",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-08T12:26:36.503",
"last_editor_user_id": "4216",
"owner_user_id": "4216",
"parent_id": "69313",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "知り合い refers to _people_. It means \"acquaintance\" in the sense of \"people who\nknow each other\". It's like \"friends\" but not so close as 友達.\n\n付き合い refers to _relationship_. It means \"acquaintance\" in the sense of \"the\nstate of knowing each other\". It's close to 交際.\n\n> 彼女とは昔から付き合いがあります。\n\nLiterally, \"With her, since a long time ago, there has been 付き合い.\" \n→ I've had 付き合い with her for a long time.\n\nTo use 知り合い:\n\n> 彼女とは昔から知り合いです。or \n> 彼女とは昔からの知り合いです。\n\nLiterally, \"With her, since a long time ago, (I've) been 知り合い.\" \n→ She and I have been 知り合い for a long time. \n(i.e. She and I have known each other for a long time.)\n\n(彼女とは昔からの付き合いです would be fine, too.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T12:31:38.087",
"id": "69340",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-08T12:31:38.087",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
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"parent_id": "69313",
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"score": 4
}
] |
69313
|
69336
|
69340
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I encountered this sentence:\n\n提供サービスごとの適切な値付けを行い、事業が継続的・発展的に拡大する戦略を立案する\n\nIs there any way of knowing if this is\n\n 1. **提供サービスごとの適切な値付けを行い、事業が継続的・発展的に拡大する戦略** を立案する\n\nor\n\n 2. 提供サービスごとの適切な値付けを行い、 **事業が継続的・発展的に拡大する戦略** を立案する\n\n?\n\nDo I just have to rely on context?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-07T13:31:03.657",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69314",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-08T23:46:50.000",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "14406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"relative-clauses"
],
"title": "Delimiting prenominal relative clauses",
"view_count": 90
}
|
[] |
69314
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm failing to understand what it means for the 戦い to 委ねる in the below\nsentence. Is there anyone who could clarify what it means in this case?\n\n> この戦いは国の勝ち負けだけじゃなく一人一人がどちらを選ぶのか **委ねている**\n\nAdditional context:\n\nThe country is currently in a state of internal conflict, with one faction\nlooking to split off (due to the corruption in the country) and become their\nown independent state.\n\nThe protagonist is currently taking part in this battle,, but not because they\ncare about the state of the country. They instead want to get revenge on the\nleader of those looking to make an independent state because he killed someone\nclose to her.\n\nThe line above was said by someone who previously fighting alongside the\nprotagonist but joined the other side. They are trying to convince the\nprotagonist to stop seeking revenge, and to join their side.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-07T15:15:04.127",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69315",
"last_activity_date": "2022-07-26T01:05:30.567",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-09T06:40:47.257",
"last_editor_user_id": "31487",
"owner_user_id": "31487",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning"
],
"title": "How to understand 委ねる in this line",
"view_count": 352
}
|
[
{
"body": "“This battle is not only [about] the victory or defeat of the nation; each and\nevery person has entrusted [to this] which [side] to choose.”",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-07T20:03:17.840",
"id": "69322",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-07T20:51:36.710",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-07T20:51:36.710",
"last_editor_user_id": "34458",
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"score": -1
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{
"body": "I think you might be having problems because you're assuming the は is marking\nthe subject when it's actually marking the direct object. That is, it's\nreplacing a を. (See also [this\nquestion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/49081/the-difference-\nbetween-%e3%81%af-and-%e3%82%92).)\n\nWorking out from the middle:\n\n> 一人一人がどちらを選ぶのか\n\nThis is an embedded question acting like a noun phase. (See [this\nquestion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/13034/usage-\nof-%E3%81%8B-after-a-clause) ) meaning \"which one each person chooses.\"\nNormally as the indirect object it would take a に afterward, but nominalizing\nquestions in this way usually deletes the を/が/に.\n\n> 国の勝ち負けだけじゃかく\n\n\"not only the victory/defeat of countries\", i.e. the outcome of the war\nbetween the old country and the rebel country\n\n> この戦い\n\nthe fight (for independence)\n\n> 委ねている\n\n委ねる{ゆだねる} generally means to completely entrust something. That action\nrequires three things: the actor/subject, the trustee/indirect object, and the\nobject entrusted. There are only two of those in this sentence though: the\nobject (the fight for independence) and the trustee (that giant composite\nthing between は and 委ねる). You'd have to infer the subject from context, but\ngiven the speaker I'm betting it's something like \"we\" or \"the rebellion\".\n\nAll together and smoothed out a bit:\n\n> \"We're entrusting this fight (for independence) not only to the\n> (battlefield) victory of our country, but also to which country each\n> individual person chooses.\"\n\nI think the speaker is trying to convince the protagonist that their decision\nof which country to support is significant—they can't say that what side they\nsupport doesn't matter and they're only in it for personal reasons, because\nthe rebellion's success relies on individuals' decisions just like his.\nDeliberately, even, because its success is being partly entrusted to such\ndecisions.\n\nEdit: added ref for は replacing を",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-07-11T02:38:29.517",
"id": "69408",
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}
] |
69315
| null |
69408
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Both かねない and 恐れがある mean that there is the possibility that something bad can\nhappen. However, I would like to know if there are some differences that make\nthem apart. Thank you!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-07T17:55:38.097",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69318",
"last_activity_date": "2019-08-19T10:02:45.357",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25880",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "How to distinguish 恐れがある and かねない？",
"view_count": 219
}
|
[
{
"body": "\"...かねない\" describes you cannot deny that the unwanted things might happen.\n\nI would say\n\n> 早く起きないと、学校に行く電車に乗り遅れかねない。\n\n`You might miss the train which goes to school on time if you do not wake up\nearly.`\n\n\"...恐れがある\" also describes the unwanted things happen. However it is normally\nused on formal things such as weather forecast, stock prices and so on.\n\nI encounter [the\nsentence](https://tenki.jp/forecaster/t_okamoto/2019/07/19/5296.html) from\ntenki.jp :\n\n> 沖縄や西日本、東日本は、あす20日(土)にかけて大雨のおそれがある。\n\n`In Okinawa, Western Japan, or Eastern Japan there is a risk that it will rain\nheavily from now to tomorrow, 20th on Saturday.`",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-20T09:43:11.447",
"id": "69598",
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"owner_user_id": "34735",
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"score": 2
}
] |
69318
| null |
69598
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "69323",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Why in this sentence the stem of the verb is used instead of the verb 炒める\nitself?\n\n> まず、玉葱を炒め、次に肉を入れて下さい。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-07T19:43:09.763",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69320",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-08T00:58:06.177",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30049",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "The use of verb stem in the sentence",
"view_count": 225
}
|
[
{
"body": "Most often in literary or written formats, you will see the 'verb stem' used\nin this way as a less 'colloquial' alternative to the て-form. So your example\ncan also be rendered as follows:\n\n> まず、玉葱を炒め **て** 、次に肉を入れて下さい。\n\nSee also this thesis entitled [\"On Japanese Coordinate Structures: An\nInvestigation of Structural Differences Between the -te and the\ni-form\"](https://etd.ohiolink.edu/!etd.send_file?accession=osu1392805640&disposition=inline),\nif you are interested to read a rather more detailed treatment on the subject!\n\nHope that helps!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-07T20:25:51.570",
"id": "69323",
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}
] |
69320
|
69323
|
69323
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "hello minasan konnichiwa, what the different te and tte? what te = ( e ru and\ni ru) or to another? and tte =(a, o , u ru)?\n\nbecause some word i can fine like hairu ( to come in ) become haitte, why not\nhaite?\n\nthanks, arigatoo",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T01:21:34.957",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69326",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-08T05:49:23.713",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34589",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"て-form"
],
"title": "what the different te and tte?",
"view_count": 958
}
|
[
{
"body": "Verbs conjugate pretty cleanly depending on their type, as [explained in\nWikipedia for the te-\nform](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_verb_conjugation#te_form). E.g.\nall godan verbs ending in -る (e.g. 入る) become -って (入って).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T05:49:23.713",
"id": "69333",
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69326
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69333
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "69338",
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"body": "> ただでさえ子供みたいなのかもっとそう見えてくるから\n\nI asked this once in some other site. Basically, this is a dialogue from 2 old\nladies complaining about their husbands. Here's the full dialogue.\n\n> Lady 1: ろくな稼ぎでもないくせにメシだお風呂だウルセーんですよ\n>\n> Lady 2: 紗月ちゃんは子供がいないだけマシかもね...\n>\n> Lady 2: ただでさえ子供みたいなのかもっとそう見えてくるから\n\nI think I understand what the 2nd and 1st line mean. (Though I'm not sure if\nthe 2nd line implies that Lady 2 has children.)\n\nIt's just the 3rd line that's giving me trouble. I've learned how to use たださえ\nand みたい but the \"なのかもっと\" in the middle is confusing me.\n\nIs \"のか\" separate from the \"な\" or is just \"なのか\"? What does it do in the\nsentence?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T02:20:42.603",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69327",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-09T02:10:47.727",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "33999",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "What does \"なのかもっと\" mean here?",
"view_count": 205
}
|
[
{
"body": "I know you said that only the third line was a problem for you, but let me\nhandle the whole dialogue that you quoted.\n\n> Lady 1: ろくな稼ぎでもないくせにメシだお風呂だウルセーんですよ \n> Lady 1: My husband can't even bring in much money and order me just as if\n> as I was his maid, he's unbearable. (pretty liberal translation)\n\n\n\n> Lady 2: 紗月{さつき}ちゃんは子供がいないだけマシかもね... \n> Lady 2: That's probably a good thing that you (=紗月{さつき}ちゃん) don't have kids\n> ...\n\n\n\n> Lady 2: ただでさえ子供みたいなの **が** もっとそう見えてくるから \n> Lady 2: 'cause having kids would make you feel even more so.\n\n * 子供みたいな = things like kids\n * そう = ウルセー in sentence 1\n * もっとそう見えてくる = would looks like even more unbearable.\n\nただでさえ is here as an intensifier, it's used to underline that the situation\nwithout the problem is already quite dire, so when another problem stack up,\nthe situation is so dire you can't help.\n\nHere, the dire situation is: 紗月ちゃん coping with her husband alone. Now, let's\nimagine she had kids…",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T11:42:53.640",
"id": "69338",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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},
{
"body": "> 紗月ちゃんは子供がいないだけマシかもね...\n>\n> Your situation may be better than mine because you don't have a child...\n\n> ただでさえ子供みたいなの **が** もっとそう見えてくるから\n>\n> (I'm saying this) Because (if you had a child,) the one who is already like\n> a child would look more so.\n>\n> → Your childish husband will start to look even more childish (if you have a\n> real child, because, unlike our husbands, real children are earnest and\n> hardworking beings), you know!\n\n * [ただでさえ](http://www.jgram.org/pages/viewOne.php?tagE=tadadesae) is a set phrase which literally means \"even in its plain state\". It's used to compare something with something more extreme. Here \"already\" should be a good translation.\n * 子どもみたいなの is \"the one who is like a child\" and it refers to their lazy husbands. Here, の is a special noun meaning \"one(s)\", \"the thing\", etc. The following が is just a subject marker.\n * そう refers to \"childish\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-09T01:08:18.147",
"id": "69353",
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"score": 4
}
] |
69327
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69338
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69353
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "69331",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am trying to understand the sentence 人の批難など一切気にかけようともなさらない。However, I have\nnot been able to parse かけようとも into any words and particles I can identify or\nfind in a dictionary.\n\nSo I want to know 1) what are the words/particles in this piece of the\nsentence, and 2) what does 一切気にかけようともなさらない mean?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T02:35:27.373",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69328",
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"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33378",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of 一切気にかけようともなさらない in this sentence?",
"view_count": 705
}
|
[
{
"body": "[気にかける](https://jisho.org/word/%E6%B0%97%E3%81%AB%E3%81%8B%E3%81%91%E3%82%8B)\nis a set phrase which means \"to care about\", \"to worry about\". `一切 (+ ない)` is\n\"(not) at all\". This 一切 is a stiff [negative polarity\nitem](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/16060/5010) that works like まったく.\n`よう + と + する` is \"to try to do ～\", and なさる is an honorific version of する.\n[など](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/60238/5010) and も are for emphasis.\n\n * 人の批難を気にかける: to worry about other's criticism\n * 人の批難を気にかけようとする: to try to worry about other's criticism\n * 人の批難を気にかけようとなさる: (honorific version of the above)\n * 人の批難を **一切** 気にかけようとなさら **ない** : not to try to care about other's criticism at all\n * 人の批難 **など** 一切気にかけようと **も** なさらない: (emphatic version of the above)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T03:55:39.647",
"id": "69331",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "69328",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
}
] |
69328
|
69331
|
69331
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "69330",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was reading Nagatoro where this girl is teasing her senpai. But she says\nthis line that confuses me.\n\n> 我慢するなら初めからほじくり返すからね\n\nFrom what I've learned, I understand this goes like \"If you endure, I'll\ndisclose (it) from the beginning.\" Though, that sentence doesn't really make\nsense to me. Which is why I\"m here.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T03:36:25.237",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69329",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-08T03:48:00.790",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34297",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "How does \"ほじくり返す\" work in this sentence?",
"view_count": 75
}
|
[
{
"body": "This ほじくり返す is \"to bring up again\" or \"to rehash\" rather than \"to disclose\".\nWithout more context, this sentence sounds to me like the girl is going to\ntalk about the senpai's embarrassing past until he/she gives up. If it still\ndoesn't make sense, please share more context.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T03:48:00.790",
"id": "69330",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-08T03:48:00.790",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "69329",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
69329
|
69330
|
69330
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "69335",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've seen it on several sites now like this one.\n<https://bokete.jp/boke/52796390>\n\nSeems like some sort of insult to me. I'm not sure what ついてん means here.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T05:21:36.330",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69332",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-08T10:18:22.777",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33999",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "What does \"目ついてんのか\" mean?",
"view_count": 371
}
|
[
{
"body": "It means \"(顔に)目(が)ついてるのか\". る change to ん , which is a colloquial way. 目ついてんのか\nimplies that you seem not to have eyes and seem to be able to see nothing.\nThis phrase is very rude and used to revile someone. For example, when a\nperson bumped into someone on the street, he may say it with anger, then they\nmay fight.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T10:18:22.777",
"id": "69335",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-08T10:18:22.777",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "69332",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
69332
|
69335
|
69335
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "自由に歩けなくても... 自由で歩けなくても.. can anyone differentiate this",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T11:30:43.087",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69337",
"last_activity_date": "2021-10-22T16:06:45.553",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-08T11:34:21.303",
"last_editor_user_id": "542",
"owner_user_id": "34489",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What is the difference between 自由に and 自由で?",
"view_count": 348
}
|
[
{
"body": "If you want to say \"unable to walk freely\", 自由に歩けない is the only correct\noption. 自由に is the adverbial form of 自由.\n\n自由で is the te-form of 自由だ, so it's used to connect two adjectives or clauses.\nThe first part often works as the reason/cause of the second part (see [te-\nform for reason](https://www.learn-japanese-adventure.com/te-form-cause-\nreason.html)). Technically speaking, 自由で歩けない means \"to be free and (thus)\nunable to walk\", but this makes little sense.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-09T17:40:10.803",
"id": "69371",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-09T17:40:10.803",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "69337",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
69337
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69371
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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"body": "Why is there a “は” after 以前 in the following sentence? I would have guessed it\nwould read 以前 by itself or 以前に。\n\n人々は人間しか言語を使えないと以前は考えていた。 People used to think that only humans could use\nlanguage.\n\nFound this sentence from the Examples in the dictionary app Midori.\n\nMany thanks in advance! Paul",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T12:03:52.770",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69339",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-08T12:03:52.770",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34597",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"particle-は"
],
"title": "Why the second “は“ in this sentence?",
"view_count": 92
}
|
[] |
69339
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "69343",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I had always thought that the phrase `お高くとまる` consisted of the adverbial `お高く`\ncombined with the verb `とまる`. I never actually paid much attention to the\nliteral meaning since it is obviously a figurative phrase (meaning 'to assume\nan air of importance'). However, I noticed in a dictionary that the `と` might\nactually be an adverbial `と` rather than being part of the verb. See below:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/XHIxi.jpg)\n\nIn the 例文 example, it is written in katakana as `ト`, presumably to\ndifferentiate it from `まる`. So I searched for the verb `まる` (lemma) but I\ncould only find one instance:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/JxxAE.jpg)\n\nThe doesn't seem to make sense in the context unless the meaning is derived\nfrom something like \"to excrete from a high place\" or something like that.\nMaybe that's possible?\n\nSo is it `とまる` (one word) or is it `～（と）まる` (particle plus verb)?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T14:40:51.303",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69341",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-08T16:50:51.623",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particles",
"idioms"
],
"title": "What is the correct parsing of お高くとまる?",
"view_count": 317
}
|
[
{
"body": "I'm curious which dictionary you used to find that odd kana-ization?\n\nSearching for the kana string おたかくとまる over on\n[Kotobank](https://kotobank.jp/), a decent online dictionary aggregator\nsourcing from reputable native-language Japanese dictionaries, gives us\n[several relevant\npages](https://kotobank.jp/gs/?q=%E3%81%8A%E3%81%9F%E3%81%8B%E3%81%8F%E3%81%A8%E3%81%BE%E3%82%8B).\nThe [Nihon Kokugo Dai Jiten entry for the 御高くとまる\nspelling](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E5%BE%A1%E9%AB%98%E3%81%A8%E3%81%BE%E3%82%8B-2016506)\nincludes the following sample sentence from the 1898 novel 恋慕【れんぼ】ながし by\n小【お】栗【ぐり】風【ふう】葉【よう】:\n\n> 悪【わる】くお高【たか】くばかり留【とま】ってゐりやがって\n\nWe also find [an entry in the same dictionary for\n高【たかく】止【と】まる](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E9%AB%98%E6%AD%A2%E3%81%BE%E3%82%8B-2058785),\nwith alternative older Western-influenced reading たこうとまる, and a quote from the\n1686 work 好【こう】色【しょく】一【いち】代【だい】女【おんな】:\n\n> 高【たか】ふとまって鶏【けい】鳴【めい】別【わか】れにも客【きゃく】ををくらず\n\nThen in [the Daijirin entry for\n止まる・留まる・止る・留る・停まる](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%AD%A2%E3%81%BE%E3%82%8B%E3%83%BB%E7%95%99%E3%81%BE%E3%82%8B%E3%83%BB%E6%AD%A2%E3%82%8B%E3%83%BB%E7%95%99%E3%82%8B%E3%83%BB%E5%81%9C%E3%81%BE%E3%82%8B-343205)\n(all various spellings of とまる), we see a note at the bottom of the entry:\n\n> **［慣用］** お高く－ ・ 御【お】目【め】に－ ／目にも留まらぬ\n\nWe have multiple entries in at least two different dictionaries from separate\npublishers, all indicating that the とまる is the verb, and not adverbial と +\nsome other verb まる. So ultimately, I think the online dictionary you\nreferenced has a typo.\n\n**PS:** Grammatically, adverbial と after an adjective in the adverbial ～く form\nwould be very odd. That said, language is a human affair and thus inevitably\nmessy and full of oddness, so it's best to check. :)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T16:50:51.623",
"id": "69343",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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}
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69341
|
69343
|
69343
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "69344",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In my book, they translated it in to:\n\n> Konbini no hidari ushiro ni honya ga arimasu.\n\nBut from earlier examples of the book it should switch konbini with honya\n\n> honya no ... Konbini ga... .\n\nthe previus example is:\n\n> There is chair in front of the desk.\n>\n> tsukue no mae ni isu ga arimasu.\n\nSorry if its a trivial question, but I can't wrap my head around it",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T16:41:25.790",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69342",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-12T14:52:04.500",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "34582",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"syntax"
],
"title": "I want to say \"There is a convenience store behind the bookstore on the left\"",
"view_count": 416
}
|
[
{
"body": "That reads funny to me. I should stress I'm not a native speaker, but my\nparsing for the textbook example goes as such:\n\n> Konbini no hidari ushiro ni [honya] ga arimasu.\n\n...where the noun in brackets is the subject. In this case, a described\n本屋｛ほんや｝( _honya_ ) is the subject, which isn't equivalent to the given\nEnglish. As such, the example sentence of \"There is a convenience store behind\nthe bookstore on the left.\" doesn't align with the sample.\n\nMy crack at a sentence like this, to translate the English, would be:\n\n> 左｛ひだり｝にある本屋｛ほんや｝の後｛うし｝ろにコンビニがあります。 \n> Hidari ni aru honya no ushiro ni KONBINI ga arimasu. \n> There is a convenience store behind the bookstore on the left.\n\nExplaining how I got there:\n\n> コンビニがあります。 \n> KONBINI ga arimasu. \n> There is a convenience store.\n>\n> 本屋｛ほんや｝の後｛うし｝ろにコンビニがあります。 \n> honya no ushiro ni KONBINI ga arimasu. \n> There is a convenience store behind the bookstore.\n>\n> 左｛ひだり｝にある本屋｛ほんや｝ \n> hidari ni aru honya \n> The bookstore on the left ( _noun phrase_ )\n\nThen, replacing the simple 本屋｛ほんや｝( _honya_ ) noun with the noun phrase\n左｛ひだり｝にある本屋｛ほんや｝( _hidari ni aru honya_ ) should give us our desired result.",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T18:50:51.217",
"id": "69344",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-08T23:05:52.420",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
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"owner_user_id": "21684",
"parent_id": "69342",
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"score": 2
}
] |
69342
|
69344
|
69344
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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"body": "I am currently teaching myself japanese and I was listening to a japanese song\nand one of the words in that song was 生きて and as I am learning, I wanted to\nsee what the first letter meant (or radical, whatever its called) and saw it\nis pronounced \"nama\" but when in the 生きてform is pronounced as \"i\". Why is this\nand how exactly should i know what to say if it changes?",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T20:34:12.003",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69345",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-08T21:56:30.577",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-08T21:56:30.577",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "34602",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"learning",
"multiple-readings"
],
"title": "Why does 生 change pronunciation. e.g. 生 = nama but 生きて＝ ikite",
"view_count": 177
}
|
[] |
69345
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "In an exercise, the following sentence came out:\n\n(complete the sentence with the propositions in the right order, and say which\nproposition matches the star)\n\n> 母の誕生日に_____ _____ ***** _____贈った\n>\n> A. 編んで\n>\n> B. 心を\n>\n> C. セーターを\n>\n> D. 込めて\n\nThere's no real doubt about B and D, since 心を込める is a frozen expression. Also,\nI'm pretty confident the meaning is \"For my mother's birthday, I put my heart\ninto knitting a sweater for her\". So my guess was C, and the sentence was:\n\n> 母の誕生日に心を込めて **セーターを編んで** 贈った。\n\nBut it comes out that the expected answer was A. The only structure that makes\nsense to me is:\n\n> 母の誕生日に心を込めて **編んでセーターを** 贈った。\n\nI'm not 100% confident about the source of this exercise, so is this really\nthe right answer?\n\nWhat bugs me is the fact that the object セーター comes _after_ its verb 編む. Does\nJapanese grammar actually allows that? If so, how frequent is it to say the\nverb before the object?",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T22:32:43.850",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69347",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "18582",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"て-form",
"object"
],
"title": "Chaining verbs with ~て with an object",
"view_count": 101
}
|
[] |
69347
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "69352",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "[Context](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/easy/k10011985351000/k10011985351000.html):\n\n> このお祭りは、３８０年以上前、神社の場所が移ることを祝って木の車に太鼓をのせて町を歩いたことから **始まりました** 。 \n> Over 380 years ago this festival originated from celebrating the move of\n> the shrine and walking through town carrying a drum on a wooden cart. \n> ７日は、馬に乗った武士や昔の人の格好で歩く子どもたち **に続いて** 、１９台の山車が引かれて行きました。 \n> On the 7th _it continued to_ children who walked in the guise of people\n> from olden times and warriors on horse back, and 19 parade floats were\n> pulled along.\n\nWhen I started to ask this question I had no idea how to understand に続いて. My\ncurrent guess is that に続いて pairs with 始まりました from the previous sentence, i.e.\nthe festival originated (始まる) from doing X but continues (続く) to this day by\ndoing Y.\n\nHave I understood this correctly? If I'm right it feels a bit strange that a\nspecific date is given rather the just 今 or この頃 or something like that.\nObviously I can understand that they want to tell us what date the festival\nwas, but my English translation seems awkward. I wonder how natural the\nJapanese is?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T22:34:48.257",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69348",
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"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"reading-comprehension"
],
"title": "Meaning of に続いて in this sentence",
"view_count": 94
}
|
[
{
"body": "This seems to me to be the 'set expression' use of に続いて, to mean \"following\"\nor \"in the wake of\" or similar (I suppose if you wanted a semi-structural\ntranslation, you could say 'continuing on from'?). To take your translation:\n\n> ７日は、馬に乗った武士や昔の人の格好で歩く子どもたちに続いて、１９台の山車が引かれて行きました。\n>\n> On the 7th, **in the wake of** the children who walked in the guise of\n> people from olden times and warriors on horse back, 19 parade floats were\n> pulled along.\n\nI don't have a good sense if this is awkward in Japanese, but that\ninterpretation could work with what the video clip is showing too.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-08T23:33:56.657",
"id": "69352",
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69348
|
69352
|
69352
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I often see people use in twitter smth like「ｺﾞｸﾘ」, usually in the end of the\nsentence. What does it mean?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-09T04:42:12.860",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69354",
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"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34606",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "What does「ｺﾞｸﾘ」mean?",
"view_count": 828
}
|
[
{
"body": "ゴクリ (ごくり) is an onomatopoeia for swallowing down something once, in this case,\nsaliva ( _*gulp*_ ). It is used to suggest that someone sees something\n\"tasty\", or holds breath expecting something. Written in [halfwidth\nkatakana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Half-width_kana) in the end of a\nsentence because it is a long-standing format for short text elements in\nJapanese memes. While the onomatopoeia has many variants like ごくっ, ごっくり etc.,\nI have only seen it in particular forms ｺﾞｸ or ｺﾞｸﾘ as internet slang.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-09T05:17:07.133",
"id": "69355",
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"score": 9
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69354
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"body": "Here is the dialogue containing the word.\n\n> A: かってな推測はやめろう おれは青山なんざ...\n>\n> B: 自分をごまかすのはいいかげんで **やめにしい** な なんでもっときびしく現実をみつめようとはせんのや",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-09T06:41:37.957",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69357",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-09T09:44:04.433",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-09T09:44:04.433",
"last_editor_user_id": "7320",
"owner_user_id": "9559",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"words",
"colloquial-language",
"manga",
"kansai-ben"
],
"title": "What does the word 「やめにしい」 mean?",
"view_count": 220
}
|
[
{
"body": "やめにしいな is a way of saying \"stop!\" in Kansai-ben.\n\n * [`止め【やめ】 + に + する`](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E3%82%84%E3%82%81%E3%81%AB%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B/) is a set phrase meaning \"to cancel\", \"to stop\", \"to give up\", \"to quit\", etc. Here its object is 自分をごまかすの (\"deceiving yourself\").\n * しい (also written as しー, しぃ) is a Kansai-ben version of しろ. For example, 早くしろ/早くしな (\"Hurry!\") becomes はようしい. See: [What is the meaning of 「まちいな」?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/34604/5010)\n\n> 自分をごまかすのはいいかげんでやめにしいな \n> Stop deceiving yourself already!",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-09T09:25:56.423",
"id": "69360",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-09T09:37:13.317",
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"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
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"score": 4
}
] |
69357
|
69360
|
69360
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 4,
"body": "Would it be correct to say:\n\n> 「どのくらい夢がありましたか。」\n\nI don't really know. This is for a Japanese assignment I have at school.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-09T09:09:36.760",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69359",
"last_activity_date": "2019-10-11T08:34:06.450",
"last_edit_date": "2019-10-11T06:26:15.963",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"expressions",
"english-to-japanese"
],
"title": "How to say \"How long have you had this dream?\"",
"view_count": 762
}
|
[
{
"body": "どのくらい夢がありましたか may be interpreted as \"How many dreams did you have?\" rather\nthan “How long have you had this dream?”. I think \"どのくらいこの夢を持ち続けていますか?\" is\nmore an appropriate translation for “How long have you had this dream?”.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-09T11:01:58.387",
"id": "69362",
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},
{
"body": "I would add この (this) - どのくらいこの夢がありましたか. In Japanese, a lot of meaning is\nimplied and not as specific as in English, however, if you want to be specific\nthis should do the trick.\n\n@Tchibi-kun's basic structure in his answer above with この夢をは、どのくらい有られていったね?\ncan used and is used a lot over here in Japan. First, state the object of your\nquestion to be specific, then ask the question. Extremely common here. Don't\nneed the を though. can say:\n\nこの夢は、どのくらい.....?\n\nor\n\nこの夢のは、どのくらい.....?\n\nand other similar options ( these are \"spoken\" options, don't always play as\nwell in written form ).",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-09T14:15:35.477",
"id": "69365",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-09T14:15:35.477",
"last_edit_date": null,
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{
"body": "Sorry, I didn't understand (I am not English native) if you by \"dream\" in this\ncase meant:\n\n1) An aspiration / \"target that is difficult to achieve\"\n\n2) Something that you \"see\" when you are asleep (and, if this was the case,\none which is repeating, ie the person is asking when you for the first time\nsaw the reappearing dream / nightmare)\n\nLuckily ゆめ works for both,but,\n\na) If not knowing which one, I would say \"その夢はいつからですか\" (to avoid choosing\nbetween \"いつから見てます\"/\"初めていつ見ましたか\" and \"いつからもってますか\"\n\nb) If I new it was 1), I would say \"その夢はいつからもっていますか\"\n\nc) If I knew it was 2), I \"その夢を初めて見たのはいつ(ごろ)ですか\"",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-09T14:22:12.900",
"id": "69367",
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{
"body": "If \"dream\" refers to an aspiration, here are some more options:\n\n> その夢はいつ(頃)から抱いているのですか？ \n> いつ(頃)からその夢を抱いているのですか？ \n> その夢を抱いているのはいつ(頃)からですか？\n>\n> その夢はどれくらい前から抱いているのですか？ \n> どれくらい前からその夢を抱いているのですか？ \n> その夢を抱いているのはどれくらい前からですか？\n>\n> その夢は何年前から抱いているのですか？ \n> 何年前からその夢を抱いているのですか？ \n> その夢を抱いているのは何年前からですか？\n>\n> その夢はどれくらいの期間抱き続けているのですか？ \n> どれくらいの期間その夢を抱き続けているのですか？\n>\n> その夢は何年間抱き続けているのですか？ \n> 何年間その夢を抱き続けているのですか？\n\nYou can, of course, replace 何年 with other lengths, such as 何ヶ月 or 何十年.\n\nAlso, I prefer その夢 to この夢 because the dream belongs to the listener and thus\nis closer to him/her than to the speaker.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-10-11T08:34:06.450",
"id": "72414",
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}
] |
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{
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"body": "Hi may I ask for explanation of the following, I read here form verb 座る (sit)\nand polite form 掛ける\n\nfor form Please sit down there is this forms 座る -> 座れ (very rude) -> 座って\n(better form) -> 座ってください (polite form)\n\nand my problem is this, the form 座り I know this form is using in this example\n座りなさい (not so much polite form, talk for ex. to children)\n\nBUT\n\nお座りください (is one of polite form for please sit down) but for incentive this\nverb should be use in TE form, isn't? so why is missing って and why is there\nform for ~なさい form and from this is really using for higher polite speak?\n\nand second thing, same for 掛ける, there is itself verb for KEIGO language\n\nお掛けください same trouble for me, 掛ける is 掛けて (て is missing too, why?)\n\nThank you a lot for any help",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-09T09:59:54.593",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69361",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-18T01:10:28.943",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34609",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"て-form",
"keigo",
"formality"
],
"title": "explanation verbs form 座る 座って 座り",
"view_count": 149
}
|
[] |
69361
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "69366",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Weblio gives both the meaning of role or part (duty is there too as a less\nused meaning), so I assume the difference is on the nuances. In addition, 役割\nseems to be much more used by Japanese natives than 役回り. The few examples I\ncould find of 役回り carried negative connotations, either regarding duties or\nwhen it came to acting, it was used to refer to playing a villainous\ncharacter. Does 役回り always have a negative meaning?\n\n<https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/%E5%BD%B9%E5%9B%9E%E3%82%8A>\n\n<https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/%E5%BD%B9%E5%89%B2>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-09T13:25:28.360",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69364",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-09T14:18:38.777",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-09T13:30:38.680",
"last_editor_user_id": "31757",
"owner_user_id": "31757",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"nuances"
],
"title": "What's the difference between 役割 and 役回り?",
"view_count": 308
}
|
[
{
"body": "役回り is not necessarily _negative_ , but it's something _passive_. 明鏡国語辞典\ndefines 役回り as:\n\n> ### やく‐まわり【役回り】\n>\n> 役の回りあわせ。割り当てられた役目。\n>\n> (※回り合わせ = twist of fortune)\n\nThat is, you don't actively take some 役回り, but you passively (or sometimes\nrandomly) end up being assigned to some 役回り. No one wants to actively take a\nbad role, so it is true that 役回り tends to refer to negative roles. But 役回り can\nalso refer to a good role assigned to someone, as you can see in the following\nexamples in BCCWJ.\n\n> * 各人が適材適所の **役回り** で対応している。\n> * 各キャラが良い **役回り** を貰ってて楽しめますしね。\n> * 色紙を仕上げる役を引き受けた訳だけど、とても幸福な **役回り** をもらったように思う。\n>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-09T14:18:38.777",
"id": "69366",
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}
] |
69364
|
69366
|
69366
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "69370",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In a chat with a Japanese person, he told me\n「ドイツ語で読んだことのある本を日本語で読んでみるのはどうですか？」 Context is that we talked about books.\n\nCan someone translate that into English and explain me what the ことのある本 part\nmeans?\n\nI saw this ある already sometimes but I never understood it. Does ある本 mean\n\"existing book\"?\n\nEDIT: Thinking about it again, I wondered if\n「ドイツ語で読んだ本を日本語で読んでみるのはどうですか？」means the same as the other sentence above. Or is\nthere a difference?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-09T15:01:22.967",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69368",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-10T10:04:47.260",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-09T15:24:19.763",
"last_editor_user_id": "34611",
"owner_user_id": "34611",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"meaning"
],
"title": "What does <verb>ことのある<noun> mean?",
"view_count": 683
}
|
[
{
"body": "The sentence can be changed to ドイツ語で読んだことがある本. の is used as a subject marker\nin some cases.\n\nしたことがある means \"have experience in doing\", and present perfect tense is used\nfor it such as \"Have you been to Japan?(日本に行ったことがありますか?).\n\nドイツ語で読んだことがある本 is a relative clause. It is translated as \"The book that you\nhave read before in German\".\n\nIt means almost the same as \"ドイツ語で読んだ本\". If I say about a little difference,\n読んだ is past tense and 読んだことがある is an experience.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-09T17:39:53.243",
"id": "69370",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-10T10:04:47.260",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-10T10:04:47.260",
"last_editor_user_id": "7320",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "69368",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
69368
|
69370
|
69370
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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"body": "Since the word order in Japanese is kinda vague and also mostly reversed to\nwhat English speakers are used to, I always wondered how to say things like\nthat in Japaense:\n\n 1. `The boy said the following: 'Sample Text'`\n 2. `Please look at the following picture.`\n\nI also do not know what \"the following\" in general means in Japanese.\n<https://jisho.org/search/the%20following> I never heard any of those that\nJisho.org have listed.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-09T17:09:40.670",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69369",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-09T17:09:40.670",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "34611",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation"
],
"title": "How to say \"The following\" in Japanese",
"view_count": 625
}
|
[] |
69369
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "69377",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "What is the difference between\n\n> 貴方{あなた}には、会うべき御方{おかた}がいるはずです。\n\nand\n\n> 貴方{あなた}には、会うべき御方{おかた}がいる。（or います for politeness）\n\n?\n\nAccording to\n[Jisho.org](https://jisho.org/search/%E3%81%AF%E3%81%9A%E3%81%A7%E3%81%99)\nはずです means \"be supposed or expected to (do)\" but that does not go in my head\nfor some reason.\n\nWithout はずです the sentence means: `\"There is someone you should meet.\"`",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-09T21:32:46.737",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69372",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-10T02:20:26.330",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34611",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning"
],
"title": "Explaination for はずです?",
"view_count": 333
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 貴方には、会うべき御方がいる。\n\nliterally: You should-meet friend exists(anim.). \nmeans: there is someone who should meet you.\n\n> 貴方には、会うべき御方がいるはずでだ。\n\nliterally: You should-meet friend exists(anim.) supposed is (\"should-ed\" is). \nmeans: it is supposed that someone should meet you.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/zleSe.jpg)\n\n* * *\n\n> According to Jisho.org はずです means\n\n# Tip of the day\n\nIt is a reeeealy bad idea to find answers in cases like this in Jisho. \nJisho is a dictinary, not a grammar pattern collection.\n\nThe best stratagy is to google with keyword \"japanese grammar\" + X \nIn your case it is: **japanese grammar はずです**\n\nAnd voila - you get the solution!",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2019-07-09T22:09:47.627",
"id": "69374",
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"body": "Here's the difference.\n\n> 会うべき人がいます。／会うべき人がいる。 \n> There is someone you should meet.\n>\n> 会うべき人がいるはずです。／会うべき人がいるはずだ。 \n> There must be someone you should meet. \n> I believe there is someone you should meet.\n\nThis はず(だ) is a basic grammatical pattern, so please read the following\narticles:\n\n * [Maggie Sensei: How to use はず ( = hazu)](http://maggiesensei.com/2012/11/14/request-lesson-how-and-when-to-use-%E3%81%AF%E3%81%9Ahazu/)\n * [Tae Kim's Guide to Learning Japanese: Things that should be a certain way](http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/grammar/should)\n\nNot to be confused with べき, which can be also translated to \"should\". べき\nrefers to one's obligation or correct choice, whereas はず refers to one's\nbelief or expectation about some fact.",
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"creation_date": "2019-07-10T02:20:26.330",
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"body": "The sentence\n\n咲は電池{でんち}を時計｛とけい｝に入｛はい｝れました。\n\nTranslates as \"Saki put the batteries in the watch\" but would would 電池 take を\nin this case?",
"comment_count": 3,
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"creation_date": "2019-07-09T21:48:32.870",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-を",
"transitivity",
"object"
],
"title": "Why does 電池 take the を particle",
"view_count": 155
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 咲【さき】は電池{でんち}を時計｛とけい｝に入｛い｝れました。\n\nAs noted in the comments, the verb in your sample sentence is 入【い】れます・入【い】れる,\nnot 入【はい】ります・入【はい】る. The former with れ is the transitive form meaning _\"to put\nsomething into something else\"_ , whereas the latter with り or る is the\nintransitive form meaning _\"to enter into something\"_. Since the verb in your\nsample sentence is transitive, it takes an object, and Japanese grammar\nrequires that the object is marked with the を particle.",
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"creation_date": "2019-07-09T23:52:29.693",
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"body": "I'm playing through a game right now and I'm seeing って used at the end of\nsentences a lot. I know って can be a shorthand version of the と particle, but\nit doesn't make sense as nobody is being quoted or nothing is is being\ndeclared as in \"X is called this\"\n\nFor example a character says\n\n> うわっ！ ホントにおかしいって！\n>\n> My translation: Uwaa! This is really strange!\n\nAfter a friend screams for suddenly being really hungry\n\nThe use of the って doesn't make sense here to me, so what is really intended or\nwhy is this ending used?",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-07-10T02:10:47.720",
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"score": 10,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-と",
"particle-って"
],
"title": "Use of って when quotation doesn't make sense",
"view_count": 1081
}
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[
{
"body": "This type of って is mainly used to repeat one's opinion, like \"I'm saying ～\" or\n\"I told you, ～\". So it's still quotative in a sense; the speaker is quoting\ntheir own previous statement. For example, depending on the context, 「寝ろって。」\ncan mean either \"[Someone] told you to sleep\" (quote from a third speaker) or\n\"I told you, go to bed!\"\n\nBut って is also often used when you say something for the first time, and in\nsuch cases it's just like \"come on\", \"you know\", or \"I tell you\", which are\nused to strongly seek agreement.\n\n> 気にするな **って** 、大丈夫だ **って**! \n> Never mind, it'll be okay!\n\n> なあ、この屋敷はヤバい **って** …。 \n> Hey, this mansion is crazy, I tell you.",
"comment_count": 5,
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"creation_date": "2019-07-10T02:44:26.443",
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"body": "Found it here. <https://www.hostfamily2012.com/3657.html>\n\n> コッカーのムーさん\n>\n> お耳の中、グジュグジュ・・汚れ改善したいですね！！\n>\n> お肌は大丈夫かなぁ～今日も大人しくできました～>^_^<\n>\n> カットもOKかなぁ～！！\n\nI've tried looking it up in as many dictionary as I can find but I found\nnothing. Is this an onomatopoeia of some sort?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-10T08:54:25.267",
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"owner_user_id": "33414",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"translation",
"onomatopoeia"
],
"title": "What does \"グジュグジュ\" mean?",
"view_count": 1356
}
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[
{
"body": "グジュグジュ is a mimetic word that describes a wet and dirty/messy/sticky thing.\nExamples of グジュグジュな things include:\n\n * handkerchief soaked with sweat\n * face soaked with tear and snot\n * rotten tomato\n * infected wound",
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"creation_date": "2019-07-10T14:11:29.280",
"id": "69386",
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"score": 4
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{
"body": "「グジュグジュ」 is indeed an onomatopoeia describing something being wet, watery,\ndamp, etc. (often, if not always, in a grubby way.)\n\nOnomatopoeias often have multiple variants to them: therefore, many of them\ncannot be found in dictionaries. We also say 「グチュグチュ」、「グショグショ」、「グチョグチョ」, etc.\n\nHere, it is talking about the inside of a dog's ears by using the\nonomatopoeia. This particular dog has wet discharge inside its ears, which is\nnot ideal as that can help bacteria thrive in the ears.\n\nSo, the first two lines mean:\n\n> \"(As for) ムー the cocker spaniel..\"\n>\n> \"It is wet and grubby inside his ears. Gotta do something to get rid of\n> that, don't we? \"",
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"creation_date": "2019-07-10T14:12:55.427",
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"body": "I found many variants in the internet, but they include `あなた`, which as I know\nisn't polite and better not to say it to a stranger.\n\nSo, if I don't know the name/last name of the person, don't know the job\nposition (at work e.g.), how can I say politely `you`? Like: \"Do `you` know?\",\n\"Are `you` `<Name of the person>`?\" etc.\n\nAnd is it polite to ask person about his/her name? If you forgot it.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2019-07-10T09:08:53.830",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"usage",
"politeness",
"word-usage",
"pronouns",
"second-person-pronouns"
],
"title": "How politely to say \"you\"?",
"view_count": 354
}
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"body": "The first strategy is avoidance. No word for \"you\" is needed in either of your\nexamples: ご存知ですか。〇〇さんですか。\n\nIn other cases, the prefix 御 (お or ご) serves instead. ご出身は？お子さんが素敵ですね！\n\nIn _very_ rare cases where you actually do need to address someone, if you're\nbeing formal, そちら can be used in some cases (especially in contrast with\noneself - like \"and what about you?\" そちらは？)\n\nIf you can't use そちら (it really sounds formal and distant), the strategies you\nlisted are all okay: あなた is fine towards strangers when you don't have a\nbetter way of addressing them; asking for the name is perfectly fine when you\ndon't already know it.\n\nIf you forgot the name... it's equally awkward as in any language, I suppose.\nYou can always just bite down and 申し訳ありません、恥ずかしいですが、お名前を忘れてしまいました…？ (In an\ninformal situation, ごめんなさい、お名前は何でしたっけ？) Awkwaaard... but quite polite.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-07-10T10:55:23.923",
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"body": "最近は海外旅行より、国内の温泉旅行やスキー旅行の方が若いカップルに人気です。 why we use 若いカップルに人気です. Noun に\nadjective, what does it mean ?? \ncan anyone explain this sentence pattern ??",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-07-10T10:19:35.350",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69381",
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"owner_user_id": "34489",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "noun adjective sentence pattern",
"view_count": 74
}
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[
{
"body": "This に is an equivalent of the English preposition 'to' used with certain\nadjectives, as in:\n\n * 彼 **に** も難しい問題 \na problem that is difficult also **to** him\n\n * 私 **に** は健康が重要です。 \n**To** me, health is the important thing.\n\nIn English, I think people usually say \"popular among young couples\" rather\nthan \"popular to young couples\". But in Japanese, we can safely use に with 人気.\nYou have to memorize \"popular among X\" translates to \"Xに人気\".",
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"creation_date": "2019-07-10T13:38:35.227",
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"body": "I studied that とたん must be used after a verb in the past form, and that, also\nthe clause that follows it is in the past form. In this case it bears the\nmeaning of \"as soon as something happens, something else also happens\".\nHowever, I saw that とたん can also be preceded by a present tense and that the\nfollowing clause can be present too, but I'm not sure if the meaning of とたん\nthen changes. As in:「会社に入る途端に勉強しなくなる人が多い」. Could somebody provide me some\nexamples to figure it out?",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "With what verbal form can とたん be used？",
"view_count": 161
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[
{
"body": "とたん（途端）is used like:\n\n * \"as soon as (I said something)\"\n * \"just as (I said something)\"\n * \"the instant (I said something)\"\n * \"the moment (I said something)\"\n\nThe construction is:\n\n```\n\n [verb in plain past] とたん、next sentence\n \n```\n\n> 彼はそう言ったとたん、話し終わった。\n>\n> The instant he said that, he stopped talking.\n\nSometimes とたんに is used. Then you don't use a comma.\n\n> 仕事が終わったとたんに殺されるんだ。\n>\n> As soon as they are done with their work, they will be killed. ;(\n\nWheter you use とたん or とたんに doesn't matter. The meaning wont change.\n\nAlso, to your original question: Wheter the second phrase is in the past or\nnot won't change the meaning of とたん. It will simply only change the meaning of\nthe sentence.\n\nLike for example:\n\n```\n\n As soon as they are done with their work, they will be killed.\n As soon as they were done with their work, they were killed.\n \n```",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2019-07-10T16:22:50.800",
"id": "69389",
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"body": "「途端」と言う意味は、ある物事が起きた後そのすぐになにかのアクションが起きるときに使います。 \n英語だと、`immediately`や`as soon as`と同じ様な意味です。 \n(The meaning of the word \"途端\" is used when an action occurs immediately after\nsomething happens.)\n\n今回の場合ですと、(In this case,)\n\n> 社会に入る途端勉強しなくなる\n\nと言うのは、「 **社会に出たらすぐに勉強しなくなる** 」、または「 **社会に入った瞬間に勉強と言う物をしなくなる** 」と言うことを表しています。 \n(This means that \"社会に出たらすぐ勉強しなくなる\" or that \"社会に入った瞬間に勉強と言う物をしなくなる\".)\n\n> Could somebody provide me some examples to figure it out?\n\nいくつかの例を提供します。(I will show you some to explain:)\n\n * 私が声をかけた **途端** 、彼は叫んだ (As soon as I called out to him, he screamed.)\n\n * 家の中は暖かかったが、外に出た **途端** 気温が一気に下がった \n(It was warm inside the house, but once outside, the temperature dropped\ndramatically.)",
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"creation_date": "2022-05-26T19:49:23.807",
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"body": "I would like to know if, like:\n\nJunbi wa ii\n\nJunbi wa dekiteru\n\nJunbi wa dekita\n\nAre all interchangeable? I feel like the last two mean \"Plans are complete\"\nand \"Plans have been completed\" respectfully, but the first one, does it just\nmean \"Plans are good\", but i'd like to be sure. Also are there any nuances?\nAre they all used in the same situations?\n\nThanks!",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2019-07-10T11:27:50.443",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Is there a difference between the dekiteru/dekita part in \"Junbi wa dekiteru/dekita\",and ii in \"junbi wa ii\"?",
"view_count": 4989
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{
"body": "Most importantly:\n\n1) \"Junbi\" (じゅんび）（準備) is better translated as \"preparation\".\n\n2) \"Ii\" is in this case (as \"ii\" often is) used in a different way (close to\nkekkou, if you know that expression, in this case meaning \"not needed\").\n\nAll 3 seem like sentences that are expressed verbally, and, it is unclear if\nthey are questions or statements/orders as you can't hear the intonations.\n\nRegardless which one (question/statement), the latter 2 are more or less\ninterchangeable, although the 2nd one may sound a bit awkward when used in the\nsence \"I'm done with my preparations\".\n\nThe first one, if not \"having a ?\" most often would mean \"No need (for you) to\nprepare\". It could also (without \"?\") be a response to someone asking \"Junbi\nwa dekita?\", in which case the meaning would be [possibly sounding a bit rude]\n\"I ain't gonna do any preparations\". As a question \"Junbi wa ii?\" would\ntypically mean \"So, I don't need to prepare?\", but it could vary depending on\nthe circumstance.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-07-11T13:58:16.070",
"id": "69420",
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"body": "All those sentences can be question (\"Ready?\") or predicative (\"Ready.\").\n\n * 準備はいい (junbi wa ii) \n * Q: lit. \"(Are you) well-prepared?\" ~ \"Are you ready?\"\n * P: lit. \"(I am) indeed well-prepared.\"\n\nThis one is based on an idiom 準備がいい \"well-prepared\". If you use the exact\nphrase in question, it becomes almost equivalent to English \"Are you ready?\",\nor \"Have you done all the job before the next action?\" As a normal statement,\nhowever, it's neither idiomatic nor frequently used.\n\n * 準備はできてる (junbi wa dekiteru) \n * Q: lit. \"Has the preparation already finished?\" ~ \"Are you ready?\"\n * P: lit. \"The preparation has already finished.\" ~ \"I'm (already) ready.\"\n\n～てる < ている is usually called \"resultative\", that describes \"you keep the state\nwhere you have done\". It implies the action itself is completed a while ago.\n\n * 準備はできた (junbi wa dekita) \n * Q: lit. \"Has the preparation finished?\" ~ \"Are you ready now?\"\n * P: lit. \"The preparation has finished.\" ~ \"I'm ready now.\"\n\n～た as perfect implies the action is freshly completed, or having done just\nbefore, if not now. As a question, when the speaker doesn't know about the\nprogress, it has little meaningful difference with that using ～ている, though.",
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"body": "I was watching a 45 second video, but ran into some trouble with the above. I\nwill post the entire subtitles for context purposes.\n\n> テレビ番組を勝手にアップロードするのは違法だからな \n> 10年以下の懲役か1000万円以下の罰金か、その両方だが \n> それって受験に関係ありますか \n> 受験だけが人生じゃないだろう、お前 \n> でもまだ未成年です \n> 未成年自慢すんなよ、お前 \n> 未成年だろうが成人だろうが、違法なものは違法なんだぞ \n> でも10年の懲役って重くないですか？ \n> 重いかどうか **今一概に言える** ことじゃないなぁ \n> とにかく、違法な事はやっちゃあいけないってことだ \n> なんだ、おれ説教臭いか？ \n> おれ説教臭いか？ \n> おれ説教臭いか？ \n> 説教臭いと思う奴？ \n> [音楽] \n> それ、違法です！！\n\nDisclaimer: English subs below may not be correct\n\n> It's illegal to freely upload TV shows. \n> By law you can get up to 10 years of hard labor... ...10 million yen in\n> fines... ...or you could get both. \n> Does that have anything to do with the exam? \n> Exams are not the only things in life, mind you. \n> But we are still minors. \n> Do not boast about being a minor, you. \n> Whether be it a minor or an adult, illegal acts are illegal. \n> But isn't 10 years of imprisonment with hard labor excessive? \n> It is not something that can generally be said categorically whether it is\n> heavy or not! \n> Anyway, do not do illegal acts. \n> What is it, am I being preachy? \n> Am I being preachy? \n> Am I being preachy? \n> Who thinks I'm being too preachy? \n> [Music] \n> That's illegal!",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-10T14:53:58.337",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69388",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-14T10:35:07.640",
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"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "32890",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"phrases"
],
"title": "What does 今一概に言える equate to? \"Now, unconditionally said thing?\"",
"view_count": 161
}
|
[
{
"body": "一概に on its own is not \"unconditionally\" but \"collectively\" or \"generically\".\n一概に言う/一概に述べる means \"to say (something) collectively\" or \"to describe a\ngeneralized rule/answer/characteristic\".\n\n * **一概に言う** : to describe (something) collectively\n * **一概に言える** : to be able to describe (something) collectively\n * **一概に言えること** : (relative clause) something that one can describe collectively\n\nTherefore 一概に言えることじゃない means \"It's not something I can describe collectively\"\nor \"It's hard to give a generalized rule/answer\". 今 before it is just \"for\nnow\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T02:46:07.220",
"id": "69409",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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69388
| null |
69409
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "69406",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The hiraganas go after the kanji in a verb are so confusing. I know there's\nalways an U character, like 行く, 話す ... but sometimes i see there are 2\ncharacters after the kanji, like 終わる.\n\nMy question is that there is any rule for us to remember this?\n\nVerbs in group 2 (Ichidan verbs) need an E character before RU, is that right\n? (食べる) ? So they always have 2 hiraganas after the kanji? So why 終わる is a\nverb of group one but it has two hiraganas after the kanji ?\n\nThanks very much",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-10T16:28:05.087",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69390",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-11T10:27:44.660",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-10T21:10:58.153",
"last_editor_user_id": "30008",
"owner_user_id": "34140",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"verbs",
"okurigana"
],
"title": "Is there any rule for hiraganas after the kanji in a verb",
"view_count": 156
}
|
[
{
"body": "The short answer is: no, there's no \"golden rule\" which works all of the time\nto remember how many okurigana there are. There are some tendencies you might\nbe able to pick up on, but they do not work all of the time.\n\nI think, therefore, it would best to try and learn each word as it comes, in\nits correct or most common form. I suppose the reason for this is that\nokurigana, apart from imparting grammatical meaning through conjugation, also\nare often helpful for determining the reading/meaning of the kanji/verb. For\ninstance 入{はい}る (enter) vs 入{い}れる (put in), 出{で}る (exit) vs 出{だ}す (take out),\n落{お}とす (drop) vs 落{お}ちる (fall down), or 生{い}きる (live) vs 生{う}まれる (be born) vs\n生{しょう}じる (produce; result from).\n\nIndeed, there is perhaps a slight problem in the premise of your question, in\nthat okurigana usage isn't actually always that uniform. A linguist may be\nable to correct me, but from what I have seen, I think this is especially true\nfor verbs where there is a related nominalisation, such as 終わる and 終わり. For\nthe verb, _sometimes_ you'll see 終る, though 終わる is the common form; for the\nnoun, although I think 終わり is most common, often you'll see 終 at the end of\nfilms; and sometimes you'll see 終り. Likewise, for compound verbs and nouns,\nyou'll probably see a similar variation in okurigana usage e.g. 割り当てる vs.\n割当てる, or 引っ越す vs. 引越す, or 受け付け vs. 受付. Okurigana usage varies with\ncontext/form of the writing, but also from person to person, likely depending\non their age, education etc.\n\nThat is not to say that okurigana are always flexible. They mostly aren't, and\nthere are sometimes instances where it can be quite counter-intuitive. For\ninstance, 明{あか}るい (bright) must be written as such, however tempting it might\nbe to just write 明い. That is despite the fact that the noun 明{あ}かり ('glow' or\n'illumination', and originally derived from the same now defunct verb as 明るい)\ncan also be written as 明{あか}り.\n\nTo clarify on your second question: no -- not all Group 2 verbs need an 'e'\ncharacter before 'ru'. There are a fair number of Group 2 \"exceptions\",\nincluding very important or common verbs, such as 見る, 信じる, and できる. However,\nyou are right in that anything _with_ 'E'+'RU' as okurigana is a Group 2 verb.\n(Be careful of a verb like 帰{かえ}る though! >> Group 1 as the “E” is ‘inside’\nthe kanji!)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T01:18:21.370",
"id": "69406",
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69390
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69406
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "69402",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am making some shiratama mochi and want to know if I have to scoop the mochi\nout after they rise, or 1-2 minutes after they rise:\n\n> だんごが **浮｛う｝きあがって１～２分してから** 順｛じゅん｝にすくいあげ、冷水｛れいすい｝にとって、さまします。\n\nMy first thought was that I am meant to wait until 1-2 minutes after the dango\nhas risen before scooping it into cold water, but the presence of ～てから makes\nme suspect that the １～２分 is actually an approximation of how long it will take\nfor the dango to rise.\n\nAlso, optional bonus question since the は and が differences always challenge\nme:\n\nWhy is が being used instead of は, and would using は instead change anything?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-10T16:49:12.407",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69392",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-10T23:36:59.277",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-10T21:14:17.853",
"last_editor_user_id": "21684",
"owner_user_id": "14607",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"て-form",
"particle-から"
],
"title": "Temporal ambiguity on mochiko packaging",
"view_count": 108
}
|
[
{
"body": "When a series of actions is listed with the verbs in the ～て conjunctive form,\nthe list can parse out to \"`[VERB]`, then `[VERB]`, then `[VERB]`...\"\n\nYears ago, a friend of mine at work laughed after getting off the phone with\nhis wife, when he realized that she'd explained her day using almost entirely\n～て-form verbs. My memory is fuzzy, but it was something like,\n\n> 連れて行って話して、帰って食べて寝た。\n\n_\"With [someone], we went, and talked, then [I? we?] returned home and ate and\nhad a nap.\"_\n\nHere's your sample sentence:\n\n> だんごが **浮｛う｝きあがって１～２分してから** 順｛じゅん｝にすくいあげ、冷水｛れいすい｝にとって、さまします。\n\nLet's break this up.\n\n> だんごが浮｛う｝きあがっ **て**\n\nThe dango float up, _and then_...\n\n> １～２分し **てから**\n\n_after_ giving it another 1 to 2 minutes, _then_...\n\n> 順｛じゅん｝にすくいあげ、冷水｛れいすい｝にとっ **て** 、\n\nscooping them out in order (i.e. in the order in which they floated up), put\nthem in cold water, _and_...\n\n> さまします。\n\ncool them off.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-10T23:36:59.277",
"id": "69402",
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"score": 6
}
] |
69392
|
69402
|
69402
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I'm reading this introduction to mahjong, and found this use of なんと I cannot\nmatch to anything in Daijisen.\n\n> １回目のツモがまったく関係ない西で、そこでローワンをアンカンしたら、なんとリンシャンからイーソウをツモ。\n\nAs I understand it, the line means something like:\n\n> The first draw was the useless 西, but then you used the 6 of characters to\n> form a _kan,_ and the replacement tile you drew was the 1 of bamboos [which\n> got you into _tenpai._ ]\n\nBut where does the なんと fit in here? How does its presence affect the sentence?\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/OPmf6.png)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-10T17:20:24.657",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69393",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-10T17:20:24.657",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30008",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particles",
"adverbs"
],
"title": "What does なんと mean here?",
"view_count": 40
}
|
[] |
69393
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "69407",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What's the difference between 海獣 and 怪獣? Do they both mean the same thing, or\nis one proper and the other one not?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-10T17:45:19.760",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69394",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-11T04:36:31.920",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "15986",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "What's the difference between 海獣 and 怪獣?",
"view_count": 126
}
|
[
{
"body": "怪獣【かいじゅう】 is a common word that refers to (big) monsters. This was a popular\ngenre in the Japanese film industry, and there is an [Wikipedia article\nwritten in English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaiju). Character-wise, 怪\nmeans \"wicked; strange\", and 獣 means \"beast; monster\".\n\n海獣【かいじゅう】 is a rare biological term which refers to [marine\nmammals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_mammal) such as seals, whales\nand manatees. The kanji 海 means \"sea; ocean\". This word is normally used in\nacademic contexts, so usually there is no chance of confusion. But in some\nfictional works, it may be also used to refer to \"marine monsters\" such as\nKraken.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T02:34:35.197",
"id": "69407",
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"score": 5
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69394
|
69407
|
69407
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I think they both mean that you have to do something because there is a social\npression like なければならい、but I'm not certain that I can use them interchangeably.\nCould somebody confirm it?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-10T17:53:30.870",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69395",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-13T06:10:59.533",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25880",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What's the difference between ないわけにはいかない and ずにすまない？?",
"view_count": 124
}
|
[
{
"body": "Come one natives! My best guess (yes, please downvote, as this site is not for\nguesses, but I hope @Alex16 and I at least get someone to answer ;-) )\n\nないわけにはいかない has more of of the social pressure aspect (you are supposed to do\nX) while ずにすまない more likely means that there are some more \"rational\" (*)\nreasons for why failing to do X would cause problems.\n\n(*) While it is \"rational\" to consider the other people when adjusting your\nmessage, here, by \"rational\", I meant simply a statement made without\nconsidering the \"public opinion\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-13T06:10:59.533",
"id": "69451",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "34261",
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"score": -2
}
] |
69395
| null |
69451
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "69403",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I heard this phrase in a video 「はったはった」, and I am only guessing that it\n_might_ be the verb 「張る」. It passes in a rap verse so I can't really think of\na context to give other than that our rapper is a gambler. To cut it short,\ncan 「はった」 mean \"bet\" or \"place your bets\"?\n\nI also found 「切った張った」, but I am pretty sure that's not it. Thanks in advance!",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-10T18:42:54.573",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69398",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-11T00:57:38.127",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33530",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "What does 「はった」 mean?",
"view_count": 360
}
|
[
{
"body": "In gambling, 「張{は}る」 indeed means \" ** _to place one's bet_** \". See\ndefinition #24 in\n[デジタル大辞泉](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E5%BC%B5%E3%82%8B-605454), which says:\n\n> 24 賭(か)け事などに金銭をかける。「相場を―・る」\n\n「賭{か}け事{ごと}」 means \"gambling\".\n\nNext, an explanation of the \" ** _verb + た_** \" to express an order/request\nmight be in order (no pun intended) as that is not something I have heard too\nmany Japanese-learners use. This た is **_not_** the past-tense た.\n\nDefinition #4 for 「た」 in [明鏡国語辞典](https://sakura-\nparis.org/dict/%E6%98%8E%E9%8F%A1%E5%9B%BD%E8%AA%9E%E8%BE%9E%E5%85%B8/prefix/%E3%81%9F)\nsays:\n\n> ❹ 《終止形{しゅうしけい}で》差{さ}し迫{せま}った要求{ようきゅう}・命令{めいれい}を表{あらわ}す。 「さあ、帰[かえ]っ━、帰っ━」\n> 「おっと待[ま]っ━」\n\nThat says: (in plain form) expresses an imminent order or request.\n\nAs you see in the first example 「帰った、帰った。」, we often repeat the verb.\n「張った、張った！」 is indeed very common in gambling. One would rarely say just\n「張った！」.\n\n「さあ、帰った、帰った。」 has the nuance of \"Get the hell outta here!\"\n\n「おっと待った。」 means \"Hey, wait a sec!\"\n\nFinally, the expression that you mentioned 「切{き}った張{は}った」 has nothing to do\nwith what we are talking about. It means \"being very violent\", \"slashing and\nstriking\", etc.\n\n「キットカット」 has nothing to do with it, either.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T00:42:02.267",
"id": "69403",
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}
] |
69398
|
69403
|
69403
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "69400",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was watching another 45 second video, same theme as the last one about\n'Illegal uploads', but ran into some trouble with the above. I will post the\nentire subtitles for context purposes.\n\n違法だよ！あげるくん\n\nIt's illegal! Ageru-kun\n\nあげるくん遊ばないの？\n\nAren't you going to play?\n\n昨日の番組をネットに上げてから\n\nI'm uploading yesterday's program to the internet\n\nまたかー\n\nThis again?\n\n今か\n\nNow?/Today? (not sure which one...)\n\n見られなかった人のために上げているんだよ\n\nI'm uploading it for those who couldn't see it\n\n違法\n\nIllegal\n\nえ？\n\nHuh?\n\nそれ「無断アップロード」って言って違法だから\n\nThat's called an \"unauthorized upload\" and its illegal\n\nはい、はい、分かりました。\n\nYes, yes, I understand.\n\nつかまるよ、マジで。\n\nYou will be caught, seriously.\n\n2nd\n\n違法だよ！あげるくん\n\nIt's illegal! Ageru-kun\n\nうわっこの番組最高！\n\nWow! This show is the best!\n\nSNSで拡散だな！\n\nI'll Spread it on SNS!\n\nトメ吉:\n\nそれはダメ。違法だから\n\nTomekichi:\n\nThat is not acceptable. Because it is illegal.\n\nしーっ！いま録画中！\n\nShh! I'm in the process of recording!\n\nそれ「無断アップロード」って言うんだよ\n\nThat's called an \"unauthorized upload\"\n\nみんなが喜ぶんだよ！返せよ！\n\nIt'll make everyone happy! Give it back!\n\nつかまるよ、マジで。\n\nYou will be caught, seriously.\n\n3rd\n\n違法だよ！あげるくん\n\nIt's illegal! Ageru-kun\n\nドラマを録ってネットに上げるのは違法って言ったよね？\n\nI said it was illegal to record dramas and upload them online, didn't I?\n\nでもみんなのために僕は方を貸すのです\n\nBut I'm just loaning it to everyone (This is the hardest sentence for me,\ncan't find 方を貸す, only 肩を貸す 1. to lend someone one's shoulder; to support with\none's shoulder; to lend a hand; to come to someone's aid, but this one is\npronounced kata wo kasu**)**\n\n10年以下の懲役か1000万円以下の罰金、またはその両方。\n\n10 years imprisonment and / or a fine of 10 million yen or more.\n\nバレなきゃいいんじゃない\n\nAs long as no one finds out, it's fine\n\nバレるから。それがネットだから。\n\nSomeone will find out. It is the internet, after all.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-10T19:15:38.543",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69399",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-10T19:33:52.107",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-10T19:33:52.107",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "32890",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"kanji",
"katakana",
"kana",
"transcription"
],
"title": "ほうをかす lend a hou",
"view_count": 133
}
|
[
{
"body": "I'm guessing that either you misheard, or if you've posted the text as seen,\nthen whoever transcribed it misheard.\n\nThe key phrase here **isn't** 方【ほう】を貸【か】す (\"to lend a way\"?), which doesn't\nmake sense, as you correctly note. That rendering seems like a\n[mondegreen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mondegreen), a goofy phrase based\non mishearing something.\n\nThe phrase is instead probably supposed to be 法【ほう】を犯【おか】す (\"to violate the\nlaw\"), which is much more straightforward, and fits the context as well.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-10T19:30:31.317",
"id": "69400",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-10T19:30:31.317",
"last_edit_date": null,
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69399
|
69400
|
69400
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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"body": "What is the difference in order of importance and contextual usage of the\nfollowing:\n\n重大 重要 大切 大事",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T00:42:07.030",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69404",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-12T02:32:32.557",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3371",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"pragmatics"
],
"title": "What is the order of importance of 重大 重要 大切 大事",
"view_count": 632
}
|
[
{
"body": "Good question. I checked with a native on this and received the following\nreply, which I would concur with:\n\n * 重大 is definitely at the top as the most serious\n * 重要 is next\n * 大切 and 大事 are basically the same and are the most ゆるい of the set.\n\nI hope that helps.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-12T02:32:32.557",
"id": "69429",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-12T02:32:32.557",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "34620",
"parent_id": "69404",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
69404
| null |
69429
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "69410",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "A girl is worried and upset because she believes she is more excited and happy\nabout the relationship with her boyfriend than he is. So she says:\n\n```\n\n わたしばっかり浮かれてる気がする……\n \n```\n\nI think the sentence means something like \"It feels I am the _only one_ who is\nhappy...\", with ばっかり meaning \"only one\". However, if my translation is indeed\ncorrect, wouldn't だけ (maybe even しか too, but that would need to have the\nsentence changed to negative form) fit better than ばっかり to express \"I am the\nonly one happy, not him but just me\" ? Because I understood ばっかり rather means\n\"there’s so much of something to the point where there’s nothing else\"... and\nI am not sure said meaning fits here (or does it?)\n\nAm I getting the meaning/nuance of ばっかりin this context wrong?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T01:11:50.957",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69405",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-11T02:58:39.323",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31757",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"nuances"
],
"title": "What's the meaning and nuance of ばっかり in this sentence?",
"view_count": 612
}
|
[
{
"body": "Your translation is correct. ばっかり (colloquialism for ばかり) in this sentence is\nindeed \"only\", and it's interchangeable with だけ here.\n\nIt's だらけ that _only_ means \"so much/many of something\". ばかり has a wider usage.\n\n * 美しいものだらけだ。: OK, \"so many beautiful things\"\n * 美しいものばかりだ。: OK, \"(almost) only beautiful things\", \"so many beautiful things\"\n * 美しいものだけだ。: OK, \"only beautiful things\"\n * × お前だらけが儲かっている。: Wrong\n * お前ばかりが儲かっている。: OK, \"only you\"\n * お前だけが儲かっている。: OK, \"only you\"",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T02:58:39.323",
"id": "69410",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-11T02:58:39.323",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "69405",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
69405
|
69410
|
69410
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "in the company culture why do they say\n\n> ご確認の程お願いします？\n\nwhat is the purpose of 程? is it to add a level of politeness?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T07:20:33.723",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69411",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-11T07:39:53.597",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-11T07:39:53.597",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "3512",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"politeness"
],
"title": "why do they use 程 when requesting",
"view_count": 56
}
|
[] |
69411
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm trying to construct a short post for my social media, **in Japanese** ,\nbecause many of our customers are Japanese.\n\nI don't want to make a mess.\n\nI am using a quote from a Japanese review left on Tripadvisor from a customer.\nI want to know if this is the correct way to express it is a quote from\nTripadvisor, because I don't understand how to use the quote marks in Japanese\ncorrectly!\n\nThis is the original text:\n\n> 本格的アルゼンチン料理で、美味しい肉を堪能させて頂きました。tripadvisorのレビュー\n\nSo do I just use these marks to make it into a quote? And then state the\norigin of the quote? 「」\n\ne.g\n\n> 「本格的アルゼンチン料理で、美味しい肉を堪能させて頂きました。」tripadvisorのレビュー\n\nBecause I read on another site that I may need to add some other characters...\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/gZjqH.jpg)",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T07:43:12.057",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69412",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-12T08:52:14.250",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-12T08:52:14.250",
"last_editor_user_id": "34624",
"owner_user_id": "34624",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Japanese quote marks!",
"view_count": 306
}
|
[
{
"body": "`「` and `」` are the most basic Japanese quotation marks, so what you are doing\nis basically correct. In addition, you can just use the \"English-style\"\nquotation marks, too:\n\n> “本格的アルゼンチン料理で、美味しい肉を堪能させて頂きました。” -- Tripadviserのレビュー\n\nThe difference is not large, but IMHO this style looks even slightly better in\nyour case. Japanese people use [various types of quotation\nmarks](https://www.japanesewithanime.com/2017/05/quotation-marks-\njapanese.html), and they are used according to the situation (or personal\ntaste, to some extent). In this case, the article itself is about an Argentine\nrestaurant, so Western-origin punctuation is welcome.\n\nWestern people somehow love to place quotes everywhere (e.g., at the end of a\nmovie trailer, at the beginning of each chapter of a novel, [at the start of a\nUNIX session](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortune_\\(Unix\\)), ...), but this\nhabit itself already looks more or less \"foreign\" to the eyes of Japanese\npeople, and Western-style quotation marks have been popular in such cases. For\nexample, [this article](https://copypet.jp/889/) is about how to design a\ngood-looking `<blockquote>` with CSS, and you can see how the \"double-comma\"\nicon is widely recognized as an indicator of quote.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-12T01:02:41.307",
"id": "69427",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-12T03:41:49.687",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-12T03:41:49.687",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "69412",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
69412
| null |
69427
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "> 車椅子利用者からすると、東京での暮らしは便利とはいえない。\n\nWhy do we use で after 東京? Is it to show the action in the place? What if we\nonly say 東京の暮らしは?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T08:28:44.127",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69413",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-11T08:57:10.877",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-11T08:57:10.877",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "34489",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-の",
"particle-で"
],
"title": "Why do we use で in 東京での暮らし?",
"view_count": 43
}
|
[] |
69413
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "日本の人口が少ないです。 when we define a subject 日本の人口, after the ga particle should\nthere be always a adjective like 少ない for eg... can we place also place a noun\n?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T09:12:39.870",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69414",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-11T13:05:18.537",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34489",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "日本の人口が少ないです. adjective and noun in this sentence",
"view_count": 102
}
|
[
{
"body": "You name, it. It could be a noun, or a verb at least (or adverb(?)).\n\nNoun: わだいになりました (became a (hot) topic) \nVerb: へっています (is decreasing) \nAdverb(?): ゆっくりへっています (is slowly decreasing)\n\np.s. I'm glad you are studying Japanese, I hope you work on it + progress!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T13:00:29.400",
"id": "69418",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-11T13:05:18.537",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-11T13:05:18.537",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "34261",
"parent_id": "69414",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
69414
| null |
69418
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "彼女は日本の文化にうまく馴染めるのか、不安でならないようだ。 in this sentence, 彼女は日本の文化 and うまく馴染めるの phrase\nare noun, then why did we connect them with に particle ..any similar examples",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T10:12:44.827",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69415",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-11T12:57:58.260",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34489",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "彼女は日本の文化にうまく noun",
"view_count": 101
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 彼女は日本の文化 and うまく馴染めるの phrase are noun\n\nYou don't seem to be parsing the sentence correctly.\n\n> 彼女は［日本の文化にうまく馴染めるのか］、不安でならないようだ。\n\nHere, 彼女 is the subject of 不安でならない, \"She is really worried ~~\".\n\n「日本の文化にうまく馴染めるのか」 is an embedded clause, \"whether or not she can adjust to\nJapanese culture well\". (The implied subject is 彼女.)\n\nThe に marks the indirect object of 馴染める. 「日本の文化に馴染む」 means \"adapt to Japanese\nculture\".\n\nSo the sentence as a whole means \"She seems to be really worried as to whether\nshe can adjust to / get accustomed to Japanese culture well.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T12:18:47.680",
"id": "69416",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-11T12:57:58.260",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-11T12:57:58.260",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "69415",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
69415
| null |
69416
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "The setting is 4 kids in a park in Japan. The kid sitting on the bench is\nAgeru-kun, who is uploading a video to the internet, which is illegal in\nJapan. His 3 friends go up to him and have the following conversation.\n\n> あげるくん遊ばないの？ \n> Aren't you going to play, Ageru-kun?\n>\n> 昨日の番組をネットに上げてから \n> Ageru: I'm uploading yesterday's program to the internet\n>\n> またかー \n> Friend A: This again?/ Not this again!/ Oh, not again! (Not sure which one\n> exactly)\n>\n> 暇か \n> Friend B: spare time; free time; leisure (Not sure which one exactly)\n>\n> 見られなかった人のために上げているんだよ \n> Ageru: I'm uploading it for those who couldn't see it",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T12:56:55.133",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69417",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-14T02:23:21.937",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-14T02:23:21.937",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "32890",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"sentence"
],
"title": "If somebody just says \"暇か\", what does that mean exactly?",
"view_count": 281
}
|
[
{
"body": "This could be pretty loosely translated something like \"You got nothin' to\ndo?\" or \" _Somebody's_ got a lot of free time,\" said in a sarcastic manner.\nThus, I'd say it would fall under the \"spare/free time\" category.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T13:14:15.537",
"id": "69419",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-11T13:14:15.537",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34620",
"parent_id": "69417",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
},
{
"body": "「[insert a single noun/na-adj.]か！」 ( _exclusively with a falling intonation_ )\nis a quite viral slang/meme template for a while, where they find useful to\ntell roughly the following emotions with as terse as one extra syllable\noverhead:\n\n * \"Come on! Why are you so --?\"\n * \"What a (f-ing) -- are you?\"\n * \"Like it's such a --, huh?\"\n\nI believe this construction originated from the comedian group タカアンドトシ's\nsignature joke, most well-known in a fixed phrase 欧米か！ \"As if (you're in) the\nWest!\" (which is said by トシ (straight guy) after タカ (funny guy) plays\nsomething stereotypically Western drama). Due to its versatile simplicity, it\nquickly gained popularity that now I almost hear it once a day on Twitter or\nreality. The choice of word before か is crucial in this pattern.\n\nThough it's partially true that this usage can be explained as an original\nsense of particle か, I remember we usually needed to phrase ～かってんだ, ～じゃん（かよ）,\nor ～なのかよ for similar connotation before the meme. Also, this type of か is only\ngrammatical after a noun or na-adjective in theory, but recently I start to\nsee something like [かわいいかよ](https://note.mu/marketing/n/nee1a23dc44e7) which\nis an obvious anacoluthon but IMO very effective.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-12T10:55:33.277",
"id": "69438",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-12T10:55:33.277",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "69417",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
69417
| null |
69419
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "69424",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am checking the lyrics for a track of music in which the words 日の跡のささくれ are\nrepeated in two different lines, I know the meaning of words, but the meaning\nof the sentence is still vague for me.\n\n> 迷った日の跡のささくれ\n>\n> ころんだ日の跡のささくれ",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T16:04:52.440",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69422",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-11T17:12:51.720",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "30049",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words"
],
"title": "Meaning of 日の跡のささくれ",
"view_count": 89
}
|
[
{
"body": "Let's look at the pieces of your phrase.\n\n * 日【ひ】 is just \"day\", pretty straightforward there.\n * 跡【あと】 is the \"afters\" of something, \"leftovers\" or \"marks\" or \"scars\", the impact or effect made by something. \n→ so 日【ひ】の跡【あと】 parses out to \"the aftereffects or marks left by the day\".\n\n * ささくれ is the noun or stem form of the verb ささくれる (\"to split finely from the ends\"). ささくれ could refer to something that's splitting in this way, and is a synonym for 逆【さか】剥【む】け (\"hangnail\"). \nLinks to Weblio's [Japanese\npage](https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%95%E3%81%95%E3%81%8F%E3%82%8C) and\n[English\npage](https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%95%E3%81%95%E3%81%8F%E3%82%8C) for\nささくれ.\n\nGiven the context in your two example lines, it sounds like the singer is\ndescribing small and slightly painful wounds left over as aftereffects of\ncertain days, presumably using the term \"hangnail\" as a poetic allusion to a\nstinging emotional hurt.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T17:12:13.663",
"id": "69424",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-11T17:12:13.663",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "69422",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
69422
|
69424
|
69424
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "To my understanding てたまらない and てかなわない both mean \"can't stand/unable to\".\nHowever, I believe that てかなわない can't be used with adjectives of feeling, while\nてたまらない can. My question is how can I distinguish between them? It also seems\nreally similar to 堪えない/耐えない so I got a little confused.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T16:07:10.703",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69423",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-12T01:54:31.303",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-12T01:54:31.303",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "25880",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What's the difference between てかなわない and てたまらない？？",
"view_count": 159
}
|
[] |
69423
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I think that all of these three forms indicate both a reason, as well the\nemotional aspect of this reason. Could somebody tell me if I got their\nmeanings right and whether they are interchangeable or not? Thank you in\nadvance!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T18:06:51.493",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69425",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-11T18:06:51.493",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25880",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "There is a difference between Vてこそ, Vばこそ and からこそ？",
"view_count": 123
}
|
[] |
69425
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have studied that 次第 can be used to say \"as soon as\" and \"depending on\",\nhowever these two meaning do not seem to fit when it is at the end of the\nsentence. According to my book, in this case, it has the meaning of わけだ. I\nguessed it means \"because\" and gives the idea of explaning why something was\ndone. Did I understand it correctly?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-11T20:56:48.017",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69426",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-12T01:50:47.863",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25880",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What does 次第だ means at the end of a sentence?",
"view_count": 186
}
|
[
{
"body": "The position is not very important. 次第だ/です at the end of a sentence can mean\n\"depends on\" or \"as soon as\". 次第 in the middle of a sentence can refer to a\nreason.\n\n * 成功するかどうかは彼女次第だ。 \nWhether we will succeed **depends on** her.\n\n * いつメールを送るか？ 原稿が完成次第だ。 \nWhen to send a mail? **As soon as** the manuscript is finished!\n\n * というわけで相談している次第です。 \nSo that is why I'm consulting you.\n\n * そんな次第で明日は休みます。 \nThus, I'll take a day off tomorrow.\n\nOne of the basic meanings of 次第 is \"order/course/turn (of events)\", and by\nextension, \"reason\". See the fifth definition\n[here](https://jisho.org/search/%E6%AC%A1%E7%AC%AC).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-12T01:50:47.863",
"id": "69428",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-12T01:50:47.863",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "69426",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
69426
| null |
69428
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "69431",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "While trying to write about an experiment I have done, I am having trouble\ndeciding which words are appropriate for describing what I want to describe.\n\nIn non-scientific English, **precise, and accurate** have mostly overlapping\nmeaning, as evidenced by the jisho entry for 正確 containing all three.\n\nHowever, when using these words in a formal setting, the difference in meaning\nbecomes more apparent. I was hoping to know if anyone has knowledge on what\nJapanese words would be used or how they are used to convey a similar\ndifference while speaking Japanese.\n\n* * *\n\nA brief delineation of what I consider the differences between the three\nwords:\n\n> **accuracy** : A measure of how much a method/machine gives repeated results\n> clustered around the _true_ answer.\n>\n> **precision** : A measure of how much a measurement method/machine gives\n> repeated results close to _each other_.\n\n(These are the nouns rather than the adjectives, but I found the nouns less\nwordy to define)\n\nSee image for visualization:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/B3gX9.png)\n\nSo, if anyone has insight into how to express these terms in Japanese, both\naccurately and precisely, that would be appreciated!\n\n**Edit:** If there is also common words for the opposite of these concepts\n(i.e. inaccurate or imprecise) those would be useful too.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-12T04:06:30.947",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69430",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-12T05:41:35.160",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "34051",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 13,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"usage"
],
"title": "Science writing - exact, precise, or accurate",
"view_count": 871
}
|
[
{
"body": "In scientific contexts where accuracy and precision are clearly distinguished,\nuse:\n\n * accurate = 正確(な); accuracy = 正確性/正確度\n * precise = 精密(な); precision = 精密性/精密度\n\n精度 is also used to translate precision, but since it's defined inconsistently\nin some areas, I personally do not prefer this term when the distinction is\nimportant.\n\nReference:\n[正確度と精度](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E7%A2%BA%E5%BA%A6%E3%81%A8%E7%B2%BE%E5%BA%A6)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-12T05:11:50.853",
"id": "69431",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-12T05:41:35.160",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-12T05:41:35.160",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "69430",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 10
}
] |
69430
|
69431
|
69431
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I know it is used to respond to someone or something, but i don't get the\nmeaning of it?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-12T08:58:46.983",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69433",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-13T18:39:24.480",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-13T18:39:24.480",
"last_editor_user_id": "9638",
"owner_user_id": "34635",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"conversations"
],
"title": "What does \"genki desu\" mean in Japanese?",
"view_count": 4389
}
|
[
{
"body": "The expression 元気{げんき}です can for instance be the answer in:\n\n> —How are you?\n>\n> —I’m fine.\n\nThe word _genki_ (元気 or げんき) means that you are full of energy (vigour),\nhealthy, in a good mood et cetera. It may also be used in other situations.\nNote that there is an element of healthiness, wellbeing or alertness involved\nin this expression.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-12T09:19:01.573",
"id": "69434",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-12T09:19:01.573",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "14387",
"parent_id": "69433",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "The expression \"genki desu\" 元気（げんき）です is usually used to answer the question\n\"o genki desu ka\" お元気（げんき）ですか\n\nJust as Kess answered, the question and answer is almost the same as\n\n> -How are you?\n>\n> -I am fine.\n\nBut normally, when someone (especially those who are senior) asks \"o genki\ndesu ka\" お元気（げんき）ですか？ Japanese would choose to answer with “おかけさまで、元気です” \"o ka\nge sa ma de, genki desu\" to show their politeness. And \"o ka ge sa ma de\"\nmeans \"thanks to you\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-12T10:12:55.253",
"id": "69437",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-12T10:12:55.253",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "34615",
"parent_id": "69433",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
69433
| null |
69434
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "69436",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I came across this sentence and I believe I understand what it is saying, but\nI don't understand why there is a と particle being used after さっき. Why is it\nnot just さっき言ってる? As there is nothing that comes after さっき here\n\nSentence:\n\n> 何？ さっきと言ってることが違う！\n>\n> What? That is different from what I was saying a moment ago!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-12T09:31:14.290",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69435",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-12T09:55:45.977",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30339",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"particle-と",
"adverbs"
],
"title": "Reason for と particle after adverb さっき in sentence about something previously mentioned",
"view_count": 109
}
|
[
{
"body": "A phrase is abbreviated, and it would be easy to figure out why \"と\" is\nrequired.\n\n> さっき「言ってたこと」と言ってることが違う！\n\nSo, the sentence is comparing さっき「言ってたこと」 and 言ってること, so that it requires と.\n\nThat sentence is often used when someone is complaining/accusing that one\nchanges his/her explanation.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-12T09:55:45.977",
"id": "69436",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-12T09:55:45.977",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "8010",
"parent_id": "69435",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
69435
|
69436
|
69436
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Okay, I'm fairly advanced in my Japanese studies after having lived and taught\nin Japan for almost a year. However, one thing that continues to boggle me is\nthe possibly most common word of all: かわいい。\n\nI'm a 23 year-old young woman, and my elementary school students love calling\nme かわいい, most especially the girls. While I understand that the word can also\nmean \"pretty\" as well as \"cute\", being called this by a child makes me wonder\nif it's at all belittling? Maybe this is my English perception of \"cute\", but\na child calling me that just seems like they're making me a child. Is there\nperhaps a different nuance to this word that I wasn't aware of?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-12T11:31:21.617",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69440",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-13T07:06:22.087",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34636",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"nuances"
],
"title": "Meaning of かわいい When Used By Kids Towards Adults",
"view_count": 201
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think かわいい doesn't have a negative nuance even if it is used for adults.\n\nNot only Japanese elementary school students but also even Japanese adult\nwomen often use the word かわいい. Japanese people, especially women, say it to\neverything as a word of praise. They use it to things because of not only its\nsuperficial cuteness but also its interior cuteness and familiarity.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-12T18:05:10.557",
"id": "69443",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-13T00:03:50.287",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-13T00:03:50.287",
"last_editor_user_id": "7320",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "69440",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "Your question may not belong on this site, as this is, I guess, focusing on\nthe language, but: If you have been with the same kids for almost a year, I\nthink you have the best ability to answer. かわいい is almost never negative, and\nI think elementary school girls could use the word for a pretty 先生 at least if\nshe is a foreigner (this does not mean バカにする but rather already elementary\nschool kids sense with who one can be less formal and with who not). Also, it\ncould refer less to the appearance, and be a more general \"statement of\nsympathy\", e.g. in some situations when you are really trying your best to\novercome the hurdles of not being Japanese. Also, general, you may be seen as\na chance for the kids to be more natural when talking to their teachers; as\nthe Japanese society is changing, and the \"seniority rule\" is decreasing, it\ncould be that the schools are more hierarchical than the outside society,\nwhich the kids also observe, and they therefore give you sympathy for being\ndifferent. (The hurdle of boys acting in the above way in elementary school is\nhigher, so many may want to say かわいい but they fear of the reaction of their\nclassmates.) 頑張って！",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-13T07:06:22.087",
"id": "69452",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-13T07:06:22.087",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34261",
"parent_id": "69440",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
69440
| null |
69443
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> この本がバカ売れすれば、遊んで暮らすだけの金が手に入るのに。\n\nCan anyone breakdown this part 遊んで暮らすだけの金 and explain the sentence\nconstruction ?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-12T14:50:13.457",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69442",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-15T15:24:19.943",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-12T15:21:43.533",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "34489",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "construction of this sentence here?",
"view_count": 124
}
|
[
{
"body": "> XしてYする\n\nY-ing by X-ing.\n\n遊んで暮らす means \"To live while just doing nothing but playing\"\n\n> XするだけのY\n\nEnough amount of Y to X.\n\nSo,\n\n> 遊んで暮らすだけの金\n\nmeans\n\n> Enough amount of money to live by playing.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-15T15:24:19.943",
"id": "69497",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-15T15:24:19.943",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "8010",
"parent_id": "69442",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
69442
| null |
69497
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "にかかわりなく seems to come after a noun, e.g.:\n\n> 文化祭は当日の天気にかかわりなく開催されます。 \n> The school culture festival will be held regardless of the weather on the\n> day.\n\nIs it possible to use it with an adjective e.g.\n\n> 文化祭は天気が暑いにかかわりなく開催されます。 \n> The school culture festival will be held regardless of whether the weather\n> is hot.\n\nIf not, how would I fix this sentence to make it grammatical?",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-07-13T02:16:44.440",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "69445",
"last_activity_date": "2019-07-20T21:46:03.420",
"last_edit_date": "2019-07-13T08:50:26.323",
"last_editor_user_id": "7944",
"owner_user_id": "34489",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Can に関わりなく be used with adjectives?",
"view_count": 117
}
|
[] |
69445
| null | null |
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