question
dict | answers
list | id
stringlengths 1
6
| accepted_answer_id
stringlengths 2
6
⌀ | popular_answer_id
stringlengths 1
6
⌀ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30244",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "Most detailed definition I could find:\n\n> 床下とは \n> 建物の床の下。えん（縁）のした。\n\nPicture from google:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Yd3J0.jpg)\n\nExample:\n\n> その大雨で床下30センチまで水につかった。 \n> The heavy rain flooded my house up to 30cm below the floorboards.\n\nHowever, what I don't understand from the above is:\n\nDoes the water rise within 30cm distance of the wooden floorboards (upper\nlimit) or 30cm above the cement floor (lower limit, like on the picture)? Does\n床下 refer to the whole space? In any case, **what exactly happens in the\nexample sentence?**",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-05T11:09:13.917",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30242",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-07T09:54:00.200",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-06T17:18:09.070",
"last_editor_user_id": "3437",
"owner_user_id": "12127",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 11,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What is 床下? (picture attached)",
"view_count": 338
} | [
{
"body": "I am pretty sure that 床下30センチ in your sentence means 30 centimeters above the\nground, with additional information that it is below the floor level. It does\nnot mean 30 centimeters below the floor level (that is, the distance from the\nfloor level was 30 centimeters), which would be 床の30センチ下.\n\n床下 means the space under the floor, as in 床下に収納スペースがある家 (a house with an\nunderfloor storage).\n\n* * *\n\n**Note/Warning/Excuse.** I was pretty sure when I posted this answer, but I am\nno longer sure. I admit that I could not find evidence that my interpretation\nwas correct. broccoli forest’s answer proves that at least some people\ninterpret it differently from what I wrote above. Maybe my interpretation is\nsimply wrong, or maybe the sentence is ambiguous.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-05T12:04:30.523",
"id": "30243",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-05T12:35:23.160",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-05T12:35:23.160",
"last_editor_user_id": "15",
"owner_user_id": "15",
"parent_id": "30242",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "Upper limit.\n\nThough 床下【ゆかした】 stands as a noun by itself, it literally means \"under-floor\".\nTherefore, 床下30センチ always means \"-30cm from the floor level\". 床 in this phrase\nis understood as the floorboards you live upon. If you want to tell you have\n30cm deep water in the space between the base and the floorboards, you have to\nsay 床下 **に** 30センチ (so that you grammatically treat 床下 as a noun).\n\nSimilarly, 床上【ゆかうえ】 is used for \"above the floor level\" as well.\n\nOr more generally, there are lots of words with ～上/下 that means \"(distance)\nabove/below _X_ \".\n\n * 桁上【けたうえ】/桁下【けたした】 _above/below the girder_ (see the pic)\n * 股上【またがみ】/股下【またした】 (of bottom wear) _rise / below the crotch_\n * 地上【ちじょう】/地下【ちか】 _above/below ground_\n * 氷点下【ひょうてんか】 _below freezing_ (= minus degree Celsius)\n\n* * *\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/TSuhx.jpg)\n\n* * *\n\n**EDIT**\n\n\"床下 + number\" is possibly open to two ways of interpretation (see the\ncomments)... But at least I've found [a J-E dictionary\nentry](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/je/77294/meaning/m0u/) that says:\n\n> 床下10センチまで水につかった \n> The flood waters rose to within ten centimeters of the floor of his house.",
"comment_count": 10,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-05T12:06:24.763",
"id": "30244",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-05T13:06:39.183",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-05T13:06:39.183",
"last_editor_user_id": "7810",
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "30242",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
},
{
"body": "I understand the sentence, “床下30センチまで水につかった” implies that the water below the\nfloor came up to 30 centimeters high from the ground. I casted this question\nto several members of English speaking circle I'm with to monitor other's\nview. The answer was unanimously 'the height from the ground.' Reason? It’s\neasier to fathom the depth of water from the ground than measuring the length\nof gap between the crest and floor level by creeping into 'below-floor.'",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-07T08:30:37.363",
"id": "30264",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-07T09:54:00.200",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-07T09:54:00.200",
"last_editor_user_id": "12056",
"owner_user_id": "12056",
"parent_id": "30242",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
]
| 30242 | 30244 | 30244 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30249",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "This is my first post here, I'm sorry if I didn't follow any formatting or\nposting rules.\n\nOriginal sentence, from a character's monologue:\n\n> **願わくば** この時間が少しでも長く続くことを。。。\n\nThe English translation I have (not mine or official) is\n\n> I wish this moment could last even a little bit longer.....\n\nI was quite confused by this conjugation, so I did some research on this site,\nand read [this\nanswer](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/17906/conjugating-\ninto-%E3%81%AA%E3%81%91%E3%82%8C%E3%81%B0/17907) on how conditionals can be\nrepresented as 連用形 + あれば. So is 願わくば a contraction of 願わなくあれば / 願わなければ ?\n\nBut the thing I'm more confused about is, why is the negative conditional form\nused here in the first place? In the plain conditional, this looks something\nlike \" **If** I had to wish for something, it would be for this moment to\ncontinue for a little longer\", but why the seemingly negative form? (Or is it\neven negative to begin with?)\n\nSorry for the ~~double~~ triple-loaded question, but one more thing: is this\ncontraction of the conditional form commonly used? (Like in informal\ncontexts?)\n\n**Edit:** In case you're wondering why I made these somewhat far-fetched\nguesses: I guessed negative because of the わ (願う->願 **わ** ない), and guessed\nconditional because of the ば (願う->願え **ば** ). Sorry >.<\n\nThank you for your time.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-05T14:28:03.670",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30245",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-06T03:20:56.510",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.207",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "10549",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"verbs",
"etymology",
"conjugations",
"nominalization"
],
"title": "What conjugation of 願う is 願わくば, and what does it mean here?",
"view_count": 762
} | [
{
"body": "願わくば is actually a 副詞, not anything else you might have confused it with. It\nsimply means \"I wish that....\"\n\nI found some more information about this in this page:\n<http://keigo.livedoor.biz/archives/946281.html>\n\n> 「願わくば」という言い回しは間違いですが、現在では、「願わくば」と使われることが多くなり、間違いとは言い切れなくなってきているのが現状でしょう\n\nAccording to this page, 願わくば is actually an incorrect form of 願わくは, which\ncomes from a 文語詞 of 願う（願ふ）. The page also states that 願わくば is a very common\nexpression nowadays. This means that classifying it as incorrect is debatable.\n\nEdit: For further clarification, 願はく is a noun form of 願ふ, which then had は\nadded to it(i.e. \"the wish is..\"). the は turned into わ and the final は turned\ninto ば in modern usage.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-05T14:41:48.227",
"id": "30246",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-05T14:48:18.517",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-05T14:48:18.517",
"last_editor_user_id": "11176",
"owner_user_id": "11176",
"parent_id": "30245",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "This 願わくば is a fixed expression fossilized long ago, and you just have to\nmemorize it without thinking about it too much. It's a literary expression\nthat corresponds to \"Hopefully, ...\" used as a sentence adverb.\n\nAs pointed out in the comment, this is related to ク語法, a grammatical feature\nwhich had already dropped out of use more than 1000 years ago. It was\noriginally 願わくは (nominalized 願う + topic marker は = \"What I hope is ...\"). 願わくは\nis still used, but I hear 願わくば more often.\n\nHere are some words and phrases which are etymologically related to ク語法. It's\nnot really worth analyzing them too much unless you want to be an expert of\nold Japanese grammar.\n\n> * [曰【いわ】く](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/15929/meaning/m0u/) (someone)\n> saying ...\n> * [恐【おそ】らく](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/31364/meaning/m0u/) probably\n> * [思惑【おもわく】](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/33561/meaning/m0u/) thoughts,\n> expectation\n> * [老【お】いらく](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/27306/meaning/m0u/) aging,\n> getting old [※rare]\n> * [惜【お】しむらくは…](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/31113/meaning/m0u/)\n> Regrettably, ...\n> * [望【のぞ】むらくは…](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/171956/meaning/m0u/)\n> Hopefully, ...\n>",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-06T02:43:19.093",
"id": "30249",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-06T03:20:56.510",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-06T03:20:56.510",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "30245",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
}
]
| 30245 | 30249 | 30249 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I can read Japanese kanji just fine (being able to read/write Chinese\nalready). However, I can't seem to remember the pronunciation as the Chinese\nreading gets in the way. For example, my mind repeatedly reads 食物 as \"shi wu\"\nand not _shokumotsu_. Are there any ways of memorizing the correct readings\nother than simply rote memorization? (To make matters worse I also know\nCantonese, so I struggle between 時間 being read as \"shi jian\", \"shi gan\", and\n\"jikan\"). Anyone been able to overcome this? It's a bit of a roadblock in me\nlearning to read Japanese out loud, especially learning new Japanese terms to\nspeak.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-05T14:52:42.033",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30247",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-05T16:46:15.897",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-05T16:46:15.897",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "12129",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"learning",
"chinese"
],
"title": "Transitioning to Japanese kanji from Chinese",
"view_count": 198
} | [
{
"body": "If you're familiar with the Japanese spoken language, one approach you can\ntake is to **rectify each kanji you read with a familiar word that it appears\nin.**\n\nFor example, if you see the kanji 手 and you naturally want to pronounce it\n\"zu\" instead of \"te,\" recall that you know that same kanji from the word 手紙,\nin which it is pronounced \"te.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-05T16:09:15.323",
"id": "30248",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-05T16:09:15.323",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12130",
"parent_id": "30247",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 30247 | null | 30248 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30253",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "問題ない vs 問題じゃない\n\nFrom what I understand the negative form of a noun is created with じゃない and\nnot ない however my textbook uses 問題ない in an example (translated as \"no\nproblem\").\n\nLooking elsewhere on the Internet it looks like 問題ない seems to be acceptable\nusage but I do not understand _why_ within the rules of the language.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-06T13:28:33.057",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30252",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-06T13:53:17.550",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-06T13:53:17.550",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "12136",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"set-phrases",
"negation"
],
"title": "Is it ok to say 問題ない instead of 問題じゃない? Why?",
"view_count": 2861
} | [
{
"body": "問題ない does not mean 'It's not a problem', which is what 問題じゃない would mean. You\nmay be aware that ない is the negative form of ある, 'there is', which means that\n問題ない means 'There is no problem.' Note that you can also say 問題はない.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-06T13:34:25.247",
"id": "30253",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-06T13:34:25.247",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9971",
"parent_id": "30252",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
},
{
"body": "問題ない is not negating the noun (that would be 問題じゃない or 問題ではない, as you\ncorrectly noticed). Rather, it is saying 問題 **が** ない (or 問題 **は** ない),\nliterally \"there isn't a problem\".\n\nI think you can safely treat 問題ない as a set phrase, rather than an ellipsis\n(omission) of が or は. (For example, I don't think 問題ない is particularly\ninformal, although omissions usually are.)\n\nThere is at least one other similar phrase, 異常なし (\"No concerns\"). You can read\nabout なし (an older variant of ない) and ない in detail here: [What does 「なし」in\n「問題なし」 mean?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/17896/what-\ndoes-%E3%81%AA%E3%81%97-in-%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C%E3%81%AA%E3%81%97-mean)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-06T13:37:10.743",
"id": "30254",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-06T13:50:25.093",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.207",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "30252",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
}
]
| 30252 | 30253 | 30254 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> もう学校始まってから二週間もたってるよ\n\nPlease verify because I've seen in some dictionaries it's already an obsolete\nword, it means mota-\"having done\"\n\nSome dictionaries don't have a word mota so I can't see the conjugations on\nthis one.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-06T14:54:00.697",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30255",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-06T15:10:13.400",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-06T15:10:13.400",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "12138",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"translation",
"words",
"parsing"
],
"title": "What does \"motatte\" mean?",
"view_count": 1228
} | [
{
"body": "「たって」 is from the verb 経つ{たつ}, meaning \"to pass (time)\". It's usually not\nwritten in kanji.\n\nも is a particle attached to 二週間, and when attached to a counter it means the\nspeaker believes that that amount is a lot.\n\n> もう学校始まってから二週間も経ってるよ \n> It's already been two weeks since school started!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-06T14:59:10.280",
"id": "30256",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-06T14:59:10.280",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9749",
"parent_id": "30255",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 12
},
{
"body": "You are parsing it incorrectly: 二週間もたってる is 二週間も + たって（い）る.\n\n * も is sense 一・④ in 大辞林 \n\n> **も** \n> **一** (係助) \n> [...] \n> ④ 極端な物事を指定し、強調する。…さえも。「聞いたこと–ない話」「太っ腹の社長–、今度はまいったようだ」\n\nand is for emphasis.\n\n * たって is the te-form of 経つ (as in 時間がたつ \"time passes\")",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-06T15:09:24.460",
"id": "30257",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-06T15:09:24.460",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "30255",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
]
| 30255 | null | 30256 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30259",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "I tried to quickly Google and search for this here, but couldn't find anything\nrelevant. Basically I want to know whether there is any common word for\nJapanese conversation; e.g. in the context of speaking about a Japanese\nconversation course, or otherwise.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-06T19:38:42.840",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30258",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-08T11:08:06.293",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-06T19:47:55.463",
"last_editor_user_id": "11990",
"owner_user_id": "11990",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "Is there an equivalent of 英会話 for the Japanese language?",
"view_count": 265
} | [
{
"body": "I think 英会話 is special in many way. For example, 仏会話 or 独会話 aren't really\nused. For other language courses, you can use [language name] + 会話, e.g.\nフランス語会話 or ドイツ語会話 or 中国語会話, or even 外国語会話 in general. (Of course 英 is already\nspecial in that other language names are usually formed as [country name] +\n語.)\n\n英会話 probably meant \"conversation in English\" initially, but it has become\nalmost synonymous with _courses/classes teaching_ English conversational\nskills. Of course English is also special in that it is (at least\nstatistically speaking) the _only_ foreign language taught; and English is\ntaught with an infamously poor focus on conversational skills, necessitating\n英会話 classes.\n\nI don't think the same is necessarily true for other languages, so to describe\na French conversation class, you might want to explicitly say フランス語会話 **コース**\n(or レッスン).\n\nI guess that 日本語会話 is something not really taught to native speakers, so you\nmight just use a more generic \"Japanese language course\" instead, for example\n日本語講座, 日本語集中コース, 日本語勉強会, or whatever best describes your class. If it's a\nclass really focussing on conversational skills, then maybe 日本語会話コース (or\nレッスン).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-06T21:00:41.893",
"id": "30259",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-06T21:00:41.893",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "30258",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
},
{
"body": "I cannot think of any other than 日本語会話 as the translation of Japanese\nconversation and an equivalent to '英会話.' I think it better not to tinker\naround other alternatives wastefully.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-07T22:39:31.813",
"id": "30274",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-07T22:39:31.813",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12056",
"parent_id": "30258",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "I came across a Japanese teacher talking about a special event for non-native\nspeakers speaking in Japanese. The event is called \"日本語でしゃべらないと\", which\napparently means \"have to chat in Japanese\".",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T11:08:06.293",
"id": "30286",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-08T11:08:06.293",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "91",
"parent_id": "30258",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
]
| 30258 | 30259 | 30259 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30261",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm trying to say, \"I arrived at the station this morning.\"\n\n```\n\n 今朝駅に着きました。\n \n```\n\nAs I understand, 今朝 can be read as けさ or こんちょう. Which is the correct reading\nin this case?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-06T23:58:31.807",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30260",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-07T00:23:54.867",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1346",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"readings"
],
"title": "What's the reading for 今朝 in this sentence?",
"view_count": 318
} | [
{
"body": "In casual conversation such as this, けさ is by far the more common reading.\nAlthough I can't seem to find any definitive references that state this aside\nfrom personal experience, here are some links that provide both readings.\n\n<http://jisho.org/search/%E4%BB%8A%E6%9C%9D> \nProvides the common reading けさ with the other form こんちょう.\n\n<http://www.engyes.com/en/dic-content/%E4%BB%8A%E6%9C%9D> \nProvides a brief Chinese meaning and the etymology of both けさ and こんちょう.\n\n<https://kotobank.jp/word/%E4%BB%8A%E6%9C%9D-489849> \nReferences both the Digital Daijisen, and the Daijirin Third Edition which\nshows both the same meanings for both readings and the alternate reading in\neach entry.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-07T00:23:54.867",
"id": "30261",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-07T00:23:54.867",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9241",
"parent_id": "30260",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 30260 | 30261 | 30261 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "I can't understand what どくしんで means (I know there is the のです here but I can't\nunderstand the verb before it).\n\nAlso, in the second part ハンサムだから, I studied that から is Place at the end of the\nfirst sentence with the second part of the sentence following it (...だから...),\nisn't it?\n\nThank you",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-07T09:21:05.220",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30265",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-08T02:15:20.457",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-08T02:15:20.457",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12143",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"copula",
"particle-から",
"coordination"
],
"title": "What does どくしんでハンサムだからね mean?",
"view_count": 154
} | [
{
"body": "> 独身{どくしん} で ハンサム だから ね\n\nWithout further context it's hard to tell who is the subject/object of this\nphrase, but it shall be read:\n\n> It's because だから \n> _someone_ \n> is single and... どくしんで \n> handsome ハンサム",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-07T10:09:47.200",
"id": "30266",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-07T10:09:47.200",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11104",
"parent_id": "30265",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "> [one or more factors that make one popular etc.]だからね\n\nThis is a common phrase to acknowledge someone for being pretty good in some\nway (popular, smart, etc.) either in front of them or when gossiping about\nthem.\n\nIt's basically \"It makes sense how he's popular with women when you know that\nhe's single and handsome.\"\n\nJapanese people fill in that sentence like this in their minds:\n\n> 独身でハンサムだからそりゃモテるよね\n\n * そりゃ slang for \"of course,\" \"naturally,\" \"then\" \n * モテる \"to be popular with the opposite sex\"\n\nIn the sentence you wrote, it sounds like the speaker is talking to their\nfriends about how some guy they know is popular.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-07T20:32:33.527",
"id": "30273",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-07T23:54:56.073",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-07T23:54:56.073",
"last_editor_user_id": "12150",
"owner_user_id": "12150",
"parent_id": "30265",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "\"Cos you're single and handsome\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T02:12:41.857",
"id": "30280",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-08T02:12:41.857",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12106",
"parent_id": "30265",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
]
| 30265 | null | 30266 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30269",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I recently came across this sentence, and I'm having trouble figuring out what\n何 is doing. (I'm fine with the rest.)\n\n> 何があっても、大丈夫だろ。\n\nBased on context, my best attempt is: even if something were to happen, it'd\nprobably be fine. But I thought 何 means \"what\", and only 何か could mean\n\"something\".\n\nDoes 何 always mean \"something\" when used in the pattern 何 + te-form + も? Or is\nthis a fixed expression that I haven't seen before? Can 何 mean something\nwithout か in other situations as well?\n\nIs 何かがあっても、大丈夫だろ。also a grammatically correct sentence?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-07T10:58:34.273",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30268",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-07T12:45:11.723",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-07T12:45:11.723",
"last_editor_user_id": "11104",
"owner_user_id": "11962",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"て-form",
"particle-も"
],
"title": "何 + te-form + も (何 by itself to mean \"something\")",
"view_count": 141
} | [
{
"body": "This is one of those times when translating literally doesn't quite give you\nwhat you want. The sentence means something along the lines of \"no matter what\nhappens, it'll probably be fine.\" The 何 in this case is the \"what\" in\nquestion. 何かがあっても、大丈夫だろ is also grammatically correct (I think?), but it\nsounds a bit weird to me. That would basically be saying \"even if something\nhappens, it'll probably be fine.\" In these sentences, も is what keeps 何 from\nbecoming an interrogative, introducing the meaning \"even if,\" or \"no matter\nif/that,\" as well as the idea of being all-inclusive (basically, imagine 何 as\nany possible 何 that could happen--in Engish, we would call this \"anything\").\nSorry if I couldn't explain it well.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-07T12:11:05.437",
"id": "30269",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-07T12:19:16.367",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-07T12:19:16.367",
"last_editor_user_id": "9596",
"owner_user_id": "9596",
"parent_id": "30268",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 30268 | 30269 | 30269 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30272",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "So on the shinkansen, the announcer says something along the lines of:\n\n> Kyou mo JR wo goriyou itadakimashite, makotoni arigatou gozaimasu.\n\nWhat does _itadakimashite_ do in this situation?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-07T15:27:58.363",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30270",
"last_activity_date": "2016-02-27T23:04:57.160",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-08T01:35:51.320",
"last_editor_user_id": "11104",
"owner_user_id": "12129",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What does \"itadakimashite\" do in this case?",
"view_count": 3339
} | [
{
"body": "いただきまして is just the 〜て form of いただきます. It is the more polite version of いただいて\n(the 〜て form of いただく).\n\nBut the real issue here is the form `ご＋[noun of する verb]＋いただく`. This is polite\nspeech ([謙譲語]{けん・じょう・ご}) used to humble yourself toward someone \"higher up\" to\n(more or less) say that they did something favourable/beneficial to you\n(compare/contrast with `ご＋[noun of する verb]＋くださる`); in this case, the JR\ncompany is humbling themselves toward the passengers as \"higher ups\", thanking\nthem for using JR.\n\nHere's the verb conjugation\n\n> 利用する (make use of) → ご利用いただく (humbly receive your making use of)\n\nSo presumably you know that the whole phrase means\n\n> We sincerely thank you for using JR today (too).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-07T17:02:04.920",
"id": "30272",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-07T17:02:04.920",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "78",
"parent_id": "30270",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
},
{
"body": "In the honorific language, used by business owners,shopkeepers, etc when\ntalking to their customers and in this case the JR company to their customers\nie the passengers, some basic verbs are changed:\n\n\"suru\" becomes \"itasu\" (to do) \"morau\" becomes \"itadaku\" (to receive)\n\n\"goriyou\" means literally \"use\", the go- part is also used as an honorific.\n\n\"goriyou itadaku\" is a common collocation used by companies and service\nproviders when addressing their customers and it roughly means \"to make use of\n(service)\"\n\nShinkansen goriyou itadakimashite arigatou gozaimasu \"Thank you for using the\nshinkansen\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-02-27T23:04:57.160",
"id": "32511",
"last_activity_date": "2016-02-27T23:04:57.160",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "13694",
"parent_id": "30270",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
]
| 30270 | 30272 | 30272 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Ok, so I mostly understand how vowel devoicing works in Japanese, but there's\nsomething that's making me a bit confused. On all the sources I've found, most\nsay that vowel devoicing usually occurs in a vowel sound in-between two\nvoiceless consonants - specifically k, s, sh, t, ch, h, f and on rare\noccasions, apparently b, and p. However, there are a few times where I've seen\na voiceless vowel occur with \"d\" as the second consonant, and at one point, I\nbelieve I've heard an \"r\" as the second consonant as well ( Examples: しだ、知らず\n). Now, is it that maybe these are unique cases, or that I'm just not hearing\nthem correctly? Or is there some other rule I'm missing?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-07T16:38:34.677",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30271",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-07T22:52:41.507",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12146",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"pronunciation",
"phonology",
"phonetics"
],
"title": "Rule on vowel devoicing?",
"view_count": 4448
} | [
{
"body": "The phonological rules of vowel devoicing in Japanese are as follows: high\nvowels (that is, in the case of Japanese, i and u), become unvoiced when\nsurrounded by other unvoiced sounds. This is how it works on paper, and\nusually these rules are followed, but sometimes when people speak very\nquickly, these vowels become unvoiced even if one of the sounds surrounding it\nis voiced. It is also notable that typically males devoice vowel more\nfrequently than females. Most of this information can also be found on\nWikipedia: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_phonology#Devoicing>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-07T22:52:41.507",
"id": "30275",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-07T22:52:41.507",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9596",
"parent_id": "30271",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 30271 | null | 30275 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30327",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "What is the type of word `～がかり`, e.g `気{き}がかり`\n\nIs it noun, or adjective?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T01:54:19.587",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30279",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-10T01:15:03.910",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-08T02:03:31.370",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "6895",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"suffixes",
"morphology",
"parts-of-speech"
],
"title": "About the words in format: ～がかり",
"view_count": 465
} | [
{
"body": "My Japanese dictionary says it's a suffix. Suffixes are called 接尾語 in\nJapanese.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T03:26:35.357",
"id": "30281",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-08T03:26:35.357",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12150",
"parent_id": "30279",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "It's the masu-form of the intransitive verb かかる ( _to relate_ , _to concern_ ,\netc), used as a noun. 気がかり is a compound noun made of 気 ( _mind_ ) + かかり (\n_concerning_ ).\n\nThis `noun + masu-form` pattern is very often seen in Japanese nouns. Just to\nname a few:\n\n * 綱引き (tug of war): 綱 (rope) + 引き (pulling)\n * 花見 (cherry-viewing): 花 (flower) + 見 (viewing)\n * 爪切り (nail clipper): 爪 (nail) + 切り (cutter)\n\nI don't know whether the verbs in these words can be called suffixes, because\nmost verbs can be turned into nouns in this way. But they function like a\nsuffix, anyway.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T07:39:09.867",
"id": "30283",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-08T07:39:09.867",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "30279",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "Practically all monolingual dictionaries will label 「気がかり」 as both a [名詞]{めいし}\nand a [形容動詞]{けいようどうし}.\n\n名詞： \"noun\"\n\n形容動詞： \"na-adjective\" or \"adjectival noun\"\n\n> 「Word X + **な** + Noun」\n\nIf the phrase above makes sense, then Word X can be called a 形容動詞 according to\nJapanese \"school grammar\", which is the main school of grammar that is being\ntaught to our children all over the country as I type this.\n\nJust as 「きれい **な** 人 (a beautiful woman)」, 「[元気]{げんき} **な** [子]{こ} (a perky\nkid)」 and 「[簡単]{かんたん} **な** あいさつ (a brief greeting)」 make perfect sense, 「気がかり\n**な** こと (a worrying matter)」 is grammatical and it makes perfect sense as\nwell.\n\nAccordingly, 「気がかり」 can certainly be called a 形容動詞 just as 「きれい」, 「元気」 and\n「簡単」 can. Thus, your textbook is correct on this matter.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-10T01:15:03.910",
"id": "30327",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-10T01:15:03.910",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30279",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 30279 | 30327 | 30283 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "I'm trying (to no avail) to translate this sentence: まだいたとはね.\n\nI think it means something along the lines of here we go again, but I'm not\nsure.\n\nI don't really understand what いた means here. Is it a conjugation of 居る? (The\ncontext was two guys walk up to the main characters after the previous two\nwere defeated and start to talk about their plans, then one of the main\ncharacters says the above sentence.)\n\nFurthermore, what does the とは mean? I suspect it is the quotative と plus the\ncontrastive は, but the sentence as a whole still doesn't make sense to me.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T10:37:55.390",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30285",
"last_activity_date": "2016-02-08T15:43:50.710",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11962",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particle-と"
],
"title": "まだいたとはね meaning",
"view_count": 699
} | [
{
"body": "I'd translated the sentence `Oh, you are still here!?` or `Oh, he/she/they are\nstill here!?`.\n\nI'm not sure I understand context what you wrote though.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T11:30:42.203",
"id": "30289",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-08T11:30:42.203",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11556",
"parent_id": "30285",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "まだいた is 'was still there' - the とは part is conveying surprise, that something\nwent against the speakers expectations. The ね part is adding emphasis /\nseeking agreement with the listener.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-09T00:16:21.937",
"id": "30307",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-09T00:16:21.937",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12106",
"parent_id": "30285",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "I think there is technically enough information in the comments and answers\nfor this to be answered, but as none of the answers has been accepted I'll\nwrite it out a bit clearer.\n\nAs _oals_ indicated, the \"とは” at the end of a sentence (possibly before a ね or\nな) means \"とは思わなかった\", which indicates surprise about a state. Note here that は\nis used after the と because it expresses something negative, which is a common\npattern with the は particle.\n\nA similar pattern is ~なんて which can be used to express surprise about\nsomething (i.e. こんなに難しいなんて”）\n\nまだ means \"still\" when used in a positive sentence, and いた comes from 居た (a\nform of 居る, which generally means a living thing exists or is present). While\nthis seems like the past tense, it is technically the \"modal た\", which you can\nread more about\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/21347/usage-of-plain-i-\nadjectives-\nor-%E3%81%9F-form-%E6%82%AA%E3%81%8B%E3%81%A3%E3%81%9F%EF%BD%96%E6%82%AA%E3%81%84-%E8%89%AF%E3%81%8B%E3%81%A3%E3%81%9F%EF%BD%96%E3%81%84%E3%81%84-etc).\nThis usage is seen in other cases, like when you say \"あった\" when you find\nsomething you were looking for.\n\nThere are many ways to translate this, and I think that those in _ironsand_ 's\nanswer aren't bad. However, assuming the context implies \"you\", one other way\nto say this would be:\n\n> I'd never have guessed you were still here.\n\nCorrection: changed description of \"ta\" from \"past\" to \"modal\" based on\nfeedback from l'électeur.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-02-08T02:36:04.597",
"id": "31007",
"last_activity_date": "2016-02-08T15:43:50.710",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.260",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "11825",
"parent_id": "30285",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
]
| 30285 | null | 31007 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30310",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "I am very confused by this sentence but looking at some google searches it\nseems like this is relatively common phrase, but I am having a very difficult\ntime understanding its meaning and usage.\n\nI understand 「眠ってる場合」, but its usage in combination with こんなところで and ではない is a\nlittle too abstract for me to understand why this is a natural sentence. I\nthink I have trouble with more abstract notions of \"place\" in Japanese and\nthat might be why I am so confused by this sentence.\n\nI was told that this might be something that is said if you are sleepy but\nhave an exam the next day, and the combination of words used in this phrase\nleads me to believe it is true, but I do not get that meaning if I try to\nbreak down the sentence using what I know about Japanese grammar.\n\nIs it common to use this structure? こんなところで～場合ではない in other contexts? If yes,\ncould you provide some alternative common phrases?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T11:14:06.323",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30287",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-10T07:19:03.657",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10196",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Meaning of こんなところで眠ってる場合ではない",
"view_count": 651
} | [
{
"body": "The meaning of `こんなところで〜場合ではない` is `It's not a situation that I/you should\nspend time for something`.\n\nBut for me `ではない` sounds bit too formal or contrived, in normal conversation\nit's better to use `じゃない` instead.\n\nFor example when you meet your friends on the way to an appointment, you may\nchat a bit and want to talk more, but there is no time for it. In the\nsituation like this you could say: `こんなところでおしゃべりしてる場合じゃなかった`.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T11:24:55.410",
"id": "30288",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-08T11:24:55.410",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11556",
"parent_id": "30287",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "> 「(こんなところで) + Verb Phrase in ている/てる Form + [場合]{ばあい}ではない 」\n\nis a very common set phrase meaning:\n\n> \"Now is not the time to ~~ (in a place/at a time like this)!\"\n>\n> \"I am not supposed to be (verb + ing) here/now!\"\n\n「[場合]{ばあい}」, in this phrase, means \"circumstances\" rather than \"case\".\n\n「ところ」 here can refer to a spatial and/or temporal point. One should **_not_**\njust take the usual dictionary definition of \"place\" to understand it.\n\nThis expression can be used both when:\n\n1) one has actually started doing the thing one should not be doing (\"Damn!\nHow the heck could I actually be doing this when I should be doing ~~\ninstead!\")\n\n2) one finds oneself thinking about doing it. (Oops! I shouldn't be thinking\n'bout **_that_** now, should I? I've gotta concentrate on writing my answer to\nthis question!)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-09T02:39:20.437",
"id": "30310",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-10T07:19:03.657",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-10T07:19:03.657",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30287",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "This breaks down into 'this is not the time/place to be (doing) X!'\n\nEssentially, someone is doing something at a time or place they shouldn't be\nand someone is telling them off.\n\n@ironsand - ではない isn't necessarily formal, it just conveys a bit more of a\nharsh tone here. Like, you want to really emphasise the point that this is not\nthe place to be doing X. Going out of your way to use the full grammatical\nconstruct is kind of akin to when your parents used your full name (including\nmiddle name) to tell you off when you did something naughty. It had more\nimpact.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-09T03:08:02.727",
"id": "30312",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-09T03:08:02.727",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12106",
"parent_id": "30287",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 30287 | 30310 | 30310 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 5,
"body": "I would like to know what the meaning of the expression やれ{HL}やれ{HL} Yare Yare\nis? I hear it often said in anime.\n\n * some people said \"that yare yare is another japanese onomatopoeia. Kind of like pera pera, gira gira, goro goro, etc. \n * some others think \"it has to do with the sound a person make when he/she is tired, you know that sound when you are taking a break and you hear yourself breathe heavily. Yare yare doesn't have a direct translation... it is just an onomatopoeia that describes the sound of being relaxed. Japanese just hear that sound differently, they hear \"yare yare\".\" \n * [crunchyroll](http://www.crunchyroll.com/) [funimation](http://www.funimation.com/) [hulu](http://www.hulu.com) [theanimenetwork](https://www.theanimenetwork.com/) [nicovideo](http://www.nicovideo.jp) [daisuki](http://www.daisuki.net/) translated as boy oh boy or my oh my\n\n * Is that true?",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T12:02:41.940",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30290",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-08T15:22:42.670",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-09T06:48:54.353",
"last_editor_user_id": "7810",
"owner_user_id": "12158",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 33,
"tags": [
"expressions",
"anime",
"interjections"
],
"title": "What does やれ{HL}やれ{HL} \"yare yare\" mean?",
"view_count": 229686
} | [
{
"body": "It's an interjection that mean kind like `There you/he go again...`. But as\nyou said it's difficult to translate.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T12:29:04.880",
"id": "30291",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-08T12:29:04.880",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11556",
"parent_id": "30290",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "No, やれ{HL}やれ{HL} is not an onomatopoeia but an **interjection**. It doesn't\nsymbolize any sound or state, and cannot used like other onomatopoeiae:\n\n> × やれやれという音を立てて \n> × やれやれした様子で\n\nBut as you said, it's true that this word has no fixed translation in English.\n\nFor example, Haruki Murakami is known to use this expression repeatedly as one\nof his signature style, and his translators have taken several ways to\ntransfer it to English. According to [this\npage](http://englishmaxims.seesaa.net/article/378175340.html), 7 out of 8\nappearances of it in _A Wild Sheep Chase_ was translated (by Alfred Birnbaum)\nas:\n\n> Just great.\n\nwhile the last one as:\n\n> Give me a break.\n\nFurther, in newer _1Q84_ tr. by Jay Rubin & J. Philip Gabriel it's like:\n\n> **Damn**. What was the point of locking the place so securely? \n> **Oh, great**. Things really are not going to go smoothly. I knew it. \n> After the Queen video ended, ABBA came on. **Oh, no**. \n> “ **Oh, man** ,” Aomame sighed, pressing her temples.\n\n* * *\n\n**PS**\n\nFor its descriptive meaning, I think [this\nanswer](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/9563/7810) would suffice. Note\nagain that we certainly use this expression when English speakers likely to\nsay _*sigh*_ , but it's not a sound of sighing neither.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T12:51:26.420",
"id": "30293",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-09T06:54:05.547",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.863",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "30290",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 33
},
{
"body": "YareYare is like...boy oh boy...",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T21:27:41.693",
"id": "30305",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-08T21:27:41.693",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12106",
"parent_id": "30290",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "やれ、やれ is an interjection often uttered when ① you are relieved from a burden\nor mental pressure, or ② when you have some burden or a little problem ahead,\nfor example:\n\n①やれやれ、[一仕事]{ひとしごと}終わった - Oh boy, I’ve finished this job.\n\nやれやれ、やっと[飯]{めし}が[炊]{た}けた - Here we go! Rice is done.\n\nやれやれ、借金も終わって[肩]{かた}の[荷]{に}が[下]{お}りた - Thank God. I settled the loans. I'm now\nfree from the burden.\n\nやれやれ、[一安心]{ひとあんしん} - Whew. Now I feel easy.\n\n②やれやれ、まだそれをやらなければならないの - Oh boy, do I have to deal with that (task) again?\n\nやれやれ、また電話か？ - Dammit, another (bothersome) phone call.\n\nやれやれ、あのガキがまた[悪戯]{いたずら}した - By gosh! That naughty boy did that hoax again.\n\nJust for your information, New Japanese-English Dictionary published by\nKenkyusha carries 'Oh boy' and 'whew' as interjections equivalent to やれやれ. And\n_Readers Japanese-English Dictionary_ provides 'Ohf!, Oh dear! Dear me, Dear,'\nas equivalents to やれやれ for expressing a surprise, and 'Ah! Thank God that\nover' for expressing a sign of relief.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-10T04:04:11.200",
"id": "30328",
"last_activity_date": "2016-07-30T20:47:33.497",
"last_edit_date": "2016-07-30T20:47:33.497",
"last_editor_user_id": "12056",
"owner_user_id": "12056",
"parent_id": "30290",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 12
},
{
"body": "It's literally \"sigh!\" but in a loving way, it denotes patience from the one\nusing the interjection. It is usually uttered by males in response to either\nchildren or women being difficult. It's a positive and calm way of saying\n\"good grief!\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-07-30T13:59:49.900",
"id": "37071",
"last_activity_date": "2016-07-30T13:59:49.900",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "16314",
"parent_id": "30290",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 30290 | null | 30293 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30301",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> お預け入れいただく明細は、すべて「元金成長型」のお取り扱いとなります。\n\nwhat does 元金成長型 mean in the above sentence.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T12:44:47.523",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30292",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-09T09:13:55.920",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10437",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"words",
"meaning",
"kanji"
],
"title": "What does 元金成長型 mean in this sentence",
"view_count": 105
} | [
{
"body": "It's a term invented by the financial industry. 元金 means the capital (as\nopposed to the interest), and 成長型 means the type of financial product is\n\"growth\". I.e. a financial product that \"attempts to grow your capital\".\n\nA similar term is 元金確保型 which normally means it's a more conservative asset\nallocation.\n\n(This is completely unrelated from the language perspective but be wary of\nthese mutual funds Japanese banks push on you, almost all of them are a\nterrible deal).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T18:39:50.367",
"id": "30301",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-09T09:13:55.920",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-09T09:13:55.920",
"last_editor_user_id": "542",
"owner_user_id": "499",
"parent_id": "30292",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 30292 | 30301 | 30301 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "What's the difference between these two sentences?\n\n> 1. リサに道を **見せてあげました**\n>\n> 2. リサに道を **見せていただきました**\n>\n>\n\nI'm studying the structures ～てあげます and ～ていただきます, but I can't understand the\ndifference, they both look the same to me. Can you help me please? I'm going\ncrazy.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T14:15:24.153",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30295",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-08T15:16:12.680",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "12143",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"subsidiary-verbs"
],
"title": "～てあげます versus ～ていただきます",
"view_count": 237
} | [
{
"body": "`リサに道を見せてあげました` means \"I showed Lisa the road.\" `リサに道を見せていただきました` means \"Lisa\nshowed me the road.\" (polite form)\n\nSo, it's total different.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T14:37:27.963",
"id": "30296",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-08T14:37:27.963",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11556",
"parent_id": "30295",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "Do you know what the basic verbs mean?\n\n * [本]{ほん}をあげます。 means \"I (will) give you (the) book\"\n * お[茶]{ちゃ}をいただきます。 means \"Yes please\", literally \"I will gratefully accept some tea\"\n\nSo if you combine these with verbal phrases, they similarly mean \"give\" and\n\"receive\" -- almost opposite meanings.\n\n * リサさんに道を[教]{おし}えてあげました means \"I showed Lisa the way\" (I _gave_ showing her)\n * リサさんに道を[教]{おし}えていただきました means \"Lisa (kindly) showed me the way\" (I _received_ being shown by her)\n\nIndidentally, what is this リサ? Except in very particular circumstances (in\nnone of which you would be saying いただきました), personal names take さん. And unless\nyou really mean there is a curiously different sort of road, and you want to\nshow it to someone, 道を見せる is not natural, so I changed it to the usual\nexpression.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T15:16:12.680",
"id": "30297",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-08T15:16:12.680",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7717",
"parent_id": "30295",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 30295 | null | 30297 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30314",
"answer_count": 4,
"body": "Is one more polite than the other? Is there some situations where you'd use\none or the other? Would different people prefer one?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T16:13:54.567",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30298",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-26T09:35:42.103",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-26T09:35:42.103",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "555",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 10,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words",
"daily-life"
],
"title": "What is the difference between お手洗い and トイレ",
"view_count": 7613
} | [
{
"body": "For public toilets, I remember that the toilet signs at the 明治神宮 and several\nother 神社 say お手洗い, not トイレ. I think you'd have a hard time finding a toilet in\na 神社 called トイレ. Similarly そば屋 usually use お手洗い. But I wouldn't be surprised\nto see a toilet in a そば屋 (especially in a cheap one) called トイレ.\n\nOn the other hand, most デパート I've been to use トイレ, the same goes for railway\ntoilets (e.g. of 東京メトロ or JR), but I wouldn't be surprised to see お手洗い there.\n\n* * *\n\n**Related trivia**\n\n * There are two other words for toilet: 便所【べんじょ】 and 厠【かわや】. 便所 is maybe like \"loo\"; お手洗い is probably somewhat more polite. 厠 isn't used much anymore and I would be surprised to see it anywhere but on outside toilets.\n\n * 御手洗【みたらい】 is the purification fountain at the entrance of shrines, where you purify your hands and mouth before entering.\n\n * 御手洗【みたらい】 is also a family name.\n\n * The area for washing hands is called 洗面所.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T19:14:45.643",
"id": "30302",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-08T22:04:49.683",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-08T22:04:49.683",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "30298",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 10
},
{
"body": "トイレ is a shortened form of English “toilet” in Japanese. Both ‘お手洗い’ and ‘便所’\nare Japanese language equivalents to toilet or lavatory. I think ‘トイレ’ is\nbecoming more popular than ‘お手洗い’ and ‘便所’ these days. I think older\ngeneration, particularly females tend to use ‘お手洗い’ in the way\n‘ちょっとお手洗いに行ってきます.’\n\n便所 is almost obsolete today. No one use 厠 – kawaya (equivalent to Chinese 厠所\nwhich is current in China) today, though it had been used before the World War\nII, and appears in literature.\n\n化粧室 is also used as an Japanese equivalent to powder room. But it sounds\nsomewhat standoffish. I’ve never heard someone says ‘ちょっと化粧室に行ってきます.’",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T21:44:51.037",
"id": "30306",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-08T21:44:51.037",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12056",
"parent_id": "30298",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
},
{
"body": "In my generation, トイレ is definitely the most common word refers to that\nfacility, over any native word. お手洗い is also usually heard, but whoever says\nお手洗い in daily conversations would be judged being overly polite or really\nwell-born. Nonetheless, we hear お手洗い more often than not because it's very\npopular in salesperson-ese, thus you're quite likely to run into such a\nsituation:\n\n> Customer: すいません。トイレはどこですか？\n>\n> Waiter: お手洗いはあちらになります。\n\n* * *\n\nAs other people already said, there are two more names of toilet room you may\nencounter in Japan today, but both aren't really spoken language.\n\n * 便所: This word makes me feel either outdated or vulgar if spoken. Maybe because a typical 便所 I see is shabby, hoary, undermaintenanced equipments like the most of 公衆便所 standing outdoors.\n\n * 化粧室: Most graceful word that only seen on signboards. Literally meaning \"powder room\", it might be a bit funny if you look at apparent characters 男性化粧室, but not many people seem to care about it.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/fgwxN.jpg)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-09T06:37:42.073",
"id": "30314",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-09T07:07:35.727",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "30298",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
},
{
"body": "The difference between those 2 words could also be akin to the US-style\n'washroom' (euphemism for toilet) and the direct term 'toilet'. For me, お手洗い\ncould be broken down into to お手 (hands) & 洗い (wash) i.e. 'wash hands' in the\nwashroom, i.e. euphemistically visit the toilet.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-10T10:38:53.227",
"id": "30332",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-10T10:38:53.227",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12167",
"parent_id": "30298",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
]
| 30298 | 30314 | 30302 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30304",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Is まだ私に会いたい場合 right? Because I think it sounds a little bit strange",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T16:24:24.117",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30299",
"last_activity_date": "2016-03-30T03:30:55.107",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-08T17:12:06.540",
"last_editor_user_id": "12160",
"owner_user_id": "12160",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "How should I say \"if you still want to meet me after all\"",
"view_count": 2867
} | [
{
"body": "That sounds a little like 'in the case that you still want to meet me', it's a\nbit awkward. You can simply say... 「まだ会いたかったら・・・」 which is 'If you still wanna\nmeet...'.\n\nIn Japanese we don't really use 私 if it can be assumed from context.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-08T21:24:25.473",
"id": "30304",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-08T21:24:25.473",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12106",
"parent_id": "30299",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 30299 | 30304 | 30304 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30309",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "**Context** : Translated lyrics, (source) **English** -> (content in question)\n**Japanese**.\n\n**Stanza context:**\n\n**English** (source): Put him in the back of a squad-car / restrain that man.\n\n**Their translation** : 彼【かれ】をパトカーの後部座席【こうぶざせき】に押【お】し込【こ】めて／身動【みうご】き取【と】れなくしろ\n\n**Part of sentence ending in question** :\n\n身動き取れなくしろ\n\n...\n\nFrom what I've gathered on jisho.com,\n\n身動き is a _noun_\n\n取れなく from 取れない from 取れる is a _verb_\n\nしろ from する is a _verb_\n\n...\n\nIt's clearly a a cluster of _verbs_ , but how do they fit together?\n\n...\n\nみうごきとれ＋ない = not able to have movement? movement not obtainable?\n\nない -> なく = change from meaning い-adjective to く-adverb\n\nしろ = casual imperative of to do\n\n=== \"Do it in a way that inhibits his movement.\" ...?\n\n...\n\nIs this really a good consistent way to parse the language? Is this example\nparsed correctly? Are there any nuances going on here, things that logically\nfollow because of the line before?\n\nThanks in advance",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-09T01:01:09.427",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30308",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-09T02:02:31.107",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-09T01:09:27.430",
"last_editor_user_id": "11863",
"owner_user_id": "11863",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"adverbs",
"negation",
"subsidiary-verbs",
"imperatives"
],
"title": "Help with translating a certain sentence ending: ～なくしろ",
"view_count": 187
} | [
{
"body": "> 「[連用形]{れんようけい} (continuative form) of a verb in potential form + なく + する」\n\n=\n\n> \"to make/leave someone unable to (verb)\"\n\n「[取]{と}れ」 is the 連用形 of 「取れる」, which is the potential form of 「取る」. (「なく」 is\nalso the 連用形 of 「ない」. 連用形 is so underrated among many J-learners IMHO. How\ndoes one say anything correctly and naturally without using it?)\n\n「しろ」, needless to say, is the imperative form of 「する」.\n\n「身動き（を）取る」 = \"to move freely\" ← A very useful expression to learn.\n\nThus, the sentence in question literally means:\n\n> \"Make him unable to move (freely)!\"\n\nMore naturally,\n\n> \"Bind him hand and foot!\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-09T02:02:31.107",
"id": "30309",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-09T02:02:31.107",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30308",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 30308 | 30309 | 30309 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30320",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm attempting to translate parts of my 完全マスター N2 textbook just for the\npractice, and even though I've already gotten past this section, the meaning\nof [国]{くに}の[母]{はは} still eludes me. I don't like using Google Translate, and I\ncan't find it in my dictionary.\n\nAlso if you could critique my translation, that would be very helpful.\n\n> [国]{くに}の[母]{はは}に[電話]{でんわ}をかけた。[母]{はは}の[声]{こえ}を[聞]{き}いたとたん、[涙]{なみだ}があふれてきた。\n>\n> \"I spoke to my mother over the phone. The second I heard her voice, I\n> started to sob with joy.\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-09T07:25:47.417",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30315",
"last_activity_date": "2016-02-04T14:16:37.110",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "12154",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 10,
"tags": [
"translation",
"words",
"definitions"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of 国の母?",
"view_count": 889
} | [
{
"body": "As shown in @choco's comment above, 「[国]{くに}」 in this context means \"one's\nbirthplace\", \"home province\", etc. It is mostly used when one is staying far\naway from where one was born and raised **_but is still in the same\ncountry/nation_**.\n\nWhen I am in another prefecture, I am sometimes asked 「国はどこ？」,「お国はどちらですか。」,\netc. to which I reply 「[名古屋]{なごや}です」.\n\nSo, 「国の母」 means \"my mother back home\". You yourself are living away from that\nplace/region now, but your mother is still there.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-09T13:21:53.580",
"id": "30320",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-09T13:21:53.580",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30315",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 15
}
]
| 30315 | 30320 | 30320 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30319",
"answer_count": 4,
"body": "A friend has sent me an email with questions scattered throughout ending in\n〜のですか, should I have 〜のです at the end of all sentences that address/answer\nthose questions in my reply? (EDIT: Because I've seen examples in textbooks\nbetween two people where A asks B something using 〜のですか and B answers with\nのです)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-09T08:09:30.727",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30316",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T16:56:06.480",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-09T11:21:53.510",
"last_editor_user_id": "12084",
"owner_user_id": "12084",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"questions"
],
"title": "〜のです(か) in email",
"view_count": 1400
} | [
{
"body": "Without knowing the actual questions asked and your (intended) answers/replies\nto them, it is difficult to answer this question with authority, but\n**_generally speaking_** , the following could be said.\n\nBasically, you **_do not_** need to use 「のです/んです」 in your answers/replies to\nquestions ending in 「のですか/んですか」 except when you want to emphasize a statement\nas in saying something along the lines of: \"X **_really_** is this way in my\ncountry\". You would need to be quite certain that the information you are\ngiving would be \"news\" to the other person.\n\nIt is completely acceptable to use 「のです/んです」 in some of your \"answers\", but it\nwould sound pretty wordy if you used it in too many of them. That is because\n「の（or ん）」 is such a nuanced word despite its physical length and simple\nappearance.\n\nI would say that if you used 「の/ん」 in roughly over 1/4 or 1/3 of your\nanswers/replies, you would be using it too many times. Then again, I am saying\nthis without knowing the content of the emails in question, so please take it\nwith a grain of salt.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-09T12:57:42.927",
"id": "30319",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-09T12:57:42.927",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30316",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
},
{
"body": "I think the best way to answer those questions is to answer those in polite\nforms.\n\n> Q: どこに行くのですか。 \n> A: 日本です。\n\nJapanese tend to add の at the end of sentence to make it more natural.\nJapanese people if I'm not mistaken are always delighted if you address them\nin polite form.\n\nThe example above is the plain form of the question どこに行きますか。",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T05:51:59.447",
"id": "30339",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T07:22:29.897",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-11T07:22:29.897",
"last_editor_user_id": "11104",
"owner_user_id": "12171",
"parent_id": "30316",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "To me ‘の’ of …のですか？and ’の’ of ’ …のです’ looks somewhat superfluous, though I’m\nnot saying it’s wrong. If the question is asking whether it’s your possession,\nyou can say これはあなたの(物)ですか？はい、私の(物)です。\n\nThe typical form of question in the polite way ends with ‘ですか？’and affirmative\nanswer is 'です’ or ‘ます.’ That’s why we call 敬語-polite way of saying ‘です・ます調-\ndesu/masu style’\n\nThere are many ways of ending the line in asking and answering question. So I\ncannot generalize how to express it. What I’m saying is you don’t need to\nstick to insertion of ’の’..",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T08:56:36.073",
"id": "30347",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T08:56:36.073",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12056",
"parent_id": "30316",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "The use of の at the end of a sentence is used only when seeking or providing\nan explanation or extra information on a particular subject.\n\n> 例： 「何それはのですか？」(What is it?) \n> 「ししおどしと言いますの。」(It is called 'shishiodoshi')\n\nNOTE: _ししおどし_ refers to those really cool bamboo fountain spouts, by the way.\nThere isn't any one word to capture the meaning in English though.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T16:01:31.743",
"id": "30355",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T16:56:06.480",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-11T16:56:06.480",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "12154",
"parent_id": "30316",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
}
]
| 30316 | 30319 | 30319 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30326",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "While going through one of my study sets I created back in December containing\nwords only marked as N2, I came across [正方形]{せいほうけい}, which was translated as\n\"square\". However, I always was taught and remember [四角]{しかく} to mean\n\"square\", so my question is, what's the difference?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-09T21:49:09.893",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30321",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-10T01:08:33.017",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12154",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words"
],
"title": "四角と正方形はどう違うの？~(What's the difference between 四角 and 正方形?)",
"view_count": 569
} | [
{
"body": "四角 is a diagram which is framed in by four lines on flat, so oblong figure and\ntrapezoid are 四角.\n\n正方形 is a kind of 四角 and it's called \"square\" in English. It is framed in by\nfour same lines and angles.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-09T22:30:16.397",
"id": "30325",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-09T22:35:27.897",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-09T22:35:27.897",
"last_editor_user_id": "7320",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "30321",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "They are used in different contexts with different but overlapping meanings.\n\n * 正方形 is a mathematical term for a square (a polygon with four sides of equal length and four angles of 90 degrees).\n * 四角 is a daily-use word for a quadrilateral (a polygon with four sides), and we never use it in mathematics (unless it is part of a compound word). However, in the daily language, often we do not make a distinction between the case where we mean a quadrilateral in general and the case where we mean a more specific kind of quadrilateral. Therefore, we often just say 四角 when we mean a square. This is probably why you were taught that 四角 means a square.\n\nThere is also a word 四角形.\n\n * 四角形 is a mathematical term for a quadrilateral. But when it is used in the daily language, 四角形 is just a little more formal version of 四角, and it does not necessarily mean a general quadrilateral.\n\nThe difference between 四角 and 四角形 is analogous to that between 三角 and 三角形:\n[What's the difference between 三角 and\n三角形?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/6430)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-10T01:08:33.017",
"id": "30326",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-10T01:08:33.017",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.207",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "15",
"parent_id": "30321",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
]
| 30321 | 30326 | 30326 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30324",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Let me explain, I know 2 languages, portuguese and english. When I learn the\nmeaning of a new word in Japanese, I take note of and try to remember the\nmeaning in english as well as in portuguese. For example, I write \"今日 = today\n/ hoje\". I do this thinking that this would help because it feels more toward\nremembering a meaning and not word equivalence.\n\nDoes that really help? Or is it a waste of time? Or it actually confuses me?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-09T21:53:37.873",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30322",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-09T22:05:18.950",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12121",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Does remembering meanings in two languages help",
"view_count": 79
} | [
{
"body": "Whether it can work or not for you, no one can say except you. Different\nlearning methods work (or not) for different people. For example, some people\nuse special mnemonic methods to memorize Kanji using various imagery or\npresumed similarities between a particular kanji and objects such as trees,\nanimals, etc. For me, this method does not work -- I just learn by breaking\ndown a kanji into radicals. Conclusion: if you find that noting down the\nmeaning in two languages is helpful to YOU, then it's not a waste of time.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-09T22:05:18.950",
"id": "30324",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-09T22:05:18.950",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12002",
"parent_id": "30322",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 30322 | 30324 | 30324 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30342",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Both expressions seem to be related to show a strong opposition to do\nsomething by rather doing something else. But what is the difference between\nthem ?\n\nAdditional question: both seem to express speaker point of view. Can we use\nthose structures to express other feelings ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-10T06:59:43.307",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30329",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T06:31:23.357",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-10T08:26:02.460",
"last_editor_user_id": "11104",
"owner_user_id": "12165",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Difference between くらいなら ～ のほうがましだ and くらいなら ～ ほうがいい",
"view_count": 917
} | [
{
"body": "Although both ～ましだ and ～いい indicate the better option of the alternatives,\n～ましだ indicates the better of undesirable alternatives, i.e. the least\nobjectionable choice.\n\nThat is to say ～ましだ has the added nuance that even though it is better, it is\nstill not satisfactory.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-10T08:30:40.963",
"id": "30330",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-10T08:30:40.963",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "542",
"parent_id": "30329",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "I assume that you already know the difference between いい and ましだ in isolation,\nand focus on the difference in the structures:\n\n> (A) XするくらいならYする/したほうがいい \n> (B) XするくらいならYする/したほうがましだ\n\nAs you wrote, both (A) and (B) mean that doing Y is better than doing X\nalthough both are bad, and this is often used as a statement of how bad doing\nX is. But I think that I feel a few differences in nuance between (A) and (B).\n\nFirst, simpler parts:\n\n * (B) is less formal than (A) because ましだ is a little colloquial word.\n * (B) puts more emphasis on the badness of the two options than (A). This is because ましだ already means “less bad” (better but still bad) even without the ～するくらいなら part.\n\nBut I think that there is another difference. I will try to explain it\nalthough I still have difficulty getting hold of it.\n\nWhile both (A) and (B) can be just a statement of a fact or an opinion, (A)\ncan also be a suggestion for the listener to do Y. I will use nomithekid’s\nexamples:\n\n> (1A) そんな仕事をするくらいなら、会社をやめたほうがいい。 \n> (1B) そんな仕事をするくらいなら、会社をやめたほうがましだ。\n\n(1A) can be either:\n\n * a mere statement of the speaker’s opinion about how bad the job is, or\n * a suggestion for the listener to quit the company, given that the alternative is doing that bad job.\n\nI think that (1B) is interpreted only as a statement and not a suggestion.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T06:31:23.357",
"id": "30342",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T06:31:23.357",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "15",
"parent_id": "30329",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
]
| 30329 | 30342 | 30342 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30334",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am having problems with some sentences in those JLPT problems where one has\nto assemble the sentence from 4 piece of text phrases.\n\nThe book contains the correct answer, but doesn't tell me the correct order of\nall elements. Are those sentences correct?\n\n> * フリーターは労働市場で 「極めて」 「不利な」 「状況に」 「置かれ」 貧困に陥る可能性がある。 \n> (#2 is known to be correct from the solution booklet)\n>\n> * この映画は、タイトルを見ると「その実は」「コメディの」「ようで」「いかにも」社会の矛盾を問うドキュメンタリーである。 \n> (#3 is known to be correct from the solution booklet)\n>\n>\n\nI struggle especially with the second sentence how to understand いかにも and その実は\nin this sentence.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-10T11:02:09.147",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30333",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T09:29:04.300",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-11T09:27:46.937",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "2965",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-order"
],
"title": "文の組み立て Question about word order",
"view_count": 374
} | [
{
"body": "> 1)『フリーターは[労働市場]{ろうどうしじょう}で 「[極]{きわ}めて」 「[不利]{ふり}な」 「[状況]{じょうきょう}に」\n> 「[置]{お}かれ」 [貧困]{ひんこん}に[陥]{おちい}る[可能性]{かのうせい}がある。』\n\nThe four words/phrases are already in the correct order.\n\n> 「フリーターは労働市場で極めて不利な状況に置かれ、貧困に陥る可能性がある。」\n>\n> \"Part-timers are put in an extremely disadvantageous situation in the labor\n> market, and they face a possibility of falling into poverty.\"\n\n(I used the term \"part-timers\" for 「フリーター」, but many of them actually work\nfull-time. It is just that they are not \"regular\" or \"permanent\" employees.)\n\n>\n> 2)『この[映画]{えいが}は、タイトルを見ると「その[実]{じつ}は」「コメディの」「ようで」「いかにも」[社会]{しゃかい}の[矛盾]{むじゅん}を[問]{と}うドキュメンタリーである。』\n\nmakes no sense at all. The sentence that makes sense would be:\n\n> 『この映画は、タイトルを見ると 「いかにも」「コメディの」「ようで」、「その実は」 社会の矛盾を問うドキュメンタリーである。』\n>\n> \"As for this movie, upon looking at its title, it indeed looks to be a\n> comedy, but in reality, it is a documentary that inquires about social\n> contradictions.\"\n\n「いかにも」 means \"indeed typically ~~\", \"surely representative of ~~\", etc.\n\n「その[実]{じつ}」 means \"the reality of it\", \"the fact of the matter\", etc. Used\nwhen something is different from its appearance.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-10T19:08:31.453",
"id": "30334",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T09:29:04.300",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30333",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 30333 | 30334 | 30334 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Japanese language have a special group of words which repeat mostly two\nsyllable word like pera pera, para para, jito jito, suku suku, aka aka, zuki\nzuki – you can name it, that are used adverbially.\n\nThey look like onomatopoeias, but they are not. They don’t reflect any sound,\nand they are all used adverbially, not as interjection.\n\nI am curious to know what is a grammatical terminology in both Japanese and\nEnglish to call such a group of words. Would you please teach me?",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-10T22:25:01.607",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30335",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-10T17:56:37.480",
"last_edit_date": "2019-02-10T17:56:37.480",
"last_editor_user_id": "30039",
"owner_user_id": "12056",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"words",
"terminology"
],
"title": "What is a grammatical terminology to describe the group of the refrain of two syllable words like pera-pera, don-don, iki-iki?",
"view_count": 289
} | [
{
"body": "擬声語{ぎせいご}・擬音語{ぎおんご} and 擬態語{ぎたいご}・擬情語{ぎじょうご} \nIn general: Onomatopoeia (Ideophone). \nSpecifically, in order, words that mimic: voices, sounds, states, and\nfeelings.\n\n[See the wiki\narticle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_sound_symbolism).",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-10T22:48:47.520",
"id": "30336",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-10T22:48:47.520",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "6841",
"parent_id": "30335",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
},
{
"body": "So-called 擬{ぎ}態{たい}語{ご} like ギラギラ, クルクル are often referred to in English as\n**_mimetic words_** , _mimesis_ , or _mimetics_. These identifiers seem to be\nmore popular than _ideophones_ on this site. See the search results:\n\"[mimetic](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/search?q=mimetic)\" vs\n\"[ideophone](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/search?q=ideophone)\".\n\nStrictly speaking, these words have a broader sense, and seem to include\nonomatopoeic words like ニャア, ピーポー. [The Wikipedia\narticle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_sound_symbolism) seems to be\nwritten from this standpoint.\n\nBut practically, they seem to be used as the opposing terms to onomatopoeia.\nYou can easily find articles titled \"Japanese onomatopoeia and mimetic words\"\nand so on. So I think we can safely assume that when we see _mimetics_ in\nJapanese language contexts, it mainly refers to 擬態語 which are not mimic\nsounds/voices.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-06-04T17:52:23.343",
"id": "34654",
"last_activity_date": "2016-06-05T08:59:55.100",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.207",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "30335",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
]
| 30335 | null | 30336 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30338",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "One of my books notes that the Muromachi and Ashikaga Periods, 室町時代 and 足利時代\nrespectively, can be used to name the same period of time (1333-1568), but I'm\nlost on what the difference is and when I should use which.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-10T23:50:00.347",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30337",
"last_activity_date": "2016-02-04T14:16:27.020",
"last_edit_date": "2016-02-04T14:16:27.020",
"last_editor_user_id": "11849",
"owner_user_id": "12154",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"history",
"synonyms"
],
"title": "Difference between Muromachi and Ashikaga",
"view_count": 161
} | [
{
"body": "「[足利時代]{あしかがじだい}」 is just another name for 「[室町]{むろまち}時代」; There is no\ndifference in what the two terms refer to. The former name exists because it\nwas the 足利 family who were in control during that period (1336 - 1573). The\nlatter is the usual name we learn in school in Japan.\n\nIt is like calling 「[江戸]{えど}時代」 as 「[徳川]{とくがわ}時代」; The former is more common.\n\nOne just sounds more \"neutral\" referring to a period without using a family\nname.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T00:43:26.887",
"id": "30338",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T00:43:26.887",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30337",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 30337 | 30338 | 30338 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Can someone please explain to me the differences between the following\ninterrogative type words?\n\n 1. いくらか/いくつか\n\n 2. いくらも/いくつも\n\n 3. いくらでも/いくつでも\n\n 4. いくら/いくつ/どのくらい (in questions)\n\nFor example I know that いくらか and いくつか both seem to mean \"some...\" or\n\"several...\" but are they used in slightly different situations or are they\ninterchangeable? etc. etc.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T05:53:15.657",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30340",
"last_activity_date": "2016-03-13T07:08:38.900",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12084",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words",
"meaning",
"nuances"
],
"title": "Differences in meanings of interrogative words",
"view_count": 1512
} | [
{
"body": "\"いくら\" means \"how much\", while \"いくつ\" means \"how many\". This is the main\ndifference between the two words. \"どのくらい\" means \"(about) how much\" and is very\nclose in meaning to \"いくら\".\n\nThe \"か\" particle on \"いくら\" and \"いくつ\" give them both the meaning \"some\". This,\nof course carries the meaning of some specific number of discrete things, for\n\"いくつか\" and a more analog amount for \"いくらか\".\n\nFrom\n[goo辞書](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/10685/meaning/m0u/%E3%81%84%E3%81%8F%E3%82%89%E3%81%8B/)\n\n> いくら‐ **か** 【幾ら **か** 】\n>\n> **1** ［名］あまり多くない数量。いくぶんか。少し。「収入の―を貯金する」\n>\n> **2** ［副］数量・程度があまり多くないさま。多少。「きのうより―気分がよくなった」\n\nThe \"も\" particle on \"いくら\" and \"いくつ\" give them the meaning of \"a lot\".\n\nFrom [goo辞書](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/10688/meaning/m0u/)\n\n> いくら‐ **も** 【幾ら **も** 】\n>\n> ［副］\n>\n> **１** 相当多い程度。たくさん。「そんな話なら―ある」\n>\n> **２** （打消しの語を伴って）それほど多くない程度。ほとんど。「在庫はもう―ない」\n\nAppending \"でも\" gives the meaning \"no matter how much\", \"a lot\" or \"plenty\".\n\nFrom\n[goo辞書](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/je/2973/meaning/m0u/%E5%B9%BE%E3%82%89%E3%81%A7%E3%82%82/)\n\n> いくら **でも** 【幾ら **でも** 】\n>\n> **1** 〔制限なく〕\n>\n> ⇒ _as much as [he] likes_\n>\n> **2** 〔わずかでも〕\n>\n> ⇒ _no matter how small_",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T07:40:35.333",
"id": "30345",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T07:46:04.353",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-11T07:46:04.353",
"last_editor_user_id": "11830",
"owner_user_id": "11830",
"parent_id": "30340",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "I doubt いくらか/いくつか, いくらも/いくつも いくらでも/いくつでも should be called\n[\"interrogatives.\"](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interrogative) They don't\nmake a interrogative sentence by themselves. いくらか = \"some (uncountable)\", いくつか\n= \"a few (countable)\", いくらでも \"no matter how many/much\n(countable/uncountable)\", いくつでも \"no matter how many (countable)\"\n\nいくらも is slightly uncommon. I think it's mostly used together with ない\nespecially in literature, as in\n\n> いくらも残ってない \n> [we] don't have much left\n\nOn the other hand いくつも is very common, = \"a lot of\"\n\n> [いくつものドアをノックした](http://j-lyric.net/artist/a001c0c/l006a58.html)\n\nいくら _is_ an interrogative. It can either mean \"how many\" or \"how much is the\nprice\", but I think it increasingly means only the latter nowadays.\n\n> このサバいくら？ \n> How much is this [slice of] mackerel?\n\nOn the other hand いくつ and Chinese-originated 何個(nanko) is taking the place as\nan interrogative for number of items.\n\n> いくつ/何個 必要ですか？ \n> How many do you need?\n\nThe notable usage of いくつ (not 何個) is asking the age of a person:\n\n> 失礼ですが、お幾つですか？ \n> Forgive my rudeness [if you don't mind me asking], how old are you?\n\nどのくらい is also an interrogative to ask \"to what extent\" \"to what degree\" or\n\"how intense.\" It's very versatile.\n\n> このお肉、どのくらい焼けばいいですか？ \n> How long should I grill this piece of meat?\n>\n> あれからもうどのくらい経っただろうか \n> How much time has passed since then\n\nIt can even mean \"how much\":\n\n> この壁にはどのくらいのペンキがいるかな？ \n> How much of paint do we need for [covering] the wall?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-03-12T09:24:08.943",
"id": "32847",
"last_activity_date": "2016-03-13T07:08:38.900",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "13840",
"parent_id": "30340",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
]
| 30340 | null | 32847 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30344",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "If I use the plain past tense of a verb before とき, do I have to use the plain\npast tense in the sentence that comes after it, or is it okay to use the\npolite past tense? For example, I'm trying to say, \"When I went to Japan, I\ndid not ride the shinkansen.\"\n\n```\n\n 日本に行ったとき、新幹線に乗らなかった。\n \n```\n\nvs.\n\n```\n\n 日本に行ったとき、新幹線に乗りませんでした。\n \n```\n\nAre they both correct? If so, which one is preferred? There's an example on\n[this page](http://www.learn-japanese-adventure.com/toki-in-japanese.html)\nthat uses the polite past in the sentence that comes after とき.\n\n```\n\n 日本へ行ったとき、カメラを買いました。\n \n```",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T06:28:25.373",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30341",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-13T06:02:26.660",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-11T06:41:23.303",
"last_editor_user_id": "1346",
"owner_user_id": "1346",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"time",
"past"
],
"title": "plain + とき + plain or polite?",
"view_count": 131
} | [
{
"body": "They're both correct, it just depends on the context in which the sentence\nappears.\n\nFor example, if it were in a speech you would most likely say:\n\n日本に行った時、新幹線に乗りませんでした。\n\nHowever, perhaps in casual conversation with a friend you'd be more inclined\nto say:\n\n日本に行った時、新幹線に乗らなかった。\n\nHope that helps!",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T07:04:14.157",
"id": "30344",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-13T06:02:26.660",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-13T06:02:26.660",
"last_editor_user_id": "12084",
"owner_user_id": "12084",
"parent_id": "30341",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 30341 | 30344 | 30344 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "I'm confused 'domo' literally means 'very' so I can't understand why they use\nit as a way of greeting",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T07:44:05.217",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30346",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-13T01:06:21.010",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"definitions",
"greetings"
],
"title": "Why is domo used also to say hello?",
"view_count": 11916
} | [
{
"body": "Referencing the top answer [here](http://oshiete.goo.ne.jp/qa/8362569.html):\n\nIt seems that its use as a greeting is not exactly \"standard Japanese,\" but\nrather a relatively new usage popularized by a free-lance announcer by the\nname of Keizou Takahashi after the second world war.\n\nHowever, you seem to misunderstand the meaning of 「どうも」 overall.\n\nLoosely translating [the dictionary\nentry](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/156970/meaning/m0u/) linked in the\ncomment, we have:\n\n 1. No matter what you try, 〜 (something is not satisfied)\n\n> 何度やっても **どうも** うまくいかない。\n>\n> No matter how many times I try, it won't go the way I want it to.\n\n 2. Not sure why, but 〜\n\n> **どうも** 調子がおかしい。\n>\n> **I'm not sure why, but** something is wrong.\n\n 3. A way of intensifing one's gratitude or apology.\n\n> **どうも** ありがとうございます。 Thank you **very much**.\n\n 4. As a of casually greeting or thanking someone.\n\n> どうも。\n\n\"very\" is not included among the listed meanings. For that, you might be\nbetter off using 「とても.」\n\nNote:\n\nTake my translations with a grain of salt. I am not a native speaker, but I\nhope the sentences and their translations can at least help you grasp the\nnuance of どうも a little better.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T20:13:56.153",
"id": "30362",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-13T01:06:21.010",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "9838",
"parent_id": "30346",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "The modern day use of どうも as a greetings stems from the Edo period phrase\nどうも言えぬ, lit. \"unable to speak in spite of oneself\", used positively much like\nthe way we use the English word \"awesome\" today. The どうも here was taken from\nthe phrase and was used like すごく or 大変 (which would be translated as \"very\" or\n\"quite).\n\n> どうもお久しぶりでございます\n>\n> どうもありがとうございます\n>\n> どうもすみません\n>\n> どうもお世話になっています／なりました\n\nどうも alone as a greeting is actually a shortening of the above sentences. One\nof the strong points of this is that this one \"greeting\" can have many\nimplications and is so flexible. Of course, some people find it rude and would\nprefer that the full sentence is used.\n\n[Here's a link about the etymology of\nどうも](http://bizmakoto.jp/makoto/articles/1303/28/news006.html)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T22:25:07.313",
"id": "30364",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T22:25:07.313",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9508",
"parent_id": "30346",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "I'll give you tl;dr for this question.\n\nDuring edo period, \"domo\" was used to express the feeling of confusion or\nunsureness about the person who he/she is talking to.\n\n\"Domo nani mo ienu\" is an old way saying \"I am very unsure about what to say\nto you\" or \"I am very unsure who you are\".\n\nIn 1950s, the usage of domo was considered insincere.\n\nIn 1960s, Keizo Takahashi spread the usage of domo on TV.\n\nIn 1970s and 1980s, Sanma Akashiya and Mari Yoshimura changed the word from\nexpressing unsureness to greet someone in a friendlier way.\n\nHappy Japanesing",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-12T01:46:13.687",
"id": "30370",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-12T01:52:36.820",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-12T01:52:36.820",
"last_editor_user_id": "12186",
"owner_user_id": "12186",
"parent_id": "30346",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 30346 | null | 30364 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30352",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Is _domo arigato_ considered formal?\n\nContext: Buying something at a store, thanking a waiter, etc",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T13:32:00.040",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30350",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T15:54:03.263",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-11T14:02:08.310",
"last_editor_user_id": "11104",
"owner_user_id": "12180",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"words",
"word-requests",
"formality"
],
"title": "Is *domo arigato* considered formal?",
"view_count": 1089
} | [
{
"body": "ありがとう、どうもありがとう、ありがとうございます、どうもありがとうございます is polite in order of increasing. I\nthink ありがとう、どうもありがとう is usually used in this context but it is better to use\nありがとうございます and どうもありがとうございます for important person like your master.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T15:45:43.820",
"id": "30352",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T15:45:43.820",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "30350",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "It is considered somewhat formal, but you actually don't thank someone for\ntheir service to you. It's more or less a cultural thing, in which the person\nworking is expected to perform their job with or without praise. As a result,\nit can be a little confusing when you thank someone in the service industry\nfor doing their job. It's not like you telling them that makes too big a\ndifference in their lives, nor does it truly motivate them to keep doing the\njob they're already being compensated for. The paycheck is their thanks, not\nyour saying so. The only times in which you would use some variation of\n\"arigatou\" is when someone OUTSIDE the service industry performs a task for\nyou or if you receive a favor or a gift from another party. For example, I\nthank people on HiNative for providing me with clear answers or detailed\nexplanations of words or sentences I cannot make sense of on my own. There are\nlikely other cases, but these are the few that come to mind at the moment.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T15:54:03.263",
"id": "30354",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T15:54:03.263",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12154",
"parent_id": "30350",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 30350 | 30352 | 30352 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30373",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I recently read a helpful answer on a question asking for clarification on the\nways to say \"if\" in Japanese: と, たら, なら, ば. The link is here: [Differences\namong -たら、なら、-んだったら、-えば,\netc](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/393/differences-\namong-%E3%81%9F%E3%82%89-%E3%81%AA%E3%82%89-%E3%82%93%E3%81%A0%E3%81%A3%E3%81%9F%E3%82%89-%E3%81%88%E3%81%B0-etc)\n\nAccording to the post, ば has the following rule: the later clause must be non-\nvolitional unless a state verb like ある is used or the subjects of both clauses\nare different. なら is used when saying \"Since A, then B\" - A is an assumed\ncontext and B is a conclusion from A. This is supported by Tae Kim's lesson on\nconditionals: <http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/grammar/conditionals>\n\nHowever, when encountering another website's take on なら and ば, I was surprised\nthey grouped the two together, such that the rule on ば above applied to なら as\nwell. <http://www.learn-japanese-adventure.com/japanese-conditional-form-ba-\nnara.html>\n\nThe only difference they seem to have stated was that ば is for verbs and\ni-adjectives, whereas なら is for na-adjectives and nouns. However, negative\nforms of verbs, i-adjectives, na-adjectives and nouns have ば (なければ).\n\n 1. In that website, why did they state that なら followed the rules of ば?\n 2. Why did they teach the V/i-adj and na-adj/N distinction between なら and ば?\n\nIs there a way to resolve these conflicts?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T15:33:56.360",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30351",
"last_activity_date": "2018-07-02T23:17:26.257",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:43.857",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "11849",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 12,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"conditionals"
],
"title": "Conflict among teachings of なら and ば",
"view_count": 768
} | [
{
"body": "The way I've always known it is that なら means something along the lines of \"if\ngiven...\" and ば can be used to express any conditional statement in the\npresent tense, which you have already found with the Tae Kim Guide. My use of\nHiNative has also backed this up several times over as native Japanese\nspeakers have sided with and confirmed this meaning and usage for both of\nthem. As for why this site groups them together, I do not have a clear answer,\nbut I believe it to be because ば can be related to なら in some ways, but at the\nsame time, they have their clear distinctions, as stated above.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T15:48:33.177",
"id": "30353",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T15:48:33.177",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12154",
"parent_id": "30351",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "In some sense, you can say なら is a subtype of ば. なら is ならば in its full form,\nand although this word makes no sense in modern Japanese, it _did_ in olden\ntimes. Classical ならば is but a regular inflection of なり + ば, which rightly\ncorresponds to today's であれば (である + ば).\n\nSo we can see that なら（ば） and ば don't really have differences in their meaning\nas conditionals, and what sets them apart is actually the である part.\n\n```\n\n + なら + ば\n Verb 書くなら 書けば\n I-adj 重いなら 重ければ\n NA-adj 簡単なら 簡単であれば\n Noun 彼なら 彼であれば\n \n```\n\nWhile verbs and i-adjectives can directly attach ば in their end, nouns and na-\nadjectives can't inflect by themselves, so they have to be aided by copula\nだ/である (~ \"to be\"). But the result is であれば, which has the exactly same meaning\nwith なら! Therefore, we don't bother to use ば with those words for most of the\ntime.\n\nOnly (the most of) verbs have actual difference between なら and ば. The reason\nis, verbs are events bound by the time, that is, `A すれば B` is only usable when\nA precedes B. なら, however, can lift this restriction by quietly nominalizing\nthe verb (書くなら = 書く **の** であれば). With this, you're able to frame a phrase like\n乗るなら飲むな, obviously \"drive\" comes after \"drink\". It also applies to\ni-adjectives, but since adjectives are states that don't have time limit, the\nmeaning doesn't change very much.\n\nBut yet! なら and ば _could_ make a large difference even with i-adjectives,\nbecause of diabolical argument-omitting of Japanese. When ば directly follows a\nverb or i-adjective, nothing happens. But なら can make a small seam that\nenables a hidden subject (or other) to intervene, during the nominalization of\nclause. That is:\n\n> かわいければいいよ。 \n> _As long as (she) is cute, I don't care._\n>\n> かわいいならいいよ。 \n> [Same as above] or _As long as (you think) that (she) is cute, I don't\n> care._",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-12T08:24:55.637",
"id": "30373",
"last_activity_date": "2018-07-02T23:17:26.257",
"last_edit_date": "2018-07-02T23:17:26.257",
"last_editor_user_id": "7810",
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "30351",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 20
}
]
| 30351 | 30373 | 30373 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "「ある」と「ない」はどんな品詞名か教えてください。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T17:00:42.723",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30356",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T21:35:15.997",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-11T21:35:15.997",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12182",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"parts-of-speech"
],
"title": "「ある」と「ない」は動詞か形容詞か…",
"view_count": 30183
} | [
{
"body": "「お金がある。」というときの「ある」は、動詞です。([辞書](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/7643/meaning/m0u/%E3%81%82%E3%82%8B/)) \n(「置いてある」「吾輩は猫である」というときの「ある」は、補助動詞です。 \n「昔々あるところに・・・」というときの「ある」は、連体詞です。) \n「お金がない。」「おもしろくない。」というときの「ない」は、形容詞です。([辞書](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/162263/meaning/m0u/)) \n「食べない」というときの「ない」は、助動詞です。([辞書](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/162271/meaning/m0u/))",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T17:16:28.803",
"id": "30358",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T17:28:29.920",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-11T17:28:29.920",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "30356",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "ある is a verb and an adnominal adjective.\n\nない is adjective and verbal auxiliary. ない as adjective means \" non-existent\"\nlike テレビがない. ない as verbal auxiliary is set at the end of 未然形 of a verb and\nmeans \"negative\" like たべない.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T17:35:24.437",
"id": "30359",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T17:49:09.350",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-11T17:49:09.350",
"last_editor_user_id": "7320",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "30356",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "「～がある」という時の「ある」は、普通の **動詞** です。ところが、これを否定して「～がない」という時、この「ない」は **形容詞** です。\n\n本来、動詞の否定は「書かない」「見ない」「来ない」のように、動詞の後ろに自立しない **助動詞**\nである「ない」をくっつけて作るものなので、「ある」の否定は「× あらない」となるはずなのですが、この形は標準日本語にはありません。日本語では、「×\nあらない」の意味を表すのに形容詞の「ない」を借りてきて使います。\n\nこれは **補充形** ([suppletive](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suppletion)) といい、英語が\n\"go\" の過去形に \"*go-ed\" などではなく、もともと \"wend\" の過去形だった \"went\" を借りて使っているのと同じです。\n\n* * *\n\nちなみに、「書かない」の「ない1」と「～がない」の「ない2」が同じ形なのは偶然で、本当は別の単語です。西日本の方言では「書かへん」とか「書かん」のように全く別の形になります。「書かない」も「ない2」とほとんど同じ活用をしますが、少し違いがあるので今のところ形容詞ではなく\n**動詞の否定形** （動詞 +\nほぼ形容詞変化の助動詞）とされています。しかし東京の言葉ではどんどん使い方が形容詞に近づいている（書きませんでした→書かなかったです）ので、将来は形容詞になる日が来るかもしれません。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T18:41:05.650",
"id": "30360",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T18:41:05.650",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "30356",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
]
| 30356 | null | 30360 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30363",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 詩の生命は暗示にして単なる事象の説明には非ず。\n> **かの筆にも言語にも言ひ尽し難き情趣の限なき振動のうちに幽かなる心霊の欷歔をたづね、縹渺たる音楽の愉楽に憧がれて自己観想の悲哀に誇る、これわが象徴の本旨に非ずや**\n> 。されば我らは神秘を尚び... [full](http://www.nextftp.com/y_misa/kita/kita_j01.html)\n\nIs it (syntax-wise) correct to\ntake（かの筆にも言語にも言ひ尽し難き情趣の限なき振動のうちに幽かなる心霊の欷歔をたづね、縹渺たる音楽の愉楽に憧がれて自己観想の悲哀に誇る）as a\nclause that describes これ, and the whole sentence (in 口語) as something like\n～るこれは わが象徴の本旨ではないよ。? I can't make sense of it, because taking it this way\ncontradicts the idea in the previous sentence (or seems to me this way).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T17:15:55.807",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30357",
"last_activity_date": "2021-11-23T18:09:28.897",
"last_edit_date": "2021-11-23T18:09:28.897",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "12127",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"syntax",
"classical-japanese"
],
"title": "かの筆にも言語にも言ひ尽し難き情趣の限なき振動のうちに幽かなる心霊の欷歔をたづね、縹渺たる音楽の愉楽に憧がれて自己観想の悲哀に誇る",
"view_count": 160
} | [
{
"body": "Yes, これ refers to\nかの筆にも言語にも言ひ尽し難き情趣の限なき振動のうちに幽かなる心霊の欷歔をたづね、縹渺たる音楽の愉楽に憧がれて自己観想の悲哀に誇る. Note that\nかの…誇る does not modify これ, but かの…誇る and これ are in apposition.\n\nWhat you got incorrectly is …に非ずや. や signifies a question, including a\nrhetorical question, which is the case here. So …に非ずや literally means …ではないか\nbut it actually means …である.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T21:04:02.107",
"id": "30363",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T21:04:02.107",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "15",
"parent_id": "30357",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 30357 | 30363 | 30363 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30366",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm trying to say, \"I went to Oarai Town in Ibaraki Prefecture last year.\"\n\n> 昨年に大洗町茨城県に行きました。\n\nIs there supposed to be a comma or particle (perhaps で) between the city and\nprefecture? Please let me know if there is a better way to write this\nsentence.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T23:05:08.853",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30365",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T23:17:49.130",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-11T23:17:49.130",
"last_editor_user_id": "11104",
"owner_user_id": "1346",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"word-order"
],
"title": "Particle between city and prefecture?",
"view_count": 403
} | [
{
"body": "I can't comment yet on the site (reputation) but the Japanese addressing\nsystem goes from largest to smallest. I would change the order and use の but\nI'll defer to anyone else with more experience.\n\n> 昨年に茨城県の大洗町に行きました。",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-11T23:09:00.543",
"id": "30366",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-11T23:12:18.623",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-11T23:12:18.623",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "11984",
"parent_id": "30365",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
]
| 30365 | 30366 | 30366 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "this is my first question on this site and i going to use romaji because i\ndidnt configured my keyboard. So... i use a book that dont have answers-key,\nthen i dont have sure if i doing right.\n\n> [ですから]{Desukara}、[鈴木]{Suzuki}さん{san} [は]{wa} [６]{roku}[時]{ji}[半]{han}\n> **[に]{ni}** [起]{o}[きます]{kimasu}。\n>\n> [会社]{kaisha} **[へ]{e}** [７]{shichi}[時]{ji}[１５]{juugo}[分]{hun} **[に]{ni}**\n> [行]{i}[きます]{kimasu}。\n\nThanks everyone.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-12T00:39:39.047",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30367",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-12T06:24:24.103",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"particles"
],
"title": "Question about/with particles",
"view_count": 100
} | [
{
"body": "All of the particles have been selected correctly.\n\n「(Person/Thing) + **は** ～～」: topic marker\n\n「(Specific Time) + **に** ～～」: time marker\n\n「(Place) + **へ** ～～」: direction marker",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-12T01:49:33.150",
"id": "30371",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-12T01:49:33.150",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30367",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 30367 | null | 30371 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30379",
"answer_count": 4,
"body": "I met a Japanese couple last night who didn't speak English but my Japanese is\nterrible. I plan to write them a brief email just to thank them for their\nhospitality.\n\nDoes お会いできる日を楽しみにしています mean \"It'd be nice to be able to meet you\"? If it won't\nbe the first meeting but that it'd just be good to meet the person again, is\n\"お会いできる日を楽しみにしています\" still appropriate?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-12T11:41:58.783",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30374",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T06:24:48.263",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-12T17:40:03.393",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "12193",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "\"お会いできる日を楽しみにしています\"",
"view_count": 1477
} | [
{
"body": "You translation is correct, and I believe the same phrase can be used in\neither situation. However, I was taught to use はじめまして when meeting someone for\nthe first time.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-12T16:23:57.043",
"id": "30376",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-12T16:23:57.043",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12154",
"parent_id": "30374",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "お会いできる日を楽しみにしています is indeed a very common expression with many variants, e.g.\nお会いするのを楽しみにしています, お会いしたい, etc.\n\nEven in English I would say something like \"It'd be nice to be able to meet\nyou _again_ \" for a second meeting. In fact, in the\n[BCCWJ](https://japanese.meta.stackexchange.com/a/1086/1628) (Japanese corpus)\nmore than 10% of the occurrences of お会い use また before it (as in またお会いしましょう or\nまたいつかお会いできるといいね etc.):\n\n```\n\n お会い 964 results\n また ... お会い 99 results\n \n```\n\nSo, in your situation I'd say that\n\n> またお会いできる日を楽しみにしています\n\nwould be spot on.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-12T19:23:00.073",
"id": "30379",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-12T19:23:00.073",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-16T15:48:25.793",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "30374",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "お会いできる日を楽しみにしています is the same with \"I'm looking forward to seeing you again,\"\nand is polite as well as appropriate as a closing of a letter.\n\nYou can also add 'また (again)' or 'また[近々]{ちかぢか}(soon again)' to\nお会いできる日を楽しみにしています so that you may convey your desire to meet the receiver\nkeenly.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-13T07:59:06.703",
"id": "30385",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T06:24:48.263",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-14T06:24:48.263",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "12056",
"parent_id": "30374",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "There is a special word for reuniting: 再会(さいかい）. I believe when using this\nword some significant amount of time should or will be anticipated to have\npassed in-between meetings. So, if you don't expect to see them in the\nimmediate future you could say: 「〇〇さんとの再会が待ち遠しいです」Where 〇〇さん is their name.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-13T19:45:17.073",
"id": "30390",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-13T21:21:47.673",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-13T21:21:47.673",
"last_editor_user_id": "12205",
"owner_user_id": "12205",
"parent_id": "30374",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 30374 | 30379 | 30379 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I know what the circle, triangle, and \"X\" notations mean, but this is a new\none to me entirely. Next to ◇ was the letter grade \"B\", but I'm not sure of\nthe relevance since I'm seeing the triangle notation next to the letter grade\n\"F\".\n\nAlso, if anyone knows, what would the name/reading for this symbol be? I would\nthink it'd be 四角, but I've been wrong about stuff like this before. f>~<')",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-12T13:29:44.390",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30375",
"last_activity_date": "2021-07-30T12:03:30.333",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12154",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"symbols"
],
"title": "What does ♢ mean on an assignment?",
"view_count": 1390
} | [
{
"body": "While the [circle mark](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O_mark) is commonly used\nin marking Japanese assignments, the [lozenge\nshape](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lozenge) doesn't have a standard usage.\nI've tried searching everywhere; I can't find a common meaning to the mark on\nhomework (or even a single instance of a diamond mark being used on homework,\nfor that matter)\n\nHere are a few possibilities:\n\n 1. The teacher or school has created his / her own specialised usage for it eg. to mean \"not bad\", \"needs more work\", etc.\n\n 2. The teacher simply uses it to mean \"good job\" because it is aesthetically pleasing (perhaps the teacher really likes diamond shapes or diamonds, because stars are more common, I think)\n\nIf this is your own worksheet we are talking about then perhaps the only way\nto know is to ask the marker.\n\nAs for the name, as choco has already pointed out above, it's called\n[菱{ひし}形{がた}](http://www.punipunijapan.com/shapes-in-japanese/):\n\n> ★ Diamond Shape, or Rhombus, in Japanese is 菱形 (ひしがた – hishigata).\n>\n> ★ Another word for Diamond Shape, or Rhombus, is 斜方形 (しゃほうけい – shahōkei)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-02-03T08:39:39.863",
"id": "30917",
"last_activity_date": "2016-02-03T08:39:39.863",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "11849",
"parent_id": "30375",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 30375 | null | 30917 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30383",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "When we make okonomiyaki, for example, the base ingredient is the mix of\ncabbage, dough and eggs. There are many okonomiyaki topping but the base\ningredient is the same.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/YhiuL.jpg)\n\nMy question is\n\n> What do Japanese call the base ingredients?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-12T17:46:05.373",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30377",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-13T03:41:03.660",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11192",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "What do we say the base ingredient in Japanese?",
"view_count": 761
} | [
{
"body": "「[基本食材]{きほんしょくざい}」 or 「基本[材料]{ざいりょう}」 would do regardless of the dish.\n\nThe word \"dai\" that you mentioned in the comment would be 「[台]{だい}」, which\nrefers to the crust part of okonomiyaki, pizza, etc. Since you included\n**_cabbage_** , however, I would not use 「台」 for an answer to your question.\n「台」 is just flour and water, basically.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-12T22:59:26.443",
"id": "30380",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-12T22:59:26.443",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30377",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "The \"dough\" part of okonomiyaki is called （お好み焼きの） **生地【きじ】**. 生地 basically\nrefers to the paste made by mixing flour and water. 生地 is also used for bread,\ndoughnuts, pizza, udon, spaghetti, etc.\n\n[According to\nWikipedia](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%81%8A%E5%A5%BD%E3%81%BF%E7%84%BC%E3%81%8D):\n\n> 水に溶いた小麦粉を **生地** として、野菜、肉、魚介類などを具材とし、鉄板の上で焼き上げ、ソース・マヨネーズ・青のり等の調味料をつけて食するもの\n\nStrictly speaking, 生地 only refers to the flour and water part. At least in\nTokyo, cabbage, ginger and eggs are _mixed_ with the flour (rather than being\ntopped) as the \"base ingredient\", but I think it's still safely called 生地 as a\nwhole ([see this\nrecipe](http://www.nisshin.com/entertainment/komugiko_club/meikan/05/03.html)).\n\nIn everyday conversations, **土台【どだい】** or **ベース** can also refer to the same\n\"base\" part of okonomiyaki. These words just mean \"base\".\n\nIf you're looking for a broader term which can be used for any dishes that can\nbe topped (ice cream, ramen, hot dogs, curry and rice...), the ベース (noun) or\nプレーン (na-adjective) would refer to the \"plain\" one.\n[プレーンなお好み焼き](http://portal.nifty.com/kiji/130604160812_1.htm) would mean\nokonomiyaki without any fillings.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-13T03:24:16.470",
"id": "30383",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-13T03:41:03.660",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-13T03:41:03.660",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "30377",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 30377 | 30383 | 30383 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I'm not sure if \"売らん\" is acting as a verb in the dajare, \"ウランは売らん。\". If it is,\nplease explain what conjugation or form of the verb that this is. If it isn't,\ncan you tell me where \"売らん\" comes from and what part of speech it is? Can all\nverbs be put into into this form and what are the peculiarities of their\nusage?\n\nAt first, I thought that \"売らん\" was only shorthand for \"売らない\", but I wasn't\nable to find any information about this on the internet or in any of my books.\nAfterwards, I tried to do this same kind of modification to another verb in\norder to see if this form is used with other verbs and \"売らん\" was not just a\nsingle exception. I found the verb \"言う\" used as \"言わん\" in many sentences on ALC\nbut it doesn't seem like it is being used directly as a verb by itself. Now,\nI'm very confused about just what \"売らん\", \"言わん\", and other verbs that seem to\nfit this pattern exactly mean and how they are used. After another bout of\nsearch attempts, I still was unable to find any external information about it.\nSincere thanks to anyone who can provide me with any information.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-12T18:09:19.090",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30378",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-12T18:09:19.090",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9866",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"usage",
"verbs"
],
"title": "What is the form of \"売らん\" in the sentence \"ウランは売らん。\"?",
"view_count": 93
} | []
| 30378 | null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30382",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "One of my Japanese friends wrote this sentence:\n\n> 私 **じゃ** 歌えない\n\nShe meant that she can't sing a particular song. Is じゃ used in that sentence\nthe same way が would be used to put an emphasis on the subject, or is there a\ndifferent meaning to it?\n\nAlso, how informal is this form?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-13T02:07:35.753",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30381",
"last_activity_date": "2021-10-30T03:36:21.150",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-14T12:24:51.727",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10083",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"particles"
],
"title": "When is \"私じゃ\" used?",
"view_count": 427
} | [
{
"body": "> 「[私]{わたし} **じゃ** [歌]{うた}えない。」\n\n＝\n\n> 「私 **では** 歌えない。」\n\n「じゃ」 is the colloquial contraction of 「では」. More importantly, this 「では/じゃ」\nplaced directly after the subject of a sentence is quite _**nuanced**_.\nTherefore, the plain and neutral 「は」 cannot replace it for the nuance.\n\nIt means that the subject (「私」 in this case) is _**not good enough to do\nsomething for some reason**_.\n\n**\" I could not sing (this song), (but some other people probably could)\"**\n\n**\" I am not good enough to sing (this particular song).\"**\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/N6xLC.jpg) \n(source: [smilevideo.jp](http://tn-skr1.smilevideo.jp/smile?i=24855504.L))\n\n「[僕]{ぼく}じゃダメですか？」 = \"Am I not good enough for you?\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-13T02:34:11.063",
"id": "30382",
"last_activity_date": "2021-10-30T03:36:21.150",
"last_edit_date": "2021-10-30T03:36:21.150",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30381",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 10
}
]
| 30381 | 30382 | 30382 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I heard the word もう (meaning \"already, not anymore\") pronounced as むう in this\nsong: <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3R3uMTMHgPc> at about 1:18, and yet it\nis transcribed as \"mou\". Is it a pronunciation mistake or a dialectal\npronunciation? Did the person mistranscribe what is said, or did I simply\nmishear the word? Thanks very much for your answers.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-13T13:53:39.430",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30386",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T08:57:08.177",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12201",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"pronunciation"
],
"title": "Can the word もう be pronounced むう?",
"view_count": 191
} | [
{
"body": "The word actually sounds closer to むう to my ears, and it should definitely be\npronounced as モー. I don't think dialects are relevant. In [this original\nvideo](http://www.nicovideo.jp/watch/sm5992615), I can see at least one\ncomment pointing out that part sounds weird.\n\nThat said, I don't like to call it a pronunciation (or \"input\") mistake --\nalthough this song is known as one of the most natural, [well-\"trained\"\nVocaloid songs by Luka Megurine](http://dic.nicovideo.jp/a/rip%3Drelease), her\nvoice is synthesized after all, and her pronunciation is far from perfect. I\ndon't recommend you learn something about pronunciation from Vocaloid songs.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-13T14:19:43.570",
"id": "30389",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T08:57:08.177",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-14T08:57:08.177",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "30386",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 30386 | null | 30389 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30393",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> デメテルに続いて言葉を連ねる女神たち **に** 、ヘスティアは微妙な顔付きをした。\n\nvs\n\n> デメテルに続いて言葉を連ねる女神たち **に対して** 、ヘスティアは微妙な顔付きをした。\n\nWhat is the difference between these two sentences? In what cases can you use\nに to replace に対して?\n\nThanks!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-13T14:06:51.627",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30387",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T05:35:06.390",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-13T15:19:27.273",
"last_editor_user_id": "10316",
"owner_user_id": "10316",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Is there a difference between に and に対して?",
"view_count": 405
} | [
{
"body": "While the two sentences mean practically the same thing, there exists a\n(subtle) difference in nuance between the two.\n\n> 「Noun/Pronoun + **に[対]{たい}して** + Verb/Adjective Phrase」\n\nwould express at least a somewhat higher degree of intention or purpose behind\nthe action/state being described and/or more active involvement by the person\nthan the following phrase does:\n\n> 「Noun/Pronoun + **に** + Verb/Adjective Phrase」\n\nI might add that the difference explained above is often very subtle. Thus, if\nyou really wanted to express a higher (or lower) magnitude of your intention\nor involvement, you should probably do so by adding words to the\nVerb/Adjective Phrase such as 「とても」, 「[非常]{ひじょう}に」, 「[本当]{ほんとう}に」, etc. along\nwith 「～～に対して」.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T01:11:41.493",
"id": "30393",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T05:35:06.390",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-14T05:35:06.390",
"last_editor_user_id": "7810",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30387",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 30387 | 30393 | 30393 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "A Japanese-addict friend of mine recently told me that a possible translation\nfor \"you're welcome\" in Japanese was \"mū\", but I must admit I was a bit\ndubious about that since I had never seen it nor heard it. I looked it up and\nfound no entries about it anywhere.\n\nIs it a mistake?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-13T14:08:14.173",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30388",
"last_activity_date": "2016-02-11T09:51:43.817",
"last_edit_date": "2016-02-11T09:51:43.817",
"last_editor_user_id": "11849",
"owner_user_id": "12201",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"words"
],
"title": "Can the translation for \"you're welcome\" be \"mū\"?",
"view_count": 224
} | [
{
"body": "Definitely a mistake. The only time I hear of むー is in comics where it's the\nsound effect for thinking (I think you use hmmm in English). So, my theory is\nthis person heard a conversation like...\n\nAkimori: I did your laundry for you.\n\nYamada: Hmmm...but I thought I asked Ken to do it.\n\nAnd might have thought むー was \"you're welcome\" when it was just the person\nthinking about something, haha.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-13T20:35:05.417",
"id": "30391",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-13T20:35:05.417",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12000",
"parent_id": "30388",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "It is possible if the individual/character answering is: male(most likely),\nstoic, non-talkative, old-fashion (think samurai-stereotype of old) answering\na 'thank you' from someone. (Most novels I read with characters answering like\nthis would fit this description).\n\nMight be more of a うむ～ but it could be むー depending on the writer or\ncharacter.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T02:10:34.210",
"id": "30394",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T05:39:34.800",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-14T05:39:34.800",
"last_editor_user_id": "7810",
"owner_user_id": "12206",
"parent_id": "30388",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 30388 | null | 30391 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "If I were to write \"二〇一五年間の時に\" for \"during the year of 2015\", would the \"の時\"\nbe redundant and/or grammatically incorrect due to the fact that the \"間\" in\n\"年間\" already implies the meaning of \"during this time period\"?\n\nIf so, would \"二〇一五年間に\" or \"二〇一五年の時に\" perhaps be more valid alternatives?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T05:10:03.783",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30395",
"last_activity_date": "2021-11-23T18:06:59.950",
"last_edit_date": "2021-11-23T18:06:59.950",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "12209",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"time"
],
"title": "The Use of \"の時” in 二〇一五年間の時に",
"view_count": 309
} | [
{
"body": "As you said 二〇一五年間の時に is unnatural. If you say \"during the year of 2015\", you\nsay 二〇一五年に,二〇一五年の時に in Japanese but 二〇一五年間に is unnatural because 二〇一五年間 means\n\"for two thousand and fifteen years\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T07:10:32.793",
"id": "30399",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-15T02:26:01.913",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-15T02:26:01.913",
"last_editor_user_id": "7320",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "30395",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "Keep in mind that the kanji 間 will drastically change the meaning.\n\n * 2015年に: \"in (the year) 2015\"\n * 2015年間に: \"during the 2015 years\"\n * 2015年の時に: would mean \"during the time of (the year) 2015\", but redundant and uncommon\n * 2015年間の時に: would mean \"during the time of 2015 years\", but redundant and uncommon\n\nThe latter two may appear in poems and lyrics, but in general, you should\nstick to the first two expressions when you write something.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T17:56:13.467",
"id": "30411",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T17:56:13.467",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "30395",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 30395 | null | 30399 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have encountered this word a few times whether in games or just spoken in\ndrama/anime. In the game, it just written as しょせい without any kanji while\nbeing placed at the beginning of the sentence. I have tried searched every\npossible kanji but doesn't seems to fit in the context. I don't have the full\nsentence right now but, from my understanding from the context, the meaning\nshould be near to \"anyway, anyhow\" Anyone have info on this word please do\nenlighten me. Thanks :)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T05:22:41.143",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30396",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T20:54:33.887",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12210",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Whats the meaning of しょせい",
"view_count": 176
} | [
{
"body": "There are two words that read しょせい in 平仮名 and differently in 漢字.\n\nOne is 書生, which means (university or college) students, some of whom served\nas a servant in dignitaries’ houses on the condition that school tuition,\nminimum living expenses, and petty cash are born by his master. There were\nmany 書生 in pre-World War Japan, and they are featured quite often in novels\nand dramas. It wasn't uncommon that a dignitary keeps two to three 書生 on top\nof several house-maids in his house. But this system is extinct. I think there\nare no longer 書生 in this country, and the word is now almost obsolete.\n\nThe other is 処世, of which verbatim translation is 'to deal with the world,'\nmeaning the way to live wisely and successfully.\n\nI reckon it’s unlikely that two of the above words — one being now almost\nobsolete and the other a kind of big word — are used in games and アニメ.\n\nI suspect therefore, you took しょせい for しょせん〈所詮), which means \"after all\" or\n\"anyway\" as fefe suggested.\n\nしょせん〈所詮〉can be used in such a way, for examples;\n\n> 所詮、それは私には無理な話だ \n> Anyway, it’s an impossible story (offer, proposition) for me.\n>\n> 所詮、私のような無学な者には分からない \n> After all, it’s difficult for an uneducated man like me to understand.\n>\n> 所詮、そんなものだろうよ \n> After all, it’ll be something like that.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T09:07:40.357",
"id": "30401",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T20:54:33.887",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "12056",
"parent_id": "30396",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 30396 | null | 30401 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30398",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Example sentences:\n\n 1. 外の方が家の中より暖かそうです。 \n 2. たいふうは西の方に去った。\n\nty!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T06:28:29.577",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30397",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T12:20:08.783",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-14T12:20:08.783",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12212",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"readings"
],
"title": "Is 方 read かた or ほう here?",
"view_count": 4449
} | [
{
"body": "In both cases, it is read as ホウ ([the\non'yomi](http://kakijun.jp/page/0458200.html)).\n\nOne simple and helpful thing to realize is that the ほう reading means\n\"direction\" but the かた reading refers to either a person or way of doing\nsomething.\n\nIf you think about it, the first sentence is\n\n> 外の方が家の中より暖かそうです。\n\n\"It seems warmer outside than inside the house.\"\n\n> たいふうは西の方に去った。\n\n\"The typhoon went to the West\"\n\nBoth are directional.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T06:57:33.417",
"id": "30398",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T06:57:33.417",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4091",
"parent_id": "30397",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 30397 | 30398 | 30398 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30402",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "More information about ordinal dates\n[here](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601#Ordinal_dates).\n\nSay I have the ordinal date 2016-162 (the 162nd day of the year 2016, which\nwould be Friday, June 10, 2016). Could I write it like this in Japanese:\n\n> ２０１６年１６２日目\n\nAlso, say I wanted to refer to the date in the same way in a sentence. Would\nsomething like this:\n\n> ２０１６年は１６２日目です。\n>\n> (As for the year 2016, it’s the 162nd day.)\n\nbe valid?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T08:02:09.900",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30400",
"last_activity_date": "2016-02-07T08:37:22.610",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "4790",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"counters",
"numbers"
],
"title": "Counter for ordinal dates?",
"view_count": 222
} | [
{
"body": "> 2016年162日目\n\nYou can write in this way **only if** you can be sure that the reader is ready\nto see ordinal dates. For example, it's probably safe to write like this when\nyou have already explained ordinal dates in your scientific article about\ncalendar.\n\nHowever, most Japanese people are not familiar with ordinal dates, so when you\nwant to make yourself understood to laypeople, you have to say more verbosely:\n\n> * 2016年の中の162日目\n> * 2016年1月1日から数えて162日目\n>\n\n* * *\n\nAnd regarding this sentence,\n\n> 2016年は162日目です。\n\nThis would make sense in a context like this:\n\n> A: 「6月10日は2016年の何日目ですか？」 \n> B: (seeing\n> [this](http://www.atmos.anl.gov/ANLMET/OrdinalDay.txt))「161日目です。あ、違う。\n> **2016年は162日目です**\n> 。[うるう年](http://jisho.org/search/%E3%81%86%E3%82%8B%E3%81%86%E5%B9%B4)なので。」\n\nPerhaps I won't have a chance to say something like this in my entire life,\nbut it's valid anyway.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T09:41:05.880",
"id": "30402",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T12:19:04.713",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-14T12:19:04.713",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "30400",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 30400 | 30402 | 30402 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "They are all translated as \"escort/take someone somewhere\". Are there any\ndifferences? Can I use them interchangeably?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T09:55:06.030",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30403",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T16:43:50.787",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-14T10:34:58.260",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "12143",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"nuances",
"verbs"
],
"title": "What's the difference among 送る, 乗せる and 連れていく",
"view_count": 545
} | [
{
"body": "* 送る: To escort someone somewhere (and part from him/her after arriving there). Escorting itself is the main goal, and you usually have nothing do to at the destination place.\n\n> 子どもを学校に送る \n> 友人を駅まで送った (because it was late, and I said goodbye to him and returned\n> home)\n\n * 連れて行く: To take someone somewhere (in order to do something there with him/her).\n\n> 子どもを動物園に連れて行く \n> 友人を駅に連れて行った (to show him around the station)\n\n * 乗せて行く: to drive someone somewhere (i.e., by car). 乗せる literally means _to mount/load_.\n\n> 子どもを学校に乗せて行く",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T16:43:50.787",
"id": "30408",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T16:43:50.787",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "30403",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 30403 | null | 30408 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "> 私 **に** 聞こえるように大きい声で話してください\n\nCouldn't it have simply been something like:\n\n> 私 **が** 聞けるように大きい声で話してください\n\n?",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T13:03:33.480",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30404",
"last_activity_date": "2017-01-03T11:39:48.200",
"last_edit_date": "2016-11-02T14:48:57.350",
"last_editor_user_id": "11104",
"owner_user_id": "12143",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"particle-に"
],
"title": "Why my book uses に in this sentence?",
"view_count": 355
} | [
{
"body": "It's the same but can have a slightly different nuance in some situations. The\nversion with に for example is slightly emphasizing the \"I\":\n\n> Speak loudly so that **I** (as oposed to someone else) can hear it, please.\n\nwhereas the が could imply that the person (私) would otherwise have problems\nunderstanding what is spoken.\n\nBut I think most of the times you could really use both.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T22:07:17.053",
"id": "30420",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T22:07:17.053",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12219",
"parent_id": "30404",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "* 私に聞こえるように大きい声で話してください ----- is polite and normal.\n\n * 私が聞けるように大きい声で話してください ----- is much more direct, and blunt.\n\nAlso, as the following examples show, [聞ける is usually not used for physically\naudible](http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/%E8%81%9E%E3%81%93%E3%81%88%E3%82%8B%E3%80%80%E8%81%9E%E3%81%91%E3%82%8B%E3%80%80%E8%A6%8B%E3%81%88%E3%82%8B%E3%80%80%E8%A6%8B%E3%82%8C%E3%82%8B.3008887/)\n\n```\n\n (1) 聞こえる\n 努力しなくても、意識しなくても自然に聞こえてくること。\n 例文： うとうとしていると、どこからか、きれいな音楽が聞こえてきた。\n （上記の例文にて、「聞けた」と言うと間違い。）\n \n (2) 聞ける\n 聞く機会を持つ。周囲の諸条件が整ったおかげで、聞くことができるという意味。\n 例文： 有名な指揮者が来日したおかげで、僕は実に素晴らしい演奏が聞けた（聞くことができた）。\n \n```",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-08-02T19:56:02.277",
"id": "37151",
"last_activity_date": "2016-08-04T04:10:26.180",
"last_edit_date": "2016-08-04T04:10:26.180",
"last_editor_user_id": "1527",
"owner_user_id": "16344",
"parent_id": "30404",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "I recognized as follows for each sentence.\n\nThe former sentense, as in your textbook, puts emphasis on the speaker\nspeaking at loud, and he/she doing so would result in his/her voice conveyed\nto 私, without much effort. For the reason described in next paragraph, I felt\nit sounds more polite.\n\nThe latter sentence, I felt the emphasis is on the 私 being able to listen the\nword spoken by the speaker. This sentense might be less polite than the former\nbecause, it seems to more or less connotate that the speaker is asked to speak\nat loud all for the sake of 私.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-12-04T09:52:21.470",
"id": "41449",
"last_activity_date": "2016-12-04T09:52:21.470",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10859",
"parent_id": "30404",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 30404 | null | 41449 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I would like to know the exact nuance between all these forms in these example\nsentences :\n\n> そうした方がもっと可愛くなる。 : This one feels like she would become cuter if she did that\n> (instead of something else)\n>\n> そうして、もっと可愛くなる。 : This one feels like she would become cuter by doing that\n>\n> そうしたら、もっと可愛くなる。 : This one is like she would become cuter if she did that\n>\n> そうすれば、もっと可愛くなる。 : Same as the one above but in more formal?\n\nI am really not sure if i am right, thanks",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T15:28:28.143",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30405",
"last_activity_date": "2016-11-15T16:51:51.050",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "9539",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"て-form",
"conditionals",
"comparative-constructions"
],
"title": "Exact nuance between 方が、たら、えば and テ形 in this sentence",
"view_count": 163
} | [
{
"body": "With \"そうした方が\", \"方が\" adds this feeling of your pointing to something specific\nin exclusion of others, which means there's another option being considered,\nand the speaker is preferring one over others.\n\n\"そうして\" is an odd one out here. This only makes sense when she's saying it,\nbecause it is her that does something that makes her cuter, yet \"可愛くなる\" only\nmakes sense when the observer is saying it. So the subject of two clauses do\nnot match up. Perhaps you mean \"そして、もっと可愛くなる\". \"そして\" just means passing of\ntime or unfolding of events, so in this case what's making her cuter is left\nvague, and what's getting communicated is just this sense of her getting cuter\nsomehow.\n\n\"ら\" in \"そうしたら\" is a particle that adds hypothetical, so the part that gets\nemphasized is that the speaker thinks there's something that makes her cuter,\nyet she hasn't done that yet.\n\n\"すれば\" in \"そうすれば\" is also a form of する that adds hypothetical, so more or less\nthe same meaning as \"そうしたら\". I spent good 5 minutes thinking about what\ndifferences in nuance these two forms have, but I can't really think of any.\nWhat I can say is that one is certainly not formal than the other.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-11-15T16:51:51.050",
"id": "40925",
"last_activity_date": "2016-11-15T16:51:51.050",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3059",
"parent_id": "30405",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 30405 | null | 40925 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What does `Noun-verb + も + する` mean? I'm not even sure this is actually a\nstructure. I found it in these 2 sentences:\n\n> 1. 昨日のパーティーは料理もおいしかったし、雰囲気もよかった。（料理 [も] 美味しかった [し]）\n> 2. リサはよく勉強 [も] する [し]、アルバイト [も] します。\n>\n\nThank you",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T16:31:21.213",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30406",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-17T06:20:06.397",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-17T06:20:06.397",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "12143",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"syntax",
"particle-も"
],
"title": "What does this structure (～ + も + verb/adjective) mean?",
"view_count": 762
} | [
{
"body": "Those two sentences show the most basic usage of the particle も. も is a marker\nwhich means \"also\". From\n[Wikibooks](https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Japanese/Grammar/Basic_Particles#The_.22also.22_marker_.E3.82.82)\n(emphasis mine):\n\n> **The \"also\" marker も** \n> も is quite simply a marker that says \"also\". **It replaces the particles は,\n> が and を** but can also follow other particles. This can also be used to form\n> a large list of words all acting as though one of the basic particles (は, を,\n> or が) were affecting the whole list.\n>\n> しょうねん も しょうじょ も じょせい も だんせい も にんげん です。 Boys, girls, women and men are human.\n\nIn your first example sentence, the two が were replaced by も. In your second\nexample, the two を were replaced by も.\n\n> 1. 「料理 **が** おいしかった」「雰囲気 **が** よかった」 → 「料理 **も** おいしかった」「雰囲気 **も** よかった」\n> 2. 「リサは勉強 **を** する」「リサはアルバイト **を** する」 → 「リサは勉強 **も** する」「リサはアルバイト **も**\n> する」\n>\n\nRelated question:\n\n * [Using も in place of を](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/14739/5010)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T17:31:32.320",
"id": "30410",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T17:31:32.320",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.740",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "30406",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 30406 | null | 30410 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30409",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 長さ的には丁度いい。 \n> しなりもなんとか。 \n> ……こういう“強化”は初めてだ。 \n> けど原理は間違っていないと思う。 \n> 要は補強に補強を重ねて、きちんとしたモノに仕上げればいいだけの話。 \n> **それにコレだったら、あいつが持ってたから参考になる。** \n> くわえて、魔力ならさっきから体に流れっぱなしだ。 \n> あとはいつもの工程を繰り返せばいい。\n>\n> As for the lenght, it's perfect. \n> Regarding the elasticity, I will make it do. \n> This type of \"strenghtening\", is the first time I do it. \n> I think I have the basics down though. _(Lit. But the basics, I do not\n> think they are wrong)_ \n> In short, I will keep on compensating and reach the perfect thing. _(lit.\n> The point is: I will pile up compensation over compensation and reach the\n> perfect thing, that is what it's about.)_ \n> **Moreover if it's This, I will use what he had as a reference.** _(lit. If\n> it's This, from what he had I will use it as a reference)_ \n> In addition, if it's about magic power it has been flowing through my body\n> for quite some time. \n> What's left is to keep on repeating the process.\n\nI think it's used when people want to talk about something they know and is\nknown with the audience but the author does not want to make it clear until\nsome time later. \nAm I right?\n\nHe is referring to a bow since he is talking about an archer.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T16:33:36.560",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30407",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T17:40:24.797",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-14T17:40:24.797",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "11352",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "コレ meaning in this sentence",
"view_count": 496
} | [
{
"body": "You seem to have gotten から wrong; it denotes a reason here (not \"from\").\n\n> それにコレだったら、あいつが持ってたから参考になる。 \n> (lit.) And as for this, because he had it, it serves as a reference.\n\nAnd it appears to me that this あいつが持っていたコレ refers to something which is not\ndirectly mentioned in this excerpt. Perhaps this コレ will be described later,\nor it has been already described before.\n\nMaybe he's referring to some magical device/book/etc used to fortify the bow.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T17:07:16.893",
"id": "30409",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T17:07:16.893",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "30407",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 30407 | 30409 | 30409 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "My colloquial Japanese needs some brushing up on, in particular with grammar.\nI'm currently reading a manga, the context is that Character 1 showed up and\nCharacter 2 seems surprised that he's there. In response, Character 1 says:\n\n> いや、どうしたじゃねぇよ！お前が良いイチゴが出来たから、買ってくれって言ってきたんだろうが！\n\nThe first part of the sentence is fine, it's from お前... onward where I get\nconfused. Breaking it down, here is what I understand (and I'm pretty sure I'm\nincorrect somewhere):\n\n 1. > お前が良いイチゴが出来たから\n\n\"Once you'd grown some good strawberries\"\n\n 2. > 買ってくれって言ってきたんだろうが！\n\n\"I said I'd come and buy some of them, didn't I?\"\n\nI feel like I'm close, but might be missing something or understanding\nsomething incorrectly and would love to be corrected if I'm wrong.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T20:15:30.243",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30412",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T21:30:10.313",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11274",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Colloquial grammar question: ...が出来たから...ってくれって言ってきたんだろうが！",
"view_count": 642
} | [
{
"body": "Here is my analysis, don't hesitate to correct me if you think I'm wrong.\n\nI guess Character 2 said どうした in the previous sentence. Character 1 then\nanswers \"No, it's not どうした\" meaning \"You shouldn't say どうした!\"\n\nYour translation looks to me like Verb て form + から (clause A is happening\nbefore clause B) and not like Verb simple/past form + から (clause B is\nhappening because of clause A). I would translate the first part like this :\n\n> お前が良いイチゴが出来たから、\n>\n> You managed to grow good strawberries, so,\n\nてきた conveys the idea that the action has started beforehand (てくる) and that the\nspeaker just realised it (modal た).\n\n> お、雨が降ってきた。\n>\n> Oh, it's starting to rain.\n\nのだ is used here with an imperative meaning (do that), だろう is softening it (you\nshould do that) and the が after だろう is exclamative (you definitely should do\nthat!). The って before 言って is a colloquial form of と, くれ is the coloquial form\nof ください.\n\n> 買ってくれって言ってきたんだろうが！\n>\n> You definitely should start saying (to your clients?) \"buy them!\". [and you\n> should have done that for some time (てくる)]\n\nI don't know the context but here is my attempt at a translation :\n\n> You shouldn't say \"what are you doing here\"! You managed to grow good\n> strawberries, you should start telling people to buy them!\n\nDoes it make sense?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T20:50:09.773",
"id": "30415",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T20:57:18.973",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "4822",
"parent_id": "30412",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
},
{
"body": "Literally:\n\n> You said to me (お前が...言ってきた), \"I've grown some good strawberries (いいイチゴが出来た)\n> so (から) buy them (買ってくれ)\" !\n\nThe ～てくる in this 言ってくる reflects an action being done toward the speaker. You\nsaid 'to me'. You 'told me'.\n\n買ってくれ is the imperative of 買ってくれる (～てくれる = doing the action for the benefit of\nthe speaker)\n\n> いや、どうしたじゃねぇよ！お前が良いイチゴが出来たから、買ってくれって言ってきたんだろうが！ Whadda ya mean what am I\n> doing here? You're the one who told me to come buy your strawberries cus you\n> grew some good ones!",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T21:26:28.463",
"id": "30417",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T21:26:28.463",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3010",
"parent_id": "30412",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "> いや、どうしたじゃねぇよ！お前が良いイチゴが出来たから、買ってくれって言ってきたんだろうが！\n\nLet's break it down:\n\n> いや、どうしたじゃねぇよ！\n\nHere he is saying that it's not right to say \"どうした\". The exact meaning of どうした\nhere can change but you say you have no problems with this part so there's not\nmuch point in elaborating on that.\n\n> お前が良いイチゴが出来たから\n\nYou confused a て form type of から with the regular cause-and-effect meaning of\nから。When から is used with the て form of a verb, the meaning is more explicitly\ntemporal and roughly translates to \"after/once/\". In this case since the past\nform of 出来る is used, から just means \"because/since\". So this changes it to:\n\n> Because you managed to grow good strawberries...\n\nNext:\n\n> 買ってくれって言ってきたんだろうが！\n\nThis one is a bit more tricky. Let's break it down slightly further:\n\n> 買ってくれ\n\nThis is just a very colloquial way of asking someone to buy something, and:\n\n> って言ってきたんだろうが\n\nThe って here is the more slangy version of the と particle, so he's quoting\n\"買ってくれ\". 言ってきた means something along the lines of \"you were[over time]\nsaying\"(in a different sense than ていった). Together with だろうが(emphasis, \"didn't\nyou?!\") this entire clause becomes:\n\n> You were asking [someone] to buy didn't you?!\n\nBringing it all together a bit more freely:\n\n> Don't \"what's going on\" me! Since you managed to grow good strawberries, you\n> were asking [people/me/context] to buy them didn't you?!\n\nTo be honest the very first part could be different depending on the exact\ncontext but this is a very likely option.\n\n[だろうが](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/21515/what-is-the-meaning-\nof-the-%E3%81%8C-in-%E4%BB%B2%E9%96%93%E3%81%A0%E3%82%8D%E3%81%86%E3%81%8C)\n\n[てくる/いく](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/676/difference-\nbetween-%E3%81%A6%E3%81%84%E3%81%8F-and-%E3%81%A6%E3%81%8F%E3%82%8B)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T21:26:45.760",
"id": "30418",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T21:26:45.760",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.740",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "11176",
"parent_id": "30412",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 30412 | null | 30417 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30414",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Typically, you would say 「彼は寿司が好きです。」 to say \"He likes sushi.\" But assuming\nthe \"topic\" of the sentence was something else and you couldn't use は without\nrepeating it (if that's an option), what particles would you use? …彼◯寿司◯好きです。\n\nEdit: Should also clarify that I mean the subject is necessary. Removing 彼 or\nthe person's name is not an option.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T20:26:53.160",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30413",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T20:31:28.220",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10795",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particles"
],
"title": "How to say \"He likes something\" without using は?",
"view_count": 1078
} | [
{
"body": "Just use a pause, although this would be informal.\n\n> * 彼、寿司好き.\n>\n\nAlthough, I don't see why you can't repeat using a は.\n\n> * 食べ物は彼は寿司が好きです。\n>\n\nWhy is this not an option for you? Can you give examples or more context?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T20:31:28.220",
"id": "30414",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T20:31:28.220",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "78",
"parent_id": "30413",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 30413 | 30414 | 30414 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30493",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Both `いまいち` and `物足りない` generally mean that something is lacking, not good\nenough. Frequently, the undertone is that this is due to the inadequacy of the\nspeaker.\n\n`いまいち` is sort of slang, but still ok for business conversations.\n\nBased on context, natives have a sense for which sounds natural. But, for the\nmost part, they are interchangeable.\n\nAm I wrong on any of those points?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T22:21:36.243",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30421",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T00:01:05.133",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10547",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "\"いまいち\" vs \"物足りない\" meaning / usage?",
"view_count": 203
} | [
{
"body": "いまいち or いまひとつ is \"not very good\", and 物足りない is \"something is left to be\ndesired\". It might be true that in most situations you can use either one you\ncan use the other one too, but I still don't dare say they have the same\nmeaning.\n\nThey're all about dissatisfaction towards the mentioned, and have nothing to\ndo with the speaker's quality, or humbleness.\n\nいまいち was originally a slang, but no longer sounds particularly slangy. But yes\nit's still colloquial, so you should avoid to use it in formal documents.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T08:44:58.803",
"id": "30455",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-16T08:44:58.803",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "30421",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "As the OP says, both いまいち and 物足りない mean that something is lacking, or\ninsufficient. However, いまいち doesn’t make a sentence by its own, while 物足りない\nmakes a sentence if you add 何か, which can be interpreted as either a pronoun,\nsomething or adverb, somewhat, or a subjective word to it.\n\nいまいち is a shorter form of 今一つ, literally meaning “another one (required),” and\nいまいち can be used in such a way as\n\nこの携帯のデザインはいまいちですね – The design of this mobile phone isn’t there yet.\n\n彼を課長にするにはいまいちだなア – He isn’t qualified to be promoted to the unit manager yet.\n\nHowever, いまいち is too colloquial to be used in a written form. You’d better\nlimit its use to an informal conversation.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-17T23:40:24.123",
"id": "30493",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T00:01:05.133",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-18T00:01:05.133",
"last_editor_user_id": "12056",
"owner_user_id": "12056",
"parent_id": "30421",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 30421 | 30493 | 30455 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30426",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "Trying to figure out what 譲れない equates to in English. Context is that this is\nfrom a manga, and the conversation is:\n\n> Character 1: はぁ、相変わらず熱心だなァ。\n>\n> Character 2: 無論、僕は庭師だからな。庭だけは **譲れん** 。お前も料理に関しては **譲れん** だろう？それと同じだ。\n\nI'm under the impression that 譲れない means \"non-negotiable\". However, if I were\nto use that meaning, in English the above sentence would be something like:\n\n> Of course, I'm a gardener after all. Gardening is the one thing I don't\n> negotiate on. You also don't negotiate when it comes to cooking, do you?\n> It's the same as that.\n\nBut I feel like I'm missing another meaning for 譲れない as \"non-negotiable\" in\nthis context doesn't seem to make much sense.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T22:29:17.610",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30422",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-16T04:43:01.450",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "11274",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of 譲れん (譲れない)",
"view_count": 756
} | [
{
"body": "I'd say it's \"leave (it) to others\" in this case",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T22:44:24.627",
"id": "30423",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-14T22:44:24.627",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12219",
"parent_id": "30422",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -2
},
{
"body": "Unless you have to do a verb-for-a-verb type of translation, you might\nconsider using phrases such as:\n\n> \"I'm the boss/rulebook (when it comes to ~~).\"\n>\n> \"I'm second to none (in ~~)\"\n\nbecause that is the nuance of 「[譲]{ゆず}れない」 in this context.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-15T00:43:24.030",
"id": "30426",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-16T04:43:01.450",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30422",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
},
{
"body": "譲れん is a kind of local dialect of 譲れない, which is prominent in the western part\nof Japan. As a Kyūshū-ite, I used to use れん, せん, and ん like いけん in boyhood\ninstead of いけない daily and as a matter of course.\n\n…れん instead of …れない is used in similar way as …せん instead of …せない\n\n> 眠れない→眠れん - Can't sleep.\n>\n> 食べられない→食べれん - Can't eat.\n>\n> 喋らない→喋れん - Can't speak.\n>\n> 教えることができない→教えれん - Can't teach.\n\nもう、やってはおられない→もう、やっちゃおれん - It's hopeless.\n\n> 話せない→話せん - Can't speak.\n>\n> 通せない→通せん - I won't let you pass.\n>\n> 崩せない→崩せん - Can't break.\n\nKenkyusha’s New Japanese English Dictionary (新和英中辞典) gives definitions of 譲る\nas:\n\n 1. give, hand over, transfer.\n\n 2. abdicate the throne (in favor of one’s son).\n\n 3. give up one’s seat to sb.\n\n 4. leave one’s post to make way for a (younger person)\n\n 5. give way to, concede \n\nI think your example of the gardener’s remark in your question,\n\"僕は庭師だからな。庭だけは譲れん\" meaning \"I’m a professional gardener (the gardening is my\nturf), I cannot give my throne (seat) to you (junior)\" comes under 3. or 4. of\nthe above definitions rather than your take – “non negotiable.”\n\n>",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-15T08:54:57.737",
"id": "30438",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-15T11:32:14.577",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-15T11:32:14.577",
"last_editor_user_id": "12056",
"owner_user_id": "12056",
"parent_id": "30422",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 30422 | 30426 | 30426 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30425",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "A girl is moaning about how she is treated for not doing her homework then\npauses and says:\n\n> やってられないよ\n\nI assume this is a contraction of やっていられないよ which would literally be \"I can't\nbe doing it\". I've never seen the verb-ている form converted to potential before.\nIs it a common thing and how does it differ from, for example, やれない in this\ncase?\n\nMaybe I'm barking up the wrong tree entirely. Either way, I don't understand\nwhat meaning this sentence is supposed to convey.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T23:23:19.900",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30424",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-15T15:49:56.573",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-15T04:48:57.133",
"last_editor_user_id": "7810",
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"set-phrases",
"phrases"
],
"title": "verb-ている in potential form やってられないよ",
"view_count": 1246
} | [
{
"body": "As you stated,\n\n> 「やってられないよ」＝「やって **い** られないよ」\n\nMore informally, you will often hear:\n\n> 「やって **らん** ないよ」 or even 「やって **らんねえ** よ」 around Kanto (therefore, in\n> fiction as well).\n\nIt would probably be better to treat a common phrase like 「やって（い）られない」 as a\nset phrase rather than breaking it down to understand it.\n\n**_It simply means \"I can't stand it anymore!\" You are saying what is\nhappening is ridiculous._**\n\n> \"I've never seen the verb-ている form converted to potential before.\"\n\nReally? It is used quite often. We say things like:\n\n「つまんねえ[映画]{えいが}！[観]{み}てられないよ～！」\"What a boring movie! I can't watch it\nanymore!\"\n\n「[変]{へん}な[曲]{きょく}！[聴]{き}いてられねえ！」\"Weird tune! Can't be listening to it!\"\n\n「こんなマズいピザ[食]{た}べてらんねえぜ！」\"I can't be eating an awful pizza like this!\"\n\nWhether you use the present progressive in your translation or not would be up\nto you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-14T23:54:32.783",
"id": "30425",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-15T15:49:56.573",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-15T15:49:56.573",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30424",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 30424 | 30425 | 30425 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30454",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I ran into this sentence and I'm a bit confused.\n\n> 魔法の事についてだけはあいつも **それなりに** 真摯なの **だと**\n\nI guess I'm more confused about the \"da to\" part. Is this supposed to mean\n\"suppose to\"? And so the sentence would be _\"When it comes to magic alone\nshe's supposed to be earnest/sincere\"_? Or is there any other usage for it\nthat I'm missing?\n\nI'm also a bit unsure if それなりに has any important significance in this, like \"\n_she's supposed to be sincere in her own way_ \"? I've read some examples of\nthis expression being used and it never seemed to change anything meaningful\nso I'm a bit stumped.\n\nI don't think the follow up sentence is important to the context but I'll\nleave it here anyway.\n\n> なぜそんな買いかぶりなどをしていたのか。",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-15T02:02:17.250",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30428",
"last_activity_date": "2016-02-14T06:13:50.073",
"last_edit_date": "2016-02-14T06:13:50.073",
"last_editor_user_id": "4216",
"owner_user_id": "12220",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"usage"
],
"title": "The usage of だと and それなりに in this sentence",
"view_count": 792
} | [
{
"body": "**と**\n\nOn the contrary, your following section is super important, so that I can know\nthe と isn't at the end of the sentence but qualifies the next verb.\n\nThe whole clause before と is supposed to go to a verb phrase 買いかぶっていた \"had\nbeen overrated\", which is separated into two parts 買いかぶり + していた during the\ninsertion of など, making the original form obscured. After all, the entire\nfirst clause is explaining how the speaker overrated her.\n\nと as quotative case particle can qualify any verb that means mental activity\nto detail what's actually said, felt and thought.\n\n**それなりに**\n\n> _in her own way_\n\nNo. \"In her own way\" is **彼女** なりに. Here it is **それ** なりに. Since それ \"it\" is\ntoo vague to tell actual things, それなり is more like an idiom as a whole: \"so-\nso\", \"somewhat\", \"decent(ly)\" etc.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T07:59:03.430",
"id": "30454",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-16T07:59:03.430",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "30428",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "In this sentence, you could replace それなりに with そこそこ and だと with だそう with\nlittle meaning changes.\n\nそれなりに is being used here as an intensifier. It depends a lot on context and\nspeaker, but in this case it'd probably be somewhere in between とても and ある程度.\nIn English, perhaps \"quite or \"somewhat\" would be close approximations.\n\nだと can be thought of just an abbreviation of だと言っていた. In this case, the one\nwho said the sentence 魔法の事についてだけはあいつもそれなりに真摯 is most likely whoever あいつ is,\nbut could be a third person as well. だと is just showing that the view/opinion\nthat 魔法の事についてだけはあいつもそれなりに真摯 is not originally from the speaker.\n\nAs a side note, についてだけは shouldn't be taken in a literal way here. It is just\nfor emphasis.\n\nPutting that all together, the original sentence could be translated as:\n\n> (He said / I heard that) when it comes to magic, he is quite serious.\n\nIn the translation, the portion in parenthesis is equivalent to だと and \"quite\"\nto それなりに.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-17T01:10:42.610",
"id": "30475",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-17T01:10:42.610",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12237",
"parent_id": "30428",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
]
| 30428 | 30454 | 30454 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30431",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What are the differences between these words?\n\n1.類義語\n\n2.類語\n\n3.同意語\n\n4.シノニム\n\nIn English we say 'equivalent word' or 'synonym'. How about in Japan? As I\ninvestigated it further, there is called 'quasi-synonyms' (類義語/るいぎご or 類語/るいご)\nand (同意語 or シノニム).\n\nHere are my research to these words: 類義語 = is a quasi-synonym which are words\nwith similar meaning/ideas, but not interchangable. ( = similar word?)\n\n類語 = is the same with above, only one Kanji difference.\n\n同意語 = is the true synonym with identical meaning/ideas, and interchangable as\nwell.\n\nシノニム = is the English loanword of synonym. (thus, has the same meaning as\nどういご). ->Is my conclusion correct?\n\nRelating to the questions above, when do we use 類義語, 類語, 同意語, シノニム properly?\n\nIf possible please add furigana to the answer and please explain with English\nas much as possible while pertaining the Japanese equivalent.\n\nThank you very much!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-15T02:56:02.227",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30429",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-15T04:17:56.223",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-15T04:17:56.223",
"last_editor_user_id": "11104",
"owner_user_id": "10323",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"usage",
"kanji"
],
"title": "What is the difference between 類義語, 類語, 同意語, シノニム?",
"view_count": 966
} | [
{
"body": "There is a good explanation\n[here](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/thsrs/10278/meaning/m0u/):\n\n>\n> 【１】「[同義語]{どうぎご}」は、「あす」と「あした」などのように、[全く]{まったく}[同じ]{おなじ}[意味]{いみ}で[表記]{ひょうき}や[発音]{はつおん}が[異なる]{ことなる}[語]{ご}。\n>\n> 【２】「類義語」「類語」「シノニム」は、「あがる」と「のぼる」、「[遊戯]{ゆうぎ}」と「ゲーム」などのように、意味の似た語をさす。\n>\n> 【３】「同義語」と「類義語」とを区別せずに用いることもある。\n>\n> (1) 同義語 refers to words that have the exact same meaning, but that have a\n> different spelling or pronunciation, such as あす and あした\n>\n> (2) 類義語, 類語 and シノニム refer to words that have a similar meaning (not exactly\n> the same), such as あがる and のぼる or 遊戯 and ゲーム\n>\n> (3) Sometimes 同義語 and 類義語 are used interchangeably\n\nAlso, to further explain about\n[シノニム](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%8E%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A0):\n\n>\n> シノニム（synonym）とは、同意語、別名のこと。まれに類語を含むこともある（英語のsynonymは類語を含む）。[省略]{しょうりゃく}して「Syn.」と表記されることもある。\n>\n>\n> 一般的にはあまり使われない言葉であるが、[生物]{せいぶつ}の[分類]{ぶんるい}や[情報処理]{じょうほうしょり}においては[重複]{ちょうふく}や[競合]{きょうごう}の意味を含んで使われる。これらの分野では、まず、類語の意味は持たず、[専ら]{もっぱら}同意語、別名の意味で使われる。\n>\n> Another name for 同意語. Very rarely does it include the meaning 類語 (the\n> English term \"synonym\" however does include the meaning of 類語). Sometimes it\n> is abbreviated as \"Syn.\"\n>\n> It is not used commonly, however it is used to mean something that is\n> overlapping or conflicting in the classification of organism and information\n> processing. In these areas, it is almost always used to mean 同意語 or alias\n> and does not include the meaning of 類語.\n\nTo answer your question:\n\n> Is my conclusion correct?\n\nYes, I believe you pretty much got it right.\n\n> Relating to the questions above, when do we use 類義語, 類語, 同意語, シノニム properly?\n\nI believe you already answered this for the most part. 類義語 and 類語 are the same\nmeaning, however I believe 類義語 is the more commonly used.\n\n同意語 and 類義語 can mean the same thing, however as mentioned above, 同意語 should\nprimarily used when the two words have the exact meaning, just different\nspelling, while 類義語 is used for similar words that cannot be used\ninterchangeably.\n\nシノニム on the other hand is not well known by all Japanese speakers. I would\nrefrain from using it other than in certain circles.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-15T03:56:24.263",
"id": "30431",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-15T03:56:24.263",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "1217",
"parent_id": "30429",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 30429 | 30431 | 30431 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30439",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm trying to say `I remember his ex-girlfriend's name`.\n\n> 私は彼の元彼女の名前を **覚えます** 。\n>\n> 私は彼の元彼女の名前を **覚えています** 。\n\nAs I understand, the last sentence is in present progressive tense, i.e. an\naction that is ongoing. But I don't think `I'm remembering his ex-girlfriend's\nname` makes sense.\n\nSo in this case, does the first sentence mean `I will remember his ex-\ngirlfriend's name`? And does the last sentence mean `I remember his ex-\ngirlfriend's name`?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-15T07:27:11.870",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30433",
"last_activity_date": "2020-01-14T05:25:32.670",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "1346",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"verbs"
],
"title": "Present progressive tense of 覚える",
"view_count": 587
} | [
{
"body": "In Japanese, the て+いる form does not necessarily represent present-progressive\n(as such a concept doesn't really exist in Japanese in the first place); in\nmany cases, it describes a resultant or enduring state. In this case, the verb\nis \"to remember/learn,\" so using the て+いる form implies a \"state\" of having\nalready learned something (and remembering it). The translation of the first\nsentence would probably be something like \"I will learn his ex-girlfriend's\nname,\" while the second one could be translated as \"I remember his ex-\ngirlfriend's name\" (this is what you wanted in this case).\n\nThere are definitely cases where て+いる can be translated as present-\nprogressive, but rather than being the specified purpose or meaning of the\nform, it's more like that just happens to be the realization of that\nparticular verb in that form. For a more in-depth look at what is really\nhappening with this form, I've found this page helpful:\n<http://homepage3.nifty.com/park/aspect.htm>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-15T10:42:43.480",
"id": "30439",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-15T10:42:43.480",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9596",
"parent_id": "30433",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "覚える means _to memorize something_ , and 覚えている means that someone remembers\nsomething. \n \nYour first sentence means _I will memorize his ex-girlfriend's name._ \nIf you want to say ''I will memorize and will not forget her name'', you can\nalso say 覚えておく／覚えておきます. \n \n\n覚えます is also used when you say the feature or the nature of someone (e.g.\n彼は人の名前をすぐ覚えます。), however, your first sentence is too limited, so nobody thinks\nyou're speak about your own nature. \n \n\nYour second, the last sentence is natural as a translation for _I remember his\nex-girlfriend's name._ It's not the progressive tense. ''Verb + ている'' is not\nnecessarily progressive tense, can be resultant state. Some verb are used for\nboth progressive and resultant, others are used for only progressive, the\nothers are used for only resultant. \n \nWe think 勉強している is to be studying at a glance, but how is it in a sentence\n_そんな簡単なことは、ずっと前に勉強している_? Its 勉強している is not present progressive tense but\nrather present perfect tence in English. \n \nBy the way, people who are living...live in western Japan (more west than\nOkayama, Tottori, and Shikoku area) distinguish these two _verb + ている_ by\nusing different form like 書きよる (be writing) and 書いとる (have written or be\nwritten). \n \nThe form of the verb can be different between Japanese and English. \nFor example, 住んでいる is not to be living but just to live, 着ている is to wear\ncloths, or to be wearing cloths on in some context.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-15T11:27:53.770",
"id": "30440",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-15T20:29:48.047",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-15T20:29:48.047",
"last_editor_user_id": "11654",
"owner_user_id": "11654",
"parent_id": "30433",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 30433 | 30439 | 30439 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30445",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The sentence at hand:\n\n> サンタクロースを **いつまで信じていたかなんて事** はたわいもない世間話にもならないくらいのどうでもいいような話だが、・・・\n\nI assume なんて here serves a derogatory role as など does in the following\nsentence:\n\n> あの人の言ったこと **など** 気にする事はありません。\n\nAs far as I know, the particle can be removed without significantly changing\nthe meaning of the sentence completely or making it ungrammatical.\n\nHowever, if we remove the particle from the first sentence, we have the\nfollowing noun phrase.\n\n> サンタクロースをいつまで信じていたか事\n\nAs this is the first time seeing a question modifying a noun, this looks\nrather odd to me. I would have probably inserted a という or って in between.\n\n 1. Is this a common construct? Can questions modify nouns other than こと?\n\n 2. Would it also be correct to insert という or って in there? If so, how would the meaning change?\n\n 3. Perhaps this getting is off topic, but are my observations regarding なんて・など accurate?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-15T07:37:59.940",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30434",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-15T22:41:28.013",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9838",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"syntax"
],
"title": "Modifying nouns with question phrases",
"view_count": 185
} | [
{
"body": "> サンタクロースをいつまで信じていたか事\n\nYour intuition is correct, this phrase is ungrammatical. You _must_ insert という\nor って (サンタクロースをいつまで信じていたかということ).\n\nAccording to [a\ndictionary](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/165854/meaning/m0u/):\n\n> ３ ある事物を例示して、次の語と同格であることを示す。 **…などという** 。「田中―人、知らない」「人間―ものはちっぽけなもんです」\n\nSo when なんて directly modifies a noun, you'd have to think of it as `など + という`.\n（田中など人 or 人間などもの are also ungrammatical)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-15T22:41:28.013",
"id": "30445",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-15T22:41:28.013",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "30434",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 30434 | 30445 | 30445 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30437",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> それでも、俺はその繊細な **声が** 誰の **もの** かすぐに気づく。\n\nDoes もの here refer to a voice?\n\nIf so, would there be any difference between the above and the following?\n\n> それでも、俺はその繊細な声が誰の **声** かすぐに気づく。\n\nIs it simply to avoid repetition? If so, would it not be also correct to omit\nthe noun entirely and say:\n\n> それでも、俺はその繊細な声が **誰の** かすぐに気づく。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-15T07:46:42.833",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30435",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-15T09:32:57.663",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9838",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice",
"nuances"
],
"title": "Understanding a sentence 〜声が誰のものか",
"view_count": 176
} | [
{
"body": "> 「それでも、[俺]{おれ}はその[繊細]{せんさい}な[声]{こえ}が[誰]{だれ}の **もの** かすぐに[気]{き}づく。」\n>\n> \"Does もの here refer to a voice?\"\n\nYes, it does.\n\n> If so, would there be any difference between the above and the following?\n>\n> 「それでも、俺はその繊細な **声** が誰の **声** かすぐに気づく。」\n\nThere is no difference in meaning, but as you stated, repeating the same word\nonly a few syllables after using it once like in this sentence would be\navoided at all cost in serious writing. (I take your first sentence to be from\na novel or something because it uses the **_historical present_** at the end\nin 「気づく」.)\n\nIn informal daily conversations, however, native speakers do not frown upon\nrepetitions like this at all in most cases.\n\n> \" would it not be also correct to omit the noun entirely and say:\n>\n> 「それでも、俺はその繊細な声が **誰の** かすぐに気づく。」\"\n\nThis sentence is grammatical and even natural-sounding, but again, it would\nsound too conversational with 「誰のか」.\n\nThe best sentence for use in a novel is the original one.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-15T08:23:42.667",
"id": "30437",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-15T09:32:57.663",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-15T09:32:57.663",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30435",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 30435 | 30437 | 30437 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "The following sentence is from a book. The context is the main characters just\nfinished fighting some monsters. One character looks distracted, and when one\nof the others asks her if there's something wrong, she says:\n\n> いえね、さっきの化け物が単独。もしくは、ハグレなら問題はないのだけれど。\n\nSince there is no kanji with ハグレ, I'm having problems trying to figure out\nwhat they're talking about. Does anyone have an idea based on context? I\nguessed maybe the word 逸れる, but I'm not sure it makes sense here. Thanks.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-15T20:42:00.943",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30441",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-16T01:08:01.493",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11274",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of ハグレ (kanji unknown)",
"view_count": 1102
} | [
{
"body": "Possibly would be from the はぐれる(strayed-verb) made into a noun (stray - noun).\nLike 群れから逸れる strayed from the pack.\n\nSo your sentence would be \"yes, well, if that monster was just by itself. Or,\nif it was a stray, there wouldn't be any problem, but...\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-15T22:09:30.903",
"id": "30443",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-15T22:09:30.903",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12206",
"parent_id": "30441",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "Yes that ハグレ is from the verb はぐれる and means \"lone wanderer\", \"stray one\",\netc.\n\nはぐれ as a noun is definitely rare and is almost never used in daily\nconversations. But J-RPG fans are somewhat familiar with this word because\n[はぐれメタル](http://dic.nicovideo.jp/a/%E3%81%AF%E3%81%90%E3%82%8C%E3%83%A1%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AB)\n([Liquid Metal Slime](http://dragonquest.wikia.com/wiki/Liquid_metal_slime) in\nEnglish) is one of the most popular monsters in the _Dragon Quest_ franchise.\nActually I feel her use of ハグレ is a reference to this monster.\n\nAside from this, the only word I know which contains はぐれ is the title of [this\nTV\ndrama](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%81%AF%E3%81%90%E3%82%8C%E5%88%91%E4%BA%8B%E7%B4%94%E6%83%85%E6%B4%BE).",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-15T22:27:26.770",
"id": "30444",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-16T01:08:01.493",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-16T01:08:01.493",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "30441",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 30441 | null | 30444 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30446",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "A person is comparing herself to some disreputable school mates, thinking that\nshe might be similar to them, and says:\n\n> やんなっちゃうなぁ\n\nIs this a contraction of (い)やになっちゃうなぁ meaning \"I ended up becoming\nunlikeable\"?\n\nI'm coming across more and more of these contractions as I read more, and they\nkeep tripping me up. Are there any general rules I should know that will help\nme figure this stuff out on my own?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-15T21:27:49.447",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30442",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-16T02:11:47.983",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"contractions"
],
"title": "Contractions in やんなっちゃう",
"view_count": 1109
} | [
{
"body": "Yes, やんなっちゃう is short for いやになっちゃう, which is short for いやになってしまう.\n\nいやになる is a fixed phrase meaning \"to be fed up / sick / disgusted\". So\nやんなっちゃうなあ is something like \"Now I'm starting to feel disgusted\", \"I can't\nhelp being sick\".",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-15T22:50:48.520",
"id": "30446",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-16T02:11:47.983",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-16T02:11:47.983",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "30442",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
]
| 30442 | 30446 | 30446 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30450",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 技術は習うものではなく盗むもの\n\nI'm sure this is some sort of idiomatic expression, I just don't know exactly\nwhat it means. Searched everywhere but didn't find anything.\n\nSometimes the \"Gijutsu\" part is replaced by another thing, so I suppose the\nrest of the expression is the important bit.\n\nTo clarify, I know the literal meaning of the sentence \"Technique isn't\nsomething you learn, it's something you steal\". I just don't know what the\nexpression entails.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T01:44:30.807",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30448",
"last_activity_date": "2018-11-20T07:24:51.957",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-16T02:00:31.593",
"last_editor_user_id": "12220",
"owner_user_id": "12220",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"idioms"
],
"title": "The meaning of 技術は習うものではなく盗むもの",
"view_count": 192
} | [
{
"body": "This sentence means skills aren't taught but you learn them by yourself by\nwatching old hands.\n\nThis sentence says learning skills by oneself by watching old hands is \"steal\nskills\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T02:34:33.493",
"id": "30450",
"last_activity_date": "2018-11-20T07:24:51.957",
"last_edit_date": "2018-11-20T07:24:51.957",
"last_editor_user_id": "7320",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "30448",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 30448 | 30450 | 30450 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I recently started learning Japanese before my friend suggested I try out this\ncool app that lets me meet people from Japan to talk to.\n\nI get a lot of japanese messages and in some requests the first word I notice\nis 「フーホり」. I looked it up in my Japanese dictionary but nothing pops up. If\nanyone know, please tell me.\n\nThank you.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T02:29:14.463",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30449",
"last_activity_date": "2016-05-02T15:42:11.600",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12226",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "What does 「フーホり」mean?",
"view_count": 255
} | [
{
"body": "Probably ワーホリ which is short for ワーキング・ホリデー (working holiday) which is a type\nof visa that allows the person to be in the country and work for about 1 year.\n\nAs a bonus bit of trivia: Usually you are only eligible for that kind of visa\nbefore you are 30 years old, so when someone who is 30 gets a working holiday\nvisa because it is their last chance they call it ギリホリ which is short for\nギリギリでワーホリのビザを取った (only just got a working holiday visa in the nick of time).\n\nSome Japanese people who like the idea of living overseas spend their entire\n20s going from country to country on working holiday visas. Usually England,\nAustralia, New Zealand, Canada, America.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T11:03:16.000",
"id": "30458",
"last_activity_date": "2016-05-02T15:42:11.600",
"last_edit_date": "2016-05-02T15:42:11.600",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "12106",
"parent_id": "30449",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 30449 | null | 30458 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "What is the difference between \"何も\" and \"何でも\"?\n\nI have commonly heard that \"何も\" means \"everything/nothing\" and \"何で\" means\n\"anything\" until my Japanese teacher (a native speaker) told me that the\ndifference between these two is that \"何も\" is only used in negative sentences\nand \"なんでも\" only in positive sentences.\n\nBut then both \"何でもいい\" and \"何でもない\" seem to be common grammatically-correct\nexpressions. One is positive and the other is negative.\n\nCould someone please clarify what the actual difference between \"何も\" and \"何でも\"\nis?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T03:20:15.610",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30451",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-16T21:52:32.150",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-16T14:47:21.497",
"last_editor_user_id": "11104",
"owner_user_id": "12209",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 13,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Difference Between \"何も\" and \"何でも\"",
"view_count": 11856
} | [
{
"body": "As far as I know, you wouldn't use 何でも in 何でもない. You would use 何も because it\nmeans something like \"nothing\", which then leads to this whole thing in\nJapanese with double-negatives. While 何も technically means \"nothing\", it\nfunctions a lot like the adverb [全然]{ぜんぜん}, which means \"not at all\". Both\nwords can only be used in negative sentences. They're translated to have\nnegative meanings in English, but this is more or less to help convey that you\n_have_ to use these in negative sentences. Now, I've always been on who learns\nbetter by example, so I'm going to give you a few sentences to help explain\nthis perhaps a little better than I can put it into words.\n\n> 全然できないよ！（I can't do it at all!)\n>\n> 何もない (There isn't anything/There is nothing)\n>\n> 何でもほしいって。 (She says she wants anything)\n\nFor further reference:\n<http://www.guidetojapanese.org/forum/viewtopic.php?id=5767>",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T04:59:38.620",
"id": "30452",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-16T04:59:38.620",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12154",
"parent_id": "30451",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -2
},
{
"body": "As your teacher say, the opposite meaning of ''なんでも食べる'' is ''なにも食べない'', the\nopposite of ''なんでもある'' is ''なにもない''. \nNow what is ''なんでもない''!? \n \nThe expression of its opposite meaning is なにかだ or なにかである, though that is\nrarely used. \n \nない in the sentence ''なんでもない'' is not _not to exist_ but just a negative form\nof 〜だ or 〜である. You can also say ''なんでもありません'' with politeness. \n \n\n> A. この店にはなんでもある。 (This shop has everything.)\n>\n> B. この店にはなにもない。 (This shop doesn't have anything.) \n>\n\nA and B are spoken about what the shop has. ある and ない in these sentences have\nthe meanings of _to exist or not._ \n \n\nWhen can we use ''なんでもない''? \n\nIf your friend looks disappointed and blue, you would ask him or her what\nhappened and say ''どうしたの？''. \nS/he can answer ''なんでもない'' if s/he doesn't mention what happened on him or\nher, or s/he doesn't want to make you worry. \n\n* * *\n\n \n\n(added) \n \nI want you to think about ''だれもいない'' and ''だれでもない'' too. \n \n''だれもいない'' is _Nobody exists._ or _There is nobody._ It's the same usage of\n''なにもない''. \nWhile, ''だれでもない'' is _It's not anyone._ This is the same usage as ''なんでもない''. \nPlease notice that not いない but ない is used in ''だれでもない'' even though ''いる/いない''\n(not ある/ない) should be used for persons. That's because the ない in ''だれでもない'' is\nnot _not to exist_ but just _not_ , is the same as ない in\n''私{わたし}は学生{がくせい}ではない''. \nSo both ''なにもない'' and ''なんでもない'' are grammatical. \n \n\n * なにかがある。Something exists.\n * **なにもない** 。Nothing exists.\n * なにかだ。(the same as なにかである) It's something.\n * **なんでもない** 。It's not anything. \n \n\n * だれかがいる。Someone exists.\n * だれもいない。Nobody exists.\n * だれかだ。It's someone.\n * だれでもない。It's not anyone.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T12:30:10.270",
"id": "30462",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-16T21:52:32.150",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-16T21:52:32.150",
"last_editor_user_id": "11654",
"owner_user_id": "11654",
"parent_id": "30451",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 10
}
]
| 30451 | null | 30462 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "会議は三時からでいらっしゃいます. (I'm studying the honorific and humble forms) Thank you",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T10:56:57.673",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30456",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-17T00:16:18.470",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-16T20:38:40.183",
"last_editor_user_id": "15",
"owner_user_id": "12143",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"honorifics"
],
"title": "is this sentence correct 会議は三時からでいらっしゃいます.?",
"view_count": 264
} | [
{
"body": "This sentence is incorrect. いらっしゃる is a honorific form of\n「行く」「来る」「居る」「ある」「いる」. <http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/15386/meaning/m0u/>\n\n会議は三時からです is polite and 会議は三時からでございます is more polite.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T11:31:00.473",
"id": "30459",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-16T11:38:46.100",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-16T11:38:46.100",
"last_editor_user_id": "7320",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "30456",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "If a secretary tells her boss “会議は三時からでいらっしゃいます,” he’ll roll eyeballs and\nlaugh away. “いらっしゃいます” is an honorific to mean ‘be’ or ‘come / go,’ as Yuuich\nsuggested. For examples:\n\nご主人はお元気でいらっしゃいますか ‐ Is your husband in good shape?\n\nあの方は雲の上の人でいらっしゃる – He is a man above the cloud, meaning out of one’s reach.\n\nどちら様でいらっしゃいますか？- May I ask what's your name?\n\n会長は３時頃いらっしゃいます - The Chairman will be (come) here around 3 o’clock.\n\nどちらへいらっしゃいますか？－Where are you going?\n\nYou’d better say simply ”会議は三時からです,” or ” 会議は三時から始まります - The meeting will\nstart from 3:00 pm.”.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T22:18:21.947",
"id": "30470",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-17T00:16:18.470",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-17T00:16:18.470",
"last_editor_user_id": "12056",
"owner_user_id": "12056",
"parent_id": "30456",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 30456 | null | 30459 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30460",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> それならどちらか一人に絞って魔力を提供した **方がより効率的** という訳か。\n>\n> If that is the case, Squeezing magic in one of them end supplying would be\n> more effective.\n\nI think it means: This way is more effective.\n\nAm i right?\n\nThis got me confused with\n\nより and 方が.\n\nCould someone give me an explanation of 方がより?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T11:01:37.037",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30457",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-16T11:32:03.770",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "11352",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Doubts regarding 方がより",
"view_count": 196
} | [
{
"body": "> 「Phrase + [方]{ほう}が + より + Adjective」\n>\n> = \"(Phrase) is more (adjective)\"\n\nSo, your undestanding of 「～～方がより[効率的]{こうりつてき}」 is correct. It means \"~~ is\nmore effective\".\n\nThough I am not sure if this is what is confusing you, I will go ahead and\nstate that there are two different 「より's」 used in statements of comparison.\n\n> 「より」 the _**adverb**_ :\n\nThis is the 「より」 used in 「～～方が **より** 効果的」. It means \"more\" and it modifies\nadjectives. One could also safely say that this 「より」 is used like a more\nformal version of 「もっと」.\n\n> 「より」 the _**particle**_ :\n\nThis is the 「より」 used in a sentence like 「[富士山]{ふじさん}は[東京]{とうきょう}タワー **より**\n[高]{たか}い。」= \"Mt. Fuji is taller than Tokyo Tower.\"\n\n「Topic + は + (Base/Standard of Comparison) + **より** + Adjective」\n\nThough I have never studied Japanese as a foreign language, I am pretty sure\nthat the particle 「より」 is the first 「より」 that is taught in Japanese-as-a-\nforeign-language. ⇒ 「AはB **より** ～～だ/です。」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T11:32:03.770",
"id": "30460",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-16T11:32:03.770",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30457",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
]
| 30457 | 30460 | 30460 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30467",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm trying to determine the most appropriate kanji for タコ (octopus), and have\ncome across three possibilities:\n[章魚](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E9%AD%9A),\n[蛸](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%9B%B8), and\n[鮹](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%AE%B9).\n\n * According to [jisho.org](http://jisho.org/word/%E8%9B%B8), all three possibilities are read as たこ.\n * The Pocket Kenkyusha Japanese Dictionary ([ISBN 978-0-19-860748-9](https://duckduckgo.com/html/?q=!ISBN+978-0-19-860748-9)) includes 蛸.\n * The Collins English-Japanese Dictionary ([ISBN 0-00-719655-5](https://duckduckgo.com/html/?q=!ISBN+0-00-719655-5)) only gives タコ.\n\nMy question: How common is each variant, and are their meanings truly\nequivalent? For example:\n\n * 英語でタコは「octopus」です。\n * 英語で章魚は「octopus」です。\n * 英語で蛸は「octopus」です。\n * 英語で鮹は「octopus」です。\n\nMy understanding is that any of the above could be considered _correct_\n(though some would seem more unusual than others) and that they all have the\nexact same meaning.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T13:17:18.517",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30463",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-17T14:12:54.540",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-16T16:38:47.727",
"last_editor_user_id": "9212",
"owner_user_id": "9212",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kanji-choice",
"animals"
],
"title": "Octopus kanji: 章魚 vs 蛸 vs 鮹",
"view_count": 2575
} | [
{
"body": "If you look at 漢字, then 蛸 is by far the most common option. This is confirmed\nby the frequency data in the BCCWJ (Balanced Corpus of Contemporary Written\nJapanese, via <http://nlb.ninjal.ac.jp>):\n\n```\n\n タコ 676 results\n 蛸 129 results\n ダコ 32 results\n 章魚 10 results\n 鮹 2 results\n 鱆 0 results\n \n```\n\nタコ is still a lot more popular than any 漢字 version. (But that's to be expected\nsince, like many other 漢字 for animals, 蛸 is not 常用漢字 and 熟字訓 readings are very\nrare.)\n\nOf course, 蛸 can also be written in ひらがな. It's not easy to get numbers, but\neven looking at たこやき alone, we already get big numbers:\n\n```\n\n たこ焼 244 results\n タコ焼 39 results\n 蛸焼 1 result\n \n```\n\nJust something to keep in mind when choosing whether to write in 漢字 or not.\n\n* * *\n\n_Edit._\n\nThe dictionary 大辞林 entry for たこ is\n\n> **たこ** [1] \n> 【▼蛸・〈章魚〉・▼鮹】 \n> [...]\n\nThe notation ▼ means that the _kanji_ is not 常用漢字 and the angled brackets mean\nthat the reading is 熟字訓. As such, writing たこ as 蛸 or 章魚 or 鮹 wouldn't be seen\nas incorrect, but unusual.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T16:10:22.360",
"id": "30467",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-17T14:12:54.540",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-17T14:12:54.540",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "30463",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 30463 | 30467 | 30467 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30466",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I am quite familiar with Noun じゃない and Na-adj じゃない - in both cases, they\nnegate the noun or na-adjective, and じゃ is a colloquial form of では; ない is the\nplain form of ありません.\n\nI also know that じゃ conveys the meaning of \"well\" or \"with that\" (though\nthat's probably too formal).\n\n> せんせいじゃない ・ すきじゃない\n>\n> じゃ、また。 ・ じゃ、はじめましょう。\n\nHowever, what happens when じゃ is moved in front of the noun or na-adjective?\nFor instance, in the song エアーマンが倒せない (Airman ga Taosenai / I cannot Defeat\nAirman) the following is heard (0:40):\n\n> タイム連{れん}打{だ}も試{ため}してみたけど 竜{たつ}巻{まき}相{あい}手{て} **じゃ意{い}味{み}が無{な}い** ！\n>\n> I attempted the Time Barrage glitch, but against the tornado it is\n> meaningless!\n\nI would have written 竜巻相手に意味が無い myself.\n\nCould it be that じゃ means に here?\n\nSong: <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=opADNvgeZYY>\n\nLyrics: <http://www.animelyrics.com/doujin/nekokan/airman.jis> (in kanji, but\nincludes a link to romaji/ english lyrics)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T16:02:58.560",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30465",
"last_activity_date": "2016-02-03T13:33:13.500",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "11849",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-は",
"particle-で",
"song-lyrics"
],
"title": "じゃ意味がない / じゃNounがない",
"view_count": 980
} | [
{
"body": "As you said yourself, じゃ is just the colloquial form of では。If the sentence was\nwritten more \"properly\" it would be:\n\n> 相手では意味が無い\n\nSee:\n[では・じゃ](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/27348/%E4%B8%8A%E6%89%8B%E3%81%A7%E3%81%AF%E3%81%82%E3%82%8A%E3%81%BE%E3%81%9B%E3%82%93-or-%E4%B8%8A%E6%89%8B%E3%81%98%E3%82%83%E3%81%82%E3%82%8A%E3%81%BE%E3%81%9B%E3%82%93)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T16:08:40.457",
"id": "30466",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-16T16:08:40.457",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.260",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "11176",
"parent_id": "30465",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "The は particle is frequently when expressing negative things, not just in the\ncase of \"ではない\" (じゃない) but in a form like form \"XはYがない\".\n\nWhile there is some nuance difference, I think for the most part\n\"には意味がない”,\"では意味がない”, and \"は意味がない” have a similar meaning. You can do a web\nsearch and see that they are all used in similar situations.\n\nHowever, in the specific case of \"相手では（じゃ)意味がない”, I feel that there is some\nsense of the feeling of \"with\", and the english translation of the example\nsentence could have been \"but with the tornado it is meaningless\" (though\nusing \"against\" is clearly better). Stating just \"相手は” seems to me to say\nsomething more like \"but the tornado is meaningless\". This is just my gut\nfeeling, however.\n\n(This is my first post on the board. I'm the author of the blog referred to\none of the other answers which is how I found this page. よろしくお願いします (^^) )",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-02-03T12:31:22.523",
"id": "30920",
"last_activity_date": "2016-02-03T12:31:22.523",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11825",
"parent_id": "30465",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 30465 | 30466 | 30466 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30469",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I have always wondered how to ask someone (like my Japanese teacher) to tell\nme how to say something in Japanese. For example, I wanted to ask Kato Sensei\nhow to say \"Please send me a photo via Instagram DM.\" If I were to ask her in\nEnglish, I would say, \"How do you say 'Please send me a photo via Instagram\nDM' in Japanese?\" But if I asked a person in Japanese \"How do you say 〜?\" in\nEnglish, that wouldn't make sense, I guess. How do you say \"How do you say __\n[in Japanese]?\" in Japanese?",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T16:11:28.693",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30468",
"last_activity_date": "2021-11-16T20:39:38.160",
"last_edit_date": "2021-11-16T20:39:38.160",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "11588",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 10,
"tags": [
"expressions",
"english-to-japanese"
],
"title": "How to say \"How do you say~?\"",
"view_count": 72298
} | [
{
"body": "The general pattern is:\n\n> 「something」は日本語で何ですか。\n\nTo break things down a bit:\n\n * **「something」は** = the phrase\n * **日本語で** = \"in Japanese\"\n * **何ですか** = \"is what?\"\n\nIn this context, the で particle is used to mean \"in this language\", like so:\n\n> 英語で「犬」は何ですか。 \n> What is \"dog\" in English?\n\nHere's an example I remember seeing on [japanese-\nonline.com](http://web.archive.org/web/20060317202710if_/http://www.japanese-\nonline.com/lessons/NonMem_JLL2.htm) many years ago:\n\n> Jason: Kore wa Nihon-go de nan desu ka. \n> What is this (item) in Japanese?\n>\n> Yota: Nihon-go de sore wa \"denwa\" desu. \n> In Japanese, that is a telephone.\n\n...and here's the explanation given on that page:\n\n> **Kore wa Nihon-go de nan desu ka.**\n>\n> This sentence means \"What is it in Japanese?\" or \"How do you say it in\n> Japanese?\" The word de is a particle that signifies \"in\" when referring to a\n> language.\n>\n> Thus, Nihon-go de means \"in Japanese\". The word Nihon-go is a compound of\n> the two words, Nihon and go. Go means \"language\" and when added to the end\n> of a country name, it signifies the language of that country.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T17:09:21.620",
"id": "30469",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-16T17:09:21.620",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9212",
"parent_id": "30468",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 11
},
{
"body": "I'd personally use...\n\n> ～は日本語【にほんご】で何【なん】と言【い】いますか？\n\nFor years, I used the...\n\n> ～は日本語で何ですか？\n\nBut I had a Japanese native tell me it was more natural to use it with the\nverb 言う (polite form is 言います).\n\nSo, to break it down, you're literally asking \"What is ~ called in Japanese?\"\nor \"What do you say for ~ in Japanese?\"\n\n言う = to say\n\nと = grammatically necessary particle used with 言う to indicate a quotation.\nThink of it like the \"that\" we use in English to quote someone. (He said\n**that** he was hungry.)\n\nYou could still use ～は日本語で何ですか？, of course. But I personally feel using the\nthe verb 言う is more natural for Japanese. Choice is yours though. Either way,\nyou'll be understood.\n\nIf I'm not clear on anything, just let me know. I sometimes have trouble\nexplaining, hah.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T23:28:30.043",
"id": "30473",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-16T23:28:30.043",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12000",
"parent_id": "30468",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 26
}
]
| 30468 | 30469 | 30473 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30474",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm getting confused with my と and my という again. I want to say:\n\n> Writing \"A\" sounds good but writing \"B\" sounds bad.\n\nMy attempt is:\n\n> 「A」という書くのはいいそうけど、「B」という書くのは悪いそうです。\n\nMy main concern is how to join the phrase「A」to the 書く verb, but comments on\nhow I've mangled the rest of the sentence would also be appreciated. Thanks",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-16T22:30:03.387",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30471",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-17T00:32:34.840",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-と"
],
"title": "Should I use とor という or something else in this phrase",
"view_count": 260
} | [
{
"body": "As far as grammar, the following is the main difference:\n\n> 「～～と」 must be followed by a **_verb_** phrase. When it is not, the verb has\n> intentionally been left unmentioned.\n\n[手紙]{てがみ}に、「[好]{す}きです」 **と** [書]{か}いた。(書いた is a verb.)\n\n> 「～～という」 must be followed by a **_noun_** or a form of nominalization.\n\n「こんにちは」 **という** あいさつは、[夜]{よる}にはしません。(あいさつ is a noun)\n\nWith this basic knowledge, let us take a look at your sentence.\n\n> 「A」という書くのはいいそうけど、「B」という書くのは[悪]{わる}いそうです。\n\n**_Among the few mistakes contained (sorry but gotta be honest), the most\nserious one is the 「A」という書く part. You cannot say that as 書く is a verb._**\n\nYou can say 「A」と書く or 「A」という[文]{ぶん} or 「A」というフレーズ. You need a noun to follow\n「A」という.\n\n(Of course, you can say 「A」という文を書く as you already have a noun following\n「A」という. Are you following me? No pun.)\n\n*****You might opt not to read further in order to concentrate on your more\nimmediate question. I am just pointing out the following because I can't\npretend to not notice mistakes.\n\nYou cannot say 「いいそうけど」, or more precisely, 「そうけど」. You must say 「そう **だ**\nけど」, 「そう **です** けど」, etc.\n\n「B」という書く is also naturally incorrect. (Explained above)\n\n「[悪]{わる}い」 is not the best or most natural word choice here because it sounds\ntoo direct for the Japanese taste. We would use 「よくない」 or 「[間違]{まちが}っている」\ninstead.\n\nExamples of correct sentences:\n\n> 「A」と書くのはいいそうですが、「B」と書くのはよくないそうです。\n\nNotice I used 「が」 instead of 「けど」. Using 「けど」 is 100% grammatical but it\nsounds too childish (or informal).\n\n> 「A」という文は[正]{ただ}しいそうですが、「B」という文は間違っているそうです。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-17T00:32:34.840",
"id": "30474",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-17T00:32:34.840",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30471",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 30471 | 30474 | 30474 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30479",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "Is 「もしもし」 only used when you cannot see the person you're talking with (I once\nheard that it's somewhat akin to \"Anyone there?\", which wouldn't make much\nsense if you could see your conversation partner) or do you also use it when\nmaking video calls?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-17T03:16:20.847",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30477",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-19T15:02:41.100",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-17T07:38:26.660",
"last_editor_user_id": "3437",
"owner_user_id": "12239",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"usage",
"expressions"
],
"title": "Do you also say 「もしもし」 on Skype?",
"view_count": 1661
} | [
{
"body": "もしもし is like \"Hello\" and it's used in two kinds of situations:\n\n 1. As the very first word of the call (\"Hello, this is Tanaka speaking.\")\n 2. As the word to check if the other person can hear you, when the line is noisy or unstable (\"Hello? Hello? Can you hear me?\")\n\nIn video calls, you can still safely use もしもし in the second situation. In the\nfirst sense, and in a video call, I feel もしもし is probably not very common.\nMany people probably use other nonspecific greetings like おはようございます, どうも. But\nsome people may use もしもし, and it's not that strange.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-17T03:45:24.177",
"id": "30479",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-19T15:02:41.100",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-19T15:02:41.100",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "30477",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 13
},
{
"body": "もしもし is a kind of signal to start talking, so it is not strange to start\nconversation with it. \nIn this usage, it may be a bit strange on Skype. \n\nもしもし is used if you want to make sure your conversation partner can hear you. \nIn this usage, you can say もしもし.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-17T03:48:34.407",
"id": "30480",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-17T03:48:34.407",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11654",
"parent_id": "30477",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "You definitely do use it on Skype, but only for audio only calls, not when you\nalso have a video feed and can see the other person. It's usually followed by\n聞こえますか？ (can you hear me?) when on Skype. Normally on the phone you wouldn't\nbother asking 聞こえますか？ after you say もしもし because もしもし is already intended to\nserve that purpose of signalling that you are on the line and are ready to\ntalk but is the other person? But when it comes to Skype you get connection\nproblems and problems with headsets not being configured right, so you tend to\nalso add in 聞こえますか？ to explicitly check if the other person can hear you. If\nit's a video call and you can see the other person just greet them like you\nwould in person.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-17T05:30:44.430",
"id": "30481",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-17T05:30:44.430",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12106",
"parent_id": "30477",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 30477 | 30479 | 30479 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30508",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "For the new year, I've been keeping a daily diary in Japanese for practice,\nbut I've noticed that I tend to describe everything good that happens to me as\neither 面白い or 楽しい. Is this typical of a beginner/intermediate/not-as-advanced-\nas-I'd-like-to-be student, or is the usage of these words really that common?\nDo you have any suggestions for how to possibly make my writing more involved?\n\nAs an example, I may write something along the lines of 「ジョーと昼ご飯を食べに行きました。…\nとても楽しかったです。」 or 「討論を見ました。面白かったです。」 But that's what I end up writing for pretty\nmuch everything I do.\n\nI apologize if this is too broad a question.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-17T08:52:40.233",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30482",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T10:17:49.370",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10795",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "How to avoid repetitive usage of 面白い and 楽しい?",
"view_count": 807
} | [
{
"body": "I think it's along the lines of your idea of your Japanese not being as\nadvanced as you'd like, and at the same time, it also has something to do with\nthe words being common. Think about it: the only reason you can even pick out\nexactly which words you're using is because you have to think over everything\nyou're about to say or write down for another language. In English, you likely\nrepeat the same words over and over again without ever realizing it. For\nexample, I tend to describe things as \"brilliant\" (despite not being British\nat all) or \"fantastic\". Those tend to be my defaults, and honestly, I'd\nprobably have never picked up on it if I hadn't started to kind of hyperfocus\non my word choice in both English and Japanese.\n\nI think it's also safe for me to assume you're in some kind of Japanese class,\nbecause your sentences and word choice highly resemble that style of teaching,\nor it does to me, anyway. If you want to liven up your word choice, hit up a\ndictionary or two (like Jisho) while writing your journal entries, and feel\nfree to throw them onto Lang-8 too so you can make sure you're on the right\ntrack.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-17T09:19:44.850",
"id": "30483",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-17T09:19:44.850",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12154",
"parent_id": "30482",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "楽しい or 面白い can be used with various words which add a specific meaning and\nnuance to simple 楽しい or 面白い. So, how about using those words with it and\ncreating various kinds of 楽しい / 面白い? For example,\n\n> **本当に** 楽しかったです。 ／ 面白かったです。\n>\n> **最高に** 楽しかったです。 ／ 面白かったです。\n>\n> **いろいろ** 楽しかったです。 ／ 面白かったです。\n>\n> **なかなか** 楽しかったです。 ／ 面白かったです。\n>\n> **[久々]{ひさ・びさ}に** 楽しかったです。 ／ 面白かったです。\n>\n> **思ったより** 楽しかったです。 ／ 面白かったです。\n>\n> **意外にも** 楽しかったです。 ／ 面白かったです。\n>\n> 困ったこともあったけど、 **なんだかんだで** 楽しかったです。 ／ 面白かったです。\n>\n> **いつにも増して** 楽しかったです。 ／ 面白かったです。\n>\n> **心から** 楽しめました。 etc.\n\n楽しい can be used with some kinds of onomatopoeia, like so.\n\n> **わいわい** 楽しかったです。\n>\n> **ほのぼの** 楽しかったです。\n>\n> **まったり** 楽しかったです。 etc.\n\nIf you would change the position of the words 楽しい / 面白い in a sentence, the\nimpression of the sentence would change as well. For example,\n\n> とても楽しく、良い一日になりました。\n>\n> とても楽しい時間を過ごせました。\n>\n> 楽しいことだらけでした。\n>\n> とことん楽しんで、すっきりしました。\n>\n> 面白い発言が[多々]{た・た}ありました。\n>\n> 面白いと感じました。\n>\n> 面白いと思いました。\n>\n> 面白くて、ためになる内容でした。\n>\n> あまりに面白かったので、[関連本]{かん・れん・ぼん}を買ってしまいました。\n\nExpressing the experience of 楽しかった or 面白かった by using other words would be a\nbetter choice sometimes. The other words examples are:\n\nInstead of writing 楽しかったです。,\n\n> たくさん笑いました。\n>\n> （something）の話で、[盛]{も}り[上]{あ}がりました。\n>\n> （something）に[癒]{いや}されました。 etc.\n\nInstead of writing 面白かったです。,\n\n> [興味]{きょう・み}[深]{ぶか}かったです。\n>\n> 興味深いものでした。\n>\n> 興味をそそられっぱなしでした。\n>\n> [見応]{み・ごた}え／聞き[応]{ごた}えのある内容でした。\n>\n> 「（something）」と聞き、[成]{な}る[程]{ほど}と思いました。\n>\n> （something）について、勉強になりました。\n>\n> （something）について、もっと知りたいと思いました。 etc.\n\nThese expressions may be useful when you write a couple of paragraphs or\nlonger writings. For example,\n\n> (In the first paragraph)\n>\n> ジョーと[抹茶]{まっ・ちゃ}[味]{あじ}のお[菓子]{か・し}を[試]{ため}して、楽しかったです。\n>\n> (In the second paragraph)\n>\n> 今日は、いろいろと新しい体験ができて、とても楽しかったです。\n\nThe preceding writing looks repetitive. The following example may be better.\n\n> (In the first paragraph)\n>\n> ジョーと抹茶味のお菓子を試して、盛り上がりました。\n>\n> (In the second paragraph)\n>\n> 今日は、いろいろと新しい体験ができて、とても楽しかったです。\n\nBy the way, this [盛]{も}り[上]{あ}がる means something like \"have so much fun\" or\n\"have a great time\".\n\nI'm Japanese and learning English slowly. There are some English expressions\nwhich I often use because it's easy to use familiar expressions and actually I\ndon't know other expressions of the meanings. So, in my case, my limited\nEnglish vocabulary makes my sentences too simple or too complicated or\nrepetitive. I guessed that your case might have some similarity to mine. I'm\nsorry if my guess is wrong. I'm afraid my repetitive English sentences are not\nappropriate to answer your question which asks how to avoid repetition, but, I\nthought that it might be a good idea to show you some useful Japanese\nvocabulary related to 楽しい / 面白い, so I tried. Hope this answer is helpful.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T10:17:49.370",
"id": "30508",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T10:17:49.370",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "10484",
"parent_id": "30482",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
}
]
| 30482 | 30508 | 30508 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30490",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm having vocabulary difficulties with [this\nstory](http://namakajiri.net/misc/tomin-no-kyaku.html) about a frog\nhibernating in one's backyard:\n\n> ちらっと見たぐらいでは、おそらく誰も蛙とは気がつかないであろう。わずかに、 **眼の所が少し高くなっているが** 、その眼を\n> **これ以上は閉じられないほど** 、しっかりと **一文字に結んでいる** 。 ― ああ、冬眠なのだ ― とわたしは呟いた。\n\n 1. 一文字に結んでいる： Does this refer to eyes completely closed, eyelids forming a thin horizontal line (I guess so)? Or does it have to do with a frog's horizontally-shaped eyes, [like this](http://www.gettyimages.com/detail/photo/green-tree-frog-close-portrait-with-eyes-high-res-stock-photography/150968312)? (Same for later: 「泰然と目を真一文字にしている。」)\n 2. これ以上は閉じられないほど： \"To the point that [the eyes] couldn't be closed any more than this\"? Does this means that the eyes are completely closed, or that they are eyes that can only close up to a point?\n 3. 眼の所が： What's the role of の所 here? Is it \"the area of the eyes\", or just an abstract noun (形式名詞) thing?\n 4. 眼の所が少し **高くなっている** が： What does this mean? That the eyes are protuberant/salient? If so, why does it connect with adversative が to the next sentence?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-17T18:05:06.080",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30485",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-17T22:08:22.270",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-17T18:36:28.000",
"last_editor_user_id": "622",
"owner_user_id": "622",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"words",
"idioms",
"formal-nouns"
],
"title": "Vocabulary doubts: 「眼の所が少し高くなっているが、［…］一文字に結んでいる。」",
"view_count": 75
} | [
{
"body": "1. 一文字に結んでいる \nAs you guessed, completely closed. Not only supported by the context, but also\nby the verb 結ぶ, that means to make two things join each other, thus \"shut\nclosely\". 一文字【いちもんじ】 is a depiction of a straight line so thin that barely has\na width.\n\n 2. これ以上は閉じられないほど \nDepends on context, but here the eyelids are shut to the end, as a consequence\nof #1.\n\n 3. 眼の所が \nIt is a 形式名詞, but maybe not quite what you thought. Basically you want to\nassume `noun + ところ` as \"where _noun_ **is** \", thus in this case it's \"where\nthe eyes are\" or \"around the eyes\".\n\n 4. 眼の所が少し高くなっているが \nYou're right, it's \"protuberant/salient\", but が doesn't only means _but_. Its\nbaseline is making \"gap\" or \"shift\" from the flow of previous clause\n(「もしもし、田中です **が** 、どちら様でしょうか？」). Here it seems to be serving for grammar\nrather than meaning, connecting the before and the after like a crooked\nrelative construction. It's indeed used to [translate English continuative\nrelatives](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/20851/rendering-an-\nappositive-which-clause-in-japanese/20853#20853).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-17T22:08:22.270",
"id": "30490",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-17T22:08:22.270",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.740",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "30485",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 30485 | 30490 | 30490 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30492",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "From [here](http://www.weblio.jp/content/%E7%8F%8D%E9%81%93%E4%B8%AD)\n\n珍道中 読み方：ちんどうちゅう\n\nめずらしい旅。旅の途中で珍奇な出来事に **まま** 遭遇するような旅のこと。\n\nWhat does まま modify here, what clause(word?) is it part of?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-17T18:27:08.443",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30486",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-17T23:35:12.427",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12127",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "How is まま used here?",
"view_count": 160
} | [
{
"body": "As pointed out by @marasai in the comment, 「まま」, in this context, is an adverb\nmeaning \" ** _once in a while_** \". One could say it is synonymous to\n「ときどき」、「[時]{とき}として」, etc.\n\nSince it is an adverb, it modifies the following verb 「[遭遇]{そうぐう}する」(= to\nencounter).\n\nThis 「まま」 and the particle 「まま」(as in 「[立]{た}った **まま** [食]{た}べる」) are two\ndifferent words and they are pronounced differently.\n\nAdverb: 「まま{HL}」\n\nParticle: 「まま{LH}」\n\nNot to sound irrelevant: 「ママ{HL}」",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-17T23:35:12.427",
"id": "30492",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-17T23:35:12.427",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30486",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 30486 | 30492 | 30492 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "This has been bothering me for a long time. I'm not sure which words are used\nin Japan in modern times for refering to things like sex, cursing, and going\nto the bathroom, and I don't know of a good source to learn these things from.\nI haven't been able to find any non-blog-esque sources.\n\nMoreover, even if a source tells me that the word for sex or going to the\nbathroom are loan words, I'm left wondering what the words for these ideas\nwere before the usage of the loan words.\n\nThe fact that these ideas must have existed before Western influence makes me\nthink that I'm missing something.",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-17T19:51:20.730",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30488",
"last_activity_date": "2019-10-02T00:17:51.430",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12252",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"words",
"history"
],
"title": "History of Japanese \"Vulgar\" Vocabulary",
"view_count": 1228
} | [
{
"body": "I have no proper source to back this up, but what I've come to understand over\ntime is that because of the respectful nature of Japanese culture, the\nlanguage reflects this by not having straightforward words for these sorts of\nthings. It's just sort of implied in context. For things like cursing, I\nbelieve people would just insult in a different way, rather than using a\ncertain word set.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T03:25:37.563",
"id": "30503",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T03:25:37.563",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10795",
"parent_id": "30488",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -5
},
{
"body": "Loaner words have definitely taken a big bite out of Japanese, but the tried-\nand-true original words are always around. Unless reference is being made to a\nconcept that truly was not around in times before Western influence (like the\ntelevision, or computer, etc.), there will always be an original phrase or\nword that was used first and may still be more polite or formal to use.\n\nAs far as understanding vocabulary with regards to more taboo (for lack of a\nbetter word) subjects, the solution for you is to go more scientific when\nyou're searching for a word. There are absolutely words for using the restroom\nwhich may seem avoided simply because there is little reason to use them in\ndaily conversation and they may cause discomfort.\n\nI.e., imagine telling your friend very directly, \"I am going to the bathroom\nto urinate.\" Most would rather say something vague like \"I'm going to the\nrestroom/the men's room/the ladies' room\" or back in the day, the classic \"I\nneed to powder my nose.\" Some of us are more comfortable with directly\nexpressing that we are going to \"take a piss\" or \"have to pee\" and the like,\nbut in Japanese you will see that sort of directness in relation to vulgar\ntopics only in the younger crowd or very, very close friends/siblings.\n\nCurse words are of course very present, often the same as you can expect from\nthe English language--vulgar references to people, excrement, and the like--\nand a few surprises that are perhaps a bit more ancient that involve corpses.\nBut curse words are again more of the young in their use, or used in\nexpressing solitary frustration. If you want to be rude, you might just go for\na few subtle jabs by changing your conjugations. Or it's always fun to speak\nexcessive _keigo_ when you want to insult someone as it then comes off as\nsarcastic, \"yes, your majesty\"-esque. Honestly, rather than cursing at\nsomeone, it's more common to just speak more rudely to them, or just alter the\nway you say \"you\".\n\nAs for more sexual concepts, believe me the words are there. There will be\nmore technical or scientific words, and there will be artistic innuendo-laced\nphrases that protect Japanese subtlety (usually involving sharing pillows),\nand there will be much more to-the-point verbs like penetration or whatnot.\n\nModern Japanese loves its loaner words but it also loves its subtlety and its\ntradition. The words are there if you get yourself a good dictionary and study\nup. I recommend the app \"imiwa?\" because it more than covers any and all of\nyour questions about the versatility of the language and has a wide array of\nwords and idioms spanning history.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-07T14:23:46.420",
"id": "45327",
"last_activity_date": "2019-10-02T00:17:51.430",
"last_edit_date": "2019-10-02T00:17:51.430",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "20621",
"parent_id": "30488",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 30488 | null | 45327 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "In the ももたろう tale there's a sentence that goes like:\n\n> おじいさんが山{やま}へ木{き}を切{き}りにいけば、 \n> おばあさんは川{かわ}へせんたくにでかけます。\n\nWhich translates as\n\n> If the old man went to the mountain to cut trees \n> the old woman would go out to the river to wash clothes.\n\nIn the old woman's case the verb せんたく is presented in its dictionary form and\nis not modified by the particle に, which gives the sense of purpose (to go out\n_to_ do something). So why the same is not true for the old man? Why 木を切りに\ninstead of 木を切るに?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-17T21:37:07.937",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30489",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-20T05:54:24.233",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-20T05:39:44.663",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12253",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particles",
"verbs",
"conjugations",
"nouns"
],
"title": "木 を 切り に VS 木 を 切る に in the ももたろう tale",
"view_count": 163
} | [
{
"body": "[verb in masu-form + に行く] essentially means go to {place} to do {verb}\n\nSo, in this case :\n\nおじいさんは山に行く。\n\nThe old man is going to the mountain\n\n何故山に行くのか？\n\nWhy is he going to the mountain?\n\n木を切りに行く。\n\nHe's going to chop wood\n\nDoes that make things a little clearer?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-19T18:13:26.677",
"id": "30552",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-19T18:13:26.677",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4127",
"parent_id": "30489",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "In your case, you are asking about a specific construct: the use of\n\n> purposeに+verb of movement\n\nTo express:\n\n> Going somewhere to do something\n\nThis pattern can take two kinds of objects as purpose:\n\n * The ~ます stem of a verb: \"Going somewhere to _verb_ '. Note that is similar to _nominalizing_ the verb, see for example [this question](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/12970/%E5%A7%8B%E3%81%BE%E3%82%8B-%E5%A7%8B%E3%81%BE%E3%82%8A-is-there-a-rule-of-making-nouns-from-verbs-besides-nominalization).\n * A noun: \"Going somewhere to do _noun_ \"\n\nIn your case:\n\n * 洗濯{せんたく} is a noun, we can directly place it in front of に, hence 川へ洗濯に行く. Quite literally, \"going to the river to _do_ the laundry\".\n * 木｛き｝を切｛き｝る is a verb. Thus, we turn it into its ~ます stem, leading to 木を切りに行く. This time, meaning \"going to the river to _cut_ some wood\".\n\nNote that if you absolutely want to use a verb, you can use 洗濯する, which\nbecomes:\n\n> おばあさんは川へ洗濯 **し** にでかけます\n\nThis is much more infrequent, and I would advise against using it in general,\nunless the sentence is ambiguous without する.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-20T05:35:28.087",
"id": "30563",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-20T05:54:24.233",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.863",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "3614",
"parent_id": "30489",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 30489 | null | 30563 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30497",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The Japanese female names that end with \"i\" can be altered by adding \"n\" in\ntheir end. E.g.: \n\"Konami\" -> \"Konamin\" \n\"Mizuki\" -> \"Mizukin\" \n\"Narumi\" -> \"Narumin\" \n\"Chinami\" -> \"Chinamin\" \nI would like to understand what exact connotation this alternation has. Under\nwhat circumstances could I call a person by that altered name? Would that\ninfer any of my feelings to that person? Could that person not desire to be\ncalled by that name in the presence of the other people while considering it\nfine to be called by such name when having a private conversation? If yes,\nthen why?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-17T22:31:08.313",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30491",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T01:14:36.057",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9175",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"usage",
"slang",
"names",
"connotation"
],
"title": "What connotation does the ending -n to a Japanese female name have?",
"view_count": 8024
} | [
{
"body": "There are two \"different\" usages of the suffix 「ん」 in question.\n\n> Type #1: When the final 「ん」 is included in the girl's \"official\" nickname.\n\nThis means that the girl is already known to others by the nickname of\n「～～～ん/ン」; therefore, practically everyone who knows her addressess her by that\nnickname.\n\nIn this usage of 「ん」, there is little to no connotation involved. It is just\npart of her nickname and no one would think anything of it (including the girl\nherself) as there is no reason to.\n\nI would, however, not forget to mention the **cuteness factor** that the extra\nん-ending creates in the Japanese ear.\n\n> Type #2: When the final 「ん」 is attached only by a limited group of people.\n\nThis is obviously the case that you are referring to where only a small group\nof close friends and family address her with a 「ん/ン」 attached to her original\ngiven name.\n\nIn this case, all kinds of connotation can come into play. You SHOULD NOT\naddress the girl using the ん-ending just because you have seen/heard another\nperson doing so.\n\nThis usage is a clear sign of affection, deep friendship, love, etc. Some\ngirls actually let only their boyfriends use the ん-ending and do so only in\ntheir private conversations as well. As you probably know, affection, whether\nit is verbal or physical, is generally not displayed in public in the\nJapanese-speaking world.\n\nIn conclusion, one needs to know which of the two types of 「ん/ン」 it is before\nactually addressing a girl. Notice that it is the same for both Japanese-\nlearners and us native speakers. You could end up really embarrassing all\ninvolved including yourself if you used this \"suffix\" incorrectly.\n\nIf you are not sure whether you do or do not belong in the group that could\nuse the suffix with a ceratin girl, do not use it just yet. Spend some time\naround her and her friends and find out if it is the public 「ん」 or private\n「ん」. Or you could ask one of her friends.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T01:14:36.057",
"id": "30497",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T01:14:36.057",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30491",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 11
}
]
| 30491 | 30497 | 30497 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30496",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I've been initially told that ん is always pronounced like the **n** in pi\n**n** k. But I've been looking at this wikipedia page:\n<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Japanese#cite_note-stop-2>\n\nAnd it is saying that the ん in words like せ **ん** ぱい is pronounced as **m** as\nin **m** uch.\n\nSo is there any way to know if I should pronounce ん as **n** or **m** in a\nword?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-17T23:50:27.910",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30494",
"last_activity_date": "2021-05-01T17:32:16.193",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12121",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 11,
"tags": [
"pronunciation"
],
"title": "when is ん pronounced as \"m\"?",
"view_count": 18886
} | [
{
"body": "ん assimilates to the consonantal sounds that follow. If it is followed by 't'\nor 'd', then it is pronounced like an 'n'. If it is followed by 'p' or 'b', it\nis pronounced like 'm'. If followed by 'k' or 'g', then like 'ng' from 'sing'.\n\nIf ん is not followed by a consonant, then there isn't really a true English\nequivalent; it's more or less its own syllabic 'n'.\n\nBut technically, ん is never quite pronounced as in English since it always\nconstitutes a mora. So, in the example you gave せんぱい consists of four beats,\nand is pronounced more like 'se.mm.pa.i' (4 moras) than 'sem.pai' (2\nsyllables).",
"comment_count": 10,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T00:46:52.447",
"id": "30496",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T00:52:58.360",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-18T00:52:58.360",
"last_editor_user_id": "4875",
"owner_user_id": "4875",
"parent_id": "30494",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 13
},
{
"body": "Followed by m,p and b ん sound is pronounced as \"m\" Eg: さんぱ (sampo) Followed by\nk and g sounds it is pronounced as \"ng\" Eg: まんが (manga)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2021-05-01T17:32:16.193",
"id": "86419",
"last_activity_date": "2021-05-01T17:32:16.193",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "43769",
"parent_id": "30494",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
]
| 30494 | 30496 | 30496 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm reading a manga and having problems with a sentence. For context, one\ncharacter just recommended going after the leader of the monsters so as to\nprevent more damage to their town from happening. The main character's\nresponse is:\n\n> 成程。上を失えば化け物と言えど、烏合の集という訳か！\n\nI'm actually having problems with the entirety of this sentence, but\nespecially 上を失えば. The only thing I've guessed after looking various things up\nmay be that it means \"losing again\"? I know と言えど means something like \"having\nsaid that\", but probably because I'm confused about the beginning of the\nsentence I'm having problems parsing.\n\nSince it's in the same sentence I'll quickly also ask about 烏合の集. I can't find\nany info (I'm guessing this is a saying), and Google autocorrects this to\n烏合の衆. Can someone confirm that they mean the same thing? Thanks very much.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T00:42:41.763",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30495",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T01:42:17.253",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11274",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of 上を失えば & question about 烏合の集",
"view_count": 98
} | [
{
"body": "「[上]{うえ}」, in this context, means the \"boss\", \"leader\", etc.\n\n「上を[失]{うしな}えば」 means \"if they/you lost their/your boss/leader\". Not sure where\nyou get \"losing again\", really.\n\n「と言えど」 is a conditional/hypothetical expression.\n\nAnd yes, 「[烏合]{うごう}の[集]{しゅう}」 and 「烏合の衆」 mean the same thing. It literally\nmeans \"(just) a flock of crows\", and figuratively means a \"disorderly crowd\n(without a commander)\".\n\nThus the sentence means:\n\n> \"Ah, I see. Even if they were monsters, they would be just as good as a\n> disorderly crowd if they lost their leader!\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T01:42:17.253",
"id": "30498",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T01:42:17.253",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30495",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 30495 | null | 30498 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30525",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "hello, my lovelies! I found this from a song:\n\n> 嘘つくのは得意なんだ\n>\n> でも、本音は少し苦手 **でさ**\n>\n> おかしいね、いつだって\n>\n> 本当の話が一番嘘臭いんだよ\n\nI'm going to guess that it's a masculine or slang form of である with the さ\nparticle attached for emphasis (the singer is male). Just to be sure there are\nno other misunderstandings getting in the way though, here is my rough\ntranslation:\n\n> Telling lies is my forte\n>\n> But I'm kind of bad at (telling) the truth\n>\n> Funny, right?\n>\n> How my true tales are always the biggest stinking lies\n\nSo, I'm basically assuming that でさ here is just a slang way to say だ or です,\nbut please correct me if I'm wrong.\n\nMany thanks!",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T02:34:06.220",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30499",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T21:42:11.537",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "12000",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"particles",
"slang"
],
"title": "Sentence ending in ～でさ",
"view_count": 1581
} | [
{
"body": "で is a conjunctive (or adverbial) form of copula (だ or である) and さ is a filler.\n(Since this さ follows a conjunctive form, it's not a sentence ending\nparticle.) It's not particularly either masculine or feminine. The verb being\nthe conjunctive form means that the sentence doesn't end there.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T21:42:11.537",
"id": "30525",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T21:42:11.537",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "30499",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 30499 | 30525 | 30525 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I found these two phrases:\n\n> 彼らは熊 **を** [触]{さわ}る。\n>\n> 彼らは熊 **に** 触る。\n\nI don't see the difference between them, since both mean \"touching a bear.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T02:47:22.953",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30500",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-20T05:52:24.630",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "7387",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"particle-に",
"particle-を"
],
"title": "What's the difference between に and を in these phrases?",
"view_count": 568
} | [
{
"body": "There is no difference.\n\nBecause 触る is intransitive, only に should technically be correct. However, the\nlanguage has changed over time, and now you can find it with を sometimes.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T03:02:05.753",
"id": "30501",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T03:02:05.753",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9749",
"parent_id": "30500",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 30500 | null | 30501 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30504",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was taught that the て form of the verb ある is あって, but I sometimes see the\nword ありまして acting in the same way. What's the difference and when would you\nuse one or the other?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T03:20:41.930",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30502",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T14:26:45.497",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10795",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"conjugations",
"て-form"
],
"title": "What's the difference between あって vs ありまして?",
"view_count": 1607
} | [
{
"body": "「ありまして」is just a really polite form of 「あって」.\n\nIn the standard polite sentence, only the final verb is put into the polite\n-ます form, while the rest are in the regular dictionary forms:\n\n> 朝ご飯を食べてシャワーを浴びました。\n\nWhile often overkill, it is possible to put the other connecting verbs into\nthe -ます form as well. The resulting「まして」form has the same function as the\nregular connective -て form, just adding extra politeness- which is why it is\ncommon in keigo sentences.\n\n> 解説を読みましても、理解できません。\n\nAlso, although this isn't really a problem with ありまして, one thing you should be\naware of is that you cannot use the -まして in a request with ください.\n\n> × 私の作った料理を食べてみましてください \n> ○ 私の作った料理を食べてみてください",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T04:06:25.230",
"id": "30504",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T14:26:45.497",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-18T14:26:45.497",
"last_editor_user_id": "9749",
"owner_user_id": "9749",
"parent_id": "30502",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 30502 | 30504 | 30504 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30506",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The way of turning 赤 into an adjective is adding い, but what does it mean when\ninstead of a い you put a く？\n\nI found it in this phrase:\n\n> 私のリンゴは赤くありません。\n\nI get the meaning but not the meaning of く.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T04:21:19.617",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30505",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T10:57:03.197",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-18T10:57:03.197",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "7387",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"adverbs",
"i-adjectives"
],
"title": "What's the meaning of the く in 赤くありません?",
"view_count": 449
} | [
{
"body": "Keep in mind that Japanese \"adjectives\" function differently from English\nadjectives. You are in this case asking us about a い-adjective, 赤い. Those\nadjectives differ from the な-adjectives, for example 有名｛ゆうめい｝な:\n\n * The い or な is attached to those adjectives when used as epithets, i.e. they are attached to a noun: \n\n> 有名な人、赤いリンゴ.\n\n * な-adjectives are used with the copula, dropping the な: \n\n> この人は有名(です・でした・ではありません)\n\n * い-adjectives are \"conjugated\", you can use them without modifying the copula (sometimes even remove it entirely)! In your example\n\n> このリンゴは赤い(です)。\n\nIf you to turn this sentence into a negative one, you modify the adjective, by\nappending ～くない, i.e. `このリンゴは赤くない(です)`. See for example [this\npage](http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/grammar/adjectives) or [this\none](http://kimallen.sheepdogdesign.net/Japanese/adjectives.html).\n\n> このリンゴは赤いではありません。\n\nis **not** a correct sentence.\n\nThen, as mentioned in the related answer ～くありません is the polite form of ～くない.\nThus, it is the polite negative form of the adjective.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T05:29:35.950",
"id": "30506",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T10:54:33.760",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-18T10:54:33.760",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "3614",
"parent_id": "30505",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 30505 | 30506 | 30506 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30509",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Currently, the kanji used in registering names in Japan are restricted to\nthose from the 常用漢字 and the 人名用漢字 lists. Since this is the case, why do some\nnames include kanji not on the list like 澤 (for example 花澤香菜)? It's true that\n澤 is the 旧字体 form of 沢, which has been on the 常用 list since its inception in\n1981, but 澤 is not and does not seem to ever have been a valid name kanji. (Of\ncourse, 旧字体 on the 人名用 list like 彌 are allowed to be used in names, but 澤 is\nnot one of those.)\n\n[This answer](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/17562) provides some clues,\nstating that all 旧字体 forms of official characters are permitted in names, so 澤\nwould be allowed. However, the responses to [this\nquestion](http://oshiete.goo.ne.jp/qa/528360.html) seem to imply that only 旧字体\nthat are included in the 常用 or 人名用 lists are permitted, so 澤 would not be\nallowed.\n\nTherefore, why does 花澤香菜 have 澤 in her name? Is there a surname exception that\nallows 旧字体 to be used? Was there a law change between 1989 (her birth year)\nand the present that prevented the use of 旧字体? Was 澤 actually once included in\nthe 人名用 list? Or is it something else entirely?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T09:47:34.767",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30507",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T13:34:37.723",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.397",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "12257",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"names",
"kyūjitai-and-shinjitai"
],
"title": "Use of 旧字体 in Japanese names",
"view_count": 1313
} | [
{
"body": "Perhaps it's simply because her family name, 花澤, had been used before [the use\nof 澤 was prohibited in 1948](http://dictionary.sanseido-\npubl.co.jp/wp/2010/01/14/sawa/). (BTW, 花澤香菜 is a 芸能人 but this seems to be her\nreal name.)\n\nYou _cannot_ use 澤 for given names of newly-born babies today. (i.e., 沢子 will\nbe accepted by the government, but 澤子 is not).\n\nHowever, kanji of existing names (including both family names and given names)\nwere not changed in the government registry after the law took effect. As a\nnatural consequence, there are many people who have kanji not listed on\ntoday's 常用/人名 kanji lists, especially in their family names.\n\nSome people take pride in having 旧字体/異体字 family names and keep on using them\nwhenever possible (which can be troublesome because some of them even don't\nhave character codes). But some people choose to use 常用漢字 versions in their\neveryday life while still having 旧字体 names registered in the government\n([which can be\ntroublesome](http://www.jineko.net/forum/%E3%81%99%E3%81%B9%E3%81%A6%E3%81%AE%E5%BA%83%E5%A0%B4/48855/),\ntoo). Fortunately, it's possible to change kanji registered in the family\nregistry from 旧字体 to 新字体 ([with a rather simple\nprocedure](http://oshiete.goo.ne.jp/qa/1467318.html)), but unless one does\nthat, they will inherit the family name from their parents which may contain\n旧字体 kanji.\n\nAs for 澤, it's a very common kanji found in family names, and I think most\npeople are even unaware that it's not 人名漢字.",
"comment_count": 9,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T10:35:42.933",
"id": "30509",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T11:30:19.187",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-18T11:30:19.187",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "30507",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 30507 | 30509 | 30509 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Consider the following sentences:\n\n> A: 七時に学校へ行きます。\n>\n> B: 今日学校へ行きません。\n\nI think both 七時 and 今日 are nouns. What I don't understand is why 七時 (as in A)\nneeds に but 今日 (as in B) does not.\n\nCan anybody here explain the reason? One more question, does 七時に become an\nadverb?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T11:11:31.857",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30510",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T13:16:14.570",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11192",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Why does 七時 need に but 今日 does not?",
"view_count": 291
} | [
{
"body": "As strawberry jam has said, it's the same reason as why you would translate\nthem respectively as \"I go to school at nine o'clock\" and \"Today I don't go to\nschool\" (where the に would fulfil the same function as the \"at\"). \nThis is, however, also a case of spoken language vs. grammatical language, as\nthe most correct way of writing B would be 今日は学校へ行きません。 今日 goes with は instead\nof に because 1)it affects the entirety of the sentence, while the 七時 in A\naffects only the verb, and 2) it's not an exact timeframe, but a broad one\n(Flaw's link may help to understand it better). \nWhen speaking, some particles tend to be dropped for certain uses either\nbecause those particles are the default for its context, like the は when\nstablishing the day (今日, 昨日, 明日, 一昨日, 明後日, 一昨昨日, 明明後日, which is \"today\",\n\"yesterday\", \"tomorrow\", \"the day before yesterady\", \"the day after tomorrow\",\n\"three days ago\", \"in three days\"), or to avoid possible repetitions, like the\nを with names that become verbs with する.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T13:01:18.547",
"id": "30512",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T13:16:14.570",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-18T13:16:14.570",
"last_editor_user_id": "9769",
"owner_user_id": "9769",
"parent_id": "30510",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 30510 | null | 30512 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "... and I don't know what it means. Searching for the term, I've found things\nlike 「戦士は目が命」, which seems to be related to the game Dragon Quest, and\n【Firefly Shop】人形は目が命！, on an Amazon product, that follow the same structure as\nwhat I'm looking for.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T13:07:08.293",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30513",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T14:01:04.663",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9769",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"words"
],
"title": "Found the expression 目が命 in a paperback I'm reading",
"view_count": 109
} | [
{
"body": "This is a way of saying \"X is most important\". For example:\n\n> 戦士は目が命\n>\n> 投手は肩が命\n\nI don't think it's very common but it's a nice way of saying that X is\ninvaluable for Y.\n\nCheck this out: <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sch9SXBaD7k>\n\nShe says:\n\n> 「芸能人は歯が命」",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T13:38:52.363",
"id": "30514",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T14:01:04.663",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "11176",
"parent_id": "30513",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 30513 | null | 30514 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30529",
"answer_count": 4,
"body": "Do they have the same meaning?\n\n> A: 宿｛しゅく｝題｛だい｝を **して行｛い｝かない** 生｛せい｝徒｛と｝が多｛おお｝いです。\n>\n> B: 宿｛しゅく｝題｛だい｝を **しないで行｛い｝く** 生｛せい｝徒｛と｝が多｛おお｝いです。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T14:30:34.283",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30515",
"last_activity_date": "2022-09-09T02:07:55.840",
"last_edit_date": "2022-09-08T08:58:02.707",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "11192",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"て-form",
"negation",
"scope"
],
"title": "して行｛い｝かない versus しないで行｛い｝く",
"view_count": 927
} | [
{
"body": "No, they are quite different.\n\nB is fairly normal, and means 'there are many students who go [to school, I\nassume] without doing their homework'. The doing part is negated, not the\ngoing - they still go to school, it's only the homework they don't do.\n\nA can instead be translated as 'there are many students who do their homework\nand then don't go'. The going is negated, not the doing; the negative doesn't\nextend over the whole phrase.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T19:53:12.023",
"id": "30520",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T19:53:12.023",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3639",
"parent_id": "30515",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "Sjiveru is right, but allow me to break it down a bit...\n\nThe て part indicates the verb is in te-form ( て形【けい】 in Japanese ). It has\nmany uses which you can review on your own, but the one I want to highlight\nhere is how it connects clauses or verbs together. This can be roughly\ntranslate the verb to \"and\" but also \"but\" like:\n\nケーキを食【た】べてコーヒーを飲【の】みました。\n\nI ate cake and drank coffee.\n\nケーキを食【た】べないでコーヒーを飲【の】みました。\n\nI didn't eat cake but drank coffee.\n\nSo, knowing this, let's look at your two sentences.\n\n> **宿題をして** 行かない生徒が多いです。\n\nThere are many students who **do their homework** but don't go (to school).\n\n> 宿題をしないで **行く** 生徒が多いです。\n\nThere are many students who don't do their homework and **go** (to school).\n\nIn each case, I made the **positive** statements bold, so you can kind of see\nwhat's going on. Does this make sense? If not, let me know.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T22:09:36.127",
"id": "30527",
"last_activity_date": "2022-09-09T02:07:55.840",
"last_edit_date": "2022-09-09T02:07:55.840",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "12000",
"parent_id": "30515",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "If sentence A has a comma like:\n\n> A: 宿題をして、行かない生徒が多いです。 \n> B: 宿題をしないで行く生徒が多いです。\n\nthen Sjiveru is right.\n\nHowever, it doesn't have a comma, so they have the same meaning. They mean\n\"There are many students who go without doing their homework.\" The して行かない\ndoesn't mean \"don't go\" but \"don't do their homework.\"",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-19T02:36:43.580",
"id": "30529",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-19T05:19:45.900",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-19T05:19:45.900",
"last_editor_user_id": "3097",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "30515",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
},
{
"body": "Sentence A:\n\n> A: 宿題をして行かない生徒が多いです。\n\nThis almost always means \"There are many students who go to school without\ndoing their homework.\" (ie, they go to school anyway)\n\nIn English, \"Don't drink and drive\" always means \"Don't drive after you\ndrink\", not \"Don't drink! Do drive!\" Here \"drink-and-drive\" is treated as one\nset. And \"Let's not go and see him\" usually does not mean \"Let's stay home,\nand let's see him instead.\"\n\nQuite similarly, in Sentence A, the ない negates \"宿題をして行く\" part as a whole.\nThat's why it's effectively the same as Sentence B.\n\nOther similar examples:\n\n * 遊んで暮らすな。 Don't live in idleness. (not \"Play! And don't live!\")\n * 物を口に入れて喋らないでください。 Please don't speak with your mouth full.\n * 物を口に入れて **、** 喋らないでください。 Please fill your mouth with food, and don't speak. (See the comma)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-19T05:35:22.370",
"id": "30534",
"last_activity_date": "2022-09-09T02:06:36.083",
"last_edit_date": "2022-09-09T02:06:36.083",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "30515",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 13
}
]
| 30515 | 30529 | 30534 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Passing a verb to its past tense conjugation and adding ら makes the sentence a\ncondition, right? Like\n\n> 暇だったら、遊びに行くよ - If I'm free, I will go to play.\n\nBut in the ももたろう tale the たら form is used differently in the sentence:\n\n> ある日、 おばあさん が 川 で せんたく を して いたら、 \n> ももがながれて きました\n\nThe translation I found states that \"one day, WHILE the old lady was at the\nriver doing the laundry a peach came floating by\" so my question is: Is this\ntranslation any good? Can the たら conditional be used to relate two actions\ntaking place at the same time? Can it be interpreted as 'while'?\n\nFurther ahead there's a sentence that says:\n\n> ひろって たべたら、 \n> なんとも おいしくて ほっぺた が おちそう。\n\nWhich translates as: She picked it up and ate it and, it was so delicious as\nif to make her cheeks fall.\n\nSo what is the role of たら here?\n\nThank you very much.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T14:51:21.303",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30516",
"last_activity_date": "2016-06-02T07:33:55.937",
"last_edit_date": "2016-05-02T16:00:39.907",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "12253",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"conditionals"
],
"title": "Other uses of the たら conditional",
"view_count": 606
} | [
{
"body": "Your first understanding is correct. The other usages you give are also\ncorrect and I would consider them good translations. While it is a\n'conditional' it has a broader meaning than just 'if'. Like in the latter\nexamples it is also used to indicate an event that occurred unexpectedly as a\nresult of another action, or linked to it in some way. In such cases there's\nan implication that without the first action, the second one wouldn't have\noccurred and it was not anticipated that the second event would occur and\noften when used like this it is translated as 'when' or 'while'.\n\nFor example:「一人で **歩いてたら** 、怖い男に話しかけられた。」ー”A scary guy approached me **when I\nwas walking** by myself.”\n\nHere you can see there are two things - walking and being approached by\nsomeone. It is implied that they would not have been approached had they not\nbeen walking and it's as a result of being out walking by themselves that they\nwere approached and this was not expected to have happened.\n\nIn the last example you give たら is indicating that they were not expecting it\nto be so delicious their cheeks fell off but when they ate it, they discovered\nthat was the case.\n\nSo as you can see in all these examples B is always 'conditional' on A.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T19:39:28.980",
"id": "30519",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T19:39:28.980",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12106",
"parent_id": "30516",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
},
{
"body": "「・・・たら」 is used in different ways of (1) conditional as in the case of\n「暇だったら、遊びに行く」 and (2) conjugate as in the cases of 「洗濯 を して いたら、桃が流れてきた」 and\n「拾って食べたら、美味しかった」.\n\nHere are some examples:\n\n[Conditional]\n\n> * もっと勉強し **たら** 、東大に入れる - If you study harder, you can get into Tokyo\n> University.\n>\n> * もし癌だっ **たら** 、大変だ - If it’s cancer, it’s a big trouble.\n>\n> * 結婚式を終わっ **たら** 、ハワイ旅行に出かける - If we go through a wedding ceremony, we’ll\n> go to Hawaii.\n>\n>\n\n[Conjugate]\n\n> * 運転してい **たら** 、前の車にぶつかった - As I was driving a car, I bumped into a car\n> running ahead of me.\n>\n> * 電車に乗っ **たら** 、偶然席が空いていた - When I got into the train, there was an\n> unexpectedly unoccupied seat.\n>\n> * 難しい哲学の本を読んでい **たら** 、頭痛がした - As I was reading a difficult book of\n> philosophy, I felt a headache.\n>\n>",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-06-02T06:11:15.330",
"id": "34573",
"last_activity_date": "2016-06-02T07:33:55.937",
"last_edit_date": "2016-06-02T07:33:55.937",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "12056",
"parent_id": "30516",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 30516 | null | 30519 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30528",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "I've seen many texts where verbs ends in く and this remind me the\ntransformation from i-adj to adverbs where we simply change い --> く\n\nThis is the sentence I'm struggling with: ミトがいらないなら買う必要なくね?\n\nI understand the general meaning. I would translate it as: \"If you (Mito)\ndon't need it, it is not necessary to buy it right?\". But the way I would\nwrite this in Japanese would be:\n\nミトがいらないなら買う必要ないでしょう？\n\nWhy ない is converted to なく? I've seen this in many other sentences.\n\nThank you!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T18:38:34.153",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30518",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T22:50:45.413",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-18T21:00:26.880",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9478",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"colloquial-language",
"adverbs",
"negation"
],
"title": "Adverbial transformation in verbs",
"view_count": 270
} | [
{
"body": "What you're seeing in these sentences is most likely omission. The full\nsentence would be:\n\n> ミトが要らないなら買う必要なくなる\n\n[Click here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/28632/what-does-\nverb-%E3%81%8F%E3%81%AA%E3%82%8B-imply-or-mean) for a more detailed\nexplanation of this form\n\n**EDIT:**\n\nなくない didn't come into mind when I was answering, but thinking about it now I\nbelieve it's more likely than なくなる(although I have seen such omissions\nbefore).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T21:25:08.303",
"id": "30523",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T22:50:45.413",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-18T22:50:45.413",
"last_editor_user_id": "11176",
"owner_user_id": "11176",
"parent_id": "30518",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "It's colloquialism of 買う必要なくない？, which is double negation (\"Isn't it needless\nto buy?\"). The former ない has conjugated to the adverbial form なく to modify the\nlatter ない.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T22:05:38.260",
"id": "30526",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T22:05:38.260",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "30518",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "This is actually a masculine-ish way to say 'there's no need, is there?'\n\nIt's the product of two phenomena:\n\nFirst, it's common to ask questions you expect a 'yes' answer to with some\nsort of negation marker (different negator choices create different\nconnotations); when you expect a 'no' answer, you do the same thing to a\nnegative verb. Thus:\n\n> Expected answer: 必要ない\n>\n> ↳ Question expecting answer: 必要なくない？\n\nThis sort of negating-a-negative strategy specifically has a sense of not\nquite being sure the answer you expect is true, or at least seeking\nconfirmation that it is in fact true. (This specific strategy doesn't seem to\nbe valid for verbs and adjectives that aren't already negative; you would use\nlike 必要あるじゃない？ or maybe 必要あるだろう？ to get the same effect.)\n\nSecond, it's a feature of colloquial masculine speech to turn /ai/ sequences\ninto /ee/ (though mostly outside of word roots; もんだいねえ is normal but もんでえねえ is\nextremely unusual). This one's been truncated due to being at the end of a\nsentence; that happens in written colloquial speech a lot (cf でしょ？).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T22:43:46.383",
"id": "30528",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-18T22:43:46.383",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "3639",
"parent_id": "30518",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 30518 | 30528 | 30526 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm reading a paper about linguistics when it comes to learning a second\nlanguage. I came across this sentence:\n\n> 典型的な **動詞修飾副詞** であることと、その基本位置は用言の前であり、移動範囲は述部内であることがわかった。\n\nI have tried searching for a definition of 動詞修飾副詞 but can't come up with\nanything, and my grasp on grammar is pretty weak to begin with so it's not\nringing any bells. I literally break down the compound to mean \"verb\" +\n\"modify\" + \"adverb\", which still doesn't make sense to me as I'm not aware of\nany adverbs that modify verbs, but again, my grammar knowledge isn't up to\nsnuff. Would appreciate any ideas on this to learn this concept, thanks.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-18T21:23:25.797",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30522",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-19T10:28:12.443",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11274",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"definitions"
],
"title": "Is 動詞修飾副詞 a grammatical term?",
"view_count": 128
} | [
{
"body": "Yes and no, I would say.\n\n'Yes', in the sense that the term seems to exist, and 'no', in the sense that\nit is not a very commonly-used term. In fact, this is probably the first time\nI have heard the term 「[動詞修飾副詞]{どうししゅうしょくふくし}」. The only reason that the term\n\"feels\" kind of familiar despite the fact that I may not have heard it before\nwould be that its meaning is completely self-explanatory -- 「動詞を修飾する副詞」\n\nAssuming that you are talking about Japanese grammar, the far more common term\nis 「[状態副詞]{じょうたいふくし}」. Those are adverbs that mostly, if not exclusively,\nmodify verbs such as 「やっと」、「すぐに」、「わざわざ」, etc. These adverbs describe how one\nperforms an action, how something happens, etc.\n\n状態副詞 do not modify adjectives. There may be exceptional cases but I could not\nthink of one at the moment. It would be super-rare.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-19T03:07:32.880",
"id": "30530",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-19T03:07:32.880",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30522",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "As pointed out in the comments, most 副詞 (adverb) modify verbs (e.g., \"run\n**fast** \", \" **しばらく** 眠る\"; Adverbs indicated with bold). You don't usually\nhave to use such a term as 動詞修飾副詞 (≒\"verb-modifying adverb\") when you casually\ntalk about grammar in a site like this.\n\nHowever, some adverbs modify adjectives (e.g., \" **surprisingly** cheap\", \"\n**とても** 大きい\"). Some adverbs modifies following sentences as a whole (this is\nknown as 文副詞; see\n[this](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disjunct_\\(linguistics\\))). Some adverbs\nmodifies other adverbs (e.g., \"It's **very** **easily** done\", where _very_ is\nan adverb which modifies _easily_ which is another adverb).\n\nSo, when the common, verb-modifying adverbs are discussed _in contrast with_\nother types of adverbs, 動詞修飾副詞 would be a natural way to refer to the verb-\nmodifying ones.\n\n動詞修飾副詞 sounds closer to \"verb-modifying adverb\", while 動詞を修飾する副詞 literally\nmeans \"adverb that modifies verb\" -- both refer to the same thing. When this\nidea is discussed repeatedly, or when the author thinks this is a common idea\n(if not an established term), then particles like を tends to be omitted. Also\nsee [this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/21166/5010).",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-19T04:23:50.107",
"id": "30532",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-19T10:28:12.443",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.157",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "30522",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
]
| 30522 | null | 30530 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30535",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Consider the following categories of bus numbers:\n\n * Number only - 11\n * Number suffixed or prefixed with a character - 11E or E11\n * Character only - A\n\n**(Question)** How common are buses with letters/characters in Japanese? Do\nletters come before or after the number? Can the characters be English letters\nor hiragana/katakana/kanji?\n\n* * *\n\nI am familiar with `_番のバス` where the blank is for the number of the bus.\n\n**(Question)** How frozen is `番のバス`? What happens if the blank is not a\nnumber. Do I change 番 if it is not a number and say `A字のバス`? What about the\ncombination cases for bus 11E or E11?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-19T04:32:48.093",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30533",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-19T06:23:34.380",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "542",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words"
],
"title": "Lettered Bus Numbers",
"view_count": 453
} | [
{
"body": "**(Question 1)**\n\nBuses in metropolitan areas are commonly (usually?) marked with numbers and\nletters. I don't know the statistical figure, but most buses have one number,\npossibly combined with one kanji or alphabet, followed by the destinations\n(eg. `茶51 秋葉原駅前`, `②つくばセンター`). Buses in rural areas may only have their\ndestinations (eg. `湯涌温泉(行)`).\n\n**(Question 2)**\n\n番 can only follow a number. `2番のバス` is OK but `2のバス` sounds a bit weird.\n`A番のバス` is wrong and `Aのバス`/`Aと書かれたバス` is correct. `A字のバス` is uncommon and\nsounds like \"A-shaped bus\" to me. `E11番のバス` is acceptable but `E11のバス` is\nbetter.\n\nNote that `2番のバス` may either mean a bus marked with 2 on the destination sign,\nor a bus coming to / departing from the platform number 2. It depends on the\nsituation.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-19T06:23:34.380",
"id": "30535",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-19T06:23:34.380",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "30533",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 30533 | 30535 | 30535 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Is this sentence correct?\n\n> 去年は日本へ行ったことがあります。",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-19T07:42:38.633",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30536",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-01T03:07:30.840",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-01T03:07:30.840",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "12143",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"english-to-japanese"
],
"title": "Is this sentence correct? 去年は日本へ行ったことがあります。",
"view_count": 505
} | [
{
"body": "Saying [動詞の過去形+ことがある] pretty much means \"I have {verb} before\"\n\nYour sentence is akin to saying \"Last year I have {verb} before\" which doesn't\nmake sense, as \"done {verb} before\" is a generic past tense phrase that\ndoesn't refer to any specific point or period\n\nIt's the same in Japanese. You're essentially using a specific point in time\nor time period which refers to the past in a general way.\n\nHopefully that makes some sense :P",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-19T17:21:22.383",
"id": "30548",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-19T17:21:22.383",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4127",
"parent_id": "30536",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "> 「[去年]{きょねん}は[日本]{にほん}へ[行]{い}ったことがあります。」\n\nIf I had to label this sentence as either 'correct' or 'incorrect' and\n**_nothing in between_** , I would certainly go with 'incorrect'. At least,\nthis is not a sentence that a careful native speaker or writer would produce\nin a natural setting.\n\n> Problem #1: 「去年 **は** 」\n\nTo use 「は」 correctly with a time word, you need to be comparing two or more\ntime frames. If you are talking about where you went **_last year_** and where\nyou went **_the year before_** , for instance, you can use this 「は」.\n\nAnother correct usage of 「去年 **は** 」 is when you want to **_topicalize_**\n\"last year\" and list the things that you did within that particular year.\n\nFor simply stating \"I went to (place) last year.\", however, we normally would\nnot use 「去年は」. We would just use 「去年」.\n\n> Problem #2: 「行ったことがある」\n\n「ことがある」 expresses one's past experience in doing something. The time frame is\nbetween your birth and the present moment. In English, one might say \"I have\nbeen to China twice.\", \"Have you eaten crocodile meat before?\", etc. That is\nthe general feeling of 「～～たことがある」.\n\nTo simply state that you did something, for instance, 'yesterday' or 'last\nyear', you would **_not_** use 「～～たことがある」. Instead, you would use the simple\npast tense as in 「行った」,「[食]{た}べた」,「[見]{み}た」, etc.\n\nSo, the \"correct\" sentence meaning \"I went to Japan last year.\" would be:\n\n> 「去年日本に（or へ）行きました。」\n\n**_Exceptions:_**\n\nNative speakers occasionally DO USE 「～～たことがある」 **_in retrospect_** with a time\nword when talking about something that one did at least a few years ago.\n\nWe might say: 「１０[年前]{ねんまえ}にハワイに行っ **たことがあります** が、とてもよかったです。」, and not many\npeople would think anything of it.\n\nBut only a very small group of people would say: 「去年ハワイに行ったことがあります。」\n\nPractically no one would say 「去年 **は** ハワイに行ったことがあります。」. That would just sound\nso unnatural coming from a native speaker.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-19T23:23:25.317",
"id": "30557",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-20T00:32:14.877",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-20T00:32:14.877",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "30536",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 30536 | null | 30557 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30538",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "[This disaster response website](http://map.bousai.metro.tokyo.jp/) has a map\nwith a checkbox that visitors can click to display all the 避難所{ひなんじょ} in the\narea. And then there is another checkbox to display all the 避難場所{ひなんばしょ}:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/LDdUh.png)\n\nBoth translate as \"shelter\" in my dictionary. \nWhat is the difference between the two?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-19T10:40:12.970",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30537",
"last_activity_date": "2016-05-19T03:00:06.020",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "107",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"words",
"nuances"
],
"title": "Difference between 避難所 and 避難場所",
"view_count": 153
} | [
{
"body": "避難所 is a building with a roof (often a school) where people can stay/sleep\n(potentially for a few days) if their house is destroyed or somehow\nunreachable.\n\n避難場所 is an open air space (often a park) where people must flee until they are\nsure that standing in their house is not dangerous (collapsing, fire).\n\nReference: \n<http://www.bousai.metro.tokyo.jp/bousai/1000029/1000316.html>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-19T10:40:12.970",
"id": "30538",
"last_activity_date": "2016-05-19T03:00:06.020",
"last_edit_date": "2016-05-19T03:00:06.020",
"last_editor_user_id": "107",
"owner_user_id": "107",
"parent_id": "30537",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
}
]
| 30537 | 30538 | 30538 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "This is the sentence:\n\n> 彼は英語を勉強したことがなく、アルファベットさえ読めない\n\nI would write something like:\n\n> 彼は英語を勉強したことがないのでアルファベットさえ読めない\n\nI understand that you don't necessarily need ので, but why does it terminate the\nnegative form in く rather than leaving as it should be? For any reason he\nwanted to convert it into adverb?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-19T11:30:57.740",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30539",
"last_activity_date": "2022-01-28T22:21:18.190",
"last_edit_date": "2022-01-28T22:21:18.190",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "9478",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"adverbs",
"negation"
],
"title": "Why this negative form ends in く?",
"view_count": 149
} | [
{
"body": "It's the continuative form (連用形) of i-adjectives (形容詞). It's the same as the\nて形 in this case. It is just that in formal writing the rule is to use 連用形\ninstead of て形.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-19T11:41:24.803",
"id": "30541",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-19T11:41:24.803",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4216",
"parent_id": "30539",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "There's no causal link between the two sentences. It just simply says, \"He\nhasn't studied English; he can't even read the alphabet.\"\n\nThere's no particular reason to assume an inability to speak English would\nentail a lack of knowledge about the alphabet.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-20T05:30:02.463",
"id": "30562",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-20T05:30:02.463",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4875",
"parent_id": "30539",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 30539 | null | 30541 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "30542",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I searched google, jisho, and yahoo. I couldn't find a proper pronunciation\nfor 初商業誌.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-19T11:32:04.133",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "30540",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-20T04:35:09.203",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-20T04:35:09.203",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"readings",
"compounds",
"prefixes"
],
"title": "How do I read 初商業誌?",
"view_count": 867
} | [
{
"body": "It's read as はつしょうぎょうし.\n\nYou can never find it in dictionaries because it's actually three words:\n\n * 初【はつ】: first ([jisho.org](http://jisho.org/word/%E5%88%9D))\n * 商業誌【しょうぎょうし】: commercial book/magazine (often as opposed to [dōjinshi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%8Djinshi)) \n * 商業【しょうぎょう】: commerce ([jisho.org](http://jisho.org/word/%E5%95%86%E6%A5%AD))\n * 誌【し】: (suffix) magazine ([jisho.org](http://jisho.org/word/%E8%AA%8C))\n\n初商業誌 is typically used when a dōjin manga-ka makes a debut on a magazine\navailable in the commercial market.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-19T12:11:46.317",
"id": "30542",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-19T12:16:55.183",
"last_edit_date": "2016-01-19T12:16:55.183",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "30540",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 12
},
{
"body": "Just ask Google translate to detect the language, then hit 'Translate'. Google\ntranslate can be pretty sucky from time to time so don't treat it as gospel,\nbut use it as a translation aid:\n\n[https://translate.google.fr/?pli=1#auto/en/初商業誌](https://translate.google.fr/?pli=1#auto/en/%E5%88%9D%E5%95%86%E6%A5%AD%E8%AA%8C)\n\n\"The first commercial magazine\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-01-19T23:54:58.290",
"id": "30559",
"last_activity_date": "2016-01-19T23:54:58.290",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12276",
"parent_id": "30540",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -2
}
]
| 30540 | 30542 | 30542 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.