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[ { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "My strongest memory of a trip to England revolves around a single song. Our show-stopper piece that year was a song called ‘The Rhythm of Life’ — fun lyrics, an upbeat tempo, and a gorgeous arrangement that made every part fun to sing had quickly made it a favorite, and we’d all become quite fond of ending our concerts with this number.", "precise_score": 3.803067684173584, "rough_score": 5.671499729156494, "source": "search", "title": "The Rhythm of Life - Eclecticism - MichaelHanscom.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "My strongest memory of the trip, though, revolves around a single song. Our show-stopper piece that year was a song called “The Rhythm of Life” — fun lyrics, an upbeat tempo, and a gorgeous arrangement that made every part fun to sing had quickly made it a favorite, and we’d all become quite fond of ending our concerts with this number.", "precise_score": 3.75260853767395, "rough_score": 6.313332557678223, "source": "search", "title": "The Rhythm of Life - Eclecticism - MichaelHanscom.com" }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "Rhythm Of Life (from Sweet Charity)", "precise_score": 1.5311754941940308, "rough_score": -0.21094712615013123, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm Of Life (from Sweet Charity) Sheet Music By Cy ..." }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "Rhythm of Life (from Sweet Charity)", "precise_score": 1.5311754941940308, "rough_score": -0.21094712615013123, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm Of Life (from Sweet Charity) Sheet Music By Cy ..." }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "Customers Who Bought Rhythm of Life (from Sweet Charity) Also Bought:", "precise_score": 0.296109676361084, "rough_score": -1.922147274017334, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm Of Life (from Sweet Charity) Sheet Music By Cy ..." }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "Preview: Rhythm of Life (from Sweet Charity)", "precise_score": 2.009150743484497, "rough_score": -0.5584438443183899, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm Of Life (from Sweet Charity) Sheet Music By Cy ..." }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "Rhythm of Life (from Sweet Charity)", "precise_score": 1.5311754941940308, "rough_score": -0.21094712615013123, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm Of Life (from Sweet Charity) Sheet Music By Cy ..." }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "Sweet Charity: The Rhythm of Life - YouTube", "precise_score": 1.2407763004302979, "rough_score": 0.6948086023330688, "source": "search", "title": "Sweet Charity: The Rhythm of Life - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "Sweet Charity: The Rhythm of Life", "precise_score": 1.2402844429016113, "rough_score": 0.09209024161100388, "source": "search", "title": "Sweet Charity: The Rhythm of Life - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "The Broadway musical Sweet Charity did not undergo the kind of drastic revision in its adaptation to the screen suffered by some shows, but it was revised by the same creative team that had brought it to the stage. Four songs -- \"You Should See Yourself,\" \"Too Many Tomorrows,\" \"I'm the Bravest Individual,\" and \"Baby Dream Your Dream\" -- were deleted, and replaced with the two newly written ones -- \"My Personal Property\" and \"It's a Nice Face\" -- and the title song was given a new melody. The resulting soundtrack album was, as a result, substantially shorter than the Original Broadway Cast album, and far less complete. Far more problematic, the outstanding Gwen Verdon , for whom the show was created, was replaced on-screen by the only adequate, but supposedly bankable Shirley MacClaine. And, although Sammy Davis Jr. had only one scene, in which he sang the gospel-tinged \"the Rhythm of Life\" (accounting for less than ten percent of the soundtrack's running time), in true Hollywood fashion he was given equal star billing with MacClaine. Caught in the late-'60s backlash against big-budget movie musicals, Sweet Charity was a bomb at the box office, though it has come to be a cult favorite because it shows off choreography by director Bob Fosse . The soundtrack album is vastly inferior to the Original Broadway Cast album, but fans of songwriters Cy Coleman and Dorothy Fields will want to hear the new songs.", "precise_score": -2.4395830631256104, "rough_score": -0.6828718185424805, "source": "search", "title": "Sweet Charity [Motion Picture Soundtrack] - Cy Coleman ..." }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "Piano solo of Cy Colemans \"Rythmn of life\" from the musical \"Sweet Charity\", 6 pages long so I had a go at splicing and trimming the \"page tunovers\". lovely piece to play,hope you enjoy it.x", "precise_score": -0.8608821630477905, "rough_score": -2.9872567653656006, "source": "search", "title": "Rythmn of life.Piano Solo - YouTube" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "The Rhythm of Life – Eclecticism", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.009258270263672, "source": "search", "title": "The Rhythm of Life - Eclecticism - MichaelHanscom.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "The Rhythm of Life", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.41262149810791, "source": "search", "title": "The Rhythm of Life - Eclecticism - MichaelHanscom.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "We sang a short selection of the pieces in our repertoire and, as had become standard, ended with “The Rhythm of Life”. We were all arranged on the steps in front of the altar, and as the song progressed, the clouds that had been obscuring the sky that morning parted, sending warm golden light through the windows of the church. The church building itself seemed to be acoustically perfect, taking our voices and wrapping them around us and the congregation and on up into the rafters and beyond. Renda’s smile grew wider as she watched “her kids” give the performance of a lifetime that day. Her eyes started to glisten, and soon started to overflow with tears of pure joy in the moment — and by the end of the song, most of the choir had joined her (and I’m not at all ashamed to admit that nearly twenty years later, I’m getting a bit misty eyed reliving the memory as I write this down).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.259195327758789, "source": "search", "title": "The Rhythm of Life - Eclecticism - MichaelHanscom.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "Over the years, that song (and that day) has popped into my head from time to time, nearly always guaranteeing a smile, no matter what I’m doing. This morning I came across an incredibly clever ad from Guinness (6Mb QT .mov, linked to the right) that uses an arrangement of “The Rhythm of Life” as its music track. Noticing a few differences in the lyrics from what I’d learned, I went searching to see what I could find out about the song.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.736078262329102, "source": "search", "title": "The Rhythm of Life - Eclecticism - MichaelHanscom.com" }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "As it turns out, the original version of the song comes from the Bob Fosse musical “ Sweet Charity ” (first premiered in 1966, and currently running on Broadway — starring Christina Applegate), and is far different from the version I learned. Here’s a look at the lyrics of the two versions (thanks to this page , though I’m sure that there are some lyrics missing from the choral version):", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.510837554931641, "source": "search", "title": "The Rhythm of Life - Eclecticism - MichaelHanscom.com" }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "Sweet Charity version", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.457572937011719, "source": "search", "title": "The Rhythm of Life - Eclecticism - MichaelHanscom.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "Arnold Soboloff \"The Rhythm of Life\" Sheet Music in F Major (transposable) - Download & Print - SKU: MN0055609", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.383386611938477, "source": "search", "title": "Arnold Soboloff \"The Rhythm of Life\" Sheet Music in F ..." }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "The Arrangement Details Tab gives you detailed information about this particular arrangement of The Rhythm of Life - not necessarily the song.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.350245475769043, "source": "search", "title": "Arnold Soboloff \"The Rhythm of Life\" Sheet Music in F ..." }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "This hit from the Broadway musical and motion picture Sweet Charity has wowed audiences for over two decades. A StudioTrax CD is available featuring a brand new recording. With multiple voicings and separate choreography available, this proven winner is extremely versatile. Get your concert moving with this positive and energetic piece! Available separately: SATB, SSA, TTBB, SAB, Choreography, StudioTrax CD.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.7727742195129395, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm Of Life (from Sweet Charity) Sheet Music By Cy ..." }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "This hit from the Broadway musical and motion picture Sweet Charity has wowed audiences for over two decades. A StudioTrax CD is available featuring a brand new recording. With multiple voicings and separate choreography available, this proven winner is extremely versatile. Get your concert moving with this positive and energetic piece! Available separately: SATB, SSA, TTBB, SAB, Choreography, StudioTrax CD.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.7727742195129395, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm Of Life (from Sweet Charity) Sheet Music By Cy ..." }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "Sweet Charity the Musical", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.928868293762207, "source": "search", "title": "Sweet Charity the Musical" }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "In another twist of fate, Charity finds herself stuck in an elevator with a tax accountant named Oscar Lindquist, and she allays his fears with “I’m the Bravest Individual.” They are eventually rescued, and Oscar persuades Charity to visit his hippie church, where they sing “The Rhythm of Life.” When Oscar tries to guess Charity’s profession, he decides she works for a bank and she claims he is correct. Besotted once again, Charity agrees to start dating Oscar, who now calls her “Sweet Charity.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.512574195861816, "source": "search", "title": "Sweet Charity the Musical" }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "Adlington Music and Arts Society (AMAS)'s production of Sweet Charity, October 2008.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.992648124694824, "source": "search", "title": "Sweet Charity: The Rhythm of Life - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "Sweet Charity [Motion Picture Soundtrack] - Cy Coleman | Songs, Reviews, Credits | AllMusic", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.460033416748047, "source": "search", "title": "Sweet Charity [Motion Picture Soundtrack] - Cy Coleman ..." }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "Sweet Charity [Motion Picture Soundtrack]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.045697212219238, "source": "search", "title": "Sweet Charity [Motion Picture Soundtrack] - Cy Coleman ..." }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "Sweet Charity (1969) - IMDb", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.963479995727539, "source": "search", "title": "Sweet Charity (1969) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "Search for \" Sweet Charity \" on Amazon.com", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.407814025878906, "source": "search", "title": "Sweet Charity (1969) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "Men called her \"Sweet Charity\" See more  »", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.037964820861816, "source": "search", "title": "Sweet Charity (1969) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "Sweet Charity: The Adventures of a Girl Who Wanted to Be Loved See more  »", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.506749153137207, "source": "search", "title": "Sweet Charity (1969) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "John McMartin was nominated for the 1966 Tony Award (New York City) for Supporting or Features Actor in a Musical for \"Sweet Charity\" and recreated his role on the movie version. See more »", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.399334907531738, "source": "search", "title": "Sweet Charity (1969) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "While \"Sweet Charity\" was being filmed, almost 40 years ago, Shirley MacLaine was a song and dance actress with a body and matching charm that wouldn't quit.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.779882907867432, "source": "search", "title": "Sweet Charity (1969) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Sweet Charity", "passage": "In hindsight, MacLaine's career may have been royally jump-started by \"Sweet Charity.\" As a dance hall hooker, more or less, her character, Charity Hope Valentine, was looking for Mr. Goodbar--a man with money to marry.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.116156578063965, "source": "search", "title": "Sweet Charity (1969) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "Spread the relgion of the rhythm of life.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.487871170043945, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm of Life - xiaonan.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "For the rhythm of life is a powerful beat,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.7854156494140625, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm of Life - xiaonan.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "And the rhythm of life is a powerful beat!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.815980911254883, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm of Life - xiaonan.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "(To feel the rhythm of life,)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.987130641937256, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm of Life - xiaonan.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "For the rhythm of life is a poweful beat,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.040112018585205, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm of Life - xiaonan.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "And the rhythm of life is a powerful beat!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.815980911254883, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm of Life - xiaonan.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "(To feel the rhythm of life,)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.987130641937256, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm of Life - xiaonan.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "For the rhythm of life is a poweful beat,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.040112018585205, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm of Life - xiaonan.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "And the rhythm of life is a powerful beat!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.815980911254883, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm of Life - xiaonan.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "O, the rhythm of life is a powerful beat,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.6883931159973145, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm of Life - xiaonan.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "And the rhythm of life is a powerful beat!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.815980911254883, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm of Life - xiaonan.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "(To feel the rhythm of life,)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.987130641937256, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm of Life - xiaonan.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "O, the rhythm of life is a powerful beat,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.6883931159973145, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm of Life - xiaonan.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "And the rhythm of life is a powerful beat!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.815980911254883, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm of Life - xiaonan.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "(To feel the rhythm of life,)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.987130641937256, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm of Life - xiaonan.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "For the rhythm of life is a powerful beat,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.7854156494140625, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm of Life - xiaonan.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "And the rhythm of life is a powerful beat!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.815980911254883, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm of Life - xiaonan.com" }, { "answer": "The Rhythm of Life", "passage": "To feel the rhythm of life,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.338638782501221, "source": "search", "title": "Rhythm of Life - xiaonan.com" } ]

[ { "answer": "Austria", "passage": "Frederick Loewe was born in Vienna, Austria on June 10, 1901, and from the beginning was steeped in the Viennese musical style. His father was a popular operetta star, and when The Merry Widow arrived in Berlin, Loewe's father was Berlin's first Danilo. By the age of 15, \"Fritz\" had composed a hit popular song, \"Katrina\", and was getting considerable attention as a promising young piano virtuoso. Like the young Kurt Weill, who was one year his senior, Loewe studied in Berlin with the great Italian-German composer and pianist Ferruccio Busoni. He also studied with the pianist-composer Eugen d'Albert and the composer Emil von Rezniek. At this time, his great ambition was to become a famous concert pianist and he traveled to the United States in 1924. Unfortunately, success did not greet him in America, and in the years that followed he survived by taking a colorful variety of jobs. At one time he was a cowboy, and at another time a prizefighter.", "precise_score": 8.085830688476562, "rough_score": 7.989867210388184, "source": "search", "title": "Songwriters Hall of Fame - Frederick Loewe Exhibit Home" }, { "answer": "Austria", "passage": "Frederick Loewe (, originally German Friedrich (Fritz) Löwe; June 10, 1901 – February 14, 1988[http://www.pscemetery.com/pdfs/interments.pdf Palm Springs Cemetery District, \"Interments of Interest\"]), was an Austrian-American composer. He collaborated with lyricist Alan Jay Lerner on a series of Broadway musicals, including the long-running My Fair Lady and Camelot, both of which were made into films.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.505265235900879, "source": "wiki", "title": "Frederick Loewe" }, { "answer": "Austria", "passage": "composer, born June 10, 1904, Vienna, Austria; died February 14, 1988) Frederick Loewe, an unheralded Vienna-born composer, and Alan Jay Lerner, the lyricist-playwright son of the proprietors of an American chain of women's clothing shops, with sketches and lyrics for two Harvard Hasty Pudding shows among his major credits, met by chance at New York's Lambs Club in 1942. Had they not, Brigadoon would never have emerged from the mists of the Scottish Highlands to make the world feel \"Almost Like Being in Love\" . . . no one would have been there to \"Paint Your Wagon\" . . . My Fair Lady would still be a less than lyrical English girl from George Bernard Shaw's Pygmalion who couldn't sing a note. . . we might never have thought to \"Thank Heaven for Little Girls\" like \"Gigi\" . . . and Camelot would most likely have stayed within the pages of Arthurian legend.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.519448757171631, "source": "search", "title": "Frederick Loewe - kennedy-center.org" } ]

[ { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "The King and I is a musical, the fifth by the team of composer Richard Rodgers and dramatist Oscar Hammerstein II. It is based on the 1944 novel Anna and the King of Siam by Margaret Landon, which is in turn derived from the memoirs of Anna Leonowens, governess to the children of King Mongkut of Siam in the early 1860s. The musical's plot relates the experiences of Anna, a British schoolteacher hired as part of the King's drive to modernize his country. The relationship between the King and Anna is marked by conflict through much of the piece, as well as by a love that neither can admit. The musical premiered on March 29, 1951, at Broadway's St. James Theatre. It ran nearly three years, then the fourth longest-running Broadway musical in history, and has had many tours and revivals.", "precise_score": 2.004795789718628, "rough_score": -1.2204965353012085, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "Mongkut, King of Siam, was about 57 years old in 1861. He had lived half his life as a Buddhist monk and was an able scholar, founding a new order of Buddhism and a temple in Bangkok (paid for by his half-brother, King Nangklao). Through his decades of devotion, Mongkut acquired an ascetic lifestyle and a firm grasp of Western languages. When Nangklao died in 1850, Mongkut became king. At that time, various European countries were striving for dominance, and American traders sought greater influence, in Southeast Asia. He ultimately succeeded in keeping Siam an independent nation, partly by familiarizing his heirs and harem with Western ways. ", "precise_score": -4.839588165283203, "rough_score": -4.198370456695557, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "Several weeks pass, during which Anna and Louis are confined to their palace rooms. The King receives a gift from the king of Burma, a lovely slave girl named Tuptim, to be one of his many wives. She is escorted by Lun Tha, a scholar who has come to copy a design for a temple, and the two are secretly in love. Tuptim, left alone, declares that the King may own her, but not her heart (\"My Lord and Master\"). The King gives Anna her first audience. The schoolteacher is a part of his plan for the modernization of Siam; he is impressed when she already knows this. She raises the issue of her house with him, he dismisses her protests and orders her to talk with his wives. They are interested in her, and she tells them of her late husband, Tom (\"Hello, Young Lovers\"). The King presents her new pupils; Anna is to teach those of his children whose mothers are in favor with him – several dozen – and is to teach their mothers as well. The princes and princesses enter in procession (\"March of the Royal Siamese Children\"). Anna is charmed by the children, and formality breaks down after the ceremony as they crowd around her.", "precise_score": -4.270616054534912, "rough_score": -3.321953296661377, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "Anna has not given up on the house, and teaches the children proverbs and songs extolling the virtues of home life, to the King's irritation. The King has enough worries without battling the schoolteacher, and wonders why the world has become so complicated (\"A Puzzlement\"). The children and wives are hard at work learning English (\"The Royal Bangkok Academy\"). The children are surprised by a map showing how small Siam is compared with the rest of the world (\"Getting to Know You\"). As the crown prince, Chulalongkorn, disputes the map, the King enters a chaotic schoolroom. He orders the pupils to believe the teacher but complains to Anna about her lessons about \"home\". Anna stands her ground and insists on the letter of her contract, threatening to leave Siam, much to the dismay of wives and children. The King orders her to obey as \"my servant\"; she repudiates the term and hurries away. The King dismisses school, then leaves, uncertain of his next action. Lun Tha comes upon Tuptim, and they muse about having to hide their relationship (\"We Kiss in a Shadow\").", "precise_score": -5.939633369445801, "rough_score": -3.137894630432129, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "In her room, Anna replays the confrontation in her mind, her anger building (\"Shall I Tell You What I Think of You?\"). Lady Thiang, the King's head wife, tells Anna that the King is troubled by his portrayal in the West as a barbarian, as the British are being urged to take over Siam as a protectorate. Anna is shocked by the accusations – the King is a polygamist, but he is no barbarian – but she is reluctant to see him after their argument. Lady Thiang convinces her that the King is deserving of support (\"Something Wonderful\"). Anna goes to him and finds him anxious for reconciliation. The King tells her that the British are sending an envoy to Bangkok to evaluate the situation. Anna \"guesses\" – the only guise in which the King will accept advice – that the King will receive the envoy in European style, and that the wives will be dressed in Western fashion. Tuptim has been writing a play based on a book that Anna has lent her, Uncle Tom's Cabin, that can be presented to the guests. News is brought to the King that the British are arriving much earlier than thought, and so Anna and the wives are to stay up all night to prepare. The King assembles his family for a Buddhist prayer for the success of the venture and also promises before Buddha that Anna will receive her own house \"as provided in agreement, etc., etc.\"", "precise_score": -3.0974602699279785, "rough_score": 0.6814222931861877, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "Several months pass with no contact between Anna and the King. Anna is packed and ready to board a ship leaving Siam. Chulalongkorn arrives with a letter from the King, who has been unable to resolve the conflicts within himself and is dying. Anna hurries to the King's bedside and they reconcile. The King persuades her to take back the ring and to stay and assist the next king, Chulalongkorn. The dying man tells Anna to take dictation from the prince, and instructs the boy to give orders as if he were King. The prince orders the end of the custom of kowtowing that Anna hated. The King grudgingly accepts this decision. As Chulalongkorn continues, prescribing a less arduous bow to show respect for the king, his father dies. Anna kneels by the late King, holding his hand and kissing it, as the wives and children bow or curtsey, a gesture of respect to old king and new.", "precise_score": -4.668552875518799, "rough_score": -2.6090750694274902, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "Mrs. Anna Leonowens and her son Louis arrive in Bangkok, where she has been contracted to teach English to the children of the royal household. She threatens to leave when the house she had been promised is not available, but falls in love with the children. A new slave, a gift of a vassal king, translates \"Uncle Tom's Cabin\" into a Siamese ballet. After expressing her unhappiness at being with the King, the slave decides to make an attempt to escape with her lover. Anna and the King start to fall in love, but her headstrong upbringing inhibits her from joining his harem. She is just about to leave Siam but something important she finds out makes her think about changing her mind. Written by Randy Goldberg <[email protected]>", "precise_score": -6.855648040771484, "rough_score": -2.2643346786499023, "source": "search", "title": "The King and I (1956) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "King Mongkut was born in 1804. As a boy, he was groomed to become king, but when he was 14 he became a novice Buddhist monk. At the age of 20 he entered the monkhood and took a vow of poverty. When his father died, his half brother, who had been assisting his father in governing the country, was chosen to be king. For many years Mongkut wandered throughout the country living on the small amounts of food that peasants would place into his bowl, eating one meal a day and studying Buddhist scripture. Later, he served as abbot at a quiet riverside temple on the outskirts of Bangkok. As a monk, he learned about life in Siam first-hand, something unusual for a Thai ruler. He was also able to meet foreigners. From them he learned about the outside world, especially about technology and science. He became proficient in English and studied Latin and astronomy. In 1851, on the death of his half brother, he was chosen to be king. During his reign, Mongkut initiated a policy of learning about the West and adapting Siam to a world dominated by Western imperialist powers. He also initiated controversial reforms, such as permitting people to look the King in the face, eye to eye, which had not been permitted under his predecessors.", "precise_score": -5.356496334075928, "rough_score": -2.3513998985290527, "source": "search", "title": "The King & I - Topics: Drama/Musicals; World/Thailand; U.S ..." }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "In 1867, Leonowens left Bangkok on a six-month leave of absence to visit her daughter Avis in England, intending to deposit Louis at a school in Ireland and return to Siam with Avis. However, due to unexpected delays and opportunities for further travel, Leonowens was still abroad in late 1868, when Mongkut fell ill and died. Leonowens did not return to Siam, although she continued to correspond with her former pupil, the new king Chulalongkorn. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.449711799621582, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "In 1950, British actress Gertrude Lawrence's business manager and attorney, Fanny Holtzmann, was looking for a new vehicle for her client when the 1944 Margaret Landon novel Anna and the King of Siam (a fictionalized version of Leonowens' experiences) was sent to her by Landon's agent.Nolan, p. 199 According to Rodgers biographer Meryle Secrest, Holtzmann was worried that Lawrence's career was fading. The 51-year-old actress had appeared only in plays, not in musicals, since Lady in the Dark closed in 1943. Holtzmann agreed that a musical based on Anna and the King of Siam would be ideal for her client, who purchased the rights to adapt the novel for the stage.Hischak, p. 148", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.346899032592773, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "Rodgers and Hammerstein had disliked Landon's novel as a basis for a musical when it was published, and their views still held. It consists of vignettes of life at the Siamese court, interspersed with descriptions of historical events unconnected with each other, except that the King creates most of the difficulties in the episodes, and Anna tries to resolve them. Rodgers and Hammerstein could see no coherent story from which a musical could be made until they saw the 1946 film adaptation, starring Irene Dunne and Rex Harrison, and how the screenplay united the episodes in the novel.Nolan, p. 310 Rodgers and Hammerstein were also concerned about writing a star vehicle. They had preferred to make stars rather than hire them, and engaging the legendary Gertrude Lawrence would be expensive. Lawrence's voice was also a worry: her limited vocal range was diminishing with the years, while her tendency to sing flat was increasing. Lawrence's temperament was another concern: though she could not sing like one, the star was known to be capable of diva-like behavior. In spite of this, they admired her acting – what Hammerstein called her \"magic light\", a compelling presence on stage – and agreed to write the show. For her part, Lawrence committed to remaining in the show until June 1, 1953, and waived the star's usual veto rights over cast and director, leaving control in the hands of the two authors. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.281461715698242, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "Hammerstein found his \"door in\" to the play in Landon's account of a slave in Siam writing about Abraham Lincoln. This would eventually become the narrated dance, \"The Small House of Uncle Thomas\". Since a frank expression of romantic feelings between the King and Anna would be inappropriate in view of both parties' upbringing and prevailing social mores,Bloom and Vlastnik, p. 163 Hammerstein wrote love scenes for a secondary couple, Tuptim, a junior wife of the King, and Lun Tha, a scholar. In the Landon work, the relationship is between Tuptim and a priest, and is not romantic. The musical's most radical change from the novel was to have the King die at the end of the play. Also, since Lawrence was not primarily a singer, the secondary couple gave Rodgers a chance to write his usual \"soaring\" romantic melodies. In an interview for The New York Times, Hammerstein indicated that he wrote the first scene before leaving for London and the West End production of Carousel in mid-1950; he wrote a second scene while in the British capital. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.506541728973389, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "THAILAND", "passage": "With Rodgers laid up with back trouble, Hammerstein completed most of the musical's book before many songs were set to music. Early on, Hammerstein contacted set designer Jo Mielziner and costume designer Irene Sharaff and asked them to begin work in coordination with each other. Sharaff communicated with Jim Thompson, an American who had revived the Thai silk industry after World War II. Thompson sent Sharaff samples of silk cloth from Thailand and pictures of local dress from the mid-19th century. One such picture, of a Thai woman in western dress, inspired the song \"Western People Funny\", sung by the King's chief wife, Lady Thiang, while dressed in western garb.Fordin, p. 296", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.012622833251953, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "Producer Leland Hayward, who had worked with the duo on South Pacific, approached Jerome Robbins to choreograph a ballet for \"The Small House of Uncle Thomas\". Robbins was very enthusiastic about the project and asked to choreograph the other musical numbers as well, although Rodgers and Hammerstein had originally planned little other dancing. Robbins staged \"The Small House of Uncle Thomas\" as an intimate performance, rather than a large production number. His choreography for the parade of the King's children to meet their teacher (\"March of the Royal Siamese Children\") drew great acclaim. Robert Russell Bennett provided the orchestrations, and Trude Rittmann arranged the ballet music. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.500975608825684, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "The pair discussed having an Act 1 musical scene involving Anna and the King's wives. The lyrics for that scene proved to be very difficult for Hammerstein to write. He first thought that Anna would simply tell the wives something about her past, and wrote such lyrics as \"I was dazzled by the splendor/Of Calcutta and Bombay\" and \"The celebrities were many/And the parties very gay/(I recall a curry dinner/And a certain Major Grey).\" Eventually, Hammerstein decided to write about how Anna felt, a song which would not only explain her past and her motivation for traveling with her son to the court of Siam, but also serve to establish a bond with Tuptim and lay the groundwork for the conflict that devastates Anna's relationship with the King.Mordden, p. 144 \"Hello, Young Lovers\", the resulting song, was the work of five exhausting weeks for Hammerstein. He finally sent the lyrics to Rodgers by messenger and awaited his reaction. Hammerstein considered the song his best work and was anxious to hear what Rodgers thought of it, but no comment came from Rodgers. Pride kept Hammerstein from asking. Finally, after four days, the two happened to be talking on the phone about other matters, and at the end of the conversation, Rodgers stated, very briefly, that the lyric was fine. Josh Logan, who had worked closely with Hammerstein on South Pacific, listened to the usually unflappable writer pour out his unhappy feelings. It was one of the few times that Hammerstein and Rodgers did not display a united front. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.075469017028809, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "brynner%20dick%20opening%20night&pg=2484%2C102242 Yul Brynner leaves King of Siam role for own future], The New York Times via Ocala Star-Banner, January 1, 1985, pp. C1, C2. Retrieved December 28, 2012", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.897507667541504, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "In 1862, a strong-willed, widowed schoolteacher, Anna Leonowens, arrives in Bangkok, Siam (later known as Thailand) at the request of the King of Siam to tutor his many children. Anna's young son, Louis, fears the severe countenance of the King's prime minister, the Kralahome, but Anna refuses to be intimidated (\"I Whistle a Happy Tune\"). The Kralahome has come to escort them to the palace, where they are expected to live – a violation of Anna's contract, which calls for them to live in a separate house. She considers returning to Singapore aboard the vessel that brought them, but goes with her son and the Kralahome.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.877782344818115, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "As final preparations for the play are made, Tuptim steals a moment to meet with Lun Tha. He tells her he has an escape plan, and she should be ready to leave after the performance (\"I Have Dreamed\"). Anna encounters them, and they confide in her (\"Hello, Young Lovers\", reprise). The play (\"Small House of Uncle Thomas\", narrated ballet) is presented in a Siamese ballet-inspired dance. Tuptim is the narrator, and she tells her audience of the evil King Simon of Legree and his pursuit of the runaway slave Eliza. Eliza is saved by Buddha, who miraculously freezes a river and conceals her in snow. Buddha then causes the river to melt, drowning King Simon and his hunting party. The anti-slavery message is blunt.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.198371887207031, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "After the play, Sir Edward reveals that the British threat has receded, but the King is distracted by his displeasure at Tuptim's rebellious message. After Sir Edward leaves, Anna and the King express their delight at how well the evening went, and he presents her with a ring. Secret police report that Tuptim is missing. The King realizes that Anna knows something; she parries his inquiry by asking why he should care: Tuptim is just another woman to him. He is delighted; she is at last understanding the Siamese perspective. Anna tries to explain to him the Western customs of courtship and tells him what it is like for a young woman at a formal dance (\"Shall We Dance?\"). He demands that she teach him the dance. She does, and in that dance they experience and express a love for each other that they can never speak aloud. They are interrupted by the Kralahome. Tuptim has been captured, and a search is on for Lun Tha. The King resolves to punish Tuptim, though she denies she and Lun Tha were lovers. Anna tries to dissuade him, but he is determined that her influence shall not rule, and he takes the whip himself. He turns to lash Tuptim, but under Anna's gaze is unable to swing the whip, and hurries away. Lun Tha is found dead, and Tuptim is dragged off, swearing to kill herself; nothing more is heard about her. Anna asks the Kralahome to give her ring back to the King; both schoolteacher and minister state their wish that she had never come to Siam.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.939702033996582, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "* \"March of the Royal Siamese Children\" – Orchestra", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.182755470275879, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "4357 \"The King and I (1985)\"], Internet Broadway Database. Retrieved February 21, 2011 The part of Eliza was played by the leading man's fourth wife, Kathy Lee Brynner, and newcomer Jeffrey Bryan Davis played Louis. During the run, Brynner was unable to sing \"A Puzzlement\", due to what was announced as a throat and ear infection, but he \"projected bursting vitality to the top of the balcony.\" He received a special Tony Award for his role as the King and had come to dominate the musical to such an extent that Piel was nominated merely for a featured actress Tony as Anna. Leigh was nominated for a Tony for his direction. New York Times critic Frank Rich praised Brynner but was ambivalent about the production, which he called \"sluggish\", writing that Brynner's \"high points included his fond, paternalistic joshing with his brood in 'The March of the Siamese Children,' his dumb-show antics while attempting to force the English schoolteacher Anna to bow, and, of course, the death scene. ... The star aside, such showmanship is too often lacking in this King and I.\" The last performance was a special Sunday night show, on June 30, 1985, in honor of Brynner and his 4,625th performance of the role.[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.577862739562988, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "The first major revival to break away from the original staging and interpretation was an Australian production directed by Christopher Renshaw, starring Hayley Mills as Anna, in 1991. Renshaw pointedly ignored the printed stage directions in the scriptFlatow, Sheryl. [http://www.playbill.com/features/article/64313-How-Christopher-Renshaw-Crowned-a-New-King \"How Christopher Renshaw Crowned a New King\"], Playbill, August 9, 1996 when reshaping the piece into what he called \"an authentic Thai experience\".Grossberg, Michael. [http://www.seedship.com/hayley/8b01cd1h.html \"British director lends authenticity to The King and I\"], The Columbus Dispatch (Columbus, Ohio), February 1, 1998. Retrieved February 20, 2011 The production had a more sinister Siamese setting, a less elegant but more forceful Anna, and a younger King (Tony Marinyo). The attraction between Anna and the King was made explicit. Renshaw \"cut a few lines and lyrics, and translated others into Thai to reinforce the atmosphere of a foreign land\", and all Asian roles were played by Asian actors. He also asked choreographers Lar Lubovitch and Jerome Robbins to create a \"spiritual\" ballet, for the King's entrance in Act 1, and a procession with a sacred white elephant in Act II. According to Renshaw, \"The reds and golds were very much inspired by what we saw at the royal palace\", and set and costume elements reflected images, architecture and other designs in the palace and elsewhere in Bangkok. For example, the stage was framed by columns of elephant figures, a large emerald Buddha loomed over Act I, and hundreds of elephant images were woven into the set. Renshaw said, \"The elephant is regarded as a very holy creature ... they believe the spirit of Buddha often resides in the form of the elephant.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.171955585479736, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "THAILAND", "passage": "Stanley Green, in his Encyclopedia of the Musical Theatre, viewed the central theme of The King and I as \"the importance of mutual understanding between people of differing ethnic and cultural backgrounds\", but Renshaw felt that the musical suffered from 1950s attitudes when \"Orientalism was used as an exoticism rather than a real understanding of the particular culture.\" He stated that his production was informed by authentic Thai cultural, aesthetic and religious ideas that he learned from visiting Thailand. A feature in Playbill commented that the production focused on the \"clash of ideologies and cultures, of East versus West\". Theatre arts professor Eileen Blumenthal, however, called the production \"a King and I for the age of political correctness\".Blumenthal, Eileen. \"How Thai Is It?\", American Theatre, July/August 1996, pp. 6–7 While she acknowledged that the musical's treatment of Asian cultures had come to be understood as insensitive in the nearly half century since its premiere, she argued that Rodgers and Hammerstein's script was more sensitive than most orientalist literature of its day, in that \"West learns from East as well as the other way around\", and that, moreover, the musical's treatment of its Asian subject is fantastical, not intended to be realistic. She concluded that the show is a documentary of \"who we've been\" in the West, and that a work like The King and I should not be suppressed, because it is \"too good\".", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.69469690322876, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "The production opened on May 3, 2000 at the London Palladium, directed by Renshaw and choreographed by Lubovitch, and using the Kirk and Thomson designs.Kellaway, Kate. \"Elaine's Burmese daze\", The Observer, May 7, 2000, p. F11 It reportedly took in £8 million in advance ticket sales. The cast included Elaine Paige as Anna and Jason Scott Lee as the King, with Sean Ghazi as Luan Tha and Ho Yi as the Kralahome. Lady Thiang was, again, played by Taewon Yi Kim, of whom The Observer wrote, \"Her 'Something Wonderful' was just that.\" The show was nominated for an Olivier Award for outstanding musical. Later in the run, Lee was replaced as the King by Paul Nakauchi. The revival was generally well received. The Daily Mirror said: \"The King and I waltzed back to the West End in triumph last night.\" The Daily Express noted, \"Love it or loathe it, The King and I is an unstoppable smash.\"[http://www.albemarle-london.com/Archive/ArchiveShow.php?Show_NameKing%20and%20I \"The King and I archives, London Palladium\"], Albemarle-London.com. Retrieved February 11, 2014 Variety, however, noted a lack of chemistry between the leads, commenting that \"there’s something not entirely right in Siam when the greatest applause is reserved for Lady Thiang\". Replacements included Josie Lawrence as Anna, Keo Woolford as the King and Saeed Jaffrey as the Kralahome. The show closed on January 5, 2002.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.661252021789551, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "In June 2014, Théâtre du Châtelet in Paris presented an English-language production of The King and I directed by Lee Blakeley and starring Susan Graham, who was \"close to perfection as Anna\", Lambert Wilson, \"also excellent as the king\", and Lisa Milne as Lady Thiang. The New York Times called it \"a grand new staging that has set French critics searching for superlatives.\" The Renshaw production was revived again in April 2014 by Opera Australia for performances in Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane, directed by Renshaw and featuring Lisa McCune and Teddy Tahu Rhodes. Some critics questioned anew the portrayal of the Siamese court as barbaric and asked why a show where \"the laughs come from the Thai people mis-understanding British ... culture\" should be selected for revival. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.511254787445068, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "Marilyn Stasio, in Variety, termed the production \"sumptuous\" and \"absolutely stunning\". She noted a \"still pertinent theme: the dissonant dynamic when Western civilization tries to assert its values on ancient Eastern cultures.\" In USA Today, Elysa Gardner wrote of the grins and tears evoked by the production. \"[W]atching these people from vastly different cultures carefully but joyfully reach for common ground ... can be almost unbearably moving. ... [Rodgers and Hammerstein's] textured humanity and appeals for tolerance, like their shimmering scores, only gain resonance as time passes.\" The production's attempts to achieve historical accuracy and explore the work's dark themes with a modern sensibility led some reviewers to conclude that it succeeds at converting the musical's orientalism into \"a modern critique of racism and sexism\". Other commentators, however, such as composer Mohammed Fairouz, argued that an attempt at sensitivity in production cannot compensate for \"the inaccurate portrayal of the historic King Mongkut as a childlike tyrant and the infantilization of the entire Siamese population of the court\", which demonstrate a racist subtext in the piece, even in 1951 when it was written. Benjamin Ivry opined that \"the Rodgers and Hammerstein organization should shelve the [musical] as a humanitarian gesture toward Southeast Asian history and art\". ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.029083251953125, "source": "wiki", "title": "The King and I" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "A widow accepts a job as a live-in governess to the King of Siam's children.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.669364929199219, "source": "search", "title": "The King and I (1956) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "The story of the romance between the King of Siam and widowed British schoolteacher, Anna Leonowens, during the 1860s.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.271564483642578, "source": "search", "title": "The King and I (1956) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "Rita Moreno said that the heavy Siamese headdresses she and the ballet dancers wore in \"The Small House of Uncle Thomas\" ballet sequence gave all of them headaches, which lasted for days. See more »", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.461615562438965, "source": "search", "title": "The King and I (1956) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "Known best as a musical version of 1946 FOX film \"Anna and the King of Siam\" starring Irene Dunne and Rex Harrison, \"The King and I\" often takes a back seat to \"The Sound of Music\". Whilst the latter is both my favourite all time movie and musical, \"The King and I\" is only second to it. Most of this, is due in part to the wonderful performances of Deborah Kerr, Yul Brynner and a delightful supporting cast.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.8153815269470215, "source": "search", "title": "The King and I (1956) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "Although not a singer and well known to be dubbed by Marni Nixon, the 'ghost' favourite of Hollywood musicals, Deborah Kerr gives another beautiful and loved performance as the English governess, with son Louis, travels to 1860s Siam to be tutor to the Royal children. Her performance demanded character, command and charm, and Kerr managed to successfully combine all three in a memorable performance.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.30131721496582, "source": "search", "title": "The King and I (1956) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "Despite my love for the musical, since viewing both \"Anna and the King of Siam\" and the new Jodie Foster, Chow Yun-Fat movie \"Anna and the King\", the flaws in what was previously believed to be an accurate and true account of Anna Leonowens story, have unfortunately ruined the musical, both in Anna's life and the depiction of the Siamese court. The non-musical versions have been obviously more historically accurate, and the comparison of the three different FOX versions have all been noticably scripted to the fit the time of release.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.418812274932861, "source": "search", "title": "The King and I (1956) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "The King & I - Topics: Drama/Musicals; World/Thailand; U.S./1860-1865; Dance/Performance; Siam; Thailand; Mongkut; Chulalongkorn", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.744292259216309, "source": "search", "title": "The King & I - Topics: Drama/Musicals; World/Thailand; U.S ..." }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "King Mongkut ruled Siam from 1851 to 1868. He was extremely well educated and very interested in Western learning. He could speak English and he was an accomplished astronomer. He first asked wives of missionaries to teach English to the women in his court. However, after several years the women grew tired of a diet of religious texts and attempts to convert them to Christianity. The King then hired an English governess, Anna Leonowens. His son Chulalongkorn reigned from 1868-1910 and continued the modernization of the country begun by his father. One of Chulalongkorn's reforms, as shown in the film, was to forbid the practice of bowing low before the king.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.2932047843933105, "source": "search", "title": "The King & I - Topics: Drama/Musicals; World/Thailand; U.S ..." }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "Except for Siam, every country in Southeast Asia became a colony of one European power or another. Siam's independence was preserved by the policies of Mongkut and Chulalongkorn. Father and son adjusted to alien pressures by accommodating just enough while promoting internal reforms. This policy was called \"bending with the wind.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.111568450927734, "source": "search", "title": "The King & I - Topics: Drama/Musicals; World/Thailand; U.S ..." }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "King Mongkut, among his other accomplishments, was an excellent astronomer. In 1868, he correctly predicted the exact time and location of a solar eclipse that was to show itself on the coast of the Gulf of Siam on August 28th of that year. He invited the governor of Singapore and other dignitaries to watch the eclipse with him. The French government sent a party of scientists. The eclipse occurred just as the King had predicted. Unfortunately, his encampment was in the middle of a malaria ridden swamp. He and his son contracted malaria. It proved fatal to the King.  ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.077605724334717, "source": "search", "title": "The King & I - Topics: Drama/Musicals; World/Thailand; U.S ..." }, { "answer": "Siam", "passage": "BUILDING VOCABULARY: barbarian, Siam, Southeast Asia, \"my cup of tea.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.92061710357666, "source": "search", "title": "The King & I - Topics: Drama/Musicals; World/Thailand; U.S ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Grease is a 1978 American musical romantic comedy film directed by Randal Kleiser and produced by Paramount Pictures. It is based on Warren Casey and Jim Jacobs' 1971 musical of the same name about two lovers in a 1950s high school. The film stars John Travolta, Olivia Newton-John, Stockard Channing, and Jeff Conaway. It was successful both critically and at the box office. Its soundtrack album ended 1978 as the second-best selling album of the year in the United States, behind the soundtrack of Saturday Night Fever, another film starring Travolta.", "precise_score": 2.258946418762207, "rough_score": 2.87395977973938, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "In the summer of 1958, local boy Danny Zuko (John Travolta) and vacationing Sandy Olsson (Olivia Newton-John) meet at the beach and fall in love. When the summer comes to an end, Sandy—who is going back to Australia—frets that they may never meet again, but Danny tells her that their love is \"only the beginning\". The film moves to the start of the seniors' term at Rydell High School. Danny, a greaser, is a member of the T-Birds, consisting of his best friend Kenickie (Jeff Conaway), Doody (Barry Pearl), Sonny (Michael Tucci), and Putzie (Kelly Ward). The Pink Ladies, a popular clique of girls, also arrive, consisting of Rizzo (Stockard Channing), Frenchy (Didi Conn), Marty (Dinah Manoff), and Jan (Jamie Donnelly).", "precise_score": 7.091838836669922, "rough_score": 7.448134899139404, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Singer Olivia Newton-John, cast at Travolta's urging, had done little acting before this film. She appeared in the 1970 film Tomorrow, a science fiction musical that pre-dated her initial chart success with 1971's \"If Not for You\". Cast with Newton-John and three male leads in an attempt by Don Kirshner to create another Monkees, the film was never released commercially. This led Newton-John to demand a screen test for Grease to avoid another career setback. The screen test was done with the drive-in movie scene.", "precise_score": 3.8563554286956787, "rough_score": 5.128732681274414, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "John Joseph Travolta (born February 18, 1954) is an American actor, dancer, and singer. Travolta first became known in the 1970s, after appearing on the television series Welcome Back, Kotter (1975–1979) and starring in the box office successes Saturday Night Fever (1977) and Grease (1978). His acting career declined through the 1980s, but enjoyed a resurgence in the 1990s with his role in Pulp Fiction (1994), and he has since starred in films such as Face/Off (1997), Swordfish (2001), Wild Hogs and Hairspray (both 2007).", "precise_score": -1.9872702360153198, "rough_score": -0.21218471229076385, "source": "wiki", "title": "John Travolta" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Newton-John's career soared after she starred in the film adaptation of the Broadway musical Grease in 1978. She was offered the lead role of Sandy after meeting producer Allan Carr at a dinner party at Helen Reddy's home. Burned by her Toomorrow experience and concerned that she was too old to play a high school senior (she turned 29 during Grease's 1977 filming), Newton-John insisted on a screen test with the film's co-star, John Travolta. The film accommodated Newton-John's Australian accent by recasting her character from the play's original American Sandy Dumbrowski to Sandy Olson, an Australian who holidays and then moves with her family to the U.S. Newton-John previewed some of the film's soundtrack during her second American network television special, Olivia, featuring guests ABBA and Andy Gibb.", "precise_score": 6.318665504455566, "rough_score": 6.414801120758057, "source": "wiki", "title": "Olivia Newton-John" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Grease became the biggest box-office hit of 1978. The soundtrack album spent 12 non-consecutive weeks at No. 1 and yielded three Top 5 singles for Newton-John: the platinum \"You're The One That I Want\" (No. 1 Pop, No. 23 AC) with John Travolta, the gold \"Hopelessly Devoted to You\" (No. 3 Pop, No. 20 Country, No. 7 AC) and the gold \"Summer Nights\" (No. 5 Pop, No. 21 AC) with John Travolta and the film's cast. The former two songs were written and composed by Newton-John's long-time music producer, John Farrar, specifically for the film. (\"Summer Nights\" was from the original play written by Jim Jacobs and Warren Casey.) Newton-John became the second woman (after Linda Ronstadt in 1977) to have two singles – \"Hopelessly Devoted to You\" and \"Summer Nights\" – in the Billboard Top 5 simultaneously. Newton-John's performance earned her a People's Choice Award for Favourite Film Actress. She was also nominated for a Golden Globe as Best Actress in a Musical and performed the Oscar-nominated \"Hopelessly Devoted to You\" at the 1979 Academy Awards.", "precise_score": 0.2638227343559265, "rough_score": -1.763433814048767, "source": "wiki", "title": "Olivia Newton-John" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "GREASE (1978) **** John Travolta, Olivia Newton-John, Jeff Conaway, Stockard Channing, Dinah Manoff, Eve Arden, Sid Caesar, Edd `Kookie' Byrnes, ShaNaNa, Frankie Avalon, Joan Blondell, Ellen Travolta, Eddie Deezen, Lorenzo Lamas. One of the best Broadway musicals ever adapted for the big screen largely thanks to producer Allan Carr and director Randal Kleiser set at Rydell High circa 1950s with Travolta (in his other iconic role) as leather jacket wearing, hunky hood with a heart-of-gold Danny Zuko recalling his `Summer Nights' with Aussie sexpot Newton-John (in her sunny to sultry iconic turn) as goody-goody Sandy who learns some things from The Pink Ladies' tough yet tender leader Rizzo (Channing, ditto). Good old fashioned knuckle-headed comedy and toe-tapping tunes that will have you dancing and singing along to `Greased Lightning' (imagine Elvis doing this!) , the dance contest's hyper-paced `Hand Jive' sequence and the closer `We Go Together'. Title tune by Franki Valli. A film I've seen probably a hundred times and never tire of.", "precise_score": 5.2143025398254395, "rough_score": 5.687343120574951, "source": "search", "title": "Grease (1978) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "In the summer of 1958, local boy Danny Zuko (John Travolta) and vacationing Sandy Olsson (Olivia Newton-John) meet at the beach and fall in love. When the summer comes to an end, Sandy—who is going back to Australia—frets that they may never meet again, but Danny tells her that their love is \"only the beginning\". The film moves to the start of the seniors' term at Rydell High School. Danny, a greaser, is a member of the T-Birds, consisting of his best friend Kenickie (Jeff Conaway), Doody (Barry Pearl), Sonny (Michael Tucci), and Putzie (Kelly Ward). The Pink Ladies, a popular clique of girls, also arrive, consisting of Rizzo (Stockard Channing), Frenchy (Didi Conn), Marty (Dinah Manoff), and Jan (Jamie Donnelly).", "precise_score": 7.091838836669922, "rough_score": 7.448134899139404, "source": "search", "title": "Grease Summer Nights HD 1080p - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John Almost Lost Their 'Grease' Roles to These Stars", "precise_score": 2.059028387069702, "rough_score": 3.4997754096984863, "source": "search", "title": "John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John Almost Lost Their ..." }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John Almost Lost Their 'Grease' Roles to These Stars", "precise_score": 2.059028387069702, "rough_score": 3.4997754096984863, "source": "search", "title": "John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John Almost Lost Their ..." }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Playing John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John Almost Lost Their 'Grease' Roles to These Stars", "precise_score": 2.4089467525482178, "rough_score": 3.092583656311035, "source": "search", "title": "John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John Almost Lost Their ..." }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Grease stars John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John turned their leading roles of Danny and Sandy into iconic characters, but they weren't the only ones who were considered for those parts.", "precise_score": 8.059746742248535, "rough_score": 7.9786787033081055, "source": "search", "title": "John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John Almost Lost Their ..." }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Olivia Newton-John and John Travolta in ‘Grease’ (Image: Paramount)", "precise_score": 3.6991381645202637, "rough_score": 1.0895881652832031, "source": "search", "title": "'Grease' Could Have Starred The Fonz, Carrie Fisher, and Elvis" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "In retrospect, The roles of Danny and Sandy in Grease, that 1978 movie-musical classic, seem tailor-made for John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John. The truth is, nothing about Grease was a sure thing — least of all its leading man and lady, one of whom had barely done any acting, the other still considered a B-list TV actor (though Saturday Night Fever, released after Grease was shot, would change that forever). A fascinating Vanity Fair story on the making of Grease reveals some early casting choices, from Carrie Fisher to Elvis Presley, that are bound to make any Pink Ladies or T-Birds fan let out a Travolta-style “wow!”", "precise_score": 8.450214385986328, "rough_score": 7.7852277755737305, "source": "search", "title": "'Grease' Could Have Starred The Fonz, Carrie Fisher, and Elvis" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "\"Grease,\" said the poster and the Barry Gibb song, \"is the word.\" Transferring its setting from Chicago to sunny California, and adding a dash of disco to the ersatz '50s score, producer Allan Carr and director Randal Kleiser turned this long-running Jim Jacobs-Warren Casey Broadway smash into the biggest blockbuster of 1978. 1950s teens Danny (John Travolta) and Australian transfer Sandy (Olivia Newton-John) spend their \"Summer Nights\" falling in love, but once fall comes, it's back to Rydell High and its cliques. As one of the bad-boy T-Birds, Danny has to act cool for best pal Kenickie (Jeff Conaway) and their leather-clad mates Sonny (Michael Tucci) and Doody (Barry Pearl, in the role Travolta played on-stage). Despite befriending Frenchy (Didi Conn), one of the rebel Pink Ladies, virginal Sandy is \"too pure to be Pink,\" as the Ladies' leader, Rizzo (Stockard Channing), acidly observes. Declaring their devotion in such ballads as \"Hopelessly Devoted to You\" and \"Sandy,\" Sandy and Danny split, reconcile, and split again amidst a pep rally, dances, drive-ins, and a drag race, before deciding \"You're the One That I Want\" at the climactic carnival. With Travolta white-hot from Saturday Night Fever (1977), Grease soundtrack singles climbed the charts and summer movie crowds poured in. With the presence of Joan Blondell, Eve Arden, Sid Caesar, Edd \"Kookie\" Byrnes, and Frankie Avalon appealing to grown-up memories, Grease became the highest-grossing film of 1978, the highest-grossing movie musical ever, and the third most popular film of the new blockbuster '70s after Star Wars (1977) and Jaws (1975). Its sequel, Grease 2, did not exactly set the world on fire in 1982.", "precise_score": 5.882514953613281, "rough_score": 6.320285797119141, "source": "search", "title": "Grease (9/10) Movie CLIP - Sandy (1978) HD - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John unleash their old Grease moves | Daily Mail Online", "precise_score": 0.7659040689468384, "rough_score": -1.7811788320541382, "source": "search", "title": "John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John unleash their old ..." }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "A sequel, Grease 2, was released in 1982, starring Maxwell Caulfield and Michelle Pfeiffer. Only a few of the original cast members reprised their roles.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.17983341217041, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "When Sandy finally says Danny's name, Rizzo arranges a surprise reunion for the two, but Danny is forced to maintain his bad-boy attitude in front of his pals, upsetting Sandy, who storms off. Frenchy invites the girls to a pajama party, but Sandy falls ill from trying a cigarette, drinking and getting her ears pierced by Frenchy. The T-Birds almost crash the party in Kenickie's Greased Lightning car, but a guilty Danny leaves, followed by Rizzo, who departs to make out with Kenickie, who later becomes her boyfriend. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.3083086013793945, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "The film ends with Danny and Sandy departing in the Greased Lightning car together, which takes flight, and the pair wave goodbye to their friends. The film ends with credits in the style of a yearbook.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.1565656661987305, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Randal Kleiser directed John Travolta (who requested him for Grease) and Kelly Ward in The Boy in the Plastic Bubble two years prior to Grease. Additionally, he had previously worked (as an extra) alongside Frankie Avalon in 1966's Fireball 500.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.230584621429443, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "The opening beach scene was shot at Malibu's Leo Carrillo State Beach, making explicit reference to From Here to Eternity. The exterior Rydell scenes, including the basketball, baseball and track segments, were shot at Venice High School in Venice, California, while the Rydell interiors, including the high school dance, were filmed at Huntington Park High School. The sleepover was shot at a private house in East Hollywood. The Paramount Pictures studio lot was the location of the scenes that involve Frosty Palace and the musical numbers \"Greased Lightning\" and \"Beauty School Dropout\". The drive-in movie scenes were shot at the Burbank Pickwick Drive-In (it was closed and torn down in 1989 and a shopping center took its place). The race was filmed at the Los Angeles River, between the First and Seventh Street Bridges, where many other films have been shot. The final scene where the carnival took place used John Marshall High School. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.028660774230957, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Grease was originally released to theaters on June 16, 1978. It premiered for the first time on American Television in 1981 on ABC-TV. It was released in the US on VHS during the 1980s; the last VHS release was on June 23, 1998 and titled the 20th Anniversary Edition following a theatrical re-release that March. On September 24, 2002, it was released on DVD for the first time. On September 19, 2006, it was re-released on DVD as the Rockin' Rydell Edition, which came with a black Rydell High T-Bird jacket cover, a white Rydell \"R\" letterman's sweater cover or the Target-exclusive Pink Ladies cover. It was released on Blu-ray Disc on May 5, 2009.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.295493125915527, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Commercially, Grease was an immediate box office success. In its opening weekend, the film grossed $8,941,717 in 862 theaters in the United States and Canada, ranking at No. 2 (behind Jaws 2) at the box office. Grease has grossed $188,755,690 domestically and $206,200,000 internationally, totaling $394,955,690\t worldwide. In the United States, it is the No. 1 highest-grossing musical, to date. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.777095794677734, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Grease received mostly positive reviews from movie critics and is considered by many as one of the best films of 1978. It currently holds an 80% \"Certified Fresh\" rating on the review aggregate website Rotten Tomatoes with a consensus that reads \"Grease is a pleasing, energetic musical with infectiously catchy songs and an ode to young love that never gets old.\" It holds a score of 70/100 on a similar website Metacritic.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.891145706176758, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Vincent Canby called the film \"terrific fun\", describing it as a \"contemporary fantasy about a 1950s teen-age musical—a larger, funnier, wittier and more imaginative-than-Hollywood movie with a life that is all its own\"; Canby pointed out that the film was \"somewhat in the manner of Close Encounters of the Third Kind, which recalls the science-fiction films of the '50s in a manner more elegant and more benign than anything that was ever made then, Grease is a multimillion-dollar evocation of the B-picture quickies that Sam Katzman used to turn out in the '50s (Don't Knock the Rock, 1956) and that American International carried to the sea in the 1960s (Beach Party, 1963).\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.503439903259277, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Grease was voted the best musical ever on Channel 4's 100 greatest musicals. In 2008, the film was selected by Empire magazine as one of The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.588314056396484, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Grease was re-released to theaters in 1998 to mark the 20th anniversary; this re-release contained (before and after the mastering) the old Viacom variation of the 1986 logo with the fanfare used on Black Rain, Wayne's World, The Accused, Pet Sematary, and Fatal Attraction; in turn this is similar to how the original master began with its original theme (accompanied with 1975 logo), which seems to be a horn re-orchestration of the intro to \"Love is a Many-Splendored Thing\". That version is shown on TV to this day, however a few select Viacom networks run the original master instead. The film was also ranked number 21 on Entertainment Weeklys list of the 50 Best High School Movies. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.047426223754883, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "|Grease", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.403671264648438, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "|\"Grease\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.428881645202637, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "|Grease", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.403671264648438, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "|Grease", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.403671264648438, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "|Grease", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.403671264648438, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Grease 2 (1982) was a sequel to Grease starring Maxwell Caulfield and Michelle Pfeiffer. As mentioned, only a few cast members from the original movie such as Dody Goodman, Sid Caesar, Eddie Deezen, Didi Conn, Dennis Stewart and Eve Arden reprise their respective roles. Dick Patterson returned, playing a different character. It was not nearly as successful, grossing just $15 million on its $13 million budget. Patricia Birch, the original movie's choreographer, directed the ill-fated sequel. It would be the only movie that she would direct. After the success of the original, Paramount intended to turn Grease into a multi-picture franchise with three sequels planned and a TV series down the road. When Grease 2 flopped at the box office, all the plans were scrapped. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.246557235717773, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": " On July 8, 2010, a sing-along version of Grease was released to select theaters around the U.S. A trailer was released in May 2010 with cigarettes digitally removed from certain scenes, implying heavy editing; however, Paramount confirmed these changes were done only for the film's advertising, ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.462635040283203, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "On March 12, 2013, Grease and Grease 2 were packaged together in a Double Feature DVD set from Warner Home Video.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.017525672912598, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "# \"Grease\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.458672523498535, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "# \"Greased Lightnin'\" – Danny and T-Birds", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.346051216125488, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "# \"Grease (Reprise)\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.309267044067383, "source": "wiki", "title": "Grease (film)" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "After attending Dwight Morrow High School, Travolta moved across the Hudson River to New York City and landed a role in the touring company of the musical Grease and on Broadway in Over Here!, singing the Sherman Brothers' song \"Dream Drummin'\". He then moved to Los Angeles to further his career in show business.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.043020248413086, "source": "wiki", "title": "John Travolta" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Travolta had a hit single entitled \"Let Her In\", peaking at number ten on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in July 1976. In the next few years, he appeared in two of his most noted screen roles: Tony Manero in Saturday Night Fever (1977) and as Danny Zuko in Grease (1978). The films were among the most commercially successful pictures of the decade and catapulted Travolta to international stardom. Saturday Night Fever earned him an Academy Award nomination for Best Actor. At age 24, Travolta became one of the youngest performers ever nominated for the Best Actor Oscar. His mother and his sister Ann appeared in minor roles in Saturday Night Fever and his sister Ellen appeared as a waitress in Grease. Travolta performed several of the songs on the Grease soundtrack album. In 1980, Travolta inspired a nationwide country music craze that followed on the heels of his hit film, Urban Cowboy, in which he starred with Debra Winger. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.8211230039596558, "source": "wiki", "title": "John Travolta" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "In 1989, Travolta starred with Kirstie Alley in Look Who's Talking, which grossed $297,000,000, making it his most successful film since Grease. Travolta continued to the two sequels Look Who's Talking Too (1990) and Look Who's Talking Now (1993). But it was not until he played Vincent Vega in Quentin Tarantino's hit Pulp Fiction (1994), for which he received an Academy Award nomination, that his career revived. The movie shifted him back onto the A-list, and he was inundated with offers. Notable roles following Pulp Fiction include a movie-buff loan shark in Get Shorty (1995), an FBI agent and terrorist in Face/Off (1997), a desperate attorney in A Civil Action (1998), a Bill Clinton-esque presidential candidate in Primary Colors (1998), and a military investigator in The General's Daughter (1999).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.7253899574279785, "source": "wiki", "title": "John Travolta" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Travolta also starred in and co-produced Battlefield Earth (2000), based on a work of science fiction by L. Ron Hubbard, in which he played the leader of a group of aliens that enslaves humanity on a bleak future Earth. The film received almost universally negative reviews and did very poorly at the box office. Travolta's performance in Battlefield Earth also earned him two Razzie Awards. In 2007, he starred in Wild Hogs and played Mrs. Edna Turnblad in the remake of Hairspray, his first musical since Grease. In 2008 he lent his voice for the film Bolt, in which he played the title role.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.821456432342529, "source": "wiki", "title": "John Travolta" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Olivia Newton-John, (born 26 September 1948) is an English-Australian singer, songwriter and actress. She is a four-time Grammy award winner who has amassed five number-one and ten other Top Ten Billboard Hot 100 singles, and two number-one Billboard 200 solo albums. Eleven of her singles (including two platinum) and fourteen of her albums (including two platinum and four double platinum) have been certified gold by the RIAA. She has sold an estimated 100 million records, making her one of the world's best-selling music artists of all time. She starred in Grease, which featured one of the most successful soundtracks in Hollywood history.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.8984858989715576, "source": "wiki", "title": "Olivia Newton-John" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Newton-John was born in Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England, to a Welsh father, Brinley \"Bryn\" Newton-John, and a Berlin-born mother, Irene Helene (née Born), the eldest child of the Nobel Prize-winning atomic physicist Max Born. Her mother's family had left Germany before World War II to avoid the Nazi regime (Newton-John's maternal grandfather was Jewish and her maternal grandmother was of paternal Jewish ancestry). She is a third cousin of comedian Ben Elton. Her maternal great-grandfather was jurist Victor Ehrenberg and her matrilineal great-grandmother's father was jurist Rudolf von Jhering. Newton-John is the youngest of three children, following brother Hugh, a doctor, and sister Rona, an actress who was married to Grease co-star Jeff Conaway from 1980 until their divorce in 1985. Newton-John's father was an MI5 officer on the Enigma project at Bletchley Park who took Rudolf Hess into custody during the Second World War. In 1954, when she was six, Newton-John's family emigrated to Melbourne, Australia, where her father worked as a professor of German and as Master of Ormond College at the University of Melbourne. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.467562198638916, "source": "wiki", "title": "Olivia Newton-John" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Grease ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.244521141052246, "source": "wiki", "title": "Olivia Newton-John" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "In June 2006, Newton-John's company ON-J Productions Ltd filed a lawsuit against Universal Music Group for $1 million in unpaid royalties from the \"Grease\" soundtrack. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.471418380737305, "source": "wiki", "title": "Olivia Newton-John" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Newton-John's transformation in Grease from goody-goody \"Sandy 1\" to spandex-clad \"Sandy 2\" emboldened Newton-John to do the same with her music career. In November 1978, she released her next studio album, Totally Hot, which became her first solo Top 10 (No. 7) album since Have You Never Been Mellow. Dressed on the cover all in leather, the album's singles \"A Little More Love\" (No. 3 Pop, No. 94 Country, No. 4 AC), \"Deeper than the Night\" (No. 11 Pop, No. 87 Country, No. 4 AC), and the title track (No. 52 Pop) all demonstrated a more aggressive and uptempo sound for Newton-John. Although the album de-emphasised country, it still reached No. 4 on the Country Albums chart. Newton-John released the B-side, \"Dancin' 'Round and 'Round,\" of the \"Totally Hot\" single to Country radio peaking at No. 29 (as well as No. 82 Pop and No. 25 AC), becoming her last charted solo Country airplay single to date.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.0210442543029785, "source": "wiki", "title": "Olivia Newton-John" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Newton-John began 1980 by releasing \"I Can't Help It\" (No. 12 Pop, No. 8 AC), a duet with Andy Gibb from his After Dark album, and by starring in her third television special, Hollywood Nights. Later that year, she appeared in her first film since Grease starring in the musical Xanadu with Gene Kelly and Michael Beck. Although the film was a critical failure, its soundtrack (No. 4 Pop) was certified double platinum boasting five Top 20 singles on the Billboard Hot 100. Newton-John charted with \"Magic\" (No. 1 Pop, No. 1 AC), \"Suddenly\" with Cliff Richard (No. 20 Pop, No. 4 AC) and the title song with the Electric Light Orchestra (No. 8 Pop, No. 2 AC). (The Electric Light Orchestra also charted with \"I'm Alive\" (No. 16 Pop, No. 48 AC) and \"All Over the World\" (No. 13 Pop, No. 46 AC).) \"Magic\" was Newton-John's biggest Pop hit to that point (four weeks at No. 1) and still ranks as the biggest AC hit of her career (five weeks at No. 1). The film has since become a cult classic and the basis for a well-reviewed Broadway show that ran for more than 500 performances beginning in 2007 and was nominated for four Tony Awards including Best Musical. (A successful international tour of the show followed.)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.009629726409912, "source": "wiki", "title": "Olivia Newton-John" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Grease (1978) - IMDb", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.032087326049805, "source": "search", "title": "Grease (1978) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Good girl Sandy and greaser Danny fell in love over the summer. When they unexpectedly discover they're now in the same high school, will they be able to rekindle their romance?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.018244743347168, "source": "search", "title": "Grease (1978) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Search for \" Grease \" on Amazon.com", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.49814224243164, "source": "search", "title": "Grease (1978) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "An English student at a 1960's American high school has to prove himself to the leader of a girls' gang whose members can only date greasers.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.28708553314209, "source": "search", "title": "Grease (1978) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "A musical about teens in love in the 50's! It's California 1959 and greaser Danny Zuko and Australian Sandy Olsson are in love. They spend time at the beach, and when they go back to school, what neither of them knows is that they both now attend Rydell High. Danny's the leader of the T-Birds, a group of black leather jacket-wearing greasers while Sandy hangs with the Pink Ladies, a group of pink-wearing girls led by Rizzo. When they clash at Rydell's first pep rally, Danny isn't the same Danny from the beach. They try to be like each other so they can be together. Written by Alex Schultz <NedSDeclassified2967>", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.608303070068359, "source": "search", "title": "Grease (1978) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Grease is the word See more  »", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.480171203613281, "source": "search", "title": "Grease (1978) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Grease Summer Nights HD 1080p - YouTube", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.430755615234375, "source": "search", "title": "Grease Summer Nights HD 1080p - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Grease Summer Nights HD 1080p", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.3849515914917, "source": "search", "title": "Grease Summer Nights HD 1080p - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "When Sandy finally says Danny's name, Rizzo arranges a surprise reunion for the two, but Danny is forced to maintain his bad-boy attitude in front of his pals, upsetting Sandy, who storms off. Frenchy invites the girls to a pajama party, but Sandy falls ill from trying a cigarette and drinking. The T-Birds almost crash the party in Kenickie's Greased Lightning car, but a guilty Danny leaves, followed by Rizzo, who departs to make out with Kenickie, who later becomes her boyfriend.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.229709625244141, "source": "search", "title": "Grease Summer Nights HD 1080p - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "The film ends with Danny and Sandy departing in the Greased Lightning car together, which takes flight, and the pair wave goodbye to their friends. The film ends with credits in the style of a yearbook.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.1565656661987305, "source": "search", "title": "Grease Summer Nights HD 1080p - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "WATCH: Your First Look at Julianne Hough & Vanessa Hudgens Revamping a Classic in 'Grease: Live'", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.794408798217773, "source": "search", "title": "John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John Almost Lost Their ..." }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Of course, the final cast proved a winning combination, as Grease went on to be the No. 1 grossing movie of 1978.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.82305908203125, "source": "search", "title": "John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John Almost Lost Their ..." }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "WATCH: 'Grease: Live' Cast Does the Hand Jive in New Teaser", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.324393272399902, "source": "search", "title": "John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John Almost Lost Their ..." }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Watch the video below to see Hough and Hudgens show off their Grease: Live abs!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.284173011779785, "source": "search", "title": "John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John Almost Lost Their ..." }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "'Grease' Could Have Starred The Fonz, Carrie Fisher, and Elvis", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.551581382751465, "source": "search", "title": "'Grease' Could Have Starred The Fonz, Carrie Fisher, and Elvis" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "'Grease' Could Have Starred The Fonz, Carrie Fisher, and Elvis", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.551581382751465, "source": "search", "title": "'Grease' Could Have Starred The Fonz, Carrie Fisher, and Elvis" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "For the role of Danny, the tough-talking greaser played by Travolta, producers first approached Henry Winkler, who was then playing Fonzie on the hit TV comedy Happy Days. Winkler passed, fearing that he’d be typecast as ‘50s bad-boys forever (though as it turned out, he would play The Fonz well into the 1980s). Travolta, whose previous film credit was the TV movie The Boy in the Plastic Bubble, was cast because one of the producers had a three-picture deal with him.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.424312114715576, "source": "search", "title": "'Grease' Could Have Starred The Fonz, Carrie Fisher, and Elvis" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Most of the minor roles in Grease were also disputed. The part of the “Teen Angel” who sings “Beauty School Dropout,” played in the film by Frankie Avalon, is rumored to have been offered to Elvis Presley. (Presley would die while Grease was in production in 1977.) Lucie Arnaz, daughter of Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz, was considered for Rizzo, the Pink Lady played by Stockard Channing. Tom, the football player Sandy dates, was supposed to be played by President Gerald Ford’s son Steven Ford, but according to the director, “right after the dance rehearsals, he vanished.” (The role went to Lorenzo Lamas, then 19 years old.) And Sid Caesar’s character Coach Calhoun was originally supposed to be played by Deep Throat star Harry Reems — until the studio objected to a porn star appearing in their teen comedy.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.193939685821533, "source": "search", "title": "'Grease' Could Have Starred The Fonz, Carrie Fisher, and Elvis" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "—  In the film’s initial treatment, the cars-and-sex anthem “Greased Lightnin'” was supposed to be sung by The Beach Boys.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.150370597839355, "source": "search", "title": "'Grease' Could Have Starred The Fonz, Carrie Fisher, and Elvis" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "— The initial film rights to the Broadway play Grease were sold to Ralph Bakshi, animator and director of the X-rated Fritz the Cat, which raises the possibility that Grease might have been an animated film.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.623673439025879, "source": "search", "title": "'Grease' Could Have Starred The Fonz, Carrie Fisher, and Elvis" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "— Producer Carr wanted to make a Grease sequel called Summer School, about the wedding of Rizzo and Kenickie.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.66467571258545, "source": "search", "title": "'Grease' Could Have Starred The Fonz, Carrie Fisher, and Elvis" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Grease (9/10) Movie CLIP - Sandy (1978) HD - YouTube", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.606134414672852, "source": "search", "title": "Grease (9/10) Movie CLIP - Sandy (1978) HD - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Grease (9/10) Movie CLIP - Sandy (1978) HD", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.258219718933105, "source": "search", "title": "Grease (9/10) Movie CLIP - Sandy (1978) HD - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Grease movie clips: http://j.mp/1BcPM13", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.301355361938477, "source": "search", "title": "Grease (9/10) Movie CLIP - Sandy (1978) HD - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Good girl Sandy and greaser Danny fell in love over the summer. When they unexpectedly discover they're now in the same high school, will they be able to rekindle their romance?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.018243789672852, "source": "search", "title": "Xanadu (1980) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Well, you might just not want to know as the writer of You're the One That I Want, John Farrar, has penned a new song for Sandy and Danny called -  I Think You Might Like It... but if you're a Grease fan you probably won't.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.624666690826416, "source": "search", "title": "John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John unleash their old ..." }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "So young, so nimble: Olivia and John in 1978 classic movie Grease", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.1618266105651855, "source": "search", "title": "John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John unleash their old ..." }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Check out the wheels: When not travelling my plane, Grease lightening is the only way to go-go-go", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.498795509338379, "source": "search", "title": "John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John unleash their old ..." }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "The Grease! actor also revealed he's got an addiction... to hot chocolate. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.14052677154541, "source": "search", "title": "John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John unleash their old ..." }, { "answer": "Grease", "passage": "Friends forever: John and Olivia have remained close ever since their days in Grease", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.013799667358398, "source": "search", "title": "John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John unleash their old ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Sweden", "passage": "Set in 1900 Sweden, A Little Night Music explores the tangled web of affairs centered around actress, Desirée Armfeldt, and the men who love her: a lawyer by the name of Fredrik Egerman and the Count Carl-Magnus Malcom. When the traveling actress performs in Fredrik's town, the estranged lovers' passion rekindles. This strikes a flurry of jealousy and suspicion between Desirée; Fredrik; Fredrick's wife, Anne; Desirée's current lover, the Count; and the Count's wife, Charlotte. Both men – as well as their jealous wives – agree to join Desirée and her family for a weekend in the country at Desirée's mother's estate. With everyone in one place, infinite possibilities of new romances and second chances bring endless surprises.", "precise_score": 5.789997577667236, "rough_score": 6.303176403045654, "source": "search", "title": "A Little Night Music | Music Theatre International" }, { "answer": "Sweden", "passage": "Romantic liaisons are played out beneath the mysterious summer night of turn-of-the-century Sweden in Stephen Sondheim's Tony Award-winning musical comedy, A Little Night Music. Directed by Stefan Novinski with Musical Direction by Dennis Castellano, the South Coast Repertory production ran from Sept. 7 - Oct. 7, 2007. CREDITS: Music and Lyrics by Stephen Sondheim, Book by Hugh Wheeler, Suggested by a Film by Ingmar Bergman, Originally Produced and Directed on Broadway by Harold Prince. CAST: Christopher Carothers (Mr. Lindquist), Misty Cotton (Petra), Karen Culliver (Mrs. Nordstrom), Joe Farrell (Henrik Egerman), Katie Horwitch (Fredrika Armfeldt), Mark Jacoby (Fredrik Egerman), Damon Kirsche (Count Carl-Magnus Malcolm), Ann Marie Lee (Mrs. Anderssen), Tracy Lore (Mrs. Segstrom), Branden McDonald (Frid), Kevin McMahon (Mr. Erlanson), Amanda Naughton (Countess Charlotte Malcolm), Teri Ralston (Madam Armfeldt), Carolann Sanita (Anne Egerman), Stephanie Zimbalist (Desirée Armfeldt). CREATIVE TEAM: Ken Roht (choreography), Sibyl Wickersheimer (set design), Shigeru Yaji (costume design), Christopher Akerlind (lighting design), Drew Dalzell (sound design), Megan Monaghan (dramaturg) and Jamie A. Tucker (stage manager). Videography by Media Magic (www.mediamagicvideo.com)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.8103227615356445, "source": "search", "title": "A Little Night Music - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Sweden", "passage": "Watts, Richard. \"Happy Evening in Sweden.\" New York Post, February 26, 1973.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.723214149475098, "source": "search", "title": "Sondheim Notes: A Little Night Music - Homestead" }, { "answer": "Sweden", "passage": "We are in Sweden at the turn of the century and at the house of Fredrik Egerman a permanent Nordic frost of sexual frustration seems to have settled. Passion flares, they say, when the time is right, but when is that time? After eleven months of non-consummated marriage to his teenage bride, Fredrik is impatient: he wants her Now. Downstairs, Henrik, the issue of his first marriage, is making fumbling advances to Petra the maid and being repulsed, as always, with the promise of Later. Upstairs again, Fredrik's young wife Anne, no older than her stepson, promises that she will be her husband's ... Soon.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.095388412475586, "source": "search", "title": "A Little Night Music - Sondheim - The Guide to Musical Theatre" } ]

[ { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Gypsy Rose Lee (January 8, 1911 Karen Abbott (2010) American Rose: A Nation Laid Bare, The Life and Times of Gypsy Rose Lee, New York: Random House; ISBN 1-4000-6691-3; – April 26, 1970) was an American burlesque entertainer famous for her striptease act. She was also an actress, author, and playwright whose 1957 memoir was made into the stage musical and film Gypsy.", "precise_score": 4.932910442352295, "rough_score": 6.273658275604248, "source": "wiki", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "In 2015 the Cleveland-based band Shock Frenzy wrote and recorded the song \"Garden of Dreams\" about Gypsy Rose Lee, June Havoc and their mother.", "precise_score": 2.2171921730041504, "rough_score": 5.624567985534668, "source": "wiki", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "*The Gypsy Rose Lee Show (1958)", "precise_score": 5.7455925941467285, "rough_score": 7.722585201263428, "source": "wiki", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Gypsy Rose Lee - Biography - IMDb", "precise_score": 1.6302032470703125, "rough_score": 5.196925640106201, "source": "search", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Gypsy Rose Lee", "precise_score": 1.6913448572158813, "rough_score": 5.3091912269592285, "source": "search", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "In the 1940s, Gypsy Rose Lee was in love with the theatrical impresario Michael Todd , who produced two Broadway shows starring Lee (\"Star and Garter\" and \"The Naked Genius\"). She married Alexander Kirkland in 1942 in an attempt to make the already-married Todd jealous. They divorced in 1944. While married to Kirkland, she had a brief fling with Otto Preminger . The fruit of their affair was a boy named Erik Lee, who has been known successively as Erik Kirkland, Erik de Diego, and Erik Lee Preminger .", "precise_score": 4.336437702178955, "rough_score": 5.826419830322266, "source": "search", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Portrayed by Natalie Wood in Gypsy (1962) and even appeared on set to give Wood advice on how to perform the stripper dance routines. In real life Wood was actually eight inches shorter than the real Gypsy Rose Lee.", "precise_score": 2.0954082012176514, "rough_score": 6.170071601867676, "source": "search", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "BIOGRAPHY: Gypsy Rose Lee Lifetime", "precise_score": 1.6043508052825928, "rough_score": 4.978484630584717, "source": "search", "title": "BIOGRAPHY: Gypsy Rose Lee Lifetime" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Gypsy Rose Lee", "precise_score": 1.6913448572158813, "rough_score": 5.3091912269592285, "source": "search", "title": "“American Rose”: The thinking man’s stripper - Salon.com" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "As portrayed in Abbott’s sad, smart, brassy biography, Gypsy Rose Lee was a creature of such overdeveloped boundaries because she was raised by a woman who had no boundaries at all. Gypsy’s autobiography, and especially the hit stage musical and film based on it, made the mother even more notorious than the daughter. “Gypsy!” was a horror story masquerading as a show-biz saga, and Rose Hovick was its monster. However, the play and the memoir were, like everything else having to do with that family, highly fictionalized: It turns out that Rose, the archetypal stage mother, was even worse in real life. She was, for example, guilty of at least two murders, and (according to Abbott) possibly a third.", "precise_score": 7.5442118644714355, "rough_score": 8.414775848388672, "source": "search", "title": "“American Rose”: The thinking man’s stripper - Salon.com" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Mother Rose died of colon cancer in 1954. With their mother gone, June and sister Gypsy Rose Lee decided they could write about their lives without risking a lawsuit. Lee's memoirs, entitled \"Gypsy\", were published in 1957, and later evolved into the smash Broadway musical starring Ethel Merman as Mama Rose.", "precise_score": 4.991866588592529, "rough_score": 5.826387405395508, "source": "search", "title": "June Havoc - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "This summer, the top destination for gay theater-loving visitors to New York will undoubtedly be the Broadway revival of Gypsy starring Bernadette Peters. One of the all-time great musicals, it has a score packed with glorious top-drawer tunes. Based on the autobiography of world-famous stripper Gypsy Rose Lee, the show centers on her relationship with her mother, Rose, who drove her to fame and then drove her away. The parental concern that slides into narcissism, the child�s rebellion that is required for individuation -- the themes of Gypsy are as universal as any Greek myth. ", "precise_score": 8.352913856506348, "rough_score": 7.715508460998535, "source": "search", "title": "HOW GAY IS \"GYPSY\"? by Don Shewey" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "(1993) Bette Midler, Peter Riergert - Based on the autobiography of Gypsy Rose Lee, a burlesque dancer, this is the story of a stripper with an overbearing stage mother. This was also a successful show on Broadway.", "precise_score": 9.66900634765625, "rough_score": 9.494897842407227, "source": "search", "title": "Gypsy : Program : Ovation Official Site" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Gypsy Rose Lee was born in Seattle, Washington on January 8, 1911, Karen Abbott (2010) American Rose: A Nation Laid Bare, The Life and Times of Gypsy Rose Lee, New York: Random House; ISBN 1-4000-6691-3; as Rose Louise Hovick; however, she always gave January 9 as her date of birth. Louise's sister, actress June Havoc, born Ellen June Hovick or Ellen Evangeline Hovick, was born on November 8, 1912. Their mother, Rose (née Rose Evangeline Thompson), daughter of Charles and Anna Thompson, forged various birth certificates for each of her daughters -- older when needed to evade varying state child labour laws, and younger for reduced or free train fares. The girls were unsure until later in life what their years of birth were.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.4057745933532715, "source": "wiki", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Rose had married Norwegian-American, John Olaf Hovick, a newspaper advertising salesman and a reporter at The Seattle Times. Noralee Frankel (2009) Stripping Gypsy: The Life of Gypsy Rose Lee, Oxford University Press US; ISBN 0-19-536803-7; ISBN 978-0-19-536803-1 They married on May 28, 1910 in Seattle, Washington. They divorced on August 20, 1915. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.866468906402588, "source": "wiki", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Her innovations were an almost casual strip style compared to the herky-jerky styles of most burlesque strippers (she emphasized the \"tease\" in \"striptease\"), and she brought a sharp sense of humor into her act as well. She became as famous for her onstage wit as for her strip style, and – changing her stage name to Gypsy Rose Lee – she became one of the biggest stars of Minsky's Burlesque, where she performed for four years. She was frequently arrested in raids on the Minsky brothers' shows. During the Great Depression, Lee spoke at various union meetings in support of New York laborers. According to activist Harry Fisher, her talks were among those that attracted the largest audiences. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.6575703620910645, "source": "wiki", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "In Hollywood, she married Arnold \"Bob\" Mizzy on August 25, 1937, at the insistence of the film studio. In 1942, she married William Alexander Kirkland; they divorced in 1944. While married to Kirkland, she gave birth on December 11, 1944, to a son fathered by Otto Preminger. Her son was named Erik Lee, but has since been known successively as Erik Kirkland, Erik de Diego, and Erik Lee Preminger. Gypsy married a third time in 1948, to Julio de Diego, but that union also ended in divorce. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.571868896484375, "source": "wiki", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "In 1940 she purchased a townhouse on East 63rd St in Manhattan with a private courtyard, 26 rooms and seven baths.Zemeckis, Leslie (2013). Behind The Burly Q Check, Delaware, USA: Skyhorse Publishing; ISBN 978-1-62087-691-6 Mother Rose continued to demand money from Lee and Havoc. Lee rented a 10-room apartment on West End Avenue in Manhattan for Rose, who opened a boardinghouse for women there. On one occasion in the 1930s, Rose shot and killed a woman who was either a guest at the boardinghouse or a guest on the farm in Highland Mills in Orange County, New York that Rose owned. A historical web site for lesbians cites varying reports of which place was the scene of the crime. According to Gypsy's son, Erik Lee Preminger, who is the author of several books, the murder victim was Mother Rose's female lover, who had allegedly made a pass at Gypsy. The violent incident was investigated and reportedly explained away as a suicide. Mother Rose was not prosecuted. She died in 1954 of colon cancer.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.7048366069793701, "source": "wiki", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "After the death of their mother, the sisters now felt free to write about her without risking a lawsuit. Gypsy's memoirs, titled Gypsy, were published in 1957 and were taken as inspirational material for the Jule Styne, Stephen Sondheim, and Arthur Laurents musical Gypsy: A Musical Fable. June Havoc did not like the way she was portrayed in the piece, but she was eventually persuaded (and paid) not to oppose it for her sister's sake. The play and the subsequent movie deal assured Gypsy a steady income. The sisters became estranged for a period of time but reconciled. June, in turn, wrote Early Havoc and More Havoc, to relate her version of the story. Gypsy Rose Lee went on to host a morning San Francisco KGO-TV television talk show, Gypsy. The walls of her Los Angeles home were adorned with pictures by Joan Miró, Pablo Picasso, Marc Chagall, Max Ernst, and Dorothea Tanning, all of which were reportedly gifts to her by the artists themselves. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.3461195230484009, "source": "wiki", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Like Picasso, Gypsy Rose Lee was a supporter of the Popular Front movement in the Spanish Civil War and raised money for charity to alleviate the suffering of Spanish children during the conflict. \"She became politically active, and supported Spanish Loyalists during Spain's Civil War. She also became a fixture at Communist United Front meetings, and was investigated by the House Committee on un-American activities.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.7147136926651, "source": "wiki", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "The song \"Zip\" from the musical \"Pal Joey\" (written by Richard Rodgers and Lorenz Hart) imagines the thoughts and musings that go through Gypsy Rose Lee's mind while she strips onstage as recounted by way of an interviewer who sings of their encounter with Miss Lee as being \"the greatest achievement\" they'd had. Elaine Stritch regularly performed this song (as the interviewer) for many years.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.9721620082855225, "source": "wiki", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Punk band The Distillers wrote \"Gypsy Rose Lee\", a song for their debut album in 2000.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.6689461469650269, "source": "wiki", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "In 1973, Tony Orlando and Dawn recorded \"(Say Has Anybody Seen My) Sweet Gypsy Rose?\" by W.M. Irwin Levine & L. Russell Brown. (The song uses her name and profession, but relies on a fictitious prior life.)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.676909923553467, "source": "wiki", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "In January 2012, Seattle Theater Writers (a group of arts critics for various publications) awarded the first Gypsy Rose Lee Awards, honoring her Seattle roots and celebrating excellence in local theatre.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.7655978202819824, "source": "wiki", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "*Gypsy (1965)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.828758716583252, "source": "wiki", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "*Gypsy: A Memoir (New York: Harper & Bros., 1957)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.4624152183532715, "source": "wiki", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Born Rose Louise Hovick in Seattle, Washington, in 1911, but called Louise from early childhood, Gypsy Rose Lee was the daughter of a mild-mannered businessman and a restless, fiery young woman named Rose, who was determined to get out of Seattle and make a life for herself and her daughter in show business. In 1912, Rose had another child, June. Rose thought June was much more beautiful, photogenic and talented than Louise apparently could ever hope to be, which soon caused her to pack up her two children and search for a career in vaudeville (she divorced her husband when he objected to a career in show business). By the time Louise was seven and June five, they had put together a very successful act, Baby June and Her Farmboys. June was, of course, the star, and Louise was put in the chorus, though she did get an occasional moment in the spotlight. The act was making $1500 a week, but the family was not exactly living in high style, having to scrimp and save much of the time in order to buy food, and often in debt. There are many who believe that Rose was squandering the money.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.8420284986495972, "source": "search", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "For her stage name she took Gypsy, a nickname she derived from her hobby of reading tea leaves, and combined it with her real first name, Rose, and Lee, which she added on a whim. As Gypsy Rose Lee she launched a hugely successful career in burlesque, incorporating humor and intelligence, as well as the requisite removal of various articles of clothing, into her act. She became extremely popular, even appearing at the last place anyone would expect, high society balls. Once she had conquered the stages of burlesque, she decided to try her hand at movies. Billed under her real name, Louise Hovick--because the studio heads were afraid her stage name would scare people away--she made her film debut in Ali Baba Goes to Town (1937). It was a forgettable film, and her performance wasn't much more memorable. She appeared in three more films in the 1930s, and two more in the 1940s, but her film career was pretty much a bust. She tried her hand at writing with the \"burlesque mystery\" novel \"The G-String Murders\" (1941), which was made into the film Lady of Burlesque (1943), starring Barbara Stanwyck . By the 1950s, however, she was comfortable just being a sort of queen mother of burlesque. She had gone through three unhappy marriages, as well as affairs with showman Michael Todd and director Otto Preminger ; the latter was the father of her only child, Erik Lee Preminger . She was not close to her sister June, who by this time had changed her name and was known as actress/dancer June Havoc . She also still had to contend with Mama Rose, who constantly tried to extort money from her with vicious threats. It wasn't until Rose died from terminal cancer in 1954 that Gypsy truly felt safe to write her memoirs, without having to worry anymore about her mother's repercussions. Her autobiography, \"Gypsy\", was published in 1957. Detailing her childhood in vaudeville and her relationship with her mother. It was an immediate bestseller. Broadway producers also noticed it and decided it would make a great musical, and so was born what many consider the best Broadway musical of all time: \"Gypsy\". With book by Arthur Laurents , music by Jule Styne and lyrics by Stephen Sondheim , it premiered in 1959 and was an immediate smash. However, though Gypsy was an important character, of course, it did not focus on her alone, but rather on the hard-boiled, driven, single-minded, even monstrous stage mother that was Mama Rose.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.0387725830078125, "source": "search", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "This time it was Rose who was the star, which, as the musical implies, was perhaps what she always wanted. The musical has been frequently revived and been made into two films. The role of Mama Rose has been played by, among others, Ethel Merman , Angela Lansbury , Tyne Daly , Bette Midler and Betty Buckley . Gypsy Rose Lee was able to enjoy the musical's success in her last years. She had appeared in three films in the 1950s, and made three more in the 1960s, including a cameo in, of all films, the family comedy The Trouble with Angels (1966), opposite Hayley Mills and Rosalind Russell , who played Mama Rose in the first screen version of the play, Gypsy (1962). The real Gypsy even hosted two incarnations of her own talk show. She died of cancer in 1970. Even if her film career wasn't spectacular, she was immortalized on the stage of both burlesque and Broadway.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.849142551422119, "source": "search", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Gypsy Rose started dancing and stripping at burlesque houses at the age of 15 with the assistance of fellow dancer \"Tessie The Tassel Twirler.\" She retired from burlesque 8 years later to appear in films but documented her rise to fame and adventurous relationship with her mother in the autobiographical book, \"Gypsy.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.050126075744629, "source": "search", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "At one of her weddings, Gypsy had a chimpanzee as a ring bearer.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.705089569091797, "source": "search", "title": "Gypsy Rose Lee - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Gypsy Rose Lee was born Rose Louise Hovick on 14 February 1911 in Washington to advertising salesman John Olaf Hovick and his teenage bride Rose. Her younger sister, who would become an actress too, was born in 1913.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.9055986404418945, "source": "search", "title": "BIOGRAPHY: Gypsy Rose Lee Lifetime" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Her early career consisted of touring the provinces in a vaudeville act co-starring with her sister, and managed by her mother. Her sister, June Havoc, began a solo career, and Rose Louise became the Gypsy Rose Lee character, “intellectual stripper”.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.7651347517967224, "source": "search", "title": "BIOGRAPHY: Gypsy Rose Lee Lifetime" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Gypsy was overshadowed by her talented younger sister and vaudeville was dying out. Her mother took the girls to a burlesque house and at the age of 15, Gypsy made her debut.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.076972007751465, "source": "search", "title": "BIOGRAPHY: Gypsy Rose Lee Lifetime" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Gypsy had an affair with film producer Mike Todd and in an attempt to make him jealous married William Alexander Kirkland in 1942, later divorcing in 1944.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.527517318725586, "source": "search", "title": "BIOGRAPHY: Gypsy Rose Lee Lifetime" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Initially appearing as Louise Hovich, she earned billing as Gypsy Rose Lee by 1943, and she excelled at comic roles in films such as 'Belle of the Yukon' in 1944.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.555355072021484, "source": "search", "title": "BIOGRAPHY: Gypsy Rose Lee Lifetime" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "In 1948, Gypsy married third husband Julio de Diego but they divorced in 1955.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.514128684997559, "source": "search", "title": "BIOGRAPHY: Gypsy Rose Lee Lifetime" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Throughout her career, Gypsy had to deal with her mother who tried to exhort money through vicious threats until her death from terminal cancer in 1954.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.3756742477417, "source": "search", "title": "BIOGRAPHY: Gypsy Rose Lee Lifetime" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "It was her – admittedly fanciful - autobiography, 'Gypsy: A Memoir', published in 1957, which secured her fame. It was adapted for the stage by Arthur Laurents and Stephen Sondheim.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.30060869455337524, "source": "search", "title": "BIOGRAPHY: Gypsy Rose Lee Lifetime" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Perhaps the most illuminating anecdote recorded in Karen Abbott’s “American Rose: A Nation Laid Bare: The Life and Times of Gypsy Rose Lee” concerns the conception of the famous striptease artist’s son, Erik. Gypsy, at the age of 33, decided that she wanted to have a child — also, that she’d stick to the plan she’d once outlined to her sister June, of selecting as the father “the toughest, meanest son of a bitch that I can find, somebody who’s ruthless, and my child will rule the world.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.4402308464050293, "source": "search", "title": "“American Rose”: The thinking man’s stripper - Salon.com" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "She chose the great Hollywood film director Otto Preminger and slept with him exactly once before leaving town without saying good-bye. Months later, on a visit to New York City, Preminger looked up Gypsy to find out what happened, and discovered her in the hospital, about to give birth to his son. “I want to bring him up to be my son only,” she informed the startled man, and made him promise never to reveal his own role in the matter. When Erik, at the age of 18, demanded to know why she wouldn’t tell him who his father was, she replied, “Because it’s none of your business.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.38945198059082, "source": "search", "title": "“American Rose”: The thinking man’s stripper - Salon.com" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Still, the bones of “Gypsy!” are essentially true: Rose’s voracious, almost inhuman ambition, the early fame of Gypsy’s younger sister (who could toe-dance at the age of two and a half) as “Baby June” on the vaudeville circuit and the desperation that set in when radio, movies and the Depression drove vaudeville to extinction. Then June ran away with one of the act’s chorus boys and things got even worse. Louise (as Gypsy was then known) could not sing, dance or act, but she was willing to take her clothes off on stage to put food in their mouths, and shrewd theater operators soon recognized that the way she did it was something special.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.233567237854004, "source": "search", "title": "“American Rose”: The thinking man’s stripper - Salon.com" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Billy spotted Gypsy in a Newark burlesque house in the early ’30s, told her to stop curling her hair, brought her to New York and made her a star — but the essence of her act was already in place. She was funny, smart and behaved like a sophisticated lady, who, much to her own surprise, happened to wind up half naked in front of a crowd of appreciative men. In later years, she referred to her performances as “straight comedy,” rather than “an exotic sexual spectacle,” but it was really a combination of the two; poised humor as an aphrodisiac so potent that, according to one eyewitness, “every slight smile, curved hip, raised arm and seductive thrust created a frenzy.” She always had a quip for the press (“I wasn’t naked,” she said after one raid. “I was completely covered in a blue spotlight”) and her own talent for publicity soon made her a household name. The more famous and adored she became, the fewer garments she had to take off.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.894789218902588, "source": "search", "title": "“American Rose”: The thinking man’s stripper - Salon.com" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "No one really knew Gypsy Rose Lee, as one source after another informs Abbott. Even her sister, who became a noted actress under the name June Havoc and who granted Abbott an interview shortly before she died in 2010, wrote Gypsy a letter complaining “you don’t let me very close.” Both women were excruciatingly but inescapably fused to their mother, and this triangle defined their lives. Gypsy married three times, although not to the only man who seems to have really gotten under her skin — the impresario Mike Todd, who died in a plane crash one year after marrying Elizabeth Taylor. Gypsy and June fought, then reconciled, with June helping to nurse Gypsy through her final battle with lung cancer in 1970. Even so, as Gypsy lay dying, she whispered to Erik, “After I go, don’t let June in the house. She’ll rob you blind.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.5701520442962646, "source": "search", "title": "“American Rose”: The thinking man’s stripper - Salon.com" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "The impenetrability of her subject doesn’t slow Abbott down much, but the sheer preponderance of ass-covering, self-mythologizing sources sometimes sets the reader’s head to spinning. Was the raid on Minsky’s a real raid, or not? What exactly happened to Gypsy and Rose during the year they “never talked about,” between the day Gypsy started stripping and the day Billy Minsky singled her out for stardom? Was Gypsy at her upstate New York farmhouse on the night in 1937 when a young woman — part of a “lesbian harem” that congregated around Rose — supposedly (but not very plausibly) shot herself in the head with a rifle? In the end, you have to surrender any attachment to the facts, and stand in awe of the titanic will that went into the creation of Gypsy Rose Lee. She was a “strutting, bawdy, erudite conundrum” (to quote Abbott), a survival artist of the highest order whose masterpiece consisted of figuring out how to “mine her past so she’d never have to relive it.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.49569031596183777, "source": "search", "title": "“American Rose”: The thinking man’s stripper - Salon.com" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Her childhood as Baby June, vaudeville headliner, was immortalized on Broadway in the 1959 musical \"Gypsy,\" in which both June Havoc and her older sister, Louise - who would become burlesque queen Gypsy Rose Lee - were driven by the ultimate stage mother, Rose Hovick, to become stars. Havoc went on to have a career in TV and films, proving to be a capable actress, even if she never reached the top ranks of Hollywood stars. Blonde-haired and blue-eyed, Havoc was best remembered for her work in the 1940 Broadway production of \"Pal Joey\" and for such feature films as \"Gentleman's Agreement\" (1947), in which she played Miss Wales, the Jewish secretary of Gregory Peck who changes her name and finds herself accused of anti-Semitism.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.2030067443847656, "source": "search", "title": "June Havoc | Biography and Filmography | 1912" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Musical theater devotees will undoubtedly know that the song \"Let Me Entertain You\" was from the classic musical \"Gypsy\", the born-in-a-trunk story of resilient kid troopers Gypsy Rose Lee and June Havoc who were mercilessly pushed into vaudeville careers by an unbearably headstrong mother. While the lesser-talented Gypsy, of course, became the legendary ecdysiast who turned stripping into an art form, sister June survived her \"Baby June\" vaudeville child days of old and the tougher road of Depression-era dance marathons to become a reputable actress of stage, screen and TV, among other things. While June may have immortalized in \"Gypsy,\" based on her older sister's memoirs, it was a bittersweet notoriety as she felt it was a very unjust, hurtful and highly inaccurate portrait of her. It also caused a deep rift between the sisters that lasted for well over a decade.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.7899627685546875, "source": "search", "title": "June Havoc - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "The Canadian-born actress (she was born in Vancouver, not Seattle) entered the world in 1912 (some sources insist 1913 or 1916, but Havoc confirmed her true birth date in 2006), the younger daughter of audacious \"stage mother\" Rose Thompson Hovick and her husband, John Olaf Hovick, a cub reporter for a Seattle newspaper. Baby June was primed for stardom by Rose by age 2 and was soon dancing with the great ballerina Anna Pavlova and appearing in Hal Roach film shorts (1918-1924) with Harold Lloyd . A flexible, high-kicking vaudeville sensation at 5, she was featured front-and-center in an act completely built around her (\"Dainty June and Her Newsboys\"). Earning around $1,500 a week at her peak, the delightful child star had audiences eating out of the palm of her little hand while sharing the stage with the likes of \"Red-Hot Mama\" Sophie Tucker and \"Baby Snooks\" Fanny Brice . The unrelenting pressures and suffocating dominance of her mother, however, led to a capricious elopement at age 13 with a young boy from the act (Bobby Reed, who inspired the dancing character of Tulsa in \"Gypsy\"). They married in North Platte, Nebraska with each lying about their age. By the time the Depression hit, however, vaudeville, the nation's economy and her marriage had all collapsed.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.113268852233887, "source": "search", "title": "June Havoc - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "June's mid-career biography \"Early Havoc\" was published in 1959. Married three times (her last husband, producer/director/writer William Spier died in 1973), June was long estranged from her sister, none too happy with Gypsy's portrayal of her in the best-selling memoir, \"Gypsy\" and equally dismayed of her Baby June character in the smash musical hit. The girls, noted for their trademark elongated faces and shapely gams, were estranged as children as well, but eventually patched things up for a time as adults. The sisters didn't truly grow close until Gypsy told June that she was dying of lung cancer in 1970. June elaborated more about her relationship with her sister in her second autobiography, \"More Havoc\" in 1980.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.204983234405518, "source": "search", "title": "June Havoc - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Sister of Gypsy Rose Lee .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.111259460449219, "source": "search", "title": "June Havoc - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "\"Baby\" June Havoc was very unhappy over the content of her sister Gypsy Rose Lee 's musical memoir \"Gypsy,\" which became a monstrous hit on Broadway in the 1950s. The estrangement between the two lasted over a decade and only ended when Gypsy told June she was dying of cancer and wanted to make amends.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.4788055419921875, "source": "search", "title": "June Havoc - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Books by Gypsy Rose Lee", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.414462566375732, "source": "search", "title": "Amazon.com: Gypsy Rose Lee: Books, Biography, Blog ..." }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "HOW GAY IS \"GYPSY\"? by Don Shewey", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.774415016174316, "source": "search", "title": "HOW GAY IS \"GYPSY\"? by Don Shewey" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "HOW GAY IS \"GYPSY\"?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.782322883605957, "source": "search", "title": "HOW GAY IS \"GYPSY\"? by Don Shewey" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "GYPSY * Book by Arthur Laurents * Music by Jule Styne * Lyrics by Stephen Sondheim * Directed by Sam Mendes * Starring Bernadette Peters, Tammy Blanchard, and John Dossett * Shubert Theatre, New York City.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.576704025268555, "source": "search", "title": "HOW GAY IS \"GYPSY\"? by Don Shewey" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Yet Gypsy is not what you�d call a gay musical. While some of the original creators were gay (Arthur Laurents, who conceived the show and wrote the book, Stephen Sondheim, who wrote the lyrics, and Jerome Robbins, who directed and choreographed), the composer Jule Styne was not, and the current director, Sam Mendes (who directed the film American Beauty), is not. There�s no overt gay content, even though in his memoir Laurents indicates that both Gypsy and her mother had lesbian relationships. So what gives this show its gay appeal? ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.2342448234558105, "source": "search", "title": "HOW GAY IS \"GYPSY\"? by Don Shewey" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Partly it�s the diva thing. Just as opera queens relish debating the relative merits of Callas and Tebaldi in every role they ever sang, show folk can�t resist measuring subsequent Roses (Angela Lansbury, Tyne Daly, Rosalind Russell, Bette Midler) against the ferocious standard set by Ethel Merman in the original production of Gypsy. Bernadette Peters may be the most unlikely Rose to date, and before the opening many wondered whether the sweetheart of Broadway could transform into the scary tyrant that Rose must be. Thankfully, her performance provides no definitive answer. Some critics went wild for it, but this picky queen (and ardent Bernadettophile) felt that, for all the pain and ruthless determination she mustered, there was ultimately something missing, that her \"Rose�s Turn\" was more temper tantrum than nervous breakdown. Nonetheless, it�s worth seeing. And aficionados of minor divas will enjoy longtime Charles Busch associate Julie Halston, who practically steals the show as an uproariously minimal bump-and-grind dancer.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.7075116634368896, "source": "search", "title": "HOW GAY IS \"GYPSY\"? by Don Shewey" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Backstage musicals often carry a strong gay subtext. Before coming out and sometimes after, \"putting on a show\" (acting straight) is a way of life for gay people. In Gypsy notice how virtually all of the women put on an elaborate charade of heterosexuality. The one boy-girl romantic scene between Louise (Tammy Blanchard) and Tulsa (David Burtka) has all the sexual sizzle of a date between Tommy Tune and Cherry Jones. And despite her three marriages, Rose�s heterosexuality is as utilitarian as that of the burlesque strippers -- it�s a way to get where you�re going. It�s never clear whether her lack of juice is an intended feminist point -- born two decades later, someone as driven as Rose might have been allowed to succeed in business (like Joan Crawford in Mommie Dearest?) -- or a failure on the part of the show�s creators to imagine motherhood coexisting with sexuality. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.5367653369903564, "source": "search", "title": "HOW GAY IS \"GYPSY\"? by Don Shewey" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Literary critic D.A. Miller spends half of his 1998 book-length essay on the Broadway musical, Place for Us, on a fascinating, homocentric analysis of Gypsy, detailing his own ardent identification with the gender-variant pants-wearing character he insists on calling Boy Louise. (Until she transforms into Gypsy, the stripper, Louise is always seen in pants.) And he expounds upon \"the organized appeal made to gay men by the post-[World War II] Broadway musical,\" suggesting that ostensibly hetero shows like Gypsy may serve better than specifically gay shows like La Cage aux Folles to convey \"the homosexual desire that diffuses through �other� subjects, objects, relations, all over the form.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.538151264190674, "source": "search", "title": "HOW GAY IS \"GYPSY\"? by Don Shewey" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Gypsy : Program : Ovation Official Site", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.829263687133789, "source": "search", "title": "Gypsy : Program : Ovation Official Site" }, { "answer": "Gypsy", "passage": "Gypsy", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.90776252746582, "source": "search", "title": "Gypsy : Program : Ovation Official Site" } ]

[ { "answer": "Love", "passage": "Lloyd Webber had toyed with the idea of writing a musical based on Billy Wilder's critically acclaimed movie, Sunset Boulevard, since the early 1970s when he saw the film, but the project didn't come to fruition until after the completion of Aspects of Love when the composer finally managed to secure the rights from Paramount Pictures, The composer worked with two collaborators, as he had done on Aspects of Love; this time Christopher Hampton and Don Black shared equal credit for the book and lyrics. The show opened at the Adelphi Theatre in London on 12 July 1993, and ran for 1,529 performances. In spite of the show's popularity and extensive run in London's West End, it lost money due to the sheer expense of the production.", "precise_score": 3.1619246006011963, "rough_score": 3.3042194843292236, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "One of my favorite albums is John Barrowman Swings Cole Porter, and I was worried that Aspects of Andrew Lloyd Webber would pale in comparison. I shouldn't have worried. John's got an amazing voice, and he can put so much emotion into a song it's scary. His version of Love Changes Everything is not only my favorite take on the song, it's probably in my top ten songs of all time. Fantastic job!", "precise_score": 1.7274091243743896, "rough_score": 0.5545860528945923, "source": "search", "title": "Aspects of Andrew Lloyd Webber - itunes.apple.com" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "Aspects of Love [Original Cast Recording] - Andrew Lloyd Webber,Michael Reed | Songs, Reviews, Credits | AllMusic", "precise_score": 1.775629997253418, "rough_score": 2.7326714992523193, "source": "search", "title": "Aspects of Love [Original Cast Recording] - Andrew Lloyd ..." }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "Originating in London in 1989, Andrew Lloyd Webber 's Aspects of Love was poorly received when it crossed the ocean to New York. Of course, compared to the success Webber had achieved with Phantom of the Opera, nearly any response would have seemed cold. Still, Aspects of Love is a hard sell: a young man falls for an actress who in turn falls for his older uncle who already has a mistress. The actress and uncle have a daughter, who then falls for the young man. The score contains the beautiful \"Love Changes Everything,\" and Michael Ball (the original Marius in the London version of Les Misèrables) gives a wonderful performance. Aspects of Love is a bit of an acquired taste, but it does have some worthwhile moments.", "precise_score": 7.229609489440918, "rough_score": 7.335655212402344, "source": "search", "title": "Aspects of Love [Original Cast Recording] - Andrew Lloyd ..." }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "In the early 1970s, Lloyd Webber wrote for the stage and movies. First two films were ‘Gumshoe’ and ‘The Odessa File’. During this period of time, he worked in cooperation with his friend, Rice and produced the well-known “Jesus Christ Superstar”. This theatrical work provoked a series of religious protests against modern interpretation of the Christ and moral decay. This work showed that music is a highly complex subject which has an impact on culture in three different ways: socialization, influences which shape behavior in a particular social setting, will determine individual orientations to life. Also, Lloyd Webber initiated a new musical vision of reality utilizing pop and rock elements through the lens of religious and social problems. Some critics comment that ‘Jesus Christ Superstar’ marked the “emergence of rock music culture” (Orlova, 1991, p. 66). The main actors of this musical work were vocalists Ian Gillan, Michael D’Abo, Yvonne Elliman and Paul Raven, accompanied by a symphony orchestra. Lloyd Weber comments: “With Superstar it was very clear where my own feelings as a composer lay, and the most successful music there in “pop” terms was the music sung by Judas” (Polkow, n.d.). The film version appeared in 1973, but it was not successful. Ideals of eternal love and forgiveness, inherited by popular singers, are nothing more than the main religious dogmas. This impact is subconscious, but it exists in all forms in Lloyd Webber’s music.", "precise_score": 1.273182988166809, "rough_score": -1.7488200664520264, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber - ProfEssays.com™" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "Lloyd Webber indulged more person­al if lucrative artistic whims in such as “Requiem”, written for his father, which, along with Variations, became a best-selling album. A later set, “Premiere Collection”, went triple platinum. A spin-off from “Requiem”, “Pie Jesu” (1985), was a hit single for Paul Miles-Kington and Sarah “Brightman, the composer’s second wife. She received appraisal of critics with two numbers from Lloyd Webber’s “The Phantom Of The Opera” duetting with Steve Harley on the title theme, and later with Cliff Richard on ‘All I Ask Of You. The original ‘Phantom’, Michael Crawford, had great success with his recording of another song hit from the show, The Music Of The Night’, Controversy followed, wm Lloyd Webber’s battle to ensure that Brightman re-created her role of Christine in the Broadway production in 1988. His investors capitulated, reasoning that future Lloyd Webber cre­ations were guaranteed box office smashes before their very conception. Following Greer (1999), it is possible to say that “the age demanded Lloyd Webber” (p. 98) and forced him to create outdating musical and theatrical performance unveiling social and moral decay of the society and separate individual.  “Aspects Of Love” which also starred Brightman failed, but at the end of 1991 it ran for more than 300 performances.", "precise_score": 3.1050546169281006, "rough_score": 0.09133937954902649, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber - ProfEssays.com™" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "What drove him on was “a desire for serious recognition as a composer” (Hischak, 1993, p. 55), a frustration that embittered his lather, whose death he mourned in a Requiem that was derivative enough to sound like a synthesis of untraceable bars by Puccini and Faure. It was so sensually uninvolving as to raise questions about Lloyd Webber’s human feelings. These he addressed in the autobiographical next show, “Phantom of the Opera” an ugly composer who falls in love with a comely singer. His much-publicized mar­riage to its star, Sarah Brightman, lasted six years. His last musical, “Aspects of Love” (1989), was the ultimate bid to write an opera: composed throughout, with genuine arias and set-pieces that still, somehow, sounded as secondhand as Puccini in “The Girl of the Golden West” – a man who knew what he could do and per­sisted in trying to do something else. Shortly after the opening, Lloyd Webber, aged 41, announced on live television that he was giving up writing musicals and would concentrate on making movies. It is possible to define Lloyd Webber as “He’s an entertainment juggernaut; he’s a schlockmeister. He’s the most popular musical-theater composer ever; he hasn’t had an unqualified hit in a dozen years” (Pressley, 1997, p. 36.). Lloyd Webber’s music has affected all aspects of culture, including television and movie industry.", "precise_score": 2.5190207958221436, "rough_score": -1.507357120513916, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber - ProfEssays.com™" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "Downgrading the status of his lyricists, Lloyd Webber went on to a series of successful shows (Song and Dance, Starlight Express) before scoring another long- (and still-) running hit in 1987 (1988 in New York) with a musical adaptation of The Phantom of the Opera. Aspects of Love (1989-1990) was less successful, however. Lloyd Webber debuted a musical adaptation of the Billy Wilder film Sunset Boulevard in the early '90s, and it proved to be one of his rare disappointments, failing to earn either good reviews or healthy ticket sales. In 1996, Alan Parker adapted Evita for the screen; Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice contributed a new song, \"You Must Love Me,\" to the production, which starred Madonna . \"You Must Love Me\" won the Best Original Song award at the 1997 Academy Awards. ~ William Ruhlmann, Rovi", "precise_score": 5.9904632568359375, "rough_score": 3.332839250564575, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber — Listen for free on Spotify" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "Several of his musicals have run for more than a decade both in the West End and on Broadway. He has composed 13 musicals, a song cycle, a set of variations, two film scores, and a Latin Requiem Mass. Several of his songs have been widely recorded and were hits outside of their parent musicals, notably \"The Music of the Night\" from The Phantom of the Opera, \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" from Jesus Christ Superstar, \"Don't Cry for Me, Argentina\" and \"You Must Love Me\" from Evita, \"Any Dream Will Do\" from Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat and \"Memory\" from Cats.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.08598804473877, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "Cricket (1986), also called Cricket (Hearts and Wickets), reunited Lloyd Webber with Tim Rice to create this short musical for Queen Elizabeth's 60th birthday, first performed at Windsor Castle. Several of the tunes were later used for Aspects of Love and Sunset Boulevard.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.277728796005249, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "Aspects of Love followed in 1989, a musical based on the story by David Garnett. The lyrics were by Don Black and Charles Hart and the original production was directed by Trevor Nunn. Aspects had a run of four years in London, but closed after less than a year on Broadway. It has since gone on a tour of the UK.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.0220866203308105, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "On 8 October 2009, Lloyd Webber launched the musical Love Never Dies at a press conference held at Her Majesty's Theatre, where the original Phantom has been running since 1986. Also present were Sierra Boggess, who has been cast as Christine Daaé, and Ramin Karimloo, who portrayed Phantom, a role he most recently played in the West End.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.1246442794799805, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "Following the opening of Love Never Dies, Lloyd Webber again began a search for a new musical theatre performer in the BBC One series Over the Rainbow. He cast the winner, Danielle Hope, in the role of Dorothy and a dog to play Toto in his forthcoming stage production of The Wizard of Oz. He and lyricist and composer Tim Rice wrote a number of new songs for the production to supplement the songs from the film.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.191695213317871, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "On 26 February 2010, he appeared on BBC's Friday Night with Jonathan Ross to promote Love Never Dies.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.1866455078125, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "However, Lloyd Webber's biographer, John Snelson, countered such accusations. He acknowledged a similarity between the Andante movement of Mendelssohn's Violin Concerto in E minor and the Jesus Christ Superstar song \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\", but wrote that Lloyd Webber:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.370276927947998, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "*1996 – Best Original Song for \"You Must Love Me\" from Evita (award shared with Sir Tim Rice)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.43576717376709, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "* 1997 – Best Original Song for \"You Must Love Me\" from Evita (award shared with Sir Tim Rice)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.447908401489258, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "* Aspects of Love (1989)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.881394863128662, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "* Love Never Dies (2010)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.486111640930176, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "A special performance of The Phantom of the Opera at the Royal Albert Hall for the 25th anniversary was broadcast live to cinemas in early October 2011 and later released on DVD and Blu-ray in February 2012. The same was also done with a reworked version of Love Never Dies. Filmed in Melbourne, Australia, it received a limited cinema release in the US and Canada in 2012, to see if it would be viable to bring the show to Broadway. It received positive reviews and was No.1 on DVD charts in the UK and Ireland, and did well in America.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.401071548461914, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "“Jesus Christ Superstar” (1971), another collaboration with Rice, began life as a double album. Concert tours of the “rock opera” followed, and ultimately, a stage version emerged. “Superstar,” the story of the crucifixion of Jesus Christ as seen through the eyes of Pontius Pilate, garnered seven Tony Awards, including Best Musical and Best Score. Mary Magdalene’s song “I Don’t Know How to Love Him” became a pop standard. The 1973 film version starred Ted Neeley and Carl Anderson.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.79397201538086, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber | The Stars | Broadway: The American ..." }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "“Evita” (1974), based on the life of Eva Peron, also began as a concept album. Patti LuPone and Mandy Patinkin starred in the Broadway version. The show received numerous Tony Awards, including Best Actress (LuPone). For the 1996 film which starred Madonna and Antonio Banderas, Lloyd Webber wrote a new song, “You Must Love Me.” The song earned an Academy Award for the composer.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.807645797729492, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber | The Stars | Broadway: The American ..." }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "“Aspects of Love” (1989) launched the career of its male lead, Michael Ball. The sung-through musical was an adaptation of David Garnett’s tale of intergenerational love and included the ballad “Love Changes Everything.” The show played for over three years in London, but its 1990 Broadway run lasted only 377 performances.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.485490798950195, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber | The Stars | Broadway: The American ..." }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "“Whistle Down the Wind” (1998), inspired by the film of the same name, is set in Louisiana in 1959. A collaboration with Jim Steinman, the score includes typically romantic love songs and explosive rock music. In addition to his musical theater works, Lloyd Webber has also written concert works. “Variations” also exists in a version for cello and orchestra. “Requiem” (1985), written for Lloyd Webber’s father, included the memorable duet “Pie Jesu.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.822314262390137, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber | The Stars | Broadway: The American ..." }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "Lovely", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.265871047973633, "source": "search", "title": "Aspects of Andrew Lloyd Webber - itunes.apple.com" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "John Barrowman has an excetional voice. Every track is great to listen too, though personally, Sunset Boulevard is my favorite on this album. If you like his other albums (Also worth picking up!) then you'll love this.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.345479011535645, "source": "search", "title": "Aspects of Andrew Lloyd Webber - itunes.apple.com" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "Has won Broadway's Tony Award three times: in 1980, as Best Score (Musical), his music with lyrics by Tim Rice , for \"Evita;\" in 1983, as Best Score, his music with lyrics by T.S. Eliot , for \"Cats;\" and in 1995, as Best Original Musical Score, his music with lyrics by Don Black and Christopher Hampton , for \"Sunset Boulevard.\" He was Tony-nominated eight other times: in 1972, as Best Score, him as Composer and Rice as Lyricist, for \"Jesus Christ Superstar;\" in 1982, as Best Score, his music with Rice's lyrics, for \"Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat;\" in 1986, as Best Score, with collaborators Black and Richard Maltby Jr. , for \"Song & Dance;\" in 1987, as Best Score, his music with lyrics by Richard Stilgoe for \"Starlight Express;\" in 1988, as Best Book (Musical) with collaborator Stilgoe and Best Score (Musical), with collaborators Stilgoe and Charles Hart for \"The Phantom of the Opera;\" and in 1990, as Best Score (Musical), his music with lyrics by Black and Hart, and Best Book (Musicl) for \"Aspects of Love.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.475523948669434, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "The regrets in the theatre have always been the shows that you know ought to have worked, but for one reason of another haven't. I suppose if I had one regret it's that I would have loved to have had a long-term partner like Rodgers had with either Hart or Hammerstein. I was really hoping that the Tim Rice relationship would have gone on, but I'm obsessed with theatre and for Tim it's something that he does enjoy doing, is very good at, but it isn't his whole life as it is with me.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.156421661376953, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "What strikes me is that there's a very fine line between success and failure. Just one ingredient can make the difference. A really good example of that is design and 'Love Never Lies'. The London production didn't have any consistency of style, so it would go from say, art nouveau to art deco, to straightforward, old-fashioned showbiz. The Australian production had its own language. It was at one with the piece.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.20131778717041, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "Aspects of Love [Original Cast Recording]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.332198143005371, "source": "search", "title": "Aspects of Love [Original Cast Recording] - Andrew Lloyd ..." }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "LOVE CHANGES EVERYTHING - ASPECTS OF LOVE", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.350095748901367, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber - Successful Singing" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "Love Changes Everything – Aspects Of Love", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.336864471435547, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber - Successful Singing" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "CHANSON D'ENFANCE - ASPECTS OF LOVE", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.94589900970459, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber - Successful Singing" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "Chanson D’Enfance – Aspects Of Love", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.988198280334473, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber - Successful Singing" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "I DON'T KNOW HOW TO LOVE HIM - JESUS CHRIST SUPERSTAR", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.46134090423584, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber - Successful Singing" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": " I Don’t Know How To Love Him – Jesus Christ Superstar", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.438603401184082, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber - Successful Singing" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "Love Never Dies", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.439656257629395, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber - Successful Singing" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "LOVE NEVER DIES - ANDREW LLOYD WEBBER", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.2115378379821777, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber - Successful Singing" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": " Love Never Dies – Andrew Lloyd Webber (Musical) – Backing Track", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.988295793533325, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber - Successful Singing" }, { "answer": "Love", "passage": "TIL I HEAR YOU SING - LOVE NEVER DIES - ANDREW LLOYD WEBBER", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.464705467224121, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber - Successful Singing" } ]

[ { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "Beth Leavel, left, and Klea Blackhurst portray America’s favorite matchmaker Dolly Gallagher Levi in two very different productions of Hello, Dolly!", "precise_score": 5.220169544219971, "rough_score": 5.248672962188721, "source": "search", "title": "A tale of two Dollys | Expect the Unexpected" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "Hello, Dolly! is a musical comedy based on Thorton Wilder’s farce The Matchmaker. Set in the late 1890’s at the turn of the century, it tells the story of Dolly Gallagher Levi, a middle-aged widow and matchmaker, who sets out to make one last match — for herself, by nabbing Horace Vandergelder, the famous penny-pinching “Half-A-Millionaire” of Yonkers, NY. Dolly was written by Michael Stewart with music and lyrics by Jerry Herman. The show first opened on Broadway in 1964 and was a long-running smash. It won 10 Tony awards, including Best Leading Actress by Carol Channing. In 1969, it was made into a film starring Barbra Streisand.", "precise_score": 7.730704307556152, "rough_score": 7.4343414306640625, "source": "search", "title": "A tale of two Dollys | Expect the Unexpected" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "Always an audience favorite, Hello, Dolly! is filled with dance and songs that promise to have the audience leaving the theatre humming. Featuring music and lyrics by Jerry Herman, the turn-of-the-century tale tells the story of Dolly Gallagher Levi. Dolly, a New York matchmaker has been enlisted to find a mate for a pompous merchant from Yonkers, New York. Along the way, Dolly decides to match him up with none other than herself. The lively musical features a grand entrance by Dolly as she revisits her once favored haunt, The Harmonia Gardens Restaurant. The musical score features well known numbers like \"Put On Your Sunday Clothes\", \"Before the Parade Passes By\", and the title song \"Hello, Dolly!\"", "precise_score": 7.590577125549316, "rough_score": 7.121790885925293, "source": "search", "title": "Hello, Dolly! - Philadelphia | Tickets, Reviews, Info and More" }, { "answer": "Hello Dolly", "passage": "In the history of Broadway musicals, very few productions have had the type of impact that Hello Dolly has had on today’s music world. The iconic hit musical production first hit the stage in 1964 and was rewarded with several Tony Awards as well as a great deal of commercial and critical acclaim. The story of Hello Dolly unfolds at the turn of the 20th century in New York City and tells the tale of Dolly Gallagher Levi. The production has be hailed by many not only for the inspiring love story that it tells but for providing a historically accurate look at New York City during this time in history.", "precise_score": 6.906407833099365, "rough_score": 6.170773983001709, "source": "search", "title": "Hello Dolly Tickets & Schedule | Coast to Coast Tickets" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "Hello, Dolly! recounts the tale of Dolly Gallagher Levi, a refined matchmaker who has been hired to arrange yet another marriage in 1890s New York. But this time, she’s in business for herself. Employing a host of other talents—like corset re-boning, ear piercing, and dance instructing—Dolly attempts to win over her unsuspecting husband-to-be. This is an irresistible story about the joy of living, glittering with happy songs, shining with loving scenes, alive with the personality of one of the most fabulous characters on the musical stage—Dolly Gallagher Levi. Winner of 10 Tony Awards® including Best Musical, Hello, Dolly! is the show-stopping “perfect match” for every musical fan.", "precise_score": 7.592199325561523, "rough_score": 8.427358627319336, "source": "search", "title": "Hello Dolly (2006) - Ogunquit Playhouse" }, { "answer": "Hello Dolly", "passage": "In June 2010, Lewis’ distinctive voice was in fine form as she told The Jazz Joy and Roy syndicated radio show, “I just did a production of ‘Hello Dolly’ at the 5th Avenue Theatre in Seattle and it had to be one of the greatest productions that I have ever done, because I got to just do a character, Dolly Levi, and it was just great.”", "precise_score": 1.525002360343933, "rough_score": -3.570221424102783, "source": "search", "title": "Jenifer Lewis | Call On Dolly:" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "Broadway, film and television star Jenifer Lewis was a safe bet to don the formidable shoes of Carol Channing, Pearl Bailey, Ethel Merman and many others as Dolly Gallagher Levi, and that bet paid off in the David Armstrong directed and choreographed Hello, Dolly!. But casting Pat Cashman, a veteran radio and TV personality with little or no stage experiences as skinflint Horace Vandergelder? Or Suzanne Bouchard, one of Seattle’s primo purveyors of sophisticated women’s roles from Shakespeare to Coward in the open-hearted and vocally challenging soprano role of Irene Molloy? That was the gamble. Well, the payoff was on 5th Avenue stage in a satisfying Dolly! with some captivating choreography that did the memory of the show’s original director/choreographer Gower Champion proud without slavishly mimicking his work. (Source: Risky Casting Pays off in 5th Avenue’s Hello, Dolly! )", "precise_score": 3.423222064971924, "rough_score": 3.5394866466522217, "source": "search", "title": "Jenifer Lewis | Call On Dolly:" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "“Hello, Dolly!” opened on Broadway in 1964. Based on a story by Thornton Wilder , it tells the tale of widowed matchmaker Dolly Gallagher Levi , who is determined to find a suitable mate for Yonkers’ well-known “half-a-millionaire,” Horace Vandergelder.", "precise_score": 8.521445274353027, "rough_score": 8.213262557983398, "source": "search", "title": "'Hello, Dolly! opens Friday, kicks off new Musicals at ..." }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "Hello, Dolly! concludes Lake Forest High School’s year of stories about making life-changing decisions including Little Women, 12 Angry Jurors, and The Miss Firecracker Contest. Set in the 1890s, the musical comedy tells the tale of a widowed and wily matchmaker, Dolly Gallagher Levi, who sets up a series of comic romantic entanglements before finally shaking up her own life and making a match for herself. It features the songs “Put On Your Sunday Clothes,” “Before the Parade Passes By,” of course the iconic “Hello, Dolly!” and the legendary “Waiters’ Gallop.”", "precise_score": 7.475893020629883, "rough_score": 7.170403480529785, "source": "search", "title": "'Hello, Dolly!' Opens at LFHS - DailyNorthShore" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "I recently saw two productions of Hello, Dolly! The first was at the Cape Cod Playhouse in Dennis, Massachusetts, starring Tony-award winning actress Beth Leavel (The Drowsy Chaperone). The second was in East Haddam, Connecticut at the Goodspeed Opera House, featuring Klea Blackhurst in the title role. Two very different productions, but great fun for this Dolly fan.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.855088710784912, "source": "search", "title": "A tale of two Dollys | Expect the Unexpected" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "The show has since been produced across the world by professional and amateur theater companies. Still popular with audiences today, it’s also the subject of an upcoming book, Call on Dolly: Celebrating 50 Years of Hello, Dolly! by entertainer Richard Skipper, my dear friend and fellow Dolly enthusiast.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.420695304870605, "source": "search", "title": "A tale of two Dollys | Expect the Unexpected" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "Hello, Dolly! was my gateway drug into musical theater and it was intoxicating. I was hooked and wanted more. Being a mere child, I missed Dolly when it first appeared on Broadway in 1964. But thanks to my mother’s wonderful record collection I got to listen over and over to Carol Channing, Charles Nelson Reilly (Cornelius), and Eileen Brennan (Irene Malloy) on the original Broadway cast recording. My favorite song was “So Long Dearie” which I used to sing to the family dog. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.131011009216309, "source": "search", "title": "A tale of two Dollys | Expect the Unexpected" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "Finally, in 1978 I got to see my childhood idol Carol Channing perform Hello, Dolly! in Boston, part of a national tour featuring Eddie Bracken as Horace Vandergelder. I wanted to sing every song along with the cast, but had to settle for quietly mouthing all the tunes.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.480565071105957, "source": "search", "title": "A tale of two Dollys | Expect the Unexpected" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "There’s talk that Hello, Dolly! is going to be revived soon on Broadway. A note to the producers: PLEASE cast Tony Sheldon as Horace. You won’t do any better.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.200824737548828, "source": "search", "title": "A tale of two Dollys | Expect the Unexpected" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "Hello, Dolly! - Philadelphia | Tickets, Reviews, Info and More", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.31581974029541, "source": "search", "title": "Hello, Dolly! - Philadelphia | Tickets, Reviews, Info and More" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "Hello, Dolly!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.448756217956543, "source": "search", "title": "Hello, Dolly! - Philadelphia | Tickets, Reviews, Info and More" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "Hello, Dolly! - Theatre At The Center - Chicago", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.702851295471191, "source": "search", "title": "Hello, Dolly! - Theatre At The Center - Chicago" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "  Hello, Dolly! at Theatre At The Center", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.166580200195312, "source": "search", "title": "Hello, Dolly! - Theatre At The Center - Chicago" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "Hello, Dolly!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.448756217956543, "source": "search", "title": "Hello, Dolly! - Theatre At The Center - Chicago" }, { "answer": "Hello Dolly", "passage": "\"...I've seen many, many productions of \"Hello Dolly\" - including those starring Carol Channing and the film with Barbra Streisand - but the show at Theatre at the Center in Munster, Ind., is by far the best I've seen to date.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.146084785461426, "source": "search", "title": "Hello, Dolly! - Theatre At The Center - Chicago" }, { "answer": "Hello Dolly", "passage": "\"...This production of Hello Dolly! has all the elements of a great show�terrific score, fine vocals, spirited dances and rich humor from sweet characters. Bill Pullinsi sure knows how to mount classic musicals. This Hello Dolly! is smart and polished. Scrofano and Reeger sure deliver. You�d be hard pressed to find a better musical for under $40 per ticket.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.06790542602539, "source": "search", "title": "Hello, Dolly! - Theatre At The Center - Chicago" }, { "answer": "Hello Dolly", "passage": "Hello Dolly Tickets & Schedule | Coast to Coast Tickets", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.93272590637207, "source": "search", "title": "Hello Dolly Tickets & Schedule | Coast to Coast Tickets" }, { "answer": "Hello Dolly", "passage": "View all available Hello Dolly events. Hello Dolly", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.566747665405273, "source": "search", "title": "Hello Dolly Tickets & Schedule | Coast to Coast Tickets" }, { "answer": "Hello Dolly", "passage": "Hello Dolly History", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.684281826019287, "source": "search", "title": "Hello Dolly Tickets & Schedule | Coast to Coast Tickets" }, { "answer": "Hello Dolly", "passage": "During its history as a live musical production, Hello Dolly has had several revivals on the Broadway stage and found a great deal of national and international success. The production has also gone on numerous tours around the country as well. The original production’s album has also been inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.522912979125977, "source": "search", "title": "Hello Dolly Tickets & Schedule | Coast to Coast Tickets" }, { "answer": "Hello Dolly", "passage": "With success like this there is no denying the impact that Hello Dolly has had on the world of live theatre. Now fans of the production can see this hit musical live in all of its glory thanks to the recent Hello Dolly tours around the country. These tours have ben bringing all of the singing, dancing and classic and wholesome laughs of the original production to audiences from around the country. Those who are able to get Hello Dolly tickets to see the play live will be treated to a high quality performance with the same heartfelt message and moving acting that first shot the first play to fame.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.235779762268066, "source": "search", "title": "Hello Dolly Tickets & Schedule | Coast to Coast Tickets" }, { "answer": "Hello Dolly", "passage": "Seeing Hello Dolly live is an experience that is perfect for the entire family and one that audiences won’t soon forget. With productions touring around the country, those who are looking to get Hello Dolly tickets live will want to make sure that they get tickets to the production whenever it is in town so they don’t miss out on this unique opportunity to see this play and all of the fun action it packs, live. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.859169006347656, "source": "search", "title": "Hello Dolly Tickets & Schedule | Coast to Coast Tickets" }, { "answer": "Hello Dolly", "passage": "Hello Dolly (2006)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.586021900177002, "source": "search", "title": "Hello Dolly (2006) - Ogunquit Playhouse" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "Hello, Dolly!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.448756217956543, "source": "search", "title": "Hello Dolly (2006) - Ogunquit Playhouse" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "Dolly (Jenifer Lewis) shows she knows how to make an entrance, flanked by the sharpest waiters in town in the 5th Avenue’s current production of Hello, Dolly! Photo: Chris Bennion", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.393176078796387, "source": "search", "title": "Jenifer Lewis | Call On Dolly:" }, { "answer": "Hello Dolly", "passage": "Seattlest became familiar with this tale as portrayed by Barbra Streisand in the 1969 film version, so it was a treat to see it on the stage starring the inimitable, undeniable Jenifer Lewis. The 5th’s entire production has been well-cast, with many players who frequently appear on the 5th Avenue stage. The songs are still as purposeful and catchy as ever, and the choreography as athletic. There’s a reason plays like Hello Dolly survive decades and cultural shifts. In this case, it’s mainly because the theme of finding true love—more specifically of love not being all accessible and rosy and easy and perfect all the time—are timeless.(Source:  Hello Dolly Proves Timely Still Review )", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.227993011474609, "source": "search", "title": "Jenifer Lewis | Call On Dolly:" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "Hello, Dolly! opened on Broadway January 16th, 1964 at the St. James Theatre with Carol Channing as Dolly Levi. Over the past 54 years, many actresses (and a few good men) have descended down those stairs of the Harmonia Gardens to audience acclaim. On April 20th, 2017, Bette Midler continues that tradition with the much anticipated Broadway Revival at the Shubert Theatre. This site celebrates the history and future of Hello, Dolly! For more information, please contact Richard Skipper: [email protected]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.897284030914307, "source": "search", "title": "Jenifer Lewis | Call On Dolly:" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "‘Hello, Dolly! opens Friday, kicks off new Musicals at Richter season in Danbury - NewsTimes", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.039241790771484, "source": "search", "title": "'Hello, Dolly! opens Friday, kicks off new Musicals at ..." }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "‘Hello, Dolly! opens Friday, kicks off new Musicals at Richter season in Danbury", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.795799255371094, "source": "search", "title": "'Hello, Dolly! opens Friday, kicks off new Musicals at ..." }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "Musicals at Richter opens its season this weekend with “Hello, Dolly!” Facing off here are determined matchmaker Dolly Levi (Cat Heidel of Southbury) and Yonkers well-known half a millionaire, Horace Vandergelder (Mike Armstrong of Danbury). The beloved musical runs Friday, June 10, through Saturday, June 25, at MAR’s outdoor theater at 100 Aunt Hack Road in Danbury. less", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.569509506225586, "source": "search", "title": "'Hello, Dolly! opens Friday, kicks off new Musicals at ..." }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "Musicals at Richter opens its season this weekend with “Hello, Dolly!” Facing off here are determined matchmaker Dolly Levi (Cat Heidel of Southbury) and Yonkers well-known half a millionaire, Horace ... more", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.064850330352783, "source": "search", "title": "'Hello, Dolly! opens Friday, kicks off new Musicals at ..." }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "‘Hello, Dolly! opens Friday, kicks off new Musicals at Richter season in Danbury", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.795799255371094, "source": "search", "title": "'Hello, Dolly! opens Friday, kicks off new Musicals at ..." }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "Musicals at Richter, now in its 32nd season as the longest-running outdoor theater in Connecticut, kicks off its 2016 offerings this weekend with “Hello, Dolly!”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.412903785705566, "source": "search", "title": "'Hello, Dolly! opens Friday, kicks off new Musicals at ..." }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "“Hello, Dolly!” is directed and choreographed by Danbury resident Bradford Blake , MAR’s founding artistic director. Blake has worked in regional theater for over 30 years as a director, musical director, choreographer, composer, arranger and designer. Most recently, he wrote and directed the holiday revue “Wreck the Halls,” which enjoyed a sold-out run at Ridgefield Theater Barn in December, and directed MAR’s 2015 season opener “Once Upon a Mattress.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.302620887756348, "source": "search", "title": "'Hello, Dolly! opens Friday, kicks off new Musicals at ..." }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "‘Hello, Dolly!’ Opens at LFHS", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.411789894104004, "source": "search", "title": "'Hello, Dolly!' Opens at LFHS - DailyNorthShore" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "‘Hello, Dolly!’ Opens at LFHS", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.411789894104004, "source": "search", "title": "'Hello, Dolly!' Opens at LFHS - DailyNorthShore" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "LAKE FOREST – Lake Forest High School Theatre presents the musical Hello, Dolly! on Thursday, April 28 through Saturday, April 30 at 7 p.m. in the Raymond Moore Auditorium at the high school. Tickets are $17 for adults and $10 for seniors and students.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.624255180358887, "source": "search", "title": "'Hello, Dolly!' Opens at LFHS - DailyNorthShore" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "Music and lyrics are by Jerry Herman and the book is by Michael Stewart. Hello, Dolly! was initially produced on Broadway in 1964, was once the longest-running Broadway musical, and has since enjoyed three Broadway revivals. Winner of 10 Tony Awards including Best Musical, Hello, Dolly! is adapted from Thornton Wilder’s farcical play, The Matchmaker, which recently ran at Chicago’s Goodman Theatre.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.762325286865234, "source": "search", "title": "'Hello, Dolly!' Opens at LFHS - DailyNorthShore" }, { "answer": "Hello, Dolly", "passage": "Seventy-five students participate in the cast, tech crew, and pit orchestra. Hello, Dolly! is directed by faculty members Kelly MacBlane and John Wanninger. Tim Haskett is Musical Director and Robert Bassill conducts the orchestra. Dennis Mae is Director of Theater, assisted by Alyssa Loiacano LFHS ‘11. Val Gonzalez, Director of Lake Forest Dance Academy, is choreographer and Dawn Neal is designing costumes. Gracie Stockton assists as Student Director and Addie Jasica is Dance Captain. Erika Herrmann and Landon Kerouac are student Stage Managers.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.706018447875977, "source": "search", "title": "'Hello, Dolly!' Opens at LFHS - DailyNorthShore" } ]

[ { "answer": "Florist", "passage": "Little Shop of Horrors is a horror comedy rock musical, by composer Alan Menken and writer Howard Ashman, about a hapless florist shop worker who raises a plant that feeds on human blood and flesh. The musical is based on the low-budget 1960 black comedy film The Little Shop of Horrors, directed by Roger Corman. The music, composed by Menken in the style of early 1960s rock and roll, doo-wop and early Motown, includes several well-known tunes, including the title song, \"Skid Row (Downtown)\", \"Somewhere That's Green\", and \"Suddenly, Seymour\".", "precise_score": 7.602357864379883, "rough_score": 8.070659637451172, "source": "wiki", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors (musical)" }, { "answer": "Flower shop", "passage": "Audrey is the main female lead in each Little Shop of Horrors version. She has a crush on Seymour in both the musical and play, although it is originally stifled by her boyfriend. In the 1960 film, her last name was said to be Fulquard, and unlike the 1986 film, was not directly related to Mushnik In Little Shop (TV Series) , she is said to be Mushnik's daughter, which would mean her name is Audrey Mushnik. She is the arrangement maker at the flower shop in the 1986 film . She is played by Ellen Greene.", "precise_score": 1.7448945045471191, "rough_score": 5.4716386795043945, "source": "search", "title": "Audrey - Little Shop of Horrors Wiki - Wikia" }, { "answer": "Florist", "passage": "‘Little Shop of Horrors’ was a 1986 music comedy about a blood-thirsty, foul-mouthed flesh-eating plant and the meek florist who raised it. With a new Blu-ray edition out that features the original, darker ending, we were wondering what the cast is up to today.", "precise_score": 6.249978065490723, "rough_score": 7.093912124633789, "source": "search", "title": "See the Cast of ‘Little Shop of Horrors’ Then and Now" }, { "answer": "Florist", "passage": "Then: Moranis was nerdy florist Seymour Krelborn in ‘Little Shop Of Horrors.’ Two years earlier he played another memorable geeky character, Louis Tully, in ‘Ghostbusters.’ The former SCTV star is also known for his work in the cult classics’ ‘The Adventures of Bob & Doug McKenzie: Strange Brew’ and ’Spaceballs.’", "precise_score": 2.438291549682617, "rough_score": 6.434796333312988, "source": "search", "title": "See the Cast of ‘Little Shop of Horrors’ Then and Now" }, { "answer": "Florists", "passage": "An offstage voice recalls a time when the human race \"suddenly encountered a deadly threat to its very existence\". A trio of 1960s street urchins named Crystal, Ronette, and Chiffon set the scene (\"Little Shop of Horrors\") and comment on the action throughout the show. Seymour Krelborn is a poor young man, an orphan living in an urban skid row. Audrey is a pretty blonde with a fashion sense that leans towards the tacky. They lament their stations in life and the urban blight in their neighborhood (\"Skid Row (Downtown)\"). They are co-workers at Mushnik's Skid Row Florists, a run-down flower shop owned and operated by the cranky Mr. Mushnik. Seymour has recently obtained a mysterious plant that looks like a large venus flytrap. While he was browsing the wholesale flower district, a sudden eclipse of the sun occurred, and when the light returned, the weird plant had appeared (\"Da-Doo\"). Seymour is secretly in love with Audrey and names the plant Audrey II in her honor.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.004441589117050171, "source": "wiki", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors (musical)" }, { "answer": "Flower shop", "passage": "Meanwhile, the employees at Mushnik's are sprucing up the flower shop because of the popularity of the rapidly growing Audrey II and the revenue that it is bringing in (\"Closed for Renovation\"). Orin Scrivello, a sadistic dentist, is Audrey's abusive boyfriend. Modeled after the \"Leader of the pack\" characters of the 1950s, Orin drives a motorcycle, wears leather, and enjoys bringing other people pain (\"Dentist!\"). Orin encourages Seymour to take the plant and get out of Skid Row. Realizing that his store's sudden profitability is completely dependent on the plant (and therefore on Seymour), Mushnik takes advantage of Seymour's innocence by offering to adopt him and make him a full partner in the business (\"Mushnik and Son\"). Having always wanted a family, Seymour accepts, even though Mushnik has always yelled at him and treated him poorly.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.712152481079102, "source": "wiki", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors (musical)" }, { "answer": "Flower shop", "passage": "The flower shop is much busier, and Seymour and Audrey have trouble keeping up with the onslaught of orders (\"Call Back in the Morning\"). Audrey confides to Seymour that she feels guilty about Orin's disappearance, because she secretly wished it. The two admit their feelings for one another, and Seymour promises that he will protect and care for Audrey from now on (\"Suddenly, Seymour\"). The two plan to leave together and start a new life, although Seymour mistakenly attributes Audrey's feelings to his newfound fame, not realizing that she loved him even before he found the plant.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.032529830932617, "source": "wiki", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors (musical)" }, { "answer": "Flower shop", "passage": "Before they can go, Mushnik confronts Seymour about Orin's death. Mushnik has put two and two together: the bloody dentist's uniform, the drops of blood on the floor, and he has seen Seymour and Audrey kissing. Seymour denies killing Orin, but Mushnik wants him to give a statement to the police, who have begun investigating. Audrey II tells Seymour that he has to be rid of Mushnik or he will lose everything, including Audrey (\"Suppertime\"). Seymour tells Mushnik that he put the days' receipts inside Audrey II for safekeeping. Mushnik climbs inside the plant's gaping maw to search for the money, realizing the deception too late, and screams as he is devoured. Seymour now runs the flower shop and reporters, salesman, lawyers and agents approach him, promising him fame and fortune. Although tempted by the trappings of his success, Seymour realizes that it is only a matter of time before Audrey II will kill again and that he is morally responsible. He considers destroying the plant but believing that his fame is the only thing that is earning him Audrey's love, he is unable to do so (\"The Meek Shall Inherit\").", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.271882057189941, "source": "wiki", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors (musical)" }, { "answer": "Flower shop", "passage": "As Seymour works on his speech for a lecture tour, Audrey II again squalls for blood. Seymour threatens to kill it just as Audrey walks in asking when Mushnik will return from visiting his \"sick sister\". Seymour learns that Audrey would still love him without the fame and decides that Audrey II must die after the scheduled LIFE magazine interview at the shop. Audrey is confused and frightened by Seymour's ramblings, but she runs home by his order. That night, unable to sleep and distressed by Seymour's strange behavior, Audrey goes to the flower shop to talk with him. He is not there, and Audrey II begs her to water him. Not sensing the mortal danger, she approaches to water it, and a vine wraps around her and pulls her into the plant's gaping maw (\"Sominex/Suppertime II\"). Seymour arrives and attacks the plant in an attempt to save Audrey. He pulls her out, but Audrey is mortally wounded and tells him to feed her to the plant after she dies so that they can always be together. She dies in his arms, and he reluctantly honors her request (\"Somewhere That's Green\" (reprise)). Seymour falls asleep as Audrey II grows small red flower buds.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.942374229431152, "source": "wiki", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors (musical)" }, { "answer": "Florist", "passage": "A nerdy florist finds his chance for success and romance with the help of a giant man-eating plant who demands to be fed.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.442377090454102, "source": "search", "title": "IMDb: Little Shop of Horrors (1986)" }, { "answer": "Flower shop", "passage": "Seymour Krelborn is a nerdy orphan working at Mushnik's, a flower shop in urban Skid Row. He harbors a crush on fellow co-worker Audrey Fulquard, and is berated by Mr. Mushnik daily. One day as Seymour is seeking a new mysterious plant, he finds a very mysterious unidentified plant which he calls Audrey II. The plant seems to have a craving for blood and soon begins to sing for his supper. Soon enough, Seymour feeds Audrey's sadistic dentist boyfriend to the plant and later, Mushnik for witnessing the death of Audrey's ex. Will Audrey II take over the world or will Seymour and Audrey defeat it? Written by HannahMontaniwitz", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.502597808837891, "source": "search", "title": "IMDb: Little Shop of Horrors (1986)" }, { "answer": "Flower shop", "passage": "Rick Moranis plays Seymour a nerdy, hapless and put upon flower shop boy owned by Mr Mushnik (Vincent Gardenia.) Seymour is in love with the blonde, beautiful Audrey (Ellen Greene) but she is going out with psycho, motor biking dentist Orin (Steve Martin.)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.291914939880371, "source": "search", "title": "IMDb: Little Shop of Horrors (1986)" }, { "answer": "Florist", "passage": "Audrey II was bought by  Seymour  from an old Chinese man, a florist that sold other exotic plants, for just \"a dolla' ninety five!\" At first, Seymour just thought of Audrey II as a sort of venus fly trap plant, yet all the different types of food and care he gave it didn't work and caused it to grow weaker. Eventually Audrey II grew larger into a hideous beast that gained the ability to talk and soon began to beg Seymour for more food, upgrading from blood to human meat as well. Audrey II played with Seymour's emotions to convince Seymour to kill Orin Scrivello , a sadistic evil dentist who abuses Audrey, Seymour's love interest, and also took advantage of Seymour nearly getting arrested to kill Mr. Mushnik, his boss (who later adopts him before dying) for food.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.048293113708496, "source": "search", "title": "Audrey II - Little Shop of Horrors Wiki - Wikia" }, { "answer": "Flower shop", "passage": "Seymour works at a flower shop, attending a plant who he has named Audrey II (after the love of his life, Audrey). However, his plant is no normal plant. It came from outer space and requires a diet of fresh blood. Seymour starts by giving the plant his own blood, but, when people start dying, the plant wants more than a few drops of blood.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.986532211303711, "source": "search", "title": "Broadway Musical Home - Little Shop of Horrors" }, { "answer": "Florist", "passage": "A nerdy florist finds his chance for success and romance with the help of a giant man-eating plant who demands to be fed.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.442377090454102, "source": "search", "title": "The Little Shop of Horrors (1960) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Flower shop", "passage": "An exotic plant in a downtown flower shop convinces the storekeeper's meek apprentice to resort to gruesome measures to keep it alive and make it grow.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.718955039978027, "source": "search", "title": "The Little Shop of Horrors (1960) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Florist", "passage": "When the clumsy Seymour Krelboyne spoils two flowers of a client, the owner of a small florist shop Gravis Mushnick is ready to fire him. However Seymour tells that he has mixed two plants of different breeds at home and created a hybrid named Audrey Jr. and Mushnick decides to give another chance to his employee. On the next day, Seymour brings Audrey Jr. that becomes the pride and joy of Mushnick, his other employee Audrey Fulquard and clients. Out of the blue, the flower seems to be dying and Seymour accidentally learns that she likes blood. One day, Seymour is upset since he does not know how to feed the flower and he walks along a railroad. When he throws a stone near a railroad track, he accidentally hits the head of a man that falls on the track and is a train runs over him. Seymour brings the pieces of the man to the shop and finds that the plant likes flesh. On the next morning, Audrey Jr. has grown and become the attraction of the shop. But how will Seymour feed his plant ... Written by Claudio Carvalho, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.683078765869141, "source": "search", "title": "The Little Shop of Horrors (1960) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Florists", "passage": "Mushnick's is a small florists in skid row – a dead end part of town that everyone knows about but nobody wants to know about. Business is not great, in fact it is awful – nobody wants to buy flowers when they can't be sure where their next meal is coming from. However the cleaning boy has nurtured a strange new plant up from seed and it seems to be getting interest. When he discovers it needs a few drops of blood to make it grow Seymour is the toast of the town with his employer very grateful for the increased revenue the visitors bring. However as it grows it begins to need more than a few drops and soon he is heading down a terrible, dark road.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.191153526306152, "source": "search", "title": "The Little Shop of Horrors (1960) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Flower shop", "passage": "Audrey II: Does this look \"inanimate\" to you, punk? If I can move and I can talk, who's to say I can't do anything I want?  \"A Singing Plant. A Daring Hero. A Sweet Girl. A Demented Dentist.\" Little Shop of Horrors isn't a horrible musical by any means. It is just an extremely annoying one. I found all the songs to be annoying that weren't sung by the trio of girls who followed the events of the story around. Ellen Greene's voice irritated the shit out of me. She talks in a raspy, soft spoken way that just makes you want to kill yourself. Then when she sings, good Lord when she sings. Rick Moranis's singing tunes are just as bad. He plays his usual character and that character just doesn't translate well to singing. A flower shop in the ghetto isn't doing very well. No one comes in and the owner is looking at shutting the place down. This is when Seymour shows his new plant and puts it in the window to attract new customers. It works and the business begins to thrive and Seymour becomes an overnight success. Soon he figures out that in order for the plant to grow and not die, it needs human blood. For a while, he is able to feed it with drips from his fingers, but eventually the plant grows to big for that to do any good.  My favorite thing about this movie are the cameos. There are great cameos from Steve Martin as a sadistic dentist and also from Bill Murray as a pain loving patient of that dentist. Also the songs from the three women who follow the events around are awesome. I wish I could have sold after the initial credits because that was awesome. The movie is just too dull and actually quite boring. Songs can only go so far, there has to be characters and a plot that can support those songs and in Little Shop of Horrors, the characters cannot. I guess it is still worth one watch for Steve Martin' scenes alone. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.818484306335449, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors (1986) - Rotten Tomatoes" } ]

[ { "answer": "Man of La Mancha", "passage": "Don Quixote (spelled \"Quijote\" in modern Spanish) is two separate volumes, now nearly always published as one, that cover the adventures of Don Quixote, also known as the knight or man of La Mancha, a hero who carries his enthusiasm and self-deception to unintentional and comic ends. On one level, Don Quixote works as a satire of the romances of chivalry, which, though still popular in Cervantes' time, had become an object of ridicule among more demanding critics. The choice of a madman as hero also served a critical purpose, for it was \"the impression of ill-being or 'in-sanity,' rather than a finding of dementia or psychosis in clinical terms, that defined the madman for Cervantes", "precise_score": 2.8690671920776367, "rough_score": 1.6760613918304443, "source": "wiki", "title": "Miguel de Cervantes" }, { "answer": "Man of La Mancha", "passage": "* Man of La Mancha (1972), directed by Arthur Hiller, a film adaptation of the 1965 musical", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.301522254943848, "source": "wiki", "title": "Miguel de Cervantes" }, { "answer": "Man of La Mancha", "passage": "* Man of La Mancha (1965), an American musical by Dale Wasserman, Mitch Leigh, and Joe Darion", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.139840126037598, "source": "wiki", "title": "Miguel de Cervantes" }, { "answer": "Man of La Mancha", "passage": "Don Quixote Musical Concerts/ Theatre     Man Of La Mancha – CAPE FEAR REGIONAL THEATRE September 17, 2015 – October 11, 2015 – Fayetteville NC PACO PEÑA'S FLAMENCURA – NOVEMBER 10, 2015  PROMO CODE: (DANCE) 50% OFF ANY TICKET!​ EL QUIXOTE FESTIVAL CONCERT –  THE PHILHARMONIC ASSOCIATION – TRIANGLE YOUTH MUSIC […]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.712202072143555, "source": "search", "title": "Festival Events Being Planned Don Quixote - I Am Quixote" } ]

[ { "answer": "Annie Get Your Gun", "passage": "Annie Get Your Gun was a musical based on the life and loves of Annie Oakley,a famous western cowgirl in real life who was a crack shot with a rifle.", "precise_score": 8.648613929748535, "rough_score": 8.873279571533203, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Get Your Gun - Americana music and memories" }, { "answer": "Annie Get Your Gun", "passage": "The musical Annie Get Your Gun, is loosely based on the life of Oakley.", "precise_score": 9.512310981750488, "rough_score": 9.39957046508789, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Oakley Biography" }, { "answer": "Annie Get Your Gun", "passage": "- Tonight through Saturday: The musical \"Annie Get Your Gun,\" based on the life of sharpshooter Annie Oakley, will have its final performances at 7 tonight through Saturday at Northland Community and Technical College theater, Thief River Falls. Tickets: Kezar Music, Thief River Falls; call (218) 681-2148.", "precise_score": 9.007862091064453, "rough_score": 9.014205932617188, "source": "search", "title": "THE LIST: Annie Oakley ... storytime ... 'Colored' ... etc ..." }, { "answer": "Annie Get Your Gun", "passage": "* The 1946 Broadway musical Annie Get Your Gun is loosely based on her life. The original stage production starred Ethel Merman, who also starred in the 1966 revival. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 7.105579853057861, "source": "wiki", "title": "Annie Oakley" }, { "answer": "Annie Get Your Gun", "passage": "* In 1982, the British rock band Squeeze released a song called \"Annie Get Your Gun\".", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.77772331237793, "source": "wiki", "title": "Annie Oakley" }, { "answer": "Annie Get Your Gun", "passage": "* In 1999, Annie Get Your Gun was revived on Broadway with Bernadette Peters in the title role. Susan Lucci assumed the role when Peters took a vacation from the show, Cheryl Ladd assumed the role from Peters and was followed by Reba McEntire and Crystal Bernard. That same year, Marilu Henner portrayed Oakley in an off-Broadway production.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.021012783050537, "source": "wiki", "title": "Annie Oakley" }, { "answer": "Annie Get Your Gun", "passage": "Annie Get Your Gun", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.890997886657715, "source": "search", "title": "WGBH American Experience . Annie Oakley | PBS" }, { "answer": "Annie Get Your Gun", "passage": "Annie Get Your Gun - Best Loved Western Broadway Musicals", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.177701950073242, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Get Your Gun - Americana music and memories" }, { "answer": "Annie Get Your Gun", "passage": "Annie Get Your Gun!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.22824764251709, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Get Your Gun - Americana music and memories" }, { "answer": "Annie Get Your Gun", "passage": "Annie Get Your Gun", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.890997886657715, "source": "search", "title": "WGBH American Experience . Annie Oakley . Related Books ..." }, { "answer": "Annie Get Your Gun", "passage": "Dane Froiland as Frank Butler and Sherry Knott as Annie Oakley get ready to face each other in \"Annie Get Your Gun,\" which plays three final shows at 7 tonight, Friday and Saturday in Northland Community and Technical College theater, Thief River Falls.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.013600542210042477, "source": "search", "title": "THE LIST: Annie Oakley ... storytime ... 'Colored' ... etc ..." }, { "answer": "Annie Get Your Gun", "passage": "Annie Get Your Gun features music and lyrics by Irving Berlin with a book by siblings Dorothy and Herbert Fields. Based on the real life of Annie Oakley, a famous sharpshooter who starred in Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show, Annie Get Your Gun combines true and fictional events in this renowned musical. Following her tumultuous romance with fellow performer Frank Bulter and the events leading up to her joining Buffalo Bill’s show, this musical has enjoyed numerous revivals around the world. Songs from the score are instantly recognisable, with hits such as “There’s No Business Like Show More >", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 7.833667755126953, "source": "search", "title": "A - Musical Heaven" } ]

[ { "answer": "Hair", "passage": "On January 14, 1967, the outdoor Human Be-In organized by Michael Bowen helped to popularize hippie culture across the United States, with 20,000 hippies gathering in San Francisco's Golden Gate Park. On March 26, Lou Reed, Edie Sedgwick and 10,000 hippies came together in Manhattan for the Central Park Be-In on Easter Sunday. The Monterey Pop Festival from June 16 to June 18 introduced the rock music of the counterculture to a wide audience and marked the start of the \"Summer of Love\". Scott McKenzie's rendition of John Phillips' song, \"San Francisco\", became a hit in the United States and Europe. The lyrics, \"If you're going to San Francisco, be sure to wear some flowers in your hair\", inspired thousands of young people from all over the world to travel to San Francisco, sometimes wearing flowers in their hair and distributing flowers to passersby, earning them the name, \"Flower Children\". Bands like the Grateful Dead, Big Brother and the Holding Company (with Janis Joplin), and Jefferson Airplane lived in the Haight.", "precise_score": 1.8926630020141602, "rough_score": -1.2443739175796509, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hippie" }, { "answer": "Hair", "passage": " A sign of this was the visibility that the hippie subculture gained in various mainstream and underground media. Hippie exploitation films are 1960s exploitation films about the hippie counterculture with stereotypical situations associated with the movement such as cannabis and LSD use, sex and wild psychedelic parties. Examples include The Love-ins, Psych-Out, The Trip, and Wild in the Streets. Other more serious and more critically acclaimed films about the hippie counterculture also appeared such as Easy Rider and Alice's Restaurant (for more information on hippie related films see List of films related to the hippie subculture). Documentaries and television programs have also been produced until today as well as fiction and nonfiction books. Also the popular broadway musical Hair was presented in 1967.", "precise_score": -0.9456261396408081, "rough_score": -1.1647197008132935, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hippie" }, { "answer": "Hair", "passage": "Both folk and rock music were an integral part of hippie culture . Singers such as Bob Dylan and Joan Baez and groups such as the Beatles , Grateful Dead , Jefferson Airplane , and Rolling Stones were among those most closely identified with the movement. The musical Hair, a celebration of the hippie lifestyle, opened on Broadway in 1968, and the film Easy Rider , which reflected hippie values and aesthetics , appeared in 1969. The novelist Ken Kesey was one of the best-known literary spokesmen for the movement, but he became equally famous for the bus tours he made with a group called the Merry Pranksters.", "precise_score": 4.42244291305542, "rough_score": 4.939180850982666, "source": "search", "title": "hippie | subculture | Britannica.com" }, { "answer": "Hair", "passage": "Although the hippie movement died in Haight, it was still alive in the United States and moving eastward. By 1968, the movement continued to cross the country. Hippie fashion trends spread into the mainstream, especially popular with young teenagers and young adults of the populous “Baby Boomer” generation. Longer hair for men, beads, feathers, flowers, and bells were worn by many teenagers of the era even though they did not necessarily delve deep into the hippie culture or the hardcore hippie beliefs that were prominent from 1966 through 1967. The movement even spread overseas to Britain and Australia.", "precise_score": -3.9804365634918213, "rough_score": -1.6351672410964966, "source": "search", "title": "The Hippie Counter Culture Movement (1960's) – Mortal Journey" }, { "answer": "Hair", "passage": "During the summer of 1965, Laughlin recruited much of the original talent that led to a unique amalgam of traditional folk music and the developing psychedelic rock scene. He and his cohorts created what became known as \"The Red Dog Experience\", featuring previously unknown musical acts — Grateful Dead, Jefferson Airplane, Big Brother and the Holding Company, Quicksilver Messenger Service, The Charlatans, and others — who played in the completely refurbished, intimate setting of Virginia City's Red Dog Saloon. There was no clear delineation between \"performers\" and \"audience\" in \"The Red Dog Experience\", during which music, psychedelic experimentation, a unique sense of personal style and Bill Ham's first primitive light shows combined to create a new sense of community. Laughlin and George Hunter of the Charlatans were true \"proto-hippies\", with their long hair, boots and outrageous clothing of 19th-century American (and Native American) heritage. LSD manufacturer Owsley Stanley lived in Berkeley during 1965 and provided much of the LSD that became a seminal part of the \"Red Dog Experience\", the early evolution of psychedelic rock and budding hippie culture. At the Red Dog Saloon, The Charlatans were the first psychedelic rock band to play live (albeit unintentionally) loaded on LSD. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.878999710083008, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hippie" }, { "answer": "Hair", "passage": "By 1968, hippie-influenced fashions were beginning to take off in the mainstream, especially for youths and younger adults of the populous \"Baby Boomer\" generation, many of whom may have aspired to emulate the hardcore movements now living in tribalistic communes, but had no overt connections to them. This was noticed not only in terms of clothes and also longer hair for men, but also in music, film, art, and literature, and not just in the US, but around the world. Eugene McCarthy's brief presidential campaign successfully persuaded a significant minority of young adults to \"get clean for Gene\" by shaving their beards or wearing longer skirts; however the \"Clean Genes\" had little impact on the popular image in the media spotlight, of the hirsute hippy adorned in beads, feathers, flowers and bells.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.5677647590637207, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hippie" }, { "answer": "Hair", "passage": "As in the beat movement preceding them, and the punk movement that followed soon after, hippie symbols and iconography were purposely borrowed from either \"low\" or \"primitive\" cultures, with hippie fashion reflecting a disorderly, often vagrant style. As with other adolescent, white middle-class movements, deviant behavior of the hippies involved challenging the prevailing gender differences of their time: both men and women in the hippie movement wore jeans and maintained long hair, and both genders wore sandals, moccasins or went barefoot. Men often wore beards, while women wore little or no makeup, with many going braless. Hippies often chose brightly colored clothing and wore unusual styles, such as bell-bottom pants, vests, tie-dyed garments, dashikis, peasant blouses, and long, full skirts; non-Western inspired clothing with Native American, Asian, Indian, African and Latin American motifs were also popular. Much hippie clothing was self-made in defiance of corporate culture, and hippies often purchased their clothes from flea markets and second-hand shops. Favored accessories for both men and women included Native American jewelry, head scarves, headbands and long beaded necklaces. Hippie homes, vehicles and other possessions were often decorated with psychedelic art. The bold colors, hand-made clothing and loose fitting clothes opposed the tight and uniform clothing of the 1940s and 1950s. It also rejected consumerism in that the hand-production of clothing called for self-efficiency and individuality. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.6637654304504395, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hippie" }, { "answer": "Hair", "passage": "Scott McKenzie's 1967 rendition of John Phillips' song \"San Francisco (Be Sure to Wear Flowers in Your Hair)\", which helped to inspire the hippie Summer of Love, became a homecoming song for all Vietnam veterans arriving in San Francisco from 1967 onward. McKenzie has dedicated every American performance of \"San Francisco\" to Vietnam veterans, and he sang in 2002 at the 20th anniversary of the dedication of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial. Hippie political expression often took the form of \"dropping out\" of society to implement the changes they sought.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.8772788047790527, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hippie" }, { "answer": "Hair", "passage": "Distinct appearance and clothing was one of the immediate legacies of hippies worldwide. During the 1960s and 1970s, mustaches, beards and long hair became more commonplace and colorful, while multi-ethnic clothing dominated the fashion world. Since that time, a wide range of personal appearance options and clothing styles, including nudity, have become more widely acceptable, all of which was uncommon before the hippie era.Pendergast, Sara. (2004) Fashion, Costume, and Culture. Volume 5. Modern World Part II: 1946–2003. Thomson Gale. ISBN 0-7876-5417-5 Hippies also inspired the decline in popularity of the necktie and other business clothing, which had been unavoidable for men during the 1950s and early 1960s. Additionally, hippie fashion itself has been commonplace in the years since the 1960s in clothing and accessories, particularly the peace symbol. Astrology, including everything from serious study to whimsical amusement regarding personal traits, was integral to hippie culture. The generation of the 1970s became influenced by the hippie and the 60s countercultural legacy. As such in New York City musicians and audiences from the female, homosexual, black, and Latino communities adopted several traits from the hippies and psychedelia. They included overwhelming sound, free-form dancing, weird lighting, colorful costumes, and hallucinogens. Psychedelic soul groups like the Chambers Brothers and especially Sly and The Family Stone influenced proto-disco acts such as Isaac Hayes, Willie Hutch and the Philadelphia Sound. In addition, the perceived positivity, lack of irony, and earnestness of the hippies informed proto-disco music like M.F.S.B.'s album Love Is the Message. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.1015379428863525, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hippie" }, { "answer": "Hair", "passage": "Popular films depicting the hippie ethos and lifestyle include Woodstock, Easy Rider, Hair, The Doors, Across the Universe, Taking Woodstock, and Crumb.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.300723552703857, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hippie" }, { "answer": "Hair", "passage": "When the Beatles came to America in 1964 it really was an invasion of new music, style and attitude. They not only turned the music world upside down with their electric guitars, their happy harmonies, long hair and mod fashions, but suddenly music was fun like it hadn't been since Elvis. We boomers couldn't get enough of them, as Beatlemania swept the country.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.277063369750977, "source": "search", "title": "Hippie Music - Songs with a Message - Hippies From A to Z ..." }, { "answer": "Hair", "passage": "She Loves You - (1964) Their first hit single in the U.S., this record is so full of joy, you couldn't help but be happy listening to it. The Beatles' infectious harmonies, their haircuts, their appeal to teenage girls made their first trip to the U.S. to be on Ed Sullivan one of the high points of Rock and Roll. Beatlemania was here to stay.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.073397636413574, "source": "search", "title": "Hippie Music - Songs with a Message - Hippies From A to Z ..." }, { "answer": "Hair", "passage": "Zappa's original group The Mother's of Invention's first album, entitled \"Freak Out\" was very popular and way out, even for it's time. Zappa's music was a very wild, creative satire on society. Remarking on Zappa's creative genius, one of his band members once said that Zappa would first make beautiful music, then turn it ugly (dissonant). Zappa coined many expressions and became a icon of the lack of respect for the establishment. A popular college poster from the 60's showed Zappa with his long, wild and stringy hair sitting naked on a toilet. The title was Frank Zappa Crappa. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.343792915344238, "source": "search", "title": "Hippie Music - Songs with a Message - Hippies From A to Z ..." }, { "answer": "Hair", "passage": "Hippies felt alienated from middle-class society, which they saw as dominated by materialism and repression, and they developed their own distinctive lifestyle. They favoured long hair and casual, often unconventional, dress, sometimes in “psychedelic” colours. Many males grew beards, and both men and women wore sandals and beads. Long flowing granny dresses were popular with women, and rimless granny glasses with both men and women. Hippies commonly took up communal or cooperative living arrangements, and they often adopted vegetarian diets based on unprocessed foods and practiced holistic medicine. For many The Whole Earth Catalog , which first appeared in 1968, became a source for the necessities of life. Hippies tended to be dropouts from society, forgoing regular jobs and careers, although some developed small businesses that catered to other hippies.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.852015972137451, "source": "search", "title": "hippie | subculture | Britannica.com" }, { "answer": "Hair", "passage": "Hippie men wore their hair long and typically wore beards and mustaches while the women wore little or no makeup and often went braless (occasionally shirtless).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.0129804611206055, "source": "search", "title": "The Hippie Counter Culture Movement (1960's) – Mortal Journey" }, { "answer": "Hair", "passage": "Chandler A. Laughlin II, cofounder of the infamous Cabale Creamery club in Berkeley, was greatly influenced by the Beat Generation and their beatnik culture. In 1963, Laughlin followed their lead and established a tight family-like identity among 50 people in Greenwich Village in New York City and later Berkeley, California. Laughlin recruited many of the early psychedelic musical talent acts including the Grateful Dead, Jefferson Airplane, Iron Butterfly, The Charlatans, and others. Laughlin and George Hunter of The Charlatans band, were true “proto-hippies” wearing long hair, boots, and outrageous clothing. Together they opened the Red Dog Saloon in the old mining town of Virginia City, Nevada. The Red Dog Saloon became a focal point of drugs and psychedelic music festivals.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.005114555358887, "source": "search", "title": "The Hippie Counter Culture Movement (1960's) – Mortal Journey" }, { "answer": "Hair", "passage": "Scott McKenzie’s rendition of the John Phillips’ song, San Francisco, became a huge hit in the United States and Europe. One lyric, “If you’re going to San Francisco, be sure to wear some flowers in your hair” inspired thousands to travel to San Francisco, many wearing flowers in their hair and distributing flowers to passerby at intersections and on the street. The name “Flower Children” stuck.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.612370491027832, "source": "search", "title": "The Hippie Counter Culture Movement (1960's) – Mortal Journey" } ]

[ { "answer": "Jesus Christ Superstar", "passage": "\"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" is a song from the 1970 rock opera Jesus Christ Superstar written by Andrew Lloyd Webber (music) and Tim Rice (lyrics), a torch ballad sung by the character of Mary Magdalene. In the opera she is presented as bearing an unrequited love for the title character. The song has been much recorded, with \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" being one of the rare songs which have had two concurrent recordings reach the Top 40 of the Hot 100 chart in Billboard magazine, specifically those by Helen Reddy and Yvonne Elliman, since the 1950s when multi-version chartings were common.", "precise_score": 7.586258411407471, "rough_score": 4.193095684051514, "source": "wiki", "title": "I Don't Know How to Love Him" }, { "answer": "Jesus Christ Superstar", "passage": "Other singers who have performed \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" in the role of Mary Magdalene onstage in productions of Jesus Christ Superstar – referred to a JCS – and/or as a show tune include:", "precise_score": 6.364941596984863, "rough_score": 5.139317035675049, "source": "wiki", "title": "I Don't Know How to Love Him" }, { "answer": "Jesus Christ Superstar", "passage": "A version of \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" done in medley with \"Everything's Alright\", also from Jesus Christ Superstar, was recorded on the Happy Tiger label by a group credited as the Kimberlys; released in January 1971 the same week as the Helen Reddy version, the Kimberleys' track received enough regional attention to reach No. 99 on the Billboard Hot 100 that March.", "precise_score": 6.682194232940674, "rough_score": 2.906935930252075, "source": "wiki", "title": "I Don't Know How to Love Him" }, { "answer": "Jesus Christ Superstar", "passage": "I Don't Know How to Love Him from Jesus Christ Superstar is featured in Sadie Hawkins, the eleventh episode of  Season Four . It is sung by Tina, who is covering Helen Reddy's version.", "precise_score": 8.260448455810547, "rough_score": 6.444680213928223, "source": "search", "title": "I Don't Know How to Love Him - Glee TV Show Wiki - Wikia" }, { "answer": "Jesus Christ Superstar", "passage": "\"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" had originally been published with different lyrics in the autumn of 1967, the original title being \"Kansas Morning\". The melody's main theme has come under some scrutiny for being non-original, being compared to a theme from Mendelssohn's violin concerto in E minor. In December 1969 and January 1970, when Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice completed Jesus Christ Superstar, Rice wrote new lyrics to the tune of \"Kansas Morning\" to provide the solo number for the character of Mary Magdalene (Rice and Webber's agent David Land would purchase the rights to \"Kansas Morning\" back from Southern Music for £50).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.032798394560813904, "source": "wiki", "title": "I Don't Know How to Love Him" }, { "answer": "Jesus Christ Superstar", "passage": "Recorded in one take at Olympic Studios in June 1970, \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" has been universally acclaimed as the high point of the Jesus Christ Superstar soundtrack since the album's September 1970 release; in 2003 The Rough Guide to Cult Pop would assess Elliman's performance: \"It's rare to hear a singer combine such power and purity of tone in one song, and none of the famous singers who have covered this ballad since have come close.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.8069298267364502, "source": "wiki", "title": "I Don't Know How to Love Him" }, { "answer": "Jesus Christ Superstar", "passage": "Elliman performed \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" when she played the Mary Magdalene role first in the Broadway production of Jesus Christ Superstar, which opened at the Mark Hellinger Theatre 12 October 1971, and then in the movie version, her respective renderings being featured on both the Broadway cast album and the soundtrack album for the film. Her version of \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" from the movie soundtrack gave Elliman a hit in Italy (#21) in 1974. Elliman has also performed \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" when revisiting her Mary Magdalene role, first at a Jesus Christ Superstar concert by the University of Texas at El Paso Dinner Theatre staged 14 April 2003, and then for a live-in-concert one-night only performance of Jesus Christ Superstar on 13 August 2006 at the Ricardo Montalban Theater in Los Angeles. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.6488707065582275, "source": "wiki", "title": "I Don't Know How to Love Him" }, { "answer": "Jesus Christ Superstar", "passage": "1990s onstage in JCS: LaChanze at the Walnut Street Theater Philadelphia over the Christmas season of 1991 Kate Ceberano in the 1992 Australian national tour; Janika Sillamaa in 1992 at the Linnahall Tallinn Irene Cara in the first months of Landmark Entertainment Group US national tour 1992-93 Margaret Urlich in a New Zealand concert production in 1993 Emily Saliers in the Jesus Christ Superstar: a Resurrection production which played Atlanta, Austin and Seattle in 1994 Syreeta Wright in the Landmark Entertainment Group US national tour as of October 1993 Joanna Ampil in the London revival at the Lyceum Theatre which opened 19 November 1996 Golda Rosheuval in a seven-city UK tour 1998-99.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.007644653320312, "source": "wiki", "title": "I Don't Know How to Love Him" }, { "answer": "Jesus Christ Superstar", "passage": "Upon the release of the original Jesus Christ Superstar album Capitol Records executive Artie Mogull heard the potential for a smash hit in the track \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" and had pitched the song to Linda Ronstadt, then on the Capitol roster; after Ronstadt advised Mogull: \"she hated the song, [saying] it was terrible\" Mogull invited the then-unknown Helen Reddy to record \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" as part of a one-off single deal with Capitol. Reddy herself did not care for \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" agreeing to cut the song to serve as B-side for the track she wished to record: the Mac Davis composition; \"I Believe in Music\" (later a hit for Gallery). ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.8562934398651123, "source": "wiki", "title": "I Don't Know How to Love Him" }, { "answer": "Jesus Christ Superstar", "passage": "Reddy's recording of \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" entered the national charts in March 1971 – showing in the Top Ten in Dallas and Denver that month [http://las-solanas.com/arsa/charts_item.php?hsid=4546] – but its momentum was so gradual as to not effect Top 40 entry until that May; by then MCA Records had issued the original Yvonne Elliman track as a single and from 15 May 1971 to 26 June 1971 both versions were in the Top 40 with Reddy's version maintaining the upper hand peaking at No. 13 while Elliman's version peaked at No. 28. \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" became Reddy's first hit single in her native Australia peaking at No. 2 on the Go-Set Top 40 chart for two weeks in August 1971 with an eventual ranking as the No. 8 hit for the year 1971; the track also afforded Reddy a hit in Europe with a March 1972 peak of No. 14 in Sweden – the Swedish production of Jesus Christ Superstar had begun a record-setting run in February 1972 – and an April 1972 peak of No. 23 in the Netherlands.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.0207053422927856, "source": "wiki", "title": "I Don't Know How to Love Him" }, { "answer": "Jesus Christ Superstar", "passage": "\"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" was also covered by English recording artist Melanie C. The song was the first single to be taken from Melanie C's musical theatre-inspired and sixth studio album Stages. The song was released as a single on 22 July 2012. It was released as digital download and an limited exclusive CD single. The record was to be produced by her longtime collaborator Peter-John Vettese. The song was a cover from 1970 musical Jesus Christ Superstar. \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" peaked at number twenty on United Kingdom UK Indie Chart.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.37019068002700806, "source": "wiki", "title": "I Don't Know How to Love Him" }, { "answer": "Jesus Christ Superstar", "passage": "The earliest single version of \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" was that cut by Karen Wyman an artist on the roster of MCA/Decca Records the label of release for the original Jesus Christ Superstar album: Wyman's single, produced by Ken Greengrass and Peter Matz, was released in November 1970 in the US and was also released in 1970 in the UK. The track was included on Wyman's May 1971 album release One Together. It reached #101 in Record World's \"The Singles Chart 101–150\" over an eight-week period, December 1970 to January 1971.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.606799602508545, "source": "wiki", "title": "I Don't Know How to Love Him" }, { "answer": "Jesus Christ Superstar", "passage": "In the British Isles \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" first became a hit in the Republic of Ireland where Tina & Real McCoy took it to No. 1 in December 1971. In January 1972 the version by Petula Clark was released in the UK to chart at No. 42 marking Clark's final appearance on the UK Singles chart except for the 1988 remix of her 1964 hit \"Downtown\". Clark's \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" was to be her final single release on Pye Records. Concurrent with Clark's version, the original Yvonne Elliman track was issued as a single on a double A-side with \"Superstar\" by Murray Head; this single peaked at UK No. 47. Tony Hatch, who had produced Petula Clark's hit singles of the 1960s, had produced a version of \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" by his then-wife Jackie Trent, which was issued as a single 5 November 1971: Hatch would later produce a rendition of the song by Julie Budd for her 1972 self-titled album. A 1972 version by Sylvie McNeill on a UK 45, United Artists UA UP35415, was released (11 August) timed for the first UK stage musical of Jesus Christ Superstar; she had actually performed it on The Benny Hill Show (original air date: 23 February 1972).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.9765900373458862, "source": "wiki", "title": "I Don't Know How to Love Him" }, { "answer": "Jesus Christ Superstar", "passage": "The earliest rendering of \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" in Swedish was \"Vad Gör Jag Med Min Kärlek?\" introduced on the album Frida by Anni-Frid Lyngstad which was recorded from September 1970 to January 1971: the complete album track was entitled \"Allting Skall Bli Bra\"/\"Vad Gör Jag Med Min Kärlek?\" the first element referring to the Swedish rendering of the abbreviated version of \"Everything's Alright\" which serves as the lead-in to \"Vad Gör Jag Med Min Kärlek?\" (\"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" is performed in the stage musical Jesus Christ Superstar with an abbreviated \"Everything's Alright\" as prelude). \"Allting Skall Bli Bra\"/\"Vad Gör Jag Med Min Kärlek?\" had a belated single release in the spring of 1972 as follow-up to Lyngstad's hit \"Min egen Stad\": the single release of \"Allting Skall Bli Bra\"/\"Vad Gör Jag Med Min Kärlek?\" put Lyngstad in competition with her future ABBA co-member Agnetha Fältskog, the latter's concurrent single release \"Vart Ska Min Karlek Fora\" being the Swedish rendering of \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" featured in the Swedish production of Jesus Christ Superstar and Faltskog having the cachet of performing as Mary Magdalena in that stage production it was her single which became the hit, besting Lyngstad's \"Allting Skall Bli Bra\"/\"Vad Gör Jag Med Min Kärlek?\" and also a cover version of \"Vad Gör Jag Med Min Kärlek?\" by .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.3491694927215576, "source": "wiki", "title": "I Don't Know How to Love Him" }, { "answer": "Jesus Christ Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar ('73) I don't know how to love him - YouTube", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.5704755783081055, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar ('73) I don't know how to love him ..." }, { "answer": "Jesus Christ Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar ('73) I don't know how to love him", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.4637417793273926, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar ('73) I don't know how to love him ..." }, { "answer": "Jesus Christ Superstar", "passage": "Cast of Jesus Christ Superstar", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.234197616577148, "source": "search", "title": "I Don't Know How to Love Him - Glee TV Show Wiki - Wikia" } ]

[ { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "Preston is, however, probably best remembered for his performance as \"Professor\" Harold Hill in Meredith Willson's musical The Music Man (1962). He had already won a Tony Award for his performance in the original Broadway production in 1957. When Willson adapted his story for the screen, he insisted on Preston's participation over the objections of Jack L. Warner, who had wanted Frank Sinatra for the role. Preston appeared on the cover of Time magazine on July 21, 1958. In 1965 he was the male part of a duo-lead musical, I Do! I Do! with Mary Martin, for which he won his second Tony Award. He played the title role in the musical Ben Franklin in Paris, and originated the role of Henry II in the stage production of The Lion in Winter, which Peter O'Toole portrayed in the film version and received an Academy Award nomination. In 1974, he starred alongside Bernadette Peters in Jerry Herman's Broadway musical Mack & Mabel as Mack Sennett, the famous silent film director. That same year the film version of Mame, another famed Jerry Herman musical, was released with Preston starring, alongside Lucille Ball, in the role of Beauregard Burnside. In the film, which was not a box-office success, Preston sang \"Loving You\", which was written and composed by Herman especially for Preston in the film.", "precise_score": 1.0543222427368164, "rough_score": -2.7988905906677246, "source": "wiki", "title": "Robert Preston (actor)" }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "Barbara Cook (born October 25, 1927) is an American singer and actress who first came to prominence in the 1950s after starring in the original Broadway musicals Plain and Fancy (1955), Candide (1956) and The Music Man (1957) among others, winning a Tony Award for the last. She continued performing mostly in theatre until the mid-1970s, when she began a second career that continues to this day as a cabaret and concert singer. She has also made numerous recordings.", "precise_score": 4.506584644317627, "rough_score": 3.191317319869995, "source": "wiki", "title": "Barbara Cook" }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "Although Candide was not a success, Cook's portrayal of Cunegonde established her as one of Broadway's leading ingenues. Her two most famous roles after this were her Tony Award winning portrayal of Marian the Librarian in Meredith Willson's 1957 hit The Music Man and as Amalia Balash in the 1962 Jerry Bock-Sheldon Harnick musical She Loves Me.[http://www.mtishows.com/show_detail.asp?showid", "precise_score": -1.0495103597640991, "rough_score": -3.3724422454833984, "source": "wiki", "title": "Barbara Cook" }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "Barbara Cook is best-loved and remembered for her work on the Broadway stage. An amazing singer and refreshingly impulsive actress, she made her debut at age 23 in the musical \"Flahooley\". Roles in \"Plain and Fancy\" and, the most famous flop of all time, \"Candide\" followed. In 1957, she created her most famous role as Marion Paroo opposite Robert Preston in \"The Music Man\". She won a Tony for her work. Other shows included \"The Gay Life\", \"She Loves Me\" and \"Something More\". After the short-lived \"Grass Harp\" during the early '70s, Cook retired from the musical theater. Not long after, she emerged as a dynamite cabaret singer. This second phase of her career is still going strong today.", "precise_score": 6.938198566436768, "rough_score": 6.21990442276001, "source": "search", "title": "Barbara Cook - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "Won Broadway's 1958 Tony Award as Best Supporting or Featured Actress (Musical) for playing Marian in \"The Music Man.\" In 2002, she was nominated in the Special Theatrical Event Category for her show \"Barbara Cook Sings Mostly Sondheim.\".", "precise_score": 3.6556625366210938, "rough_score": -0.3762703537940979, "source": "search", "title": "Barbara Cook - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "The Maltz Jupiter Theatre presents The Music Man, featuring music, lyrics and book by Meredith Willson. The Music Man is based on a story by Willson and Franklin Lacey that was originally developed from a theme in Willson's 1948 memoir \"And There I Stood With My Piccolo.\" After more than forty drafts, The Music Man opened on Broadway at the Majestic Theatre on December 19, 1957. It remained at the Majestic for nearly three years before transferring to the Broadway Theatre to complete its 1,375-performance run. Starring Robert Preston and Barbara Cook, the show received five Tony Awards. A 1980 revival of the show starring Dick Van Dyke opened at the New York City Center in 1980, running for 21 performances. A second revival opened in 2000 at the Neil Simon Theatre, where it ran for 669 performances, and received eight Tony Award nominations. The popularity of the show also led to a 1962 film adaptation starring Robert Preston, and a 2003 television remake with Matthew Broderick.", "precise_score": 6.253699779510498, "rough_score": 3.9421801567077637, "source": "search", "title": "Talkin' Broadway Regional News & Reviews - \"The Music Man ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "The Music Man premiered on Broadway in 1957 starring Robert Preston and Barbara Cook, garnering Tony awards for its stars, as well as for best musical. It has had two cinematic versions: the first starring Preston and Shirley Jones and a second featuring Matthew Broderick and Kristin Chenoweth. The show features such well-known songs as \"Seventy-Six Trombones,\" \"Trouble,\" \"Lida Rose\" and \"Till There Was You.\" The Heights Players first presented this show in 1991.", "precise_score": 9.17379093170166, "rough_score": 9.13813304901123, "source": "search", "title": "The Music Man - Off-Off-Broadway | Tickets, Reviews, Info ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "            �The Music Man,� with book, music and lyrics by Willson, and Franklin Lacey, was a hit on Broadway in 1957 starring Robert Preston and Barbara Cook. The show won five Tony Awards, including for best musical. Revivals,  a film adaptation and a TV remake followed.", "precise_score": 9.458755493164062, "rough_score": 8.664776802062988, "source": "search", "title": "'The Music Man' Parades into Westchester Broadway Theatre" }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "The Music Man premiered on Broadway in 1957 starring Robert Preston and Barbara Cook, and has been revived twice since. The tuner has been adapted for film twice: first in 1962 (with Preston and Shirley Jones) and again for TV in 2003 with  Matthew Broderick and Kristin Chenoweth .", "precise_score": 8.694490432739258, "rough_score": 9.439004898071289, "source": "search", "title": "Ya Got Trouble! NBC Will Air Live Broadcast of The Music ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "The Stage Door Theatre presents the musical The Music Man with music, lyrics and book by Meredith Willson. It is based on a story by Willson and Franklin Lacey originally developed from a theme in Willson's 1948 memoir \"And There I Stood With My Piccolo.\" After more than forty drafts, The Music Man opened on Broadway at the Majestic Theatre on December 19, 1957. It remained at the Majestic for nearly three years before transferring to the Broadway Theatre to complete its 1,375-performance run. The original production, starring Robert Preston and Barbara Cook, received five Tony Awards.", "precise_score": 5.11726188659668, "rough_score": 0.6392698287963867, "source": "search", "title": "Talkin' Broadway Regional News & Reviews - \"The Music Man ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "Coming along in the summer of 1962, four and a half years after the Broadway opening, the film version of The Music Man appeared in an era when Hollywood was more likely to be faithful to stage musicals, rather than dramatically altering them, as had been the practice in the past. The Music Man found Robert Preston re-creating his starring role as conman Professor Harold Hill, intent on swindling the good people of River City, IA, by selling them on a fictitious boys' band, and some minor roles were also filled by the Broadway originals. More important, Meredith Willson 's score was rendered intact, the only change being a revision of the song \"My White Knight\" into \"Being in Love.\" The major casting change was the substitution of Shirley Jones, who had a box-office track record, for Barbara Cook , who did not, in the role of Marian the librarian. Cook may have been preferable, but Jones handled the part well, too. Musically, the big change had to do with scale; the Broadway pit orchestra and original cast were replaced by a vast Hollywood orchestra and chorus, and musical director Ray Heindorf made the most of the larger effects on songs like \"Seventy Six Trombones.\" Still, the music fan who already owned a copy of the original Broadway cast recording didn't really need to plump for the original motion picture soundtrack, which didn't keep the album from racing up the charts and going gold as the film became one of the year's top grossers. But it remains true; unless you are a Shirley Jones fan or want to hear future Andy Griffith Show co-star and film director Ronnie Howard sing \"Gary, Indiana\" with a lisp, stick to the Broadway version.", "precise_score": 4.358304023742676, "rough_score": 1.2365221977233887, "source": "search", "title": "The Music Man [Original Soundtrack] - Original Motion ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "Robert Preston (June 8, 1918 – March 21, 1987) was an American stage and film actor best remembered for originating the role of Professor Harold Hill in the 1957 musical The Music Man and the 1962 film adaptation; the film earned him his first of two Golden Globe Award nominations. Preston collaborated twice with filmmaker Blake Edwards, first in S.O.B. (1981) and again in Victor Victoria (1982). For portraying Carroll \"Toddy\" Todd in the latter, he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor at the 55th Academy Awards.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.108090877532959, "source": "wiki", "title": "Robert Preston (actor)" }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "* The Music Man (Dec 19, 1957 – Apr 15, 1961)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.354562759399414, "source": "wiki", "title": "Robert Preston (actor)" }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "* The Music Man (1962)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.389354705810547, "source": "wiki", "title": "Robert Preston (actor)" }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "After Harper's death in October 2004, Cook made the painful adjustment to new accompanists in solo shows like Tribute (a reference to Harper) and No One Is Alone that continued to receive acclaim; The New York Times wrote in 2005 that she was \"at the top of her game.... Cook's voice is remarkably unchanged from 1958, when she won the Tony Award for playing Marian the Librarian in The Music Man. A few high notes aside, it is, eerily, as rich and clear as ever.\" In January 2006, Cook became the first female pop singer to be presented by the Metropolitan Opera in the company's more than one hundred-year history. She presented a solo concert of Broadway show tunes and classic jazz standards, and was supported on a few numbers by guest singers Audra McDonald and Josh Groban. The concert was recorded and subsequently released on CD. On June 25, 2006, Cook was the special guest star of the Award Winning Gay Men's Chorus of Washington, D.C., celebrating GMCW's Silver Anniversary in a performance at the Kennedy Center in Washington DC. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.763495445251465, "source": "wiki", "title": "Barbara Cook" }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "* The Music Man (1957)—Grammy Award winner (Best Original Cast Album) ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.371746063232422, "source": "wiki", "title": "Barbara Cook" }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "*The Music Man (1957) ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.437580108642578, "source": "wiki", "title": "Barbara Cook" }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "* Barbara Cook sings from The Music Man (1957 production)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.992508411407471, "source": "wiki", "title": "Barbara Cook" }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "Talkin' Broadway Regional News & Reviews - \"The Music Man\" 12/5/12", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.840764999389648, "source": "search", "title": "Talkin' Broadway Regional News & Reviews - \"The Music Man ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "The Music Man", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.498016357421875, "source": "search", "title": "Talkin' Broadway Regional News & Reviews - \"The Music Man ..." }, { "answer": "Marian Paroo", "passage": "Set in the rural town of River City, Iowa, in 1912, the story concerns a con-man named Harold Hill (Matt Loehr). His latest scheme is posing as a boys' band organizer and leader who sells band instruments and uniforms to naive townsfolk, and then skips out with the cash. In River City he meets a prim librarian and piano teacher named Marian Paroo (Mandy Bruno), too shrewd to be taken in by his smooth talk. Though she quickly learns he is an imposter, Marian softens her attitude toward Hill when he helps her younger brother Winthrop (Aaron Simons) overcome his fear of social interactions due to the loss of his father and his lisp. As the people of the town are transformed by his energy and the excitement of something new at hand, Marian protects Harold as she waits to see how his scheme will unfold. Caught off guard by his feelings toward her, Hill in turn risks being caught in his own scam as the unlikely couple begins to fall in love.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.281715393066406, "source": "search", "title": "Talkin' Broadway Regional News & Reviews - \"The Music Man ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "The Maltz has provided excellent lighting and sound, beautifully played and sung music, and wonderful choreography. There are some minor concerns about rural Iowa being portrayed so polished and cute by scenic designer Depoo. There is greater concern with costuming by Rivera. It seemed his goal was beauty and grandeur over appropriateness to character, location and time period. Marian's parade of gorgeous gowns and dresses are impeccably tailored but incredibly wrong for a librarian living in a River City. They would only have been right had she been a wealthy young woman living in a major city such as New York or Chicago. Overall, the production of The Music Man at the Maltz is a visually joyful and pleasing one indeed, and it is highly unlikely that one will ever find one better choreographed and danced.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.204446792602539, "source": "search", "title": "Talkin' Broadway Regional News & Reviews - \"The Music Man ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "In addition to The Music Man, Meredith Willson also wrote the musicals The Unsinkable Molly Brown and Here's Love. Other work includes three autobiographies, assorted film scores, symphonies and chamber music, and a handful of popular tunes such as \"It's Beginning to Look a Lot Like Christmas.\" His many awards include the Presidential Medal of Freedom, presented posthumously by President Ronald Reagan in 1987.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.752540588378906, "source": "search", "title": "Talkin' Broadway Regional News & Reviews - \"The Music Man ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "The Music Man will be appearing at the Maltz Jupiter Theatre through December 16, 2012. The Maltz Jupiter Theatre is a 550-seat, nonprofit, community-based Equity regional theatre belonging to the League of Resident Theatres, and the Florida Professional Theatre Association. This theatre employees both local and non-local Equity and non-union cast and crew members. The theatre is located at 1001 Indiantown Rd. (just off of A1A) in Jupiter, Florida. For tickets and complete information on the theatre's offerings, contact them by phone at 561/ 575-2223 or 800/ 445-1666, and online at www.jupitertheatre.org .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.156881332397461, "source": "search", "title": "Talkin' Broadway Regional News & Reviews - \"The Music Man ..." }, { "answer": "Marian Paroo", "passage": "Marian Paroo: Mandy Bruno*", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.419023513793945, "source": "search", "title": "Talkin' Broadway Regional News & Reviews - \"The Music Man ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "The Music Man - Off-Off-Broadway | Tickets, Reviews, Info and More", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.680062294006348, "source": "search", "title": "The Music Man - Off-Off-Broadway | Tickets, Reviews, Info ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "The Music Man", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.498016357421875, "source": "search", "title": "The Music Man - Off-Off-Broadway | Tickets, Reviews, Info ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "Visit the The Music Man website:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.555647850036621, "source": "search", "title": "The Music Man - Off-Off-Broadway | Tickets, Reviews, Info ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "'The Music Man' Parades into Westchester Broadway Theatre | Westchester Broadway Theatre", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.509662628173828, "source": "search", "title": "'The Music Man' Parades into Westchester Broadway Theatre" }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "'The Music Man' Parades into Westchester Broadway Theatre", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.322378158569336, "source": "search", "title": "'The Music Man' Parades into Westchester Broadway Theatre" }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "�Seventy-Six Trombones� and an ensemble of spirited performers lead the big parade that is �The Music Man� at Westchester Broadway Theatre. The Family Theatre Co. is presenting Meredith Willson�s musical through July 29with a cast comprised of both New York City and local actors.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.033883094787598, "source": "search", "title": "'The Music Man' Parades into Westchester Broadway Theatre" }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "            �The Music Man� is the story of con man �Professor� Harold Hill who moves into new territory when he decides to �give Iowa a try.� The citizens of River City are his latest marks.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.454169273376465, "source": "search", "title": "'The Music Man' Parades into Westchester Broadway Theatre" }, { "answer": "Marian Paroo", "passage": "            Marian Paroo is River City�s librarian, piano teacher and moral authority who is skeptical of Harold, but eventually falls in love with him because his scheme helps her younger brother Winthrop overcome his crippling shyness", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.466019630432129, "source": "search", "title": "'The Music Man' Parades into Westchester Broadway Theatre" }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "Ya Got Trouble! NBC Will Air Live Broadcast of The Music Man | Broadway Buzz | Broadway.com", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.329248428344727, "source": "search", "title": "Ya Got Trouble! NBC Will Air Live Broadcast of The Music ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "Ya Got Trouble! NBC Will Air Live Broadcast of The Music Man", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.32811164855957, "source": "search", "title": "Ya Got Trouble! NBC Will Air Live Broadcast of The Music ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "'The Music Man'", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.510641098022461, "source": "search", "title": "Ya Got Trouble! NBC Will Air Live Broadcast of The Music ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "NBC will bring 'The Music Man' to the small screen.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.374188423156738, "source": "search", "title": "Ya Got Trouble! NBC Will Air Live Broadcast of The Music ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "Pick-a-little, talk-a-little—have you heard? The Music Man is coming to NBC! According to The Hollywood Reporter , NBC honcho Robert Greenblatt announced in his upfront presentation on May 12 that the network will air a live telecast of the iconic 1957 musical. The broadcast follows on the heels of the  mega-successful  telecast of The Sound of Music, starring Carrie Underwood, and the upcoming Peter Pan. (Meanwhile, Fox  recently announced plans to bring Grease to the small screen.) ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.610413551330566, "source": "search", "title": "Ya Got Trouble! NBC Will Air Live Broadcast of The Music ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "The Music Man features music and lyrics by Meredith Willson and a book by Willson and Franklin Lacey. It centers on Harold Hill, a traveling con man who poses as a band leader—despite not knowing the first thing about playing an instrument. Marian Paroo, the town librarian, sees through his act, but as the two fall in love, Hill risks being revealed as a fraud. The musical includes such famous songs as \"Good Night My Someone,\" \"Seventy-Six Trombones,\" \"Gary, Indiana,\" \"Shipoopi\" and \"Til There Was You.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.315572738647461, "source": "search", "title": "Ya Got Trouble! NBC Will Air Live Broadcast of The Music ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "Talkin' Broadway Regional News & Reviews - \"The Music Man\" 5/15/11", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.759956359863281, "source": "search", "title": "Talkin' Broadway Regional News & Reviews - \"The Music Man ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "Set in Iowa in 1912, the plot of The Music Man concerns a con man named Harold Hill (Jonathan Van Dyke). His latest scheme is posing as a boys' band organizer and leader who sells band instruments and uniforms to naive townsfolk and then skips out with the cash. In River City he meets prim librarian and piano teacher Marian Paroo (Colleen Amaya), too shrewd to be taken in by his smooth talk. Though she knows he is an imposter, gradually she softens her attitude toward Hill when he helps her younger brother, Winthrop (Max Greenberg), overcome his fear of social interactions due to his lisp. Hill in turn risks being caught in his scam as the unlikely couple begin to fall in love.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.20364761352539, "source": "search", "title": "Talkin' Broadway Regional News & Reviews - \"The Music Man ..." }, { "answer": "Charlie Cowell", "passage": "Missy McArdle is hysterical as Eulalie Mackecknie Shinn, and her cronies the \"Pick-a-Little\" ladies are a treat to watch. Kevin Reilley milks the role of Charlie Cowell, making the character so smarmy you might want to bathe. Usually the children on stage are given more credit than they might deserve because they are young and cute, but in this case both Max Greenberg as Winthrop and Juliana Simone Carrasco as Amaryllis could easily steal the show if given more scenes. Greenberg sings \"The Wells Fargo Wagon\" with sweetness and charm, and it is clear that Carrasco may be young but knows what she is doing as an actress on stage. The male, barbershop-style quartet nails songs such as \"Good Night Ladies\" and \"Lida Rose\" with tight harmonies.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.834532737731934, "source": "search", "title": "Talkin' Broadway Regional News & Reviews - \"The Music Man ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "In addition to The Music Man Meredith Willson also wrote two other musicals: The Unsinkable Molly Brown and Here's Love. Other work includes three autobiographies, assorted film scores, symphonies and chamber music, and a handful of popular tunes such as \"It's Beginning to Look a Lot Like Christmas.\" His many awards include the Presidential Medal of Freedom, presented posthumously by President Ronald Reagan in 1987.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.8504056930542, "source": "search", "title": "Talkin' Broadway Regional News & Reviews - \"The Music Man ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "The Music Man will be appearing at The Stage Door Theatre through June 19, 2011. The theater is located at 8036 W. Sample Rd in Coral Springs, Florida. The Stage Door Theatre is a not-for-profit professional theatre company hiring local and non-local nonunion actors and actresses. Their two stages in Coral Springs are open year round. For tickets and information on their season, you may contact them by phone at 954-344-7765 or online at www.stagedoortheatre.com .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.074224472045898, "source": "search", "title": "Talkin' Broadway Regional News & Reviews - \"The Music Man ..." }, { "answer": "Marian Paroo", "passage": "Marian Paroo: Colleen Amaya", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.372774124145508, "source": "search", "title": "Talkin' Broadway Regional News & Reviews - \"The Music Man ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "The Music Man [Original Soundtrack] - Original Motion Picture Soundtrack | Songs, Reviews, Credits | AllMusic", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.521574020385742, "source": "search", "title": "The Music Man [Original Soundtrack] - Original Motion ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "The Music Man [Original Soundtrack]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.508655548095703, "source": "search", "title": "The Music Man [Original Soundtrack] - Original Motion ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "The Music Man Will Receive Live NBC Broadcast - TheaterMania.com", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.193826675415039, "source": "search", "title": "The Music Man Will Receive Live NBC Broadcast ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "The Music Man Will Receive Live NBC Broadcast", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355271339416504, "source": "search", "title": "The Music Man Will Receive Live NBC Broadcast ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "Robert Preston leads the band in the 1962 film version of Meredith Willson's The Music Man.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.0424485206604, "source": "search", "title": "The Music Man Will Receive Live NBC Broadcast ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "A live presentation of Meredith Willson's Tony Award-winning musical The Music Man will be seen in the near future on NBC, the network's chairman Bob Greenblatt revealed Monday morning.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.23145580291748, "source": "search", "title": "The Music Man Will Receive Live NBC Broadcast ..." }, { "answer": "The Music Man", "passage": "The Music Man tells the story of con man Harold Hill, who arrives in a small Iowa town and attempts to sell the community on the creation of a boys' band. He suddenly falls for Marian, the local librarian, and his conscience gets in the way of his ill deeds.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.411979675292969, "source": "search", "title": "The Music Man Will Receive Live NBC Broadcast ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Carousel", "passage": "1000+ images about Fairground Attraction on Pinterest | Carousels, Fair games and Amusement parks", "precise_score": -4.1284942626953125, "rough_score": -3.230520248413086, "source": "search", "title": "Fairground Attraction on Pinterest | Carousels, Carnivals ..." }, { "answer": "Carousel", "passage": "Taken for a ride: A café owner in Grantham, Lincolnshire, was forced to shut up shop for three days after the local council put up a fairground carousel ride just inches from his shop window", "precise_score": -6.327373504638672, "rough_score": -7.043691158294678, "source": "search", "title": "Grantham cafe sees fairground attraction erected inches ..." }, { "answer": "Carousel", "passage": "if we could go to the carousel (or the giant pink bunny) all gussied up that would be fantastic!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.061845779418945, "source": "search", "title": "Fairground Attraction on Pinterest | Carousels, Carnivals ..." }, { "answer": "Carousel", "passage": "Workers had positioned the carousel-style attraction so close to the front door that it could not even be fully opened.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.603057861328125, "source": "search", "title": "Grantham cafe sees fairground attraction erected inches ..." }, { "answer": "Carousel", "passage": "Sandwiched in: Workers had positioned the carousel-style attraction so close to the front door of Cafe Leo that it could not even be fully opened", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.197187423706055, "source": "search", "title": "Grantham cafe sees fairground attraction erected inches ..." }, { "answer": "Carousel", "passage": "Players would aim their gun at miniature theatres whose characters would appear when and if the targets were hit – a wooden dancer might twirl across the stage, for example, or a monster jump out from behind a cardboard tree. Its photographic descendent first made an appearance around 1920, enjoying a healthy following until the late 70s, when it went the way of steam-powered carousels and cake-walks.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.499271392822266, "source": "search", "title": "Arles photography festival: Shoot! Existential Photography ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "In 1968, Rice and Lloyd Webber were commissioned to write a piece for the Colet Court preparatory school, which resulted in Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, a retelling of the biblical story of Joseph in which Lloyd Webber and Rice humorously pastiche a number of musical styles such as Elvis-style rock'n'roll, Calypso and country music. Joseph began life as a short cantata that gained some recognition on its second staging with a favourable review in The Times. For its subsequent performances, Rice and Lloyd Webber revised the show and added new songs to expand it to a more substantial length. This culminated in a two-hour-long production being staged in the West End on the back of the success of Jesus Christ Superstar.", "precise_score": 4.310822486877441, "rough_score": 5.777611255645752, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "In 1969 Rice and Lloyd Webber wrote a song for the Eurovision Song Contest called \"Try It and See,\" which was not selected. With rewritten lyrics it became \"King Herod's Song\" in their third musical, Jesus Christ Superstar (1970).", "precise_score": 3.7131974697113037, "rough_score": 3.661755323410034, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "The planned follow-up to Jesus Christ Superstar was a musical comedy based on the Jeeves and Wooster novels by P. G. Wodehouse. Tim Rice was uncertain about this venture, partly because of his concern that he might not be able to do justice to the novels that he and Lloyd Webber so admired. After doing some initial work on the lyrics, he pulled out of the project and Lloyd Webber subsequently wrote the musical with Alan Ayckbourn, who provided the book and lyrics. Jeeves failed to make any impact at the box office and closed after a short run of only three weeks. Many years later, Lloyd Webber and Ayckbourn revisited this project, producing a thoroughly reworked and more successful version entitled By Jeeves (1996). Only two of the songs from the original production remained (\"Half a Moment\" and \"Banjo Boy\").", "precise_score": 3.7422330379486084, "rough_score": 5.562376976013184, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Lloyd Webber collaborated with Rice once again to write Evita (1978 in London/1979 in U.S.), a musical based on the life of Eva Perón. As with Jesus Christ Superstar, Evita was released first as a concept album (1976) and featured Julie Covington singing the part of Eva Perón. The song \"Don't Cry for Me Argentina\" became a hit single and the musical was staged at the Prince Edward Theatre in a production directed by Harold Prince and starring Elaine Paige in the title role.", "precise_score": 2.4764962196350098, "rough_score": 5.69888973236084, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "As Andrew Lloyd Webber's ‘Jesus Christ Superstar’ gets the talent-show treatment in ITV1's 'Superstar', Matthew Sweet recalls the hostility it once aroused.", "precise_score": 1.8448230028152466, "rough_score": 4.454225540161133, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar: Andrew Lloyd Webber's ... - Telegraph" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Sir Tim Rice and Lord [Andrew] Lloyd Webber’s 1971 rock opera Jesus Christ Superstar is a four-decade phenomenon. Seven million albums sold; productions in 41 countries; an Oscar-nominated movie adaptation; “the biggest media parley in showbiz history,” according to Variety. But it also deserves another, less obvious accolade. Thanks to its portrayal of its hero as a fallible figure uncertain of his own divinity, Jesus Christ Superstar remains the most protested-against work in the history of musical theatre – and these protests are still being made.", "precise_score": 5.767660140991211, "rough_score": 7.648537635803223, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar: Andrew Lloyd Webber's ... - Telegraph" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "In the West End offices of Lloyd Webber’s Really Useful Theatre Company, evidence of the rich history of Jesus Christ Superstar has been carefully preserved. The files record that its producer, the wily Robert Stigwood, arranged for a gaggle of bishops to see the show before the critics; that Norman Jewison, the film’s director, wanted to cast Paul McCartney as Jesus and crucify him on a Californian rubbish dump.", "precise_score": 2.615400791168213, "rough_score": 2.8741066455841064, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar: Andrew Lloyd Webber's ... - Telegraph" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "When Rice was interviewed by Time magazine in 1970, he described Jesus as “simply the right man at the right time at the right place”. Something similar was true of his show: Jesus Christ Superstar suited the febrile cultural atmosphere of the early Seventies, and those it failed to offend thought they saw their own preoccupations reflected in its surface. Larry Marshall – who played Simon Zealotes in the film – identified Jesus as antiquity’s equivalent of the Black Power leader Stokeley Carmichael: “It was all politics and manipulation then, and that’s what it’s at today.” Conversely, Nixon’s chief of staff Bob Haldeman was known in the White House as “a walking, talking advertisement” for the Jesus Christ Superstar album – until Watergate gave him the chance to share his enthusiasm with the inmates at Lompoc Federal Prison.", "precise_score": 4.096314430236816, "rough_score": 2.7313411235809326, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar: Andrew Lloyd Webber's ... - Telegraph" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Tim Rice doesn't think Jesus Christ Superstar \"needs that tasteless reality television treatment\" that his former collaborator Andrew Lloyd Webber's about to give it, he tells the U.K.'s Telegraph. Webber's latest reality-contest show for Britain's ITV would find a new Jesus for a staging of JCS — and according to Rice, having judges tell musical-theater hopefuls that they could be Christ is perilous. \"It opens up a lot of opportunities for spoofs and I think it would be ill-advised to have people voting for who should be Jesus,\" Rice says. Fair enough! (Webber's previous television endeavors, including How Do You Solve a Problem Like Maria? and Any Dream Will Do, were \"relentlessly downmarket,\" Rice says, \"which is fine if the show is a lightweight bit of fluff.\") Rice says he has veto power for all casting decisions, \"so if Andrew casts it on TV and I didn't like the person, I could say so,\" and that he's already asked Webber and ITV not to move forward with the show. \"It's just possible that it might be the most sophisticated, tasteful show hosted by the Archbishop of Canterbury, but I doubt it,\" Rice says. \"It sounds tacky.\"", "precise_score": 5.86971378326416, "rough_score": 7.27479362487793, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar TV Show Displeases Tim Rice - Vulture" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber�s Jesus Christ Superstar set the world buzzing when it first appeared on vinyl in 1970 and on Broadway in 1971. The executives at MCA Records were terrified by it. In reaction to the single \"Superstar,\" one MCA exec said, \"A song like that will offend everyone.\" Another said, \"If we put that record out, every churchman in the country will stone us.\" It made one secretary cry, who said, \"It�s sad when a company like Decca [owned by MCA] has to make money by making fun of Jesus!\" Later on, the film�s director Norman Jewison would say, \"My hope is that audiences will take this for what it is � an opera, not history. These kids are trying to take Jesus off the stained-glass windows and get him down on the street. Some people are not going to like that.\" As author Robert Short put it, \"It is a complete misunderstanding to view Jesus Christ Superstar as an expression of anyone�s answer� Its purpose is, first, to put to Jesus the question we have today about the meaning of life, and second, to put this question in our own way of putting it.\" Tim Rice did with this story the same thing that clergy across America do every Sunday morning: remove it from its distant past and foreign culture and give it resonance and relevance to the issues and obstacles we face every day.", "precise_score": 3.4189507961273193, "rough_score": 3.6949830055236816, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Rice says he was first inspired by the lyric from Bob Dylan, song, \"With God on Our Side\": \"I can�t think for you, you�ll have to decide, did Judas Iscariot have God on his side?\" Rice was quoted at the time saying, \"We need to humanize Christ, because for me, I find Jesus as portrayed in the Gospels as a God as a very unrealistic figure� The same is true, on the other hand, for Judas who is portrayed just as a sort of cardboard cut-out figure of evil.\" Strangely, the bulk of American and British critics complained repeatedly that this was not a proper retelling of the Biblical story of Christ, and the respected British director Peter Hall said, \"I think Jesus Christ Superstar says nothing about Christ and nothing for or against religion.\" Of course, they were exactly right, but they hadn�t understood that this was the creators� intention all along. Rice and Lloyd Webber never intended to tell the \"Biblical\" story but instead an alternative story of famous events; and what�s more, they were telling the story of Judas, not Jesus.", "precise_score": 2.4317569732666016, "rough_score": 2.674896717071533, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Like Rice and Lloyd Webber's later rock opera Evita, Jesus Christ Superstar follows two main themes. The first is success and the power that comes with it. As the show opens, Jesus has found great success in his ministry. He is reaching tens of thousands of people with his ideas and they are following him. Though his goal is not power, he finds himself becoming powerful enough to make the priests very nervous. The priests have great success and power as well. Their position in the church brings with it not only substantial wealth but also political power, which is now being threatened by Jesus. If people listen to Jesus� radical ideas about having a personal relationship with God, about redistribution of wealth, about turning the other cheek, they will stop listening to the priests and the social order will come a-tumbling down� Without followers, the church loses all its power � and its money. As with any political struggle, including the current political landscape in America, there is a great battle fought for the hearts and minds of the masses. As the show opens Jesus is winning, but before the show is over, fortunes are reversed and Jesus ultimately loses the battle. Herod and Pilate are also men of great power; and Pilate represents the inescapable responsibility that goes with power.", "precise_score": 5.07046365737915, "rough_score": 6.544133186340332, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "TIM RICE has worked in music, theatre and films since 1965 when he met Andrew Lloyd Webber, a fellow struggling songwriter. Rather than pursue Tim’s ambitions to write rock or pop songs they turned their attention to Andrew’s obsession – musical theatre. Their first collaboration (lyrics by Tim, music by Andrew) was an unsuccessful show based on the life of Dr. Barnardo, the Victorian philanthropist, The Likes Of Us. Their next three works together were much more successful – Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, Jesus Christ Superstar and Evita.", "precise_score": 1.810467004776001, "rough_score": 3.3134775161743164, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar – About The Show" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar is a 1970 rock opera by Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice. The album musical is a musical dramatisation of the last week of the life of Jesus Christ, beginning with his entry into Jerusalem and ending with the Crucifixion.", "precise_score": 5.86393404006958, "rough_score": 6.584449768066406, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar (1970) full cd - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Tim Rice isn’t pleased to hear about writing partner Andrew Lloyd Webber’s latest reality casting show, Superstar , according to the Daily Mail. The reality competition, which will air on ITV, will cast the lead in an upcoming arena production of Webber and Rice’s rock musical Jesus Christ Superstar and Rice has been vocal with his disapproval. “I’ve had several meetings with Andrew and said that I don’t want this done, but now it appears it’s been signed and sealed,” he said.", "precise_score": 4.737070083618164, "rough_score": 7.215259552001953, "source": "search", "title": "Upset Tim Rice Calls Andrew Lloyd Webber's Superstar TV ..." }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar - Tim Rice & Andrew Lloyd Webber 1970 - YouTube", "precise_score": 3.642009735107422, "rough_score": 6.8687567710876465, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar - Tim Rice & Andrew Lloyd Webber ..." }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar - Tim Rice & Andrew Lloyd Webber 1970", "precise_score": 4.114773750305176, "rough_score": 7.229710102081299, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar - Tim Rice & Andrew Lloyd Webber ..." }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Andrew Lloyd Webber interview: the second coming of Jesus Christ Superstar", "precise_score": 0.3279726505279541, "rough_score": 2.47896671295166, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber interview: the second coming of Jesus ..." }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "A single – \"Superstar from the musical Jesus Christ\" – led to a record deal, and so the show was written and conceived as a concept album. \"It is very much a child of its time,\" says Lloyd Webber. The LP was respectfully received in England, \"but the verdict was that it would be too unhip for the young and too controversial for the old. So we thought that was that.\"", "precise_score": 2.4096908569335938, "rough_score": 3.581148147583008, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber interview: the second coming of Jesus ..." }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Lloyd Webber admits he was surprised that the ITV programme did not receive any complaints. In its day, Jesus Christ Superstar was both popular and uncontroversial – embraced for the openness of its view of Christ. But as a new generation discovers it in the age of Twitter, he wonders how it will be received.", "precise_score": 2.3692097663879395, "rough_score": 3.3405838012695312, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber interview: the second coming of Jesus ..." }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "The Stratford Shakespeare Festival’s Production of Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice’s JESUS CHRIST SUPERSTAR, directed by Des Mcanuff.", "precise_score": 4.4038896560668945, "rough_score": 3.453524589538574, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber’s Jesus Christ Superstar originally opened in New York on 12th September 1971. For the 25th anniversary of the show...", "precise_score": 4.534890651702881, "rough_score": 7.856319427490234, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber's Jesus Christ Superstar opened in London at the Palace Theatre on 9th August 1972.", "precise_score": 4.307744026184082, "rough_score": 6.693432807922363, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "The first Tim Rice / Andrew Lloyd Webber work to be professionally staged was Jesus Christ Superstar. Tim had been fascinated by the short shrift given to the stories of Judas Iscariot and Pontius Pilate in the Bible since his school days, and so the duo chose to examine the last seven days of the life of Christ for their third collaboration. Like Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, the story is told entirely through song.", "precise_score": 5.93819522857666, "rough_score": 6.947512626647949, "source": "search", "title": "Sir Tim Rice -- Jesus Christ Superstar" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Several of his musicals have run for more than a decade both in the West End and on Broadway. He has composed 13 musicals, a song cycle, a set of variations, two film scores, and a Latin Requiem Mass. Several of his songs have been widely recorded and were hits outside of their parent musicals, notably \"The Music of the Night\" from The Phantom of the Opera, \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" from Jesus Christ Superstar, \"Don't Cry for Me, Argentina\" and \"You Must Love Me\" from Evita, \"Any Dream Will Do\" from Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat and \"Memory\" from Cats.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.554864883422852, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "In 2012 Lloyd Webber fronted a new ITV primetime show Superstar which gave the UK public the chance to decide who would play the starring role of Jesus in an upcoming arena tour of Jesus Christ Superstar. The arena tour started in September 2012 and also starred comedian Tim Minchin as Judas Iscariot, former Spice Girl Melanie C as Mary Magdalene and BBC Radio 1 DJ Chris Moyles as King Herod. Tickets for most venues went on sale on 18 May 2012.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.7004976272583008, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "However, Lloyd Webber's biographer, John Snelson, countered such accusations. He acknowledged a similarity between the Andante movement of Mendelssohn's Violin Concerto in E minor and the Jesus Christ Superstar song \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\", but wrote that Lloyd Webber:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.4833099842071533, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "One nomination for Best Original Song Score and Adaptation: 1973 motion picture Jesus Christ Superstar", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.553380966186523, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "* Jesus Christ Superstar (1970)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.417869567871094, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "There have been a number of film adaptations of the Lloyd Webber musicals. Jesus Christ Superstar (1973) was directed by Norman Jewison; Evita (1996) was directed by Alan Parker; and The Phantom of the Opera (2004) was directed by Joel Schumacher and co-produced by Lloyd Webber. Cats, Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, Jesus Christ Superstar and By Jeeves have been adapted into made for television films that have been released on DVD and VHS and often air on BBC.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.3345300853252411, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar: Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical goes from ‘evil brew’ to family TV in ITV1's Superstar - Telegraph", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.9440159797668457, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar: Andrew Lloyd Webber's ... - Telegraph" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar: Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical goes from ‘evil brew’ to family TV in ITV1's Superstar", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.530836820602417, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar: Andrew Lloyd Webber's ... - Telegraph" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "The film version of Jesus Christ Superstar (1973), with Ted Neeley, far right, as Jesus. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.00750732421875, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar: Andrew Lloyd Webber's ... - Telegraph" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "The show was banned last month in Belarus after a campaign by Orthodox prelates, who claimed to be acting on the wishes of “insulted believers”. Its 2011 tour of Ireland was picketed by Presbyterian ministers who denounced it as “an utter blasphemy” produced by “two sinful, blinded, benighted sinners”. In 2008, a Texan Baptist declared: “Every born-again Christian should readily recognise the evil of Jesus Christ Superstar, and should shun it like the plague.” One for the poster, perhaps.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.265802383422852, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar: Andrew Lloyd Webber's ... - Telegraph" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Starting next Saturday, British television is to provide the show’s enemies with more pulpit material. The new arena staging will discover its leading man through the quasi-judicial process familiar to viewers of the phone-ins that have procured Lloyd Webber a Maria, a Nancy, a Joseph and a Dorothy. It’s called Superstar. And if you just imagined the shiny face of Holden bellowing “You could be Jesus!” at sweaty hopefuls, then you’re not the first to have the thought.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.947512626647949, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar: Andrew Lloyd Webber's ... - Telegraph" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Melanie C and Chris Moyles join the cast of Jesus Christ Superstar", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.249212265014648, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar: Andrew Lloyd Webber's ... - Telegraph" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Not all, however, are willing to recant. In 1973, Marc Tanenbaum, the director of inter-religious affairs on the American Jewish Committee, commissioned a line-by-line analysis of Rice’s lyrics that concluded Jesus Christ Superstar was “a singularly damaging setback in the struggle against the religious sources of anti-Semitism”.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.032793998718262, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar: Andrew Lloyd Webber's ... - Telegraph" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Superstar will surely be incapable of insulating itself from the preposterous. But the vote ought to interest believers and atheists alike. It will give the British public a chance to make a collective statement about their perception of the character and appearance of Christ – and the winner may not be the cadaverous Anglo-Saxon we have been trained to expect.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.022933006286621, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar: Andrew Lloyd Webber's ... - Telegraph" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Superstar begins on ITV1 on Saturday July 7 at 7.25pm", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.506239891052246, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar: Andrew Lloyd Webber's ... - Telegraph" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar TV Show Displeases Tim Rice -- Vulture", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.3590050935745239, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar TV Show Displeases Tim Rice - Vulture" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Oh, it's going to be tacky as hell — though easy does it in that glass house, guy who wrote a Biblical rock opera. The promise of a Jesus Christ Superstar reality contest show where the prize for winning the show is getting to be Jesus is too great to risk. So, Sir Tim Rice, in a language we hope you understand, please realize that \"Everything's All Right,\" and that this show is going to be a treat.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.8571734428405762, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar TV Show Displeases Tim Rice - Vulture" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.518539428710938, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "� Superstar lyricist Tim Rice", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.24250316619873, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "But today, Jesus Christ Superstar has been dumbed down, made palatable and comfortable, robbed of the rebellious, smartass attitude that originally made music and theatre history. Nearly forty years after its creation, it is time to return the piece to its rebel roots and allow Rice�s aggressive text to offend, stun, shock, and disturb once again. Whether you�re a Christian or not, this is an important side to an important story in world history, and it�s a side rarely told anywhere else.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.173440933227539, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "With Superstar Rice and Lloyd Webber broke new ground in several ways. First, the idea of rock opera was still brand new; though The Who�s Tommy had already been released, no rock opera had been staged. Second, the idea that rock and roll was an acceptable � even a preferable � language with which to tell this story was quite radical. And perhaps most important to us today, the choice to focus the show on Judas rather than on Jesus lifted the show out of the category of mere cultural rebellion and into the realm of legitimate intellectual and artistic endeavor. This was a show not about Jesus� teachings, his divinity, his suffering on the cross, or his resurrection; this was a story that asked a simple question: Why did Judas feel he needed to betray Jesus? As the quote above shows us, Rice delved deep into all these characters, infusing them with personality, psychology, and ideology that the more simplistic storytelling style of the Bible never offered. Other dramatizations of this story fail because there�s no tension, no surprises, nothing unknown � we all know this story too well. But Rice told us a new story and that choice gave us back the dramatic elements that makes a good story; the politics of this story, the complicated relationship between Judas and Jesus, and so many other elements gave us back the tension, the surprises, and the unknowns that keep us involved in the story. And Rice�s story also gave us an active Judas and Jesus, rather than the passive, inherently undramatic characters the Bible gives us, unable to change fate, tossed around by the winds of divine providence. An active character is always more dramatic than a passive one. This show dramatized not just what happened, but why it happened. The show opened with Judas� warnings of disaster (in \"Heaven on Their Minds\") and ended with Judas� I-Told-You-So song, \"Superstar.\" This is Judas� story; he is the only central character who changes, who learns, who goes on a journey. Jesus is the same at the beginning of the story as he is at the end. He can�t be the protagonist.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.176851987838745, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "The show�s title song was released as a single before MCA recorded the whole opera (to see if it would be a commercial disaster), but no one knew when they first heard it that this was Judas speaking, and more specifically, that it was Judas scolding Jesus. They also didn�t know that this lyric would become the central point of the entire show and the answer to the story�s central question: Why did Judas betray Jesus? Like the single, the title of the opera is snide, sarcastic, angry, representing Judas� point of view, the idea that Jesus had become a \"superstar,\" a shallow, hyped personality worshipped merely for the hype like many pop stars of the 1960s and 70s and today. The title Jesus Christ Superstar embodies the reason for Judas� betrayal � the \"superstardom,\" the hype, the baggage became more important than the very important philosophical message Jesus wanted to convey, a message Judas believed in. To Judas, Jesus lost his stature as philosopher when he gained his status as superstar.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.358304977416992, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "The show never suggested that Jesus wasn�t divine, but neither did it reinforce the view that he was. This was not an entirely bizarre approach � though the canonical Christian gospels stress Jesus� divinity, the Gnostic gospels (including the Gospel of Thomas, the Gospel of Mary, and others) came from a different strand of early Christianity in which Christians believed fully in the wisdom and philosophy of Jesus but never even mentioned the idea that he was God. Likewise in Superstar that issue was off the table, irrelevant to the story Rice was telling. Everyone already knows the story of Jesus as the Son of God. This was the other, rarely examined side of the story of Jesus, an \"ordinary guy\" who became an unlikely star. It is that ordinariness that gives the story resonance and life but it also outraged Christians. Most people think of Jesus as a religious icon, but the people who lived and worked around him saw him as just another guy. Despite what most of us think, Jesus was not a carpenter in the sense of a trained artisan � the Greek word used to describe him (and his father) in the Gospels is tekton, meaning anyone who makes things with his hands. The modern equivalent might be a construction worker or day laborer. Jesus� family was one without land, putting them extremely low on the economic ladder. But Superstar was also the story of Jesus the social revolutionary, political insurgent, radical philosopher, apocalyptic prophet, a speaker of truth to power that terrified the religious and secular authorities. His ascendancy from such humble roots makes him even more of a puzzle and therefore more dangerous to the priests. Today, most productions of Jesus Christ Superstar are far blander than Rice intended, comfortably reinforcing mainstream beliefs. But this show was meant to be a call to political action, a reminder that all the great political and human rights movements in world history all found their roots in the very radical political agenda of Jesus and Judas.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.012493848800659, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Not surprisingly, this approach was considered blasphemous by mainstream Christians. Many of the show's critics believed that the story of Jesus should not be set to rock music. Of course, there are two problems with this position. First, merely because a music style is popular doesn't mean it can't treat serious subjects; Bach's music was popular in its time, yet no one today would complain that Bach's Passions are irreverent. Though the King James Bible seems old and formal and therefore reverent to us today, when it was written its language was contemporary. Unfortunately, many people today equate seriousness and import with antiquity. The second problem with the stand against Superstar is that Jesus himself was a major rebel of his time; he fought against the establishment, the high priests, the Pharisees, and the government. What better way to tell his story than with the musical language of rebellion? Keeping the story of Jesus and his views in antique forms takes the teeth out of his activism. There's no reason why people should not celebrate their beliefs in the language and music of their lives. Today, Superstar doesn't seem nearly as controversial because rock and roll is now the music of adults, and guitars are now allowed in mass; but imagine the uproar if the Catholic church began allowing rap music as part of the liturgy�", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.587503433227539, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Another source of consternation came during the Last Supper scene, when Jesus sings, \"For all you care about, this wine could be my blood. For all you care this bread could be my body.\" This was an extremely radical new approach to these words, but not an entire unsupported interpretation. The earliest copies of the Book of Luke describe the Last Supper very differently from what later, less authentic texts say and what most Bibles say today. In the original text of Luke, Jesus says \"Take this and drink it among yourselves, for I say to you that I will not drink from the fruit of the vine from now on, until the kingdom of God comes.\" And after breaking the bread he says, \"This is my body. But behold, the hand of the one who betrays me is with me at the table.\" There is no mention of his body or blood being sacrificed for the salvation of believers. That idea is nowhere to be found in the original Bible texts � not surprisingly, since it implied ritual vampirism and cannibalism, both pagan rituals. But that also means that, according to the earliest manuscripts, Jesus� death on the cross is not what provides salvation to believers. Superstar was making an entirely other point, that these men and women thought about what Jesus meant in their lives as little as they thought about what food or wine they put in their bodies � not complete apathy, but only minimal consideration. This was an accusation, not a clue to eternal salvation.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.068504333496094, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "In 1971, no one expected the next big Broadway musical would be based on the Bible. And they certainly didn�t expect it to be based on a pop album about Judas and Jesus. After all, the youth movement of the sixties had been about newfound spirituality but also about a rejection of institutionalized religion. Their drug use was not just an escape; it was also a means to help them find the spirituality they believed their parents had lost in the meaningless hypocrisy of organized religion in the 1950s. In 1967, Father James Kavanaugh had published his book A Modern Priest Looks at His Outdated Church. Looking at their parents and the rest of the \"older generation,\" they saw evidence that mainstream religions had reduced religious experience, the act of living through faith, to nothing more than symbols and metaphors, subverting and short-circuiting the religious experience itself. They believed that mainstream religious traditions and rituals got in the way of true faith and the search for ultimate truths. The language of the King James Bible was as remote from their lives as it could be, full of thees and thous, strange grammar and sentence structure; sure, young people thought, this dusty old relic doesn�t relate to my life in the tumultuous 1970s. Rice�s intentionally slangy, often unpoetic language in Superstar was a direct reaction to these feelings, to put blood and flesh back on these cardboard characters (much like the musical 1776 did for our Founding Fathers), to make them accessible to modern audiences. The opening images of the film version of Superstar created stunning visuals metaphors for this cultural tumult, panning across actual ruins in Israel, literally showing us the crumbling edifice of organized religion; and there in the middle of the ruins, the camera reveals modern-day scaffolding, the hint of a coming \"reconstruction\" of the philosophy of Jesus for modern times; and finally, the camera revels a busload of The Younger Generation coming toward us in the distance. And all this in one shot. Because more young Americans than ever before were attending college in the 1960s and 70s � and while there studying other world religions � they were finding that the Christian creation/Genesis story, the sacrifice/crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus Christ, the miracles performed by Jesus, and most of the rest of the central stories of Christianity had shown up in other world religions long before the birth of Christianity. Though this did not automatically discount all of Christianity for them, it did throw its claims of absolute and unique truth into question. As a result, many young adults began exploring the older Eastern religions.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.699094772338867, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "In the song \"Superstar,\" Judas speaks for these young people as he grills Jesus:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.741348266601562, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "John Lennon said in an interview with London�s Evening Standard, \"Christianity will go. It will vanish and shrink. I needn�t argue about that; I�m right and will be proved right. We�re more popular than Jesus right now. I don�t know which will go first, rock �n� roll or Christianity. Jesus was all right, but his disciples were thick and ordinary. It�s them twisting it that ruins it for me.\" Rice, Lloyd Webber, and their various directors were trying to find new meaning in the rubble of Jesus� moral philosophy. Christianity was in crisis (as it remains today), and far from mocking it or capitalizing on its woes, Jesus Christ Superstar was a legitimate, artful response to the crisis. In fact, the apostles in Rice and Lloyd Webber�s story were like much of the Western world�s youth in the early 70s, questioning, thirsting for a more substantial, less arbitrary, more participatory philosophy of life. Judas and his angry anthem became a rallying cry for youth all over America and Europe. On the jacket of the original single, \"Superstar,\" the record company printed a quote from Martin Sullivan, the Dean of St. Paul�s in London, \"There are some people who may be shocked by this record. I ask them to listen to it and think again. It is a desperate cry. Who are you, Jesus Christ? is the urgent enquiry, and a very proper one at that. The record probes some answers and make some comparisons.\" When the single was released, many U.S. radio stations played the record, then followed it was a discussion group.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.053845167160034, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "In October 1970 they released the full-length, double-album rock opera � not the first of its kind; Tommy gets that distinction � but certainly a landmark. By February, the single reached the top of the American charts. Some stations played the entire double album without commercial interruption. The Vatican�s own radio station played the album, even though the official Vatican newspaper didn�t like it. Ministers began using the lyric as a basis for their sermons. Unauthorized touring companies sprang up all over America, performing the show in concert, usually in churches. Thomas Willis wrote in the Chicago Tribune, \"I am neither a theologian nor a rock critic but if Jesus Christ Superstar isn�t the most important religious music of the year � and one of two or three significant recordings of the decade � I am sadly mistaken.\" Derek Jewell in London�s Sunday Times called it \"every bit as valid as (and to me, more moving than) Handel�s Messiah. This is a work on a heroic scale, masterfully conceived, honestly done, and overflowing with splendid music and apt language.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.907896041870117, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Clive Barnes wrote in the New York Times, \"Nothing could convince me that any show that has sold two-and-one-half million copies of its album before the opening night is anything like all bad. But I must also confess to experiencing some disappointment when Jesus Christ Superstar opened last night. It all rather resembled one�s first sight of the Empire State Building. Not at all uninteresting, but somewhat unsurprising and of minimal artistic value.\" He went on to criticize O�Horgan�s production: \"Once he startled us with small things, now he startles us with big things. This time, the things got too big. For me, the real disappointment came not in the music, but in the conception. There is a coyness in its contemporaneity, a sneaky pleasure in the boldness of its anachronisms, a special undefined air of smugness in its daring.\" In The Daily News, Robert Crane interviewed people after seeing Superstar, and one Catholic housewife from Queens said, \"My heart is beating, I am moved more than I am by a sermon in church, It enlightens the scriptures for me.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.510883331298828, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "As it often does, life imitated art with Superstar, with the leads and the writers thrust unexpectedly into superstar status themselves, actually living (in a small way) the struggles Jesus deals with in the show. Rice said in one interview, \"It�s all a bit incredible. I has all gotten a bit out of hand � the orgy, the Superstar buttons and pocket calendars, the pickets, the T-shirts, the pirated concert versions touring around purporting to be the real Superstar�\" Yvonne Elliman (Mary) tells a story in the book Rock Opera about a young girl who came backstage to ask \"if I would come visit a friend of hers in the hospital. She just wanted me to go and touch her.\" Jeff Fenholt (Jesus) would get letters from women considering becoming nuns, wanting his advice, as well as letters asking for miracle cures, from women asking him to find their lost husbands. He got one letter that said it was from \"the real Judas.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.234124183654785, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar ran on Broadway for 720 performances. Ben Vereen as Judas was nominated for a Tony Award, and nominations were had for best score, scenic design, costumes, and lighting (all lost to Follies). Superstar won nothing. The show did not receive nominations for best musical or best director, though three of the four nominees for best musical were rock shows (Two Gentlemen of Verona, Grease, and Ain�t Supposed to Die a Natural Death). In London, the show was staged more simply and more honestly by Jim Sharman, who would soon be helping to birth The Rocky Horror Show. It opened in London in 1972 and ran for eight years and 3,358 performances, breaking all West End records. Soon it was playing in Australia, Germany, France, Scandinavia, Japan, Brazil, Mexico, Spain, and other countries. In 1972, producer Robert Stigwood opened an outdoor production of the show in Hollywood starring the understudies from the Broadway production, Ted Neely and Carl Anderson � both of whom would go on to star in the film.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.230666637420654, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Today many people don't like Lloyd Webber's work, but the composer of Superstar is a different Lloyd Webber from the one who wrote Phantom of the Opera. When he began his career thirty years ago, he wrote in the rock and roll idiom, a musical language he knew and loved. No one can deny that he can still write a breathtaking melody, but his harmonic vocabulary is limited. Consequently, he excelled in the relatively simple, repetitive language of rock and roll with Superstar, but when he tries today to write in a more classical, more sophisticated style, his limitations show through. What seems driving and primal in Superstar sounds merely repetitious in the classical European sound of Phantom or the pseudo-jazz style of Sunset Boulevard. His writing ability hasn't diminished, but when he changed styles, our expectations changed as well, and he couldn't meet them. His critics believe that, unlike other theatre writers, Lloyd Webber has not grown as a composer over time. Luckily, we can still enjoy Jesus Christ Superstar and Evita, both set on the cynical, literate, and provocative lyrics of Tim Rice.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.548081159591675, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "That central relationship shows us a mammoth tug-of-war between pragmatism, represented by Judas, and ideas, represented by Jesus. Each of them is missing what the other has. Judas finds himself constantly frustrated and confused by Jesus' refusal to look at the practical side of their situation, as verbalized in \"Heaven On Their Minds,\" \"Superstar,\" and the fragment of \"Superstar\" at the end of the Last Supper. They fight because they both care passionately about the cause and about each other. There are three main arguments that break out between them, during \"Strange Thing Mystifying,\" \"Everything's Alright,\" and at the Last Supper � the second two set to the same music. Judas acts as a kind of business agent and PR man, concerned over the political message they're sending out, at the perceived inconsistencies in Jesus' teachings, and the money wasted on Mary's ointments and oils. He believes in Jesus' philosophy, in his ability to lead, but not in his methods and his choices.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.02423095703125, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "The lyric to the chorus of the title song originally just repeated \"Jesus Christ\" every time the melody repeated. But before recording it, Tim Rice wanted to give the lyric some variety. The word superstar was just beginning to be widely used, mostly to refer to rock and pop stars. Rice changed the second repeat of the chorus to include the word superstar because that's what Christ was, a superstar of his time, widely popular, complete with his own groupies who cared more about his star status then about his message. He was thronged when he went out in public, and like many rock stars today, he was considered dangerous and corrupting by the establishment. Jesus had a new message for the people, and they embraced it (for a while, at least). Despite his intentions to the contrary, he became a controversial political figure as well as a spiritual leader. The songs \"Hosanna\" and \"Simon Zealotes\" point out to Jesus the tens of thousands of followers who are hanging on his every word. Simon wants Jesus to use his power to bring about a rebellion against Rome; but Jesus doesn't want to be a political figure.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.5423829555511475, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Other central characters in the story are never fully drawn in the Bible, but Rice had to thoroughly characterize them in the musical in order for us to understand them and their relationship to Jesus and Judas. Because secondary characters get very little \"dialogue\" in the Bible, those questions aren't really answered; but in Superstar, we see Mary as a complete, living person. She just wants to comfort Jesus and help him relax; the only way she knows how to do that is by soothing him physically. She bathes him in ointments and oils, rubs his feet, massages his head and shoulders. There was a reason so many women traveled with Jesus, that we don�t always understand today. At that time, women had virtually no rights, were not allowed to interact with men in most situations, could not discuss the events of the day, offer opinions; women didn�t matter. But Jesus is different from other men. He and his followers treated women as nearly full equals � they ate together, discussed politics together, his women disciples performed their poetry at feasts, and in the most radical departure from the norm, the women were welcomed alongside men as serious students worthy of an education. No wonder so many women found themselves amongst Jesus� closest followers, and no wonder there were always several rich women around to finance the movement. This was a movement worth financing.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.392564296722412, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "On a personal level, Jesus treats Mary with real respect, with genuine love, something almost unheard of. He appreciates her efforts. As she sings in \"I Don't Know How to Love Him,\" this throws her completely. How does she respond to his treatment of her? Her first impulse is to return that affection physically, but she knows that's not appropriate. She doesn't know how to express love without physical forms of affection; she literally does not know how to love this man. Judas hates her because he sees Mary and her relationship with Jesus as a PR liability. He also seems at times to be jealous of her. He is a man full of frustration, and one of the ways that anger manifests itself is in jealousy against the one other person to whom Jesus is that close. Mary cares about the movement but she cares about Jesus more; in contrast, Judas cares very much about his friend Jesus, but he cares about the movement more. At least in the world of Superstar, Judas and Mary dance a spiritual, emotional tug-of-war over Jesus throughout the entire story.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.347564697265625, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "As in many musicals, the crowd � �the friendly villagers\" � is a character in and of itself. In almost all musicals (for example, Brigadoon, The Music Man, Carousel, Sweeney Todd, Rocky Horror, Bat Boy, Hair.), the protagonist must either learn to assimilate himself into the crowd/townspeople or be removed from the community. In Brigadoon, Tommy assimilates. So does Harold Hill in The Music Man. In Carousel, Billy can't so he dies. Neither Sweeney nor Frank N. Furter can, so they both die. In Superstar, Jesus can't assimilate, can't join the mainstream, so he must be removed � by capital punishment. Judas must be removed as well. But there are two sets of \"friendly villagers\" in this story � the apostles and the Jews at large. The apostles are a motley crew, uneducated, unskilled laborers, so average of intelligence that Jesus had to create all those farming parables to communicate complex ideas. These were common men and women. (And yes, Jesus did have women apostles and he had a lot more than twelve.) But the larger group of \"friendly villagers,\" the Jewish mob, becomes one of the antagonists, actively demanding Jesus� death. The crowd begins the show as Jesus' followers (singing \"Hosanna\"), a group whose loyalty the priests don't want to lose. The crowd is in the middle of a tug-of-war between the priests and Jesus. They ask Jesus to be healed, to be cured, to be fed; yet once the priests have condemned him as a blasphemer, the crowd turns on Jesus and demands Pilate crucify him. As it still does today, public opinion can swing quickly and unexpectedly from one extreme to the other. A contemporary example would be the American public who in 1992 ousted a Republican president in favor of a Democrat, then in 1994 gave control of Congress to the Republicans. And now a reversal of that may be coming in 2006. The loyalties of the masses can change with the wind and this phenomenon was just as dangerous and unpredictable then as it is now. The change of the crowd's position is seen through a series of songs: \"Hosanna\" and \"Simon Zealotes\" (all devout followers), \"The Temple\" (the moneylenders opposing him and the sick asking for healing), \"The Arrest\" (the people turning fickle, taunting him), \"Pilate and Christ\" (turning against him), and finally \"Trial by Pilate\" (demanding his death).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.112199783325195, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "The music of Superstar is relatively conventional both harmonically and melodically, but there is still a richness of melody there, with obvious roots in Puccini, Bill Haley, Richard Rodgers, even some Leonard Bernstein; and there�s also the cockiness of youth in both the music and lyrics. Rice and Lloyd Webber could not have written this show when they were forty. This material had to have the tang of youthful arrogance and rebellion to give voice to the radical, young activists Jesus and Judas. There is nothing in the score too complicated, nothing that requires much of the listener, but the music holds our interest nonetheless. Lloyd Webber doesn't use literal reprises � repeated songs with the same or similar lyrics � except for a couple of fragments in Act II. Instead, he re-uses music with entirely new lyrics (a device known as contrafactum). This works in much the same way as reprises, connecting characters or events by giving them the same music. He doesn't really develop musical themes or motifs, choosing instead to repeat them exactly or almost exactly. Though it's not as sophisticated as other theatre scores, his use of contrafactum is interesting, and in most cases, dramatically motivated. This would not be the case with any of his scores after Evita.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.5702532529830933, "source": "search", "title": "Inside JC Superstar by Scott Miller - New Line Theatre" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar – About The Show", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.847367286682129, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar – About The Show" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Andrew Lloyd Webber is the composer of some of the world’s best-known musicals including Cats, Evita, Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, Jesus Christ Superstar, The Phantom of the Opera and Sunset Boulevard. His latest musical, the hit stage version of the movie “School of Rock”, opened on Broadway in December 2015.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.5316386222839355, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar – About The Show" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar (2000)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.628746032714844, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar – About The Show" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "A bold and fresh adaptation of the classic Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice rock opera, this version released in 2000 re-orchestrates and reinterprets the 1970s version, itself a creative retelling of a celebrated, timeless tale. Shot at Pinewood Studios,this filmed stage version starring Glenn Carter and Rik Mayall captures one of the best scores Andrew Lloyd Webber has ever written and is packed with hit songs including “I Don’t Know How to Love Him”, “Gethesmane” and “Superstar”.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.115384101867676, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar – About The Show" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "The catalogue includes family favourites such as Cats, The Phantom of the Opera, Jesus Christ Superstar, Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, Evita, Starlight Express and more.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.502095222473145, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar – About The Show" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "(Photo: Guildford School of Acting’s production of Jesus Christ Superstar)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.470196723937988, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar – About The Show" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar (1970) full cd - YouTube", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.707551956176758, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar (1970) full cd - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar (1970) full cd", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.113591194152832, "source": "search", "title": "Jesus Christ Superstar (1970) full cd - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Upset Tim Rice Calls Andrew Lloyd Webber's Superstar TV Talent Hunt 'Tacky' | Broadway Buzz | Broadway.com", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.031184196472168, "source": "search", "title": "Upset Tim Rice Calls Andrew Lloyd Webber's Superstar TV ..." }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Upset Tim Rice Calls Andrew Lloyd Webber's Superstar TV Talent Hunt 'Tacky'", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.948882579803467, "source": "search", "title": "Upset Tim Rice Calls Andrew Lloyd Webber's Superstar TV ..." }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Superstar will be Webber’s fifth foray into the reality casting world. He has previously found stars for West End productions of The Sound of Music, Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, Oliver! and The Wizard of Oz. While Rice is “fully behind an arena show,” he objects to using the reality show casting vehicle for this musical in particular. \"Andrew wants to rehash things all the time, but I really don’t think Superstar needs that tasteless reality television treatment,” he said. “Those shows are relentlessly downmarket, which is fine if the show is a lightweight bit of fluff.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.5917887687683105, "source": "search", "title": "Upset Tim Rice Calls Andrew Lloyd Webber's Superstar TV ..." }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "A separate production of Jesus Christ Superstar arrives at Broadway's Neil Simon Theatre on March 1, starring Paul Nolan as the title messiah.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.533792495727539, "source": "search", "title": "Upset Tim Rice Calls Andrew Lloyd Webber's Superstar TV ..." }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Andrew Lloyd Webber interview: the second coming of Jesus Christ Superstar - Telegraph", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.7937606573104858, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber interview: the second coming of Jesus ..." }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "The ground–breaking rock musical Jesus Chris Superstar is back on the road, in a production that its composer Andrew Lloyd Webber loves and with a cast that includes comedian Tim Minchin. They both talk to Sarah Crompton", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.6792774200439453, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber interview: the second coming of Jesus ..." }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Mutual admiration: Tim Minchin, who is playing Judas in Jesus Christ Superstar, with Andrew Lloyd Webber  Photo: Martin Pope", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.13313445448875427, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber interview: the second coming of Jesus ..." }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "One sunny day last week, a group of very excited people were crammed together in a darkened room. They were the band and full cast of a new production of Jesus Christ Superstar – and this would be the first time that they had performed together.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.731369972229004, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber interview: the second coming of Jesus ..." }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "The cast are a varied bunch: Minchin, a musician and comedian, is Judas; Melanie Chisholm, better known as Spice Girl Mel C, plays Mary Magdalene; Ben Forster, cast from Lloyd Webber's own Superstar television show is Jesus; the musical theatre star Alex Hanson is Pilate; and King Herod will be played by the DJ Chris Moyles.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.957085609436035, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber interview: the second coming of Jesus ..." }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Each leans into the music, giving it their all. By the time the entire company come to perform the famous Superstar chorus, the show has been brought to fierce life, no longer a dusty period piece from 1970, but a rock musical that still sounds unique. Lloyd Webber stands up, slowly. \"You know,\" he says, \"I think that is the best I have ever heard Jesus Christ Superstar sung.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.6753118634223938, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber interview: the second coming of Jesus ..." }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "It is in full evidence when we sit down to lunch with Minchin, wild–haired and voluble, to discuss this production, which will play in arenas around the country, beginning at the O2 next Friday. \"The funny thing is that Jesus Christ Superstar as it was this morning is what we actually intended it to be,\" Lloyd Webber says, beaming. \"When it is done in a conventional proscenium theatre production it feels shoe–horned in. That is why I wanted to do this.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.6237964630126953, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber interview: the second coming of Jesus ..." }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Minchin first saw Lloyd Webber's Starlight Express as a child and, he says, it \"changed my life\". Growing up in Perth, Australia, he and his siblings learnt the songs from Starlight and Jesus Christ Superstar. Superstar, he says simply, is his \"favourite piece of musical theatre of all time\". \"I'd love to have written Jesus Christ Superstar but it is still beyond me,\" he adds. \"I am a lyricist first. I can't read music.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.168708324432373, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber interview: the second coming of Jesus ..." }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Lloyd Webber acknowledges Superstar's debt to Rice's lyrics, as prescient as they are smart. Combined with Lloyd Webber's adventurous compositions they combine to give the show its ability to be simultaneously satirical and moving. \"We wrote it really quickly,\" Lloyd Webber says. \"Today one will agonise over hundreds of choices. Back then I was thinking, great, I can use an orchestra here or – with Everything's Alright – is it possible to write a successful ballad in 5/4 time? A lot of things were experiments.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.1916677951812744, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber interview: the second coming of Jesus ..." }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar: the Arena Tour begins at the O2, London SE10, tomorrow. Details: jesuschristsuperstar.com", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.578315734863281, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber interview: the second coming of Jesus ..." }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Stars align for the biggest US arena tour of Jesus Christ Superstar", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.323234558105469, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Brandon Boyd, JC Chasez, Michelle Williams, John (Rotten) Lydon and Ben Forster take Jesus Christ Superstar on the biggest North American arena tour kicking off in New Orleans on 9th June and then visiting more than 50 cities across the US.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.113184928894043, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar announce 2013 Australian tour", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.328365325927734, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "The Really Useful Group and Frontier Touring proudly announce that the new arena production of Jesus Christ Superstar will tour Australia in 2013. The production will begin its tour of the continent in Perth on 31 May.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.858769416809082, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Tickets for the second Jesus Christ Superstar LIVE UK Arena Tour go on sale.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.03646469116211, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "The spectacular show returns to the UK in October 2013 by popular demand and will feature the same stellar cast as before: award-winning Tim Minchin (Judas Iscariot), Melanie C (Mary Magdalene), Chris Moyles (King Herod) and winner of ITV's Superstar, Ben Forster (Jesus).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.189983367919922, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar LIVE Arena Tour DVD/Blu-Ray released!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.7393798828125, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Andrew joins the Jesus Christ Superstar Arena Tour cast on stage at the M.E.N.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.167120933532715, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "View photos of Andrew on stage with the cast of Jesus Christ Superstar in Manchester", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.238574981689453, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Extra dates added to Jesus Christ Superstar UK Tour due to overwhelming demand", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.43485164642334, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "tch the official trailer for ITV's Superstar", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.556204795837402, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "The official trailer for Superstar is released", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.592607498168945, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Second Jesus Christ Superstar UK Arena Tour date added at The O2, London, due to phenomenal demand", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.261499404907227, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Andrew Lloyd Webber welcomes his live show judging panel for Superstar", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.547295570373535, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar UK Arena Tour", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.050644874572754, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Stars align for first ever UK Arena Tour of Jesus Christ Superstar, tickets onsale Friday 18th May.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.549705505371094, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Evita and Jesus Christ Superstar Tony nominations", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.011239051818848, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Broadway revivals of Evita and Jesus Christ Superstar nominated in Tony Awards.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.96612548828125, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Andrew announces casting panel for ITV1 Superstar", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.534297943115234, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Andrew Lloyd Webber invites Melanie C and Jason Donovan to assist him on Superstar", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.82712459564209, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "ITV1 and Andrew Lloyd Webber today announce ‘Superstar’", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.198004722595215, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "ITV1 and Andrew Lloyd Webber today announce Superstar – a brand new show that will give the British public the chance to choose the country’s next major rock star.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.878917694091797, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar celebrates 40 years!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.111001968383789, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar marks a significant production milestone", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.62849235534668, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar on Broadway", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.612272262573242, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar to move to La Jolla Playhouse", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.920473098754883, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Stratford Shakespeare Festival's production of Jesus Christ Superstar, directed by Des McAnuff, will move on to play the La Jolla Playhouse in San Diego, California, later this year.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.308457374572754, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "On 4th November, BBC 2's The Culture Show features an exclusive interview with Andrew and Tim Rice to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the Jesus Christ Superstar concept album.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.000067949295044, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "The 25th Anniversary production of Jesus Christ Superstar", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.973175048828125, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar Opens in London", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.661598205566406, "source": "search", "title": "Shows | Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Sir Tim Rice -- Jesus Christ Superstar", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.07586145401001, "source": "search", "title": "Sir Tim Rice -- Jesus Christ Superstar" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "Jesus Christ Superstar", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.634854316711426, "source": "search", "title": "Sir Tim Rice -- Jesus Christ Superstar" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "As no one was willing to back their idea as a stage show, Tim and Andrew produced a concept album of the project with MCA in 1970. Prior to the double album's release, the single \"Superstar\", sung by Murray Head, was released near the end of 1969.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.154942512512207, "source": "search", "title": "Sir Tim Rice -- Jesus Christ Superstar" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "The success of the concept album created a huge demand for a Broadway production. Jesus Christ Superstar opened on Broadway in 1971 with Ben Vereen as Judas and Yvonne Elliman reprising her role from the concept album as Mary. The U.K. production premiered the following year with Paul Nicholas in the title role.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.021011352539062, "source": "search", "title": "Sir Tim Rice -- Jesus Christ Superstar" }, { "answer": "Superstar", "passage": "The songs \"Superstar\" and \"I Don't Know How To Love Him\" have topped the charts in various countries, and Jesus Christ Superstar has twice been made into a film as well as having playing around the world.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.680547714233398, "source": "search", "title": "Sir Tim Rice -- Jesus Christ Superstar" } ]

[ { "answer": "A Chorus Line", "passage": "On Sept. 29, 1983, A Chorus Line became the longest running show in Broadway history. (It has since been surpassed by Les Misèrables, Cats, and Phantom of the Opera). For the record-breaking performance, director Michael Bennett assembled over 300 current and former cast members and created an unforgettable evening of theatre, where the actors from various companies of the show tag-teamed the entire performance, starting with the then-current cast in the opening number. The original cast (minus Pam Blair) stepped in for the \"names\" section, several Cassies joined Donna McKecknie for the Cassie dance, there were numerous Pauls for the Paul monologue, the \"alternative scene\" (\"What would you do if you couldn't dance any more?\") was performed in multiple languages representing the many international companies of the show, and the evening concluded in this incredible finale, with hundreds of Chorus Line alums filling the Shubert Theatre with \"One\" amazing singular sensation. (The stage had to be reinforced to support them all.)", "precise_score": 7.7930803298950195, "rough_score": 8.522003173828125, "source": "search", "title": "A Chorus Line - Broadway 3,389th performance finale - YouTube" }, { "answer": "A Chorus Line", "passage": "In the 1970s and 1980s, Broadway continued to capture headlines and hearts. In 1975, Michael Bennett’s musical masterpiece A Chorus Line dominated Broadway with a Pulitzer Prize and nine Tony awards. Cats opened at the Winter Garden Theatre in 1982, beginning its course as the second longest- running show in Broadway history. Andrew Lloyd Webber’s The Phantom of the Opera currently holds the title of longest-running show.", "precise_score": 8.158148765563965, "rough_score": 8.441650390625, "source": "search", "title": "History of Broadway - Welcome to NYC.gov | City of New York" }, { "answer": "A Chorus Line", "passage": "West Side Story (1957), The Fantasticks (1960), Hair (1967), A Chorus Line (1975), Les Misérables (1985), The Phantom of the Opera (1986), Rent (1996), The Producers (2001), Wicked (2003) and Hamilton (2015).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.523897171020508, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "A Chorus Line", "passage": "In 1975, the dance musical A Chorus Line emerged from recorded group therapy-style sessions Michael Bennett conducted with \"gypsies\" – those who sing and dance in support of the leading players – from the Broadway community. From hundreds of hours of tapes, James Kirkwood, Jr. and Nick Dante fashioned a book about an audition for a musical, incorporating many real-life stories from the sessions; some who attended the sessions eventually played variations of themselves or each other in the show. With music by Marvin Hamlisch and lyrics by Edward Kleban, A Chorus Line first opened at Joseph Papp's Public Theater in lower Manhattan. What initially had been planned as a limited engagement eventually moved to the Shubert Theatre on Broadway for a run of 6,137 performances, becoming the longest-running production in Broadway history up to that time. The show swept the Tony Awards and won the Pulitzer Prize, and its hit song, What I Did for Love, became an instant standard.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.394133567810059, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "A Chorus Line", "passage": "In the new century, familiarity has been embraced by producers and investors anxious to guarantee that they recoup their considerable investments, if not show a healthy profit. Some took (usually modest-budget) chances on the new and unusual, such as Urinetown (2001), Avenue Q (2003), Caroline or Change (2004), The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee (2005), The Light in the Piazza (2005), Spring Awakening (2006), In the Heights (2007), Next to Normal (2009) and American Idiot (2010). But most took a safe route with revivals of familiar fare, such as Fiddler on the Roof, A Chorus Line, South Pacific, Gypsy, Hair, West Side Story and Grease, or with other proven material, such as films (The Producers, Spamalot, Hairspray, Legally Blonde, The Color Purple, Xanadu, Billy Elliot and Shrek) or well-known literature (The Scarlet Pimpernel and Wicked) hoping that the shows would have a built-in audience as a result. Some critics consider the reuse of film plots, especially those from Disney (such as Mary Poppins, and The Little Mermaid) a redefinition of the Broadway and West End musical as a tourist attraction, rather than a creative outlet.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.5861287117004395, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "A Chorus Line", "passage": "Also among the top 12 longest running Broadway shows are The Lion King (currently playing at the Minskoff Theatre), A Chorus Line (1975-1990), Beauty and the Beast (1994-2007), Rent (1996-2008), Mamma Mia! (currently playing at the Broadhurst Theatre), Oh, Calcutta! (1976-1989), Wicked (currently playing at the Gershwin Theatre) and Miss Saigon (1991-2001).  The next longest-running Broadway show that is still playing is Jersey Boys, which opened on Broadway in 2005 at the August Wilson Theatre.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 7.440010070800781, "source": "search", "title": "What are the Longest Running Broadway Shows ? | Broadway" }, { "answer": "A Chorus Line", "passage": "A Chorus Line Edward Kleban, Nicholas Dante, Marvin Hamlisch Opened on July 25, 1975. Closed on April 28, 1990. Featured 6137 performances.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.0435872077941895, "source": "search", "title": "Most Popular Broadway Musicals | List of Longest Running ..." }, { "answer": "A Chorus Line", "passage": "A Chorus Line - Broadway 3,389th performance finale - YouTube", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.4684736728668213, "source": "search", "title": "A Chorus Line - Broadway 3,389th performance finale - YouTube" }, { "answer": "A Chorus Line", "passage": "A Chorus Line - Broadway 3,389th performance finale", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.6267342567443848, "source": "search", "title": "A Chorus Line - Broadway 3,389th performance finale - YouTube" } ]

[ { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Sunset Boulevard (stylized onscreen as SUNSET BLVD.) is a 1950 American black comedy/drama film noir directed and co-written by Billy Wilder, and produced and co-written by Charles Brackett. It was named after the boulevard that runs through Los Angeles and Beverly Hills, California.", "precise_score": 5.1169610023498535, "rough_score": 1.5186134576797485, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Praised by many critics when first released, Sunset Boulevard was nominated for eleven Academy Awards (including nominations in all four acting categories) and won three. It is widely accepted as a classic, often cited as one of the greatest films of American cinema. Deemed \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\" by the U.S. Library of Congress in 1989, Sunset Boulevard was included in the first group of films selected for preservation in the National Film Registry. In 1998, it was ranked number twelve on the American Film Institute's list of the 100 best American films of the 20th century, and in 2007 it was 16th on their 10th Anniversary list.", "precise_score": 1.0021908283233643, "rough_score": -1.959307074546814, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "At a Sunset Boulevard mansion, the body of Joe Gillis floats in the swimming pool. In a flashback, Joe relates the events leading to his death.", "precise_score": -3.9315483570098877, "rough_score": -4.48442268371582, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The street known as Sunset Boulevard has been associated with Hollywood film production since 1911, when the town's first film studio opened there. The film workers lived modestly in the growing neighborhood, but during the 1920s profits and salaries rose to unprecedented levels. With the advent of the star system, luxurious homes noted for their often incongruous grandeur were built in the area. The stars were the subject of public fascination throughout the world as magazines and newspapers reported the excesses of their lives.", "precise_score": 1.2354567050933838, "rough_score": -1.488539457321167, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Film writer Richard Corliss describes Sunset Boulevard as \"the definitive Hollywood horror movie\", noting that almost everything in the script is \"ghoulish\". He remarks that the story is narrated by a dead man whom Norma Desmond first mistakes for an undertaker, while most of the film takes place \"in an old, dark house that only opens its doors to the living dead\". He compares Von Stroheim's character Max with Erik of The Phantom of the Opera, and Norma Desmond with Dracula, noting that, as she seduces Joe Gillis, the camera tactfully withdraws with \"the traditional directorial attitude taken towards Dracula's jugular seductions\". He writes that the narrative contains an excess of \"cheap sarcasm\", but ultimately congratulates the writers for attributing this dialogue to Joe Gillis, who was in any case presented as little more than a hack writer. ", "precise_score": -2.1096978187561035, "rough_score": -5.898445129394531, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "According to Wilder, he asked George Cukor for advice, and he suggested Swanson, one of the most feted actresses of the silent-screen era, known for her beauty, talent and extravagant lifestyle. At the peak of her career in 1925, she was said to have received 10,000 fan letters in a single week, and from 1920 until the early 1930s she lived on Sunset Boulevard in an elaborate Italianate palace. In many ways she resembled the Norma Desmond character and, like her, had been unable to make a smooth transition into talking pictures. The similarities ended there. Swanson accepted the end of her film career and in the early 1930s moved to New York City, where she worked in radio and, from the mid-1940s, in television and on the New York stage. Though Swanson was not seeking a comeback, she was intrigued when Wilder discussed the role with her.", "precise_score": -3.497850179672241, "rough_score": -7.3297200202941895, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Film historian Tom Stempel writes, \"In both Double Indemnity and Sunset Boulevard, Seitz does something that has always impressed me. Both are films noir, and he finesses the fact that both are set in the sunniest of locales, Los Angeles... he brings together the light and the dark in the same film without any seams showing... he brings together the realistic lighting of Joe Gillis out in the real world with the gothic look of Norma Desmond's mansion. Again with no seams showing.\"", "precise_score": -0.6700763702392578, "rough_score": -7.88430643081665, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Sunset Boulevard had its official world premiere at Radio City Music Hall on August 10, 1950. After a seven-week run, Variety magazine reported the film had grossed \"around $1,020,000\", making it one of that theater's most successful pictures. Variety also noted that, while it was \"breaking records in major cities, it is doing below average in ... the sticks.\" To promote the film, Gloria Swanson traveled by train throughout the United States, visiting 33 cities in a few months. The publicity helped attract people to the cinemas, but in many provincial areas it was considered less than a hit.", "precise_score": 6.402374267578125, "rough_score": 5.030421257019043, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Sunset Boulevard attracted a range of positive reviews from critics. Time described it as a story of \"Hollywood at its worst told by Hollywood at its best\", while Boxoffice Review wrote \"the picture will keep spectators spellbound.\" James Agee, writing for Sight and Sound, praised the film and said Wilder and Brackett were \"beautifully equipped to do the cold, exact, adroit, sardonic job they have done.\" Good Housekeeping described Swanson as a \"great lady [who] spans another decade with her magic,\" while Look praised her \"brilliant and haunting performance.\"", "precise_score": -0.8141524195671082, "rough_score": -6.673229694366455, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Of the various films that have attracted nominations in all four acting categories, Sunset Boulevard is one of only three not to win in any category, the others being My Man Godfrey (1936) and American Hustle (2013). Its eleven Oscar nominations were exceeded only by the fourteen received by All About Eve, which won six awards, including Best Picture and Best Director. Many critics predicted that the Best Actress award would be given to Gloria Swanson or Bette Davis for All About Eve and were surprised that the recipient was newcomer Judy Holliday for Born Yesterday. Swanson recalled the press's reaction following Holliday's win: \"It slowly dawned on me that they were asking for a larger-than-life scene, or better still, a mad scene. More accurately, they were trying to flush out Norma Desmond.\"", "precise_score": -1.5168262720108032, "rough_score": -3.63368821144104, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Sunset Boulevard also received Golden Globe awards for Best Motion Picture – Drama, Best Motion Picture Actress (Swanson), Best Motion Picture Director and Best Motion Picture Score. Wilder and Brackett won a Writers Guild of America, East Award for Best Written American Drama, while the Directors Guild of America nominated Wilder for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures. The National Board of Review voted it Best Picture, and Swanson received Best Actress.", "precise_score": -0.9978691935539246, "rough_score": -2.012718677520752, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Sunset Boulevard was the last collaboration between Wilder and Brackett. They parted amicably and respected their long-term partnership by not airing any grievance publicly. Their mutual respect and courteous integrity remained in force throughout the rest of their lives. In later years, Brackett confided in screenwriter/director Garson Kanin that he had not anticipated the split, or had ever understood exactly what happened or why. He described it as \"an unexpected blow\" from which he never recovered fully. When asked to respond to Brackett's comments, Wilder remained silent. ", "precise_score": -5.326751232147217, "rough_score": -6.278354167938232, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "The two men briefly reunited in October 1951 to face charges that they had plagiarized Sunset Boulevard. Former Paramount accountant Stephanie Joan Carlson alleged that in 1947 she had submitted to Wilder and Brackett, at their request, manuscripts of stories, both fictional and based on fact, she had written about studio life. She claimed that one in particular, Past Performance, served as the basis for the Sunset script, and sued the screenwriters and Paramount for $100,000 in general damages, $250,000 in punitive damages, $700,000 based on the box office returns, and an additional $350,000 for good measure, for a total of $1,400,000. Carlson's suit was dismissed after two and a half years. In 1954, a similar suit was filed by playwright Edra Buckler, who claimed material she had written had been the screenplay's source. Her suit was dismissed the following year. ", "precise_score": -3.9905617237091064, "rough_score": -7.644776821136475, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Similarly, Gloria Swanson was not able to leverage her own success in Sunset Boulevard. Although offered scripts, she felt that they all were poor imitations of Norma Desmond. Imagining a career that would eventually reduce her to playing \"a parody of a parody,\" she virtually retired from films.", "precise_score": -3.55566668510437, "rough_score": -7.815365791320801, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "By the late 1990s, most Sunset Boulevard prints were in poor condition, and since the film was one of the last to be filmed on cellulose nitrate filmstock, much of the original negative had perished. Paramount Studios, believing the film merited the effort of a complete restoration, mounted an expensive project to have it digitally restored. The restored version was released on DVD in 2002. The film was released on Blu-ray in 2012. A 2003 BBC review of the restored film described it as \"the finest movie ever made about the narcissistic hellhole that is Hollywood.\"", "precise_score": -1.8854551315307617, "rough_score": -5.196470737457275, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Films that discuss Sunset Boulevard in their screenplays or pay homage in scenes or dialogue are Soapdish (1991), The Player (1992), Gods and Monsters (1998), Mulholland Drive (2001), Inland Empire (2006) and Be Cool (2005). The ending of Cecil B. Demented (2000) is a parody of Sunset Boulevard's final scene.", "precise_score": -1.2929167747497559, "rough_score": -3.1436314582824707, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Sunset Boulevard was adapted into a musical with a book written by Don Black and Christopher Hampton, and music and lyrics by Andrew Lloyd Webber. It reached Broadway in 1994, with Glenn Close playing Norma Desmond. The production staged 17 previews beginning November 1, 1994, and played 977 performances at the Minskoff Theatre from November 17, 1994 through March 22, 1997.", "precise_score": 2.115842580795288, "rough_score": 2.3541197776794434, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "A musical titled Sunset Boulevard with music by Andrew Lloyd Webber and book and lyrics by Don Black and Christopher Hampton was performed at the 1992 Sydmonton Festival, before opening in London the following year. It closely followed the film story, retained much of the dialogue and attempted to present similar set designs.", "precise_score": 0.88142991065979, "rough_score": -3.859276294708252, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Sunset Boulevard was dramatized as an hour-long radio play on the September 17, 1951 broadcast of Lux Radio Theater with Gloria Swanson and William Holden in their original film roles. ", "precise_score": 2.154935359954834, "rough_score": 0.7402081489562988, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Sunset Boulevard has had a spotty history onstage. Inspired by Billy Wilder’s eponymous 1950 film, Webber’s musical version went through a few false starts and rewrites before its London premiere in 1993 with book and lyrics by Don Black and Christopher Hampton. Both the film and the musical focus on the sadly fading career of legendary (but fictional) silent film star Norma Desmond, portrayed brilliantly by Florence Lacey in Signature’s production.", "precise_score": 2.176424741744995, "rough_score": -0.7746866345405579, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard - DC Theatre Scene" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "After its initial London success and a decent run on Broadway, Sunset Boulevard evolved into a continuing soap opera saga of misunderstandings and lawsuits in later productions, particularly in the United States. These, combined with the lavish, costly sets required by the show regularly kept the it from turning a profit. At least partly as a result, performances over the years gradually became much less frequent.", "precise_score": 1.0749505758285522, "rough_score": -4.033100605010986, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard - DC Theatre Scene" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "But now we arrive in Arlington, 2010. In what this critic regards as a dynamic masterstroke of fiscal and artistic creativity, the Signature Theatre brain trust chose to mount the first Washington-area run of Sunset Boulevard by trimming its outlandish stage mechanics to the minimum necessary to sustain the central metaphor of Norma’s decaying Hollywood mansion.", "precise_score": 3.193779706954956, "rough_score": -6.2073235511779785, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard - DC Theatre Scene" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "This is not to imply that Signature’s re-imagination of Sunset Boulevard looks and feels cheap. Far from it. Before you even enter the theater proper, you travel through the small rear vestibule of the MAX space and find it littered with packing crates and stage props. As you find your seat, you notice the burlap-bagged counterweights hanging from the industrial ceiling inside, and the sliding corrugated metal doors to the rear and sides of the generous, uncluttered, and barely-elevated stage area. You suddenly realize that you’ve joined this production in medias res: you’re smack-dab in the middle of a late-1940s Hollywood soundstage (kudos to set designer Dan Conway) that’s devoid of props but ready for the directors, actors, and cameras to enter and for the magic to happen.", "precise_score": -2.404181957244873, "rough_score": -7.066640377044678, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard - DC Theatre Scene" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "True, Webber probably didn’t have this notion in mind when he created the musical. But in staging Sunset Boulevard much like a verismo opera for our own times, Signature has turned the show’s relatively thin and somewhat repetitious score into a virtue, using music to highlight the show’s tragic story rather than using the story as a vehicle to introduce hit after hit.", "precise_score": -3.647207736968994, "rough_score": -6.85654878616333, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard - DC Theatre Scene" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes", "precise_score": -3.8667240142822266, "rough_score": -5.180826663970947, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "The offstage saga of \"Sunset Boulevard\" continues. Separate letters to actress Faye Dunaway from the show's director and its producer are generating controversy, speculation and possible lawsuit fodder regarding Dunaway's abrupt firing and the show's closing in Los Angeles on June 26. Andrew Lloyd Webber, the show's composer and producer, and \"Sunset\" director Trevor Nunn have each written Dunaway detailing what led up to the two events.", "precise_score": 1.68913733959198, "rough_score": -3.4010982513427734, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "L.A.", "passage": "Who Will Replace Glenn Close in 'Sunset Boulevard'? : Theater: Producers are searching for 'a star' to be L.A.'s second Norma Desmond. Close's contract expires June 26. She will open on Broadway in November.", "precise_score": -4.363729953765869, "rough_score": -5.993566989898682, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "L.A.", "passage": "Now that it is official that Glenn Close, not Patti LuPone, will be Broadway's first Norma Desmond in \"Sunset Boulevard,\" a new guessing game can begin: Who will be L.A.'s second Norma Desmond? After numerous rumors and months of speculation, a spokesman for \"Sunset\" confirmed on Friday that Close will leave L.A.'s \"Sunset Boulevard\" when her contract expires on June 26. According to the current schedule, she won't open at the Minskoff Theater in New York until Nov. 17.", "precise_score": -1.4867444038391113, "rough_score": -5.623600959777832, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "A spokesman for Andrew Lloyd Webber sought to explain over the weekend the background on the composer-producer's actions leading up to last week's firing of actress Faye Dunaway from the Los Angeles production of \"Sunset Boulevard,\" an act Dunaway has termed \"capricious.\" Spokesman Peter Brown denied Dunaway's contention that Lloyd Webber had insisted that she sing the role in a higher range than her own.", "precise_score": -0.7190324664115906, "rough_score": -6.558637619018555, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "A spokesman for Andrew Lloyd Webber sought to explain over the weekend the background on the composer-producer's actions leading up to last week's firing of actress Faye Dunaway from the Los Angeles production of \"Sunset Boulevard,\" an act Dunaway has termed \"capricious.\" Spokesman Peter Brown denied Dunaway's contention that Lloyd Webber had insisted that she sing the role in a higher range than her own.", "precise_score": -0.7190324664115906, "rough_score": -6.558637619018555, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "After Andrew Lloyd Webber's announcement that he would close down his musical \"Sunset Boulevard\" rather than have Faye Dunaway take over the leading role, Sunday's two performances suddenly became the last chance to see the show in its U.S. premiere and in the city where it is set.", "precise_score": 4.480713844299316, "rough_score": 6.402833461761475, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "L.A.", "passage": "So the show doesn't always go on, after all. The sudden announcement Thursday that Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical \"Sunset Boulevard\" will close Sunday after Glenn Close's final performance leads inevitably to the question of why the dismissal of Faye Dunaway--the erstwhile-anointed replacement for Close--requires the entire production to shut down. Close and the rest of the L.A.", "precise_score": -2.3334133625030518, "rough_score": -6.7114763259887695, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "The offstage saga of \"Sunset Boulevard\" continues. Separate letters to actress Faye Dunaway from the show's director and its producer are generating controversy, speculation and possible lawsuit fodder regarding Dunaway's abrupt firing and the show's closing in Los Angeles on June 26. Andrew Lloyd Webber, the show's composer and producer, and \"Sunset\" director Trevor Nunn have each written Dunaway detailing what led up to the two events.", "precise_score": 1.68913733959198, "rough_score": -3.4010982513427734, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Faye Dunaway Blasts 'Capricious' Lloyd Webber : Theater: Would-be 'Sunset Boulevard' star questions her firing and the decision by the producer-composer to close musical Sunday.", "precise_score": -4.090439796447754, "rough_score": -6.435024738311768, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Calling Andrew Lloyd Webber's decision to close \"Sunset Boulevard\" Sunday \"yet another capricious act by a capricious man,\" actress Faye Dunaway spoke publicly Friday morning for the first time since learning that she would not take over the role of Norma Desmond in the Shubert Theatre production. Lloyd Webber officials fired her on Tuesday and announced the closing of the Los Angeles production Thursday, saying her singing was not up to the demands of the musical's lead role.", "precise_score": -2.5176236629486084, "rough_score": -3.8290936946868896, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Norma Dearest : Faye Dunaway became a star just as 'old Hollywood' was disappearing. With that perspective, who better to play Norma Desmond, the greatest star of them all? She's ready to risk the drive on 'Sunset Boulevard'", "precise_score": -4.525453090667725, "rough_score": -8.378157615661621, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "After Andrew Lloyd Webber's announcement that he would close down his musical \"Sunset Boulevard\" rather than have Faye Dunaway take over the leading role, Sunday's two performances suddenly became the last chance to see the show in its U.S. premiere and in the city where it is set.", "precise_score": 4.480713844299316, "rough_score": 6.402833461761475, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "L.A.", "passage": "So the show doesn't always go on, after all. The sudden announcement Thursday that Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical \"Sunset Boulevard\" will close Sunday after Glenn Close's final performance leads inevitably to the question of why the dismissal of Faye Dunaway--the erstwhile-anointed replacement for Close--requires the entire production to shut down. Close and the rest of the L.A.", "precise_score": -2.3334133625030518, "rough_score": -6.7114763259887695, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Faye Dunaway Blasts 'Capricious' Lloyd Webber : Theater: Would-be 'Sunset Boulevard' star questions her firing and the decision by the producer-composer to close musical Sunday.", "precise_score": -4.090439796447754, "rough_score": -6.435024738311768, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Calling Andrew Lloyd Webber's decision to close \"Sunset Boulevard\" Sunday \"yet another capricious act by a capricious man,\" actress Faye Dunaway spoke publicly Friday morning for the first time since learning that she would not take over the role of Norma Desmond in the Shubert Theatre production. Lloyd Webber officials fired her on Tuesday and announced the closing of the Los Angeles production Thursday, saying her singing was not up to the demands of the musical's lead role.", "precise_score": -2.5176236629486084, "rough_score": -3.8290936946868896, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "The producers of \"Sunset Boulevard,\" the mega-musical at the Shubert Theatre in Century City, abruptly announced Thursday that the show will close after Sunday's final appearance with Glenn Close in the lead role, leaving the theater dark and thousands of advance ticket-holders disappointed. Faye Dunaway was scheduled to begin preview performances July 5.", "precise_score": 3.467589855194092, "rough_score": 3.578543186187744, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Norma Dearest : Faye Dunaway became a star just as 'old Hollywood' was disappearing. With that perspective, who better to play Norma Desmond, the greatest star of them all? She's ready to risk the drive on 'Sunset Boulevard'", "precise_score": -4.525453090667725, "rough_score": -8.378157615661621, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "L.A.", "passage": "Who Will Replace Glenn Close in 'Sunset Boulevard'? : Theater: Producers are searching for 'a star' to be L.A.'s second Norma Desmond. Close's contract expires June 26. She will open on Broadway in November.", "precise_score": -4.363729953765869, "rough_score": -5.993566989898682, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "L.A.", "passage": "Now that it is official that Glenn Close, not Patti LuPone, will be Broadway's first Norma Desmond in \"Sunset Boulevard,\" a new guessing game can begin: Who will be L.A.'s second Norma Desmond? After numerous rumors and months of speculation, a spokesman for \"Sunset\" confirmed on Friday that Close will leave L.A.'s \"Sunset Boulevard\" when her contract expires on June 26. According to the current schedule, she won't open at the Minskoff Theater in New York until Nov. 17.", "precise_score": -1.4867444038391113, "rough_score": -5.623600959777832, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "South Coast Repertory and \"Sunset Boulevard\" will take home the most awards--although not the most prominent ones--from the Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle awards ceremony next month, it was announced Monday. South Coast captured seven of the competitive awards--more than any other single producer. The five for \"Sunset Boulevard,\" including one for star Glenn Close, surpasses the number of awards for any other single production.", "precise_score": 0.008535333909094334, "rough_score": -3.579967498779297, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "A business and residential district in the city of Los Angeles , the core of Hollywood for a tourist is its three fascinating boulevards: Sunset Boulevard, Hollywood Boulevard, and Melrose Avenue. All three are worth seeing. Hollywood Blvd. is known for its entertainment history; Sunset Blvd. for its clubs and nightlife; and Melrose Ave. for its shopping, nightlife, and eclecticism.", "precise_score": 1.0170094966888428, "rough_score": -2.793152093887329, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Hollywood was founded as an independent city in 1903 and voted to merge with the City of Los Angeles in 1910. That same year also saw the birth of the Southern California motion picture industry when D. W. Griffith relocated his Biograph Company, sparking a westward migration of East Coast filmmakers. As movies exploded in popularity in the 1910s and '20s, the name Hollywood became synonymous with \"the Industry.\" In the decades following World War II, Hollywood's glitz and glamour began to fade as most of the leading film studios moved to other places.", "precise_score": -8.762371063232422, "rough_score": -8.235917091369629, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "In the 1980s, Hollywood was considered one of the worst neighborhoods in Los Angeles. The 1990s, however, saw the beginning of community redevelopment efforts, and today Hollywood is once again one of the region's most vibrant areas.", "precise_score": -9.537046432495117, "rough_score": -7.936384201049805, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Paramount is the only major studio still headquartered in Hollywood, but the area nonetheless remains an important center of the entertainment industry with its myriad production and broadcast facilities. Other affiliated businesses include Sunset-Gower Studios, Hollywood Center Studios, Raleigh Studios, Jim Henson Studios (a subsidiary of Walt Disney Pictures), and KTLA Studios (the local CW affiliate, housed on the original Warner Bros. lot). The other major studios are located to the north in the Universal City - Burbank corridor (Universal, Warner Bros., Disney, ABC, NBC, and DreamWorks). Most of the rest are to the west: Century City (Fox, MGM), the Fairfax District (CBS), and Culver City (Sony).", "precise_score": -7.543517112731934, "rough_score": -5.301901817321777, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The main east-west streets of central Hollywood are Hollywood Blvd. and Sunset Blvd., intersected by the main north-south streets of La Brea Ave., Highland Ave., Cahuenga Blvd., Vine St., and Gower St. Any location within a few blocks of these intersections is likely to be a satisfying choice. Night-time pedestrian activity in this area is focused on Hollywood Blvd.", "precise_score": -5.876168251037598, "rough_score": -6.4188551902771, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Los Angeles Fire Department Hollywood Museum 27, 1355 N. Caheunga Boulevard, ☎ +1 323 464-2727, [12] . Sa: 10AM-4PM. This museum is in the old Los Angeles City Fire Station 27, opened in 1930. It is fully restored to how it appeared in 1930 and contains historic fire apparatus.   edit", "precise_score": -9.227582931518555, "rough_score": -8.170984268188477, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Cinerama Dome, 6360 West Sunset Boulevard, ☎ (323) 464-1478, [13] . A unique movie theatre built in a geodesic dome. The theatre is popular for movie premiers because of it's impressive acoustics and ultra-wide screen. The rear courtyard entrance is a great place to to spot celebrities attending a film. $15-$20.   edit", "precise_score": -2.984567642211914, "rough_score": -7.2958526611328125, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Hollywood Bowl, 2301 North Highland Avenue, ☎ +1 323 426-2829, [20] . America's most famous outdoor theatre hosts the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra as well as numerous other concert events. Traffic and parking can be a nightmare, so the $5 round-trip public shuttles [21] are highly recommended.   edit", "precise_score": -10.195974349975586, "rough_score": -7.890851974487305, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Street life in Hollywood remains lively later than in most other areas, making the district a satisfying location to come home to. In fact, the best time to see Hollywood is in the evening, since the district serves along with the nearby Sunset Strip, as the regional center for clubs and nightlife. The Cahuenga Corridor (along Cahuenga between Sunset and Yucca) has several bars and lounges for bar-hopping.", "precise_score": -8.356142044067383, "rough_score": -7.0137810707092285, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Cat & Fiddle, 6530 Sunset Boulevard, ☎ +1-323-468-9045, [43] . A large and reasonably authentic British pub, the Cat & Fiddle always has a fun crowd, a good selection of beers and British pub food, and darts in the back room. The outdoor area is extraordinarily nice but fills early, while the inside of the bar is spacious but gets crowded in the evenings. Prices are reasonable given the location and decor, with beers from $5 per pint and food starting around $8.   edit", "precise_score": -6.6516499519348145, "rough_score": -8.262207984924316, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Sunset Tower Hotel, 8358 Sunset Blvd, ☎ 323-654-7100, [59] . The Sunset Tower is perched high on the Sunset Strip. Built in 1929, this hotel was recently and beautifully renovated. Staff is excellent and the rooms are feature floor to ceiling windows. Swimming pool has sweeping views of Los Angeles. In the evening, the pool area is converted into an extension of the popular Tower Bar. Celebrity sightings! $350.   edit", "precise_score": -4.173659324645996, "rough_score": -7.875956058502197, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "“There is a moment in Sunset Boulevard where William Holden’s interior monologue … mentions the childlike handwriting of the Gloria Swanson character. We do not see that writing. It is a writer’s ploy, astonishingly unadapted to the medium,” scholar David Thomson writes. “That is typical of Wilder. He outlines characters on paper — in dialogue, setting and situation — rather than in revealed behavior. Very often in his films, the actual images are incidental to the ‘facts’ of narration and dialogue. … The house in Sunset Blvd. bulges with detail that is all referred to in the script but that is never more than a gesture at plausible atmosphere.” (C)", "precise_score": -5.258042335510254, "rough_score": -6.1767473220825195, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "In Hollywood of the 50's, the obscure screenplay writer Joe Gillis is not able to sell his work to the studios, is full of debts and is thinking in returning to his hometown to work in an office. While trying to escape from his creditors, he has a flat tire and parks his car in a decadent mansion in Sunset Boulevard. He meets the owner and former silent-movie star Norma Desmond, who lives alone wit her butler and driver Max von Mayerling. Norma is demented and believes she will return to the cinema industry, and is protected and isolated from the world by Max, who was his director and husband in the past and still loves her. Norma proposes Joe to move to the mansion and help her in writing a screenplay for her comeback to the cinema, and the small-time writer becomes her lover and gigolo. When Joe falls in love for the young aspirant writer Betty Schaefer, Norma becomes jealous and completely insane and her madness leads to a tragic end. Written by Claudio Carvalho, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil", "precise_score": -4.113215923309326, "rough_score": -8.242022514343262, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Joe Gillis : Yes, this is Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles, California. It's about 5 0'clock in the morning. That's the homicide squad, complete with detectives and newspaper men.", "precise_score": -2.049970865249634, "rough_score": -6.843486785888672, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Playing for just 43 performances at the London Coliseum, Andrew Lloyd Weber’s acclaimed musical Sunset Boulevard is back in London starring Glenn Close.", "precise_score": 0.5508249998092651, "rough_score": -3.6056101322174072, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Marking the second production in the partnership between the English National Opera and the GradeLinnit Company (following sell-out hit Sweeney Todd), Sunset Boulevard is the gripping portrait of fading silent-screen actress Norma Desmond (Glenn Close). In a desperate bid to reclaim the spotlight, Norma hires penniless screenwriter Joe Gillis to write her a comeback role. Believing he can manipulate her, Joe agrees but soon finds himself trapped in Norma’s suffocating fantasy world.", "precise_score": -0.5898498892784119, "rough_score": -6.962179660797119, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Sunset Boulevard is a musical of extraordinary dramatic energy and this latest powerhouse production is a must-see. Book your tickets today!", "precise_score": -1.6282849311828613, "rough_score": -6.085646629333496, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Sunset Boulevard was fantastic, Glenn Close was sensational. The music is very good as is the staging. All in all a wonderful show", "precise_score": -2.3066370487213135, "rough_score": -4.941484451293945, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "A business and residential district in the city of Los Angeles , the core of Hollywood for a tourist is its three fascinating boulevards: Sunset Boulevard, Hollywood Boulevard, and Melrose Avenue, all of which are worth seeing. Hollywood Blvd is known for its entertainment history, Sunset Blvd for its clubs and nightlife, and Melrose Ave for its shopping, nightlife, and eclecticism.", "precise_score": 1.1883355379104614, "rough_score": -3.0498721599578857, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "In the decades following World War II, Hollywood's glitz and glamour began to fade as most of the leading film studios moved to other places. By the 1980s, Hollywood was considered one of the worst neighborhoods in Los Angeles. The 1990s, however, saw the beginning of community redevelopment efforts, and today Hollywood is once again one of the region's most vibrant areas. Paramount is the only major film studio still headquartered in Hollywood, but the area nonetheless remains an important center of the entertainment industry with its myriad production and broadcast facilities. Smaller studios still in Hollywood include Sunset-Gower Studios, Hollywood Center Studios, Raleigh Studios, Jim Henson Studios, and Sunset Bronson Studios (housed on the original Warner Bros. lot).", "precise_score": -5.725055694580078, "rough_score": -2.843966007232666, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The stretch of Hollywood Blvd between Highland and Vine is served frequently by Metro bus lines 217 and Metro Rapid 780, while the 180 and 181 from the east terminate just before Hollywood/Vine. Sunset Boulevard is served frequently by bus lines 2 and 302, Santa Monica Boulevard by the 4 and Metro Rapid 704, and Melrose Avenue by the 10. For frequent north-south service, Vine Street is served by the 210 and La Brea Avenue by the 212 and 312.", "precise_score": -3.0757088661193848, "rough_score": -6.322836875915527, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Hollywood sits roughly between the 101 freeway on the east, Melrose Avenue on the south, West Hollywood on the west, and the Hollywood Hills on the north. The main east-west streets of central Hollywood are Hollywood Blvd and Sunset Blvd, intersected by the main north-south streets of La Brea Ave, Highland Ave, Cahuenga Blvd, Vine St, and Gower St. Night-time pedestrian activity in this area is focused on Hollywood Blvd.", "precise_score": -6.19599723815918, "rough_score": -5.807185173034668, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.0967 -118.3438 4 Charlie Chaplin Studios, 1416 N. La Brea Avenue (just south of Sunset Boulevard). An interesting historical landmark, this complex was built in 1917 as the studios for Charlie Chaplin's film company. Constructed in Tudor-style architecture, it has the appearance of a small English village from the outside and was where many of Chaplin's most iconic films were shot, including The Gold Rush, City Lights, Modern Times, and The Great Dictator. In 2000, the studio was bought by the Jim Henson Company, which marked their presence with a statue of Kermit the Frog above the main gate. The studio is not open for tours, but you can admire the architecture from the outside.", "precise_score": -2.990511894226074, "rough_score": -5.847696304321289, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.09756 -118.32818 7 ArcLight Hollywood , 6360 W. Sunset Blvd (west of Vine Street),  ☎ +1 323 464-1478 . An upscale multiplex which offers various amenities, such as assigned seating, an on-site cafe, alcoholic beverages available for purchase, and occasional special event screenings with Q&As with noted filmmakers. Within the complex and very visible from the street is the Cinerama Dome, an eye-catching geodesic dome with a movie theater inside that is a noted example of Space Age architecture, with a 1960s-era marquee facing Sunset Boulevard.", "precise_score": -3.4612977504730225, "rough_score": -6.575675964355469, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.1008 -118.336 9 Egyptian Theater , 6712 Hollywood Boulevard,  ☎ +1 323 466-3456 . Check schedule for tours and film screenings. An ancient Egyptian-themed theater that was built in 1922 and operated by Sid Grauman, of Grauman's Chinese Theatre fame, this was one of the first lavish movie palaces and was the venue for the first-ever Hollywood premiere. Today it screens many classic films and documentaries. Screenings $11; tours $9.", "precise_score": -7.258475303649902, "rough_score": -8.115976333618164, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.098 -118.324 4 Hollywood Palladium , 6215 Sunset Boulevard,  ☎ +1 323 962-7600 . A classic Art Deco and Streamline-style theater and dance hall that today serves as a major concert venue that plays host to some big-name acts.", "precise_score": -2.828418016433716, "rough_score": -5.806255340576172, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Street life in Hollywood remains lively later than in most other areas, making the district a satisfying location to come home to. In fact, the best time to see Hollywood is in the evening, since the district serves along with the nearby Sunset Strip, as the regional center for clubs and nightlife. The Cahuenga Corridor (along Cahuenga between Sunset and Yucca) has several bars and lounges for bar-hopping.", "precise_score": -8.356142044067383, "rough_score": -7.0137810707092285, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "LOTS OF FAMOUS LANDMARKS - Review of Sunset Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA - TripAdvisor", "precise_score": 1.8823790550231934, "rough_score": -3.7978525161743164, "source": "search", "title": "LOTS OF FAMOUS LANDMARKS - Review of Sunset Boulevard, Los ..." }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The film stars William Holden as Joe Gillis, an unsuccessful screenwriter, and Gloria Swanson as Norma Desmond, a faded silent film star who draws him into her fantasy world where she dreams of making a triumphant return to the screen, with Erich von Stroheim as Max Von Mayerling, her devoted servant. Nancy Olson, Fred Clark, Lloyd Gough and Jack Webb play supporting roles. Director Cecil B. DeMille and gossip columnist Hedda Hopper play themselves, and the film includes cameo appearances by leading silent film actors Buster Keaton, H. B. Warner and Anna Q. Nilsson.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.846843719482422, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Six months earlier, down-on-his-luck screenwriter Joe tries selling Paramount Pictures producer Sheldrake on a story he submitted. Script reader Betty Schaefer harshly critiques it in Joe's presence, unaware that he is the author. Later, while fleeing from repossession men seeking his car, Joe turns into the driveway of a seemingly deserted mansion. After concealing the car, he hears a woman calling him, apparently mistaking him for someone else. Ushered in by Max, her butler, Joe recognizes the woman as long-forgotten silent film star Norma Desmond. Learning he is a writer, she asks his opinion of a script she has written for a film about Salome. She plans to play the role herself in a comeback. Joe finds her script abysmal, but flatters her into hiring him as a script doctor.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.171209335327148, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Norma lavishes attention on Joe and buys him expensive clothes. At her New Year's Eve party, he discovers he is the only guest and realizes she has fallen in love with him. He tries to let her down gently, but she slaps him and retreats to her room. Joe visits his friend Artie Green to ask about staying at his place. At Artie's party, he again meets Betty, who he learns is Artie's girl. Betty thinks a scene in one of Joe's scripts has potential, but Joe is uninterested. When Joe phones Max to have him pack his things, Max tells him Norma cut her wrists with his razor. Joe returns to Norma.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.436646461486816, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Norma has Max deliver the edited Salome script to her former director, Cecil B. DeMille, at Paramount. She starts getting calls from Paramount executive Gordon Cole, but petulantly refuses to speak to anyone except DeMille. Eventually, she has Max drive her and Joe to Paramount in her 1929 Isotta Fraschini. The older studio employees warmly greet her. DeMille receives her affectionately and treats her with great respect, tactfully evading her questions about Salome. Meanwhile, Max learns that Cole merely wants to rent her unusual car for a film.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.354642868041992, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Preparing for her imagined comeback, Norma undergoes rigorous beauty treatments. Joe secretly works nights at Betty's Paramount office, collaborating on an original screenplay. His moonlighting is found out by Max, who reveals that he was once a respected film director. He discovered Norma as a teenage girl, made her a star and was her first husband. After she divorced him, he found life without her unbearable and abandoned his career to become her servant.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.160392761230469, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The flashback ends. The house is filled with police and reporters. Norma, having lost touch with reality, believes the newsreel cameras are there to film Salome. Max and the police play along. Max sets up a scene for her and calls \"Action!\" As the cameras roll, Norma dramatically descends her grand staircase. She pauses and makes an impromptu speech about how happy she is to be making a film again, ending with: \"All right, Mr. DeMille, I'm ready for my close-up.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.261160850524902, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "* Fred Clark as Sheldrake, Paramount Producer", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.343718528747559, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "* Larry J. Blake as Finance man #1", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.508441925048828, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "* Buster Keaton (Bridge player)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.491752624511719, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "* Anna Q. Nilsson (Bridge player)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.393503189086914, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "* H. B. Warner (Bridge Player)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.228536605834961, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "As a young man living in Berlin in the 1920s, Billy Wilder was interested in American culture, with much of his interest fueled by the country's films. In the late 1940s, many of the grand Hollywood houses remained, and Wilder, then a Los Angeles resident, found them to be a part of his everyday world. Many former stars from the silent era still lived in them, although most were no longer involved in the film business. Wilder wondered how they spent their time now that \"the parade had passed them by\" and began imagining the story of a star who had lost her celebrity and box-office appeal. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.689953804016113, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The character of Norma Desmond mirrors aspects of the twilight years of several real-life faded silent film stars, such as the reclusive existence of Mary Pickford and the mental disorders of Mae Murray and Clara Bow. It is usually regarded as a fictional composite inspired by several different people, not just a thinly disguised portrait of one in particular, but some commentators have made claims for specific models: one asserts that Norma Talmadge is \"the obvious if unacknowledged source of Norma Desmond, the grotesque, predatory silent movie queen\" of the film. The most common analysis of the character's name is that it is a combination of the names of silent film actress Mabel Normand and director William Desmond Taylor, a close friend of Normand's who was murdered in 1922 in a never-solved case sensationalized by the press.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.890885353088379, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "In an effort to keep the full details of the story from Paramount Pictures and avoid the restrictive censorship of the Breen Code, they submitted the script a few pages at a time. The Breen Office insisted certain lines be rewritten, such as Gillis's \"I'm up that creek and I need a job,\" which became \"I'm over a barrel. I need a job.\" Paramount executives thought Wilder was adapting a story called A Can of Beans (which did not exist) and allowed him relative freedom to proceed as he saw fit. Only the first third of the script was written when filming began in early May 1949, and Wilder was unsure how the film would end.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.277852058410645, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The script contains many references to Hollywood and screenwriters, with Joe Gillis making most of the cynical comments. He sums up his film-writing career with the remark: \"The last one I wrote was about Okies in the dust bowl. You'd never know, because when it reached the screen, the whole thing played on a torpedo boat.\" In another exchange, Betty comments to Gillis: \"I'd always heard that you had some talent.\" He replies: \"That was last year. This year I'm trying to make a living.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.418533325195312, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "\"The fusion of writer-director Billy Wilder's biting humor and the classic elements of film noir make for a strange kind of comedy, as well as a strange kind of film noir. There are no belly laughs here, but there are certainly strangled giggles: at the pet chimp's midnight funeral, at Joe's discomfited acquiescence to the role of gigolo; at Norma's Mack Sennett-style \"entertainments\" for her uneasy lover; and at the ritualized solemnity of Norma's \"waxworks\" card parties, which feature such former luminaries as Buster Keaton as Norma's has-been cronies.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.316853523254395, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Several of Desmond's lines, such as, \"All right Mr. DeMille, I'm ready for my close-up,\" and \"I am big, it's the pictures that got small!\" are widely remembered and quoted. Much of the film's wit is delivered through Norma Desmond's deadpan comments, which are often followed by sarcastic retorts from Gillis. Desmond appears to not hear some of these comments, as she is absorbed by her own thoughts and in denial, and so some of Gillis's lines are heard only by the audience, with Wilder blurring the line between the events and Gillis's narration. Gillis's response to Desmond's cry that \"the pictures got small\" is a muttered reply, \"I knew something was wrong with them.\" Wilder often varies the structure, with Desmond taking Gillis's comments seriously and replying in kind. For example, when the two discuss the overwrought script Desmond has been working on, Gillis observes, \"They'll love it in Pomona.\" \"They'll love it everyplace,\" replies Desmond firmly.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.151859283447266, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Wilder preferred to leave analysis of his screenplays and films to others. When asked if Sunset Boulevard was a black comedy, he replied: \"No, just a picture.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.040087699890137, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The film refers to real films such as Gone with the Wind and real people such as Darryl F. Zanuck, D. W. Griffith, Rudolph Valentino, Douglas Fairbanks, John Gilbert, Tyrone Power, Alan Ladd, William Demarest, Adolphe Menjou, Rod La Rocque, Vilma Bánky, Mabel Normand, Bebe Daniels, Marie Prevost, Betty Hutton, Pearl White, Wallace Reid and Barbara Stanwyck along with the Black Dahlia murder case. Norma Desmond declares admiration for Greta Garbo.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.120406150817871, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "According to Brackett, he and Wilder never considered anyone except Gloria Swanson for the role of Norma Desmond. Wilder, however, had a different recollection. He recalled first wanting Mae West and Marlon Brando for the leads, but never approached either with an offer. He contacted Pola Negri by telephone, but had a difficult time understanding her heavy Polish accent. They also asked Norma Shearer if she would portray Norma Desmond, but she rejected the role due to both her retirement and distaste for it. They were considering Fred MacMurray to play opposite her as Joe. The filmmakers approached Greta Garbo, but she expressed no interest. Wilder and Brackett then visited Mary Pickford, but before even discussing the plot with her, Wilder realized she would consider a role involving an affair with a man half her age an insult, so they departed. They considered pairing Montgomery Clift with her. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.104804039001465, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Swanson was chagrined at the notion of submitting to a screen test, saying she had \"made twenty films for Paramount. Why do they want me to audition?\" Her reaction was echoed in the screenplay when Norma Desmond declares, \"Without me there wouldn't be any Paramount.\" In her memoir, Swanson recalled asking Cukor if it was unreasonable to refuse the screen test. He replied that since Norma Desmond was the role for which she would be remembered, \"If they ask you to do ten screen tests, do ten screen tests, or I will personally shoot you.\" His enthusiasm convinced Swanson to participate, and she signed a contract for $50,000. In a 1975 interview, Wilder recalled Swanson's reaction with the observation, \"There was a lot of Norma in her, you know.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.129861831665039, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Montgomery Clift was signed to play Joe Gillis for $5,000 per week for a guaranteed twelve weeks, but just before the start of filming he withdrew from the project, claiming his role of a young man involved with an older woman was too close to the one he had played in The Heiress, in which he felt he had been unconvincing. An infuriated Wilder responded, \"If he's any kind of actor, he could be convincing making love to any woman.\" It has been suggested the fact Clift was himself having an affair with a much older woman (the singer Libby Holman) was his real reason for withdrawing from the film. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.428848266601562, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Forced to consider the available Paramount stars, Wilder and Brackett focused on William Holden, who had made an impressive debut in Golden Boy in 1939. Following an appearance in Our Town (1940), he served in the military in World War II, and his return to the screen afterward had been moderately successful. He was enthusiastic about the script and eager to accept the role. He did not know that his salary was $39,000 less than that offered to Clift. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.345081329345703, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Erich von Stroheim, a leading film director of the 1920s who had famously directed Swanson, was signed to play Max, Norma's faithful servant, protector and former husband. For the role of Betty Schaefer, Wilder wanted a newcomer who could project a wholesome and ordinary image to contrast with Swanson's flamboyant and obsessive Desmond. He chose Nancy Olson, who had recently been considered for the role of Delilah in Cecil B. DeMille's Samson and Delilah. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.144815444946289, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "DeMille, often credited as the person most responsible for making Swanson a star, plays himself, and was filmed on the set of Samson and Delilah at Paramount Studios. He calls Norma \"young fella,\" as he had called Swanson.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.038049697875977, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Norma's friends who come to play bridge with her, described in the script as \"the waxworks\", were Swanson's contemporaries Buster Keaton, Anna Q. Nilsson and H. B. Warner, who, like DeMille, played themselves. Hedda Hopper also played herself, reporting on Norma Desmond's downfall in the film's final scenes.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.27656364440918, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The film's dark, shadowy black-and-white, film noir cinematography was the work of John F. Seitz. Wilder had worked with him on several projects before, and trusted his judgment, allowing him to make his own decisions. Seitz recalled asking Wilder what he required for the pet chimpanzee's funeral scene. Wilder replied, \"you know, just your standard monkey funeral shot.\" For some interior shots, Seitz sprinkled dust in front of the camera before filming to suggest \"mustiness,\" a trick he had also used for Double Indemnity (1944).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.337732315063477, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Wilder was adamant that the corpse of Joe Gillis be seen from the bottom of the pool, but creating the effect was difficult. The camera was placed inside a specially constructed box and lowered underwater, but the result disappointed Wilder, who insisted on further experiments. The shot was finally achieved by placing a mirror on the bottom of the pool and filming Holden's reflection from above with the distorted image of the policemen standing around the pool and forming a backdrop.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.3524169921875, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Swanson recalled in her biography that the costumes were only \"a trifle outdated, a trifle exotic.\" Head later described her assignment as \"the most challenging of my career,\" and explained her approach with the comment, \"Because Norma Desmond was an actress who had become lost in her own imagination, I tried to make her look like she was always impersonating someone.\" Head later said she relied on Swanson's expertise because \"she was creating a past that she knew and I didn't.\" Head also designed the costumes for William Holden and the minor characters; but for authenticity, Wilder instructed Von Stroheim and Nancy Olson to wear their own clothing.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.350848197937012, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The overstated decadence of Norma Desmond's home was created by set designer Hans Dreier, whose career extended back to the silent era. He had also been commissioned to complete the interior design for the homes of movie stars, including the house of Mae West. William Haines, an interior designer and former actor, later refuted criticism of Dreier's set design with the observation, \"Bebe Daniels, Norma Shearer, and Pola Negri all had homes with ugly interiors like that.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.353585243225098, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Wilder also made use of authentic locales. Joe Gillis's apartment is in the Alto Nido, a real apartment block in central Hollywood that was often populated by struggling writers. The scenes of Gillis and Betty Schaefer on Paramount's backlot were filmed on the actual backlot, and the interior of Schwab's Drug Store was carefully recreated for several scenes. The exterior scenes of the Desmond house were filmed at a house on Wilshire Blvd. built during the 1920s by the millionaire William O. Jenkins. Jenkins and his family lived in it for just one year, then left it abandoned for more than a decade, which earned it the nickname, The Phantom. By 1949 it was owned by the former wife of J. Paul Getty. The house was later featured in Nicholas Ray's Rebel Without a Cause. It was demolished by the Gettys in the early 1960s to allow construction of an office building . ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.412271499633789, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "During filming, considerable publicity was given to health-conscious Gloria Swanson's youthful appearance, which made her look the same age as Holden. Wilder insisted that the age difference between the characters be delineated, and instructed makeup supervisor Wally Westmore to make Swanson look older. Swanson argued that a woman of Norma Desmond's age, with her considerable wealth and devotion to self, would not necessarily look old, and suggested Holden be made up to appear younger. Wilder agreed, and Westmore was assigned this task, which allowed Swanson to portray Norma Desmond as more glamorous a figure than Wilder had originally imagined.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.200639724731445, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The film was scored by Franz Waxman. His theme for Norma Desmond was based on tango music, inspired by her having danced the tango with Rudolph Valentino. This style was contrasted with Joe Gillis's bebop theme. Waxman also used distorted arrangements of popular film-music styles from the 1920s and 1930s to suggest Norma Desmond's state of mind. The film's soundtrack was released on compact disc for the first time in 2002, re-recorded by Joel McNeely and the Scottish Symphony Orchestra. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.950248718261719, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Wilder and Brackett, nervous about a major screening in Hollywood, held a preview in Evanston, Illinois, in late 1949. The original edit opened with a scene inside a morgue, with the assembled corpses discussing how they came to be there. The story began with the corpse of Joe Gillis recounting his murder to the others. The audience reacted with laughter and seemed unsure whether to view the rest of the film as drama or comedy. After a similar reaction during its second screening in Poughkeepsie, New York, and a third in Great Neck, the morgue opening was replaced by a shorter poolside opening, using footage filmed on January 5, 1950. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.551795959472656, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "In Hollywood, Paramount arranged a private screening for the various studio heads and specially invited guests. After viewing the film, Barbara Stanwyck knelt to kiss the hem of Gloria Swanson's skirt. Swanson later remembered looking for Mary Pickford, only to be told, \"She can't show herself, Gloria. She's too overcome. We all are.\" Louis B. Mayer berated Wilder before the crowd of celebrities, saying, \"You have disgraced the industry that made and fed you! You should be tarred and feathered and run out of Hollywood!\" Upon hearing of Mayer's slight, Wilder strode up to the mogul and said retorted with a vulgarity that one biographer said was allegedly because Mayer, who was Jewish, suggested that Wilder, who was also Jewish, would be better off being sent back to Germany, an extraordinary sentiment so soon after the war and the Holocaust, in which Wilder's family perished. The few other criticisms were not so venomous. According to one often-told but recently discredited anecdote, actress Mae Murray, a contemporary of Swanson, was offended by the film and commented, \"None of us floozies was that nuts.\" The same quote, with the word \"zonked\" in place of \"nuts\", has also been attributed to actress-comedian Marion Davies.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.741832733154297, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Some critics accurately foresaw the film's lasting appeal. The Hollywood Reporter wrote that future generations would \"set themselves the task of analyzing the durability and greatness\" of the film, while Commonweal said that in the future \"the Library of Congress will be glad to have in its archives a print of Sunset Boulevard.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.979748725891113, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "In an interview years later, Davis bluntly stated that she and Swanson had \"cancelled each other out,\" though in 1982 she told Playboy of her admiration for Swanson's performance, saying, \"If she'd won, I'd have shouted hooray. She was sensational, just fantastic.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.267396926879883, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "* 2003 – AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes and Villains", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.417343139648438, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "** Norma Desmond - Nominated Villain", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.473278045654297, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Brackett's Hollywood career continued after his split with Wilder. He won an Academy Award for his screenplay for Titanic (1953), and wrote Niagara (1953), the breakthrough film for Marilyn Monroe as a dramatic actress. It was Wilder, however, who realized Monroe's comedic abilities in The Seven Year Itch and Some Like it Hot. Brackett's career waned by the end of the decade, though he did produce the critically praised and Oscar-nominated film The King and I (1956).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.222228050231934, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "William Holden began receiving more important parts and his career rose. In 1953, he won the Best Actor Oscar for Stalag 17, also directed by Wilder, and by 1956 he was the top box-office attraction in the United States.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.320860862731934, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Nancy Olson's pairing with William Holden was considered a success, and she appeared opposite him in several films during the 1950s, although none of them repeated their earlier success. She went on to star in The Absent-Minded Professor (1961) and Son of Flubber (1963), in which she was paired with Fred MacMurray, but despite the films' popularity with movie-goers, her career stalled.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.271817207336426, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "* The Tiny Toon Adventures episode \"Sepulveda Boulevard\" is a parody of the movie's plot. The role of the writer is played by Montana Max, who ends up face down in the gutter but very much alive.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.59451961517334, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Although Paramount gave verbal permission to proceed with the musical, there was no formal legal option. In the late 1950s, Paramount withdrew its consent, leading to the demise of the project.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.299171447753906, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Around 1980, Stephen Sondheim and Hal Prince were working on a musical adaptation with Norma to be played by Angela Lansbury. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.334444999694824, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Lloyd Webber and Black & Hampton ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.237655639648438, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sunset Boulevard (film)" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "That having been said, Signature Theatre’s new production of this show is slick, compelling, and surprisingly moving. It’s so good that, in spite of its lack of truly memorable tunes, it might just give the touring production of the Lincoln Center’s South Pacific revival—currently playing across the river at the Kennedy Center—a run for its money.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.283939361572266, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard - DC Theatre Scene" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "D.B. Bonds as Joe Gillis, Florence Lacey as Norma Desmond and Ed Dixon as Max von Mayerling (Photo: Chris Mueller)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.113842010498047, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard - DC Theatre Scene" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Now much older and wealthier but with her glamour days long past, Norma is convinced she can make a big Hollywood comeback playing a teenaged Salome in a biblical epic film she’s scripted herself. Enter down-and-out screenwriter Joe Gillis who gets into Norma’s palatial Sunset Boulevard mansion quite by accident. He ends up moving in to rewrite her disastrous script.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.73055362701416, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard - DC Theatre Scene" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Not willing to give up the good life she lavishes upon him, he becomes her reluctant boy toy, which ruins his budding romance with up-and-coming young screenwriter Betty Schaefer. Ultimately, despite the desperate machinations of Norma’s once-husband and now loyal butler Max, both Norma’s revised script and her shabby affair lead to the show’s highly dramatic, tragic denouement.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.421257972717285, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard - DC Theatre Scene" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "And it does. As the lights dim and as music director Jon Kalbfleisch launches his first downbeat, you notice the show’s orchestra perched somewhat precariously above and along stage rear. They’re somewhat hidden by a semitransparent scrim and some ornate, stylish simulated ironwork—and occasionally by a movie screen.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.274947166442871, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard - DC Theatre Scene" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Once the show begins to unfold in earnest, the soundstage comes briskly to life, bustling with frantic staffers; tyrannical directors; obnoxious and amoral agents, producers, an ink-stained wretches from the press; and down-on-their-luck hack script writers, ingénues, and the occasional washed-up actor.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355524063110352, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard - DC Theatre Scene" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "This frantic hustle alternates with scenes that take place in Norma’s Tinseltown mansion. Her palace interior appears almost instantaneously as needed via a publicity photo-littered rear wall, an ornate sofa and table, and a marvelous art deco staircase that drops down stage right. It’s simplicity itself, employing a simple mechanism not much different than the pull-down for an attic trap door. The effect is grand, impressive—and blessedly quiet so as not to detract from the grandiose mood and setting.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.116469383239746, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard - DC Theatre Scene" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "To complete the setting, the production makes frequent use of the aforementioned movie screen that slides in from time to time to cover the orchestra center. Flickering black and white silent clips run here and there, sometimes showing old movie clips, sometimes visualizing a winding road through the windshield of a speeding automobile, and (spoiler alert!) occasionally showing disturbing clips of a dead guy floating in a swimming pool.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.244903564453125, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard - DC Theatre Scene" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Whether the movie clips are an assemblage or derived from Billy Wilder’s film is irrelevant. Taken as a whole, they create a sense of motion and energy, helping one scene transition seamlessly into the next, making the audience feel at times like they’re watching a real movie. It’s a nice effect that subtly seduces the audience into buying the show’s whole old-Hollywood premise.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.432268142700195, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard - DC Theatre Scene" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "There’s little spoken dialogue. Narrative passages are sung in a kind of modernist recitatif. Signature seems to have run with this and turned Sunset Boulevard, very subtly, into a kind of verismo opera, a sung drama that’s more like Leoncavallo’s Pagliacci or Verdi’s late-career Otello.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.526373863220215, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard - DC Theatre Scene" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Wilder’s film version provided a major comeback for veteran actress Gloria Swanson. Webber’s show originally starred Patti LuPone, who was eventually bumped for Glenn Close for the Broadway staging. Later productions featured singing actresses as varied as Petula Clark and Diahann Carroll. And even Fay Dunaway was considered briefly for the show’s central role.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.009641647338867, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard - DC Theatre Scene" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Signature has scored by bringing veteran Broadway star Florence Lacey on board in the title role. Ms. Lacey was over-the-top great in Sunday evening’s performance, balancing her character’s essential outrageousness with surprising touches of sorrow, regret, and vulnerability. As for her showy vocals, she delivered them all with convincing passion and conviction in perhaps the greatest single performance  by a singing actress that we’ve seen here in many years. Ms. Lacey’s performance alone is worth the price of admission, particularly her grand, tragically mad final descent down her ornate, elaborate staircase resplendent in all her flamboyant, silent-film glory.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.348785400390625, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard - DC Theatre Scene" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Ms. Lacey is blessed by a fine supporting cast, particularly the principals. They’re led by D. B. Bonds as the tormented Joe Gillis. A failed—or at least rejected—screenwriter, it’s just Joe’s luck to get an extended gig rewriting Norma’s disastrously huge script, which initially resembles the length and girth of the Obamacare legislation. Joe ends up, with only partial regret, as Norma’s live-in paramour.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.3961820602417, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard - DC Theatre Scene" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "D. B. Bonds embodies Joe’s artistic and personal torments, transforming what initially seems like a shallow role into one of tragic heroism. He repents his fall in the end, but he’s just too late to make amends. As a vocalist, Bonds also excels, most particularly in Sunset Boulevard’s title song.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.826297760009766, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard - DC Theatre Scene" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "As Betty Schaefer, the real object of Joe’s affections, Susan Derry does a nice job with a relatively small and ungracious role. Her transformation from script editor ingénue to real writer to tragic, would-be lover and wife is eminently believable. It’s the whole story of Hollywood, really, where promises and dreams eventually turn to ashes for most who pursue them.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.384072303771973, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard - DC Theatre Scene" }, { "answer": "L.A.", "passage": "Letters to Dunaway Stir 'Sunset' Controversy : Theater: A missive from Andrew Lloyd Webber details the actress's firing, while the show's director says he argued against closing the L.A. show.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.83284854888916, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "L.A.", "passage": "L.A. Run of 'Sunset' Ends Quietly Despite Flap : Theater: Several dozen fans seek tickets to the final two performances. Most criticize the sudden closing of the musical.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.207663536071777, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Why They Closed 'Blvd.' and Rode Into Sunset : News analysis: Box-office sales hinted at a dark future for the Faye Dunaway version of the Andrew Lloyd Webber musical. Venture was labeled too risky.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.751370429992676, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "L.A.", "passage": "Letters to Dunaway Stir 'Sunset' Controversy : Theater: A missive from Andrew Lloyd Webber details the actress's firing, while the show's director says he argued against closing the L.A. show.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.83284854888916, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "June 25, 1994 | JAN BRESLAUER, SPECIAL TO THE TIMES", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.381173133850098, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "L.A.", "passage": "L.A. Run of 'Sunset' Ends Quietly Despite Flap : Theater: Several dozen fans seek tickets to the final two performances. Most criticize the sudden closing of the musical.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.207663536071777, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Why They Closed 'Blvd.' and Rode Into Sunset : News analysis: Box-office sales hinted at a dark future for the Faye Dunaway version of the Andrew Lloyd Webber musical. Venture was labeled too risky.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.751370429992676, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "June 25, 1994 | JAN BRESLAUER, SPECIAL TO THE TIMES", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.381173133850098, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "'Sunset Blvd.' to Be Closed; Dunaway's Singing Faulted : Theater: Actress, reportedly 'flabbergasted' by ouster, was to replace Glenn Close. Refunds could total $4 million.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.977404594421387, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The winners of the Tony Awards for Broadway theater, announced Sunday: * Play: \"Love! Valour! Compassion!\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.385149002075195, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "L.A. Critics Are Crazy for 'Crazy,' 'Tavern' : Stage: The plays share the top prize of the Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle. Of the theaters, Orange County's South Coast Repertory wins the most awards.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.145049095153809, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Sunset Boulevard Musical - latimes" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "The best-known song about Hollywood was introduced in the Busby Berkeley-directed 1937 film Hollywood Hotel. Since then it has become the unofficial anthem for the movie capital of the world, and is even played at the annual Academy Awards ceremonies.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.982362747192383, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The House Un-American Activities Committee combed through Hollywood in the late 1940s and 1950s and built its “Hollywood Blacklist,” which consisted of screenwriters, actors, directors, musicians and other entertainment employees who were suspected of being affiliated with the Communist Party. HUAC called on hundreds of “suspected” communists within the industry to testify, many rolled over and named names, but some, like the “Hollywood Ten” refused to incriminate themselves in a crime they did not commit and were arrested. By 1952, the Hollywood Blacklist rejected over 300 people from working in the industry. It was not until the late 1950’s that the blacklist stopped terrorizing Hollywood.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.71760368347168, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "If you want to see where films are shot, take a tour at one of the major studios: Universal [2] \"bundles\" a full amusement park with its tour, while several other studios offer smaller, but interesting tours. In reality, most films are shot in warehouses and sound stages in Burbank and elsewhere.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.307600975036621, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "If you want to see celebrities, pack your patience or be prepared to play the role of boulevardier. The chances of bumping into a celebrity are very low, because most of the celebrities who live in Hollywood usually do not go out in public and they are not going to risk causing a mob scene by casually strolling along tourist-packed Hollywood Boulevard (unless heavily disguised). If you want to bump into a celebrity, you would probably have to do a lot of \"hanging out\" at expensive restaurants in Beverly Hills , on Sunset Plaza, or in Malibu .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.474967956542969, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "A recommended place to see stars in Hollywood is Griffith Park Observatory, which appeared in Rebel Without a Cause and many other movies.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.250845909118652, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Hollywood is close enough to the Westside to make car trips there relatively easy. If you are beginning your trip in Downtown Los Angeles--the proverbial center of Southern California's intricate freeway network--you can head north on US Highway 101 and exit on Hollywood Blvd. or Gower St. If traffic is a problem, and it will be during 1 -6PM, consider an alternate route by noting that many Los-Angeles Area freeways form concentric rings around the Downtown center. You might also consider surface streets: Santa Monica Boulevard is a major throughfare that links Hollywood with Beverly Hills and Santa Monica .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.228114128112793, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Many side and smaller streets in Hollywood are packed with curb parked cars & make for a tight squeeze driving through. Be prepared to pay up to $10 or more for parking in high density popular areas, or try to validate parking in participating shops & restaurants if you make any pit stops.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.388984680175781, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Hollywood's location is central to most other popular attractions. The Red Line subway stations at Hollywood/Vine and Hollywood/Highland can connect you to cross-town areas accessible by rail , and the stretch of Hollywood Blvd between Highland and Vine serves as a major terminal for the bus system.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.69430160522461, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Visitors from Orange County , home of Disneyland and Knott's Berry Farm, can get to Hollywood by taking Amtrak's Pacific Surfliner or Metrolink's Orange County Line to Los Angeles Union Station and then transferring to the Red Line.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.910282135009766, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "By plane[ edit ]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.391523361206055, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Hollywood is served by Los Angeles International Airport (LAX [3] ) or the slightly closer Bob Hope Airport (BUR [4] ) in Burbank . Shuttle Van from LAX is $15 per person (one way, ask to be directed to the attendant at the Airport and give plently of notice to be picked up).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.278886795043945, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Travelers planning to visit multiple attractions may benefit from Hollywood CityPASS [5] , which grants admission to 4 Hollywood attractions within 9 days of first use for a much reduced rate. The included attractions are: Red Line Behind-the-Scences Tour; Starline Tours of Hollywood; Madame Tussauds Hollywood and an Option Ticket with choice of either a 30-minute Kodak THEATRE guided tour or admission to The Hollywood Museum.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.471285820007324, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Griffith Park Observatory, 2800 East Observatory Road, ☎ +1 213-473-0800, [6] . Tu-F Noon-10PM, Sa-Su 10AM-10PM, closed Mondays. Reopened in 2006 after a long remodel; reservations are no longer necessary. Popular tourist attraction that features an extensive array of space- and science-related displays. The outside offers a beautiful panorama of the city of Los Angeles, especially stunning at night.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.750730514526367, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Grauman's Chinese Theater, 6925 Hollywood Boulevard, ☎ +1 323 464-8111, [7] . The most famous movie theatre in the world, Grauman's Chinese Theatre opened in 1927 and is home to the cement footprints, handprints, and (in some cases) otherprints of many of history's most famous movie stars. The theatre is also a former home of the Oscars, and today hosts many movie premieres. The forecourt that showcases the star's prints is free to all visitors. Movies are shown for $10, and half-hour walking tours are available for $5. The theatre completed an extensive renovation in September 2013 adding an IMAX screen. The 932 seat auditorium is be the largest capacity IMAX theatre in the world.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.046459197998047, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Madame Tussauds Hollywood (Madame Tussauds Hollywood), 6933 Hollywood Blvd, Hollywood, CA 90028, United States, ☎ 323-798-1670, [8] . Meet Hollywood’s biggest stars at Madame Tussauds Hollywood, located next to the world-famous TCL Chinese Theatre and the Walk of Fame. The famed attraction is Los Angeles' premiere Hollywood destination offering guests the world's only opportunity to interact with over 125 incredibly lifelike iconic figures from the celebrity worlds of film, TV, music, sports and politics.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.154301643371582, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "El Capitan Theatre, 6838 Hollywood Boulevard, Hollywood, Los Angeles, California (across the street from the Hollywood and Highland Shopping Center), ☎ +1 818-845-3110, [9] . Originally opened in 1926 by the same team that created the Egyptian Theatre and the Chinese Theatre. A much needed restoration was completed in 1991. The theatre is home to first run Disney films and Disney premiers. The theatre is complete with a fully restored Wurlitzer pipe organ. $10-$20. (34.101111°N,118.339722°W)  edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.593311309814453, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Grauman's Egyptian Theatre, 1650-1654 McCadden Pl & 6706-6712 Hollywood Blvd., Hollywood, Los Angeles, California (on Hollywood Blvd. Between N. McCadden Pl and N. Las Palmas Ave.), [10] . Opened in 1922 by Sid Grauman in an Egyptian Revival theme. It was restored and reopened in 1998. Tours are offered at least one Saturday per month (see the calendar on the American Cinematheque website.) The theatre also shows a myriad of classic films on a regular basis. $10-$20. (34.101111°N,118.339722°W)  edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.434368133544922, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The Hollywood Heritage Museum in the Lasky-DeMille Barn, 2100 North Highland Avenue (across from the Hollywood Bowl), ☎ (323) 874-2276 ( [email protected] ). Noon-4PM Wednesday-Sunday (often closed during Hollywood Bowl events). A quaint museum showcasing the early days of Hollywood as a budding movie town. Housed in a barn that was relocated from Selma and Vine. The barn was used to film some of the first silent movies produced in Hollywood. $7 Adults, Children (under 12) Free.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.711599349975586, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The Hillcrest Stairs (DeKeysor House and Freeman House), Between 1907 & 1915 N Highland Ave. A public staircase featuring two hidden Hollywood architectural marvels. Between the two houses (or former houses now home to businesses) at 1907 and 1915 N Highland you'll find a cement path next to a tall pine tree. While you'll feel like you're trespassing you are on a public sidewalk. You'll walk a short but challenging climb past the Samuel Freeman House built in 1924 by architect Frank Lloyd Wright and the DeKeysor House built by Rudolf Schindler in 1935.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.834612846374512, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The Hollywood Sign. Hollywood's most recognizable landmark is easy to spot high up on Mount Lee in Griffith Park. The best views of the sign in downtown Hollywood are from the walkways near the back portion of the Hollywood and Highland Shopping Center. You can hike as close to the sign as you are allowed to by driving to the end of N. Beachwood Dr. Park alongside the road (chances are other people will be parked there as well) climb up the dirt paths until you see signs warning you not to go any further. You can get some amazing close photos of the sign from here. Be warned: They're not kidding about trespassing near the sign. There are cameras everywhere. If you go someplace you're not supposed to be a police helicopter will swoop down and advise you to turn back. The views of the sign from Lake Hollywood Park (sometimes called simply 'Nice City Park') at 3100 Canyon Lake Dr are also very nice. Another unconventional yet awesome viewing spot is from the top of the Home Depot parking structure at 5600 Sunset Blvd.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.750473022460938, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Runyon Canyon Park, 2000 N Fuller Ave. A large park with trails around a canyon. The park has a major off-leash dog area and a grassy yoga area. If you can make it to the top of the canyon you will find panoramic views of the city. On a clear day you can see snow in the mountains and the Pacific Ocean. The park gets very busy on weekends. The best time to visit is early in the morning. This is also a great place to spot celebrities doing their morning workout.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.969791412353516, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Jim Henson Studios (formerly Chaplin Studios), 1416 N. La Brea Ave. Los Angeles, CA 90028. Sadly tours of this iconic Hollywood landmark are not currently available. Opened in 1919 by Charlie Chaplin. He filmed many of his classics there including The Kid (1921), The Gold Rush (1925), City Lights (1931), Modern Times (1936), The Great Dictator (1940), Monsieur Verdoux (1947), and Limelight (1952). Currently it's home to the Jim Henson company. A large statue of Kermit the Frog dressed as Chaplin's iconic Tramp is atop the building's roof. Definitely worth a walk by.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.606712341308594, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Jane's House, 6541 Hollywood Boulevard (a few blocks East of the Chinese Theatre on Hollywood Blvd.). Queen Anne/Dutch Colonial Revival home that takes you back to Hollywood at the turn of the century. Saved from demolition this historic building has been home to different restaurants and trendy nightclubs. Currently vacant the home is a triumphant feature of the aptly named Janes Square Landmark Shopping Center.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.80683708190918, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The Las Palmas Hotel (aka the Pretty Woman hotel), 1738 North Las Palmas Avenue Hollywood, CA 90028 (1/2 block off Hollywood Blvd. toward Yucca St.), ☎ (323) 464-9236, [14] . The hotel featured in the final sequence of the film Pretty Woman with Julia Roberts and Richard Gere.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.383332252502441, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Ripley's Believe it or Not, 6780 Hollywood Blvd, ☎ +1 323-466-6335, [15] . Musuem that focuses on the odd, the unusual and the unbelievable. Features interactive illusions and a gallery.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.207489013671875, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Pantages Theatre, 6233 Hollywood Boulevard Los Angeles, CA 90028 (1/2 block East of the intersection of Hollywood and Vine), ☎ 323-468-1770, [17] . Opened in 1930 the theatre has been host to the Oscars and the Emmys. It is now home to top notch live theatre.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.816320419311523, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Los Angeles Zoo and Botanical Gardens (LA Zoo), 5333 Zoo Drive, ☎ (323) 644-4200, [18] . 10:00 am - 5:00 pm. The L.A. Zoo has been welcoming visitors since 1966. As much a botanical garden as a zoo, the grounds are thick with mature shade trees from around the world that help cool its visitors and new habitats. The zoo's latest attraction is the Rainforest of the Americas, a new habitat which opens in the spring of 2014 and features more than 20 different animal species and plants which exemplifies the extraordinary diversity of life on our planet. Other recently added attractions include the LAIR (Living Amphibian, Invertebrates, and Reptiles) which opened in 2012. Elephants of Asia, which tracks the history and culture of the animal through Cambodia, China, India, and Thailand debuted in 2010 and Campo Gorilla Reserve, a habitat for seven African lowland gorillas that closely resembles their native West African homeland. There's also the Sea Lion Cliffs habitat, where visitors can view the saltwater habitat from an underwater glass viewing area; the Jane Goodall-approved Chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains habitat, where visitors can see plenty of primate activity; and the Red Ape Rainforest, a natural orangutan habitat. Kids will also enjoy the Winnick Family Children's Zoo, which contains a petting area, exhibition animal-care center, as well as taking a spin on the Tom Mankiewicz Conservation Carousel, or any of the zoo’s other kid-hip exhibits and activities. $14-$19.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.941116333007812, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Dolby Theatre, 6801 Hollywood Bld, ☎ +1 323 308-6300, [19] . Located at the Hollywood & Highland Center (see \"Buy\" below). Hosts a wide range of live performances, including the annual Academy Awards.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.97068977355957, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Cemetery Movie Screenings, Hollywood Forever Cemetery, 6000 Santa Monica Blvd, ( [email protected] ), [22] . Saturdays at 7PM, May-September. The Cinespia film society screens creepy older movies (recent showings include The Shining, Pee Wee's Big Adventure and Invasion of the Body Snatchers) every Saturday during the summer in the Hollywood Forever Cemetery, with most proceeds going toward cemetery restoration. Crowds can be huge, so arrive prior to gates opening if you want a good vantage point. Most people bring a picnic dinner, blanket and jacket, and a DJ plays music prior to the showing to create a fun outdoor atmosphere. Parking is free within the cemetery, but a $10 donation is required for each person.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.833498001098633, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Mulholland Drive, Mulholland Drive (Hollywood Hills). If you have a car, it is worth driving up to Mulholland Drive - the home of the stars. Apart from star seeking, the views across Los Angeles and San Fernando Valley are breathtaking.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.022845268249512, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Hollywood Blvd. has countless urban clothing stores. Walk around and find stores with the latest LNG, Phat Farm, Timberland, Sean John, and many more. Melrose Avenue is the to go to place to feel like a star. Start by browsing through vintage clothing stores to maxing out the credit card at chic boutiques.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.723339080810547, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "The Grove, 189 The Grove Drive, ☎ (888) 315-8883. Shopping and entertainment complex that will appeal to tourists that want to shop, while locals stop by to pick up fresh produce from the nearby Farmers Market.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.4098482131958, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Hollywood & Highland Center, 6801 Hollywood Boulevard, [23] . Home of the Dolby Theatre (where the Oscars are held) and Grauman's Chinese Theatre, the 387,000-square-foot Hollywood & Highland center is also a major shopping destination.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.456368446350098, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Amoeba Music, 6400 Sunset Blvd, ☎ +1 323-245-6400, [24] . The country's largest independent music store, Amoeba has three locations including Hollywood, Berkeley and San Francisco . Prices are slightly higher than at the discount stores, but the selection is enormous and just about any obscure record you could imagine is to be found somewhere on the shelves.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.632295608520508, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Decades, 8214 Melrose Ave, ☎ (323) 655-1960. This Melrose Avenue shop is the place to go for vintage 1960s and 1970s couture and accessories.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.6878662109375, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Frederick's of Hollywood, 6751 Hollywood Blvd., ☎ (323) 957-5953. During the golden years of Hollywood, all the superstars were wearing Fredericks, from Greta Garbo to Mae West to Marilyn Monroe. Today, the store is a lot less polished but still a good place to pick up glamorous lingerie.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.826541900634766, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "IPED Foot Spa, 6767 Sunset Blvd Suite 22 (Sunset & Highland), ☎ 323-466-1038. 11am-10pm. 6767 Sunset blvd (cross road highland). Easy to reach location. If you are tired of walking a long day in Hollywood. Iped offers 1 hour foot massage for as less as $25. 25+.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.8718843460083, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Pink's Hot Dogs, 709 N. La Brea Avenue, ☎ +1 323-931-4223, [26] . Su-Th 9:30AM-2AM, F-Sa 9:30AM-3AM. Serving the most famous hot dogs in Los Angeles since 1939, their chili dog will set you back just $2.50. Open every day from 9:30AM to 2AM or later. Expect a long but fairly fast-moving line.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.83695125579834, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Scoops, 712 North Heliotrope Dr, ☎ +1 (323) 906 2649. M-Sa. 12PM - 10PM Sun. 2PM - 6PM. There's nothing quite like a giant cone of ice cream on a hot summer's day in LA, and scoops does all your favourite flavours plus some innovative creations like black currant lychee and brown bread!   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.365877151489258, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "In-N-Out Burger, 7009 W Sunset Blvd, Hollywood, CA, 90028, [27] . This hugely popular Southern California burger chain has a surprisingly basic menu, but serves up some of the most popular burgers around, and does burgers well.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.41701602935791, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "L.A.", "passage": "Yai. By general learned agreement, the most authentic Thai food in the States can be found at \"the Thai restaurant behind the 7-11 on Hollywood Boulevard by the 101.\" That's how it is known. If you are not from L.A., this can also serve as an introduction to L.A.-style directions. (The cross street, by the way, is Taft Avenue.) The Pad Thai here is light and perfumed and the curries hot enough to kill. And by authentic, that's exactly what is meant...don't expect any catering to tastes here.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.673297882080078, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Palms Thai Restaurant, 5900 Hollywood Blvd, ☎ +1 323-462-5073, [28] . 11AM-2AM. Home of the infamous Thai Elvis, who will serenade you through dinner. The decor's authentically cheesy and Elvis sings the hits. While plain dishes such as fried rice or pad Thai are nothing to write home about, the curries (duck and panang), pad prik king, and anything off the \"wild things\" menu are excellent choices.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.348508834838867, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Paru's, 5140 W Sunset Blvd. (just west of Normandie Ave.), [29] . M-F 4-10PM, Sa-Su 11AM-10PM. Head here for excellent South Indian vegetarian food in a charming garden. Especially wonderful masala dosas.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.69910717010498, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Little Armenia. East Hollywood's Little Armenia district has a few excellent cheap food options. Falafel Arax at 5101 Santa Monica Blvd. has excellent Falafel and Shawerma. Sassoun Bakery, at 5114 Santa Monica has great Lahmejun (Armenia pizza), boregs, zahtar (thyme) and tahini breads. Zankou Chicken at 5065 W. Sunset Blvd. has popular rotiserrie chicken with great garlic sauce. Carousel at 5112 Hollywood Blvd. has an amazing mezze (appetizer) selection, and great food.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.379449844360352, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Travel south to East Hollywood and you can find countless \"pupuserias\". These thick, hand-made corn tortillas come with quesillo (Salvadorean cheese), pork, chicken, rice, beans, or \"queso con loroco\" (cheese and vine flower bud). Just look for signs that say \"pupuserias.\" They usually run around $1.50-$2 a pupusa. A very delicious food.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.497761726379395, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "101 Coffee Shop, 6145 Franklin Ave (at Vista Del Mar Avenue), ☎ +1-323-467-1175. 7AM-3AM, 7 days a week. Previously known as the Hollywood Hills Coffee Shop, this place has been popular for years, and the new owners have only improved it. Great selection of sandwiches, burgers, sweet potato french fries(!!), coffee and tea. It's not unheard of to spot celebs here.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.276066780090332, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Ammo, 1155 N. Highland Ave, [31] . Great for lunch or dinner, excellent and fashionable food.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.317159652709961, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Cheebo, 7533 W. Sunset Blvd, ☎ +1 323-850-7070, [32] . Everyone loves the Cheeb! A play on \"cibo\" (Italian for food), this place has great and creative food and a fun atmosphere. All-day breakfasts, excellent sandwiches, salads, pizzas by the foot and nice dinners to boot. Eat here for breakfast and you'll be back for lunch.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.705500602722168, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Electric Karma, 8222 1/2 W. 3rd St., ☎ +1 323-653-2121, [33] . Su-Th 11:30AM-10:30PM, F-Sa 11:30AM-11PM. The \"Most Romantic Indian Restaurant in Los Angeles\" offers authentic Punjabi cuisine at reasonable prices for lunch and dinner; a beautiful, candle-lit dining room and open-air courtyard; unique cocktails; and warm, professional staff.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.30887508392334, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The Griddle Café, 7916 Sunset Blvd (east of Fairfax Ave), ☎ +1 323-874-0377. The Griddle Café is the best breakfast experience in LA. It features pages of every type of pancake you can imagine, which also happen to be twice as large as any pancake you've ever had, and still manage to be fluffy-thick and light on the tummy. Coffee is fresh, in a french press, and the menu features more than just breakfast. Short story: Food is awesome, service is great, but its always crowded. Don't worry though, they serve fast and you will feel the wait is worth it.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.514466285705566, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "M Café, 7119 Melrose Ave, ☎ +1 323-525-0588, [34] . M-Sa 9AM-10PM, Su 9AM-9PM. One of the hottest new places in Hollywood. If you've been infected with Organica or Macrobiotica, head here now. It's often impossibly crowded and parking's a nightmare. They've got lots of premade things that are handy if you're short on time, otherwise it's better to order fresh, considering how far you'll be set back. Most mains hover around the $10-15 range.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.233766555786133, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Mel's Drive-In, 1660 N. Highland Ave, ☎ +1-323-465-3111, [35] . Su-Th 6:30AM-3AM, F-Sa 24 Hrs.. Come here for traditional diner fare: cheeseburgers, french fries, and milkshakes. Part of the chain that opened in San Francisco in the late '40s. There is another location on the Sunset Strip in West Hollywood .   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.326148986816406, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Musso & Frank Grill, 6667 Hollywood Blvd, ☎ +1-323-467-7788. For a taste of old Hollywood, this is the place. It's been famous for generations.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.305832862854004, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "L.A.", "passage": "Rainbow Bar & Grill, 9015 Sunset Blvd. (between N. Doheny Dr. and Hammond St.), ☎ +1 310-278-4232, [36] . This vintage lounge offers great appetizers (especially the calamari), pizza, pasta, burgers, and pricier steak and seafood dishes in a hard rock atmosphere. If you like the '80s L.A. metal scene, there's no better place to spot rock stars (and lesser lights like Ron Jeremy.) A $10 cover charge comes with two drink vouchers. The Roxy is next door. A crowded outdoor smoking patio is available for the real rockers.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.660057067871094, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Sushi Ike, 6051 Hollywood Blvd (in a mini-mall on the corner of Gower), ☎ +1-323-856-9972. A small and moderately-priced authentic Japanese restaurant with a great sushi bar and friendly chefs--one of the best this side of the 101.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.387402534484863, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "All' Angelo Ristorante, 7166 melrose ave. - los angeles - CA 90046, ☎ +1 323 933-9540, [37] . Lunch - Friday: 12 - 2:30PM / Dinner - M-Sa: 6 - 10:30PM / Closed Sunday. This authentic Italian eatery combines the relaxed atmosphere of a Los Angeles restaurant with a menu that's as close to a ticket to Rome as you can get without a passport. Their seasonal menu includes mouth watering timbale of cauliflower, authentic tripe, gourmet pastas, and hearty entrees. The owners bring a warm Italian sensibility to fresh dishes that would please any palate. This place is perfect for that special occasion!   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.112899780273438, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Geisha House, ☎ +1 323-460-6300 ( [email protected] ), [39] . Su-Th 6PM-1AM, F-Sa 6PM-1:30AM. Geisha House is a Modern Japanese Restaurant, Sushi Bar and Sake Lounge that embraces the flavor of traditional Japan while catering to the hip, sophisticated clientèle of Los Angeles. Don't be surprised by celebrity clientèle either. $31-50.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.455873489379883, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Katsuya, 6300 Hollywood Blvd (at Vine St), ☎ +1 (323) 871-8777, [40] . The newest restaurant from acclaimed chef Katsuya Uechi, designed by Philippe Starck. Mouth-watering Japanese menu, destined to be a new Hollywood institution. His other restaurants around the LA area are rated as some of the best in the city.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.81965446472168, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "The Ivy, ☎ +1 310-274-6300. M-F 11:30AM-11PM, Sa 11AM-11PM, Su 10:30AM-10AM. The Ivy is a Los Angeles mainstay and is frequented by celebrities. As for the menu, think comfort food, like fried chicken, Cajun prime rib and fish and fresh corn chowder. Request a seat on the famed patio for the best people watching. $31-50.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.142987251281738, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "ceFiore, 6922 Hollywood Blvd #107, ☎ +1 323-465-9097, [41] . Everyday 11AM-11PM. Right across the street from Grauman's Chinese Theatre you'll find one of LA's best places for tart Italian non-fat frozen yogurt and yogurt smoothies. Choose from 4 different frozen yogurt flavors: Original, Blackberry, Raspberry-Pomogranate, and Green Tea, along with a wide variety of fresh fruits and dry toppings. They also offer smoothies, herbal teas, and coffees.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.146879196166992, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Pinkberry, 7123 Melrose Ave (just west of La Brea), ☎ +1 323-730-9889, [42] . A new, overly-hyped and rapidly spreading frozen yogurt chain. Choose from vanilla or green tea yogurt, and a great assortment of toppings from fresh berries to Cap'n Crunch. $2-5.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.371973991394043, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The Juice Fountain, 6332 Hollywood Blvd (between Ivar and Vine), ☎ +1 323 464-8986. One of the best juice places in LA, it recently moved from its old location on Vine St. The juices are fresh and delicious, and its run by a sweet Hispanic family. Don't mess with the grandma! $3-5.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.28571891784668, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Roosevelt Hotel Lounge, 7000 Hollywood Boulevard (across the street from Grauman's Chinese Theatre), ☎ +1-323-466-7000 ( [email protected] ), [44] . The lounge in this historic hotel is an upscale hotspot where one is likely to find Hollywood elite enjoying cocktails on weekdays, and a hipster party scene on weekends. Plenty of leather couches, candles, and a classy staff provides a sense of how the \"other half\" lives. Expect Hollywood prices to go along with the Hollywood atmosphere.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.755566596984863, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "PowerHouse, 1714 N Highland Ave Los Angeles, ☎ (323) 463-9438. One of the most laidback and relaxed bars in town, head here for cheap beer, darts and classic rock. Come as you are, and you will be glad you're here.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.020444869995117, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Boardners, 1652 N Cherokee Ave Los Angeles. Power through the packed crowds and grab yourself a spot at this bar, where the drinks are strong and there's good people watching to be had.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.061562538146973, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Cinespace, 6356 Hollywood Boulevard (2nd Level), ☎ 1-323-817-3456, [45] . A movie-themed dance club that was touted by Playboy Magazine as LA's best bar. They also occasionally offer dinner in front of a large movie screen with reasonably good California cuisine for around $25 -$40 per person.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.678980827331543, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "The Well, 6255 W Sunset Blvd. Make out as if you're a local and head to this so trendy it has a secret entrance door (hint, the entrance is on … Argyle, even though the address is on Sunset). While the crowd can be posey, its one of the better clubs in the area, and still manages to remain intimate and cosy.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.981043815612793, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Velvet Margarita Cantina, 1612 N Cahuenga Blvd, ☎ (323) 469-2000, [46] . open til 4AM on weekends. Dark lounge inspired by Dia de los Muertos. Lots of tequila, beer, and of course margaritas.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.219338417053223, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "L'Scorpion (Scorpion Lounge), 6679 Hollywood Blvd (Las Palmas Blvd), ☎ 1-323-464-3026, [47] . open Monday - Friday & Sunday 6 PM - 2 AM, Saturday 1:30 PM - 2 AM. Dark lounge with stripper pole in the back. Tequila, beer, margaritas served. $$.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.207221984863281, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Hollywood offers a wide range in price and quality of accommodations. The modern Renaissance Hotel and the antique Roosevelt Hotel provide an upscale choice, though the latter has a reputation for frequently closing its pool for private parties. There is a full range of standard motel chains including Travelodge, Motel 6, and Best Western. There are also a few well-located hostels.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.299680709838867, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "StayON Beverly Hostel, 4619 Beverly Blvd, [49] . checkin: 4PM; checkout: 11AM. A private room hostel with free WiFi internet access, featuring great, comfortable and secure private rooms on a hostel budget. Located on the edge of Korea Town at the intersection of Beverly Blvd and Western Ave. All rooms have 1 full-size memory foam mattress, a work table and a secure wall safe. The hostel features modern bathrooms, a print cafe with WiFi printer and AirPrint for your iphone or iPad, even a loaner laptop and a Keurig coffee maker a large selection, free WiFi in all rooms. $50 per night single occupant. (34.08278,-118.31639)  edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.063931465148926, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "USA Hostels, 1624 Schrader Blvd. (2 blocks from greyhound, or 5 blocks from metro off Hollywood Blvd.), ☎ 1-800-524-6783, [50] . The #1 rated hostel in Los Angeles (by hostelworld guests) in 2007 and 2005, USA Hostels is in the heart of Hollywood off Hollywood Blvd on a quiet side street. This 150-bed hostel offers female and mixed 6- and 8-bed dorms and private rooms, free all-you-can-make pancakes, free coffee and tea all day and free wireless internet. The hostel runs many free and discounted activities and tours and a free shuttle three times per week to Venice and Santa Monica beaches. Dorms from $30, private rooms from $90.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.861525535583496, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Hollywood Heights Hotel, 2005 N Highland Avenue, ☎ +1-323-876-8600, [52] . This boutique-style hotel is relaxed, comfortable, and uniquely personal with 160 rooms fitted with amenities including FACE cosmetics and flat-panel TVs. Starting in March 2012 this hotel will be rebranded as the Hilton Garden Inn. $99+.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.414298057556152, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Orange Drive Hostel, 1764 N Orange Drive, ☎ 323-850-0350, [53] . checkin: 3:00 PM; checkout: 10:00AM. Located in the heart of Hollywood, in the middle of all the action – a two minute walk to the World famous Chinese Theater, Walk of Fame, Views of the Hollywood Sign, transportation, the best nightlife, shopping and restaurants in Hollywood! This boutique hostel, originally built as a manor home in 1910, is known for it's historic Hollywood history. The hostel offers 4 to 6 bed dorm rooms and private rooms (en-suite rooms available) Free breakfast of waffles, pancakes, oatmeal, free tea, coffee and hot chocolate all day, free WiFi, free lockers, laundry facilities available, parking available. Dorms from $40, Private rooms from $86..   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.955909729003906, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "The Mondrian Hotel, 8440 Sunset Blvd, ☎ 1.877.477.8006, [56] . The Mondrian is a hip, sophisticated, West Hollywood hotspot. By day, the pool is a sea of beautiful people and by night, the same crowd fills the famous in-hotel restaurant Asia de Cuba, as well as the Sky Bar. Accommodations are luxurious. $395.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.716044425964355, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Loews Hollywood Hotel, 1755 N. Highland Avenue, ☎ +1-323-856-1200 (fax: +1-323-856-1205), [57] . This hotel has a stylish, modern hotel full of trendy charms such as contemporary art, a Zen garden, and an abstract lobby. Bright and vibrant colors are splashed around the rooms and accentuated with crisp white linens and bath products from Lather and Lather. Staff are multilingual and professional, and for a room with a view, pick one above the 10th floor. $300-420 (Doubles).   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.575364112854004, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "L.A.", "passage": "For almost a century, Hollywood has been a magnet for thousands of hopeful runaways from all over North America with big dreams and not much talent. They are inspired by the legends of movie stars who were discovered by accident (e.g., accompanying a friend to a movie set, working in factories, throwing tantrums in public, etc.) and went from zero to hero. Unfortunately, the vast majority of them immediately discover that they have no chance against the thousands of professionally-trained actors fighting for jobs in L.A.'s cutthroat labor market and end up joining the homeless on Hollywood's streets. Thus, if you visit Hollywood, be prepared to deal with many homeless people and the petty crimes they commit: pickpocketing, mugging, scamming, etc.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.958264350891113, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "A few internet cafés are dotted around town, but a better (and cheaper) option if you've got a laptop is to take advantage of the free wireless internet at the numerous coffee shops along and off of either Hollywood Blvd or Melrose Ave.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.397205352783203, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Caffe Etc, 6371 Selma Ave, ☎ +1 323 464-8824, [60] . Everyday, 7AM-11PM. Free wireless internet (if you've got a laptop), decent coffees and teas, and sandwiches and desserts to snack on.   edit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.368664741516113, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Downtown LA – Rapidly renovating, it's a great place for a meal or to catch a show at the Walt Disney Concert Hall and best of all, it's reachable by Metro.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.691908836364746, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Studio City – Among other attractions, offers perhaps the highest density of sushi restaurants in Los Angeles.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.096175193786621, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Writers: Charles Brackett, Billy Wilder, D.M. Marshman Jr. (screenplay)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.35270881652832, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Cast: William Holden, Gloria Swanson, Erich von Stroheim, Nancy Olson, Jack Webb, Cecil B. DeMille, Hedda Hopper, Buster Keaton, Anna Q. Nilsson, H.B. Warner, Fred Clark, Lloyd Gough, Franklyn Farnum, Larry J. Blake, Charles Dayton", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.845669746398926, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Call it Billy Wilder’s best; a cautionary tale of celebrity’s dangerous price; and Hollywood’s most daring, cynical and honest look at itself. Sunset Blvd. held such a controversial mirror up to the film industry that the original script had to be printed under the code name A Can of Beans. When MGM chief Louis B. Mayer saw the picture, he stormed out of the screening and screamed at Wilder, “You bastard! You have disgraced the industry that made you and fed you! You should be tarred and feathered and run out of Hollywood!” (A)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.598575592041016, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Perhaps Wilder had bitten the hand that fed him, but they were necessary bite marks. So often we see a glorified Hollywood with glamorous red carpets, deep wallets and adoring fans. Rarely do we get a glimpse into the price of fame, until that price has tragically been paid, marked by blood and the flashbulbs of a media circus.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.435698509216309, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "What lies between the glory and the fall? What happens mentally and emotionally to movie stars once they pass their prime and are rejected by the business that created them? What do they do as they’re relegated to spending day after day in the wide-open loneliness of their huge Beverly Hills mansions? This is precisely what Wilder captures in Sunset Blvd., the quintessential Hollywood movie and the quintessential anti-Hollywood movie, poignantly arriving at the tail-end of Hollywood’s Golden Age.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.448208808898926, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "A midnight funeral service for Norma’s pet monkey would have been most people’s cue to leave, but Gillis decides to stay when he’s offered to finish Norma’s script, Salome, based on the Oscar Wilde work. The two become partners: her chance for a comeback and his way of supporting himself. On the surface, it’s not a bad deal for Gillis. He’s given a room for free and treated to the best luxuries money can buy. As a suit salesman tells Gillis, “As long as the lady’s paying for it, why not take the Vicuna?”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.441421508789062, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "In love with Betty, Gillis is ready to leave his trap forever, but Norma’s suicidal tendencies guilt him into staying. Finally, Norma discovers the script he’s been working on, Untitled Love Story, and the thought of being replaced by a younger girl is enough to put Gillis face first into that pool.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.370753288269043, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "The beauty of the script is that it’s not a question of what’s going to happen, but how it’s going to happen. We know from the start that a big star has killed Gillis and we watch to see how it unfolds. For this out-of-order structure, Sunset Blvd. joins Citizen Kane (1941) and All About Eve (1950) as the three most important American scripts in pioneering the non-linear format that would eventually make Pulp Fiction (1994) possible.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.195904731750488, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "It was also one of the first scripts with a modern edge to it, a unique bite and a dark humor that showed Wilder years ahead of his time (perhaps made that way when his family was murdered in Nazi concentration camps). Above all, it was a testament to screenwriting itself, as Gillis says, “Audiences don’t know somebody sits down and writes a picture. They think the actors make it up as they go along.” Thus, the Writers Guilds’ ranked Sunset Blvd. the No. 7 Greatest Screenplay of All Time .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.923996925354004, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Still, the more you watch it, you settle in on the more obscure lines: “If ever there was a place to stash away a limping car with a hot license number;” “You don’t yell at a sleepwalker; he may fall and break his neck;” and “The poor dope! He always wanted a pool. Well, in the end, he got himself a pool; only the price turned out to be a little high.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.422405242919922, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "When you watch Sunset Blvd., you should really try to step back for a moment and imagine yourself the writer of the film. Could you come up with that many sizzling descriptions without sounding clunky? Better yet, could you have sculpted characters of this complexity, a premise this intriguing, a theme this powerful? Don’t feel bad. Few could ever write that well.  A screenwriting Oscar was the only suitable finale for Wilder and Charles Brackett, who made Sunset Blvd. their last collaboration after 14 years of sparkling scripts like Ninotchka (1939) and Ball of Fire (1941). (A)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.327491760253906, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Sharing a writing credit with D.M. Marshman Jr., Sunset Blvd. was inspired by an unsolved Hollywood case where silent-film director William Desmond Taylor, lover of actress Mabel Normand, was murdered in 1922. Combining their names, they got “Norma Desmond.” (E) More inspirational than this single case was the overall state of the film industry in 1950. Sound and Technicolor had ruptured many a career. As Norma says, “There was a time in this business when they had the eyes of the whole wide world. But that wasn’t good enough for them, oh no. They had to have the ears of the world, too. So they opened their big mouths and out came talk, talk, talk! … You’ll make a rope of words and strangle this business! But there’ll be a microphone there to catch the last gurgles, and Technicolor to photograph the red, swollen tongues!”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.55664348602295, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "For such a complex role, Wilder had originally wanted Mae West, who was canned after she wanted to rewrite her own lines. Silent queen Mary Pickford also declined the part, not wanting to look like a decaying star. From a historical standpoint, it may have been most interesting to see Pickford in the role, as she was the bigger star, the wife of Douglas Fairbanks and co-founder of United Artists. But from a performance standpoint, I can’t imagine anyone other than Swanson; the decadent way she moves, the delayed manner in which she speaks, the delusional eyes and the fear hidden just beneath the surface.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.259435653686523, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "I suppose some may be annoyed by her “feverish” over-the-top show. Scholar David Thomson says it “provides a telling study in the way mime had so trained actors and actresses that when sound arrived they could not stop shouting.” (C) To me, the performance works despite its trained forcefulness, though my affection may stem from the fact that Desmond recalls more than one drama teacher from my own past. Fan or not, it’s a performance for the history books. Premiere magazine voted Norma Desmond the No. 31 Greatest Movie Character of All Time and Swanson’s the #69 Greatest Performance of All Time.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.998811721801758, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Shame on Pickford, who didn’t have the guts to play it. And bravo to Swanson, who knew when she took the role that it would be a mockery of everything she had once been: Hollywood’s highest paid actress before retiring in 1934 and attempting a comeback in 1941. (C) She knew that with this new role she would go down as one of cinema’s greatest movie monsters, a pathetic creature trying to look young while she was so old, with all that makeup, all those outfits and all those skin treatments on her face. (D)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.333413124084473, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "With nothing to lose, she divorced her husband, moved to Hollywood, played the part, and gained her first Oscar nomination in 21 years. When she lost to newcomer Judy Holliday’s spectacular debut in Born Yesterday (1950), Swanson reportedly said, “Why couldn’t you have waited till next year?” (G)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.248510360717773, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Co-star Nancy Olson called him the “lynchpin” of the film, his swagger the only that could have pulled off Wilder’s attitude in 1950. Itt says something that two of the WGA’s Top 10 Screenplays starred Holden. When he won his Oscar for Stalag 17 (1953), he need only take the stage, say “Thank you,” and leave, for he had already left a string of slick lines on screen.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.301424980163574, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Thus, most people haven’t the films he made, but rather the ones he acted in later in his career, masterpieces like Renoir’s La Grande Illusion (1937) and, yes, Sunset Blvd. His casting as Norma’s enabler Max was obviously inspired by the fact that he had actually directed Swanson in those real-life silent pictures. How wonderfully cruel of Wilder to make both Von Stroheim and Swanson watch a scene from their unfinished, silent-era bust Queen Kelly (1928), which never was released in the U.S. and lost both of them tons of money as co-producers. While shooting Kelly, Swanson reportedly called her lover and co-producer Joe Kennedy (father of JFK) and said you’ve got to come out here, there’s a madman directing this picture! (F)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.826959609985352, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "While Swanson and von Stroheim played shades of their former selves, we also get a cast of familiar faces playing themselves in cameo appearances. Most memorably is Cecil B. DeMille as the famous Paramount director, the Spielberg of his day, in the middle of shooting Samson and Delilah (1949).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.221487998962402, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "You’ll also see a whole slew of silent stars when Norma invites her old friends over for a game of bridge. There’s the indelible Buster Keaton of Sherlock Jr. (1924) and The General (1927) fame; Anna Q. Nilsson, Babe Ruth’s co-star in The Babe Comes Home (1927); and H.B. Warner, Swanson’s co-star in Zaza (1923), DeMille’s choice for Christ in King of Kings (1927) and Mr. Gower in It’s a Wonderful Life (1946). Gillis calls them “the wax works,” frozen figures of a bygone era, who could just as easily inhabit Madame Tussaud’s.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.152606964111328, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "There’s even a scene where Gloria Swanson does her best Charlie Chaplin impression. It’s yet another display of Norma Desmond stuck in the silent era.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.175537109375, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "How appropriate that this tale of Hollywood wax figures be scored by a fellow named Waxman? After getting his first break as an orchestrator on The Blue Angel (1930) in Germany, Waxman joined his good friend Wilder in escaping Hitler and moving to Hollywood. There, Waxman exploded with his score for Bride of Frankenstein (1935), leading up to Sunset Blvd., which earned his first of two Oscars in a row, followed by A Place in the Sun (1951), making him the first in history to do so.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.42272663116455, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "His score for Sunset Blvd. gives a bee bop motif to Gillis, a tango for Norma (that symbolically deteriorates as the film progresses), even a waltz parody of “Paramount on Parade” in the love scene between Gillis and Schaefer on the Paramount lot. (F) Voted #16 on AFI’s Top 25 Movie Scores , Waxman’s strings provide the crucial eerie emptiness, and you can see why Hitchcock recruited Waxman a handful of times, particularly on Rebecca (1940), where Waxman’s music traps Mrs. Danvers in Manderley the same way they do Ms. Desmond in her estate.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.74163818359375, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "If Waxman’s score lays the foundation for that emptiness, it’s physically realized by the Oscar-winning Set Direction. The derelict mansion is the former home of J. Paul Getty, located at the corner of Irving and Wilshire. It was used again in the finale of Rebel Without a Cause (1955), where James Dean, Natalie Wood and Sal Mineo walk around a drained pool where once William Holden floated.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.949981689453125, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Critic Kim Newman says the Desmond mansion “evokes the lair of the Phantom of the Opera and Kane’s Xanadu, a huge close-up of white-gloved hands playing a wheezy pipe organ.” (D)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.297730445861816, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Connecting each and every room are doors without doorknobs, replaced by circular cut outs to prevent Norma from locking herself in a room and slitting her wrists. This woman must be deprived of the knobs, for she doesn’t even have a handle on her own sanity.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.49226188659668, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Billy Wilder was clearly one of the best writer-directors of all time, though he leaned more on his writing than directing. While he won an Oscar for his script, he lost Best Director to All About Eve’s Joseph Mankiewicz.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.489856719970703, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "A slightly different example comes from Holden’s introduction. The script describes corpses talking to each other in a morgue, but when preview audiences laughed, the studio insisted it be changed. Thus, it was Wilder the director who created a superior alternative: an underwater shot looking up at Holden’s floating body. In truth, the shot was actually done from above, looking down at a reflecting mirror at the bottom of the pool.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.359724044799805, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "I also must take issue with Thomson’s notion that Wilder “outlines characters on paper — in dialogue, setting and situation — rather than in revealed behavior.” Your honor, I present the scene by the pool, where Norma dries off Gillis by wrapping a towel around his neck, right next to his future watery grave. (E)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.386180877685547, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Later, after Norma’s wrist cutting, Wilder shows her bandaged wrists in the foreground, as Holden crosses the room and speaks to Norma, shown only in a mirror, a reflection of her former self. Wilder then dollies with Holden as he kisses Norma on the forehead, sealing his fate with a kiss.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.339376449584961, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The “watching eyes” theme returns in a later scene, where Norma says, “I wouldn’t let you [leave me for another girl].” As she exits through a pair of giant double doors, Wilder dollies in on the doorknob cutouts. The light switches off, creating the effect of two eyes watching.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.302062034606934, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Wilder’s final touch of genius comes in his slow-motion finale. The choice to shoot in slow-mo echoes Gillis’ description of the mansion being “stricken with a kind of creeping paralysis, out of beat with the rest of the world, crumbling apart in slow motion.” Surface-level emotion and deeply-layered themes collide as Norma makes her final cascade down the staircase, enfolded in her own dream, playing the role of princess to what she thinks are Max’s film cameras, when really they are newsreel devices documenting her demise.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.209245681762695, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The thematic implications are intense, as a former director (Max/Von Stroheim) directs his former star (Norma/Swanson) one last time, only now it’s a charade for the media with his beloved star headed to jail. Norma may say, “I’m ready for my close-up,” but Wilder doesn’t afford her that privilege, cutting instead to a long shot. (D) She fights for it nonetheless, approaching the camera to Waxman’s chilling strings, fingers awkwardly extended, grasping for an audience tragically out of her reach.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.381982803344727, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "In Robert Altman’s The Player (1992), a Hollywood producer (Tim Robbins) answers a phone call from someone who identifies himself as Joe Gillis. Mill asks his colleagues, “Anybody know who Joe Gillis is?” It’s a sad commentary on how many of today’s filmmakers don’t know the legends that created their business.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.381359100341797, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Finally, David Lynch borrowed his street title and Hollywood themes for Mulholland Dr. (2001).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.921086311340332, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "How has Sunset Blvd. grown in stature since its release? In 1950, it couldn’t escape comparison to  All About Eve (1950), both exposing the dark sides of their respective businesses: stage and screen. When it came time for the Academy Awards, Eve beat Sunset for both Best Picture and Best Director. Today, however, Sunset Blvd. has gotten its revenge, ranking No. 16 on AFI’s Top 100 Films , a full 11 spots higher than Eve. Wilder’s masterpiece appears on just about every best list known to man, including Entertainment Weekly (No. 28), Village Voice (No. 45) and TV Guide (No. 16). The film has found appeal among the masses (8.6 on IMDB ) and filmmakers (No. 12 in the 2002 Sight & Sound Directors Poll).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.413649559020996, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The reason is that Sunset Blvd. is timeless, its themes just as relevant today as they were in 1950. Only now, fame’s double-edge sword has the sheen of a 24-7 media microscope. Is Norma’s pet monkey any different than Michael Jackson’s pet chimp Bubbles? Is her estate not its own Neverland Ranch? I share the sentiments of an astute IMDB poster who wondered how many stars there are today, sitting in their own decaying mansions, watching their old films on Turner Classic and fooling themselves that they are still stars?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.029928207397461, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) | The Film Spectrum" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.534748077392578, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "A hack screenwriter writes a screenplay for a former silent-film star who has faded into Hollywood obscurity.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.440173149108887, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "In Casablanca, Morocco in December 1941, a cynical American expatriate meets a former lover, with unforeseen complications.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.992985725402832, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "After refusing to attack an enemy position, a general accuses the soldiers of cowardice and their commanding officer must defend them.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.517051696777344, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Blvd. (1950) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Having won a Tony Award, Drama Desk Award, Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Award and Dramalogue Award for her portrayal of Norma on Broadway, Glenn Close now reprises this thrilling role for London audiences. Directed by Lonny Price (Sweeney Todd), this dazzling semi-staged production is based on the original film by Billy Wilder and features the full ENO orchestra on stage alongside the cast.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.624947547912598, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "33 St Martin's Lane, Westminster, London", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.259953498840332, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "33 St Martin's Lane, Westminster, London", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.259953498840332, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Latest customer reviews", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.530220031738281, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Spectacular", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.270606994628906, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Spectacular performance by Glenn Close & the cast in a stunning theatre .The 48 strong onstage orchestra was the cherry on the cake !", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.238346099853516, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Magnificent show Glen Close was just wonderfull. The orchestration was the most sumptuous and the leading man am absolute dish. The rest of the cast was stella and the staging great. I think you csn see I loved it. Best thing I've seen for years.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.411834716796875, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Fabulous! Ria Jones was espectacular!!! And the live orchestra, scenography and music were outstanding!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.50831127166748, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "So much promise but the reality was so disappointing. The on stage band swamped the singers. The sound was out of balance in our seat 6 rows back. The emsembles needed more togetherness and audibility", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.468647003173828, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Technically excellent and I loved the spectacle of the orchestra also being on stage, and how the sets/players wrapped round them. Less keen on the unrelenting Lloyd Webber tunes with sparse dialogue. I'm not always the greatest fan of musicals apart from Chess and Betty Blue Eyes and I would have liked the odd rest from the Home Counties music catalogue.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.39040470123291, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Miss Glenn Close is phenomenal in the role most would claim belongs to her. Miss Close captured everything a performance should. She was witty, dramatic, charming, sad and a skilled singer. Her vocal technique was impressive, and when her vocal strength (limited by age) might have been more powerful, miss Close made up for it in vocal ability and masterful acting. The entire production was very professional, and the cast did a great job. The musical lacks a certain depth, and it misses better lyrics to good melodies; however, none of the songs are exceptionally memorable. It was a night to remember. Seeing one of the greatest actresses on stage was fantastic.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.496320724487305, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "I wouldn't recommend this show to anybody. My companions and I considered leaving during the interval but decided to remain. The second half was better than the first but the show lacked verve and suffered from a monotonous musicality. It didn't stir the soul.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.420660018920898, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "My partner and I saw the fabulous Glenn Close last night she performed still ill and what an experience,she was amazing so moving I lived it and am so pleased we got to see it. The whole cast is great it's a great story lived it.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.045978546142578, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Please let me start by saying Ria Jones was amazing, truly amazing. I felt like that woman had been practising the role of Norma Desmond in the bathroom mirror since she was three. She clearly enjoyed every second, and good on her because she was incredible, a 5-star performance. However, you and I both know the reason we bought those tickets... Honestly, I couldn't really give two hoots about the play. I wanted to see Glenn Close in the flesh. People get sick, that's completely forgiveable, but what really niggled me was the hypocrisy and passive aggressiveness of the theatre company. They were happy to plaster Glenn Close's face and name over every piece of marketing for the play, \"come and see Glenn Close in...\", but when she called in sick, they made it all about the play to suit them; \"you bought tickets to see Sunset Boulevard, and that is what you shall see\". We had no notification of Glenn's absence until we showed up at the theatre and were greeted with passive-aggressive posters hung on the doors reading \"due to Glenn Close being indisposed, Ria Jones will play the role of Norma Desmond. REFUNDS OR EXCHANGES NOT AVAILABLE\". Right... Cheers guys. Really well-handled. Way to treat your customers who'd forked out £100 each on tickets. a wee discount would've been very much appreciated.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.816315650939941, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Better than our expectations. Blown away by it all! Laughed and cried. An emotional roller coaster. Exhausted by the end , but happily so !", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.375456809997559, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "I loved it ! The music was hauntingly beautiful and Glenn Close was brilliant .She has great stage prescence. My friend who was with me saw it last time with an amazing set , I would have loved to have seen that ! The orchestra were excellent !", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.12581729888916, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The reason I and most people have booked to see this is for Glenn Close but she was sick for the 3 show in a row. The understudy Ria Jones was an absolute sensation BUT I still would have loved to see Close. Still semi staged but more staged than Sweeny Todd. The cast from Dillion to Xavier were top notch. A theatrical experience like no other. Contemplating booking again before it ends - SUPERB", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.255075454711914, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "So disappointed that we were unable to get to see Glen Close last nght. Ria Jones's performance was great and she deserved the reviews but we paid specifically to see Glen Close and paid a premium price for the privilege. If this had happened on Broadway, my understanding is that we would have been offered a refund. Not here in the uk! Brits need to emulate the US way in this respect.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.419774055480957, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "having booked this show back in November last year for our wedding anniversary April 21st 2016, I was gutted that Glenn Close was indisposed and was not able to go on stage as Norma Desmond. Her stand in was a good singer but no way the fading star which I had hoped to see as portrayed by Miss Close. Had we known earlier in the day we would have applied for a refund. We came all the way from Edinburgh especially for the show. Cant you let folk know by e mail as I booked on line? Elizabeth Malcolm Edinburgh", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.143814086914062, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "If like me you booked to see Glenn Close and paid over £80 to do so you would probably be very disappointed that she didn't show up. Requests for refunds were turned down so there was no option but to leave or stay and watch an unknown (to me anyway) in the role. The show itself was OK and the cast were mostly very good. There was no lavish scenery as in previous productions of the show. The orchestra was on stage with gantries built for the performers to make use of. It worked nicely! I would probably have marked this show higher but without the star (who we'd paid a lot of money to see) it was in ways a let down from that point of view.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.429924011230469, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "I went on 21st April - the performance started late with an announcement that Ms Close was indisposed and would be replaced by an understudy. She stepped in at short notice but in my view gave such an unsubtle and un-nuanced performance that I left at the interval. By accident or design the lights were dimmed immediately after the understudy was announced so I couldn't easily or politely leave before then as I was seated in a narrow row high up in the balcony. I asked the Colliseum about a refund or voucher but they say they have been told by the theatre company concerned not to provide this - pretty shoddy when Ms Close features so prominently in their advertising showing they understand her performance is the main reason for many people, like me, booking a ticket. People can't help getting ill but surely companies insureagainst this eventuality ?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.037103652954102, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Cast were amazing. Massively underwhelmed with the amateur set. This is one of the finest musicals ever and deserves every effect to make it spectacular. This joke of a set ruined what should have been a magical production. What were the producers thinking...?? Apart from saving money. Since when did Norma Desmond live on an iron staircase and rickety bridge? Gutted.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.344947814941406, "source": "search", "title": "Sunset Boulevard tickets - London | From The Box Office" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "The best-known song about Hollywood was introduced in the Busby Berkeley-directed 1937 film Hollywood Hotel. Since then it has become the unofficial anthem for the movie capital of the world, and is even played at the annual Academy Awards ceremonies.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.982362747192383, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Hollywood was founded as an independent city in 1903 and voted to merge with the City of Los Angeles in 1910. That same year also saw the birth of the Southern California motion picture industry when D. W. Griffith relocated his Biograph Company, sparking a westward migration of East Coast filmmakers. As movies exploded in popularity in the 1910s and 20s, the name Hollywood became synonymous with the film industry.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.49435806274414, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "The other major studios are located to the north in the San Fernando Valley , particularly in Universal City (NBC, Universal), Burbank (ABC, Disney, Warner Bros.), and Glendale (DreamWorks). Most of the rest are to the west: Century City (Fox, MGM), the Fairfax District (CBS), and Culver City (Sony). Many of the studios offer tours if you want to see where films are shot.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.434419631958008, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "If you want to see celebrities, pack your patience or be prepared to play the role of boulevardier. The chances of bumping into a celebrity are very low (mainly because most of the celebrities who live in Hollywood usually do not go out in public) unless you're willing to do a lot of hanging out at expensive restaurants in West Hollywood , Beverly Hills , or in Malibu . You can easily see where they live by taking a tour or buying a star map.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.88118839263916, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Hollywood is close enough to the Westside to make car trips there relatively easy. If you're beginning your trip in Downtown Los Angeles—the proverbial center of Southern California's intricate freeway network—you can head north on U.S. Highway 101 and exit on Hollywood Blvd or Gower Street. If traffic is a problem (and it will be around the hours of 1PM-6PM), consider an alternate route such as one of the surface streets. From the west, Santa Monica Boulevard is a major thoroughfare that links Hollywood with Beverly Hills and Santa Monica .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.154629707336426, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Hollywood's location is central to most other popular attractions. Metro's Red Line subway service stops at Hollywood/Vine and Hollywood/Highland, and is the most direct transit connection to Downtown . It also continues north to its terminus in North Hollywood , with a stop in Universal City . Visitors from Orange County can get to Hollywood by taking Amtrak's Pacific Surfliner or Metrolink's Orange County Line to Los Angeles Union Station and then transferring to the Red Line.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.669157981872559, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Long-distance bus service is not available into Hollywood. If taking Greyhound, the best option now is to take one to the station in North Hollywood, then catch the Metro Red Line.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.370966911315918, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "By plane[ edit ]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.391523361206055, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Hollywood is served by Los Angeles International Airport ( IATA : LAX) or the slightly closer Bob Hope Airport ( IATA : BUR) in Burbank . A direct scheduled shuttle service from LAX is provided by LAXFlyAway for $8 per person, and stops on the northeast corner of Selma and Argyle Avenues, one block southeast of Hollywood and Vine. Metro operates a free shuttle between Bob Hope Airport and the North Hollywood Metro station, where you can ride the Red Line subway into Hollywood.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.653397560119629, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Hollywood is the place for film and TV series tourism . If you're lucky, you can see a taping of a TV show; most of America's sitcoms, game shows, and quite a few of its talk shows are taped at any one of the major studios in the Hollywood area (quite a few dramas are filmed in these studios as well, but since they tend not to be filmed before a live studio audience, your chances of getting to see one of those live are virtually nil). Nearby Studio City , Burbank , Century City , Fairfax , and Culver City hold the most prominent studios, but in Hollywood proper, Paramount Studios is the filming location of many sitcoms and Dr. Phil, Hollywood Center Studios provides production facilities for Disney and Comedy Central, among others (@Midnight is a big draw these days), and Jimmy Kimmel Live! broadcasts from a complex adjacent to the El Capitan Theatre. In general, you'll have to call or go to the website of the show itself to get tickets.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.558695793151855, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.134103 -118.321694 1 Hollywood Sign . Hollywood's most recognizable landmark is easy to spot high up on Mount Lee in nearby Griffith Park . You can drive part way up for a closer look, but you can't hike all the way to the sign. The best viewpoints of the sign are from the Griffith Observatory in Griffith Park, on Mulholland Drive above the Hollywood Bowl, and from the Hollywood and Highland Center.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.925899505615234, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.1014 -118.34496666667 2 Hollywood Walk of Fame , along Hollywood Blvd btwn La Brea Ave and Gower St, and along Vine St btwn Sunset Blvd and Yucca St. The Hollywood Walk of Fame consists of a series of stars embedded in the sidewalk to commemorate famous movie, radio, theatre, and TV personalities. Since 1960, over two thousand stars have been immortalized; the schedule for upcoming star ceremonies is listed on the Walk of Fame's website.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.496733665466309, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "34.1031 -118.326 3 Capitol Records Building (Capitol Studios), 1750 Vine St (between Hollywood Blvd and Yucca St). One of the most iconic buildings in Los Angeles. The circular tower—which contrary to popular belief was not intentionally designed to resemble a stack of records—is home to Capitol Records' west coast operations. Contained inside the building are the renowned Capitol Studios. Unfortunately, tours of the inside are no longer offered to the general public.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.376983642578125, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "34.088889 -118.319444 6 Hollywood Forever Cemetery , 6000 Santa Monica Blvd,  ☎ +1 323 469-1181 . Grounds open daily 8AM-5PM. Dating back to 1899, this beautiful cemetery is one of Los Angeles' oldest and is the final resting place for hundreds of film stars, directors, writers, and other influential figures from the entertainment industry. Johnny Ramone, Cecil B. DeMille, Mel Blanc, Peter Lorre, Mickey Rooney, and Bugsy Siegel are but a few of the famous names you'll see here. Interactive kiosks located throughout the cemetery play short documentaries about those interned here, making it a great place to learn about Hollywood's early history. The cemetery also often holds events, including regular movie screenings (see below under Do) in the summer. Free.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.761889457702637, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "34.102708333333 -118.34013888889 8 Dolby Theatre (formerly the Kodak Theatre), 6801 Hollywood Blvd,  ☎ +1 323 308-6300 . Check schedule for events; tours daily every half hour 10:30AM-4PM. Located at the Hollywood & Highland Center (see \"Buy\" below). Hosts a wide range of live performances, including the annual Academy Awards. Half hour guided tours of the theater are available. Tours $19 adults, $15 seniors/youth 17 and under.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.012243270874023, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.101331 -118.339818 10 El Capitan Theatre ,  ☎ +1-800-347-6396 . Check website for screening times. A lavish movie palace dating from 1926, which hosted the Hollywood premieres of many films, most notably Citizen Kane. These days it's owned by Disney, and hosts the premieres of many Disney feature films.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.31023120880127, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.101944444444 -118.34097222222 11 Grauman's Chinese Theatre , 6925 Hollywood Blvd,  ☎ +1 323 464-8111 . The most famous movie theater in the world, Grauman's Chinese Theatre opened in 1927 and is home to the cement footprints, handprints, and (in some cases) otherprints of many of history's most famous movie stars. The theater is also a former home of the Oscars, and today hosts many movie premieres. The forecourt that showcases the star's prints is free to all visitors. Half-hour guided tours of the theater are available. Screenings $12-$16; tours $13.50 adults, $11.50 seniors, $6.50 children.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.87528133392334, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.1085 -118.336 13 Hollywood Heritage Museum , 2100 N. Highland Ave (across from the Hollywood Bowl),  ☎ +1 323 874-4005 . Sa-Su noon-4PM. Housed in the Lasky-DeMille Barn, which was built in 1901 and served as one of Hollywood's first film studios (Cecil B. DeMille had an office in this building) before being moved to its current site, this museum has a collection of photographs and memorabilia from old Hollywood. $7 adults, free for children under 12.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.920364379882812, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "34.1011 -118.3384 14 Hollywood Museum , 1660 N Highland Ave (at Hollywood Blvd),  ☎ +1 323 464-7776 . W-Su 10AM-5PM. Countless pieces of memorabilia from films and Hollywood stars of old, housed in a beautiful Art Deco building that was the home of the business of Max Factor, \"the Make-up King\" of Hollywood. $15 adults, $12 seniors/students, $5 children ages 5 and under.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.229310035705566, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "34.095944 -118.33 16 Los Angeles Fire Department Hollywood Museum , 1355 N Caheunga Blvd,  ☎ +1 323 464-2727 . Sa 10AM-4PM. This museum is in the old Los Angeles City Fire Station 27, opened in 1930. It is fully restored to how it appeared in 1930 and contains a historic fire apparatus. Free.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.163055419921875, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.1019 -118.3415 17 Madame Tussauds Hollywood , 6933 Hollywood Blvd (at Orange Drive),  ☎ +1-866-841-3315 . Opens daily at 10AM; closing times vary by season, check website. The Hollywood location of the popular chain of wax figure museums, with numerous wax replicas of Hollywood celebrities. $29.95 adults, $22.95 children (discount if purchased online).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.122923851013184, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "34.101353 -118.338445 18 Ripley's Believe it or Not , 6780 Hollywood Blvd,  ☎ +1 323 466-6335 . Daily 10AM-midnight. A museum that focuses on the odd, the unusual and the unbelievable. Features interactive illusions and a gallery. $17.99 adults, $11.99 children; discount if purchased online. (updated Apr 2015)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.229802131652832, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.101808 -118.321177 19 Museum of Death , 6031 Hollywood Blvd.,  ☎ +1 323 466-8011 . Su-Th 11AM-8PM, F 11AM-9PM, Sa 11AM-10PM. A museum that was founded, according to its website, to \"fill the void in death education in the USA.\" The collection includes such items as serial killer artwork, crime scene photos, replicas of execution devices, and a coffin collection. The self-guided tour lasts approximately an hour, \"but those who can stomach it may stay as long as they'd like.\" There is no age limit but the museum is recommended for mature audiences. $15.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.329940795898438, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Throughout the year, but particularly on summer weekends, those visiting the most popular tourist sites will inevitably be bombarded by people on the street offering tours to see Hollywood and the stars' homes. While most of these tours are offered by reputable businesses, news investigations have revealed many disreputable operators that lack licenses, permits, working seat belts, and sometimes even fabricate their information about Hollywood history and where movie stars live. If you choose to see Hollywood from a tour bus, be sure to do some research in advance to ensure you are traveling with a reputable operator.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.256404876708984, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "34.112777777778 -118.33888888889 1 Hollywood Bowl , 2301 N Highland Ave,  ☎ +1 323 426-2829 . America's most famous outdoor theatre hosts a summer concert series by the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra, a spectacular Fourth of July fireworks show set to classical music, as well as numerous other concert events. Traffic and parking can be a nightmare, so the $5 round-trip public shuttles are highly recommended.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.098423957824707, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "34.11669 -118.34355 2 Mulholland Drive, Mulholland Drive (from Hollywood, take Cahuenga Blvd or Laurel Canyon Blvd north to Mulholland Dr). If you have a car, it is worth driving up to Mulholland Drive. The main attraction is the incredible views from the Hollywood Hills across Los Angeles and San Fernando Valley, with plenty of overlooks available to stop and enjoy, but it's also worth visiting to ogle the impressive (and expensive) residences that line the route.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.81749439239502, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.089097 -118.318775 3 Cemetery Movie Screenings , Hollywood Forever Cemetery, 6000 Santa Monica Blvd, e-mail: [email protected] . Saturdays at 7PM, May–September. The Cinespia film society screens creepy older movies every Saturday during the summer on the Fairbanks Lawn in the Hollywood Forever Cemetery. Crowds can be huge, so arrive prior to gates opening if you want a good vantage point. Most people bring a picnic dinner, a drink (wine or beer allowed, no spirits), blanket, pillow (or low chair) and jacket. A DJ plays music prior to the showing to create a fun outdoor atmosphere. Tickets (including parking) often sell out and should therefore be purchased in advance through the Cinespia web site. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.878971099853516, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.11403 -118.33436 6 Ford Theatre , 2580 Cahuenga Blvd E,  ☎ +1 323 461-3673 . An intimate outdoor amphitheater that dates back to the 1930s and recently underwent an extensive renovation. The theater is partnered with the county arts commission and regularly hosts community theater productions. (updated Jul 2016)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.192830085754395, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "L.A.", "passage": "34.1019 -118.326 7 Pantages Theatre , 6233 Hollywood Blvd (one block east of Vine St),  ☎ +1 323 468-1770 . A historic Art Deco theater dating back to 1930 which today serves as L.A.'s primary venue for Broadway musicals.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.022252082824707, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "34.10546 -118.31883 8 Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre , 5919 Franklin Ave,  ☎ +1 323 908-8702 . The L.A. branch of the popular improv and experimental comedy troupe that have cultivated some of the best comics in the industry today. Regularly shows some well-known acts as well as plenty of up-and-comers. (updated Jul 2016)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.361711502075195, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Hollywood Blvd has countless urban clothing stores. Walk around and find stores with the latest LNG, Phat Farm, Timberland, Sean John, and many more. Melrose Avenue is the to go to place to feel like a star. Start by browsing through vintage clothing stores to maxing out the credit card at chic boutiques.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.738778114318848, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.097753 -118.329168 1 Amoeba Music , 6400 W Sunset Blvd,  ☎ +1 323 245-6400 . M-Sa 10:30AM-11PM, Su 11AM-9PM. The country's largest independent music store, Amoeba has three locations including Hollywood, Berkeley and San Francisco . Prices are slightly higher than at the discount stores, but the selection is enormous and just about any obscure record you could imagine is to be found somewhere on the shelves. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.583024024963379, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "34.101749 -118.337507 2 Frederick's of Hollywood , 6751 Hollywood Blvd,  ☎ +1 323 957-5953 . M-Sa 10AM-9PM, Su 11AM-7PM. During the golden years of Hollywood, all the superstars were wearing Fredericks, from Greta Garbo to Mae West to Marilyn Monroe. Today, the store is a lot less polished but still a good place to pick up glamorous lingerie. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.959238052368164, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.098293 -118.338196 3 IPED Foot Spa, 6767 W Sunset Blvd Suite 22 (at Highland),  ☎ +1 323 466-1038 . 11AM-10PM daily. If you are tired of walking a long day in Hollywood. Iped offers 1 hour foot massage for as less as $25. 25+. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.088525772094727, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Hollywood and Highland Center", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.316811561584473, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.1024 -118.339 4 Hollywood and Highland Center , 6801 Hollywood Blvd,  ☎ +1 323 467-6412 . M-Sa 10AM-10PM, Su 10AM-7PM. Something of an attraction in its own right, this massive shopping complex is the home of the Dolby Theatre (where the Oscars are held) and adjacent to Grauman's Chinese Theatre. The streetfront facing Hollywood Blvd is lined with giant advertisements and LED signs, making it seem like a miniature Times Square, and within it has monumental Babylon-themed architecture based on the sets of D.W. Griffith’s 1916 film Intolerance. Its four levels hold a food court and numerous retail chains, and since its construction it has become the location of most tourist-oriented services in Hollywood, like bus tours and information centers.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.498845100402832, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.098222 -118.341672 1 In-N-Out Burger , 7009 W Sunset Blvd. Su-Th 8AM-1AM, F-Sa 8AM-1:30AM. This hugely popular Southern California burger chain has a surprisingly basic menu, but serves up some of the most popular burgers around, and does burgers well. In-N-Out has a \"secret menu,\" which was spread by word of mouth before the internet was around. Today it's listed on the company's website, but the secret menu is not listed on menus on-site. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.844223976135254, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.101486 -118.31835 2 Palms Thai Restaurant , 5900 Hollywood Blvd,  ☎ +1 323 462-5073 . Su-Th 11AM-midnight, F-Sa 11AM-2AM. Home of the infamous Thai Elvis, who will serenade you through dinner. The decor is authentically cheesy and Elvis sings the hits. While plain dishes such as fried rice or pad Thai are nothing to write home about, the curries (duck and panang), pad prik king, and anything off the \"wild things\" menu are excellent choices. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.310770988464355, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.105411 -118.323841 3 101 Coffee Shop , 6145 Franklin Ave (at Vista Del Mar Ave),  ☎ +1 323 467-1175 . 7AM-3AM daily. Previously known as the Hollywood Hills Coffee Shop, this place has been popular for years, and the new owners have only improved it. Great selection of sandwiches, burgers, sweet potato French fries, coffee and tea. It's not unheard of to spot celebs here. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.210368156433105, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.092347 -118.338775 4 Ammo , 1155 N Highland Ave,  ☎ +1 323 871-2666 . Lunch: M-F 11:30AM-2:30PM; brunch: Sa-Su 10AM-2:30PM; dinner: M-Th 6AM-10PM, F-Sa 5:30PM-11PM, Su 5PM-9PM. Great for lunch or dinner, excellent and fashionable food. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.160137176513672, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.098197 -118.353777 5 Cheebo , 7533 W Sunset Blvd,  ☎ +1 323 850-7070 . 8AM-11PM daily. Everyone loves the Cheeb! A play on \"cibo\" (Italian for food), this place has great and creative food and a fun atmosphere. All-day breakfasts, excellent sandwiches, salads, pizzas by the foot and nice dinners to boot. Eat here for breakfast and you'll be back for lunch. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.60367488861084, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.097866 -118.36221 6 The Griddle Café , 7916 W Sunset Blvd (east of Fairfax Ave),  ☎ +1 323 874-0377 . M-F 7AM-4PM, Sa-Su 8AM-4PM. The Griddle Café is the best breakfast experience in LA. It features pages of every type of pancake you can imagine, which also happen to be twice as large as any pancake you've ever had, and still manage to be fluffy-thick and light on the tummy. Coffee is fresh, in a French press, and the menu features more than just breakfast. Short story: Food is awesome, service is great, but its always crowded. Don't worry though, they serve fast and you will feel the wait is worth it. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.361194610595703, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.100856 -118.338454 7 Mel's Drive-In , 1660 N Highland Ave,  ☎ +1 323 465-3111 . Su-Th 6:30AM-3AM, F-Sa 24 hrs. Come here for traditional diner fare: cheeseburgers, French fries, and milkshakes. Part of the chain that opened in San Francisco in the late '40s. There is another location on the Sunset Strip in West Hollywood . ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.690885543823242, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.101784 -118.33539 8 Musso and Frank Grill , 6667 Hollywood Blvd,  ☎ +1 323 467-7788 . Tu-Sa 11AM-11PM. For a taste of old Hollywood, this is the place. It's been famous for generations. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.282031059265137, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "34.102051 -118.321824 9 Sushi Ike, 6051 Hollywood Blvd (in a mini-mall on the corner of Gower),  ☎ +1 323 856-9972 . Lunch: M-F noon-2:30PM; dinner: M-Sa 5:30PM-10PM. A small and moderately-priced authentic Japanese restaurant with a great sushi bar and friendly chefs--one of the best this side of the 101. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.297940254211426, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.101498 -118.326944 11 Katsuya , 6300 Hollywood Blvd (at Vine St),  ☎ +1 323 871-8777 . Lunch: M-F 11:30AM-2:30PM; dinner: Su-Th 5:30PM-11PM, F-Sa 5:30PM-midnight. The newest restaurant from acclaimed chef Katsuya Uechi, designed by Philippe Starck. Mouth-watering Japanese menu, destined to be a new Hollywood institution. His other restaurants around the LA area are rated as some of the best in the city. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.822185516357422, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.101343 -118.341087 12 ceFiore , 6922 Hollywood Blvd #107,  ☎ +1 323 465-9097 . 11AM-11PM daily. Right across the street from Grauman's Chinese Theatre you'll find one of LA's best places for tart Italian non-fat frozen yogurt and yogurt smoothies. Choose from 4 different frozen yogurt flavors: Original, Blackberry, Raspberry-Pomogranate, and Green Tea, along with a wide variety of fresh fruits and dry toppings. They also offer smoothies, herbal teas, and coffees. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.183426856994629, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.101466 -118.327698 1 The Juice Fountain, 6332 Hollywood Blvd (between Ivar and Vine),  ☎ +1 323 464-8986 . M-F 8AM-5PM, Sa-Su 10AM-4PM. One of the best juice places in LA, it recently moved from its old location on Vine St. The juices are fresh and delicious, and its run by a sweet Hispanic family. Don't mess with the grandma! $3-5. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.269429206848145, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.101258 -118.34183 2 Roosevelt Hotel Lounge , 7000 Hollywood Blvd (across the street from Grauman's Chinese Theatre),  ☎ +1 323 466-7000 , e-mail: [email protected] . The lounge in this historic hotel is an upscale hotspot where one is likely to find Hollywood elite enjoying cocktails on weekdays, and a hipster party scene on weekends. Plenty of leather couches, candles, and a classy staff provides a sense of how the \"other half\" lives. Expect Hollywood prices to go along with the Hollywood atmosphere. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.80960464477539, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.102173 -118.338448 3 Power House, 1714 N Highland Ave,  ☎ +1 323 463-9438 . M-Sa noon-2AM, Su 10AM-2AM. One of the most laid back and relaxed bars in town, head here for cheap beer, darts and classic rock. Come as you are, and you will be glad you're here. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.319924354553223, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "34.098652 -118.325389 5 The Well , 6255 W Sunset Blvd,  ☎ +1 323 467-9355 . 5PM-2AM daily. Make out as if you're a local and head to this so trendy it has a secret entrance door (hint, the entrance is on Argyle, even though the address is on Sunset). While the crowd can be posey, its one of the better clubs in the area, and still manages to remain intimate and cozy. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.867836952209473, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.100283 -118.329361 6 Velvet Margarita Cantina , 1612 N Cahuenga Blvd,  ☎ +1 323 469-2000 . M-F 11:30AM-2AM, Sa-Su 6PM-2AM. Dark lounge inspired by Dia de los Muertos. Lots of tequila, beer, and of course margaritas. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.300346374511719, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "34.100585 -118.332191 2 USA Hostels , 1624 Schrader Blvd (5 blocks from metro off Hollywood Blvd),  ☎ +1 323 462-3777 , toll-free: +1-800-524-6783 , fax: +1 323 417-5152. The #1 rated hostel in Los Angeles (by hostelworld guests) in 2007 and 2005, USA Hostels is in the heart of Hollywood off Hollywood Blvd on a quiet side street. This 150-bed hostel offers female and mixed 6- and 8-bed dorms and private rooms, free all-you-can-make pancakes, free coffee and tea all day and free wireless internet. The hostel runs many free and discounted activities and tours and a free shuttle three times per week to Venice and Santa Monica beaches. Dorms from $30, private rooms from $90. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.849767684936523, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.106661 -118.337732 3 Hollywood Heights Hotel (Hilton Garden Inn), 2005 N Highland Ave,  ☎ +1 323 876-8600 , fax: +1 323 876-3272. This boutique-style hotel is relaxed, comfortable, and uniquely personal with 160 rooms fitted with amenities including FACE cosmetics and flat-panel TVs. Starting in March 2012 this hotel will be rebranded as the Hilton Garden Inn. $99+. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.246874809265137, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "A few internet cafés are dotted around town, but a better (and cheaper) option if you've got a laptop is to take advantage of the free wireless internet at the numerous coffee shops along and off of either Hollywood Blvd or Melrose Ave.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.397205352783203, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "34.099892 -118.329377 1 Caffe Etc , 6371 Selma Ave,  ☎ +1 323 464-8824 . 7AM-11PM daily. Free wireless internet (if you've got a laptop), decent coffees and teas, and sandwiches and desserts to snack on. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.43112564086914, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Downtown LA – Rapidly renovating, downtown LA is a great place for a meal or to catch a show at the Walt Disney Concert Hall and best of all, it's reachable by Metro.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.43954849243164, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Wilshire District – Located to the south of Hollywood, the Wilshire district is home to Koreatown, as well as attractions that include the LA County Museum of Art (LACMA), the Peterson Auto Museum, and the world-famous La Brea Tar Pits.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.040088653564453, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Beverly Hills – Home of 90210, and a few other zip codes. If you want to see how the rich and famous live, Beverly Hills is the place to go.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.397250175476074, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "City of LA", "passage": "West LA – The west side of the sprawling city of LA is Hollywood's northwestern neighbor, and is home to UCLA and the Getty Museum.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.686914443969727, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Studio City – Located to the northwest of Hollywood, among other attractions Studio City offers perhaps the highest density of sushi restaurants in Los Angeles.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.494364738464355, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "Northwest LA – Located to the east of Hollywood, this area is home to Dodger Stadium and the massive Griffith Park and its world-famous observatory.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.000589370727539, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood – Travel guide at Wikivoyage" }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "passage": "Tour of Los Angeles, Hollywood and Beverly Hills", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.550508499145508, "source": "search", "title": "LOTS OF FAMOUS LANDMARKS - Review of Sunset Boulevard, Los ..." }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "Owner description: One of the world's most famous streets, this route links the urban streets of downtown Hollywood to the lush, green and up-scale residential avenues of Beverly Hills.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.047052383422852, "source": "search", "title": "LOTS OF FAMOUS LANDMARKS - Review of Sunset Boulevard, Los ..." }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "“LOTS OF FAMOUS LANDMARKS”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.45849895477295, "source": "search", "title": "LOTS OF FAMOUS LANDMARKS - Review of Sunset Boulevard, Los ..." }, { "answer": "L A", "passage": "We only drove down the famous 'Strip' as part of a coach tour, and didn't stop, which was a shame as it would have been nice to stroll around and take in the sights.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.366351127624512, "source": "search", "title": "LOTS OF FAMOUS LANDMARKS - Review of Sunset Boulevard, Los ..." }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "There are also so many famous landmarks that I found it impossible to take photos as we passed them all by so quickly, and you were constantly looking from one side of the road to the other.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.307077407836914, "source": "search", "title": "LOTS OF FAMOUS LANDMARKS - Review of Sunset Boulevard, Los ..." }, { "answer": "LA", "passage": "However, it was nice to drive past and see (albeit briefly) famous places such as Chateau Marmont (the entrance sign anyway!), the Viper Room, Comedy Store, House of Blues, Directors Guild of America etc. And, of course, the billboards (Jennifer Aniston being the major one, on this occasion).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.907580375671387, "source": "search", "title": "LOTS OF FAMOUS LANDMARKS - Review of Sunset Boulevard, Los ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "Green Grow the Lilacs is today largely forgotten in its original form, while Oklahoma! remains one of the most acclaimed and popular American musicals ever written.", "precise_score": 4.689425468444824, "rough_score": 5.455780029296875, "source": "wiki", "title": "Green Grow the Lilacs (play)" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "The Theatre Guild presents Oklahoma! : A musical play based on the play \"Green grow the lilacs\" (Playbill for the St. James Theatre)", "precise_score": 4.872498035430908, "rough_score": 4.8062238693237305, "source": "search", "title": "The Theatre Guild presents Oklahoma! : A musical play ..." }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "The Theatre Guild presents Oklahoma! : A musical play based on the play \"Green grow the lilacs\" (Playbill for the St. James Theatre) by Lynn Riggs", "precise_score": 5.196536540985107, "rough_score": 4.850162506103516, "source": "search", "title": "The Theatre Guild presents Oklahoma! : A musical play ..." }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "Riggs, Lynn. The Theatre Guild presents Oklahoma! : A musical play based on the play \"Green grow the lilacs\" (Playbill for the St. James Theatre)", "precise_score": 4.79838228225708, "rough_score": 4.321130275726318, "source": "search", "title": "The Theatre Guild presents Oklahoma! : A musical play ..." }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "Composer Richard Rodgers had wanted to adapt a rural folk drama of the 1930s — “Green Grow the Lilacs” — to the musical stage and felicitously, lyricist Oscar Hammerstein II, who also admired the play, accepted Rodgers’ proposition to collaborate. By the spring of 1942, they were officially partners. From the beginning, their collaboration was going to be different: Hammerstein would write the lyrics first and Rodgers would set them to music. And both collaborators were determined to put the narrative of the story and the journeys of their characters before any concessions to musical comedy conventions. Aided by the brilliant choreography of Agnes de Mille, their simple tale of cowhands and farmers finding love and community in the Oklahoma territory caught the imagination and patriotic passion of wartime America. Laurey, a spunky girl who runs her aunt’s farm, is courted by two very different young men: Curly, an brash cowhand, and Jud, a surly, pathological farmhand. Her journey to find the man of her dreams and the satisfaction of settling down with the right one (it’s Curly, if you hadn’t guessed) underscores the journey of the territory toward progress, community, and statehood.", "precise_score": 2.6390154361724854, "rough_score": 1.498072862625122, "source": "search", "title": "Oklahoma! | The Shows | Broadway: The American Musical | PBS" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "Oklahoma o Based on the novel Green Grow the Lilacs o - THEA - 200", "precise_score": 3.765476942062378, "rough_score": 6.4713358879089355, "source": "search", "title": "Oklahoma! o Based on the novel Green Grow the Lilacs o ..." }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "Oklahoma o based on the novel green grow the lilacs o", "precise_score": 3.591430425643921, "rough_score": 6.087985992431641, "source": "search", "title": "Oklahoma! o Based on the novel Green Grow the Lilacs o ..." }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "Oklahoma! o Based on the novel “Green Grow the Lilacs” o Choreography and song was used to move the plot along o Original cast recording released • Golden Age of Musical Theatre o 1943: Carmen Jones: Adaptation of Bizet’s opera “Carmen” by Oscar Hammerstein o 1944: On the Town : based on the ballet “Fancy Free”  Song “New York, New York (It’s a Helluva Town)  Integreated Musical o 1945 Carousel : Based on play Liliam by Ferenc Molnar where a man beats his wife and commits suicide o 1946 Annie Get Your Gun by Herbert and Dorothy Fields. Music by Irving Berlin  Starred Ethel Merman  Songs “Can’t Get a Man with a Gun” “No Business Like Show Business” o 1947 Brigadoon by Lerner and Lowe o 1947 Kiss me Kate by Samuel and Bella Spewack. Based on Shakespeare’s The Taming of the Shrew.  Songs “Another Opening Another Show” and “Too Darn Hot” o 1949: South Pacific by Rogers and Hammerstien  Based on the book “Tales from the South Pacific” by James Michener  Dealt with Racism and mixed race children.  Won Pulitzer Prize  People wrote to James Michener and asked him to get Rogers and Hammeristen to change the plot of the show because of its view of racism o 1950 Guys and Dolls. Book by Jo Swerling and Abe Burrows. Music by Frank Loesser • TV and Broadway:", "precise_score": 4.928833961486816, "rough_score": 6.582728862762451, "source": "search", "title": "Oklahoma! o Based on the novel Green Grow the Lilacs o ..." }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "Although music has been a part of dramatic presentations since ancient times, modern Western musical theatre emerged during the 19th century, with many structural elements established by the works of Gilbert and Sullivan in Britain and those of Harrigan and Hart in America. These were followed by the numerous Edwardian musical comedies and the musical theatre works of American creators like George M. Cohan. The Princess Theatre musicals and other smart shows like Of Thee I Sing (1931) were artistic steps forward beyond revues and other frothy entertainments of the early 20th century and led to such groundbreaking works as Show Boat (1927) and Oklahoma! (1943). Some of the most famous and iconic musicals through the decades that followed include", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.658766746520996, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "Rodgers and Hammerstein's Oklahoma! (1943) completed the revolution begun by Show Boat, by tightly integrating all the aspects of musical theatre, with a cohesive plot, songs that furthered the action of the story, and featured dream ballets and other dances that advanced the plot and developed the characters, rather than using dance as an excuse to parade scantily clad women across the stage. Rodgers and Hammerstein hired ballet choreographer Agnes de Mille, who used everyday motions to help the characters express their ideas. It defied musical conventions by raising its first act curtain not on a bevy of chorus girls, but rather on a woman churning butter, with an off-stage voice singing the opening lines of Oh, What a Beautiful Mornin' unaccompanied. It drew rave reviews, set off a box-office frenzy and received a Pulitzer Prize. Brooks Atkinson wrote in The New York Times that the show's opening number changed the history of musical theater: “After a verse like that, sung to a buoyant melody, the banalities of the old musical stage became intolerable.\"Gordon, John Steele. [http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/1993/1/1993_1_58.shtml Oklahoma'!']. Retrieved June 13, 2010 It was the first \"blockbuster\" Broadway show, running a total of 2,212 performances, and was made into a hit film. It remains one of the most frequently produced of the team's projects. William A. Everett and Paul R. Laird wrote that this was a \"show, that, like Show Boat, became a milestone, so that later historians writing about important moments in twentieth-century theatre would begin to identify eras according to their relationship to Oklahoma!\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.090456008911133, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "\"After Oklahoma!, Rodgers and Hammerstein were the most important contributors to the musical-play form... The examples they set in creating vital plays, often rich with social thought, provided the necessary encouragement for other gifted writers to create musical plays of their own\". The two collaborators created an extraordinary collection of some of musical theatre's best loved and most enduring classics, including Carousel (1945), South Pacific (1949), The King and I (1951), and The Sound of Music (1959). Some of these musicals treat more serious subject matter than most earlier shows: the villain in Oklahoma! is a suspected murderer and psychopath with a fondness for lewd post cards; Carousel deals with spousal abuse, thievery, suicide and the afterlife; South Pacific explores miscegenation even more thoroughly than Show Boat; and the hero of The King and I dies onstage.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.162712097167969, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "Damon Runyon's eclectic characters were at the core of Frank Loesser's and Abe Burrows' Guys and Dolls, (1950, 1,200 performances); and the Gold Rush was the setting for Alan Jay Lerner and Frederick Loewe's Paint Your Wagon (1951). The relatively brief seven-month run of that show didn't discourage Lerner and Loewe from collaborating again, this time on My Fair Lady (1956), an adaptation of George Bernard Shaw's Pygmalion starring Rex Harrison and Julie Andrews, which at 2,717 performances held the long-run record for many years. Popular Hollywood films were made of all of these musicals. This surpassed the run of two hits by British creators: The Boy Friend (1954), which ran for 2,078 performances in London and marked Andrews' American debut, was very briefly the third longest-running musical in West End or Broadway history (after Chu Chin Chow and Oklahoma!), until Salad Days (1954) surpassed its run and became the new long-run record holder, with 2,283 performances.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.933443069458008, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "Although directors and choreographers have had a major influence on musical theatre style since at least the 19th century, George Abbott and his collaborators and successors took a central role in integrating movement and dance fully into musical theatre productions in the Golden Age.Kenrick, John. [http://www.musicals101.com/dancestage3.htm \"Dance in Stage Musicals – Part III\"], Musicals101.com, 2003, accessed August 14, 2012 Abbott introduced ballet as a story-telling device in On Your Toes in 1936, which was followed by Agnes DeMille's ballet and choreography in Oklahoma!. After Abbott collaborated with Jerome Robbins in On the Town and other shows, Robbins combined the roles of director and choreographer, emphasizing the story-telling power of dance in West Side Story, A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum (1962) and Fiddler on the Roof (1964). Bob Fosse choreographed for Abbott in The Pajama Game (1956) and Damn Yankees (1957), injecting playful sexuality into those hits. He was later the director-choreographer for Sweet Charity (1968), Pippin (1972) and Chicago (1975). Other notable director-choreographers have included Gower Champion, Tommy Tune, Michael Bennett, Gillian Lynne and Susan Stroman. Prominent directors have included Hal Prince, who also got his start with Abbott, and Trevor Nunn. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.180243492126465, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "Made for TV musical films were popular in the 1990s, such as Gypsy (1993), Cinderella (1997) and Annie (1999). Several made for TV musicals in the first decade of the 21st century were adaptations of the stage version, such as South Pacific (2001), The Music Man (2003) and Once Upon A Mattress (2005), and a televised version of the stage musical Legally Blonde in 2007. Additionally, several musicals were filmed on stage and broadcast on Public Television, for example Contact in 2002 and Kiss Me, Kate and Oklahoma! in 2003. The made-for-TV musical High School Musical (2006), and its several sequels, enjoyed particular success and were adapted for stage musicals and other media. In 2013, NBC began a series of live television broadcasts of musicals with The Sound of Music Live! Although the production received mixed reviews, it was a ratings success. Further broadcasts have included Peter Pan Live! (NBC 2014), The Wiz Live! (NBC 2015), a UK broadcast, The Sound of Music Live (ITV 2015) and Grease: Live (Fox 2016). ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.341681480407715, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "The play also toured the Midwest, and was nominated for a Pulitzer Prize.[http://www.okfriends.net/riggs.htm Lynn Riggs: An Oklahoma Treasure], [http://www.okfriends.net/index.htm Friends of Libraries in Oklahoma] ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313455581665039, "source": "wiki", "title": "Green Grow the Lilacs (play)" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "It appeared at the Dallas Little Theatre during the week of March 7, 1932, and again in Dallas at the Festival of Southwestern Plays, on May 10, 1935.[http://members.cox.net/lynn.riggs/LynnRiggs.htm Lynn Riggs], Mary Hays Marable and Elaine Boylan, pages 93-96 of A Handbook of Oklahoma Writers, University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma, 1939, ASIN B0006AONUW . Although the 1943 Rodgers and Hammerstein musical play Oklahoma!, which is based on the Riggs play, used a new score rather than the old folk songs in Riggs' work, the plot of Green Grow The Lilacs is almost identical, except for the ending, which unlike that of the musical, is left rather undecided as to Curly's trial for accidentally killing farmhand Jeeter (renamed Jud Fry in the musical). In addition, the cowboy Will Parker is only referred to in the original Riggs play; he does not actually appear in it. Therefore, the entire comic subplot involving the fifty dollars that Will must obtain in order to be able to marry Ado Annie is an invention of Hammerstein's.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.3219153881073, "source": "wiki", "title": "Green Grow the Lilacs (play)" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "Oklahoma! | The Shows | Broadway: The American Musical | PBS", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.257927894592285, "source": "search", "title": "Oklahoma! | The Shows | Broadway: The American Musical | PBS" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "Oklahoma", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.433899879455566, "source": "search", "title": "Oklahoma! | The Shows | Broadway: The American Musical | PBS" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "In the decade before “Oklahoma!” opened, not a single hit show ran over 500 performances; “Oklahoma!” ran for 2,212. Even the songs, which Rodgers and Hammerstein worked so hard to keep within the context of the setting, broke out to achieve extraordinary popularity; the self-defensive love song “People Will Say We’re in Love” was a number-one song in 1943 and “Oh, What a Beautiful Mornin'” and “The Surrey with the Fringe on Top” also topped the charts. “Oklahoma!” was more than a hit — it was the first real phenomenon in modern Broadway history.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.676346778869629, "source": "search", "title": "Oklahoma! | The Shows | Broadway: The American Musical | PBS" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "Oklahoma! - Portland Center Stage", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.483469009399414, "source": "search", "title": "Oklahoma! - Portland Center Stage" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "Those words express familiar sentiments often heard these days, but are spoken in this case not by a politician of 2011, but by Curly, the cowboy who takes the notion of change and wrestles it to the ground in Oklahoma! Part charming love story, part stirring retelling of American history, and many parts beloved songs and stunning dance, Oklahoma! was the first collaboration by the legendary team of Rodgers and Hammerstein, and was a milestone in the development of American musical theater for its fusion of song, story and dance. We are giving this boisterous favorite a new spin: in the 19th century Oklahoma Territory, there were over 50 all African-American towns; in that same period, one in three American cowboys was black. Chris Coleman’s production will feature an all African-American cast, generating fresh insights into a classic American tale.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.170002937316895, "source": "search", "title": "Oklahoma! - Portland Center Stage" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "Oklahoma! runs approximately 2 hours and 40 minutes with one 15-minute intermission.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.501094818115234, "source": "search", "title": "Oklahoma! - Portland Center Stage" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "I recently had an interesting conversation with my grandfather about PCS’ current production of Oklahoma!. In addition to finding out that he saw the original cast of Oklahoma! in 1943, I discovered that my great-great-uncle, Tom Drake, starred as Richard Rodgers in 1948’s Words and Music, a biographical film based on the creative partnership between Richard Rodgers and Lorenz Hart! A bit of exploring was warranted.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.723346710205078, "source": "search", "title": "Oklahoma! - Portland Center Stage" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "According to the book “The Hammersteins: a Musical Theatre Family,” Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II included an exclamation point in the title of their 1943 musical “Oklahoma!” as a subtle way to distance it from the grim associations the word had taken on a few years earlier because of “The Grapes of Wrath.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.140828132629395, "source": "search", "title": "Oklahoma! - Portland Center Stage" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "The Portland Center Stage production that opened Friday night confirmed it yet again: Spelling “Oklahoma!” without that suggestion of exultation just wouldn’t be right.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.39443588256836, "source": "search", "title": "Oklahoma! - Portland Center Stage" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "So let it be with Portland Center Stage’s “Oklahoma!”. When I first heard about it, I stifled a mental yawn. Really? “Oklahoma!”? Why? Jolly artificial cowboys courtin’ and sparkin’? Surely, I would have better things to do.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.379325866699219, "source": "search", "title": "Oklahoma! - Portland Center Stage" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "But then I learned that Center Stage artistic director Chris Coleman was setting it in an African-American town in the Oklahoma Territory, and that piqued my interest a little bit. The history of the West rarely acknowledges the contributions, the lives, of African Americans, and Oklahoma had lots of all-Black towns. That was more interesting to me than Trevor Nunn’s beautiful technicolor 1999 revival, even with the excellent Hugh Jackman as Curly.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.773005485534668, "source": "search", "title": "Oklahoma! - Portland Center Stage" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "All American boy, all American girl, all American town. What comes to mind? I love what Portland Center Stage director Chris Coleman has done with “Oklahoma!” blasting old tropes by setting this musical in a historical all-Black town, showcasing the all-Americanness of these first Oklahomans.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.339649200439453, "source": "search", "title": "Oklahoma! - Portland Center Stage" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "What kind of protagonist goes around suggesting people commit suicide? What kind of love story ends in a murder trial? For a regular fixture of high-school stages, Rodgers and Hammerstein’s first collaboration is a pretty bleak show. Its nominal hero, Curly, is a bully, and its female lead, Laurey, is a snob. Its big dance sequence is all menace. Its moral is that looking at dirty pictures leads to murder. Given the evidence—“Poor Jud Is Dead,” the climactic flesh-auction and the townsfolk’s blissful dismissal of Jud’s death—one gets the impression that Oklahoma is not OK.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.096275329589844, "source": "search", "title": "Oklahoma! - Portland Center Stage" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "The source of that “bright golden haze” emanating from the Gerding Theater, illuminating the Portland skyline, is the marvelous Portland Center Stage production of Oklahoma! PCS promised theater-goers a “boot-stompin’ good time!” and they more than live up to their promise. Classic songs, exuberant dancing, eye-popping sets, and a talented, gifted cast make this Oklahoma! more than OK—it is downright rollicking good old-fashioned fun. And it’s a love story to boot.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.913540840148926, "source": "search", "title": "Oklahoma! - Portland Center Stage" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "When Oscar and Richard and Agnes first made \"Oklahoma!\" --- or REmade it, on a glass-topped table in the sumptuous vesiblule of the ladies' room at the Colonial Theatre here in Boston --- the American musical became young again, and stayed young for the next ten years. (In 1953, Rodgers and Hammerstein had five different musicals running on Broadway at the same time!) Then \"Oklahoma!\" became first a classic, then a cliche.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.73470401763916, "source": "search", "title": "Theatre Mirror Reviews - \"Oklahoma!\"" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "Before \"Oklahoma!\" (in \"Show Boat\") Oscar Hammerstein II had already changed the focus of the American musical from froth and fun to drama and humanity. But Agnes DeMille's wordless dream-sequence ending the first act of \"Oklahoma!\" signalled a change from tap-dancing chorines to toe-shoes, and to Jerry Robbins and Bob Fosse. At Turtle Lane, Patricia Strauss has only hinted occasionally at the DeMille original (a lift that's a full-body embrace, \"Rodeo\"-riffs for cowboys), but she melds the slow-motion fights and lascivious sex, the conflicts in Laurey's dreaming mind, into a growing nightmare under Jeff Gardiner's reds and blacks. And only here did I notice that the music --- with violent dissonances in the \"Oh What A Lovely Mornin'\" notes --- reprises all the major songs, in an eerily new key.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.345254898071289, "source": "search", "title": "Theatre Mirror Reviews - \"Oklahoma!\"" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "Paul Huberdeau has good, fresh voices to work with, and he has decided to do this big, bustling show with a four-piece orchestra --- percussion, bass, keyboards and piano --- which means those voices are the stars, performing in this comfortable auditorium without any amplification. Like the early-forties crew that made theatrical history here at the Colonial, these kids have made \"Oklahoma!\" vibrantly young again.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.877498626708984, "source": "search", "title": "Theatre Mirror Reviews - \"Oklahoma!\"" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "Scene from apraduction ifGreen Grow the Lilacs, :;:6Janua!Jl 1931, CUlldTheatre. By permission of the Museum of the City of New York. World-Bank Drama JOSEPH ROACH Green grow the lilacs, all sparkling with dew, I'm lonely, my darling, since partingvnth you, And by our next meeting I hope to prove true To change the green lilacs to the red, white, and blue. This lyric comes froITt the 1931 Theatre Guild production of Green Grow the Lilacs, Lynn Riggs's \"folk play\" of conventional romance and dark ritual set in Indian Territory before it became a state at the closing of the American frontier a century ago. The title song was one of a dozen ballads gathered locally and transcribed by the playwright, who was a gifted singer himself , for production on Broadway and on national tour. Of his ambitions for the play, Riggs modestly wrote: It must be fairly obvious from reading or seeing the play that it might have been subtitled An Old Song. The intent has been solely to recapture in a kind of nostalgic glow (but in dramatic dialogue more than in song) the great range of mood which characterized the old folk songs and ballads I used to hear in my Oklahoma childhood-their quaintness, their sadness, their robustness, their simplicity, their hearty or bawdy humors, their sentimentalities, their melodrama, their touching sweetness.I ESQ I v. 50 11ST-3RD QUARTERS I2004 157 Oklahoma' 'd B . Win ow card d ' y permission of the ,eslgnedfor the ori 'n Museum of the (it 'glf alproduction (1943) yo New York. . WORLD-BANK DRAMA Riggs succeeded far beyond expectation, but not ultiInately in the venue he intended. Green Grow the Lilacs is better known today (though still perhaps not as well known as it should be) as the play adapted by Richard Rodgers and Oscar Ham:merstein II as Oklahoma! the revolutionaryAInerican musical comedy, which opened in I943. The plot, the characters, and much of the dialogue from the play reappear unchanged in the musical, and even the new tunes and lyrics follow Riggs's intentions by evoking a distinctive rnood, one that presaged, in its nostalgia and unnervingly self-satisfied mystifications, the highly effective theme from Ronald Reagan's I984 reelection campaign: \"It's Morning Again in AInerica.\" Riggs's opening stage direction for Green Grow the Lilacs sets the time and place in which the action will unfold: \"It is a radiant summer morning several years ago, the kind of morning which, enveloping the shapes of the earth-men, cattle in a meadow, blades of the young corn, streams-makes them seem to exist now for the first time, their images giving off a visible golden emanation that is partly true and partly a trick ofimagination focussing to keep alive a loveliness that may pass away.\" Giving material form to the verbal cognates voice, invocation, evocation , and vocation, the playwright calls for the first entrance to be made by a singing cowboy: \"And, like the voice ofthe morning ' a rich male voice outside somewhere begins to sing\" (3). So deeply has Rodgers and Hammerstein's bucolic \"Oh, What a Beautiful Mornin'\" insinuated itself into popular memory that in retrospect Riggs's own introductory song, meant to establish Curly McLain's character, sounds like a bumptious parody: Ta whoop ti aye ay, git along, you little dogies! Way out in \"Vyoming shall be your bright homeA -whooping and a-yelling and a-driving those dogies, And a-riding those bronchos that are none of my own. (4,) 159 JOSEPH ROACH The original folk tune does directly assert, in ways its successor does not, the fact that cowb?) was a one-word job description for the geographically dispossessed. This is \"an old song\" indeed, at least by the standards of American popular culture, one of Inany derived froIn the socalled COInInon dOInain, that folkloric liInbo of unclaiIned intellectual property where Riggs found it, but by no Ineans where Rodgers and HaInInerstein left it. Even in its transforInation beyond recognition into a show tune, however , the preexisting, authorless ballad, by the very fact of its priority and anonYInity, adds authenticity and hence value to the cOInInercial work. Like...", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.926479697227478, "source": "search", "title": "Project MUSE - World–Bank Drama" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "Arena Stage | Oklahoma!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.468337059020996, "source": "search", "title": "Arena Stage | Oklahoma!" }, { "answer": "Oklahoma", "passage": "This is not your mother’s Oklahoma! Inspired by the toughness of the prairie, Artistic Director Molly Smith sets her production in the robust world of territory filled with a dynamic cast as rich and complex as great tapestry of America itself. With Rodgers and Hammerstein’s timeless music, Oklahoma! celebrates the vigor of America’s pioneering spirit with athletic dance and boot-stomping energy. Chock full of classic tunes such as “Oh, What a Beautiful Mornin’,” and “People Will Say We’re in Love,” this muscular production will thrill audiences young and old.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.341617584228516, "source": "search", "title": "Arena Stage | Oklahoma!" } ]

[ { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "Lloyd Webber started writing his own music at a young age, a suite of six pieces at the age of nine. He also put on \"productions\" with Julian and his Aunt Viola in his toy theatre (which he built at Viola's suggestion). Later, he would be the owner of a number of West End theatres, including the Palace. His aunt Viola, an actress, took him to see many of her shows and through the stage door into the world of the theatre. He also had originally set music to Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats at the age of 15.", "precise_score": -2.8782238960266113, "rough_score": -3.163910388946533, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "Lloyd Webber embarked on his next project without a lyricist, turning instead to the poetry of T. S. Eliot. Cats (1981) was to become the longest running musical in London, where it ran for 21 years before closing. On Broadway, Cats ran for 18 years, a record which would ultimately be broken by another Lloyd Webber musical, The Phantom of the Opera. ", "precise_score": 0.6312990188598633, "rough_score": 1.1926424503326416, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "Lloyd Webber also premiered The Phantom of the Opera in 1986, inspired by the 1911 Gaston Leroux novel. He wrote the part of Christine for his then-wife, Sarah Brightman, who played the role in the original London and Broadway productions alongside Michael Crawford as the Phantom. The production was directed by Harold Prince, who had also earlier directed Evita. Charles Hart wrote the lyrics for Phantom with some additional material provided by Richard Stilgoe, with whom Lloyd-Webber co-wrote the book of the musical. It became a hit and is still running in both the West End and on Broadway; in January 2006 it overtook Cats as the longest-running musical on Broadway. On 11 February 2012, Phantom of the Opera played its 10,000th show on Broadway.", "precise_score": -0.8111621141433716, "rough_score": -2.537015676498413, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "There have been a number of film adaptations of the Lloyd Webber musicals. Jesus Christ Superstar (1973) was directed by Norman Jewison; Evita (1996) was directed by Alan Parker; and The Phantom of the Opera (2004) was directed by Joel Schumacher and co-produced by Lloyd Webber. Cats, Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, Jesus Christ Superstar and By Jeeves have been adapted into made for television films that have been released on DVD and VHS and often air on BBC.", "precise_score": 0.08335878700017929, "rough_score": -2.5457990169525146, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "Regardless of the fact that some of his latest efforts (most notably, The Woman in White) are disappointing, there can be little doubt that Andrew Lloyd Webber is one of the greatest composers ever to work in the musical theatre. Ever since his \"Jesus Christ Superstar\" hit the stage in the early 70-is, it was clear that the conception and perception of musicals are never going to be the same again. Many of his songs became standards not only in the theatre history, but also as tops on the charts. Even though he's British, his influence on the shape of the modern musical theatre expanded over the West End boundaries long ago and has thus made an enormous impact on Broadway. Two of his shows (\"Cats\" and \"The phantom of the opera\") hold the record as two the longest running shows in the history of Broadway. He has also been the only composer to have three of his shows running at Broadway concurrently. Some of his awards include three Grammies, a Golden Globe, an Oscar and a bunch of Tony awards. But perhaps most of all, Lloyd Webber is responsible for bringing the musicals and the theatre appealing to the wide audiences, who in different circumstances would not consider seeing a musical. The secret of his success is probably the mixture of beautiful and catchy melodies, interesting subject matter (though some, like Starlight Express, are too thin) and grandiose staging.", "precise_score": -0.7423283457756042, "rough_score": -2.849512815475464, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber: Now & Forever - amazon.com" }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "The world premiere of Marriott Theatre's Now and Forever, a theatrical exploration of the lush songs of composer Andrew Lloyd Webber — featuring Linda Balgord, a veteran of Cats, Sunset Boulevard and Aspects of Love — opens Jan. 23 following previews from Jan. 16 in suburban Chicago.", "precise_score": 5.528013706207275, "rough_score": 5.029746055603027, "source": "search", "title": "Now and Forever: The Music of Andrew Lloyd Webber, With ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "Marriott's Terry James (executive producer), Aaron Thielen (lead artistic director) and Andy Hite (artistic director) are behind the new creation, running to March 17 in Lincolnshire, IL. Chicago theatre veteran Marc Robin, a multiple Jeff Award winner, directs and choreographs the show, which has a full title of Now and Forever: The Music of Andrew Lloyd Webber . (\"Now and Forever,\" you might recall, was the advertising tagline for the long-running London and Broadway productions of Lloyd Webber's Cats .) ", "precise_score": 5.915101051330566, "rough_score": 5.686023712158203, "source": "search", "title": "Now and Forever: The Music of Andrew Lloyd Webber, With ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "The shows of Andrew Lloyd Webber are theatrical treasures�his music legendary. The Marriott Theatre has been given the honor of creating this premiere presentation. A cast of incredible singers, dancers, and choreographers will bring you highlights from EVITA, CATS, JESUS CHRIST SUPERSTAR, JOSEPH AND THE AMAZING TECHNICOLOR DREAMCOAT, STARLIGHT EXPRESS, SUNSET BOULEVARD, the most anticipated sequel in Broadway history, LOVE NEVER DIES, and its predecessor, PHANTOM OF THE OPERA, the world�s most successful musical.", "precise_score": 0.6264957785606384, "rough_score": -1.6581628322601318, "source": "search", "title": "Now And Forever, The Music of Andrew Lloyd Webber ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "Released in 2001, this formidable five-disc box set presents a very thorough overview of the many musicals of British composer Andrew Lloyd Webber. In addition to performances from the definitive versions of his most beloved productions (JESUS CHRIST SUPERSTAR, CATS, THE PHANTOM OF THE OPERA, etc.), the collection also includes a disc of Webber tunes performed by pop artists such as Barbra Streisand (the stirring \"As If We Never Said Goodbye\") and Boyzone (the emotive \"No Matter What\") and a disc of rarities, making it essential for Webber completists.", "precise_score": 1.2928305864334106, "rough_score": -1.3946889638900757, "source": "search", "title": "Now and Forever: The Andrew Lloyd Webber Box Set - Andrew ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "Don’t look now, but it’s Now and Forever again. The second of Cats’ nine lives began July 31—this time at the Neil Simon , since composer Andrew Lloyd Webber has turned the former haunt of his alleycats, the Winter Garden, into a School of Rock.", "precise_score": 2.7944536209106445, "rough_score": 3.9041526317596436, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber and His Cats Cast Reflect on Opening ..." }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "At the start — the rough start — of the Marriott Theatre's new revue of the music of Andrew Lloyd Webber, entitled, with justification, \"Now & Forever,\" the throbbing electronic tones of \"The Phantom of the Opera\" fill the theater as colored lights flash repetitively on a chandelier sitting on the stage.", "precise_score": 6.980761528015137, "rough_score": 5.199892997741699, "source": "search", "title": "Review: 'Now & Forever: The Music of Andrew Lloyd Webber ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "\"Now & Forever,\" in its premiere at the Marriott, never gets around to exploring what the music of Lloyd Webber actually means, as it should (and I mean that in all seriousness; he's surely been one of the soundtracks to my particular tawdry life, ever since the late 1970s), nor does it make new or profound linkages between his astonishingly broad array of compositions. But it does, quite quickly, get a whole lot better. The cast is too talented to permit otherwise. The opener should have been \"The Jellicle Ball,\" the lively sequence from \"Cats\" here set to droll choreography by the director, Marc Robin, just as various \"Variations\" from \"Song and Dance\" are set mostly to the terrific work of co-choreographer Harrison McEldowney, whose naturalistic (yes, naturalistic) work here reminds me of that of Steven Hoggett of \"Once\" fame. One might not think of Lloyd Webber as an ideal backdrop for dance, but, in fact, his fare offers all kinds of possibilities for a populist kind of movement, which McEldowney and a truly lovely group of dancers exploit beautifully.", "precise_score": 4.726156711578369, "rough_score": 4.405785083770752, "source": "search", "title": "Review: 'Now & Forever: The Music of Andrew Lloyd Webber ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "The shows of Andrew Lloyd Webber are theatrical treasures...his music legendary. This premiere presentation assembles a cast of incredible singers and dancers to bring you highlights from Evita, CATS, Jesus Christ Superstar, Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, Starlight Express, Sunset Boulevard, the most anticipated sequel in Broadway history, Love Never Dies, and its predecessor, Phantom of the Opera, the world's most successful musical.", "precise_score": 1.0811071395874023, "rough_score": -0.7618132829666138, "source": "search", "title": "Now & Forever: The Music of Andrew Lloyd Webber at The ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "Several of his musicals have run for more than a decade both in the West End and on Broadway. He has composed 13 musicals, a song cycle, a set of variations, two film scores, and a Latin Requiem Mass. Several of his songs have been widely recorded and were hits outside of their parent musicals, notably \"The Music of the Night\" from The Phantom of the Opera, \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" from Jesus Christ Superstar, \"Don't Cry for Me, Argentina\" and \"You Must Love Me\" from Evita, \"Any Dream Will Do\" from Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat and \"Memory\" from Cats.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.558317184448242, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "His company, the Really Useful Group, is one of the largest theatre operators in London. Producers in several parts of the UK have staged productions, including national tours, of the Lloyd Webber musicals under licence from the Really Useful Group. Lloyd Webber is also the president of the Arts Educational Schools London, a performing arts school located in Chiswick, West London. He is involved in a number of charitable activities, including the Elton John AIDS Foundation, Nordoff Robbins, Prostate Cancer UK and War Child. In 1992 he set up the Andrew Lloyd Webber Foundation which supports the arts, culture and heritage in the UK. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.138609409332275, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "Lloyd Webber wrote a Requiem Mass dedicated to his father, William, who had died in 1982. It premiered at St. Thomas Church in New York on 24 February 1985. Church music had been a part of the composer's upbringing and the composition was inspired by an article he had read about the plight of Cambodian orphans. Lloyd Webber had on a number of occasions written sacred music for the annual Sydmonton Festival. Lloyd Webber received a Grammy Award in 1986 for Requiem in the category of best classical composition. Pie Jesu from Requiem achieved a high placing on the UK pop charts. Perhaps because of its large orchestration, live performances of the Requiem are rare.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.517806053161621, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "In 1998, Lloyd Webber released a film version of \"Cats\", which was filmed at the Adelphi Theatre in London. David Mallet directed the film, and Gillian Lynne choreographed it. The cast consisted of performers who had been in the show before, including Ken Page (the original Old Deuteronomy on Broadway), Elaine Paige (original Grizabella in London) and Sir John Mills as Gus: the Theatre Cat.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.4416608810424805, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "In 2014, it was announced that Webber's next project would be a musical adaptation of the 2003 film School of Rock. On January 19, 2015, auditions opened for children aged nine to fifteen in cooperation with the School of Rock music education program, which predated the film by several years. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.542420387268066, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "The Sunday Times Rich List 2006 ranked him the 87th-richest man in Britain with an estimated fortune of £700 million. His wealth increased to £750 million in 2007, but the publication ranked him 101st in 2008. He lives at Sydmonton Court, Hampshire, and owns much of nearby Watership Down.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.298354148864746, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "*1983 – Best Cast Show Album for Cats", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.463242530822754, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "*1983 – Best Musical for Cats", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.88040828704834, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "*1983 – Best Original Score for Cats", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.409872055053711, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "*1981 - Best Musical for Cats", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.260163307189941, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "* Cats (1981)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.346385955810547, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "Lyrics based on Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats by T. S. Eliot ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.325018882751465, "source": "wiki", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber" }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "Musical theatre is a form of theatrical performance that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting, and dance. The story and emotional content of a musical – humor, pathos, love, anger – are communicated through the words, music, movement and technical aspects of the entertainment as an integrated whole. Although musical theatre overlaps with other theatrical forms like opera and dance, it may be distinguished by the equal importance given to the music as compared with the dialogue, movement and other elements. Since the early 20th century, musical theatre stage works have generally been called, simply, musicals.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.11939811706543, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "There is no fixed length for a musical. While it can range from a short one-act entertainment to several acts and several hours in length (or even a multi-evening presentation), most musicals range from one and a half to three hours. Musicals are usually presented in two acts, with one short intermission and the first act frequently longer than the second. The first act generally introduces nearly all of the characters and most of the music, and often ends with the introduction of a dramatic conflict or plot complication while the second act may introduce a few new songs but usually contains reprises of important musical themes and resolves the conflict or complication. A book musical is usually built around four to six main theme tunes that are reprised later in the show, although it sometimes consists of a series of songs not directly musically related. Spoken dialogue is generally interspersed between musical numbers, although \"sung dialogue\" or recitative may be used, especially in so-called \"sung-through\" musicals such as Jesus Christ Superstar, Les Misérables, and Evita. Several shorter musicals on Broadway and in the West End have been presented in one act in recent decades.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.475724220275879, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "Musical theatre is closely related to the theatrical form of opera, but the two are usually distinguished by weighing a number of factors. Musicals generally have a greater focus on spoken dialogue (though some musicals are entirely accompanied and sung through; and on the other hand, some operas, such as Die Zauberflöte, and most operettas, have some unaccompanied dialogue); on dancing (particularly by the principal performers as well as the chorus); on the use of various genres of popular music (or at least popular singing styles); and on the avoidance of certain operatic conventions. In particular, a musical is almost always performed in the language of its audience. Musicals produced on Broadway or in the West End, for instance, are invariably sung in English, even if they were originally written in another language. While an opera singer is primarily a singer and only secondarily an actor (and rarely needs to dance), a musical theatre performer is often an actor first and then a singer and dancer. Someone who is equally accomplished at all three is referred to as a \"triple threat\". Composers of music for musicals often consider the vocal demands of roles with musical theatre performers in mind. Today, large theatres staging musicals generally use microphones and amplification of the actors' singing voices in a way that would generally be disapproved of in an operatic context.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.025674819946289, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "Like opera, the singing in musical theatre is generally accompanied by an instrumental ensemble called a pit orchestra, located in a lowered area in front of the stage. While opera typically uses a conventional symphony orchestra, musicals are generally orchestrated for ensembles ranging from 27 players down to only a few players. Rock musicals usually employ a small group of mostly rock instruments, and some musicals may call for only a piano or two instruments. The music in musicals uses a range of \"styles and influences including operetta, classical techniques, folk music, jazz [and] local or historical styles [that] are appropriate to the setting.\" Musicals may begin with an overture played by the orchestra that \"weav[es] together excerpts of the score's famous melodies.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.646466255187988, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "While some critics have argued that some of Sondheim’s musicals lack commercial appeal, others have praised their lyrical sophistication and musical complexity, as well as the interplay of lyrics and music in his shows. Some of Sondheim's notable innovations include a show presented in reverse (Merrily We Roll Along) and the above-mentioned Anyone Can Whistle, in which the first act ends with the cast informing the audience that they are mad.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.711581230163574, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "After Show Boat and Porgy and Bess, and as the struggle in America and elsewhere for minorities' civil rights progressed, Hammerstein, Harold Arlen, Yip Harburg and others were emboldened to write more musicals and operas that aimed to normalize societal toleration of minorities and urged racial harmony. Early Golden Age works that focused on racial tolerance included Finian's Rainbow and South Pacific. Towards the end of the Golden Age, several shows tackled Jewish subjects and issues, such as Fiddler on the Roof, Milk and Honey, Blitz! and later Rags. The original concept that became West Side Story was set in the Lower East Side during Easter-Passover celebrations; the rival gangs were to be Jewish and Italian Catholic. The creative team later decided that the Polish (white) vs. Puerto Rican conflict was fresher. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.718491554260254, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "The British composer Andrew Lloyd Webber saw similar success with Evita, based on the life of Argentina's Eva Perón; Cats, derived from the poems of T. S. Eliot (both of which musicals originally starred Elaine Paige); Starlight Express, performed on roller skates; The Phantom of the Opera, derived from the Gaston Leroux novel, \"Le Fantôme de l'Opéra\"; and Sunset Boulevard (from the classic film of the same name). These works ran (or are still running) for decades in both New York and London and had extraordinary international and touring success. The mega-musicals' huge budgets redefined expectations for financial success on Broadway and in the West End. In earlier years, it was possible for a show to be considered a hit after a run of several hundred performances, but with multimillion-dollar production costs, a show must run for years simply to turn a profit.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.4611735343933105, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "Live-action film musicals were nearly dead in the 1980s and early 1990s, with exceptions of Victor/Victoria, Little Shop of Horrors and the 1996 film of Evita.Kenrick, John. [http://www.musicals101.com/1980film.htm \"The 1980s\"], History of Musical Film, musicals101.com, accessed July 11, 2014; and Kenrick, John. [http://www.musicals101.com/1990film.htm \"The 1990s: Disney & Beyond\"], History of Musical Film, musicals101.com, accessed July 11, 2014 In the new century, Baz Luhrmann began a revival of the film musical with Moulin Rouge! (2001). This was followed by Chicago in 2002; Phantom of the Opera in 2004; Dreamgirls in 2006; Hairspray, Across the Universe, Enchanted and Sweeney Todd all in 2007; Mamma Mia! in 2008; Nine in 2009; Burlesque in 2010; Les Misérables and Pitch Perfect in 2012, and Into The Woods in 2014. Dr. Seuss's How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (2000) and The Cat in the Hat (2003), turned children's books into live-action film musicals. After the immense success of Disney and other houses with animated film musicals beginning with The Little Mermaid in 1989 and running throughout the 1990s (including some more adult-themed films, like South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut (1999)), fewer animated film musicals were released in the first decade of the 21st century. The genre made a comeback beginning in 2010 with Tangled (2010), Rio (2011) and Frozen (2013). In Asia, India continues to produce numerous \"Bollywood\" film musicals, and Japan produces \"Anime\" and \"Manga\" film musicals.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.214147567749023, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "Musicals are often presented by amateur and school groups in churches, schools and other performance spaces. Although amateur theatre has existed for centuries, even in the New World,Lynch, Twink. [http://www.aact.org/community-theatre-history \"Community Theatre History\"], American Association of Community Theatre, accessed March 14, 2016 François Cellier and Cunningham Bridgeman wrote, in 1914, that prior to the late 19th century, amateur actors were treated with contempt by professionals. After the formation of amateur Gilbert and Sullivan companies licensed to perform the Savoy operas, professionals recognized that the amateur societies \"support the culture of music and the drama. They are now accepted as useful training schools for the legitimate stage, and from the volunteer ranks have sprung many present-day favourites.\" The National Operatic and Dramatic Association was founded in the UK in 1899. It reported, in 1914, that nearly 200 amateur dramatic societies were producing Gilbert and Sullivan operas in Britain that year. Similarly, more than 100 community theatres were founded in the US in the early 20th century. This number has grown to an estimated 18,000 in the US. The Educational Theater Association in the US has nearly 5,000 member schools. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.53412914276123, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "* Disc #1 has the selections from \"Jesus Christ Superstar\", \"Evita\", \"Cats\" and \"Song & Dance\". The Superstar material mostly comes from the Concept Recording. Although the songs sound beautiful as always, their orchestration is a bit dated now. Only Steve Balsamo's \"Gethsemane\" from the 1996 revival cast has a modern rock sound. \"Evita\" comes with the material from all of the major recordings: London, Broadway and the movie productions, as well as the Concept album. No objections here; since this is one of ALW's most satisfying works, every song is just perfect, although Patti LuPone, the Broadway and overall the best Evita, is left with only a couple of lines. With the selections from \"Cats\", however, I have some doubts. A plus to the choice of the \"Jellicle ball\" impressive orchestral sequence from the 1998 movie version and \"Mister Mistoffelees\" from the 1981 London cast. One of the best known ALW's songs, \"Memory\", also comes from that album. It's a pretty version and Elaine Paige's rendition cannot be matched, but why include this when the definite version, featuring an 80-piece orchestra and Elaine Paige with much better interpretation, can be found in the same movie version. Thusly, one has to buy Elaine Paige's latest 2-disc compilation \"Centre Stage: The very best of Elaine Paige\" to get that one. And \"Gus the theatre cat\" is more a recital than a song, so there was not much point in including that. Marti Webb brings her vocal charm to the \"Song & Dance\" sequence, Sarah Brightman sings \"Unexpected song\" with her famous soprano, but as much as I like her version, Bernadette Peters, who was in this show on Broadway is strangely left out here.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.273813247680664, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber: Now & Forever - amazon.com" }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "* Disc # 2 starts with \"Starlight Express\". This was never one of my favorite ALW's shows; the plot is even lighter than in \"Cats\" and the 1984 original cast recording is terribly dated. Yet, here we have one terrific duet, \"I am starlight\" from the original together with three songs from the later revivals and it seems that fresh orchestrations were just the thing Starlight needed. My favorite remains a touchy ballad, \"Next time you fall in love\". \"Requiem\" is the most solemn of all ALW's compositions, written in 1985 to commemorate the death of his father. Placido Domingo's tenor rides together with the chorus all the way through the strong \"Hosanna\", only to be joined by Sarah Brightman in the final moments of this song. She then gives an echoing deliverance of \"Pie Jesu\". What can be said of ALW's next show, \"The Phantom of the Opera\"? A phenomenon in its own right, it's easy to see from the six numbers included here why this is one of the best and most beloved musicals of all time. The cast, the music, the story - everything is perfect. Although \"Aspects of love\" was never a popular hit, it does have some of the most beautiful love melodies ALW has ever written. \"Love changes everything\" sung by Michael Ball is probably one of the best tunes ever about love. The rest of the selected material here has a dreamy love flavor and the melodies find their way into your brain in the best Lloyd Webber way.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.976865768432617, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber: Now & Forever - amazon.com" }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "* ALW's first musical, \"Joseph and the amazing Technicolor dreamcoat\" was more successful in its revival form than the original from the 70-is. The three songs included here are sung by the show stars, Jason Donovan and Donny Osmond. Maria Friedman was not a lucky choice to play the narrator, as the track from the 1998 movie version shows. \"By Jeeves\" was ALW's only big flop when it came to the stage in the 70-is. The 1995 revival sounds much better though, full of funny numbers in the best manner of the musical comedy. \"Travel hopefully\" remains one of the show's highlights on this compilation. \"Sunset Boulevard\" comes next. \"Sunset\" remains for me one of Webber's best scores; lush and beautiful. I listen to the original cast recording with Patti LuPone all the time. However, here most of the songs are performed by Glenn Close. A big mistake. If you've ever listened the American premiere recording with her, you'll know what I am talking about. She may have a strong stage presence, but her vocal abilities are too limited, and her aggressive approach to the role lacks any subtlety. Therefore, the two big numbers from this show, \"With one look\" and \"As if we never said goodbye\" are ruined by the fact she can't sing. The same goes for the American Joe Gillis, who was played by Alan Campbell. Luckily, Patti LuPone and Kevin Anderson, the original Norma and Joe from the London production, make their brief entrance here with the \"Perfect year\"; enough to show how better they are. The funny thing is, on the jacket and inside of it, Glenn Close and Alan Campbell are credited as performers in this song as well. If this was a mistake on ALW's part, it was a good one. The next ALW's show, \"Whistle down the wind\" was never a critic's dear and yet the audiences rushed in to see it in London. The score brings back ALW to his rock and roll roots of the seventies and the story is quite interesting. But the selections here are not the happiest, since the cast recording boasts with much better songs. And finally, \"The Beautiful Game\". Again, we have one of those ALW's shows that is worth in its individual parts rather than as a whole. \"Our kind of love\" and \"Let us love in peace\" are two catchy ballads. The latter is a nice amalgam version not available elsewhere. The two other tracks here I could live without.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.764466285705566, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber: Now & Forever - amazon.com" }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "* The last disc is probably the one that will be of most interest to Lloyd Webber aficionados. It consists of entirely previously unreleased material ALW for the most part wrote for various artists during his early years, with Tim Rice. Some of these tunes, not successful as a singles, were later used in his shows. Thus \"Down thru' summer\" became \"Buenos Aires\"in Evita, \"Try it and see\", an unsuccessful attempt for the Eurovision was used for \"King Herod's song\" in \"Superstar\" and so on. Some of these songs are nicely made pop songs: \"Make believe love\", ALW's first recorded composition, for which he provided the lyrics; \"Goodbye Seattle\", sung by Paul Raven, who later became Gary Glitter; \"Come back Richard, your country needs you\", from a never made musical, sung here by Tim Rice, or Latin flavored \"Magdalena\", with Tony Christie singing. My all time favorite here is a song called \"It's easy for you\", sung by none other than Elvis Presley himself. Lloyd Webber and Rice sent him a demo recording that he accepted and recorded this live version a couple of weeks before he died. It's amazing to hear how his voice remained in the perfect shape. Also, there is a track of Andrew Lloyd Webber singing \"Policle dogs and Jellicle cats\" while plying the piano. His voice doesn't sound bad at all.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.239990234375, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber: Now & Forever - amazon.com" }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "The show features lyrics and/or text by Don Black , Christopher Hampton , Charles Hart , Trevor Nunn (after T.S. Eliot ), Tim Rice , Glenn Slater , Richard Stilgoe and David Zippel, with contributions by Amy Powers, from Evita , Cats, Jesus Christ Superstar , Whistle Down the Wind, Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, Starlight Express , Sunset Boulevard and its sequel Love Never Dies.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.364044189453125, "source": "search", "title": "Now and Forever: The Music of Andrew Lloyd Webber, With ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "Balgord, recently of Broadway's La Cage aux Folles and The Pirate Queen, has long been linked to Lloyd Webber musicals, having played Grizabella in the original Broadway production of Cats; Norma Desmond in the national tour of  Sunset Boulevard ; and Rose Vibert in the U.S. national tour of director Robin Phillips ' Aspects of Love.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.3990073204040527, "source": "search", "title": "Now and Forever: The Music of Andrew Lloyd Webber, With ..." }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "The cast also includes Erin Stewart ( A Little Night Music on Broadway); Susan Moniz (Marriott's Kismet, Broadway's Grease ); Stephanie Binetti (Marriott's White Christmas , national tour of Mamma Mia!); Catherine Lord (Marriott's 42nd Street ); Max Quinlan (25th anniversary national tour of Les Miserables, Marriott's The Light in the Piazza ); Ben Jacoby (Maine State Music Theatre's The Light in the Piazza); Brian Bohr (Joseph in Marriott's Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat); Travis Taylor (Marriott's Pirates of Penzance); Jameson Cooper (Marriott's Hero, Legally Blonde, For the Boys) and Matt Raftery (a veteran actor/director/choreographer of more than 20 productions at Marriott Theatre, plus Broadway and touring productions).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.949965476989746, "source": "search", "title": "Now and Forever: The Music of Andrew Lloyd Webber, With ..." }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "\"...The deeper cuts and greater arc make less of an impression, unlike in the Mercury Theater�s current scaled-down Rodgers and Hammerstein revue A Grand Night for Singing or last season�s Sondheim collection Putting It Together at Porchlight. Robin�s choreography (with contributions from Hubbard Street Dance Chicago�s Harrison McEldowney and Marriott regular Matt Raftery) is visually intricate but feels a little shoehorned without context. Still, neither of these quibbles significantly detracts from some spectacular fan service.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.566243171691895, "source": "search", "title": "Now And Forever, The Music of Andrew Lloyd Webber ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "Andrew Lloyd Webber and His Cats Cast Reflect on Opening Night | Playbill", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.969866752624512, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber and His Cats Cast Reflect on Opening ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "Andrew Lloyd Webber and His Cats Cast Reflect on Opening Night", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.8006744384765625, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber and His Cats Cast Reflect on Opening ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "The Playbill that marked the show’s departure on September 10, 2000 carried its legendary logo—two piercing cat eyes, but with a tear rolling out of the right eye. At the curtain call, the composer mustered a sunny, funny and, as it turns out, prophetic goodbye. “Tonight,” he announced, “is, in fact, the last night of Cats’ first life on Broadway.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.66740894317627, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber and His Cats Cast Reflect on Opening ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "Those eyes—yellow and penetrating as ever in the darkness—are the first thing you see as Cats comes back to life and Broadway, blinking here and there onstage, in the aisles and gradually all over the house. First-nighters, suspecting a hit, purred contentedly.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.004401206970215, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber and His Cats Cast Reflect on Opening ..." }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "Lloyd Webber—a determinedly casual lord going for the everyman look (coatless, tieless, open-collared)—entered stage right and added a touch of reality to the evening with a sad little postscript: “As all of you know,” the composer said, “one of theatre’s dearest friends—and one of my dearest friends—passed away this week or, to be more precise, entered a new Jellicle life. On the behalf of this wonderful company and the incredible creative team who’ve worked so hard on my show, all of us would like to dedicate this production to the great Jimmy Nederlander.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.735218048095703, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber and His Cats Cast Reflect on Opening ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "Good ideas are hard to come by. Setting T.S. Eliot’s Old Possum’s Book of Practical Cats to music was his son’s brainstorm. “He’s 23 years old and has never seen Cats.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.104905128479004, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber and His Cats Cast Reflect on Opening ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "Inside the Playbill - Cats 2016", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.519550323486328, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber and His Cats Cast Reflect on Opening ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "A staple at the Royal Shakespeare Company who had never directed a musical until he took on Cats in 1981 (talk about a life-changer!), Nunn won one of the show’s seven Tonys—and deserves custody of the Tony posthumously awarded to Eliot’s lyrics. The director always demurs. “T.S. Eliot was the greatest English and American poet of the 20th century. [His] doodlings formed the basis for this show, and [he] was my unwitting collaborator in writing the words to ‘Memory.’ Probably, he’d have been unwilling if he had been around.” Oh, well, there are the royalties . . .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.364336013793945, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber and His Cats Cast Reflect on Opening ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "At the show’s Broadway closing, Nunn confessed that he had supreme, unshakable confidence in the show right up until May 10, 1981, the night before Cats premiered in London, and the terrible thought occurred to him, “What if they don’t get it at all?”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.17076301574707, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber and His Cats Cast Reflect on Opening ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "Lloyd Webber well-remembers that terror: “The idea of doing a musical with human beings as cats was considered to be absolutely crazy. Everybody thought we were mad. We opened with most of the investment missing. I put a second mortgage on my house. Nobody thought this show could work at all. It sold out for months by the time we got to New York, but in London we were considered to be off our heads.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.2419509887695312, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber and His Cats Cast Reflect on Opening ..." }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "The only other lord on the premises was the ancient patriarch who lorded over the cat litter—Broadway’s original Old Deuteronomy—Ken Page. He came in for the occasion from St. Louis where he’s rehearsing Elton John’s Aida with Michelle Williams and Patrick Cassidy. “My producers were kind enough to let me off to come up and see this,” he explained, “and I go back to rehearsal Tuesday morning.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.6015625, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber and His Cats Cast Reflect on Opening ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "The only other original Broadway cast member in attendance was Anna McNeely, who played Jellyanydots. “We’ve actually been corresponding via email,” said the 2016 Jellyanydots, Eloise Kropp. “It’s a fun character to play. I like that she’s lazy, but I also like that she’s motherly. She’s truly like the mother of the tribe. Her main objective is to take care of the kittens and nurture them and teach them how to become older good cats and keep a good name going for everyone in the family.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.277314186096191, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber and His Cats Cast Reflect on Opening ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "Audience-wise, Cats pretty much preached to the converted on opening night. Anybody with a passing acquaintance with musical theatre seemed to be attendance, saved for the promised Hamilton ( Lin-Manuel Miranda , whose flight from Puerto Rico was delayed). Otherwise, there were Jekyll & Hyde ( Constantine Maroulis ), Cinderella ( Laura Osnes ), Dirty Blonde (Claudia Shear), Elf and his wife, The Pirate Queen ( Sebastian Arcelus and Stephen J. Block). Plus Tommy Tune, whose choreography for My One and Only took the 1983 Tony over Gillian Lynne’s cat-crawlings.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.881769180297852, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber and His Cats Cast Reflect on Opening ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "See Rosie O'Donnell, Ingrid Michaelson and More Out to Celebrate the Jellicle Cats", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.161115646362305, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber and His Cats Cast Reflect on Opening ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "See Rosie O'Donnell, Ingrid Michaelson and More Out to Celebrate the Jellicle Cats", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.161115646362305, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber and His Cats Cast Reflect on Opening ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "The “Memory” Lives Again at the Cats Opening Night. Click here to read more.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.447211265563965, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber and His Cats Cast Reflect on Opening ..." }, { "answer": "Cats", "passage": "One sympathizes with the choice: Commercial theaters like the Marriott have been lusting for years to get the music to \"Phantom\" on their stages, if only the darn thing would close on Broadway already. You can't blame them for throwing it out there at the start. Finally, Lloyd Webber-land has allowed the money material to appear in a revue, along with songs from \"Cats,\" \"Sunset Boulevard,\" and even \"Love Never Dies,\" the much-maligned \"Phantom\" sequel yet to be seen on Broadway. But sometimes you have to protect the audience from what it thinks it wants. Anyway, the terrible opening violates the first rule of revues of the material of familiar and prolific composers: Approach the subject with a glancing blow, pick your material with delicacy and make unusual connections. In this case, it would have been smart to stay away from chandeliers.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.530062675476074, "source": "search", "title": "Review: 'Now & Forever: The Music of Andrew Lloyd Webber ..." }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "I've never been an ALW detractor. Without his remarkable work, the commercial theater as we know it would be in different and infinitely more pathetic shape. No living composer for the stage has brought so many to the theater. This revue surely reveals his formidable range: \"Pie Jesu\" to \"Any Dream Will Do\" is quite a trip. And, rather like George Gershwin, ALW has many songs that one can enjoy hearing again without actually having to sit through the terrible show that once housed them: the toe-tapping title number to \"Starlight Express\" is in that category. That song about a train surely has the most repetitive lyrics ever written (\"Are you real? Yes or no?\" and on, and on), but it still gives me goose bumps. And Brian Bohr nails it, as Jameson Cooper does \"Close Every Door,\" the song from \"Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat\" that in Chicago we think of as a Donny Osmond anthem. Sir A. even revived an Osmond.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.79149055480957, "source": "search", "title": "Review: 'Now & Forever: The Music of Andrew Lloyd Webber ..." }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "Category", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.37592601776123, "source": "search", "title": "NOW & FOREVER: The Music of Andrew Lloyd Webber - After ..." }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "Category", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.37592601776123, "source": "search", "title": "Now & Forever: The Music of Andrew Lloyd Webber at The ..." }, { "answer": "Cat", "passage": "Browse the New York Times best sellers in popular categories like Fiction, Nonfiction, Picture Books and more. See more", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.444867134094238, "source": "search", "title": "Andrew Lloyd Webber - Now & Forever Paperback - amazon.com" } ]

[ { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "In 2003, an $8 million revival of Little Shop of Horrors was planned with the goal of opening on Broadway. A $1 million pre-Broadway production debuted at the Miracle Theatre in Coral Gables, Florida on May 16, 2003. Lee Wilkof, who originated the role of Seymour in 1982, was cast as Mr. Mushnik. The production was directed by Wilkof's wife, Connie Grappo, who was the assistant to Howard Ashman during the original production. Muppeteer Martin P. Robinson, who designed the original Audrey II puppets, enlisted friends at The Jim Henson Company to create new, high tech puppets for the show. Hunter Foster and Alice Ripley played Seymour and Audrey, and the prologue was recited by Robert Stack. ", "precise_score": 1.7640326023101807, "rough_score": 4.229132175445557, "source": "wiki", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors (musical)" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Little Shop of Horrors is among the longest running Off-Broadways musicals of all time. It is the creation of the award-winning team of lyricist and composer; Howard Ashman and Alan Menken. The musical premiered in 1982 and has been produced countless times since then. It tells us the tale of a simple florist who takes care of a ferocious alien plant that loves feeding on human blood and seeks global domination. In a limited three-show engagement, Little Shop will hit the stage at the New York City Center. It will feature big name stars Jake Gyllenhaal, Taran Killan and Ellen Greene. So grab Little Shop of Horrors tickets and enjoy the show.", "precise_score": 6.025272369384766, "rough_score": 6.497023582458496, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop Of Horrors Tickets - My Excite" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Little Shop of Horrors is one of the most renowned musicals of all time in the US. The show is inspired by the 1960 black comedy movie of the same name that was directed by Roger Corman and starred Jack Nicholson.", "precise_score": 1.9906376600265503, "rough_score": 3.430912733078003, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop Of Horrors Tickets - My Excite" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Interest in the film was rekindled when a stage musical called Little Shop of Horrors was produced in 1982. It was based on the original film and was itself adapted to cinema as Little Shop of Horrors, in 1986. An animated television series inspired by the musical film, Little Shop, premiered in 1991.", "precise_score": 6.1949615478515625, "rough_score": 8.41224193572998, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors - Free Streaming Movies - MovieZoot" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "While Little Shop composer Alan Menken and lyricist/book writer Howard Ashman found worldwide fame and won multiple Academy Awards for their scores for the films The Little Mermaid, Beauty and the Beast and Aladdin, their first success came when they decided to make a musical spoof of the Roger Corman 1960 sci-fi/horror filled, B-movie Little Shop of Horrors. In 1982 the show premiered Off Broadway and became a smash hit, running for five years. A semi-successful 1986 film version followed, featuring Rick Moranis and Steve Martin, and the musical is a continual favorite of regional theatres due to Menken's upbeat tunes, the fun characters, Ashman's charming and humorous book, and the overall quirky nature of the show. It's a black comedy musical with a big heart, big laughs, big toe-tapping songs and an even bigger plant as the star.", "precise_score": 5.566802024841309, "rough_score": 6.203315258026123, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors - Talkin'Broadway" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "There have been a handful of films that made their way to the stage only to be re-made for the screen again. Little Shop of Horrors, for example, began as a 1960 cult movie directed by Roger Corman. The musical adaptation premiered off-Broadway in 1982 where it ran for more than 5 years. In 1986, Frank…", "precise_score": 4.95889949798584, "rough_score": 8.09743881225586, "source": "search", "title": "Blog" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "‘Little Shop of Horrors’ (1982, stage musical) The cult around Corman’s film was such that Alan Menken and Howard Ashman — soon for “The Little Mermaid” — turned it into a campy but loving Off-Broadway musical filled with doo-wop, Motown and power ballads, plus a charming giant puppet that feasts on the cast.", "precise_score": 4.892880439758301, "rough_score": 7.105557441711426, "source": "search", "title": "The book is now the movie is now the musical: A listicle ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "‘Little Shop of Horrors’ (1986, film musical) By the mid-’80s the screen musical had been mostly dead for over a decade, killed by the likes of 1973’s disastrous redo of “Lost Horizon.” But it was alive enough to hoover up a hit show, made by the reliably morbid Frank Oz and with Rick Moranis and Ellen Green killing it as wallflowers trying not to get eaten. The show’s apocalyptic finale was retained, and super-sized, but re-shot after test audiences reacted in horror. This sequence was only officially restored to home video in 2012.", "precise_score": 1.338401436805725, "rough_score": 4.321111679077148, "source": "search", "title": "The book is now the movie is now the musical: A listicle ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Based on Roger Corman’s low-budget 1960 ‘B’ movie The Little Shop of Horrors, the show’s music was composed by Alan Menken, with the book and lyrics by Howard Ashman. The musical premiered Off-Off-Broadway in 1982 before moving to the Orpheum Theatre Off-Broadway, where it ran for five years.", "precise_score": 5.275353908538818, "rough_score": 7.565562725067139, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors | Carol Kassie" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Seasoned director Ian Waller, whose credits include Singin’ in the Rain and Mamma Mia!, has worked with a young Sage Academy cast to bring Little Shop of Horrors to the Newcastle stage (the original show premiered in 1982, inspired by a 1960 American comedy horror film).", "precise_score": 4.556950569152832, "rough_score": 6.068671703338623, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors out to thrill at Northern Stage ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Little Shop of Horrors is back in New York City this week, and with its original leading lady Ellen Greene reprising her legendary performance as Audrey. In honor of this exciting event, we're looking back to Little Shop's beginnings Off-Off-Broadway in 1982 with never-before-seen photos and brand-new interviews with its creators!", "precise_score": 3.4220283031463623, "rough_score": 3.994067907333374, "source": "search", "title": "Never-Before-Seen Pictures and Anecdotes from the Creation ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "However in spite of (or possibly partially because of) the show's humble beginnings, Little Shop of Horrors became a big hit nearly overnight once it premiered May 6, 1982. Suddenly Little Shop was a hot ticket, and the lines were around the block. As Menken described it, \"There is no experience quite like the birth of a hit musical. And Little Shop of Horrors was like an explosion.\"", "precise_score": 5.723817825317383, "rough_score": 7.022400379180908, "source": "search", "title": "Never-Before-Seen Pictures and Anecdotes from the Creation ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "  Producers quickly stepped up to transfer the production to a commercial open-ended Off-Broadway run, and these were no small-time producers either. When Little Shop of Horrors opened at the Orpheum Theatre a month later on July 27, 1982, it was produced by the WPA Theatre, the Shubert Organization , David Geffen and Cameron Mackintosh . Within just a few years, the show had major productions in Los Angeles, Chicago, Boston, London and Paris in addition to a national tour and, in 1987, a Japanese tour (starring American actors). In 1986, a movie adaptation was produced. Ellen Greene reprised her star-making turn as Audrey, acting alongside such comedy legends as Rick Moranis, Steve Martin , James Belushi, John Candy, Christopher Guest and Bill Murray. The film remains popular today, as does the stage version; it remains one of the most-produced musicals by regional, stock, amateur and high school theatre groups internationally.", "precise_score": 4.610565662384033, "rough_score": 6.3157219886779785, "source": "search", "title": "Never-Before-Seen Pictures and Anecdotes from the Creation ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Little Shop of Horrors is a horror comedy rock musical, by composer Alan Menken and writer Howard Ashman, about a hapless florist shop worker who raises a plant that feeds on human blood and flesh. The musical is based on the low-budget 1960 black comedy film The Little Shop of Horrors, directed by Roger Corman. The music, composed by Menken in the style of early 1960s rock and roll, doo-wop and early Motown, includes several well-known tunes, including the title song, \"Skid Row (Downtown)\", \"Somewhere That's Green\", and \"Suddenly, Seymour\".", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.018103990703821182, "source": "wiki", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors (musical)" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "An offstage voice recalls a time when the human race \"suddenly encountered a deadly threat to its very existence\". A trio of 1960s street urchins named Crystal, Ronette, and Chiffon set the scene (\"Little Shop of Horrors\") and comment on the action throughout the show. Seymour Krelborn is a poor young man, an orphan living in an urban skid row. Audrey is a pretty blonde with a fashion sense that leans towards the tacky. They lament their stations in life and the urban blight in their neighborhood (\"Skid Row (Downtown)\"). They are co-workers at Mushnik's Skid Row Florists, a run-down flower shop owned and operated by the cranky Mr. Mushnik. Seymour has recently obtained a mysterious plant that looks like a large venus flytrap. While he was browsing the wholesale flower district, a sudden eclipse of the sun occurred, and when the light returned, the weird plant had appeared (\"Da-Doo\"). Seymour is secretly in love with Audrey and names the plant Audrey II in her honor.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.441953659057617, "source": "wiki", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors (musical)" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "The musical had its world premiere Off-Off-Broadway on May 6, 1982 at the Workshop of the Players' Art (WPA) Theatre, playing there until June 6, 1982. It opened Off-Broadway at the Orpheum Theatre in Manhattan's East Village on July 27, 1982. The production, directed by Ashman, with musical staging by Edie Cowan, was critically acclaimed and won several awards including the 1982–1983 New York Drama Critics Circle Award for Best Musical, the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Musical, and the Outer Critics Circle Award. Howard Ashman wrote, in the introduction to the acting edition of the libretto, that the show \"satirizes many things: science fiction, 'B' movies, musical comedy itself, and even the Faust legend\".Ashman, Howard. Introductory notes, Little Shop of Horrors acting edition (1982)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.9349701404571533, "source": "wiki", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors (musical)" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "* Prologue (\"Little Shop of Horrors\") – Chiffon, Crystal, and Ronette", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.8939861059188843, "source": "wiki", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors (musical)" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "A production began previews on November 17, 2006 at the Menier Chocolate Factory. This revival, directed by Matthew White, featured a new Audrey II designed by David Farley, resembling the pitcher plant. The production was a critical and commercial success and transferred to the Duke of York's Theatre in London's West End in March 2007. In June 2007, the show transferred to the Ambassadors Theatre, where it ended its run on September 8, 2007. The cast featured Paul Keating as Seymour, Sheridan Smith as Audrey, Alistair McGowan as Orin, and Mike McShane providing the voice of Audrey II. Smith and McGowan received 2008 Laurence Olivier Award nominations, and the production was nominated for Best Musical Revival. The production toured the UK in 2008–2009.Roberts, John. [http://thepublicreviews.blogspot.com/2009/02/little-shop-of-horrors-theatre-royal.html \"Little Shop of Horrors – Theatre Royal Brighton,\"] February 17, 2009", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.717191219329834, "source": "wiki", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors (musical)" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Amateur productions of Little Shop of Horrors receive designs for building the puppets from MTI, as part of the rental scripts and scores, based on the original Martin P. Robinson designs. Some companies who have produced the show in the past and built their own puppets rent them out to other companies to recoup some of their construction costs. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.857516765594482, "source": "wiki", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors (musical)" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Little Shop Of Horrors Tickets", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.448915958404541, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop Of Horrors Tickets - My Excite" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Little Shop Of Horrors Tickets", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.448915958404541, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop Of Horrors Tickets - My Excite" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Little Shop Of Horrors Tickets", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.448915958404541, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop Of Horrors Tickets - My Excite" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "View Little Shop Of Horrors Tickets", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.628176212310791, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop Of Horrors Tickets - My Excite" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "The Grammy Award-winning team of lyricist Howard Ashman and composer Alan Menken worked on the lyrics, book and music for Little Shop of Horrors. Together, they have also received two Golden Globe Awards and two Academy Awards. They are responsible for the lyrics and music of Disney classics such as Oliver & Company, The Little Mermaid, Beauty and the Beast and Aladdin. With direction by Dick Scanlan and choreography by Patricia Wilcox, the new adapted Little Shop hit New York City Center’s main stage in summer 2015.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.877931594848633, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop Of Horrors Tickets - My Excite" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "In 2014, the Academy Award-nominated actor, Jake Gyllenhaal thrilled the audience with his performance in the movie Nightcrawler. Making his musical debut in Little Shop, he will take up the role of the nerdy Seymour. Acting alongside Gyllenhaal is Saturday Night Live cast member Taran Killam as the abusive boyfriend. The beautiful actress and singer Ellen Greene, who played Audrey in the 1986 remake Little Shop of Horrors, will reprise her role for this limited engagement. The manipulative bloodthirsty Audrey II will be voiced by Chuck Cooper.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.5062420964241028, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop Of Horrors Tickets - My Excite" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Summer 2015 at the New York City Center will be headlined by the Little Shop of Horrors. Theatergoers, critics, producers and musical lovers will be sure to enjoy the tongue in cheek comedy musical. The show will open for three performances held over two nights. So grab Little Shop of Horrors tickets and get this once in a lifetime opportunity to enjoy this brilliantly-crafted masterpiece.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.6822669506073, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop Of Horrors Tickets - My Excite" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Little Shop of Horrors - Free Streaming Movies - MovieZoot", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.9835143089294434, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors - Free Streaming Movies - MovieZoot" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Little Shop of Horrors", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.518425464630127, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors - Free Streaming Movies - MovieZoot" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "The Little Shop of Horrors is a 1960 American comedy horror film directed by Roger Corman. Written by Charles B. Griffith, the film is a farce about an inadequate florist’s assistant who cultivates a plant that feeds on human flesh and blood. The film’s concept is thought to be based on a 1932 story called “Green Thoughts”, by John Collier, about a man-eating plant. However, Dennis McDougal in Jack Nicholson’s biography suggests that Charles B. Griffith may have been influenced by Arthur C. Clarke’s sci-fi short story, “The Reluctant Orchid. The film stars Jonathan Haze, Jackie Joseph, Mel Welles and Dick Miller, all of whom had worked for Corman on previous films. Produced under the title The Passionate People Eater, the film employs an original style of humor, combining black comedy with farce and incorporating Jewish humor and elements of spoof. The Little Shop of Horrors was shot on a budget of $30,000 in two days utilizing sets that had been left standing from A Bucket of Blood.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.5364305973052979, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors - Free Streaming Movies - MovieZoot" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "The film slowly gained a cult following through word of mouth when it was distributed as the B movie in a double feature with Mario Bava’s Black Sunday and eventually with The Last Woman on Earth. The film’s popularity increased with local television broadcasts, in addition to the presence of a young Jack Nicholson, whose small role in the film has been prominently promoted on home video releases of the film. The movie was the basis for an Off Broadway musical, Little Shop of Horrors, which was made into a 1986 feature film and enjoyed a Broadway revival, all of which have attracted attention to the 1960 film.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.9622304439544678, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors - Free Streaming Movies - MovieZoot" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "The film was partially cast with stock actors that Corman had used in previous films. Writer Charles B. Griffith portrays several small roles. Griffith’s father appeared as a dental patient, and his grandmother, Myrtle Vail appeared as Seymour’s hypochondriac mother. Dick Miller, who had starred as the protagonist of A Bucket of Blood was offered the role of Seymour but turned it down, instead taking the smaller role of Burson Fouch. The cast rehearsed for three weeks before filming began. Principal photography of The Little Shop of Horrors was shot in two days and one night.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.127742290496826, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors - Free Streaming Movies - MovieZoot" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Talkin' Broadway Regional News & Reviews, Phoenix - \"Little Shop of Horrors\" - 8/25/14", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.467990875244141, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors - Talkin'Broadway" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "With a capable cast and smart direction, the audience-pleasing musical Little Shop of Horrors is receiving a scaled down but still rousing and fun-filled production from the Brelby Theatre Company in Glendale. The musical spoof of 1960s sci-fi films has an infectious score comprised of doo-wop, Motown and girl-group style ditties that help bring the story of a talking, man-eating plant to hilarious life.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.8119776248931885, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors - Talkin'Broadway" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Little Shop of Horrors is an extremely enjoyable show with plenty of laughs and some really great songs. The intimacy of the Brelby space not only lets the humor and charm of the show be more resonant, but also makes the ever growing Audrey II be prominent and literally \"in your face\" which is very effective. Sure, it might be a small, low-cost production, but with a fine cast and assured direction it proves you don't need elaborate budgets or even a large theatre when you have a director and cast that know what they are doing.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.772556304931641, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors - Talkin'Broadway" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "The Brelby Theatre Company production of Little Shop of Horrors runs through September 6th, 2014, with performances at 6835 N 58th Avenue in Glendale. Tickets are available at www.brelby.com or by phone at (623) 282-2781", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.955002784729004, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors - Talkin'Broadway" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "A young Jack Nicholson filed one of his first performances in the 1960 Roger Corman cheapie \"Little Shop of Horrors.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.446083068847656, "source": "search", "title": "The book is now the movie is now the musical: A listicle ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "'Little Shop of Horrors' devours itself", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.013820648193359, "source": "search", "title": "The book is now the movie is now the musical: A listicle ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "‘Little Shop of Horrors’ (1960, film) Even for a Roger Corman production, this dark comedy was penny-pinching: The famously thrifty filmmaker shot it in two days on a $28,000 budget (roughly $225,000 today), on sets left over from his “A Bucket of Blood.” The tale of a man-eating plant, it’s also notable for containing one of Jack Nicholson’s first screen turns, as a hyper-masochist who loves dentists (a role later played on film by Bill Murray).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.255025863647461, "source": "search", "title": "The book is now the movie is now the musical: A listicle ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Little Shop of Horrors | Carol Kassie", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.737809181213379, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors | Carol Kassie" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "BOCA RATON, FL: Little Shop of Horrors, Slow Burn Theatre Company’s final production in the West Boca High Performing Arts Theatre before moving to their new home at the Broward Center, is a devilishly delicious mash up of sci-fi and Broadway, fertilizer and Faust, and of rock, doo-wop, and Motown.   This ‘horror and rock-n-roll musical comedy’ has delighted audiences of all ages for over thirty years, and includes several well-known songs, including the title song, “Skid Row (Downtown)”, “Somewhere That’s Green”, and “Suddenly, Seymour”.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.290647029876709, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors | Carol Kassie" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Little Shop of Horrors tells the story of Seymour Krelborn, who stumbles across a new breed of plant he names “Audrey II” – after his coworker crush. This foul-mouthed, R & B-singing carnivore promises unending fame and fortune to the down and out Krelborn as long as he keeps feeding it… blood. Over time, Seymour discovers Audrey II’s out of this world origins and intent towards global domination!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.033539772033691, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors | Carol Kassie" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Little Shop of Horrors will be directed and choreographed by Carbonell Award-winning Director Patrick Fitzwater:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.9217540621757507, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors | Carol Kassie" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "The cast of Slow Burn Theatre’s Little Shop of Horrors includes Mike Westrich as Seymour Krelborn, Amy Miller Brennan as Audrey, Shane Tanner as Orin, and Matthew Korinko as Mushnick, along with Christine Alexander, Elisa Danielle, Nicole Dikum. Rick Peña and Gregory Johnson will handle plant duties as Audrey ll.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.321521282196045, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors | Carol Kassie" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Musical Direction for Little Shop of Horrors is by Andrew Gilbert, costumes are by Rick Peña, scenic design by Sean McClelland , lighting design by Lance Blank, and sound design is by Patrick Fitzwater.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.377175807952881, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors | Carol Kassie" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Sean McClelland’s set design for Slow Burn Theatre Company’s ‘Little Shop of Horrors’", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.741436004638672, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors | Carol Kassie" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Little Shop of Horrors will run for 12 performances – from June 5th through June 28th – at the West Boca Performing Arts Theater on the campus of West Boca Raton High School on Glades Road in Boca Raton. Performances are Fridays & Saturdays at 8pm, and Sundays at 2pm. Tickets can be purchased at http://slowburntheatre.org ,or by calling 866-811-4111.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.020626544952393, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors | Carol Kassie" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "For more information about Little Shop of Horrors or Slow Burn Theatre Company, please visit http://slowburntheatre.org or contact Matthew Korinko at [email protected] /954-323-7884 or Carol Kassie ( [email protected] / 561-445-9244 ).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.12594223022461, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors | Carol Kassie" }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Little Shop of Horrors out to thrill at Northern Stage - The Journal", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.997859001159668, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors out to thrill at Northern Stage ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Little Shop of Horrors out to thrill at Northern Stage", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.4553027153015137, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors out to thrill at Northern Stage ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Lewis Denny plays Seymour and Eleanor Faye Audrey in the Sage schools little shop of horrors", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.382041931152344, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors out to thrill at Northern Stage ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Little Shop of Horrors is the latest from SA Productions, the production arm of Byker’s Sage Academy where stagestruck youngsters learn performance skills from professionals.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.1623663902282715, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors out to thrill at Northern Stage ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Little Shop of Horrors director Ian Waller", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.435956001281738, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors out to thrill at Northern Stage ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Little Shop of Horrors is at Northern Stage on Tuesday, May 19 and Wednesday, May 20 at 7.30pm. Buy tickets via www.northernstage.co.uk or tel. 0191 2305151.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.076417446136475, "source": "search", "title": "Little Shop of Horrors out to thrill at Northern Stage ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Never-Before-Seen Pictures and Anecdotes from the Creation of Little Shop of Horrors! | Playbill", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.665257453918457, "source": "search", "title": "Never-Before-Seen Pictures and Anecdotes from the Creation ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Never-Before-Seen Pictures and Anecdotes from the Creation of Little Shop of Horrors!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.170363426208496, "source": "search", "title": "Never-Before-Seen Pictures and Anecdotes from the Creation ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Little Shop of Horrors , the beloved Off-Broadway musical, started its life as a cult-classic B-level horror film called \"The Little Shop of Horrors.\" Famous for being largely shot in two days and on a shoe-string budget, the film relies on an off-beat and dark sense of humor. It derives much of its charm from how bad it is, which, for most, would hardly make it a top candidate to be musicalized.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.3224828243255615, "source": "search", "title": "Never-Before-Seen Pictures and Anecdotes from the Creation ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Ashman didn’t let go of his vision, however, and he found support for the idea in Alan Menken , who would go on to write the score to Little Shop. Menken remembers the idea of musicalizing the Corman film being brought up very early-on in his collaboration with Ashman. \"The idea was of huge interest to me,\" Menken said. \"It felt like the story, the medium and timing was perfect.\" Ashman and Menken had had success with their first musical, God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater, but after its Off-Broadway run proved to be brief, they began working on adapting \"The Little Shop of Horrors.\" Initially, they found the tone difficult to get right. Early drafts of the score and script contain a lot more camp humor, which is understandable given the source material. But, as Menken put it, their \"stylistic take was not working.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.596962928771973, "source": "search", "title": "Never-Before-Seen Pictures and Anecdotes from the Creation ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Take a look at the Playbill from the original Off-Off-Broadway production of Little Shop of Horrors at the WPA theatre, available here online for the first time!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.556746006011963, "source": "search", "title": "Never-Before-Seen Pictures and Anecdotes from the Creation ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Flip through the Off-Broadway Playbill to Little Shop of Horrors with the complete original cast here!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.381904602050781, "source": "search", "title": "Never-Before-Seen Pictures and Anecdotes from the Creation ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Ashman's presence will be keenly felt this week when Encores! Off-Center brings Little Shop of Horrors back to New York in a concert presentation at New York's City Center. Poised to reprise the role she originated and defined for all actresses who played it after her is Ellen Greene, who will be playing Audrey in full for the first time since making the film adaptation nearly 30 years ago. When asked why she decided to recreate her performance for our Diva Talk interview , she said that it was \"mostly for my dearest Howard [Ashman] to live again.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.2427496910095215, "source": "search", "title": "Never-Before-Seen Pictures and Anecdotes from the Creation ..." }, { "answer": "Horrors", "passage": "Howard Ashman on the set of Little Shop of Horrors (Howard Ashman Papers, Music Division, Library of Congress, Washington DC.)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.126445293426514, "source": "search", "title": "Never-Before-Seen Pictures and Anecdotes from the Creation ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Despite Adele and Fred's teasing rivalry, they quickly acknowledged their individual strengths, his durability and her greater talent. Fred and Adele's mother suggested they change their name to \"Astaire,\" as she felt \"Austerlitz\" sounded reminiscent of the name of a battle. Family legend attributes the name to an uncle surnamed \"L'Astaire.\" They were taught dance, speaking, and singing in preparation for developing an act. Their first act was called Juvenile Artists Presenting an Electric Musical Toe-Dancing Novelty. Fred wore a top hat and tails in the first half and a lobster outfit in the second. In an interview, Astaire's daughter, Ava Astaire McKenzie, observed that they often put Fred in a top hat to make him look taller. The goofy act debuted in Keyport, New Jersey, in a \"tryout theater.\" The local paper wrote, \"the Astaires are the greatest child act in vaudeville.\" ", "precise_score": -0.24071668088436127, "rough_score": -3.0316567420959473, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "As a result of their father's salesmanship, Fred and Adele rapidly landed a major contract and played the famed Orpheum Circuit in the Midwest, Western and some Southern cities in the United States. Soon Adele grew to at least three inches taller than Fred and the pair began to look incongruous. The family decided to take a two-year break from show business to let time take its course and to avoid trouble from the Gerry Society and the child labor laws of the time. In 1912, Fred became an Episcopalian. The career of the Astaire siblings resumed with mixed fortunes, though with increasing skill and polish, as they began to incorporate tap dancing into their routines. Astaire's dancing was inspired by Bill \"Bojangles\" Robinson and John \"Bubbles\" Sublett. From vaudeville dancer Aurelio Coccia, they learned the tango, waltz, and other ballroom dances popularized by Vernon and Irene Castle. Some sources state that the Astaire siblings appeared in a 1915 film titled Fanchon, the Cricket, starring Mary Pickford, but the Astaires have consistently denied this. ", "precise_score": 2.0484511852264404, "rough_score": 0.06088109314441681, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "They followed up with several more shows, and of their work in \"The Passing Show of 1918,\" Heywood Broun wrote: \"In an evening in which there was an abundance of good dancing, Fred Astaire stood out ... He and his partner, Adele Astaire, made the show pause early in the evening with a beautiful loose-limbed dance.\" ", "precise_score": 1.132434606552124, "rough_score": -5.30963659286499, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "During the 1920s, Fred and Adele appeared on Broadway and on the London stage in shows such as Jerome Kern's The Bunch and Judy (1922), George and Ira Gershwin's Lady Be Good (1924), and Funny Face (1927) and later in The Band Wagon (1931), winning popular acclaim with the theater crowd on both sides of the Atlantic. By then, Astaire's tap dancing was recognized as among the best, as Robert Benchley wrote in 1930, \"I don't think that I will plunge the nation into war by stating that Fred is the greatest tap-dancer in the world.\"", "precise_score": 2.162944793701172, "rough_score": -1.7777001857757568, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "They split in 1932 when Adele married her first husband, Lord Charles Arthur Francis Cavendish, a son of the Duke of Devonshire. Fred went on to achieve success on his own on Broadway and in London with Gay Divorce (later made into the film The Gay Divorcee), while considering offers from Hollywood. The end of the partnership was traumatic for Astaire but stimulated him to expand his range.", "precise_score": 1.2480800151824951, "rough_score": -1.8976109027862549, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "His next partner, Lucille Bremer, was featured in two lavish vehicles, both directed by Vincente Minnelli: the fantasy Yolanda and the Thief, which featured an avant-garde surrealistic ballet, and the musical revue Ziegfeld Follies (1946), which featured a memorable teaming of Astaire with Gene Kelly to \"The Babbit and the Bromide,\" a Gershwin song Astaire had introduced with his sister Adele back in 1927. While Follies was a hit, Yolanda bombed at the box office and Astaire, ever insecure and believing his career was beginning to falter, surprised his audiences by announcing his retirement during the production of Blue Skies (1946), nominating \"Puttin' on the Ritz\" as his farewell dance.", "precise_score": 1.5959957838058472, "rough_score": -3.5377840995788574, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire also co-introduced a number of song classics via song duets with his partners. For example, with his sister Adele, he co-introduced the Gershwins' \"I'll Build a Stairway to Paradise\" from Stop Flirting (1923), \"Fascinating Rhythm\" in Lady, Be Good (1924), \"Funny Face\" in Funny Face (1927); and, in duets with Ginger Rogers, he presented Irving Berlin's \"I'm Putting all My Eggs in One Basket\" in Follow the Fleet (1936), Jerome Kern's \"Pick Yourself Up\" and \"A Fine Romance\" in Swing Time (1936), along with The Gershwins' \"Let's Call The Whole Thing Off\" from Shall We Dance (1937). With Judy Garland, he sang Irving Berlin's \"A Couple of Swells\" from Easter Parade (1948); and, with Jack Buchanan, Oscar Levant, and Nanette Fabray he delivered Arthur Schwartz and Howard Dietz's \"That's Entertainment\" from The Band Wagon (1953).", "precise_score": -1.2159711122512817, "rough_score": -4.64953088760376, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "* 1982: The Anglo-American Contemporary Dance Foundation announces creation of the Astaire Awards \"to honor Fred Astaire and his sister Adele and to reward the achievement of an outstanding dancer or dancers\". The awards have since been renamed [http://www.theastaireawards.org The Fred and Adele Astaire Awards]", "precise_score": 4.236795902252197, "rough_score": -2.837475538253784, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Adele Astaire (born Adele Marie Austerlitz; September 10, 1896 – January 25, 1981) was an American dancer, stage actress and singer. She was Fred Astaire's elder sister, and his partner in a 27-year career in vaudeville and theater, beginning when he was five and she was eight. ", "precise_score": 5.839191436767578, "rough_score": 7.732587814331055, "source": "wiki", "title": "Adele Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "In 1905 Adele Astaire had a successful vaudeville act with her younger brother, Fred Astaire. After 1917 they developed it into a celebrated adult career on Broadway and, beginning in 1923, on the London stage. Adele was the bigger and more charismatic star of the two during their time performing together. Peter Pan creator J. M. Barrie asked Adele to play his creation; contractual reasons forced her to turn down the part.", "precise_score": 6.555498123168945, "rough_score": 7.394606113433838, "source": "wiki", "title": "Adele Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "After Fred Astaire's success in Hollywood, Adele gave serious consideration in 1935 to making a musical film there. She visited Hollywood and appeared in January 1936 on the Music Variety Show, but she admitted to feeling intimidated by her brother's reputation. During their partnership, Fred, whose perfectionism earned him the nickname \"Moaning Minnie\" from her, had always been the dominant creative force. In 1937 Adele began filming in England with Jack Buchanan and Maurice Chevalier but withdrew after two days. She later recalled: \"Oh boy, if my brother Fred sees this—I'm gone\". There is no known film record of Adele performing (aside from a clip lasting a few seconds), but she made eight audio recordings, all duets with either Fred, George Vollaire or Bernard Clifton. ", "precise_score": 3.430807590484619, "rough_score": -1.6075663566589355, "source": "wiki", "title": "Adele Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "On May 9, 1932, after a successful stint with Fred in the revue The Band Wagon (1931) on Broadway, Adele Astaire retired from the stage to marry Lord Charles Cavendish, the second son of the 9th Duke of Devonshire, and moved to Ireland, where they lived at Lismore Castle. She had three children, a daughter in 1933 and twin sons in 1935, all of whom died soon after birth. By this marriage, she was properly styled Lady Charles Cavendish and would have been called Lady Charles in social circumstances.", "precise_score": 1.6041446924209595, "rough_score": 0.5751902461051941, "source": "wiki", "title": "Adele Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "In 1972, Fred and Adele Astaire were inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame. ", "precise_score": 4.131464958190918, "rough_score": -2.775705337524414, "source": "wiki", "title": "Adele Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Appeared in \"An Evening with Fred Astaire\" (NBC), the first of four highly acclaimed, Emmy-winning TV specials over the span of a decade, partnering him with dancer Barrie Chase; won Emmy", "precise_score": -3.3852133750915527, "rough_score": -5.454270839691162, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire | Biography and Filmography | 1899" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Signed by MGM; worked on first film there, the all-star revue, \"Ziegfeld Follies\", which featured \"The Babbitt and the Bromide\", a comic dance number which paired him with Gene Kelly; Astaire had introduced the number on Broadway with his sister Adele in", "precise_score": 4.1469502449035645, "rough_score": 6.113583564758301, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire | Biography and Filmography | 1899" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred And Adele Astaire | The Stars | Broadway: The American Musical | PBS", "precise_score": 4.226867198944092, "rough_score": 1.427170991897583, "source": "search", "title": "Fred And Adele Astaire | The Stars | Broadway: The ..." }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred And Adele Astaire", "precise_score": 3.943509578704834, "rough_score": -3.5572149753570557, "source": "search", "title": "Fred And Adele Astaire | The Stars | Broadway: The ..." }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "The dancing partner who made Fred Astaire famous isn’t the one most people remember. Fred, born in 1899, and his sister, Adele, a year his senior, were the children of an Austrian immigrant named Austerlitz who had settled in Omaha, Nebraska. Their mother had a notion that they should learn to dance, so they journeyed east to New York in 1903 and began a long vaudeville career as a boy-and-girl specialty duo. The transition to adulthood was an awkward one for the Astaires; it was not until 1917 that their charm and dancing specialties reached a Broadway audience. They were featured in several revues from then on, and it was the gamine Adele, not her more serious and disciplined brother, who usually got the better notices. He didn’t mind; he’d rather spend his time crafting new numbers or innovative steps for them to master.", "precise_score": 4.925074100494385, "rough_score": 3.543978691101074, "source": "search", "title": "Fred And Adele Astaire | The Stars | Broadway: The ..." }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred had known George Gershwin since 1916, when he went to the composer looking for a vaudeville number. They had vowed they’d work together some day; that day came on December 1, 1924, when the Astaires headlined George and Ira’s first full-length New York musical, “Lady, Be Good!” Playing a brother-and-sister dance team down on their luck, the Astaires had found the perfect vehicle for their talents. George not only provided them with some of their best tunes, he suggested a couple of dance steps to help Fred with the ending for “The Half of It, Dearie, Blues.” Fred got his first solo, while the romantic end of things was held down by his sister and the leading man. It proved to be such a felicitous match that critic Alexander Woollcott later wrote, “I do not know whether Gershwin was born into this world to write rhythms for Fred Astaire’s feet or whether Fred Astaire was born into this world to show how the Gershwin music should really be danced.”", "precise_score": -0.5191388726234436, "rough_score": -2.1495840549468994, "source": "search", "title": "Fred And Adele Astaire | The Stars | Broadway: The ..." }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred And Adele Astaire", "precise_score": 3.943509578704834, "rough_score": -3.5572149753570557, "source": "search", "title": "Fred And Adele Astaire | The Stars | Broadway: The ..." }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "The Astaires followed up that success with another Gershwin smash, “Funny Face” (1927), where Adele got to introduce “‘S Wonderful.” When the show made its inevitable visit to London, Adele met a stage-door Johnnie from the B-list of the British aristocracy and was soon engaged to be married. Mindful of her incipient retirement from the stage, the duo made sure their 1931 appearance in “The Band Wagon” would be an appropriate finale to their partnership. It was one of the finest revues of the period, with an impeccable Schwartz-Dietz score including “A New Sun in the Sky,” in which Fred dressed for a night on the town in an attempt to beef up his stage presence so that his transition into a solo career would be easier. That transition occurred in 1932 with Astaire’s introduction of “Night and Day” in Cole Porter’s “Gay Divorce.” “Fred struggled on without [Adele] for a while,” wrote Guy Bolton and P. G. Wodehouse,” but finally threw his hand in and disappeared. There is a rumor that he turned up in Hollywood. It was the best the poor chap could hope for after losing his brilliant sister.”", "precise_score": 1.4857745170593262, "rough_score": -1.108949899673462, "source": "search", "title": "Fred And Adele Astaire | The Stars | Broadway: The ..." }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire was born in Omaha, Nebraska, to Johanna (Geilus) and Fritz Austerlitz, a brewer. Fred entered show business at age 5. He was successful both in vaudeville and on Broadway in partnership with his sister, Adele Astaire . After Adele retired to marry in 1932, Astaire headed to Hollywood. Signed to RKO, he was loaned to MGM to appear in Dancing Lady (1933) before starting work on RKO's Flying Down to Rio (1933). In the latter film, he began his highly successful partnership with Ginger Rogers , with whom he danced in 9 RKO pictures. During these years, he was also active in recording and radio. On film, Astaire later appeared opposite a number of partners through various studios. After a temporary retirement in 1945-7, during which he opened Fred Astaire Dance Studios, Astaire returned to film to star in more musicals through 1957. He subsequently performed a number of straight dramatic roles in film and TV.", "precise_score": 6.278929233551025, "rough_score": 6.896059513092041, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire, born in 1899, began show business at the age of 5, performing on Broadway and in vaudeville with his sister, Adele. Then he headed to Hollywood where he began a successful partnership with Ginger Rogers for nine movies.", "precise_score": 7.183155536651611, "rough_score": 7.7354865074157715, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire Biography - Fred Astaire Dance Studios" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Although famous for his magical partnership with Ginger Rogers, Fred Astaire also danced with the leading ladies of his time, including Cyd Charisse, Lucille Bremer, Joan Leslie, Leslie Caron, Vera Ellen, Barrie Chase, Judy Garland, Eleanor Powell and Rita Hayworth.", "precise_score": -1.5814088582992554, "rough_score": -4.857610702514648, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire Biography - Fred Astaire Dance Studios" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Adele? Yes, his sister, Adele. For the duration of their astonishing 27-year partnership, the longest in his life — it began when Fred was 5 and Adele 8 — she was the undisputed star of the duo. In her fascinating new book, “The Astaires,” the Australian theater historian Kathleen Riley describes the exploits of this brother-sister team in glorious detail. And it becomes clear that it was behind and beside, but never in front of, Adele that Fred learned not only how to dance, but how to present a woman, honor her and make her glow. It is now a mostly lost art, hard-won equality having removed woman’s pedestal and left her prevaricating in the ditch of parallelism.", "precise_score": 5.798842430114746, "rough_score": 4.292269706726074, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Stage partners: Adele and Fred Astaire in the 1920s. Their 27-year career together began when he was 5 and she was 8. She was the undisputed star of the duo. Credit From “The Astaires”", "precise_score": 4.1916985511779785, "rough_score": -2.5093297958374023, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "During their last, and best, year in vaudeville, in 1917, the Astaires received telegrams from both an agent for the Shuberts — resulting in a two-year Broadway contract — and the impresario Charles Dillingham, who presented them in “Apple Blossoms” at his Globe Theater (now the Lunt-Fontanne) in 1919. “We killed ’em in the first act,” Fred said, “and ‘panicked ’em’ in the third.” The score was by Fritz Kreisler, who played for their rehearsals. Of the Astaires’ performance in “For Goodness Sake,” in 1922 (which featured their star turn in the show’s “nut” number, “The Whichness of the Whatness”), a critic raved, “Somewhere, sometimes perhaps there may have been a more charming juvenile team than Fred and Adele, but certainly not in the memory of anyone in the audience that filled the Lyric Theater.”", "precise_score": 2.6349480152130127, "rough_score": -3.0750396251678467, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Adele and Fred Astaire in 1911. Credit Courtesy Antoine Dutot Museum & Gallery", "precise_score": 1.4409054517745972, "rough_score": -5.011828422546387, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Back in the States they signed to star in the first Broadway collaboration by the Gershwin brothers, “Black-Eyed Susan.” When the show premiered, happily renamed “Lady, Be Good!,” Alexander Woollcott wrote that Fred Astaire’s feet and Gershwin’s music surely “were written in the same key.” “The Man I Love” was created for Adele, but the elegiac ballad was thought to slow up Act II and was cut. It went on to quite a solo career, recorded by Billie Holiday, Lena Horne and Ella Fitzgerald, though alas never by Adele, its inspiration. Showbiz.", "precise_score": -0.29018130898475647, "rough_score": -0.7914460897445679, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "After a bomb called “Smiles,” the Astaires starred in the musical revue “The Band Wagon” in 1931. (The subsequent 1953 film with Astaire and Cyd Charisse bore little resemblance to the original.) It was to be Adele’s swan song before she retired from the stage, at 35, to marry Lord Charles Cavendish and move into his 200-room, one-bathroom (according to Adele) castle in Ireland.", "precise_score": 1.7251399755477905, "rough_score": -0.4437582492828369, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Whether Fred would have a career of his own after losing Adele was a subject of considerable conjecture in the press. His first solo foray, in “Gay Divorce,” with Claire Luce, was inconclusive, with one critic contending, “two Astaires are better than one.” Both his mother and his sister were leading skeptics, possibly for selfish reasons, and together waged a war against their beloved Fred’s even marrying a lovely, young divorced socialite, Phyllis Potter, on whom he had set his heart in a two-year pursuit. Adele went so far as to say she wished her brother was gay, so he would never leave her, while Ann Astaire monitored his every move — he was, apparently, still living with her.", "precise_score": 3.0676157474517822, "rough_score": -2.87101674079895, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Adele’s marriage was unhappy and resulted in the stillborn births of a daughter and twins, followed by a miscarriage, alongside the devastating progression of her husband’s acute alcoholism. Lord Cavendish, eventually an invalid in his own castle, died in 1944, age 38. The following year Irving Berlin asked Adele to return to the stage to play Annie Oakley in “Annie Get Your Gun,” but Adele declined and remarried instead. (Hello, Ethel Merman.) During the war years she volunteered in London at the Ameri­can Red Cross, dancing with the troops and writing letters for the wounded G.I.’s to send home, signing them, in a moving show of how her fame had receded, “Adele Astaire, Fred’s sister” — and there she will always remain, “Fred’s sister.”", "precise_score": 2.8401103019714355, "rough_score": -4.759146213531494, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "When Astaire was given a Life Achievement Award by the American Film Institute, in 1981, he was 81 years old. As he took the stage a single ring shone on his elegant hands: the gold signet pinky ring that Adele had given him in London over 50 years earlier. This ring can be seen in virtually all his films, circling his finger as he circles the waists of one beautiful woman after another. “My sister, Adele,” he said in his unscripted speech, “was mostly responsible for my being in show business. She was the whole show, she really was. In all the vaudeville acts we had and the musical comedies we did together, Delly was the one that was the shining light and I was just there pushing away.” Just pushing away. Like Bach.", "precise_score": 1.3139666318893433, "rough_score": -2.076047897338867, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Stars of Vaudeville #154: Fred and Adele Astaire | Travalanche", "precise_score": 7.3654656410217285, "rough_score": 8.007173538208008, "source": "search", "title": "Stars of Vaudeville #154: Fred and Adele Astaire | Travalanche" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Stars of Vaudeville #154: Fred and Adele Astaire", "precise_score": 7.768435001373291, "rough_score": 8.090651512145996, "source": "search", "title": "Stars of Vaudeville #154: Fred and Adele Astaire | Travalanche" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "The Austerlitz kids were born in Omaha: Adele on September 10, 1896, Fred on this day (May 10) three years later. Their father, who was from Austria, worked in a brewery. There was no history of show business in the family apart from Mr. Astaire’s appreciation for the industry as a fan. What started the ball rolling was the fact that Adele – like nearly every other middle-class girl her age – enrolled in a dance class. The teachers at Chambers Dancing Academy quickly identified her as a prodigy. Their father, a subscriber to the New York Clipper, spotted an ad for Claude Alvienne’s dancing school and sent Mrs. Astaire with both children to New York to enroll Adele.  Fred, who was four at the time, was also enrolled although he had shown no particular talent at that point. At the school, the children also took acting classes. In one early recital, Adele played Cyrano and Fred played Rosanne! Their mother taught them their regular subjects, but the family was focused like a laser beam on developing the childrens’ talents. Mrs. Astaire brought them to see The Soul Kiss featuring Danish ballet star Adeleine Green 28 times.", "precise_score": -0.21161313354969025, "rough_score": -5.163227558135986, "source": "search", "title": "Stars of Vaudeville #154: Fred and Adele Astaire | Travalanche" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire, born in 1899, began show business at the age of 5, performing on Broadway and in vaudeville with his sister, Adele. Then he headed to Hollywood where he began a successful partnership with Ginger Rogers for nine movies.", "precise_score": 7.183155536651611, "rough_score": 7.7354865074157715, "source": "search", "title": "Mr. Fred Astaire | Biography" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Although famous for his magical partnership with Ginger Rogers, Fred Astaire also danced with the leading ladies of his time, including Cyd Charisse, Lucille Bremer, Joan Leslie, Leslie Caron, Vera Ellen, Barrie Chase, Judy Garland, Eleanor Powell and Rita Hayworth.", "precise_score": -1.581405520439148, "rough_score": -4.857610702514648, "source": "search", "title": "Mr. Fred Astaire | Biography" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire was born Frederick Austerlitz in Omaha, Nebraska, in 1899 to German immigrants who came to the United States just a few years before his birth. His sister Adele showed talent at a young age for singing and dancing, and their mother, Johanna, dreamed of escaping the mundane life of Nebraska by promoting her children in a vaudeville dancing act. Although young Fred wouldn't take dancing lessons, he quickly learned the steps his sister showed him. The brother and sister adopted the stage name \"Astaire\" in 1905 at the start of their dancing career. By the next year, Fred and Adele were touted as the \"greatest child act in vaudeville.\"", "precise_score": 4.583076000213623, "rough_score": 2.931565761566162, "source": "search", "title": "Aiken History - Fred Astaire | Aiken Regional" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "The brother-sister dance team made their vaudeville debut with an act called “Juvenile Artists Presenting An Electric Musical Toe-Dancing Novelty.” They continued to perform together into their thirties, only separating when Adele quit dancing to marry a British nobleman. Throughout this time, according to The New York Times , Fred consistently played second fiddle to his glamorous and talented sister. While audiences loved the siblings, critics tended to focus more on Adele than Fred. One critic even went as far as to profess his love for Adele in a headline for The Chicago Herald-Examiner which read, “Falling in Love With Adele Astaire. In Which It Is Told How the Well-Known Heart of Ashton Stevens Is Stricken by the Deftest of the Dancing Girls.” When Fred began performing without his sister, critics were initially dubious (“two Astaires are better than one” wrote one critic of Fred’s first musical performance without Adele).", "precise_score": 6.137688159942627, "rough_score": 5.992380142211914, "source": "search", "title": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire | Mental Floss" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Though Astaire is best remembered for his films with Rogers, he worked with a wide range of film and theater legends throughout his eight-decade career. Just a few of those collaborators include Francis Ford Coppola, who directed Astaire in the musical Finian’s Rainbow (1968); Audrey Hepburn, who appeared with Astaire in the 1957 film adaptation of Funny Face (a musical originally written specifically for Fred and his sister by George Gershwin in 1927); Irving Berlin, who composed the music for many of Astaire’s films; and Bing Crosby, with whom he co-starred in three films. Though he was best known for his dance films, Astaire also appeared in a handful of non-musical films, including The Notorious Landlady (1962) which also starred Kim Novak and Jack Lemmon, and The Towering Inferno (1974). His final film, the 1981 horror movie Ghost Story, was also the final film of Douglas Fairbanks, Jr.", "precise_score": -1.5682193040847778, "rough_score": -4.986149311065674, "source": "search", "title": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire | Mental Floss" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Few would argue with the opinion that American entertainer Fred Astaire was the greatest dancer ever seen on film. Born to a wealthy Omaha family, young Astaire was trained at the Alvienne School of Dance and the Ned Wayburn School of Dancing. In a double act with his sister Adele, Fred danced in cabarets, vaudeville houses, and music halls all over the world before he was 20. The Astaires reportedly made their film bow in a 1917 Mary Pickford vehicle, same year of their first major Broadway success, Over the Top. The two headlined one New York stage hit after another in the 1920s, their grace and sophistication spilling into their social life, in which they hobnobbed with literary and theatrical giants, as well as millionaires and European royalty. When Adele married the British Lord Charles Cavendish in 1931, Fred found himself soloing for the first time in his life.", "precise_score": 5.914241790771484, "rough_score": 4.782465934753418, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire | Biography, Movie Highlights and Photos ..." }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire (born Frederick Austerlitz; May 10, 1899 – June 22, 1987) was an American dancer, singer, actor, choreographer and television presenter.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.038895130157471, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Gene Kelly, another major innovator in filmed dance, said that \"the history of dance on film begins with Astaire.\" Beyond film and television, many noted dancers and choreographers, including Rudolf Nureyev, Sammy Davis, Jr., Michael Jackson, Gregory Hines, Mikhail Baryshnikov, George Balanchine, Jerome Robbins, and Madhuri Dixit, also acknowledged his importance and influence. Astaire ranks as the fifth greatest male star of Classic Hollywood cinema in AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.031974792480469, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire was born in Omaha, Nebraska, the son of Johanna \"Ann\" (née Geilus) and Frederic \"Fritz\" Austerlitz (born September 8, 1868 as Friedrich Emanuel Austerlitz). Astaire's mother was born in the United States to Lutheran German immigrants from East Prussia and Alsace. Astaire's father was born in Linz, Austria, to Jewish parents who had converted to Roman Catholicism. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.931601524353027, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "After arriving in New York City at age 24 on October 26, 1892, and being inspected at Ellis Island, Astaire's father, hoping to find work in his brewing trade, moved to Omaha, Nebraska, and landed a job with the Storz Brewing Company. Astaire's mother dreamed of escaping Omaha by virtue of her children's talents, after Astaire's sister, Adele Astaire, early on revealed herself to be an instinctive dancer and singer. She planned a \"brother and sister act,\" which was common in vaudeville at the time. Although Astaire refused dance lessons at first, he easily mimicked his older sister's steps and took up piano, accordion, and clarinet.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.588950157165527, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "By age 14, Fred had taken on the musical responsibilities for their act. He first met George Gershwin, who was working as a song plugger for Jerome H. Remick's music publishing company, in 1916. Fred had already been hunting for new music and dance ideas. Their chance meeting was to deeply affect the careers of both artists. Astaire was always on the lookout for new steps on the circuit and was starting to demonstrate his ceaseless quest for novelty and perfection. The Astaires broke into Broadway in 1917 with Over the Top, a patriotic revue. The Astaires performed for U.S. and Allied troops at this time too.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.40966510772705, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "By this time, Astaire's dancing skill was beginning to outshine his sister's, though she still set the tone of their act and her sparkle and humor drew much of the attention, owing in part to Fred's careful preparation and strong supporting choreography.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.020650863647461, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "After the close of Funny Face, the Astaires went to Hollywood for a screen test (now lost) at Paramount Pictures, but Paramount deemed them unsuitable for films.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.981939315795898, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Free of the brother-sister constraints of the former pairing and working with new partner Claire Luce, Fred created a romantic partnered dance to Cole Porter's \"Night and Day,\" which had been written for Gay Divorce. Luce stated that she had to encourage him to take a more romantic approach: \"Come on, Fred, I'm not your sister, you know.\" The success of the stage play was credited to this number and, when recreated in The Gay Divorcee (1934), the film version of the play, it ushered in a new era in filmed dance. Recently, film footage taken by Fred Stone of Astaire performing in Gay Divorce with Luce's successor, Dorothy Stone, in New York in 1933 was uncovered by dancer and historian Betsy Baytos and now represents the earliest known performance footage of Astaire. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.483039379119873, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "1933–1939: Astaire and Rogers at RKO", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.096037864685059, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "According to Hollywood folklore, a screen test report on Astaire for RKO Radio Pictures, now lost along with the test, is reported to have read: \"Can't sing. Can't act. Balding. Can dance a little.\" The producer of the Astaire-Rogers pictures, Pandro S. Berman, claimed he had never heard the story in the 1930s and that it only emerged years afterwards. Astaire later clarified, insisting that the report had actually read: \"Can't act. Slightly bald. Also dances\". In any case, the test was clearly disappointing, and David O. Selznick, who had signed Astaire to RKO and commissioned the test, stated in a memo, \"I am uncertain about the man, but I feel, in spite of his enormous ears and bad chin line, that his charm is so tremendous that it comes through even on this wretched test.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.1651029586792, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": " However, this did not affect RKO's plans for Astaire, first lending him for a few days to MGM in 1933 for his significant Hollywood debut, where he appeared as himself dancing with Joan Crawford in the successful musical film Dancing Lady. On his return to RKO, he got fifth billing after fourth billed Ginger Rogers in the 1933 Dolores del Río vehicle Flying Down to Rio. In a review, Variety magazine attributed its massive success to Astaire's presence:The main point of Flying Down to Rio is the screen promise of Fred Astaire ... He's assuredly a bet after this one, for he's distinctly likable on the screen, the mike is kind to his voice and as a dancer he remains in a class by himself. The latter observation will be no news to the profession, which has long admitted that Astaire starts dancing where the others stop hoofing.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.387591361999512, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Having already been linked to his sister Adele on stage, Astaire was initially very reluctant to become part of another dance team. He wrote his agent, \"I don't mind making another picture with her, but as for this 'team' idea, it's 'out!' I've just managed to live down one partnership and I don't want to be bothered with any more.\" However, he was persuaded by the obvious public appeal of the Astaire-Rogers pairing. The partnership, and the choreography of Astaire and Hermes Pan, helped make dancing an important element of the Hollywood film musical.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.887785911560059, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire and Rogers made nine films together, including The Gay Divorcee (1934), Roberta (1935), Top Hat (1935), Follow the Fleet (1936), Swing Time (1936), Shall We Dance (1937), and Carefree (1938). Six out of the nine Astaire-Rogers musicals became the biggest moneymakers for RKO; all of the films brought a certain prestige and artistry that all studios coveted at the time. Their partnership elevated them both to stardom; as Katharine Hepburn reportedly said, \"He gives her class and she gives him sex appeal.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.795754432678223, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire received a percentage of the films' profits, something extremely rare in actors' contracts at that time.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.311932563781738, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire was also given complete autonomy over how the dances would be presented, allowing him to revolutionize dance on film. He is credited with two important innovations in early film musicals. First, he insisted that an almost stationary camera film a dance routine in a single shot, if possible, while holding the dancers in full view at all times. Astaire famously quipped: \"Either the camera will dance, or I will.\" Astaire maintained this policy from The Gay Divorcee in 1934 onwards until his last film musical, Finian's Rainbow, made in 1968, when he was overruled by director Francis Ford Coppola. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.666804313659668, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire's style of dance sequences, which allowed the viewer to follow the dancers and choreography in their entirety, clearly contrasted with the Busby Berkeley musicals, which were known for dance sequences filled with extravagant aerial shots, quick takes, and zooms on certain areas of the body, such as a chorus row of arms or legs. Astaire's second innovation involved the context of the dance; he was adamant that all song and dance routines be seamlessly integrated into the plotlines of the film. Instead of using dance as spectacle as Busby Berkeley did, Astaire used it to move the plot along. Typically, an Astaire picture would include at least three standard dances: a solo performance by Astaire—which he termed his \"sock solo\", a partnered comedy dance routine, and a partnered romantic dance routine.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.01424503326416, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Dance commentators Arlene Croce, Hannah Hyam and John Mueller consider Rogers to have been Astaire's greatest dance partner, a view sharedGiles, p. 33 Pan: \"I do not think Eleanor Powell was Fred's greatest dancing partner. I think Ginger Rogers was. Not that she was the greatest of dancers. Cyd Charisse was a much finer technical dancer\" by Hermes Pan and Stanley Donen. Film critic Pauline Kael adopts a more neutral stance, while Time magazine film critic Richard Schickel writes \"The nostalgia surrounding Rogers-Astaire tends to bleach out other partners.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.680985450744629, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Rogers was outstanding among Astaire's partners not because she was superior to others as a dancer, but because, as a skilled, intuitive actress, she was cagey enough to realize that acting did not stop when dancing began ... the reason so many women have fantasized about dancing with Fred Astaire is that Ginger Rogers conveyed the impression that dancing with him is the most thrilling experience imaginable.According to Astaire, \"Ginger had never danced with a partner before Flying Down to Rio. She faked it an awful lot. She couldn't tap and she couldn't do this and that ... but Ginger had style and talent and improved as she went along. She got so that after a while everyone else who danced with me looked wrong.\" In his book Ginger: Salute to a Star author Dick Richards quotes Astaire saying to Raymond Rohauer, curator of the New York Gallery of Modern Art, \"Ginger was brilliantly effective. She made everything work for her. Actually she made things very fine for both of us and she deserves most of the credit for our success.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.367884635925293, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "For her part, Rogers described Astaire's uncompromising standards extending to the whole production: \"Sometimes he'll think of a new line of dialogue or a new angle for the story ... they never know what time of night he'll call up and start ranting enthusiastically about a fresh idea ... No loafing on the job on an Astaire picture, and no cutting corners.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.268686294555664, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire was still unwilling to have his career tied exclusively to any partnership, however. He negotiated with RKO to strike out on his own with A Damsel in Distress in 1937 with an inexperienced, non-dancing Joan Fontaine, unsuccessfully as it turned out. He returned to make two more films with Rogers, Carefree (1938) and The Story of Vernon and Irene Castle (1939). While both films earned respectable gross incomes, they both lost money because of increased production costs, and Astaire left RKO, after being labeled \"box office poison\" by the Independent Film Journal. Astaire was reunited with Rogers in 1949 at MGM for their final outing, The Barkleys of Broadway, the only one of their films together to be shot in Technicolor.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.507295608520508, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "In 1939, Astaire left RKO to freelance and pursue new film opportunities, with mixed though generally successful outcomes. Throughout this period, Astaire continued to value the input of choreographic collaborators and, unlike the 1930s when he worked almost exclusively with Hermes Pan, he tapped the talents of other choreographers in an effort to continually innovate. His first post-Ginger dance partner was the redoubtable Eleanor Powell—considered the finest female tap-dancer of her generation—in Broadway Melody of 1940 where they performed a celebrated extended dance routine to Cole Porter's \"Begin the Beguine.\" In his autobiography Steps in Time, Astaire remarked, \"She 'put 'em down like a man,' no ricky-ticky-sissy stuff with Ellie. She really knocked out a tap dance in a class by herself.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.589447975158691, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "He made two pictures with Rita Hayworth, the daughter of his former vaudeville dance idols, the Cansinos. The first, You'll Never Get Rich (1941), catapulted Hayworth to stardom and provided Astaire his third on-screen opportunity to integrate Latin American dance idioms into his style (the first being with Ginger Rogers in \"The Carioca\" number from \"Flying Down to Rio\" (1933). The second, again with Rogers, was the \"Dengozo\" dance from \"The Story of Vernon and Irene Castle\" (1939)), taking advantage of Hayworth's professional Latin dance pedigree. His second film with Hayworth, You Were Never Lovelier (1942), was equally successful and featured a duet to Kern's \"I'm Old Fashioned,\" which became the centerpiece of Jerome Robbins's 1983 New York City Ballet tribute to Astaire. He next appeared opposite the seventeen-year-old Joan Leslie in the wartime drama The Sky's the Limit (1943), where he introduced Arlen and Mercer's \"One for My Baby\" while dancing on a bar counter in a dark and troubled routine. This film, which was choreographed by Astaire alone and achieved modest box office success, represented an important departure for Astaire from his usual charming happy-go-lucky screen persona and confused contemporary critics.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.8548784255981445, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "After announcing his retirement in 1946, Astaire concentrated on his horse-racing interests and in 1947 founded the Fred Astaire Dance Studios, which he subsequently sold in 1966.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.58885669708252, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "However, he soon returned to the big screen to replace the injured Kelly in Easter Parade (1948) opposite Judy Garland, Ann Miller, and Peter Lawford and for a final reunion with Rogers (replacing Judy Garland) in The Barkleys of Broadway (1949). Both of these films revived Astaire's popularity and in 1950 he starred in two musicals - one for M-G-M - Three Little Words with Vera-Ellen and Red Skelton and one on loan-out to Paramount - Let's Dance with Betty Hutton. While Three Little Words did quite well at the box office, Let's Dance was a financial disappointment. Royal Wedding (1951) with Jane Powell proved to be very successful, but The Belle of New York (1952) with Vera-Ellen was a critical and box-office disaster. The Band Wagon (1953), which is considered to be one of the finest musicals ever made, received rave reviews from critics and drew huge crowds. But because of its excessive cost, it failed to make a profit on its first release. Soon after, Astaire, along with all the other remaining stars at M-G-M, was let go from his contract because of the advent of television and the downsizing of film production. In 1954, Astaire was about to start work on a new musical, Daddy Long Legs (1955) with Leslie Caron at 20th Century Fox, when his wife Phyllis became ill and suddenly died of lung cancer. Astaire was so bereaved that he wanted to shut down the picture and offered to pay the production costs out of his own pocket. However, Johnny Mercer (the film's composer) and Fox studio executives convinced him that work would be the best thing for him at that time. When Daddy Long Legs was released in 1955, it did only moderately well at the box office. His next film for Paramount, Funny Face (1957), teamed him with Audrey Hepburn and Kay Thompson and despite the sumptuousness of the production and the songs by the Gershwins, it failed to make back its cost. Similarly, Astaire's next project - his final musical at M-G-M, Silk Stockings (1957), in which he co-starred with Cyd Charisse, also lost money at the box office. As a result, Astaire withdrew from motion pictures for two years.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.802249908447266, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "During 1952, Astaire recorded The Astaire Story, a four-volume album with a quintet led by Oscar Peterson. The album, produced by Norman Granz, provided a musical overview of Astaire's career. The Astaire Story later won the Grammy Hall of Fame Award in 1999, a special Grammy award to honor recordings that are at least twenty-five years old and that have \"qualitative or historical significance.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.197854042053223, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "His legacy at this point was 30 musical films in 25 years. Afterwards, Astaire announced that he was retiring from dancing in film to concentrate on dramatic acting, scoring rave reviews for the nuclear war drama On the Beach (1959).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.62818431854248, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire did not retire from dancing completely. He made a series of four highly rated Emmy Award-winning musical specials for television in 1958, 1959, 1960, and 1968, each featuring Barrie Chase, with whom Astaire enjoyed an Indian summer of dance creativity. The first of these programs, 1958's An Evening with Fred Astaire, won nine Emmy Awards, including \"Best Single Performance by an Actor\" and \"Most Outstanding Single Program of the Year.\" It was also noteworthy for being the first major broadcast to be prerecorded on color videotape and has recently been love restored. The restoration won a technical Emmy in 1988 for Ed Reitan, Don Kent, and Dan Einstein, who restored the original videotape, transferring its contents to a modern format and filling in gaps where the tape had deteriorated with kinescope footage. Astaire won the Emmy for Best Single Performance by an Actor, but the choice had a controversial backlash because many believed that his dancing in the special was not the type of \"acting\" for which the award was designed. At one point Astaire offered to return the award, but the Television Academy refused to consider it. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.672930717468262, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire played Julian Osborne, a non-dancing character, in the 1959 movie On the Beach and was nominated for a Golden Globe Best Supporting Actor award for his performance, losing to Stephen Boyd in Ben Hur. Astaire appeared in non-dancing roles in three other films and several television series from 1957 to 1969.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.90147590637207, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire's last major musical film was Finian's Rainbow (1968), directed by Francis Ford Coppola. Astaire shed his white tie and tails to play an Irish rogue who believes that if he buries a crock of gold in the shadows of Fort Knox the gold will multiply. Astaire's dance partner was Petula Clark, who played his character's skeptical daughter. He described himself as nervous about singing with her, while she said she was worried about dancing with him. The film was a box-office failure, and has gained a strong reputation over the years.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.391278266906738, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire continued to act in the 1970s, appearing on television as the father of Robert Wagner's character, Alexander Mundy, in It Takes a Thief and in such films as The Towering Inferno (1974), in which he danced with Jennifer Jones and for which he received his only Academy Award nomination, in the category of Best Supporting Actor. He voiced the mailman narrator in the 1970s animated television specials Santa Claus Is Comin' to Town and The Easter Bunny Is Comin' to Town. Astaire also appeared in the first two That's Entertainment! documentaries, in the mid 1970s. In the second, aged seventy-six, he performed song-and-dance routines with Kelly, his last dance performances in a musical film. In the summer of 1975, he made three albums in London, Attitude Dancing, They Can't Take These Away From Me, and A Couple of Song and Dance Men, the last an album of duets with Bing Crosby. In 1976, Astaire played a supporting role, as a dog owner, in the cult movie The Amazing Dobermans, co-starring Barbara Eden and James Franciscus. Fred Astaire played Dr. Seamus Scully in the French film The Purple Taxi (1977).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.324143409729004, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "In 1978, he co-starred with Helen Hayes in a well received television film, A Family Upside Down, in which they played an elderly couple coping with failing health. Astaire won an Emmy Award for his performance. He made a well publicized guest appearance on the science-fiction television series Battlestar Galactica in 1979, as Chameleon, the possible father of Starbuck, in \"The Man with Nine Lives,\" a role written for him by Donald P. Bellisario. Astaire asked his agent to obtain a role for him on Galactica because of his grandchildren's interest in the series. This episode marked the final time that he danced on screen. His final film role was the 1981 adaptation of Peter Straub's novel Ghost Story. This horror film was also the last for two of his most prominent castmates, Melvyn Douglas and Douglas Fairbanks, Jr.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.31210708618164, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire was a virtuoso dancer, able to convey light-hearted venturesomeness or deep emotion when called for. His technical control and sense of rhythm were astonishing. Long after the photography for the solo dance number \"I Want to Be a Dancin' Man\" was completed for the 1952 feature The Belle of New York, it was decided that Astaire's humble costume and the threadbare stage set were inadequate and the entire sequence was reshot. The 1994 documentary That's Entertainment! III shows the two performances side-by-side in split screen. Frame for frame, the two performances are absolutely identical, down to the subtlest gesture.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.160394668579102, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire's execution of a dance routine was prized for its elegance, grace, originality, and precision. He drew from a variety of influences, including tap and other black rhythms, classical dance, and the elevated style of Vernon and Irene Castle to create a uniquely recognizable dance style which greatly influenced the American Smooth style of ballroom dance and set standards against which subsequent film dance musicals would be judged. He termed his eclectic approach his \"outlaw style,\" an unpredictable and instinctive blending of personal artistry. His dances are economical yet endlessly nuanced. As Jerome Robbins stated, \"Astaire's dancing looks so simple, so disarming, so easy, yet the understructure, the way he sets the steps on, over or against the music, is so surprising and inventive.\" Astaire further observed:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.936646461486816, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "With very few exceptions, Astaire created his routines in collaboration with other choreographers, primarily Hermes Pan. They would often start with a blank slate:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.140356063842773, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "His perfectionism was legendary; however, his relentless insistence on rehearsals and retakes was a burden to some. When time approached for the shooting of a number, Astaire would rehearse for another two weeks and record the singing and music. With all the preparation completed, the actual shooting would go quickly, conserving costs. Astaire agonized during the entire process, frequently asking colleagues for acceptance for his work. As Vincente Minnelli stated, \"He lacks confidence to the most enormous degree of all the people in the world. He will not even go to see his rushes... He always thinks he is no good.\" As Astaire himself observed, \"I've never yet got anything 100% right. Still it's never as bad as I think it is.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.25811767578125, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Michael Kidd, who choreographed the 1953 film The Band Wagon, found that his own concern about the emotional motivation behind the dance was not shared by Astaire. Kidd later recounted: \"Technique was important to him. He'd say, 'Let's do the steps. Let's add the looks later.' \" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.836539268493652, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Extremely modest about his singing abilities (he frequently claimed that he could not sing, but the critics rated him as among the finest), Astaire introduced some of the most celebrated songs from the Great American Songbook, in particular, Cole Porter's: \"Night and Day\" in The Gay Divorcee (1932), Irving Berlin's \"Isn't This a Lovely Day?\", \"Cheek to Cheek\" and \"Top Hat, White Tie and Tails\" in Top Hat (1935), \"Let's Face the Music and Dance\" in Follow the Fleet (1936) and \"Change Partners\" in Carefree (1938). He first presented Jerome Kern's \"The Way You Look Tonight\" in Swing Time (1936); the Gershwins' \"They Can't Take That Away From Me\" in Shall We Dance (1937), \"A Foggy Day\" and \"Nice Work if You Can Get it\" in A Damsel in Distress (1937); Johnny Mercer's \"One for My Baby\" from The Sky's the Limit (1943) and \"Something's Gotta Give\" from Daddy Long Legs (1955); and Harry Warren and Arthur Freed's \"This Heart of Mine\" from Ziegfeld Follies (1946).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.770395278930664, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Although he possessed a light voice, he was admired for his lyricism, diction, and phrasing —the grace and elegance so prized in his dancing seemed to be reflected in his singing, a capacity for synthesis which led Burton Lane to describe him as \"the world's greatest musical performer.\" Irving Berlin considered Astaire the equal of any male interpreter of his songs—\"as good as Jolson, Crosby or Sinatra, not necessarily because of his voice, but for his conception of projecting a song.\" Jerome Kern considered him the supreme male interpreter of his songs and Cole Porter and Johnny Mercer also admired his unique treatment of their work. And while George Gershwin was somewhat critical of Astaire's singing abilities, he wrote many of his most memorable songs for him. In his heyday, Astaire was referenced in lyrics of songwriters Cole Porter, Lorenz Hart and Eric Maschwitz and continues to inspire modern songwriters. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.445910453796387, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire was a songwriter of note himself, with \"I'm Building Up to an Awful Letdown\" (written with lyricist Johnny Mercer) reaching number four in the Hit Parade of 1936. He recorded his own \"It's Just Like Taking Candy from a Baby\" with Benny Goodman in 1940 and nurtured a lifelong ambition to be a successful popular song composer. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.878804206848145, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "* 1950: Ginger Rogers presented an honorary Academy Award to Astaire \"for his unique artistry and his contributions to the technique of musical pictures\".", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.091421127319336, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "* 1958: Emmy Award for \"Best Single Performance by an Actor\" for An Evening with Fred Astaire", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.761345863342285, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "* 1960: Nominated for Emmy Award for \"Program Achievement\" for Another Evening with Fred Astaire", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.27621078491211, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "* 1961: Emmy Award for \"Program Achievement\" in 1961 for Astaire Time", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.255739212036133, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "* 1968: Nominated for an Emmy Award for Musical Variety Program for The Fred Astaire Show", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.863007545471191, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "* 1999: Posthumous award of Grammy Hall of Fame Award for 1952 The Astaire Story album", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.26679801940918, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "* 2000: Ava Astaire McKenzie unveils a plaque in honor of her father, erected by the citizens of Lismore, County Waterford, Ireland", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.307761192321777, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "* 2003: Referenced in the animated feature The Triplets of Belleville, in which Astaire is eaten by his shoes after a fast-paced dance act.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.114828109741211, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "* The \"Adele and Fred Astaire Ballroom\" added on the top floor of Gottlieb Storz Mansion in Astaire's hometown of Omaha ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.857182502746582, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Politically, Astaire was a conservative and a lifelong Republican Party supporter, though he never made his political views publicly known.Fred Astaire (Icons of America), Joseph Epstein, Yale University Press, 2008, pg. 75 Along with Bing Crosby, George Murphy, Ginger Rogers, and others, he was a charter (founding) member of the Hollywood Republican Committee. He was churchgoing, supportive of American military action, and dismissive of the increasing open sexuality in movies of the 1970s.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.304561614990234, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Always immaculately turned out, he and Cary Grant were called \"the best dressed actor[s] in American movies\". Astaire remained a male fashion icon even into his later years, eschewing his trademark top hat, white tie, and tails (for which he never really cared) in favor of a breezy casual style of tailored sports jackets, colored shirts, cravats, and slacks—the latter usually held up by the idiosyncratic use of an old tie in place of a belt.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.933272361755371, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire was married for the first time in 1933, to the 25-year-old Phyllis Potter (formerly Phyllis Livingston Baker; born 1908, died September 13, 1954), a Boston-born New York socialite and former wife of Eliphalet Nott Potter III (1906–1981), after pursuing her ardently for roughly two years, and despite the objections of his mother and sister. Phyllis's death from lung cancer, at the age of 46, ended 21 years of a blissful marriage and left Astaire devastated. Astaire attempted to drop out of the film Daddy Long Legs (1955), which he was in the process of filming, offering to pay the production costs to date, but was persuaded to stay. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.808005332946777, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "In addition to Phyllis Potter's son, Eliphalet IV (known as Peter), the Astaires had two children. Fred, Jr. (born January 21, 1936), appeared with his father in the movie Midas Run but became a charter pilot and rancher instead of an actor. Their daughter Ava Astaire (born March 19, 1942; married Richard McKenzie) remains actively involved in promoting her late father's heritage.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.893209934234619, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "His friend, David Niven, described him as \"a pixie—timid, always warm-hearted, with a penchant for schoolboy jokes.\" Astaire was a lifelong golf and Thoroughbred horse racing enthusiast. In 1946 his horse Triplicate won the prestigious Hollywood Gold Cup and San Juan Capistrano Handicap. He remained physically active well into his eighties. At age seventy-eight, he broke his left wrist while riding his grandson's skateboard. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.042144775390625, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire died from pneumonia on June 22, 1987, at the age of 88. Shortly before his death, Astaire said: \"I didn't want to leave this world without knowing who my descendant was, thank you Michael\"—referring to Michael Jackson. He was interred in the Oakwood Memorial Park Cemetery in Chatsworth, California. One last request of his was to thank his fans for their years of support.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.277498245239258, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire's life has never been portrayed on film. He always refused permission for such portrayals, saying, \"However much they offer me—and offers come in all the time—I shall not sell.\" Astaire's will included a clause requesting that no such portrayal ever take place; he commented, \"It is there because I have no particular desire to have my life misinterpreted, which it would be.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.118830680847168, "source": "wiki", "title": "Fred Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "A teacher's suggestion that the two children might have a stage career if trained for it prompted the family to move from Omaha to New York, though the father returned to Omaha to work. Adele, Fred and their mother lived in a boardinghouse, and the children began attending the Alviene Master School of the Theatre and Academy of Cultural Arts. They adopted the more American sounding name 'Astaire' after trying several variations on the original family surname.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.637784957885742, "source": "wiki", "title": "Adele Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Her husband died in 1944, aged 38, of long-term alcoholism.[http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/03/books/review/the-astaires-by-kathleen-riley.html \"Two-Step: The Astaires\" New York Times, 31 May 2012] Following his death, she turned down an offer from Irving Berlin to return to the stage in Annie Get Your Gun.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.154230117797852, "source": "wiki", "title": "Adele Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Adele Astaire died in Scottsdale Memorial Hospital, Scottsdale, Arizona, after suffering a stroke. She was 84. She is interred in the Oakwood Memorial Cemetery in Chatsworth, California. Built in 1905, the Gottlieb Storz Mansion in Omaha includes the \"Adele and Fred Astaire Ballroom\" on the top floor, which is the only memorial to their Omaha roots. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.878565788269043, "source": "wiki", "title": "Adele Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "At the suggestion of Roddy McDowall, Astaire donated her papers and memorabilia—amounting to several trunks of material—to the Howard Gotlieb Archival Research Center at Boston University. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.288163185119629, "source": "wiki", "title": "Adele Astaire" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire | Biography and Filmography | 1899", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.703984260559082, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire | Biography and Filmography | 1899" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Starred in the NBC variety special \"The Fred Astaire Show\"; also produced", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.627993583679199, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire | Biography and Filmography | 1899" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Won Emmy Award for the NBC variety special \"Astaire Time\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.19411563873291, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire | Biography and Filmography | 1899" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Starred in the NBC variety special \"Another Evening with Fred Astaire\"; received Emmy nomination", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.021237373352051, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire | Biography and Filmography | 1899" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Opened chain of Fred Astaire Dance Studios (date approximate)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.288665771484375, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire | Biography and Filmography | 1899" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Team of Astaire and Rogers listed in annual motion picture exhibitors poll of top ten box office stars three years in a row; placed fourth, third and seventh", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.787471771240234, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire | Biography and Filmography | 1899" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "The dancing partner who made Fred Astaire famous isn’t the one most people remember.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.983631134033203, "source": "search", "title": "Fred And Adele Astaire | The Stars | Broadway: The ..." }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.107715606689453, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.954578399658203, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "The evaluation of Astaire's first screen test: \"Can't act. Can't sing. Balding. Can dance a little.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.455734252929688, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire disguised his very large hands by curling his middle two fingers while dancing.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.30812931060791, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Don McLean 's song \"Wonderful Baby\" was written with Astaire in mind; Astaire reportedly loved the song, and recorded it for an album.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.373527526855469, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "In 2000, the following album was released as a tribute to him: \"Let Yourself Go: Celebrating Fred Astaire\". All songs were performed by Stacey Kent .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.444586753845215, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Famously wore a necktie around his waist instead of a belt, an affectation he picked up from his friendship with actor Douglas Fairbanks but often mistakenly attributed to Astaire alone.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.889388084411621, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Born only 18 months after his sister Adele Astaire .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.88585901260376, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Aside from starring in the film Funny Face (1957), he also starred in the original 1927 Broadway version of the George Gershwin and Ira Gershwin musical \"Funny Face\". Although he was the male lead in the show, he did not play the same character he does in the film, and the storyline of the original stage musical was entirely different from the one in the film. Both play and film used many of the same songs. The studio may have felt that the original plot of \"Funny Face\" could not be properly adapted into a movie as it was an \"ensemble\" musical with people dropping out and parts changing all the time. Apparently the studio bought the rights to the title just so they could use the song. The plot of this movie is actually that of the unsuccessful Broadway musical \"Wedding Bells\" by Leonard Gershe . His character in the film is based on photographer Richard Avedon , who in fact, set up most of the photography shown in the film. The soggy Paris weather played havoc with the shooting of the wedding dress dance scene. Both Astaire and Audrey Hepburn were continually slipping in the muddy and slippery grass.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.471212387084961, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "For Daddy Long Legs (1955), Leslie Caron told Fred that she wanted to create her own costumes for the film. Fred Astaire told her: \"Okay, but no feathers, please\", recalling the troubles he had with one of Ginger Rogers ' elaborate ostrich feathered gowns in a dance from Top Hat (1935). A feather broke loose from Ginger Rogers' dress and stubbornly floated in mid air around Astaire's face. The episode was recreated to hilarious effect in a scene from Easter Parade (1948) in which Fred Astaire danced with a clumsy, comical dancer portrayed by Judy Garland .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.42522144317627, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Tony Martin , the husband of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer star/dancer Cyd Charisse , said he could tell who she had been dancing with that day on the set. If she came home covered with bruises on her, it was the very physically-demanding Gene Kelly , if not it was the smooth and agile Fred Astaire .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.993107318878174, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "When Ginger Rogers received a Kennedy Center Honor in 1992, Robyn Smith , widow of Fred Astaire , withheld all rights to clips of Rogers' scenes with Astaire, demanding payment. The Kennedy Center refused and Rogers received her honor without the retrospective show.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.67039966583252, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Founder of Ava Records, named for his daughter, Ava Astaire-McKenzie .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.842253684997559, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Politically, Astaire was a conservative and a lifelong Republican Party supporter, though he never made his political views publicly known. Along with Bing Crosby , George Murphy , Ginger Rogers and others, he was a charter (founding) member of the Hollywood Republican Committee.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.046036720275879, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Universal Pictures offered Astaire the chance to direct the musical comedy Up in Central Park (1948), but he declined. William A. Seiter directed instead.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.03071403503418, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Became a father for the first time at age 36 when his first wife Phyllis Potter gave birth to their son Fred Astaire Jr. on January 21, 1936.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.372416496276855, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Became a father for the second time at age 42 when his first wife Phyllis Potter gave birth to their daughter Ava Astaire-McKenzie on March 28, 1942.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.992603302001953, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Died 18 years to the day after his Easter Parade (1948) co-star, Judy Garland . Garland on June 22, 1969 and Astaire on June 22, 1987.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.710249900817871, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "First wife Phyllis Potter (née Phyllis Livingston Baker) passed away from lung cancer at age 46 while Astaire was filming Daddy Long Legs (1955).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.923737525939941, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "It's nice that all the composers have said that nobody interprets a lyric like Fred Astaire. But when it comes to selling records I was never worth anything particularly except as a collector's item.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.904328346252441, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire Biography ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.670303344726562, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire Biography - Fred Astaire Dance Studios" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Mr. Fred Astaire", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.388300895690918, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire Biography - Fred Astaire Dance Studios" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Biography Of Mr. Fred Astaire", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.934747695922852, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire Biography - Fred Astaire Dance Studios" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire was not only a great dancer – changing the face of the American movie musical with his style and grace – but he was also an actor in many different dramatic and comedic roles in both movies and TV specials. He won multiple Emmys for his work in television. The Towering Inferno (1974) earned him an Oscar nomination. He received an honorary Academy Award in 1950 for his “unique artistry and his contributions to the technique of musical pictures.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.340497970581055, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire Biography - Fred Astaire Dance Studios" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire died in 1987 from pneumonia. With his passing, we lost a true dancing legend. His effortless lightness and grace may never be seen again. As Mikhail Baryshnikov observed at the time of his death, “No dancer can watch Fred Astaire and not know that we all should have been in another business.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.055295944213867, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire Biography - Fred Astaire Dance Studios" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire’s Dance Partners", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.579983711242676, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire Biography - Fred Astaire Dance Studios" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "– Fred Astaire from The Fred Astaire Top Hat Dance Album, 1936", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.608857154846191, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire Biography - Fred Astaire Dance Studios" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire Films", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.274431228637695, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire Biography - Fred Astaire Dance Studios" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire starred in 31 musical films. He was famous for his collaboration with Ginger Rogers in the following films:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.513815879821777, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire Biography - Fred Astaire Dance Studios" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Songs Introduced By Fred Astaire", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.399473190307617, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire Biography - Fred Astaire Dance Studios" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire introduced many classic songs by famous American composers, including:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.399017333984375, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire Biography - Fred Astaire Dance Studios" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.285566329956055, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.187663078308105, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "While the Hays Office in the mid-’30s was in its most censorial early days, its enforcers changing any plotline or dialogue from which they could squeeze sexual innuendo, they managed in their verbal vigilance to, myopically, overlook Fred Astaire’s duets with Ginger Rogers, in which he demonstrates clearly, concisely, even overtly, every move any aspiring lover might do well to adopt. Put down the Kama Sutra and its impossible acrobatics, rent “The Gay Divorcee” and watch Astaire seduce a resistant Rogers, transforming her from a feisty, fast-talking, fast-walking, too-good-for-you dame into a dewy-eyed ingénue, slowed and silenced by love.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.469666481018066, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "In the Cole Porter number “Night and Day,” Astaire pursues her about the dance floor with the wit of changing rhythms, sometimes syncopated, sometimes right on the beat, sometimes pausing to breathe the moment. He chases her, coaxes her, mirrors her, challenges her and goes hip to hip with her. He even spoons her, vertically. She isn’t sure, she turns away, she reconsiders, gives a little, gives a little more, then, overcome, bends backward and surrenders completely to the rhythm, the moment and the man. He flips her around, catches her, sends her off spinning alone only to meet her, unexpectedly, when she slows, pulls her in tight and takes her into a thrilling crescendo, then to a fantastically casual ending, as if to say, “That? Oh, that was nothing,” his modesty after brilliance his most disarming charm.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.135773658752441, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire is our American Casanova camouflaged in tux and tails or sailor suit as a clean-cut gentleman, sometimes a naïve goof, zooming about in Hollywood musical fluff. Good, solid, still funny fluff. As “Night and Day” closes, Astaire lands Rogers gently on a steep incline — she’s mesmerized by the magician who just took her on the ride of her life — bends over her suggestively, pulls back and says, “Cigarette?” Mute and dazed, she declines. But we need Paul Henreid to light one for us. Yep, the Hays Office really did miss the dance. Thank God.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.06425666809082, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Rogers was Astaire’s best partner (the coat rack vying for a close second ), though none, not even she, could match him as a dancer — watch how he takes off in his solos like Mercury in winged taps. But it didn’t matter: they were good and gorgeous, and he did the rest. Hermes Pan, Astaire’s longtime choreographic collaborator, said, “Except for times Fred worked with real professional dancers like Cyd Charisse, it was a 25-year war.” So why did these women look like goddesses with Astaire? Because of Adele.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.132375240325928, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire, with his astounding physical abilities, didn’t just redefine the notion of grace; he single-handedly (or, more accurately, double-footedly) pushed the concept further than anyone had before, or has since, on the great screen. While Gene Kelly sparred heroically in a mighty battle with gravity — like Atlas, he held the world aloft, and you knew it — Astaire simply sidestepped the fight and actually came down upon gravity rather than trudging up it like most mortals. His dancing in such classic films as “Swing Time,” “Roberta” and “Shall We Dance” provides not only an exhilarating experience, but a purifying one that crosses the border of sheer entertainment into a spiritual, moral realm. He can certainly restore one’s faith in humanity should it, by chance, ever falter — or at least in one extraordinary human being’s capacity for beauty. “He is like Bach,” George Balanchine said. “Astaire has that same concentration of genius; there is so much of the dance in him that it has been distilled.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.28990364074707, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire’s career in Hollywood had a less than promising start, with a screen test that elicited the now famous summation (which Riley regards as apocryphal) from one of those ever reliable executives: “Can’t act. Slightly bald. Also dances.” But David O. Selznick was so charmed by Astaire, despite “his enormous ears and bad chin line,” that he signed him anyway. The rest really is history. Ah, but to live in a world, as in Astaire’s films, where just around every corner lies a gleaming Art Deco ballroom and invisible orchestra — just in case one feels like dancing.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.11141586303711, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Credit Illustration from “The Astaires.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.485444068908691, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "They made their debut only months later, in “The Wedding Cake,” an elaborate 12-minute act designed for them, featuring the children as bride and groom, each atop a huge wedding cake, Adele in white satin and Fred, yes, in a miniature top hat, white tie and tails. Johanna knew that a less “foreign,” not to mention less Jewish, name than Austerlitz was needed for the stage, and thus her children became “The Astaires,” after various trial runs as “The Austers,” “The Astiers” and “The Astares.” She, in turn, became Ann Astaire. Just in case this tale seems all too prescient, Alviene might well have told all his new students and their eager, paying parents they would be “stars” — and besides, Fred returned in the second half of “The Wedding Cake” as a lobster.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.009228229522705, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "The act was not a great success, but it was the first of many spanning their childhood. It took years of practice, new acts, new teachers and plenty of failure for them to acquire anything close to top billing. “My sister and I had to saw our way through,” Astaire once wrote. They played many one-night stands in “every rat trap and chicken coop in the Middle West,” he said, often receiving equal billing with trained seals, dogs and illusionists.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.054021835327148, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "During these years Fred considered himself a liability to Adele, who was impulsive, funny, lively and bursting with charisma. “The girl seems to have talent,” one theater manager opined, “but the boy can do nothing.” Riley quotes a passage from the manuscript for Astaire’s autobiography, “Steps in Time,” in which he describes himself as “a small boy who went through the motions conscientiously, afraid he would forget his lines.” Years later Vincente Minnelli, who directed Astaire in “The Band Wagon,” said: “He lacks confidence to the most enormous degree. . . . He always thinks that he’s no good.” But lest Astaire’s propensity to endlessly rehearse be pathologized in Freud’s armchair, it is well to remember that Fred preferred to dance on that armchair, while most of us just sit.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.085807800292969, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "That same year, the “hard-drinking, banjo-playing satirist” Ashton Stevens, “dean of American drama critics” and escort to Sarah Bernhardt, became one of a long list of distinguished intellectuals to fall in love with Adele, some of whom took their adoration across the footlights. Stevens made his declaration in a subtle headline in The Chicago Herald-Examiner: “Falling in Love With Adele Astaire. In Which It Is Told How the Well-Known Heart of Ashton Stevens Is Stricken by the Deftest of the Dancing Girls.” He went on to rhapsodize that “the pliant body of Miss Astaire . . . assumes a slanting partial paralysis which slays boredom where it sits.” Oh, my. Such proclamations do make one wonder what delights have been lost to the annals of theater criticism in the intervening decades since the erection of that annoying fourth wall, a lame beard for bias prevention.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.623285293579102, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "George Jean Nathan, with H. L. Mencken editor of The Smart Set and The Ameri­can Mercury, went one further, choosing to compare George Bernard Shaw’s play “Back to Methuselah” to Adele’s dancing: “If the purpose of theater is to entertain, then I say that the Astaire girl entertains twice as greatly as Shaw’s play.” Nathan proceeded to squire Adele around town, had an eight-month romance with her, followed her to Europe and dedicated his book “The House of Satan” to her. The romance ended when Adele found out that the “French ambassador” her lover was meeting went by the name Lillian Gish. While Nathan conceded that brother Fred was “a fellow of no mean foot,” he asserted that “a dance without skirts is to me not a dance.” Way to go, George.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.7036895751953125, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "When the Astaires crossed the pond for the first time, in 1923, to star in “Stop Flirting” at the Shaftesbury in London, their popularity kicked into a high gear from which it never descended — until Adele retired eight years later to marry into British aristocracy. The show ran for 16 months, and each performance included no fewer than 18 dances, a tour de force that left British critics reaching for biblical superlatives: “Nothing like them since the Flood.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.516623497009277, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "The Astaires in 1927. Credit Photofest", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.407898902893066, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Eight months before the 1934 premiere of “The Gay Divorcee,” Astaire sent a telegram to his agent, Leland Hayward: “what’s all this talk about me being teamed with ginger rogers? i will not have it leland. . . . i’ve just managed to live down one partnership and i don’t want to be bothered with any more.” He went on, bothered or not, to make nine more movies with Rogers, thereby putting on celluloid the best dancing filmed to date.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.956382751464844, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Riley’s book suffers, though not egregiously, from the rather humor­less, linear reportage — the laundry-list narrative — and the slightly defensive tone of so much academic writing, in which being correct is clearly more valued than being interesting or, God forbid, entertaining, and resisting interpretation is preferred above such vulgarities as outright declaration. (For unsurpassed writing and out-on-a-limb — a good place to be with Astaire — assessment, see Arlene Croce’s “Fred Astaire & Ginger Rogers Book.”)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.123311042785645, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "While there is, sadly, no footage of Fred and Adele dancing together, there is one other way, besides Nathan’s glorious flurries, to reach back in time and touch her, via a handful of audio recordings of the Astaires singing, made in the late 1920s. In “Funny Face” — written for them — they sing to each other, starting with Fred: “You have all the qualities of Peter Pan / . . . You’re a cutie / With more than beauty / You’ve got such a lot / of Personal-i-T-N-T.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.320301055908203, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "THE ASTAIRES", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.400647163391113, "source": "search", "title": "‘The Astaires,’ by Kathleen Riley - The New York Times" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astounding as it may be to contemplate, it was Adele Astaire whom in their days as a team was regarded as the truly talented one. When she retired from the brother-sister act in 1932, the public feeling was very much a case of “What will HE do?” Astaire’s hopes for himself weren’t even that great. Fortunately, he went on to prove the world and himself wrong.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.841009140014648, "source": "search", "title": "Stars of Vaudeville #154: Fred and Adele Astaire | Travalanche" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "They now entered a long, awkward middle period of struggle through which only discipline and hard work sustained them. Many minor misfortunes befell them. Oddly, they were simultaneously too young and too old. They were too young for the Gerry Society, that cabal of blue-nosed butt-inskys who lived to harass the parents of every underage child in vaudeville, but were content to let thousands of tykes work at lathes and assembly lines in factories. Young as he was, his mother put Fred in long pants, but it fooled nobody. Finally, when the Gerrys canceled the Astaires in Los Angeles, their mother arranged to talk with their representative, describing, in particular, the extensive academic schooling they got at her hands. That solved the problem of being too young, but not too old. Adele in particular was shooting up over Fred. They just weren’t that cute anymore, and the bookings dried up.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.661018371582031, "source": "search", "title": "Stars of Vaudeville #154: Fred and Adele Astaire | Travalanche" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "The Rogers and Astaire vehicles of the 1930s were without a doubt formulaic. They are pleasant, diverting films with exceptional songs and dances and often sparkling, if not “classic” comedy. But though the books were repetitive, the dancing was unceasingly inventive. Fred always choreographed his own routines and never did the same things twice. His approach was completely fresh, and seemed conceived with the screen rather than stage in mind, relying on copious interaction with the set and props.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.23827838897705, "source": "search", "title": "Stars of Vaudeville #154: Fred and Adele Astaire | Travalanche" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Not only was Astaire a terrific dancer but he could also carry a song with his smooth, pleasant voice (“Fred Astaire puts a song over better than anyone,” said Irving Berlin ) and he could act plausibly and charmingly too. To those uninterested in dance, the Astaire-Rogers vehicles offer repartee which Fred could be relied upon to make seem sparkling in his clipped expeditious style. This might account for his enduring fame and success, when most other dancers are today little remembered. The sight of him in these films: tall, thin graceful, and romantic in his top hat and tails, leaves an indelible impression, and people continue to watch Top Hat (1935), Swing Time (1936), Shall We Dance (1937) and the other six Rogers-Astaire collaborations as avidly as ever.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.736950874328613, "source": "search", "title": "Stars of Vaudeville #154: Fred and Adele Astaire | Travalanche" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "After the thirties, the magic was only sporadic. Damsel in Distress, his first one without Rogers, didn’t do well despite Gershwin songs such as “A Foggy Day in London Town” and “Nice Work If You Can Get It”. Hereafter his career is characterized by periodic success punctuated by brief slumps. After several more films and U.S.O. tours during the Second World War, he announced his retirement, and concentrated on founding and running the Fred Astaire Dance Studios (still a going concern). In 1948, he was persuaded to end his retirement to replace Gene Kelly (who’d broken his ankle) to play alongside Judy Garland in Easter Parade. He even made another film with Ginger Rogers The Barkleys of Broadway in 1949. His last musical Finian’s Rainbow, was in 1968. He stopped dancing soon thereafter, though he continued to act in film, television and voice-overs for years. In 1974 he received a Best Supporting Actor Oscar nomination for his performance in The Towering Inferno. His last film appearance was in the film Ghost Story (1981). Adele passed way that year; Fred followed her in 1987.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.733662128448486, "source": "search", "title": "Stars of Vaudeville #154: Fred and Adele Astaire | Travalanche" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Mr. Fred Astaire | Biography", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.157832145690918, "source": "search", "title": "Mr. Fred Astaire | Biography" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Mr. Fred Astaire", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.388300895690918, "source": "search", "title": "Mr. Fred Astaire | Biography" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Mr. Fred Astaire", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.388300895690918, "source": "search", "title": "Mr. Fred Astaire | Biography" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Biography Of Mr. Fred Astaire", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.934747695922852, "source": "search", "title": "Mr. Fred Astaire | Biography" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire was not only a great dancer – changing the face of the American movie musical with his style and grace – but he was also an actor in many different dramatic and comedic roles in both movies and TV specials. He won multiple Emmys for his work in television. The Towering Inferno (1974) earned him an Oscar nomination. He received an honorary Academy Award in 1950 for his “unique artistry and his contributions to the technique of musical pictures.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.340497970581055, "source": "search", "title": "Mr. Fred Astaire | Biography" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire died in 1987 from pneumonia. With his passing, we lost a true dancing legend. His effortless lightness and grace may never be seen again. As Mikhail Baryshnikov observed at the time of his death, “No dancer can watch Fred Astaire and not know that we all should have been in another business.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.055295944213867, "source": "search", "title": "Mr. Fred Astaire | Biography" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire’s Dance Partners", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.579983711242676, "source": "search", "title": "Mr. Fred Astaire | Biography" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "– Fred Astaire from The Fred Astaire Top Hat Dance Album, 1936", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.608857154846191, "source": "search", "title": "Mr. Fred Astaire | Biography" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire Films", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.274431228637695, "source": "search", "title": "Mr. Fred Astaire | Biography" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire starred in 31 musical films. He was famous for his collaboration with Ginger Rogers in the following films:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.513815879821777, "source": "search", "title": "Mr. Fred Astaire | Biography" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Songs Introduced By Fred Astaire", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.399473190307617, "source": "search", "title": "Mr. Fred Astaire | Biography" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire introduced many classic songs by famous American composers, including:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.399017333984375, "source": "search", "title": "Mr. Fred Astaire | Biography" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Aiken History - Fred Astaire | Aiken Regional", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.454151153564453, "source": "search", "title": "Aiken History - Fred Astaire | Aiken Regional" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire and Aiken", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.288698196411133, "source": "search", "title": "Aiken History - Fred Astaire | Aiken Regional" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire will always be remembered as one of the most famous dancing movie stars of all time. During the height of his popularity in the 1930s and ‘40s, he spent much of his free time in Aiken. Although Astaire owned a house in Beverly Hills, he often wanted to escape the hectic life of a star and focus on his family in the quiet and relative anonymity of this small southern town.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.72988748550415, "source": "search", "title": "Aiken History - Fred Astaire | Aiken Regional" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "In his travels across the country, Astaire met Bill \"Bojangles\" Robinson and was inspired to add a freestyle type of tap dance to his repertoire. Learning from another vaudeville performer, Astaire mastered the tango, waltz and various other dances that were popular at the time. By 1933, he signed a contract with RKO pictures and became a favorite dancing partner of Ginger Rogers, with whom he made 10 films. By the time he was 34 years old, Astaire—who was still single—had became a very popular Hollywood star.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.443318367004395, "source": "search", "title": "Aiken History - Fred Astaire | Aiken Regional" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "It was then that Astaire married 25-year-old Phyllis Livingston Baker, a New York socialite whom he pursued for almost two years. They had two children, Fred, Jr. in 1936 and Ava in 1942. The family began coming to Aiken for much of the year, staying at the estate of Phyllis Astaire's aunt and uncle, Mr. and Mrs. Henry Worthington Bull.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.061553955078125, "source": "search", "title": "Aiken History - Fred Astaire | Aiken Regional" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "A passionate golfer, Astaire found Aiken brimming with enthusiastic partners and well-established courses. Thoroughbred horse racing was another passion for him. In 1946, his horse Triplicate, partially trained in Aiken, won the Hollywood Gold Cup and San Juan Capistrano Handicap.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.162607192993164, "source": "search", "title": "Aiken History - Fred Astaire | Aiken Regional" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "While Astaire played golf, raced horses and relaxed with his family, he also found creative time to work out new dance routines. Pictures in a 1940 issue of Life Magazine show a nimble Fred Astaire leaping high above a polo field and swaying along while watching himself dance on the screen of the Rosemary Movie Theater on Laurens Street. He was perhaps best known to locals for his early morning routine of lightly dancing down the post office steps after he picked up his mail, while a crowd of onlookers watched with delight.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.129027366638184, "source": "search", "title": "Aiken History - Fred Astaire | Aiken Regional" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire's career, in all, spanned a full 76 years during which he made 31 films. He continued to play golf and remained active well into his eighties. When Astaire died in 1987, his friend and fellow dancing star Gene Kelly said, \"The history of dance on film begins with Astaire.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.370646476745605, "source": "search", "title": "Aiken History - Fred Astaire | Aiken Regional" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire | Mental Floss", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.97655963897705, "source": "search", "title": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire | Mental Floss" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.750146865844727, "source": "search", "title": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire | Mental Floss" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Born on May 10, 1899, Fred Astaire was an actor, dancer, vaudevillian, and movie star whose career spanned nearly eight decades. Here are 14 toe-tapping facts you might not know about the legendary dancer.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.814912796020508, "source": "search", "title": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire | Mental Floss" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "As a toddler, Astaire’s mother would bring him to pick up his sister Adele from ballet class. In his autobiography, Astaire recalled :", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.5449538230896, "source": "search", "title": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire | Mental Floss" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire became friends with George Gershwin when he was 14 and Gershwin was 15. At the time, Gershwin was working for a music publisher and dreaming of composing his own music. According to The New York Times , “Gershwin was working for $15 a week, plugging other people’s songs, and the boys dreamed of George’s writing a musical for Fred one day.” That dream came true, multiple times, with Broadway shows like 1927’s Funny Face, and movies like Shall We Dance (1937), which was the first film George and Ira Gershwin scored. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.213723182678223, "source": "search", "title": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire | Mental Floss" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "According to legend , producer David O. Selznick was out of town when Astaire shot his screen test for RKO. Whoever was filling in for Selznick was unimpressed by Astaire, jotting down a note that read, “Can’t Act. Slightly Bald. Also Dances.” But Selznick was ultimately so blown away by Astaire’s dancing that despite Astaire’s “enormous ears and bad chin line,” he gave him a contract at RKO. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.186952590942383, "source": "search", "title": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire | Mental Floss" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Between 1933 and 1949, Astaire and Rogers appeared in 10 films together, starting with Flying Down To Rio (1933) starring Dolores del Río, in which both had minor roles, and ending with The Barkleys of Broadway (1949), in which the pair reunited after a nearly 10-year hiatus. The Barkleys of Broadway was both their only film together outside of RKO—it was released by MGM—and their only film shot in Technicolor.  ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.728047370910645, "source": "search", "title": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire | Mental Floss" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "6. INITIALLY, ASTAIRE REFUSED TO WORK WITH ROGERS.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.200490951538086, "source": "search", "title": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire | Mental Floss" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Though they became one of Hollywood’s most beloved on-screen couples, Astaire was initially wary of being paired with Rogers. He’d only recently ended his decades-long partnership with Adele and was reluctant to be officially linked to another dancer. He sent a telegram to his agent, Leland Hayward, which read , “What’s all this talk about me being teamed with Ginger Rogers? I will not have it Leland ... I’ve just managed to live down one partnership and I don’t want to be bothered with any more.” ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.009703636169434, "source": "search", "title": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire | Mental Floss" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "If Astaire’s movies with Rogers sometimes seem a little formulaic, that’s because they were—literally. Working with producer Pandro Berman and director Mark Sandrich, Astaire graphed out the structure he would use for all of his films, down to the minute. In the short documentary On Top: Inside The Success of 'Top Hat,' Astaire biographer Larry Billman explains that Astaire drew a chart for each of his films to follow, specifying how many minutes could elapse between the beginning of the film and its first musical number, how many minutes of comedy, romance, and drama there should be between dance numbers. “They really put all the elements down in terms of timing, and they followed that,” Billman said. “We have to meet our characters, he has to be enamored of her, and he sings and dances.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.727794647216797, "source": "search", "title": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire | Mental Floss" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Before Astaire hit Hollywood, musical movies were shot very differently, with lots of fast cuts and close-ups during dance sequences. “Before him, particularly because of the influence of Busby Berkeley numbers in the Warner Bros. films, there was a feeling that you needed to have a lot of cuts to focus on specific aspects of the dance, like the dancer’s feet, and so forth,” film historian Rick Jewell explained in On Top. “Once Astaire becomes the creative genius behind the films, you see a movement backwards toward a much more simple, pure, classical kind of way of shooting films so that you seen the dancers in full figure.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.11396312713623, "source": "search", "title": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire | Mental Floss" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire insisted that his dances be filmed in long takes and wide shots, with as few cuts as possible, allowing audiences to feel as though they were watching a dancer on stage. He famously told his cameraman, “Either I’m gonna dance, or the camera’s gonna dance—and I’m gonna dance.” In most of his films, Astaire’s dance sequences seem as though they’re filmed in one long take, giving the sense that the audience is watching a live performance. “What that did is it forced directors and cameramen and choreographers to think differently,” film critic Leonard Maltin said in On Top. “It was not about fragmentation, it was about performance.” ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.902018547058105, "source": "search", "title": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire | Mental Floss" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Novelist Donald Westlake once wrote , “Jackie Chan is Fred Astaire, and the world is Ginger Rogers.” Jackie Chan, himself, cites Fred Astaire and Gene Kelly as two of the primary influences on his fight choreography. “Right now you can see a lot of dancers on MTV. When they move, bup ... bup ... bup. You have 20 cuts. Camera tricks, camera movements, with special effects,” Chan once told Kung Fu Magazine . “When you look back in the old days with Gene Kelly and Fred Astaire: five minutes without editing. Just singing, dancing, moving to the piano or the light pole … That's what I want.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.976221084594727, "source": "search", "title": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire | Mental Floss" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Michael Jackson—who dedicated his autobiography to Astaire—wrote in Moonwalk about the time Astaire called to congratulate him after a particularly impressive television performance. Jackson wrote, “He said—these are his exact words—‘You’re a hell of a mover. Man, you really put them on their asses last night.’ That’s what Fred Astaire said to me. I thanked him. Then he said, ‘You’re an angry dancer. I’m the same way. I used to do the same thing with my cane.’” Astaire may even have seen Jackson as a successor. He’s quoted in Michael Jackson: The Golden Book of Condolence as saying, “Oh God! That boy moves in a very exceptional way. That’s the greatest dancer of the century. I didn’t want to leave this world without knowing who my descendant was. Thank you Michael!”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.502784729003906, "source": "search", "title": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire | Mental Floss" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "At age 80, in 1979, Astaire performed a brief disco-inspired dance alongside actress Anne Jeffreys on an episode of Battlestar Galactica. Astaire, who agreed to appear on the show because his grandkids watched it, guest starred as an alien prince, and wore an “an ascot (probably his suggestion), a vest, and a space costume,” according to biographer Peter Levinson.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.245779037475586, "source": "search", "title": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire | Mental Floss" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "According to The New York Times , Astaire was “addicted to television serials such as The Guiding Light and As the World Turns,\" and would “ telephone his housekeeper if he could not watch the soap operas to find out what had happened.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.124114990234375, "source": "search", "title": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire | Mental Floss" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Throughout his career, Astaire collaborated with choreographer Hermes Pan on 17 movies . Before shooting began on his collaborations with Ginger Rogers, Astaire and Pan would spend six weeks choreographing and rehearsing dance sequences, with Pan filling in for Rogers (who was often busy shooting another film). According to biographer Larry Billman, Astaire and Pan weren’t just artistic collaborators and best friends—they also looked almost exactly alike. “Talk about an alter ego,” Billman said in On Top. “If you saw Fred and Hermes together, you’d swear they were brothers, identical twins.” In On Top, Astaire’s daughter Ava even admits to occasionally confusing the two, explaining, “I, myself, even made a mistake one day in the rehearsal. Somebody came in and said, ‘Where is Fred,’ and I pointed and said, ‘Over there.’ But it was Pan I was pointing to.” ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.250334739685059, "source": "search", "title": "14 Toe-Tapping Facts About Fred Astaire | Mental Floss" }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Fred Astaire | Biography, Movie Highlights and Photos | AllMovie", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.830424308776855, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire | Biography, Movie Highlights and Photos ..." }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "As with many other Broadway luminaries, Astaire was beckoned to Hollywood, where legend has it his first screen test was dismissed with \"Can't act; slightly bald; can dance a little.\" He danced more than a little in his first film, Dancing Lady (1933), though he didn't actually play a role and was confined to the production numbers. Later that year, Astaire was cast as comic/dancing relief in the RKO musical Flying Down to Rio , which top-billed Dolores Del Rio and Gene Raymond . Astaire was billed fifth, just below the film's female comedy relief Ginger Rogers . Spending most of the picture trading wisecracks while the \"real\" stars wooed each other, Astaire and Rogers did a very brief dance during a production number called \"The Carioca.\" As it turned out, Flying Down to Rio was an enormous moneymaker -- in fact, it was the film that saved the studio from receivership. Fans of the film besieged the studio with demands to see more of those two funny people who danced in the middle of the picture. RKO complied with 1934's The Gay Divorcee , based on one of Astaire 's Broadway hits. Supporting no one this time, Fred and Ginger were the whole show as they sang and danced their way through such Cole Porter hits as \"Night and Day\" and the Oscar-winning \"The Continental.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.875316619873047, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire | Biography, Movie Highlights and Photos ..." }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire and Rogers were fast friends, but both yearned to be appreciated as individuals rather than a part of a team. After six films with Rogers , Astaire finally got a chance to work as a single in Damsel in Distress (1937), which, despite a superb George Gershwin score and top-notch supporting cast, was a box-office disappointment, leading RKO to re-team him with Rogers in Carefree (1938). After The Story of Vernon and Irene Castle (1939), Astaire decided to go solo again, and, after a few secondary films, he found the person he would later insist was his favorite female co-star, Rita Hayworth , with whom he appeared in You'll Never Get Rich (1942) and You Were Never Lovelier (1946). Other partners followed, including Lucille Bremer , Judy Garland , Betty Hutton , Jane Powell , Cyd Charisse , and Barrie Chase , but, in the minds of moviegoers, Astaire would forever be linked with Ginger Rogers -- even though a re-teaming in The Barkeleys of Broadway (1949) seemed to prove how much they didn't need each other.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.477102279663086, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire | Biography, Movie Highlights and Photos ..." }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "Astaire set himself apart from other musical performers by insisting that he be photographed full-figure, rather than have his numbers \"improved\" by tricky camera techniques or unnecessary close-ups. And unlike certain venerable performers who found a specialty early in life and never varied from it, Astaire 's dancing matured with him. He was in his fifties in such films as The Band Wagon (1953) and Funny Face (1957), but he had adapted his style so that he neither drew attention to his age nor tried to pretend to be any younger than he was. Perhaps his most distinctive characteristic was making it look so easy. One seldom got the impression that Astaire worked hard to get his effects, although, of course, he did. To the audience, it seemed as though he was doing it for the first time and making it up as he went along.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.05988883972168, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire | Biography, Movie Highlights and Photos ..." }, { "answer": "Astaire", "passage": "With the exceptions of his multi-Emmy-award-winning television specials of the late '50s and early '60s, Astaire cut down on his dancing in the latter stages of his career to concentrate on straight acting. While he was superb as a troubled, suicidal scientist in On the Beach (1959) and was nominated for an Oscar for his work in The Towering Inferno (1974), few of his later films took full advantage of his acting abilities. (By 1976, he was appearing in such films as The Amazing Dobermans .) In 1981, more than a decade after he last danced in public, Astaire was honored with a Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Film Institute. While this award was usually bestowed upon personalities who had no work left in them, Astaire remained busy as an actor almost until his death in 1987. The same year as his AFI prize, Astaire joined fellow show business veterans Melvyn Douglas , Douglas Fairbanks Jr. , and John Houseman in the movie thriller Ghost Story .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.964871406555176, "source": "search", "title": "Fred Astaire | Biography, Movie Highlights and Photos ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Damon Runyon", "passage": "Guys and Dolls is a musical with music and lyrics by Frank Loesser and book by Jo Swerling and Abe Burrows. It is based on \"The Idyll of Miss Sarah Brown\" and \"Blood Pressure\" - two short stories by Damon Runyon, - and also borrows characters and plot elements from other Runyon stories - most notably \"Pick the Winner\". ", "precise_score": 5.963767051696777, "rough_score": 3.9813389778137207, "source": "wiki", "title": "Guys and Dolls" }, { "answer": "Damon Runyon", "passage": "Guys and dolls : a musical fable of Broadway. Based on a story and characters by Damon Runyon. (Book, 1951) [WorldCat.org]", "precise_score": 8.571632385253906, "rough_score": 9.302918434143066, "source": "search", "title": "Guys and dolls : a musical fable of Broadway. Based on a ..." }, { "answer": "Damon Runyon", "passage": "I thought you might be interested in this item at http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2666672 Title: Guys and dolls : a musical fable of Broadway. Based on a story and characters by Damon Runyon. Author: Frank Loesser; Jo Swerling; Abe Burrows Publisher: London : Frank Music Co., 1951. OCLC:2666672", "precise_score": 8.282795906066895, "rough_score": 8.452371597290039, "source": "search", "title": "Guys and dolls : a musical fable of Broadway. Based on a ..." }, { "answer": "Damon Runyon", "passage": "Guys and Dolls was conceived by producers Cy Feuer and Ernest Martin as an adaptation of Damon Runyon's short stories.Zolotow, Maurice. \"Guys, Dolls and Runyon\". The New York Times, Nov. 12, 1950, Section 2, p. 1,3. These stories, written in the 1920s and 1930s, concerned gangsters, gamblers, and other characters of the New York underworld. Runyon was known for the unique dialect he employed in his stories, mixing highly formal language and slang.Stempel, 434 Frank Loesser, who had spent most of his career as a lyricist for movie musicals, was hired as composer and lyricist. George S. Kaufman was hired as director. When the first version of the show's book, or dialogue, written by Jo Swerling was deemed unusable, Feuer and Martin asked radio comedy writer Abe Burrows to write a new version of the book. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.8847644329071045, "source": "wiki", "title": "Guys and Dolls" }, { "answer": "Damon Runyon", "passage": "The original Broadway production of Guys and Dolls opened to unanimously positive reviews. Critics praised the musical's faithfulness to Damon Runyon's style and characterizations. Richard Watts of the New York Post said \"Guys and Dolls is just what it should be to celebrate the Runyon spirit...[it is] filled with the salty characters and richly original language sacred to the memory of the late Master\".Suskin, Steven. Opening Night on Broadway: A Critical Quotebook of the Golden Era of the Musical Theatre, pp. 272-276. Schirmer Books, New York, 1990. ISBN 0-02-872625-1 William Hawkins of the New York World-Telegram & Sun stated, \"It recaptures what [Runyon] knew about Broadway, that its wickedness is tinhorn, but its gallantry is as pure and young as Little Eva\". Robert Coleman of the New York Daily Mirror declared, \"We think Damon would have relished it as much as we did\".", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.17753127217292786, "source": "wiki", "title": "Guys and Dolls" }, { "answer": "Damon Runyon", "passage": "Based on a Story and Characters of Damon Runyon", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.263473510742188, "source": "search", "title": "Guys and Dolls | Starstruck Theatre - Youth Performing Arts" }, { "answer": "Damon Runyon", "passage": "Set in Damon Runyon’s mythical New York City, this oddball romantic comedy – considered by many to be the perfect musical comedy-soars with the spirit of Broadway as it introduces us to a cast of vivid characters who have become legends in the canon: Sarah Brown, the upright but uptight “mission doll,” out to reform the evildoers of Time Square; Sky Masterson, the slick, high-rolling gambler who woos her on a bet and ends up falling in love; Adelaide, the chronically ill nightclub performer whose condition is brought on by the fact she’s been engaged to the same man for 14 years; and Nathan Detroit, her devoted fiancé, desperate as always to find a spot for his infamous floating crap game.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.291230201721191, "source": "search", "title": "Guys and Dolls | Starstruck Theatre - Youth Performing Arts" }, { "answer": "Damon Runyon", "passage": "The romantic musical comedy, Guys and Dolls involves the unlikeliest of Manhattan pairings: a high-rolling gambler and a puritanical missionary, a showgirl dreaming of the straight-and-narrow and a crap game manager who is anything but. Set in the Manhattan of Damon Runyon’s short stories, Guys and Dolls tells of con-man Nathan Detroit’s efforts to find new life for his illegal, but notorious, crap game. When their trusty venue is found out by the police, Nathan has to find a new home for his crap game quickly – but he doesn’t have the dough to secure the one location he finds. Enter Sky Masterson, a high-rolling gambler willing to take on any honest bet with a high enough reward attached. Guys and Dolls takes us from bustle of Times Square to the dance clubs of Havana to the sewers of New York City as it demonstrates the great lengths to which a guy will go when he truly falls in love with a “doll.” Guys and Dolls features some of Frank Loesser’s most memorable tunes, including the hilarious “Adelaide’s Lament,” the romantic “I’ve Never Been in Love Before,” the exuberant “If I Were a Bell” and the classic “Luck be a Lady.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.7983593940734863, "source": "search", "title": "Guys and Dolls - Cohasset Dramatic Club" }, { "answer": "Damon Runyon", "passage": " Based on a Story and Characters of Damon Runyon", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.263473510742188, "source": "search", "title": "Guys and Dolls - Cohasset Dramatic Club" }, { "answer": "Damon Runyon", "passage": "When Frank Loesser 's musical \"Guys and Dolls\" opened at the 46th Street Theatre 50 years ago this weekend, it was Broadway's first and best musical about Broadway—not the neon thicket of bright lights and blooming marquees, but Broadway's more garish undergrowth, Damon Runyon's world of gamblers, touts and showgirls itching and straining to roll sevens and 11s in the great crapshoot they call life.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.3545026779174805, "source": "search", "title": "'Guys and Dolls' : NPR" }, { "answer": "Damon Runyon", "passage": "\"Guys and Dolls\" was taken from the works of Damon Runyon and the New York he created in short stories and newspaper columns, a Times Square tawdry and alive with hustlers, squares, pigeons, rusty hearts, easy marks and molls with hearts of gold. When Broadway producer Cy Feuer telephoned composer and lyricist Frank Loesser, he opened with a single word, as Mr. Loesser recalled it.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.49445369839668274, "source": "search", "title": "'Guys and Dolls' : NPR" }, { "answer": "Damon Runyon", "passage": "Frank Loesser had just turned 30. Although born in New York, he'd become a Hollywood composer and had spent World War II writing for Army camp shows, which produced one sterling hit: \"Praise the Lord and Pass the Ammunition.\" Cy Feuer and his partner, Ernie Martin, reasoned that a man who'd managed to fit God and gunpowder into the same lyrical breath could make a musical out of the idiosyncrasies of Damon Runyon's loveable lowlifes: Harry the Horse, Nicely Nicely, Nathan Detroit and Big Jule from Chicago. Cy Feuer, who's now 89, told us that he and his partner had told Frank Loesser it might take a year to craft a script from which Mr. Loesser could then compose songs.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.8095703125, "source": "search", "title": "'Guys and Dolls' : NPR" }, { "answer": "Runyonesque", "passage": "The producers particularly wanted to work in Runyon's character of Nathan Detroit, a gambler who was essentially a producer of roving crap games. The thousand dollars Nathan has to raise to stage a dice game for Big Jule from Chicago reminded the producers of the sums they had to raise to put on shows. Cy Feuer and his partners had wanted an old Yiddish theater vaudevillian named Sam Levene for the role. He'd played Runyonesque characters before with the requisite New York rasp, swagger and stage smarts. Nathan Detroit may have been the role that Sam Levene had been born to play—except he was tone deaf.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.50800895690918, "source": "search", "title": "'Guys and Dolls' : NPR" }, { "answer": "Damon Runyon", "passage": "A Musical Fable of Broadway; Based on a story and characters by Damon Runyon; Music and lyrics by Frank Loesser; Book by Jo Swerling and Abe Burrows.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.37435173988342285, "source": "search", "title": "Guys and Dolls | PlayhouseSquare" }, { "answer": "Damon Runyon", "passage": "Based on a story and characters by Damon Runyon", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.037227630615234, "source": "search", "title": "GUYS AND DOLLS Benefit Concert" } ]

[ { "answer": "The Pajama Game", "passage": "\"Hernando's Hideaway\" is a tango show tune, largely in long metre, from the musical The Pajama Game, written by Jerry Ross and Richard Adler and published in 1954. It was sung in the stage and film versions of the musical by Carol Haney.", "precise_score": 5.908117771148682, "rough_score": 7.357112884521484, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hernando's Hideaway" }, { "answer": "The Pajama Game", "passage": "The Pajama Game is set in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Hernando's Hideaway was a raunchy dive in East Dubuque, Illinois, perched on a high cliff overlooking the highway between Dubuque and Galena. The movie was based on the stage play of the same name which, in turn, was based on the book; it is only in the original book that there is information about where the story takes place. A number of places around the world today are named Hernando's Hideaway, evidently based on the popularity of the song.", "precise_score": 3.6403677463531494, "rough_score": 4.584243297576904, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hernando's Hideaway" }, { "answer": "Pajama Game", "passage": "The great song Hernando's Hideaway, written by Adler and Ross for the musical Pajama Game in 1953. A cool song like this deserves cool performances, and who better than Johnnie Ray to start.", "precise_score": 2.127255916595459, "rough_score": 5.219295501708984, "source": "search", "title": "Hernando's Hideaway - 3 versions - YouTube" }, { "answer": "The Pajama Game", "passage": "\"Hey There\" is a show tune from the musical play The Pajama Game, written by Richard Adler and Jerry Ross. It was published in 1954. It was introduced by John Raitt in the original production.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.332559108734131, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hey There" }, { "answer": "The Pajama Game", "passage": "*John Raitt and Doris Day (1957), from The Pajama Game film", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.233569145202637, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hey There" }, { "answer": "The Pajama Game", "passage": "From the musical \"The Pajama Game\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.440802574157715, "source": "search", "title": "Archie Bleyer - Hernando's Hideaway lyrics | LyricsMode.com" }, { "answer": "The Pajama Game", "passage": "\"The Pajama Game\"- Interlochen Arts Camp, High School Musical Theater Performance, August 2007, Briana Gantsweg and Mark Peterson", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.211193084716797, "source": "search", "title": "Hernando's Hideaway - YouTube" }, { "answer": "The Pajama Game", "passage": "The Pajama Game - The Guide to Musical Theatre", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.472851753234863, "source": "search", "title": "The Pajama Game - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "The Pajama Game", "passage": "The Pajama Game", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.489133834838867, "source": "search", "title": "The Pajama Game - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "The Pajama Game", "passage": "The Pajama Game - Opening (Hines) - \"The pajama game is the game I'm in\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.436116218566895, "source": "search", "title": "The Pajama Game - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "The Pajama Game", "passage": "CLOSING - The Pajama Game", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.459667205810547, "source": "search", "title": "The Pajama Game - The Guide to Musical Theatre" } ]

[ { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas (1982) - IMDb", "precise_score": 4.917801380157471, "rough_score": 6.8347086906433105, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas (1982) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas ( 1982 )", "precise_score": 5.509609699249268, "rough_score": 6.845434665679932, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas (1982) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Title: The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas (1982)", "precise_score": 6.51607084274292, "rough_score": 7.961942672729492, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas (1982) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Best Little Whorehouse in Texas, The", "precise_score": 3.9890635013580322, "rough_score": 6.468288421630859, "source": "search", "title": "Best Little Whorehouse in Texas, The | Samuel French" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Best Little Whorehouse in Texas, The", "precise_score": 3.9890635013580322, "rough_score": 6.468288421630859, "source": "search", "title": "Best Little Whorehouse in Texas, The | Samuel French" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "RIC Mainstage Theatre brings to life “The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas,” an award-winning musical, on April 14-16 at 7:30 p.m. and April 16 and 17 at 2 p.m. in Roberts Hall Auditorium. ", "precise_score": 6.194793701171875, "rough_score": 7.295166015625, "source": "search", "title": "Rhode Island College News | “The Best Little Whorehouse in ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas, musical", "precise_score": 5.849397659301758, "rough_score": 8.25088119506836, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in… | Recording Details and ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Stars whoop it up at the world premiere of the movie The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas at the Paramount Theatre in Austin in 1982. Left to right: Jim Nabors, Dolly Parton, and Burt Reynolds. Photograph by Bill Malone, Courtesy of Texas State Library and Archives Commission, Prints & Photographs #1983/011-09.", "precise_score": 5.464776515960693, "rough_score": 7.11135196685791, "source": "search", "title": "THE BEST LITTLE WHOREHOUSE IN TEXAS | The Handbook of ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas was subsequently produced at the Entermedia Theatre, New York, in April 1978. This production was directed by Peter Masterson and fellow Texan Tommy Tune, with choreography by Tune, and featured Carlin Glynn as \"Miss Mona\" and Henderson Forsythe as \"Sheriff Ed Earl Dodd.\" In June 1978 the musical moved to the 46th Street Theatre on Broadway. Over 3,000 hopefuls auditioned for the production, which ran for 1, 584 performances before closing in March 1982. Larry L. King made his first and last Broadway appearance when he took the stage, playing Sheriff Dodd for a two-week stint during the Broadway run.", "precise_score": 6.394815921783447, "rough_score": 7.507705211639404, "source": "search", "title": "THE BEST LITTLE WHOREHOUSE IN TEXAS | The Handbook of ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "The show was described as “reasonably good, if raunchy…” and “offered the added attraction of a country-and-western style score” according to the Oxford Companion to American Theatre, while The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas was a success “thanks to earthy Texan dialogue, skillfully etched characters” and “songs that combined Nashville with Broadway,” stated Andrew Lamb in his book 150 Years of Popular Musical Theatre.", "precise_score": 7.0155205726623535, "rough_score": 7.16995906829834, "source": "search", "title": "THE BEST LITTLE WHOREHOUSE IN TEXAS | The Handbook of ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "In 1979 The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas opened in Houston at the Tower and was the first Broadway musical to have an open-ended season in Texas. In 1982 Glynn and Hall were cast in \"a return engagement.\" After nine previews, this production opened on May 31 at the Eugene O'Neill Theatre and ran for sixty-three performances. The Best Little Whorehouse Goes Public, a short-lived sequel, was staged on Broadway in 1994. Ann-Margret starred in a national touring production in 2001.", "precise_score": 6.770623683929443, "rough_score": 8.359036445617676, "source": "search", "title": "THE BEST LITTLE WHOREHOUSE IN TEXAS | The Handbook of ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Carol Hall's 1978 musical The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas will get a film makeover from \"Legally Blonde\" screenwriters Karen McCullah Lutz and Kirsten Smith, according to Variety.", "precise_score": 6.900566577911377, "rough_score": 7.931014537811279, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas - the Data Lounge" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas, which traces the fate of the infamous Texas brothel, the Chicken Ranch, had a book by Larry L. King and Peter Masterson, with a score by Hall. The musical, co-directed by Peter Masterson and Tommy Tune, opened on Broadway in 1978, playing 1,584 performances.", "precise_score": 7.384575366973877, "rough_score": 8.158984184265137, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas - the Data Lounge" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Stopping briefly in a small Texas town, an itinerant race car driver finds that his stock car, on a trailer behind his motor home, has just been quickly and expertly stripped. He chases ... See full summary  »", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.342257499694824, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas (1982) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "The Bandit goes on another cross-country run, transporting an elephant from Florida to Texas. And, once again, Sheriff Buford T. Justice is on his tail.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.108110427856445, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas (1982) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Founded in 1910 just outside of the city limits of Gilbert located in Lanville County, Texas, the Chicken Ranch has for generations been known as the best whorehouse in Texas for its wholesome fun, strict moral code and cleanliness, all perpetuated by its original owner, Miss Wulla Jean. Seven years ago, Miss Wulla Jean passed on, leaving the Chicken Ranch to her favorite working girl, Miss Mona Stangley, who wants to keep the same traditions of Miss Wulla Jean. The Chicken Ranch has always had the unofficial blessing of the local authorities, who see the ranch providing an important community service, one which most in local authority have used at one time or another in their life. In fact, Miss Mona and Lanville County Sheriff Ed Earl Dodd have been in a relationship for years, Ed Earl who is Miss Mona's protector, albeit one with a hot temper and good ol' boy attitude that doesn't exactly match the needs of his law upholding position. That blessing may change when television ... Written by Huggo", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.56138277053833, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas (1982) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Rhode Island College News | “The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas” | April 13, 2016", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.774814128875732, "source": "search", "title": "Rhode Island College News | “The Best Little Whorehouse in ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "“The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.523288249969482, "source": "search", "title": "Rhode Island College News | “The Best Little Whorehouse in ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "“The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.523288249969482, "source": "search", "title": "Rhode Island College News | “The Best Little Whorehouse in ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "A small-town Texas brothel has carried out its illegal business with impunity for decades, thanks to the winks, nods and dedicated patronage of local law enforcement and government officials. But when a TV journalist reports on the illegal activity, the political backlash forces the town’s sheriff to shut the place down.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.051039695739746, "source": "search", "title": "Rhode Island College News | “The Best Little Whorehouse in ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Wilson has assembled a high-spirited cast that includes RIC students Stephanie Barney, who plays Miss Mona (the madam of the brothel); Joe DeLeo, who plays Sheriff Dodd; Remson DeJoseph, who plays the double-talking governor of Texas; and Joseph Sherry, who plays the zealous TV reporter.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.98886489868164, "source": "search", "title": "Rhode Island College News | “The Best Little Whorehouse in ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "CHICKEN RANCH | The Handbook of Texas Online| Texas State Historical Association (TSHA)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.486973762512207, "source": "search", "title": "CHICKEN RANCH | The Handbook of Texas Online| Texas State ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Texas State Historical Association (TSHA)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.490089416503906, "source": "search", "title": "CHICKEN RANCH | The Handbook of Texas Online| Texas State ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "CHICKEN RANCH. The \"Chicken Ranch\" in La Grange, Fayette County, made famous by the Broadway musical The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas, was perhaps the oldest continuously running brothel in the nation. Institutionalized prostitution in La Grange can be traced back to 1844, when a widow, \"Mrs. Swine,\" brought three young women from New Orleans and settled in a small hotel near the saloon. Mrs. Swine became the first madam and began a tradition of interaction with the community and local lawmen that lasted almost 130 years. She and the girls and women who worked for her carried on a lucrative business, using the hotel lobby for entertaining and a room upstairs for services, until the Civil War , when she and a faithful prostitute named Tillie were run out of town as Yankees and traitors. After the war prostitution continued to operate in conjunction with the saloons in La Grange, but no official records were kept. By the end of the nineteenth century, prostitution had moved out of the hotels and into a red-light district on the banks of the Colorado River. There Miss Jessie Williams (born Faye Stewart) bought a small house soon after her arrival from Waco in 1905. She continued the custom set by her predecessor of good relations with the law and ran the only respectable house on the banks of the Colorado River; she admitted politicians and lawmen but excluded drunkards. Through her connections she learned of an impending crusade against the red-light district, sold the house she owned in Waco, and bought two dwellings and eleven acres outside of the city limits of La Grange and two blocks from the road to Houston. This became the location of the Chicken Ranch.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.2500243186950684, "source": "search", "title": "CHICKEN RANCH | The Handbook of Texas Online| Texas State ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Edna Milton had arrived at the Chicken Ranch from Oklahoma in 1952 at the age of twenty-three. She soon took over for Miss Jessie and proved just as capable and entrepreneurial. When she bought the ranch from Miss Jessie's heirs for $30,000-much more than the property value-she already had established herself as a competent madam. She had a good relationship with the new sheriff, T. J. Flournoy, who had been elected in 1946 and had immediately put in a direct line to the Chicken Ranch, so he could replace the nightly visits of his predecessor with nightly calls. Edna also interacted with the community in the same ways Jessie had: social contact between the girls and the residents of La Grange was forbidden; girls saw the doctor weekly and shopped with local merchants; and commodities and supplies were bought from local stores on a rotating basis. Edna also continued Jessie's custom of giving money to local civic causes and became one of the town's largest philanthropists. The generosity of her donations points to the success of the ranch. During the 1950s the ranch reached its sixteen-girl maximum. On some weekends there was a line at the door, made of students and soldiers from the nearby military bases. One base even supplied transportation via helicopter to the ranch. A visit to the Chicken Ranch also became part of freshman initiation at Texas A&M.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.910894393920898, "source": "search", "title": "CHICKEN RANCH | The Handbook of Texas Online| Texas State ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "The Chicken Ranch continued operating successfully until mid-1973. That year, consumer-affairs reporter Marvin Zindler from KTRK-TV in Houston ran a week-long exposé on the ranch. He claimed that his motive was inaction on the part of the Texas Department of Public Safety and local law officers to combat the organized crime and corruption allegedly evident at the ranch. All of the attention drawn to the ranch forced the governor, Dolph Briscoe, to meet with the head of the DPS, the state attorney general, and Zindler. At the meeting it was disclosed that the DPS had run a two-month surveillance on the Chicken Ranch and had failed to find evidence of connection with organized crime. However, the pressure on the governor was such that he could not ignore the problem. He scheduled a meeting with Sheriff Jim Flournoy and ordered the house closed. The sheriff, along with some of the citizens of La Grange, saw little reason to close the ranch, but thought he had to do it anyway. He informed Edna of the situation, and by Wednesday morning of the week following Zindler's exposé, August 1, 1973, the ranch was closed and the women had left. Flournoy left for his meeting with the governor with a petition signed by nearly 3,000 people, but upon arriving was informed that the governor had canceled the meeting when he heard the house was closed. Most of the ranch's employees had headed for Austin or Houston; only Edna and a few maids were left. Edna attempted to buy a house in La Grange, but her downpayment was returned. She subsequently got married and moved to an East Texas town where her husband owned several restaurants.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.028600692749023, "source": "search", "title": "CHICKEN RANCH | The Handbook of Texas Online| Texas State ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Austin American–Statesman, August 2, 1973, January 22, June 25, 1978. Jan Hutson, The Chicken Ranch: The True Story of the Best Little Whorehouse in Texas (New York: Barnes, 1980). Vertical Files, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, University of Texas at Austin (Jim Flournoy, La Grange, Texas).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.598183631896973, "source": "search", "title": "CHICKEN RANCH | The Handbook of Texas Online| Texas State ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Marvin Zindler, 85, Crusader in ‘Whorehouse in Texas’ Case, Is Dead - The New York Times", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.544175624847412, "source": "search", "title": "Marvin Zindler, 85, Crusader in ‘Whorehouse in Texas’ Case ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "U.S. |Marvin Zindler, 85, Crusader in ‘Whorehouse in Texas’ Case, Is Dead", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.563733100891113, "source": "search", "title": "Marvin Zindler, 85, Crusader in ‘Whorehouse in Texas’ Case ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "HOUSTON, July 30 — Marvin Zindler, an antic and a populist television crusader here who became known nationally when he had “the best little whorehouse in Texas ” closed on corruption grounds, died here on Sunday. He was 85.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.408592700958252, "source": "search", "title": "Marvin Zindler, 85, Crusader in ‘Whorehouse in Texas’ Case ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Mr. Zindler, with his cheerfully admitted plastic surgery, closet of peacock fashions, blatant hairpieces and blue-tinted glasses, was best known for his first foray into investigative journalism, in 1973. He exposed a widely tolerated bawdyhouse known as the Chicken Ranch in La Grange. The case was the basis for the musical and movie “Best Little Whorehouse in Texas.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.1726417541503906, "source": "search", "title": "Marvin Zindler, 85, Crusader in ‘Whorehouse in Texas’ Case ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "In 1973, at the age of 51, Mr. Zindler began his career at KTRK. Exposing the La Grange brothel quickly caught his interest, he later recounted, because the local authorities allowed it to operate and Texas officials deferred to them. But he had an ally in the state attorney general, John Hill, who slipped Mr. Zindler investigative reports.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.16871452331543, "source": "search", "title": "Marvin Zindler, 85, Crusader in ‘Whorehouse in Texas’ Case ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "A version of this article appears in print on , on Page A15 of the New York edition with the headline: Marvin Zindler, 85, Crusader in ‘Whorehouse in Texas’ Case. Order Reprints | Today's Paper | Subscribe", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.814858913421631, "source": "search", "title": "Marvin Zindler, 85, Crusader in ‘Whorehouse in Texas’ Case ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas Reviews & Ratings - IMDb", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.62310791015625, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Some people would probably be surprised to find that this movie was nominated for Best Motion Picture - Comedy/Musical in the 1983 Golden Globe awards. Dolly Parton was also nominated for a Golden Globe award in the Best Actress - Comedy/Musical category, while Charles Durning, in his role of the Texas governor, was nominated (quite rightly) for an Academy Award for Best Actor In A Supporting Role.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.270445823669434, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Dom DeLuise plays the part of Melvin P. Thorpe to perfection, right down to the corset and the stuffed pants. He is a delight. Perfect comic timing. \"Watchdog Report/Texas Has a Whorehouse in It\" is a production number that is completely right for him.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.609269142150879, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Also of note is Charles Durning as the governor of Texas, who is perfect as he schmoozes and avoids the facts. It is no surprise to me that this actor, who has now made over 100 movies, was nominated for a Best Supporting Actor Oscar for this role. My favorite part of his brief airtime is the business with his cowboy hat (four or five times he puts his hat on sideways and then whirls to the side so that it falls correctly onto his head). His singing and dancing in \"The Sidestep\" pulls out no stops - you can't stop watching him. I couldn't help wondering how Steve Martin would have played this role, but Durning makes it his own.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.569477081298828, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "The Aggies, who are supposed to be the Texas A & M football team, push their scenes to the limit. It does stretch dramatic license a bit when the football players have most of their clothes off and are dancing around the locker room - their physiques are clearly not football material - but no matter. Yee-haw!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.30036735534668, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "I don't see how anyone could fault Burt Reynolds performance in this, in my opinion the casting choices-all of them-were as close to perfect as there is. Although I do not live in Texas, I have visited and hold a deep admiration for Texas and all it has to offer. I love movies about one of my favorite states in the country, as well as musicals, so this was a double plus. And everyone played their roles with such charm, Dolly was so lovable, Reynolds, the tough sheriff yet so decent at heart and Charles Durning as mentioned by nearly EVERYBODY was amazing.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.572256088256836, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Big, splashy, fun musical about a whorehouse (the Chicken Ranch) in Texas run by Miss Mona (Dolly Parton). She's in love with the sheriff (Burt Reynolds) and the town has no problem with the house. Then a sleazy TV showman (Dom DeLuise) exposes the ranch and all hell breaks lose.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.303781509399414, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "The Texas county where Burt Reynolds is sheriff has only one thing that makes it stand out from all the other counties in the state. And I'm not referring to Dolly Parton's 40Ds. It's rather the old and established institution of the Chicken Ranch, The Best Little Whorehouse In Texas. Or maybe west of the Mississippi truth be told, if everyone left there as happy as they seem.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.8070595264434814, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "In this county west of Houston for over 100 years servicing the veterans of five wars was the Chicken Ranch, The Best Little Whorehouse In Texas. It's existence was the most open secret in the state and everyone seemed happy with the arrangement. In fact the current owner, Dolly Parton, is a valued member of the community, paying her taxes and giving of money and time to community endeavors. She runs a disease free establishment and insists that of her customers.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.6036043167114258, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Best scene of the film is the annual party for the winner of the Texas A&M, University of Texas football game. Those Aggies play hard and plow hard. And that's the night when DeLuise and his television crew decide to pull their own raid. The party is hosted by State Senator Robert Mandan playing the part in his best sanctimonious tradition.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.348844528198242, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Of course he pales beside Charles Durning as the governor of Texas. Durning was nominated for Best Supporting Actor and his political credo of never saying anything is embodied in that wonderful Sidestep number he has. Durning looks like he's having a great old time.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.763106346130371, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Carol Hall wrote the rollicking score for The Best Little Whorehouse In Texas and Dolly Parton also had the good sense to get a couple of her songs interpolated in the film, one of them her beloved I Will Always Love You. For all her good works Dolly is still the Madame of a bordello and that fact prevents her from being taken too seriously by Burt Reynolds as marriage material.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.0933024883270264, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "So, to add it up, if you are not from Texas, not a Bible-thumper, not a politician, not a Burt Reynolds fan and not a Dolly Parton fan, you should definitely watch The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.4089329242706299, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "A fanciful musical set in a surprisingly true-to-life Texas", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.47232437133789, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "There is a commitment to authenticity in film production of \"The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas.\" The people are fictional, in that no real-life sheriffs or governors or madams are depicted, but the movie is unafraid to use the names and likenesses of real, powerful Texas institutions to fill out the whorehouse clientele portion of its cast. Early on, Jim Nabors's goofball deputy explains one of the key plot points: the winning team of each year's famed football match between Texas A&M University and the University of Texas gets a free night at the Chicken Ranch, a house of ill repute west of Houston. To allege such a thing in a movie today would be impossible: the lawsuits would be swift and many. But here, it isn't just alleged—it's depicted in vivid detail and with the flamboyant abandon of a great movie musical. The sequence begins on the gridiron, with the trademarked logos of A&M and UT on proud display, and transitions to the victorious Aggies' locker room where the men do a gleeful choreographed routine and strip down to their bare asses right underneath the \"Gig 'Em Aggies\" sign. Soon enough they're at the Chicken Ranch, where a Senator looks on approvingly as the team and the employees dance and carry on in various states of undress. It's a very funny string of scenes, and it wouldn't have the same sense of stakes or impropriety if instead of the Aggies the team was some made-up, generic stand-in; in Texas, there is no stand-in for A&M. One wonders how the large and powerful Aggie alumni community feels about this film. The movie walks a delicate line regarding the morality of its subject matter. It satirizes politicians (Charles Durning shows himself to be a physical comedy genius in his single, show-stealing number) and condemns \"gotcha\" journalism (Dom DeLuise's TV investigator dandy even uses that exclamation), and these are easy targets, but its discussion of the whorehouse itself is confined to a limited set of debate parameters. The perspective of the whores themselves is mostly missing, as is the criticism of prostitution as a kind of slavery. In its place is the less troubling contest between the support of safer, legalized, pimp-free prostitution and the old-fashioned condemnation of it on religious grounds. Most modern theater- and film-goers take the former view when those are the only two options, and the movie does so as well with a compelling and well-meaning righteousness. What it lacks in nuance on the subject of paid sex, it makes up for with really touching character moments between Burt Reynolds's duded-up sheriff and Dolly Parton's dolled- up proprietress. Their relationship is kept on impressively equal footing, and it feels as real and lived-in as the footage of the Texas capitol, the small-town courthouse square, and the Texas A&M stadium.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.2569420337677, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "THE BEST LITTLE WHOREHOUSE IN TEXAS | The Handbook of Texas Online| Texas State Historical Association (TSHA)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.289446830749512, "source": "search", "title": "THE BEST LITTLE WHOREHOUSE IN TEXAS | The Handbook of ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "Texas State Historical Association (TSHA)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.490089416503906, "source": "search", "title": "THE BEST LITTLE WHOREHOUSE IN TEXAS | The Handbook of ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "THE BEST LITTLE WHOREHOUSE IN TEXAS", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 6.460759162902832, "source": "search", "title": "THE BEST LITTLE WHOREHOUSE IN TEXAS | The Handbook of ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "THE BEST LITTLE WHOREHOUSE IN TEXAS. In 1974 Texas writer Larry L. King wrote an article about the notorious \" Chicken Ranch ,\" an illegal but tolerated brothel in La Grange, Fayette County, Texas. The establishment operated from 1905 until 1973, when consumer-affairs reporter Marvin Zindler from KTRK-TV in Houston, ran an exposé on the ranch, which resulted in authorities closing it down.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 6.164387226104736, "source": "search", "title": "THE BEST LITTLE WHOREHOUSE IN TEXAS | The Handbook of ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "King and Texas-born singer and songwriter Carol Hall met by chance at the Cellar Door in Georgetown, Washington, D.C., where King was based at the time. The idea for a musical was born at this meeting, and in 1976 another Texan, Peter Masterson, an experienced Broadway actor, was brought in, and the idea was further developed. King and Masterson wrote the book, and Hall wrote the songs. The musical was performed as a workshop project at the Actors Studio in New York in October 1977.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.23343276977539, "source": "search", "title": "THE BEST LITTLE WHOREHOUSE IN TEXAS | The Handbook of ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "In 1982 a movie version of The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas, filmed in Austin, was released by Universal, with a cast that included Dolly Parton, Burt Reynolds, Dom DeLuise, Charles Durning, Jim Nabors, Lois Nettleton, Noah Beery, Jr., and Barry Corbin. The movie was directed by Colin Higgins. Dolly Parton was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture (Musical or Comedy), and the movie was nominated for a Golden Globe for Best Motion Picture (Musical or Comedy). Charles Durning was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.6222968101501465, "source": "search", "title": "THE BEST LITTLE WHOREHOUSE IN TEXAS | The Handbook of ..." }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 6.460759162902832, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas - the Data Lounge" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 6.460759162902832, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas - the Data Lounge" }, { "answer": "Texas", "passage": "\"Hard Candy Christmas\" is a song written by composer/lyricist Carol Hall for the musical The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.914755344390869, "source": "search", "title": "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas - the Data Lounge" } ]

[ { "answer": "How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying", "passage": "HOW TO SUCCEED IN BUSINESS WITHOUT REALLY TRYING - A SECRETARY IS NOT A TOY LYRICS", "precise_score": 2.776052713394165, "rough_score": 6.67728328704834, "source": "search", "title": "A Secretary Is Not A Toy - How To Succeed In Business ..." }, { "answer": "How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying", "passage": "How To Succeed In Business Without Really Trying - A Secretary Is Not A Toy Lyrics", "precise_score": 2.776052713394165, "rough_score": 6.67728328704834, "source": "search", "title": "A Secretary Is Not A Toy - How To Succeed In Business ..." }, { "answer": "How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying", "passage": "Musical: How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying. Song: Coffee Break. Broadway musical soundtrack lyrics. Song lyrics from theatre show/film are property & copyright of their owners, provided for educational purposes", "precise_score": -6.685367584228516, "rough_score": -8.483484268188477, "source": "search", "title": "How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying: Coffee ..." }, { "answer": "How to succeed", "passage": "Brotherhood of Man Happy to Keep His Dinner Warm I Believe in You Paris Original The Company Way Coffee Break Cinderella, Darling A Secretary is Not a Toy Grand Old Ivy How To Succeed Been a Long Day", "precise_score": 5.325943946838379, "rough_score": 6.251039505004883, "source": "search", "title": "How To Succeed In Business Without Really Trying ..." }, { "answer": "How to succeed", "passage": "Company Way, How to Succeed in Business, Robert Morse - YouTube", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.38569164276123, "source": "search", "title": "Company Way, How to Succeed in Business, Robert Morse ..." }, { "answer": "How to succeed", "passage": "Company Way, How to Succeed in Business, Robert Morse", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.306157112121582, "source": "search", "title": "Company Way, How to Succeed in Business, Robert Morse ..." }, { "answer": "How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying", "passage": "From the movie adaptation of the Broadway musical \"How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying.\" Very clean copy", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.026054382324219, "source": "search", "title": "Company Way, How to Succeed in Business, Robert Morse ..." }, { "answer": "How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying", "passage": "Coffee Break Lyrics - How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying musical", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.189718246459961, "source": "search", "title": "How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying: Coffee ..." }, { "answer": "How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying", "passage": "How To Succeed In Business Without Really Trying Soundtrack - Lyrics", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.264686584472656, "source": "search", "title": "How To Succeed In Business Without Really Trying ..." }, { "answer": "How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying", "passage": "Broadway Musical Home - How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.862265586853027, "source": "search", "title": "Broadway Musical Home - How to Succeed in Business Without ..." }, { "answer": "How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying", "passage": "How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.352779388427734, "source": "search", "title": "Broadway Musical Home - How to Succeed in Business Without ..." }, { "answer": "How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying", "passage": "Finch is a window washer who finds a book called \"How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying,\" which he uses to get a job at World Wide Wickets and move up in the company. Frump, a co-worker he left behind on the way up, tries to sabotage Finch as he gets higher and higher in the organization, but in the end Finch is forced to make a few choices without the help of his book.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.947007179260254, "source": "search", "title": "Broadway Musical Home - How to Succeed in Business Without ..." }, { "answer": "How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying", "passage": "How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.352779388427734, "source": "search", "title": "Broadway Musical Home - How to Succeed in Business Without ..." }, { "answer": "How to succeed", "passage": "Robert Morse, Brotherhood of Man, How to Succeed in Business - YouTube", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.288931846618652, "source": "search", "title": "Robert Morse, Brotherhood of Man, How to Succeed in ..." }, { "answer": "How to succeed", "passage": "Robert Morse, Brotherhood of Man, How to Succeed in Business", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.277477264404297, "source": "search", "title": "Robert Morse, Brotherhood of Man, How to Succeed in ..." }, { "answer": "How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying", "passage": "Big musical number from the movie \"How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.242568016052246, "source": "search", "title": "Robert Morse, Brotherhood of Man, How to Succeed in ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Brice", "passage": "Funny Girl is a 1968 American biographical romantic musical comedy-drama film directed by William Wyler. The screenplay by Isobel Lennart was adapted from her book for the stage musical of the same title. It is loosely based on the life and career of Broadway and film star and comedian Fanny Brice and her stormy relationship with entrepreneur and gambler Nicky Arnstein.", "precise_score": 5.081265449523926, "rough_score": 7.100697994232178, "source": "wiki", "title": "Funny Girl (film)" }, { "answer": "Brice", "passage": "Early twentieth century New York. Fanny Brice knows that she is a talented comedienne and singer. She also knows that she is not the beauty typical of the stage performers of the day, she with skinny legs and a crooked nose among other physical issues. So she knows she has to use whatever other means to get her break in show business, that break so that she can at least display her talents. With the help of Eddie Ryan who would become her friend, Fanny is able to get a part in a novelty act in a vaudeville show, the renown from which eventually comes to the attention of famed impresario Florenz Ziegfeld Jr. . Fanny does become one of the Ziegfeld Follies most popular acts, despite she almost getting fired after her first performance by defying Flo's artistic vision for her closing number. Beyond stage success, Fanny also wants a happy personal life, most specifically with the suave Nicky Arnstein, a gambler in every respect of the word. Fanny loves him and loves that he loves her ... Written by Huggo", "precise_score": -2.902482271194458, "rough_score": -0.14940978586673737, "source": "search", "title": "Funny Girl (1968) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Brice", "passage": "Every time a film is made about a real-life figure, particularly a show business figure, people love to complain that the movie is not accurate regarding the facts of that person's life. If the truth be told, if movie biographies were strictly about the facts, no one would go to see them, because for the most part, the facts don't make for great entertainment and Fanny Brice is no exception. The 1968 musical FUNNY GIRL has been maligned for years because it is not a very accurate representation of the facts of Fanny Brice's life. If you want to learn about Fanny Brice's life, read a biography or go on the internet, but if you want to see an amazing movie musical spotlighting a legendary performer at the beginning of her amazing career, then you can't beat FUNNY GIRL, the 1968 musical based on the 1964 Broadway musical that made Barbra Streisand a star. Streisand tied with Katharine Hepburn for the Best Actress Oscar for this charismatic star turn as the young girl from Henry Street who becomes a big star of the Ziegfeld Follies and has a heartbreaking romance with a charming gambler named Nick Arnstein, played by Omar Sharif. Streisand is in practically every frame of this film and never makes you wish otherwise...one of the great performances in the history of cinema...whether she is defying Florenz Ziegfeld by refusing to appear in the finale or chasing an ocean liner to be with Nick, Streisand gives the one-woman performance of a lifetime here. Directed by Oscar-winner William Wyler, Streisand is lovingly photographed and effectively showcases the Jule Styne-Bob Merrill score, which includes classics like \"People\" and \"Don't Rain On My Parade\". Some changes have been made in the score from the stage musical but Streisand makes it all work and the finale \"My Man\" is just devastating. It's not an accurate biography of the vaudeville legend, but as a dazzling and entertaining movie musical, it's hard to top this one.", "precise_score": 1.89061439037323, "rough_score": 1.1181495189666748, "source": "search", "title": "Funny Girl (1968) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Brice", "passage": "1000+ images about Fanny brice on Pinterest | Funny girls, Ziegfeld follies and Barbra streisand", "precise_score": 3.4402151107788086, "rough_score": 5.430556774139404, "source": "search", "title": "Fanny brice on Pinterest | Funny Girls, Ziegfeld Follies ..." }, { "answer": "Brice", "passage": "Produced by Brice's son-in-law, Ray Stark, with music and lyrics by Jule Styne and Bob Merrill, the film stars Barbra Streisand (reprising her Broadway role) as Brice and Omar Sharif as Arnstein, with a supporting cast featuring Kay Medford, Anne Francis, Walter Pidgeon, Lee Allen, and Mae Questel.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.02886962890625, "source": "wiki", "title": "Funny Girl (film)" }, { "answer": "Brice", "passage": "Set in and around New York City just prior to and following World War I, the story opens with Ziegfeld Follies star Fanny Brice awaiting the return of husband Nicky Arnstein from prison, and then moves into an extended flashback focusing on their meeting and marriage.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.30450439453125, "source": "wiki", "title": "Funny Girl (film)" }, { "answer": "Brice", "passage": "* Barbra Streisand as Fanny Brice", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.441377639770508, "source": "wiki", "title": "Funny Girl (film)" }, { "answer": "Brice", "passage": "Because the songs \"My Man\", \"Second Hand Rose\", and \"I’d Rather Be Blue\" frequently were performed by the real Brice during her career, they were interpolated into the Styne-Merrill score.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.168828010559082, "source": "wiki", "title": "Funny Girl (film)" }, { "answer": "Brice", "passage": "Although she had not made any films, Streisand was Stark's first and only choice to portray Brice onscreen. \"I just felt she was too much a part of Fanny, and Fanny was too much a part of Barbra to have it go to someone else,\" he said, but Columbia Pictures executives wanted Shirley MacLaine in the role instead. MacLaine and Streisand were good friends and shared a birthday; both actresses rolled their eyes at the idea. Stark insisted if Streisand were not cast, he would not allow a film to be made, and the studio agreed to his demand.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.2860002517700195, "source": "wiki", "title": "Funny Girl (film)" }, { "answer": "Brice", "passage": "Barbra Streisand's turn as Fanny Brice was widely praised by critics, with The New Yorker's Pauline Kael calling it \"A bravura performance (...). As Fanny Brice, she has the wittiest comic inflections since the comediennes of the 30s; she makes written dialogue sound like inspired improvisation. (...) Streisand's triumphant talent rides right over the film's weaknesses.\" In his review in Chicago Sun-Times, Roger Ebert called Streisand \"magnificent\" and added, \"She has the best timing since Mae West, and is more fun to watch than anyone since the young Katharine Hepburn. She doesn't actually sing a song at all; she acts it. She does things with her hands and face that are simply individual; that's the only way to describe them. They haven't been done before. She sings, and you're really happy you're there.\" But he thought \"the film itself is perhaps the ultimate example of the roadshow musical gone overboard. It is over-produced, over-photographed and over-long. The second half drags badly. The supporting characters are generally wooden . . . That makes the movie itself kind of schizo. It is impossible to praise Miss Streisand too highly; hard to find much to praise about the rest of the film.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.831830978393555, "source": "wiki", "title": "Funny Girl (film)" }, { "answer": "Brice", "passage": "Variety said Streisand makes \"a marked impact\" and continued, \"The saga of the tragi-comedienne Fanny Brice of the ungainly mien and manner, charmed by the suave card-sharp Nicky Arnstein, is perhaps of familiar pattern, but it is to the credit of all concerned that it plays so convincingly.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.36384391784668, "source": "wiki", "title": "Funny Girl (film)" }, { "answer": "Brice", "passage": "The film currently holds a 92% 'Fresh' rating on review aggregation site Rotten Tomatoes, based on 39 reviews, with an average rating of 7.6/10. The site's consensus states: \"Barbara Streisand elevates this otherwise rote melodramatic musical with her ultra-memorable star turn as Fanny Brice.\" On Metacritic, the film has an 89 out of 100 rating, based on 7 critics, indicating \"universal acclaim\". ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.028608322143555, "source": "wiki", "title": "Funny Girl (film)" }, { "answer": "Brice", "passage": "In 1975, Streisand reprised her role of Brice opposite James Caan as Brice's second husband, impresario Billy Rose, in a sequel entitled Funny Lady. The sequel received less than favorable reviews and was unable to turn as much of a profit as its predecessor.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.066680908203125, "source": "wiki", "title": "Funny Girl (film)" }, { "answer": "Brice", "passage": "The life of Fanny Brice , famed comedienne and entertainer of the early 1900s. We see her rise to fame as a Ziegfield girl, subsequent career and her personal life, particularly her relationship with Nick Arnstein.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.9968433380126953, "source": "search", "title": "Funny Girl (1968) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Brice", "passage": "Story of singer Fanny Brice's stormy relationship with showman Billy Rose.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.922335147857666, "source": "search", "title": "Funny Girl (1968) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Brice", "passage": "Fannie Brice and her children, Frances and William, November 13, 1925. Frances and William's father was professional gambler Nicky Arnstein. Brice stood by Arnstein as he served time at Sing Sing Prison, only to be abandoned by him upon his release in 1927. Brice was a Ziegfeld Follies girl and perhaps best known for her role as Baby Snooks, She was later portrayed by famed actress Barbra Streisand in", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.026189804077148, "source": "search", "title": "Fanny brice on Pinterest | Funny Girls, Ziegfeld Follies ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Patti LuPone", "passage": "In the late ’80s and early ’90s LuPone had a major role in the popular U.S. situation comedy LIFE GOES ON, and experienced some difficulty breaking free from her contract when the call came from Lloyd Webber. She first played Norma Desmond at the composer’s Sydmonton Festival in the summer of 1992. Declining the use of the book on stage, she learned the part and gave what was regarded as a “sensational” performance. Soon afterward it became obvious that she had stolen the role of a lifetime from under the noses” of bigger names such as Meryl Streep, Angela Lansbury, Liza Minnelli, and Julie Andrews. Sunset Boulevard” opened in the West End in July 1993, and although LuPone enjoyed a personal triumph, her contract to take the show to Broadway was canceled, resulting in a payoff “in the region of $1 million.” During the remainder of the ’90s LuPone appeared in New York in her own “Patti LuPone on Broadway” (1995) and as opera diva Maria Callas in Terrence McNally’s “Master Class” on Broadway (1996) and in London (1997). Early in 1999, she took her acclaimed new concert act, “Matters of the Heart,” to the Sydney Opera House, in Sydney, Australia. The eclectic program of original and contemporary music included works by John Lennon and Paul McCartney, Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein, Randy Newman, and Cole Porter.", "precise_score": -6.432246685028076, "rough_score": -6.727535247802734, "source": "search", "title": "Patti Lupone | The Stars | Broadway: The American Musical ..." }, { "answer": "Patti Lu Pone", "passage": "Patti Lu Pone is one of the entertainment industry's most accomplished and distinguished talents. An actress well known for her Broadway performances, as well as numerous film and television projects, LuPone most recently completed roles in films directed by Nancy Savoca and Jason Alexander . Other work in film includes roles in Family Prayers, Driving Miss Daisy and Witness.", "precise_score": -5.998332500457764, "rough_score": -9.59021282196045, "source": "search", "title": "Patti Lu Pone - Filmbug" }, { "answer": "Patti LuPone", "passage": "The production starred Colm Wilkinson as Jean Valjean, Frances Ruffelle as Éponine, Rebecca Caine as Cosette, Patti LuPone as Fantine, Roger Allam as the persistent Inspector Javert, Michael Ball as Marius, Zoe Hart as young Cosette, Susan Jane Tanner as Madame Thénardier, David Burt as Enjolras, Ian Tucker and Oliver Spencer as Gavroche, and Alun Armstrong as the villainous, but funny rogue Thénardier.", "precise_score": -5.476581573486328, "rough_score": -9.577954292297363, "source": "search", "title": "Les Misérables: The Musical - Les Misérables Wiki - Wikia" }, { "answer": "Patti LuPone", "passage": "Patti Lupone | The Stars | Broadway: The American Musical | PBS", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.067914009094238, "source": "search", "title": "Patti Lupone | The Stars | Broadway: The American Musical ..." }, { "answer": "Patti Lu Pone", "passage": "Patti Lu Pone - Filmbug", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.392895698547363, "source": "search", "title": "Patti Lu Pone - Filmbug" }, { "answer": "Patti Lu Pone", "passage": "Patti Lu Pone", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.413742065429688, "source": "search", "title": "Patti Lu Pone - Filmbug" }, { "answer": "Patti Lu Pone", "passage": "Patti Lu Pone", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.413742065429688, "source": "search", "title": "Patti Lu Pone - Filmbug" }, { "answer": "Patti LuPone", "passage": "For television LuPone's talents were recently featured in guest star roles on the hit NBC sitcom, Frasier (for which she received a 1998 Emmy Award nomination), Encore! Encore! and Law & Order. Other television performances include An Evening with Patti LuPone for PBS; the NBC movie Her Last Chance; The Song Spinner (which received CableACE and Emmy nominations and which earned her a Daytime Emmy nomination for Best Actress); The Water Engine; LBJ; Remember WENN' and ABC's Life Goes On.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.144991874694824, "source": "search", "title": "Patti Lu Pone - Filmbug" }, { "answer": "Patti LuPone", "passage": "Equally at home with musicals, LuPone's memorable performance on the New York musical stage include her own award winning concert Patti LuPone on Broadway, Vera Simpson in the City Center Encores! production of Pal Joey, Reno Sweeney in Anything Goes which earned her a 1988 Drama Desk Award and a Tony nomination for Best Actress in a Musical; The Cradle Will Rock, Nancy in Oliver!; Eva Per�n in Evita for which she won 1980 Tony and Drama Desk Awards for Best Actress in a Musical; Working, and Rosamund in The Robber Bridegroom for which she received a 1976 Tony and Drama Desk Award nomination for Best Featured Actress in a Musical.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.765535354614258, "source": "search", "title": "Patti Lu Pone - Filmbug" }, { "answer": "Patti LuPone", "passage": "In addition to New York, she has performed her concert in major cities throughout the United States, in London and the Far East. Her most recent recordings include Matters of the Heart, Pal Joey (DRG), Heatwave with John Mauceri and the Hollywood Bowl Orchestra (Phillips Classics); Sunset Boulevard (Polygram); and Patti LuPone Live (RCA Victor).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.250533103942871, "source": "search", "title": "Patti Lu Pone - Filmbug" }, { "answer": "Patti LuPone", "passage": "Patti Lupone", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.443866729736328, "source": "search", "title": "Christmas Jeopardy! Jeopardy Template" }, { "answer": "Patti LuPone", "passage": "LuPone won fresh raves as Dottie in the hit Broadway revival of Noises Off (2002), gave impressive performances in two more PBS concerts -- as a hilarious Old Woman in Bernsteins's Candide (2005), and a powerful Fosca in Sondheim's Passion (2005). She also earned raves as Pistache in the 2004 Encores staging of Porter's Can-Can, and her rendition of \"I Love Paris\" marked the only time audiences have ever demanded and gotten spontaneous encores in that concert series. LuPone triumphed as Rose in the 2007 Broadway revival of Gypsy, winning nightly standing ovations and a second Tony for what many considered the performance of a lifetime. She starred in the poorly received musical Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown (2010), teamed with Many Patinkin for an acclaimed joint concert run in 2011, and co-starred with Debra Winger in David Mamet's play The Anarchist (2012). Her unusually frank Patti LuPone: A Memoir was publish in 2011.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.250579833984375, "source": "search", "title": "Who's Who in Musicals : Lehar to LuPone" } ]

[ { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Lerner and Loewe were the team of lyricist and librettist Alan Jay Lerner and composer Frederick Loewe, known primarily for the music and lyrics of some of Broadway's most successful musical shows, including My Fair Lady, Camelot, and Brigadoon.", "precise_score": 5.752730846405029, "rough_score": 6.5594987869262695, "source": "wiki", "title": "Lerner and Loewe" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Alan Jay Lerner and composer Frederick Loewe, known primarily for the music and lyrics of some of Broadway's most successful musical shows, including My Fair Lady, Camelot, and Brigadoon.", "precise_score": 4.8845062255859375, "rough_score": 6.521749973297119, "source": "search", "title": "Theatre1100 - Alan Lerner and Frederick Loewe" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "After Camelot, Loewe, now 60 years old, withdrew from composing, although he did return to work together with Lerner one last time on the unsuccessful 1974 film The Little Prince. Loewe's music springs from the European operetta tradition, but he adapted that tradition to appeal to an American audience with complete success. Although each of his classic shows is in a unique style reflecting the period and location of the story, each of them remains un-mistakably the work of Frederick Loewe. Frederick Loewe died in Palm Springs, California on February 14, 1988.", "precise_score": 4.3908162117004395, "rough_score": 6.592209339141846, "source": "search", "title": "Songwriters Hall of Fame - Frederick Loewe Biography" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "The duo returned with what would be their last original work for Broadway in 1960 with Camelot, another well received production that boasted a cast of stars including Julie Andrews, Richard Burton, Roddy McDowall and Robert Goulet and contained the outstanding songs 'If Ever I Would Leave You' and 'How To Handle A Woman'. After Camelot, Loewe retired while Lerner collaborated with a number of other composers including André Previn, John Barry, Leonard Bernstein, Burton Lane and Charles Strouse before persuading his old partner to help expand the score and write four new songs for a Broadway version of their movie Gigi in 1973. The following year they worked together one last time on the gentle fantasy film The Little Prince and despite ending their professional relationship the pair remained good friends.", "precise_score": 6.756824970245361, "rough_score": 6.552715301513672, "source": "search", "title": "Lerner & Loewe sheet music and tabs - download and print ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "But it was in 1947 that the team of Lerner and Loewe really made their mark on Broadway. Brigadoon, the tale of two American hunters who discover a magical village, lost in time in the highlands of Scotland, touched a chord with post-war America, and ran for 581 performances. Paint Your Wagon followed in 1951, and in 1956 My Fair Lady began a record run of 2,717 performances. This musical version of George Bernard Shaw's Pygmalion, with its combination of wit, romance, and powerful storytelling, was both an artistic and a financial triumph. The score is a string of pearls: \"On the Street Where You Live,\" \"With a Little Bit of Luck\", \"I Could Have Danced All Night,\" and \"Wouldn't It be Loverly\" have all become classics. The Arthurian musical Camelot (1960) was their last major collaboration. Loewe had suffered a heart attack in 1958 and retired from the theater after the success of Camelot.", "precise_score": 6.182568073272705, "rough_score": 7.7166290283203125, "source": "search", "title": "MHSchool: McGraw-Hill Music" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Fritz Loewe retired after Camelot in 1960, returning for one last effort in composing music for The Little Prince (1974), and rewriting songs for a stage version of Gigi.  There is actually a CD available with Lerner singing and  Loewe playing all of their “Little Prince” compositions – a rare recording of Lerner and Loewe performing together.  They remained good friends until their deaths two years apart, Lerner in 1986 and Loewe in 1988.", "precise_score": 6.461674690246582, "rough_score": 7.888673305511475, "source": "search", "title": "Lerner and Loewe - Solo Piano Stylings by Wendell H. Mills II" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "* Camelot 1960", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.444967269897461, "source": "wiki", "title": "Lerner and Loewe" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "*Camelot 1967", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.248003959655762, "source": "wiki", "title": "Lerner and Loewe" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Lerner & Loewe's Road to Camelot | Playbill", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.957083225250244, "source": "search", "title": "Lerner & Loewe's Road to Camelot | Playbill" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Lerner & Loewe's Road to Camelot", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.684020519256592, "source": "search", "title": "Lerner & Loewe's Road to Camelot | Playbill" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Lerner & Loewe's Road to Camelot", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.684020519256592, "source": "search", "title": "Lerner & Loewe's Road to Camelot | Playbill" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Romance and magic will be in the spotlight this holiday season, as the Walnut Theatre in Philadelophia presents a sparkling new production of the Broadway musical, Camelot. This classic Lerner and Loewe musical whisks the audience back to the glorious, mystical days of King Arthur, Lady Guenevere and the Knights of the Round Table.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.0580992698669434, "source": "search", "title": "Lerner & Loewe's Road to Camelot | Playbill" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Romance and magic will be in the spotlight this holiday season, as the Walnut Theatre in Philadelophia presents a sparkling new production of the Broadway musical, Camelot . This classic Lerner and Loewe musical whisks the audience back to the glorious, mystical days of King Arthur, Lady Guenevere and the Knights of the Round Table.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.0580992698669434, "source": "search", "title": "Lerner & Loewe's Road to Camelot | Playbill" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "The veteran director of Walnut holiday shows, including The Wizard of Oz and Mame , said the tale of Arthur, Guenevere and Lancelot is \"the stuff of which legends are made.\" According to Abbott, there are two factors that contribute to Camelot's timeless appeal: Most obvious is Camelot's romantic aspect. The sheer romance of this musical can take your breath away. The characters are in love with each other for all the right reasons, Abbott said.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.628012657165527, "source": "search", "title": "Lerner & Loewe's Road to Camelot | Playbill" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "The second, perhaps surprising, aspect of Camelot's appeal is political in nature. \"Our judicial system and government have their roots in Arthur's ideals of justice and honor,\" Abbott said. \"We've abandoned the 'eye for an eye' philosophy for honesty and logic.\" Camelot was the final Broadway collaboration for Alan Jay Lerner (1918-86) and Frederick Loewe (1904-88).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.9214062690734863, "source": "search", "title": "Lerner & Loewe's Road to Camelot | Playbill" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "In 1956, the duo wrote the blockbuster My Fair Lady ; two years later, the film musical Gigi , winner of nine Oscars. And in 1960, they created Camelot, their last triumph, which ran on Broadway for over two years.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.6150615215301514, "source": "search", "title": "Lerner & Loewe's Road to Camelot | Playbill" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Tickets for the Walnut's production of Camelot are now on sale. Call (215) 574-3550, ext. 4, 10 AM to 10 PM. daily for tickets.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.490017890930176, "source": "search", "title": "Lerner & Loewe's Road to Camelot | Playbill" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Their dynamic partnership is somewhat of a mystery as it is not clear as to why they would end their collaboration only to begin again (until The Little Prince, their last work together). After Brigadoon, their first major success, Loewe was heard telling his close friends that, as long as he lived, he would never work with Lerner again. But they did work together again, reaching the pinnacle of their partnership with My Fair Lady. Interestingly, they only got to work on the adaption of Pygmalion (play) (on which My Fair Lady is based) after Noel Coward and Rodgers and Hammerstein had passed it up. Again, for unknown reasons, their partnership grew frazzled as they were knee-deep in work with Camelot. After Camelot, Fritz Loewe retired and swore he would never write another note.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.916186571121216, "source": "search", "title": "Theatre1100 - Alan Lerner and Frederick Loewe" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "In their last great collaboration, Lerner and Loewe created the 1960 score for Camelot, which included songs \"I Wonder What the King is Doing Tonight\", \"Camelot\", \"The Simple Joys Of Maidenhood\", \"How to Handle a Woman\", and \"If Ever I Should Leave You\".", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 6.1303863525390625, "source": "search", "title": "Songwriters Hall of Fame - Frederick Loewe Biography" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Still an active writer Lerner died from lung cancer at the age of sixty-seven in June 1986 while Loewe passed away less than two years later in February 1988 aged eighty-six. Despite their output being relatively meagre when compared to many other great songwriting teams, the quality of their most successful shows is undisputed. Although the scenarios of those shows varied wildly, at their core they were all simple uplifting love stories and with words and melody Lerner & Loewe were masterful at conveying that most elusive of emotions. To imagine the history of the stage and film musical without the contribution of My Fair Lady, Camelot or Gigi is unthinkable while the greatest of the songs in their catalogue are objects of extraordinary life enriching pleasure of simple lyrics and great melody.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.844166278839111, "source": "search", "title": "Lerner & Loewe sheet music and tabs - download and print ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Lerner & Loewe’s Camelot | CHILDREN OF ARTHUR", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.82110071182251, "source": "search", "title": "Lerner & Loewe’s Camelot | CHILDREN OF ARTHUR" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Posted in King Arthur in Film , King Arthur on Stage , Lancelot , Merlin , Mordred , Morgan le Fay , tagged Adam Grabau , C'est Moi , Camelot National Tour , Fran Drescher , Franco Nero , If Ever I Would Leave You , Julie Andrews , Lerner & Loewe's Camelot , Mark Poppleton , Mary McNulty , Richard Burton , Richard Harris , Robert Goulet , Rozsa Center Houghton Michigan , The Lusty Month of May , Tim Rogan , Vanessa Redgrave on October 22, 2014 | 5 Comments »", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.27236270904541, "source": "search", "title": "Lerner & Loewe’s Camelot | CHILDREN OF ARTHUR" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "On Tuesday, October 21, I had the opportunity to see Lerner & Loewe’s Camelot—The National Tour at the Rozsa Center in Houghton, Michigan. Yes, I live 100 miles from Houghton and my night vision isn’t the best, so to get there I had to get a hotel room and spend the night, but Camelot is my all-time favorite musical and movie, and having never seen it performed live, I knew it would be worth the trouble.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.140202760696411, "source": "search", "title": "Lerner & Loewe’s Camelot | CHILDREN OF ARTHUR" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "First, let me say I’m a Camelot addict. I have seen the movie more times than I can count, and I wouldn’t be exaggerating to say I’ve listened to the movie soundtrack thousands of times—I wore out the record, wore out the cassette tape and CD, and hopefully, won’t wear out my iTunes. I also have played hundreds if not thousands of times the original Broadway Cast recording as well as the 1982 London recording and watched the HBO version from 1982 with Richard Harris. For thirty years, Camelot has been a big part of my life and a major influence on my deciding to study the Arthurian legend and write my own novel series about it.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.74975872039795, "source": "search", "title": "Lerner & Loewe’s Camelot | CHILDREN OF ARTHUR" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Merlin makes a stunning departure when enchanted by Nimue. (All photos taking from https://www.facebook.com/CamelotMusicalTour – no photography is allowed during the production.)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.99183464050293, "source": "search", "title": "Lerner & Loewe’s Camelot | CHILDREN OF ARTHUR" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "So my expectations were very high to see this production. I find it a bit hard not to keep comparing it to the film since it’s not a film and you can’t achieve on stage what you can on film nor perfect it in the same way. Given those limitations, I was intrigued by this production. It was promoted as “Camelot like you’ve never seen it before,” and the ads with the scruffy looking knight made it seem like it would be a modernized, visually stimulating and maybe sexed-up Camelot for a new era. Would this still be President Kennedy’s beloved Camelot? I was relieved to find it was. With a few exceptions, it faithfully followed the original Broadway production, and I’m sure Kennedy, whose administration was named after it because he loved it so much, would have enjoyed last night’s performance.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.59362506866455, "source": "search", "title": "Lerner & Loewe’s Camelot | CHILDREN OF ARTHUR" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Overall, an enjoyable evening. If I had never seen Camelot, I’m sure I would have raved about it. The crowd gave the performance a standing ovation and everyone enjoyed it, including the woman seated beside me who had seen Robert Goulet in a 1960s production in Detroit. I was also pleased to see so many college students in the audience—of all the great musicals from the mid-twentieth century, Camelot perhaps most deserves to live on for its universal themes and appeal, so I hope future generations will continue to embrace it.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.6739501953125, "source": "search", "title": "Lerner & Loewe’s Camelot | CHILDREN OF ARTHUR" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "If you’ve never seen Camelot on stage or at all, go. Beyond the sets, singing, costumes, and story, there is a beautiful underlying theme about right and wrong, good and evil, and how we must fight against the darkness because whatever we do does matter in the end. Camelot long ago inspired me to “ask every person if he’s heard the story, and tell it strong and clear if he has not.” Now I’m telling you to go see it. It’s still early in the tour and I’m sure it will just get better with each performance. To find out where Camelot is playing near you, visit http://www.camelottour.com/tickets.html", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.173563957214355, "source": "search", "title": "Lerner & Loewe’s Camelot | CHILDREN OF ARTHUR" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "– Camelot (1967 - Warner) and Paint Your Wagon (1969 - Paramount) were both destroyed by director Joshua Logan , who inexplicably put two melodic scores by Alan Jay Lerner and Frederick Loewe in the hands of actors who couldn't sing their way out of a shower stall. Lerner provided both films with bungled screenplays, so he shares the blame. Although grimy and grungy, Paint Your Wagon inexplicably cost over $20 million to produce -- more than the lavish My Fair Lady had cost just five years earlier.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.1026283502578735, "source": "search", "title": "Film 1960s II: Broadway's Leftovers - Musicals" } ]

[ { "answer": "Chicago", "passage": "Definition: House music is updated disco birthed in Chicago, named after the legendary Warehouse club. New York City also played a vital role in the development of the genre (i.e. garage house). The biggest dance genre in the electronic kingdom, important pioneers include Larry Levan, Ron Hardy, Jesse Saunders, Frankie Knuckles (the Godfather of House), DJ Pierre, Chip E., and Larry Heard.", "precise_score": -10.608524322509766, "rough_score": -10.420286178588867, "source": "search", "title": "100 Greatest House Dance Songs - DigitalDreamDoor" }, { "answer": "Chicago", "passage": "Watkins, S. Craig. Representing: hip-hop culture and the production of black cinema. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.97108268737793, "source": "search", "title": "THE SOCIAL SIGNIFICANCE OF RAP & HIP-HOP CULTURE" }, { "answer": "Chicago", "passage": "Pump Up Chicago - Mr. Lee", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.419999122619629, "source": "search", "title": "100 Greatest House Dance Songs - DigitalDreamDoor" }, { "answer": "Chicago", "passage": "SOULE: I've lived in NYC for twenty years, and I know the city extremely well. It's one of my favorite places in the world, and it's also very well known as a story backdrop because of its prevalence in so many other movies, comics, novels, TV shows, etc. It's that familiarity that's helpful to us, because, again, we're working with a character who is doing some very unfamiliar things. We kicked around other cities—Ryan lives in Chicago, and he and I both have a big background in Detroit—but NYC has its own gravity, and that's where Wizord ended up. That said, the story goes all over the world—we hit Sri Lanka in issue two, and there's sort of a globetrotting element that will kick in with issue three that will allow us to go almost anywhere. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.8597993850708, "source": "search", "title": "Image Comics" } ]

[ { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "In the latter half of the 20th century, the influence of the romance tradition of Arthur continued, through novels such as T. H. White's The Once and Future King (1958) and Marion Zimmer Bradley's The Mists of Avalon (1982) in addition to comic strips such as Prince Valiant (from 1937 onward). Tennyson had reworked the romance tales of Arthur to suit and comment upon the issues of his day, and the same is often the case with modern treatments too. Bradley's tale, for example, takes a feminist approach to Arthur and his legend, in contrast to the narratives of Arthur found in medieval materials, and American authors often rework the story of Arthur to be more consistent with values such as equality and democracy. The romance Arthur has become popular in film and theatre as well. T. H. White's novel was adapted into the Lerner and Loewe stage musical Camelot (1960) and the Disney animated film The Sword in the Stone (1963); Camelot, with its focus on the love of Lancelot and Guinevere and the cuckolding of Arthur, was itself made into a film of the same name in 1967. The romance tradition of Arthur is particularly evident and, according to critics, successfully handled in Robert Bresson's Lancelot du Lac (1974), Eric Rohmer's Perceval le Gallois (1978) and perhaps John Boorman's fantasy film Excalibur (1981); it is also the main source of the material utilised in the Arthurian spoof Monty Python and the Holy Grail (1975). ", "precise_score": -3.534680128097534, "rough_score": -2.328538656234741, "source": "wiki", "title": "King Arthur" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Re-tellings and re-imaginings of the romance tradition are not the only important aspect of the modern legend of King Arthur. Attempts to portray Arthur as a genuine historical figure of , stripping away the \"romance\", have also emerged. As Taylor and Brewer have noted, this return to the medieval \"chronicle tradition\"' of Geoffrey of Monmouth and the Historia Brittonum is a recent trend which became dominant in Arthurian literature in the years following the outbreak of the Second World War, when Arthur's legendary resistance to Germanic invaders struck a chord in Britain. Clemence Dane's series of radio plays, The Saviours (1942), used a historical Arthur to embody the spirit of heroic resistance against desperate odds, and Robert Sherriff's play The Long Sunset (1955) saw Arthur rallying Romano-British resistance against the Germanic invaders. This trend towards placing Arthur in a historical setting is also apparent in historical and fantasy novels published during this period. In recent years the portrayal of Arthur as a real hero of the 5th century has also made its way into film versions of the Arthurian legend, most notably the TV series Arthur of the Britons (1972–73), The Legend of King Arthur (1979), and Camelot (2011) [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0068041/ Arthur of the Britons (TV Series 1972–1973) – IMDb]; and the feature films King Arthur (2004) and The Last Legion (2007). ", "precise_score": -3.559723377227783, "rough_score": -1.7629514932632446, "source": "wiki", "title": "King Arthur" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "In the flood of books and television documentaries released in conjunction with the fiftieth anniversary of President John F. Kennedy's assassination, too little attention is paid to the significant role that music played in JFK's life. It's worth remembering that musical associations are bound to be some of the first things we think about when JFK comes to mind: Camelot, his friendship with Frank Sinatra, Marilyn's rendition of \"Happy Birthday,\" and the like.", "precise_score": 0.6282008290290833, "rough_score": -3.450526714324951, "source": "search", "title": "JFK 's Five Favorite Songs & What They Tell Us About Him" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "3. \"Camelot\" as sung by Richard Burton. Inevitably we must mention the song most associated with the Kennedy legend. Indeed \"Camelot\" lent its very name to that legend. Most of us will recall that JFK's name only became associated with the Lerner and Loewe musical Camelot in the wake of his death. Camelot was built around the fictional tale of King Arthur and Lancelot. In an interview just a week after the assassination, Jackie told author Theodore H. White that JFK used to play side two of the Camelot cast album before turning in at night. \"If Ever I Would Leave You\" sung by Robert Goulet was the first song, and \"Camelot\" sung by Richard Burton was the last. Jack called \"Camelot\" \"the song he (JFK) loved best.\" Jackie insisted that this story be included in White's article, telling him: \"They'll be great presidents again, but they'll never be another Camelot.\"", "precise_score": 3.6045358180999756, "rough_score": 1.1195610761642456, "source": "search", "title": "JFK 's Five Favorite Songs & What They Tell Us About Him" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Ah, the magical metaphors! Lerner & Lowe's wonderous Broadway musical of the Days of King Arthur and the Round Table has since become forever linked to the JFK presidency. Here we have the joyous voices of Richard Burton, Julie Andrews, Robert Goulet and Roddy McDowall. The rapture! And then the fall. Contrast King Arthur's/Richard Burton's uplifting version of the \"Camelot\" song (#5) with his Finale Ultimo (Camelot Reprise - #18)", "precise_score": 5.004472255706787, "rough_score": 5.33905553817749, "source": "search", "title": "Frederick Loewe, Alan Jay Lerner, Julie Andrews, Mary Sue ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Following his death, the President's time in the White House became known as 'Camelot' - the title of a popular 1960s Broadway musical which portrayed the legend of King Arthur and a mood of potential and promise for the future.", "precise_score": 2.6317505836486816, "rough_score": -0.8161138892173767, "source": "search", "title": "Camelot Remembered: John Fitzgerald Kennedy (1917-1963 ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "The President's widow, Jackie Kennedy, said the musical was JFK's favourite and she quoted lines from the show's theme song -\".... Don't let it be forgot, that once there was a spot, for one brief shining moment, that was known as Camelot...\"", "precise_score": -1.0898573398590088, "rough_score": -3.2740368843078613, "source": "search", "title": "Camelot Remembered: John Fitzgerald Kennedy (1917-1963 ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "I have prepared a 3-minute musical and pictorial tribute to remember JFK... and Camelot.", "precise_score": -0.277626097202301, "rough_score": -4.587119102478027, "source": "search", "title": "Camelot Remembered: John Fitzgerald Kennedy (1917-1963 ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Almost immediately after his death, in a remarkable and manipulative effort, Jackie Kennedy planted the-young-prince-in-Camelot imagery so deep that it has held up for a half-century, despite the onslaught of contradictions about JFK, the flawed man, that emerged in later years.", "precise_score": -5.1461992263793945, "rough_score": -2.961906671524048, "source": "search", "title": "JFK: Of Camelot and conspiracy - Reuters" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Camelot, a hit Broadway musical about King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table, played through most of his presidency. But it never was attached to Kennedy’s name before he died — a lesson in how legends are made .", "precise_score": 3.6810638904571533, "rough_score": 3.7929413318634033, "source": "search", "title": "JFK: Of Camelot and conspiracy - Reuters" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "She was talking about the popular Broadway musical fantasy about King Arthur’s court. “The lines he loved to hear,” Jackie revealed, were, “Don’t let it be forgot, that once there was a spot, for one brief shining moment that was known as Camelot.”", "precise_score": -0.10215045511722565, "rough_score": -2.246969223022461, "source": "search", "title": "Inventing Camelot: How Jackie Kennedy shaped her husband’s ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Up to , continental Arthurian romance was expressed primarily through poetry; after this date the tales began to be told in prose. The most significant of these 13th-century prose romances was the Vulgate Cycle (also known as the Lancelot-Grail Cycle), a series of five Middle French prose works written in the first half of that century. These works were the Estoire del Saint Grail, the Estoire de Merlin, the Lancelot propre (or Prose Lancelot, which made up half the entire Vulgate Cycle on its own), the Queste del Saint Graal and the Mort Artu, which combine to form the first coherent version of the entire Arthurian legend. The cycle continued the trend towards reducing the role played by Arthur in his own legend, partly through the introduction of the character of Galahad and an expansion of the role of Merlin. It also made Mordred the result of an incestuous relationship between Arthur and his sister and established the role of Camelot, first mentioned in passing in Chrétien's Lancelot, as Arthur's primary court. This series of texts was quickly followed by the Post-Vulgate Cycle (), of which the Suite du Merlin is a part, which greatly reduced the importance of Lancelot's affair with Guinevere but continued to sideline Arthur, and to focus more on the Grail quest. As such, Arthur became even more of a relatively minor character in these French prose romances; in the Vulgate itself he only figures significantly in the Estoire de Merlin and the Mort Artu. During this period, Arthur was made one of the Nine Worthies, a group of three pagan, three Jewish and three Christian exemplars of chivalry. The Worthies were first listed in Jacques de Longuyon's Voeux du Paon in 1312, and subsequently became a common subject in literature and art. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.739551544189453, "source": "wiki", "title": "King Arthur" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Camelot the Musical", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.163847923278809, "source": "search", "title": "Camelot the Musical" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Arthur introduces himself as “Wart” (his childhood nickname), and extols the virtues of “Camelot” to Guenevere. She is charmed by his appearance and demeanour, and they nearly share a kiss, before his servants arrive and reveal him as King Arthur. She agrees to marry him without reservations. Meanwhile, Merlyn is beginning to die and worries that he has forgotten to warn Arthur about Mordred and Lancelot, who will prove to be his undoing.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.509883403778076, "source": "search", "title": "Camelot the Musical" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Years pass, and Guenevere and Lancelot still struggle with their unrequited love (“If Ever I Would Leave You”).  Arthur’s illegitimate son, Mordred, arrives in Camelot, determined to take over the kingdom and destroy the Round Table. Arthur and Guenevere begin to tire of the difficulty running a kingdom (“What Do the Simple Folk Do?”), whilst the knights are growing sick of their virtuous lives (“Fie on Goodness!”). Mordred uses their malaise to turn them against Arthur.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.237605094909668, "source": "search", "title": "Camelot the Musical" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Arthur reluctantly realises he must fight Lancelot for the sake of his kingdom, and Camelot is torn apart by the resulting civil war. Before the final battle, he meets Guenevere and Lancelot alone. Their relationship has fallen apart, and they both agree to face justice in England. Arthur refuses and forgives them. Guenevere departs for a convent, while Lancelot returns to his troops. Heartbroken, Arthur comes across a young boy who has travelled to Camelot to become a knight of the Round Table. Moved by the boy’s idealism, Arthur knights him and sends him back to England, urging him to tell the tale of the perfect kingdom that once existed named “Camelot.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.333032608032227, "source": "search", "title": "Camelot the Musical" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Camelot", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.268426895141602, "source": "search", "title": "Camelot the Musical" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "End of Study Scene: Camelot (Reprise)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.223573684692383, "source": "search", "title": "Camelot the Musical" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Robbins Library Digital Projects › Camelot Project › Frequently Asked Questions about the Arthurian Legends ›", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.789966583251953, "source": "search", "title": "Frequently Asked Questions about the Arthurian Legends ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Merlin plays many roles in Arthurian literature, including bard, prophet, magician, advisor, and warrior. Though usually a figure who supports Arthur and his vision of Camelot, Merlin is, because of the stories in which he is said to be the son of a devil, sometimes presented as a villain.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.215158462524414, "source": "search", "title": "Frequently Asked Questions about the Arthurian Legends ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Where was Camelot?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.487960815429688, "source": "search", "title": "Frequently Asked Questions about the Arthurian Legends ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Camelot is an imaginary place and thus it is perhaps pointless to speak of its location. In literary sources, it is usually situated in the south of England. Some have speculated that if Arthur actually existed he would have needed a base of operations. John Leland identified Camelot with Cadbury Castle, a hill fort in Somerset. Excavations carried out at the site in 1966-1970 confirmed that this large hill fort (with 1200 yards of perimeter surrounding an eighteen-acre enclosure and rising about 250 feet above the surrounding countryside) was refortified in the Arthurian era and was occupied by a powerful leader and his followers.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.91628646850586, "source": "search", "title": "Frequently Asked Questions about the Arthurian Legends ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "In many medieval texts Arthur holds court at Caerleon or some other city. Camelot is first mentioned in the twelfth century in Chrétien de Troyes's Lancelot. In the thirteenth-century Vulgate Cycle, Camelot is said to have been converted by the son of Joseph of Arimathea, Josephus, who had built there the Church of St. Stephen, in which some texts say Arthur and Guinevere were married. Camelot becomes the principal city of Arthur's realm and remains so in many, though not all, later texts. In his Le Morte d'Arthur, Sir Thomas Malory identifies Camelot as Winchester.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.405323028564453, "source": "search", "title": "Frequently Asked Questions about the Arthurian Legends ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "What modern allusions are there to Camelot?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.426922798156738, "source": "search", "title": "Frequently Asked Questions about the Arthurian Legends ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "The image most modern readers have of Camelot coincides with Tennyson's description of it in \"The Lady of Shalott\" as \"many-tower'd Camelot.\" More recently, largely through the influence of T. H. White, Camelot has come to be associated with the values that Arthur and his realm are believed to have represented (White's 'Might for Right'). Because of John F. Kennedy's fondness for the play Camelot and an interest in the legends that originated with his childhood reading of a version of Malory, John F. Kennedy's his presidency has been referred to as 'Camelot'. Actually, the identification between Kennedy and Camelot first occurred soon after Kennedy's death, when Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy urged her friend, reporter and historian Theodore H. White, to label her late husband's historical myth in specifically Arthurian terms. Other historians also associated Kennedy's presidency, particularly some of its more idealistic programs, with the legend of Arthur. The moral overtones of Camelot are reflected in other areas as well, but sometimes 'Camelot' is used only to represent an ideal place.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.48426628112793, "source": "search", "title": "Frequently Asked Questions about the Arthurian Legends ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Indeed, there are many connections that bond Kennedy and Camelot, including the fact that Lerner was a prep school classmate of JFK's who organized his 1963 birthday show at the Waldorf in NY. Lerner and Loewe graced the cover of Time magazine on Election Day 1960. Camelot opened on Broadway a few weeks later, starting its run exactly as JFK was about to take office, making the show and administration contemporaries.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.930266380310059, "source": "search", "title": "JFK 's Five Favorite Songs & What They Tell Us About Him" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "The sense of loss felt to the public and the association between the song and the show was evident to all asCamelot toured the U.S. in the months after JFK's death. When the houselights came up following the \"Camelot\" finale, the audience was often crying en masse.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.967066764831543, "source": "search", "title": "JFK 's Five Favorite Songs & What They Tell Us About Him" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Frederick Loewe, Alan Jay Lerner, Julie Andrews, Mary Sue Berry, Robert Goulet, Richard Burton, Roddy McDowall - Camelot - Amazon.com Music", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.728375434875488, "source": "search", "title": "Frederick Loewe, Alan Jay Lerner, Julie Andrews, Mary Sue ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "The original cast of \"Camelot\", Richard Burton as Arthur, Julie Andrews as Guinevere, Robert Goulet as Lancelot, is one of those rare coming togethers of great talent in a Broadway show that all you can do is wonder why in God's name (a) the show wasn't recorded in its entirety back then on film or tape and (b) none of these participants reprised their roles in the dreadful 1967 movie version. What was Joshua Logan smoking when he insisted on Richard Harris instead of Burton? It remains one of the most baffling stories in the history of Broadway musicals mucked up by Hollywood.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.559174537658691, "source": "search", "title": "Frederick Loewe, Alan Jay Lerner, Julie Andrews, Mary Sue ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Ultimately, the CD gets only four stars from me not because of its presentation, but because of the manner in which this recording was first produced back in 1960. Goddard Lieberson, the head of Columbia Records who produced cast recordings back then was notorious for damaging the essence of what a cast recording was supposed to be, i.e. a document of the show and its music and instead often made some very bad tamperings with the material in order to achieve a supposedly \"purer\" musical listening experience. This meant (a) always eliminating all dialogue snippets that led into a song or was spoken between verses (b) sometimes eliminating whole musical sections that didn't sound \"musical\" enough and were more stage bound. In the case of \"Camelot\" this supposedly more \"artistic\" decision results in the loss of Julie Andrews lines and contributions in the title song so that it's a Burton solo. We also lose Burton's angry prelude to \"How To Handle A Woman\" where he rails against Merlin, and finally the ending which reprises the title song has been tampered into something it wasn't and never was on stage. Goddard Lieberson's aversion to dialogue from the play in this case not only harmed the integrity of this recording as a document of the play, but also robs us the ability to hear how really good Burton, Andrews etc were in their performances as well as their singing. The end result is still magnificent in the form its presented, but should have been more definitive than it turned out to be.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.187321662902832, "source": "search", "title": "Frederick Loewe, Alan Jay Lerner, Julie Andrews, Mary Sue ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "called Camelot.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.234813690185547, "source": "search", "title": "Frederick Loewe, Alan Jay Lerner, Julie Andrews, Mary Sue ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Though I never saw this show on Broadway, this cast album gives me a very good impression. The words and music really are perfectly entwined, and the songs are really good, much more memorable than they were when sung in the film, (though the film, IMHO, is still pretty good). What's really great about this recording is the great voices you hear singing these songs. Julie Andrews is surprisingly operetic as Guenevere, but nevertheless is by turns, vibrant, lusty, and sad, and is always good. Robert Goulet as Lancelot has a robust voice that comes in handy during \"C'est Moi\" and makes \"If Ever I Would Leave You,\" a beautiful song anyway, a joy to listen to. Roddy McDowell as Mordred sparks the album with his one song, \"The Seven Deadly Virtues.\" You even get to hear John Cullum; he's one of the knights in \"Then You May Take Me to the Fair.\" As for Richard Burton's Arthur, he does struggle a bit at first, talk-singing \"I Wonder What the King Is Doing Tonight\" and the first part of \"Camelot\" a bit shakily. However, he pulls himself together to give a great performance of \"How to Handle a Woman\" and, though he goes right back to talking, is still powerful in the final reprise of \"Camelot.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.475136756896973, "source": "search", "title": "Frederick Loewe, Alan Jay Lerner, Julie Andrews, Mary Sue ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "\"Camelot\" is one of my 3 favorite musicals & the definitive version is this one, the 1960 Original Broadway Cast w/Richard Burton, Julie Andrews, & Robert Goulet. However, the old CD version of this was so poor(filled w/hiss & highly-compressed)that I held on to my LP copy. So this digitally-remastered version is a welcome find!(no hiss or compression; I even hear instrum- ents in the background I've not heard before). And what more can be sd about Lerner & Loewe's most glorious & varied score or about this moving show about idealism brought down by the baser elements of human nature? A MUST-have!!!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.780659675598145, "source": "search", "title": "Frederick Loewe, Alan Jay Lerner, Julie Andrews, Mary Sue ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Camelot Remembered: John Fitzgerald Kennedy (1917-1963) - YouTube", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.535951614379883, "source": "search", "title": "Camelot Remembered: John Fitzgerald Kennedy (1917-1963 ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Camelot Remembered: John Fitzgerald Kennedy (1917-1963)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.873332977294922, "source": "search", "title": "Camelot Remembered: John Fitzgerald Kennedy (1917-1963 ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "JFK: Of Camelot and conspiracy", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.101517200469971, "source": "search", "title": "JFK: Of Camelot and conspiracy - Reuters" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "JFK: Of Camelot and conspiracy", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.101517200469971, "source": "search", "title": "JFK: Of Camelot and conspiracy - Reuters" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Yet his hold on America’s imagination remains as durable as it was the day he died. On the 50th anniversary of the assassination, publishing houses have flooded us with another deluge of books, with titles ranging from The Kennedy Half Century to Camelot’s Court: Inside the Kennedy White House to Who Really Killed Kennedy? The New York Times, in a recent article ironically headlined: “ Kennedy, the Elusive President ,” put the tally of Kennedy books since his death at 40,000. Television, bolstered by 24/7 cable channels that didn’t exist during his life, is adding to the torrent with a slew of retrospectives in the run-up to Friday’s anniversary.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.089064598083496, "source": "search", "title": "JFK: Of Camelot and conspiracy - Reuters" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "The twin pillars that keep the Kennedy saga alive — Camelot and conspiracy — were embedded in Washington’s marble within days after JFK’s death. Together, they transformed the story into a Shakespearian tragedy: a young nobleman cut down at the apex of his and his empire’s power, with his slaying forever muddled by a cast of powerful and shady characters that prevents the facts of the crime from ever truly being resolved.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.367345809936523, "source": "search", "title": "JFK: Of Camelot and conspiracy - Reuters" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Jackie, trying to head off assessments of her man by what she called “bitter people,” made certain it became the romantic theme of their time in the White House. Seven days after her husband was shot, she called Theodore White, journalist, historian and — most important — a friend, to Hyannisport for an exclusive four-hour interview. There she wove the myth of Camelot into the “reality” of the Kennedy years, even hovering over White to edit his story back on to the Camelot track, as he phoned it to his editors at Life magazine.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.027937889099121, "source": "search", "title": "JFK: Of Camelot and conspiracy - Reuters" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "On December 6, 1963, Life published the essay with its emphasis on the Camelot years and the lyrics that Jackie said her husband played on his old Victrola almost every night before going to sleep:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.425957679748535, "source": "search", "title": "JFK: Of Camelot and conspiracy - Reuters" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "For one brief shining moment that was known as Camelot.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.208365440368652, "source": "search", "title": "JFK: Of Camelot and conspiracy - Reuters" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "The Camelot image has suffered over the years since , as serious historians examined the downsides to his presidency — he essentially began our long Vietnam nightmare. Others looked at the anti-heroism of his compulsive, almost serial womanizing. Even White corrected the story he and Jackie had created in Hyannisport. By 1978, White said he had misread history somewhat.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.804959297180176, "source": "search", "title": "JFK: Of Camelot and conspiracy - Reuters" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "“The magic Camelot of John F. Kennedy never existed,” White wrote in his book, In Search of History.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.928987503051758, "source": "search", "title": "JFK: Of Camelot and conspiracy - Reuters" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Yet there was something to the concoction — because “one brief shining moment” still stands as the metaphor for Kennedy’s brief presidency. Camelot represented optimism and possibility. Kennedy created the Peace Corps, he aspired to send a man to the moon. Government was not the enemy. Forever frozen in his prime, he harkens to a simpler time, before the events that complicated America’s place in the world after his death: the tumultuous ‘60s, the quagmire that Vietnam became, Watergate, terrorism, Afghanistan and Iraq, and now the endless, deadlocked power struggle and destructiveness that has become de rigueur in Washington political life.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.670397758483887, "source": "search", "title": "JFK: Of Camelot and conspiracy - Reuters" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Kennedy gave Americans the idea that we could do better. That we could believe in something. Robert Dallek, the presidential historian and author of the new Kennedy biography, Camelot’s Court, summed it up succinctly in the New York Times: Americans admire presidents who give them hope .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.699396133422852, "source": "search", "title": "JFK: Of Camelot and conspiracy - Reuters" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "The other timeless pillar of the legend — the conspiracy theories about Kennedy’s killing — may keep his presidency alive even longer than Camelot. Future generations are not more likely to find a satisfying answer, if one exists, than we have in these 50 years.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.138654708862305, "source": "search", "title": "JFK: Of Camelot and conspiracy - Reuters" }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Inventing Camelot: How Jackie Kennedy shaped her husband’s legacy | New York Post", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.669401168823242, "source": "search", "title": "Inventing Camelot: How Jackie Kennedy shaped her husband’s ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Inventing Camelot: How Jackie Kennedy shaped her husband’s legacy", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.4761323928833, "source": "search", "title": "Inventing Camelot: How Jackie Kennedy shaped her husband’s ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "She confided to White. “At night, before we’d go to sleep . . . Jack liked to play some records . . . and the song he loved most came at the very end of this record, the last side of Camelot, sad Camelot.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.308953285217285, "source": "search", "title": "Inventing Camelot: How Jackie Kennedy shaped her husband’s ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "Jackie went on: “There’ll be great presidents again — and the Johnsons are wonderful, they’ve been wonderful to me — but there’ll never be a Camelot again.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.142586708068848, "source": "search", "title": "Inventing Camelot: How Jackie Kennedy shaped her husband’s ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "White wanted to continue to other subjects, “But [Jackie] came back to the idea that transfixed her: ‘Don’t let it be forgot, that once there was a spot, for one brief moment that was known as Camelot.’ ”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.156166076660156, "source": "search", "title": "Inventing Camelot: How Jackie Kennedy shaped her husband’s ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "President Kennedy was dead and buried in his grave, and she told the journalist she wanted to step out of the spotlight. “She said it is time people paid attention to the new president and the new first lady. But she does not want them to forget John F. Kennedy or read of him only in dusty or bitter histories: For one brief shining moment there was Camelot.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.61238956451416, "source": "search", "title": "Inventing Camelot: How Jackie Kennedy shaped her husband’s ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "He had already allowed her to pencil changes on the manuscript. As White spoke over the phone, Jackie overheard that his editors in New York wanted to tone down and cut some of the “Camelot” material.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.262406349182129, "source": "search", "title": "Inventing Camelot: How Jackie Kennedy shaped her husband’s ..." }, { "answer": "Camelot", "passage": "And it worked. Thanks to Theodore White’s essay “For President Kennedy: An Epilogue,” which ran in the Dec. 6 issue of Life, Camelot and its brief shining moment became one of the most celebrated and enduring myths in American politics.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.357949256896973, "source": "search", "title": "Inventing Camelot: How Jackie Kennedy shaped her husband’s ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie Warbucks is a musical with a book by Thomas Meehan, music by Charles Strouse, and lyrics by Martin Charnin. A sequel to the 1977 Tony Award-winning hit Annie, based on Harold Gray's Little Orphan Annie comic strip, it begins immediately after Annie ended.", "precise_score": 7.098496437072754, "rough_score": 7.591236591339111, "source": "wiki", "title": "Annie Warbucks" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie Warbucks was the second attempt at an Annie sequel. The first, entitled Annie 2: Miss Hannigan's Revenge, opened on December 22, 1989 at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Washington, D.C. to universally dismal reviews. Extensive efforts to get it into shape for a Broadway opening failed, and the project was abandoned. ", "precise_score": 6.908640384674072, "rough_score": 7.027503490447998, "source": "wiki", "title": "Annie Warbucks" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie Warbucks was developed in a workshop at the Goodspeed Opera House, directed by Charnin and choreographed by Peter Gennaro and under the direction of Michael P. Price, Executive Director. The musical played several out-of-town tryouts, starting at the Marriott Lincolnshire, Chicago in February through April 1992 and then the Drury Lane in Oak Brook, Illinois, followed by a five city United States tour, including San Diego in October 1992. ", "precise_score": 1.3301048278808594, "rough_score": 4.6165266036987305, "source": "wiki", "title": "Annie Warbucks" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "It was originally planned that Annie Warbucks would open on Broadway, but a \"major investor pulled out\". Some characters were cut and the budget reduced, leading to delays. The Off-Broadway production opened on August 9, 1993, Produced by Ben Sprecher, William Miller and Dennis Grimaldi, at the Variety Arts Theatre. The cast included Harve Presnell as Warbucks, Donna McKechnie as Sheila Kelly, and Kathryn Zaremba in the title role. The show broke all off-Broadway box office records for the time, running for 200 performances. ", "precise_score": -0.47790077328681946, "rough_score": 4.395073890686035, "source": "wiki", "title": "Annie Warbucks" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie Warbucks received a strongly positive review from The New York Times, with Ben Brantley saying, \"Kathryn Zaremba, can deliver a punch line and tug a heartstring with the best of them. Her face is that of the littlest angel; her resilience that of a dead-end kid. If no one else in the cast of \"Annie Warbucks\" lifted a finger, Miss Zaremba would still carry the show over the finish line on her tiny shoulders of steel....Happily, the evidence of busy fingers is everywhere. Charles Strouse's score—full of peppy melodies and bright banjo rhythms—is one of the composer's best....There are plenty of laughs in the book by Thomas Meehan and the lyrics by Martin Charnin, who also functions as the remarkably clear-eyed director.... Bravely blinking back tears, Ms. (Donna) McKechnie explains that life deals you a lousy hand, \"But You Go On,\" and proceeds to build the first-act torch song to a blaze. . Ms. McKechnie is in great form. ...\"Annie Warbucks\" provides enough of the familiar fun to qualify as more than a postscript. The predisposed shouldn't be disappointed, while the wary may well be won over.\" ", "precise_score": -1.1187081336975098, "rough_score": 4.439666271209717, "source": "wiki", "title": "Annie Warbucks" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "At long last, \"Annie Warbucks\" alights in Manhattan, a small miracle given the fact that this famously troubled show has been killed once, orphaned twice and has boasted three Annies since its debut in January 1990 as \"Annie 2: Miss Hannigan's Revenge,\" a musical fondly remembered for its legendary badness.", "precise_score": 3.1751179695129395, "rough_score": 4.86971378326416, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks | Variety" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "At long last, “Annie Warbucks” alights in Manhattan, a small miracle given the fact that this famously troubled show has been killed once, orphaned twice and has boasted three Annies since its debut in January 1990 as “Annie 2: Miss Hannigan’s Revenge,” a musical fondly remembered for its legendary badness.", "precise_score": 3.142317295074463, "rough_score": 4.580496788024902, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks | Variety" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie Warbucks", "precise_score": 0.4505462348461151, "rough_score": 4.032898902893066, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks | Variety" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie Warbucks | Music Theatre International", "precise_score": -0.668956995010376, "rough_score": 3.914398670196533, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks | Music Theatre International" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie Warbucks, the family-friendly musical, is a wonderful opportunity to showcase a diverse cast of characters with strong vocal and acting abilities. The show also includes a large featured ensemble, making it the perfect choice for middle schools, high schools and community theatres!", "precise_score": -0.04016835615038872, "rough_score": 4.755908012390137, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks | Music Theatre International" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "\"Annie Warbucks,\" the financially troubled and often-delayed sequel to the hit musical \"Annie,\" has fallen short of its investment goal and will not come to Broadway this season, its producer announced yesterday.", "precise_score": 6.592503547668457, "rough_score": 7.063564300537109, "source": "search", "title": "Another Postponement for 'Annie' Sequel - NYTimes.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "The show was later overhauled at the Goodspeed Opera House in East Haddam, Conn. Reconstituted as \"Annie Warbucks,\" the musical began rehearsals in early 1992, opened in Chicago, and toured to Houston, Seattle, San Bernardino, Calif., San Diego and Los Angeles, closing there last fall.", "precise_score": 2.393099308013916, "rough_score": 3.313256025314331, "source": "search", "title": "Another Postponement for 'Annie' Sequel - NYTimes.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "'Annie Warbucks' a solid musical | CJOnline.com", "precise_score": 1.7879953384399414, "rough_score": 4.953340530395508, "source": "search", "title": "'Annie Warbucks' a solid musical | CJOnline.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "'Annie Warbucks' a solid musical", "precise_score": 2.5717670917510986, "rough_score": 6.076807022094727, "source": "search", "title": "'Annie Warbucks' a solid musical | CJOnline.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "\"Annie Warbucks,\" Topeka Civic Theatre's Christmas musical, is the sequel to, but not the equal to, \"Annie.\" There are no breakout songs of the caliber of \"Tomorrow.\" There are, in fact, no breakout songs at all, though Martin Charnin and Charles Strouse, who wrote both shows, tried awfully hard with \"When You Smile\" and \"I Always Knew,\" and they tried to echo \"Easy Street\" with a number called \"Leave It to the Girls.\"", "precise_score": 6.017017364501953, "rough_score": 7.107347011566162, "source": "search", "title": "'Annie Warbucks' a solid musical | CJOnline.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "But, of course, with the exception of \"Godfather II\" and \"The Bride of Frankenstein,\" a sequel is rarely up to the original. It is more fair to judge a sequel for what it accomplishes, than to compare it to the original piece, and \"Annie Warbucks\" accomplishes much, especially with this cast.", "precise_score": 4.105035305023193, "rough_score": 5.194009304046631, "source": "search", "title": "'Annie Warbucks' a solid musical | CJOnline.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Warbucks: Annie's gone. Her parents came and took her away.", "precise_score": -0.9540306329727173, "rough_score": 2.9369962215423584, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "- Annie, Orphans, Miss Clark, Warbucks, Whittleby.", "precise_score": -1.851363182067871, "rough_score": 3.0791378021240234, "source": "search", "title": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "- Annie, Grace, Drake, Pugh, Servants, Warbucks, Mrs. Kelly, Doyle, Simon", "precise_score": -2.9241902828216553, "rough_score": 3.139390230178833, "source": "search", "title": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "- Annie, Grace, Warbucks, Drake, Pugh, Servants, Doyle", "precise_score": -1.7111716270446777, "rough_score": 3.643202304840088, "source": "search", "title": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Warbucks, Drake, Simon, Annie, Orphans, Grace, Pugh, Doyle, Sandy. Song: I Got Me.", "precise_score": -2.248713731765747, "rough_score": 3.265338182449341, "source": "search", "title": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie Warbucks - The Guide to Musical Theatre", "precise_score": 0.9802162051200867, "rough_score": 5.902799606323242, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "ANNIE WARBUCKS", "precise_score": 0.4505462348461151, "rough_score": 4.032898902893066, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Oliver \"Daddy\" Warbucks is the deuteragonist of the musical \"Annie\" and all films (including the 1995 sequel \"Annie: A Royal Adventure!\"). He is a bald millionaire and is in love with his secretary, Grace Farrell . He doesn't like Annie at first, considering he only intended to adopt a male orphan, but he didn't specify the gender. Nor did he seem to like Sandy for some reason. However, he begins to warm up to them. In fact, in the end of the musical and the films, he adopts them as his own daughter and pet, respectively. Oliver is played by the late Reid Shelton in the original musical, Albert Finney in the 1982 film, George Hearn in its sequel, and Victor Garber in the 1999 film.", "precise_score": 4.765048503875732, "rough_score": 6.827000617980957, "source": "search", "title": "Oliver Warbucks - Annie Wiki - Wikia" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "In the sequel, \"Annie: A Royal Adventure!\", Oliver Warbucks is on a trip to London with Annie, her friend Hannah (with her parents' permission), and her other friend Molly (despite Miss Hannigan saying no, so they are stowing her away), because he is supposed to be knighted by the King. In the 2014 Film he is replaced by a character named Will Stacks played by Jamie Foxx.", "precise_score": 3.862506151199341, "rough_score": 6.1814866065979, "source": "search", "title": "Oliver Warbucks - Annie Wiki - Wikia" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "*\"Annie Ain't Just Annie Anymore\" - Annie, Warbucks, Grace, Drake, The Staff", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.43131232261657715, "source": "wiki", "title": "Annie Warbucks" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "*\"Changes\" - Warbucks, Annie", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.1617608070373535, "source": "wiki", "title": "Annie Warbucks" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "*\"That's the Kind of Woman\" - Drake, Annie, Warbucks, Servants", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.39402130246162415, "source": "wiki", "title": "Annie Warbucks" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "*\"I Got Me\" - Annie, The Orphans", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.103465557098389, "source": "wiki", "title": "Annie Warbucks" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "*\"I Got Me (reprise)\" - Annie", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.871393203735352, "source": "wiki", "title": "Annie Warbucks" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "*\"Love (reprise)\" - Annie, C.G.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.38631534576416, "source": "wiki", "title": "Annie Warbucks" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "*\"Somebody's Gotta Do Somethin'\" - Annie, The Patersons, Roosevelt, Grace, The White House Staff", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.54257583618164, "source": "wiki", "title": "Annie Warbucks" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "*\"All Dolled Up\" - The Orphans, Annie, Warbucks, Grace, Roosevelt, The Patersons, Drake, The Staff", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.023252099752426147, "source": "wiki", "title": "Annie Warbucks" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "*\"When You Smile\" - Warbucks, Annie", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.2556699514389038, "source": "wiki", "title": "Annie Warbucks" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "*\"I Always Knew\" - Annie", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.45674991607666, "source": "wiki", "title": "Annie Warbucks" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "The show's creativity stimulated Rodgers and Hammerstein's contemporaries and ushered in the \"Golden Age\" of American musical theatre. Americana was displayed on Broadway during the \"Golden Age\", as the wartime cycle of shows began to arrive. An example of this is On the Town (1944), written by Betty Comden and Adolph Green, composed by Leonard Bernstein and choreographed by Jerome Robbins. The story is set during wartime and concerns three sailors who are on a 24-hour shore leave in New York City, during which each falls in love. The show also gives the impression of a country with an uncertain future, as the sailors and their women also have. Irving Berlin used sharpshooter Annie Oakley's career as a basis for his Annie Get Your Gun (1946, 1,147 performances); Burton Lane, E. Y. Harburg, and Fred Saidy combined political satire with Irish whimsy for their fantasy Finian's Rainbow (1947, 725 performances); and Cole Porter found inspiration in William Shakespeare's Taming of the Shrew for Kiss Me, Kate (1948, 1,077 performances). The American musicals overwhelmed the old-fashioned British Coward/Novello-style shows, one of the last big successes of which was Novello's Perchance to Dream (1945, 1,021 performances). The formula for the Golden Age musicals reflected one or more of four widely held perceptions of the \"American dream\": That stability and worth derives from a love relationship sanctioned and restricted by Protestant ideals of marriage; that a married couple should make a moral home with children away from the city in a suburb or small town; that the woman's function was as homemaker and mother; and that Americans incorporate an independent and pioneering spirit or that their success is self-made. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.906373500823975, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Broadway audiences welcomed musicals that varied from the golden age style and substance. John Kander and Fred Ebb explored the rise of Nazism in Germany in Cabaret, and murder and the media in Prohibition-era Chicago, which relied on old vaudeville techniques. Pippin, by Stephen Schwartz, was set in the days of Charlemagne. Federico Fellini's autobiographical film 8½ became Maury Yeston's Nine. At the end of the decade, Evita and Sweeney Todd were precursors of the darker, big budget musicals of the 1980s that depended on dramatic stories, sweeping scores and spectacular effects. At the same time, old-fashioned values were still embraced in such hits as Annie, 42nd Street, My One and Only, and popular revivals of No, No, Nanette and Irene. Although many film versions of musicals were made in the 1970s, few were critical or box office successes, with the notable exceptions of Fiddler on the Roof, Cabaret and Grease. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.049785614013672, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Made for TV musical films were popular in the 1990s, such as Gypsy (1993), Cinderella (1997) and Annie (1999). Several made for TV musicals in the first decade of the 21st century were adaptations of the stage version, such as South Pacific (2001), The Music Man (2003) and Once Upon A Mattress (2005), and a televised version of the stage musical Legally Blonde in 2007. Additionally, several musicals were filmed on stage and broadcast on Public Television, for example Contact in 2002 and Kiss Me, Kate and Oklahoma! in 2003. The made-for-TV musical High School Musical (2006), and its several sequels, enjoyed particular success and were adapted for stage musicals and other media. In 2013, NBC began a series of live television broadcasts of musicals with The Sound of Music Live! Although the production received mixed reviews, it was a ratings success. Further broadcasts have included Peter Pan Live! (NBC 2014), The Wiz Live! (NBC 2015), a UK broadcast, The Sound of Music Live (ITV 2015) and Grease: Live (Fox 2016). ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.126467227935791, "source": "wiki", "title": "Musical theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie Warbucks | Variety", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.8624284267425537, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks | Variety" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "“Annie Warbucks” is an infinitely better show than “Miss Hannigan’s Revenge.” It has charm (though not nearly as much as the original “Annie” in 1977), several good songs from Martin Charnin and Charles Strouse and — the real miracle in this production, which has been downsized from a $ 5.5 million Broadway promise to a $ 1 million Off Broadway reality — simply beautiful, elegant settings by Ming Cho Lee that unfold like origami.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.813819408416748, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks | Variety" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "In Kathryn Zaremba, this sequel has a good, though only good, Annie. She’s cute and blessed with a sturdy, attractive voice, but she has to fake Annie’s charisma and she’s completely unformed as an actress. Such artlessness can be a virtue, especially in child actors; here, however, it leaves a noticeable hole in the proceedings.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.852972984313965, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks | Variety" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "It’s Christmas morning, 1933; Warbucks’ adoption of Annie seems complete, and a holiday celebration is under way. But the festivities are interrupted by New York City child welfare commissioner Harriet Doyle, a comic villainess easily the rival of Miss Hannigan and played with shlumpy, grumpy relish by Alene Robertson. She directs Daddy to find a wife within 60 days or it’s back to the orphanage for Annie.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.64953875541687, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks | Variety" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "The obvious choice is right under Warbucks’ nose, in the person of his young, attractive secretary Grace (Marguerite MacIntyre). To press the point, Annie and the service staff, headed by the fine butler Drake (a smooth Kip Niven), sing “That’s the Kind of Woman.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.6986182928085327, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks | Variety" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Before the show wends its way to a completely predictable ending, Annie will have learned about love from a family of sharecroppers in Tennessee (all awfully played), helped FDR (Raymond Thorne) create the Tennessee Valley Authority, and brought her pals from the orphanage (a pitifully underpopulated group) aboard the Staten Island Ferry for a wedding party, where they and the grownups have a terrific dance number in “All Dolled Up.” And Grace will have delivered the musical’s sole standout number, the torchy “It Would Have Been Wonderful.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.822938919067383, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks | Variety" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "This is a show that gives away its entire plot and nearly all its secrets in the song titles. Despite the years of development, Strouse and Charnin still haven’t come up with a number for Annie to equal “Tomorrow,” and the one that tries, “I Always Knew,” is derivative and illiterate (“Tomorrow can come true”).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.821949005126953, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks | Variety" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "The show still seems unfinished — among other quibbles, one could complain that there’s not enough Annie Warbucks in “Annie Warbucks”– but it’s a competent and frequently pleasant show. That should satisfy a lot of customers, who may give the expensively refurbished Variety Arts Theater the validation it needs.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.16523835062980652, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks | Variety" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "The show will never make Charnin, Strouse and Meehan the millions they earned from “Annie,” but it will finally let them get on with their lives, for which we can all be grateful.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.827320098876953, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks | Variety" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "All the ingredients that made Annie so successful are here once again, with an old-fashioned romance thrown in for good measure, in Annie Warbucks! Tony Award winners, Thomas Meehan, Charles Strouse and Martin Charnin, return with all new laughs, romance and unforgettable songs.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.171914577484131, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks | Music Theatre International" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "The action picks up right where Annie leaves off, when Child Welfare Commissioner Harriet Doyle arrives on the scene to inform Daddy Warbucks that he must marry within 60 days so that the newly adopted Annie can have a proper mother. In the end, Daddy Warbucks' whirlwind search for a fitting bride uncovers not only a plot by Doyle and her daughter to strip him of his fortune, but also his true feelings for Grace Farrell.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.4633469581604004, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks | Music Theatre International" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Another Postponement for 'Annie' Sequel - NYTimes.com", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.4937922954559326, "source": "search", "title": "Another Postponement for 'Annie' Sequel - NYTimes.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Another Postponement for 'Annie' Sequel", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.5629144310951233, "source": "search", "title": "Another Postponement for 'Annie' Sequel - NYTimes.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "The show's producer, Karen Walter Goodwin, said in a statement that funds were not available \"to open the show this season.\" Ms. Goodwin declined further comment. A member of the production team who spoke on condition of anonymity said that \"Annie Warbucks\" was more than a million dollars short of its $5.5 million capitalization. The show was originally scheduled to open on March 18, but it was delayed until April after a key investor withdrew late last year.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.2978405952453613, "source": "search", "title": "Another Postponement for 'Annie' Sequel - NYTimes.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "The original \"Annie\" opened on April 21, 1977 at the Alvin Theater (now the Neil Simon) and ran for 2,377 performances, closing on Jan. 1, 1983. Rewrite of a Sequel", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.18805183470249176, "source": "search", "title": "Another Postponement for 'Annie' Sequel - NYTimes.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "\"Annie Warbucks\" is a rewritten version of \"Annie 2,\" which was originally planned by Mr. Charnin in 1982 and then repeatedly postponed. When \"Annie 2\" finally opened in Washington in January 1990, reviews were poor and the show was closed.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.950858473777771, "source": "search", "title": "Another Postponement for 'Annie' Sequel - NYTimes.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Mr. Strouse and Mr. Charnin insisted yesterday that \"Annie 2\" had a future. \"This show will come to Broadway if I have to sit on a stool and tell it,\" Mr. Charnin said.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.327058792114258, "source": "search", "title": "Another Postponement for 'Annie' Sequel - NYTimes.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "You must have a strong performer playing Annie, and director Shannon Reilly has found one. Bethany Kennedy can belt a song like any Broadway baby you ever heard, even managing to find the right notes submerged in some of these thin soup melodies and making them more than they are. She's a star.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.767196655273438, "source": "search", "title": "'Annie Warbucks' a solid musical | CJOnline.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "With community theatre, you generally find yourself giving a pass to one weak actor or another. Not this time. They can all act and they can all sing (kudos to Nancy Goodall's solid music direction), and each solo is a surprise and a pleasure. Some of them can dance, and all of them can make you think they can dance. Credit choreographer Angie Allendorf Price. The voices in the chorus numbers are multilayered and rich, and the 20 little girls playing orphans should just be booked as a group for the next road show of either \"Annie\" script.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.806797981262207, "source": "search", "title": "'Annie Warbucks' a solid musical | CJOnline.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "\"Annie Warbucks\" is an evening of American optimism just when we need it.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.1192619651556015, "source": "search", "title": "'Annie Warbucks' a solid musical | CJOnline.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie The Broadway Musical 30th Anniversary Recoding - Time Life", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.097146987915039, "source": "search", "title": "Annie The Broadway Musical 30th Anniversary ... - Time Life" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "23. A New Deal For Christmas —Oliver Warbucks, Grace, Annie & more", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.11556749790906906, "source": "search", "title": "Annie The Broadway Musical 30th Anniversary ... - Time Life" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "28. 1934 (Reprise) — Amanda Balon as Annie", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.610880374908447, "source": "search", "title": "Annie The Broadway Musical 30th Anniversary ... - Time Life" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "40. All I've Got Is Me (album) — Amanda Balon as Annie", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.499703407287598, "source": "search", "title": "Annie The Broadway Musical 30th Anniversary ... - Time Life" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "41. I Guess THings Happen for the Best — Marissa O'Donnell as Annie", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.22457504272461, "source": "search", "title": "Annie The Broadway Musical 30th Anniversary ... - Time Life" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "42. My Daddy (album) — Andrea McArdle as Annie", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.611355781555176, "source": "search", "title": "Annie The Broadway Musical 30th Anniversary ... - Time Life" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.506494164466858, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie (musical)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.197941780090332, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie is a musical based upon the popular Harold Gray comic strip Little Orphan Annie . It has music by Charles Strouse , lyrics by Martin Charnin , and a book by Thomas Meehan . It was first staged in 1976, and was filmed in 1982 (by director John Huston ) and filmed for TV in 1999 (by director Rob Marshall ). All quotations listed here appear in all three works, unless otherwise noted.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.60011100769043, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "[about why he refuses to adopt Annie] I'm a businessman. I love money, I love power, I love capitalism. I do not now and never will love children.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.972312927246094, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "[Annie's orphan friends arrive at Warbucks' house to find Annie]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.1915764808654785, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Duffy: We're friends of Annie's.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.245858192443848, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie: Do you want Miss Hannigan to come in here?! Go back to bed!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.014289855957031, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "(the other orphans return to bed, except for Pepper, who stares at Annie)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.246367454528809, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie: Now! Or you'll have me to deal with.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.508056640625, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "(Annie has just calmed down Molly after her nightmare)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.96005916595459, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie: Close your eyes. Think about your folks.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.066621780395508, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie: Think about the folks who want to adopt you, because want a little girl with brown hair and brown eyes.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.411905288696289, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "(Annie then goes into the rest of the song \"Maybe\" until Miss Hannigan comes in.)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.182790756225586, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie: But it's in the middle of the night.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.724680423736572, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Miss Hannigan: (mocks) \"But it's in the middle of the night.\" (normally; grabs Annie) And if this floor don't shine like the top of the Chrysler Building , your backsides will. Y'understand?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.120177268981934, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Miss Hannigan: What do we say, Annie?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.85356330871582, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie: I love you, Miss Hannigan.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.943923473358154, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "(After the \"Hard Knock Life\" number; the orphans have hidden Annie in a laundry basket.)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.21561050415039, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Miss Hannigan: Wonderful. (looks around) Where's Annie?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.152889251708984, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "(Annie has revealed Sandy the dog to her fellow orphans)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.060843467712402, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Molly: What's his name, Annie?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.959671020507812, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie: Guess.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.866434097290039, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie: ...I love you, Miss Hannigan?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.65257740020752, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Miss Hannigan: And you will love the paddle closet, Annie! And this will love the sausage factory! (Orphans cry out) What?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.269352912902832, "source": "search", "title": "Annie (musical) - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.0609034299850464, "source": "search", "title": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.0609034299850464, "source": "search", "title": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Dear Cast Members of Annie Warbucks:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.9259941577911377, "source": "search", "title": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "2. Rehearsal schedule for Annie Warbucks", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.7721799612045288, "source": "search", "title": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie (Fri, Sun) * Alexandra Bilbo", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.633105754852295, "source": "search", "title": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie (Sat, Mon) * Gina", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.364977836608887, "source": "search", "title": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Songs: New Deal and Annie Ain't Just Annie", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.20650577545166, "source": "search", "title": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "- Warbucks, Grace, Doyle, Miss Clark, Simon, Annie", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.764542579650879, "source": "search", "title": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "- Miss Clark, Harriet, warbucks, Mrs. Kelly, Simon, Grace, Annie, Doyle", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.8898794651031494, "source": "search", "title": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "- Annie, Stanley, Ella, Alvin, CG", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.773720741271973, "source": "search", "title": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "- Gladys, Vandenberg, Warbucks, Grace, Lillianthal, Simon, Doyle, Sheila Kelly, Roosevelt, Annie, Pattersons", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.415071725845337, "source": "search", "title": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "9:00-1:00 * Annie and Orphans to do Act 1-4", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.720007419586182, "source": "search", "title": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "4:00-5:00 * Annie, Warbucks, Grace, Sheila, Commissioner review", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.8699266910552979, "source": "search", "title": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "We will provide most costume pieces except shoes and the dresses for the child ensemble. All actors must provide shoes and hosiery. ALL children need a pair of WHITE tights AND BLACK tights. Orphans AND CG need brown or black button up boots (jazz boots are OK) AND a pair of white Mary Jane's. Child Ensemble members need only have WHITE or Black Mary Jane's. ANNIE must have black Mary-Jane's and frilly white socks.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.394030570983887, "source": "search", "title": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "If you are NOT an orphan, Annie, or CG then you need to provide a period style Christmas dress and a pastel/white/light colored party dress (period style) for costumes. We apologize for not alerting you of this sooner. Thanks for your cooperation.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.697826385498047, "source": "search", "title": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Saturday night we are usually at Friendly's in Sudbury, and we will also be at Bella Costa on Sunday afternoon (also to celebrate Alexandra's final performance as Annie). Monday night is up for grabs!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.560779571533203, "source": "search", "title": "ANNIE WARBUCKS CAST PAGE - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Based on LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE® by permission of Tribune Media Services Inc", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.926647186279297, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "The show begins immediately after Annie ended: Christmas morning, 1933.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.317499160766602, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "The billionaire Oliver Warbucks, his personal secretary, Grace Farrell, his servants, his newly adopted daughter, Annie, and her friends from the Municipal Orphanage are singing the closing bars of the song A New Deal For Christmas,\" which ended Annie. Two servants enter with a huge Christmas present and Sandy jumps out of it, happily reunited with Annie. Oliver Warbucks insists that Annie begin calling him Daddy and Annie celebrates her new name, Annie Warbucks, by singing \"Annie Ain't Just Annie Anymore.\" As Daddy Warbucks is settling down to sing some Christmas carols with Annie and the orphans, his attorney, Simon Whitehead, and several of his accountants appear with business matters he needs to consider. The children leave and Daddy discusses his income taxes with his visitors. That conversation is interrupted by the arrival of Harriet Doyle, the Commissioner of the New York City Department of Child Welfare.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.4740126430988312, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "In Daddy Warbucks's study, Harriet Doyle reveals the reason for her visit. Since Daddy is not married, he has broken the law by adopting Annie. Commissioner Doyle has come to return Annie to the orphanage. She insists that even though he is wealthy and powerful, Warbucks is not \"Above The Law.\" As her assistant, Miss Clark, prepares to take Annie away, Attorney Whitehead suggests Daddy Warbucks get married quickly so he can keep Annie. The Commissioner agrees to allow Annie to remain at the mansion for 60 days to give Daddy time to find a suitable wife. Daddy instructs Grace, who obviously envisions herself as a possible wife for him, to prepare a list of eligible women. Annie is despondent over the news she will have to share Daddy Warbucks's affection with a stranger (\"Changes\"). Warbucks leaves with Whitehead and Grace to begin the search for the future Mrs. Warbucks.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.570163726806641, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie, on the balcony of the mansion, laments the fact that a kid and her father can't make a family. She reprises \"Changes.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.06648063659668, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Back at the Municipal Orphanage, Tessie, one of the orphans, has been returned by a couple who had thought they wanted to adopt her. Annie arrives and shares her troubles with her friends. She shows them pictures of the women being considered as a possible wife for Daddy Warbucks and they find something dreadful about each candidate (\"The Other Woman\"). Daddy arrives with Dr. Margaret Whittleby, a child psychologist, who is one of the candidates. Annie leaves to have lunch with Daddy and Dr. Whittleby as the orphans respond with disdain to the idea of the psychologist as a mother for Annie.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.9298267364501953, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "A month later, Commissioner Doyle is checking up on Warbucks's progress. After interviewing 100 candidates, he still has no fiancée. Mrs. Kelly suddenly appears on the scene; she is introduced as an employee of Commissioner Doyle. Warbucks is taken by her manner. He gives her taxi money. Mrs. Kelly calls Annie \"punkin\" and says endearing things to her. Annie overhears Grace talking on the phone to a member of President Roosevelt's staff, who is offering her a job in Washington. Grace tells Annie that Warbucks's marriage plans have caused her to think she will have no place in the new scheme of things. She insists that Annie is mistaken when the child claims that Daddy should marry her. Grace leaves and Annie plots with the servants to convince Daddy to marry Grace.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.819185972213745, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "For Annie's sake, the servants decide to risk their positions by commenting on Daddy Warbucks's marriage plans (\"That's The Kind of Woman\"). They advance the idea of Grace as the perfect wife. When they are through, Grace assures Daddy Warbucks that she had nothing to do with their efforts. Commissioner Doyle insists Grace is not mature enough to be considered as acceptable by her office. Grace reveals her plan to leave for Washington, which Commissioner Doyle encourages, as Warbucks tries to convince her to stay. After everyone leaves, Annie confesses that she put the servants up to supporting the idea of Grace. Daddy confesses he does care about Grace but knows she thinks he is too old for him (\"A Younger Man\"). Annie fails to convince him to tell Grace of his feelings.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.493396759033203, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Daddy Warbucks goes to Commissioner Doyle's office to sign papers related to his agreement to find a wife within 60 days. There, he once again encounters Mrs. Kelly, who assists him with the paperwork and thanks him for his kindness in giving her cab fare. He learns that she is from his old neighborhood - Hell's Kitchen - and Annie observes that he is very taken by her. Annie tries to distract him, but Mrs. Kelly tells Warbucks about her hard early life (\"But You Go On\"). During the song, she reveals that she is divorced and that her child has died. Commissioner Doyle appears and chastises her for socializing on the job. Warbucks demands that she be added to his list of eligible women as the Commissioner loudly objects. A phone call from England about a business matter causes Warbucks to leave the office abruptly with his entourage. Left alone, Commissioner Doyle congratulates Mrs. Kelly (Sheila) on her success. We learn they are mother and daughter. Mrs. Kelly has previously served eight years in jail for killing an \"old geezer\" with arsenic. They vow not to get caught this time as they sing that they're \"Above The Law.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.3044540882110596, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Daddy Warbucks prepares to go to England to deal with a financial crisis. He tells Grace to tell Commissioner Doyle that upon his return he will marry one of the women he's already met. He signs the marriage license papers at the urging of Whitehead so he can proceed with the engagement and wedding quickly when he gets back from England. When Daddy Warbucks asks Grace to help him decorate for his new wife, she decides she has to leave for Washington at once. Annie is distressed to learn of her planned departure. Commissioner Doyle comes in and Annie begs her to approve of Grace as Daddy's wife. She refuses and threatens to return Annie to the orphanage. Annie tells the orphans who are visiting her that she is going to run away. Her father is too busy to pay attention to her, Grace is leaving and she feels as if the whole situation is her fault. She says she plans to go \"out west.\" She says she has herself to depend on-that will have to be enough (\"I Got Me\"). She gets Sandy and runs out. Daddy Warbucks learns about Annie's having run away and Grace's departure for the White House. He cancels his important travel plans and calls the White House for help.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.47821307182312, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Annie and Sandy are in a Pennsylvania Railroad train yard. They hop on a freight train with the help of two hobos. Annie reprises \"I Got Me\" as the train rolls into the night.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.329113006591797, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "It is six weeks later. Annie is sitting on a box in the yard of a Tennessee sharecropper's home. A weather-beaten fence with a mailbox, a few crates and some burlap are seen in the shadowy twilight. Annie is eating from a bowl as she is watched by Ella and Reverend Alvin Paterson and C.G., their ten-year-old daughter. Annie and Sandy found refuge in the Paterson house when she was being chased by railroad police. Annie lies, telling the Patersons her name is Ruby Keeler. Mr. Stanley, the mill owner, arrives and offers Alvin a day of work at the mill for five cents an hour. He asks who Annie is and the Patersons claim that Annie is Alvin's niece. The Patersons explain to Annie that the Tennessee River is the source of many of the area's economic woes because it floods in the spring and dries up in the summer. Annie tells Ella and C.G. she ran away because her father was getting married again and didn't want her. She thinks she did him a favor by getting out of his life. Ella says Annie doesn't understand \"Love.\" She tells Annie you have to \"open, open wide - there's a lot of room inside for love.\" Annie decides to go home and accepts the Paterson faimly's offer to take her back to New York. She says they can collect the reward money. She reveals her real identity and they realize that they have heard about her on the radio. They think the reward is $100.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.863958358764648, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "At the White House, national policy is at a standstill as the search for Annie goes on. Senator Vandenberg accuses the President of failing to end the Depression because of the preoccupation with Annie. The President responds that he believes the White House staff has the heart, brains and dedication to both end the Depression and find a lost little girl. The Patersons appear with Annie and are shocked to find out that the reward is actually $100,000. While at the White House, the Patersons take advantage of the opportunity to tell the President their concerns about the Tennessee River (\"Somebody's Got To Do Something\"). At the conclusion of their appeal, the idea to create the Tennessee Valley Authority has been born. Sheila Kelly (alias Florence) tells her mother (Commissioner Doyle) that the involvement of the White House and the FBI scares her. She wants to end their scheme. Her mother convinces her to continue and they discuss their plot, which includes getting rid of everyone from Daddy and Annie to Grace and the servants (\"Leave It To The Girls\"). Grace overhears Commissioner Doyle refer to Mrs. Kelly as Florence and becomes suspicious.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.964926719665527, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "On board the Staten Island Ferry celebrating Annie's return, the orphans are singing \"All Dolled Up.\" They are joined by President Roosevelt, the Patersons, Annie, Daddy Warbucks, Attorney Whitehead and Mrs. Kelly. Warbucks and Mrs. Kelly waltz romantically together and then include Annie in their dance. The Patersons report that they have invested their reward money in Warbucks's stock. Mrs. Kelly sings a lullaby to Annie. The song she sings happens to be the lullaby Daddy Warbucks's mother used to sing to him. (He has forgotten he mentioned that to Commissioner Doyle.) When Commissioner Doyle reminds him he is now violating his agreement to marry within 60 days, he quickly proposes to Mrs. Kelly. The wedding is set for Wednesday and Mrs. Kelly leaves the party. Daddy Warbucks and Grace are left alone. She wishes him happiness and goes inside to have dinner with Annie and his guests. Alone, Grace sings \"It Would Have Been Wonderful.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.2612394094467163, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "A suite in the Waldorf-Astoria looks like the set an Astaire-Rogers movie. Everyone is preparing for the wedding and Daddy tries to reassure Annie they will be happy with Mrs. Kelly (\"When You Smile\").", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.09307861328125, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Scene Five: The ballroom at the Waldorf-Astoria. As the orphans march in the wedding procession they sing \"Wedding, Wedding.\" As Reverend Paterson is about to declare Daddy Warbucks and Mrs. Kelly husband and wife, a cablegram arrives announcing Warbucks is ruined. Mrs. Kelly starts to run out, but is stopped by Grace who reveals Mrs. Kelly's true identity. Sheila Kelly and Commissioner Doyle in turn reveal that Attorney Whitehead was behind the entire plot to get Mrs. Kelly married to Warbucks so she could kill him and take his money. Whitehead resented the fact that Warbucks, a Tenth Avenue Shanty Irish, should have more money than he did himself, since he was born into one of the oldest families in Boston and attended Harvard. Annie then reveals the cablegram was a fake sent by Grace who wanted to have the chance to see if Mrs. Kelly really loved Warbucks. Warbucks learns he is still rich and now doesn't have to get married. However, he decides that he is not so old after all and finally asks Grace to marry him. They decide to adopt all the orphans and the wedding proceeds. Annie tells Molly she always knew the ending would be happy (\"I Always Knew\").", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.000558376312256, "source": "search", "title": "Annie Warbucks - The Guide to Musical Theatre" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Oliver Warbucks | Annie Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.8362828493118286, "source": "search", "title": "Oliver Warbucks - Annie Wiki - Wikia" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "The musical and two films follow the same way. First, he meets Annie, only to be disappointed at first. He and Grace take Annie out on outings (a movie in the 1982 film, and ice cream and ending with a Broadway show in that from 1999). He then decides to adopt Annie, while still trying to find Annie's parents. Later, he decides to allow the Mudges (whom he is led to think are her parents) to adopt her (unaware that they are actually Rooster Hannigan and Lily St. Regis  ( In the 1999 film, it is Miss Hannigan who pretends to be Mrs. Mudge] pretending to be her parents just for the $50,000). However, when their cover is blown, and the duo are arrested (and so is Miss Hannigan in the musical, while she reforms in the 1982 film, and she is sent to an asylum in the 1999 film), and (according to the 1999 film) Oliver learns from the president that David and Margaret Bennett were Annie's real parents, whose death some time ago was why they never found her all these years. So, he adopts Annie and becomes engaged to Grace.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.226661682128906, "source": "search", "title": "Oliver Warbucks - Annie Wiki - Wikia" }, { "answer": "Annie", "passage": "Though in the Broadway musicals and the three movie adaptations Oliver gets married to Grace, he is already married to a snobby woman that adopts Annie just for popularity. When Oliver Warbucks instantly falls in love with the orphan , she becomes Annie's enemie and adopts another named Selby Adelbert Piffeberry. She neglects Annie but her husband often puts her into place.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.6571788787841797, "source": "search", "title": "Oliver Warbucks - Annie Wiki - Wikia" } ]

[ { "answer": "Swansea", "passage": "The Glynn Vivian Art Gallery is the public art gallery of the City and County of Swansea, in South Wales. The gallery is situated in Alexandra Road, near Swansea railway station, opposite the old Swansea Central Library.", "precise_score": 9.822364807128906, "rough_score": 9.033878326416016, "source": "wiki", "title": "Glynn Vivian Art Gallery" }, { "answer": "Swansea", "passage": "The creation of the Glynn Vivian Art Gallery was made possible when in 1905 Richard Glynn Vivian offered his collection of paintings, drawings and china to the City with an endowment of £10,000. The donor laid the foundation stone himself in 1909, but it was after his death that the Gallery was formally opened in 1911, with 'great enthusiasm and gaiety'. The building was designed by Glendinning Moxham in 'Edwardian baroque' style. William Grant Murray, director of the Swansea Art School, became the Gallery's first director; since 1951 the Gallery has had its own Curator.", "precise_score": 6.8391218185424805, "rough_score": 8.542459487915039, "source": "wiki", "title": "Glynn Vivian Art Gallery" }, { "answer": "Swansea", "passage": "Whilst the Gallery is closed the Glynn Vivian will present an exciting programme of exhibitions and events at different venues in Swansea, whilst lively learning activities continue at the YMCA . When the gallery re-opens it will contain a broad spectrum of visual arts including traditional and modern painting, and sculpture.  The gallery will include work by Old Masters and offers a sharp, contemporary overview of modern arts.", "precise_score": 5.986521244049072, "rough_score": 7.580512523651123, "source": "search", "title": "Museums & Galleries - Swansea City Centre" }, { "answer": "Swansea", "passage": "Founded in 1911 by the original bequest of Richard Glynn Vivian (1835-1910), the gallery belongs to the City and County of Swansea, and houses a distinctive collection formed over the last century, which continues to grow with new work from today's artists, supported by gifts, donations and the annual Wakelin Award.", "precise_score": 7.940203666687012, "rough_score": 8.005752563476562, "source": "search", "title": "Swansea - About Glynn Vivian Art Gallery" }, { "answer": "Swansea", "passage": "Richard Glynn Vivian's collection, like most private collections, was eclectic. By donations – including the Deffett Francis collection of prints and drawings and the K. S. Meager bequest of Swansea china – and by purchases the Gallery's holdings have become more representative of the range of European art, while remaining rich in the work of local artists.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 6.235240459442139, "source": "wiki", "title": "Glynn Vivian Art Gallery" }, { "answer": "Swansea", "passage": "The gallery displays a broad spectrum of visual arts from the original bequest of Richard Glynn Vivian (1835–1910), and includes work by Old Masters as well as an international collection of porcelain and Swansea china.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 7.003920555114746, "source": "wiki", "title": "Glynn Vivian Art Gallery" }, { "answer": "Swansea", "passage": "The Gallery has an extensive collection of Swansea porcelain and china, as well as select pieces of other British and European factories, and of British and French glass. Among these is one of the earliest examples of European porcelain, a Meissen experimental vase complete with AR mark.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.485051155090332, "source": "wiki", "title": "Glynn Vivian Art Gallery" }, { "answer": "Swansea", "passage": "In October 2011 the gallery was closed temporarily for a £6 million refurbishment and recladding of the 1974 extension. During the closure, the gallery planned to continue a programme of activities using alternative local venues. The former chair of the Arts Council of Wales was quoted as saying \"The Glynn Vivian is a major civic facility and the only purpose-built art gallery in Wales that is still open. It will be missed by the people of Swansea but they will welcome it back in its renewed form\". The work schedule was extended by two years after the original contractor went in to administration. The building is due to re-open in 2016.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 6.71714448928833, "source": "wiki", "title": "Glynn Vivian Art Gallery" }, { "answer": "Swansea", "passage": "Rich in art and culture, Swansea City Centre offers a good selection of museums and galleries, guaranteed to fascinate and entertain visitors. Furthermore, many of the facilities offer free admission.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.769083499908447, "source": "search", "title": "Museums & Galleries - Swansea City Centre" }, { "answer": "Swansea", "passage": "The  National Waterfront Museum  is designed to celebrate Welsh history, culture and achievement.  The museum tells the story of industry and innovation in Wales, now and during the last 300 years.  The facility combines interactive computer technology and impressive visual displays to tell how Wales’ industrial and maritime heritage has played its role in shaping today’s economy and society.  It is an essential destination for any visitor to Swansea City Centre.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.339615821838379, "source": "search", "title": "Museums & Galleries - Swansea City Centre" }, { "answer": "Swansea", "passage": "Swansea Museum  is the oldest in Wales, which was opened in 1841, and it now managed by the City & County of Swansea.   The Museum is a real treasure house of Swansea’s past and present, and is a focus for the future of the city and its people, as well as providing a visitor experience that’s sure not to disappoint.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.106600761413574, "source": "search", "title": "Museums & Galleries - Swansea City Centre" }, { "answer": "Swansea", "passage": "The Dylan Thomas Centre  is now the focal point for a celebration of the world famous poet’s life and work, and home to the annual Dylan Thomas Festival.  This splendid building was named after on of Swansea’s most famous sons and is home to a permanent exhibition on his life.  Aside from the collection and exhibition, there is also a shop that offers books, posters and memorabilia available for purchase.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.568519592285156, "source": "search", "title": "Museums & Galleries - Swansea City Centre" }, { "answer": "Swansea", "passage": "You’ll also love visiting the Ocean gallery on Oxford Street and the volunteer run Elysium Gallery on Mansel Street, which are both conveniently located in the heart of Swansea City Centre.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.22611141204834, "source": "search", "title": "Museums & Galleries - Swansea City Centre" }, { "answer": "Swansea", "passage": "The Glynn Vivian’s Offsite Exhibitions programme includes work by emerging and established artists based in Swansea and Wales, together with internationally renowned artists.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.683831214904785, "source": "search", "title": "Exhibitions | Glynn Vivian Art Gallery: blog" }, { "answer": "Swansea", "passage": "Swansea - About Glynn Vivian Art Gallery", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 6.658382415771484, "source": "search", "title": "Swansea - About Glynn Vivian Art Gallery" }, { "answer": "Swansea", "passage": "In the light of our redevelopment the gallery's vision is to engage more meaningfully with our communities, creating a new, inspiring and exciting experience. Working with a new thematic synergy between our exhibitions, collections and learning programmes, we are seeking to engage with the widest audiences possible, offsite and onsite, to contribute to the social wellbeing of our communities, to support the future regeneration of our city and to raise the profile of Swansea.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.515247344970703, "source": "search", "title": "Swansea - About Glynn Vivian Art Gallery" }, { "answer": "Swansea", "passage": "Our exhibitions programme in recent years has also been dynamic, distinguished by artists in Wales as well as from elsewhere. Notable projects include work by Shimabuku, Mark Wallinger, Laura Ford, Bedwyr Williams, Contemporary Art from Colombia, Tim Davies, and our recent city-wide exhibition between artists from Swansea and Xiamen in China.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.092381477355957, "source": "search", "title": "Swansea - About Glynn Vivian Art Gallery" }, { "answer": "Swansea", "passage": "The gallery redevelopment brings tangible benefits to our local economy, the gallery will be a cultural hub for the city's regeneration. In acquiring grants for the project, we have already created a large number of jobs within the city's construction industry. In our future work, we will continue to support artists and businesses in the city, while contributing to tourism as a flagship gallery for the city at home and abroad. At the same time, we will also be working in often unseen ways, to combat poverty, unemployment and social exclusion faced by so many people, especially young people, living in Swansea.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.778158187866211, "source": "search", "title": "Swansea - About Glynn Vivian Art Gallery" }, { "answer": "Swansea", "passage": "As part of the City and County of Swansea, our partners and funders are vital for the future success of the gallery, and we are grateful for the generous support of the Arts Council of Wales, the Welsh Government, CyMAL and the Heritage Lottery Fund, and also the Friends of the Glynn Vivian Art Gallery, who help our work in so many different ways. We work in collaboration with many galleries in Wales and the UK, including Amgueddfa Cymru-National Museum Wales amongst others, and, of course, Plus Tate which brings such strong advocacy for our work in the visual arts in Wales and throughout the world; and above all, we are committed to the many local artists, colleagues, galleries and organisations who have offered their support during our long journey towards providing a redeveloped gallery for the city.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 7.013085842132568, "source": "search", "title": "Swansea - About Glynn Vivian Art Gallery" }, { "answer": "Swansea", "passage": "If you would like to get in touch, contact a member of our Gallery team on 01792 516900 or email [email protected]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.9794158935546875, "source": "search", "title": "Swansea - About Glynn Vivian Art Gallery" } ]

[ { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "From 1204, the Republic of Venice controlled Corfu and slowly all the Ionian islands fell under Venetian rule. In the 15th century, the Ottomans conquered most of Greece, but their attempts to conquer the islands were largely unsuccessful. Zakynthos passed permanently to Venice in 1482, Kefallonia and Ithaki in 1483, Lefkada in 1502. Kythera had been in Venetian hands since 1238.", "precise_score": -4.272319316864014, "rough_score": -8.070849418640137, "source": "wiki", "title": "Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "In 1809, the British defeated the French fleet in Zakynthos (October 2, 1809) captured Kefallonia, Kythera and Zakynthos, and took Lefkada in 1810. The French held out in Corfu until 1814. The Treaty of Paris in 1815 turned the islands into the \"United States of the Ionian Islands\" under British protection (November 5, 1815). In January 1817, the British granted the islands a new constitution. The islanders elected an Assembly of 40 members, who advised the British High Commissioner. The British greatly improved the islands' communications, and introduced modern education and justice systems. The islanders welcomed most of these reforms, and took up afternoon tea, cricket and other English pastimes.", "precise_score": -2.986412763595581, "rough_score": -7.8386077880859375, "source": "wiki", "title": "Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "In 1862, Britain decided to transfer the islands to Greece, as a gesture of support intended to bolster the new king's popularity. On May 2, 1864, the British departed and the islands became three provinces of the Kingdom of Greece though Britain retained the use of the port of Corfu. On 21 May 1864 the Ionian Islands officially reunited with Greece. Prince Philippos of Greece and Denmark was born in Corfu in 1921 and grew up to become Britain's Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.", "precise_score": -4.1130571365356445, "rough_score": -8.493828773498535, "source": "wiki", "title": "Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "In 1941, when Axis forces occupied Greece, the Ionian Islands (except Kythera) were handed over to the Italians, who in their three years of rule attempted to Italianize the population of Corfu (as has happened with the Corfiot Italians). In 1943, the Germans replaced the Italians, and deported the centuries-old Jewish community of Corfu to their deaths. By 1944, most of the islands were under the control of the EAM/ELAS resistance movement, and they have remained a stronghold of left-wing sentiment ever since.", "precise_score": -2.8767151832580566, "rough_score": -9.088194847106934, "source": "wiki", "title": "Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Kerkyra", "passage": "Today, all the islands are part of the Greek region of the Ionian Islands (Ionioi Nisoi), except Kythera, which is part of the region of Attica. Kerkyra has a population of 103,300 (including Paxoi), Zakynthos 40,650, Kefallonia 39,579 (including Ithaca), Lefkada 22,536, Ithaki 3,052, Kythera 3,000 and Paxi 2,438.", "precise_score": -0.5161702632904053, "rough_score": -3.6233043670654297, "source": "wiki", "title": "Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "The Ionian Islands' official population, excluding Cythera, in 2011 was 207,855, decreased by 1,50% compared to the population in 2001. Nevertheless, the region remains the third by population density with 90.1/km² nationwide, well above the national of 81.96/km². The most populous of the major islands is Corfu with a population of 104,371, followed by Zante (40,759), Cephalonia (35,801), Leucas (23.693) and Ithaca (3.231). The foreign-born population was in 2001 19,360 or 9.3%, the majority of which was concentrated in Corfu and Zante. Most of them originate from Albania (13,536). The fertility rate for 2011 according to Eurostat was 1.35 live births per woman during her lifetime. ", "precise_score": 2.012537956237793, "rough_score": -1.811957836151123, "source": "wiki", "title": "Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu is the second largest of the Ionian islands behind Kefalonia It is often known as Kérkyra in Greek and that is also the name of the main town.", "precise_score": 8.884781837463379, "rough_score": 9.057690620422363, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu or Kerkyra is the northernmost of the Ionian islands, at the entrance of the Adriatic, towards Albania. It is the second largest island of the group, after Kefalonia . It has a surface area of about 641km² and is inhabited by approximately 114,000 people.", "precise_score": 7.980300426483154, "rough_score": 9.013996124267578, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Starting in 300 B.C., the island was successively attacked and conquered by Spartans, Illyrians and Romans who stayed in Corfu until 337 A.D. After the fall of the Roman Empire, the island became part of the Byzantine Empire and later came under Norman rule, followed by the Venetians . At that point, the island gained a feudal hierarchy, and the population was categorised in three classes: nobles, the bourgeoisie and the commoners. When Napoleon Bonaparte conquered Venice in 1797, Corfu became part of the French State and Napoleon publicly burnt the “Libro d’ Oro” (Golden Book), which was the book enumerating the privileges of the nobles. While Corfu remained under French domination, the English began to occupy the Ionian islands and reached the island in 1815. While Corfu was under the prospering rule of the English, the rest of Greece was still under the Ottoman rule. The island offered financial help to the rest of Greece in the preparations of the Revolution of 1821. In 21 May 1864, the Ionian islands became part of the new Greek state. During the 20th century, Corfu suffered a lot. Both World Wars had serious consequences on the island. Whole blocks of historical and architectural monuments were reduced to piles of ruins including about twenty eight percent of the historical and beautiful old town.", "precise_score": -7.177078723907471, "rough_score": -8.782327651977539, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu Town: it is the capital and the main port of the island and one of the most beautiful and elegant towns in Greece. It is also the largest town of the Ionian islands with 40,000 inhabitants, a number that doubles in summer. The architecture is a mix of different styles as it was influenced by the many conquerors. Sicilians, Venetians, French and English have left their marks on Corfu Town. Expanding throughout the years, the town is separated into a northern and a southern section between the Esplanade Square (also called Esplanade) and the new fortress. This is the central square of the capital and also one of the biggest in Europe. It was designed based on French garden architecture and, every summer, it welcomes the sole cricket competition of Greece. At the western side of Esplanade Square stands one of the most beautiful buildings of Corfu, the Liston building, which houses elegant, luxurious and, of course, expensive cafes and restaurants. The town is dominated by two fortresses: the 13th century Neo Frourio (New Fortress) with dungeons, cellars and impressive turret battlements, and the 6th century Paleo Frourio (Old Fortress).", "precise_score": -0.22510147094726562, "rough_score": -3.4905171394348145, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Lefkimi : The village Lefkimi is situated 40km south of Corfu Town and it is the second largest settlement of the island. Lefkimi is a lovely village well off the beaten track and a step back in time. The settlement has two impressive churches, Agios Theodoros, located at the main square, and Agios Arsenios with a distinctive orange dome.", "precise_score": -1.7594561576843262, "rough_score": -6.547271251678467, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "The island of Corfu has some of the most beautiful beaches of Ionio. There is a great variety of beaches all around the island. Most of them have been turned into resorts, while others remain untouched and remote.", "precise_score": -5.313803195953369, "rough_score": -8.445977210998535, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "1. Museums: Corfu is noted for its peculiar collections and interesting museums. In Corfu Town, there are many museums, such as the Serbian War Museum with items and papers regarding the Balkan Wars of 1915-1917. Also in the capital, the Ionian Bank houses a Museum of Banknotes. One of the most interesting museums of Corfu is the Museum of Asian Art; it is the only Asian museum in Greece and was founded in 1927 by Gregory Manos, an ambassador, who donated his private collection of 10,500 objects of Sino-Japanese origin. Nowadays, the museum houses more collections with Asian items. The Archaeological Museum of Corfu was built between 1962 and 1965 to house the Gorgon pediment from the temple of Artemis, which was found in the area of Paleopolis. Today, the collections of the museum include excavation finds from the ancient city of Corfu, the Kerkyrean Cassiope, and many more. Another very interesting museum is the Museum of Sea, located in Benitses village. It was founded in 1989 by diver and collector Napoleon Sagja, and contains one of the largest collections of shells, corals, sponges, fossils and shark teeth.", "precise_score": -8.628236770629883, "rough_score": -9.184131622314453, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea. It is the second largest of the Ionian Islands, and, including its small satellite islands, forms the edge of the northwestern frontier of Greece.The island is part of the Corfu regional unit, and is administered as a single municipality. The municipality includes the island Corfu and the smaller islands Ereikoussa, Mathraki and Othonoi. The principal city of the island and seat of the municipality (pop. 32,095) is also named Corfu. Corfu is home to the Ionian University.", "precise_score": 7.209705352783203, "rough_score": 7.065167427062988, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu - Greece - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu (Korfu), boasts an unrivalled mix of spectacular beaches and archaeological treasures. The island is the second largest of the Ionian Islands, and is a cosmopolitan tourist centre, so can provide all the facilities, bars, restaurants and sports required by an international tourist. However, it does this with a back drop of beautiful scenery and top-class beaches. There is a wealth of sites to enjoy, from the serene resorts of the north to the 18-30 party town of Kavos.", "precise_score": 7.607369899749756, "rough_score": 6.860846519470215, "source": "search", "title": "Ionian Islands Holiday Villas & Apartments | HomeAway" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Flights to the Ionian Islands typically take around 3 hours from the UK. There are airports on Corfu (CFU), Kefalonia (EFL) and Zante (ZTH), and regular flights to each go from 14 UK airports from a number of providers.", "precise_score": -4.837430953979492, "rough_score": -8.605080604553223, "source": "search", "title": "Ionian Islands Holiday Villas & Apartments | HomeAway" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu is the second largest island in the group of Ionian Islands, after Kefalonia and was the first to open itself up to tourism with plenty to offer its visitors. It attracts visitor from all over the world and is one of those rare destinations that caters for all ages and tastes.", "precise_score": 8.343300819396973, "rough_score": 8.511419296264648, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Travel Guide, Corfu Greece - Kerkyra - Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Kérkira", "passage": "(īō`nēən), chain of islands (1991 pop. 193,734), c.890 sq mi (2,310 sq km), W Greece, in the Ionian Sea, along the coasts of Epirus and the Peloponnesus. The group is made up of Kérkira Kérkira", "precise_score": -0.05635489895939827, "rough_score": -5.836439609527588, "source": "search", "title": "Ionian Islands | Article about Ionian Islands by The Free ..." }, { "answer": "Corcyra", "passage": ", Lat. Corcyra, island (1991 pop. 104,781), 229 sq mi (593 sq km), NW Greece, in the Ionian Sea, the second largest of the Ionian Islands, separated by a narrow channel from the Albanian and Greek coasts.", "precise_score": 8.140847206115723, "rough_score": 9.048568725585938, "source": "search", "title": "Ionian Islands | Article about Ionian Islands by The Free ..." }, { "answer": "Kérkira", "passage": "..... Click the link for more information. , and numerous islets. Largely mountainous, the islands reach their highest point at Mt. Ainos (c.5,340 ft/1,630 m) on Kefallinía. Fruits, grains, timber, olives, wine, and cotton are produced, and sheep, goats, and hogs are raised. Industries include fishing, shipping, and tourism. The islands had no unified history until the 10th cent. A.D., when they were made a province of the Byzantine Empire. Venice took the islands in the 14th and 15th cent. and held them until 1797, when the Treaty of Campo Formio, which ended the Venetian republic, gave the islands to France. In 1799 they were seized by a Russo-Turkish fleet and were constituted a republic under Russian protection. In 1807, by the Treaty of Tilsit, Russia returned the islands to France. From 1809 to 1814 the British navy occupied all the islands except Kérkira. In 1815 the Ionian Islands, known as the \"United States of the Ionian Islands,\" were placed under British protection. The British ceded the islands to Greece in 1864 after considerable popular agitation on the islands. A series of earthquakes in 1953 caused extensive damage.", "precise_score": -6.538915157318115, "rough_score": -7.633937835693359, "source": "search", "title": "Ionian Islands | Article about Ionian Islands by The Free ..." }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "a group of islands belonging to Greece in the Ionian Sea off the western shore of the Balkan Peninsula. Area, more than 2,200 sq km. There are five large islands— Ithaki (Ithaca), Levkas (Leucas), Kefallinia (Cephalonia), Zakinthos (Zante), and Kerkira (Corfu)—and many islets, separated from the mainland by a shallow sea and continuing the mountain chains of Greece, broken up by faults. The islands have frequent earthquakes. The sharply defined and precipitous shores create many excellent harbors. The islands are mountainous (maximum altitude, 1,628 m) and composed primarily of limestone and shale; there are foothills along the shores in places and fertile lowlands with olive groves, vineyards, and citrus orchards. Maquis predominates on the slopes; there are also oak forests. The primary industries are sheepherding and fishing. The cities of Kerkira, Argostolion, and Zakinthos are located in the Ionian Islands.", "precise_score": 0.16111353039741516, "rough_score": -3.479815721511841, "source": "search", "title": "Ionian Islands | Article about Ionian Islands by The Free ..." }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Scattered along the western coastline of Central Greece, the Ionian Islands as they are known, are an island cluster comprising twelve small and large islands whose total surface area comes to 2,200 square kilometers. Zakynthos , Ithaca , Corfu (Kerkyra), Kefalonia , Lefkada , and Paxi  are the six, large Ionian Islands.  Antipaxi, Erikousa, Mathraki, Othoni, Meganisi and the deserted islets of Strofades south of Zakynthos are the smaller Ionian Islands.", "precise_score": 4.203376293182373, "rough_score": -1.0484484434127808, "source": "search", "title": "Visit Greece | Ionian islands" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "*Kerkyra (Κέρκυρα) usually known as Corfu in English and Corfù in Italian", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.491828918457031, "source": "wiki", "title": "Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Kerkyra", "passage": "The islands themselves are known by a rather confusing variety of names. During the centuries of rule by Venice, they acquired Venetian names, by which some of them are still known in English (and in Italian). Kerkyra was known as Corfù, Ithaki as Val di Compare, Kythera as Cerigo, Lefkada as Santa Maura and Zakynthos as Zante.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.252586364746094, "source": "wiki", "title": "Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Corcyra", "passage": "A variety of spellings are used for the Greek names of the islands, particularly in historical writing. Kefallonia is often spelled as Cephallenia or Cephalonia, Ithaki as Ithaca, Kerkyra as Corcyra, Kythera as Cythera, Lefkada as Leucas or Leucada and Zakynthos as Zacynthus or Zante. Older or variant Greek forms are sometimes also used: Kefallinia for Kefallonia and Paxos or Paxoi for Paxi.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.351102828979492, "source": "wiki", "title": "Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Kerkyra", "passage": "The islands were settled by Greeks at an early date, possibly as early as 1200 BC, and certainly by the 9th century BC. The early Eretrian settlement at Kerkyra was displaced by colonists from Corinth in 734 BC. The islands were mostly a backwater during Ancient Greek times and played little part in Greek politics. The one exception was the conflict between Kerkyra and its mother-City Corinth in 434 BC, which brought intervention from Athens and triggered the Peloponnesian War.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.878660202026367, "source": "wiki", "title": "Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "By the 4th century BC, most of the islands, were absorbed into the empire of Macedon. Some remained under the control of the Macedonian Kingdom until 146 BC, when the Greek peninsula was gradually annexed by Rome. After 400 years of peaceful Roman rule, the islands passed to the Eastern Roman or Byzantine Empire. Under Byzantine rule, from the mid-8th century, they formed the theme of Cephallenia. The islands were a frequent target of Saracen raids and from the late 11th century, saw a number of Norman and Italian attacks. Most of the islands fell to William II of Sicily in 1185. Although Corfu and Lefkas remained under Byzantine control, Kefallonia and Zakynthos became the County palatine of Cephalonia and Zakynthos until 1357, when this entity was merged with Lefkada and Ithaki to become the Duchy of Leucadia under French and Italian dukes. Corfu, Paxi and Kythera were taken by the Venetians in 1204, after the dissolution of the Byzantine Empire by the Fourth Crusade. These became important overseas colonies of the Republic and were used as way-stations for their maritime trade with the Levant.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.529003143310547, "source": "wiki", "title": "Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "The islands thus became the only part of the Greek-speaking world to escape Ottoman rule, which gave them both a unity and an importance in Greek history they would otherwise not have had. Corfu was the only Greek island never conquered by the Turks.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.213495254516602, "source": "wiki", "title": "Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Kerkyra", "passage": "In recent decades, the islands have lost much of their population through emigration and the decline of their traditional industries, fishing and marginal agriculture. Today, their major industry is tourism. Specifically Kerkyra, with its harbour, scenery and wealth of ruins and castles, is a favourite stopping place for cruise liners. British tourists in particular are attracted through having read Gerald Durrell's evocative book My Family and Other Animals (1956), which describes his childhood on Kerkyra in the 1930s. The novel and movie Captain Corelli's Mandolin are set in Kefallonia, in which Captain Corelli is part of the Italian occupation force during the Second World War.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.317428588867188, "source": "wiki", "title": "Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "The region is a popular tourist destination. The airports of Corfu, Zante and Cephalonia were in the top ten in Greece by number of international arrivals, with 1,386,289 international arrivals for 2012, with Corfu being the sixth airport by number of arrivals nationwide, with Zante and Cephalonia also being in the top ten. While Cephalonia Airport had the biggest increase nationwide by 13.11% compared to 2011, while Corfu had an increase of 6.31%. ' ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.376251220703125, "source": "wiki", "title": "Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "*Kérkyra (Κέρκυρα), in Corfu", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.455434799194336, "source": "wiki", "title": "Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.473992347717285, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "A little bit about Corfu", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.538509368896484, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu was a strategic position in Europe for many years and was heavily fortified, that’s why there are many castles on the island. It was ruled by the Venetian republic for 5 centuries up until 1797 so many of the islands buildings have a Venetian feel to them, particularly the main town of Kerkyra.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.293368339538574, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu has something for everyone, from nature reserves to all night parties, beautiful beaches and historical sites are also in abundance here.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.540258407592773, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Getting to Corfu", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.539896965026855, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "As Corfu is the closest island to the UK it’s also a very popular one so expect to find an abundance of flights from your nearest international airport, we found 16 airports in the UK flying direct to Corfu so you should find it easy to get a flight to suit you. Flight time is around 3 hours so by the time you’ve taken off, had an overpriced drink, played a couple of games on your phone and queued for the toilet it’ll probably be time to land again.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.515401840209961, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Current Weather in Corfu", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.606524467468262, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Take a look at the current Corfu weather above or the climate info below showing average high, low and sea temperatures as well as average rainfall per month and hours of sunshine per day.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.606440544128418, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "When to go to Corfu", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.557302474975586, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "The best time to visit Corfu is from late April to early September, it rains more in Corfu as it’s more northern than the other Greek islands that are hotter and dryer.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.435848236083984, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "June to August offers the highest temperatures and minimal rain so if you like it hot that’s the time for you. Just remember that these months are also the busiest and most expensive times to go to Corfu.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.561301231384277, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Top 3 resorts in Corfu", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.452596664428711, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Below are the 3 resorts in Corfu that cover a large portion of the people travelling to the island. If you’re wanting to party then you head for Kavos, if you want nightlife but not too crazy then go for Sidari, if you want a little more culture then Kerkyra is the place for you. Click on each of the headings to go to that page and find out more about that particular resort.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.449200630187988, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Kerkyra", "passage": "Kerkyra", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.525986671447754, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Kerkyra or Corfu town is roughly in the centre of the east coast and just a couple of kilometers from the airport, it's the...", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.512450218200684, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Full Corfu resort guide", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.590397834777832, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "From the low key villages of Gouvia or Agios Stephanos to the more lively Sidari, Kerkyra or the booze fueled intensity of Kavos there’s something for everyone in Corfu.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.54433536529541, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Click the button below to be taken to a filterable list of all the resorts in Corfu where you can figure out the best place to base your holiday.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.61583137512207, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu Resort Guide", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.581000328063965, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu has over 200km of coast line so if you can’t find a bit of beach to enjoy relaxing on whilst on the island then you’re probably not looking hard enough. It doesn’t matter if your based in the north, south, east or west of the island there’s always a near by beach to suit your needs.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.483964920043945, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Top 3 beaches in Corfu", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.510968208312988, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "The three beaches that we recommend you try to take in whilst in Corfu are the always popular Agios Gordios, the picturesque bay of Paleokastritsa and the lively Glyfada. There are other great beaches of course but if you visit any of these you wont be disappointed. That is unless you prefer quieter more secluded beaches, if that’s the case then take a look at the full guide below where you can find some more remote beaches.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.532867431640625, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "All Corfu Beaches", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.566923141479492, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Click on the button below to go to our Corfu beach guide to get the full low down on all the beaches.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.611512184143066, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu offers activities for all the family, from water parks with slides and swimming pools to castles and monastery’s. Most of the sites are concentrated in and around Kerkyra and up in the north of the island.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.477020263671875, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Top 3 Corfu attractions", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.52061653137207, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Kerkyra", "passage": "If you’re in Kerkyra then you should definitely take a stroll over to the old fort and have a look around, it’s a large fort that offers a window into the history of the island as well as some great views over the island. The second place we recommend is for the families, Hydropolis water park has slides and pools for all ages and should keep your little ones entertained so you can relax. The last place we recommend is Mouse Island, there isn’t a great deal to do but it’s a lovely place, again offering great views and definitely worth the short boat ride.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.54727554321289, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "The Old Fortress Corfu photo by Alan About the Old Fortress Corfu The Old Fortress, otherwise known as Paleo Frourio is a Venetian fort in the...", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.548516273498535, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "All Corfu attractions", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.574751853942871, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "If you want to know more about the attractions on the island then use the full Corfu sight seeing guide below which gives you in depth info on all the best places to visit whilst on the island.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.538799285888672, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Click the blue button below to go to our full Corfu sight seeing guide.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.62572956085205, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu Sight Seeing Guide", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.59718132019043, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "What’s the nightlife in Corfu like?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.558904647827148, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "The nightlife in Corfu can be very different depending on where you stay. Kavos is the loud, 18-30, party capital with large amounts of cheap drink and general excess. Sidari has a good mix of bars to dance in, entertainment like karaoke or live music and quiet tavernas as well but may still be a bit too much for some people.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.547784805297852, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Most people will find something to entertain them in the evenings in Corfu town, there’s the always lively Liston, a few clubs out west past the new port and quieter more relaxing bars in the center of town.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.584015846252441, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu guide | In depth info about the Greek island of Corfu" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.566841125488281, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "General Information on Corfu", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.54664421081543, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu was one of the first Greek islands that opened its doors to tourists, and since then, has evolved into an international tourist centre, attracting visitors from all over the world, and offering well-equipped and modern tourist facilities. Despite the fact that the tourism rate here is among the highest in Greece, Corfu has managed to keep its authenticity. Almost all villages and especially the capital Corfu Town seem untouched, retaining their local colours. Due to the size of the island, visitors can find peace and quiet, wild nightlife and amazing crowded and deserted beaches, all in one.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.978551864624023, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "History of Corfu", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.557565689086914, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu or Kerkyra owes its name to the nymph Korkira, the daughter of the river god Aesopos. According to mythology, Poseidon, god of sea, fell in love with Korkira, kidnapped her and brought her to the island. It was also the island of Phaeacians, referred in the Odyssey. As Homer said, hospitable Phaeacians helped Odysseus return to Ithaca . Corfu is also considered the island where the Argonauts found refuge from the avenging Colchic fleet, after having stolen the Golden Fleece.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.27493953704834, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Archaeological excavations have proven that the island has been inhabited since the Paleolithic Era (7th–4th centuries B.C.), during which it was a very important commercial centre. Later on, the island became a Corinthian colony and further evolved. The efforts of its inhabitants to gain their independence from Corinthos led to many conflicts. Corfu asked for help from Athenians, who supported the island, and that was one of the many reasons that led to the Peloponnesian War. In 338 B.C., Macedonians, under the rule of Philippos II, won an important battle and conquered Corfu.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.058560371398926, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Towns & Villages in Corfu", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.565994262695312, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Benitses : it is a fishing village situated 13.5km south of Corfu Town. In recent years, the village has become an important tourist resort with all kinds of facilities. Many hotels, restaurants and bars can be found here, contributing to the intense nightlife Benitses is known for. Despite the touristic development, the old village has kept its authentic colors and atmosphere. The beaches in the surrounding area are good with pebbles, clear waters and sport facilities.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.522505760192871, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Paleokastritsa : it is the most famous village of the island of Corfu, located 26km northwest of Corfu Town. The village itself is not something special but the surroundings are amazing. The area consists of six small coves with incredibly clear waters, nestled in a coastline of hills and promontories full of olive, cypress and lemon trees.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.272476196289062, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Pelekas : The lovely village of Pelekas is situated 13km of Corfu Town and stands on a 270-meter hill. The village has an authentic Greek character and offers amazing vistas, especially during sunsets. Pelekas is a busy village due to its position and it is used as an access point for some of the great beaches nearby.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.45680046081543, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Beaches in Corfu", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.550155639648438, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Agios Georgios (SW): the beach is situated at the northwestern part of the island. Many regard this long and sandy beach as the best in Corfu . It is a popular destination for families. It’s 5km long with quite deep waters, and is also one of the few remote beaches.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.219372749328613, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Glyfada : it is located 16km west of Corfu Town and is one of the most popular beaches of the island. The large surface of fine golden sand is surrounded by cliffs covered in trees. The beach is popular among families and it is fully organized.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.15395736694336, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Ermones : the beach is very nice, small and quiet. It is located in the west coast of Corfu. The bay is tiny with pebbles and sand and it is surrounded by very steep hills. The beach is organized with many hotels, and water sports facilities, like diving and sailing.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.413536071777344, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Sidari : It is the most famous tourist resort of north Corfu and well worth visiting. It is 32km away from the capital. The place is famous for the “Canal d’ Amour”, an underground path between two rocks that the visitors can easily walk to, due to the shallow waters. The beach at Sidari , which has been awarded the Blue Flag, is beautiful and very crowded. The carved, white rocks that look like natural sculptures and light blue waters create an exotic scenery.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.4730863571167, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Agios Georgios (NW): Agios Georgios Pagon (=ice) is one of the most beautiful beaches of northwestern Corfu. It is situated 30km away from the capital. It has golden sand, clear waters and some tourist facilities.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.423274993896484, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Top Things to Do in Corfu", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.540776252746582, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "2. Achillion Palace: The Palace, located in the village of Gastairi, was built in 1891 for Elizabeth (Sissy), the Empress of Austria, in honour of the hero Achilles, whom the Empress admired. Later, Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany bought it. The Palace is a beautiful building with picturesque gardens overlooking the sea and Corfu Town. Achillion is famous among British visitors as it is the birthplace of Prince Phillip.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.495816230773926, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "3. Bosceto Garden: Bosceto Garden is situated in the historical city of Corfu, opposite the famous Esplanade Square. The Garden is known for its many types of flowers, its beautiful architecture and decoration of its parterres and for the many scattered statues.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.549997329711914, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "4. New Fortress: The New Fortress was built between 1572 and 1645 by the Venetians, to protect the west side of Corfu Town. The fortification works were completed by both the French and the British. The Fortress consists of two twin bastions, and the most impressive architectural characteristics are the two gates bearing the emblem of Galinotatis, the winged lion of Saint Mark.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.532626152038574, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "5. Pondikonisi : Pondikonisi is a trademark of Corfu. The island owes its name (“Mouse Island”) to its size. The main characteristic of Pondikonisi is the dense vegetation. According to mythology, this tiny island is the rock where the ship of Odysseus crashed. The ship was destroyed and Odysseus ended up as a castaway to the island of Pheakes.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.237537384033203, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "How to Reach Corfu", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.59185791015625, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Air: Corfu has several flights weekly to/from Athens and Thessaloniki . Charter flights also land here from various European countries.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.59770393371582, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Coach: KTEL coaches run two or three times daily between Corfu Town and Athens (11 hours including the time with the ferry between Corfu and the mainland). Some services go via Lefkimmi to the south. There is also a service once or twice daily to/from Thessaloniki .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.594830513000488, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Ferry – Domestic: Hourly ferries run between Corfu and Igoumenitsa (1 ¾ hours). You can also travel to Patra on one of the frequent international ferries that call in Corfu in summer. There are also a few daily ferries between Lefkimmi and Igoumenitsa (1 hour).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.60157585144043, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Ferry – International: Corfu is on the Patras-Igoumenitsa ferry route to Italy (Brindisi, Bari, Ancona, Trieste, and Venice). Ferries go a few times daily to Brindisi (7 hours) and in summer usually once daily to Bari (10 hours), Ancona (14 hours), Triesta (21 hours) and Venice (30 hours).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.563397407531738, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Hydrofoil: from May to September, there are at least two hydrofoils daily between Corfu and Paxi via Igoumenitsa and one hydrofoil daily from Corfu to Igoumenitsa.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.573806762695312, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Getting Around in Corfu", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.536273956298828, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "To/from the Airport: there is no bus service between Corfu Town and the airport. Nos 6 and 10 from Plateia San Rocco in Corfu Town stop on the main road 500m from the airport.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.602653503417969, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Greece | Greece.com" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu - Greece - YouTube", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.575909614562988, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu - Greece - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu - Greece", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.536240577697754, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu - Greece - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "The island is bound with the history of Greece from the beginning of Greek mythology. Its Greek name, Kerkyra or Korkyra, is related to two powerful water symbols: Poseidon, god of the sea, and Asopos, an important Greek mainland river. According to myth, Poseidon fell in love with the beautiful nymph Korkyra, daughter of Asopus and river nymph Metope, and abducted her. Poseidon brought Korkyra to the hitherto unnamed island and, in marital bliss, offered her name to the place: Korkyra, which gradually evolved to Kerkyra (Doric).Together, they had a child they called Phaiax, after whom the inhabitants of the island were named: Phaiakes. This term was transliterated via Latin to Phaeacians. Corfu's nickname is The island of the Phaeacians.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.774170875549316, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu - Greece - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "The island's history is laden with battles and conquests. The legacy of these struggles is visible in the form of castles punctuating strategic locations across the island. Two of these castles enclose its capital, which is the only city in Greece to be surrounded in such a way. As a result, Corfu's capital has been officially declared a Kastropolis (\"castle city\") by the Greek government. From medieval times and into the 17th century, the island was recognised as a bulwark of the European States against the Ottoman Empire and became one of the most fortified places in Europe. The fortifications of the island were used by the Venetians to defend against Ottoman intrusion into the Adriatic. Corfu repulsed several Turkish sieges, before falling under British rule following the Napoleonic Wars. Corfu was eventually ceded by the British Empire along with the remaining islands of the United States of the Ionian Islands, and unification with modern Greece was concluded in 1864 under the Treaty of London.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.639008522033691, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu - Greece - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu is a very popular tourist destination. The island was the location of the 1994 European Union summit. ( source: Wikipedia )", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.310155868530273, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu - Greece - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Paxi (Paxos) is a tiny island, perfect for a relaxing, quiet holiday. The snorkelling is spectacular, and there are day trips to other islands, especially Corfu, but a holiday rental here means you can return to the peace of Paxi each day.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.366536140441895, "source": "search", "title": "Ionian Islands Holiday Villas & Apartments | HomeAway" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu Travel Guide, Corfu Greece - Kerkyra", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.575165748596191, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Travel Guide, Corfu Greece - Kerkyra - Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "CORFU ISLAND", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.053296089172363, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Travel Guide, Corfu Greece - Kerkyra - Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu is known as Kerkyra in Greek and takes its name from a variation of the Nymph Korkira, daughter of the Greek river god Aesopos in mythology. Legend says that the god of sea, Poseidon fell in love with the Nymph Korkira, kidnapped her and then brought her to the Island, hence the name Kerkyra.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.421171188354492, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Travel Guide, Corfu Greece - Kerkyra - Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "The island of Corfu has been described as the Emerald Isle, the Garden of Eden and by Homer himself, a beautiful and rich land all this is due to the lush green hills, towering mountains, clear blue seas, pure white sands, endless olive groves and colourful wild flowers.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.122875213623047, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Travel Guide, Corfu Greece - Kerkyra - Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "Corfu is full of variety from its traditional fishing villages to its large modern resorts, coupled with its amazing wildlife, over six hundred types of wild flowers and numerous exotic birds including pelicans, bee eaters, hoopoes and golden orioles; this island has something for everyone!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355691909790039, "source": "search", "title": "Corfu Travel Guide, Corfu Greece - Kerkyra - Ionian Islands" }, { "answer": "Corfu", "passage": "or Corfu", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.448078155517578, "source": "search", "title": "Ionian Islands | Article about Ionian Islands by The Free ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "Air France's present livery is a \"Eurowhite\" scheme, comprising a white fuselage with the blue Air France title and design. The tail is white with a series of parallel red and blue lines across the it at an angle, and a small European flag at the top. This livery has been in use since the late 1970s. Prior to the \"Eurowhite\" livery, Air France aircraft had a bare-metal underside, extending up to a blue cheat-line that ran across the cabin windows. Above the cheat-line the fuselage was again white, with Air France titles and a French flag. The tail was white with two thick blue lines, which tapered from the rear of the tail and met at point towards the front bottom. This basic livery, with minor variations, would appear on all post-war Air France aircraft until the late 1970s.", "precise_score": -0.6907910704612732, "rough_score": 1.0303380489349365, "source": "wiki", "title": "Air France" }, { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "Concorde had livery restrictions; the majority of the surface had to be covered with a highly reflective white paint to avoid overheating the aluminium structure due to heating effects from supersonic flight at Mach 2. The white finish reduced the skin temperature by 6 to 11 degrees Celsius. In 1996, Air France briefly painted F-BTSD in a predominantly blue livery, with the exception of the wings, in a promotional deal with Pepsi. In this paint scheme, Air France were advised to remain at Mach 2 for no more than 20 minutes at a time, but there was no restriction at speeds under Mach 1.7. F-BTSD was used because it was not scheduled for any long flights that required extended Mach 2 operations. ", "precise_score": 5.107110023498535, "rough_score": 0.7401068806648254, "source": "wiki", "title": "Concorde" }, { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "The only supersonic airliner in direct competition with Concorde was the Soviet Tupolev Tu-144, nicknamed \"Concordski\" by Western European journalists for its outward similarity to Concorde. It had been alleged that Soviet espionage efforts had resulted in the theft of Concorde blueprints, ostensibly to assist in the design of the Tu-144. As a result of a rushed development programme, the first Tu-144 prototype was substantially different from the preproduction machines, but both were cruder than Concorde. The Tu-144S had a significantly shorter range than Concorde, due to its low-bypass turbofan engines. The aircraft had poor control at low speeds because of a simpler supersonic wing design; in addition the Tu-144 required braking parachutes to land while Concorde used anti-lock brakes. The Tu-144 had two crashes, one at the 1973 Paris Air Show, and another during a pre-delivery test flight in May 1978. ", "precise_score": -5.270566463470459, "rough_score": -2.215048313140869, "source": "wiki", "title": "Concorde" }, { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "Because the new identity of Pepsi was based on the color blue, the aircraft would have to be painted alike. Therefore the Air France maintenance staff had to call Aerospatiale (successor of Sud Aviation) as the airplane, for which temperature is so important, was only certified with a white color scheme. They received approval to paint the fuselage in blue, but were advised to keep the wings in white (because of the fuel temperature).", "precise_score": 5.438071250915527, "rough_score": -0.29194557666778564, "source": "search", "title": "Concorde - Pepsi Cola Model Private & Civilian $184.5 ..." }, { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "The whole operation was to be undertaken secretly, as Pepsi wanted to keep all the surprise for the moment when it would unveil its new identity. �Sierra Delta� was thus covered by brown wrapping paper after it was painted, so that as few people as possible would be aware of the event. It eventually left the hanger on March 31st at night, and was quickly rolled to the runway where it took off for London - Gatwick (LGW), where Pepsi had planned to receive its guests. The aircraft was immediately towed to the hanger after its arrival, and made ready for the show. And yet, a few days before the new brand was unveiled, Richard Branson had apparently heard about the advertisement operation, as proved ads for the Virgin Cola soft drink in the British press. A few articles about an Air France Concorde being repainted with a blue color scheme were issued in the newspapers.", "precise_score": 6.255368709564209, "rough_score": -2.7292861938476562, "source": "search", "title": "Concorde - Pepsi Cola Model Private & Civilian $184.5 ..." }, { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "* BlueLink", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.760956764221191, "source": "wiki", "title": "Air France" }, { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "The livery of Air France Asie differed from that of Air France by having a design in blue and white on tailfin, rather than one in blue, white and red, representing the French Tricolour. Air France Asie used two Airbus A340-200 aircraft, F-GLZD and F-GLZE, and two Boeing 747-428Ms, F-GISA et F-GISC. Similarly, Air France Cargo Asie used a 747-200 Combi (for passengers and freight), F-GCBH) or the all-cargo (F-GCBL, F-GPAN et F-GBOX). Air France Asie ceased operations in 2004 while Air France Cargo Asie ceased operations in 2007.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.186605453491211, "source": "wiki", "title": "Air France" }, { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "On January 2009, to coincide with Air France's new logo, a new livery was unveiled. Air France rolled out their new livery on 11 February 2009. The 2009 livery saw the tail slightly changed; there are now 3 blue bars running down instead of 4 previously. The bars also now curve at the bottom, reflecting the design of the logo.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.584053039550781, "source": "wiki", "title": "Air France" }, { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "Air France lounges are known as Le Salon, and are open to La Première, Business, and Premium Economy passengers, as well as Flying Blue Gold, Flying Blue Platinum, SkyTeam Elite and Elite Plus members. The Air France salon offer a buffet and beverages, international newspapers, free WIFI, computers with internet access, restrooms, shower facilities, and a Clarins Spa. There are four salons at Charles De Gaulle Airport, Le Salon La Première and Le Salon in terminals 2C (arrivals), 2E, 2F, and 2G. Worldwide, there are 530 Air France and Skyteam lounges in 300 international airports on every continent except Antarctica. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.855134963989258, "source": "wiki", "title": "Air France" }, { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "Flying Blue", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.97556209564209, "source": "wiki", "title": "Air France" }, { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "Flying Blue, the frequent flyer program of Air France-KLM, awards members points based on miles travelled and class of service. Membership into the program is free. The program is divided into standard (Ivory), Elite (Silver) and Elite Plus (Gold and Platinum) statuses. Ivory is the basic level which is attained upon entry into the program. Elite status is attained by accruing a certain number of miles within one calendar year. Elite Silver, Elite Plus Gold, and Elite Plus Platinum cards have added benefits. An invitation-only card called Club 2000 is attributed to some VIPs, celebrities and politicians. Officially, it provides the same benefits as Platinum status but numerous sources confirm it almost guarantees upgrade to Business or La Première. Flying Blue succeeded Air France's previous frequent flyer program, Fréquence Plus, which operated until the Air France-KLM merger in 2003. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.82045841217041, "source": "wiki", "title": "Air France" }, { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "* High-pressure hydraulic system of 28 MPa (4,000 lbf/in²) for lighter hydraulic components, tripled independent systems (\"Blue\", \"Green\", and \"Yellow\") for redundancy, with an emergency ram air turbine (RAT) stored in the port-inner elevon jack fairing supplying \"Green\" and \"Yellow\" as backup. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.046915054321289, "source": "wiki", "title": "Concorde" }, { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "Apple's commercials used a black silhouette of a person that was the age of Apple's target market. They placed the silhouette in front of a blue screen so that the picture behind the silhouette could be constantly changing. However, the one thing that stays the same in these ads is that there is music in the background and the silhouette is listening to that music on a white iPod through white headphones. Through advertising, the white color on a set of earphones now signifies that the music device is an iPod. The white color signifies almost all of Apple's products. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.780073165893555, "source": "wiki", "title": "Advertising" }, { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "The Buffalo Bisons, an American Hockey League team, were sponsored by Pepsi-Cola in its later years; the team adopted the beverage's red, white and blue color scheme along with a modification of the Pepsi logo (with the word \"Buffalo\" in place of the Pepsi-Cola wordmark). The Bisons ceased operations in 1970 (making way for the Buffalo Sabres).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.06449031829834, "source": "wiki", "title": "Pepsi" }, { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "In October 2008, Pepsi announced that it would be redesigning its logo and re-branding many of its products by early 2009. In 2009, Pepsi, Diet Pepsi and Pepsi Max began using all lower-case fonts for name brands, and Diet Pepsi Max was re-branded as Pepsi Max. The brand's blue and red globe trademark became a series of \"smiles\", with the central white band arcing at different angles depending on the product until 2010. Pepsi released this logo in U.S. in late 2008, and later it was released in 2009 in Canada (the first country outside of the United States for Pepsi's new logo), Brazil, Bolivia, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Colombia, Argentina, Puerto Rico, Costa Rica, Panama, Chile, Dominican Republic, the Philippines and Australia. In the rest of the world, the new logo has been released in 2010. The old logo is still used in several markets internationally, and has been phased out most recently in France and Mexico. The UK started to use the new Pepsi logo on cans in an order different from the US can. Starting in mid-2010, all Pepsi variants, regular, diet, and Pepsi Max, have started using only the medium-sized \"smile\" Pepsi Globe.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.6559157371521, "source": "wiki", "title": "Pepsi" }, { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "* 2015: \"Out of the Blue\" - used exclusively for a music ad campaign encouraging music makers to send submissions in a contest.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.912293434143066, "source": "wiki", "title": "Pepsi" }, { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "The show took place on 02 April 1996, with the presence of Claudia Schiffer, Andre Agassi, Cindy Crawford, and hundreds of journalists invited by Pepsi for the event. People were really astonished to see the Concorde with the blue livery. Flight attendants each had a special pin on their uniform designed for the occasion.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.996843338012695, "source": "search", "title": "Concorde - Pepsi Cola Model Private & Civilian $184.5 ..." }, { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "The Concorde - Pepsi Cola Model model airplane is made of the finest kiln dried renewable mahogany wood (commonly known as Lauan or Meranti) which has undergone many stages of carving and meticulous and careful sanding giving the beautiful finished museum quality masterpiece. Many collectors and model connoisseurs demonstrate their preference for genuine handmade and hand painted mahogany wood models rather than plastic, resin or die cast (diecast) alternatives due to the overall look and totally different feel of the item - we trust you will find the same. Our craftsmen and gifted artisans ensure that our finely handcrafted model airplanes match the precise blueprint details of the original aircraft. The Concorde - Pepsi Cola Model model aircrafts paint scheme, markings and parts are closely matched, reflecting the original Concorde - Pepsi Cola Model . This top-quality Concorde - Pepsi Cola Model replica will surely enthral anyone who receives this stylish desktop display as a gift. This Concorde - Pepsi Cola Model model plane is for sure one of the most appropriate and desirably collectable gifts for every aviation enthusiast and avid aircraft collector whilst also displaying a perfect resemblance to the actual Concorde - Pepsi Cola Model.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.437836647033691, "source": "search", "title": "Concorde - Pepsi Cola Model Private & Civilian $184.5 ..." }, { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "So, which/what airline serve Coke (Classic Coke/Vanilla Coke/Cherry Coke etc) and whose serve Pepsi (Pepsi Cola/Pepsi Blue etc)? Do they (the airline) stick to one particular cola brand?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.504590034484863, "source": "search", "title": "Coke Or Pepsi? Which Airline? — Civil Aviation Forum ..." }, { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "Is AF exclusively serving Pepsi onboard their flight? The AF Pepsi Concorde? I guess KLM prefer Pepsi/Pepsi Blue (as on earlier thread).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.152466773986816, "source": "search", "title": "Coke Or Pepsi? Which Airline? — Civil Aviation Forum ..." }, { "answer": "Blue", "passage": "I agreed that, yeah, this is probably more than likely, that Coke employees do most of their flying on DL ; and in exchange DL offers Coke on its flights. Then he finished by saying that, because of this agreement, DL recently painted the tails of their aircraft with the wavy red and blue logo because it was similar to a Coke can!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.040210723876953, "source": "search", "title": "Coke Or Pepsi? Which Airline? — Civil Aviation Forum ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "London", "passage": "London Times August 26 1998 A NEW species of mosquito is evolving on the London Underground in a development that has astonished scientists. The insects are believed to be the descendants of mosquitoes which colonised the tunnels a hundred years ago when the Tube was being dug. When they went below ground they were bird-biting pests. But over a century, deprived of their normal diet, the mosquitoes have evolved new feeding behaviour, dining on mammals including rats and mice - and human beings. They now plague maintenance workers. Kate Byne and Richard Nichols of Queen Mary and Westfield College in London have carried out tests to see if the Tube's mosquitoes, which have been named molestus, are now different from Culex pipiens, the bird-biting species which entered the Underground last century. To their amazement they found that it was almost impossible to mate those living above ground with those in the subterranean world, indicating that the genetic differences are now so great that the ones underground are well on their way to becoming a separate species. This usually happens only when species are isolated for thousands rather than tens of years. The team, whose findings are reported in BBC Wildlife magazine today, have also found genetic differences between mosquitoes on different Tube lines. They believe this is due to the draughts dispersing the insects along but not between lines. During the Second World War the insects attacked Londoners sheltering from Hitler's bombs. Roz Kidman Cox, the magazine editor, said: \"It's a remarkable story of evolution. The scientists say that the differences between the above and below-ground forms are as great as if the species had been separated for thousands of years.\" The conditions on the Underground are probably ideal for mosquitoes to breed rapidly and frequently throughout the year. Temperatures can be balmy and the network is prone to penetration by water creating pools of stagnant water for breeding. There are more than 1,600 varieties of mosquitoes which live from the Arctic tundra to the tropical rain forests. ** NOTICE: In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, this material is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. **", "precise_score": 6.220071315765381, "rough_score": 6.906026363372803, "source": "search", "title": "London underground source of new insect forms - gene" }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "New London underground mosquitoes emerge", "precise_score": 2.6171774864196777, "rough_score": 2.056701898574829, "source": "search", "title": "New London underground mosquitoes emerge - BBC News" }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "Scientists believe they have discovered a new breed of mosquito deep in the London underground railway network.", "precise_score": 5.730591297149658, "rough_score": 7.388354778289795, "source": "search", "title": "New London underground mosquitoes emerge - BBC News" }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "As the common house mosquito adapted to the environment of the underground railway system in London, it established a subterranean population. Now named the 'London Underground mosquito', it can no longer interbreed with its above ground counterpart and is effectively thought to be a new species", "precise_score": 4.375331878662109, "rough_score": 3.0159993171691895, "source": "search", "title": "Humans are 'creating new species' including a tough breed ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "One example of such animals is the 'London Underground Mosquito'. ", "precise_score": 0.2995438575744629, "rough_score": -1.1717239618301392, "source": "search", "title": "Humans are 'creating new species' including a tough breed ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "As the common house mosquito adapted to the environment of the underground railway system in London, it established a subterranean population.", "precise_score": 2.641981601715088, "rough_score": 1.1363259553909302, "source": "search", "title": "Humans are 'creating new species' including a tough breed ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "The London Underground mosquito can no longer interbreed with its above ground counterpart and is effectively thought to be a new species.", "precise_score": 3.154876232147217, "rough_score": 0.4110310673713684, "source": "search", "title": "Humans are 'creating new species' including a tough breed ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "The London Underground mosquito is a form of mosquito found in the London Underground. Biologists named the London Underground mosquito Culex pipiens f. molestus due to its edacious biting. This mosquito, was first discovered in the London Underground system, and can be found in various underground systems around the world. From being a local above-ground Culex pipiens, it gradually adapted to human-made underground systems. Recent evidence suggests it is a southern mosquito variety related to C. pipiens that has adapted to the warm underground spaces of northern cities. ", "precise_score": 4.090065956115723, "rough_score": 4.276919364929199, "source": "search", "title": "Peripatric Speciation - Speciation..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "27. In 1998, researchers discovered a new mosquito species in the London Underground, evolved from ancestors that flew in when the tunnels were dug 100 years ago. Once bird feeders, they now enjoy a menu of rats, mice and human blood. They do not interbreed with their aboveground counterparts. Their DNA actually varies from one subway line to another.", "precise_score": 8.094890594482422, "rough_score": 8.392073631286621, "source": "search", "title": "32 Things You Did Not Know about Mosquitoes - softpedia" }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "London underground source of new insect forms", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.059401035308838, "source": "search", "title": "London underground source of new insect forms - gene" }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "London underground source of new insect forms", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.059401035308838, "source": "search", "title": "London underground source of new insect forms - gene" }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "Subject: London underground source of new insect forms", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.639322280883789, "source": "search", "title": "London underground source of new insect forms - gene" }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "BBC News | Europe | New London underground mosquitoes emerge", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.9214355945587158, "source": "search", "title": "New London underground mosquitoes emerge - BBC News" }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "Heredity - Culex pipiens in London Underground tunnels: differentiation between surface and subterranean populations", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.679890632629395, "source": "search", "title": "Heredity - Culex pipiens in London Underground tunnels ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "Culex pipiens in London Underground tunnels: differentiation between surface and subterranean populations", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.78152847290039, "source": "search", "title": "Heredity - Culex pipiens in London Underground tunnels ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "1 Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.459870338439941, "source": "search", "title": "Heredity - Culex pipiens in London Underground tunnels ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "Correspondence: Byrne Katharine, Conservation Genetics Group, Institute of Zoology, Regents Park, London NW1 4RY, UK E-mail: [email protected]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.452682495117188, "source": "search", "title": "Heredity - Culex pipiens in London Underground tunnels ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "2Present address: Conservation Genetics Group, Institute of Zoology, Regents Park, London NW1 4RY, UK", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.485203742980957, "source": "search", "title": "Heredity - Culex pipiens in London Underground tunnels ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "Genetic variation was quantified between surface-dwelling populations of Culex pipiens and the so-called molestus form found in the London Underground (the Underground) railway system. The molestus form is a commercially important biting nuisance and in the southern part of its range is also a disease vector. The surface and subterranean populations were genetically distinct, with no evidence of gene flow between closely adjacent populations of the different forms, whereas there was little differentiation between the different populations of each form. The substantially reduced heterozygosity in the Underground populations and the allelic composition suggest that colonization of the Underground has occurred once or very few times. Breeding experiments show compatibility between the Underground populations but not with those breeding above ground. There is evidence of greater gene flow and a mixing of molestus and pipiens traits in the south of the species range. This paper considers the processes that may allow establishment of reproductive isolation in the north of the species range but not in the south.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.013188362121582, "source": "search", "title": "Heredity - Culex pipiens in London Underground tunnels ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "The initial assignment of two population types based on laboratory mating behaviour suggested that there were two distinct groups, which correlated to hypogeous (enclosed) and epigeous (open) breeding sites. The genetic data also show significant support for the division of the London population of C. pipiens into two subgroups, pipiens and molestus, which correspond to the different breeding behaviour in the laboratory. This result is readily apparent from the ordination of GST values, which clusters the populations into two groups. The separation into two distinct clusters indicates that gene flow between the two is absent or limited. Each subterranean population was paired with a surface population close by, so appreciable gene flow over a few hundred metres would have been sufficient to produce a thorough intermingling of the two categories of population in the ordination.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.994772911071777, "source": "search", "title": "Heredity - Culex pipiens in London Underground tunnels ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "The lack of demonstrable gene flow between the two forms in London may, in part, be explained by the implications of the breeding experiments, in which no offspring were recorded from crosses between Underground and surface populations. The ability to mate in confined spaces (stenogamy) may be a major contribution to premating reproductive isolation. Intriguingly, the Oval population, which seems to be an essentially overground population living underground (but below open sky) produced one (F1) egg raft. The F2 eggs, however, failed to hatch.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.280838966369629, "source": "search", "title": "Heredity - Culex pipiens in London Underground tunnels ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "Two possible sources were considered for the colonization of the London Underground—local London surface populations and long-distance migrants from Mediterranean populations.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.101045608520508, "source": "search", "title": "Heredity - Culex pipiens in London Underground tunnels ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "Populations of C. pipiens from the Mediterranean region, especially those from North Africa, show similarities to molestus populations from Britain. In particular, they have reduced polymorphism and higher frequency of some alleles associated with the Underground populations ( Villani et al., 1986 ). Little evidence has been found to support the proposal that the London Underground was colonized from this source. The alleles found in the Underground do not include any that are otherwise found only outside Britain. Only Got-1 is fixed for an allele that is rare on the surface but that is frequent in molestus-type individuals from other areas ( Chevillon et al., 1998 ). The identity of alleles was confirmed by cross-checking with control strains provided by M. Raymond.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.671777248382568, "source": "search", "title": "Heredity - Culex pipiens in London Underground tunnels ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "This combination of factors can explain why gene flow is negligible or absent between the two forms in the populations that were studied. As it appears plausible that colonization of the London Underground has occurred only once, the reproductive isolation could have accumulated in the few hundred generations since then. Conversely, in the south of the range, where climate promotes more frequent gene flow, this may be sufficient to prevent the establishment of reproductive isolation, even though the pleiotropic effects of selection in the underground environment are the same.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.498608589172363, "source": "search", "title": "Heredity - Culex pipiens in London Underground tunnels ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "BBC - Earth - The unique mosquito that lives in the London Underground", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.030696392059326, "source": "search", "title": "BBC - Earth - The unique mosquito that lives in the London ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "The unique mosquito that lives in the London Underground", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.7194597721099854, "source": "search", "title": "BBC - Earth - The unique mosquito that lives in the London ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "When construction of the London Underground began in the 19th Century, there was an unexpected consequence: evolution", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.832141876220703, "source": "search", "title": "BBC - Earth - The unique mosquito that lives in the London ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "Regular riders of the London Underground may bemoan the iconic and occasionally fierce tube mice . But there is another, smaller animal living in the Underground that is perhaps even more at home in the subterranean network – since it actually evolved in the unique conditions of the tube environment.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.094436645507812, "source": "search", "title": "BBC - Earth - The unique mosquito that lives in the London ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "The London Underground mosquito is a genetically distinct subspecies. It was first reported during the Blitz of World War Two, when the Tube's tunnels were used as overnight bomb shelters. Over the course of the war, almost 180,000 people sheltered in the Underground. They were ravaged by all sorts of insects.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.5048185586929321, "source": "search", "title": "BBC - Earth - The unique mosquito that lives in the London ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "\"The Tube then was a very different place than it is now,\" says Steven Judd , Head of Environment for the London Underground. With standing water and different pest controls, flies, ticks, lice and fleas were a lot more common than they are now, he says.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.611655235290527, "source": "search", "title": "BBC - Earth - The unique mosquito that lives in the London ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "After the war, other than the odd complaint of biting made by maintenance workers, the mosquito received scant attention. That was until almost 50 years later when a London-based doctoral student decided to study these subterranean biters.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.707160472869873, "source": "search", "title": "BBC - Earth - The unique mosquito that lives in the London ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "After the London Underground system's construction, the tunnels were largely sealed off from the surface, and some of the mosquitoes found themselves trapped underground. It was this physical barrier, Byrne wrote, that caused the divergent evolution of the two populations.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.0528340339660645, "source": "search", "title": "BBC - Earth - The unique mosquito that lives in the London ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "It was \"evolution by natural selection but in a speeded-up form,\" writes Tom Quinn in his book London's Strangest Tales .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.320011138916016, "source": "search", "title": "BBC - Earth - The unique mosquito that lives in the London ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "\"People usually think of speciation as being very slow and as something you can't see happening,\" says Reznick. \"But in this example, you can sort of see it happening. It's a relatively recent phenomenon and you can see a clear start date\" – when construction of the London Underground began in 1863.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.869001388549805, "source": "search", "title": "BBC - Earth - The unique mosquito that lives in the London ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "\"It's unclear if it evolved there or was brought into the Underground system… from the freight and fruit movement into the docks of London,\" says Judd. There is not enough research to give us an indication, he adds.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.771045684814453, "source": "search", "title": "BBC - Earth - The unique mosquito that lives in the London ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "This might come as a surprise, given that there is actually a diverse array of species available to study in the London Underground network. Mice, foxes and even tortoises have been found below ground, says Judd. They live amongst tunnel fluff, made up of human hair and clothes fibres, and tunnel dust: carbon that comes from the train's brake shoes.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.688432693481445, "source": "search", "title": "BBC - Earth - The unique mosquito that lives in the London ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "What is clear is that the molestus mosquito is not unique to the London Underground, says Gomes.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.418887138366699, "source": "search", "title": "BBC - Earth - The unique mosquito that lives in the London ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "Still, Reznick argues there are a number of genetic factors that suggest the underground mosquito first evolved in London.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.188215970993042, "source": "search", "title": "BBC - Earth - The unique mosquito that lives in the London ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "\"If they [the subterranean mosquitoes] had come from Spain, you would expect them to have distinct alleles to those above ground,\" says Reznick. The underground insects should then have been most closely related to Spain's above-ground mosquitoes. But this was not the case: London's underground and overground mosquitoes are each other's closest relative.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.096290111541748, "source": "search", "title": "BBC - Earth - The unique mosquito that lives in the London ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "And, unlike the London Underground mosquito, the marine and freshwater sticklebacks do not have such a distinct physical barrier between them. \"This is all happening without geographic isolation,\" he says.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.525921821594238, "source": "search", "title": "BBC - Earth - The unique mosquito that lives in the London ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "Still, with no one having examined the London Underground mosquito since Byrne in the late 1990s, he says work needs to be done to bring our understanding up to scratch. \"The genetic tools that they were using aren't the ones we'd use today. The truth is – it would be nice if someone studied the mosquitoes more closely.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.101828575134277, "source": "search", "title": "BBC - Earth - The unique mosquito that lives in the London ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "While Reznick has followed this speciation process in a number of organisms – from moths to flies to invasive plants – the London Underground mosquito has such a special spot in his heart that he devoted a chapter to the insects' evolution in a 2010 book he wrote on the subject of Darwin's 1859 classic Origin of Species.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.8072795867919922, "source": "search", "title": "BBC - Earth - The unique mosquito that lives in the London ..." }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "A great example of peripatric speciation is the London Underground mosquitoes", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.3545942306518555, "source": "search", "title": "Peripatric Speciation - Speciation..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs in one go. ... by Truman Capote", "precise_score": 6.239659786224365, "rough_score": 7.352391719818115, "source": "search", "title": "Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Thank you for visiting these Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs in one go. ... by Truman Capote.", "precise_score": 5.314270973205566, "rough_score": 6.64599609375, "source": "search", "title": "Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Recap of Weekend in Venice, Italy - Eat Work Travel", "precise_score": -9.013689041137695, "rough_score": -11.250232696533203, "source": "search", "title": "Recap of Weekend in Venice, Italy - Eat Work Travel" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "“Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs in one go.”", "precise_score": 3.1360182762145996, "rough_score": 5.470715045928955, "source": "search", "title": "Recap of Weekend in Venice, Italy - Eat Work Travel" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "«It is always assumed that Venice is the ideal place for a honeymoon. This is a grave error. To live in Venice or even to visit it, means that you fall in love with the city itself. There is nothing left over in your heart for anyone else.» (Peggy Guggenheim) --- Well, not so wrong either: we already had the pleasure to welcome many honeymooners and bridal couples here in our hotel and we haven't heard of any \"love crisis\" so far :) - #quote #honeymoon #wedding #Venice #Italy #Venezia…", "precise_score": -10.976033210754395, "rough_score": -11.166603088378906, "source": "search", "title": "Venice in Quotes on Pinterest | Venice, Us Quotes and ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "The Little One: Venice", "precise_score": -8.724604606628418, "rough_score": -11.111937522888184, "source": "search", "title": "The Little One: Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "\"Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs in one go\" - Truman Capote", "precise_score": 6.77795934677124, "rough_score": 8.99953842163086, "source": "search", "title": "The Little One: Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice itself is built on more than 100 islands, and Truman Capote was right, the city is simply magical. From the humblest, faded candy colour home to the majestic Doge's Palace, every building rises from nowhere out of the canals.", "precise_score": -0.799665629863739, "rough_score": -7.448896884918213, "source": "search", "title": "The Little One: Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "We stayed in the Residenza Cannaregio , situated in the north west of the city and away from all the tourist destinations, it is perfectly placed to allow you to get a real flavour of what Venice life is like. The hotel used to be a monastery and is contained around two courtyards, one of which is a beautiful garden (which we were lucky enough to over look!) and the other a modern bar. It was here I tried my first Spritz Aperol, the bright orange coloured cocktail you will see the locals sipping as an aperitif, and it is perfect after a day of walking!", "precise_score": -10.66496753692627, "rough_score": -11.195243835449219, "source": "search", "title": "The Little One: Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Our three days in Venice were absolutely magical, there really is no other city like it. I can get a bit sentimental about the cities I have visited but this was something special. If exploring on foot, discovering things by surprise and being in awe of beauty is your thing, Venice is the place to go. ", "precise_score": -10.196722030639648, "rough_score": -11.255516052246094, "source": "search", "title": "The Little One: Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "The magic of the stone heart comes from one of the legends of Venice. ", "precise_score": -10.200430870056152, "rough_score": -11.2525053024292, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "4. DONT LOOK FOR A SPECIFIC RESTAURANT OF BAR SUGGESTED IN TOURIST GUIDES: for breakfast there are many little bar with a delicious croissant. Make sure you look for locals inside. We Venetian have “Colazione al Bar” \"Breakfast at the Bar\" almost every morning. Many of the best bars don’t even have seats. We love to have cappuccino’s or coffee and delicious sweets while standing: those are the best places with the best prices. A cappuccino and a sweet will cost you something like 3 Euros. After noon those places offers delicious savory pastries as well. Around lunch time stop at places where you see locals, normally located in the most tiniest streets. Get familiar with the way the venetian talks and stop for food where they are. If you see gondoliers inside, go in those ae the best places. There are “6 Sestieri”, 6 districts, in Venice, they are all different and nice. They all have great restaurants with local food, where you can enjoy delicious lunch and dinners. Again don’t go crazy looking for something that was mention in a guide book. There are many great ad delicious places that don’t even get mentioned….as they are local gems and kept secret. Unless they are suggested to you by a local, don’t go out of your way for it.", "precise_score": -10.618453979492188, "rough_score": -10.545699119567871, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "3. Dorsoduro: it's one of the most comfortable areas of Venice. The name (Italian for \"hard ridge\") is due to the fact that it was the only part of the city characterizes by a stable and less swampy land.", "precise_score": -10.558012962341309, "rough_score": -10.55958366394043, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "THE \"FANCY CARS\" OF VENICE", "precise_score": -9.241021156311035, "rough_score": -10.558072090148926, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "For more fun facts and history of Gondolas and Venice you can visit my “Venice\" segment on my official page www.giadavalenti.com.", "precise_score": -10.053058624267578, "rough_score": -11.265667915344238, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "On a tiny backstreet called Calle Lunga Santa Maria Formosa in the Sestiere Castello you’ll find Libreria Acqua Alta. Its name translates as “High Water Bookstore” and its entrance lies on one of the most famous canals of my hometown. This is for sure one the most incredible and interesting bookshop you will ever see. Books are kept in boats, canoes, bathtubs and even a full size gondola, to keep them safe from the regular floods of Venice. So when the water is high the books just floats . Not a bad idea right?", "precise_score": -11.044207572937012, "rough_score": -11.2000093460083, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Pozzi \"Wells\" of Venice", "precise_score": -9.128642082214355, "rough_score": -9.944520950317383, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "The wellhead, \"vera da pozzo\", is the only exposed part of the well system in Venice and it is a typical Venetian word that represent the visible stone that covers the well itsel. The wellhead served as a cap on the well to prevent debris from falling into the well and contaminating the fresh water supply. Some of these \" vere\" show effigy of the family that built them. The largest one is located in campo San Polo and measures 320 cm in diameter (10 ft.). They were a centerpiece of many public squares in Venice and were always at the center of socialization and interactivity among Venetians. Churches were once responsible for locking and unlocking the well at certain times of the day to prevent just anyone from retrieving water from the well at any given time.", "precise_score": -10.317055702209473, "rough_score": -10.09974193572998, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "At his arrival in Venice in 1925, composer Igor Stravinsky could not reach his hotel due to an extreme \"Acqua Alta\", high water. The canals had flooded Venice.", "precise_score": -10.601768493652344, "rough_score": -10.969379425048828, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Once they got to Venice and told the story to the Doge, the city voted him their patron saint. There is also another tradition telling that St. Mark had himself once stopped on the Venetian coast to avoid a storm and that an angel appeared to him, saying the locals would one day venerate him.", "precise_score": -10.577594757080078, "rough_score": -11.200345039367676, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice was founded to escape the assaults of Attila and the Huns , which the story tells were “allergic\" to water “.", "precise_score": -9.86679458618164, "rough_score": -11.170182228088379, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "My hometown Venice has still visible 417 bridges, of which 72 are private. Among them 300 bridges are made by stone, 60 made by iron, the other 57 made by wood. There are only two bridges without railings (spallette). The first one is located in Torcello and is called Ponte del Diavolo (the Devil’s Bridge), and the second one is private and is located in Rio di San Felice in Cannaregio and it's called Ponte Chiodo. All the ancient bridges in Venice were originally builded without railings.", "precise_score": -11.12854290008545, "rough_score": -11.25732707977295, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "On Monday, July 14, around 9:47am, the campanile collapsed completely with disbelief of the Venetians in the square. Although it buried the Basilica’s balcony in rubble, fortunately, the church itself was saved. Remarkably, no one was killed, except for the caretaker’s cat. The same evening, of the collapse, the communal council approved over 500,000 Lire for the reconstruction of the campanile. It was decided to rebuild the tower exactly as it was, with some internal reinforcement to prevent future collapse. The rebuild of St. Mark’s Campanile started on July 22nd, 1902 and lasted until March 6, 1912. The new campanile was inaugurated on April 25, 1912, on the occasion of Saint Mark’s feast day, exactly 1000 years after the foundations of the original building had allegedly been laid. It was a sad piece of Venetian history that to this day is talked about in Venice, due some controversial dispute about the reasons why the tower collapsed.", "precise_score": -11.079182624816895, "rough_score": -11.255212783813477, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venezia", "passage": "I often wonder though if anyone still checks the \"bocche\" for random grievances left by some funny \"veneziani\" in the dead of the night.", "precise_score": -10.138060569763184, "rough_score": -10.720349311828613, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "The \"Festa Del Boccolo\" in Venice", "precise_score": -8.615179061889648, "rough_score": -10.04799747467041, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "April 25th is the is the patronal feast of Venice, celebrated in memory of Saint Mark the Evangelist. This day is celebrated with a gondola race across St Mark’s Basin, between Sant’Elena and Punta della Dogana, a procession in Basilica San Marco and some other activities. But in our city, another customary practice on April 25th is for Venetian men to give a ‘bocolo‘, a rosebud (preferably red) to their wives or lovers. This practice is believed to have originated from an 8th century legend involving Tancredi, a troubadour of humble origin, who was in love with Maria, the Doge’s daughter. Of course the Doge did not approve of the relationship due to the low social standing of Tancredi. Maria suggested to Tancredi that he could prove his valour and win her father’s approval by distinguishing himself in the war against the Arabs in Spain. Unfortunately Tancredi was mortally wounded and fell bleeding on a rosebush. But before dying he managed to pluck a rose and asked his companion Orlando to deliver the blood-stained rose to his lover. On April 25, a day after receiving the rose, Maria was found dead in her bed with the blood stained rose across her heart. Since that time, a rosebud is offered to the women of Venice on St Mark’s Day as a symbol of love.", "precise_score": -10.876794815063477, "rough_score": -10.95729923248291, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "WHERE TO EAT LOCAL IN VENICE", "precise_score": -9.192626953125, "rough_score": -11.247410774230957, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Where to eat local in Venice.", "precise_score": -9.367971420288086, "rough_score": -11.205609321594238, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "It’s not always easy to find a good restaurant when you’re abroad. You end up eating in a place for tourists where quality can be poor and prices are high. I have to admit that Venice is not one of those low-cost destinations, but a good “osteria” can work the quality/price magic. ", "precise_score": -10.755722999572754, "rough_score": -11.259434700012207, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "It’s a family-run restaurant and pizzeria in Cannareggio. After being run by his mother, since a few years the restaurant is in the hands of Andrea Mazzucato. Andrea is the most funny and entertaining owner you will find in Venice. He reminds me a lot of actor Roberto Benigni. The food is outstanding and very well prized. You can eat fresh fish everyday, delicious meat and their thin crust pizzas are to die for. We ate at this place for 7 days straight while I was filming in Venice parts of my television special for PBS “From Venice With Love”. The whole crew could not stop raving about how delicious the food was everyday. They could not wait for lunch or dinner to see what Andrea had ready for us.", "precise_score": -11.000494003295898, "rough_score": -11.256229400634766, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "One cannot go to Venice without being in complete awe of the beauty. And then of course, I could not stop taking photo after photo, around every corner was another amazing door, window, bridge, view, palace, church, piazza….it was never ending. I have never seen a more beautiful city and when I arrived, the sun was setting at San Marcos square. The beauty was stupendous, and I can say, no city has ever made me cry, …… but Venice did! What words are there to describe Venice…..200 canals, 400 bridges…..breathtaking …. The most beautiful city I have ever seen…..", "precise_score": -10.133892059326172, "rough_score": -10.98661994934082, "source": "search", "title": "Venice, Italy 11/12 | saelon" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "“Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs in one go.” – Truman Capote.", "precise_score": 6.795790672302246, "rough_score": 7.5810065269470215, "source": "search", "title": "Venice, Italy 11/12 | saelon" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "\"Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs in one go.\"---Truman Capote", "precise_score": 6.803982734680176, "rough_score": 8.803558349609375, "source": "search", "title": "Venice (post-tour) - The Heart of Italy 2014" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice was another \"Wow\" moment. The entire city with its busy canals, bustling merchants, mega tourists, and friendly residents was almost overwhelming.  We didn't know where to look.  At every turn, another palace, or bridge, or charming canal, or church, or cafe, or gondola, on and on. We opted to take a water taxi to our hotel rather than being wedged into the much much cheaper vaporetto.  An indulgence for sure, but so much fun. We actually shared the ride with another American couple and split the fare.  Our hotel, The Hotel Colombina, was one block behind St. Marks and very centrally located. It was like a little jewelry box, with great décor, beautiful rooms, and wonderful service. After checking in we had pizza at an Italian chain restaurant Rosso Pommodoro (very good) then walked over to St. Mark's Square and took a tour of this most unusual and remarkable church.   ", "precise_score": -9.436311721801758, "rough_score": -9.218647956848145, "source": "search", "title": "Venice (post-tour) - The Heart of Italy 2014" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "“Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs in one go.”", "precise_score": 3.1360177993774414, "rough_score": 5.470715045928955, "source": "search", "title": "Venice and its aphorisms - Hotel Venice Mestre Aaron Hotel ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "“In Venice, like no other city, I have found such a unity of present-day life with a life that speaks to us from the works of art from its golden age, and in which the sun and the sea are more essential than all of history.”", "precise_score": -10.294879913330078, "rough_score": -11.217944145202637, "source": "search", "title": "Venice and its aphorisms - Hotel Venice Mestre Aaron Hotel ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "\"When I seek another word for \"music\", I never find any other word than \"Venice\" ..\"", "precise_score": -10.503305435180664, "rough_score": -10.14789867401123, "source": "search", "title": "Venice Winter Impressionism - Adobe Slate" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "\"You are beautiful, Venice, in the midst of waves - placid mirror of sublime monuments\".", "precise_score": -9.961626052856445, "rough_score": -10.508915901184082, "source": "search", "title": "Venice Winter Impressionism - Adobe Slate" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "\"It is always assumed that Venice is the ideal place for a honeymoon. This is a grave error. To live in Venice or even to visit it, means that you fall in love with the city itself. There is nothing left over in your heart for anyone else\".", "precise_score": -10.765217781066895, "rough_score": -11.005537033081055, "source": "search", "title": "Venice Winter Impressionism - Adobe Slate" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "(THOMAS MANN - from Death in Venice)", "precise_score": -9.14776611328125, "rough_score": -11.26583480834961, "source": "search", "title": "Venice Winter Impressionism - Adobe Slate" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "(JOHN RUSKIN - from The Stones of Venice)", "precise_score": -9.31779956817627, "rough_score": -11.262338638305664, "source": "search", "title": "Venice Winter Impressionism - Adobe Slate" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "\"I stood in Venice, on the Bridge of Sighs; A palace and a prison on each hand; I saw from out the wave of her structure´s rise as from the stroke of the enchanter´s wand: A thousand years their cloudy wings expand around me, and a dying glory smiles over the far times, when many a subject land look´d to the winged Lion´s marble pines, where Venice sate in state, throned on her hundred isles.\"", "precise_score": -10.877446174621582, "rough_score": -10.998517036437988, "source": "search", "title": "Venice Winter Impressionism - Adobe Slate" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "The landmark of Venice: Palaces and gondolas", "precise_score": -9.584388732910156, "rough_score": -11.192096710205078, "source": "search", "title": "Venice Winter Impressionism - Adobe Slate" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "\"Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs in one go.\"", "precise_score": 3.1605756282806396, "rough_score": 7.449592590332031, "source": "search", "title": "Venice Winter Impressionism - Adobe Slate" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Kristina has been to the Maldives but never to Venice,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.496618270874023, "source": "search", "title": "Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "and I have been to Venice but never to the Maldives.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.412074089050293, "source": "search", "title": "Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Though there are some disagreeable things in Venice", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.406576156616211, "source": "search", "title": "Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "They are shooting The Thief Lord in Venice at the moment.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.415796279907227, "source": "search", "title": "Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "I have an Italian comedy at the Venice Film Festival.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.485238075256348, "source": "search", "title": "Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice, Italy, survives 365 days out of every year in water;", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.436379432678223, "source": "search", "title": "Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "I had always thought of Venice as the city of canals;", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.322452545166016, "source": "search", "title": "Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "A realist, in Venice, would become a romantic by mere", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.295295715332031, "source": "search", "title": "Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Is it worth while to observe that there are no Venetian blinds in Venice?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.521223068237305, "source": "search", "title": "Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "location for a really long time in Venice Beach.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.51346206665039, "source": "search", "title": "Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Once a week we visit Venice High and talk to girls at risk.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.473553657531738, "source": "search", "title": "Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Like Venice, Italy, New Orleans is a cultural treasure.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.398463249206543, "source": "search", "title": "Venice is like eating an entire box of chocolate liqueurs ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Recap of Weekend in Venice, Italy", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.488946914672852, "source": "search", "title": "Recap of Weekend in Venice, Italy - Eat Work Travel" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "We started the trip in Venice.  We had heard mix reviews of Venice therefore we scheduled it as our first stop so we had no other comparisons from other parts of Italy.  Overall, our impression was similar to what we had heard.  The city is really neat with the canals and lack of cars however it would not be on our top list to return.  We found it crowded and the people weren’t as friendly as other parts of Italy we visited.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.42538833618164, "source": "search", "title": "Recap of Weekend in Venice, Italy - Eat Work Travel" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "We had pre-arranged a private water transfer from the airport to our hotel.  After our long international flight, we figured we would want to get to the destination as soon as possible after landing.  This was one of our best decisions!  **Travel tip** Take a private transfer from the airport to your hotel!  We used VeniceLink and would highly recommend them!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.512880325317383, "source": "search", "title": "Recap of Weekend in Venice, Italy - Eat Work Travel" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Our private transfer boat from the Venice Airport", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.561908721923828, "source": "search", "title": "Recap of Weekend in Venice, Italy - Eat Work Travel" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Our first afternoon was spent wandering through the streets and taking in the unique views that Venice has to offer!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.37386703491211, "source": "search", "title": "Recap of Weekend in Venice, Italy - Eat Work Travel" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "1000+ images about Venice in Quotes on Pinterest | Friedrich nietzsche, Venice italy and Peggy guggenheim", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.341693878173828, "source": "search", "title": "Venice in Quotes on Pinterest | Venice, Us Quotes and ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.354403495788574, "source": "search", "title": "The Little One: Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "I do love to drop everything on a whim once in a while and get away from it all, and it seems I may have inherited it from my mum! So, with three days notice we were on our way to Venice.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.463314056396484, "source": "search", "title": "The Little One: Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "We both share a love of Italy so Venice has naturally been one of our all time bucket list destinations. Touching down and Marco Polo airport, I can genuinely say I have never been so excited to be somewhere! Taking the taxi boat across the lagoon should have given me some idea of the grandeur to expect in the city, with its cream leather seats and polished wood interior, it felt very glam indeed! ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.351028442382812, "source": "search", "title": "The Little One: Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "I'm not really one to have a plan when it comes to travel and would definitely recommend exploring Venice by foot - without a map! Yes, we did lose our way a couple of times but it allowed us to stumble upon things we may not have seen otherwise, such as a tiny bakery selling delicious pastries or a truly picturesque canal.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.41004753112793, "source": "search", "title": "The Little One: Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "It probably goes without saying that St Mark's Square is the main tourist destination in Venice, home to the Doge's Palace, the Campanile and St Mark's Basilica. It is an absolute must to take the short elevator ride to the top of the Campanile. The views are breathtaking ...", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.379209518432617, "source": "search", "title": "The Little One: Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice once was dear,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.275544166564941, "source": "search", "title": "Quotes about Venice - veniceword international" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Is it worth while to observe that there are no Venetian blinds in Venice?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.521223068237305, "source": "search", "title": "Quotes about Venice - veniceword international" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Kristina has been to the Maldives but never to Venice, and I have been to Venice but never to the Maldives.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.509612083435059, "source": "search", "title": "Quotes about Venice - veniceword international" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Though there are some disagreeable things in Venice there is nothing so disagreeable as the visitors.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.471405029296875, "source": "search", "title": "Quotes about Venice - veniceword international" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Giada's Venice", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.334064483642578, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "secret spot in venice", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.395078659057617, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "It is a stunning Dutch villa that sits alone on the south of the lagoon of Venice. It is difficult to reach, and you would need to have or rent your own boat to get there. Built in 1925 by an emigrant from The Netherlands the white façade has red windows and gables, which top a beautiful portico. It gives this part of the lagoon a magical fairy-tale touch. This part of the lagoon is called Zappa Valley and is one of the fishing valleys and it is located in the territory of Campagna Lupia. In this fascinating landscape they breed eels, sea bass, sea bream that you will then buy at the Rialto Market in Venice and other fish markets of the Veneto region.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.326310157775879, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Then while in Venice you have to touch the Stone Heart. Couples come here to touch the stone in hopes of blessings for eternal love whereas singles come here to find the love of their life.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.425745964050293, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "ONLY 24 HOURS TO SEE VENICE ? 5 SUGGESTIONS", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.565378189086914, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "To avoid stress  and to enjoy Venice, I suggest this 5 break ground rules:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.45069694519043, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "2. MAKE A LIST OF MAX 5 THING YOU REALLY WANT TO SEE AND ENJOY WHAT COMES TO YOUR PATHS WHILE GOING. It takes more time than you think you get around: first because you will stop for a picture almost every 5 minutes, second you will be distracted in a different direction also every 5 minutes and the streets in Venice are very small and crowded and you can't walk fast anyway.  So make the list and spend the day walking and getting lost, that’s the best way to experience Venice. It’s an Island and you can never get too far. You will find anywhere the signs with the famous locations like St Marks, The Train Station etc., if you need directions. Look for them only when you really need it.  Walk towards areas popular with locals to experience the ‘real’ Venice. Enjoy the little campielli (squares) with children walking around and drinking at the fountains: yes that water is drinkable, fresh and delicious. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.43606948852539, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "3. START EARLY IN THE MORNING WITH BUSY LOCATIONS : early in the morning is the best way to see Venice. The quiet before the storm.  Nice in the morning is a panoramic view of Venice from San Marco’s Bell Tower. You get a beautiful view of Venice from above. There are no queues to get in if you make it there before 9.30 am. If you get there later you will waist tons of time in line. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.493841171264648, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "5. TAKE A GONDOLA RIDE AND SEE VENICE AT NIGHT: those are two must. The gondola rides are not cheap but will give you the feeling of what Venice is all about. Take it from Gondolas stops in quiet areas….no waiting line and you start you ride in the little canals…the magic of Venice. And to see Venice at night it is another thing that will stole your heart. After dinner take a stroll at the pier near San Marco (Riva degli Schiavoni) is very crowed during the day and it is spectacular and quiet late at night: Gondolas bobbing on peaceful waters, the midnight moon peeking out from the clouds and the majestic San Maggiore cathedral all lit in the distance. The reflections of the lights on the water, the silence…..have fun in my magic Venice and come back often to see it over and over again.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.310697555541992, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "A STROLL IN VENICE : RIVA DEGLI SCHIAVONI", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.277361869812012, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice’s most famous promenade is the Riva degli Schiavoni, situated just off St Marks square. The Riva Degli Schiavoni commences outside the Doges Palace and ends near the Arsenal. Along the way the promenade is lined with numerous hotels, restaurants, bars, and a number of notable historic buildings. Some of the hotels once functioned as palaces. For example, the Hotel Danieli used to be the Palazzo Dandolo, home to the aristocratic Dandolo family.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.388825416564941, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "It was originally built in the ninth century from dredged silt and was named for the Slavic men who brought cargo to Venice from across the Adriatic Sea. The walk along here is lovely, particularly on a fine summers day when the canal is buzzed with life. The view from the Riva across to the island of San Giorgio Maggiore is magnificent. This is pretty much a part of most Venice touristic itineraries, but it is well worth doing.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.364632606506348, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "THE SIX DISTRICTS OF VENICE", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.510308265686035, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "My beloved hometown has six Sestieri (Venetian name given to its districts) which constitute the old city centre. They all have different characteristic and people even express themselves differently believe it or not. Get lost in all of them to get the vibe of what Venice is all about it : magic.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.359535217285156, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "2. Castello: the largest Venetian sestiere. It's in eastern Venice and includes the Arsenal.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.435015678405762, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "But did you know that the Gondola was originally invented as private transportation vehicle for the upper classes? You can say that they were “the fancy cars” of Venice.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.417158126831055, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Yes very touristic and expensive, but I think a ”must” while in Venice.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.416217803955078, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Place TO RELAX IN VENICE", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.378520011901855, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Named after St Lazarus, the patron saint of lepers, this small island in the Venetian lagoon served as a leper colony in the 12th century. It was subsequently abandoned until in 1717, when an Armenian monk, Manug di Pietro , known as Mechitar, fled his Turkish persecutors and came to Venice. The Venetian government, that famously was welcoming foreigners, gave San Lazzaro to Mechitar who founded an Armenian order on the island. Mechitar and his 17 monks built a monastery, restored the crumbling lepers’ church, and quadrupled the tiny island’s area (originally 7000 square meters).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.39444637298584, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice with Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Planning on marrying in Venice?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.456501960754395, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "There are everyday many weddings, wedding proposals and renewal of vowels taking place in the city of love. I grow up seeing people kissing and hugging in Venice. I guess that’s what made me the very romantic person that I Am and shaped my love for music and romantic songs. For sure it made me a believer that LOVE is really one of the most beautiful thing to possess.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.337750434875488, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Many celebrities get married in my hometown. I was lucky to experience the wedding of George Clooney and his beautiful Amal two years as I was in Venice filming segments for my own PBS special the same week: paparazzi all over for that one fore sure, and yet so romantic if you ask me.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.503097534179688, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "You can get married in beautiful palazzi and hotels in Venice or the quiet islands all around, and you can splurge in super delicious buffet with your family and friends.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.478265762329102, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "HiDDEN JEWELS OF VENICE : THE SNAIL HOUSE", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.464400291442871, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "If you look over the rooftops of Venice from a high vantage point, such as the bell tower of St Mark’s, you will see a beautiful and curious round brick tower decorated with a series of white arches.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.38750171661377, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "SYMBOLS OF VENICE : THE GODDESS OF FURTUNE", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.445340156555176, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "The Punta della Dogana is the south entrance on the Grand Canal of my beautiful hometown, Venice. It have the shape of triangle and it divides the Grand Canal from the Canal of the Giudecca. On the point of the triangle there is the Dogana da Mar, the Customs House, which was built between 1677 and 1682 by Giuseppe Benoni.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.430343627929688, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Since Venice was once one of Europe’s busiest ports, ships from all over the world were docking here while awaiting clearance from customs to unload. The top of the Dogana was hosting once a watch tower to guard against foreign invasion. Later the watch tower was replaced by one of my favorite symbols of Venice: a golden globe known as the palla d’oro, the golden sphere created by Bernardo Falconi . It has the form of two kneeling Atlantids, who support on their backs a gilded sphere that represents the world. On top of the sphere stands the goddess Fortune, who is known as 'Occasio'. She holds a gilded sail and a steering-oar, rotating to indicate the wind direction and, symbolically, the mutability of fortune itself.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.267855644226074, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "It is said that when the palla d’oro was erected the winds of fortune started blowing very strongly in Venice’s direction. After standing empty for many years, the Dogana da Mar was bought by François Pinault, a French billionaire and collector of contemporary art, who hired Tadoa Ando, a Japanese architect, to revamp the interior. It is now a beautiful gallery of contemporary art.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.312698364257812, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.308765411376953, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Places to relax in Venice in Venice", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.426161766052246, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Happy to share with you some of my favorite place to escape the crowds and experience the real charm of Venice.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.398347854614258, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "A must see in Venice : books in a Gondola.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.305046081542969, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "The store sells both new and used books in many different languages, and has been open for about 10 years. The owner is 72-year-old Luigi Frizzo speaks five languages and travelled all over the world before he decided to set up this shop in Venice.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.528048515319824, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Books are not only for buying. Some of them have been turned into true object of furnitures. Old unsaleable books, like outdated encyclopaedias, have literally become part of the building, acting as walls and even as steps. One the little outdoor patio there is a big staircase made of books that you can climb to enjoy the view. The ambiance and the atmosphere makes this place fascinating and mysterious and the huge selection of books in so many languages makes this place loved and appreciate by tourists and also Venetians. About 60% of the books are new in the first room, books about Venice but also arts, cinema, food sport, second hand atlases, dictionaries,, biographies,history books and music. Then second room is packed with bestsellers and comics books,. There’s something for every one, you just have to look long enough. And among the shelves you will also find cats wander up and down, begging for attention or just napping on the printed paper.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.359318733215332, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "A must see in Venice for his uniqueness and a quiet place to visit just a few steps from the crowded St. Marks Square.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.376968383789062, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice with Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice was one of the most important and wealthy powers of the time, with a high standard of living even for the average citizen.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.392355918884277, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice was also a small community, inside a town of narrow roads, both of water and stones.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.354913711547852, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Before there was a “Venice,” there was Torcello.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.38636302947998, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Six miles from Venice across a vast stretch of water, lies a mysterious island with only 75 inhabitants: the island of Torcello. Torcello was the first island to be settled in the lagoon, long before Venice. Under threat in the 5th century from Barbarian invasion the people from the Roman city of Altino, fled and settled in this Island that they called Torcello. Until the 10th century Torcello was the greatest commercial centre in the lagoon, full of palaces, churches and even a grand canal. In its prime the population of Torcello was about 20,000 but it fell into decline after it was struck with a series of natural disasters.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.337928771972656, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From the 12th century Torcello rapidly deteriorated as malaria spread causing the population to turn to the more accessible area around the Rialto - the heart of the spectacular new Venice that was emerging. Today Torcello is largely deserted. Apart from a few farmers with small holdings most of the people who work here are involved with the tourists who come to see the few places of interest remaining on the island. Venice scavenged the ruins for building materials, so most of its buildings and palaces have now utterly vanished .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.392036437988281, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "There are also some Medieval ruins and two palaces, Palazzo Dell’Archivio and Palazzo Del Consiglio, a campanile (bell tower) that you can climb for some really nice views and a very popular attractions is the Atilla’s Throne, a big stone throne that was probably the seat of Bishop of the Island. And of course Il Ponte Del Diavolo, the Devil Bridge, one of the only two bridges of Venice without “spallete”, railings.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.317671775817871, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice was surrounded by salt water but did not had drinking water, so they built wells to collect rainwater.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.36568546295166, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "in 1858 the Municipal Technical Office of Venice estimated the presence in the city of nearly 7,000 wells.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.328548431396484, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Today Venice has about 600 wells, of which none is in use. Some of them are true magical treasures in some beautiful quiet campielli (little squares) all around Venice. A lot of them are private but you still can see them from the closed gates.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.392860412597656, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice Music Monday fun fact:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.49051284790039, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "He really loved my Venice and in accordance with his wish, he was burried in the Russian corner of the cemetery in the Island of San Michele in Venice. He's buried next to his friend Sergei Pavlovich Diaghilev, usually referred to outside Russia as Serge, a very famous ballet impresario and founder of the Ballets Russes, from which many famous dancers and choreographers have arised.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.283485412597656, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Feeding pigeons in Venice", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.339759826660156, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Feeding pigeons is not allowed in my hometown Venice. Yes it is against the law. The law went into effect April 30 2008.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.424363136291504, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Why is a Lion the symbol of the Serenissima Republic of Venice?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.490819931030273, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "My hometown Venice is filled with symbols and sings full of meanings, beautiful, interesting and colorful stories. A symbol you simply can’t get away from in Venice is the winged lion. On statues, palaces, the city’s flags, paintings, sculptures that lion is just everywhere. It is you can say the LOGO of Venice.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.438739776611328, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venezia", "passage": "There are a few different versions about its origins and often disputed among Italian regions such as Veneto, Friuli Venezia Giulia and Tuscany:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.431896209716797, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice TIP OF THE DAY", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.431379318237305, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "There are five cardinal points in my hometown Venice: Ferrovia, Piazzale Roma, Piazza San Marco, Rialto and Accademia. Knowing where they are on the map will help you navigate the city. If you get lost, prominent yellow signs throughout the city will direct you to those locations. Follow them only, really ONLY if you absolutely need to. Half the fun in Venice is to get lost in its labyrinthine self and discover a new hidden treasure around the corner.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.419015884399414, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice and water allergy fun fact", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.444438934326172, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Legends of my hometown Venice: el Sior Rioba", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.465352058410645, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "This legend of Venice is set in the district of Canareggio, particularly in Campo dei Mori, where you’ll find the Mastelli Palace of the Camel. Along the walls of this building you will find 4 stone statues embedded in the wall.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.452372550964355, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Once in Venice, the three brothers with their servant, called themselves “ Mastelli” which later became the name of the palace. They were skilled cloth merchants, but also rascals and swindlers deceiving and stealing money from those who turned to them for business.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.373810768127441, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "It is said that the “Sior Rioba”, one of three brothers,addressing the Lady said “This is the best yarn of Venice and May the Lord transform us into stone if we do not tell the truth!”. After these words the woman, paid the exorbitant sum requested and before leaving she said, “I thank you so much gentlemen! May the Lord have towards you the same care and attention that you had for me.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.334768295288086, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "And next door you will find the house where famous painter Tintoretto lived. Every corner in Venice has a story.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.511472702026367, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "The bell towers of Venice", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.388429641723633, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice has over 200 churches.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.499165534973145, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "This is an amazing fact considering the compact size of Venice. There were also the same number of bell towers.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.434179306030273, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Bridges of Venice : did you know?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.347433090209961, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice Masterpiece : the Torre Dell'Orologio", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.341270446777344, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "The Torre dell'Orologio in Piazza San Marco in Venice (the The Clock Tower on St. Marks' Square) is of huge importance, both practical, historical and symbolic in the history of Venice. The clock displays the time of day, the dominant sign of Zodiac and the current phase of the moon and it’s an extraordinarily elaborate timepiece.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.312249183654785, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "The collapse of the Bell Tower of Venice", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.380860328674316, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "built in Venice several “Bocche di Leone ” (Boche de Leon) or Mouth of", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.401460647583008, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "They still  can be seen in Venice, despite dating back to the times of the Serenissima Republic, in the Palazzo Ducale, on the wall of the church of S. Mary of the Visitation (Maria della Visitazione a Zattere), in the Church of St. Martin ( Castello), and St. Moses (in the San Marco district).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.314718246459961, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Il Consiglio dei Dieci 'The Council of Ten\" were accepting anonymous complaints only if at stake was the State safety, and with the approval of the five/sixths of the voters. But it was not so easy as you may think to accuse someone. In 1387 the Council of Ten ordered that anonymous allegations sent without signature of the accuser and without reliable witnesses for the prosecution on the circumstances reported, were to be burned without take no account .Unless the secret denunciations were presented with charges of treason and conspiracy against the State. Through the mouths of the lion and the secret complaints were discovered many crimes that would have never come to the attention, that could have caused serious damage to the Republic of Venice. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.286575317382812, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Thank God things have changed and nowadays also in Venice you can simply send an email with your denunciations or complains directly to the “Comune di Venezia”, the Town Hall of Venice.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.465964317321777, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice Fun fact of the day: Il Gobbo di Rialto", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.389450073242188, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Republic of Venice), used to serve it as good wishes for the party of the Republic of Venice, at St. Mark's day. Combining rice, cereal symbol of fertility (reason why is often handfuls thrown on brides) with peas, springtime fruits for excellence cultivated in the lagoon’s gardens, this delicious dish was offered to all members of the Venetian government. It went on to be imitated in taste and sense also at the popular level ,and nowadays rice and peas is considered among the most internationally known dishes of the Veneto region.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.330024719238281, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice’s Fun Fact: Acqua Alta", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.44093132019043, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice’s Fun Fact:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.37325668334961, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Acqua Alta occurs when certain events coincide: the high tide forms an alliance with low pressures and that their windy friend, Sirocco, participates with our friend the Moon, la Luna. These elements together trigger the across-the-board flood of waters of the lagoon in Venice. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.310187339782715, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Acqua Alta has nothing to do with “the sinking” of Venice, which certainly is existent but in the amount of less than a millimeter a year. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.403138160705566, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "From Venice With Love,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313261032104492, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "IS THIS PLACE IN VENICE AFFECTED BY A TERRIBLE CURSE ?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.517464637756348, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Is this place in Venice affected by a terrible curse?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.517464637756348, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Like this one from my own Venice.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.29047679901123, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Cà Dario, is a house built between 1479 and 1487 for Giovanni Dario (a secretary of the Venetian Republic senate), and it is located in Dorsoduro on the beautiful Canal Canal Grande. It is often called “Bellezza Maledetta” “Cursed beauty”. In Venice they say that if you are inside you can feel some “inquietudine” anxiaty.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.35316276550293, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "What’s next? An American millionaire, relocated in Venice after the war because he was accused of being gay, killed himself. His lover had the same faith in Mexico.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.464433670043945, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "•  In the 1960s, an Italian tenor, Mario del Monaco, had a car accident (luckily, he survived) on his way to Venice to buy Cà Dario. After the accident, he refused to buy it.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.38127326965332, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "So if you are going to my Venice, since I cannot send you to my mom’s kitchen, I will suggest you to try these restaurants I love.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.545655250549316, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "But amongst the most famous Carnivals in Italy and I dare to say also around the world, is for sure the Carnival of my own Venice. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.457832336425781, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "I heard the first official document in which the Venice’s Carnival was declared a public holiday dates back to 1296. Crazy that we still celebrate this amazing tradition.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.441184043884277, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "During the Carnival, which attracts more than 1 million visitors a year, Venice boasts with history, colors, quirky masks and thousand of people flocking on the streets. The thing I love the most of this festivity is the creativity of the artists: Venetian masks can be made of many materials like porcelain or leather and it’s incredible how they never repeat themselves. Some masks have also names based on their styles. Bauta, Colombina and The Plague Doctor to name a few.  I think this last one is a little bit scary…", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.271143913269043, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "If you’re in Venice in January, the Flight of The Angel will be held on Sunday 31 at 12:00 pm in Piazza San Marco. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.478012084960938, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "WHERE TO STAY IN VENICE AND LIVE LIKE A VENETIAN.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.4671049118042, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Where to stay in Venice and live like a Venetian.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.4671049118042, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "2014 was a wonderful year and it looks like 2015 will be an even more adventurous and exciting one. Today’s BLOG is dedicated to my own beautiful Venice. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.462442398071289, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "If you are planning to visit Venice you are of course looking for a nice place to stay. Most people know the names of some of the fancy hotels as they are the places were the movie stars stay, but there are also some very nice smaller hotels. There is also a large selection of very nice and often very affordable apartments that are for rent.  To stay in these little apartaments will for sure give you a different feel of Venice. You’ll be feeling like a real Venetian and living like one.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.45670223236084, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "In October 2014 I was in m own Venice where I filmed a part of my television special “From Venice With Love”. We had such an awesome time and we were lucky with the weather. No one single day of rain and sunshine everyday !", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.399858474731445, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Today I want to share with you where my crew and I stayed in Venice while filming.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.516585350036621, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "My director and his assistant, the Dutch crew, stayed at the apartment of my friend Chantal Fresco; the Ca’ 5393, situated in the historical center of Venice. She has three apartments that she rents out. They are all in the same building, between Fondamente Nove and Rialto. My director and his assistant stayed in the Orange apartment, which can accommodate up to 4 people. It has an independent entrance at the ground floor, which came handy as they had a lot of equipment that they had to bring in an out every day. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.435253143310547, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "My parents have a house just outside Venice where I also still have my own apartment. But for the filming it was more practical to stay in the old center of Venice. Cristina’s apartment is walking distance from the train station, in the Cannaregio area. It’s a beautiful new renovated apartment in a building that was originally a factory. It can accommodated 6 people, has 2 bedrooms and two bathrooms. It has a beautiful kitchen with all new appliances. The apartment has also Wi-Fi and is close to the fruit, vegetable and fish market and every thing you need like coffee bars, restaurants, bakeries, supermarkets, shops. Cristina and her husband Marco have been an enormous help with the filming that we did in Venice. Without their great support we would have never been able to do what we have accomplished for my television special. I’m so grateful to them. We actually made Marco the official\" location coordinator \" as he really was bringing us around Venice with his boat, helped with many little details of the filming in Venice. Sometimes you need to be lucky in life, and I feel so blessed to have met two friends like Marco and Cristina.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.347660064697266, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "In my next blog I will tell you about some good places to eat while in Venice.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.418290138244629, "source": "search", "title": "Giada's Venice" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice, Italy 11/12 | saelon", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.4693021774292, "source": "search", "title": "Venice, Italy 11/12 | saelon" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice, Italy 11/12", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.422520637512207, "source": "search", "title": "Venice, Italy 11/12 | saelon" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "while I was in Venice, I just walked and walked and suddenly I came upon this incredible book store. I just love bookstores and this guy had quite a unique selection.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.390548706054688, "source": "search", "title": "Venice, Italy 11/12 | saelon" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "There are no porters or taxi’s in Venice.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.374540328979492, "source": "search", "title": "Venice, Italy 11/12 | saelon" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice (post-tour) - The Heart of Italy 2014", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.425227165222168, "source": "search", "title": "Venice (post-tour) - The Heart of Italy 2014" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "         Off To Venice", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.41584587097168, "source": "search", "title": "Venice (post-tour) - The Heart of Italy 2014" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "As newly minted independent travelers we say our final goodbyes at breakfast and leave our wonderful tower and new friends for the Santa Maria Novella train station. We quickly found the Italo lounge and waited for our train to Venice. Before long we're zipping through the lush green countryside enjoying the calm, quiet, high speed travel. Time to relax, recharge, and regroup.  After our experiences over the past few days we're confident and eager to take on Venice. Other than our hotel reservations, we made no other plans and decided to just wing it and see how it goes.  ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.42013931274414, "source": "search", "title": "Venice (post-tour) - The Heart of Italy 2014" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice & the Grand Canal", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.373881340026855, "source": "search", "title": "Venice (post-tour) - The Heart of Italy 2014" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Did you know?  These four guys, the Tetrarchs, dating from around 300 AD, represent the four co-emperors ruling the vast Roman Empire during that time.  They were nabbed from Constantinople in 1207 during the Crusades, brought to Venice, and attached to the exterior corner of St. Mark's, all except for one foot that was left behind.  That foot was found 753 years later in 1960 and is now on display in Istanbul. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.3626708984375, "source": "search", "title": "Venice (post-tour) - The Heart of Italy 2014" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Winging it in Venice", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.36199951171875, "source": "search", "title": "Venice (post-tour) - The Heart of Italy 2014" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "The rest of the day was spent wandering the narrow streets of Venice trying to  keep from getting lost  by stopping briefly at each twist and turn to memorize the street names and storefront landmarks that would take us back to our hotel. The signs posted along the way giving directions to the various Venetian landmarks turned out to be very helpful. Venice, ironically, is the one place where getting lost is almost guaranteed. How we managed to find our way around is nothing short of amazing, considering our Roman misadventures. We covered the area near St. Mark's Square and walked along the waterfront admiring the artists painting those iconic Venetian landscapes.  ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.325162887573242, "source": "search", "title": "Venice (post-tour) - The Heart of Italy 2014" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice.....1972 or 2014??? You guess", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.412752151489258, "source": "search", "title": "Venice (post-tour) - The Heart of Italy 2014" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice and its aphorisms", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.40856647491455, "source": "search", "title": "Venice and its aphorisms - Hotel Venice Mestre Aaron Hotel ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "First appointment with Venice and its aphorisms.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.404314994812012, "source": "search", "title": "Venice and its aphorisms - Hotel Venice Mestre Aaron Hotel ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "“Venice, half fish, half woman, is a siren dissolving into a morass of the Adriatic.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.406682014465332, "source": "search", "title": "Venice and its aphorisms - Hotel Venice Mestre Aaron Hotel ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "“When I seek another word for ‘music’, I always find only the word Venice.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.491637229919434, "source": "search", "title": "Venice and its aphorisms - Hotel Venice Mestre Aaron Hotel ..." }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice Winter Impressionism", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.38800048828125, "source": "search", "title": "Venice Winter Impressionism - Adobe Slate" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "The magic of Venice´s canals", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.430295944213867, "source": "search", "title": "Venice Winter Impressionism - Adobe Slate" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "Venice in silence", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.393033981323242, "source": "search", "title": "Venice Winter Impressionism - Adobe Slate" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "In the heart of Venice: Piazza San Marco", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.327219009399414, "source": "search", "title": "Venice Winter Impressionism - Adobe Slate" }, { "answer": "Venice", "passage": "VENICE WINTER IMPRESSIONISM ON THE WALL", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.336122512817383, "source": "search", "title": "Venice Winter Impressionism - Adobe Slate" } ]

[ { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Groupe Eurotunnel SE manages and operates the Channel Tunnel between Britain and France including the vehicle shuttle services, and earns revenue on other trains (DB Schenker freight and Eurostar passenger) through the tunnel. It is listed on both the Euronext London and Euronext Paris markets, and was listed on the London Stock Exchange until 19 July 2012. The company is based in Paris.", "precise_score": 1.0815545320510864, "rough_score": 3.629669189453125, "source": "wiki", "title": "Eurotunnel" }, { "answer": "The Chunnel", "passage": "Also Known As: The Chunnel, the Euro Tunnel", "precise_score": 0.08887697756290436, "rough_score": -1.9376857280731201, "source": "search", "title": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Another possible controversial issue for those annoyed by mobile phone use on trains is the decision, announced by Eurotunnel in March 2012, to install a mobile telephone service in the Channel Tunnel for the 2012 Olympic Games.", "precise_score": -3.691289186477661, "rough_score": -1.282303810119629, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - politics.co.uk" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Eurotunnel, in partnership with the French mobile operators (Bouygues Telecom, Orange SFR and Free),will install a 2G (GSM 900,DCS1800) and 3G (UMTS 2100) GSM-P telephone system which will allow Le Shuttle and high speed passenger train customers to use their mobile telephones inside the Channel Tunnel.", "precise_score": -0.36766645312309265, "rough_score": 0.23627637326717377, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - politics.co.uk" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Eurotunnel says 37,000 migrants have tried to cross through the Channel Tunnel this year", "precise_score": -2.5942420959472656, "rough_score": -1.5277951955795288, "source": "search", "title": "3,500 migrants try to enter Channel Tunnel in France - CNN.com" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "On Tuesday night, 1,500 migrants tried to enter the Channel Tunnel, operator Eurotunnel said. It said its teams found a corpse, which French state radio said is the body of a Sudanese migrant.", "precise_score": -0.5409197211265564, "rough_score": 0.13484923541545868, "source": "search", "title": "3,500 migrants try to enter Channel Tunnel in France - CNN.com" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "And overnight Monday, 2,000 migrants tried to enter the Channel Tunnel through the French terminal near Calais, Eurotunnel said.", "precise_score": -2.8308374881744385, "rough_score": -0.961714506149292, "source": "search", "title": "3,500 migrants try to enter Channel Tunnel in France - CNN.com" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "The Channel Tunnel ( French : le tunnel sous la Manche), also known as Chunnel or Eurotunnel is a 50.450 km (31.35 mi) long rail tunnel beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover, connecting Folkestone, Kent in England () to Coquelles near Calais in northern France (). The \"tunnel\" consists of three separate tunnels; two 7.6m diameter single track, single direction rail tunnels which are 30m apart and one 4.8m diameter service tunnel between them.", "precise_score": 6.497394561767578, "rough_score": 5.602725982666016, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - McGill School Of Computer Science" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "In 2005, 8.2 million passengers travelled through the tunnel on Eurostar while in the same year Eurotunnel carried 2,047,166 cars, 1,308,786 trucks and 77,267 coaches on its shuttle trains. Rail freight carried through the Channel Tunnel in 2005 was 1.6 million tonnes.", "precise_score": -2.0003108978271484, "rough_score": -2.290966033935547, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - McGill School Of Computer Science" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Eurotunnel Shuttle (also known as Le Shuttle) is a shuttle service between Calais/Coquelles in France and Folkestone in the UK. It transfers road vehicles through the Channel Tunnel, with passenger vehicles being carried in closed wagons. Roughly half of the train carries cars and other relativly low vehicles in a double-deck system, with the first and last two carriages of the section containing the off-ramps. Coaches, buses and other high vehicles travel in the single deck section, whilst in times of overcrowding cars can also use this area. Budget cuts have meant that Eurotunnel occasionaly run trains at 'half full' - closing the top deck to minimise cost.", "precise_score": 6.280790328979492, "rough_score": 8.12490177154541, "source": "search", "title": "Hotels accommodation near Eurotunnel Shuttle - Hotels UK" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "It is not possible to drive a car or motorcycle through the Chunnel. Motorists and motorcyclists must use the car train service, whereby you drive your car or motorbike onto the Euro Shuttle train, which then takes you through the Chunnel. There's no need to get out of your car, and the journey is over in just 35 minutes. Eurotunnel trains operate from the Channel Tunnel terminals at Folkestone and Calais. These trains carry cars, coaches, motorbikes, lorries and bicycles through the Chunnel. Prices start at just �49 for a single trip with a car. If you are taking your car and prefer to take the Chunnel rather than a ferry, then see our booking form here", "precise_score": -3.039750576019287, "rough_score": -3.426222324371338, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "The Chunnel", "passage": "Fares for the Chunnel trains operated by Eurotunnel usually start from around �49 for a single trip with a car. Prices are per car, not per passenger. So you can take all the family and luggage you need for a long trip without paying any extra fee, so long as it all fits legally in your vehicle. Chunnel fares for cars are comparable to the ferry Channel crossing fares, available from P & O ferries , DFDS and MyFerryLink , which start at around �35 per car. But always look out for special offers and deals from the ferry companies. To find the cheapest deals, book well in advance, and also try to travel at off-peak times. Click here to book for Eurotunnel...", "precise_score": -2.7485580444335938, "rough_score": -3.5054538249969482, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "The Chunnel", "passage": "There are 2 types of trains running through the Chunnel - Eurostar and Eurotunnel trains.", "precise_score": -2.852342367172241, "rough_score": -3.632996082305908, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "The Chunnel", "passage": "Eurotunnel Trains through the Chunnel", "precise_score": -1.0479252338409424, "rough_score": 2.241549253463745, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "The Chunnel", "passage": "The other trains using the Chunnel link are operated by Eurotunnel. These trains run between Folkestone and Calais. The Chunnel Trains, sometimes called Euro Shuttle Trains, or just Le Shuttle, are built to carry cars, motorbikes, and a range of other road vehicles. The Chunnel trains are the fastest way to make a Channel crossing. Eurotunnel journey times are only 35 minutes (a ferry typically takes around 90 minutes). Click here for booking and prices for the Eurotunnel trains...", "precise_score": 1.077460527420044, "rough_score": 0.6351088285446167, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "The Chunnel", "passage": "The Euro Shuttle trains are also known as \"car trains\". Boarding with your car on these Chunnel trains is very straightforward - it's as simple as \"drive on drive off\". You drive your car onto the Chunnel train rather like you would drive onto a ferry. Once your car is safely on board, you can sit in your car or take a quick stroll (or visit the Chunnel train toilets). Once the Chunnel train reaches Calais, disembarking is just as easy, and the main French road network is almost directly at the Calais Chunnel terminal. The Chunnel terminals at Calais in France and Folkestone in UK are modern and efficient. It is easy to drive to and from either by car. The Folkestone terminal is on the M20 motorway, and Calais is very close to the French A16 Motorway.", "precise_score": -0.8255763053894043, "rough_score": -2.6054718494415283, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "The Chunnel", "passage": "Local media reported that the trespassers were migrants attempting to cross into the United Kingdom through the Eurotunnel, also known as the Chunnel. So far this year, thousands of refugees have attempted to make the dangerous crossing.", "precise_score": 5.984222888946533, "rough_score": 5.781764984130859, "source": "search", "title": "Hundreds of Eurostar passengers stranded by migrants ..." }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.509448051452637, "source": "search", "title": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "What Is the Channel Tunnel?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.46876049041748, "source": "search", "title": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "The Channel Tunnel, often called the Chunnel, is a railway tunnel that lies underneath the water of the English Channel and connects the island of Great Britain with mainland France. The Channel Tunnel , completed in 1994, is considered one of the most amazing engineering feats of the 20th century.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.165304183959961, "source": "search", "title": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Overview of the Channel Tunnel:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.489108085632324, "source": "search", "title": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Over the next two centuries, others created plans to connect Great Britain with France. Despite progress made on a number of these plans, including actual drilling, they all eventually fell through. Sometimes the reason was political discord, other times is was financial problems. Still other times it was Britain's fear of invasion. All of these factors had to be solved before the Channel Tunnel could be built.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.365306854248047, "source": "search", "title": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Ten proposals were submitted, including various tunnels and bridges. Some of the proposals were so outlandish in design that they were easily dismissed; others would be so expensive that they were unlikely to ever be completed. The proposal that was accepted was the plan for the Channel Tunnel, submitted by the Balfour Beatty Construction Company (this later became Transmanche Link).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.452856063842773, "source": "search", "title": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "The Design for the Channel Tunnels", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.58289623260498, "source": "search", "title": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "The Channel Tunnel was to be made up of two, parallel railway tunnels that would be dug under the English Channel. Between these two railway tunnels would run a third, smaller tunnel that would be used for maintenance, including drainage pipes, communication cables, drainage pipes, etc.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.508848190307617, "source": "search", "title": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Each of the trains that would run through the Chunnel would be able to hold cars and trucks. This would enable personal vehicles to go through the Channel Tunnel without having individual drivers face such a long, underground drive.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.542427062988281, "source": "search", "title": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Just getting started on the Channel Tunnel was a monumental task. Funds had to be raised (over 50 large banks gave loans), experienced engineers had to be found, 13,000 skilled and unskilled workers had to be hired and housed, and special tunnel boring machines had to be designed and built.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.50153923034668, "source": "search", "title": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Building the Channel Tunnel", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.563761711120605, "source": "search", "title": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "The digging of the Channel Tunnel began simultaneously from the British and the French coasts, with the finished tunnel meeting in the middle. On the British side, the digging began near Shakespeare Cliff outside of Dover; the French side began near the village of Sangatte.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.50865650177002, "source": "search", "title": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "One of the most difficult tasks on the Channel Tunnel project was making sure that both the British side of the tunnel and the French side actually met up in the middle. Special lasers and surveying equipment was used; however, with such a large project, no one was sure it would actually work.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.4906587600708, "source": "search", "title": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Finishing the Channel Tunnel", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.54930591583252, "source": "search", "title": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Although the meeting of the two sides of the service tunnel was a cause of great celebration, it certainly wasn't the end of the Channel Tunnel building project.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.558794975280762, "source": "search", "title": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed" }, { "answer": "The Chunnel", "passage": "That too wasn't the end of the Chunnel construction . Crossover tunnels, land tunnels from the coast to the terminals, piston relief ducts, electrical systems, fireproof doors, the ventilation system, and train tracks all had to be added. Also, large train terminals had to be built at Folkestone in Great Britain and Coquelles in France.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.410419464111328, "source": "search", "title": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "The Channel Tunnel Opens", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.543682098388672, "source": "search", "title": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "On December 10, 1993, the first test run was completed through the entire Channel Tunnel. After additional fine tuning, the Channel Tunnel officially opened on May 6, 1994.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.581735610961914, "source": "search", "title": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "After six years of construction and $15 billion spent (some sources say upwards of $21 billion), the Channel Tunnel was finally complete.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.586409568786621, "source": "search", "title": "How the Channel Tunnel Was Built and Designed" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Channel Tunnel", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.544990539550781, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - politics.co.uk" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Channel Tunnel", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.544990539550781, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - politics.co.uk" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Channel Tunnel", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.544990539550781, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - politics.co.uk" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "What is the Channel Tunnel?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.46876049041748, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - politics.co.uk" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "The Channel Tunnel, also known as 'Euro-tunnel' (or 'Chunnel'), is a series of three tunnels (two carrying, one service tunnel) linking the southern coast of England near Folkestone to the northern coast of France outside Calais.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.722766160964966, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - politics.co.uk" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "The idea of a Channel Tunnel was first explored by French mining engineer, Albert Mathieu, who formulated early designs for Napoleon in 1802.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.504075050354004, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - politics.co.uk" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "The Channel Tunnel also highlighted the shortcomings of the British rail network: Eurostar trains were able to run at speeds of up to 186 mph in France, but they had to travel much more slowly on English rail tracks. The Government authorised a Channel Tunnel Rail Link project to overcome this problem, which in turn attracted widespread controversy over the route to be followed.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.52039909362793, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - politics.co.uk" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "In July 2003, a Eurostar train broke the record for the fastest train in the UK, reaching 208 mph during safety testing of Section One of the new Channel Tunnel Rail Link. This section was completed ahead of schedule in December 2003.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.207737922668457, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - politics.co.uk" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "However, plans to extend the routes followed by trains using the Channel Tunnel have been slow to get off the ground.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.595659255981445, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - politics.co.uk" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "More recently, the reputation of Eurostar trains was tarnished somewhat in December 2009 when five trains travelling to the UK from Brussels, Paris and Marne-la-Vallée (Disneyland Paris) broke down in the Channel Tunnel. Over 2000 passengers, including babies and children, were trapped for several hours without food, water, or any information about what was happening.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.612577438354492, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - politics.co.uk" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "The report made 21 recommendations in three key areas: train reliability; evacuation and rescue; and managing disruption and improving communication. The recommendations should be taken on board and implemented principally by Eurostar, and where relevant by Eurotunnel, or by Eurostar, the report said. Those of a safety nature would need to be monitored ultimately by the Channel Tunnel Intergovernmental Commission.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.26489782333374, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - politics.co.uk" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Offering a wi-fi service 100 metres below sea level, to the almost 20 million customers who travel through the 53km of the Channel Tunnel every year is a world first.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.549787521362305, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - politics.co.uk" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "3,500 migrants try to enter Channel Tunnel in France - CNN.com", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.601375579833984, "source": "search", "title": "3,500 migrants try to enter Channel Tunnel in France - CNN.com" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "In just the past two days, 3,500 migrants have tried to cross the Channel Tunnel between France and the United Kingdom -- a dangerous breach that has paralyzed traffic and resulted in at least one death, officials said.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.521870613098145, "source": "search", "title": "3,500 migrants try to enter Channel Tunnel in France - CNN.com" }, { "answer": "The Chunnel", "passage": "The tunnel, also known as the Chunnel, runs 50 kilometers (31 miles) from a point near Calais, in northern France, to Folkestone, in southeastern England.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.552227973937988, "source": "search", "title": "3,500 migrants try to enter Channel Tunnel in France - CNN.com" }, { "answer": "The Chunnel", "passage": "Since her death, Pas de Calais administrator Fabienne Buccio announced new safety measures involving the Chunnel.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.955192565917969, "source": "search", "title": "3,500 migrants try to enter Channel Tunnel in France - CNN.com" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Channel Tunnel", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.544990539550781, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - McGill School Of Computer Science" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Channel Tunnel", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.544990539550781, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - McGill School Of Computer Science" }, { "answer": "Tunnel sous la Manche", "passage": "Le tunnel sous la Manche", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.584674835205078, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - McGill School Of Computer Science" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Map of the Channel Tunnel", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.566376686096191, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - McGill School Of Computer Science" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "It was a megaproject with several false starts, but it was finally completed in 1994. It is the second-longest rail tunnel in the world, with the Seikan Tunnel in Japan being longer, but the undersea section of the Channel Tunnel, at 37.9 km (23.55 mi), is the longest undersea tunnel in the world. The American Society of Civil Engineers has declared the tunnel to be one of the Seven Wonders of the Modern World.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.390222549438477, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - McGill School Of Computer Science" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Work begins by SER on Channel Tunnel; again insufficient funds. Submarine Continental Railway Company set up.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.591875076293945, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - McGill School Of Computer Science" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "1882 Rival Channel Tunnel Company causes a rift in proceedings; adverse comments by media and an influential group (including Robert Browning and Alfred Lord Tennyson). Eventually work was halted by the Board of Trade because of military objections: the ease with which invaders could attack from the Continent was cited.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.50336742401123, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - McGill School Of Computer Science" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "1955 Britain ceases its opposition to a Channel Tunnel on military grounds.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.569692611694336, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - McGill School Of Computer Science" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "In 1957 the Tunnel sous la Manche Study Group was formed. It reported in 1960 and recommended two main railway tunnels and a smaller service tunnel. The project was launched in 1973 but folded due to financial problems in 1975 after the construction of a 250 m (820 ft) test tunnel. According to Secretary of State for the Environment Anthony Crosland the immediate reason was that the two Channel Tunnel companies had given notice of abandonment to the Government because of excessive cost.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.482935905456543, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - McGill School Of Computer Science" }, { "answer": "Fixed Link Treaty", "passage": "In 1984 the idea was relaunched with a joint British and French government request for proposals to build a privately-funded link. There were four proposals: two rail tunnels, a road tunnel and a bridge. Of the four submissions received, the one most closely resembling the 1973 plan was chosen, and announced on 20 January 1986 . The Franco-British Channel Fixed Link Treaty was signed by the two governments in Canterbury , Kent on 12 February 1986 and ratified in 1987.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.147220611572266, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - McGill School Of Computer Science" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "In all, eleven TBMs were used on the Channel tunnel:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.550810813903809, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - McGill School Of Computer Science" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Opening of the Channel Tunnel by Queen Elizabeth II and French President François Mitterrand.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.526899337768555, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - McGill School Of Computer Science" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "The main rail tunnels met on May 22, 1991 and on June 28, 1991 , each accompanied by a breakthrough ceremony. When each pair of TBMs met, the French TBM was dismantled while the British one was diverted into the rock, concreted in place, and abandoned. The next few years were spent refining, equipping, and finishing the tunnels. In 1994 the Channel Tunnel was considered completed. The tunnel was officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II and French President François Mitterrand in a ceremony held in Calais on 6 May 1994 . The Queen travelled through the tunnel to Calais on a Eurostar train which stopped nose to nose with the train which carried President Mitterrand from Paris. Following the ceremony President Mitterrand and the Queen travelled on Le Shuttle to a similar ceremony in Folkestone.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.69157886505127, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - McGill School Of Computer Science" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "The Channel Tunnel exhibit at the National Railway Museum in York , England . The exhibit shows a cross section of the Channel Tunnel and a Eurostar train.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.23141860961914, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - McGill School Of Computer Science" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "The Channel Tunnel is 50.450 km (31.35 miles) long, of which 37.9 km (23.55 miles) are undersea. The average depth is 45.7 m (150 ft) underneath the seabed, and the deepest is 60 m (197 ft). It opened for business in late 1994, offering three principal services: a shuttle for vehicles, Eurostar passenger service linking London primarily with Paris and Brussels , and freight trains.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.99837589263916, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - McGill School Of Computer Science" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Passenger travel through the Channel Tunnel increased by 15% in 2004 and 2.4% in 2005 up to 7.45 million. Travel is expected to continue to increase with the opening of High Speed 1 to London.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.587240219116211, "source": "search", "title": "Channel Tunnel - McGill School Of Computer Science" }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "The Channel Tunnel (a.k.a. the ‘Chunnel’) is a 31-mile, under-the-sea rail tunnel. Located 250ft (at its deepest point) underneath the English Channel, the ‘Chunnel’ (hey, that’s fun to say!) links Folkestone, Kent in the U.K. with Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais in France—making the tunnel one of the longest ones (with an undersea section) in the world. But what passes through the super-cool Channel Tunnel? Mainly passenger and freight trains like Eurostar, Eurotunnel Shuttle (vehicle transport)…", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.475663661956787, "source": "search", "title": "Eurotunnel on Pinterest | The Channel Tunnel, Frances O ..." }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel Tunnel trains", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.592610359191895, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "Chunnel", "passage": "Chunnel", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.462190628051758, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "The Chunnel", "passage": "Chunnel - take The Chunnel from England to France", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.52387809753418, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "Chunnel is the short name often used for the Channel Tunnel. The Chunnel runs from Folkestone in the south of England, to Calais in northern France.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.323256492614746, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "The Chunnel", "passage": "Using the Chunnel", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.489591598510742, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "The Chunnel", "passage": "The Chunnel can be used by anyone wanting to cross the Channel quickly and easily. Chunnel crossings are operated by 2 companies - Eurotunnel and Eurostar.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.173730850219727, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "Chunnel", "passage": "Chunnel Crossing by Car or Motorbike", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.512357711791992, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "Chunnel", "passage": "Chunnel Crossing as a Passenger", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.5646333694458, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "The Chunnel", "passage": "Eurostar operate the passenger trains the run from London St Pancras, Ashford and Ebbsfleet in England, throught the Chunnel, and then direct to Paris, Brussels, Lille or Eurodisney and beyond. Eurostar services are for passengers (and luggage) only, and are not for motorists. Prices start from around �69 per person for a return ticket. Tickets can be bought through Voyages SNCF, the official distribution channel of the French railways. Click here for prices and booking for Eurostar...", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.522085189819336, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "Chunnel", "passage": "Chunnel Prices", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.564464569091797, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "Chunnel", "passage": "Chunnel Train Prices - find the best deals", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.608412742614746, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "The Chunnel", "passage": "To make sure you find the best deals for the Chunnel, compare all prices for both Chunnel trains and ferries here . For the passenger train services (without the car) see our page on Eurostar here .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.43970775604248, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "The Chunnel", "passage": "Travel Through the Chunnel", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.553089141845703, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "Channel tunnel", "passage": "The Chunnel is the link between England and France. It is a tunnel under the English Channel, where trains carry passengers, cars, motorbikes, coaches etc through the Channel Tunnel. Cars can not be driven through the Chunnel.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.255417823791504, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "The Chunnel", "passage": "Eurostar Trains through the Chunnel", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.136223793029785, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." }, { "answer": "The Chunnel", "passage": "Always book in advance to get the best deals for the Chunnel trains. Click here to book Chunnel trains...", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.595870018005371, "source": "search", "title": "Chunnel - trains, tickets, fares, booking for Channel ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Edward VII", "passage": "Victoria's son, Edward VII, became the first monarch of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in 1901. In 1917, the next monarch, George V, changed \"Saxe-Coburg and Gotha\" to \"Windsor\" in response to the anti-German sympathies aroused by the First World War. George V's reign was marked by the separation of Ireland into Northern Ireland, which remained a part of the United Kingdom, and the Irish Free State, an independent nation, in 1922. ", "precise_score": -2.792912244796753, "rough_score": -2.091796875, "source": "wiki", "title": "Monarchy of the United Kingdom" }, { "answer": "Edward VII", "passage": "George V's death in 1936 was followed by the accession of Edward VIII, who caused a public scandal by announcing his desire to marry the divorced American Wallis Simpson, even though the Church of England opposed the remarriage of divorcées. Accordingly, Edward announced his intention to abdicate; the Parliaments of the United Kingdom and of other Commonwealth countries granted his request. Edward VIII and any children by his new wife were excluded from the line of succession, and the Crown went to his brother, George VI. George served as a rallying figure for the British people during World War II, making morale-boosting visits to the troops as well as to munitions factories and to areas bombed by Nazi Germany. In June 1948 George VI relinquished the title Emperor of India, although remaining head of state of the Dominion of India. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.873136520385742, "source": "wiki", "title": "Monarchy of the United Kingdom" }, { "answer": "Edward VII", "passage": "After an individual ascends the throne, he or she reigns until death. The only voluntary abdication, that of Edward VIII, had to be authorised by a special Act of Parliament, His Majesty's Declaration of Abdication Act 1936. The last monarch involuntarily removed from power was James VII and II, who fled into exile in 1688 during the Glorious Revolution.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.479292869567871, "source": "wiki", "title": "Monarchy of the United Kingdom" }, { "answer": "Edward VII", "passage": "The Sovereign is known as \"His Majesty\" or \"Her Majesty\". The form \"Britannic Majesty\" appears in international treaties and on passports to differentiate the British monarch from foreign rulers. The monarch chooses his or her regnal name, not necessarily his or her first name – King George VI, King Edward VII and Queen Victoria did not use their first names.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.474638938903809, "source": "wiki", "title": "Monarchy of the United Kingdom" }, { "answer": "Edward VII", "passage": "Seal of Edward VII. Credit: The National Archives, ref. HO125/5.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.506735801696777, "source": "search", "title": "Royal Styles and Titles in England and Great Britain" } ]

[ { "answer": "Boulogne", "passage": "After transferring the Boulogne route to Folkestone, Hoverspeed used Hoverspeed Great Britain and kept the hovercraft at Dover. In 2000 the Hoverspeed service ended and in 2001 the port at Folkestone closed to all ferry traffic after the termination of the Falcon Marfreight service.", "precise_score": 2.873631477355957, "rough_score": 1.959629774093628, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hoverspeed" }, { "answer": "Boulogne", "passage": "Operated for Hoverspeed in 1992 on the Folkestone - Boulogne route and in 1993 on Dover - Calais along with the Folkestone service. Renamed Seacat Calais in mid-1993 before being chartered out in late 1993. She returned to Hoverspeed in 1999 and ran on the Dover-Calais service. In 2000 she moved to the SNAV/Sea Containers Ltd joint venture as Croazia Jet before again returning to Hoverspeed in 2002 as Seacat France. She was chartered by Emeraude Ferries as Emeraude France for two months in 2005. She was sold to an unknown buyer for a reported US $2 million in February 2007 though has not yet departed her Tilbury lay-up. She was found to be sold to Maritime Charter Sales of Douglas, Isle of Man. She is to be used on the Isle of Man Steam Packet's routes starting Monday 12 March 2007.", "precise_score": 1.8519363403320312, "rough_score": 3.022521734237671, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hoverspeed" }, { "answer": "Boulogne", "passage": "Since the closure of Hoverspeed in 2005, the Dover Hoverport had remained unused until SpeedFerries moved to the site from the Eastern Docks. They operated from the hoverport to Boulogne from Easter 2007 until November 2008 when SpeedFerries went into administration and their services ceased. The hoverport site then lay abandoned for the second time in its thirty-year history until demolition of the site began in May 2009 in preparation for the redevelopment of the Western Docks and a new Cruise Terminal. Except Calais hoverport (which itself remains abandoned and subject to demolition), all the cross Channel hoverports have now been lost.", "precise_score": 1.4300999641418457, "rough_score": 0.718718945980072, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hoverspeed" }, { "answer": "Boulogne", "passage": ";Dover - Boulogne-sur-Mer (1968–1993) Hovercraft and Seacat service.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.272317886352539, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hoverspeed" }, { "answer": "Boulogne", "passage": "The Dover-Boulogne route was opened in 1966 by Townsend Car Ferries using an SRN6 passenger-only hovercraft. In 1993 Hoverspeed closed the Dover-Boulogne route after deciding that the Hoverport at Le Portel (near Boulogne-sur-Mer) was no longer required, and the SeaCat operation moved to nearby Folkestone.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.045965313911438, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hoverspeed" }, { "answer": "Boulogne", "passage": ";Folkestone - Boulogne (1993–2000) Seacat service.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.617927551269531, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hoverspeed" }, { "answer": "Boulogne", "passage": "A SEDAM N500 hovercraft built for Seaspeed by SNCF. Transferred to Hoverspeed in 1983 after a number of modifications, but was returned to the SNCF later that year after Hoverspeed decided that she was not suitable for their services. Scrapped in 1985 at the Boulogne Hoverport.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.589001417160034, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hoverspeed" }, { "answer": "Boulogne", "passage": "Former holder of the Hales Trophy for fastest crossing of the Atlantic Ocean. initially entered service on Portsmouth – Cherbourg but transferred to Dover – Calais/Boulogne and later to Folkestone – Boulogne. Chartered to Emeraude Ferries in 2004 and was renamed Emeraude GB. In 2005 she was chartered to Aegean Speed Lines in Greece running from Piraeus (Athens) - Folegandros as Speedrunner 1.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.091201782226562, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hoverspeed" }, { "answer": "Boulogne", "passage": "Operated for Hoverspeed under several names, she was renamed Seacat Boulogne in 1993, transferred to the Isle of Man Steam Packet Company (IOMSPC) as Seacat Isle of Man in 1994 but returned under that name to Hoverspeed in 1996 and 1997. In 1996 renamed Seacat Norge and chartered to ColorSeacat, a joint venture between Sea Containers Ltd and Color Line. Renamed Seacat Isle of Man again in 1997 and had her final season with Hoverspeed on the Dover - Calais route in 1998 before returning to IOMSPC as Seacat Isle of Man. In 2005 she was chartered to Irish Sea Express and renamed Sea Express 1 for the duration. The charter ended later that year and she reverted to Steam Packet service. On February 3, 2007 she collided with the Alaska Rainbow in thick fog off in the River Mersey, sustaining severe damage to her Starboard hull. Over 2007 she was laid up and latterly repaired. She was renamed Snaefell in December 2007 and prepared for service in 2008 for the Steam Packet.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.337803840637207, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hoverspeed" }, { "answer": "Boulogne", "passage": "Was renamed Hoverspeed Boulogne before entering service in 1992. In 1993 she was transferred to Sea Containers Ltd route from Frederikshavn to Göteborg as Seacatamaran Danmark, this was shortened to Seacat Danmark in 1994. Up to 1997 she provided overhall cover on various Hoverspeed and Sea Containers Ltd ferry routes but remained on Dover - Calais between 2000 and 2003. She was transferred to SNAV in a joint venture with Sea Containers Ltd initially as Pescara Jet but is now named Zara Jet.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.7162059545516968, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hoverspeed" }, { "answer": "Boulogne", "passage": "Folkstone-Boulogne. The Seacat Great Britain covers this route in 55 minutes. (In 1990, the Great Britain captured the Hales Trophy for the fastest transatlantic sea crossing with a time of 3 days 7 hours 57 minutes. The previous record, set by the S.S. United States, had been unbeaten since 1952.)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.017963409423828, "source": "search", "title": "Hoverspeed Fast Ferries - Europe for Visitors" }, { "answer": "Boulogne", "passage": "British Rail opened the extraordinary first chapter in the evolution of the high speed car ferry when it ordered the world�s first ever vehicle and passenger carrying hovercraft from the factory of the British Hovercraft Corporation at Cowes, on the Isle of Wight. The subsidiary set up to operate the proposed fast ferry service between Dover and Boulogne was Seaspeed.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.373743772506714, "source": "search", "title": "Ferry Fantastic: S. R. N. 4 'Mountbatten Class' Hovercraft" }, { "answer": "Boulogne", "passage": "British Rail made history by introducing the first S. R. N. 4 'Mountbatten Class' car carrying hovercraft, The Princess Margaret in June of 1968. After extensive trials she took her inaugural commercial flight from the hoverport at Dover Eastern Docks to Boulogne on 1st August that year. There were inevitable �teething troubles� and adjustments were made to her skirt which was raised in height at her forward end. Pegwell Bay based rival, Hoverlloyd, took delivery of numbers 002 and 003 in the series, whilst 004 was ordered by Seaspeed for the 1969 season: She was named The Princess Anne and joined her sister at Dover where operations were expanded to include flights to Calais Hoverport. Initially it was expected that these hovercraft would only last five years as they were prototypes; the first car and passenger carrying hovercraft in the world. Ironically they were to become the only remaining such vessels in existence.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.031585693359375, "source": "search", "title": "Ferry Fantastic: S. R. N. 4 'Mountbatten Class' Hovercraft" }, { "answer": "Boulogne", "passage": "8.8.1969: The Princess Anne entered service Dover/Boulogne.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.81441879272461, "source": "search", "title": "Ferry Fantastic: S. R. N. 4 'Mountbatten Class' Hovercraft" } ]

[ { "answer": "England", "passage": "Angel of the North (1998) is another major work which is well-known and recognisable. This artwork will be the feature of the second art appreciation and art practice lessons as part of this unit of work. The sculpture is made of steel on a concrete base. The body of the angel is hollow, and is 10 times life-size, or 20 metres high. It is located near the A1 motorway near Gateshead, Tyne and Wear, England.", "precise_score": 5.499833106994629, "rough_score": 4.03656530380249, "source": "search", "title": "Angel of the North (1998) - Antony Gormley - A Unit of ..." }, { "answer": "England", "passage": "The Angel of the North is a contemporary sculpture, designed by Sir Antony Gormley, located near Gateshead in Tyne and Wear, England.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.5968864560127258, "source": "wiki", "title": "Angel of the North" }, { "answer": "England", "passage": "The Angel aroused some controversy in British newspapers, at first, including a \"Gateshead stop the statue\" campaign, while local councillor Martin Callanan was especially strong in his opposition. However, it has since been considered to be a landmark for North East England and has been listed by one organisation as an \"Icon of England\". It has often been used in film and television to represent Tyneside, as are other local landmarks such as the Tyne Bridge and the Gateshead Millennium Bridge.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.670467376708984, "source": "wiki", "title": "Angel of the North" }, { "answer": "England", "passage": "The Angel of the North is a steel sculpture of an angel with outstretched wings that stand 20 meters tall on top of a hill in Tyneside, outside Gateshead, in England, towering over the landscape and dwarfing all those who come to see it. The sculpture has a wingspan of 54 meters - greater than that of a Boeing 757, and has the ability to withstand winds of over 100 mph, thanks to its 200 ton weight. These superlative figures make the Angel of the North Britain's largest sculpture.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.785181999206543, "source": "search", "title": "The Angel of The North | Amusing Planet" }, { "answer": "England", "passage": "February 2008 marked the 10th anniversary of the Angel of the North. In that time it has become an icon of the north-east of England. What does the Angel mean to you?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.730682849884033, "source": "search", "title": "BBC - Tyne - Places - Ten years of the Angel" } ]

[ { "answer": "Züri", "passage": "Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation (, hence its abbreviation CH), is a federal republic in Europe. While still named the \"Swiss Confederation\" for historical reasons, modern Switzerland is a federal directorial republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities, called '\"federal city\" (, , ).According to the Swiss constitution there is intentionally no capital ruling the Swiss Confederation, but in Bern there are governmental institutions, such as the parliament and the Federal Council. The Federal Court, however, is situated in Lausanne. The Federal Court of Criminality is in Bellinzona. The Federal Court of Administration and the Federal Court of Patents are in St Gallen. The country is situated in Western and Central Europe,There are several definitions. See Geography of Switzerland#Western or Central Europe?. and is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland is a landlocked country geographically divided between the Alps, the Swiss Plateau and the Jura, spanning an area of 41285 km2. While the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, the Swiss population of approximately eight million people is concentrated mostly on the plateau, where the largest cities are to be found: among them are the two global and economic centers Zürich and Geneva.", "precise_score": 2.9436020851135254, "rough_score": 6.478068828582764, "source": "wiki", "title": "Switzerland" }, { "answer": "Zurich", "passage": "Switzerland is home to several large multinational corporations. The largest Swiss companies by revenue are Glencore, Gunvor, Nestlé, Novartis, Hoffmann-La Roche, ABB, Mercuria Energy Group and Adecco. Also, notable are UBS AG, Zurich Financial Services, Credit Suisse, Barry Callebaut, Swiss Re, Tetra Pak, The Swatch Group and Swiss International Air Lines. Switzerland is ranked as having one of the most powerful economies in the world.", "precise_score": 3.2397003173828125, "rough_score": 6.876489162445068, "source": "wiki", "title": "Switzerland" }, { "answer": "Züri", "passage": "Switzerland has a dense network of cities, where large, medium and small cities are complementary. The plateau is very densely populated with about 450 people per km2 and the landscape continually shows signs of human presence. The weight of the largest metropolitan areas, which are Zürich, Geneva–Lausanne, Basel and Bern tend to increase. In international comparison the importance of these urban areas is stronger than their number of inhabitants suggests. In addition the two main centers of Zürich and Geneva are recognized for their particularly great quality of life. ", "precise_score": 6.52544641494751, "rough_score": 6.797402858734131, "source": "wiki", "title": "Switzerland" }, { "answer": "Zurich", "passage": "Largest Cities: (by population) Zurich, Geneva, Basel, Bern, Lausanne", "precise_score": 8.111023902893066, "rough_score": 8.306756019592285, "source": "search", "title": "Switzerland Facts on Largest Cities, Populations, Symbols ..." }, { "answer": "Zurich", "passage": "Zurich :It is the largest city of Switzerland besides being a prominent banking destination. The nightlife of this city is fantastic as well.", "precise_score": 9.134077072143555, "rough_score": 8.61620044708252, "source": "search", "title": "Cities in Switzerland, Switzerland Cities - Maps of World" }, { "answer": "Züri", "passage": "Switzerland is one of the most developed countries in the world, with the highest nominal wealth per adult and the eighth-highest per capita gross domestic product according to the IMF. Switzerland ranks at or near the top globally in several metrics of national performance, including government transparency, civil liberties, quality of life, economic competitiveness, and human development. Zürich and Geneva have each been ranked among the top cities in the world in terms of quality of life, with the former ranked second globally, according to Mercer. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 6.339353561401367, "source": "wiki", "title": "Switzerland" }, { "answer": "Züri", "passage": "By 1353, the three original cantons had joined with the cantons of Glarus and Zug and the Lucerne, Zürich and Bern city states to form the \"Old Confederacy\" of eight states that existed until the end of the 15th century. The expansion led to increased power and wealth for the confederation. By 1460, the confederates controlled most of the territory south and west of the Rhine to the Alps and the Jura mountains, particularly after victories against the Habsburgs (Battle of Sempach, Battle of Näfels), over Charles the Bold of Burgundy during the 1470s, and the success of the Swiss mercenaries. The Swiss victory in the Swabian War against the Swabian League of Emperor Maximilian I in 1499 amounted to de facto independence within the Holy Roman Empire.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.536743640899658, "source": "wiki", "title": "Switzerland" }, { "answer": "Züri", "passage": "The restoration of power to the patriciate was only temporary. After a period of unrest with repeated violent clashes such as the Züriputsch of 1839, civil war (the Sonderbundskrieg) broke out in 1847 when some Catholic cantons tried to set up a separate alliance (the Sonderbund). The war lasted for less than a month, causing fewer than 100 casualties, most of which were through friendly fire. Yet however minor the Sonderbundskrieg appears compared with other European riots and wars in the 19th century, it nevertheless had a major impact on both the psychology and the society of the Swiss and of Switzerland.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.788215637207031, "source": "wiki", "title": "Switzerland" }, { "answer": "Züri", "passage": "During the war, the Swiss Air Force engaged aircraft of both sides, shooting down 11 intruding Luftwaffe planes in May and June 1940, then forcing down other intruders after a change of policy following threats from Germany. Over 100 Allied bombers and their crews were interned during the war. During 1944–45, Allied bombers mistakenly bombed a few places in Switzerland, among which were the cities of Schaffhausen, Basel and Zürich.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.189895629882812, "source": "wiki", "title": "Switzerland" }, { "answer": "Züri", "passage": "During the Cold War, Swiss authorities considered the construction of a Swiss nuclear bomb.[http://nuclearweaponarchive.org/Nwfaq/Nfaq7-4.html 7.4 States Formerly Possessing or Pursuing Nuclear Weapons] Retrieved 6 March 2014 Leading nuclear physicists at the Federal Institute of Technology Zürich such as Paul Scherrer made this a realistic possibility. However, financial problems with the defense budget prevented the substantial funds from being allocated, and the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty of 1968 was seen as a valid alternative. All remaining plans for building nuclear weapons were dropped by 1988. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.209068298339844, "source": "wiki", "title": "Switzerland" }, { "answer": "Züri", "passage": "The cantons have a permanent constitutional status and, in comparison with the situation in other countries, a high degree of independence. Under the Federal Constitution, all 26 cantons are equal in status. Each canton has its own constitution, and its own parliament, government and courts. However, there are considerable differences between the individual cantons, most particularly in terms of population and geographical area. Their populations vary between 15,000 (Appenzell Innerrhoden) and 1,253,500 (Zürich), and their area between 37 km2 (Basel-Stadt) and 7105 km2 (Graubünden). The Cantons comprise a total of 2,485 municipalities. Within Switzerland there are two enclaves: Büsingen belongs to Germany, Campione d'Italia belongs to Italy. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.711823463439941, "source": "wiki", "title": "Switzerland" }, { "answer": "Züri", "passage": "Furthermore, many sport federations and organisations are located throughout the country, such as the International Basketball Federation in Geneva, the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) in Nyon, the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA) and the International Ice Hockey Federation both in Zürich, the International Cycling Union in Aigle, and the International Olympic Committee in Lausanne. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.841598033905029, "source": "wiki", "title": "Switzerland" }, { "answer": "Zurich", "passage": "There are 12 universities in Switzerland, ten of which are maintained at cantonal level and usually offer a range of non-technical subjects. The first university in Switzerland was founded in 1460 in Basel (with a faculty of medicine) and has a tradition of chemical and medical research in Switzerland. The largest university in Switzerland is the University of Zurich with nearly 25,000 students.The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ) and the University of Zurich are listed 20th and 54th respectively, on the 2015 Academic Ranking of World Universities. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.9499711990356445, "source": "wiki", "title": "Switzerland" }, { "answer": "Zurich", "passage": "The two institutes sponsored by the federal government are the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ) in Zürich, founded 1855 and the EPFL in Lausanne, founded 1969 as such, which was formerly an institute associated with the University of Lausanne.In 2008, the ETH Zurich was ranked 15th in the field Natural Sciences and Mathematics by the Shanghai Academic Ranking of World Universities and the EPFL in Lausanne was ranked 18th in the field Engineering/Technology and Computer Sciences by the same ranking. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.571718692779541, "source": "wiki", "title": "Switzerland" }, { "answer": "Züri", "passage": "Swiss private-public managed road network is funded by road tolls and vehicle taxes. The Swiss autobahn/autoroute system requires the purchase of a vignette (toll sticker)—which costs 40 Swiss francs—for one calendar year in order to use its roadways, for both passenger cars and trucks. The Swiss autobahn/autoroute network has a total length of 1638 km (as of 2000) and has, by an area of 41290 km2, also one of the highest motorway densities in the world. Zürich Airport is Switzerland's largest international flight gateway, which handled 22.8 million passengers in 2012. The other international airports are Geneva Airport (13.9 million passengers in 2012), EuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg which is located in France, Bern Airport, Lugano Airport, St. Gallen-Altenrhein Airport and Sion Airport. Swiss International Air Lines is the flag carrier of Switzerland. Its main hub is Zürich.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.044314906001091, "source": "wiki", "title": "Switzerland" }, { "answer": "Züri", "passage": "The country was historically about evenly balanced between Catholic and Protestant, with a complex patchwork of majorities over most of the country. Geneva converted to Protestantism in 1536, just before John Calvin arrived there. One canton, Appenzell, was officially divided into Catholic and Protestant sections in 1597. The larger cities and their cantons (Bern, Geneva, Lausanne, Zürich and Basel) used to be predominantly Protestant. Central Switzerland, the Valais, the Ticino, Appenzell Innerrhodes, the Jura, and Fribourg are traditionally Catholic. The Swiss Constitution of 1848, under the recent impression of the clashes of Catholic vs. Protestant cantons that culminated in the Sonderbundskrieg, consciously defines a consociational state, allowing the peaceful co-existence of Catholics and Protestants. A 1980 initiative calling for the complete separation of church and state was rejected by 78.9% of the voters. Some traditionally Protestant cantons and cities nowadays have a slight Catholic majority, not because they were growing in members, quite the contrary, but only because since about 1970 a steadily growing minority became not affiliated with any church or other religious body (21.4% in Switzerland, 2012) especially in traditionally Protestant regions, such as Basel-City (42%), canton of Neuchâtel (38%), canton of Geneva (35%), canton of Vaud (26%), or Zürich city (city: >25%; canton: 23%). ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.976797103881836, "source": "wiki", "title": "Switzerland" }, { "answer": "Züri", "passage": "The government exerts greater control over broadcast media than print media, especially due to finance and licensing. The Swiss Broadcasting Corporation, whose name was recently changed to SRG SSR, is charged with the production and broadcast of radio and television programs. SRG SSR studios are distributed throughout the various language regions. Radio content is produced in six central and four regional studios while the television programs are produced in Geneva, Zürich and Lugano. An extensive cable network also allows most Swiss to access the programs from neighboring countries.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.0118207931518555, "source": "wiki", "title": "Switzerland" }, { "answer": "Züri", "passage": "The headquarters of the international football's and ice hockey's governing bodies, the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA) and International Ice Hockey Federation(IIHF), are located in Zürich. Actually many other headquarters of international sports federatios are to be found in Switzerland. For example, the International Olympic Committee (IOC), IOC's Olympic Museum and the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) are located in Lausanne.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.227768898010254, "source": "wiki", "title": "Switzerland" }, { "answer": "Zurich", "passage": "#Zurich", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.193133354187012, "source": "wiki", "title": "List of cities in Switzerland" }, { "answer": "Zurich", "passage": "Besides, suburbs are growing together and Switzerland's Mittelland region stretching from Lake Geneva to Bodensee is not so far from being just one metropolitan area. Jokingly, people are already addressing the economical center Zurich as Downtown Switzerland and there is a rock band from the Swiss capital Bern ironically calling themselves Züri West ...", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.9885808825492859, "source": "search", "title": "Major Swiss Cities - All About Switzerland" }, { "answer": "Zurich", "passage": "Zurich-Kloten airport (ZRH) is located 12 km north-east of Zurich, see column ZRH for distances to Swiss towns.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.665531635284424, "source": "search", "title": "Major Swiss Cities - All About Switzerland" }, { "answer": "Züri", "passage": "Highways in Switzerland are often congested, particularly in summertime. Weekends are especially bad. The most busy highway is the highway A1 between Zürich and Bern, but also the Gotthard tunnel between Göschenen and Airolo is often very crowded. Cars may build up for as long as 20 km and it needs a lot of patience to get to the other side of the Alps. An alternative is to use the San Bernardino pass but congestions are there very likely too.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.626372337341309, "source": "search", "title": "Geography of Switzerland" } ]

[ { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "Where in Europe does one go to experience a little culture? Paris? Milan? Perhaps, but in 1990, the place to go was Glasgow, Scotland . That year the city was named European Capital of Culture by the European Union, and Glasgow’s done its best to uphold that reputation ever since.", "precise_score": 8.783878326416016, "rough_score": 5.821700572967529, "source": "search", "title": "World's Culture Capitals - Forbes" }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "Glasgow's cultural sector has boomed since 1990, when the city was named European Capital of Culture, a new report has claimed.", "precise_score": 7.023628234863281, "rough_score": 8.371999740600586, "source": "search", "title": "Glasgow's cultural sector 'booming' - BBC News" }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "By linking on this blog categories for European Capital of Culture, cultural policy, and relevant city case studies (Glasgow 1990, Liverpool 2008 ) you will access a selection of relevant publication abstracts, presentations and project summaries.", "precise_score": 7.287960529327393, "rough_score": 8.230354309082031, "source": "search", "title": "EU Capitals of Culture | Dr Beatriz García" }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "A Platform for partnership : the visual arts in Glasgow, cultural capital of Europe, 1990 (Book, 1991) [WorldCat.org]", "precise_score": 7.75211238861084, "rough_score": 5.410391807556152, "source": "search", "title": "A Platform for partnership : the visual arts in Glasgow ..." }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "I thought you might be interested in this item at http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26544562 Title: A Platform for partnership : the visual arts in Glasgow, cultural capital of Europe, 1990 Author: Tessa Jackson; Andrew Guest; Amanda Brown; Glasgow (Scotland). District Council Publisher: Glasgow : Glasgow City Council, 1991. ISBN/ISSN: 0901557757 9780901557759 OCLC:26544562", "precise_score": 7.722391128540039, "rough_score": 4.655728816986084, "source": "search", "title": "A Platform for partnership : the visual arts in Glasgow ..." }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "Glasgow 1990 European City of Culture | Dr Beatriz García", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.3791446685791016, "source": "search", "title": "Glasgow 1990 European City of Culture | Dr Beatriz García" }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "Glasgow 1990 European City of Culture", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.6219966411590576, "source": "search", "title": "Glasgow 1990 European City of Culture | Dr Beatriz García" }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "Cities and Culture Project: Understanding the Long-term Legacies of Glasgow 1990, European City of Culture", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.5169440507888794, "source": "search", "title": "Glasgow 1990 European City of Culture | Dr Beatriz García" }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "From January 2002 to December 2005, Dr Beatriz Garcia was the principal investigator of a research project on Cities and Culture, using Glasgow 1990 European City of Culture as a case study. The research was conducted at the  Centre for Cultural Policy Research , University of Glasgow, with support from Matthew Reason (research assistant), Nicola Sneddon (CCPR Information and Resources Administrator), Adrienne Scullion (CCPR Academic Director) and Christine Hamilton (CCPR Director).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.30924859642982483, "source": "search", "title": "Glasgow 1990 European City of Culture | Dr Beatriz García" }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "More information about this project and its outcomes will be available soon. In the meantime, you can access a more detailed  Research Description (2004) below, or can search for relevant blog entries within this site (eg. ‘Glasgow’, European Capital of Culture etc).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.892630577087402, "source": "search", "title": "Glasgow 1990 European City of Culture | Dr Beatriz García" }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "1990 – Glasgow, Scotland – Scotland’s second city of Glasgow hosted the prestigious European Capital of Culture title back in 1990 and has continued to evolve and modernise ever since. Today Glasgow is edgily trendy with traditional Victorian architecture blending perfectly with modern bars and clubs which set the pace in terms of live music in the UK. Explore the refurbished Kelvingrove Art Gallery & Museum, enjoy a cruise along the River Clyde and wander the magnificent Gothic Glasgow Cathedral.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.3365439176559448, "source": "search", "title": "Guide to the European Capital of Culture Cities 1985 to 2013" }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "A number of new cultural institutions and buildings opened, including the Museum of Education in 1990 and the Gallery of Modern Art in 1996. By 2005, almost 30,000 people were employed in Glasgow’s tourism industry.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.6147077083587646, "source": "search", "title": "World's Culture Capitals - Forbes" }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "The boom continues: City officials have promised to inject $300 million into cultural buildings and projects between 2006 and 2011. The city wants to keep selling itself as a vibrant place to work, live, invest and study. “Glasgow: Scotland With Style,” is a slogan the city strives never to lose–and thus reaps the rewards.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.088785171508789, "source": "search", "title": "World's Culture Capitals - Forbes" }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "Glasgow is just one example of a place that has pegged itself as a culturally dynamic destination in order to attract a growing number of “cultural tourists,” or those traveling for more than sun, sand and a drink with a little umbrella in it.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.241435050964355, "source": "search", "title": "World's Culture Capitals - Forbes" }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "The report’s take-home message: Follow Glasgow’s lead. Reinforcing the importance of culture has stimulated economic growth, and made the city a desirable destination.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.295047760009766, "source": "search", "title": "World's Culture Capitals - Forbes" }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "Glasgow's cultural sector 'booming' - BBC News", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.008893966674805, "source": "search", "title": "Glasgow's cultural sector 'booming' - BBC News" }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "The study, commissioned by Glasgow City Council, found that about 30,000 people now worked in the city's cultural and creative industries.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.999822616577148, "source": "search", "title": "Glasgow's cultural sector 'booming' - BBC News" }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "Glasgow was the first UK city to be named culture capital.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.257251739501953, "source": "search", "title": "Glasgow's cultural sector 'booming' - BBC News" }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "Glasgow City Council leader Gordon Matheson said: \"Glasgow is Scotland's cultural metropolis, a creative powerhouse which boosts not only the city's standing both at home and abroad, but is a key provider of jobs across the city.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.889049530029297, "source": "search", "title": "Glasgow's cultural sector 'booming' - BBC News" }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "\"We've long said that Glasgow is the driving force in Scottish culture and this report proves there is no greater cultural destination outside London.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.884448051452637, "source": "search", "title": "Glasgow's cultural sector 'booming' - BBC News" }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "Glasgow City Council commissioned the report along with Glasgow Life and Creative Scotland.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.40841293334961, "source": "search", "title": "Glasgow's cultural sector 'booming' - BBC News" }, { "answer": "Glasgow", "passage": "Understanding the Long-term Legacies of Glasgow 1990, European City of Culture (January 2002- December 2005) Research funded by the Centre for Cultural Policy Research (University of Glasgow). This four-year research programme focused on an assessment of the ten year on cultural impacts and legacies of hosting this title. The focus was the establishment of innovative methodologies for narrative analysis to capture Glasgow’s image renaissance post 1990. [intlink id=”21″][Research summary][/intlink]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.4793894290924072, "source": "search", "title": "EU Capitals of Culture | Dr Beatriz García" } ]

[ { "answer": "Ireland", "passage": "Underneath the full A-line skirt, she wore a petticoat made from 50 metres of tulle which had been suffened with horse hair. It was made of Clerici Duchess satin – the finest Italian satin in the world – and had a fitted, strapless bodice with a zip at the back, reminiscent of a traditional Victorian corset. The intricacy of the design was truly spectacular. Underneath it, she wore a tightly fitted corset, by English corsetiere Mr Pearl, who has been used by Lacroix, Mugler and many of the big couture houses in Paris. Vera wang, who has designed wedding dresses for such international star names as Sharon Stone, Uma Thurman and Mariah Carey, had obviously worked long and hard to achieve the stunning outcome. She had even gone as far as to have an Italian mill dye the dress to make sure that its colour fitted Victoria’s exacting specifications. Although many people expected Victoria to opt for a British designer, she chose Vera Wang, not only because of her reputation, but because of the warmth of her personality. Despite being a fan of Vera’s work for a long time, it was not until she was on tour with the Spice Girls in the US that Victoria began to realise what a design genius she is. The idea of the ‘crumb catcher’ – a fold detail at the top of the dress’s bodice – first came into Victoria’ head when she went with her stylist Kenny Ho into Vera Wang’s shop in New York. From that moment on, she knew that she wanted to incorporate it into her gown. The overall look of Victoria’s wedding dress was one of understated elegance with a modern twist. What made it even more special is that Victoria is the first British celebrity to have a Vera Wang couture bridal gown, something that she will remember for years to come. ‘It was a fairy princess dress, the shape of the gown drew attention to her small waist,’ explains Laura O’Brien, director of public relations and advertising for Vera Wang. ‘Vera only makes six to ten couture wedding dresses a year, and has six to eight people working on each one. Victoria’s own dress took two preliminary consultations, six fittings in New York and London, and 15 months to make.’ For her wedding shoes, Victoria wore cream, high-heeled satin sandals with a ten-centimeter heel. The shoe was a prototype for Vera Wang’s new autumn collection. As every bride knows, it is not only the dress that is important, but the accessories. On her head, Victoria wore a beautiful diamond and gold coronet by Slim Barrett, a jeweler who made pieces for the late Princess of Wales, while around her neck was a spectacular diamond crucifix that David bought her for Christmas last year. ‘I’ve never actually worn – I’ve been saving it for the wedding,’ said Victoria, who chose the cross as the ‘something old’ the bride usually wears. As well as something old, it is also traditional for a bride to wear things new, borrowed, and blue. Pinned inside Victoria’s dress was a brooch that her mother and grandmother before her had worn inside their own bridal gowns – this was the traditional ‘something borrowed’. The ‘something new’ was a series of little antique blue taffeta bows sewn inside her dress. For their wedding jewellery, David and Victoria wore rings designed and made by Asprey and Garrard’s jewellery craftsmen in their workshops in Bond Street, London. Victoria’s ring features a stunning Marquise-cut diamond, supported on each side by three grain-set baguette diamonds and set in 18-carat yellow gold. Each side of the shank of the ring is set in six diamonds, with the total diamond weight adding up to 5.82 carats. David’s ring is a full eternity ring, set with 24 baguette diamonds, with 24 smaller diamonds set on one side of the shank, in 18-carat yellow gold, adding up to a total diamond weight of 7.44 carats. As a wedding gift, David gave Victoria a pair of Asprey and Garrard emerald-cut diamond earrings set in 18-carat yellow gold, to match her wedding ring. He also gave her an 18-carat yellow gold waist chain featuring and Asprey and Garrard worldwide exclusive 0.53-carat Eternal Cut diamond on one end. For David’s gift, Victoria selected a beautiful Brequet steel wristwatch, also from Asprey and Garrard. As for Victoria’s bouquet, there was another surprise in store for her assembled guests. She decided against a traditional bridal bouquet and opted instead for a natural selection of green berries, twigs, blackberries, and brambles. Although all eyes at the ceremony were obviously directed towards the bride, David made sure that he looked qually stylish. In a cream suit by English designer Timothy Everett, who also dresses Tom Cruise, David perfectly complemented the simplicity of Victoria’s wedding gown. The look of his suit was one of understated sophistication: his knee-length cream jacket over cream trousers, together with a gold and cream waistcoat, cream shirt and cravat, cream top hat and cream shoes by Manalo Blahnik, all finished his outfit off to perfection. He also wore a dazzling diamond bracelet that Victoria had bought him especially from Cartier last year. David’s best man, Manchester United team-mate Gary Neville, stood by the groom’s side, waiting patiently for Victoria’s entrance. His frock coat, and the jackets, waistcoats and ties worn by the Manchester United team attending the wedding, were supplied and fitted by Moss Bros in Manchester and Kenny Ho, Victoria’s stylist. As Victoria arrived at the folly chapel, she was greeted with a trumpet fanfare by pageanters positioned on the roof dressed in traditional Irish costume. The stone steps up to the folly chapel had been garlanded in ivy, woven with woodland flowers and ferns, forming a magical leafy tunnel up to the main door. Inside the tiny folly chapel, a string quartet – The Festive Ensemble – had been entertaining the guests with classical pieces including Serenade by Schubert, Intermezzo Sinfonico from Cavelleria Rusticana, by Mascagni and Dvorak’s Humoreske. But at 4.32pm they launched into the melody everyone had been waiting for – Bridal Song from Lohengrin by Wagner – as Victoria was escorted into the folly on the arm of her proud but clearly tearful father, Tony. At the altar, David – cradling the sleeping Brooklyn in his arms – smiled in wonder and sheer delight as he saw Victoria for the very first time in her beautiful dress. Baby Brooklyn, who was as important a part of the day as his mother and father, was dressed in cream-coloured combat trousers, little cream boots, and a cream shirt with his name embroidered on the back. A cream cowboy hat completed the striking and elegant Antonio Beradi-designed ensemble. The interior of the folly chapel, its walls and ceiling covered in ivy and twinkling with tiny white lights, was packed with the couple’s closest family and friends, including the three other Spice Girls, Mel B, Emma Bunton and Mel C. The orchestra – a concert harp, violin, flute and cello player – were set up at the back of the room. At the ceremony began the background sounds were of the stream tumbling over rocks below and under the folly itself and the distant thud, thud of press helicopters hovering overhead. The Right Reverend Paul Colton, Bishop of Cork, introduced proceedings by underlining David and Victoria’s commitment to having a traditional Christian marriage service. ‘They have chosen to be married according to the rites of the Church of Ireland,’ he said, ‘and we are their supporters.’ At the altar, David and Victoria exchanged glances and smiles. The reading, delivered by Reverend Lynda Peilow, the curate of the local parish in Clonsilla, was from John 1. 9-12: ‘As the father has loved me, so I have loved you; abide in my love.’ As the words were read, David leaned across and tenderly placed a kiss on Victoria’s right shoulder.", "precise_score": -1.8047281503677368, "rough_score": -6.031681060791016, "source": "search", "title": "Victoria Adams-Beckman - Victoria Beckham Fansite" }, { "answer": "Ireland", "passage": "The name of Brooklyn was given as it was the New York borough in which Victoria found out that she was pregnant. Becoming Beckhams Victoria and David were married on July 4, 1999, at Bishop of Cork, William Paul Colton, at Luttrellstown Castle, Ireland, with the whole wedding costing at £424,000 ($800,000) inviting 236 guests. An exclusive coverage was sold to British Tabloid OK! at £980,000 ($1.5 Million). Victoria dresses in a one-of-a-kind Vera Wang dress and wearing a crown upon her head. Both Victoria and David were mounted on gold-plated, red-velvet thrones, while their four-month-old son Brooklyn acted as their ring bearer. After giving birth to Brooklyn just after four months, she fits into her corset at 18-inches, raising some issues and worries from the media.", "precise_score": -1.785987138748169, "rough_score": -5.5734124183654785, "source": "search", "title": "Victoria Beckham - Spice Girls Wiki - Wikia" }, { "answer": "Ireland", "passage": "In early 1998, the Spice Girls embarked upon the world tour that Fuller had set up for them covering Europe and North America. The Spiceworld Tour kicked off in Dublin, Ireland on 24 February 1998 before moving on to mainland Europe and then returning to Britain for two gigs at Wembley Arena and Twelve gigs at Birmingham's NEC Arena. Performing to 150,000 fans over the course of the tour. It was here that recordings were made for a planned live album, which was confirmed by the group: \"We've shown everyone we can do the business on stage, so now we want to do a live album for fans\". Despite masters of the recording being made, the idea was eventually dropped. Later that year, the Spice Girls were invited to sing on the official England World Cup song \"How Does It Feel (To Be on Top of the World)\", however, it was derided by England football fans in favour of a re-release of the Lightning Seeds anthem \"Three Lions\", which comfortably beat it to No. 1 on the singles chart. This was also the last song the group recorded with Geri's vocals until 2007. On 31 May 1998, Halliwell announced her departure from the Spice Girls. Through her solicitor (i.e. lawyer) she stated: \"Sadly I would like to confirm that I have left the Spice Girls. This is because of differences between us. I'm sure the group will continue to be successful and I wish them all the best.\" Halliwell claimed that she was suffering from exhaustion and wanted to take a break. Halliwell's departure from the group shocked fans, in the middle of rumours of fight with Mel B, the news of Halliwell's departure was covered as a major news story by media around the world, it made the covers of the most important tabloid and became one of the biggest entertainment news stories of the year, making news headlines the world over. Geri went on to launch an initially successful solo career.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.018402099609375, "source": "wiki", "title": "Spice Girls" }, { "answer": "Ireland", "passage": "While on tour in the United-States, the group continued to record new material and they released a new song, \"Goodbye\", before Christmas in 1998. The song was seen as a tribute to Geri Halliwell, and when it topped the UK Singles Chart it became their third consecutive Christmas number-one – equalling the record previously set by The Beatles. Later in 1998, Bunton and Chisholm appeared at the 1998 MTV Europe Music Awards without their other band members, and the group won two awards: \"Best Pop Act\" and \"Best Group\" for a second time. In late 1998, Brown and Adams announced they were both pregnant at the time, the former was also married to dancer Jimmy Gulzer and became known as Mel G for a brief period. She gave birth to daughter Phoenix Chi in February 1999. One month later, Adams gave birth to son Brooklyn, whose father was then Manchester United player David Beckham. Later that year, she married Beckham in a highly publicised wedding in Ireland. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.279047966003418, "source": "wiki", "title": "Spice Girls" }, { "answer": "Ireland", "passage": "On 4 July 1999 they were married by the Bishop of Cork, Paul Colton, at Luttrellstown Castle, Ireland. The wedding attracted much media coverage. Beckham's team-mate, Gary Neville, was the best man, and the couple's four-month-old son Brooklyn was the ring bearer. Most of the media were kept away from the ceremony as an exclusive deal with OK! magazine had been arranged, but photographs were released showing the Beckhams sitting on golden thrones. Victoria wore a diamond coronet created for her by jewellery designer Slim Barrett. A total of 437 staff were employed for the wedding reception, which was estimated to have cost £500,000 (US$823,650). ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.383971214294434, "source": "wiki", "title": "Victoria Beckham" }, { "answer": "Ireland", "passage": "With 29 close friends and family members at the wedding ceremony, David and Victoria were married on July 4, 1999 at the 560-acre estate of the 1794, gothic Luttrellstown Castle, Ireland outside Dublin, Ireland. The wedding ceremony was presided over by the Bishop of Cork Paul Colton Victoria was 25 and David was 24 when they married.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.345514297485352, "source": "search", "title": "Biography And Marriage of Victoria And David Beckham" }, { "answer": "Ireland", "passage": "The wedding ceremony itself was held in the tiny folly chapel, perched above a stream some 500 meters from the main castle. It’s the first time a wedding has ever been performed at this location. ‘The folly was a ruin and very cave-like when we found it, but Victoria loved the look of it,’ says Peregrine. ‘We had to do a lot of work to get it ready for the day – we had to bring builders in, put up scaffolding, lay a new floor and install power.’ The Bishop of Cork, the Right Reverend Paul Colton, was in charge of the important task of officiating the ceremony. When Victoria chose the wedding to be at Luttrellstown Castle, the bishop was the rector of the parish. He has only been a bishop for three months, and was only 38 years old when he was appointed. Contrary to media speculation, the couple were allowed to marry in Ireland because they were issued a special license by the Archbishop of Dublin. The Right Reverend Paul Colton first met the couple late last year, and they requested that he treat them like any other couple who are preparing for marriage. ‘I don’t see the ceremony as the marriage between to celebrities, but of a couple who are very much in love. The have had the same preparation and consultations as any other couple I have ever married,’ said the bishop. After the ceremony, the bishop spoke about the emotion of the event. ‘It was very special and Victoria and David acted exactly how I knew them to be from our previous meetings together. Although much preparation has gone into making their wedding as special as possible, I told them what really matters is what is in their hearts. In my eyes, every couple is a celebrity on their wedding day.’ And seeing Victoria and David on the day it was clear to all of the guests who were lucky enough to be there that the couple were totally in touch with their innermost feelings. As they waited for the cars – and the eventual, first dramatic appearance of Victoria herself – guests watched little Liberty gleefully rolling around on the top steps of the castle entrance in her fairy costume. ‘Dont’ do that, Liberty,’ said Victoria’s mum Jackie, ‘ you’ll flatten your wings!’ In keeping with tradition, the groom arrived first, driving a silver convertible Bentley Azure, worth ?230,000, and accompanied by his best man. At 4.05pm, five minutes after the wedding ceremony was scheduled to begin, Victoria swept into the castle’s entrance hall in her stunning Vera Wang wedding dress. As stylist Kenny Ho made the last few adjustments to her train, her smile was one of absolute, unadulterated happiness – the day and the moment for which she had waited so long were finally at hand. Once the purple carpet stretching down the castlesteps had been given one last brush and her silver Bentley Arnage was maneuvered into position, the imposing white doors of the castle were hauled open and Victoria stepped out into the sunshine and down into the waiting car. Kenny Ho helped her fold her train carefully into back seat beside her and the car slid away, bound for the folly chapel. In the months leading up to the wedding, everyone from fashion designers to newspaper columnists had been speculating about the style of Victoria’s dress. However, nobody could have predicted how the most stylish of the Spice Girls would look on her special day. ‘A lot of people were expecting me to have a tight little number with a great big split up the side, but I wanted to look quite virginal on my wedding day,’ said Victoria. The exquisitely simple champagne-coloured wedding dress, by American designer Vera Wang, literally took everyone’s breath away. ‘It is very Scarlett O’Hara,’ said Victoria, speaking the day before her wedding.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.297779083251953, "source": "search", "title": "Victoria Adams-Beckman - Victoria Beckham Fansite" } ]

[ { "answer": "Riviera", "passage": "Marseille is the second largest city in France after Paris and the centre of the third largest metropolitan area in France after Paris and Lyon. To the east, starting in the small fishing village of Callelongue on the outskirts of Marseille and stretching as far as Cassis, are the Calanques, a rugged coastal area interspersed with small fjord-like inlets. Further east still are the Sainte-Baume (a 1147 m mountain ridge rising from a forest of deciduous trees), the city of Toulon and the French Riviera. To the north of Marseille, beyond the low Garlaban and Etoile mountain ranges, is the 1011 m Mont Sainte Victoire. To the west of Marseille is the former artists' colony of l'Estaque; further west are the Côte Bleue, the Gulf of Lion and the Camargue region in the Rhône delta. The airport lies to the north west of the city at Marignane on the Étang de Berre. ", "precise_score": -1.6887683868408203, "rough_score": -4.539708614349365, "source": "wiki", "title": "Marseille" }, { "answer": "Riviera", "passage": "The city is served by an international airport, Marseille Provence Airport, located in Marignane. The airport is the fifth busiest French airport, and known the 4th most important European traffic growth in 2012. An extensive network of motorways connects Marseille to the north and west (A7), Aix-en-Provence in the north (A51), Toulon (A50) and the French Riviera (A8) to the east.", "precise_score": -4.096428871154785, "rough_score": -7.861105918884277, "source": "wiki", "title": "Marseille" }, { "answer": "Riviera", "passage": "Metropolitan France has a wide variety of topographical sets and natural landscapes. Large parts of the current territory of France were raised during several tectonic episodes like the Hercynian uplift in the Paleozoic Era which is the origin of Armorican Massif, central, morvandeau, Vosges, Ardennes and corse. The Alpine, Pyrenean and Jura mountains are themselves much younger and have less eroded forms – the Alpine peak at 4809 meters above sea level at the Mount White. Although 60% of municipalities are classified as having seismic risks, these risks remain moderate. These massifs delineate several sedimentary basins, including the Aquitaine basin in the southwest and the Paris basin in the north – the last one includes several areas of particularly fertile ground, including silt trays of Beauce and Brie. In addition, various routes of natural passage, such as the Rhone valley, allow easy communications. The coastlines offer contrasting landscapes: mountain ranges of benefits (the French Riviera, for example), plateaus ending on cliffs (the Alabaster Coast), wetlands and forest areas of Sologne or wide sandy plains (the Languedoc plain). The river system in France is mainly organised around four major rivers: the Loire, the Seine, the Garonne and the Rhône to which can be added the Meuse and Rhine. The latter of lower importance to France but significant to Europe in general. The French watershed of the first four matches over 62% of the metropolitan territory. France has 11 million square kilometres of marine waters under its jurisdiction, within three oceans of which 97% are overseas.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.412160873413086, "source": "wiki", "title": "France" }, { "answer": "Riviera", "passage": "With more than 10 millions tourists a year, the French Riviera (or Côte d'Azur), in south-east France, is the second leading tourist destination in the country, after the Paris region. It benefits from 300 days of sunshine per year, 115 km of coastline and beaches, 18 golf courses, 14 ski resorts and 3,000 restaurants. Each year the Côte d'Azur hosts 50% of the world's superyacht fleet. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.156853675842285, "source": "wiki", "title": "France" }, { "answer": "Riviera", "passage": "Riviera", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.304099082946777, "source": "search", "title": "Free Flashcards about DDG Trivia Places 10 - StudyStack" }, { "answer": "Riviera", "passage": "is known as The Riviera.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.03160285949707, "source": "search", "title": "TravelPort: 51 amazing travel facts - blogspot.com" }, { "answer": "Riviera", "passage": "Genoa is on the northwest coast of Italy, the part known as the Italian Riviera, in the region of Liguria .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.974334716796875, "source": "search", "title": "Genoa Italy Travel Guide and Tourist Attractions" }, { "answer": "Riviera", "passage": "Beautiful Liguria offers a great insider's tour of Genoa or other parts of the Italian Riviera.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.5828857421875, "source": "search", "title": "Genoa Italy Travel Guide and Tourist Attractions" }, { "answer": "Riviera", "passage": "The Genoa portion of the Italian Riviera has several interesting villages, ports, and resorts. Most can be reached by train, bus, or ferry from Genoa. Portofino, Rapallo, and Camogli are three of the most popular destinations. See our Italian Riviera Itinerary for more about where to go.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.035175323486328, "source": "search", "title": "Genoa Italy Travel Guide and Tourist Attractions" }, { "answer": "Riviera", "passage": "You'll find rugged beauty and a slow pace in the Cinque Terre. Named for the five towns of Monterosso, Vernazza, Corniglia, Manarola and Riomaggiore, this portion of the Italian Riviera is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Cars aren't allowed, so take local trains or ferries to go from town to town—or walk one of the spectacular trails that connect them.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.219867706298828, "source": "search", "title": "Cinque Terre 2016: Best of Cinque Terre Tourism - TripAdvisor" } ]

[ { "answer": "Queen’s University", "passage": "Queen’s University, Belfast was founded in 1845 as Queen’s College, Belfast, part of the Queen’s University of Ireland which had other colleges at Cork and Galway. It received its charter as a separate university in 1908.", "precise_score": 3.5258829593658447, "rough_score": 4.235452175140381, "source": "search", "title": "Education - AnglaisFacile.com" }, { "answer": "Queen’s University", "passage": "Queen’s University, Belfast was founded in 1845 as Queen’s College, Belfast, part of the Queen’s University of Ireland which had other colleges at Cork and Galway. It received its charter as a separate university in 1908.", "precise_score": 3.5258829593658447, "rough_score": 4.235452175140381, "source": "search", "title": "History and geography of the United Kingdom: education" }, { "answer": "Queen's University", "passage": "Queen's is the second oldest university in Ireland and the ninth oldest university in the United Kingdom. The university has its roots in the Belfast Academical Institution, founded in 1810, whilst the university was established as a college in 1845 as Queen's College, Belfast when it was associated with what was then Queen's College, Cork and Queen's College, Galway as part of the Queen's University of Ireland (1850) and later the Royal University of Ireland (1880).", "precise_score": 3.3208975791931152, "rough_score": 6.5978102684021, "source": "search", "title": "Queen's University, Belfast, Attractions and Culture of ..." }, { "answer": "Queen's University", "passage": "The two main universities in Northern Ireland are Queen's University Belfast and Ulster University.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.488260746002197, "source": "wiki", "title": "Northern Ireland" }, { "answer": "Queen's University", "passage": "*** Queen's University Belfast, 1908 (as a university), 1845 (as a university college) ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.5990047454833984, "source": "wiki", "title": "List of oldest universities in continuous operation" }, { "answer": "Queen's University", "passage": "Queen's University, Belfast, Attractions and Culture of Northern Ireland", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.94120454788208, "source": "search", "title": "Queen's University, Belfast, Attractions and Culture of ..." }, { "answer": "Queen's University", "passage": "HOME • IRELAND • DISCOVER IRELAND • Northern Ireland • Queen's University", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.3843994140625, "source": "search", "title": "Queen's University, Belfast, Attractions and Culture of ..." }, { "answer": "Queen's University", "passage": "QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY, BELFAST", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.061251640319824, "source": "search", "title": "Queen's University, Belfast, Attractions and Culture of ..." }, { "answer": "Queen's University", "passage": "Queen's University, Belfast - or officially The Queen's University of Belfast is a university in Belfast , Northern Ireland . The university was originally part of Queen's University of Ireland created to encourage higher education for Catholics and Presbyterians as a counterpart to the Anglican Trinity College, Dublin.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.134497165679932, "source": "search", "title": "Queen's University, Belfast, Attractions and Culture of ..." }, { "answer": "Queen's University", "passage": "HISTORY OF QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY, BELFAST", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.470674514770508, "source": "search", "title": "Queen's University, Belfast, Attractions and Culture of ..." }, { "answer": "Queen's University", "passage": "The Irish Universities Act, 1908 dissolved the Royal University of Ireland and created two separate universities - the current National University of Ireland and Queen's University of Belfast.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.6127738952636719, "source": "search", "title": "Queen's University, Belfast, Attractions and Culture of ..." }, { "answer": "Queen's University", "passage": "ACADEMICS OF QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY, BELFAST", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.313735961914062, "source": "search", "title": "Queen's University, Belfast, Attractions and Culture of ..." }, { "answer": "Queen's University", "passage": "INSTITUTES OF QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY, BELFAST", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.97856330871582, "source": "search", "title": "Queen's University, Belfast, Attractions and Culture of ..." }, { "answer": "Queen's University", "passage": "REPUTATION OF QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY, BELFAST", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.567156791687012, "source": "search", "title": "Queen's University, Belfast, Attractions and Culture of ..." }, { "answer": "Queens u", "passage": "Held annually, usually in November, the festival is primarily run by Queens University, Belfast. Founded by a student called Michael Emmerson in the 1960s, as of 2005 the festival is in it's 43rd year. Stella Hall, head of Culture and Arts at the university, is the current festival director.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.431253910064697, "source": "search", "title": "Queen's University, Belfast, Attractions and Culture of ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "At first, Piano became known for his collaborations with other architects. From 1965 to 1970 he worked at the firm of iconic architect Louis Kahn in Philadelphia and with Z.S. Makowsky in London. He established an architectural firm with Richard Rogers named Piano & Rogers, where they worked together from 1971 to 1977. Their most famous joint project, together with the Italian architect Gianfranco Franchini, is the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris (1971). The New York Times has declared that this design \"turned the architecture world upside down\". He also had a long collaboration with the engineer Peter Rice, with whom he shared a practice (L'Atelier Piano and Rice) between 1977 and 1981.", "precise_score": 6.237452507019043, "rough_score": 6.938562393188477, "source": "wiki", "title": "Renzo Piano" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "Centre Georges Pompidou (; commonly shortened to Centre Pompidou; also known as the Pompidou Centre in English) is a complex building in the Beaubourg area of the 4th arrondissement of Paris, near Les Halles, rue Montorgueil and the Marais. It was designed in the style of high-tech architecture by the architectural team of Richard Rogers and Renzo Piano, along with Gianfranco Franchini.", "precise_score": 8.197488784790039, "rough_score": 7.039356708526611, "source": "wiki", "title": "Centre Georges Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "The Centre was designed by Italian architect Renzo Piano; British architect Richard Rogers; and Italian architect Gianfranco Franchini, assisted by Ove Arup & Partners. The project was awarded to this team in an architectural design competition, whose results were announced in 1971. It was the first time in France that international architects were allowed to participate. World-renowned architects Oscar Niemeyer, Jean Prouvé and Philip Johnson made up the jury which would select one design out of the 681 entries. ", "precise_score": 7.292605876922607, "rough_score": 6.979694843292236, "source": "wiki", "title": "Centre Georges Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "Maquette du projet définitif, façade ouest. Renzo Piano et Richard Rogers. 1973. © Centre Pompidou", "precise_score": 5.081784725189209, "rough_score": 6.609798431396484, "source": "search", "title": "The history – Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "The centre Pompidou, an art, leisure, and culture center was constructed in Paris, France and finished in 1977. It bared the name of the current president of France at that time who wanted to create an original institution in the heart of this wonderful city. It had a peculiar manner of construction. Its architectural style was considered postmodern and hi-tech. The structural system was a steel configuration with reinforced concrete floors. The architects were Renzo piano and Richard Rogers. The structural engineers and service engineers were Ove Arup & Partners.", "precise_score": 6.476914882659912, "rough_score": 7.030168533325195, "source": "search", "title": "Centre Pompidou - Essays - Needpants - Brainia" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "Renzo Piano was born in Genoa in 1937 and studied architecture at the University of Florence as well as at the Polytechnic University of Milan, where he also worked as a lecturer. In cooperation with architect Richard Rogers, he designed the famous Centre Pompidou in Paris in 1970. Piano later opened another firm in 1977 with engineer Peter Rice. Since the early 1980s, it has functioned under a workshop concept whereby experts from various fields take a holistic approach towards realising architectural projects. Since the death of Peter Rice, Piano has headed the company, which is now known by the name “Renzo Piano Building Workshop” with offices in Genoa, Paris and New York. His most famous works include the Zentrum Paul Klee in Bern, the Whitney Museum of Modern Art in New York and the Fondation Beyeler in Switzerland.", "precise_score": 8.30637264251709, "rough_score": 8.412891387939453, "source": "search", "title": "Architects - Potsdamer Platz Berlin" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "British architect Richard Rogers was born in Florence in 1931 and studied architecture at the Architectural Association School in London. He then won a scholarship to the Yale School of Art and Architecture. After his studies, he first worked for the firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill in New York, then in 1963, opened his own office in England. In 1970, together with architect Renzo Piano, he designed the famous Centre Pompidou in Paris. Rogers established a planning firm, now known by the name of “Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners” in 1977, which has branches in London, Sydney and Shanghai.", "precise_score": 7.8174285888671875, "rough_score": 7.967678070068359, "source": "search", "title": "Architects - Potsdamer Platz Berlin" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "The Centre Pompidou, which is celebrating its thirtieth birthday this year, welcomes its first retrospective exhibition dedicated to Richard Rogers. It was a decisive moment in his career when the British architect and his Italian colleague Renzo Piano won the big international competition for the design of this centre for art and culture. In a career spanning forty years, Rogers has developed a major body of work in which technical mastery, social awareness and urban thinking are combined.", "precise_score": 7.539932727813721, "rough_score": 7.550271511077881, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "In 1969, the French president Georges Pompidou launched a project for a grand national centre for art and culture in the historical centre of Paris, which would house a national modern art museum, a public reference library, an institute for research and coordination in acoustics and music, and a centre for industrial design. A project of such ambition demanded the organisation of an important international competition in which 700 teams participated, among them that formed by Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers.", "precise_score": 5.218103408813477, "rough_score": 6.7221360206604, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "* Richard Rogers (2007)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.09977912902832, "source": "wiki", "title": "Centre Georges Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "Parisian examples of European architecture date back more than a millennium; including the Romanesque church of the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés (1014–1163); the early Gothic Architecture of the Basilica of Saint-Denis (1144), the Notre Dame Cathedral (1163–1345), the Flamboyant Gothic of Saint Chapelle (1239–1248), the Baroque churches of Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis (1627–1641) and Les Invalides (1670–1708). The 19th century produced the neoclassical church of La Madeleine (1808–1842); the Palais Garnier Opera House (1875); the neo-Byzantine Basilica of Sacré-Cœur (1875–1919), and the exuberant Belle Époque modernism of the Eiffel Tower (1889). Striking examples of 20th century architecture include the Centre Georges Pompidou by Richard Rogers and Renzo Piano (1977), and the Louvre Pyramid by I.M. Pei (1989). Contemporary architecture includes the Musée du Quai Branly by Jean Nouvel (2006) and the new contemporary art museum of the Louis Vuitton Foundation by Frank Gehry (2014). ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.756418466567993, "source": "wiki", "title": "Paris" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "The international jury chaired by the architect and engineer Jean Prouvé chose a design submitted by a team of three, British architect Richard Rogers and the two Italians Renzo Piano and Gianfranco Franchini, all relatively unknown. Piano and Rogers alone oversaw the management of the project; the two then went on to make separate careers, both later winning the Pritzker Prize, the highest award in the architectural world.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.864548444747925, "source": "search", "title": "The history – Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "It was designed by the Italian architect Renzo Piano, the British architect couple Richard Rogers and Sue Rogers, Gianfranco Franchini, the British structural engineer Edmund Happold and Irish structural engineer Peter Rice. The project was awarded to this team in an architectural design competition, whose results were announced in 1971. The Pritzker jury said the Pompidou “revolutionized museums, transforming what had once been elite monuments into popular places of social and cultural exchange, woven into the heart of the city”. All of the functional structural elements of the building are color-coded: green pipes are plumbing, blue ducts are for climate control, and electrical wires are encased in yellow, and circulation elements and devices for safety. The pipes and large chimneys on the back of the edifice, and the see-through escalator are the main characteristics of the structure. The structure is constructed out of transparent glass.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 6.508782863616943, "source": "search", "title": "Centre Pompidou - Essays - Needpants - Brainia" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "Richard Rogers", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.101493835449219, "source": "search", "title": "Architects - Potsdamer Platz Berlin" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "For Potsdamer Platz, Richard Rogers designed a three-building complex known as the Roger Twins.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.731005668640137, "source": "search", "title": "Architects - Potsdamer Platz Berlin" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "Richard Rogers + Architects", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.127534866333008, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "RICHARD ROGERS + ARCHITECTS", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.127534866333008, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "Through fifty or so projects and creations, the aim of the Richard Rogers + architects exhibition is to demonstrate the contribution and inventiveness of this production, using a thematic approach focusing on the key concepts of his practice: “Transparency”, “Legibility”, “Public”, “Systems”, “Urban”, “Environmental” and “Lightness”.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.64372444152832, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "On a long narrow plot, the house that Richard Rogers built for his parents is divided into two sections, the living quarters and the lodge, separated by a garden. The transparent façades play with the limits between the interior and exterior, integrating the garden into the architecture.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.99500846862793, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "Using a structure of steel portals (five for the house and three for the lodge), the interior space is completely free. The partitions are modular and portals can be added to extend the constructed space, reclaiming space from the interior garden, for example. Richard Rogers presents this construction as “a flexible and transparent tube”.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.248457908630371, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "In the year following the inauguration of the Centre Pompidou, the Richard Rogers Partnership, recently founded by the architect, was selected by Lloyd's of London to build its new headquarters. On the advice of Gordon Graham, then president of the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA), it was a matter of “working on a strategy of development even before thinking about the architecture per se. “ This is where the specificity of this project, developed by the team in collaboration with the institution, lies. This international insurance market, established in the City since 1928, needed a workplace that was flexible, capable of responding to growth and symbolic of its dynamic reputation.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.879265069961548, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "Also evoking the idea of the visibility of structures and activities, the notion de transparency may seem to blend with that of legibility. It is, however, a very specific reference, inscribing the work of Richard Rogers in the great modern architectural adventure of glass and light, which together form the building and play with the relations between interior and exterior.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.716876983642578, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "The importance that Richard Rogers places on detail, on fragments of architecture, is combined with a way of thinking that is on the scale of the city. The answer to social and ecological questions lies, according to Rogers, in the development of “compact cities with multiple centres”, blending residential units with workplaces, accommodating rich and poor, young and old, and favouring the circulation of pedestrians, cyclists and public transport.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.952075958251953, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "Present from the time of the conception of the Centre Pompidou, this interest in the urban dimension was embodied in the development, in 1986, of the London as it could be project. Created in the context of an exhibition, this plan, with its futuristic aesthetic features, places the Thames at the centre of the city’s development. In opposition to the prevailing ideas of the time, Rogers insisted on the enhancement of public spaces and placed architecture in a political and social vision of the city. Since 2000, Richard Rogers has given new impetus to this commitment through his collaboration with the Mayor of London, Ken Livingstone. The plan for the Lu Jia Zui district, in Shanghai (unbuilt), also belongs to this search for solutions for thinking the modern city.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.0961556434631348, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "The Lu Jia Zui district, in the Pu Dong sector isolated from the centre of Shanghai by a bend in the Huangpu river, was the subject of a renovation project in the early 1990s to accompany the demographic explosion and economic boom the city was then experiencing. The Richard Rogers team was one of six teams invited to design a masterplan for the district.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.738066673278809, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "The National Assembly for Wales (1999-2005), with its natural ventilation, its biomass heating and its rainwater harvesting system, is a model of the genre. Situated in a disadvantaged neighbourhood of London, the Mossbourne Community Academy (2002-2004) (in total harmony with the policy of urban renovation maintained by Rogers in collaboration with the municipality) has also been designed, with its wooden skeleton and six ventilation towers, with a concern for environmental respect. Many other projects and creations exemplify the environmental commitment of Richard Rogers and his team. Designed in the early 1990s, the Bordeaux Law Courts can be considered their manifesto in this domain.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.364665985107422, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "Throughout the exhibition, guided by the vocabulary of the Richard Rogers practice, visitors are invited to explore the great wealth and impact of Rogers’ work. With new keys to reading architecture now at their disposal, visitors can continue their visit with the on-site (re)discovery of what is, in the end, the exhibition’s primary exhibit on a 1:1 scale: the Centre Pompidou itself, in which the concept of public space is put into practice, as we have seen, as well as the concepts of transparency, legibility, systems and lightness.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.201312065124512, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "Richard Rogers + Architects, exhibition catalogue, supervised by Olivier Cinqualbre, Editions Centre Pompidou, 2007", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.8053163886070251, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "Publications on the work of Richard Rogers and his practice", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.109038352966309, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "● POWELL, Kenneth, Architecture of the future: Richard Rogers, Basel, Birkhäuser, 2006.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.824152946472168, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "● POWELL, Kenneth, Richard Rogers: complete works. Volume 2, London, Phaidon, 2000.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.63250732421875, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "● POWELL, Kenneth, Richard Rogers: complete works. Volume 1, London, Phaidon, 1999.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.625753402709961, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "● BURDETT, Richard, Richard Rogers : œuvres et projets, Paris, Gallimard-Electa, 1996. [Richard Rogers Partnership: works and projects, New York, Monacelli, 1996.]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.297886848449707, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "Writings by Richard Rogers", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.154816627502441, "source": "search", "title": "Richard Rogers + Architects - Centre Pompidou" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "— Barbie Campbell Cole and Ruth Elias Rogers, ed. Richard Rogers + Partners. p90-91.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.135725021362305, "source": "search", "title": "Centre Pompidou - Rogers and Piano - Great Buildings ..." }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "— Richard Rogers. from Bill Lacy. 100 Contemporary Architects: Drawings and Sketches. p190.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.895514488220215, "source": "search", "title": "Centre Pompidou - Rogers and Piano - Great Buildings ..." }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "— Richard Rogers, 1969. from Barbie Campbell Cole and Ruth Elias Rogers, ed. Richard Rogers + Partners. p11.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.89588737487793, "source": "search", "title": "Centre Pompidou - Rogers and Piano - Great Buildings ..." }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "— Barbie Campbell Cole and Ruth Elias Rogers, ed. Richard Rogers + Partners. p104.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.116364479064941, "source": "search", "title": "Centre Pompidou - Rogers and Piano - Great Buildings ..." }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "Piano's first important commission was in 1969 to design the Italian Industry Pavilion at Expo '70 in Osaka, during which time he met Richard Rogers. They agreed to collaborate and enter the international competition for the Pompidou Centre in Paris. The result was a hundred thousand square metres in the heart of Paris, devoted to the figurative arts, music, industrial design and literature. In 1995, Piano alone renovated the Centre which had suffered from its popularity – it was reopened on the eve of the new millennium.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.06243896484375, "source": "search", "title": "Renzo Piano - Royal Institute of British Architects" }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "Look where? A dry-cleaners? A florists? An approaching taxi? And then I lift my gaze and realise what Piano is trying to show me. A couple of hundred yards away, filling the narrow horizon at the end of the street, is a bank of metallic, cylindrically shaped blues, greens, yellows and reds – a surreal sight that's instantly recognisable as a small section of the exterior of the Pompidou Centre. A big smile spreads across Piano's face. \"Ah,\" he says. \"Now you see!\" In the UK, for reasons one suspects are rooted partly in patriotism and partly in ignorance, the Pompidou Centre, which opened in 1977, tends to be thought of as exclusively the work of its British co-architect, Richard Rogers. But it is as much Piano's work, and when he is in Paris – he also has offices in his native Genoa and in New York – he takes evident delight in being able to pop outside and remind himself of the revolutionary achievement that established him as one of the world's most skilled and imaginative practitioners of his craft.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.120117425918579, "source": "search", "title": "Renzo Piano: 'The Shard is my dream building ..." }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "In the end the pro-Shard camp won the day. Ken Livingstone, then the Mayor, loved the idea of it so much that he said he wanted a second Shard. It probably helped that Livingstone's architectural adviser was Richard Rogers, who remains a close friend of Piano's and one of his most ardent champions. For Southwark Council, the Shard meant regeneration of the area on a spectacular scale (the project includes the transformation of London Bridge station). The developer, Irvine Sellar, brought the necessary energy, vision and financial acumen to proceedings, qualities he'd demonstrate a few years later when securing fresh investment in the project from Qatar at a time when, amid the economic crisis of 2008/09, it had hit trouble. And the then deputy prime minister, John Prescott, the man who had ordered the public inquiry, was satisfied that the Shard would fulfil the requirement of being built to the highest architectural standards.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.104371070861816, "source": "search", "title": "Renzo Piano: 'The Shard is my dream building ..." }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "After studying in Italy, Piano came to London and met Richard Rogers. They had Italy in common (Rogers was born in Florence) and soon bonded. Their bid to build the Pompidou Centre was one of no fewer than 700 that were submitted. They were young and unknown, and to their amazement, they were chosen. \"I think ours was one of the few bids that had this idea to create a piazza in front of the building,\" Rogers, who is now 78, told me. \"We thought about the social implications of the project. We were quick on the uptake, but really we had more confidence than knowledge.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.45416170358657837, "source": "search", "title": "Renzo Piano: 'The Shard is my dream building ..." }, { "answer": "Richard Rogers", "passage": "“The funny thing looking back is that, to begin with, I hadn’t been at all keen on the project”, says Richard Rogers of the Parisian building that made him world famous. The Pompidou Centre – a still shocking, if much admired hi-tech cultural centre in the heart of Paris – was, at the time an international competition was held for its design in 1969, a symbol of everything the 36-year-old left-wing architect stood against.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.369172096252441, "source": "search", "title": "BBC - Culture - Pompidou Centre: A radical with enduring ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "The Bargello, also known as the Palazzo del Bargello, Museo Nazionale del Bargello, or Palazzo del Popolo (Palace of the People), is a former barracks and prison, now an art museum, in Florence, Italy.", "precise_score": 4.101153373718262, "rough_score": 3.1713109016418457, "source": "wiki", "title": "Bargello" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Bargello Museum private visit in Florence", "precise_score": 3.1660845279693604, "rough_score": 3.811901807785034, "source": "search", "title": "Bargello Museum - Florence for you" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Florence in a day + Bargello Museum", "precise_score": 2.838007926940918, "rough_score": 4.075758457183838, "source": "search", "title": "Bargello Museum - Florence for you" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "A complete walking tour through the heart of Florence combined with a visit to the Bargello Museum, famous for the sculptures by Donatello and Michelangelo.", "precise_score": 3.393007278442383, "rough_score": 4.094067573547363, "source": "search", "title": "Bargello Museum - Florence for you" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Museo Bardini, Museum in Florence | Trip Factory", "precise_score": 2.0592026710510254, "rough_score": 0.7054120302200317, "source": "search", "title": "Museo Bardini, Museum in Florence | Trip Factory" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Bargello Museum Florence - Bargello Museum Tickets", "precise_score": 0.47314417362213135, "rough_score": 2.9705450534820557, "source": "search", "title": "Bargello Museum Tickets, Florence - Select Italy" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Tour presentation: In the 19th century in Florence antique dealing started as a professional business. This happened when they began to \"eviscerate\" the historic center of Florence city to create a more modern town, in line with major European cities. Works of art and architecture parts of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance buried underground returned to the light and gave the start to the trade of the most fascinating works of art in the world. Stefano Bardini, a discussed and controversial figure, sold works of art from the Middle Ages and the Renaissance era to the most important people, like the couple Jacquemart-Andr� in Paris, Wilhelm Bode in Berlin, the Romanoff and Demidoff. In his beautiful house painted in \"Bardini blue\", the colour he invented, you can still see the hundreds of works of art, among them the Madonna della Mela and the Madonna dei Cordai by Donatello, the Archangel Michael by Antonio del Pollaiuolo and Charity by Tino di Camaino. In another area of the museum are the Piglet by Pietro Tacca and Giambologna's Diavolino, together with one original of the two lions of the 14th century, belonging to the main entrance of the Palazzo Vecchio.", "precise_score": -1.0354958772659302, "rough_score": 0.9304368495941162, "source": "search", "title": "Bardini Museum and Casa Siviero Private Tour - Florence" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Florence Tip: Bardini Museum re-opens! | EuroCheapo", "precise_score": 2.790390968322754, "rough_score": 0.606627881526947, "source": "search", "title": "Florence Tip: Bardini Museum re-opens! | EuroCheapo" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Florence Tip: Bardini Museum re-opens!", "precise_score": 0.5900596380233765, "rough_score": 0.7640419602394104, "source": "search", "title": "Florence Tip: Bardini Museum re-opens! | EuroCheapo" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "The museum is named for Stefano Bardini (1836-1922), an art dealer known for his flair for Renaissance art and his love of blue painted walls (he originally trained as a painter). In 1922, Bardini donated his life’s labor—and the building he housed it all in—to the city of Florence. For years, the museum was open to the public and showcased most of his own personal collection.", "precise_score": 2.3975164890289307, "rough_score": 2.876199960708618, "source": "search", "title": "Florence Tip: Bardini Museum re-opens! | EuroCheapo" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "The word bargello appears to come from the late Latin bargillus (from Goth bargi and German burg), meaning \"castle\" or \"fortified tower\". During the Italian Middle Ages it was the name given to a military captain in charge of keeping peace and justice (hence \"Captain of justice\") during riots and uproars. In Florence he was usually hired from a foreign city to prevent any appearance of favoritism on the part of the Captain. The position could be compared with that of a current Chief of police. The name Bargello was extended to the building which was the office of the captain.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.364461898803711, "source": "wiki", "title": "Bargello" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Construction began in 1255. The palace was built to house first the Capitano del Popolo and later, in 1261, the 'podestà', the highest magistrate of the Florence City Council. This Palazzo del Podestà, as it was originally called, is the oldest public building in Florence. This austere crenellated building served as model for the construction of the Palazzo Vecchio. In 1574, the Medici dispensed with the function of the Podestà and housed the bargello, the police chief of Florence, in this building, hence its name. It was employed as a prison; executions took place in the Bargello's yard until they were abolished by Grand Duke Peter Leopold in 1786, but it remained the headquarters of the Florentine police until 1859. When Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor Peter Leopold was exiled, the makeshift Governor of Tuscany decided that the Bargello should no longer be a jail, and it then became a national museum.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.060067176818848, "source": "wiki", "title": "Bargello" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "The museum also has a fine collection of ceramics (maiolica), textile, tapestries, ivory, silver, armours and old coins. It also features the competing designs for The Sacrifice of Isaac (Sacrificio di Isacco) that were made by Lorenzo Ghiberti and Filippo Brunelleschi to win the contest for the second set of doors of the Florence Baptistery (1401).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.906879425048828, "source": "wiki", "title": "Bargello" }, { "answer": "Firenze", "passage": "File:03 2015 Giovan Francesco Rustici da la Battaglia di Anghiari di Leonardo da Vinci-Museo nazionale del Bargello (Firenze) Photo Paolo Villa FOTO9233.JPG|Anghiari Battle, Giovan Francesco Rustici after Leonardo da Vinci", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.23846435546875, "source": "wiki", "title": "Bargello" }, { "answer": "Firenze", "passage": "File:03 2015 Madonna di Santa Maria Nuova-Luca della Robbia-Museo nazionale del Bargello (Firenze) Photo Paolo Villa FOTO9230.JPG|Madonna di Santa Maria Nuova-Luca della Robbia", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.286330223083496, "source": "wiki", "title": "Bargello" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Florence - David by Donatello.jpg|David, (Donatello).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.711941719055176, "source": "wiki", "title": "Bargello" }, { "answer": "Firenze", "passage": "File:03 2015 Pescatorello-Vincenzo Gemito-Museo nazionale del Bargello (Firenze) Photo Paolo Villa FOTO9229.JPG|Il Pescatorello (small fishboy), Vincenzo Gemito", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.250458240509033, "source": "wiki", "title": "Bargello" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Museo Bardini (Florence, Italy): Top Tips Before You Go - TripAdvisor", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.9604350328445435, "source": "search", "title": "Museo Bardini (Florence, Italy): Top Tips Before You Go ..." }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Just outside the ancient walls of Florence, Viale Michelangiolo starts. It is a winding road rimmed by wonderful poplars and holm oaks. The long ascent opens up to the most beautiful and famous panoramic viewpoint of Florence: Piazzale Michelangelo, where an elevated terrace offers visitors an incomparable and breathtaking view of the entire city from above. During good weather, Piazzale Michelangelo provides visitors with a serene space surrounded by the amazing landscape, better if accompanied by a fresh gelato from a local kiosk. During night, visitors will be dazzled by the warm lights of the capital of the Renaissance. Spend a second with the silent Romanesque beauty of the Basilica of San Miniato al Monte: the one that wishes good morning and good night to Florence!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.742877960205078, "source": "search", "title": "Museo Bardini (Florence, Italy): Top Tips Before You Go ..." }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Florence Private Guides > News > Florence in a day + Bargello Museum", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.2144129276275635, "source": "search", "title": "Bargello Museum - Florence for you" }, { "answer": "Florentine", "passage": "Orsanmichele: where once the grain market stood, now stands this beautiful yet unusual gothic church of the florentine Guilds. Along its walls, the tabernacles hold masterpieces of different sculptors.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.98426342010498, "source": "search", "title": "Bargello Museum - Florence for you" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "The Mercato Nuovo with its fountain of the Porcellino, one of Florence’s lucky charms.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.508865356445312, "source": "search", "title": "Bargello Museum - Florence for you" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Piazza della Signoria and Palazzo Vecchio, the political center of Florence since the Middle Ages, the Loggia dei Lanzi with its Roman and Renaissance sculptures.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.397500991821289, "source": "search", "title": "Bargello Museum - Florence for you" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Florence On Line : Museums", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.567251205444336, "source": "search", "title": "Florence On Line : Museums" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "While Florence contains some of the world's most famous museums, including the Uffizi Gallery , it also has many other smaller but amazing collections that are well worth seeking out. Browse the entries below for more information about Florence's museums - and don't forget that some of the most amazing works of art in Florence are in her churches.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.886868476867676, "source": "search", "title": "Florence On Line : Museums" }, { "answer": "Firenze", "passage": "The official website of the \"Corridoio Vasariano\" is here: http://www.uffizi.firenze.it/en/musei/index.php?m=vasariano .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.265393257141113, "source": "search", "title": "Florence On Line : Museums" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "The museum was founded by Frederick Stibbert (1836 - 1906), who was born into a huge inheritance from his grandfather and did not work for the rest of his life. Instead of working, Frederick Stibbert dedicated his life to collecting various objects, antiques, and artifacts and turned his villa into a museum. When the size of the collections outgrew the villa, Stibbert hired architect Giuseppe Poggi, painter Gaetano Bianchi and sculptor Passaglia to add on rooms. In 1906, when Stibbert died, his collection was given to the city of Florence and was opened to the public.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.750392913818359, "source": "search", "title": "Florence On Line : Museums" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Orsanmichele is one of the most unique buildings in Florence and a great source of Florentine civic pride. It is famously known for the sculptures of saints placed in the niches or tabernacles on all four sides of the church by the various guilds of Florence. Executed between 1340 and 1602, together they form a timeline of gothic and renaissance art that is perhaps unrivaled in one location. The first sculpture, of St. Stephen by Andrea Pisano, was executed in 1340 - 150 years before Columbus discovered America - the last, St. Luke by Giambologna - was completed over 260 years later.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.73791790008545, "source": "search", "title": "Florence On Line : Museums" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Florence, Italy", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.53085708618164, "source": "search", "title": "Florence On Line : Museums" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "The Opera di Santa Maria del Fiore is a lay institution founded by the Republic of Florence in 1296 to superintend the construction of the new Cathedral and the Campanile. As of 1436, the year in which Brunelleschi's dome was completed and the church was consecrated, the principal task of the Opera became that of conserving the monumental complex which was joined in 1777 by the Baptistry of San Giovanni and in 1891 by the Museum ( Museo dell'Opera del Duomo - photo below) founded to house the works of art which, in the course of centuries, had been removed from the Duomo and the Baptistry. The museum is in Piazza Duomo, behind the dome.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.286138534545898, "source": "search", "title": "Florence On Line : Museums" }, { "answer": "Florentine", "passage": "In 1738 Niccolò and Giuseppe Maria Martelli employed the architect Bernardo Ciurini to transform several houses into the present palace. The interior was decorated in the taste of the period with paintings by Vincenzo Meucci, Bernardo Minozzi and Niccolò Conestabile, and stucco ornamentation by Giovan Martino Portogalli. The fine collection of art works belonging to the family was arranged in a specially designed suite of rooms. This is the last example of an 18th-century Florentine collection, with the exception of the Corsini collection, that has been preserved intact.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.110790252685547, "source": "search", "title": "Florence On Line : Museums" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "The (former) Istituto e Museo di Storia della Scienza in Florence is one of the foremost international institutions in the history of science. Founded in 1927, the Museum is heir to a five century-long tradition of scientific collecting, which has its origins in the central importance assigned to scientists and scientific instruments by the Medici and Lorraine families.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.782325744628906, "source": "search", "title": "Florence On Line : Museums" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Stefano Bardini, an art dealer known for his flair for Renaissance art and his love of blue painted walls, donated his life's labor and the building he housed it all in to the city of Florence in 1922.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.16164493560791, "source": "search", "title": "Florence On Line : Museums" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Florence, Italy 5100", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.653337478637695, "source": "search", "title": "Florence On Line : Museums" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "The museum reflects its owner's taste in layout; Horne was a man of letters, an architect and a critic of some standing who came to Florence at the end of the last century to study the Italian Renaissance. He particularly favored works of art, furniture, ornamental and useful household objects, the contents in fact of the type of Florentine home which he wished to recreate for himself. The result was a large and rich collection, which has been recently rearranged after the damage of the flood of 1966 and which preserves the character of an inhabited home. The most precious piece is the painting representing \"St. Stephen\" by Giotto. The sculptures include works by Desiderio da Settignano, Giambologna and the \"Angels in Glory\" by Bernini.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.035093307495117, "source": "search", "title": "Florence On Line : Museums" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Museo Bardini | Florence | DK Eyewitness Travel", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.488762855529785, "source": "search", "title": "Museo Bardini | Florence | DK Eyewitness Travel" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "View Florence View all Florence sights", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.243715286254883, "source": "search", "title": "Museo Bardini | Florence | DK Eyewitness Travel" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "In 1922 this collection of antiquities was bequeathed to the people of Florence.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.548166275024414, "source": "search", "title": "Museo Bardini | Florence | DK Eyewitness Travel" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Via Maffia 39/R, 50125 Florence, Italy", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.94166088104248, "source": "search", "title": "Museo Bardini, Museum in Florence | Trip Factory" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "I had a reservation for 1 p.m. Showed up at 9 a.m. and got in with no problems. The moral of the story is, show up early and you will have no problems. Great museum, and very few crowds (at least in the morning). I was very pleased to find that my 1 p.m. reservations did not present a hinderance to earleir admission. This is a \"must-see\" destination for Florence.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.670750617980957, "source": "search", "title": "Bargello Museum Tickets, Florence - Select Italy" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Bardini Museum and Casa Siviero Private Tour - Florence", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.6058546304702759, "source": "search", "title": "Bardini Museum and Casa Siviero Private Tour - Florence" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Bardini Museum and Casa Siviero Private Tour Florence - On line booking guided tours and private tours - Bardini Museum and Casa Siviero", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.5180087089538574, "source": "search", "title": "Bardini Museum and Casa Siviero Private Tour - Florence" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "florence", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.93620491027832, "source": "search", "title": "Bardini Museum and Casa Siviero Private Tour - Florence" }, { "answer": "Florentine", "passage": "At home of two big Florentines: the 007 of art and the �bad Stefano�, antiques� merchant.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.863162994384766, "source": "search", "title": "Bardini Museum and Casa Siviero Private Tour - Florence" }, { "answer": "Florentine", "passage": "Rodolfo Siviero lived during the Second World War and is known as the 007 of art because he has recovered most of the Italian artistic heritage from the spoils of war of the enemies and even of the allies. In the beautiful house on the Lungarno rich in works of art from every period we can still visit the library where Siviero hid the codes with the precise placement of statues, paintings, tapestries and other works stolen from the Uffizi Gallery and other Florentine art galleries.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.188096046447754, "source": "search", "title": "Bardini Museum and Casa Siviero Private Tour - Florence" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "Our tours are led by professional guides who are licensed by the city of Florence. They are either native speakers or speak the requested language very well.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.965392112731934, "source": "search", "title": "Bardini Museum and Casa Siviero Private Tour - Florence" }, { "answer": "Florence", "passage": "The vibrant city of Florence , chock full of some of the most world-renowned Renaissance art and architecture, is always surprising us. This week, we were happy to learn that the Bardini Museum, which kept its doors shut for renovations for nearly a decade, has finally reopened .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.5856583714485168, "source": "search", "title": "Florence Tip: Bardini Museum re-opens! | EuroCheapo" } ]

[ { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "Inishmore (Aran Island) - Review of Inishmore, Ireland - TripAdvisor", "precise_score": -0.9678105711936951, "rough_score": -1.7415105104446411, "source": "search", "title": "Inishmore (Aran Island) - Review of Inishmore, Ireland ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "“Inishmore (Aran Island)”", "precise_score": 0.525795578956604, "rough_score": -2.5462987422943115, "source": "search", "title": "Inishmore (Aran Island) - Review of Inishmore, Ireland ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "The three Aran Islands - Inishmor, Inishmaan and Inisheer - ", "precise_score": 5.647157669067383, "rough_score": 7.407161712646484, "source": "search", "title": "Mike Brown's Ireland - Aran Islands" }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "I spent two nights on Inishmor, the largest of the Aran Islands, on my trip in 2007. Inishmor is by far the most touristy of the three, but almost everyone is a day-tripper and goes on a predictable tour route. If you get off the beaten track the isolation is amazing. Stay overnight, and after the last ferry leaves until the first one arrives the next morning, you'll have the island to yourself. I stayed at the Pier House, right at the pier as the name implies, and a nice central place to explore the island. ", "precise_score": 2.659515142440796, "rough_score": 5.2655029296875, "source": "search", "title": "Mike Brown's Ireland - Aran Islands" }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "Inisheer is the easternmost, and smallest, of the Aran Islands. At only two miles across, it's easy to cover the island on foot. ", "precise_score": 3.8698787689208984, "rough_score": 0.33435291051864624, "source": "search", "title": "Mike Brown's Ireland - Aran Islands" }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "The largest island is Inishmore also known as Aranmore. The middle and second-largest is Inishmaan and the smallest and most eastern is Inisheer . Irish is a spoken language on all three islands, and is the language used for the names of the islands and many of the island's villages and place names.", "precise_score": -0.19126947224140167, "rough_score": -0.6780254244804382, "source": "search", "title": "Aran Islands Ireland Aran Islands Galway Aran Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "Inishmor was the next stop, which is the largest of the Aran Islands.", "precise_score": 4.8559980392456055, "rough_score": 6.684170722961426, "source": "search", "title": "The Life of Molly: Adventures Abroad | Story City Herald" }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "Mike Brown's Ireland - Aran Islands", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.832687377929688, "source": "search", "title": "Mike Brown's Ireland - Aran Islands" }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "Aran Islands", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.961592674255371, "source": "search", "title": "Mike Brown's Ireland - Aran Islands" }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "Harbour Seals are common in the waters around the Aran Islands", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.747879028320312, "source": "search", "title": "Mike Brown's Ireland - Aran Islands" }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "As with most of western Ireland, the population of the Aran Islands", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.970763206481934, "source": "search", "title": "Mike Brown's Ireland - Aran Islands" }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "... and much the same view, but from Inishmaan, the next island west. You can see how close the Aran Islands are to each other. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.625613689422607, "source": "search", "title": "Mike Brown's Ireland - Aran Islands" }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "Aran Islands Ireland Aran Islands Galway Aran Islands Galway Ireland County Galway Aran Islands Co Galway", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.035762786865234, "source": "search", "title": "Aran Islands Ireland Aran Islands Galway Aran Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "The Aran Islands are a group of three islands located at the mouth of Galway Bay off the west coast of Ireland.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.3072333335876465, "source": "search", "title": "Aran Islands Ireland Aran Islands Galway Aran Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "Approximately 14 kms (8.7 miles) in length and 3.8 kms(2.4 miles) in width, Inishmore is a walker's paradise. Feel the peace and listen to the silence, between sea and sky, on craggy cliffs or all along a quiet, indented coastline. Aran has an abundance of wildlife and some 437 varieties of wild flowers. If pedalling is your pleasure hire a bike in Kilronan village and meander at will around this lovely island or take a pony and trap, or a guided tour with a modern minibus, from the pier.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.044832706451416, "source": "search", "title": "Aran Islands Ireland Aran Islands Galway Aran Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "Visiting Aran", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.47772216796875, "source": "search", "title": "Aran Islands Ireland Aran Islands Galway Aran Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "You can travel to Aran by ferry boat, directly from Galway City Dockside (90 minutes), Ros a Mhil (Rossaveal) in Connemara (35 / 40 mins), Doolin in Co. Clare (20 mins) or by air from Indreabhan (Inverin) under 10 mins.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.283609390258789, "source": "search", "title": "Aran Islands Ireland Aran Islands Galway Aran Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "You can cycle or see Aran on horseback along the pathways of history on this unique island. Swim in unpolluted seas, study rare flowers and wildlife, write, paint, take pictures, fish for a specimen or just relax, unwind and learn spoken Irish in this bilingual community. And when the Celtic twilight comes, drop in for a quiet pint, or enjoy a wealth of Irish music and dance, at a village or spontaneous session in an Island pub.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.339683532714844, "source": "search", "title": "Aran Islands Ireland Aran Islands Galway Aran Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "Dun Aengus is a fort situated on the edge of a cliff at a height of 100 meters overlooking the Atlantic on the Aran Islands, Inishmore, County Galway. It consists of a series of concentric circular walls, the innermost; the citadel encloses an area approximately 50 meters in diameter with 4m thick walls of stone. These walls have been rebuilt to a height of 6m and have wall walks, chambers, and flights of stairs as well. Two walls of stone that form semicircles from one cliff edge to the other surround it. The innermost of these two walls encloses an area approximately 130m by 100m, and the outer wall encloses about 400m by 200m. (Flanagan 1992) Between the two \"outer walls\" is a small enclosure that extends as if an extension to the first wall. The restored walls are likely noticeable because of the use of mortar. The original walls were of dry stone construction. In all the enclosed area is comprised of approximately 14 acres.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.65153169631958, "source": "search", "title": "Aran Islands Ireland Aran Islands Galway Aran Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "Aran Sweaters", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.42753791809082, "source": "search", "title": "Aran Islands Ireland Aran Islands Galway Aran Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "The Aran sweater first began to emerge in the early part of the twentieth century. The events from which the modern Aran arose from the ashes of earlier and less intricate designs are often debated, but it is reasonable to assume that at least one circumstance had a profound effect on the Aran's evolution. Aran women had always been knitting fisherman's jerseys, or 'ganseys', as islanders call them, to help their husbands and families weather the often-treacherous island conditions. However, during the last decade of the 19th century a government motion to improve the economic livelihood of densely populated rural areas began setting up lacemaking, knitting, and crochet schools around the country. It is reported that artisans were sent from these schools during the last years of the 19th century to teach Aran women how to knit intricate patterns. In the years to follow the women of Aran combined their new skills, artistic brilliance, and the traditions of life upon the sea to create the sweaters we know today. Indeed, the very story of our lives is woven into the sweater - every stitch has a meaning. For instance, there is the 'Ladder of Life' stitch, which symbolizes the pilgrimage to happiness, the 'Tree of Life' which grants good luck to its wearer, and even the stitch of 'Marriage Lines' with zigzags that represent the ups and downs of married life.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.703681945800781, "source": "search", "title": "Aran Islands Ireland Aran Islands Galway Aran Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "Aran Heritage Centre", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.475318908691406, "source": "search", "title": "Aran Islands Ireland Aran Islands Galway Aran Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "A guided tour through the Centre will take you back more than two thousand years in the life and times of the Aran Islands. Vivid exhibitions here will introduce you to the landscape, traditions and culture of these harsh, yet beautiful Atlantic Isles.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.185750961303711, "source": "search", "title": "Aran Islands Ireland Aran Islands Galway Aran Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "The Centre is some three minutes walk from the village of Kilronan. Step up from the Ferryboat or the village and step into the essential Arainn, a window into the lives and times of a resilient people. The Aran Centre vividly reveals the art of curragh making (traditional island boat). Fishing helped the Aran Islanders of past generations eke out a precarious living. The displays show how the bare limestone was literally the bedrock on which they laid down layers of sand, seaweed, and precious soil to nurture their tender crops.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.252812385559082, "source": "search", "title": "Aran Islands Ireland Aran Islands Galway Aran Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "Liam �'Flaherty was born in 1897 in gGort na gCapall on the South coast of Aran. He fought in the First World War and later spent several years travelling the world before he published his first novel, Thy Neighbours Wife in 1923. His short stories in both Irish & English are often based on beautifully captured moments in the lives of the people, the animals and the elements of Aran.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.16513442993164, "source": "search", "title": "Aran Islands Ireland Aran Islands Galway Aran Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "M�irt�n O'D�re�in has been called \"Ireland's unacknowledged poet Laureate\". He was born in 1910 in Sruth�n but left to work in Galway in 1928. His poems, most of which were inspired by life on Aran were all written in Irish, but many have been translated into English.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.279940605163574, "source": "search", "title": "Aran Islands Ireland Aran Islands Galway Aran Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "“Inishmore Aran Islands is a step back in time”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.530741214752197, "source": "search", "title": "Pubs in Kilronan Inishmore. - Inishmore, Ireland Traveller ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "Inishmore Aran Islands is one of the most incredible places I have ever seen! Taking a trip to this Island is like stepping back in time. The roads are all lined with rock walls, and they are so narrow that 2 cars could not pass. There is a bar and supermarket downtown and a Cafe/Pub and a few shops near the fort.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.097491502761841, "source": "search", "title": "Pubs in Kilronan Inishmore. - Inishmore, Ireland Traveller ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "Oh and one more thing Aran Island authorities, please get rid of the obnoxious Supermacs eyesore on the harbour front.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.315897941589355, "source": "search", "title": "Pubs in Kilronan Inishmore. - Inishmore, Ireland Traveller ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "Peter at Inishmore House can organise golf packages, including transport to and from the golf course, at the hosts are able to organise tours with their local expertise. Guests are 50.7 miles from Connemara National Park, and can reach Rossaveel within a 45-minute drive to take the ferry to the Aran Islands.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.303669929504395, "source": "search", "title": "Guesthouse Inishmore House, Galway, Ireland - Booking.com" }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "\"The cliffs were incredible, like the Aran Islands, but the weather was crazy,\" commented Molly. \"I’ve never been pushed around by the wind so much. If I have ever been close to flying, this was the day. It was a neat experience in all, but made for a very long day, as we were on the bus driving most of the time.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.184664726257324, "source": "search", "title": "The Life of Molly: Adventures Abroad | Story City Herald" }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "Kilmurvey House (Aran Islands/Inishmore, Ireland) - UPDATED 2016 B&B Reviews - TripAdvisor", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.253424644470215, "source": "search", "title": "Kilmurvey House, Jul 2016 (Aran Islands/Inishmore, Ireland ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "Location: Ireland > Western Ireland > Province of Connacht > County Galway > Aran Islands > Inishmore", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.772109031677246, "source": "search", "title": "Kilmurvey House, Jul 2016 (Aran Islands/Inishmore, Ireland ..." }, { "answer": "Aran", "passage": "Kilmurvey House Aran Islands/Inishmore, Ireland", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.972269535064697, "source": "search", "title": "Kilmurvey House, Jul 2016 (Aran Islands/Inishmore, Ireland ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "The construction in the early 20th century of a large enclosing dam (the Afsluitdijk ) tamed the Zuiderzee. The creation of this dam was a response to the flood of January 1916. Plans for closing the Zuiderzee had been made over thirty years earlier but had not yet passed in parliament . With the completion of the Afsluitdijk in 1932, the Zuiderzee became the IJsselmeer , and large areas of water could be reclaimed for farming and housing. These areas, known as polders , were respectively the Wieringermeer , the Noordoostpolder , and Flevoland . This enormous project under the direction of Cornelis Lely , called the Zuiderzeeworks , ran from 1919 to 1986, culminating in the creation of the new province of Flevoland . The reclamation project was originally intended to reclaim the former southwestern portion of the Zuiderzee, a body of water now known as the Markermeer , but this final stage of the reclamation project was indefinitely postponed in the 1980s.", "precise_score": 4.985609531402588, "rough_score": 3.0905704498291016, "source": "search", "title": "Zuider Zee - The Full Wiki" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "The Zuider Zee ( Dutch : Zuiderzee) was a former shallow inlet of the North Sea in the northwest of the Netherlands , extending about 100 km inland and at most 50 km wide, with an overall depth of about 4 to 5 meters and a coastline of about 300 km. Its name means \"southern sea\" in Dutch, indicating that the origin of the name can be found in Friesland to the north of the Zuiderzee (also see North Sea ). In the 20th century the majority of the Zuiderzee was closed off from the North Sea (leaving the mouth of the inlet to become part of the Wadden Sea ) and the salt water inlet changed into a fresh water lake called the IJsselmeer ( IJssel -lake) after the river that drains into it. The river IJssel is an estuary branch of the river Rhine.", "precise_score": 3.834451198577881, "rough_score": 4.845273971557617, "source": "search", "title": "Zuider Zee - Fact-index.com" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "The 20th century would see the taming of the Zuiderzee as a large closing dam (the Afsluitdijk ) was constructed. Completed in 1932 , the Zuiderzee was now the IJsselmeer and large areas of water could be reclaimed for farming and housing. This enormous project, called the Zuiderzeeworks , ran from 1919 to 1986 , culminating in the creation of the new province of Flevoland .", "precise_score": 5.422749042510986, "rough_score": 5.223368167877197, "source": "search", "title": "Zuider Zee - Fact-index.com" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "The construction in the early 20th century of a large enclosing dam (the Afsluitdijk) tamed the Zuiderzee. The creation of this dam was a response to the flood of January 1916. Plans for closing the Zuiderzee had been made over thirty years earlier but had not yet passed in parliament. With the completion of the Afsluitdijk in 1932, the Zuiderzee became the IJsselmeer, and large areas of water could be reclaimed for farming and housing. These areas, known as polders, were respectively the Wieringermeer, the Noordoostpolder, and Flevoland.", "precise_score": 4.752962589263916, "rough_score": 2.901667594909668, "source": "search", "title": "The Zuiderzee – ( Southern Sea ) | Makelaar Amsterdam e.o ..." }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "Ijsselmeer is a shallow artificial lake, the largest in the Netherlands and in Western Europe. The lake was created in 1932 and was initially part of the Zuider Zee, but was closed off by a man-made dyke.", "precise_score": 6.321846008300781, "rough_score": 7.690641403198242, "source": "search", "title": "IJsselmeer: The Largest Lake in Western Europe - Lakepedia" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "At the end of the 18th century the trading declined, so even the wealthier ports were economically stranded. The Zuider Zee supported a batch of fishing villages. In 1891 Cornelis Lely, a Dutch civil engineer and statesman proposed a retaining dyke to solve the flooding crisis in the area. Concrete plans were made after another devastating flood in 1916. Construction work began in 1920 and on the 28th of May 1932 the last gap was closed and the Zuider Zee ceased to exist, being replaced by the IJsselmeer.", "precise_score": 3.575732707977295, "rough_score": 5.559537410736084, "source": "search", "title": "IJsselmeer: The Largest Lake in Western Europe - Lakepedia" }, { "answer": "Lake ijssel", "passage": "Greatest projects of all have developed recently. First: the reclaiming of the Zuider Zee. This large inlet is now an artificial lake, having been closed off from the sea by the 18-mile Closing Dyke (finished in 1932). Then the pumps went to work, and there are now two polders drained; covered with farms. Pumping goes on. Eventually, over half the Zuider Zee will be filled with polders. Reclaimed soil rich and fertile — it's never been used. Hence, farm produce from these polders is highest in Europe. Dyke building is expensive, but pays for itself because of the productivity of the new lands. Problem, however, is ridding soil of salt, which takes time. Retreating Nazis blew up one of the dykes on Zuider Zee, flooding one polder. Later the holes were repaired and by 1950 the polder was flourishing with farms. Since the Zuider Sea is no longer a \"sea\", it has been renamed Lake Ijssel, after River Ijssel flowing into it.", "precise_score": 6.630362510681152, "rough_score": 8.351678848266602, "source": "search", "title": "Holland vs. the Sea - Passports" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "The Zuiderzee (; old spelling Zuyderzee) was a shallow bay of the North Sea in the northwest of the Netherlands, extending about 100 km (60 miles) inland and at most 50 km (30 miles) wide, with an overall depth of about 4 to 5 metres (13–16 feet) and a coastline of about 300 km (200 miles). It covered . Its name means \"southern sea\" in Dutch, indicating that the name originates in Friesland, to the north of the Zuiderzee (cf. North Sea). In the 20th century the majority of the Zuiderzee was closed off from the North Sea (leaving the mouth of the inlet to become part of the Wadden Sea) and the salt water inlet changed into a fresh water lake called the IJsselmeer (IJssel Lake) after the river that drains into it, and by means of drainage and polders, an area of some 1500 km2 was reclaimed as land. This land eventually became the province of Flevoland, with a population of nearly 400,000 (2011).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.05210580304265022, "source": "wiki", "title": "Zuiderzee" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "The construction in the early 20th century of a large enclosing dam (the Afsluitdijk) tamed the Zuiderzee. The creation of this dam was a response to the flood of January 1916. Plans for closing the Zuiderzee had been made over thirty years earlier but had not yet passed in parliament. With the completion of the Afsluitdijk in 1932, the Zuiderzee became the IJsselmeer, and large areas of water could be reclaimed for farming and housing. These areas, known as polders, were respectively the Wieringermeer, the Noordoostpolder, and Flevoland. This enormous project under the direction of Cornelis Lely, called the Zuiderzee Works, ran from 1919 to 1986, culminating in the creation of the new province of Flevoland. The reclamation project was originally intended to also reclaim the former southwestern portion of the Zuiderzee, a polder that would have been called the Markerwaard, but this final stage of the reclamation project was indefinitely postponed in the 1980s.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.819591999053955, "source": "wiki", "title": "Zuiderzee" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "Plans were developed during the second half of the nineteenth century to protect areas from the force of the open sea and creating new agricultural land. Cornelis Lely (after whom Lelystad is named) was an ardent supporter, an engineer and later government minister. His 1891 plan was the basis for the development of what were to become the Zuiderzee Works. It consisted of a large dam connecting the northern tip of North Holland with the western coast of Friesland and the creation of initially four polders in the northwest, the northeast, southeast (later split in two), and southwest of what would be renamed the IJsselmeer (IJssel-lake). Two major lanes of open water were defined for shipping and drainage. The initial body of water affected by the project was 3500 km2. Opposition came from fishermen along the Zuiderzee who would lose their livelihood, and from others in coastal areas along the more northerly Wadden Sea. They feared higher water levels as a result of the closure. Other critics doubted whether the project was feasible financially.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.101846218109131, "source": "wiki", "title": "Zuiderzee Works" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "Construction progressed better than expected. At three points along the line of the dam were underwater gullies, where the tidal current was much stronger than elsewhere. These had been considered major obstacles to completing the dam, but proved not to be so. On May 28, 1932, two years earlier than forecast, the Zuiderzee was closed when the last tidal trench of the Vlieter was filled with a bucket of till. The IJsselmeer was born, though the lake still contained salt water at the time.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.7320592403411865, "source": "wiki", "title": "Zuiderzee Works" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "The dam was not finished. It still needed to be brought up to its full height, and a road linking Friesland and North Holland remained to be built. In addition to completing the dam, work needed was construction of shipping locks and discharge sluices at the ends of the dam. The complex at Den Oever includes the Stevin lock and three series of five sluices for discharging the IJsselmeer into the Wadden Sea. The other complex at Kornwerderzand is composed of the Lorentz locks and two series of five sluices, making a total of 25 discharge sluices. Periodically discharging the lake is necessary since it is continually fed by rivers and streams (most notably the IJssel River, for which the lake is named) and polders draining excess water into the IJsselmeer.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.362065315246582, "source": "wiki", "title": "Zuiderzee Works" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "After damming off the sea, the next step involved creating new land, known as polders. This was achieved by damming off portions of the IJsselmeer, and then pumping all the water out. The first polder, Wieringermeer, was dammed in 1929 and fully drained in 1930. The third, the Noordoostpolder, was not fully drained until 1942. It was an area much used by the Dutch Underground resistance during World War II, as the fresh polder offered numerous hiding places.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.677701950073242, "source": "wiki", "title": "Zuiderzee Works" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "The original 1891 plan called for the largest, southeastern polder to be built after the Wieringermeer, but it was decided in 1932 to give precedence to the northeastern one, which was smaller and therefore considered easier. This would be the Noordoostpolder (Northeast-polder). Due to initial financial difficulties, construction did not begin until 1936. Two dikes, totaling 55 km in length, steadily grew in the IJsselmeer, one from Lemmer in Friesland to the island of Urk, the other from Vollenhove in Overijssel to Urk. Construction of these dikes and the necessary pumping stations was disrupted during World War II during the 1940 German conquest of the Netherlands. The encircling dikes were both closed in December 1940, and the pumping stations started draining in early 1941. The Noordoostpolder was considered to be sufficiently drained in September 1942, and the developmental process was started for the 480 km² of new land.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.9189043045043945, "source": "wiki", "title": "Zuiderzee Works" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "The task of building the Noordoostpolder was eased by the earlier experience, the now placid waters of the IJsselmeer, and the mechanisation of the construction process. Machines, sometimes made specifically for the Zuiderzee Works, were increasingly used for this and the final polders. Land usage was much the same as in the Wieringermeer, again focusing on farming. Less fertile areas were designated to be planted as forest land. Land in the polders was state-owned during the entire developmental process. Several years after this was completed, the various plots were distributed among private parties, with priority given to the early pioneers who had been in the polder since the start. Later, farmers from all over the Netherlands became eligible for the remainder. Candidates were put through a selection process before receiving their own pieces of new land.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.124184608459473, "source": "wiki", "title": "Zuiderzee Works" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "The period following World War II was spent restoring the Wieringermeerpolder and catching up with work on the Noordoostpolder. Soon attention turned towards the next project: Eastern Flevoland (Oostelijk Flevoland), which at 540 km² was the largest of the new polders. In 1950 work commenced on several construction-islands in the middle of the IJsselmeer, the largest of which would be Lelystad-Haven, which initially housed a community of dike-builders.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.121369361877441, "source": "wiki", "title": "Zuiderzee Works" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "Markerwaard is a planned fifth polder that has never been completed. It was intended to build a south-western polder, to be called the Markerwaard, at several times during the project, but other polders took precedence. Parts of it have been built; in 1941 it was decided to begin work on the first section of dike, but the German occupiers stopped construction that same year. This dike originated on Marken, the last of the IJsselmeer islands, and went north for some 2 km where it ends abruptly today. After World War II, the eastern polder was chosen as the next project, but Marken was not wholly ignored; on October 17, 1957 a 3.5 km long dike was closed, running south of the now former island to the North Holland mainland.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.666446685791016, "source": "wiki", "title": "Zuiderzee Works" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "When construction started in 1959 on a new dike it had not yet been decided whether this would be the northern dike of Southern Flevoland or the southern dike of the Markerwaard, but the choice eventually fell to the former and another chance for the Markerwaard had passed. A minor flood near Amsterdam in 1960 had demonstrated the danger a large IJsselmeer still presented. A further planned element of the Markerwaard was subsequently executed: a 28 km dike between Lelystad and Enkhuizen, including two complexes of locks and discharge sluices at either end, was to split the IJsselmeer in two, with the largest portion (1250 km²) continuing as the IJsselmeer and the smaller lake (700 km²) being named the Markermeer. Construction of this dike, known later as the Houtribdijk or Markerwaarddijk, progressed slowly, lasting from 1963 to 1975, after which it also served as an important road connection between the north of North Holland and the eastern Netherlands. The Houtribdijk did not however result in the construction of the rest of the Markerwaard, as many had hoped.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.344791412353516, "source": "wiki", "title": "Zuiderzee Works" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "The engineers found that a type of material called till (or boulder clay) made an excellent base for the dam. As the name suggests it is a mixture of small boulders and clay that was deposited during the Glacial Period. Fortunately it was readily available as it could be obtained by simply dredging it up from the bottom of the Zuiderzee. The till was loaded into ships which hauled it out to the mouth of the bay and dropped it onto two parallel lines along what would be the course of the dam. The space between the two rows of till was filled with regular sand, and then a layer of till was placed on top. To complete the base of the dam a coating of basalt rock and willow branches was laid down. The dam's design called for it to rise 25 feet above sea level, so another layer of sand was placed to top of that, which was covered with another deposit of till. The surface was then planted with grass to help guard against erosion. The project proceeded faster than planned and was two years ahead of schedule when on May 28, 1932 the last connection to the sea was closed that the Zuiderzee became a lake named Ijsselmeer. Then dam took another year to fully complete as a road was built along the top and 25 sluices were constructed to allow excess water in the lake to be discharged to the sea. Two sets of locks were also created to allow ships to move in and out of the Ijsselmeer to the ocean. It is estimated the dam cost the equivalent of $710 million in 2004 United States dollars.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.113012313842773, "source": "search", "title": "The Seven Mondern Wonders - The Zuiderzee and Delta Works" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "The Dutch considered building a fifth polder in the Ijsselmeer, but after several false starts, it was never completed. Even so the territory created by the project totaled over 895 square miles.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.247116088867188, "source": "search", "title": "The Seven Mondern Wonders - The Zuiderzee and Delta Works" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "A major flood in the region during January 1953 killed more than 1,800 people when a storm surge caused 89 dikes to fail. Over 72,000 residents had to be evacuated and 10,000 houses and buildings were destroyed. Repair and reconstruction cost nearly a billion dollars. This prompted the government move forward with the project as quickly as it could. Originally the plan called for estuaries Oosterschelde, Haringvliet and Grevelingen to be dammed and turned into lakes, just like the Ijsselmeer. Because of environmental concerns, however, it was decided to protect the Oosterschelde from storm surges by a barrier instead. The storm surge barrier is a series of massive values that are normally open so that water can move in and out of the estuary. This helps preserve the natural environment. However the valves can be closed to create a dam during a storm so no high water enters the area. Another storm surge barrier was also built to protect the river Nieuwe Waterweg when raising the existing levees along the waterway proved too difficult.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.453432083129883, "source": "search", "title": "The Seven Mondern Wonders - The Zuiderzee and Delta Works" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "[ˈzœydərzeː] ) was a shallow inlet of the North Sea in the northwest of the Netherlands , extending about 100 km (62 miles) inland and at most 50 km (31 miles) wide, with an overall depth of about 4 to 5 metres (13-16 feet) and a coastline of about 300 km (186 miles). It covered 5,000 km² (2,000 square miles). Its name means \"southern sea\" in Dutch, indicating that the origin of the name can be found in Friesland to the north of the Zuiderzee (also see North Sea ). In the 20th century the majority of the Zuiderzee was closed off from the North Sea (leaving the mouth of the inlet to become part of the Wadden Sea ) and the salt water inlet changed into a fresh water lake called the IJsselmeer ( IJssel -lake) after the river that drains into it. The river IJssel is an estuary branch of the river Rhine (Dutch: Rijn).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.4499294757843018, "source": "search", "title": "Zuider Zee - The Full Wiki" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "In the 20th century the majority of the Zuiderzee was closed off from the North Sea (leaving the mouth of the inlet to become part of the Wadden Sea) and the salt water inlet changed into a fresh water lake called the IJsselmeer (IJssel lake) after the river that drains into it. The river IJssel is an estuary branch of the river Rhine (Dutch: Rijn).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.7924026846885681, "source": "search", "title": "The Zuiderzee – ( Southern Sea ) | Makelaar Amsterdam e.o ..." }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "IJsselmeer in Netherlands - 1,100 km2 - Ijssel Lake Facts, Map", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.305974960327148, "source": "search", "title": "IJsselmeer: The Largest Lake in Western Europe - Lakepedia" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "IJsselmeer Information and Facts", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.505491256713867, "source": "search", "title": "IJsselmeer: The Largest Lake in Western Europe - Lakepedia" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "IJsselmeer lies northeast of Amsterdam, surrounded by an open and green landscape. The lake belongs to the Flevoland, North Holland and Friesland provinces and has an average depth of 5-6 meters. It is fed by several rivers, including the Amstel, Rhine, Vecht and the Ijssel, which is a branch of the Rhine. IJsselmeer functions as a major freshwater reserve, and as a source for agriculture and drinking water.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.688441276550293, "source": "search", "title": "IJsselmeer: The Largest Lake in Western Europe - Lakepedia" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "The 32-kilometers long Afsluitdijk dam is located 8 meters above sea level. It wasa originally part of a major hydraulic engineering project, which years later led to the reclaiming of the land from the IJsselmeer, reducing the lake’s original surface area. In 1975 the lake further split into two, thanks to the completion of the Houtribdijk. This is located on the southwestern end of the lake and is called Markermeer. The province of Flevoland was established in 1986, and is made up of three polders reclaimed from the lake.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.190178871154785, "source": "search", "title": "IJsselmeer: The Largest Lake in Western Europe - Lakepedia" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "Lake Kefelmeer is a narrow lake located East of IJsselmeer, which gets its water from rivers which contain industrial pollutants from the factories lying upstream. This waste settled into the bottom of the lake, in a thick layer of contaminated sludge. In 2010 attempts have been made in order to restore a normal aquatic environment. An artificial island called IJsseloog was installed on the lake, as a repository for the contaminated water dredged from the bottom of the lake. Once this repository is filled, it will be capped and transformed into a nature reserve.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.136042594909668, "source": "search", "title": "IJsselmeer: The Largest Lake in Western Europe - Lakepedia" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "Stretching north from Amsterdam to the island of Texel, the province of Noord-Holland is largely rural, its polder landscapes of green, pancake-flat fields intercepted by hundreds of drainage canals and ditches, and its wide horizons only interrupted by the odd farmhouse or windmill. The province’s west coast is defended from the ocean by a long belt of sand dunes, which is itself shielded by long and broad sandy beaches, and it’s these that attract holidaying Netherlanders. Much of the east coast has been reclaimed from what was once the saltwater Zuider Zee and is now, after the construction of two complementary dykes, the freshwater Markermeer and IJsselmeer. Here, along this deeply indented coast, lies a string of old seaports which flourished from the fourteenth to the eighteenth century on the back of the sea trade with the Baltic.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.2376821041107178, "source": "search", "title": "Noord-Holland Guide | Netherlands Travel | Rough Guides" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "The Zuiderzee (; old spelling Zuyderzee) was a shallow  bay  of the  North Sea  in the northwest of the  Netherlands , extending about 100 km (60 miles) inland and at most 50 km (30 miles) wide, with an overall depth of about 4 to 5 metres (13–16 feet) and a coastline of about 300 km (200 miles). It covered . Its name means \"southern sea\" in Dutch, indicating that the name originates in  Friesland , to the north of the Zuiderzee (cf.  North Sea ). In the 20th century the majority of the Zuiderzee was closed off from the North Sea (leaving the mouth of the inlet to become part of the  Wadden Sea ) and the salt water inlet changed into a fresh water lake called the  IJsselmeer  ( IJssel  Lake) after the river that drains into it, and by means of drainage and  polders , an area of some was reclaimed as land. This land eventually became the province of  Flevoland , with a population of nearly 400,000 (2011).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.015922680497169495, "source": "search", "title": "Zuider Zee - Free definitions by Babylon" }, { "answer": "Ijsselmeer", "passage": "The Zuiderzee (; old spelling Zuyderzee) was a shallow bay of the North Sea in the northwest of the Netherlands, extending about 100 km (60 miles) inland and at most 50 km (30 miles) wide, with an overall depth of about 4 to 5 metres (13–16 feet) and a coastline of about 300 km (200 miles). It covered . Its name means \"southern sea\" in Dutch, indicating that the name originates in Friesland, to the north of the Zuiderzee (cf. North Sea). In the 20th century the majority of the Zuiderzee was closed off from the North Sea (leaving the mouth of the inlet to become part of the Wadden Sea) and the salt water inlet changed into a fresh water lake called the IJsselmeer (IJssel Lake) after the river that drains into it, and by means of drainage and polders, an area of some was reclaimed as land. This land eventually became the province of Flevoland, with a population of nearly 400,000 (2011).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.015922680497169495, "source": "search", "title": "Zuider zee definition by Babylon’s free dictionary" } ]

[ { "answer": "Sicily", "passage": "Syracuse ( or) is a city in, and the county seat of, Onondaga County, New York, in the United States. It is the largest U.S. city with the name \"Syracuse\", and is the fourth most populous metropolitan city in the state of New York. At the 2010 census, the city population was 145,170, and its metropolitan area had a population of 732,117. It is the economic and educational hub of Central New York, a region with over a million inhabitants. Syracuse is also well-provided with convention sites, with a downtown convention complex and, directly west of the city, the Empire Expo Center, which hosts the annual Great New York State Fair. Syracuse was named after the original Greek city Syracuse (Siracusa in Italian), a city on the eastern coast of the Italian island of Sicily.", "precise_score": 5.357534408569336, "rough_score": 5.330039978027344, "source": "wiki", "title": "Syracuse, New York" }, { "answer": "Sicily", "passage": "Jesuit missionaries visiting the Syracuse region in the mid 1600s reported salty brine springs around the southern end of \"Salt Lake\", known today as Onondaga Lake. The 1788 Treaty of Fort Stanwix, and the subsequent designation of the area by the state of New York as the Onondaga Salt Springs Reservation provided the basis for commercial salt production from the late 1700s through the early 1900s; brine from wells that tapped into halite (common salt) beds in the Salina shale near Tully, New York, 15 miles south of the city were developed in the 19th century. It is the north flowing brine from Tully that is the source of salt for the \"salty springs\" found along the shoreline of Onondaga lake. The rapid development of this industry in the 18th and 19th centuries led to the nicknaming of Syracuse as \"The Salt City\". In 1847, the city was officially named after Syracuse, Sicily, which at the time was also famous for its salt mining industry. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.528057813644409, "source": "wiki", "title": "Syracuse, New York" } ]

[ { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Sullom Voe is an inlet between North Mainland and Northmavine on Shetland in Scotland. It is a location of the Sullom Voe oil terminal. The word Voe is from the Old Norse vagr and denotes a small bay or narrow creek. ", "precise_score": -0.09538377821445465, "rough_score": -0.8660596013069153, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sullom Voe" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "The first crude oil was discovered in the North Sea in 1969, and soon thereafter construction began on the oil terminal at Sullom Voe, north east of the village of Brae, which became operational in 1975 and was completed in 1982, becoming the largest in Europe. Oil flows via pipeline from the Brent and Ninian oil fields to be loaded onto tankers at Sullom Voe. It has recently begun to serve North Atlantic oil fields as well.", "precise_score": 1.0298155546188354, "rough_score": -2.5913357734680176, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sullom Voe" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "The BP-operated Sullom Voe oil terminal on the Shetland Islands was initiated in 1975, and received its first production volumes from the Brent field in 1978. One of the largest oil terminals in Europe, Sullom Voe receives a mixture of crude oil and NGL for processing and export. Sullom Voe is the landing point for the Brent and Ninian oil Pipeline Systems, shuttle tankers from Foinaven, and the West of Shetlands Gas pipeline system. In September 2000, the Sullom Voe Terminal became a ...", "precise_score": 4.436614513397217, "rough_score": 4.276916027069092, "source": "search", "title": "Sullom Voe Terminal | Wood Mackenzie" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "A new dawn for Sullom Voe oil terminal. Photo BP THE WORKFORCE at BP’s Sullom Voe oil terminal in Shetland is to double for the best part of a decade as part of a massive investment to make it fit for the next 30 years.", "precise_score": -1.0160220861434937, "rough_score": -0.9498453736305237, "source": "search", "title": "Sullom Voe to get new lease of life | Shetland News" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "BP plans June maintenance at UK Sullom Voe oil port | Hellenic Shipping News Worldwide", "precise_score": -2.4974758625030518, "rough_score": -4.5871453285217285, "source": "search", "title": "BP Plans June Maintenance At UK Sullom Voe Oil Port ..." }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Home / Shipping News / Port News / BP plans June maintenance at UK Sullom Voe oil port", "precise_score": -2.935800790786743, "rough_score": -3.943437099456787, "source": "search", "title": "BP Plans June Maintenance At UK Sullom Voe Oil Port ..." }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "BP plans June maintenance at UK Sullom Voe oil port", "precise_score": -2.717139482498169, "rough_score": -4.411141395568848, "source": "search", "title": "BP Plans June Maintenance At UK Sullom Voe Oil Port ..." }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "BP is planning maintenance at Britain’s Sullom Voe oil terminal in the second half of June, a company spokesman said, the outlet for one of the four North Sea crudes that underpin the global Brent benchmark.", "precise_score": -0.41872695088386536, "rough_score": -2.7204606533050537, "source": "search", "title": "BP Plans June Maintenance At UK Sullom Voe Oil Port ..." }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Oil is imported from the Dons field via an 8” pipeline, and combined with the oil produced by the Thistle platform. The combined oil production is exported from the Thistle platform within a 16” oil export pipeline through the Brent Pipeline System via the Dunlin and Cormorant platforms to the Sullom Voe Oil Terminal.", "precise_score": 1.29935884475708, "rough_score": 1.188891887664795, "source": "search", "title": "Infrastructure – EnQuest" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "The Heather installation is designed to accept production fluids from Heather field and Broom field via subsea tieback. The production fluids are processed and separated into oil, gas and water. The processed oil is exported to the Sullom Voe Terminal via Ninian Central platform, while the gas is routed through compression trains for lift gas purpose.", "precise_score": -0.7046670913696289, "rough_score": -4.159300327301025, "source": "search", "title": "Infrastructure – EnQuest" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "The Port of Sullom Voe is a major deep water harbour in the Shetland Islands at most northern part of United Kingdom.  The discovery of oil in the 1970's in the North Sea led to the growth and development of this port.  Europe's largest oil refinery is situated in Sullom Voe with the local port facilitating the shipping in and out of U.K.", "precise_score": 1.900889277458191, "rough_score": 0.3677026629447937, "source": "search", "title": "Shipping UK - Import From China Business" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Crude oil is transferred through an underwater pipeline from the oil fields located about 100 miles (160 km) northeast of the Shetland Islands in the North Sea to the onshore pipeline terminal at Sullom Voe.  Large oil tankers are loaded and shipping UK is conducted from here.  The Port of Sullom Voe is owned and operated by Shetland Islands Council as Harbour Authority.  In addition to liquid bulk cargo, the port handles quarried rock and general, dry, bulk, RoRo (roll on roll off vessels carrying wheeled cargo such as automobiles) and containerized cargo.", "precise_score": 0.703311562538147, "rough_score": -1.2213174104690552, "source": "search", "title": "Shipping UK - Import From China Business" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "LONDON, March 23 BP is planning maintenance at Britain's Sullom Voe oil terminal in the second half of June, a company spokesman said, the outlet for one of the four North Sea crudes that underpin the global Brent benchmark.", "precise_score": -0.49947234988212585, "rough_score": -3.3024191856384277, "source": "search", "title": "UPDATE 1-BP plans June maintenance at UK Sullom Voe oil ..." }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "The Voe, the longest in Shetland, and partially sheltered by the island of Yell was used as a military airfield during World War II both by the Royal Air Force and the Norwegian Air Force as a location for flying boats. With the coming of the oil terminal, the remains of the airbase were upgraded and modernised to create Scatsta Airport which is primarily used to service the terminal.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.317693710327148, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sullom Voe" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "When Shetland was identified as a location to provide pipeline terminal and support facilities for off-shore oil installations in the northern North Sea, corporations involved had expected to each build their own terminal facilities. However, wishing to minimise the negative impacts of the industry, the Shetland Islands Council (SIC), with power granted to it by the UK Parliament in the 1974 Zetland County Council Act (ZCC Act), were able to contain all pipeline terminal facilities at the Sullom Voe site, now operated by BP on behalf of a consortium of companies operating in the North Sea and North Atlantic.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.324807167053223, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sullom Voe" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "A commodity market is a market that trades in primary economic sector rather than manufactured products. Soft commodities are agricultural products such as wheat, coffee, cocoa and sugar. Hard commodities are mined, such as gold and oil. Investors access about 50 major commodity markets worldwide with purely financial transactions increasingly outnumbering physical trades in which goods are delivered. Futures contracts are the oldest way of investing in commodities. Futures are secured by physical assets. Commodity markets can include physical trading and derivatives trading using spot prices, forwards, futures, and options on futures. Farmers have used a simple form of derivative trading in the commodity market for centuries for price risk management.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.860441207885742, "source": "wiki", "title": "Commodity market" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Cash commodities or \"actuals\" refer to the physical goods—e.g., wheat, corn, soybeans, crude oil, gold, silver—that someone is buying/selling/trading as distinguished from derivatives.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.524935722351074, "source": "wiki", "title": "Commodity market" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Commodity ETFs trade provide exposure to an increasing range of commodities and commodity indices, including energy, metals, softs and agriculture. Many commodity funds, such as oil roll so-called front-month futures contracts from month to month. This provides exposure to the commodity, but subjects the investor to risks involved in different prices along the term structure, such as a high cost to roll.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.026876449584961, "source": "wiki", "title": "Commodity market" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "A commodities exchange is an exchange where various commodities and derivatives are traded. Most commodity markets across the world trade in agricultural products and other raw materials (like wheat, barley, sugar, maize, cotton, cocoa, coffee, milk products, pork bellies, oil, metals, etc.) and contracts based on them. These contracts can include spot prices, forwards, futures and options on futures. Other sophisticated products may include interest rates, environmental instruments, swaps, or freight contracts.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.148907661437988, "source": "wiki", "title": "Commodity market" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Energy commodities include crude oil particularly West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil and Brent crude oil, natural gas, heating oil, ethanol and purified terephthalic acid. Hedging is a common practice for these commodities.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.224658966064453, "source": "wiki", "title": "Commodity market" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Crude oil and natural gas", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.280919075012207, "source": "wiki", "title": "Commodity market" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "For many years, West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil, a light, sweet crude oil, was the world’s most-traded commodity. WTI is a grade used as a benchmark in oil pricing. It is the underlying commodity of Chicago Mercantile Exchange's oil futures contracts. WTI is often referenced in news reports on oil prices, alongside Brent Crude. WTI is lighter and sweeter than Brent and considerably lighter and sweeter than Dubai or Oman. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.009599685668945, "source": "wiki", "title": "Commodity market" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Crude oil can be light or heavy. Oil was the first form of energy to be widely traded. Some commodity market speculation is directly related to the stability of certain states, e.g., Iraq, Bahrain, Iran, Venezuela and many others. Most commodities markets are not so tied to the politics of volatile regions.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.067831993103027, "source": "wiki", "title": "Commodity market" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Oil and gasoline are traded in units of 1,000 barrels (42,000 US gallons). WTI crude oil is traded through NYMEX under trading symbol CL and through Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) under trading symbol WTI. Brent crude oil is traded in through Intercontinental Exchange under trading symbol B. Gulf Coast Gasoline is traded through NYMEX with the trading symbol of LR. Gasoline (reformulated gasoline blendstock for oxygen blending or RBOB) is traded through NYMEX via trading symbol RB. Propane is traded through NYMEX, a subsidiary of Intercontinental Exchange since early 2013, via trading symbol PN.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.827618598937988, "source": "wiki", "title": "Commodity market" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Natural gas is traded through NYMEX a subsidiary of Intercontinental Exchange in units of 10,000 mmBTU with the trading symbol of NG. Heating oil is traded through NYMEX, a subsidiary of Intercontinental Exchange, under trading symbol HO.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.228291511535645, "source": "wiki", "title": "Commodity market" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "In February 2013, Cornell Law School included lumber, soybeans, oilseeds, livestock (live cattle and hogs), dairy products. Agricultural commodities can include lumber (timber and forests), grains excluding stored grain (wheat, oats, barley, rye, grain sorghum, cotton, flax, forage, tame hay, native grass), vegetables (potatoes, tomatoes, sweet corn, dry beans, dry peas, freezing and canning peas), fruit (citrus such as oranges, apples, grapes) corn, tobacco, rice, peanuts, sugar beets, sugar cane, sunflowers, raisins, nursery crops, nuts, soybean complex, aquacultural fish farm species such as finfish, mollusk, crustacean, aquatic invertebrate, amphibian, reptile, or plant life cultivated in aquatic plant farms.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.762650489807129, "source": "wiki", "title": "Commodity market" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "In 1900, corn acreage was double that of wheat in the United States. But from the 1930s through the 1970s soybean acreage surpassed corn. Early in the 1970s grain and soybean prices, which had been relatively stable, \"soared to levels that were unimaginable at the time.\" There were a number of factors affecting prices including the \"surge in crude oil prices caused by the Arab Oil Embargo in October 1973 (US inflation reached 11% in 1975).\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.354086875915527, "source": "wiki", "title": "Commodity market" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Rubber trades on the Singapore Commodity Exchange in units of 1 kg priced in US cents. Palm oil is traded on the Malaysian Ringgit (RM), Bursa Malaysia in units of 1 kg priced in US cents. Wool is traded on the AUD in units of 1 kg. Polypropylene and Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LL) did trade on the London Metal Exchange in units of 1,000 kg priced in USD but was dropped in 2011.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.614849090576172, "source": "wiki", "title": "Commodity market" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "One of the more popular soft commodity solutions is called Just Commodity, based in Singapore this application caters to a large number of palm oil, edible oil, sugar and wheat trading businesses.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.837394714355469, "source": "wiki", "title": "Commodity market" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "This Upstream Oil and Gas Pipeline report provides an overview of participation, cost, development, throughput and sales contract information to help if you're considering potential development solutions.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.503271102905273, "source": "search", "title": "Sullom Voe Terminal | Wood Mackenzie" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Potential investors, governments and companies in the oil and gas sector can use this pipeline report to understand critical issues at pipeline level. You can also use this report to identify potential benefits and risks with the pipeline.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.4710693359375, "source": "search", "title": "Sullom Voe Terminal | Wood Mackenzie" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "The UK is an ultra-mature region that has been producing hydrocarbons offshore since 1967. To date 44 billion boe of oil and gas has ...", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.051970481872559, "source": "search", "title": "Sullom Voe Terminal | Wood Mackenzie" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "United Kingdom oil supply summary", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.44379711151123, "source": "search", "title": "Sullom Voe Terminal | Wood Mackenzie" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "The picture for oil/NGL production from the United Kingdom (UK) is broadly similar to that for its North Sea neighbour Norway, although...", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.337446212768555, "source": "search", "title": "Sullom Voe Terminal | Wood Mackenzie" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Integrated Oil Company", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.477487564086914, "source": "search", "title": "Sullom Voe Terminal | Wood Mackenzie" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "We work across every sector of oil, gas, power, renewables, chemicals, metals and mining, covering more than 150 countries. Our proprietary data and models are at the core of everything we do, ensuring our independent asset and company valuations are thoroughly robust and that we offer an accurate forward-looking view of economic indicators such as market supply, demand and price trends.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.213226318359375, "source": "search", "title": "Sullom Voe Terminal | Wood Mackenzie" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Work also begins this summer on exploring how to extract even more oil from the enormous Clair oil field, as part of a project named Greater Clair that would give the terminal an even longer life.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.473770141601562, "source": "search", "title": "Sullom Voe to get new lease of life | Shetland News" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Old pipework is already being demolished as part of the refurbishment. Photo BP Peter Miller, BP’s vice president of North Sea mid stream who is responsible for the terminal and the oil fields, said the company was giving Sullom Voe “a whole new lease of life”.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.191965103149414, "source": "search", "title": "Sullom Voe to get new lease of life | Shetland News" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Terminal manager Arthur Spence said they needed experienced oil and gas people to come to Shetland to do the work, especially trained engineers.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.51203727722168, "source": "search", "title": "Sullom Voe to get new lease of life | Shetland News" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "BP believe there could be much more oil and gas to be found offshore around Shetland which is becoming more accessible due to technological advances.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.462197303771973, "source": "search", "title": "Sullom Voe to get new lease of life | Shetland News" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Oil & Gas UK say that the industry has plans to invest almost £100 billion in the North Sea area, including west of Shetland.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.433080673217773, "source": "search", "title": "Sullom Voe to get new lease of life | Shetland News" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "\"The suspension of oil production from the Schiehallion field is a phased process and is expected to cease completely toward the end of February,\" a BP spokesman had told Platts on February 21.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.429630279541016, "source": "search", "title": "UK Brent loadings drop to zero Mar 6-12 from 173,086 b/d ..." }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Loadings of Brent in March 6-12 were reduced by an unplanned shutdown of the Cormorant Alpha oil platform on March 2.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.465349197387695, "source": "search", "title": "UK Brent loadings drop to zero Mar 6-12 from 173,086 b/d ..." }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Wine added that there was no maintenance shutdown planned at the same time at the Forties oil pipeline. Traders said a news report of such a shutdown at Forties had briefly boosted Brent futures on Monday.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.348620414733887, "source": "search", "title": "BP Plans June Maintenance At UK Sullom Voe Oil Port ..." }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Fluids from the Thistle and Deveron reservoirs are recovered through platform drilled wells. The produced oil flows is processed through a two stage production separation system. Stabilised oil is metered and exported using the direct oil export pumps to the Brent Pipeline System. The original gas compression system has been decommissioned hence a small volume of gas separated from the oil is flared. Produced water is cleaned and discharged to the sea.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.596879005432129, "source": "search", "title": "Infrastructure – EnQuest" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Oil evacuation system", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.502957344055176, "source": "search", "title": "Infrastructure – EnQuest" }, { "answer": "Petro", "passage": "The Kittiwake platform was installed in 1990 and is a fixed steel platform on the Kittiwake field with other fields being developed as subsea satellite tie‐backs to the Kittiwake platform. The subsea satellites consist of; Goosander (block 21/12), Grouse (block 21/19), Gadwall (block 21/19) and Mallard (block 21/19). These fields are collectively known as the Greater Kittiwake Area. Petrofac are the current duty‐holders, operating the installation on behalf of Enquest. Enquest and Dana Petroleum are 50/50 partners in the Greater Kittiwake Area.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.416726112365723, "source": "search", "title": "Infrastructure – EnQuest" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Fluids from the Kittiwake reservoir are recovered through platform drilled wells and the Goosander, Grouse, Gadwall and Mallard reservoirs are recovered through subsea tiebacks. Originally designed for tanker export, the produced oil flows through a 4 stage crude stabilisation system. Mallard and Gadwall have their own dedicated first stage separator in parallel, before the oil is co‐mingled upstream of the second stage separator.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.50206470489502, "source": "search", "title": "Infrastructure – EnQuest" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Stabilised oil is metered then exported using the oil export pumps to the Forties Pipeline System via a 10\" oil export line to Forties Unity. Produced gas is compressed and used for fuel and gas lift. The surplus gas is exported via a 4\" export line to the near‐by SEGAL gas pipeline. Produced water is cleaned and discharged overboard to the sea.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.860977172851562, "source": "search", "title": "Infrastructure – EnQuest" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Oil evacuation system", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.502957344055176, "source": "search", "title": "Infrastructure – EnQuest" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Oil is exported via a 33km, 10\" pipeline (installed in 2007) from the platform to the BP operated Forties Unity platform. Oil used to be exported onto a shuttle tanker using a single point mooring system, which was removed in 2008.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.598816871643066, "source": "search", "title": "Infrastructure – EnQuest" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "The company is moving at speed with the project, which commenced three years ago with a road being laid across peat moorland to reach the secluded site next to the BP-operated Sullom Voe oil terminal in Shetland’s north mainland.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.473011493682861, "source": "search", "title": "Gas plant takes shape as costs go up | Shetland News" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Alwyn North started operating in 1987 and has maintained production levels of around 140 million barrels of oil equivalent per day (boe/d) since then by tying in seven neighbouring fields with an eighth being drilled at the moment.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.214094161987305, "source": "search", "title": "Gas plant takes shape as costs go up | Shetland News" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "He said the company employed 100 local people on site, and he was proud they were putting 15 islanders through OPITO apprenticeships to become oil and gas technicians at a cost of £250,000 per person per year.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.516271591186523, "source": "search", "title": "Gas plant takes shape as costs go up | Shetland News" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "The Humber Port handles more cargo than any other port in UK. This port plays an integral part in the local economy.  The energy sector relies heavily on the Humber Port as coal, natural gas and oil are transported in and out of here.  As the country's leading port, the Humber Port receives significant investment from its operators, Able Humber Port.  ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.243714332580566, "source": "search", "title": "Shipping UK - Import From China Business" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "ro (roll on roll off) ferries and cargo of all types.  Items transported in and out of the Port of London include: timber, paper, vehicles, aggregates, crude oil, petroleum products, liquefied petroleum gas, coal, metals, grain and other dry and liquid bulk materials.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.235100746154785, "source": "search", "title": "Shipping UK - Import From China Business" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Port of Milford Haven is a large natural deep sheltered harbor located in Pembrokeshire, West Wales.  It is the largest port in Wales and is one of the largest ports in UK.  Formerly a fishing port, the Port of Milford is now a dedicated oil port with three oil refineries nearby.  It is also a passenger port and a roll on roll off port for vessels mainly travelling to and from Ireland.  This is the port of one of Europe's worst oil disasters in 1996 where an oil tanker named the Sea Empress spilled 72,000 tons of crude oil into the sea.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.310625076293945, "source": "search", "title": "Shipping UK - Import From China Business" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "The Port of Liverpool covers an area of 2,000 acres with an enclosed 7.5 mile dock system.  With over 4 million square feet of modern logistics facilities, this port is UK's largest importer of grain, the largest exporter of scrap metal and the leading timber port since the 13th century.  The port of Liverpool is one of the major trading ports with Ireland and the eastern seaboard of North America.  It handles a diverse group of goods ranging from animal feed, coal, cocoa, crude oil, edible oils, liquid chemicals and others.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.802465438842773, "source": "search", "title": "Shipping UK - Import From China Business" }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "UPDATE 1-BP plans June maintenance at UK Sullom Voe oil port | Reuters", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.6479010581970215, "source": "search", "title": "UPDATE 1-BP plans June maintenance at UK Sullom Voe oil ..." }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "UPDATE 1-BP plans June maintenance at UK Sullom Voe oil port", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.175577163696289, "source": "search", "title": "UPDATE 1-BP plans June maintenance at UK Sullom Voe oil ..." }, { "answer": "Oil", "passage": "Wine added that there was no maintenance shutdown planned at the same time at the Forties oil pipeline. Traders said a news report of such a shutdown at Forties had briefly boosted Brent futures on Monday.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.348620414733887, "source": "search", "title": "UPDATE 1-BP plans June maintenance at UK Sullom Voe oil ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "The Atomium ( ) is a building in Brussels originally constructed for Expo 58, the 1958 Brussels World's Fair. Designed by the engineer André Waterkeyn and architects André and Jean Polak, it stands 102 m tall. Its nine 18 m diameter stainless steel clad spheres are connected so that the whole forms the shape of a unit cell of an iron crystal magnified 165 billion times. It is a museum.", "precise_score": 7.089931488037109, "rough_score": 5.500077247619629, "source": "wiki", "title": "Atomium" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Atomium (Brussels, Belgium): Top Tips Before You Go - TripAdvisor", "precise_score": 5.367525100708008, "rough_score": 4.456639289855957, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium - Brussels - Reviews of Atomium - TripAdvisor" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Atomium - City of Brussels", "precise_score": 7.355080604553223, "rough_score": 8.011466979980469, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium - City of Brussels" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "The Atomium, symbol of Brussels and Belgium, is an international tourist attraction. This unique piece of architecture, created on the occasion of the World Fair of Brussels in 1958, became the most popular monument of the capital of Europe.", "precise_score": 8.08614730834961, "rough_score": 6.7187066078186035, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium - City of Brussels" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "The Atomium is one of the “attractions” that I would recommend skipping if your on a tighter traveling schedule. Yes its nice and somewhat interesting, but I’d have to say its more impressive on the outside than inside. Its better to take a photo in front of the Atomium, admire its shininess and then go back to the city center. The Atomium is located 8kms north of Brussels Centrum (centrum being the cool word for european city centers). So if you can take the Brussels city tour bus to see the Atomium, that’s about all you need.", "precise_score": 6.971024036407471, "rough_score": 7.46382999420166, "source": "search", "title": "Brussels Tourism: Atomium - The Chron-nicoles" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Take a tour of Brussels, the capital city of the European Union, on this 2.5-hour trip that takes you to the most important sites in the city: Grand Place, the Atomium, St. Michael and St. Gudula Cathedral, Jubelpark, the European Parliament, and more.", "precise_score": 6.030869007110596, "rough_score": 6.252835750579834, "source": "search", "title": "Brussels Grand City Tour - GetYourGuide" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Atomium in Brussels", "precise_score": 6.211328506469727, "rough_score": 5.971685409545898, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Building of the Atomium in Brussels(via http://t.co/ZaopYz2uxS) http://t.co/3sglwEpQiw", "precise_score": 5.794704437255859, "rough_score": 4.1914849281311035, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Atomium in Brussels, Belgium. wasdesigned to open the world exhibition in 1958. #travel http://t.co/WUlHbCf4N5", "precise_score": 6.150280475616455, "rough_score": 4.606353759765625, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "The Atom #brussels #belgium @ Atomium Parc https://t.co/l6wvW9UL22", "precise_score": 4.648549556732178, "rough_score": 5.087063789367676, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Discounts at the Atomium on presentation of an City Sightseeing Brussels / Open-Tours ticket.", "precise_score": 4.909961700439453, "rough_score": 5.403026103973389, "source": "search", "title": "access :: practical - Atomium" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Atomium in Brussels, | Expedia", "precise_score": 5.356200695037842, "rough_score": 4.3027167320251465, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels, | Expedia" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "The Atomium is one of the most recognizable structures in Brussels, and one of the strangest. The futuristic steel building features nine stainless steel balls connected by large metal tubes to resemble an iron crystal. It was originally constructed as the centerpiece for Belgium’s 1958 World Expo. Today, the newly renovated Atomium can be seen from across town or photographed from below in the beautiful Ossegempark. The public can visit four of the Atomium’s upper spheres. One of the spheres contains a restaurant while others contain permanent exhibitions. The Atomium is the most popular attraction in Brussels and will appeal to families, history enthusiasts and those with an appreciation for innovative design.", "precise_score": 6.209156036376953, "rough_score": 4.364995002746582, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels, | Expedia" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "The Atomium was the main pavilion and icon of the World Fair of Brussels (1958), commonly called Expo 58. It symbolised the democratic will to maintain peace among all the nations, faith in progress, both technical and scientific and, finally, an optimistic vision of the future of a modern, new, super-technological world for a better life for mankind.", "precise_score": 4.942610740661621, "rough_score": 4.243673801422119, "source": "search", "title": "history :: the Atomium" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Over and above the symbolic value linked to its history, the Atomium has become one of the icons of the city of Brussels: capital of Europe, with which it has a special relationship . Since its inspired restoration (2006), the landmark that many people call the most Belgian monument, is also a museum with its permanent collections and temporary exhibitions .", "precise_score": 8.259178161621094, "rough_score": 6.428030014038086, "source": "search", "title": "history :: the Atomium" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Tubes of 3 m diameter connect the spheres along the 12 edges of the cube and all eight vertices to the centre. They enclose stairs, escalators and a lift (in the central, vertical tube) to allow access to the five habitable spheres which contain exhibit halls and other public spaces. The top sphere includes a restaurant which has a panoramic view of Brussels. CNN named it Europe's most bizarre building. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.622611045837402, "source": "wiki", "title": "Atomium" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "“A must see if in Brussels!”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.351129531860352, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium - Brussels - Reviews of Atomium - TripAdvisor" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Things to do in Brussels Belgium: Tours & Sightseeing | GetYourGuide.com", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.191364288330078, "source": "search", "title": "Brussels: Guided Tour Atomium & European Neighborhood" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "See all tours & things to do in Brussels", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.345479965209961, "source": "search", "title": "Brussels: Guided Tour Atomium & European Neighborhood" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Top attractions in Brussels", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.173282623291016, "source": "search", "title": "Brussels: Guided Tour Atomium & European Neighborhood" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "MIM Brussels", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.900958061218262, "source": "search", "title": "Brussels: Guided Tour Atomium & European Neighborhood" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Brussels Town Hall", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.66769790649414, "source": "search", "title": "Brussels: Guided Tour Atomium & European Neighborhood" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "A marvellous specimen of Gothic architecture, the Brussels Town Hall is just one of the many magnificent buildings that line Brussels' spectacular central square, the Grande Place.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.36766242980957, "source": "search", "title": "Brussels: Guided Tour Atomium & European Neighborhood" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "One of Brussels' most popular attractions for many years now, Mini-Europe features some 350 famous landmarks from across Europe, painstakingly reproduced in miniature scale.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.457598686218262, "source": "search", "title": "Brussels: Guided Tour Atomium & European Neighborhood" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Legend has it, a young boy's bladder once saved Brussels from destruction. Today, the boy's statue stands atop a fountain , displaying his city-saving abilities to all the world.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.98977279663086, "source": "search", "title": "Brussels: Guided Tour Atomium & European Neighborhood" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Planning Your Brussels Visit", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.307544708251953, "source": "search", "title": "Brussels: Guided Tour Atomium & European Neighborhood" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Belgium is justly famous for its beers. Brussels is ideal for discovering the country's rich brewing history, which spans several centuries—hit up any of the city's many beer halls and discover beer like you've never tasted it before.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.982559204101562, "source": "search", "title": "Brussels: Guided Tour Atomium & European Neighborhood" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "This page has been automatically translated from French into English by a translation software. Automatic translations are not as accurate as translations made by professional human translators. Nevertheless these pages can help you understand information published by the City of Brussels.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.340704917907715, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium - City of Brussels" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "The Atomium (at the Heysel) was created by the architect André Waterkeyn on the occasion of the World Fair of Brussels in 1958. Its original structure symbolizes an iron crystal enlarged 165 billion times. In the 1950s, the atom was at the center of attention as the almost inexhaustible symbol of energy and modernity...", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.2720248699188232, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium - City of Brussels" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Five balls of the Atomium are open to the public today. The basic sphere is dedicated to the permanent exhibition on the birth of the Atomium and the World Fair of 1958. Other balls welcome temporary exhibitions and multimedia installations. A whole sphere is reserved for children, with workshops and a place for sleeping for groups. The Atomium also welcomes concerts, projections of films, conferences,... Finally, the heighest ball is a restaurant with a great view on Brussels today.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.5663917064666748, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium - City of Brussels" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Brussels Tourism: Atomium - The Chron-nicoles", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.8959221839904785, "source": "search", "title": "Brussels Tourism: Atomium - The Chron-nicoles" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "So, if you’re lucky and the exhibition happens to be on a topic you’re interested in and you decide to go for it, I think the first level is the most interesting so take your time there. Although, I have to warn you the first image you see coming up the steps to the first sphere is a GIGANTIC photo of a 90 something year-old woman (the oldest person to visit the Atomium at the time of its opening). Not the prettiest sight to see, but at least now you are prepared. On the first level you can read about the history and about the time when the Atomium was built. I like the statistics board which gives you all kinds of fun facts about the types of visitors who came to the Atomium when it was opened for the World Fair of Brussels in 1958. You can see how many people visited, how many babies were born, how many cars parked there, etc. etc.; one of the best parts of the whole Atomium visit. Like the Effiel Tower, the Atomium was supposed to be taken down after the Expo, but it wasn’t. So now its a not-so-attractive (on the inside) tourist attraction.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.545321941375732, "source": "search", "title": "Brussels Tourism: Atomium - The Chron-nicoles" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "The other levels/spheres feature information and some props on various topics which change every “month” or so. When I went the first time (yes I’ve gone more than once, I had visitors from out of town), the theme was on the time period of the 1960s. There were samples of furniture, architecture, household appliances, etc. from the period. It was interesting to see how people lived in the ’60s and imagine what it would have been like for them to visit the Expo. But as I went up through the different levels, the exposition got less interesting. The best part was the long escalator and peaking outside the round ship-like windows at the Brussels skyline.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.430021286010742, "source": "search", "title": "Brussels Tourism: Atomium - The Chron-nicoles" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "P.S. There is a “restaurant” at the top level of the Atomium. Skip it! Its overpriced, it doesn’t have a pleasant atmosphere (kind of like a grungy basement from the ’60s, unless that’s your thing) and the snacks are definately not as good as what you can find elsewhere in Brussels. It definately doesn’t have restuarant food.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.890809535980225, "source": "search", "title": "Brussels Tourism: Atomium - The Chron-nicoles" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Brussels Grand City Tour", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.32406234741211, "source": "search", "title": "Brussels Grand City Tour - GetYourGuide" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Brussels Grand City Tour", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.32406234741211, "source": "search", "title": "Brussels Grand City Tour - GetYourGuide" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Pick-up at the hotel if the hotel is in the city center in Brussels. Provide your hotel name and address. Pick-up is 30 minutes before departure.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.105255126953125, "source": "search", "title": "Brussels Grand City Tour - GetYourGuide" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Who hasn’t dreamt of seeing Brussels? A tour of Brussels is a good introduction to Belgium.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.315435409545898, "source": "search", "title": "Brussels Grand City Tour - GetYourGuide" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "The #Atomium plays hide & seek in #Brussels. #Repost inti_rock. #morning #bruxelles #bruss… http://t.co/VFDwP0e8kv http://t.co/KCoteGEaIW", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.511582612991333, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Posted by The Hotel Brussels - 2 years ago", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.398934364318848, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Bruxelle", "passage": "L'Atomium, now. #Bruxelles ❄️❄️ http://t.co/MFXe76QPFL", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.5773675441741943, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "#Brussels #Atomium by #night , unit cell of #ironcrystal - Europe's most bizarre building according to CNN. #arch... http://t.co/OEc77mSmV1", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.4151370525360107, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Killer image. And for once some tags: #brussels #expo58 #atomium http://t.co/aGS0nFHmOF", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.06425142288208, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Showing the skyline to freetherobots #brussels #highoutput #atomium http://t.co/5dArByyYvU", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.9041904211044312, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Always welcome in Belgium! Feat Stunning @Tesla_Europe #ModelS & #Atomium #Tesla #EV #Brussels http://t.co/fZ0ghQs6wO http://t.co/GrV9Vws9sx", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.3836459219455719, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "The extraordinary #Atomium in Brussels represents the relationship between modern science and man. #WidenYourWorld http://t.co/OW8SM0WDIK", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.9996099472045898, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Awesome!! Protest for Europe’s dolphins attracts hundredshttp://t.co/pcwiqpbonF#Brussels #Atomium #Tweet4Dolphins http://t.co/5ggCMEZpdY", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.22752204537391663, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Join demo 'Close #dolphinaria in #Europe' 6/28 @ Atomium in Brussels! #CaptivityKills close all European dolphinaria! http://t.co/R10LotDC8H", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.162302017211914, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Dear People of Belgium: Come to our live podcast at the Brussels Atomium this Saturday! Details below http://t.co/aMQnIO6Ywx", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.6530853509902954, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Day in Brussels with my princess @paubea8ser👸, first stop: Atomium 👭 http://t.co/6GFoFg9IXd", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.1294143199920654, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "#designexhibitions #Brussels @atomium | \"Intersections #3 Belgian Design\" http://t.co/xGFSVxVhOw", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.2450294494628906, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "#Brussels #Cycling Classic on Saturday 6 September (Cinquantenaire-Atomium): http://t.co/VObqb1A904", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.632627487182617, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Posted by City of Brussels - 2 years ago See image", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.620809555053711, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Our #Wingseat solution: Brussels! You can see the @atomium clearly. Well done to those who knew. http://t.co/lFt6YNXrcZ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.095424175262451, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "@NiallOfficial the atomium in Brussels turned very niall-ish for your birthday!! http://t.co/5qnQF3qW5o", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.5035065412521362, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Ruskin in Brussels: First blossoms around the Atomium http://t.co/IdVlVmDZCD", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.701407551765442, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Little view after work ✨💫 #atomium #brussels #belgium https://t.co/VLXrnY0982", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.808929979801178, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Whoa! The 9 round balls represents the 9 regions of Kingdon of Belgium ;) #Atomium #Brussels #Belgium… https://t.co/vj6DzZtQMi", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.638776779174805, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "MGM Café: Party at the foot of the atomium in Bruparck, just a stone's throw from Kinepolis and publ... http://t.co/iYyBp0nyqb #Brussels", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.5289301872253418, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Posted by discoverbrussels - 2 years ago See image", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.555181503295898, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Incredible photo of the \"Atomium\" under construction, World's Fair, Brussels, 1958 (and what it looks like today.) http://t.co/kheEVmMXhs", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.961843490600586, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Spiky red sculpture installed beneath the Atomium monument in Brussels: http://t.co/4tiXFYbGTI http://t.co/DLJPAzX39u", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.8599377870559692, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Lunch at the #atomium in #Brussels with great American #meetingplanners #visitflanders #steigenberger http://t.co/WPH3tNY7KW", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.1411577463150024, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Photo of the Day: Brussels, Belgium http://t.co/QlVIeYOjha #atomium #backpacking #belgium #brussels", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.03919865936040878, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Christophe Willem announced a show at the Atomium in Brussels on March 3rd, 2015! Tickets are on sale already: http://t.co/fksdO1shfO", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.0603669881820679, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Brussels' Atomium was built in 1958 for the World Exhibition and still shines brightly this holiday season! http://t.co/Ab51AA2gYm", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.7255792021751404, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels - Your personal City Map straight in ..." }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Do you want to see the capital’s most beautiful areas, from North to South and from East to West without worrying about getting lost? Nothing could be simpler than the City Sightseeing Brussels / Open-Tours tourist buses. Hop on and hop off wherever you want and explore a particular district in your own time before getting back on the bus to get to your next destination", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.228367805480957, "source": "search", "title": "access :: practical - Atomium" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "The strangest piece of architecture in Brussels is a series of steel spheres that can be seen from across the city. The site houses a restaurant and museum.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.395840644836426, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels, | Expedia" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Explore More of Brussels", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.28135871887207, "source": "search", "title": "Atomium in Brussels, | Expedia" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "A seminal totem in the Brussels skyline; neither tower, nor pyramid, a little bit cubic, a little bit spherical, half-way between sculpture and architecture, a relic of the past with a determinedly futuristic look, museum and exhibition centre; the Atomium is, at once, an object, a place, a space, a Utopia and the only symbol of its kind in the world, which eludes any kind of classification.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.8388419151306152, "source": "search", "title": "history :: the Atomium" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "Follow Expo 58 - Universal Worldfair of Brussels on Pinterest.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.282058715820312, "source": "search", "title": "history :: the Atomium" }, { "answer": "Brussels", "passage": "The Atomium was not intended to survive beyond the 1958 World Fair but its popularity and success soon made it a key landmark, first of Brussels then internationally.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.1583772897720337, "source": "search", "title": "history :: the Atomium" } ]

[ { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "The Societé Anonyme Belge d'Exploitation de la Navigation Aérienne, (French; \"Belgian Corporation for Air Navigation Services\"), better known internationally by the acronym Sabena or SABENA, was the national airline of Belgium from 1923 to 2001, with its base at Brussels National Airport. After its bankruptcy in 2001, the newly formed SN Brussels Airlines took over part of Sabena's assets in February 2002, which became Brussels Airlines after a merger with Virgin Express in March 2007. The airline's corporate headquarters were located in the Sabena House on the grounds of Brussels Airport in Zaventem. ", "precise_score": 3.782177209854126, "rough_score": 4.918603420257568, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "Sabena began operations on 23 May 1923 as the national carrier of Belgium. The airline was created by the Belgian government after their predecessor SNETA (Syndicat national pour l'étude des transports aériens) - formed in 1919 to pioneer commercial aviation in Belgium - ceased operations. Sabena operated its first commercial flight from Brussels to London (UK) on 1 July 1923, via Ostend. Services to Rotterdam (Netherlands) and Strasbourg (France) were launched on 1 April 1924. The Strasbourg service was extended to Basle (Switzerland) on 10 June 1924. Amsterdam (Netherlands) was added on 1 September 1924, and Hamburg (Germany) followed on 1 May 1929 via Antwerp, Düsseldorf, and Essen.", "precise_score": -0.8738568425178528, "rough_score": -1.5898317098617554, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "When Sabena was created, the airline was partly funded by Belgians in the Belgian Congo colony who lost their air service, an experimental passenger and cargo company (LARA) between Léopoldville, Lisala, and Stanleyville a year earlier and who expected the new Belgian national airline to fill this gap. On 12 February 1925, Sabena pioneered a long haul across Africa to Leopoldville, capital of the Belgian Congo. Throughout their history, Sabena had a long tradition of service to African destinations and for a long time these were the only profitable routes served by the airline.", "precise_score": -1.4206587076187134, "rough_score": -1.8652249574661255, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "In Europe, Sabena opened services to Copenhagen and Malmö in 1931 and a route to Berlin was initiated in 1932. The mainstay pre-war airliner that Sabena used in Europe was the successful Junkers Ju-52/3m airliner. The airline's pre-war routes covered almost 6,000 km within Europe. While the Brussels Haren airport was Sabena's main base, the company also operated services from other Belgian airports, and had a domestic network that was mainly used by businessmen who wanted to be in their coastal villas for the weekend.", "precise_score": -2.5567967891693115, "rough_score": -5.561673164367676, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "For the 1958 world exposition in Brussels, Sabena leased two Lockheed Super Constellations from Seaboard World Airlines, using them mainly on transatlantic routes. In the same period, there were experiments with helicopter passenger service using Sikorsky S-58 aircraft from Brussels to Antwerp, Rotterdam, Eindhoven and the Paris heliport at Issy-les-Moulineaux.", "precise_score": -1.4522687196731567, "rough_score": -1.8790576457977295, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "1960 and 1961 saw a major upheaval for Sabena in the Congo. Widespread rioting against Belgian colonials in the months leading up to, and after the independence of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, caused thousands of Belgians to flee the country. The Belgian government commandeered Sabena's entire long haul fleet to get the refugees back to Europe. Independence also meant the end of the impressive regional network of routes that the airline had built up in the Congo since 1924. When the new republic began its own airline, Air Congo, in June 1961, Sabena held 30 percent of that airline's shares.", "precise_score": -5.084269046783447, "rough_score": -3.0181870460510254, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "In an advertisement in National Geographic June 1982 (volume 161, no. 6) Sabena prided itself with a superior inflight service. \"And unlike most European airlines Sabena still offers First Class service within Europe and all the way through.\" This advertisement also states that \"Sabena flies to 76 destinations on 4 continents\" and uses the slogan \"belgian world airlines\" (written with no capital letters).", "precise_score": 2.475114345550537, "rough_score": -2.952726364135742, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "A new name, Sabena World Airlines, and colours were introduced for the 1990s. The new livery had an overall white colour and the white circle tail logo in blue on the fin. A large \"Sabena\" title covered the fuselage in light blue and the name \"Belgian World Airlines\" was at times just visible, though the title was also painted on the fuselage in small, clear letters. The 1990s saw further fleet type renewal: the DC-10-30s were replaced with twin-engined Airbus A330 and the Boeing 747s with four-engined Airbus A340.", "precise_score": 4.122905254364014, "rough_score": 3.6357810497283936, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "Around 1987, SAS tried to merge with the carrier, but the merger was blocked by the Belgian authorities. In 1989, British Airways and KLM purchased stakes in Sabena, which were later sold back to the Belgian government. In 1993, Air France purchased a large minority stake in Sabena, which it sold soon after. Finally, in 1995, Swissair purchased a 49 percent stake in Sabena and took over management.", "precise_score": -3.5397486686706543, "rough_score": -4.442788124084473, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "Sabena used landplanes for their Congo operations and a program of aerodrome construction was initiated in the Congo. This was finished in 1926 and Sabena immediately began flights within the Belgian colony, the main route being Boma-Léopoldville-Élisabethville, a 2,288 km (1,422 mi) route over dense jungle. First, flights were operated with De Havilland DH.50s, although these were quickly replaced by the larger Handley Page W.8f which had three engines and offered ten seats.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.412013053894043, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "By 1931 Sabena's fleet, including the aircraft used on the Congo network, totalled 43 aircraft. Their mainstay type was the Fokker F.VIIB with a lesser number of smaller Fokker VIIA and 14 Handley-Page types. They also flew British Westland Wessex aircraft.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.034344673156738, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "Sabena occasionally flew to tropical Africa, Belgium's Congo colony, but mostly these aircraft were shipped out. There was no direct flight yet between Belgium and the colony. As the 1930s progressed, Sabena cooperated with Air France and Deutsche Luft Hansa, who also had interests in routes to destinations across Africa.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.102174758911133, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "Sabena's first long-haul flight to the Congo occurred on 12 February 1935 and took five and a half days, for which Sabena used a Fokker F-VII/3m aircraft. The following year, Sabena purchased the Savoia-Marchetti SM.73 airliner. With a speed of 300 km/h (200 mph), it reduced the journey time taken to only four days, and the Sabena service ran on alternate weeks to an Air Afrique service.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.286702156066895, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "At the outbreak of World War II in 1939, Sabena 's fleet totalled 18 aircraft. Their mainstay fleet type was the Savoia-Marchetti SM.73 airliner (they had 11 of the type) and the Junkers Ju-52/3m airliner (they had five). Sabena also had just taken delivery of two Douglas DC-3s.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.913063049316406, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "After the war, in 1946 Sabena resumed operating a network of intra-European scheduled services. The fleet initially consisted mainly of Douglas DC-3s. There were thousands of surplus C-47 Dakotas (the military variant of the DC-3) available to help airlines restart operations after the war. The airline now flew under the name of SABENA - Belgian World Airlines.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.986793518066406, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "Sabena started their first transatlantic route to New York City on 4 June 1946, initially using unpressurised Douglas DC-4 airliners which were augmented and later replaced by Douglas DC-6Bs. The DC-4s, followed by the DC-6s, also restarted the airline's traditional route to the Belgian Congo. Sabena was the first airline to introduce transatlantic schedules from the north of England, when its DC-6B OO-CTH inaugurated their Brussels-Manchester-New York route on 28 October 1953.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.342690944671631, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "On 3 June 1954, a Yugoslav Air Force Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 (NATO reporting name \"Fagot\") attacked a Sabena-operated Douglas DC-3 on a cargo flight from the United Kingdom to Yugoslavia, killing the radio operator and wounding both the captain and engineer. Co-pilot Douglas Wilson managed to land in Austria but the plane suffered significant damage. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.721364974975586, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "1960 saw the introduction of the Boeing 707-320 intercontinental jet for trans-Atlantic flights to New York. SABENA was mainland Europe's first airline to operate a jet across the Atlantic (BOAC - now British Airways - had been flying jet transatlantic services using the de Havilland Comet 4 since 4 October 1958). Tragically, one of SABENA's aircraft became the first Boeing 707 to crash while in commercial service when Flight 548 crashed while preparing to land at Brussels on 15 February 1961. The United States Figure Skating Team was aboard the aircraft, en route from New York to Prague via Brussels to compete in a figure skating championship.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.45193099975586, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "The Douglas DC-6B remained in service with Sabena in the mid-1960s although they were no longer used on the airline's main routes. The Boeing 707s and Caravelles became the mainstay types during this decade.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.177970886230469, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "1971 saw the introduction of the Boeing 747-100 on transatlantic routes flying alongside the Boeing 707-320Cs. Sabena, like many other trans-Atlantic airlines, was satisfied with the Boeing 707s. For commercial reasons they recognised that they had to buy jumbo jets for their prestige services, notably New York JFK and as of the mid-seventies, Chicago O'Hare. Sabena purchased only two first generation jumbo jets and they continued to fly the 707 into the late 1970s.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.83435344696045, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "The Douglas DC-10-30 entered service in 1974. In total, Sabena purchased five of these convertible (Passengers and/or freight) combi aircraft wide-body jets.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.379805564880371, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "In 1984 Airbus A310s were introduced on routes that had high passenger density. This aircraft type also introduced a modernisation of the 1973 Sabena livery, in which a lighter blue was used and the titles on the fuselage were in a more modern style.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.046561241149902, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "In 1989 Sabena invited Belgian fashion designer Olivier Strelli to create a new range of uniforms for their cabin crews.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.114572525024414, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "After the liberalisation of the airline industry and the Gulf War, it became apparent that Sabena had little chance of surviving on its own in this very competitive market. The Belgian government, the main shareholder of the company, began searching for a suitable partner.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.187843322753906, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "Sabena remained in a poor financial state, and year after year the Belgian government had to cover losses. The government was however prevented from providing new funds due to EU State Aid rules.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.583112716674805, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "In 1993 Sabena's head office was in the Air Terminus building on Rue Cardinal Mercier in Brussels. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.032306671142578, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "In 1994, Paul Rusesabagina, a manager for Sabena-owned hotels in the former Belgian territory of Rwanda, sheltered over 1,200 Tutsis and moderate Hutus at the Hôtel des Mille Collines of Kigali, saving them from being slaughtered by the Interahamwe militia during the Rwandan genocide (this is depicted in the motion picture Hotel Rwanda). ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.257633209228516, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "1999 saw new colours introduced to the fleet, beginning with an Airbus A340. One of the latest fleet types that Sabena introduced, right after the A321 and A320 was the A319 which saw service in 2000. These new planes were part of a record-order of 36 Airbuses, imposed on Sabena when under Swissair management.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.218507766723633, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "After an airline recession and the effects on the airline industry of the September 11 attacks in 2001, all airlines that flew across the Atlantic suffered. Swissair had pledged to invest millions in Sabena but failed to do so, partly because the airline had financial problems itself, having declared bankruptcy one month prior. The company filed for legal protection against its creditors on 3 October, and went into liquidation on 6 November 2001. Fred Chaffart, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Sabena, read a declaration on this day to explain the decision.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.14807415008545, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "November 7, 2001, was the final day of operations for Sabena. Flight 690 from Abidjan, Ivory Coast, to Brussels via Cotonou, Benin, was the last Sabena flight to land in Brussels. An Airbus A340-300 registered as OO-SCZ operated the flight.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.228113174438477, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "A group of investors managed to take over Delta Air Transport, one of Sabena's subsidiaries, and transformed it into SN Brussels Airlines.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.530948638916016, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "The Belgian Parliament formed a committee to investigate the reasons behind the bankruptcy of Sabena and the involvement of Switzerland's flag carrier. At the same time, the company's administrator investigated possible legal steps against Swissair, and its successors in interest Swiss International Air Lines and Lufthansa.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.155915260314941, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "On 16 January 2007 the Belgian - Flemish news program Terzake reported that during the nineties, several members of the board were paid large sums illegally through a Sabena affiliate in Bermuda. When Paul Reutlinger became the CEO of the company, he stopped the illegal payments. Terzake went on to state that this might explain why the Belgian board members remained quiet when it became apparent Swissair was exploiting Sabena and eventually drove the company into bankruptcy.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.330615997314453, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "On December 14, 2007, Georges Jaspis, a former World War II pilot in No. 609 Squadron RAF and the Sabena pilot with the most flying hours (27,000) died. Captain Jaspis was the pilot who inaugurated the Manchester to New York service in October 1953 and who collected the first Sabena Boeing 707 and 747. He had escaped Belgium during the war and made his way to England where he joined the Royal Air Force. He was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross. He was buried in Opprebais, a village south-east of Brussels on December 19, 2007. The Belgian military attended and a flypast of four F-16 jets in missing man formation was made.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.430752754211426, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "The reasons for SABENA's bankruptcy are numerous. One of the direct causes was Swissair not living up to their contractual obligations and failing to inject necessary funds into the company. This was because at the time Swissair was having its own financial problems. During the so-called \"Hotel agreement\", signed on July 17, 2001, Belgian prime minister Guy Verhofstadt met with Swissair boss Mario Corti, who agreed to inject €258 million into SABENA. Mr Corti had made a terrible mistake as the sum was never paid, due to Swissair's own financial problems. The purchase of 34 new Airbus planes, imposed by Swissair, was a burden SABENA could not cope with.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.351612091064453, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "* On 7 December 1934 at least two SABENA aircraft were destroyed in a hangar fire at Haren Airport as a result of a crash of a military Fairey Fox biplane.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.453010559082031, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "*The next day, 18 September 1946, 27 people lost their lives when a SABENA Douglas DC-4 (OO-CBG) crashed 35 km short of Gander Airport, where the aircraft planned to land for a refueling stop on the flight from Brussels to New York. At the time of the accident (07:42 UTC), there was dense fog near the airport, and the pilot executed a flawed approach at too low an altitude. There were 17 survivors (16 passengers and one crew). ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.746723175048828, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "*On 13 February 1955, the pilots of a SABENA flight from Brussels to Rome lost orientation when approaching Ciampino Airport, resulting in the Douglas DC-6 registered OO-SDB crashing into the slope of Monte Terminillo at 18:53 local time, killing the 21 passengers and eight crew on board. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.954292297363281, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "*The disaster of Flight 548 with its 73 casualties marked the worst accident in the history of SABENA. It happened on 15 February 1961 at 09:05 UTC, when the aircraft (a Boeing 707 registered OO-SJB) crashed at Brussels Airport following a flight from New York City. Among the dead were the entire American delegation to the 1961 World Figure Skating Championships, slated to be held in Prague; the competition was canceled in the aftermath.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.482399940490723, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "*A DC-3 registered OO-AUX (which SABENA had leased from Delta Air Transport) was damaged beyond repair in a ground accident at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol on 9 May 1970. The pilots began to taxi the aircraft even though they had not been cleared to do so, which resulted in the right propeller hitting an obstacle on the ground, and debris destroying the airliner beyond economic repair. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.985418319702148, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "Sabena's fleet consisted of the following aircraft at the time of the bankruptcy in November 2001:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.501909255981445, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "These were the destinations served by Sabena at the moment of bankruptcy in 2001, some flights were operated by Delta Air Transport, Schreiner Airways and Sobelair: ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.1618013381958, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sabena" }, { "answer": "SABENA", "passage": "Crossair Europe Airlines Saab 340 Cityliner Rare Safety Card , Airlines 1964lufthansataste Of Europead11in X 8in, Sky Europe Airlines System Timetable 10 26 03 6111 , Phoenix 1400 Sky Europe Airlines B737 Ha Lko Ms Europe 2003 Zsuzsann Laky , Sabena Belgian World Airlines Europe Travel Discounts Airline Folder 1963 4, First Class And Business Class Airline Menus To From Europe, Airlines1964pan Amatlanta To Europead11in X 8in, Airlines1968 beaeuropes 1 Airline Ad11in X 8in, Rare Belgian World Airlines Rca Holiday Abroad Musical Tour Of Europe Record, Belgian World Airlines Holiday Abroad Musical Tour Of Europe Rca Sp 45 36 rare, 1966 Vacation Brochure Pan Am Holiday Airlines Priceless Europe First Class , Lot Polish Airlines Business Class Amenity Kit Limited Edition Eastern Europe, Sabena Airlines Europe 17 Day Tour Folder 1961 2, Aernoaves De Mexico Jet To Europe From Miami Airline Folder 1960s, 1953 Sabena Belgian Airlines Vintage Print Ad Happy Holiday In Europe, Scandinavian Airlines To All Europe Nice Ad 1954, Icelandair Airlines Airline Timetable Us To Europe 3 25 10 27 1984, 1963 Scandinavian Airlines To Europe Flock Of Sheep Ad, 1953 Trans Canada Airlines Vintage Print Ad All Of Canada And Europe , Airlines1962lufthansa3new Routes To Europe ad11in X 8in, Vintage Sabena Airlines europe Begins With Atlanta Pin, Vintage 1950s Boac Airlines Europe Tourism Brochure , Brussels Airlines Adv Issue Card Europe, Klm Royal Dutch Airlines Europe For $5 Day Ad 1963, 1959 Swissair Airlines 2 Vintage Print Ads Throughout Europe, On To Middle East, Alitalia Italian Airlines Northern Europe System Timetable 6 16 89 6103 , Sas Scandinavian Airlines System Original Poster europe 1950s Otto Nielson, 1961 Icelandic Airline Loftleidir Europe Germany Holland England Denmark Ad, Vintage Original 1960s Swissair Travel Poster For Europe Railway Airline Art Air, Canadian Pacific Airlines Group Fares To Europe Regulations Airline Folder 1962, Vintage Airline Brochure Sabena Belgian World Airlines, Europe Tours 1961 62, Twa Airline Travel Brochure Europe Jet Tours 1969 Nostalgia , 1979 Iberia Airlines Jet 2nd Biggest Airline In Western Europe Print Ad, 1953 Sabena Belgian Airlines Vintage Print Ad Luxury Air Travel To All Europe , 1961 Icelandic Airline Loftleidir Europe Luxembourg Holland England Denmark Ad, 1976 Air India Airlines Getting Around Overseas Europe Mediterranean Booklet S7, 1971 Aeroflot Soviet Airlines Ii 62 Jet Airliner Europe To Tokyo Print Ad, Air Europe Airlines Issued? 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Fokker 100 Dennis Pub Cont L Postcard , 1962 Icelandic Airlines lowest Air Fare To Europe Stewardess Pictures Print Ad, 1967 Aviation Twa Trans World Airlines Route Maps Usa Europe Africa Asia , Vintage2000 Airlines Of Europe Insert rare 377j, Vintage Pan Am Airlines Holidays Europe 1987 Canvas Carry On Tote Bag, 1953 Twa Trans World Airlines Vacation In Europe Ad With Route Map, 1962 Twa Airlines Europe Travel 20pg Booklet Vintage Print Ad, 1966 Europe The 2nd Time Vintage Sabena Airlines Ad, Phoenix Model Sky Europe Airlines Boeing 737 500w Miss Europe 2003 Model 1400, 1967 Europe The 2nd Time Sabena Belgian World Airlines Ad, 1967 Sabena Belgian World Airlines Brussels Europe The 2nd Time Vintage Photo Ad, Rio Grande Games Airlines Europe Board Game new, Lufthansa German Airlines I Love Europe Heart Advertising Sticker Postcard, 1961 Sabena Belgian Airlines Europe Vintage 1960s Aviation Air Travel Photo Ad, British European Airways All Over Europe Airline Folder 1957 Viscount, American Airlines North America Europe Flight Path Map Chcago Manchester 1988, Sabena Belgian World Airlines Europe Usa Canada Africa Mid East Luggage Sticker, Swissair Europe Vintage 1961 Travel Poster Airlines Nikolaus Schwabe, Vintage High Grade Ski Brochure The Good Life Ski Europe Savena Airlines 1970, 1953 Pan American Airlines Grand Tour Of Europe 2 Pg Vintage Travel Ad, American Airlines International Flagship First Class Menu 05 04 Europe Us, Aero Air Charters To Europe Timetable amp Fares Airline Folder 1984, Air Europe Airlines Issued? 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[ { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "Majorca or Mallorca ( or; , ) is the largest island in the Balearic Islands archipelago, which are part of Spain and located in the Mediterranean.", "precise_score": 3.2287817001342773, "rough_score": 5.557237148284912, "source": "wiki", "title": "Majorca" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Like the other Balearic Islands of Minorca, Ibiza and Formentera, the island is an extremely popular holiday destination, particularly for tourists from Germany and the United Kingdom. The international airport, Palma de Mallorca Airport, is one of the busiest in Spain; it was used by 23.1 million passengers in 2014. ", "precise_score": 3.715871810913086, "rough_score": 6.793022155761719, "source": "wiki", "title": "Majorca" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "The island's popularity as a tourist destination has steadily grown since the 1950s, with many artists and academics choosing to visit and live on the island. Visitors to Majorca continued to increase with holiday makers in the 1970s approaching 3 million a year. In 2010 over 6 million visitors came to Majorca. In 2013, Majorca was visited by nearly 9.5 million tourists, and the Balearic Islands as a whole reached 13 million tourists. ", "precise_score": 2.126302480697632, "rough_score": 5.691567897796631, "source": "wiki", "title": "Majorca" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "Minorca or Menorca (; ; ; from Latin: Insula Minor, later Minorica \"smaller island\") is one of the Balearic Islands located in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to Spain. Its name derives from its size, contrasting it with nearby Majorca.", "precise_score": 5.7675371170043945, "rough_score": 6.666380405426025, "source": "wiki", "title": "Minorca" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "The birdlife of Minorca is very well known. Menorca is a well watched island which is on the migration route of many species and good number of passage migrants can be seen in spring. Residents include Audouin's gull, blue rock thrush and Thekla lark. booted eagle and red kite are easy to see as is Egyptian vulture in the right habitat. In summer there are bee-eaters and Minorca has major colonies of Cory's shearwater and Balearic shearwater.", "precise_score": 4.473202705383301, "rough_score": 5.826223373413086, "source": "wiki", "title": "Minorca" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "Because of the range of things to do in the Balearic Islands, visitors staying at holiday homes will find it difficult to be bored. Depending on which island or islands you choose to explore, there is something for everyone. Most activities focus around the various bays, beaches, and rugged landscapes and cliffs. Majorca has the largest mountains of the islands, with some reaching 1,445 metres (Puig Major) and 1,340 metres (Puig de Massanella). The region is also famous for caves of extraordinary beauty, that include the Drach and the Arta caves in Majorca, and Xoroi cave in Minorca. All of the beaches in the area are well known for their exquisite beauty. But be sure to not get stuck lounging around the whole time. Take advantage of the facilities and services on the major islands, including jet skis and parasailing. For golf lovers, the best location is Mallorca, especially in the area of Capdepera . Art historians should check out the Mallorca Museum. It contains important archaeological remains. There are also paintings, Renaissance and Baroque ceramics, and a section with modern furniture.", "precise_score": 4.517881870269775, "rough_score": 6.546084880828857, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Islands Holiday Apartments & Villas | HomeAway" }, { "answer": "Balearics", "passage": "The Balearics are made up of Majorca, Menorca, Ibiza, Formentera, and lesser known Cabrera (near the coast of Majorca), Tremac, plus a few smaller islands.", "precise_score": 5.993629455566406, "rough_score": 6.524300575256348, "source": "search", "title": "Islands of Spain and their Tourism Highlights - Travel and ..." }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Minorca is a lesser-known Balearic Island than its larger neighbor Majorca. Indeed its name means minor island.", "precise_score": 6.766541004180908, "rough_score": 8.473517417907715, "source": "search", "title": "Minorca, Balearic Is, Spain - JetSetWay" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "Menorca (Minorca) in the Balearic Islands Spain HD", "precise_score": 3.099543809890747, "rough_score": 5.79216194152832, "source": "search", "title": "Cruise Discounts to the Port of Menorca, Balearic Islands ..." }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "Menorca (Minorca) is one of the Balearic Islands located in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to Spain. Its name derives from its size, contrasting it with nearby Majorca. With more beaches than the rest of the Balearic Islands put together, and offering a much lower-key atmosphere than its larger neighbour Majorca, holidays in Menorca put the spotlight on relaxation.", "precise_score": 4.91103982925415, "rough_score": 7.1981520652771, "source": "search", "title": "Cruise Discounts to the Port of Menorca, Balearic Islands ..." }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "Minorca or Menorca is one of the Balearic Islands located in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to Spain. It takes its name from being smaller than the nearby island of Majorca. Minorca has a population of approximately 88,000. It is located 39°47' to 40°00'N, 3°52' to 4°24'E.", "precise_score": 4.792281627655029, "rough_score": 7.301503658294678, "source": "search", "title": "Cruise Discounts to the Port of Menorca, Balearic Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "The Spanish Island of Menorca is located in the Mediterranean Sea. It is one of the lesser-known Balearic Islands and a little off the tourism track which made it interesting from our point of view. Explorations reveal prehistoric ruins, burial caves, magnificent beaches, small towns, and the opportunity to experience local festivals in Ciutadella, the former capital city.", "precise_score": 3.7891554832458496, "rough_score": 6.671221733093262, "source": "search", "title": "Cruise Discounts to the Port of Menorca, Balearic Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "The Spanish Island of Menorca is located in the Mediterranean Sea. It is one of the lesser-known Balearic Islands and a little off the tourism track which made it interesting from our point of view. Explorations reveal prehistoric ruins, burial caves, magnificent beaches, small towns, and the opportunity to experience local festivals in Ciutadella, the former capital city. For more information visit www.ontopoftheworld.net and check out episode #58 in the International category.", "precise_score": 3.159433126449585, "rough_score": 6.389042854309082, "source": "search", "title": "Spain: The Island of Menorca - YouTube" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "Majorca, or better known to me as Mallorca, is the largest of the Balearic Islands, among other islands of Minorca, Ibiza, and Formentera. Located over 200Km off the Spanish mainland in the Mediterranean Sea, Majorca is close to the Catalonia region of Spain including Barcelona.", "precise_score": 7.435343265533447, "rough_score": 8.195335388183594, "source": "search", "title": "Planning a holiday to lesser known Spanish Pollensa" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "(məjôr`kə), Span. Mallorca (mälyôr`kä), island (1991 pop. 602,074), 1,405 sq mi (3,639 sq km), Spain, largest of the Balearic Islands, in the W Mediterranean. Palma is the chief city. Majorca is mountainous in the northwest, rising to 4,739 ft (1,444 m) in the Puig Major; the south and east form a gently rolling, fertile region. Its mild climate and beautiful scenery have long made Majorca a popular resort; tourism is its major industry. Cereals, flax, grapes, and olives are grown, a light wine is produced, hogs and sheep are raised, and lead, marble, and copper are mined. For the history of Majorca before 1276, see Balearic Islands Balearic Islands", "precise_score": 1.8772425651550293, "rough_score": 6.459085941314697, "source": "search", "title": "Majorca | Article about Majorca by The Free Dictionary" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": ", Span. Baleares , archipelago, off Spain, in the W Mediterranean, forming Baleares prov. (1990 pop. 767,918) of Spain; also an autonomous region since 1983. Palma is the capital. The chief islands are Majorca, Minorca, and Ibiza.", "precise_score": 2.836151599884033, "rough_score": 6.948812484741211, "source": "search", "title": "Majorca | Article about Majorca by The Free Dictionary" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "The capital of the island, Palma, is also the capital of the autonomous community of the Balearic Islands. The Balearic Islands have been an autonomous region of Spain since 1983. The Cabrera Archipelago is administratively grouped with Majorca (in the municipality of Palma). The anthem of Majorca is La Balanguera.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.665172576904297, "source": "wiki", "title": "Majorca" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "The island was occupied by the Romans in 123 BC under Quintus Caecilius Metellus Balearicus. It flourished under Roman rule, during which time the towns of Pollentia (Alcúdia), and Palmaria (Palma) were founded. In addition, the northern town of Bocchoris, dating back to pre-Roman times, was a federated city to Rome. The local economy was largely driven by olive cultivation, viticulture, and salt mining. Majorcan soldiers were valued within the Roman legions for their skill with the sling. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.36286735534668, "source": "wiki", "title": "Majorca" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "In 902, Issam al-Khawlaní () conquered the Balearic Islands, ushering in a new period of prosperity under the Emirate of Córdoba. The town of Palma was reshaped and expanded, and became known as Medina Mayurqa. Later on, with the Caliphate of Córdoba at its height, the Moors improved agriculture with irrigation and developed local industries.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.9367146492004395, "source": "wiki", "title": "Majorca" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "From 1479, the Crown of Aragon was in dynastic union with that of Castile. The Barbary corsairs of North Africa often attacked the Balearic Islands, and in response the people built coastal watchtowers and fortified churches. In 1570, King Philip II of Spain and his advisors were considering complete evacuation of the Balearic islands. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.922163009643555, "source": "wiki", "title": "Majorca" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "In the early 18th century, the War of the Spanish Succession resulted in the replacement of that dynastic union with a unified Spanish monarchy under the rule of the new Bourbon Dynasty. The last episode of the War of Spanish Succession was the conquest of the island of Mallorca. It took place on July 2, 1715 when the island capitulated to the arrival of a Bourbon fleet. In 1716 the Nueva Planta decrees made Majorca part of the Spanish province of Baleares, roughly the same to present-day Illes Balears province and autonomous community.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.611829996109009, "source": "wiki", "title": "Majorca" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "The capital of Majorca, Palma, was founded as a Roman camp called Palmaria upon the remains of a Talaiotic settlement. The turbulent history of the city saw it subject to several Vandal sackings during the fall of the Western Roman Empire. It was later reconquered by the Byzantines, colonised by the Moors (who called it Medina Mayurqa), and finally established by James I of Aragon. In 1983, Palma became the capital of the autonomous region of the Balearic Islands.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.5442919731140137, "source": "wiki", "title": "Majorca" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "The Archduke Ludwig Salvator of Austria () was the architect of tourism in the Balearic Islands. He first arrived on the Island in 1867, travelling under his title 'Count of Neuendorf'. He later settled on Majorca, buying up wild areas of land in order to preserve and enjoy them. Nowadays, a number of trekking routes are named after him. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.1296786069869995, "source": "wiki", "title": "Majorca" }, { "answer": "Balearen", "passage": "Ludwig Salvator loved the island of Majorca. He became fluent in Catalan, carried out research into the island's flora and fauna, history, and culture to produce his main work, Die Balearen, an extremely comprehensive collection of books about the Balearic Islands, consisting of 7 volumes. It took him 22 years to complete. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.8062446713447571, "source": "wiki", "title": "Majorca" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "Together with French writer George Sand, the Polish composer and pianist Frédéric Chopin resided in Valldemossa in the winter of 1838-39. Apparently, Chopin's health had already deteriorated and his doctor recommended he go to the Balearic Islands to recuperate, where he still spent a rather miserable winter. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.761369705200195, "source": "wiki", "title": "Majorca" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Jorge Luis Borges visited Majorca twice, accompanied by his family. He published his poems La estrella (1920) and Catedral (1921) in the regional magazine Baleares. The latter poem shows his admiration for the monumental Cathedral of Palma. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.551911354064941, "source": "wiki", "title": "Majorca" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Data from Institute of Statistics of Balearic Islands ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.216999053955078, "source": "wiki", "title": "Majorca" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "The Balearic Islands, of which Majorca forms part, are one of the autonomous communities of Spain. As a whole, they are currently governed by the conservative Partido Popular, with José Ramón Bauzà as their President.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.4678247570991516, "source": "wiki", "title": "Majorca" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "The members of the Spanish Royal Family spend their summer holidays in Majorca where the Marivent Palace is located. The Marivent Palace is the royal family's summer residence. While most royal residences are administered by Patrimonio Nacional, the Marivent Palace, in Palma de Mallorca, one of many Spanish royal sites, is under the care of Government of the Balearic Islands. As a private residence it is rarely used for official business. Typically, the whole family meets there and on the Fortuna yacht, where they take part in sailing competitions. The Marivent Palace is used for some unofficial business, as when President Hugo Chávez of Venezuela visited King Juan Carlos in 2008 to mend their relationship and normalize diplomatic relations after the King famously said to him, \"Why don't you shut up?\" during the Ibero-American Summit in November 2007. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.2909889221191406, "source": "wiki", "title": "Majorca" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "The end of the Punic wars saw an increase in piracy in the western Mediterranean. The Roman occupation of Hispania had meant a growth of maritime trade between the Iberian and Italian peninsulas. Pirates took advantage of the strategic location of the Balearic Islands to raid Roman commerce, using both Minorca and Majorca as bases. In reaction to this, the Romans invaded Minorca. By 121 BC both islands were fully under Roman control, later being incorporated into the province of Hispania Citerior.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.9266510009765625, "source": "wiki", "title": "Minorca" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "In 13 BC Roman emperor Augustus reorganised the provincial system and the Balearic Islands became part of the Tarraconensis imperial province. The ancient town of Mago was transformed from a Carthaginian town to a Roman town. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.711581230163574, "source": "wiki", "title": "Minorca" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "As with the rest of the Balearic Islands, Minorca was not occupied by the French during the Peninsular War, as it was successfully protected by the Royal Navy, this time allied to Spain.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.267403602600098, "source": "wiki", "title": "Minorca" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "During the Spanish Civil War, Minorca stayed loyal to the Republican Spanish Government, while the rest of the Balearic Islands supported the Nationalists. It did not see combat, except for aerial bombing by the Italians of Corpo Truppe Volontarie Air Force. Many Minorcans were also killed when taking part in a failed invasion of Majorca. Also some Majorcans and a priest were executed in Minorca during the Pedro Marqués Barber era (July–December 1936). After the Nationalist victory in the Battle of Minorca in February 1939, the British Navy assisted in a peaceful transfer of power in Minorca and the evacuation of some political refugees aboard .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.1881442070007324, "source": "wiki", "title": "Minorca" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "The location of Minorca in the middle of the western Mediterranean was a staging point for the different cultures since prehistoric times. This Balearic Island has a mix of colonial and local architecture.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.6232528686523438, "source": "wiki", "title": "Minorca" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Between Menorquí and standard Catalan proper, as with most Balearic dialects, the most distinctive difference is the different word used for the article \"the\", where Menorquí uses \"es\" for masculine and \"sa\" for feminine. Menorquí thus shares the source of its article with many Sardinian varieties (masc. sing. su, fem sing. sa), rather than the standard Catalan \"el\" and \"la\", common to other Romance languages (e.g. Spanish el, la, Italian il, la), corresponding to a form which was historically used along the Costa Brava of Catalonia, from where it is supposed that the islands were repopulated after being conquered from the Moors. Menorquí also has a few English loan words dating back to the British occupation such as \"grevi\", \"xumaquer\", \"boinder\" and \"xoc\" taken from \"gravy\", \"shoemaker\", \"bow window\" and \"chalk\", respectively.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.386581420898438, "source": "wiki", "title": "Minorca" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "The common lizard seen all over the island is the Italian wall lizard (Podarcis siculus) although the Moroccan rock lizard (Scelaris perspicillata) also occurs. The Balearic endemic Lilford's wall lizard (Podarcis lilfordi) can be found on many of the offshore islands. Two species of gecko can be found on Minorca, the Moorish (Tarentola mauritanica) and the Turkish (Hemidactylus turcicus) also called the Mediterranean house gecko.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.05985495448112488, "source": "wiki", "title": "Minorca" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Balearic Islands Holiday Villas & Apartments | HomeAway", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.920575141906738, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Islands Holiday Apartments & Villas | HomeAway" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Make a holiday rental, home, or villa on Balearic Islands your home away from home", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.78654670715332, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Islands Holiday Apartments & Villas | HomeAway" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Accommodations on Balearic Islands", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.866561889648438, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Islands Holiday Apartments & Villas | HomeAway" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "The Balearic Islands are a province of islands about 100km off the east coast of Spain in the Mediterranean Sea. The area has become a favourite destination for visitors seeking holiday homes alongside beautiful beaches, good food, and an exciting nightlife. There are various islands to choose from, each with their own feel thanks to the area’s history of many occupying forces including the Greeks, Romans, and Moors. With such eclectic influences as well as different landscapes, holiday homes on the Balearic Islands offer something for everyone. The most coveted spots for a holiday rental, home, or villa on Balearic Islands include Mallorca (Majorca), Menorca (Menorca), Ibiza, and Formentera.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.7537450790405273, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Islands Holiday Apartments & Villas | HomeAway" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Places to holiday on Balearic Islands", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.952856063842773, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Islands Holiday Apartments & Villas | HomeAway" }, { "answer": "Balearics", "passage": "Mallorca - As the largest island of the Balearics, Mallorca is one of Europe's top holiday destinations. Because of its size, holiday homes on the Balearics have so much to offer from gorgeous beaches and exciting nightlife in the busy city centres of the south like Cala Pi and Sa Rapita to beautiful views of mountainous regions in the north like Santa Ponsa , Soller area, and Andratx. Holiday villas in the capital city ofPalma de Mallorca are known for being some of the Mediterranean's most beautiful and luxurious. And while you’re holiday home may be heavenly, be sure to take a boat trip from the south east to the beautiful untouched region of Cabrera. The clear waters are a dream come true for SCUBA divers and snorkellers.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.4284234046936035, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Islands Holiday Apartments & Villas | HomeAway" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "Menorca - In the far east of the Balearic Islands, holiday home seekers will find Menorca to be the most tranquil and unspoilt region of the three main islands. Holiday rentals in South and East Menorca are ideal for families looking to escape the wild nightlife that makes the other islands notorious. Instead holiday homes in Menorca offer uncrowded beaches and traditional fishing towns. Visitors travel far and wide to indulge in Menorca’s fresh seafood.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.2994688749313354, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Islands Holiday Apartments & Villas | HomeAway" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Things to do on Balearic Islands", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.649580001831055, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Islands Holiday Apartments & Villas | HomeAway" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "Nightlife on the Balearic Islands cannot go unspoken for. The islands are home to some of the best nightclubs in the world and while some may be difficult to get into, there are numerous places letting in partygoers with open arms. Most of these places stay open late, so think of your night ending at noon not midnight.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.18043327331543, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Islands Holiday Apartments & Villas | HomeAway" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Weather on Balearic Islands", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.758790969848633, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Islands Holiday Apartments & Villas | HomeAway" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "Like the rest of the Mediterranean, the Balearic Islands can get a little more rain than the mainland, as well as hotter temperatures in the summer. Therefore when planning to stay at a holiday home, people generally prefer to go during the pleasant or hot temperatures from April to early November.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.80640983581543, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Islands Holiday Apartments & Villas | HomeAway" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Travel to Balearic Islands", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.145086288452148, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Islands Holiday Apartments & Villas | HomeAway" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "If you plan on traveling solely to the Balearic Islands, it is best to fly directly to the islands and avoid the mainland. Cheap flights are readily available through Ryanair and easyJet. However if you're already in Spain, the cheapest flights are usually out of Barcelona, Madrid, Valencia or Malaga. Also you can often arrange a cheap flight back to the mainland.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.330866813659668, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Islands Holiday Apartments & Villas | HomeAway" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Another option in making the trip to Balearic Islands is by boat. The Buque rapido is operated by Trasmediterranea. There's only one a day in the mid-and high season. The same company also operates a fast ferry between Valencia and Palma that stops in Ibiza en route. The third option is the buque convencionale, a slow ferry that operates all year. These go from Barcelona every day.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.377604484558105, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Islands Holiday Apartments & Villas | HomeAway" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Balearic Island Adventure - Saga Holidays", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.917803764343262, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Island Adventure - Saga Holidays" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Balearic Island Adventure", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.893112182617188, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Island Adventure - Saga Holidays" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "Dubbed the pine island, Formentera is one of the smallest of the Balearic islands at around 12 miles long, but what it lacks in size it certainly makes up for in beauty. The beaches here are among the most attractive in Spain, with white powder sand and alluring turquoise water. A birdwatchers' paradise - the island is home to more than 200 species of bird.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.511694431304932, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Island Adventure - Saga Holidays" }, { "answer": "Balearics", "passage": "Formentera Balearics Spain Europe", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.902647018432617, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Island Adventure - Saga Holidays" }, { "answer": "Balearics", "passage": "Ibiza Balearics Spain Europe", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.88515567779541, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Island Adventure - Saga Holidays" }, { "answer": "Balearics", "passage": "Valldemossa Majorca Balearics Spain Europe", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.674795150756836, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Island Adventure - Saga Holidays" }, { "answer": "Balearics", "passage": "Cala Galdana Minorca Balearics Spain Europe", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.3158814907073975, "source": "search", "title": "Balearic Island Adventure - Saga Holidays" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "The majority of the islands of Spain are collectively known by two identifications, the Balearic Islands and the Canary Islands.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.238701343536377, "source": "search", "title": "Islands of Spain and their Tourism Highlights - Travel and ..." }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "The Balearic Islands", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.46423625946045, "source": "search", "title": "Islands of Spain and their Tourism Highlights - Travel and ..." }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Balearic islands", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.780713081359863, "source": "search", "title": "Islands of Spain and their Tourism Highlights - Travel and ..." }, { "answer": "Balearics", "passage": "Ibiza (pronounced “eye-bee-tha” almost needs no introduction. The party capital of the Balearics. Many of the top DJs from around the world pay pilgrimage here with regular turns on the decks.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.332353591918945, "source": "search", "title": "Islands of Spain and their Tourism Highlights - Travel and ..." }, { "answer": "Balearics", "passage": "Formentera is the lesser known, smallest island in the Balearics, which is situated in the southern most point near to Ibiza. It lacks an airport, but transfers are possible starting from Ibiza.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.4255261421203613, "source": "search", "title": "Islands of Spain and their Tourism Highlights - Travel and ..." }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Formentera, Balearic Islands", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.332586288452148, "source": "search", "title": "Islands of Spain and their Tourism Highlights - Travel and ..." }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Minorca, Balearic Is, Spain - JetSetWay", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.45964479446411133, "source": "search", "title": "Minorca, Balearic Is, Spain - JetSetWay" }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Minorca, Balearic Is, Spain", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.4494613409042358, "source": "search", "title": "Minorca, Balearic Is, Spain - JetSetWay" }, { "answer": "Balearic Islands, Spain", "passage": "Cruise Discounts to the Port of Menorca, Balearic Islands, Spain from Boost Vacations Travel | Boost Vacations", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.266745567321777, "source": "search", "title": "Cruise Discounts to the Port of Menorca, Balearic Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Balearic Islands, Spain", "passage": "Cruise Discounts to the Port of Menorca, Balearic Islands, Spain from Boost Vacations Travel", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.1787192821502686, "source": "search", "title": "Cruise Discounts to the Port of Menorca, Balearic Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Balearic Islands, Spain", "passage": "Menorca, Balearic Islands, Spain Overview", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.13814377784729, "source": "search", "title": "Cruise Discounts to the Port of Menorca, Balearic Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Balearic Islands, Spain", "passage": "Detailed Map of Menorca, Balearic Islands, Spain", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.6129348278045654, "source": "search", "title": "Cruise Discounts to the Port of Menorca, Balearic Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Balearic Islands, Spain", "passage": "Top Videos for Cruise Destination Menorca, Balearic Islands, Spain–Created by BoostVacations.com Staff", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.4753456115722656, "source": "search", "title": "Cruise Discounts to the Port of Menorca, Balearic Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Balearic Islands, Spain", "passage": "Top Videos for Cruise Destination Menorca, Balearic Islands, Spain – Created by BoostVacations.com Staff. Feel Free to add, vote or provide feedback to the list.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.285274982452393, "source": "search", "title": "Cruise Discounts to the Port of Menorca, Balearic Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Minorca - Balearic Islands - Spain", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.093654155731201, "source": "search", "title": "Cruise Discounts to the Port of Menorca, Balearic Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "Maremar Playas Platges de Fornells Spain Balearic Islands Menorca", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.580317974090576, "source": "search", "title": "Cruise Discounts to the Port of Menorca, Balearic Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Balearic Islands, Spain", "passage": "CG BARCELÓ BEACH CLUB, Menorca Balearic Islands, Spain", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.4774081707000732, "source": "search", "title": "Cruise Discounts to the Port of Menorca, Balearic Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Balearic Islands, Spain", "passage": "CG BARCELÓ BEACH CLUB, Menorca Balearic Islands, Spain Architects: MANEL MINGOT CORTÉS / NADAL A. CALDENTEY GAYÁ ESPAIS d' ARQUITECTURA ESTUDI TÉCNIC Modelling, Texturing, Illumination, Rendering, Postproduction and Editing: RVARQ.COM / NICOLÁS WEHNCKE Music: Sunset Bar by COASTLINE", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.010654926300049, "source": "search", "title": "Cruise Discounts to the Port of Menorca, Balearic Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Balearic Islands, Spain", "passage": "Son Xoriguer Beach, Menorca, Balearic Islands, Spain", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.8051469326019287, "source": "search", "title": "Cruise Discounts to the Port of Menorca, Balearic Islands ..." }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "The Balearic Islands (SPAIN) - Travelvision Video - SanecoVision Production", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.621214866638184, "source": "search", "title": "Cruise Discounts to the Port of Menorca, Balearic Islands ..." }, { "answer": "Balear", "passage": "BALEARIC ISLANDS: Mediterranean Paradise.... This wonderful group of islands is divided into Gimnesias (Mallorca, Menorca and Cabrera) in the North, and Pitiusas (Ibiza and Formentera) in the South-West. Their excellent climate with some 300 days of sun per year, wonderful beaches, a rich cultural offer and the unusual hospitality of their inhabitants make Balearic Islands one of the preferred holiday destinations in Spain.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.632005453109741, "source": "search", "title": "Cruise Discounts to the Port of Menorca, Balearic Islands ..." }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "..... Click the link for more information. . In 1276 the kingdom of Majorca was formed from the inheritance of James I of Majorca. It comprised the Balearic Islands, Roussillon and Cerdagne (between France and Spain), and several fiefs in S France. Perpignan, in Roussillon, was the capital. In 1343, Peter IV of Aragón took the kingdom from James II and reunited it with the crown of Aragón. The island's flourishing commerce declined, partly because of the warfare between the native peasantry and the Aragonese nobles and Catalan traders, but mainly because of the change in trade routes after the discovery of America. Majorca is known for its stalagmite caves and for its architectural treasures and prehistoric monuments. The abandoned old monastery where Chopin and George Sand lived is an island landmark. The inhabitants speak their own dialect of Catalan.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.3902106285095215, "source": "search", "title": "Majorca | Article about Majorca by The Free Dictionary" }, { "answer": "The Balearic Islands", "passage": "an island in the W Mediterranean: the largest of the Balearic Islands; tourism. Capital: Palma. Pop.: 730 778 (2002 est.). Area: 3639 sq. km (1465 sq. miles)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.4729323387146, "source": "search", "title": "Majorca | Article about Majorca by The Free Dictionary" } ]

[ { "answer": "Czech Republic", "passage": "Poland (), officially the Republic of Poland (, ), is a country in Central Europe, situated between the Baltic Sea in the north and two mountain ranges (Sudeten and Carpathian Mountains) in the south. Bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine and Belarus to the east; and the Baltic Sea, Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) and Lithuania to the north. The total area of Poland is 312679 km2, making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. With a population of over 38.5 million people, Poland is the 34th most populous country in the world, the 8th most populous country in Europe and the sixth most populous member of the European Union, as well as the most populous post-communist member of the European Union. Poland is a unitary state divided into 16 administrative subdivisions.", "precise_score": 5.105518341064453, "rough_score": 6.987915992736816, "source": "wiki", "title": "Poland" }, { "answer": "Czech Republic", "passage": "Located in Central Europe, Poland is bordered on the west by Germany, in the north by the Baltic Sea, in the north-east by Russia and Lithuania, in the east by Belarus and Ukraine, and in the south by Slovakia and the Czech Republic. Poland covers a total area of 312,685 square kilometers (120,728 square miles), making it slightly smaller than the state of New Mexico.", "precise_score": 3.6551566123962402, "rough_score": 7.385994911193848, "source": "search", "title": "Europe - Encyclopedia of the Nations" }, { "answer": "Czech Republic", "passage": "With a landmass that stretches from the North Sea and the Baltic Sea in the north to the Alps in the south, Germany has the largest population of any EU country. Germany borders Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, France and Luxembourg to the southwest, and Belgium and the Netherlands to the northwest. ", "precise_score": 5.205869197845459, "rough_score": 8.09587574005127, "source": "search", "title": "Germany - European Union website, the official EU website ..." }, { "answer": "Czech Republic", "passage": "Austria (; ), officially the Republic of Austria (, ), is a federal republic and a landlocked country of over 8.66 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Hungary and Slovakia to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The territory of Austria covers 83879 km2. Austria's terrain is highly mountainous, lying within the Alps; only 32% of the country is below 500 m, and its highest point is 3798 m. The majority of the population speak local Bavarian dialects of German as their native language, and Austrian German in its standard form is the country's official language. Other local official languages are Hungarian, Burgenland Croatian, and Slovene.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.979464530944824, "source": "wiki", "title": "Austria" }, { "answer": "Czech Republic", "passage": "Most visibly, there were numerous improvements in human rights, such as freedom of speech, internet freedom (no censorship), civil liberties (1st class) and political rights (1st class), as ranked by Freedom House non-governmental organization. In 1991, Poland became a member of the Visegrád Group and joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) alliance in 1999 along with the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary. Poles then voted to join the European Union in a referendum in June 2003, with Poland becoming a full member on 1 May 2004. Poland joined the Schengen Area in 2007, as a result of which, the country's borders with other member states of the European Union have been dismantled, allowing for full freedom of movement within most of the EU. In contrast to this, a section of Poland's eastern border now comprises the external EU border with Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. That border has become increasingly well protected, and has led in part to the coining of the phrase 'Fortress Europe', in reference to the seeming 'impossibility' of gaining entry to the EU for citizens of the former Soviet Union.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.275312900543213, "source": "wiki", "title": "Poland" }, { "answer": "Czech Republic", "passage": "In an effort to strengthen military cooperation with its neighbors, Poland set up the Visegrád Battlegroup with Hungary, Czech Republic and Slovakia, with a total of 3,000 troops ready for deployment. Also, in the east Poland created the LITPOLUKRBRIG battle groups with Lithuania and Ukraine. These battle groups will operate outside of NATO and within the European defense initiative framework. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.731741905212402, "source": "wiki", "title": "Poland" }, { "answer": "Czech Republic", "passage": "Located in western Central Europe, Germany has an area of 357,021 square kilometers (137,810 square miles), which makes it slightly smaller than the state of Montana. The country is bordered by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea to the north; Poland and the Czech Republic to the east; Austria and Switzerland to the south; and France, Luxembourg, Belgium and the Netherlands to the west.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 6.251391887664795, "source": "search", "title": "Europe - Encyclopedia of the Nations" }, { "answer": "Czech Republic", "passage": "The Slovak Republic is a land-locked nation in the eastern portion of Central Europe, with access to the Black Sea via the Danube River. Its neighbors are the Czech Republic to the northwest, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, and Austria to the west.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.173065662384033, "source": "search", "title": "Europe - Encyclopedia of the Nations" }, { "answer": "Czech Republic", "passage": "Germany is surrounded by Denmark, Poland, the Czech Republic, Austria, Switzerland, France, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. Germany is situated in central Europe, and shares its borders with the second-highest number of European countries, second only to Russia. The countries surrounding Germany lie alongside its borders to the north, south, east and west.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.71492338180542, "source": "search", "title": "Which nine countries border Germany? | Reference.com" }, { "answer": "Czech Republic", "passage": "The northern border of Germany is shared with the Scandinavian country of Denmark, while Poland and the Czech Republic lie to the east. The southern border of Germany is shaped by Austria and Switzerland, while France lies in the southwest. Along the western border of Germany are Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 6.817666530609131, "source": "search", "title": "Which nine countries border Germany? | Reference.com" }, { "answer": "Czech Republic", "passage": "Germany (German: Deutschland) is a country in Central Europe and a founding member of the European Union. It is bordered to the north by Denmark, to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic, to the south by Austria and Switzerland, and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium and the Netherlands.   read more...", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.704227447509766, "source": "search", "title": "Camping Europe, Campsites Europe" }, { "answer": "Czech Republic", "passage": "Slovakia (also known as the Slovak Republic, but there's no need to use this term - apart from official documents - unlike the term Czech Republic, in Slovak: Slovensko) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is surrounded by Austria to the west, Czech Republic to the north west, Hungary to the south, Poland to the north and Ukraine to the east. With numerous medieval towns, high mountains, caves and a lively capital city, there's probably something for every traveller to enjoy in Slovakia. Slovakia is said to be the country with the highest number of fortified castles per capita in the whole world.   read more...", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.6069057583808899, "source": "search", "title": "Camping Europe, Campsites Europe" }, { "answer": "Czech Republic", "passage": "However, we still have the challenge of deciding where that east-west line should be. Let’s be scientific about it. Geologists agree that Eastern Europe ends at the Ural Mountains, which lie hundreds of kilometers east of Moscow. It’s 5,200 kilometers (3,250 miles) from Lisbon, Portugal to Perm, Russia (a city next to the Urals). The halfway point is Wrocław, a Polish city near the German border (see Google map below). If you extend a north-south line through Wrocław, it would cross the Czech Republic, Austria, and western Croatia. Only Slovenia would find itself on the west side of that dividing line (you can hear the Slovenians cheering now). In short, this 50/50 geographical split results in an east-west border that is quite close to the Cold War dividing line.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.7215763330459595, "source": "search", "title": "Where is Eastern Europe and what countries are in it | The ..." }, { "answer": "Czech Republic", "passage": "The Federal Republic of Germany (German: Deutschlandkarte ) is located in central Europe. This country is bordered by Netherland in northwest, Belgium , Luxembourg Netherland and France Netherland in the west and southwest, Denmark in the north, Czech Republic and Poland in the east and Switzerland and Austria in the south and southeast. The country shares its coastline with Baltic Sea in the north and North Sea in the northwest. It has 2389 km long coastline. Germany span over an area of 357,022 sq. km. with 3790 km long land boundary. The country lies between 47° and 55°N latitudes and 5° and 16°E longitudes.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.279842376708984, "source": "search", "title": "Where is Germany ? Location of Germany - World Map" } ]

[ { "answer": "Finland", "passage": "In Europe the Nordic countries were pioneers in women’s suffrage. The first European nation to give women the vote was Finland in 1906. Women in the Grand Duchy of Finland, then an autonomous part of the Russian Empire, won the right to be elected members of the eduskunta, the Finnish unicameral parliament, in 1907.", "precise_score": 6.891904354095459, "rough_score": 5.546293258666992, "source": "search", "title": "When women won the vote - The Irish Times" }, { "answer": "Finland", "passage": "European countries such as Finland (1906), Norway (1913), and Denmark and Iceland (1915) granted women the vote early in the 20th century. Other continental powers were quick to accord women the right to vote at the end of World War I. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Netherlands granted suffrage in 1917; Austria, Czechoslovakia, Poland, and Sweden in 1918; and Germany and Luxembourg in 1919. Spain extended the ballot to women in 1931, but France waited until 1944 and Belgium, Italy, Romania, and Yugoslavia until 1946. Switzerland finally gave women the vote in 1971, and women remained disenfranchised in Liechtenstein until 1984.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.039061069488525, "source": "search", "title": "History of Women's Suffrage | Scholastic.com" }, { "answer": "Finland", "passage": "The Scandinavian countries were the first to grant women's suffrage in Europe. In these countries, nationalism evolved in ways that were more inclusive, while moderate political systems allowed for a more gradual process of change. Women earned the right to vote in Finland in 1906, Norwegian women began voting in national elections in 1913, and women's suffrage was granted in Iceland and Denmark in 1915. Women's suffrage movements may have been more visible and assertive elsewhere in Europe, but the first countries to grant women the right to vote were Scandinavian.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.5620757341384888, "source": "search", "title": "Context :: European History - Digital History Reader" }, { "answer": "Finland", "passage": "European women finally earned the right to vote, although in ways and at times quite different from the trajectories and campaigns of most suffrage movements. As mentioned above, the Scandinavian countries of Finland, Norway, Denmark, and Iceland were the first, and only, European countries to grant women the right to vote before the outbreak of war in 1914. In Russia, women earned the right to vote during the 1917 Revolution, when liberals and socialists collaborated in democratizing the political system. The right to vote continued in the Soviet era, even as other democratic reforms were eliminated. British women were granted the right to vote in parliamentary elections in 1918. Campaigns by suffrage advocates and recognition of women's important contributions during the war finally overcame opposition. In Germany and Austria, both defeated powers, the postwar settlements included women's suffrage. The Weimar constitution of 1919 granted women the right to vote, which would make them an important constituency of the factionalized political parties that shaped the interwar period. Other countries that granted women the right to vote after the war included the United States (1919), Poland (1921), and Spain (1931).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.3119698762893677, "source": "search", "title": "Context :: European History - Digital History Reader" }, { "answer": "Finland", "passage": "Other countries followed soon after New Zealand, with limited rights granted to women in Sweden, Britain, Finland, and some U.S. states by the early 20th century. When World War I began in 1914, many suffrage organizations shifted their focus to supporting the war effort, although some activists continued to fight for suffrage. Because of manpower shortages in warring countries, women took on many roles traditionally held by men and changed the dominant idea of what women were capable of doing, giving further momentum to the suffrage movement. Britain’s Parliament passed the Eligibility of Women Act in November 1918, which allowed women to be elected to Parliament. Ten years later, the Representation of the People Act granted women the right to vote. Following a path similar to Britain’s, many countries—Denmark, Iceland, the USSR, the Netherlands, Canada, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Sweden, Germany, Luxembourg, the United States—had granted the vote to women by 1920.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.036949396133423, "source": "search", "title": "Women's Suffrage Movement | HistoryNet" } ]

[ { "answer": "UKR", "passage": "Optymistychna (: meaning \"optimistic\") is a gypsum cave located near the Ukrainian village of Korolivka, Borshchiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast. , it has 230 km of mapped passageways and is the longest cave in Eurasia and the fifth-longest cave in the world, after Mammoth Cave, Sistema Sac Actun, Jewel Cave and Sistema Ox Bel Ha. It is also the longest gypsum cave in the world.", "precise_score": 6.428552150726318, "rough_score": 8.402044296264648, "source": "wiki", "title": "Optymistychna Cave" }, { "answer": "Ukraine", "passage": "Optimisticeskaja cave is a gypsum cave located near the village of korolivka in Ukraine. By some sources it is having about 133 miles of surveyed passageways. This is the second largest or longest cave by area in the world. Also it is regarded as the biggest or largest cave in Europe or EU.", "precise_score": 9.972297668457031, "rough_score": 10.229607582092285, "source": "search", "title": "Top Ten Longest Caves in The World Information of the world" }, { "answer": "UKR", "passage": "Mammoth Cave near Cave City, Kentucky, is the world's longest cave. More than 367 miles (591 km) of passages have been mapped. To get an idea of how long Mammoth Cave is, you should consider that the second longest cave in the world, Optimisticeskay Cave, in the Ukrainskaya region of the C.I.S. (former Soviet Union), is only 143 miles (230 km) long. Mammoth Cave is three times longer than its nearest competitor. Not only is the cave the longest in the world, but cave mappers believe the cave system will eventually prove to be 560 miles (900 km) long!", "precise_score": 7.792386531829834, "rough_score": 8.908490180969238, "source": "search", "title": "Mammoth Cave near Cave City, Kentucky, is the world's ..." }, { "answer": "Ukraine", "passage": "Optimisticeskaja in Ukrainian language is 'optimistic'. The existence of 214 kilometers of passageways in three levels under a ground surface of only two square kilometers is unbelievable. This gypsum cave in Ternopil district of Ukraine is second longest in the world after the Mammoth Cave in Kentucky. The multi level passageways makes Optimisticeskaja cave stand out among other caves not only in Europe but also in the world. You would be surprised to learn that this 'maze cave' of nearly 215 kilometers of passages is entirely within a gypsum layer of 20 meters thick. Not surprisingly the passages are low and often filled with silt. After its discovery in 1965 more than fifty expeditions have taken place, and in each expedition the passages are cleared of their silt. While visiting Optimisticekaja, do not miss the nearby Ozemaja cave which with over 120 km of passages is the eleventh largest internationally.", "precise_score": 9.52216911315918, "rough_score": 9.747941017150879, "source": "search", "title": "Optimisticeskaja - youmustsee.com" }, { "answer": "UKR", "passage": "5. Optymistychna Cave : Optymistychna (Ukrainian: meaning \"optimistic\") is a gypsum cave located near the Ukrainian village of Korolivka, Borschiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast. It is the longest cave in Eurasia and the fourth-longest cave in the world, after Mammoth Cave, Jewel Cave and Sistema Ox Bel Ha. It is also the longest gypsum cave in the world. Length: 236.0 km. Discover year: 1966.", "precise_score": 6.547884941101074, "rough_score": 8.040046691894531, "source": "search", "title": "Top 10 Longest Caves In The World - YouTube" }, { "answer": "Ukraine", "passage": "In 2008 the cave won the special nomination as a Natural Wonder of Ukraine.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.833968162536621, "source": "wiki", "title": "Optymistychna Cave" }, { "answer": "Ukraine", "passage": "* [http://www.easegill.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/Ukraine%20Giant%20Gypsum%20Caves.html Description of a 1990 trip to Optymistychna by British cavers]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.668923377990723, "source": "wiki", "title": "Optymistychna Cave" }, { "answer": "Ukraine", "passage": "# Optymistychna Cave, Ukraine", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.531328201293945, "source": "wiki", "title": "Cave" }, { "answer": "Ukraine", "passage": "Ozernay it is a small shield volcano located in the southern part of Ukraine. It is most wonderful cave with 111 km length. The passage of this cave is full of amazing natural scenes. This cave is difficult to visit.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.025841236114502, "source": "search", "title": "Top Ten Longest Caves in The World Information of the world" }, { "answer": "Ukraine", "passage": "Bulgarian speleologists have discovered a new gallery in the Optymistychna Cave in western Ukraine, enough to help it reclaim the second spot in the list of the world's longest caves, private broadcaster bTV reported on May 13......", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.9932737350463867, "source": "search", "title": "Cavechat.org • View topic - Europe’s Biggest Cave Now ..." }, { "answer": "Ukraine", "passage": "Are we to believe that they have mapped 50 km of cave in less than a month? Quite impressive if it is true. I would like to hear from Alexander Klimchouk or someone else as reputable before this is taken as fact. We have gotten bad information from Ukraine before, and this news is coming from Bulgaria.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.526795387268066, "source": "search", "title": "Cavechat.org • View topic - Europe’s Biggest Cave Now ..." }, { "answer": "UKR", "passage": "According to unformal reports on the Ukrainian caving scene, the Lviv", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.27332592010498, "source": "search", "title": "Cavechat.org • View topic - Europe’s Biggest Cave Now ..." }, { "answer": "Ukraine", "passage": "in Ukraine on April 25 and spent seven days underground together with", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.323433876037598, "source": "search", "title": "Cavechat.org • View topic - Europe’s Biggest Cave Now ..." }, { "answer": "UKR", "passage": "participating the regular expedition of the Lviv cavers (Ukrainians,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.913409233093262, "source": "search", "title": "Cavechat.org • View topic - Europe’s Biggest Cave Now ..." }, { "answer": "UKR", "passage": "Most American cavers have come to regard Alexander Klimchouk as the authority on all matters Speleo-Ukranian. So we will be obliged to believe him that your claim is a hoax unless you can prove otherwise. Please understand that I am not taunting you or calling you a liar. It's just that this is not the first time we have heard wild claims of length come from Opti. These have been proven false after lots of confusion and discussion. We tend to regard the list that the NSS Geo2 committee maintains as the authority on cave length, over the claims of a Bulgarian newspaper. Unless you can explain how Optimistychna went from 228 km to 270 km in one week, I remain confident that the world's second longest cave is in South Dakota, USA.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.5740838050842285, "source": "search", "title": "Cavechat.org • View topic - Europe’s Biggest Cave Now ..." }, { "answer": "UKR", "passage": "Most American cavers have come to regard Alexander Klimchouk as the authority on all matters Speleo-Ukranian. So we will be obliged to believe him that your claim is a hoax unless you can prove otherwise. Please understand that I am not taunting you or calling you a liar. It's just that this is not the first time we have heard wild claims of length come from Opti. These have been proven false after lots of confusion and discussion. We tend to regard the list that the NSS Geo2 committee maintains as the authority on cave length, over the claims of a Bulgarian newspaper. Unless you can explain how Optimistychna went from 228 km to 270 km in one week, I remain confident that the world's second longest cave is in South Dakota, USA.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.5740838050842285, "source": "search", "title": "Cavechat.org • View topic - Europe’s Biggest Cave Now ..." }, { "answer": "Ukraine", "passage": "And another - do you know that in Ukraine exist from three years - two speleo associations. The one is Ukraine Speleo Asociation with", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.304377555847168, "source": "search", "title": "Cavechat.org • View topic - Europe’s Biggest Cave Now ..." }, { "answer": "Ukraine", "passage": "president A.Klimchuk and the another one - West Ukraine Regional Union, who unify 16 ukrain speloclubs", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.161101341247559, "source": "search", "title": "Cavechat.org • View topic - Europe’s Biggest Cave Now ..." }, { "answer": "Ukraine", "passage": "and this union was created to explore the cave giants in West Ukraine.This union is a creater on projekts,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.47042465209961, "source": "search", "title": "Cavechat.org • View topic - Europe’s Biggest Cave Now ..." }, { "answer": "Ukraine", "passage": "for West Ukraine, you must write to the president of West Ukraine Regional Union or the president of speleoclub \"Ziklop\" Lviv. They decides the problems on the research in \"Optimistichna\".", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.30318546295166, "source": "search", "title": "Cavechat.org • View topic - Europe’s Biggest Cave Now ..." }, { "answer": "Ukraine", "passage": "When you are visiting Optimisticeskaja you cannot ignore Ternopil. Located on the banks of River Seret in western Ukraine it has a history dating back to 1540 when it was established by Jan Amor Tarnowski as a Pole military base. While in Ternopil, stay in Galychina Hotel on Chumatskaya Street, or in Ternopil Hotel on Zamkovaya Street. Ukrainians are excellent cooks and their cuisine is outstanding. Try 'borshch' — beet soup, 'holubtsi' - cabbage rolls with fillings of rice with small quantity of hamburger, 'kovbasa' — smoked ham sausage, 'varenyky' — dough pockets with potato filling, and 'nalysnyky' — Ukrainian crepe. 'Horilka' and 'Kutya' are traditional drinks of this nation.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.372237205505371, "source": "search", "title": "Optimisticeskaja - youmustsee.com" }, { "answer": "Ukraine", "passage": "Spend a day in Optimisticeskaja and be dazed by the underground gypsum caves. Couple that with a recluse of two days in Ternopil to indulge in the hospitality of Ukraine hotels and their delectable cuisine.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.0528573989868164, "source": "search", "title": "Optimisticeskaja - youmustsee.com" } ]

[ { "answer": "London", "passage": "1.London. With a population of 14,000,000 inhabitants London is the largest city in the European Union and Europe. Its territory is vast.", "precise_score": 3.8289740085601807, "rough_score": 1.930472493171692, "source": "search", "title": "The 10 largest cities in Europe | Tourist Maker" }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "As some cities have very narrow city limits and others very wide, the list may not give an accurate view of the comparative magnitude of different places, and the figures in the list should be treated with caution. For example, the populations of Greater London and Greater Paris constitute the largest urban areas in the EU, but the strict definition of the limits of Paris results in a far lower population shown in the table below.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.824286937713623, "source": "wiki", "title": "List of largest cities in the European Union by population within city limits" }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "Only London, not counting the nearby towns has a length of about 60 kilometres from east to west. In fact, the British capital occupies a larger area even from the U.S. metropolis New York .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.077001571655273, "source": "search", "title": "The 10 largest cities in Europe | Tourist Maker" }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "This is not surprising given the endless stream of immigrants who have flocked here from all around the world to seek their fortune. Today, London has become the personification of a world city and urban colour.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.294442176818848, "source": "search", "title": "The 10 largest cities in Europe | Tourist Maker" }, { "answer": "London", "passage": "3.Istanbul. Unlike London and Paris, the third largest agglomeration in the city rank is not a capital, but in spite of fact it is the largest city in Eastern Europe.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.2656090259552, "source": "search", "title": "The 10 largest cities in Europe | Tourist Maker" } ]

[ { "answer": "Three", "passage": "The Baltic states, also known as the Baltics, Baltic nations or Baltic countries (, , ), are the three countries in northern Europe on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The Baltic states cooperate on a regional level in several intergovernmental organizations.", "precise_score": 4.053937911987305, "rough_score": 5.694152355194092, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "In the late 1980s a massive campaign of civil resistance against Soviet rule, known as the Singing Revolution, began. Baltic Way was one of the most spectacular events when a two-million-strong human chain stretched for 600 km from Tallinn to Vilnius on 23 August 1989. In the wake of this campaign Gorbachev's government had privately concluded that the departure of the Baltic republics had become \"inevitable\". This process contributed to the dissolution of the Soviet Union setting a precedent for the other Soviet republics to secede from the USSR. Soviet Union recognized the independence of three Baltic states on 6 September 1991. There was a subsequent withdrawal of troops from the region (starting from Lithuania) in August 1993. The last Russian troops were withdrawn from there in August 1994. Skrunda-1, the last Russian military radar in the Baltics, officially suspended operations in August 1998. ", "precise_score": -0.4909781813621521, "rough_score": -2.0962307453155518, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "The same legal interpretation is shared by the United States, the United Kingdom, and all other Western democracies, who always considered the forcible incorporation of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania into the Soviet Union to be illegal. At least formally, the Western democracies never considered the three Baltic states to be constituent parts of the Soviet Union. Australia was a brief exception to this support of Baltic freedom: in 1974, the Labor government of Australia did recognize Soviet dominion, but this decision was reversed by the next Australian Parliament. ", "precise_score": 0.9860801696777344, "rough_score": 0.7067011594772339, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "During the Baltic fight for independence 1989–1992, a personal friendship developed between the (at that time unrecognized) Baltic ministers of foreign affairs and the Nordic ministers of foreign affairs. This friendship led to the creation of the Council of the Baltic Sea States in 1992, and the EuroFaculty in 1993. ", "precise_score": -0.6039741039276123, "rough_score": 0.8016431927680969, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "Currently governments of Baltic states cooperate in multiple ways. There is active cooperation among Presidents, parliament speakers, heads of government, and foreign ministers. On 8 November 1991, the Baltic Assembly was established for cooperation among parliaments. 15 to 20 MPs from each parliament represent their countries in the Assembly. For cooperation among governments Baltic Council of Ministers was established on 13 June 1994. Since 2003 Baltic Assembly is coordinated with the Baltic Council of Ministers. ", "precise_score": -0.0023134895600378513, "rough_score": 5.658980369567871, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "The Baltic states had the highest growth rates in Europe between 2000 and 2006, and this continued in 2007. In 2006 the economy in Estonia grew by 11.2% in GDP, while the Latvian economy grew by 11.9% and Lithuania by 7.5%. All three countries saw their rates of unemployment fall below the EU average by February 2006. Currently, all three Baltic States are classified as \"high income\" economies by the World Bank. Estonia adopted the euro in January 2011, Latvia in January 2014, and Lithuania in January 2015.", "precise_score": -0.6476203203201294, "rough_score": -2.834947347640991, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "Currently, the Baltic states have considerable Slavic populations: Latvia is 34.5% Slavic (including 26.7% Russian, 3.3% Belarusian, 2.2% Ukrainian, and 2.2% Polish), 28.8% of Estonia is Slavic (mostly Russian), and 13.8% of Lithuania is Slavic (including 6.5% Polish and 5.3% Russian).", "precise_score": 0.05554519593715668, "rough_score": -1.3131024837493896, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Because the three Baltic states had been occupied by Soviet Union later than other territories (hence, e.g., the higher living standard), there was a strong feeling of national identity (often labeled \"bourgeois nationalism\" by Soviets) and popular resentment towards the imposed Soviet rule in the three countries, in combination with Soviet cultural policy, which employed superficial multiculturalism (in order for the Soviet Union to appear as a multinational union based on free will of peoples) in limits allowed by the Communist \"internationalist\" (but in effect pro-Russification) ideology and under tight control of the Communist Party (those of the Baltic nationals who crossed the line were called \"bourgeois nationalists\" and repressed). This let Estonians, Latvians and Lithuanians preserve a high degree of Europe-oriented national identity. In Soviet times this made them appear as the \"West\" of the Soviet Union in the cultural and political sense, thus as close to emigration a Russian could get without leaving the Soviet Union.", "precise_score": -2.584841251373291, "rough_score": 0.036085814237594604, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Lithuania and the other Baltic states Latvia and Estonia set an example of rebellion for the rest of the USSR to follow. In 1988 while the rest of the USSR was relatively calm the Baltic states were in open defiance of the Kremlin. On 24 August 1989 half the adult population of the Baltics formed a human chain stretching the entire length of the three republics to protest against the fiftieth anniversary of Soviet rule. The Soviet authorities such was their loss of touch with the average person viewed the anniversary as a celebration. In the parliamentary elections Sajudis swept the board. They were elected to the Supreme Soviet in Moscow allowing their voices to be heard nationwide through televised coverage. On 11 March 1990 by 124 votes to zero with six abstentions the Lithuanian parliament passed the Act of the Supreme Council on the Restoration of the Independent Lithuanian State. This shocked the Kremlin who replied in the only way they knew how. Tanks were sent in on the 22 March and five days later Soviet troops occupied strategic buildings. Estonia and Latvia were not far behind declaring independence on 30 March and 4 May respectively. Economic sanctions were applied but had no effect just like the military actions before them.", "precise_score": -0.339988648891449, "rough_score": -1.1832983493804932, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic Independence from the Soviet Union | OnThisDay.com" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "The new-found freedom of the Baltic States was cut short in brutal fashion by the Second World War: Stalin invaded in 1940, Hitler took over in 1941 and Stalin returned in 1944. Hundreds of thousands of Balts fled to the west, but as many, if not more, were murdered or deported to Siberia. The Jewish communities of Riga and Vilnius were all but wiped out, and the three fledgling democracies were instantly extinguished.", "precise_score": -0.6723707318305969, "rough_score": -0.9319360256195068, "source": "search", "title": "The complete guide to the Baltics | Europe | Travel | The ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "If you want to find out more about the complex history of the Baltic countries, try Georg von Rauch's The Baltic States, the Years of Independence, 1917-1940; The Baltic States: the Years of Dependence by Misiunas and Taagepera, about the Soviet era; or, if you're interested in the recent restoration of independence, Anatol Lieven's The Baltic Revolution: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and the Path to Independence or One of the most entertaining books about pre-war Estonia is Ronald Seth's Baltic Corner (1939): the gentlemanly English author is startled by the local predilection for nude bathing.", "precise_score": -0.2601199746131897, "rough_score": 0.1253616362810135, "source": "search", "title": "The complete guide to the Baltics | Europe | Travel | The ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "The collapse of the German and Russian empires during World War I allowed the Baltic peoples to establish independent states. The road to independence was similar in all three. In November 1917, at the time of the Bolshevik Revolution in Petrograd (now St. Petersburg ), all of Lithuania and most of Latvia were under German military occupation. Estonia and the eastern part of Latvia were still under Russian control. In 1918, while the Baltic homelands were under German occupation, national councils declared independence and established governments. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk of March 3, 1918, ceded Russian rights to the entire Baltic area to Germany, which sought to organize puppet states in the region. Germany recognized the “independence” of the Duchy of Courland on March 15, 1918; of the Kingdom of Lithuania on March 23, 1918; and of the remainder of the region on September 22, 1918. The Balts, however, sought genuine independence. The German collapse in late 1918 was followed by attempts to reestablish Russian control through the imposition of Soviet regimes. The new national governments managed to survive the threat from the east as well as from other quarters. In 1920 the Soviets concluded peace treaties recognizing independent Baltic states. By 1922 all three states had become recognized members of the international community of states.", "precise_score": 0.6160985231399536, "rough_score": -1.4900702238082886, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states - Independence and the 20th century | region ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "Having emerged as independent entities during the collapse of Germany and Russia, the Baltic states retained independence as long as both of these powers remained weak or antagonistic. In the power struggle that developed in the late 1930s, the Baltic states attempted to maintain absolute neutrality. They had signed nonaggression pacts with the U.S.S.R. that were renewed in 1934. In 1939 they likewise signed nonaggression pacts with Germany. But their fate was determined apart from their own activity.", "precise_score": 0.5624863505363464, "rough_score": 0.4611319899559021, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states - Independence and the 20th century | region ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "In early October Moscow demanded that all three Baltic states sign pacts of mutual assistance that allowed the stationing of Soviet garrisons on their territory. The three states felt isolated and, realizing the futility of military resistance, signed the treaties. Estonia and Latvia admitted garrisons that exceeded their own peacetime armies in size. In the case of Lithuania, the pill was sweetened by the return of Vilnius and its environs, which the Red Army had occupied during its invasion of eastern Poland on September 15, 1939.", "precise_score": -1.4620311260223389, "rough_score": -3.1884279251098633, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states - Independence and the 20th century | region ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "Wartime losses in the Baltic states were among the highest in Europe. Estimates of wartime population loss stand at 25 percent for Estonia, 30 percent for Latvia, and 15 percent for Lithuania. These include the Soviet deportations in 1941, the German deportation and extermination of the Jewish population, and the sizable flight to Sweden and Germany in 1944–45. War and occupation deaths have been estimated at 90,000 in Estonia, 180,000 in Latvia, and 250,000 in Lithuania.", "precise_score": -1.8054074048995972, "rough_score": -2.3989803791046143, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states - Independence and the 20th century | region ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "In 1988 mass movements for change emerged in each of the Baltic republics: the Popular Front of Estonia, the Popular Front of Latvia, and the Lithuanian Movement for Reconstruction (Sa̡jūdis). In 1989 their elected representatives at the Congress of People’s Deputies in Moscow formally raised the question of the illegality of the incorporation of the Baltic states into the U.S.S.R. On August 23, 1989, a massive demonstration involving some 500,000 people—a human chain linking Tallinn in Estonia, Riga in Latvia, and Vilnius in Lithuania—dramatized the 50th anniversary of the German-Soviet pact of 1939, whose secret provisions had led to the Soviet occupation of the Baltic states.", "precise_score": -0.3125441074371338, "rough_score": -2.060992479324341, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states - Independence and the 20th century | region ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "The subsequent decade saw the development of new constitutions, new currencies, and new foreign markets for each of the Baltic states. The immediate post-Soviet period, however, was marked by economic instability, and in 1998 a financial crisis in Russia had repercussions throughout the region. Nevertheless, at the beginning of the 21st century, the Baltic states experienced sustained economic growth and closer integration with the nations of the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization—two groups that all three countries joined in 2004.", "precise_score": -1.1165608167648315, "rough_score": -1.1042388677597046, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states - Independence and the 20th century | region ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "the three Baltic country�s ethnic minority population was less than a quarter of the total population.  In 1922 Estonians made up 87.7% of the entire population while", "precise_score": -1.4488017559051514, "rough_score": -2.121328115463257, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "The strong connection between the Balts and the Russians is demonstrated by the fact that a majority of the Balts wanted autonomous status within the USSR after the revolutions of 1917 (Lieven, 57). Strong national groups, however, were able to mobilize the population towards complete independence. The period between 1918-1940 is legendary in Baltic history as a time absent of foreign incursion. The national movement that advocated separation from Russia gained strength, as leaders were elected on pro-Baltic platforms. This conflicted greatly with the multi-ethnic makeup of the Baltic countries, setting the foundation for anti-ethnic minority ideologies. In all three Baltic states, parties emerged that advanced ideas like anti-semitism , and in all three cases, leaders created authoritarian governments to prevent the spread of anti-ethnic sentiment (Lieven, 69). The present-day glorification of this time in the democratic Baltic is ironic in that democracy only existed briefly and was quickly replaced by strong authoritarian nations. These governments were able to stem nationalist sentiment and keep control of the population, until Soviet and German invasion in the 1940s.", "precise_score": -1.8028061389923096, "rough_score": -1.8573740720748901, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic States | Russia's Periphery" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "When the Baltic States finally achieved independence in 1991, they were left with indelible footprints from the Soviet legacy. Soviet economic planning had led this once highly agrarian society to a dependence on heavily-regulated industry, a dependence that Lieven argues caused a permanent decrease in Baltic quality of life (Lieven, 64). Soviet life also left behind a lingering depression, an inability to escape from a world where “the only way to improve your life was to compromise yourself completely” (Lieven, 83). The memory of Stalin’s terror was still very near to the Baltic conscience, and some advocated for a “Nuremberg trial for Bolshevism” (Lieven, 99).", "precise_score": -1.8802635669708252, "rough_score": 0.45574238896369934, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic States | Russia's Periphery" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Baltic political context, as the ideal of states coterminous with the three Baltic nationalities problematizes both the situation of those minorities presently residing in the Baltics – principally the Russian community – and Baltic attitudes towards the role of minority peoples in the history of the region.", "precise_score": -1.0017181634902954, "rough_score": 4.070477485656738, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic States | Russia's Periphery" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "Following the declarations of Baltic independence and the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the new Baltic republics inherited enormous Russian minorities: 10% of the population in Lithuania, 34% in Latvia, and 30% in Estonia (Lieven, 432-434). These minority populations were in many cases isolated from the local majority by ignorance of the language and geographic isolation. For the Baltic independence movements, driven by nationalist rationale, the Russian minorities posed a dual problem. On one hand, they were palpable reminders of Russian and Soviet domination, if not active agents of Russian cultural imperialism. On the other hand, they were obstacles to the ideal of linguistically and ethnically homogeneous Baltic nation-states oriented toward the countries of Western Europe.", "precise_score": 0.4450910687446594, "rough_score": 0.3867848217487335, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic States | Russia's Periphery" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "The centrality of the minority question in Baltic politics originates in the nationalistic basis of the independence movements and the governments that established each of the three “Second Republics.” Motivated in their struggle against Soviet rule by the perception that the Soviet Union and the Baltic Russians threatened the survival of the ancient Baltic cultures with Russification, the Baltic nationalists constructed their political positions around matters of language, culture, and history. If the principal reason why the Baltics needed to separate from the Soviet Union and minimize Russian influence was because each linguistically delineated nation should have its own state in order to protect its integrity, then the basis of policy in those states had to be the preservation and promotion of Baltic cultures. As Lieven notes, some of the first voices of anti-Soviet dissent were ostensibly ecological in nature, but in the context of Baltic politics, Green Parties lie on the ideological Right, and the protection of the land goes hand-in-hand with ideas about the health of the nation (Lieven, 220).", "precise_score": -2.6090281009674072, "rough_score": -0.7722471952438354, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic States | Russia's Periphery" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "Sometimes, a state wishing to achieve independence from a dominating power will issue a declaration of independence; the earliest surviving example is Scotland's Declaration of Arbroath in 1320, with the most recent example being Azawad's declaration of independence in 2012. Declaring independence and attaining it however, are quite different. A well-known successful example is the U.S. Declaration of Independence issued in 1776. The dates of established independence (or, less commonly, the commencement of revolution), are typically celebrated as a national holiday known as an independence day.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.161681175231934, "source": "wiki", "title": "Independence" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Historically, there have been three major periods of declaring independence:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.320977210998535, "source": "wiki", "title": "Independence" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "* from the 1770s, beginning with the American Revolutionary War through the 1830s, when the last royalist bastions fell at the close of the Spanish American wars of independence;", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.375396728515625, "source": "wiki", "title": "Independence" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "At the same time, despite considerable linguistic proximity, politically Latvia and Lithuania have gone different ways for most of their history, Lithuania at one point forming a commonwealth with Poland, giving rise to one of the largest countries in Europe at the time; while Latvia and also Estonia were ruled by the Baltic German elite for over 700 years. After the collapse of Livonia, parts of Latvia and Estonia came under influence of the Commonwealth and Sweden. This lasted until the 18th century, when the lands of all three modern countries were gradually absorbed into the Russian Empire. The Baltic states gained independence after the First World War, but were occupied by the Soviet Union during the Second World War, regaining independence in the early 1990s.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.304786682128906, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "All three countries are members of the European Union, NATO and the Eurozone. Estonia and Latvia are members of the OECD.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.959579944610596, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "In 13th century pagan Baltic and Finnic peoples in the region became target of Northern Crusades. In the aftermath of Livonian crusade a crusader state officially named Terra Mariana, but also known as Livonia, was established in territory of modern Latvia and Southern Estonia. It was divided in four autonomous bishoprics and lands of Livonian Brothers of the Sword. After Brothers of the Sword suffered defeat in Battle of Saule its remains became integrated in Teutonic Order as autonomous Livonian Order. Northern Estonia initially became Danish dominion, but was purchased by Teutonic Order in the mid-14th century. The majority of the crusaders and clergy were German and remained influential in Estonia and most of Latvia until first half of 20th century - Baltic Germans formed the backbone of the local gentry, and German served both as a lingua franca and for record keeping. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.909448623657227, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "Lithuanians were also targeted by crusaders, however were able to resist and formed the Grand Duchy of Lithuania some time before 1252. It allied with the Kingdom of Poland. After Union of Krewo in 1385 created dynastic union between the two countries they became the ever closer integrated and finally merged into the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1569. After the victory in the Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War the Polish–Lithuanian union became a major political power in the region.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.555505752563477, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "In 1558 Livonia was attacked by Tsardom of Russia and the Livonian war, which lasted until 1583, broke out. The rulers of different regions within Livonia sought to ally with foreign powers, which resulted in Polish–Lithuanian, Swedish and Danish involvement. As a result, by the 1561 Livonian confederation had ceased to exist and its lands in modern Latvia and Southern Estonia became Duchy of Courland and Semigallia and Duchy of Livonia, which were vassals to Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Osel island came under Danish rule and Northern Estonia became Swedish Duchy of Estonia. In aftermath of later conflicts in 17th century much of Duchy of Livonia and Osel also came under Swedish control as Swedish Livonia. These newly acquired Swedish territories as well as Ingria and Kexholm (now the western part of the Leningrad Oblast of Russia) became known as Baltic Dominions (). Parts of Duchy of Livonia that remained in the Commonwealth became Inflanty Voivodeship, which contributed to modern Latgale region in Eastern Latvia becoming culturally distinct from rest of Latvia as German nobility lost its influence and the region remained Catholic just like Poland-Lithuania, while rest of Latvia (and also Estonia) became Lutheran.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.403964042663574, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "Prior to the Second World war Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania each experienced an authoritarian head of state that had come to power after a bloodless coup: Konstantin Päts in Estonia (1934), Kārlis Ulmanis in Latvia (1934), and Antanas Smetona in Lithuania (1926). Some note that the events in Lithuania differed from its two more northerly neighbors, with Smetona having different motivations as well as securing power 8 years before any such events in Latvia or Estonia took place. Despite considerable political turmoil in Finland no such events took place there. Finland did however get embroiled in a bloody civil war, something that did not happen in the Baltics. Some controversy surrounds the Baltic authoritarian régimes – due to the general stability and rapid economic growth of the period (even if brief) some avoid the label \"authoritarian\"; others, however, condemn such \"apologetic\" attitude (see, for example: Later assessments in Kārlis Ulmanis.)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.827388286590576, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "In accordance with a secret protocol within the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact of 1939 that divided Europe into German and Soviet spheres of influence, the Soviet Army entered eastern Poland in September 1939, and then coerced the Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania into mutual assistance treaties which granted them right to form military bases in these. In June 1940, the Red Army occupied all of the territory of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, and the Red Army installed new, pro-Soviet governments in all three countries. Following rigged elections, in which only pro-communist candidates were allowed to run, the newly \"elected\" parliaments of the three countries formally applied to \"join\" the Soviet Union in August 1940 and were incorporated into it as the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic, and the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic. After the incorporation of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia into the Soviet Union as Soviet republics, they were informally grouped as \"Baltic republics\" (прибалтийские республики).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.278356075286865, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "Repressions, executions and mass deportations followed after that in the Baltics. Deportations were used as a part of the Soviet Union's attempts, along with instituting the Russian Language as the only working language and other such tactics, at sovietization of its occupied territories. More than 200,000 people were deported by the Soviet government from the Baltic in 1940-1953 to remote, inhospitable areas of the Soviet Union. In addition, at least 75,000 were sent to Gulag. 10% of the entire adult Baltic population was deported or sent to labor camps. (See June deportation, Soviet deportations from Estonia, Sovietization of the Baltic states)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.4771318435668945, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "The forced collectivisation of agriculture began in 1947, and was completed after the mass deportation in March 1949 (see Operation Priboi). Private farms were confiscated, and farmers were made to join the collective farms. In all three countries, Baltic partisans, known colloquially as the Forest Brothers, Latvian national partisans, and Lithuanian partisans, waged unsuccessful guerrilla warfare against the Soviet occupation for the next eight years in a bid to regain their nations' independence. Although the armed resistance was defeated, the population remained anti-Soviet.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.589742660522461, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "The Baltic countries are located in Northern Europe and have a seaside; thanks to that they are able to interact with many European countries. All three countries are parliamentary democracies, which have unicameral parliaments that are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms – Riigikogu of Estonia, Saeima of Latvia and Seimas of Lithuania. In Latvia and Estonia, the president is elected by parliament while Lithuania has a semi-presidential system and the president is elected by popular vote. All are parts of the EU and the NATO.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.123902797698975, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Each of the three countries has declared itself to be the restoration of the sovereign nations that had existed from 1918 to 1940, emphasizing their contention that Soviet domination over the Baltic nations during the Cold War period had been an illegal occupation and annexation.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.694625854492188, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "File:Estpresident 1c300 8784.jpg| EstoniaToomas Hendrik IlvesPresident of Estonia", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.464624404907227, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "File:Flickr_-_Saeima_-_10.Saeimas_deput%C4%81ts_Raimonds_V%C4%93jonis.jpg| LatviaRaimonds VējonisPresident of Latvia", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.283023834228516, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania have been members of both the EU and NATO since 2004. Today the three countries are liberal democracies and their market economies in recent years have undergone rapid expansion in the early 2000s. However, the economies were hard-hit by the financial crisis of 2007–2010. According to projections by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the GDP based on purchasing power parity decreased by 13% to 17% from 2008 to 2009. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.947746276855469, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "However, due to the global economic crisis, the Baltic economies in 2008 were fragile and the previous fast growth had switched to recession in Estonia and Latvia by the end of 2008, followed by Lithuania in 2009. In 2009, unemployment rate rose to 13.7% in Lithuania, 17.3% in Latvia and 13.8% in Estonia, as compared to a \"Advanced Europe\" level of 8.8% (the 2009 unemployment rate in so called \"Emerging Europe\" countries was higher but still below that found in the Baltic states). Over the course of 2011, the unemployment rates were expected to rise even further, despite an expected recovery in output.International Monetary Fund, [http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2010/02/pdf/text.pdf World Economic Outlook] In 2009, real aggregate GDP fell by 14.8% in Lithuania, by 18% in Latvia and 13.9% in Estonia, compared to an overall fall of 3.7% among all countries in the \"Emerging Europe\" group. Output was expected to recover somewhat in Lithuania and Estonia, with projected growth rates of 1.3% and 1.8% respectively, while in Latvia GDP was expected to fall by further 1%. Although Estonia had so far succeeded on keeping its debt levels one of the lowest in the European Union, the southern Baltic states were in a more difficult situation. Rather defaulting on debt in the lead-up to the sub-prime mortgage crash, the Latvian government had responded to EU and IMF pressure by taking on private debt. Latvia accepted a 7.5 billion euro EU–IMF loan.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.911373615264893, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "Apart from the indigenous languages, German was the dominant language in Estonia and Latvia in academics, professional life, and upper society from the 13th century until World War I. Polish served a similar function in Lithuania. Numerous Swedish loanwords have made it into the Estonian language; it was under the Swedish rule that schools were established and education propagated in the 17th century. Swedish remains spoken in Estonia, particularly the Estonian Swedish dialect of the Estonian Swedes of northern Estonia and the islands (though many fled to Sweden as the Soviet Union invaded and re-occupied Estonia in 1944). There is also significant proficiency in Finnish in Estonia owing to its closeness to the native Estonian and also the widespread practice of listening to Finnish broadcasts during the Soviet era. Russian also achieved significant usage particularly in commerce.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.441690444946289, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Basketball is a notable sport across the Baltic states. Teams from the three countries compete in the respective national championships and the Baltic Basketball League. The Lithuanian teams have been the strongest, with the BC Žalgiris winning the 1999 FIBA Euroleague.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.511354923248291, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "The Lithuania men's national basketball team has won the EuroBasket on three occasions and has claimed third place at the 2010 World Cup and three Olympic tournaments. Meanwhile, the Latvia men's national basketball team won the 1935 Eurobasket and finished second in 1939, but has performed poorly since the 1990s. Lithuania hosted the Eurobasket in 1939 and 2011, whereas Latvia was one of the hosts in 2015. The historic Lithuanian basketball team Kauno Žalgiris won the Euroleague in 1999. However, the Latvia women's national basketball team finished fourth at the 2007 Eurobasket.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.050029754638672, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "Estonian and Soviet chess grandmaster Paul Keres was among the world's top players from the mid-1930s to the mid-1960s. He narrowly missed a chance at a World Chess Championship match on five occasions. Estonian Markko Märtin was successful World Rally Championship in the early 2000, where he got five wins and 18 podiums, as well as a third place in the 2004 standings.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.489913940429688, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "All three are Parliamentary republics, joined the European Union on 1 May 2004, share EET time zone/EEST schedules and euro currency.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.902512550354004, "source": "wiki", "title": "Baltic states" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "Friday 1 June 2001 23:00 BST", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.569282531738281, "source": "search", "title": "The complete guide to the Baltics | Europe | Travel | The ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Largely forgotten by the world, Soviet-occupied Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania hit the headlines in the late 1980s with a near-bloodless (hence \"Singing\") revolution that led to the restoration of their independence in 1991. Since giving Communism the boot, this energetic trio have seen their economic fortunes soar, with all three countries set fair for admission to the European Union in the next few years.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.5343017578125, "source": "search", "title": "The complete guide to the Baltics | Europe | Travel | The ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Wedged between the Russia and the Baltic Sea, with Russia's annexe ­ Kaliningrad ­ acting as a bookend for Lithuania. Belarus and Poland complete the perimeter. Running from Estonia in the north to Lithuania in the south, these flat, thickly forested lands are unspoilt, rural and sparsely populated, but all three have buzzing, historic capitals, folkloric traditions that have survived centuries of foreign oppression, and customs and cuisines shaped by a peculiar mix of German, Russian and, in Lithuania, Polish influence.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.353596687316895, "source": "search", "title": "The complete guide to the Baltics | Europe | Travel | The ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Because it's geographically convenient; because all three established themselves as modern, democratic nations in the interwar period, and emerged from the Soviet yoke at roughly the same time; and because that's what Moscow did when it forcibly annexed them during the Second World War.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.371021270751953, "source": "search", "title": "The complete guide to the Baltics | Europe | Travel | The ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "In the 18th century, most of the territory of the present-day Baltic countries was gobbled up by Imperial Russia. During the 19th century, the grind of Tsarist oppression inspired a powerful cultural awakening in native Estonians, Latvians and Lithuanians, paving the way for the three countries to declare their independence in the turmoil after the First World War.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.792507648468018, "source": "search", "title": "The complete guide to the Baltics | Europe | Travel | The ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "Estonia: Estonian Air (020-7333 0196; www.estonian-air.ee ) flies direct from Gatwick to Tallinn; from £275. Cheap alternative: fly on buzz (0870 240 7070; www.buzzaway.com ) from Stansted to Helsinki, for around £100 return, then there is the choice of passenger and car ferries or hydrofoils between Helsinki and Tallinn (journey time from 90 minutes) run by Tallink (00 358 9 228 311; www.tallink.fi ); you can also cross via catamaran with Nordic Jet (00 358 9 681 770; www.njl.fi).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.043304443359375, "source": "search", "title": "The complete guide to the Baltics | Europe | Travel | The ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "Latvia: British Airways (0845 773 3377; www.british-airways.com ) flies five times weekly from Gatwick to Riga (from £197).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.160752296447754, "source": "search", "title": "The complete guide to the Baltics | Europe | Travel | The ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "Lithuania: Lithuanian Airlines (020 8759 7323; www.lal.lt ) flies from Heathrow to Vilnius from £265. Cheap alternative: Ryanair (08701 569 569; www.ryanair.com ) from Stansted to Lubeck, a short hop on the train to Kiel and then the Lisco (00 370 61 55943) ship to Klaipeda.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.021760940551758, "source": "search", "title": "The complete guide to the Baltics | Europe | Travel | The ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "The Baltic States are at their best between April and October; July is the hottest, and most touristy, month. Go in June if you want to witness the \"white nights\" (in reality, a kind of eerie grey that lingers through the brief night) and the ritualistic St John's Night festivals (23 June), which herald the long-awaited arrival of summer. Bonfires are lit across the countryside, and every village celebrates what was traditionally seen as the longest day of the year by drinking, staring into the flames or singing, dancing and leaping over the bonfire.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.949100971221924, "source": "search", "title": "The complete guide to the Baltics | Europe | Travel | The ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "First-timers should aim for the capitals. All three have historic city centres, and are beautiful in strikingly different ways.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.476293563842773, "source": "search", "title": "The complete guide to the Baltics | Europe | Travel | The ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "You're also guaranteed a bit of peace and quiet: Estonia, for example, has an average population density of 32 people per sq km (the UK packs more than 200 people into the same space), and its main islands, Saaremaa and Hiiumaa, are spectacularly tranquil. While you're out in the wild, don't miss an opportunity to plunge into a rural sauna, where you can beat yourself (or a companion) with traditional birch twigs.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.291589736938477, "source": "search", "title": "The complete guide to the Baltics | Europe | Travel | The ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "For details of rural accommodation in Estonia, contact Eesti Maaturism (00 372 556 55172; www.maaturism.ee ); in Latvia, contact the Country Tourism Association (00 371 761 7600); and in Lithuania, contact the Lithuanian Tourist Information Centre (00 370 7 408 410; www.turinfo.lt or www.travel.lt). For information on all three, go to www.travel-guide.com .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.143983840942383, "source": "search", "title": "The complete guide to the Baltics | Europe | Travel | The ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Three Latvian beaches now have Blue Flag status, including Majori, in Jurmala, a string of small seaside towns dubbed the \"Baltic Riviera\" for their fine white-sand beaches and beautiful old wooden bungalows. Kremlin bigwigs loved it too, and built a luxurious hotel complex with private beaches, indoor pools and giant banqueting halls; lesser mortals can stay there now, but at a price (Rigas Licis; 00 371 776 11 80). Estonia's short stretch of beaches is centred around the lively spa town of Pärnu, while Palanga, Lithuania's summer playground, has a splendid long beach with a nudist area, and an infectious party atmosphere in summer.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.13991641998291, "source": "search", "title": "The complete guide to the Baltics | Europe | Travel | The ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "Travelling between the Baltic countries is not as easy as you might expect. Riga-based Air Baltic (00 371 720 7777; [email protected] ) flies between the capitals, but at prices tailored to the business traveller. The railway network is slow and desperately in need of investment, so the locals rely on cheap but comfortable coaches. It takes six hours to travel from Tallinn to Riga and another six to get from Riga to Vilnius. There's also a good network of buses linking the main towns. You won't save much time if you drive: speed limits are strict, and the quality of the main highways is erratic. The car comes into its own when you explore the countryside. There's a good choice of car-hire companies, but be warned: the quality of local driving can be frighteningly bad.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.475478649139404, "source": "search", "title": "The complete guide to the Baltics | Europe | Travel | The ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "If you're not in a rush, cycling is the best way to get around the flat Baltic countryside ­ the highest point, Estonia's Suur Munamägi (Big Egg Mountain), soars to a towering 318m.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.399324417114258, "source": "search", "title": "The complete guide to the Baltics | Europe | Travel | The ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Regent Holidays ( www.regent-holidays.co.uk ; 0117 921 1711) organises a two-week Historical Baltic tour ­ which includes Kaliningrad (from £1,135) ­ a five-day Lithuanian Highlights with Riga tour (from £578), individual itineraries to the capitals (£554) and trips to Estonia only (£464). Exodus (020-8675 5550; www.exodustravels.co.uk ) organises 11-day escorted cycling trips to Latvia and Estonia (£1,059). Martin Randall Travel (020-8742 3355; www.martinrandall.com ) offers 12-day escorted cultural tours for £1,740. Scantours (020-7839 2927; www.scantoursuk.com ) has city breaks to each capital (starting at £410) and an eight-day guided tour of all three (£825).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.537635803222656, "source": "search", "title": "The complete guide to the Baltics | Europe | Travel | The ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "The national tourist boards and information centres can give you details of local tourist offices: Estonia (00 372 699 0420; www.tourism.ee ); Latvia (00 371 722 9945; www.latviatravel.com ); Lithuania (00 370 262 2610; www.tourism.lt ).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.609771728515625, "source": "search", "title": "The complete guide to the Baltics | Europe | Travel | The ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "On November 30, 1917, after the Bolshevik usurpation of power in Petrograd, the Latvian Provisional National Council, meeting in the Soviet-held part of the country, proclaimed an autonomous Latvian province within ethnographic boundaries. Soon afterward all of Latvia came under German military occupation. On November 18, 1918, the newly created Latvian People’s Council , meeting in Riga, declared the independence of Latvia and set up a national government. A Soviet invasion followed. On January 3, 1919, Riga fell and a Bolshevik Latvian regime was set up. The national government retreated to Liepāja, where it received the protection of a British naval squadron.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.800444602966309, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states - Independence and the 20th century | region ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Economic reorganization was less drastic in Lithuania, which had developed a prosperous independent farming class in tsarist times. Some redistribution of estate land to army volunteers occurred. Lithuania remained an overwhelmingly rural country throughout the interwar period. The authoritarian regime of Smetona sponsored cooperatives to handle the collection and marketing of farm produce. By the late 1930s these cooperatives had emerged as significant economic undertakings. All three countries were significant exporters of foodstuffs to the western European market, particularly to the United Kingdom , with Germany a close second. Trade with the U.S.S.R. remained minimal.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.189535140991211, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states - Independence and the 20th century | region ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "By September 22, 1921, all three states were members of the League of Nations and of the international community. They subscribed to all conventions of a humanitarian, social, and cultural nature and participated in all efforts to maintain the political status quo and prevent the outbreak of war. In 1936 Latvia was given a nonpermanent seat on the Council of the League of Nations. The attempt, particularly by Estonia and Latvia, to serve as a bridge between the West and the U.S.S.R. remained only partly successful. Various projects for regional security did not materialize, because of Western hesitation in making commitments. Lithuania’s conflict with Poland rendered the construction of a regional entente for security purposes extremely difficult. Outside powers sought to avoid entangling alliances. Nevertheless, an Estonian-Latvian alliance was formalized in 1922 and renewed in 1934. In the latter year Lithuania acceded to it as well, and the alliance became known as the Baltic Entente .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.405442714691162, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states - Independence and the 20th century | region ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "The Baltic question figured as a stumbling block in the abortive British-French negotiations with the U.S.S.R. in the summer of 1939. The Western unwillingness to sanction the Baltic states’ absorption by the U.S.S.R. was not shared by Germany. In the secret protocol to the German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact of August 23, 1939, Estonia and Latvia were recognized as falling within a Soviet sphere of influence. Lithuania was given to Germany. A month later, after the Germans had overrun Poland but had failed to induce the Lithuanians to become their allies and retake Vilnius, a secret German-Soviet territorial rearrangement on September 28 assigned most of Lithuania to the Soviet sphere.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.959587097167969, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states - Independence and the 20th century | region ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Sovietization moved at a rapid pace, taking little, if any, consideration of the constitutions in force in the three countries. The outlawed communist parties, whose memberships were extremely small, emerged as the leading political force. On July 14–15 the new Soviet regimes organized elections to people’s assemblies in which only a single slate of candidates appeared. The new assemblies immediately voted, by acclamation, to request incorporation of their countries into the U.S.S.R. In early August 1940 these requests were “accepted” by the Supreme Soviet of the U.S.S.R.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.718048095703125, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states - Independence and the 20th century | region ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "National and social life was quickly restructured to fit into a Soviet mold. Property was extensively nationalized. Initially professional and educated circles were principally affected. Within a year the targets had become indiscriminate . Beginning on the night of June 13–14, 1941, mass deportations , including women and children, to Arctic or desert regions of the U.S.S.R. were carried out. Estonia lost about 60,000 people, while Latvia and Lithuania lost about 35,000 each. The deportations were still under way when Germany attacked the U.S.S.R. on June 22, 1941.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.330493927001953, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states - Independence and the 20th century | region ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Indigenous but virtually powerless local administrations were set up in each of the Baltic countries. Their principal task, apart from day-to-day administration, was to funnel Baltic resources into the German war effort. Attempts to attract volunteers for various German-sponsored military or paramilitary units proved only partially successful. In all three countries several armed police battalions composed of volunteers were organized to provide military support away from their homelands. Waffen-SS —that is, frontline divisions serving on the Eastern Front—were also organized. Estonia contributed one such unit and Latvia two. In 1944 a Lithuanian home defense unit was organized, but dislocations and German failure to honour promises to the organizers about its functions led to its effective disbandment. In total disregard of international conventions, the German administration declared a compulsory draft into the Reich labour service. Efforts to conscript such labour did not meet expected results.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.9242095947265625, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states - Independence and the 20th century | region ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Anti-German opposition crystallized in the Baltic countries. Procommunist and nationalist guerrilla movements existed throughout the war. Three thousand Estonians fled to Finland and joined the Finnish armed forces in their war against the U.S.S.R. In Latvia an underground nationalist Central Council of Latvia was formed on August 13, 1943. An analogous body, the Supreme Committee for the Liberation of Lithuania, emerged on November 25, 1943, and on March 23, 1944, the underground National Committee of the Estonian Republic was founded. The three maintained contact with each other and with the outside world through Finland and Sweden. Each suffered heavily from German repression in the spring and summer of 1944. During the fall of 1944, most of the region reverted to Soviet control. The Germans held out in western Lithuania until early 1945 and in Courland until the capitulation of May 8, 1945.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.9389238357543945, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states - Independence and the 20th century | region ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "The regime sought to eradicate the last vestiges of the period of independence. The independent farming class that had provided the political base of the independence period was especially targeted. Opposition proved particularly pronounced and dramatic in rural areas, especially in Lithuania, then still an overwhelmingly agrarian society. National guerrilla opposition developed by late 1944 and lasted into the early 1950s. It proved especially acute during two waves in 1948–49 of forced collectivization accompanied by mass deportations. It has been estimated that between 1946 and 1953 deportations and guerrilla deaths reached 95,000 in Estonia, 125,000 in Latvia, and 310,000 in Lithuania. After 1953 many of the surviving deportees were allowed to return, though in many cases not to their former homes.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.890558242797852, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states - Independence and the 20th century | region ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Postwar socioeconomic policies transformed all three countries from predominantly rural societies into largely urbanized countries. In 1939 Estonia had been 66 percent rural; Latvia, 65 percent; and Lithuania, 77 percent. Fifty years later these figures were reversed: Estonia was 72 percent urban; Latvia, 71 percent; and Lithuania, 67 percent. The three Baltic republics were the most urbanized portion of the U.S.S.R.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.641259670257568, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states - Independence and the 20th century | region ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "The attempts to reform the system during the second half of the 1980s under the guidance of Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev created a new situation in the Baltic lands. The weakening of the central power structure in Moscow allowed an assertion of increasing autonomy in the constituent republics of the U.S.S.R. The process was especially pronounced in the three Baltic republics, whose indigenous populations had never reconciled themselves to the loss of independence. Moreover, the incorporation of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania into the U.S.S.R. had never been recognized de jure by the United States or virtually any other Western country. The remaining prewar legations and consulates in the West underscored the unsettled situation.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.940417289733887, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states - Independence and the 20th century | region ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Elections in early 1990 resulted in pro-independence majorities in all three Baltic legislatures. Meeting on March 11, 1990, the first freely elected parliament in postwar Lithuania declared the reestablishment of an independent state. Estonia followed later in the month and Latvia in May. The declarations were pronounced illegal by Moscow, which set up an economic blockade of Lithuania, restricting deliveries of oil and gas. A series of other moves designed to reinstate pro-Soviet governments and to undercut the Baltic resolve for independence followed. These culminated in bloodshed on January 13, 1991, during the Soviet military occupation of the Vilnius television tower. A few days later a bloody incident occurred in Riga. Sporadic outbreaks of violence continued throughout the spring and summer.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.2268500328063965, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states - Independence and the 20th century | region ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "into one grouping is very difficult. It is not until the time of the Second World War that we can historically label the three countries as a unit of some sort.  In this paper I will be discussing how the three countries that had never existed before their independence from the Russian Empire in 1918 were able to become free, and what was their economic and political structure during the years of independence. The Estonians, Latvians and Lithuanians were able to achieve independence by having an aversion to their foreign rulers, formation of national self-awareness and most importantly being ready to assert themselves politically when the time was right.                                                         ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.135862350463867, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "for thousands of years but it was not until the early part of the 20th century that they were able to once again rule their lands.  Between the beginning of the 13th century and the start of the 20th Germanic noble families controlled the lands of modern day", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.498958587646484, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "It was during the 12th and 13th centuries that these people started losing their land to foreign invaders.  Since then,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.511035919189453, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "In the 1890�s socialism and its ideas had spread to all three nations and easily became popular because Estonians, Latvians and Lithuanians were regarded to as a lower class by their foreign landowners.  The appeal of socialism was furthered by this class struggle and when in 1905 the Russian Tsar�s army opened fire on socialist demonstrators, it sparked demonstrations and strikes all over the Russian empire.  This also spread to the countryside �where the seething discontent among the peasant population provided a perfect setting for violent attacks on German estates.�(von Rauch)  During the 1905 revolution, poverty-stricken Baltic peasants vented their anger at Czarist police and Baltic German nobility, who owned more than half of all land in", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.056339263916016, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": ". �In the Lithuanian provinces the destruction of estates was rare, but strikes by farm laborers were widespread.� (Smith)  In the end almost 600 estates had been destroyed by arson in all three provinces.  \"It was a violent time in the", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.41708755493164, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "to acquire its �guarantee� of their �territorial integrity�(Crowe) and in the fall of 1921 all three countries were admitted.  The League of Nations was intended to be a worldwide peacekeeping organization but this later proved unsuccessful as it did nothing to stop the annexation of the Baltic States by the", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.420343399047852, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": ".  All three countries looked to", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.439175605773926, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": ".  It was not until 1920 that the Lithuanian government could meet for the first time.  Antanas Smetona who had been president of the Republic from April of 1919 under the National Council (Taryba) stood down in 1922 to Aleksansdras Stulginskis.  In 1923, in search for a port to the Baltic, Lithuanian military forces took over the area of", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.6942720413208, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "throughout the '20s and '30s.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.476152420043945, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "In an atmosphere of general economic misery and wartime decimation of much of the region's infrastructure, land reform was carried out in all three countries. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.495926856994629, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "had more of a problem with illiteracy.  In 1923, 32.6% of the whole population was unable to read or write although free education was also provided. (Smith)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.55534839630127, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "�s population in 1920 was 72.6% native and Lithuanians made up 80.6% of its population in 1923.  (Smith)  All three countries had passed extremely egalitarian constitutions that allowed for extensive minority rights.  These constitutions all contained a general statement to the effect that no citizen was to be victimized on account of his nationality, belief or race.  (von Rauch)  In the 1920�s in", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.815164566040039, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "When we hear someone speak of an authoritarian regime we automatically assume that this is synonymous with terror and fear.  This was not the case in the Baltic lands but strangely enough, in all three countries parliament was suspended in a coup by their first presidents.  By the late 20�s governments were changing an average of once a year, causing instability in politics.  In 1926, the Lithuanian Antanas Smetona suspended parliament and announced himself as sole leader of the nation.  In 1934, citing threats from extremist movements, Estonian Konstantin Pдts and Latvian Karlis Ulmanis dissolved parliaments and established themselves as rulers. Their regimes were rather mild authoritarian regimes compared to elsewhere in", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.8695244789123535, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "The 1930�s brought prosperity to the Baltic lands.  The greater powers of", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.174296379089355, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "were once again building up their strength for an inevitable war to come.  This brought about a need in agricultural, metal and oil products, all of which the Baltic countries could produce and as a result they prospered.  The independence period as a whole witnessed a remarkable expansion of education, culture and society as a whole. (Smith)  In 1930 the Great Depression slowed their progress but only a year later, their economies were back in full gear.  The Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian economies were among the most successful in", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.527789115905762, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "for war reparations that it used for capital investment.  Oil deposits had been found and were turned into a major industry.  By 1939", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.598410606384277, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "were also the largest importers of Lithuanian goods.  The progress being made by the Baltic countries could be seen if their trading position in 1938 is considered, when they exported about $65.8 million worth of goods, which was about half the amount exported by the [entire] Soviet Union in that year. (Smith) ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.756372451782227, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": " From the mid-1930s onwards, the foreign policies pursued by the Baltic States were influenced to an ever-larger extent by the rivalry between", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.731620788574219, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": ".  On August 23, 1939,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.292108535766602, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "The Soviet Union had already been building up its forces on the borders of the three countries since 1934 and on September 28, 1939 the Soviet Union gives", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.318164825439453, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "on October 5th, 1939 and consequently to", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355310440063477, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "before, after and during their short 20 years of independence is that of a tragic one.  When the three countries had finally rid themselves of foreign rule, they were invaded again without anyone to back them up.  Even though all three countries were members of the League of Nations, no one physically stepped in to help them and no one stepped in to halt their occupation and annexation by the", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.179856300354004, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "constitution which stated �to respect and preserve against external aggression, the territorial integrity and existing political independence of all its members and article 16 �provided for immediate economic and social, and potential military, sanctions against any member that committed an act of aggression.�  After WWII, the three countries lost about 30% of their pre-war population and would suffer through another 50 years before they reclaim their independence. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.917336463928223, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "1.  http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/nazsov/addsepro.htm A website at Yale University containing information and facts on the Secret Additional Protocol of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact of August 23, 1939.  Retrieved June 2, 2000 from the World Wide Web.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.501975059509277, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "Kirby, David.  The Baltic World 1772-1993. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.103220462799072, "source": "search", "title": "The Baltic Countries and their Years Of Independence, 1918 ..." }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Lithuania is a Parliamentary democracy on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea and it is the largest in Baltic countries. Lithuania has population about 3.2 million people and it is the southernmost of the three Baltic countries.  The capital of Lithuania is Vilnius. Lithuania was the first Soviet republic to declare independence from the USSR. Today Lithuania is a member of NATO, the Council of Europe, and the European Union. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.8516058921813965, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic countries - Baltic States" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Despite the three nations' similarities in history, politics and geography, their languages and culture belong to two distinct language families. The Latvian and Lithuanian languages make up the living members of the group of Baltic languages, spoken by the ethnic Balts in the region, which belongs to the Indo-European language family. Therefore, the Balts are Indo-Europeans.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.223175048828125, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Each of the three Baltic countries has the language of their respective titular nationality as an official language. Russian is spoken by the majority of the population in all three countries, and English is increasingly spoken as well, especially by the younger generations. Any attempt to speak the native language will be greatly appreciated. German is also spoken by some in all three countries and plays a historical role even though German-speaking minorities vanished after WWII; Finnish is understood in Estonia due to the similarity of Finnish and Estonian (but also spoken quite well by many due to access to Finnish TV and heavy tourism), and some Polish is also spoken in Lithuania.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.638268947601318, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "Note on Russian: as the status of the Russian language has been a contentious issue since the collapse of the USSR, and due to heated anti-Russian sentiment, it is advised that if you speak Russian, you attempt to first communicate in the native language, at least to issue greetings and ask if the person speaks Russian. The greatest hostility towards Russian tends to be found in Estonia and Latvia, while Lithuania seems to have the least anti-Russian language sentiment. In the cities, especially Riga, many people may be native speakers of Russian, but in rural areas Russian will be spoken much less. Ethnic-Russians still live in all three Baltic Republics brought there mainly under the Soviet regime. Obviously, they are native speakers.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.494278907775879, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "Riga Airport (RIX) is by a large margin the busiest hub in the Baltic countries, and is also the main hub for AirBaltic [1] which connects to around 60 other European cities. The airport also serves a single intercontinental route to New York (JFK) with Uzbekistan Airways [2] . Tallinn Airport (TLL) is hub for Estonian Air [3] ] as well as a secondary hub for Air Baltic along with Vilnius Airport (VNO). Czech Airlines, Finnair, LOT Polish Airlines, Lufthansa and Norwegian flies to all 3 airports.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.86795425415039, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic states travel guide - Wikitravel" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "The brief German occupation and decades-long Soviet conquest of the Baltic were instrumental in constructing national identity. The foreign invaders became “the other”, the body from which Baltic leaders consciously strove to separate themselves. This initially led to a culture of rebellion and dissent. Beginning with the German invasion of 1941, dissent movements cropped up in all three Baltic States. These movements were largely lead by", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.392548561096191, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic States | Russia's Periphery" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "the intelligentsia, with the exception of the instrumental role performed by Catholic priests in Lithuania (Lieven, 86-87). The dissent movement gained momentum in 1944, when the Soviet forces began reestablishing control in the Baltics. Estonia, for instance, assembled a force of 38,000 volunteer fighters to push back the Red Army (Lieven, 87). Dissent expanded in other ways; in Lithuania, the Forest Brothers transformed themselves into a highly organized movement, complete with their own newspapers and training programs for new recruits (Lieven, 87-88). While the revolt reached peak violence in the early 1940s – with grave atrocities committed on both sides – resistance continued throughout the entire Soviet period. This was largely characterized by “spontaneous outbreaks of public anger,” protests such as the 1972 youth riots in Lithuania where thousands rioted and about half the participants were arrested by the Soviet government (Lieven, 104). The three republics, sometimes independently and sometimes united, never relinquished the spirit of dissent.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.35833215713501, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic States | Russia's Periphery" }, { "answer": "Three", "passage": "The new Baltic leadership embraced Johann Gottfried Herder’s concept of the necessity to tap into an “incommunicable national spirit and culture” in order for a nation to survive (Lieven, 113). In Latvia and Estonia, this meant the revival of secular traditions; in Lithuania, it necessitated an increased emphasis on the church. All three nations embraced folksong and dance festivals , a ritual that emphasizes traditional, even pagan-inspired dress and music, and attracted Baltic citizens from all walks of life. (Lieven, 112). Neo-pagan influence also seeped into Baltic politics, as leaders often used antiquated rhetoric to paint the Balts as peaceful and egalitarian people (Lieven, 116). The Baltic cultural revival can also be seen in the renewed emphasis on the Epic. These ancient tales were often reworked by the intelligentsia; by writing in actual historical figures and reshaping dialogue to favor democracy, the intelligentsia aimed to connect a Baltic “spirit” of the past with Baltic progress of the present. These epics were meant to give the Baltic people a “sense of history”, a history of an all-encompassing Baltic spirit that was uninhibited and unchanged by the Soviet period.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.466963291168213, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic States | Russia's Periphery" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "The Baltic Germans were first seen during the crusades of the medieval period. As their efforts to convert the local populations predominately failed, they transitioned into what they saw as a civilizing role within the Baltic States. This was especially true under the Russian Empire during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries where, “the Baltic Germans did indeed play a ‘civilizing’ role, above all in the fields of state administration and law” (Lieven, 134). The Germans’ view that they were a civilizing force contributed to their surprise at the emergence of Baltic national movements. They viewed the Balts simply as peasants who spoke different peasant dialects, much akin to the Bavarian peasants, and not as separate nationalities. To the Germans it seemed that these nationalities were rising out of the same structures and groups they had helped to develop. This raises some questions about the nature of Baltic nationalities and the argument that they are constructed rather than primordial. Today however, the Baltic Germans are an almost non-existent group, residing mostly abroad and disappearing quickly.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.7391839027404785, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic States | Russia's Periphery" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "If the principal aim of the Baltic political parties was to secure the future of Baltic cultures, the means chosen to accomplish this was a return to the political past of the first period of independence (1918-1940). Baltic policymakers looked to the precedents set by the authoritarian nationalist First Republics in selecting the course for the Second Republics of the 1990s. The resultant feedback loop, where the preservation of the nation necessitates the construction of the ethnically and linguistically homogenous state, and the only extant model for the state is the nationalist and anti-democratic position of the 1920s and 1930s, makes the position of the Baltic Russians precarious and complicates the Balts’ engagement with the role of non-Baltic peoples in the histories of their own cultures. In the case of the Baltic Germans and the Jews, both virtually extinct, the problem is easier to ignore, but for Poles and Russians, it has immediate political implications.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.2220382690429688, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic States | Russia's Periphery" }, { "answer": "3", "passage": "Anatol Lieven, The Baltic Revolution: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and the Path to Independence (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1993.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.709680557250977, "source": "search", "title": "Baltic States | Russia's Periphery" } ]

[ { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "The Cresta Run is a natural ice skeleton racing toboggan track in eastern Switzerland. Located in the winter sports town of St. Moritz, the run is one of the few in the world dedicated entirely to skeleton. It was built in 1884 near the hamlet of Cresta in the municipality of Celerina/Schlarigna by Major Bulpett, eventual founder of the St. Moritz Tobogganing Club (SMTC), George Robertson & Charles Digby Jones (Robertson and Digby Jones planned the proposed course), C Metcalfe and J Biddulph (the 5 making up the Kulm Hotel's Outdoor Amusement Committee) and the people of St. Moritz. It has continued as a partnership to this day between the SMTC, founded in 1887, and the people of St. Moritz.", "precise_score": 3.060483694076538, "rough_score": -1.388746738433838, "source": "wiki", "title": "Cresta Run" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "The sport of intramural sled racing originated around the nascent winter resort activities at the Kulm hotel in St. Moritz during the winters of the early 1870s, and today's members still congregate for lunch in the 'Sunny Bar' at the Kulm. In the early days of competitive sledding, the predominant style was luge-style racing lying on one's back, but the invention of the flexible runner sled (Flexible flyer) in 1887, known colloquially as 'the America', led to Mr. Cornish using the head-first style in the 1887 Grand National. He finished fourteenth due to some erratic rides but established a trend and by the 1890 Grand National all competitors were riding head-first. The head-first style for a time became known as 'Cresta' racing.", "precise_score": -2.7445383071899414, "rough_score": -7.715065002441406, "source": "wiki", "title": "Cresta Run" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "The Cresta Run and the SMTC were founded by devotees of sledding (tobogganing in British parlance) who adopted a head-first (prone) technique of racing down an icy run, as opposed to the feet-first (supine) and somewhat faster luge race. Both evolving sports were natural extensions of the invention of steerable sleds during the early 1870s by British guests of the Kulm hotel in St. Moritz. These initial crude sleds were developed almost accidentally—as bored well-to-do gentlemen naturally took to intramural competition in the streets and byways of twisty mountainous downtown St. Moritz hazarding each other and pedestrians alike. This gave impetus to a desire to steer the sleds, and soon runners and a clumsy mechanism evolved to allow just that along the longer curving streets of the 1870s. This also allowed higher speeds on the longer runs. Local sentiments varied, but eventually complaints grew vociferous and Kulm hotel owner Caspar Badrutt built the first natural ice run for his guests, as he had worked hard to popularize wintering in the mountain resort, and did not want to lose any customers to ennui, nor his workforce to injury from errant sleds on the streets.", "precise_score": -2.6271698474884033, "rough_score": -8.284274101257324, "source": "wiki", "title": "Cresta Run" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "The modern Cresta track is not shared with bobsled, unlike the first half-pipe sledding track built by hotelman Caspar Badrutt for his guests. Most of it is located within the contour of a steep ravine and it is created anew each winter using the rocky ravine and banks of earth as a buttressing bulwark for iced packed snow. It is owned and operated by an all-male club created in 1885 by British military officers with the official name of the St. Moritz Tobogganing Club (SMTC), but is generally, and more often, referred to as 'The Cresta Run'. The exclusion of women from the course, which is still enforced, dates from the late 1920s and was instituted because of injuries to female racers and the belief, although never proven, that excessive sledding caused breast cancer. It took official effect in 1929, though women had been banned from competitive events several years earlier.", "precise_score": -0.11129752546548843, "rough_score": -6.504125595092773, "source": "wiki", "title": "Cresta Run" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "In addition to the United States, nations hosting multiple Winter Games are France with three, while Switzerland, Austria, Norway, Japan, Canada and Italy have hosted twice. Among host cities, Lake Placid, Innsbruck and St. Moritz have played host to the Winter Olympic Games more than once, each holding that honor twice. The most recent Winter Games were held in Sochi in 2014, Russia's first Winter Olympics and second Olympics overall.", "precise_score": 2.304788589477539, "rough_score": -3.5719504356384277, "source": "wiki", "title": "Olympic Games" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Aside from the Rondo Convention & Event Center, the St. Moritz area is home to a number of unique venues and group gathering spaces–making it no surprise that St. Moritz and Pontresina are two of the most appealing conference destinations in the Alps. Groups can gather at the upscale Casino St. Moritz, which features roulette, blackjack, poker, and slots, all housed in the glamorous Grand Hotel des Bains. Groups can tour the surrounding unspoiled countryside aboard the Bernina Express, the highest mountain railway in the Alps, which connects Northern and Southern Europe, passing glaciers on its descent to Italy. The high-rope challenge course at the Pontresina Rope Park presents a fantastic team-building adventure throughout its series of platforms, rope bridges, zip wires, beams, and obstacles, all set in the forest. Groups can also explore hiking, biking, and walking trails, as well as enjoy hands-on natural displays at Zernez National Park, the largest nature preserve in Switzerland. Perfectly suited for more relaxing group activities, the Medical Therapy Centre & Spa utilizes St. Moritz’s famous carbonated mineral waters in its host of wellness treatments.", "precise_score": -9.35964298248291, "rough_score": -9.527170181274414, "source": "search", "title": "Guide to Meeting & Event Planning in St. Moritz, Switzerland" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Beloved for its pioneering spirit, commitment to clean energy and sustainability, awe-inspiring scenery, and year-round recreation, St. Moritz has hosted two Winter Olympics, is known as the birthplace of winter tourism in the Alps, and boasts mineral springs that have been sought out for thousands of years. St. Moritz’s unspoiled alpine setting, home to glaciers, wild mountain streams, and stone pine forests, serves as the perfect backdrop for skiing, hiking, tobogganing, hiking, mountain biking, and more.", "precise_score": 0.27276864647865295, "rough_score": -4.242578983306885, "source": "search", "title": "Guide to Meeting & Event Planning in St. Moritz, Switzerland" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Much of St. Moritz’'s history is tied to its tourism development. The city’s summertime tourism was already flourishing in 1864 when Johannes Badrutt wagered with British guests that they would be able to enjoy sunshine on his terrace in their shirtsleeves in the winter. His guests agreed to the bet and returned to St. Moritz at Christmastime–and did not leave until Easter. With their stay, winter tourism in St. Moritz was born, as British guests flocked to the city and with them brought polo and cricket tournaments, as well as skeleton and bobsleigh races. St. Moritz became the birthplace of winter alpine tourism and winter sports in the 19th century and later hosted the 1928 and 1948 Winter Olympic games, as well as a number of ski and bobsleigh world championship events. The St. Moritz bob run is the only natural ice track in the world that still hosts World Cup races, while the famous Cresta Run was the birthplace of the sport of skeleton racing; visitors can reach speeds of 55 miles per hour, head first, just four inches above the ice, when experiencing the Cresta Run. Furthermore, St. Moritz’s very own Corviglia mountain boasts nearly 250 miles of single-track trails for mountain biking and hiking, as well as plenty of skiing and other winter sports areas.", "precise_score": -2.0554039478302, "rough_score": -1.3960040807724, "source": "search", "title": "Guide to Meeting & Event Planning in St. Moritz, Switzerland" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "St. Moritz Olympic Ice Rink", "precise_score": -3.538245439529419, "rough_score": -8.893668174743652, "source": "search", "title": "1948 Winter Olympics : Wikis (The Full Wiki)" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "The 1948 Winter Olympics , officially known as the V Olympic Winter Games, was a winter multi-sport event celebrated in 1948 in St. Moritz , Switzerland. The Games were the first to be celebrated after World War II, a twelve year hiatus. From the selection of a host city in a neutral country to the exclusion of Japan and Germany, the political atmosphere of the post-war world was inescapable during the Games. The organizing committee faced several challenges due to the lack of financial and human resources consumed by the war.", "precise_score": -0.8096018433570862, "rough_score": -3.9037065505981445, "source": "search", "title": "1948 Winter Olympics : Wikis (The Full Wiki)" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "There were 28 nations that marched in the opening ceremonies on January 30, 1948. Nearly 670 athletes competed in 22 events in four sports. The Games also featured two demonstration sports: military patrol , which later became the biathlon , and winter pentathlon , which was discontinued after these Games. Notable performances were turned in by figure skaters Dick Button and Barbara Ann Scott and skier Henri Oreiller . Most of the athletic venues were already in existence from the first time St. Moritz hosted the Winter Games in 1928 . All of the venues were outdoors, which meant the Games were heavily dependent on favorable weather conditions. Chile , Denmark , Iceland , Korea , and Lebanon all made their Winter Olympic debut at these Games. Three countries, Norway , Sweden , and Switzerland , tied for the most medals won with ten medals each.", "precise_score": 1.1186398267745972, "rough_score": 0.3591240644454956, "source": "search", "title": "1948 Winter Olympics : Wikis (The Full Wiki)" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "The IOC selected St. Moritz to host the 1948 Games at their general session in September 1946. St. Moritz was selected because it was located in Switzerland, which had remained neutral during the war, and also because it had already hosted a Winter Games in 1928 . This made the organization of the Games simpler and more economical. Despite the existence of many of the venues, it was still a difficult task to organize a Winter Olympic Games in less than 18 months. [1]", "precise_score": -0.7599404454231262, "rough_score": -2.992621898651123, "source": "search", "title": "1948 Winter Olympics : Wikis (The Full Wiki)" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Since these Games were the first since World War II they were given the name \"The Games of Renewal.\" [8] Japan and Germany were not invited to these Games because they were still ostracized by the international community for their role in World War II. [9] Their absence was short-lived though, as they returned to Olympic competition in 1952 . [10] The Soviet Union did not send athletes to the St. Moritz Games of 1948, but they did send ten delegates as observers of the Games to determine how successful the Soviet athletes would have been had they competed. [10] [11]", "precise_score": -9.448829650878906, "rough_score": -10.249874114990234, "source": "search", "title": "1948 Winter Olympics : Wikis (The Full Wiki)" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Sapporo , Japan had been the choice for the 1940 Winter Games . [12] In 1938 the Japanese decided to decline the invitation to host the Games claiming that preparations for the Olympic Games were draining the country's resources. [12] The IOC turned to the host of the 1936 Games , Garmisch-Partenkirchen , which would make it the only city to host consecutive Games. [12] This became impractical when Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939; subsequently Germany withdrew its bid to host the Games. Finland believed it could host the Games and extended an invitation to the IOC, but the Soviet Union's invasion of Finland ended all hope of an Olympic Games in 1940. [12] The 1944 Winter Olympics had been awarded to Cortina d'Ampezzo , Italy in 1939. As the war continued, this proved to be impractical and the second consecutive olympiad passed without a celebration of the Games. The IOC was presented with two possible host cities for the first post-war Games: Lake Placid , United States and St. Moritz , Switzerland. The IOC decided to award the Games to Switzerland, a neutral country, immediately following World War II, in order to avoid political posturing on the part of former combatants. [10]", "precise_score": -2.7436447143554688, "rough_score": -5.755415439605713, "source": "search", "title": "1948 Winter Olympics : Wikis (The Full Wiki)" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Alpine skiing made its Olympic debut at these Games. [8] A few events had been held at the 1936 Games but the St. Moritz Games featured a full slate of three men's and three women's alpine events. [8] Frenchman Henri Oreiller won a medal in all three Alpine events; gold in the downhill and combined, and bronze in the slalom. [16] He was one of only two athletes to win two gold medals at the 1948 Games, [17] and he was also the only athlete to win three or more medals. [16]", "precise_score": -5.742917060852051, "rough_score": -7.276419162750244, "source": "search", "title": "1948 Winter Olympics : Wikis (The Full Wiki)" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Skeleton made its second appearance at the Olympics during these Games. It debuted at the 1928 Winter Olympics also held in St. Moritz. Skeleton was a form of luge, which had originally appeared in the St. Moritz region at the end of the 19th century. [8] American John Heaton won his second Olympic medal in the skeleton, he won his first 20 years earlier when he was 19 years old. [21] Italian slider Nino Bibbia won the gold medal. It was the first of 231 career wins on the Cresta Boblsed track. One of the curves at Cesana Pariol , where the bobsleigh , luge , and skeleton events took place at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin , was named after Bibbia. [22]", "precise_score": 0.029762085527181625, "rough_score": -2.7827720642089844, "source": "search", "title": "1948 Winter Olympics : Wikis (The Full Wiki)" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "See also: St. Moritz Olympic Ice Rink  and St. Moritz-Celerina Olympic Bobrun", "precise_score": -4.371917247772217, "rough_score": -9.8086576461792, "source": "search", "title": "1948 Winter Olympics : Wikis (The Full Wiki)" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "The Stad Olympique (Olympic Stadium) hosted the opening and closing ceremonies. The stadium was also used for speed skating, the figure skating competition and the medal games for ice hockey. [32] Most of the ice hockey games were held at the Suvretta and Kulm stadiums in St. Moritz. [32] Bobsled was held at the St. Mortiz-Celerina Olympic Bob Run. Skeleton was contested on the Cresta Run track. Olympia Bob Run was built in 1897 and modernized for the 1948 Games while the Cresta Run was first constructed in 1885. [33] The ski jump competitions were held at Olympiaschanze ski jump hill in St. Moritz. It was built in 1927 for the 1928 Games, and remained in use until 2006. [34] The alpine events were held on runs in and around Piz Nair . [35]", "precise_score": 3.882155418395996, "rough_score": 4.375171184539795, "source": "search", "title": "1948 Winter Olympics : Wikis (The Full Wiki)" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "28 nations competed in St. Moritz, the same number as the previous Winter Games in 1936. [36] Chile , Denmark , Iceland , Korea , and Lebanon all made their Winter Olympic debut at these Games. [10] Germany and Japan were not invited because of their involvement in World War II . Estonia and Latvia had been annexed by the Soviet Union in 1940 , and would not compete again as independent nations until 1992 . Argentina returned to the Winter Games after missing the 1932 and 1936 Games, and Australia and Luxembourg did not compete in 1948, even though they had participated in 1936.", "precise_score": -3.4255502223968506, "rough_score": -6.139261245727539, "source": "search", "title": "1948 Winter Olympics : Wikis (The Full Wiki)" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "In addition to the United States, nations hosting multiple Winter Games are France with three, while Switzerland, Austria, Norway, Japan, Canada and Italy have hosted twice. Among host cities, Lake Placid , Innsbruck and St. Moritz have played host to the Winter Olympic Games more than once, each holding that honor twice. The most recent Winter Games were held in Sochi in 2014, Russia 's first Winter Olympics and second Olympics overall.", "precise_score": 2.304788589477539, "rough_score": -3.5719504356384277, "source": "search", "title": "Olympic Games | Wiki | Everipedia, the encyclopedia of ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "the cradle of winter tourism - pioneering spirit since 1856 It all started with the famous bet in 1864, when Johannes Badrutt invited his previously unconvinced British guests to visit the Engadine during the winter to experience all its splendour - a tremendous success. 150 years of defining alpine winter tourism, breakthrough innovations like exhibiting Switzerland‘s first electric light, home of the legendary Cresta Run and host of the 1928 and 1948 Winter Olympic Games - our heritage. This winter, join us in celebrating 150 years of a unique experience of luxury, culture and lifestyle, skilfully reinforced by outstanding service excellence. Where tradition meets innovation - Kulm Hotel St. Moritz - a stay to remember.", "precise_score": 3.9237279891967773, "rough_score": -0.019666992127895355, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "... due to their encounter with the visionary and equally persuasive hotelier Johannes Badrutt in 1864, the famous Kulm Hotel became the cradle of winter sports and tourism in the original arena of St. Moritz. This winter St. Moritz celebrates its 150th anniversary, and what better way to congratulate this splendid place than by shedding light on its various world-famous attributes. However, not only the sporting mind is stimulated here – in", "precise_score": -2.445993423461914, "rough_score": -8.270604133605957, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "A picture book drawing could not have better illustrated the truly paradisiacal setting of St. Moritz. At 1,856 meters above sea level, surrounded by snow covered mountain peaks, in the picturesque lake scenery of the Engadin, St. Moritz is an alpine gem offering an eclectic mix of nature, culture, sports, calmness and adventure. Its savoir vivre atmosphere attracts vacationers from all over the world, making the town of 5,000 a cosmopolitan mountain metropolis. Famous for its mineral springs and the clear mountain air, St. Moritz has been frequented by visitors coming for health reasons since the 17th century. However, one event in 1864 is said to mark the inception of winter sports and tourism in the region. History tells us about Johannes Badrutt, a visionary hotelier, who opened the first hotel, the Kulm, in St. Moritz in 1856. On a sunny September afternoon, some eight years later, Badrutt proposed a bet to his predominately British guests. Recognizing the potential of the area, he promised them that they could enjoy his terrace in short-sleeves even in winter. The guests were quite skeptical, since winters in England were rather wet and cold, a far cry from dry and sunny. Badrutt suggested to pay for their whole journey if he was mistaken. The Brits stayed from Christmas until Easter, Badrutt won his bet, and winter sports was born in St. Moritz. To this day the Kulm sets the standard for innovative hospitality, by forging a bridge between modernity and tradition and paying great attention to quality and style. Why settle for less than great? Innovative locals like Badrutt and inventive guests have ever since been responsible for technical novelties in a Swiss municipality. The first electric light was lit in the dinning room of the Kulm Hotel in summer 1879. In 1910, the first engine powered plane took off on Swiss ground in St. Moritz. Catering to the comfort of the rising number of winter sport vacationers, the first ski lift was built in 1935. With so many ‘firsts’ to its credit, it is not surprising that St. Moritz, which became a synonym of quality, class and style, registered its sun logo with the signet “St. Moritz – Top of the World” as an international trademark.", "precise_score": -7.118457794189453, "rough_score": -9.463085174560547, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "The first rider to adopt the now traditional head-first position on a toboggan was a Mr. Cornish, in 1887. Today the Cresta Run ice rink is managed by a British private club and is carved out each year from scratch. Lying on their stomach, on a heavy steel skeleton, the drivers navigate through the 1,214 meter long icy track, from St. Moritz down a steep gully and around 10 corners to Celerina. With a total drop of 156 meters, an average speed of 85 km/h and their noses just 15 cm from the ice, the Cresta Run is a fascinating yet dangerous sporting adventure. This is why the exclusive boys club banned women from competing in 1929, under the pretext that it could cause breast cancer. Nevertheless, Cresta became an Olympic discipline named Skeleton.", "precise_score": 0.33610543608665466, "rough_score": -5.3513994216918945, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "and 1948 were held here, as well as the Alpine Ski World Championship in 1934, 1974 and 2003 – and St. Moritz even won its bid to host it again in 2017.", "precise_score": -4.002228260040283, "rough_score": -10.498693466186523, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Apart from skiing and tobogganing, St. Moritz also became the alpine centre of equestrian sport.", "precise_score": -6.630270957946777, "rough_score": -10.432990074157715, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "of the St. Moritz Polo Club, the icy horseback sport", "precise_score": -6.636824607849121, "rough_score": -10.365457534790039, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "atmosphere when St. Moritz hosted the Winter Olympic Games", "precise_score": 0.03635912761092186, "rough_score": -2.5026469230651855, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Kempinski Grand Hotel des Bains ***** Situated in the neighboring St. Moritz Bad, this hotel offers its guest an impeccable spa and fitness center as well as various outdoor sports packages tailor-made for your personal needs. Do not forget to try chef Axel Rüdlin’s version of the classic ‘Swiss Rösti’. A must! Open winter & summer.", "precise_score": -8.976680755615234, "rough_score": -10.38544750213623, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Three different cultural regions converge in St. Moritz thanks to the Romansch language, the proximity to Italy and the fact that the majority of the local population are German speaking. The resort owes its original fame to its therapeutic springs, which have been known for over 3,000 years. As well as its superb location above and on the lake shore, St. Moritz offers an attractive mixture of nature, culture, sport, activity and tranquility. St. Moritz was the birthplace of Alpine winter tourism (1864) and sport (1884), the venue for two Winter Olympic Games (1928 and 1948) as well as for numerous skiing and bob World Championships. The summer season is perhaps a little less glamorous but actually attracts more international visitors than winter. St. Moritz offers an all-year-round guarantee of exceptional leisure and sporting attractions, cultural highlights, chic shopping and world-class events. It also has top-class hotels and excellent restaurants.", "precise_score": -2.3608288764953613, "rough_score": -6.805060863494873, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "The St. Moritz sun shines more intensely, the “champagne climate” is dryer and snow is more certain than anywhere else. These elements, combined with the Upper Engadin lake landscape and valley culture create an array of attractions that is unique in terms of quality and diversity. In winter; downhill and Nordic skiing, Cresta Run, bob run, horse racing on the frozen lake, polo, cricket, golf and curling tournaments, Olympic ski jump ramp, gourmet and music festivals. In summer; mountain biking, inline skating, hiking, windsurfing, ice skating, golf, tennis, sailing, opera, art and culture and the Swiss National Park – all within a radius of a few minutes. The name “St. Moritz” is now so much in demand that it has been registered as an internationally protected trademark. As an international symbol of quality, the name “St. Moritz” epitomizes style, elegance and class.", "precise_score": -2.6590805053710938, "rough_score": -7.798115253448486, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "unique winter sports like Polo World Cup on Snow, White Turf St. Moritz, Engadin Snow", "precise_score": -2.606022834777832, "rough_score": -8.027661323547363, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Expect a very cold and busy winter season. It is the Swiss Alps and a ski resort, after all. The winter begins in late October and the average temperature ranges between 38 º F and slightly below zero. Ski gear or high fashion that looks like ski gear is the local trend. The spring redeems the cold winter. The cool wind currents preserve the fragrant mountain air between April and June. The daytime temperatures hover around 50 ª F. Be prepared for the possibility of snow in late March and early April. The summer is equally fair weather and the second busiest season outside of winter. Historically, this was the first season that attracted tourists to St. Moritz. Water sports and mountain climbing replace the use of ski lifts. The air temperature rarely exceeds 70 º . The resorts are dormant between the middle of October-December and April-June. The majority of hotels are closed and the lack of cable car service limits accessibility to tourist destinations. Since spring and fall are off seasons, they offer significant savings. Make early calendar reservations for September or late June resort reopening dates.", "precise_score": -10.584029197692871, "rough_score": -10.280604362487793, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "23.2.2014 Whit Turf St. Moritz – international horse races on snow since 1907 -- The European Snow Meeting: horse races on the frozen lake with the world exclusive sport of skikjöring, skiers behind thoroughbred horses", "precise_score": -6.263497352600098, "rough_score": -9.984482765197754, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "16.2.2014 Cricket on ice -- Since 1988, St. Moritz has hosted what is arguably the most unusual game of cricket in the world. The style of game played at Cricket on Ice on the frozen Lake St. Moritz demands a considerable amount of skill and agility from the players.", "precise_score": -7.3897809982299805, "rough_score": -10.4926118850708, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "early 150 years ago, Johannes Badrutt launched winter tourism in Switzerland with his legendary wager: St. Moritz – the original. Ever since, St. Moritz has been characterized by a spirit of innovation, which guests can encounter throughout the valley. A good place to begin a tour is in St. Moritz Bad, where the thermal springs have been used as a source of invigorating energy for 3,000 years; continue past the Olympic Stone, which commemorates the first Olympic Games held in Switzerland (1928), and past the frozen lake, where the first horse races on snow were held in 1906. Take a deep breath before heading up to the Kulm Hotel, where Switzerland’s first electric light shone in 1878, and on to the Cresta Run, a natural-ice skeleton toboggan run, which brave riders first hurtled down in 1884. Nearby, the first bob run winds a spectacular course towards Celerina, as it has since 1890. And so the stories continue, whichever way you go: here, you will find history at every turn.", "precise_score": 0.5300032496452332, "rough_score": -5.423624515533447, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Sports: its altitude and weather conditions make St Moritz ideal for athletes and it is in fact the official training centre for Swiss Olympic teams. One of the most impressive sport facilities in town is the Cresta Run, a natural ice skeleton racing toboggan track – and the first one built in the world – where only the bravest dare to race. The course is managed by the male-only St. Moritz Tobogganing Club but beginners can book a session and give the track a go. The Olympia BobRun (Plazza Gunter Sachs, Postfach 283, 7500 St Moritz) is an equal adrenaline rush and an exhilarating experience. You can ride a taxi bob accompanied by a pilot and brakeman and descend the course before taking a diploma back home with you! Polo and ski jeering competitions are very popular during the winter and take place on St Moritz lake. Curling can be played outdoors at the St Moritz Curling Centre Al Parc (Eisplatz Chesa al Parc, 7500 St Moritz). Ice skating and ice hockey are very popular and both can be practiced and enjoyed at the fabulous Eisarena Ludains (Via Ludains 5, 7500 St Moritz) Ice climbing sessions can be organized through Bergbahnen ENGADIN St. Moritz AG. Those wishing to play tennis and squash can do so in the impressive indoor facilities located at the Tennis & Squash Center (Via Mezdi 31, 7500 St Moritz).", "precise_score": 0.2957046329975128, "rough_score": -1.1912750005722046, "source": "search", "title": "Best ski resorts in the Alps for winter holidays" }, { "answer": "St Moritz", "passage": "Touristic attractions: the two main landmarks in Davos are the 13th century parish Church of St John the Baptist (Rathausstutz 2, 7270 Davos-Platz ) and the 14th century Church of St. Theodul (Promenade 107, 7260 Davos-Dorf) with an impressive fresco. The Parsenn cable railway is another popular attraction for non-skiers wishing to enjoy the snowed peaks and the alpine views from the top of Weissfluhjoch. Some popular destinations for day trips are Chur, Zurich, St Gallen, Lucerne. Lugano and St Moritz in Switzerland. It is also possible to visit Milan in Italy and Innsbruck in Austria although for these latter ones we recommend hiring a car.", "precise_score": -10.336384773254395, "rough_score": -9.888154983520508, "source": "search", "title": "Best ski resorts in the Alps for winter holidays" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Guide to Meeting & Event Planning in St. Moritz, Switzerland", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.910276412963867, "source": "search", "title": "Guide to Meeting & Event Planning in St. Moritz, Switzerland" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "St. Moritz, Switzerland Meeting Planning Overview", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.239469528198242, "source": "search", "title": "Guide to Meeting & Event Planning in St. Moritz, Switzerland" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Welcome to Cvent's MICE Guide to St. Moritz, a guide for MICE professionals. A luxurious, upscale mountain resort set in the high-lying valley of the Engadin, St. Moritz is known for its style, cosmopolitan flair, and picture-book surroundings. Boasting the perfect location for meetings, conferences, and events set amid unspoiled nature, St. Moritz is surrounded by spectacular landscapes and a seemingly endless lake plateau, and offers a host of team-building and recreational activities, ranging from mineral spring spa visits to bobsledding. Beyond its fantastic year-round recreation, St. Moritz offers cultural highlights, upscale shopping, exclusive hotels, fine dining, and a number of galleries and museums in its village center and along Lake St. Moritz.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.9960298538208, "source": "search", "title": "Guide to Meeting & Event Planning in St. Moritz, Switzerland" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Situated 125 miles from Zurich, the Alps destination of St. Moritz is served by Zurich Airport and Samedan Regional Airport. Switzerland’s largest and busiest airport for international flight connections, Zurich Airport serves about 24 million passengers each year, while Samedan Regional Airport, located just three miles from St. Moritz, provides regular air and helicopter service for the Engadin region and connections to Zurich, Geneva, Basel, Milan, and Munich. Delegates can hop aboard the Rhaetian Railway (RhB), the largest train operator in the Swiss Alps, at Chur for a journey to Tienfencastel to the Engadin, or travel from Zurich to St. Moritz in about three and a half hours. Delegates may use the Graubunden Congress Ticket to travel individually by train to St. Moritz; the ticket covers return travel from any station in Switzerland, and costs CHF 69 per person for second-class travel or CHF 107 for first-class travel. Furthermore, the Engadin Bus links the villages and ski areas from Pontresina along the lakes of the Upper Engadin across to Maloja and the Bernina Pass, with several routes serving St. Moritz.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.365694046020508, "source": "search", "title": "Guide to Meeting & Event Planning in St. Moritz, Switzerland" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "About St. Moritz, Switzerland / Additional Info", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.176913261413574, "source": "search", "title": "Guide to Meeting & Event Planning in St. Moritz, Switzerland" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Many of St. Moritz’s highlight activities celebrate the destination’s natural beauty and affinity for outdoor recreation. The Corviglia Flowtrail mountain biking path, suitable for families to advanced bikers, features panoramic views, while the La Punt – Madulain Forest Trail takes guests along forest paths, beaten tracks, and meadows while identifying 34 species of plants, trees, and shrubs along the way. The Muottas Muragl Climate Trail features a hiking trail of medium difficulty, as well as stunning views of the Bernina massif, information panels about local climate and eateries along the way, while the guide-only Diavolezz-Morteratsch glacier hike allows hikers to learn about the formation of moraines, columns, and boulders up close and personal. For a thrill of another kind, St. Moritz’s glamorous Via Serlas is home to a number of luxury shops and eateries. Visitors also frequent the city’s large number of cultural walks, galleries, and museums, which are situated throughout the village and along Lake St. Moritz.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.739253997802734, "source": "search", "title": "Guide to Meeting & Event Planning in St. Moritz, Switzerland" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "St. Moritz is also home to a strong culinary scene serving local, traditional favorites to modern interpretations. La Marmite on Corviglia specializes in gourmet treats, including truffle and caviar selections, while the sleek El Paradiso serves Engadine cuisine with Italian, French, and global influences. The beloved La Baracca serves family-style fare in a nondescript setting, while both Dorta and Talvo by Dalsass combine tradition and modernity in their old farmhouse settings; at Dorta, guests dine on traditional local cuisine in converted stables, while Talvo by Dalsass serves Mediterranean cuisine and specialty olive oils in one of the oldest farmhouses in the region.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.996299743652344, "source": "search", "title": "Guide to Meeting & Event Planning in St. Moritz, Switzerland" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "St. Moritz, Switzerland Key Stats for Meeting Planners", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.257898330688477, "source": "search", "title": "Guide to Meeting & Event Planning in St. Moritz, Switzerland" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Cities Near St. Moritz, Switzerland", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.328178405761719, "source": "search", "title": "Guide to Meeting & Event Planning in St. Moritz, Switzerland" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Over 2,200 people were needed to provide all the services for the press, officials and athletes at the Games. These services included sanitation, security, and care of the venues. [7] Accommodating the influx of people into St. Moritz was a difficult task for the organizing committee. It was complicated by the mountainous region in which the community was situated. A massive project to improve the village's transportation infrastructure had to be completed prior to the Games. This included building and widening roads for vehicular traffic. Several train stations were built to accommodate the increased demands for public transit. They had to also had to increase the capacity of the city's sewers. All of the projects had to be approved by the Swiss government, and justified by its impact on the success of the Games. [7] To aid the organizing committee the IOC demanded that all participating nations provide lists of their athletes several months prior to the Games. Consequently the Swiss knew exactly how many athletes and officials to plan for. [7]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.765482902526855, "source": "search", "title": "1948 Winter Olympics : Wikis (The Full Wiki)" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "In Nordic skiing Martin Lundström of Sweden was the other athlete to win two gold medals when he won the 18  kilometer race and participated on the winning cross-country relay team. Overall Sweden won seven out of a possible fifteen medals in the Nordic events, including a sweep of the 18 kilometer race. The Norwegians swept the ski jumping event. 36-year-old Birger Ruud came to St. Moritz as a ski jumping coach but when he arrived at the Games he decided to compete and won a silver medal. [18] All fifteen medals were won by either Sweden, Norway, or Finland . [16]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.91550064086914, "source": "search", "title": "1948 Winter Olympics : Wikis (The Full Wiki)" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Barbara Ann Scott became the first and only Canadian woman to win an Olympic gold medal in figure skating, when she won the competition at St. Moritz. Despite a low-flying airplane during her compulsory routine she was able to muster the focus to place first entering the free skate. The ice had been shredded the night before the free skate by two ice hockey games (the ice resurfacer had not yet been invented); nonetheless she was able to adjust her routine to avoid the potholes and emerge victorious. [23]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.628325462341309, "source": "search", "title": "1948 Winter Olympics : Wikis (The Full Wiki)" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "St. Moritz Tobogganing Club", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.158580780029297, "source": "search", "title": "UNUSUAL SPORTS" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "A private club founded in 1887 by Major Bulpetts of St. Moritz. Membership is selected from applicants on their “Supplementary List”. St. Moritz is the birthplace of the sport", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.919173240661621, "source": "search", "title": "UNUSUAL SPORTS" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Rolf Sachs • St. Moritz 150 years • Illuminating Arts Arne Quinze • Sir Paul Smith • Louis Vuitton Foundation Not Vital • Paris • Sir Norman Foster • Philipp Keel", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.223727226257324, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "It is with great pleasure that my partner Jay C Foster and I present this issue of Artology, as it combines themes and subjects dear to our hearts. St. Moritz is a place we’ve both known since childhood: Jay went to school there for longer than he cares to mention; I learned how to stay on skis after 4 Pisco-Sours and lunch. But that was many, many moons ago. left: Mark Robinow Publisher / Editor in chief right: Jay C Foster Partner", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.374357223510742, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Today St. Moritz and its sibling villages have become somewhat of an art enclave for galleries from all over the world, including New York. The St. Moritz Art Masters in August, a yearly festival of exhibitions, talks and events, have made it even more known in the art world. And this beautiful place in the Swiss alps is also so much more than just a mile-high art scene, as our feature article elaborates. Light in every sense of the word is almost a piece of art in itself, and therefore we have “high-lighted” this subject in our art-related feature article. Light in all its history and meaning in the arts from painting to photography, as well as a peek at the extravagant new museum palaces and gourmet temples our beloved Paris – the city of lights – has to offer. This and a few lists of what you need for Xmas, or your next holiday, or city trip, has been compiled for you in an eclectic selection of grand suggestions. We hope you like our Xmas issue as much as we do - and if not, please don’t tell anybody. Thank you! Mark Robinow & Jay C Foster", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.159592628479004, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "The St. Moritz Art Masters 2014", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.285758018493652, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "We meet the artist at the St. Moritz Art Masters", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.350028038024902, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "St. Moritz City Guide Walter Kirchner", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.35110092163086, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "unparalleled lifestyle - your exclusive 5-star residence Additionally to its high-class public premises and hotel rooms the Kulm Hotel offers a selection of stunning luxury residences that provide the highest comfort and lifestyle all year round in a truly singular setting. Relax within your own private domain, enjoy a priviledged panoramic view and benefit from the 5-star hotel facilities and exclusive service. As tenants you have direct and complete access to the hotel, its restaurants, the Kulm Spa St. Moritz, the hotel‘s 9-hole golf course and exclusive tennis courts. We are looking forward to providing you with additional, tailored information of our luxury apartments. Welcome to your new home - Kulm Residences St. Moritz.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.195326805114746, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Kulm Hotel · 7500 St. Moritz", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.114374160766602, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Kulm Hotel · 7500 St. Moritz", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.114374160766602, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "recent years St. Moritz has become an enclave for serious art", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.389126777648926, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "rich and famous. St. Moritz is indeed a junction of cultural events", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.300886154174805, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Certainly, St. Moritz is best known for its sporting activities. The combination of the Engadin lake country, the dry ‘champagne’", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.169330596923828, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "in the summer – St. Moritz has everything an active person´s heart", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.245941162109375, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "SET ON A BET The History of St. Moritz", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.318326950073242, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "NEVER STANDING STILL St. Moritz has established many new cultural initiatives within the last 10 years. Such as Thomas Kriemler‘s ‘La Tavolata‘, initiated in 2011. A 400 meter long table, made of local woods, is placed in a pedestrian street in downtown St. Moritz for one day each summer, assembling generations and creating a platform for free communication and new ideas. Somewhat closer to the sky, the El Paradiso lets ordinary people and glamorous stars enjoy heavenly delicacies on a sunlit terrace at an altitude of 2,181 meters.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.826643943786621, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Dracula Club, St. Moritz‘s No.1 night club, became", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.227917671203613, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "One of the many musical highlights of St. Moritz – the stage accompanying ‘La Tavolata‘, the 400 meter long table meandering through town.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.842890739440918, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "The Carlton Hotel, St. Moritz", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.637175559997559, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "St. Moritz certainly offers a lot of savoring moments â&#x20AC;&#x201C; espe-", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.384140014648438, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Unquestionably, St. Moritz and the Engadin country-", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.969367980957031, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Traditional and modern in the heart of St. Moritz", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.243237495422363, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Hotel Schweizerhof | 7500 St. Moritz | Tel. +41 (0)81 837 07 07 | www.schweizerhofstmoritz.ch www.schweizerhofstmoritz.ch", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.361164093017578, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "St. Moritz the participation in many international", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.220130920410156, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Hotel overlooking the bobsleigh run St. Moritz-", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.51386833190918, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "ings and its magnificent landscape, St. Moritz has", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.912667274475098, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "was picked up again. Today the frozen St. Moritz lake", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.253433227539062, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "love St. Moritz!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.334589958190918, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "‘White Turf Race’ and the ‘Snow Polo World Cup St. Moritz’ – the worlds‘ most prestigious polo tourna-", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.207630157470703, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "White Turf on lake St. Moritz", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.336078643798828, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "All eyes on St. Moritz!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.291025161743164, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "international jet-set for decades: world-famous St. Moritz, the chic and", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.139327049255371, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Carsten Greve in St. Moritz (Paris, Cologne) and", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.11900806427002, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "were regular guests in St. Moritz, as were Charlie Chaplin, Thomas Mann,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.987824440002441, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "sculptural works to performance art and video installations. Of course the ‘St. Moritz Art Masters’ – a", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.452254295349121, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "properties in St. Moritz. But also celebrities like Eliette von Karajan, George", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.06750202178955, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "tial creatives. On the next pages, we’ll introduce two For many generations, the Engadine´s charm has attracted and inspired artists, filmmakers, writers and philosophers. What’s pretty new about the bespoke little mountain resort in the Swiss Alps is the constantly growing art scene, both national and international, settling in St. Moritz and the surrounding villages. The region boasts high-class exhibitions and subsidi-", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.237787246704102, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Via Traunter Plazzas 1 7500 St. Moritz - Switzerland Phone: +41 - 81 836 26 26 Fax: +41 - 81 836 26 27 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.crystalhotel.ch", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.316046714782715, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Rolf Sachs’ premises in St. Moritz. No, it’s not one of the usual", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.212870597839355, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Swiss chalets overlooking Lake St. Moritz, and it’s not a suite in", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.351236343383789, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "‘Stadion St. Moritz’ painted across the façade.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.371683120727539, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Now and then, the sun breaks through the clouds, turning Lake St. Moritz into a huge-sized emerald. Rolf Sachs’ house is not very", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.164438247680664, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "“It’s the light. The natural light in St. Moritz is of unbelievable clarity. The horizon seems to be cut off with a razor blade.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.340181350708008, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "In Motion exhibition by Rolf Sachs at Galerie Caratsch in St. Moritz", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.163948059082031, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "should have a beneficial effect on St. Moritz – now that the town", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.414751052856445, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "polo on ice, among others). In St. Moritz, people still have", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.945049285888672, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Rolf Sachs ‘In Motion‘ exhibition at Gallerie Andrea Caratsch, St. Moritz – from December 1st until April 7th 2015 www.galeriecaratsch.com", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.20858097076416, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "gone when people travelled from Scotland to St. Moritz in a 1929 Bentley.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.340864181518555, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "For the past 30 years, Not Vital has been recognised as one of the world’s leading contemporary sculptors. Vital was born in Sent, a small mountain village in the Engadin valley, less than an hour away from St. Moritz. A childhood spent building huts in the forests started a life-long interest in architecture (an important branch of his work), while the six months per year that were covered in snow have often been cited by the artist as the source of his largely monochrome palette. For example, he has produced a sculpture entitled Moon in white Carrara marble, and has sculpted the five mountains that he sees from his bedroom window in plaster. At the essence of Vital’s work is a boundless curiosity for farflung places; which can be observed in the extended periods of time spent in Beijing, Bhutan, India, Niger, Nepal and, most recently, in Brazil, Chile and Indonesia. In each of these places he has produced artworks, often collaborating with local craftsmen. The Chilean project consisted of buying an island in Patagonia that is naturally composed of white marble, and excavating a 50metre tunnel within. Being an Engadiner, Romansch (the ancient, but official, fourth language of Switzerland) is Vital ’s mother tongue. Language in general plays a prominent role in his work, as can be seen in the sculpture che fasch – a bronze branch has these letters affixed to its tips, spelling out the Romansch translation of ‘what are you doing’. Vital spends four months per year in the Engadin, using its unforgettable landscape and wildlife as a constant source of inspiration.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.194672584533691, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "St. Moritz. These sculptures express pared-down", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.250861167907715, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "One of the people on my to interview list for Artology’s special on St. Moritz was the charismatic Hans Wiedemann, Director and Co-Owner of Badrutt’s Palace Hotel, for generations not only one of the most famous hotels to this day, but also one of the finest. So when the time to interview him came, I was very much on my toes when the charming Mrs. Nücken, PR Director of the Palace Hotel, greeted me at the entrance and escorted me to a conference room prepared so that one would expect an intense half-day-long meeting of an international bank board or government committee. Knowing that Mr. Wiedemann´s time is scarce I immediately mentioned that I’d only ask a few questions about the hotel’s history, followed by an introduction to our publication and an overview of our magazine’s concept and ambitions. As it turned out, the two of us hit it off right away, and I am still a bit baffled at my good fortune of having walked into such a meeting and being able to spend the time I did with this living legend Hotelier. Hans Wiedemann and I exchanged stories, incidents, jokes and impressions of people we’ve both known through our partially related work, and complimented them for their skills and humor and what we particularly liked about each one of them. This went on for almost 2 hours straight. It was a treat, Sir, and will be forever fondly remembered. We did not really do an interview in the strict sense, but in this case I am very happy with the way it went. We spoke of many things, such as how", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.326019287109375, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "wife voiced - in 1989! - was to go to St. Moritz to see the famous", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.403512954711914, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "ing method of gaining energy from the St. Moritz lake, which is less", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.440389633178711, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "in St. Moritz. 15 years later he became the General Manager of", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.427864074707031, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "THE BIGGER PICTURE. St. Moritz Art Masters 2014", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.362104415893555, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Every August the international art scene is drawn to a rather small but famous town in the Swiss Alps. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s the time of the annual St. Moritz Art Masters, SAM for short â&#x20AC;&#x201C; a high-profile event bringing together artists, galleries and collectors for a fine tuned programme of art tours, exhibitions and discussions. Growing bigger and more exciting each year, this summer we decided to take a closer look!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.966273307800293, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "In 2014 the festival took place for the seventh time, sponsored by partners such as Cartier, Leica and Mercedes Benz. The latter even ran a prominent art lounge in the centre of St. Moritz for the duration of the festival and collaborated with the young Indian artist Amshu Chukki, who created an exclusive work in order to mark the 1 millionth fan of the brand’s Instagram page. Among the partnering hotels were, of course, all the big names, such as the iconic Badrutt’s Palace Hotel, the Kempinski Grand Hotel des Bains St. Moritz, the Nira Alpina, the Kulm Hotel St. Moritz and the stunning Hotel Suvretta House – most of which didn’t only host the protagonists and visitors, but also various exhibitions. Standing for a combination of strong local ties and international exchange, SAM was founded in 2008 by the photographer and ‘visionary guru’ Monty Shadow and artistic director Rainer Opoku, continuing the tradition of the Engadine being an inspirational place for generations of painters, authors and creatives of all genres. This year’s edition, under the organisational lead of Managing Director Eveline Fasser Testa, had a strong focus on India, displaying both established and young contemporary Indian artists like Jitish Kallat and Manish Nai, as well as works by Arne Quinze, Philipp Keel and Billy", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.669648170471191, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "St. Moritz and the surrounding villages, SAM has established an", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.27000904083252, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "St. Moritz, Samedan and Zuoz, selected galleries from the region", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.130475997924805, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Robilant+Voena in St. Moritz, where the double exhibition ‘East/", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.246444702148438, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "has opened at the 2014 St. Moritz Art Masters, in the imposing mountainous scenery of Switzerland’s Engadin. The exhibition", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.99399471282959, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "One of the artists presenting their work at the St. Moritz Art Masters was Brussels-born artist Arne Quinze, who has definitely acquired a big name - in particular for his incredible XXXL sculptures that he often deliberately places in city locations that are highly frequented by pedestrians. Arne likes to engage people and challenge them in conversations, to exchange thoughts, impressions and opinions. And so far so good – they´ve done even more than that. Mark Robinow with the artist / photography: fotoswiss – Giancarlo Cattaneo", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.294634819030762, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "about St. Moritz for you personally? He looks out of the largest window", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.45682144165039, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "annual St. Moritz Art Masters, and drew many spectators consisting of invited collectors, members of the", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.014507293701172, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "and international artists at their exclusive residence in St. Moritz. With a", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.915212631225586, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Yet again the ‘St. Moritz Sessions’ exhibit displayed an-", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.448281288146973, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "was the central theme of this recent ‘St. Moritz Sessions’ exhibit, which was", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.331143379211426, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "VISIT OUR POP-UP STORE 20.12.2014 - 3.01.2015 Kulm Hotel St. Moritz Via Veglia 18 7500 St. Moritz OPEN ALL DAY", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.239748001098633, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "ST.MORITZ GUIDE Artology’s suggestions of must see locations when in St. Moritz – for those of you who need to eat, drink, heal and sleep in the right places at the right time. Text: Mark Robinow", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.39651870727539, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St.Moritz", "passage": "Kulm Hotel ***** Celebrating its 150-year birthday the Kulm is definitely one of the main places for you to leave your hat when coming to St.Moritz, winter or summer. No wish is left unfulfilled in this incredible luxury hotel. The Jazz Bar is legendary and features state of the art photographs of international artists. Open in summer & winter.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.590206146240234, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Badrutt’s Palace Hotel ***** This landmark hotel has without a doubt always been a central point of the social life in St. Moritz. In the afternoon in its famous bar and the hotel lobby, until late at night when youngsters and older generations party together until the early morning in it’s legendary King’s Club Discotheque. Open in winter & summer.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.657828330993652, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Schweizer Hof ***** This family run hotel has always wholeheartedly supported the arts in various forms. Located smack in the heart of St. Moritz, it is famous for its beautiful dining room as well as for one of the best restaurants in town for authentic local food. Friendly and very down to earth perfect service makes this hotel a favorite for many. Open in winter & summer.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.84658432006836, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St.Moritz", "passage": "Hotel Il Giardino Mountain **** Situated just outside of St.Moritz in the village of Champfèr, think “extremely cozy design meets rustic chic” . This very laid back style hotel is a wonderful place to be pampered and spoiled at and offers one service that is surely unique in the world. It has its own private jet airline. Open in winter and summer.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.065744400024414, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Indochine This Asian-Fusion casual and lively lounge, bar and restaurant location in St. Moritz’s posthaus is a meeting place for the young and trendy clientele that feasts on the kitchens gourmet burgers and fine beef from the open grill.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.206660270690918, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "what moderate for St. Moritz. A must is the sweet & sour pork!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.487641334533691, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Signal parking St. Moritz Bad – phone: +41.79.4 20 45 24 Via San Gian – phone: +41.79.2 70 07 75", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.360424041748047, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "King’s Club In the cellar of Badrutt’s Palace Hotel – Considered to be the oldest night club in all of Switzerland and certainly an icon in the Winter nightlife of St. Moritz. Enjoy some pasta with truffles there at 3 or 4am in the morning when they taste the best.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.645017623901367, "source": "search", "title": "Artology ISSUE No. 4 by Corporate Creation - issuu" }, { "answer": "St Moritz", "passage": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian Film Industry - issuu", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.379680633544922, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "White Turf St. Moritz International Horse Races on Snow since 1907 WWW.LOCATIONSANDMORE.COM", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.89021110534668, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "When: Sun, 09.02.2014, Sun, 16.02.2014 , Sun, 23.02.2014 Where: St. Moritzersee, St.MoritzAmidst a magnificent alpine setting, guests and locals alike meet for the Engadin´s largest horse racing event on the frozen Lake St. Moritz. The annual White Turf event, a tradition dating back to 1907, is no longer “merely” a horse-racing meeting. It stands for thundering horses hooves on spraying snow. Thrilling flat and trotting races, complete with betting offices. Courageous menand intrepid women on skis pulled along at high speed by unmounted horses at the only skijoring race in the world. A veritable feast for all the senses and a social highlight of the season. JANUARY 2013", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.546398162841797, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "St. Moritz is one of the world’s most famous holiday resorts. Chic, elegant and exclusive with a cosmopolitan ambiance, it is located at 1,856 metres above sea level in the middle of the Upper Engadin lake landscape. The dry, sparkling “champagne climate” is legendary and the celebrated St. Moritz sun shines for an average of 322 days a", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.175874710083008, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St.Moritz", "passage": "You have left the rush hour behind, You have stepped outside the boundary of traffic and hectic schedules.. now you have entered ST.MORITZ, so get ready to enter in to a new sphere and breath in freshness of this serene retreat. Enjoy the tranquillity of these lovely snow capped mountains; be in harmony with nature which mesmerizes with its vibrant energy and its cultural diversity. For decades, people from all parts of the globe have been pouring in to this spectacular town, for it’s a dream come true for every passionate traveller seeking the authentic experience of another land, another place. I have taken very special care for bringing out this edition as there are so many wonderful things to be explored especially the WHITE TURF which has become my personal favourite for its visual beauty and oh those marvellous horses are truly breathtaking and I recommend every horse lover out there to visit this event once in their life time. We are also very proud to be a part of IIFA Tampa Bay by promoting this mega event through our magazine and we are have all plans to promote this in a big way by covering the behind the scenes, the effort which is being put in to this event, rehearsals, star interviews and much more will be a part of this magazine every month. Another good news I’d like to break to you is that we are now taking a prominent South Indian movie crew all the way to ARGENTINA and this is going to be the first ever Indian movie to be filmed extensively in this part of the world. Thanks to the Argentina Tourism department and Film Commission along with QATAR AIRWAYS for providing great incentives and encouraging the Indian film producers to film there. So keep reading for more locations, for more incentives and we will give you the best. Wishing you all a very happy new year, may you travel more and explore more.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.18461799621582, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "It’s St. Moritz.. Once is not enough..", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.055214881896973, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "COVER STORY St. Moritz in one word would be?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.508916854858398, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "St. Moritz is the place where the", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.27330207824707, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "To what extent has the economic downturn in the global markets affected tourism in St. Moritz?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.453142166137695, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Not to substantial lengths but we have seen a minor impact. The challenge is the continuing dominant Swiss Franc, the overextension of Europe, the changed travel attitude concerning of the globalization in the tourism and the involved mobility. How viable is St. Moritz for filming according to you? St. Moritz for filming offers plenty of different views, stories and moments.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.436894416809082, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "the leaning tower of St. Moritz or the", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.251811027526855, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Via Serlas is to St. Moritz as the", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.38193130493164, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Which are the must visit places of St. Moritz you recommend? Leaning tower The leaning tower is a landmark from the 12th century and a part of the St. Mauritius Church that was demolished in 1890. To this day it has remained one of the most spectacular sightseeing attractions in St. Moritz. With a height of 33 m and inclination", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.866376876831055, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Golf Cup sets us apart and also St. Moritz summers are a treat in its own right. Your views on St. Moritz as a wedding destination. Who doesn’t want to celebrate a wedding in one of the most famous places in the World, surrounded by the", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.220130920410156, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "The St. Moritz Casino", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.18498420715332, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "atmosphere! At the St. Moritz Casino in", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.252603530883789, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "What is the most unique quality of St. Moritz that sets it apart from other tourist destinations?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.439149856567383, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "St. Moritz itself offers a high range of 5 stars hotels, where you can celebrate weddings with grandeur.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.18813705444336, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "St. Moritz Weather and When to Go", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.25906753540039, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "he weather in St. Moritz is practically infallible. Travelers partake in any number of outdoor activities throughout the year. Based upon individual preferences, any season can be ideal.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.305370330810547, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Well over 300 GaultMillau points make St. Moritz an absolute paradise for food connoisseurs. Moreover, on the Diavolezza mountain guests can enjoy particular specialties in the Indian food corner. Indian Indian Food is served on the mountain Diavolezza. The restaurant is easily reachable by cable car. Reaching the restaurant at 3’000 m a.s.l. you can touch the snow even in summertime and you will find yourself in the middle of the world of glaciers. The sheer density of gastronomic hotspots is remarkable: every tenth restaurant carries a gourmet certificate, and many more are of a compatible standard. St. Moritz is synonymous with fine cuisine. It therefore comes as no surprise that St. Moritz’s culinary scene is characterized by a spirit of innovation. Five of the region’s seven Michelin stars shine out here in summer, too – namely the Kronenstübli (Grand Hotel Kronenhof) and the Restaurant Talvò by Dalsass with one apiece, and – outshining them all – Bumann’s Chesa Pirani boasting two Michelin stars. Meanwhile, the enterprising Max Schneider shows how simplicity can acquire cult status with his bohemian restaurant, Baracca, where different worlds meet to dine together at long tables. And, of course, the stylish Alpine huts in the hiking and mountain biking paradise.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.998711585998535, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "St. Moritz Polo World Cup on Snow -- on the frozen lake. Not only for polo enthusiasts, but a unique social event for everybody, you and me and the “rich and beautiful”.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.949641227722168, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "15th Opera St. Moritz -- Since 2006, the “Opera St. Moritz” as organizer is regularly holding an opera festival with a term of, usually, 8 performances. All performances are taking place in the famous Corviglia ball room which offers space for about 300 spectators, and is equipped with magnificent floor-toceiling mirrors and precious crystal chandeliers, changing this room into a brilliant opera stage.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.005450248718262, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St.Moritz", "passage": "21st British Classic Car Meeting -- The British Classic Car Meeting St.Moritz - BCCM s the elegant highlight for friends of classic British cars. It combines elegance and class in the breathtaking Engadin Alpine world.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.71867847442627, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "TREND-SETTERS Established in St. Moritz, now well-known all over the world. Fur Vest available at Via Maistra 28 in St. Moritz. www.jetset.ch", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.25684642791748, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "The “little red train” Without doubt one of the most beautiful train rides of all, the Rhaetian Railway’s Albula and Bernina line links northern and southern Europe in such spectacular fashion that in summer 2008 it was placed under the protection of UNESCO. Ever since, the Rhaetian Railway’s “little red trains”, as they are affectionately known, have passed through the heart of the World Heritage site on their way between Thusis and Tirano. The scenery is particularly picturesque in winter. An especially uplifting experience is the full-moon ride up to Alp Grüm, where a glacier fondue is served at an altitude of 2,091 metres (6,860ft) above sea level. On the return journey to St. Moritz, the lights in the train are switched off, and passengers ride to the sounds of classical music, serenaded by the sublime views.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.791000366210938, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "the legendary “champagne climate” of St. Moritz", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.441107749938965, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St.Moritz", "passage": "s the temperature begins to fall, winter reveals its greatest charms: as soon as it is cold enough, the St.Moritz air begins to sparkle as if were made up of millions of tiny snow crystals. Locals have a name for this enchanting phenomenon: champagne climate. Guests tend to assume that the expression is a reference to a favored local drink, and one cannot blame them: the fine wine is just as scintillating as the climate.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.193530082702637, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "a pioneering tour through St. Moritz", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.414543151855469, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "glamorous St. Moritz", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.236599922180176, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "someone and create a fascinating contrast to traditional Engadin. Each establishment has its own clientele, which often could hardly be more different – but all belong to the best hotels in the world. Furthermore there are wonderful rooftop terraces all over St. Moritz. E.g. the Hotel Monopol, The Hotel Schweizerhof and the Crystal Hotel.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.197184562683105, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "teeped in tradition and emanating a luxurious grandeur, St. Moritz’s 5-star hotels look back on an eventful history – and a highly successful one, too. For the exceptional concentration of topclass hotels here is no accident: each has its own unique charm and very special clientele – while remaining open to all. To experience this for yourself, you do not need to be a hotel guest: simply turn up, sink into one of the soft armchairs, and let yourself be pampered. Over afternoon tea, for example, celebrated here in grand – but relaxed – style. The Hotel Kronenhof in Pontresina is one of the most architecturally important hotels in the Alps. Moreover, the most recent addition to the list of five-star establishments – the Hotel Giardino Mountain in Champfèr – is now entering its third winter season.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.012497901916504, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "eedless to say, all the leading fashion labels are to be found in St. Moritz.But the resort also shows its good taste with a range of delicious local specialties. Europe’s highest-lying shopping street, Via Serlas, offers a unique shopping experience with a particular density of top brands. Prestigious fashion labels can be found in elegant boutiques within the smallest of areas. But ordinary sports outlets, delightful souvenir and gift shops, and exclusive delicatessens also belong to the wide range of shopping facilities in this chic Alpine destination. And the resort also shows its good taste with a range of delicious local specialties. T ake Hatecke’s salsiz, an “haute couture” version of the classic Engadin air-dried sausage: the meat-curing facility celebrates chic Alpine style and could almost pass as an art gallery. The confectioner’s shops, Hauser and Hanselmann, are legendary and the first port of call for the famous Engadin nut cake. Jean-Paul Hausammann’s is the place to go for Brut St. Moritz Champagne, the tourist office for legendary posters from yesteryear of St. Moritz, and Bucherer for the greatest choice of Swiss quality watches.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.026599884033203, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "With its over 200 mountain lakes, there is plenty of opportunity for adventure-packed bathing fun. In summer, the smaller lakes in particular warm up to a pleasant 20°C and invite visitors to take the plunge. With the idyllic Lej Nair, the Lej Marsch, with its sheltered yet sunny position and numerous picnic areas, and the beautiful Lake Staz, situated between St. Moritz in Pontresina, water rats are spoilt for choice. The last of these is not only surrounded by moorland meadows and reed beds, but also invites passers-by to enjoy a refreshing dip at the highest-altitude lido in the world. JANUARY 2013", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.150994300842285, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Capacity: 240 (165/50/25) persons Arrival: 5 km from St. Moritz by transfer to the", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.247611999511719, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Capacity: Up to 240 persons in banquet seating Arrival: 20 km from St. Moritz and subsequent", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.955690383911133, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Arrival: Reachable from St. Moritz by horse", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.076857566833496, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Arrival: 2 km from St. Moritz centre", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.230828285217285, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "directly from St. Moritz centre.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.063804626464844, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Lej da Staz – situated amidst the unspoilt nature, St. Moritz – Celerina The delightful Hotel Restaurant Lej da Staz enjoys", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.258099555969238, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Grand Restaurant – Culinary on the highest level, St. Moritz For a wedding on the highest level we recommend the Hotel Suvretta 5*Superior with a more than JANUARY 2013", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.427347183227539, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Via Serlas sparkles and glitters: Modern materials and avant-garde interior furnishing flatter the latest fashion collections and jewellery creations. The names on the doors reflect the ‘Whois-Who’ of the international Lifestyle Society. And make the great advantage in small St. Moritz clear: The next lane that also attracts with local specialities is never far away. For example, Hatecke’s Haute-Couture Salsiz: The meat curing business celebrates the chic ‘Alpine Style’ and almost looks like a gallery. There is no other place where you can buy sausages with a lower fat content and tenderer dried meat than here. At a corner further down the road, it is almost a duty to pop into the Hanselmann café for a piece of the legendary Engadine nut gateau. A visit to the Glattfelder delicatessen shop is the next stop. This is where you will find exclusive tea, exquisite coffee and high-quality caviar. Another worthwhile stop is Gautschi tobacconist: The owner himself is a real ‘Aficionado’ and manages Grisons’ best-assorted humidor. The old St. Moritz posters are available from the Spa Association, and the St. Moritz Info Point offers its new interpretations of the famous illustrator Christoph Niemann. It is best to take things as they come and be surprised.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.227621078491211, "source": "search", "title": "January 2014 st moritz by Locations and More.. for Indian ..." }, { "answer": "St Moritz", "passage": "4. St Moritz, Switzerland", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.066262245178223, "source": "search", "title": "Best ski resorts in the Alps for winter holidays" }, { "answer": "St Moritz", "passage": "For beginners: while St Moritz is not the best resort for learners due to having their nursery slopes quite wide-spread, there are still great areas where young children and beginners can try the skies or boards for the first time. The best beginner’s areas can be found in Corviglia and Salastrains. Celerina also has gentle nursery slopes but you will need to drive there as it is not connected by a funicular or lift to St Moritz unlike the other two.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.330109596252441, "source": "search", "title": "Best ski resorts in the Alps for winter holidays" }, { "answer": "St Moritz", "passage": "For advanced: with St Moritz hosting the FIS Alpine World Ski Cup in 2017 expert skiers can be rest assured that they will find challenging courses throughout the resort. In fact, they don’t need to ski too far nor wait until 2017 to descend an impressive World Cup downhill slope as it is easily found at Piz Nair in the Corviglia area. Adrenaline junkies will get their fix at the Lagalb at Diavolezza. The slope is considered to be the most challenging in the Engadin and known as ‘the queen of the mountains.’ Powder snow abounds throughout the resort and there are expert guides offering tours to those wishing to make the most out of the freeriding opportunities!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.996146202087402, "source": "search", "title": "Best ski resorts in the Alps for winter holidays" }, { "answer": "St Moritz", "passage": "The standard St Moritz Lift Pass covers almost every lift in the Engadin valley and is available from as little as CHF35. To find out how to benefit from this real bargain check out THE BEST SKI DEALS section further down this page.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.463483810424805, "source": "search", "title": "Best ski resorts in the Alps for winter holidays" }, { "answer": "St Moritz", "passage": "(Via Maistra 3, 7512 Champfèr +41 818 366 300) Five star family friendly alpine hotel located just 3km away from St Moritz and with only 78 rooms and suites; allowing guests to truly enjoy a relaxing stay. It is one of the few hotels in the region boasting a 2 Michelin stars restaurant a deluxe Dipiu Spa, with traditional and cutting edge therapies that are guaranteed to help skiers recover after a day out in the slopes. Guests travelling with young kids and teenagers will be pleased to hear that there is a fantastic Mountain Kids Club and a wide array of activities that include riding the hotel’s own horses!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.012066841125488, "source": "search", "title": "Best ski resorts in the Alps for winter holidays" }, { "answer": "St Moritz", "passage": "(Corviglia station, 7500 St Moritz +41 (0)81 833 40 80) This classic mountain hut is the perfect place to kick off the party or relax in-between ski sessions as it boasts a large sun terrace with panoramic views of the Engadin Valley. Its snow bar is one of the most energetic in the resort playing contemporary hits and serving the fanciest hot drinks around like SchümliPlflümli, a coffee with schnapps and whipped cream (CHF11.50) ideal to keep warm on cold days. The traditional Swiss dishes served at the restaurant and the sausages and burgers on offer at the food station next to the bar are also a good reason to give your legs a break!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.047833442687988, "source": "search", "title": "Best ski resorts in the Alps for winter holidays" }, { "answer": "St Moritz", "passage": "(Via Serlas 27, 7500 St Moritz +41 81 837 10 00) The hottest nightclub in town. Period. Located in the equally luxurious Badrutt’s Palace Hotel this is the place where jetsetters flock to in order to mingle with celebrities and royalty members; it really doesn’t get more glamourous and exclusive than this. It is decorated in a modern style and some of the best DJs keep the buzzing atmosphere until sunrise with the hottest tracks being played. It is only open during the winter season but there is no such thing as closing hours which means you can literally dance the night away! The dress code is, and we quote, ‘dress to impress.’ ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.877595901489258, "source": "search", "title": "Best ski resorts in the Alps for winter holidays" }, { "answer": "St Moritz", "passage": "Shopping: With over a 100 shops, St Moritz is truly paradise for the shopaholics with the main shopping area located along Via Serlas, one of the most exclusive in the world. Designer boutiques and jewelleries of international brands as prestigious as Armani, Bulgary, Cartier, Chanel, Gucci, Louis Vuitton and Versace can be found here. If you get tired of all the walking Café Hanselmann (Via Maistra 8, 7500 St Moritz) has delicious cakes and coffees and is open from 7.30am until 9pm.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.27092456817627, "source": "search", "title": "Best ski resorts in the Alps for winter holidays" }, { "answer": "St Moritz", "passage": "Entertainment: Casino St Moritz (Via Mezdi 29, 7500 St Moritz in the Kempinski Grand Hotel des Bains) It has several slot machines and tables for American Roulette, Black Jack and Stud Poker. Open until 3am every night it is however closed during May and November. Admission is free and adults-only. Kino Scala St Moritz (Via Maistra 29 7500 St Moritz) is a great cinema showing international movies in English and German with subtitles available in German and French and 2D and 3D options. Sessions are at 5pm and 8.30pm and prices range from CHF20 to CHF12.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.052155494689941, "source": "search", "title": "Best ski resorts in the Alps for winter holidays" }, { "answer": "St Moritz", "passage": "Museums & exhibitions: Art lovers are in for a treat in St Moritz as there are several museums dedicated to painters and design. The Segantini Museum (Via Somplaz 30, 7500 St Moritz) features heartwrenching, inspiring paintings by the talented Giovanni Segantini and the Berry Museum (Via Arona 32, 7500) showcases works by painter and spa physician Peter Robert Berry. Chesa Futura (Via Tinus 7500) displays Norman Foster’s personal take on how humanity will live in the future through 10 private apartments designed by the English architect. Only the exterior can be visited.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.288930892944336, "source": "search", "title": "Best ski resorts in the Alps for winter holidays" }, { "answer": "St Moritz", "passage": "Touristic attractions: it may not be as famous as the one in Pisa but the 12th century leaning tower of St Moritz (Via Brattas, 7500) is impressive enough to be the symbol of the town. In fact there is only another sightseeing site that rivals it and that’s the Heidi Hut, a quaint cottage (Auf dem Schellenursli-Weg, 7500) used for the filming of the 1952 Heidi movie which can be visited by adults and children. On the sunnier seasons, a trip to Lake of Staz is highly recommended.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.691230773925781, "source": "search", "title": "Best ski resorts in the Alps for winter holidays" }, { "answer": "St Moritz", "passage": "For the 2014-2015 ski season St Moritz is offering a variety of great ski packages some of which are available throughout the season!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.38506031036377, "source": "search", "title": "Best ski resorts in the Alps for winter holidays" }, { "answer": "St Moritz", "passage": "If you are looking for the cheapest ski pass in the Alps this year, St Moritz has it and you‘d be crazy to turn this offer down. If you stay one night in any of the partner hotels of the ski resort you can purchase a ski pass for just CHF35! How cool is that?  ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.388254165649414, "source": "search", "title": "Best ski resorts in the Alps for winter holidays" }, { "answer": "St Moritz", "passage": "Ideal offer for the casual weekend skier wishing to celebrate the heritage of St Moritz and its ski history while enjoying a live concert by acclaimed German singer and composer Xavier Naidoo and the exciting St Moritz City Race. From CHF366 per person for 2 night stays.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.937600135803223, "source": "search", "title": "Best ski resorts in the Alps for winter holidays" }, { "answer": "St Moritz", "passage": "Alpine ski enthusiasts will flock to St Moritz for the ladies‘ downhill race on the 23th of January and this year promises to be a thrill with the best skiers still in post-Olympics shape. From CHF173 you can be part of it all; we guarantee you it is better than watching it on TV!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.68061637878418, "source": "search", "title": "Best ski resorts in the Alps for winter holidays" }, { "answer": "St Moritz", "passage": "Crowds coming to St Moritz are rarely interested in the ski. That is why the busiest time of the year tends to be late January and February, when the prestigious Polo World Cup takes place on the frozen lake.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.281781196594238, "source": "search", "title": "Best ski resorts in the Alps for winter holidays" }, { "answer": "St Moritz", "passage": "Plane: fly to Engadin Airport (few minutes away) or Zurich Airport (3 hours away) Check out our exclusive private helicopter transfers from Milan to St Moritz.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.533404350280762, "source": "search", "title": "Best ski resorts in the Alps for winter holidays" }, { "answer": "St. Moritz", "passage": "Public transportation: St. Moritz Railway Station is served by national trains from Zurich and Basel and international trains from Milano and Munich. For a picturesque train journey we recommend flying to Zurich and taking the train to Chur where you can board one of the hourly run trains operated by Rhaetian Railway heading to St Moritz.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.449175834655762, "source": "search", "title": "Best ski resorts in the Alps for winter holidays" } ]

[ { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary (; ) is a parliamentary constitutional republic in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Romania to the east, Serbia to the south, Croatia to the southwest, Slovenia to the west, Austria to the northwest, and Ukraine to the northeast. The country's capital and largest city is Budapest. Hungary is a member of the European Union, NATO, the OECD, the Visegrád Group, and the Schengen Area. The official language is Hungarian, which is the most widely spoken non-Indo-European language in Europe. ", "precise_score": 0.8533288240432739, "rough_score": 1.953067660331726, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The \"H\" in the name of Hungary (and Latin Hungaria) is most likely due to early historical associations with the Huns, who had settled Hungary prior to the Avars. The rest of the word comes from the Latinized form of Byzantine Greek Oungroi (Οὔγγροι). According to an explanation the Greek name was borrowed from Old Bulgarian ągrinŭ, in turn borrowed from Oghur-Turkic Onogur ('ten [tribes of the] Ogurs'). Onogur was the collective name for the tribes who later joined the Bulgar tribal confederacy that ruled the eastern parts of Hungary after the Avars. The Hungarians likely belonged to the Onogur tribal alliance and it is quite possible they became its ethnic majority. ", "precise_score": -8.282264709472656, "rough_score": -7.215124607086182, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "After some 150 years of wars with the Hungarians and other states, the Ottomans gained a decisive victory over the Hungarian army at the Battle of Mohács in 1526, where King Louis II died while fleeing. Amid political chaos, the divided Hungarian nobility elected two kings simultaneously, John Zápolya and Ferdinand I of the Habsburg dynasty. With the conquest of Buda by the Turks in 1541, Hungary was divided into three parts and remained so until the end of the 17th century. The north-western part, termed as Royal Hungary, was annexed by the Habsburgs who ruled as Kings of Hungary. The eastern part of the kingdom became independent as the Principality of Transylvania, under Ottoman (and later Habsburg) suzerainty. The remaining central area, including the capital Buda, was known as the Pashalik of Buda.", "precise_score": -6.8806304931640625, "rough_score": -8.221529006958008, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The vast majority of the seventeen and nineteen thousand Ottoman soldiers in service in the Ottoman fortresses in the territory of Hungary were Orthodox and Muslim Balkan Slavs rather than ethnic Turkish people. Orthodox Southern Slavs were also acting as akinjis and other light troops intended for pillaging in the territory of present-day Hungary. In 1686, the Holy League's army, containing over 74,000 men from various nations, reconquered Buda from the Turks. After some more crushing defeats of the Ottomans in the next few years, the entire Kingdom of Hungary was removed from Ottoman rule by 1718. The last raid into Hungary by the Ottoman vassals Tatars from Crimea took place in 1717. The constrained Habsburg Counter-Reformation efforts in the 17th century reconverted the majority of the kingdom to Catholicism. The ethnic composition of Hungary was fundamentally changed as a consequence of the prolonged warfare with the Turks. A large part of the country became devastated, population growth was stunted, and many smaller settlements perished. The Austrian-Habsburg government settled large groups of Serbs and other Slavs in the depopulated south, and settled Germans (called Danube Swabians) in various areas, but Hungarians were not allowed to settle or re-settle in the south of the Great Plain. ", "precise_score": -9.217267990112305, "rough_score": -7.293491840362549, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "After the Assassination in Sarajevo, the Hungarian prime minister István Tisza and his cabinet tried to avoid the outbreak and escalating of a war in Europe, but their diplomatic efforts were unsuccessful. Austria–Hungary drafted 9 million (fighting forces: 7.8 million) soldiers in World War I (over 4 million from the Kingdom of Hungary) on the side of Germany, Bulgaria and Turkey. The troops raised in the Kingdom of Hungary spent little time defending the actual territory of Hungary, with the exceptions of the Brusilov Offensive in June 1916, and a few months later, when the Romanian army made an attack into Transylvania, both of which were repelled. In comparison, of the total army, Hungary's loss ratio was more than any other nations of Austria-Hungary. The Central Powers conquered Serbia. Romania declared war. The Central Powers conquered Southern Romania and the Romanian capital Bucharest. In 1916 Emperor Franz Joseph died, and the new monarch Charles IV sympathized with the pacifists. With great difficulty, the Central powers stopped and repelled the attacks of the Russian Empire.", "precise_score": -6.342319965362549, "rough_score": -7.213320255279541, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Romania took control of Transylvania and other parts of eastern Hungary, Czechoslovakia took control of the northern parts (also known as Upper Hungary), and a joint Serbian and French Army took control of the southern parts. These territories had majority populations of the respective occupying nations, but territories were occupied further than the ethnic boundaries, and so each had a significant Hungarian population as well. The post-War Entente backed the subsequent annexations of these territories.", "precise_score": -5.789053440093994, "rough_score": -6.860658645629883, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The Germans and Italians granted Hungary a part of southern Czechoslovakia and Subcarpathia in the First Vienna Award of 1938. In early 1939 Hungary occupied the rest of Subcarpathia and, following the Slovak–Hungarian War, part of eastern Slovakia. Northern Transylvania was occupied following the Second Vienna Award of 1940. In 1941, the Hungarian army took part in the invasion of Yugoslavia, regaining some more territories. On 22 June 1941, Germany invaded the Soviet Union under Operation Barbarossa. On 26 June, unidentified planes bombed the regained cities of Kassa, Munkács, and Rahó; as a response the next day Prime Minister László Bárdossy declared war on the Soviet Union, and formally entered World War II on the side of the Axis Powers. In late 1941, the Hungarian troops on the Eastern Front experienced success at the Battle of Uman. ", "precise_score": -6.827528476715088, "rough_score": -7.691660404205322, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary's geography has traditionally been defined by its two main waterways, the Danube and Tisza rivers. The common tripartite division of the country into three sections—Dunántúl (\"beyond the Danube\", Transdanubia), Tiszántúl (\"beyond the Tisza\"), and Duna-Tisza köze (\"between the Danube and Tisza\")—is a reflection of this. The Danube flows north-south right through the center of contemporary Hungary, and the entire country lies within its drainage basin.", "precise_score": -2.8349673748016357, "rough_score": -6.965572357177734, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The Duna-Tisza köze and Tiszántúl are characterized mainly by the Great Hungarian Plain (Alföld), which stretches across most of the eastern and southeastern areas of the country. To the north of the Plain are the foothills of the Carpathians in a wide band near the Slovakian border. The Kékes at 1014 m is the tallest mountain in Hungary and is found here.", "precise_score": -2.4057345390319824, "rough_score": -3.7696757316589355, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary is a unicameral parliamentary representative democratic republic. Members of Parliament (országgyűlési képviselő, pl. képviselők) are elected to the highest organ of state authority, the Országgyűlés, or National Assembly, every four years. Up until 2012, 386 MPs were elected to the National Assembly in two rounds of voting guaranteeing proportional representation with an election threshold of 5%. In 2012, the new Constitution lowered the number of MPs to 199 and instituted a first-past-the-post election with a single round. The Hungarian government operates according to its Basic Law, which was adopted by the governing parties two-thirds majority in 2012 but based on the post-war Constitution of West Germany.", "precise_score": -7.817720890045166, "rough_score": -6.680700778961182, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Administratively, Hungary is divided into 19 counties (megye, plural megyék). In addition, the capital (főváros), Budapest, is independent of any county government. The counties and the capital are the 20 NUTS third-level units of Hungary. The counties are further subdivided into 198 ridings (járás, plural járások) as of 1 January 2013. There are also 23 towns with county rights (singular megyei jogú város), sometimes known as \"urban counties\" in English (although there is no such term in Hungarian). The local authorities of these towns have extended powers, but these towns belong to the territory of the respective county instead of being independent territorial units.", "precise_score": -8.221017837524414, "rough_score": -8.420355796813965, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Since 1996, the counties and City of Budapest have been grouped into 7 regions for statistical and development purposes. These seven regions constitute NUTS' second-level units of Hungary. They are: Central Hungary, Central Transdanubia, Northern Great Plain, Northern Hungary, Southern Transdanubia, Southern Great Plain, and Western Transdanubia.", "precise_score": -6.046687602996826, "rough_score": -7.8722615242004395, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary is an OECD high-income mixed economy with very high human development index and skilled labour force with the 16th lowest income inequality in the world, furthermore it is the 15th most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index. The Hungarian is the 57th-largest economy in the world (out of 188 countries measured by IMF) with $265.037 billion output, and ranks 49th in the world in terms of GDP per capita measured by purchasing power parity. Hungary is an export-oriented market economy with a heavy emphasis on foreign trade, thus the country is the 36th largest export economy in the world. The country has more than $100 billion export in 2015 with high, $9.003 billion trade surplus, of which 79% went to the EU and 21% was extra-EU trade. Hungary has a more than 80% privately owned economy with 39,1% overall taxation, which provides the basis for the country's welfare economy. On the expenditure side, household consumption is the main component of GDP and accounts for 50 percent of its total use, followed by gross fixed capital formation with 22 percent and government expenditure with 20 percent. ", "precise_score": -6.164943695068359, "rough_score": -8.0027437210083, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary continues to be one of the leading nations for attracting foreign direct investment in Central and Eastern Europe, the inward FDI in the country was $119.8 billion in 2015, while Hungary invest more than $50 billion abroad. , the key trading partners of Hungary were Germany, Austria, Romania, Slovakia, France, Italy, Poland and Czech Republic. Major industries include food processing, pharmaceuticals, motor vehicles, information technology, chemicals, metallurgy, machinery, electrical goods, and tourism (in 2014 Hungary welcomed 12.1 million international tourists). ", "precise_score": -7.1390533447265625, "rough_score": -8.250716209411621, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Budapest is the financial and business capital of Hungary. The capital is a significant economic hub, classified as an Alpha- world city in the study by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network and it is the second fastest-developing urban economy in Europe as GDP per capita in the city increased by 2.4 per cent and employment by 4.7 per cent compared to the previous year in 2014. On national level, Budapest is the primate city of Hungary regarding business and economy, accounting for 39% of the national income, the city has a gross metropolitan product more than $100 billion in 2015, making it one of the largest regional economy in the European Union. Budapest is also among the Top100 GDP performing cities in the world, measured by PricewaterhouseCoopers and in a global city competitiveness ranking by EIU, Budapest is stands before Tel Aviv, Lisbon, Moscow and Johannesburg among others. ", "precise_score": -6.616354942321777, "rough_score": -7.613919734954834, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary has a highly developed road, railway, air and water transport system. Budapest, the capital, serves as an important hub for the Hungarian railway system (MÁV). The capital is served by three large train stations called Keleti (Eastern), Nyugati (Western), and Déli (Southern) pályaudvars. Szolnok is the most important railway hub outside Budapest, while Tiszai Railway Station in Miskolc and the main stations of Pécs, Győr, Szeged, and Székesfehérvár are also key to the network.", "precise_score": -7.302847385406494, "rough_score": -8.359687805175781, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary is home to the largest synagogue in Europe (Great Synagogue), built in 1859 in Moorish Revival style with a capacity of 3000 people, the largest medicinal bath in Europe (Széchenyi Medicinal Bath), completed in 1913 in Modern Renaissance Style and located in the City park, the biggest building in Hungary with its 268 meters length (the Parliament building), one of the largest basilicas in Europe (Esztergom Basilica), the second largest territorial abbey in the world (Pannonhalma Archabbey), and the largest early Christian necropolis outside Italy (Pécs).", "precise_score": -6.60147762298584, "rough_score": -8.575484275817871, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary has made many contributions to the fields of folk, popular and classical music. Hungarian folk music is a prominent part of the national identity and continues to play a major part in Hungarian music. Hungarian folk music has been significant in former country parts that belong – since the 1920 Treaty of Trianon – to neighbouring countries such as Romania, Slovakia, southern Poland and especially in southern Slovakia and Transylvania; both regions have significant numbers of Hungarians.", "precise_score": -8.816178321838379, "rough_score": -7.336427211761475, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Broughton claims that Hungary's \"infectious sound has been surprisingly influential on neighboring countries (thanks perhaps to the common Austro-Hungarian history) and it's not uncommon to hear Hungarian-sounding tunes in Romania, Slovakia and southern Poland\".Szalipszki, p. 12Refers to the country as \"widely considered\" to be a \"home of music\". It is also strong in the Szabolcs-Szatmár area and in the southwest part of Transdanubia, near the border with Croatia. The Busójárás carnival in Mohács is a major Hungarian folk music event, formerly featuring the long-established and well-regarded Bogyiszló orchestra. ", "precise_score": -7.598918437957764, "rough_score": -8.430424690246582, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Wine: As Hugh Johnson says in The History of Wine, the territory of Hungary is ideal for wine-making. Since the fall of communism there has been a renaissance in Hungarian wine-making. The choice of quality wine is widening from year to year. The country can be divided to six wine regions: North-Transdanubia, Lake Balaton, South-Pannónia, Duna-region or Alföld, Upper-Hungary and Tokaj-Hegyalja.", "precise_score": -5.086141109466553, "rough_score": -7.525548458099365, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary is a land of thermal water. A passion for spa culture and Hungarian history have been connected from the very beginning. Hungarian spas feature Roman, Greek, Turkish, and northern country architectural elements. ", "precise_score": -5.612316131591797, "rough_score": -6.738480091094971, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Generally, the Balkans are bordered on the northwest by Italy , on the north by Hungary , on the north and northeast by Moldova and Ukraine , and on the south by Greece and Turkey or the Aegean Sea (depending on how the region is defined). The Balkans are washed by the Adriatic Sea in the west, the Ionian Sea in the southwest, and the Black Sea in the east. In the north, clear geographic delimitation of the Balkans becomes difficult because the Pannonian Basin of the Great Alfold (Great Hungarian Plain) extends from central Europe into parts of Croatia, Serbia, and Romania.", "precise_score": -1.5222671031951904, "rough_score": -0.16927126049995422, "source": "search", "title": "Balkans | Britannica.com" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary had already established its authority as early as the 11th century in Transylvania , where it introduced both Szeklers , a Hungarian-speaking people, and German-speaking Saxons . To the east the kingdoms of Walachia and Moldavia did not emerge until the 14th century; their preoccupations were less with the Turks than with the Hungarians and the Mongols.", "precise_score": -9.44035816192627, "rough_score": -8.170141220092773, "source": "search", "title": "Balkans | Britannica.com" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary", "precise_score": -6.974976539611816, "rough_score": -6.927582740783691, "source": "search", "title": "Hungary - European Union website, the official EU website ..." }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary is a landlocked country in central Europe, which borders with no fewer than seven countries: Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia and Austria. The country is mostly flat, with low mountains in the north. ", "precise_score": 0.4185888469219208, "rough_score": 0.4775387942790985, "source": "search", "title": "Hungary - European Union website, the official EU website ..." }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary in the EU", "precise_score": -8.388894081115723, "rough_score": -7.3867034912109375, "source": "search", "title": "Hungary - European Union website, the official EU website ..." }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The Danube River has been used as an important means of transportation for commerce and military operations for nearly 2,000 years because it is the only major European river that flows west to east. The Danube rises in Germany's Black Forest and flows through the heartland of Austria, first forming the border of Austria and Slovakia, and then Slovakia and Hungary. Leaving Hungary, it runs through Croatia and Serbia to form the boundary between Serbia and Romania and then the Romania and Bulgaria border. The mighty Danube brushes the edge of Moldova and Ukraine before finally emptying into the Black Sea.", "precise_score": -4.341928005218506, "rough_score": -6.502334117889404, "source": "search", "title": "The Danube River - Avalon Waterways®" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The Danube winds away from Hungary and through the city of Novi Sad, Serbia. Steeped in history, the hilltop Petrovaradin Fort affords dramatic views of the Danube. On to Serbia's capital, Belgrade, situated at the confluence of the Danube and Sava Rivers. Full of lively pedestrian areas and imposing cathedrals and fortresses, Belgrade is a riveting study in contrasts.", "precise_score": -6.739294052124023, "rough_score": -7.754084587097168, "source": "search", "title": "The Danube River - Avalon Waterways®" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Romania and Bulgaria are shown to be best friends who often push each other around jokingly. The two are often grouped together (along with Hungary ) in the European Union, and together make an appearance in the Halloween 2013 Event, Christmas 2011 Event, and Halloween 2011 Event.", "precise_score": -5.394629955291748, "rough_score": -7.249057292938232, "source": "search", "title": "Bulgaria - Hetalia Archives - Wikia" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "By the middle of the 16th century, Hungary , and most of the Balkan Peninsula including Romania's historical regions of Moldavia (northeast), Transylvania (central) and Wallachia (in the south) were under varied levels of Ottoman (Turkish) control.", "precise_score": -7.303829193115234, "rough_score": -5.182505130767822, "source": "search", "title": "Romania Map / Geography of Romania / Map of Romania ..." }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary", "precise_score": -6.974976539611816, "rough_score": -6.927582740783691, "source": "search", "title": "EUROPA - Hungary in the EU" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary is a landlocked country in central Europe, which borders with no fewer than seven countries: Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia and Austria. The country is mostly flat, with low mountains in the north. ", "precise_score": 0.4185888469219208, "rough_score": 0.4775387942790985, "source": "search", "title": "EUROPA - Hungary in the EU" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary in the EU", "precise_score": -8.388896942138672, "rough_score": -7.3867034912109375, "source": "search", "title": "EUROPA - Hungary in the EU" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Following centuries of successive habitation by Celts, Romans, Huns, Slavs, Gepids and Avars, the foundation of Hungary was laid in the late 9th-century by the Hungarian grand prince Árpád in the Honfoglalás (\"homeland-conquest\"). His great-grandson Stephen I ascended to the throne in 1000 CE, converting the country to a Christian kingdom. By the 12th century, Hungary became a middle power within the Western world, reaching a golden age by the 15th century. Following the Battle of Mohács in 1526 and about 150 years of partial Ottoman occupation (1541–1699), Hungary came under Habsburg rule, and later formed a significant part of the Austro–Hungarian Empire (1867–1918).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.939751625061035, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary's current borders were first established by the Treaty of Trianon (1920) after World War I, when the country lost 71% of its territory, 58% of its population, and 32% of ethnic Hungarians. Following the interwar period, Hungary joined the Axis Powers in World War II, suffering significant damage and casualties. Hungary came under the influence of the Soviet Union, which contributed to the establishment of a four-decade-long communist dictatorship (1947–1989). The country gained widespread international attention regarding the Revolution of 1956 and the seminal opening of its previously-restricted border with Austria in 1989, which accelerated the collapse of the Eastern Bloc.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.625873565673828, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "On 23 October 1989, Hungary again became a democratic parliamentary republic, and today has a high-income economy with a very high Human Development Index.[http://data.worldbank.org/about/country-classifications/country-and-lending-groups#OECD_members Country and Lending Groups | Data]. Data.worldbank.org. Retrieved on 11 August 2014.[http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr14_statisticaltables.xls United Nations Development Programme: Human Development Report, 2014]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.761251449584961, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary is a popular tourist destination attracting 10.675 million tourists a year (2013). It is home to the largest thermal water cave system, the second-largest thermal lake in the world (Lake Hévíz), the largest lake in Central Europe (Lake Balaton), and the largest natural grasslands in Europe (the Hortobágy National Park).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.665617942810059, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Magyarország", "passage": "The Hungarian endonym is Magyarország, composed of magyar ('Hungarian') and ország ('country'). The word magyar is taken from the name of one of the seven major semi-nomadic Hungarian tribes, magyeri. The first element magy is likely from Proto-Ugric *mäńć- 'man, person', also found in the name of the Mansi people (mäńćī, mańśi, måńś). The second element eri, 'man, men, lineage', survives in Hungarian férj 'husband', and is cognate with Mari erge 'son', Finnish archaic yrkä 'young man'. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.199267387390137, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The Roman Empire conquered the territory west of the Danube between 35 and 9 BC. From 9 BC to the end of the 4th century, Pannonia was part of the Roman Empire, located within part of later Hungary's territory. Here, a 600-strong Roman legion created the settlement Aquincum in 41–54 CE. A civil city grew gradually in the neighborhood of the military settlement, and in 106 CE Aquincum became the focal point of the commercial life of this area and the capital city of the Pannonian Inferior region. This area now corresponds to the Óbuda district of Budapest, with the Roman ruins now forming part of the modern Aquincum museum. Later came the Huns, who built a powerful empire. After Hunnish rule, the Germanic Ostrogoths, Lombards, and Gepids, and the polyethnic Avars, had a presence in the Carpathian Basin. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.11358642578125, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Medieval Hungary 895–1526", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.045503616333008, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "As a federation of united tribes, Hungary was established in 895, some 50 years after the division of the Carolingian Empire at the Treaty of Verdun in 843, before the unification of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms. Initially, the rising Principality of Hungary (\"Western Tourkia\" in medieval Greek sources) was a state consisting of a semi-nomadic people. It accomplished an enormous transformation into a Christian realm during the 10th century. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.752202987670898, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The year 972 marked the date when the ruling prince () Géza of the Árpád dynasty officially started to integrate Hungary into the Christian Western Europe. His first-born son, Saint Stephen I, became the first King of Hungary after defeating his pagan uncle Koppány, who also claimed the throne. Under Stephen, Hungary was recognized as a Catholic Apostolic Kingdom. Applying to Pope Sylvester II, Stephen received the insignia of royalty (including probably a part of the Holy Crown of Hungary, currently kept in the Hungarian Parliament) from the papacy.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.852046966552734, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "By 1006, Stephen had consolidated his power, and started sweeping reforms to convert Hungary into a Western feudal state. The country switched to using the Latin language, and until as late as 1844, Latin remained the official language of Hungary. Hungary became a powerful kingdom. Ladislaus I extended Hungary's frontier in Transylvania and invaded Croatia in 1091. The Croatian campaign culminated in the Battle of Gvozd Mountain in 1097 and a personal union of Croatia and Hungary in 1102, ruled by Coloman i.e. Könyves Kálmán. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.75920295715332, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "In 1241–1242, the kingdom received a major blow with the Mongol (Tatar) Invasion. Up to half of Hungary's then population of 2,000,000 were victims of the invasion. King Béla IV let Cumans and Jassic people into the country, who were fleeing the Mongols. Over the centuries, they were fully assimilated into the Hungarian population. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.504430770874023, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "As a consequence, after the Mongols retreated, King Béla ordered the construction of hundreds of stone castles and fortifications, to defend against a possible second Mongol invasion. The Mongols returned to Hungary in 1285, but the newly built stone-castle systems and new tactics (using a higher proportion of heavily armed knights) stopped them. The invading Mongol force was defeated near Pest by the royal army of Ladislaus IV of Hungary. As with later invasions, it was repelled handily, the Mongols losing much of their invading force.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.821186065673828, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The Kingdom of Hungary reached one of its greatest extent during the Árpádian kings, yet royal power was weakened at the end of their rule in 1301. After a destructive period of interregnum (1301–1308), the first Angevin king, Charles I of Hungary – a bilineal descendant of the Árpád dynasty – successfully restored royal power, and defeated oligarch rivals, the so-called \"little kings\". The second Angevin Hungarian king, Louis the Great (1342–1382), led many successful military campaigns from Lithuania to Southern Italy (Kingdom of Naples), and was also King of Poland from 1370. After King Louis died without a male heir, the country was stabilized only when Sigismund of Luxembourg (1387–1437) succeeded to the throne, who in 1433 also became Holy Roman Emperor. Sigismund was also (in several ways) a bilineal descendant of the Árpád dynasty.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.931065559387207, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The last strong king of medieval Hungary was the Renaissance king Matthias Corvinus (1458–1490), son of John Hunyadi. His election was the first time that a member of the nobility mounted to the Hungarian royal throne without dynastic background. He was a successful military leader and an enlightened patron of the arts and learning. His library, the Bibliotheca Corviniana, was Europe's greatest collection of historical chronicles, philosophic and scientific works in the 15th century, and second only in size to the Vatican Library. The library is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.516275405883789, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The serfs and common people considered him a just ruler because he protected them from excessive demands from and other abuses by the magnates. Under his rule, in 1479, the Hungarian army destroyed the Ottoman and Wallachian troops at the Battle of Breadfield. Abroad he defeated the Polish and German imperial armies of Frederick at Breslau (Wrocław). Matthias' mercenary standing army, the Black Army of Hungary, was an unusually large army for its time, and it conquered parts of Austria, Vienna (1485) and parts of Bohemia.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.51360034942627, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Decline of Hungary (1490–1526)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.09289264678955, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "King Matthias died without lawful sons, and the Hungarian magnates procured the accession of the Pole Vladislaus II (1490–1516), supposedly because of his weak influence on Hungarian aristocracy. Hungary's international role declined, its political stability shaken, and social progress was deadlocked. In 1514, the weakened old King Vladislaus II faced a major peasant rebellion led by György Dózsa, which was ruthlessly crushed by the nobles, led by John Zápolya.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.669861793518066, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Between 1703 and 1711, there was a large-scale uprising led by Francis II Rákóczi, who after the dethronement of the Habsburgs in 1707 at the Diet of Ónod, took power provisionally as the Ruling Prince of Hungary for the wartime period, but refused the Hungarian Crown and the title \"King\". The uprisings lasted for years. After 8 years of war with the Habsburg Empire, the Hungarian Kuruc army lost the last main battle at Trencsén (1708). ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.844320297241211, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The Habsburg Ruler and his advisors skillfully manipulated the Croatian, Serbian and Romanian peasantry, led by priests and officers firmly loyal to the Habsburgs, and induced them to rebel against the Hungarian government, though the Hungarians were supported by the vast majority of the Slovak, German and Rusyn nationalities and by all the Jews of the kingdom, as well as by a large number of Polish, Austrian and Italian volunteers. In July 1849 the Hungarian Parliament proclaimed and enacted the first laws of ethnic and minority rights in the world. Many members of the nationalities gained the coveted highest positions within the Hungarian Army, like General János Damjanich, an ethnic Serb who became a Hungarian national hero through his command of the 3rd Hungarian Army Corps or Józef Bem, who was Polish and also became a national hero in Hungary. Initially, the Hungarian forces (Honvédség) defeated Austrian armies. To counter the successes of the Hungarian revolutionary army, Habsburg Emperor Franz Joseph I asked for help from the \"Gendarme of Europe\", Czar Nicholas I, whose Russian armies invaded Hungary. This made Artúr Görgey surrender in August 1849. The leader of the Austrian army, Julius Jacob von Haynau, became governor of Hungary for a few months, and ordered the execution of the 13 Martyrs of Arad, leaders of the Hungarian army, and Prime Minister Batthyány in October 1849. Lajos Kossuth escaped into exile. Following the war of 1848 - 1849, the whole country was in \"passive resistance\".", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.841354370117188, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Because of external and internal problems, reforms seemed inevitable and major military defeats of Austria forced the Habsburgs to negotiate the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, by which the dual Monarchy of Austria–Hungary was formed. This Empire had the second largest area in Europe (after the Russian Empire), and it was the third most populous (after Russia and the German Empire). The two realms were governed separately by two parliaments from two capital cities, with a common monarch and common external and military policies. Economically, the empire was a customs union. The old Hungarian Constitution was restored, and Franz Joseph I was crowned as King of Hungary. The era witnessed impressive economic development. The formerly backward Hungarian economy became relatively modern and industrialized by the turn of the 20th century, although agriculture remained dominant until 1890. In 1873, the old capital Buda and Óbuda were officially united with Pest, thus creating the new metropolis of Budapest. Many of the state institutions and the modern administrative system of Hungary were established during this period.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.006874084472656, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The Eastern front of the Allied (Entente) Powers completely collapsed. The Austro-Hungarian Empire then withdrew from all defeated countries. On the Italian front, the Austro-Hungarian army made no progress against Italy after January 1918. Despite great Eastern successes, Germany suffered complete defeat on the more important Western front. By 1918, the economic situation had deteriorated (strikes in factories were organized by leftist and pacifist movements) and uprisings in the army had become commonplace. In the capital cities, the Austrian and Hungarian leftist liberal movements (the maverick parties) and their leaders supported the separatism of ethnic minorities. Austria-Hungary signed a general armistice in Padua on 3 November 1918. In October 1918, Hungary's union with Austria was dissolved.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.746737480163574, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The success of the 1918 Aster Revolution in Budapest brought Mihály Károlyi to power as prime minister and later as president of the first republic of Hungary. Károlyi ordered the full disarmament of the Hungarian Army, leaving Hungary without any national defence.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.032751083374023, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "In March 1919, the Communists took power in Hungary. In April, Béla Kun proclaimed the Hungarian Soviet Republic. Kun's government, like its immediate predecessor, proved to be short-lived. Despite some initial military successes against the Czechoslovakian Army, the Romanian Army defeated Kun's troops and took Budapest, ousting his regime.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.810589790344238, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "On 4 June 1920, the Treaty of Trianon was signed, which established new borders for Hungary. Hungary lost 71% of its territory and 66% of its population. About one-third of the ethnic Hungarian population (3.4 of 10 million Hungarians) became minorities in neighboring countries. The new borders separated Hungary's industrial base from its sources of raw materials, and Hungary also lost its only sea port at Fiume (today Rijeka). The revision of the Treaty of Trianon rose to the top of Hungary's political agenda. Some wanted to restore the full pre-Trianon area, others only the ethnic Hungarian majority territories.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.04512882232666, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Rightist Hungarian military forces, led by the former Austro-Hungarian Admiral Miklós Horthy, entered Budapest in the wake of the Romanian Army's departure and filled the vacuum of state power. In January 1920, elections were held for a unicameral assembly. Admiral Horthy was elected Regent, thereby formally restoring the monarchy to Hungary. However, there would be no more kings of Hungary despite attempts by the former Habsburg ruler Charles IV to return to his former seat of power. Horthy ruled as Regent until 16 October 1944. Hungary remained a parliamentary democracy, but after 1932, autocratic tendencies gradually returned as a result of Nazi influence and the Great Depression.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.252686500549316, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "In 1943, after the Hungarian Second Army suffered extremely heavy losses at the River Don, the Hungarian government sought to negotiate a surrender with the Allies. On 19 March 1944, as a result of this duplicity, German troops occupied Hungary in what was known as Operation Margarethe. As the front reached Hungary, Miklós Horthy made a token effort to disengage Hungary from the war on 15 October 1944, but he was replaced by a puppet government under the pro-German Prime Minister Ferenc Szálasi of the Arrow Cross Party.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.697568893432617, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "During the Holocaust in Hungary and especially during the period of German occupation in May–June 1944, the fascist Arrow Cross Party and Hungarian police deported nearly 440,000 Jews, most to Auschwitz extermination camp, and nearly all were murdered. The Swedish Diplomat Raoul Wallenberg managed to save a considerable number of Hungarian Jews by giving them Swedish passports. Rudolf Kastner (original spelling Kasztner), one of the leaders of the Hungarian Aid and Rescue Committee, negotiated with senior SS officers such as Adolf Eichmann to allow a number of Jews to escape in exchange for money, gold, and diamonds. Other diplomats also organized false papers and safe houses for Jews in Budapest and hundreds of Hungarian people were executed by the Arrow Cross Party for sheltering Jews.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.779253959655762, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The war left Hungary devastated, destroying over 60% of the economy and causing significant loss of life. As many as 280,000 Hungarians were raped, murdered and executed or deported for slave labor by Czechoslovaks, Soviet Red Army troops, and Yugoslavs. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.999629974365234, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "On 13 February 1945, the Hungarian capital city surrendered unconditionally, two months later the last German troops were pushed out of Hungary, and the Soviet occupation was complete. After the war and by the agreement between the Czechoslovakian president Edvard Beneš and Joseph Stalin, expulsions of 200,000 Hungarians from Czechoslovakia and 70,000 Slovaks from Hungary started. 202,000 (two thirds) of the ethnic Germans were also expelled to Germany pursuant to article XIII of the Potsdam Protocol of 2 August 1945. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.942261695861816, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "All the territories regained with the Vienna Awards and during World War II were again lost by Hungary with the Paris Peace Treaty in 1947.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.263192176818848, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Following the fall of Nazi Germany, Soviet troops occupied the entire country with the goal of forming Hungary into a communist satellite state of the Soviet Union. The Soviet leadership selected Mátyás Rákosi to front the Stalinization of the country. As General Secretary of the Hungarian Communist Party and later of the Hungarian Working People's Party, he was the de facto ruler from 1949 to 1956. His government's policies of militarization, industrialization, collectivization, and war compensation led to a severe decline in living standards. In imitation of Stalin's KGB, the Rákosi government established a secret political police, the ÁVH, to enforce the new regime. The purges that followed saw approximately 350,000 officials and intellectuals imprisoned or executed from 1948 to 1956. Many freethinkers and democrats were secretly arrested and taken to inland or foreign Nazi concentration camps without any judicial sentence. According to some estimates some 600,000 Hungarians were deported to Soviet labor camps, and at least 200,000 died in captivity. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.030038833618164, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "After Stalin's death in 1953, the Soviet Union pursued a program of destalinization that was inimical to Rákosi, leading to his deposition from the premiership. The following political cooling saw the ascent of Imre Nagy to the premiership, and the growing interest of students and intellectuals in political life. Nagy promised market liberalization and political openness, while Rákosi opposed both vigorously. Rákosi eventually managed to discredit Nagy and replace him with the more hard-line Ernő Gerő. Hungary joined the Warsaw Pact in May 1955, as societal dissatisfaction with the regime swelled. Following the firing on peaceful demonstrations by Soviet soldiers and secret police, and rallies throughout the country on 23 October 1956, protesters took to the streets in Budapest, initiating the 1956 Revolution. In an effort to quell the chaos, the more liberal Nagy returned as premier, promised free elections, and took Hungary out of the Warsaw Pact.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.959024429321289, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The violence nonetheless continued, as revolutionary militias sprung up against the Soviet Army and the ÁVH; the roughly 3,000-strong resistance fought Soviet tanks using Molotov cocktails and machine-pistols. Though the preponderance of the Soviets was immense they suffered heavy losses, and by 30 October 1956 most Soviet troops had withdrawn from Budapest to garrison the Hungarian countryside. For a time, the Soviet leadership was unsure how to respond to developments in Hungary, but decided to intervene to prevent Hungary from breaking away from the Soviet bloc. On 4 November reinforcements of more than 150,000 troops and 2,500 tanks entered the country from the Soviet Union. Nearly 20,000 Hungarians were killed resisting the intervention, while an additional 21,600 were imprisoned afterwards for political reasons. Some 13,000 were interned and 230 brought to trial and executed. Nagy was captured, and was executed in 1958. Because borders had briefly been open, nearly a quarter of a million people had fled the country by the time the revolution was suppressed. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.445250511169434, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "This was followed in 1968 by the New Economic Mechanism (NEM), which introduced free-market elements into Socialist command economy. From the 1960s through the late 1980s, Hungary was often referred to as \"the happiest barrack\" within the Eastern bloc. During the latter part of the Cold War Hungary's GDP per capita was fourth only to East Germany, Czechoslovakia, and the Soviet Union itself. As a result of this relatively high standard of living, a more liberalised economy, a less censored press, and less restricted travel rights, Hungary was generally considered one of the more liberal countries in which to live in Central Europe during communism. In the 1980s, however, living standards steeply declined yet again due to a worldwide recession to which communism was unable to respond. By the time Kádár died in 1989, the Soviet Union was in steep decline and a younger generation of reformists saw liberalization as the solution to economic and social issues.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.610276222229004, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "In May 1989, Hungary began taking down its barbed wire fence along the Austrian border – the first tear in the Iron Curtain – and first free elections were held in 1990. In 1991 most state subsidies were removed, leading to a severe recession exacerbated by the fiscal austerity.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.613588333129883, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "In 1999, Hungary joined NATO and was immediately involved in the Yugoslav Wars. Hungary joined the European Union on 1 May 2004, following a 2003 national referendum where 85% voted in favor; negotiations had began in 1998.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.777580261230469, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The 2008 global financial crisis caused a severe recession in the economy of Hungary.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.091265678405762, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Phytogeographically, Hungary belongs to the Central European province of the Circumboreal Region within the Boreal Kingdom. According to the WWF, the territory of Hungary belongs to the ecoregion of Pannonian mixed forests.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.777972221374512, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary has 10 national parks, 145 minor nature reserves, and 35 landscape protection areas.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.316610336303711, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "File:Lake Balaton at Tihany, Hungary.jpg|Lake Balaton, the largest lake in Central Europe", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.160078048706055, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "File:Boldogkő Castle - view from the castle - Hungary.jpg|Zemplén Mountains view from Boldogkőváralja", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.888466835021973, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "File:Hortobágy River, Hungary 01.JPG|Hortobágy is the largest continuous natural grassland in Europe", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.882588386535645, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "File:Somló-hegy szőlőültetvény.JPG|Today Hungary has 22 designated wine regions, Somló is one of them.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.988462448120117, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Ungarn", "passage": "File:RedBio Treffen Ungarn Visegrad 01.JPG|The Danube Bend is a curve of the Danube near Visegrád.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.357068061828613, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "File:Balaton Hungary Landscape.jpg|Balaton Uplands National Park", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.898849487304688, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary has a continental climate, with hot summers with low overall humidity levels but frequent rainshowers and mildly cold snowy winters. Average annual temperature is . Temperature extremes are on 20 July 2007 at Kiskunhalas in the summer and on 16 February 1940 Miskolc-Görömbölytapolca in the winter. Average high temperature in the summer is 23 to and average low temperature in the winter is . The average yearly rainfall is approximately 600 mm. A small, southern region of the country near Pécs enjoys a reputation for a Mediterranean climate, but in reality it is only slightly warmer than the rest of the country and still receives snow during the winter.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.32482624053955, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary is ranked sixth in an environmental protection index by GW/CAN. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.556174278259277, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Since the fall of communism, Hungary has had a multi-party system. The current political landscape in Hungary is dominated by the conservative Fidesz, who have a near supermajority, and two medium-sized parties, the left-wing Hungarian Socialist Party (MSZP) and nationalist Jobbik.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.215719223022461, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The Military of Hungary, or \"Hungarian Armed Forces\", currently has two branches, the \"Hungarian Ground Force\" and the \"Hungarian Air Force\". The Hungarian Ground Force (or Army) is known as the \"Corps of Homeland Defenders\" (Honvédség). This term was originally used to refer to the revolutionary army established by Lajos Kossuth and the National Defence Committee of the Revolutionary Hungarian Diet in September 1848 during the Hungarian Revolution.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.341670036315918, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hussar: A type of irregular light horsemen was already well established by the 15th century in medieval Hungary. Hussar (huszár) refers to a number of types of light cavalry created in Hungary in the 15th century and used throughout Europe and even in America since the 18th century. Some modern military units retain the title 'hussar' for reasons of tradition.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.75292682647705, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "In 1997, Hungary spent about 123 billion HUF ($560 million) on defence. Hungary became a member of NATO on 12 March 1999. Hungary provided airbases and support for NATO's air campaign against Serbia and has provided military units to serve in Kosovo as part of the NATO-led KFOR operation. Hungary sent a 300-strong logistics unit to Iraq in order to help the US occupation with armed transport convoys, though public opinion opposed the country's participation in the war. One soldier was killed in action because of a roadside bomb in Iraq. The parliament refused to extend the one-year mandate of the logistics unit, and all troops had returned from Iraq by mid-January 2005.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.805294036865234, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "In a significant move for modernization, Hungary decided in 2001 to buy 14 JAS 39 Gripen fighter aircraft (the contract includes 2 dual-seater airplanes and 12 single-seaters as well as ground maintenance facilities, a simulator, and training for pilots and ground crews) for 210 billion HUF (about 800 million EUR). Five Gripens (3 single-seaters and 2 two-seaters) arrived in Kecskemét on 21 March 2006, expected to be transferred to the Hungarian Air Force on 30 March. 10 or 14 more aircraft of this type might follow up in the coming years.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.958683013916016, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "According to the 2014 Global Peace Index, Hungary is one of the world's most peaceful countries (21st on the list).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.097915649414062, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary has been a member of the United Nations since December 1955, and was a signatory to the Helsinki Final Act in 1975. Between 1947 and 1989, Hungary’s foreign policy generally followed the lead of the Soviet Union.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.217280387878418, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Since 1989, Hungary's top foreign policy goal has been achieving integration into Western economic and security organizations. Hungary joined the Partnership for Peace program in 1994 and has actively supported the IFOR and SFOR missions in Bosnia. Hungary was invited to join both the NATO and the European Union in 1997. It became a member of NATO in 1999, and a member of the EU in 2004. Hungary took on the presidency of the Council of the European Union for half a year in 2011.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.34065055847168, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary since 1989 has also improved its often frosty neighborly relations by signing basic treaties with Romania, Slovakia, and Ukraine. These renounce all outstanding territorial claims and lay the foundation for constructive relations. However, the issue of ethnic Hungarian minority rights in Romania, Slovakia and Serbia periodically causes bilateral tensions to flare up. Hungary since 1989 has signed all of the CSCE/OSCE documents, and served as the OSCE's chairman-in-Office in 1997. Hungary's record of implementing CSCE Helsinki Final Act provisions, including those on reunification of divided families, remains among the best in Central and Eastern Europe.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.900065422058105, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "In 2015, as a partial response to the European migrant crisis, a border fence was built on some of the southern borders of Hungary, which evoked international criticisms. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.047688484191895, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary is the largest electronics producer in Central and Eastern Europe. Electronics manufacturing and research are among the main drivers of innovation and economic growth in the country. In the past 20 years Hungary has also grown into a major center for mobile technology, information security, and related hardware research. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.743624687194824, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary is part of the European single market which represents more than 508 million consumers. Several domestic commercial policies are determined by agreements among European Union members and by EU legislation. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.63021183013916, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Large Hungarian companies are included in the BUX, the Hungarian stock market index listed on Budapest Stock Exchange. Well-known companies include the Fortune Global 500 firm MOL Group, the OTP Bank, Gedeon Richter, Magyar Telekom, CIG Pannonia, FHB Bank, Zwack Unicum and more. Besides this Hungary has large portion of specialised small and medium enterprise, for example a significant number of automotive suppliers and technology start ups among others. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.676569938659668, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary maintains its own currency, the Hungarian forint (HUF), although the economy fulfill the Maastricht criteria with the exception of public debt, but it is also significantly below the EU average with the level of 75.3% in 2015. The Hungarian National Bank—founded in 1924, after the dissolution of Austro-Hungarian Empire—is currently focusing on price stability with an inflation target of 3%. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.159456253051758, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary's achievements in science and technology have been significant and research and development efforts form an integral part of the country's economy. Hungary has been the home of some of the most prominent researchers in various scientific disciplines, notably physics, mathematics, chemistry and engineering. Scientific research in the country is supported partly by industry and partly by the state, through the network of Hungarian universities and by scientific state-institutions such as Hungarian Academy of Sciences. 13 Hungarian scientists have received the Nobel Prize. Until 2012 three individuals: Csoma, János Bolyai and Tihanyi were included in the UNESCO Memory of the world register as well as the collective contributions: Tabula Hungariae and Bibliotheca Corviniana. Contemporary, internationally well-known Hungarian scientists include: mathematician László Lovász, physicist Albert-László Barabási, physicist Ferenc Krausz, and biochemist Árpád Pusztai.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.793509483337402, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary is famous for its excellent mathematics education which has trained numerous outstanding scientists. Famous Hungarian mathematicians include father Farkas Bolyai and son János Bolyai, who was one of the founders of non-Euclidean geometry; Paul Erdős, famed for publishing in over forty languages and whose Erdős numbers are still tracked, and John von Neumann, a key contributor in the fields of quantum mechanics and game theory, a pioneer of digital computing, and the chief mathematician in the Manhattan Project. Many Hungarian scientists, including Erdős, von Neumann, Leó Szilárd, Eugene Wigner, Rudolf E. Kálmán, and Edward Teller emigrated to the US during the 20th century dictatorships.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.582783699035645, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary has a total length of approximately 1314 km motorways (). Motorway sections are being added to the existing network, which already connects many major economically important cities to the capital.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.582732200622559, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "There are five international airports in Hungary: Budapest Liszt Ferenc, Debrecen, Sármellék (also called Hévíz-Balaton Airport), Győr-Pér, and Pécs-Pogány. The national carrier, MALÉV, operated flights to over 60, mostly European cities, but ceased operations in 2012. Low-budget airline WizzAir is based in Hungary, at Ferihegy.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.521463394165039, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Education in Hungary is compulsory from 5 to 18 (16 for the students in grade 10 and below). At the age of six, pupils enter primary schools: the curriculum is divided into two phases of 4 years each. Afterward, they can choose between three different kinds of secondary education school: Grammar school (leading to academic higher education), secondary vocational school (leading to vocational higher education) and vocational school (leading to the world of work). The system is partly flexible and bridges exist (graduates from a vocational school can achieve a two years program to have access to vocational higher education for instance). ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.798151016235352, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The Hungarian higher education is a dual system, divided into colleges (that usually provide bachelor's degrees) and universities (that usually provide master's degrees). Hungary's higher education and training has been ranked 44 out of 148 countries in the Global competitiveness Report 2013/2014. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.471917152404785, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The world's first institute of technology was founded in Selmecbánya, Kingdom of Hungary (since 1920 Banská Štiavnica, now Slovakia) in 1735. Its legal successor is the University of Miskolc in Hungary. The Budapest University of Technology and Economics (BME) is considered the oldest institute of technology in the world with university rank and structure. Its legal predecessor the Institutum Geometrico-Hydrotechnicum was founded in 1782 by Emperor Joseph II.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.538644790649414, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The first steam engine of continental Europe was built in Újbánya – Köngisberg, Kingdom of Hungary (Today Nová Baňa Slovakia) in 1722. It was a Newcomen-type engine, used for pumping water from mines. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.673641204833984, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary's population was 9,937,628 in 2011. Population density stands at 107 inhabitants per square kilometre, which is about two times higher than the World average. More than one quarter of the population lived in the Budapest metropolitan area, 6,903,858 people (69.5%) in cities and towns overall. Like most other European countries, Hungary is experiencing sub-replacement fertility, with the total fertility rate (TFR) in 2015 estimated at 1.43 children born/woman, lower than the replacement rate of 2.1. This is leading to gradual population decline and rapid aging. In 2013, 45.6% of births were to unmarried women. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.649731636047363, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "According to the 2011 census, 9,896,333 people (99.6%) speak Hungarian, of whom 9,827,875 people (99%) speak it as a first language, while 68,458 people (0.7%) speak it as a second language. Hungarian is a Uralic language unrelated to any neighboring language and distantly related to Finnish and Estonian. English (1,589,180 speakers, 16.0%), and German (1,111,997 speakers, 11.2%) are the most widely spoken foreign languages, while there are several recognized minority languages in Hungary (Croatian, German, Romanian, Romani, Serbian, Slovak, Slovenian, and Ukrainian). ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.162636756896973, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "According to the 2011 census, there were 8,314,029 (83.7%) Hungarians, 308,957 (3.1%) Romani, 131,951 (1.3%) Germans, 29,647 (0.3%) Slovaks, 26,345 (0.3%) Romanians, and 23,561 (0.2%) Croats in Hungary. 1,455,883 people (14.7% of the total population) did not declare their ethnicity. Thus, Hungarians made up 98.0% of people which declared their ethnicity. In Hungary, people can declare more than one ethnicity, so the sum of ethnicities is higher than the total population. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.122698783874512, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary is a historically Christian country. Stephen I instituted Roman Catholicism as the official religion of the realm at its founding, and his successors were traditionally known as the Apostolic Kings. The Church in Hungary remained strong through the centuries, and the Archbishop of Esztergom (Esztergomi érsek) was granted extraordinary temporal privileges as prince-primate (hercegprímás) of Hungary. Although contemporary Hungary has no official religion, its constitution \"recognizes Christianity's nation-building role.\" The power to grant the officially recognized status of a church is vested in the legislature, and not the judiciary; this setup has been the subject of criticism. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.850391387939453, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "After 16th century and the Reformation, most Hungarians took up first Lutheranism, then soon afterwards Calvinism. In the second half of the 16th century, however, Jesuits led a successful campaign of counterreformation and the country once again became predominantly Catholic. Eastern parts of the country, especially around Debrecen (called \"the Calvinist Rome\"), retained strong Protestant communities. Orthodox Christianity in Hungary is associated with the country's ethnic minorities including the Romanians, Rusyns, Ukrainians, and Serbs.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.591415405273438, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Historically, Hungary was home to a significant Jewish community. Some Hungarian Jews were able to escape the Holocaust during World War II, but most (perhaps 550,000 ) either were deported to concentration camps, from which the majority did not return, or were murdered by the Hungarian Arrow Cross fascists. Because most deported Jews were from the countryside, Budapest is the center of Hungarian Jewish life today.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.673192024230957, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "According to new polls about Religiosity in the European Union in 2012 by Eurobarometer found that Christianity is the largest religion in Hungary accounting 71% of Hungarians. The question asked was \"Do you consider yourself to be...?\" With a card showing: Catholic, Orthodox, Protestant, Other Christian, Jewish, Muslim, Sikh, Buddhist, Hindu, Atheist, and Non-believer/Agnostic. Space was given for Other (SPONTANEOUS) and DK. Jewish, Sikh, Buddhist, Hindu did not reach the 1% threshold. Catholics are the largest Christian group in Hungary, accounting for 58% of Hungary citizens, while Protestants make up 7%, and Other Christian make up 6%. Non believer/Agnostic account 21%, Atheist account's 1%.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.532546043395996, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Notable architectural styles in Hungary include Historicism and Art Nouveau, or rather several variants of Art Nouveau. In contrast to Historicism, Hungarian Art Nouveau is based on the national architectural characteristics. Taking the eastern origins of the Hungarians into account, Ödön Lechner (1845–1914), the most important figure in Hungarian Art Nouveau, was initially inspired by Indian and Syrian architecture, and later by traditional Hungarian decorative designs. In this way, he created an original synthesis of architectural styles. By applying them to three-dimensional architectural elements, he produced a version of Art Nouveau that was specific to Hungary.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.515719413757324, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The music of Hungary consists mainly of traditional Hungarian folk music and music by prominent composers such as Liszt and Bartók, considered to be the greatest Hungarian composers . Other composers of international renown are Dohnányi, Franz Schmidt, Zoltán Kodály, Gabriel von Wayditch, Rudolf Wagner-Régeny, László Lajtha, Franz Lehár, Imre Kálmán, Sándor Veress and Rózsa. Hungarian traditional music tends to have a strong dactylic rhythm, as the language is invariably stressed on the first syllable of each word.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.257948875427246, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary also has a number of internationally renowned composers of contemporary classical music, György Ligeti, György Kurtág, Péter Eötvös, Zoltán Kodály and Zoltán Jeney among them. One of the greatest Hungarian composers, Béla Bartók, was also among the most significant musicians of the 20th century. His music was invigorated by the themes, modes, and rhythmic patterns of the Hungarian and neighboring folk music traditions he studied, which he synthesized with influences from his contemporaries into his own distinctive style .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.080443382263184, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "After the establishment of a music academy led by Ferenc Erkel and Franz Liszt Hungary produced an important number of art musicians:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.316091537475586, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "During the era of Communist rule in Hungary (1944–1989), a Song Committee scoured and censored popular music for traces of subversion and ideological impurity. Since then, however, the Hungarian music industry has begun to recover, producing successful performers in the fields of jazz such as trumpeter Rudolf Tomsits, pianist-composer Károly Binder and, in a modernized form of Hungarian folk, Ferenc Sebő and Márta Sebestyén. The three giants of Hungarian rock, Illés, Metró and Omega, remain very popular, especially Omega, which has followings in Germany and beyond as well as in Hungary. Older veteran underground bands such as Beatrice, from the 1980s, also remain popular.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.49065113067627, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "In the earliest times, Hungarian language was written in a runic-like script (although it was not used for literature purposes in the modern interpretation). The country switched to the Latin alphabet after being Christianized under the reign of Stephen I of Hungary (1000–1038).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.700523376464844, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Renaissance literature flourished under the reign of King Matthias (1458–1490). Janus Pannonius, although he wrote in Latin, counts as one of the most important persons in Hungarian literature, being the only significant Hungarian Humanist poet of the period. The first printing house was also founded during Matthias' reign, by András Hess, in Buda. The first book printed in Hungary was the Chronica Hungarorum.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.925919532775879, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungarian literature has recently gained some renown outside the borders of Hungary (mostly through translations into German, French and English). Some modern Hungarian authors have become increasingly popular in Germany and Italy especially Sándor Márai, Péter Esterházy, Péter Nádas and Imre Kertész. The latter is a contemporary Jewish writer who survived the Holocaust and won the Nobel Prize for literature in 2002.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.086040496826172, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The older classics of Hungarian literature and Hungarian poetry have remained almost totally unknown outside Hungary. János Arany, a famous 19th-century Hungarian poet, is still much loved in Hungary (especially his collection of Ballads), among several other \"true classics\" like Sándor Petőfi, the poet of the Revolution of 1848, Endre Ady, Mihály Babits, Dezső Kosztolányi, Attila József and János Pilinszky. Other well-known Hungarian authors are László Krasznahorkai, Ferenc Móra, Géza Gárdonyi, Zsigmond Móricz, Gyula Illyés, Albert Wass, Miklós Szentkuthy and Magda Szabó.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.57931137084961, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Pálinka: is a fruit brandy, distilled from fruit grown in the orchards situated on the Great Hungarian Plain. It is a spirit native to Hungary and comes in a variety of flavours including apricot (barack) and cherry (cseresznye). However, plum (szilva) is the most popular flavour. Beer: Beer goes well with many traditional Hungarian dishes. The five main Hungarian brands are: Borsodi, Soproni, Arany Ászok, Kõbányai, and Dreher.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.19544792175293, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungarian wine regions offer a great variety of styles: the main products of the country are elegant and full-bodied dry whites with good acidity, although complex sweet whites (Tokaj), elegant (Eger) and full-bodied robust reds (Villány and Szekszárd). The main varieties are: Olaszrizling, Hárslevelű, Furmint, Pinot gris or Szürkebarát, Chardonnay (whites), Kékfrankos (or Blaufrankisch in German), Kadarka, Portugieser, Zweigelt, Cabernet sauvignon, Cabernet franc and Merlot. The most famous wines from Hungary are Tokaji Aszú and Egri Bikavér .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.075613975524902, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Because of an advantageous geographical location, good quality thermal water can be found in great quantities on over 80% of Hungary's territory. Approximately 1,500 thermal springs can be found in Hungary (more than 100 just in the Capital area). There are approximately 450 public baths in Hungary.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.684945106506348, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The Romans heralded the first age of spas in Hungary. The remains of their bath complexes are still to be seen in Óbuda. Spa culture was revived during the Turkish Invasion and the thermal springs of Buda were used for the construction of a number of bathhouses, some of which such as (Király Baths, Rudas Baths) are still functioning.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.949722290039062, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "In Hungary proper, Sárköz in Transdanubia and the Matyóföld in the Great Hungarian Plain produce the finest embroideries. In the Sárköz region the women's caps show black and white designs as delicate as lace, and give evidence of the people's wonderfully subtle artistic feeling. The embroidery motifs applied to women's wear have also been transposed to tablecloths and runners suitable for modern use as wall decorations.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.551285743713379, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Founded in 1826, Herend Porcelain is one of the world's largest ceramic factories, specializing in luxury hand painted and gilded porcelain. In the mid-19th century it was purveyor to the Habsburg Dynasty and aristocratic customers throughout Europe. Many of its classic patterns are still in production. After the fall of communism in Hungary the factory was privatised and is now 75% owned by its management and workers, exporting to over 60 countries of the world. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.045276641845703, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The Zsolnay factory was established by Miklós Zsolnay in Pécs, Hungary, to produce stoneware and ceramics in 1853. In 1863, his son, Vilmos Zsolnay (1828–1900) joined the company and became its manager and director after several years. He led the factory to worldwide recognition by demonstrating its innovative products at world fairs and international exhibitions, including the 1873 World Fair in Vienna, then at the 1878 World Fair in Paris, where Zsolnay received a Grand Prix.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.248265266418457, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary has the third-highest number of Olympic medals per capita and second-highest number of gold medals per capita in the world. Only seven countries (United States, USSR/Russia, United Kingdom, France, China, Italy and Germany) have won more Olympic medals than Hungary. With a total of 476 medals in Olympiads of the modern era, Hungary ranks eighth out of 211 participating nations.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.269737243652344, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary has historically excelled in Olympic water sports. In water polo the Hungarian team is the leading medal winner by a significant margin and in swimming Hungarian men are fourth most successful overall, while the women are eighth most successful overall. They have also seen success in canoe.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.611166000366211, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Some of the world's best sabre athletes have historically hailed from Hungary. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.8626708984375, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary has remarkable football history, having won three Olympic titles, finishing runners-up in the 1938 and 1954 FIFA World Cups, and third in the 1964 UEFA European Football Championship. Hungary revolutionized the sport in the 1950s, laying the tactical fundamentals of Total Football and dominating international football with the remarkable Aranycsapat (\"Golden Team\"), which included legends like Ferenc Puskás, top goalscorer of the 20th century, to whom FIFA dedicated its newest award, the Puskás Award. The side of that era has the second all-time highest Football Elo Ranking in the world, with 2166, and one of the longest undefeated runs in football history, remaining unbeaten in 31 games spanning more than four years, and including matches such as the Match of the Century.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.204803466796875, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The post-golden age decades saw a gradually weakening Hungary, though recently there is renewal in all aspects. The Hungarian Children's Football Federation was founded in 2008, as youth development thrives. For the first time in Hungarian football's history, they hosted the 2010 UEFA Futsal Championship in Budapest and Debrecen, the first time the MLSZ staged a UEFA finals tournament. Also, the national teams have produced some surprise successes such as beating Euro 2004 winner Greece 3–2 and 2006 FIFA World Cup winner Italy 3–1. Although they have not qualified for a major tournament's finals since 1986, they came semi-finalists at the 2008 European Under-19 Championship and qualified for the 2009 FIFA U-20 World Cup which saw their U-20 national team gaining third place to bring home Hungary's first major tournament medal in nearly half a century, feeding their hopes of a future revival.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.467108726501465, "source": "wiki", "title": "Hungary" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Political stability and unity were no more apparent among the Catholic Balkan Christians than among the Orthodox. The Croats established their own kingdom in the 10th century under Tomislav but in 1102 agreed to become part of the Hungarian monarchy. In the 14th century there was a short-lived Bosnian kingdom under the Kotromanić dynasty , but it also joined Hungary—even though Bosnia was less Catholic in its composition because many Bogomil heretics had taken refuge there.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.85332202911377, "source": "search", "title": "Balkans | Britannica.com" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The devşirme was last levied in the 17th century, by which time the Ottoman Empire was in irreversible decline. After repelling a second attempt to take Vienna in 1683, the Austrians and then the Russians began to push back the sultan’s frontiers. Following the Treaty of Carlowitz in 1699, Hungary, Croatia-Slavonia, and Transylvania reverted to the Habsburg crown, and, with the Treaty of Passarowitz in 1718, Austria regained the Banat of Temesvár . Immediately thereafter the Austrians invited the Serbs, who had been their recent allies, to settle in the border areas of the Habsburg lands as frontier guards; in return, the Serbs were allowed religious freedom. The Austrian Militärgrenze, or “Military Frontier,” thus took the momentous step of introducing Orthodox Serbs into Catholic Croatian and Hungarian territory. Meanwhile, the Ottomans suffered further defeats throughout the 18th century. Through the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca (1774), Russia exacted a promise of free navigation on the Danube and insisted on the right to protect Orthodox Christians in the empire.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.229907035827637, "source": "search", "title": "Balkans | Britannica.com" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "EUROPA - Hungary | European Union website, the official EU website", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.6543607711792, "source": "search", "title": "Hungary - European Union website, the official EU website ..." }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The most important sectors of Hungary’s economy in 2015 were industry (27.4 %), wholesale and retail trade, transport, accommodation and food services (18.3 %) and public administration, defence, education, human health and social work activities (17.6 %).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.830816268920898, "source": "search", "title": "Hungary - European Union website, the official EU website ..." }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary’s main export partners are Germany, Romania and Slovakia, while its main import partners are Germany, China and Austria.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.933356285095215, "source": "search", "title": "Hungary - European Union website, the official EU website ..." }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary has held the revolving  presidency of the Council of the EU  once in 2011.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.319784164428711, "source": "search", "title": "Hungary - European Union website, the official EU website ..." }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "European Parliament office in Hungary", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.961065292358398, "source": "search", "title": "Hungary - European Union website, the official EU website ..." }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The Commissioner nominated by Hungary to the European Commission is Tibor Navracsics , who is responsible for Education, Culture, Youth and Sport.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.970016479492188, "source": "search", "title": "Hungary - European Union website, the official EU website ..." }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Commission representation in Hungary", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.896283149719238, "source": "search", "title": "Hungary - European Union website, the official EU website ..." }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary has  12 representatives  on the  European Economic and Social Committee . This advisory body – representing employers, workers and other interest groups – is consulted on proposed laws, to get a better idea of the possible changes to work and social situations in member countries.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.607965469360352, "source": "search", "title": "Hungary - European Union website, the official EU website ..." }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary has  12 representatives  on the  Committee of the Regions , the EU's assembly of regional and local representatives. This advisory body is consulted on proposed laws, to ensure these laws take account of the perspective from each region of the EU.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.165815353393555, "source": "search", "title": "Hungary - European Union website, the official EU website ..." }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary also communicates with the EU institutions through its  permanent representation  in Brussels. As Hungary's \"embassy to the EU\", its main task is to ensure that the country's interests and policies are pursued as effectively as possible in the EU.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.033212661743164, "source": "search", "title": "Hungary - European Union website, the official EU website ..." }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "How much does Hungary contribute and receive?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.137258529663086, "source": "search", "title": "Hungary - European Union website, the official EU website ..." }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Breakdown of Hungary’s finances with the EU in 2015: ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.883474349975586, "source": "search", "title": "Hungary - European Union website, the official EU website ..." }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Total EU spending in Hungary – € 5.629 billion", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.506246566772461, "source": "search", "title": "Hungary - European Union website, the official EU website ..." }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Sail on through the picturesque Austrian views before heading to the heart of Hungary. Spanning both banks of the Danube, Budapest is Eastern Europe's liveliest and most cosmopolitan metropolis. Seven bridges, including the famous Chain and Elisabeth Bridges, connect ancient Buda on the right bank with Pest on the left. The massive hilltop castle complex with Fisherman's Bastion and the Matthias Church is among the many sights of Budapest that impress and excite.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.777788162231445, "source": "search", "title": "The Danube River - Avalon Waterways®" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "South of Budapest, the quiet town of Kalocsa, Hungary, was founded by St. Stephen in 1009. The Archbishop's Palace and the Kalocsa Cathedral are must-see sights in this town that is most known for paprika and folklore art.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.483733177185059, "source": "search", "title": "The Danube River - Avalon Waterways®" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "22.3. What large river in Eastern Europe passes through Vienna, Austria, and Budapest, Hungary?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.382060050964355, "source": "search", "title": "Quia - DG Final Exam Weeks 17-24 - (copy)" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "In the High to Late Middle Ages, from the Black Sea coastal areas through the mountainous central, and to the western borders of what is now modern-day Hungary and Serbia , Romania was occupied by an assortment of nomadic peoples.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.311039924621582, "source": "search", "title": "Romania Map / Geography of Romania / Map of Romania ..." }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Near the end of the 17th century, a league of factions (including the Hapsburg) organized by Pope Innocent XI, was sent to free Hungary from Ottoman rule and reinstate the Catholic Church. That effort stretched into Romania, and in 1699, Transylvania became a territory of the Habsburgs' Austrian empire.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.406704902648926, "source": "search", "title": "Romania Map / Geography of Romania / Map of Romania ..." }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "After the failed 1848 Revolution, Romanians wanted to form a single state, but that struggle was squelched by the Austria - Hungary empire, as it kept the Romanians firmly in control, even in parts of Transylvania where Romanians constituted a local majority.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.819366455078125, "source": "search", "title": "Romania Map / Geography of Romania / Map of Romania ..." }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "EUROPA - Hungary | European Union website, the official EU website", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.6543607711792, "source": "search", "title": "EUROPA - Hungary in the EU" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The most important sectors of Hungary’s economy in 2015 were industry (27.4 %), wholesale and retail trade, transport, accommodation and food services (18.3 %) and public administration, defence, education, human health and social work activities (17.6 %).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.830816268920898, "source": "search", "title": "EUROPA - Hungary in the EU" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary’s main export partners are Germany, Romania and Slovakia, while its main import partners are Germany, China and Austria.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.933356285095215, "source": "search", "title": "EUROPA - Hungary in the EU" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary has held the revolving  presidency of the Council of the EU  once in 2011.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.319784164428711, "source": "search", "title": "EUROPA - Hungary in the EU" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "European Parliament office in Hungary", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.961065292358398, "source": "search", "title": "EUROPA - Hungary in the EU" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "The Commissioner nominated by Hungary to the European Commission is Tibor Navracsics , who is responsible for Education, Culture, Youth and Sport.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.970016479492188, "source": "search", "title": "EUROPA - Hungary in the EU" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Commission representation in Hungary", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.896283149719238, "source": "search", "title": "EUROPA - Hungary in the EU" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary has  12 representatives  on the  European Economic and Social Committee . This advisory body – representing employers, workers and other interest groups – is consulted on proposed laws, to get a better idea of the possible changes to work and social situations in member countries.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.607965469360352, "source": "search", "title": "EUROPA - Hungary in the EU" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary has  12 representatives  on the  Committee of the Regions , the EU's assembly of regional and local representatives. This advisory body is consulted on proposed laws, to ensure these laws take account of the perspective from each region of the EU.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.165815353393555, "source": "search", "title": "EUROPA - Hungary in the EU" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Hungary also communicates with the EU institutions through its  permanent representation  in Brussels. As Hungary's \"embassy to the EU\", its main task is to ensure that the country's interests and policies are pursued as effectively as possible in the EU.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.033210754394531, "source": "search", "title": "EUROPA - Hungary in the EU" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "How much does Hungary contribute and receive?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.137259483337402, "source": "search", "title": "EUROPA - Hungary in the EU" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Breakdown of Hungary’s finances with the EU in 2015: ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.883478164672852, "source": "search", "title": "EUROPA - Hungary in the EU" }, { "answer": "Hungary", "passage": "Total EU spending in Hungary – € 5.629 billion", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.506246566772461, "source": "search", "title": "EUROPA - Hungary in the EU" } ]

[ { "answer": "Shannon", "passage": "* The River Shannon's overall length (to Loop Head), using the Boyle River's furthest source, is , making the Boyle-Shannon river the longest natural stream flow (source to sea) in Ireland, 31.6 km (19.5 ml) longer than the Shannon Pot source.", "precise_score": 2.445427656173706, "rough_score": 4.141726493835449, "source": "wiki", "title": "List of rivers of Ireland" }, { "answer": "Shannon", "passage": "The lowland is drained by numerous slow- flowing streams, the largest of which is the River Shannon, 340 km in length. In its middle course this river broadens into a number of attractive lakes but as it approaches the sea its gradient steepens. This is the location of Ireland's earliest hydro-electric power scheme. The main rivers draining eastwards are the Lagan, which flows into Belfast Lough, the Liffey, with Dublin at its mouth, and the Slaney, which enters the sea at Wexford. In the south of Ireland the long east-west synclinal valleys are occupied by such rivers as the Suir, the Lee and the Blackwater which reach the coast by making right-angled turns to pass southwards through the sandstone ridges in narrow gorge-like valleys.", "precise_score": 5.680721759796143, "rough_score": 3.6247057914733887, "source": "search", "title": "Ireland-Information: An Outline Geography of Ireland" }, { "answer": "Shannon", "passage": "The longest river in Ireland is the river Shannon whose source is Shannon Pot, county Cavan, and which enters the sea between counties Clare and Limerick after a journey of 386 km (240 miles). It is, in fact, the longest river in the British Isles. The longest river within Northern Ireland is the river Bann, whose source is in the Mourne Mountains, county Down and which enters the sea in county Londonderry after 122 km (76 miles).", "precise_score": 4.302124500274658, "rough_score": 5.152180194854736, "source": "search", "title": "Ireland Geographical Facts, Figures and Physical Extremities" }, { "answer": "Shannon", "passage": "* The length of the River Shannon from the Shannon Pot to Limerick City is 258 km with a basin area of 11,700 km2.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.777755737304688, "source": "wiki", "title": "List of rivers of Ireland" }, { "answer": "Shannon", "passage": "* The River Shannon's overall length (to Loop Head), using the Owenmore River (Glangevlin) as source, is 372 km, 11 km (7 ml) longer than the Shannon Pot source.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.410738945007324, "source": "wiki", "title": "List of rivers of Ireland" }, { "answer": "Shannon", "passage": "* The River Shannon is a traditional freshwater river for just about 45% of its total length. Excluding the tidal estuary from its total length of 224 mi, if one also excludes the lakes (L. Derg 24 mi, L. Ree 18 mi, L. Allen 7 mi plus L. Boderg, L. Bofin, L. Forbes, L. Corry) from the Shannon's freshwater flow of , the Shannon as a freshwater river is only about 100 mi long.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.466667175292969, "source": "wiki", "title": "List of rivers of Ireland" }, { "answer": "Shannon", "passage": "* The total length of the Ulster Blackwater from its source to the sea via L. Neagh and the Lower Bann is 186.3 km (115.75 mi), surpassed, in Ireland, only by the Shannon and Barrow rivers. This is the longest stream flow (source to sea) in Ulster. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.6342051029205322, "source": "wiki", "title": "List of rivers of Ireland" }, { "answer": "Shannon", "passage": "* River Shannon 224 mi — longest river on the island. Develops into Lough Allen, Lough Bofin, Lough Ree and Lough Derg along its course.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.181376338005066, "source": "wiki", "title": "List of rivers of Ireland" }, { "answer": "Shannon", "passage": "a The River Shannon's 209 m3/s is to Limerick City (Catchment area: 11,700 km2). If the discharges from all of the rivers and streams into the Shannon Estuary (including the rivers Feale 34.6m3/s, Maigue 15.6m3/s, Fergus 25.7m3/s, and Deel 7.4m3/s) are added to the discharge at Limerick giving a total catchment of 16,865 km2, the total discharge of the River Shannon at its mouth at Loop Head reaches 300 m3/s", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.811580657958984, "source": "wiki", "title": "List of rivers of Ireland" }, { "answer": "Shannon", "passage": "The heart of the country is a limestone- floored lowland bounded on the south by the Armorican ridges and on the north and west by the Caledonian mountains. This lowland is open to the Irish Sea for a distance of 90 km between the Wicklow Mountains and the Carlingford peninsula, giving easy access to the country from the east. It also extends westwards to reach the Atlantic Ocean along the Shannon Estuary, in Galway Bay, in Clew Bay and again in Donegal Bay. Numerous hills break the monotony of the lowland which rises westward towards the coast in County Clare where it terminates in the cliffs of Moher, one of the finest lines of cliff scenery in Western Europe.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.783609390258789, "source": "search", "title": "Ireland-Information: An Outline Geography of Ireland" }, { "answer": "Shannon", "passage": "Even quite small village-like settlements are basically service centres providing shopping facilities for the rural community. The larger towns are also service centres but, in addition, usually have industrial, administrative and commercial functions. The main concentration of towns is in the east and south of the country and all of the larger centres grew up as ports. Dublin (city and county population 1,021,449), the focus of the roads and railways, is situated where the central lowland reaches eastwards to the Irish Sea. It is the chief commercial, industrial, administrative, educational and cultural centre. Cork city (127,000) has traditionally been associated with the processing and marketing of agricultural products but it benefits also from the presence of large-scale industrial development around its outer harbour and the use of natural gas from the offshore Kinsale field. Waterford (40,000), Dundalk (26,000) and Drogheda (24,000) are smaller regional centres with industrial functions. On the west coast, the main city is Limerick (52,000), which is located at the lowest crossing place on the river Shannon. It shares in the prosperity of the Shannon Industrial Estate but its harbour facilities are now little used, though significant port and industrial activities are developing westwards along the Shannon estuary. Other significant western urban centres are Galway (51,000) and Sligo (17,000).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.748172760009766, "source": "search", "title": "Ireland-Information: An Outline Geography of Ireland" }, { "answer": "Shannon", "passage": "Ireland is dependent on imported fuels for the major part of its energy supply but the policy has been to utilise native resources to the maximum in the generation of electricity. The first major development was the ambitious Shannon hydroelectric scheme in the 1920s, followed by harnessing of the Rivers Liffey, Erne, Lee and Clady in the 1940s and 1950s. There is a pumped storage plant in the Wicklow Mountains. Eleven medium to small peat-fired power stations had begun production by the early 1960s, mainly in the midlands. Electricity is also generated from Kinsale natural gas in the Cork Harbour area and in Dublin.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.3970854580402374, "source": "search", "title": "Ireland-Information: An Outline Geography of Ireland" }, { "answer": "Shannon", "passage": "Most of the power stations using indigenous resources are at inland locations but all those based on imported fuels have coastal sites and are generally of much larger size. Production at these stations was initially from coal but later principally from oil. Location had been mainly adjacent to the largest urban markets for electricity in Dublin and Belfast but other sheltered, deep-water sites have been used near Larne in County Antrim and on Lough Foyle, the Shannon Estuary and Waterford Harbour. There is a large coal-fired power station at Moneypoint on the Clare shore of the Shannon estuary.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.741086483001709, "source": "search", "title": "Ireland-Information: An Outline Geography of Ireland" }, { "answer": "Shannon", "passage": "External air and sea links are vital to Ireland because of its island location. Almost all the goods traffic and substantial passenger movement goes by sea. The principal ports are on the east and south coasts, most of the traffic being through Larne, Belfast, Dublin, Dun Laoghaire, Rosslare, Waterford and Cork. The main international airports are at Dublin, Belfast, Shannon and Cork. Air services operate to the principal British cities and to mainland European countries, with the main role of Shannon being in transatlantic traffic. The considerable expansion in air transport is reflected in the growth of the national airline, Aer Lingus, which carries more than four million passengers annually.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.369504928588867, "source": "search", "title": "Ireland-Information: An Outline Geography of Ireland" }, { "answer": "Shannon", "passage": "Attempts have been made to counteract regional imbalance since the 1950s, at first focusing exclusively on the west but later promoting western development within a broader regional planning framework. The Irish-speaking Gaeltacht areas have been particularly favoured in welfare promotion. The major initial incentive was the allocation of direct state grants to manufacturing firms locating in the west, and although grant provision was later extended to all parts, a differential was maintained in favour of western areas. The largest manufacturing concentration of this type is at Shannon, where an industrial estate was developed as part of a plan to promote traffic through the airport. While manufacturing remained the spearhead of regional policy, development efforts in other sectors assumed an increasing regional dimension, as in agriculture, forestry, fishing and tourism. Some decentralisation of government administration has been introduced. In recent years there has been a growing realisation of the role which service industries could play in regional development.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.694245338439941, "source": "search", "title": "Ireland-Information: An Outline Geography of Ireland" } ]

[ { "answer": "7", "passage": "Since the completion of the German Rhine–Main–Danube Canal in 1992, the river has been part of a trans-European waterway from Rotterdam on the North Sea to Sulina on the Black Sea, a distance of 3500 km. In 1994 the Danube was declared one of ten Pan-European transport corridors, routes in Central and Eastern Europe that required major investment over the following ten to fifteen years. The amount of goods transported on the Danube increased to about 100 million tons in 1987. In 1999, transport on the river was made difficult by the NATO bombing of three bridges in Serbia during the Kosovo War. Clearance of the resulting debris was completed in 2002, and a temporary pontoon bridge that hampered navigation was removed in 2005.", "precise_score": 0.6071951985359192, "rough_score": -2.0186545848846436, "source": "wiki", "title": "Danube" }, { "answer": "Seven", "passage": "The Danube Commission is concerned with the maintenance and improvement of the river's navigation conditions. It was established in 1948 by seven countries bordering the river. Members include representatives from Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Germany, Hungary, Moldova, Slovakia, Romania, Russia, Ukraine, and Serbia, It meets regularly twice a year. It also convenes groups of experts to consider items provided for in the commission's working plans.", "precise_score": 4.47918701171875, "rough_score": -0.6634287238121033, "source": "wiki", "title": "Danube" }, { "answer": "7", "passage": "The Danube River flows for a total of 1,770 miles, making it the European Union's longest river and the European continent's second longest river after the Volga. This river passes through many important cities, including four national capitals: Vienna, Austria; Bratislava, Slovakia; Budapest, Hungary; and Belgrade, Serbia. The Danube's drainage basin covers an area of 315,000 square miles and extends into several more countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Czech Republic, Slovenia, Montenegro, Switzerland, Italy, Poland, the Republic of Macedonia and Albania.", "precise_score": 7.151543140411377, "rough_score": 4.124904155731201, "source": "search", "title": "Through what countries does the Danube River flow ..." }, { "answer": "7", "passage": "Danube River, German Donau, Slovak Dunaj, Hungarian Duna, Serbo-Croatian and Bulgarian Dunav, Romanian Dunărea, Ukrainian Dunay , river , the second longest in Europe after the Volga . It rises in the Black Forest mountains of western Germany and flows for some 1,770 miles (2,850 km) to its mouth on the Black Sea . Along its course it passes through 10 countries: Germany, Austria , Slovakia , Hungary , Croatia , Serbia , Bulgaria , Romania , Moldova , and Ukraine .", "precise_score": 7.022370338439941, "rough_score": 1.2762696743011475, "source": "search", "title": "Danube River | river, Europe | Britannica.com" }, { "answer": "7", "passage": "The Danube River flows through four major capital cities in Central Europe during its 1,777 mile journey from its source in Germany to the Black Sea. It flows through Vienna, capital of Austria, Budapest, the capital of Hungary, Bratislava, the capital of Slovakia and Belgrade, capital of Serbia.", "precise_score": 5.3150482177734375, "rough_score": -0.20283415913581848, "source": "search", "title": "The Danube river flows through what three capitals? - Snippets" }, { "answer": "7", "passage": "Once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire, the river passes through or touches the borders of 10 countries: Romania (29.0% of basin area), Hungary (11.6%), Serbia (10.2%), Austria (10.0%), Germany (7.0%), Bulgaria (5.9%), Slovakia (5.9%), Croatia (4.4%), Ukraine (3.8%), and Moldova (1.6%). Its drainage basin extends into nine more.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.2738609313964844, "source": "wiki", "title": "Danube" }, { "answer": "7", "passage": "There are three artificial waterways built on the Danube: the Danube-Tisa-Danube Canal (DTD) in the Banat and Bačka regions (Vojvodina, northern province of Serbia); the 64 km Danube-Black Sea Canal, between Cernavodă and Constanța (Romania) finished in 1984, shortens the distance to the Black Sea by 400 km; the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal is about 171 km, finished in 1992, linking the North Sea to the Black Sea.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.599438428878784, "source": "wiki", "title": "Danube" }, { "answer": "7", "passage": "Under the Romans the Danube formed the border of the Empire with the tribes to the north almost from its source to its mouth. At the same time it was a route for the transport of troops and the supply of settlements downstream. From AD 37 to the reign of the Emperor Valentinian I. (364–375) the Danubian Limes was the northeastern border of the Empire, with occasional interruptions such as the fall of the Danubian Limes in 259. The crossing of the Danube into Dacia was achieved by the Imperium Romanum, first in two battles in 102 and then in 106 after the construction of a bridge in 101 near the garrison town of Drobeta at the Iron Gate. This victory over Dacia under Decebalus enabled the Province of Dacia to be created, but in 271 it was lost again.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.116415023803711, "source": "wiki", "title": "Danube" }, { "answer": "7", "passage": "Between the late 14th and late 19th centuries, the Ottoman Empire competed first with the Kingdom of Hungary and later with the Austrian Habsburgs for controlling the Danube (Turks call it Tuna), which formed the northern border of the Ottoman Empire for centuries. Many of the Ottoman–Hungarian Wars (1366–1526) and Ottoman–Habsburg wars (1526–1791) were fought along the river.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.036382675170898, "source": "wiki", "title": "Danube" }, { "answer": "7", "passage": "The most important wars of the Ottoman Empire along the Danube include the Battle of Nicopolis (1396), the Siege of Belgrade (1456), the Battle of Mohács (1526), the first Turkish Siege of Vienna (1529), the Siege of Esztergom (1543), the Long War (1591–1606), the Battle of Vienna (1683), the Great Turkish War (1683–1699), the Crimean War (1853–1856) and the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.884624481201172, "source": "wiki", "title": "Danube" }, { "answer": "7", "passage": "The Upper Danube ecoregion alone has about 60 fish species and the Lower Danube–Dniester ecoregion has about twice as many.Hales, J. (2013). [http://www.feow.org/ecoregions/details/417 Upper Danube]. Freshwater Ecoregions of the World. Retrieved 25 February 2013. Among these are an exceptionally high diversity of sturgeon, a total of six species (beluga, Russian sturgeon, bastard sturgeon, sterlet, starry sturgeon and European sea sturgeon), but these are all threatened and have largely–or entirely in the case of the European sea sturgeon–disappeared from the river. The huchen, one of the largest species of salmon, is endemic to the Danube basin, but has been introduced elsewhere by humans. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.6501784324646, "source": "wiki", "title": "Danube" }, { "answer": "7", "passage": "Also, leisure and travel cruises on the river are of significance. Besides the often frequented route between Vienna and Budapest, some ships even go from Passau in Germany to the Danube Delta and back. During the peak season, more than 70 cruise liners are in use on the river, while the traffic-free upper parts can only be discovered with canoes or boats.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.154807090759277, "source": "wiki", "title": "Danube" }, { "answer": "7", "passage": "#Budapest–Black Sea (1670 km)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.306360244750977, "source": "wiki", "title": "Danube" }, { "answer": "7", "passage": "The Danube played a vital role in the settlement and political evolution of central and southeastern Europe. Its banks, lined with castles and fortresses, formed the boundary between great empires, and its waters served as a vital commercial highway between nations. The river’s majesty has long been celebrated in music. The famous waltz An der schönen, blauen Donau (1867; The Blue Danube ), by Johann Strauss the Younger , became the symbol of imperial Vienna. In the 21st century the river has continued its role as an important trade artery. It has been harnessed for hydroelectric power, particularly along the upper courses, and the cities along its banks—including the national capitals of Vienna (Austria), Budapest (Hungary), and Belgrade (Serbia)—have depended upon it for their economic growth.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.7088894844055176, "source": "search", "title": "Danube River | river, Europe | Britannica.com" }, { "answer": "7", "passage": "The Danube’s vast drainage of some 315,000 square miles (817,000 square km) includes a variety of natural conditions that affect the origins and the regimes of its watercourses. They favour the formation of a branching, dense, deepwater river network that includes some 300 tributaries, more than 30 of which are navigable. The river basin expands unevenly along its length. It covers about 18,000 square miles (47,000 square km) at the Inn confluence , 81,000 square miles (210,000 square km) after joining with the Drava , and 228,000 square miles (590,000 square km) below the confluences of its most affluent tributaries, the Sava and the Tisza . In the lower course the basin’s rate of growth decreases. More than half of the entire Danube basin is drained by its right-bank tributaries, which collect their waters from the Alps and other mountain areas and contribute up to two-thirds of the total river runoff or outfall.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.6802918910980225, "source": "search", "title": "Danube River | river, Europe | Britannica.com" }, { "answer": "7", "passage": "The temperature of the river waters depends on the climate of the various parts of the basin. In the upper course, where the summer waters derive from the Alpine snow and glaciers, the water temperature is low. In the middle and lower reaches, summer temperatures vary between 71 and 75 °F (22 and 24 °C), while winter temperatures near the banks and on the surface drop below freezing. Upstream from Linz the Danube never freezes entirely, because the current is turbulent. The middle and lower courses, however, become icebound during severe winters. Between December and March, periods of ice drift combine with the spring thaw, causing floating ice blocks to accumulate at the river islands, jamming the river’s course, and often creating major floods.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.766176223754883, "source": "search", "title": "Danube River | river, Europe | Britannica.com" }, { "answer": "7", "passage": "During the 7th century bce, Greek sailors reached the lower Danube and sailed upstream, conducting a brisk trade. They were familiar with the whole of the river’s lower course and named it the Ister. The Danube later served as the northern boundary of the vast Roman Empire and was called the Danuvius. A Roman fleet patrolled its waters, and the strongholds along its shores were the centres of settlements, among them Vindobona (later Vienna), Aquincum (later Budapest), Singidunum (later Belgrade), and Sexantaprista (later Ruse).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.084556579589844, "source": "search", "title": "Danube River | river, Europe | Britannica.com" }, { "answer": "7", "passage": "During the Middle Ages the old fortresses continued to play an important role, and new castles such as Werfenstein, built by Charlemagne in the 9th century, were erected. When the Ottoman Empire spread from southeastern to central Europe in the 15th century, the Turks relied upon the string of fortresses along the Danube for defense. The Habsburg dynasty recognized the navigational potential of the Danube. Maria Theresa , queen of Hungary and Bohemia from 1740 to 1780, founded a department to oversee river navigation, and in 1830 a riverboat made a first trip from Vienna to Budapest, possibly for trading purposes. That trip marked the end of the river’s importance as a line of defense and the beginning of its use as a channel of trade.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.152816772460938, "source": "search", "title": "Danube River | river, Europe | Britannica.com" }, { "answer": "7", "passage": "Regulated navigation on the Danube has been the subject of a number of international agreements. In 1616 an Austro-Turkish treaty was signed in Belgrade under which the Austrians were granted the right to navigate the middle and lower Danube. In 1774, under the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca , Russia was allowed to use the lower Danube. The Anglo-Austrian and the Russo-Austrian conventions of 1838 and 1840, respectively, promoted free navigation along the entire river, a principle that was more precisely formulated in the Treaty of Paris of 1856, which also set up the first Danubian Commission with the aim of supervising the river as an international waterway. In 1921 and 1923, final approval of the Danube River Statute was granted by Austria, Germany, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Romania, Great Britain, Italy , Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Greece. The international Danube Commission was thus established as an authoritative institution with wide powers, including its own flag, the right to levy taxes, and diplomatic immunity for its members. It controlled navigation from the town of Ulm to the Black Sea and kept navigational equipment in good repair.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.655547142028809, "source": "search", "title": "Danube River | river, Europe | Britannica.com" }, { "answer": "Seven", "passage": "One-third of the Danube’s total length is in Hungary; Hungary’s capital, Budapest, is often called “the Queen of the Danube.” From the water on a cruise, the city is particularly spectacular at night, with lights illuminating Budapest’s Chain Bridge, Parliament Building and other famous structures. The waterway is also a major artery in Austria, with ports at Regensburg, Passau, Linz, Melk and Vienna. The river is quite scenic, featuring the Iron Gate, where it flows through a gorge that forms part of the boundary between Serbia and Romania, and the picturesque Wachau wine valley near Melk, Austria. The Wachau Valley is renowned not only for its natural beauty but also for its widely praised Riesling and Veltiner wines. Though ruggedly beautiful, the Iron Gate is naturally a very dangerous section of the Danube River to navigate. Its powerful rapids prevented Greek sailors in the seventh century B.C. from progressing further when sailing up from the Black Sea. The Iron Gate was made safe for a Danube River cruise with technologies such as a lock and dam system and barrage walls, but it is still gloriously scenic.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.733717441558838, "source": "search", "title": "About the Danube River - Viking River Cruises" }, { "answer": "7", "passage": "As the Danube leaves the cover of German''s Black Forest, it trolls through the pristinely-preserved medieval town of Regensburg. This bustling university town boasts ancient treasures like the Porta Praetoria—the north gate to the ancient Roman fortress, Castra Regina, built in 179 A.D. During the holidays, Regensburg shines bright with its Christmas market lighting up the historic market square.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.660797595977783, "source": "search", "title": "The Danube River - Avalon Waterways®" }, { "answer": "7", "passage": "Farther downstream, Passau, Germany, is a gem of a city located at the confluence of the rivers Inn, Ilz, and Danube. Cobblestone streets lead the way to St. Stephen's Cathedral, which houses the world's largest church organ with more than 17,000 pipes.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.4085280895233154, "source": "search", "title": "The Danube River - Avalon Waterways®" }, { "answer": "Seven", "passage": "Sail on through the picturesque Austrian views before heading to the heart of Hungary. Spanning both banks of the Danube, Budapest is Eastern Europe's liveliest and most cosmopolitan metropolis. Seven bridges, including the famous Chain and Elisabeth Bridges, connect ancient Buda on the right bank with Pest on the left. The massive hilltop castle complex with Fisherman's Bastion and the Matthias Church is among the many sights of Budapest that impress and excite.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.846695899963379, "source": "search", "title": "The Danube River - Avalon Waterways®" } ]

[ { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "BULGARIA 1888 5 STOTINKI COIN | eBay", "precise_score": -1.2203657627105713, "rough_score": -2.3316285610198975, "source": "search", "title": "Bulgaria 1888 5 Stotinki Coin | eBay" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "BULGARIA 1888 5 STOTINKI COIN", "precise_score": -1.3431578874588013, "rough_score": -0.7515612244606018, "source": "search", "title": "Bulgaria 1888 5 Stotinki Coin | eBay" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "BULGARIA 1913 50 STOTINKI SILVER COIN | eBay", "precise_score": -1.3773726224899292, "rough_score": -3.29028058052063, "source": "search", "title": "Bulgaria 1913 50 Stotinki Silver Coin | eBay" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "BULGARIA 1913 50 STOTINKI SILVER COIN", "precise_score": -1.493257761001587, "rough_score": -2.079620361328125, "source": "search", "title": "Bulgaria 1913 50 Stotinki Silver Coin | eBay" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "BULGARIA 1913 50 STOTINKI SILVER COIN", "precise_score": -1.493257761001587, "rough_score": -2.079620361328125, "source": "search", "title": "Bulgaria 1913 50 Stotinki Silver Coin | eBay" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "The monetary unit in the Republic of Bulgaria is the lev (BGN), which is equal to 100 stotinki (st.). Since 1997, the country has been governed by a currency board and the value of the lev has been pegged to the Euro, at a fixed rate of 1 EUR – 1.95583 BGN.", "precise_score": -3.65529727935791, "rough_score": -0.6058601140975952, "source": "search", "title": "Currency in Bulgaria - BulgariaTravel.org" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "The lev (, plural: ) is the currency of Bulgaria. It is divided in 100 stotinki (, singular: ). In archaic Bulgarian the word \"lev\" meant \"lion\", a word which in the modern language became lăv (IPA:) (in Bulgarian: лъв).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.0014567375183105, "source": "wiki", "title": "Bulgarian lev" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "The lev was introduced as Bulgaria's currency in 1881 with a value equal to the French franc. The gold standard was suspended between 1899 and 1906 and suspended again in 1912. Until 1916, Bulgaria's silver and gold coins were issued to the same specifications as those of the Latin Monetary Union. Banknotes issued until 1928 were backed by gold (\"leva zlato\" or \"zlatni\", \"лева злато\" or \"златни\") or silver (\"leva srebro\" or \"srebarni\", \"лева сребро\" or \"сребърни\").", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.32322883605957, "source": "wiki", "title": "Bulgarian lev" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "In 1885, the Bulgarian National Bank introduced notes for 20 and 50 gold leva, followed in 1887 by 100 gold leva and, in 1890, by 5 and 10 gold leva notes. In 1899, 5, 10 and 50 silver leva notes were issued, followed by 100 and 500 silver leva in 1906 and 1907, respectively. 500 gold leva notes were also introduced in 1907.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.441301345825195, "source": "wiki", "title": "Bulgarian lev" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "After the fall of communism, Bulgaria experienced several episodes of drastic inflation and currency devaluation. In order to change this, in 1997, the lev was pegged to the Deutsche Mark, with 1000 lev equal to 1 DM (one lev equal to 0.1 pfennig).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.506141662597656, "source": "wiki", "title": "Bulgarian lev" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "Since 1997, Bulgaria has been in a system of currency board, and all Bulgarian currency in circulation has been backed 100% by the foreign exchange reserves of the Bulgarian National Bank (BNB).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.533916473388672, "source": "wiki", "title": "Bulgarian lev" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "On 5 July 1999 the lev was redenominated at 1000:1 with 1 new lev equal to 1 Deutsche Mark. The ISO 4217 currency code for the new Bulgarian lev is BGN. The currency was no longer backed by gold and silver; thus the banknotes lost the text stating the lev's backing by gold or bank assets.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.522480964660645, "source": "wiki", "title": "Bulgarian lev" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "Since Bulgaria gained EU membership in 2007 various dates have been suggested as the expected end of the lev: towards the end of that year 1 January 2012 was a possible date; however, the global financial crisis of 2008 and the Eurozone crisis cooled the initial enthusiasm for the euro. Nevertheless, in 2009 The Economist noted suggestions to accelerate Bulgaria's path to the euro, or even let it be adopted immediately, despite the EU institutions' unwillingness to deviate from a policy of euro adoption only after five Euro convergence criteria have been met. In 2011 the Bulgarian finance minister Simeon Djankov acknowledged his earlier eagerness for Bulgaria to join the euro, but considered 2015 as a more likely date. If Bulgaria follows the standard path to euro adoption, it would use the euro two years after joining the European exchange rate mechanism (ERM II) (a formality given the lev's peg to the euro). In late 2010, given Bulgaria's improving economy, analysts thought that Bulgaria would join the ERM II the following year. However, the continued postponement of joining the mechanism has prevented Bulgaria meeting all five convergence criteria: its rebounding economy later met the four other criteria. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.18263053894043, "source": "wiki", "title": "Bulgarian lev" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "The fourth lev was pegged to the German mark at par from the start. With the replacement of the Deutsche Mark by the euro, the lev's peg effectively switched to the euro at the rate of 1.95583 leva = 1 euro (precisely equivalent to the Deutsche Mark's fixed exchange rate to euro). This rate is unlikely to change before the lev's eventual retirement. (Bulgaria committed to adopting the euro as part of its joining the EU.) On 25 April 2005, when the country's EU accession treaty was signed, the BNB issued a commemorative coin with the face value of 1.95583 leva.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.471284866333008, "source": "wiki", "title": "Bulgarian lev" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "Not all European countries have switched to euros. As of now, major EU holdouts are the United Kingdom, Denmark, and Sweden (Norway and Switzerland also have their own currency, but aren’t EU members). Despite the currency’s recent trouble, several Eastern European countries that have joined the European Union — including the Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary, Croatia, Romania, Bulgaria, and Lithuania — are committed to adopting the euro sometime in the future. For now, these countries still use their traditional currencies.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.056621551513672, "source": "search", "title": "Cash and Currency Tips for Europe by Rick Steves" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "Bulgarian Lev | Post Office Money", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.592208862304688, "source": "search", "title": "Bulgarian Lev | Post Office Money" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "Money saving tips for Bulgaria", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.582184791564941, "source": "search", "title": "Bulgarian Lev | Post Office Money" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "Use the free beaches. By law, every Bulgarian beach has to have a free section where you can use your own chairs and umbrellas.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.376087188720703, "source": "search", "title": "Bulgarian Lev | Post Office Money" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "Bulgaria’s currency – the basics", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.57726001739502, "source": "search", "title": "Bulgarian Lev | Post Office Money" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "The currency of Bulgaria is the Bulgarian Lev,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.539702415466309, "source": "search", "title": "Bulgarian Lev | Post Office Money" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "We make it easy to get Bulgarian leva before your trip:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.572080612182617, "source": "search", "title": "Bulgarian Lev | Post Office Money" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "Order Bulgarian lev online for a better rate on foreign currency – minimum order value of £400 applies online", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.613154411315918, "source": "search", "title": "Bulgarian Lev | Post Office Money" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "Currency in Bulgaria", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.567676544189453, "source": "search", "title": "Currency in Bulgaria - BulgariaTravel.org" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "You can find current currency information on the site of the Bulgarian National Bank: www.bnb.bg .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.55678653717041, "source": "search", "title": "Currency in Bulgaria - BulgariaTravel.org" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "Credit cards: Most Bulgarian hotels and stores now accept VISA, MasterCard, American Express, and Diners Club credit cards.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.56926155090332, "source": "search", "title": "Currency in Bulgaria - BulgariaTravel.org" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "Project “Multimedia Catalogue of the Tourist Sites and Electronic Marketing of Destination Bulgaria”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.51524543762207, "source": "search", "title": "Currency in Bulgaria - BulgariaTravel.org" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "The contents of this page is created within the framework of the project entitled “Multimedia Catalogue of Tourist Sites and Electronic Marketing of Destination Bulgaria”, Contract No BG161PO001/3.3-01/2008 /001-5, which is performed with the financial support of Operative Program “Regional Development” 2007 – 2013, co-financed by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund. The entire responsibility for the contents of the page is brought by the beneficiary – The Ministry of Economy, Energy and Tourism, and under no circumstances it can be considered that this page presents the official position of the European Union and the Managing Body.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.368651390075684, "source": "search", "title": "Currency in Bulgaria - BulgariaTravel.org" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "BULGARIA - Shop Cheap BULGARIA from China BULGARIA Suppliers at PCGS on Aliexpress.com", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.494175910949707, "source": "search", "title": "BULGARIA - AliExpress.com" }, { "answer": "Bulgaria", "passage": "BULGARIA", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.499117851257324, "source": "search", "title": "BULGARIA - AliExpress.com" } ]

[ { "answer": "Itali", "passage": "Worldwide, the death toll and damage to infrastructure caused by avalanches are certainly far less significant than other natural hazards such as floods or earthquakes. On the whole, avalanches account for 0.1% of the total death toll and economic losses caused by natural disasters from 1900 to 2015 (see Table 1 ). Most major natural disasters are large-scale events that cause death and wreak havoc on scales that can extend beyond national borders. By contrast, avalanches are small-scale events that are localized to specific areas, whose size infrequently exceeds a few square kilometers and are often thinly populated. To get some sense of the destructive power of avalanches, the reader can refer to Table 2 , which enumerates some of the deadliest avalanches throughout the world. By comparison, the natural disaster that stands out above all in recent history is the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, which claimed the lives of more than 230,000 people around the Indian Ocean. The deadliest avalanches are reported to have occurred in December 1916, when a snowstorm and an artillery duel between Italian and Austrian troops caused the release of many avalanches that caused devastation and death in military camps near Mount Marmolada (9,000–10,000 soldiers killed).", "precise_score": -5.250025272369385, "rough_score": -4.682090759277344, "source": "search", "title": "Snow Avalanches - Natural Hazard Science: Oxford Research ..." }, { "answer": "Italy", "passage": "The science surrounding avalanches has developed in parallel with the gradually increasing economic weight of the human activities occurring in mountain ranges. The history of their study dates back several centuries. It initially only concerned a few countries—Switzerland, France, Austria, and Russia—which are still at the forefront of avalanche research. In recent decades, countries such as Italy, the United States, Canada, Japan, Iceland, Norway, and India, have played an increasing role in developing new techniques for the analysis of avalanches and extending our understanding of their dynamics.", "precise_score": -0.6585113406181335, "rough_score": -4.65233039855957, "source": "search", "title": "Snow Avalanches - Natural Hazard Science: Oxford Research ..." }, { "answer": "Italy", "passage": "The pioneer was Swiss forestry engineer and topographer, Johann Coaz, a man of many talents who started to gather avalanche data in 1876. In 1881 and 1910, he published the first scientific monographs entirely devoted to avalanches and mitigation systems. National forestry services maintained frequent correspondence, and Austrian and French forestry engineers took inspiration from Swiss know-how, replicating it in their own countries in the late 19th century. In 1900, Paul Mougin developed the idea of permanently monitoring avalanches in France, especially near inhabited areas, and he created a huge avalanche database that is still in use today. Although he was a forestry engineer and a fervent defender of forests as a mitigation system, he also promoted the construction of defense structures such as stone walls and snow rakes. In 1923, Mougin was credited with building the first model of avalanche dynamics. In order to calculate avalanche velocities and forces, his simple model made an analogy between an avalanche and a sliding block. In Austria, a civil engineer, Vincenz Pollack, worked in close collaboration with Johann Coaz on avalanche defense structures for protecting the country’s rapidly expanding network of railway lines. In 1906, he published his authoritative work on avalanche defense structures. In the 1860s and later, railway construction in Austria’s Vorarlberg province and over the Brenner Pass (the line connecting Innsbruck, Austria, to Verona, Italy) provided perfect opportunities to test new defense structures. The Innsbruck Torrent Control Service gained considerable experience in this field, forging Austria’s current longstanding tradition and reputation in avalanche and torrent control. In the 1860s and later, railway construction in the Caucasus led to the first scientific studies and attempts to map avalanches in the Russian empire.", "precise_score": -4.2749762535095215, "rough_score": -3.598987340927124, "source": "search", "title": "Snow Avalanches - Natural Hazard Science: Oxford Research ..." }, { "answer": "Italy", "passage": "Today, most countries affected by avalanches have their own dedicated avalanche research centers. Some institutions (e.g., the SLF in Switzerland and Météo-France in France) perform operational tasks such as providing regional avalanche bulletins and conduct their own research. Since the 1980s, universities (such as the University of British Columbia, in Canada, or the University of Moscow, in Russia) and private organizations (such as the Norwegian Geotechnical Institute) have also been increasingly involved. In several countries, well-documented avalanche tracks have been equipped with high-technology sensors (e.g., radars, pressure gauges, or force transducers) for monitoring avalanche activity and gaining new insights into the dynamics of large avalanches. Test sites include Vallée de la Sionne in Switzerland, Col du Lautaret in France, Ryggfonn in Norway, Monte Pizzac in Italy, Rogers Pass in Canada, and Kurobe Canyon in Japan.", "precise_score": -3.4259753227233887, "rough_score": -5.318078517913818, "source": "search", "title": "Snow Avalanches - Natural Hazard Science: Oxford Research ..." }, { "answer": "Itali", "passage": "From the 1870s through 1914, both the U.S. and the major European powers embarked upon an unprecedented era of expansionist and imperialist foreign policy.  Such policies were predictable given the fact that these nations had filled out their own national boundaries and were capitalizing on new technology - especially transportation and communication - to expand their influence into areas that previously had been difficult if not impossible to penetrate.", "precise_score": -9.454581260681152, "rough_score": -4.8581037521362305, "source": "search", "title": "Causes and Consequences of WW I - HSU Users Web Pages" }, { "answer": "Italy", "passage": "But the Allies came in their thousands. Britain by 1917 had purchasing missions in the United States totalling some 10,000 members, and she ~-as not alone. France and Russia also had resident purchasing missions, as did many of the smaller Entente powers – Italy, Belgium, Serbia and Greece. This all cost a substantial sum. Britain, paymaster of the Entente, by October 1916 was spending 40 per cent of all her war expenditure in North America. By April 1917 Britain alone had sent £305 million in gold across the Atlantic.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.138257026672363, "source": "search", "title": "Money and Power: America and Europe in the 20th Century ..." }, { "answer": "Italy", "passage": "And finally, the third problem was what appeared to be the imminent collapse of the Western European economies. This had several dimensions. First, both France and Italy had strong Communist parties, which were already part of their governmental coalitions, and the fear was that the economic chaos would allow them to take over, as was happening in Eastern Europe. Secondly, the US was exporting seven times more than it was importing, and the fear was that if it could not find markets in Europe, recession would spread over the US. However, many European economies had to be re-built, but virtually anything they needed to buy, whether machine tools or food or coal, had to be paid for with dollars. No one in Europe had any dollars, or at any rate not nearly enough, and the main point of the Marshall Plan was to provide these dollars to jump-start the European economy.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.41374397277832, "source": "search", "title": "Money and Power: America and Europe in the 20th Century ..." }, { "answer": "Italy", "passage": "Stromboli, Italy - 108 years", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.815221786499023, "source": "search", "title": "The World's Five Most Active Volcanoes - Live Science" }, { "answer": "Italy", "passage": "Stromboli Volcano, off the west coast of southern Italy and the north coast of Sicily, has been erupting nearly continuously for over 2,000 years, which has earned it the nickname \"Lighthouse of the Mediterranean.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.336400985717773, "source": "search", "title": "The World's Five Most Active Volcanoes - Live Science" }, { "answer": "Italy", "passage": "Mount Etna, Italy - 109 years", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.17561149597168, "source": "search", "title": "The World's Five Most Active Volcanoes - Live Science" }, { "answer": "Italy", "passage": "The mountain is currently around 10,958 feet (3,340 meters) in height. It is the largest active volcano in Europe, though this varies with summit eruptions. It is the highest mountain in Italy south of the Alps.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.589595794677734, "source": "search", "title": "The World's Five Most Active Volcanoes - Live Science" }, { "answer": "Italy", "passage": "With regard to avalanches involving skiers and alpinists, the mean number of deaths due to avalanches has been fairly stable over the last 20 years in the Alps, with 31 victims in France, 22 in Switzerland, 26 in Austria, 20 in Italy, 2 in Spain, and 10 in Germany. In Japan, the death toll is reported to be an average of 30 each year, with 24 in Turkey, 30 in the United States (although this trend is increasing), and 7 in Canada.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.98674201965332, "source": "search", "title": "Snow Avalanches - Natural Hazard Science: Oxford Research ..." }, { "answer": "Italy", "passage": "In the 20th century, many mountainous regions experienced considerable economic growth with the development of transport, industry, and tourism. New techniques evolved for mitigating the dangers of avalanches. In the early part of the century, the emphasis was on avalanche defense strategies on the upper slopes. These included reforestation and engineered structures to hold snow in place and prevent avalanche formation (see Fig. 3 ). Explosives were also used, but with the opposite goal of forcing avalanche release Tragic examples of the use of explosives have occurred during World War I in the Alps, between Italy and the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and in the more recent conflict in Kashmir, between India and Pakistan: military camps and positions were buried under huge avalanches triggered by intensive shelling. The 1960s and 1970s were marked by several significant avalanche disasters in the Alps, which contributed to an increased public awareness of the risks posed by them in increasingly inhabited valleys. Two of these tragedies in particular were highly significant because they exposed severe failings in how avalanche threats were being managed in newly populated areas. The villages of Davos (Switzerland) and Val d’Isère (France) are both centuries-old and have been transformed into attractive ski resorts. Despite their long traditions of avalanche mitigation, avalanches caused severe damage—24 fatalities in Davos in 1968 and 39 fatalities in Val d’Isère in 1970. In the aftermath of these disasters, the emphasis turned toward developing more holistic strategies for mitigating avalanche hazards. Apart from structural measures such as wall reinforcement, much more emphasis was given to nonstructural techniques such as avalanche risk mapping, land use planning, avalanche forecasting and warning, field monitoring, and the completion of historical databases, as well as computational tools for predicting avalanche run-out distances and the impact pressures of extreme avalanches (see Avalanche Mitigation ).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.4489521980285645, "source": "search", "title": "Snow Avalanches - Natural Hazard Science: Oxford Research ..." }, { "answer": "Italy", "passage": "In February 1999, the Alps were struck by a series of snowstorms, which caused disastrous avalanches in France (12 fatalities in Chamonix), Switzerland (17 fatalities), Austria (37 fatalities), and Italy (1 fatality). Figure 3 shows the emergency relief operations underway in Chamonix just after an avalanche swept through 20 chalets. The economic losses due to damaged dwellings and structures, as well as the indirect costs related to the tourist business, were quite significant. Although the protection systems installed failed to provide absolute safety in February 1999, they did help to avoid the occurrence of larger disasters during the peak tourist period that year. In Switzerland alone, protection systems prevented the release or propagation of more than 300 significant avalanches in inhabited areas in the winter of 1999. The direct costs incurred by insurance companies due to the damage caused by avalanche and snow loads exceeded 1 billion Swiss francs (the indirect cost due to economic losses was estimated at about 200 million Swiss francs). These figures are to be compared with the total investments in protection structures (1.5 billion Swiss francs from 1951 to 1999) and research costs (40 to 50 million Swiss Francs every year).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.414966583251953, "source": "search", "title": "Snow Avalanches - Natural Hazard Science: Oxford Research ..." }, { "answer": "Itali", "passage": "The specific dangers threatening travelers have been mentioned by geographers and writers, such as Strabon, Titus Livius, and Silius Italicus, since antiquity. The word avalanche did not exist at that time, and writers used generic words such as ruina (which could refer to landslides or rock falls); however, their detailed descriptions leave no doubt about their awareness of the dangers related to snow. This absence of a specific term for avalanches lasted a long time—until national languages replaced Latin in the scientific literature of the 18th century. In the late Middle Ages and during the Renaissance, narratives still put an emphasis on the dangers to which Alpine travelers exposed themselves. In his book De Alpibus Commentarius (1574), Swiss theologian Josias Simler compiled all the available information on these dangers and wrote the first complete scientific description of avalanches (labina) by examining their causes and effects. However, Simler’s writing style did not differ much from that used by Strabon 1,500 years earlier, as he gave readers stern warnings about the dangers threatening travelers when they crossed the Alps in winter.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.766279697418213, "source": "search", "title": "Snow Avalanches - Natural Hazard Science: Oxford Research ..." }, { "answer": "Itali", "passage": "The word avalanche appeared when scientific literature started employing national languages. Its exact etymology is unknown, all the more so because each country used its own term: German writers thought that Lawine (avalanche) came from Löwin (lioness); French writers thought that labina (from the Latin verb labor, meaning to slide or to fall) was the root for avalanche; and others, including French and Italian writers, remarked that avalanche was close to their words for valley or closely related terms (avalanche to aval in French; valanga to valle in Italian).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.401915550231934, "source": "search", "title": "Snow Avalanches - Natural Hazard Science: Oxford Research ..." }, { "answer": "Italy", "passage": "The war was fought by two main power blocks: the Entente Powers , or 'Allies' comprised of the Russia, France, Britain (and later US) and their allies on one side and the Central Powers of Germany, Austro-Hungary, Turkey and their allies on the other. Italy later joined the Entente. How the Alliances Formed / Full List of Countries Involved", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.877666473388672, "source": "search", "title": "World War I 101 - Introduction and Overview" }, { "answer": "Itali", "passage": "Attempts to find another route into their enemy’s territory led to the failed allied invasion of Gallipoli , where Allied forces held a beachhead but were halted by fierce Turkish resistance. There was also conflict on the Italian front, the Balkans, the Middle East and smaller struggles in colonial holdings where the warring powers bordered each other.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.180747032165527, "source": "search", "title": "World War I 101 - Introduction and Overview" }, { "answer": "Italy", "passage": "Triple Alliance of 1882. Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. Italy needed an effective ally against France, so looked to its enemies. Italy left the Alliance in 1911.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.032766342163086, "source": "search", "title": "Causes and Consequences of WW I - HSU Users Web Pages" }, { "answer": "Italy", "passage": "Thus, by 1907, Europe was divided into two hostile camps: the Central Powers of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy, and the Allies, or the Triple Entente, of Britain, France, and Russia.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.659977912902832, "source": "search", "title": "Causes and Consequences of WW I - HSU Users Web Pages" }, { "answer": "Italy", "passage": "May 23 - Italy abandons the Triple Alliance and joins the Allies after securing promises of Austrian territory from them.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.199170112609863, "source": "search", "title": "Causes and Consequences of WW I - HSU Users Web Pages" }, { "answer": "Italy", "passage": "August 27 - Italy declares war on Germany", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.857118606567383, "source": "search", "title": "Causes and Consequences of WW I - HSU Users Web Pages" }, { "answer": "Itali", "passage": "Romanticism was also marked by a veneration of nature. Romantics viewed nature as alive and suffused with God as well as a source of inspiration. This veneration emerged as a reaction to the Enlightenment view that nature was a lifeless machine governed by laws and due to the havoc the Industrial Revolution was wrecking on the natural landscape of Europe. English Romantic poets such as William Blake mourned the “dark satanic mills” that dotted the English landscape. Poet William Wordsworth drew immense inspiration from nature for example in “Daffodils” and in “The Tables Turned” he saw nature as the gateway to knowledge rather than books. In painting this passion for nature was noted in landscape paintings by English painters like John Constable and JWM Turner. The Romantics also rejected the Enlightenment notion that God was a detached observer of the world, in favour of the belief that God was omnipresent in nature and one could realize him though communion with nature. Finally Romanticism also drew inspiration from the middle ages, which had been rejected as superstitious by the Enlightenment. Romantics in the context of growing revolutions looked back to the middles ages as a period of chivalrous, heroic deeds and a period of harmony when Europe was united. On an intellectual level Romanticism was articulated in David Hume’s theory of Scepticism which essentially caste debut on scientific certainty of events and cause and effect relationships, advocating that all knowledge derives from experience. According to Perry, Romanticism, had a lasting impact on European culture as it fostered freedom of expression which impacted later movements such as the Modernist movement (early 20th century), it also fostered nationalism through its revival of native songs and languages, attacked industrial capitalism and fostered humanitarianism.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.296134948730469, "source": "search", "title": "19th CENTURY EUROPEAN ART AND LITERATURE | Idea of History" }, { "answer": "Italy", "passage": "FUTURISM: Simultaneously in Italy one saw the emergence of a group called the Futurists, who shared many affinities with the Cubists, but were more “Modernist”. Futurism emerged 1909 with Fillipo Marinetti the principle theorist of the group published his manifesto in the Parisian newspaper-Le Figaro. He coined the term ‘Futurism’ and called a discarding earlier art and celebrating technological innovation. Inspired by scientific leaps he glorified technology especially machines and automobiles marvelling at their speed and beauty. In art this inspired a group of artists-like Umberto Boccioni, Giacomo Balla and Carro Carra, to depict visually the perception of movement, speed and change. To achieve this they adopted the Cubist technique of using fragmented images and intersecting planes to show simultaneous views of a moving object. For example Balla in his ‘Dog on a Leash’ depicts a trotting dachshund whose legs are blur of images. The futurists differed from the cubists, as they portrayed moving objects, while the cubists, still life and portraits. Within literature too the futurists sought to represent speed and ruthlessness of the 20th century, Thus they established a number of new genres to do- They developed-(i) free word poetry, which rejected the constraints of linear typography, conventional spelling and syntax much as the symbolists started, (ii) Minimalist plays (iii) designed analogies and (iv) literary collages- combining words and graphics. Marinetti’s poetry was greatly influenced by WWI- He used bold typography, exploding words to depict a bomb and onomatopoeia to reflect noise of modern warfare. Such new styles had a lasting impact on later movements. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.792427062988281, "source": "search", "title": "19th CENTURY EUROPEAN ART AND LITERATURE | Idea of History" } ]

[ { "answer": "1992", "passage": "The Disneyland Paris, originally Euro Disney Resort, is an entertainment resort in Marne-la-Vallée, a new town located 32 km east of the centre of Paris, and is the most visited theme park in all of France and Europe. It is owned and operated by Euro Disney S.C.A., a publicly traded company in which The Walt Disney Company owns a majority stake. The resort covers 4800 acre and encompasses two theme parks, several resort hotels, a shopping, dining, and entertainment complex, and a golf course, in addition to several additional recreational and entertainment venues. Disneyland Park is the original theme park of the complex, opening with the resort on 12 April 1992. A second theme park, Walt Disney Studios Park, opened in 2002. The resort is the second Disney park to open outside the United States, following the opening of the Tokyo Disney Resort in 1983.", "precise_score": 7.47139835357666, "rough_score": 6.611770153045654, "source": "wiki", "title": "Disneyland Paris" }, { "answer": "1992", "passage": "On 12 April 1992, Euro Disney Resort and its theme park, Euro Disneyland, officially opened. Visitors were warned of chaos on the roads. A government survey indicated that half a million people carried by 90,000 cars might attempt to enter the complex. French radio warned traffic to avoid the area. By midday, the car park was approximately half full, suggesting an attendance level below 25,000. Explanations of the lower-than-expected turnout included speculation that people heeded the advice to stay away and that the one-day strike that cut the direct RER railway connection to Euro Disney from the centre of Paris made the park inaccessible. Due to the European recession that August, the park faced financial difficulties as there were a lack of things to do and an overabundance of hotels, leading to underperformance. ", "precise_score": 9.102447509765625, "rough_score": 7.704665184020996, "source": "wiki", "title": "Disneyland Paris" }, { "answer": "1992", "passage": "Answer: Disneyland in Paris which was originally named the Euro Disney Resort, first opened on April 12, 1992.", "precise_score": 8.98702621459961, "rough_score": 9.05894947052002, "source": "search", "title": "What year did Disneyland Paris open? | Hobbyings" }, { "answer": "1992", "passage": "In order to provide lodging to patrons, it was decided that 5,200 Disney-owned hotel rooms would be built within the complex. In March 1988, Disney and a council of architects (Frank Gehry, Michael Graves, Robert A.M. Stern, Stanley Tigerman and Robert Venturi) decided on an exclusively American theme in which each hotel would depict a region of the United States. At the time of the opening in April 1992, seven hotels collectively housing 5,800 rooms had been built.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.8403360843658447, "source": "wiki", "title": "Disneyland Paris" }, { "answer": "1992", "passage": "The prospect of a Disney park in France was a subject of debate and controversy. Critics, who included prominent French intellectuals, denounced what they considered to be the cultural imperialism of Euro Disney and felt it would encourage an unhealthy American type of consumerism in France. For others, Euro Disney became a symbol of America within France. On 28 June 1992, a group of French farmers blockaded Euro Disney in protest of farm policies supported at the time by the United States.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.2875187397003174, "source": "wiki", "title": "Disneyland Paris" }, { "answer": "1992", "passage": "Euro Disney opened for employee preview and testing in March 1992. During this time visitors were mostly park employees and their family members, who tested facilities and operations. The press were able to visit the day before the park’s opening day on 12 April.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.6975932121276855, "source": "wiki", "title": "Disneyland Paris" }, { "answer": "1992", "passage": "In May 1992, entertainment magazine The Hollywood Reporter reported that about 25% of Euro Disney's workforce – approximately 3,000 people – had resigned from their jobs because of unacceptable working conditions. It also reported that the park's attendance was far behind expectations. The disappointing attendance can be at least partly explained by the recession and increased unemployment, which was affecting France and most of the rest of the developed world at this time; when construction of the resort began, the economy was still on an upswing. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.626778602600098, "source": "wiki", "title": "Disneyland Paris" }, { "answer": "1992", "passage": "Despite these efforts in May 1992, park attendance was around 25,000 (some reports give a figure of 30,000) instead of the predicted 60,000. The Euro Disney Company stock price spiralled downwards and on 23 July 1992, Euro Disney announced an expected net loss in its first year of operation of approximately 300 million French francs. During Euro Disney's first winter, hotel occupancy was so low that it was decided to close the Newport Bay Club hotel during the season.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.8039367198944092, "source": "wiki", "title": "Disneyland Paris" }, { "answer": "1992", "passage": "Initial hopes were that each visitor would spend around US$33 per day, but near the end of 1992, analysts found spending to be around 12% lower. Efforts to improve attendance included serving alcoholic beverages with meals inside the Euro Disneyland park, in response to a presumed European demand, which began 12 June 1993. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.2430287599563599, "source": "wiki", "title": "Disneyland Paris" }, { "answer": "1992", "passage": "*Disneyland Park, opened with the resort on April 12, 1992 and is based on Disneyland and the Magic Kingdom", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.683438539505005, "source": "wiki", "title": "Disneyland Paris" }, { "answer": "1992", "passage": "A railway station, Marne-la-Vallée – Chessy, is located between the theme parks and Disney Village. It opened on 1 April 1992 with a connection to the suburban RER network's line A. A connection to the TGV high-speed rail network opened on 29 May 1994 with the Interconnexion Est line. Thalys no longer operates from the station, but there are daily services from London St Pancras on the Eurostar. On 10 June 2007, a new high-speed line, LGV Est, began service between Paris Gare de l'Est and Strasbourg. Free shuttle buses provide transport to all Disney hotels (except Disney's Davy Crockett Ranch) and Associated Hotels. The yellow shuttle buses go to the main Disney hotels while the pink shuttle buses go to the other hotels further away but still in the Disneyland area.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.222581148147583, "source": "wiki", "title": "Disneyland Paris" }, { "answer": "1992", "passage": "Disneyland Paris, which opened in 1992, is located 20 miles east of the center of Paris in Marne-la-Vallee. It is the most visited theme park in all of France and Europe. A second theme park, Walt Disney Studios Park, opened in 2002 in the same location.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.319932460784912, "source": "search", "title": "Paris Attacks: Disneyland Paris Closed - Hollywood Reporter" }, { "answer": "1992", "passage": "1992 - Euro Disney welcomes its first visitors", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.6897286772727966, "source": "search", "title": "History of Euro Disney | Disneyland® Paris" }, { "answer": "1992", "passage": "Since its opening in 1992, Disneyland® Paris has established itself as the leading tourist destination in Europe, welcoming more than 275 million visits and growing from a single park and hotels to a vibrant multi-day resort destination.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.193824768066406, "source": "search", "title": "Disneyland Resort Paris" }, { "answer": "1992", "passage": "1992 � Fantasmic! debuts on the Rivers of America in Frontierland at a cost of $30 millioin. Euro-Disney (later re-named Disneyland Paris), opens in Marne-la-Valle. While Tokyo Disneyland is essentially based on copies of Walt Disney World Magic Kingdom attractions (even though the Japanese were lead to believe that they were copies of Disneyland attractions), the French park was almost entirely re-designed from scratch, making it much more expensive. Unlike Tokyo, which was a run-a-way success, Euro-Disney struggles for years to turn a profit. Major cultural issues surround the park as Europeans react negatively to many of the Disney-ized versions of what are traditional European stories folk tales (Snow White, Cinderella, Sleeping Beauty, etc.). Profit estimates for restaurants were based on American dining patterns (an average of only 45 minutes), so tables turned over several times per day. French dining habits of two to three hours greatly reduced the money typically made on food. Similarly, American souvenir buying patters mean a push for anything Disney (Americans spend on average $250 per day at Walt Disney World), where-as the French were almost entirely uninterested in shirts with a Mickey Mouse on them. Splash Mountain opens in the Walt Disney World Magic Kingdom with re-design �logs� so that riders sit side-by-side, rather than toboggan-style as at Disneyland.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.826341152191162, "source": "search", "title": "DISNEYLAND TIMELINE - CSUS" } ]

[ { "answer": "Switzerland", "passage": "The Simplon Tunnel is a railway tunnel that connects Brig, Switzerland and Domodossola, Italy, through the Alps, but not under Simplon Pass itself. It is straight except for short curves at either end. It actually consists of two single-track tunnels built nearly 20 years apart. The first to be opened is 19803 m long; the second is 19824 m long, making it the longest railway tunnel in the world until the opening of the Daishimizu Tunnel in 1982.", "precise_score": 1.108590841293335, "rough_score": -2.1005475521087646, "source": "wiki", "title": "Simplon Tunnel" }, { "answer": "Swiss", "passage": "The participation of the Swiss government led to the signing of a treaty with Italy on 25 November 1895 concerning the construction and operation of a railway through the Simplon from Brig to Domodossola by the Jura–Simplon Railway. The route of the tunnel was determined by military considerations so that the state border between the two countries was in the middle of the tunnel, allowing either country to block the tunnel in the event of war.", "precise_score": 0.7573990225791931, "rough_score": -0.16231177747249603, "source": "wiki", "title": "Simplon Tunnel" }, { "answer": "Switzerland", "passage": "On the southern side of the pass, the road towards Italy passes Simplon Village. The style of the buildings with their typical stone plate roofs reminds visitors of the proximity of Italy. The village square is similar to an Italian piazza. The road continues via galleries and tunnels through the narrow Gondo Gorge that is hemmed in by granite walls. In the village of Gondo, gold mines can be visited. Here one of Switzerland’s most remote valleys, the Zwischbergental, branches off to the west. In Gondo one crosses the border to Italy.", "precise_score": -6.059354305267334, "rough_score": -0.9723084568977356, "source": "search", "title": "Simplon Pass - Switzerland Tourism" }, { "answer": "Switzerland", "passage": "The Simplon Pass (French: Col du Simplon; German: Simplonpass; Italian: Passo del Sempione) (2,005 m or 6,578 ft) is a high mountain pass between the Pennine Alps and the Lepontine Alps in Switzerland. It connects Brig in the canton of Valais with Domodossola in Piedmont (Italy). The pass itself and the villages on each side of it, such as Gondo, are in Switzerland. The Simplon Tunnel was built beneath the vicinity of the pass in the early 20th century to carry rail traffic between the two countries.", "precise_score": -1.6294668912887573, "rough_score": -3.357194662094116, "source": "search", "title": "Simplon Pass and Tunnel (Brig, Switzerland): Top Tips ..." }, { "answer": "Swiss", "passage": "Mussolini was captured on April 27, 1945, by Communist Italian partisans near the Swiss border as he tried to escape Italy. On the next day, he was executed for high treason, as sentenced in absentia by a tribunal of the CLN. Afterwards, the bodies of Mussolini, his mistress, and about fifteen other Fascists were taken to Milan where they were displayed to the public. Days later on 2 May 1945, the German Army (Wehrmacht Heer) in Italy surrendered.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.292065620422363, "source": "wiki", "title": "Kingdom of Italy" }, { "answer": "Switzerland", "passage": "Work on the first tube of the Simplon Tunnel commenced in 1898. The Italian king Victor Emmanuel III of Italy and the president of the National Council of Switzerland Ludwig Forrer opened the tunnel at Brig on 10 May 1906. The builders of the tunnel were Hermann Häustler and Hugo von Kager. Work on the second tube of the tunnel started in 1912 and it was opened in 1921.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.191357135772705, "source": "wiki", "title": "Simplon Tunnel" }, { "answer": "Switzerland", "passage": "Shortly after the opening of the first railway in Switzerland, each region began to favour a separate north-south link through the Alps towards Italy. Eastern Switzerland supported a line through the Splügen Pass or the Lukmanier Pass, Central Switzerland and Zürich favoured the Gotthard Pass and Western Switzerland supported the Simplon route.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.52138614654541, "source": "wiki", "title": "Simplon Tunnel" }, { "answer": "Switzerland", "passage": "On 1 July 1878, the Simplon Railway Company (French: Compagnie du chemin de fer du Simplon, S) was created to promote the project; it merged in 1881 with the company Western Swiss Railways (French: Chemins de Fer de la Suisse Occidentale, SO) to create the Western Switzerland–Simplon Company (French: Compagnie de la Suisse Occidentale et du Simplon, SOS). The French financiers of the SOS were able to secure finance for the tunnel in 1886. The company considered 31 proposals and selected one that involved the construction of a tunnel from Glis to Gondo, which would have been fully in Switzerland. From Gondo it would have continued on a ramp through the Divedro valley down to Domodossola.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.37224006652832, "source": "wiki", "title": "Simplon Tunnel" }, { "answer": "Swiss", "passage": "At a Swiss-Italian conference held in July 1889, it was agreed, however, to build a nearly-20-kilometre-long base tunnel through the territory of both states. In order to secure credit for the tunnel, the SOS joined with the Jura–Bern–Luzern Railway to create the Jura–Simplon Railway (French: Compagnie du Jura–Simplon, SOS).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.9966166019439697, "source": "wiki", "title": "Simplon Tunnel" }, { "answer": "Swiss", "passage": "On 1 May 1903, the Jura-Simplon Railway was nationalized and integrated into the network of the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB), which completed construction of the tunnel.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.149577140808105, "source": "wiki", "title": "Simplon Tunnel" }, { "answer": "Swiss", "passage": "The construction of the tunnel was carried out by the Hamburg engineering company Brandt & Brandau, of Karl Brandau and Alfred Brandt. On average, 3,000 people a day worked on the site. They were mostly Italians, who suffered under very poor working conditions: 67 workers were killed in accidents; many died later of diseases. During the work, there were strikes, which led to the intervention of vigilantes and the Swiss army.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.383333206176758, "source": "wiki", "title": "Simplon Tunnel" }, { "answer": "Swiss", "passage": "During the Second World War, on both sides of the border there were preparations for the possible detonation of the tunnels. The explosives attached to the tunnel on the Swiss section were not removed until 2001. In Italy, the German army planned, as part of its 1945 withdrawal, to blow up the tunnel, but were thwarted by Italian partisans with the help of two Swiss officials and Austrian deserters.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.435268402099609, "source": "wiki", "title": "Simplon Tunnel" }, { "answer": "Switzerland", "passage": "In addition, a new railway electrification system was installed using overhead electric rail instead of the tensioned cable normally used for overhead electrification so that the required 4.90-metre height clearance could be achieved. In the late 1980s, a one kilometre (1 km) long overhead electric rail had been tested at 160 km/h. Before this experiment, trains running under overhead electric rails in Switzerland had been limited to 110 km/h and internationally to 80 km/h. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.835675239562988, "source": "wiki", "title": "Simplon Tunnel" }, { "answer": "Switzerland", "passage": "Simplon Pass - Switzerland Tourism", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.334567070007324, "source": "search", "title": "Simplon Pass - Switzerland Tourism" }, { "answer": "Switzerland", "passage": "Simplon Pass (Brig, Switzerland): Top Tips Before You Go - TripAdvisor", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.333537101745605, "source": "search", "title": "Simplon Pass and Tunnel (Brig, Switzerland): Top Tips ..." }, { "answer": "Switzerland", "passage": "The lowest point of the col, and the lowest point on the watershed between the basins of the Rhone and the Po in Switzerland lies in marshland about 500 m (1,640 ft) west of the Simplon Pass settlement at an altitude of 1,994 m or 6,542 ft.[2]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.225591659545898, "source": "search", "title": "Simplon Pass and Tunnel (Brig, Switzerland): Top Tips ..." }, { "answer": "Switzerland", "passage": "Lötschberg Base Tunnel, Switzerland", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.820331573486328, "source": "search", "title": "The world's longest railway tunnels - Railway Technology" }, { "answer": "Switzerland", "passage": "Lötschberg Base Tunnel, built through the Alps in Switzerland, is the third longest railway tunnel in the world. The 34.6km long tunnel allows passenger and freight trains operated by BLS on the Lötschberg line. The tunnel includes a non-ballasted track on which trains run at 250kmph.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.10209846496582, "source": "search", "title": "The world's longest railway tunnels - Railway Technology" }, { "answer": "Switzerland", "passage": "Argentina, Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Great Britain, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Panama, Russia, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, USA.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.788285255432129, "source": "search", "title": "VPN Tunnel - Anonymous Internet experience" }, { "answer": "Switzerland", "passage": "Argentina, Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Great Britain, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Panama, Russia, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, USA.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.788285255432129, "source": "search", "title": "VPN Tunnel - Anonymous Internet experience" } ]

[ { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Croatia ( ; ), officially the Republic of Croatia (, ), is a sovereign state at the crossroads of Central Europe, Southeast Europe, and the Mediterranean. Its capital city is Zagreb, which forms one of the country's primary subdivisions, along with its twenty counties. Croatia covers 56594 km2 and has diverse, mostly continental and Mediterranean climates. Croatia's Adriatic Sea coast contains more than a thousand islands. The country's population is 4.28 million, most of whom are Croats, with the most common religious denomination being Roman Catholicism.", "precise_score": 4.8462982177734375, "rough_score": 5.232991695404053, "source": "wiki", "title": "Croatia" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Croatia is located in Central and Southeast Europe, bordering Hungary to the northeast, Serbia to the east, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the southeast, Montenegro to the southeast, the Adriatic Sea to the southwest and Slovenia to the northwest. It lies mostly between latitudes 42° and 47° N and longitudes 13° and 20° E. Part of the territory in the extreme south surrounding Dubrovnik is a practical exclave connected to the rest of the mainland by territorial waters, but separated on land by a short coastline strip belonging to Bosnia and Herzegovina around Neum. ", "precise_score": 5.065828323364258, "rough_score": 6.933451175689697, "source": "wiki", "title": "Croatia" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "The territory covers 56594 km2, consisting of 56414 km2 of land and 128 km2 of water. It is the 127th largest country in the world. Elevation ranges from the mountains of the Dinaric Alps with the highest point of the Dinara peak at 1831 m near the border with Bosnia and Herzegovina in the south to the shore of the Adriatic Sea which makes up its entire southwest border. Insular Croatia consists of over a thousand islands and islets varying in size, 48 of which are permanently inhabited. The largest islands are Cres and Krk, each of them having an area of around 405 km2.", "precise_score": 1.5861026048660278, "rough_score": -1.0910887718200684, "source": "wiki", "title": "Croatia" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Most of Croatia has a moderately warm and rainy continental climate as defined by the Köppen climate classification. Mean monthly temperature ranges between (in January) and 18 °C (in July). The coldest parts of the country are Lika and Gorski Kotar where snowy forested climate is found at elevations above 1200 m. The warmest areas of Croatia are at the Adriatic coast and especially in its immediate hinterland characterised by the Mediterranean climate, as the temperature highs are moderated by the sea. Consequently, temperature peaks are more pronounced in the continental areas—the lowest temperature of was recorded on 3 February 1919 in Čakovec, and the highest temperature of was recorded on 5 July 1950 in Karlovac.", "precise_score": -1.4742127656936646, "rough_score": -1.293304443359375, "source": "wiki", "title": "Croatia" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "In terms of phytogeography, Croatia is a part of the Boreal Kingdom and is a part of Illyrian and Central European provinces of the Circumboreal Region and the Adriatic province of the Mediterranean Region. The World Wide Fund for Nature divides Croatia between three ecoregions—Pannonian mixed forests, Dinaric Mountains mixed forests and Illyrian deciduous forests. ", "precise_score": -0.9162293076515198, "rough_score": 0.15277482569217682, "source": "wiki", "title": "Croatia" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Besides the architecture encompassing the oldest artworks in Croatia, there is a long history of artists in Croatia reaching to the Middle Ages. In that period the stone portal of the Trogir Cathedral was made by Radovan, representing the most important monument of Romanesque sculpture from Medieval Croatia. The Renaissance had the greatest impact on the Adriatic Sea coast since the remainder of Croatia was embroiled in the Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War. With the waning of the Ottoman Empire, art flourished during the Baroque and Rococo. The 19th and the 20th centuries brought about affirmation of numerous Croatian artisans, helped by several patrons of the arts such as bishop Josip Juraj Strossmayer. Croatian artists of the period achieving worldwide renown were Vlaho Bukovac and Ivan Meštrović.", "precise_score": -0.7389489412307739, "rough_score": 0.7097896337509155, "source": "wiki", "title": "Croatia" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Brač is an island in the Adriatic Sea within Croatia, with an area of 396 square kilometres, making it the largest island in Dalmatia, and the third largest in the Adriatic. It is separated from the mainland by the Brač Channel, which is 5 to 13 km wide. The island's tallest peak, Vidova gora, or Mount St. Vid, stands at 778 m, making it the highest island point in the Adriatic. The island has a population of 14,436, living in numerous settlements, ranging from the main town Supetar, with more than 3,300 inhabitants, to Murvica, where less than two dozen people live. Bol Airport on Brač is the largest airport of all islands surrounding Split.", "precise_score": 2.7404301166534424, "rough_score": 2.091999053955078, "source": "search", "title": "What does BRAC stand for? - Abbreviations.com" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "If you can afford it, why not travel Croatia in style? Thanks to the 21st-century shift toward relaxed luxury travel, high-end cruising needn’t be a rigid or stuffy affair. Under the motto, “It’s yachting, not cruising,” the fantastic SeaDream explores the Adriatic on several of its Mediterranean outings. The vibe onboard its sleek, twin 110-person vessels is decidedly upmarket, yet unpretentious, free-form and relatively casual.", "precise_score": 0.01548507995903492, "rough_score": 3.0762367248535156, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia's Best Cruises - Travel Channel" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Croatia is located in southeastern Europe between Slovenia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, bordering the Adriatic Sea. The country also shares boundaries with Hungary and Yugoslavia. With an area of about 56,542 square kilometers (21,831 square miles), the country is slightly smaller than the state of West Virginia. Croatia is divided administratively into twenty counties and one city.", "precise_score": 5.074748992919922, "rough_score": 6.622322082519531, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia - Encyclopedia of the Nations" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Croatia sprawls along the eastern side of the Adriatic Sea, on the western side of the Balkan Peninsula. Its long coastal region stretches from the Istria Peninsula in the north to the Gulf of Kotor (Boka Kotorska) in the south, becoming increasingly narrow. For a short distance, a branch of neighboring nation Bosnia and Herzegovina interrupts the Croatian coast. In the north, between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Slovenia, Croatia extends inland as far as the Danube River.", "precise_score": 6.060451507568359, "rough_score": 6.401159286499023, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia - Encyclopedia of the Nations" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Croatia borders the Adriatic Sea, an arm of the Mediterranean Sea located between Italy and the Balkan Peninsula. Off Croatia's coast in the north near Slovenia, the Adriatic Sea is very shallow, only reaching a depth of 23 meters (75 feet) in the Gulf of Venice. The waters off southern Croatia, however, reach to depths of more than 1,200 meters (3,900 feet).", "precise_score": 7.3342742919921875, "rough_score": 7.108028888702393, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia - Encyclopedia of the Nations" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "In the interior east, rivers are wider and calmer. Blocked from the Adriatic by the Dinaric Alps, they flow east towards the Danube River and, ultimately, into the Black Sea. The largest of these rivers form Croatia's borders in this region. The Drava and Mura Rivers make up almost all of the northwest border with Hungary. The Sava River, after flowing across the country from Slovenia, forms the southern border with Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Kupa and Una are tributaries of the Sava. The country's longest river is the Danube River in the east, at 2,850 kilometers (1,771 miles) long. The Danube is the second-longest river in Europe and flows between Croatia and Yugoslavia. Both the Sava and the Drava are tributaries of the Danube.", "precise_score": 1.099333643913269, "rough_score": 3.7583067417144775, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia - Encyclopedia of the Nations" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Croatia is a former Yugoslav republic on the Adriatic Sea. It is about the size of West Virginia. Part of Croatia is a barren, rocky region lying in the Dinaric Alps. The Zagorje region north of the capital, Zagreb, is a land of rolling hills, and the fertile agricultural region of the Pannonian Plain is bordered by the Drava, Danube, and Sava Rivers in the east. Over one-third of Croatia is forested.", "precise_score": 6.160673141479492, "rough_score": 6.654256820678711, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia: Maps, History, Geography, Government, Culture ..." }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Between 1797 and 1809 the First French Empire gradually occupied the entire eastern Adriatic coastline and a substantial part of its hinterland, ending the Venetian and the Ragusan republics, establishing the Illyrian Provinces. In response the Royal Navy started the blockade of the Adriatic Sea leading to the Battle of Vis in 1811. The Illyrian Provinces were captured by the Austrians in 1813, and absorbed by the Austrian Empire following the Congress of Vienna in 1815. This led to formation of the Kingdom of Dalmatia and restoration of the Croatian Littoral to the Kingdom of Croatia, now both under the same crown. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.667462348937988, "source": "wiki", "title": "Croatia" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "The hilly northern parts of Hrvatsko Zagorje and the flat plains of Slavonia in the east (which is part of the Pannonian Basin) are traversed by major rivers such as Sava, Drava, Kupa and Danube. The Danube, Europe's second longest river, runs through the city of Vukovar in the extreme east and forms part of the border with Serbia. The central and southern regions near the Adriatic coastline and islands consist of low mountains and forested highlands. Natural resources found in the country in quantities significant enough for production include oil, coal, bauxite, low-grade iron ore, calcium, gypsum, natural asphalt, silica, mica, clays, salt and hydropower.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.107305526733398, "source": "wiki", "title": "Croatia" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Prevailing winds in the interior are light to moderate northeast or southwest, and in the coastal area prevailing winds are determined by local area features. Higher wind velocities are more often recorded in cooler months along the coast, generally as bura or less frequently as sirocco. The sunniest parts of the country are the outer islands, Hvar and Korčula, where more than 2700 hours of sunshine are recorded per year, followed by the middle and southern Adriatic Sea area in general and northern Adriatic coast, all with more than 2000 hours of sunshine per year.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.496282577514648, "source": "wiki", "title": "Croatia" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "There are 37,000 known species in Croatia, but their actual number is estimated to be between 50,000 and 100,000. The claim is supported by nearly 400 new taxa of invertebrates discovered in Croatia in the first half of the 2000s (decade) alone. There are more than a thousand endemic species, especially in Velebit and Biokovo mountains, Adriatic islands and karst rivers. Legislation protects 1,131 species.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.147086143493652, "source": "wiki", "title": "Croatia" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Since the counties were re-established in 1992, Croatia is divided into 20 counties and the capital city of Zagreb, the latter having the authority and legal status of a county and a city at the same time. Borders of the counties changed in some instances since, with the latest revision taking place in 2006. The counties subdivide into 127 cities and 429 municipalities. Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) division of Croatia is performed in several tiers. NUTS 1 level places the entire country in a single unit, while there are three NUTS 2 regions. Those are Northwest Croatia, Central and Eastern (Pannonian) Croatia and Adriatic Croatia. The latter encompasses all the counties along the Adriatic coast. The Northwest Croatia includes the city of Zagreb, Zagreb, Krapina-Zagorje, Varaždin, Koprivnica-Križevci and Međimurje counties, and the Central and Eastern (Pannonian) Croatia includes the remaining areas—Bjelovar-Bilogora, Virovitica-Podravina, Požega-Slavonia, Brod-Posavina, Osijek-Baranja, Vukovar-Syrmia, Karlovac and Sisak-Moslavina counties. Individual counties and the city of Zagreb also represent NUTS 3 level subdivision units in Croatia. The NUTS Local administrative unit divisions are two-tiered. LAU 1 divisions match the counties and the city of Zagreb in effect making those the same as NUTS 3 units, while LAU 2 subdivisions correspond to the cities and municipalities of Croatia. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.365570545196533, "source": "wiki", "title": "Croatia" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "The bulk of the tourist industry is concentrated along the Adriatic Sea coast. Opatija was the first holiday resort since the middle of the 19th century. By the 1890s, it became one of the most significant European health resorts. Later a number of resorts sprang up along the coast and islands, offering services ranging from mass tourism to catering and various niche markets, the most significant being nautical tourism, as there are numerous marinas with more than 16 thousand berths, cultural tourism relying on appeal of medieval coastal cities and numerous cultural events taking place during the summer. Inland areas offer mountain resorts, agrotourism and spas. Zagreb is also a significant tourist destination, rivalling major coastal cities and resorts. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.656657695770264, "source": "wiki", "title": "Croatia" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Tens of thousands of cubic meters of liquid waste pour into new treating facilities on Croatia’s Adriatic Coast on a daily basis. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.644217014312744, "source": "search", "title": "Clean Water Cleans Sea on Croatia’s Famed Coastline" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "21 regions along Croatia’s Adriatic coastline are participating in the project, which expects to triple the number of the costal area’s households and businesses that are connected to sewage treatment services. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.2872509956359863, "source": "search", "title": "Clean Water Cleans Sea on Croatia’s Famed Coastline" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "That makes retirement even more pleasant, says retiree and Davor Stanbulic, who has worked and lived on the Adriatic coast for more than 50 years.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.435688972473145, "source": "search", "title": "Clean Water Cleans Sea on Croatia’s Famed Coastline" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Travel is aboard the 378-passenger Aegean Odyssey, with lectures from noted scholars to set the historical scene before every docking. Croatian highlights include the ancient city of Zadar (coveted by imperial Romans, Byzantines and Venetians alike), the island of Korcula (claimed by locals as Marco Polo’s birthplace) and the enchanting Split, which grew up around the famous palace of Emperor Diocletian. Another quality Croatian-calling discovery cruiser is Travel Dynamics International , whose smaller ships carry just over a hundred passengers on its informative Adriatic adventures.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.247989177703857, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia's Best Cruises - Travel Channel" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "There’s nothing quite like the romance and excitement of gliding along the Adriatic Sea driven only by the wind. And nobody does Croatian sailing cruises (or indeed, any sailing cruises) better than Star Clippers , whose magnificent 5-masted Royal Clipper, the world’s largest full-rigged sailing ship, has room for 227 passengers.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.241744041442871, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia's Best Cruises - Travel Channel" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Usually powered only by its striking 42 sails, the majestic vessel makes stops at Dubrovnik , Rovinj and Hvar. On a smaller scale, Variety ’s Panorama is a 3-masted ship with room for 49, offering weeklong Adriatic Odyssey cruises with an emphasis on the outdoorsy (think refreshing morning swims), calling at Dubrovnik and Korcula.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.222692012786865, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia's Best Cruises - Travel Channel" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "SUP lovers and enthusiast from Croatia, Dubrovnik. We start rent SUP equipment in 2010. Since then we develop our small water sport business and spread the word about SUP all around our country and region. We deliver the best SUP experience in Adriatic sea. We have SUP boards to rent, we do the course and lessons, tours, team buildings and all other services on demand of our clients. For all informations call our phone number +385 99 242 1299 or fill out a booking form online and rent a board. We can also bring all the equipment to your location. People of all ages have already recognized the beauty and simplicity of this unique sport around the world, we hope to share that experience with you!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.5475316047668457, "source": "search", "title": "StandUp Paddleboarding Croatia, Water Sports, Dubrovnik ..." }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "The climate in Croatia is predominantly temperate. In Zagreb, the average daily high temperature in July is 27°C (80°F), while in January it falls to 2°C (35°F). The overall average annual temperature in Zagreb is 11.6°C (52.9°F). The Adriatic coast has a more moderate, Mediterranean climate. The average annual temperatures for the cities of Split and Dubrovnik are 16.6°C (61.9°F) and 17.1°C (62.8°F), respectively. The prevailing northeast winds include the maestral (mistral), which mitigates the heat in the summer, and the cold, dry bora.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.8887832164764404, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia - Encyclopedia of the Nations" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Zagreb's annual precipitation is 924 centimeters (36 inches). The winter averages 49 days with a snow cover of greater than 1 centimeter (0.4 inch). The narrow Adriatic coastal belt has very dry summers. Neither Split nor Dubrovnik typically experiences snow accumulation in the winter; and each city averages more than one hundred sunny days per year. Split averages 94 centimeters (37 inches) of precipitation annually. Dubrovnik has an annual precipitation of about 102 centimeters (40 inches).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.7230401039123535, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia - Encyclopedia of the Nations" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Croatia has three main geographic types: the Pannonian and Peri-Pannonian Plains of eastern and northwestern Croatia, the hilly and mountainous central area, and the Adriatic coastal area that extends down to Dalmatia in the south.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.5297915935516357, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia - Encyclopedia of the Nations" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "In the coastal region, many short rivers and streams run quickly down the steep mountains into the Adriatic Sea. Among the largest of these are the Krka and the Rasa. The Neretva River enters from Bosnia and Herzegovina in south Dalmatia and flows through the country for just a short distance.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.214809417724609, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia - Encyclopedia of the Nations" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Sabo, Alexander. Croatia, Adriatic Coast . Munich: Nelles, 1999.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.942664623260498, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia - Encyclopedia of the Nations" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2017 Tours", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.620429039001465, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "\"Getting to know the \"family\" of travelers. Stepping back in history to the Roman Empire. Seeing the clear, blue waters of the Adriatic. Learning about the troubles in the 90's. Learning the cultures of the people. Viewing the countryside. Walking the walls of the old cities.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.155183792114258, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "This was our first Rick Steves tour after being independent travelers to Europe for a long time. Everything about the tour was fantastic! Saso, our guide, was excellent and made the trip so much fun! The itinerary was top-notch with such a variety of experiences and terrain...from scenic beauty to ancient sites to modern day life in these countries. I would highly recommend Best of the Adriatic and look forward to taking another RS tour in the future.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.298367500305176, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "\"I cannot pick just one \"wow\" moment. The gorgeous Adriatic coast and all the amazing waterfalls and lakes at Plitvice NP were tops for scenery. I loved tiny Motovun and perfect Dubrovnik as well.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.963420867919922, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "\"There were many WOW moments on this tour. One that took me by surprise was seeing the early morning fog covering the truffle rich river valley below our hilltop hotel on the Istrian Peninsula. Another was discovering pumpkin seed oil in Slovenia. The beautiful color of the Adriatic Sea is jaw-dropping gorgeous! The WOW list could go on and on.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.135000228881836, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "\"The beauty of the Adriatic and land. Also didn't realize the devastation was still so evident in Bosnia-Herzegovina.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.466623306274414, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "The Adriatic area is certainly a very beautiful part of the world. Amir was an excellent guide, had experienced the many changes in the former Yugoslavia personally, and was highly informed and passionate, especially about his own Bosnia. He was also very attentive to the needs of each of us. I must say that compared to my other RS Tours, this itinerary visited more heavily-touristed sites, especially small places dominated by tourists. Except in Bosnia, this was a very touristy itinerary.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.584928512573242, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "\"Hard to pick just one. From an outdoor/nature perspective it would be the Plitvice Lakes National Park and the gorgeous Adriatic coastal scenes. From an intellectual perspective, it would be all of the history.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.07083511352539, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "\"Every minute listening to Amir teaching us history. Merovingian over the Juilian Alps was breath taking as was swimming in the Adriatic Sea. To many incredible moments to write about.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.755849838256836, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "I thoroughly enjoyed the tour. I planned to visit this area to see the Adriatic coast but I was pulled into a history lesson about the war and the extensive history of the area. Our tour guide was an excellent \"teacher\". I found that I learned and saw so much more than I ever expected. Great mix of bus, ferries, hiking. I plan to go back to visit some of the area again.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.399942398071289, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "\"I loved Plitvice, Lake Bled and the Julian Alps. I loved the entire Adriatic Coast and all the ancient sites. The clearness and color of the Adriatic is amazing!\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.984972953796387, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Best of Adriatic Awesome tour. We were so,pleased with the variety and loved getting to know more about the former Yugoslavian countries of Slovenia and Croatia and a bit bout Bosnia. Our guide Barbara was very good and fun to be with. We were so impressed with how cleanSlovenia and Croatia were! We especially liked Ljubliana and Split. Dubrovnik was a little too crowded for my liking though. The guides in Bosnia were very good.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.442483901977539, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "The tour was excellent. It was good to get the personal side of things and the history in the WWI Museum The churches and the Adriatic towns were beautiful The Slovenian and Croatian wines were good The day in Bosnia was enlightening, the contrast between it and Slovenia/Croatia. The crowds in Plitivice Park detracted from it (including people clogging the paths to take selfies) but I don't see how that can be avoided unless you go into the park really early.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.092016696929932, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "This was really an outstanding tour. The scenery was amazing, particularly along the Adriatic, and thinking back on all the places we visited it was quite surprising that is was all accomplished in two weeks. The group of people was the best we have ever traveled with, we really enjoyed everyone on the trip.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.341822624206543, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "\"I think our favorite place was Korcula in Croatia. It was a picture perfect setting on the Adriatic and was just the right size for easy exploring.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.449299335479736, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "\"Most of the entire tour was a \"wow\" moment. I wasn't fully prepared for the beauty and charm of the Adriatic region until I could experience it in person. I was particularly impressed with the friendliness and warmth of the local people we met in sharing their stories and showing a genuine interest in learning more about us in America. Ljubljana, Lake Bled, the Julian Alps, Plitvice Lakes National Park, the Dalmation coast, Mostar, and Dubrovnik were just a few of the many highlights.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.012279510498047, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "I really enjoyed this tour experience. Tina made the countries come alive both culturally and historically. It was a blend of modern and past on this tour which left me feeling that that this region has much to offer the many different kinds of visitors. One can focus on history from Roman to present times, outdoor lovers can revel on the Adriatic or hike the Julian Alps or you can immerse yourself in the wine and food of these countries.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.117097854614258, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Best Romantic trip I ever took. The Adriatic coastal towns and views fully rival the best of the Italian west coast or lakes. Excellent tour guides provided a personal viewpoint of their lives and experiences in this part of the Balkans.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.412994384765625, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "\"Probably just gazing at the Adriatic or maybe inside Dubrovnik old town at night. Plitvicka Jezera was amazing too except for the jaw dropping number of tourists.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.676847457885742, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "\"Views of Croatian coastline / islands & Slovenian Alps? Hiking experiences: islands. city wall, lakes, waterfalls? Swimming at sunset on Adriatic? Fabulous! No, my \"wow\" was the upfront history lesson of the devastating effects of the 90's war in & near Bosnia. Residual landmines, abandoned homesteads, shelled & destroyed buildings / villages. Local guide's personal story of war as a child in Stolac. I was moved by the collaborative efforts of restoration and peace; to bring change.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.143157482147217, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "\"I think I was most impressed with Mostar, Bosnia. Much of the Adriatic tour had similarities of Spain and Italy's walled cities and roman remains, but Mostar is where I learned much about the Muslim religion, insight into the conflict of the 1990's and my first experience with hearing the call to prayer through out the city. This, and the beautiful Dalmatian costal waters is what made this trip unique. Of course the wine's and people were also exceptional.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.239994049072266, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "\"One? Here are a few, no particular order. Plitvice Lakes, of course, the constant dazzling beauty of the Adriatic and swimming in it four different days, our guide through Kobarid WWI museum, our journey through history in Mostar and Stolac, Split's amazing sites particularly Galerija Mestrovic, sunset with amazing seafood dinner at Komin in Korcula, among many amazing meals: Korkula's Pizzeria Tedeschi's huge fish shaped calzone, cuttlefish black risotto at Maslina. Ljubljana to Dubrovnik,all.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.199808120727539, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "\"It's a tie between (1) the amazing waterfalls - more and more incredible as we continued our hike - and (1) repeated views of the Adriatic in colors of clear water the likes of which we had never seen before (how to describe them accurately: aqua, deep blue, sky blue...it's hard to even find the words).\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.862889289855957, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "The Best of the Adriatic tour has such a great itinerary.I truly believe you truly see the most interesting places.The hotels are located near the center of the cities visited and all had good breakfast service.The difference maker was the guide,Sanel.He is well versed on his country and the surrounding area.He was able to maneuver the schedule to get everything accomplished in a well organized manner.Beside being such a good guide,you won't find a nicer person,he helped all of us in every way.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.142509460449219, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "\"Was on our vacation from our vacation, I rented a SUP and paddled in the Adriatic in Korcula. It was a perfect day, and the water was beautiful. And being somewhere where they do the Muslim prayers over the loud speakers all over Mostar. Very cool\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.033493041992188, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "The Best of the Adriatic Tour was really sensational! We saw so much and had such a good time. The countries we visited were incredibly beautiful and very interesting. The tour was well organized with careful pacing. We would be very active for several days and then more leisurely for a day or two. It was a nice blend of activities and sites and we had several occasions to meet with locals. The local guides gave us a different perspective from our guide Sanel and were all quite enjoyable.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.203739166259766, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "\"Just sitting by the Adriatic Sea and enjoying the local scene. Oh, and the impromptu fireworks display outside the hotel in Dubrovnik.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.512623310089111, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "It was an easy way to travel and visit. The best aspect is that the visits and sites were very well selected. The second is that scenery was very good: - repeated vistas of well taken care of fields, - no junk, no depressing poverty, - lots views of blue refreshing Adriatic water, - lots of old stone buildings that seem human. Very good value for the money I thought.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.307065963745117, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "The Adriatic tour was very relaxing and enjoyable. Our fellow tour-mates were a fun crowd and the guide was absolutely excellent.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.342530250549316, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "Tour fulfilled its promise to introduce us to the Best of the Adriatic thanks to our guide Saso. He was well organized and knew how to motivate our group with a great sense of humor. We covered a lot of ground and learned a lot about this beautiful part of the world that has seen so much strife during the course of history.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.165488243103027, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "The tour was great! I really like this part of Europe - I think better than Italy (right across the Adriatic) in most regards. The scenery was wonderful everywhere - and I appreciated the history lessons.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.10399055480957, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "This tour surpassed my expectations from soaring alps to glorious Adriatic islands, from incredible waterfalls to cities recovering from war and from three different religious perspectives to a passionate portrayal of a WWI tragedy in the Soca River Valley. I especially enjoyed the intimate dinners and wine tasting settings when you felt like a visitor in someone's home. And overarching all our sites was the fertility of the land, so rich in natural resources. The countries were beautiful.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.069270133972168, "source": "search", "title": "Croatia Tour: The Adriatic in 14 Days | Rick Steves 2016 Tours" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "From week-long kayak tours and mountain trails to wine roads and gourmet dinners, Adriatic Kayak Tours has the know-how to custom fit nearly any traveler's dream holiday. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.53128719329834, "source": "search", "title": "Sea Kayaking Adventure Travel in Dubrovnik and Montenegro" }, { "answer": "Adriatic", "passage": "  Adriatic Kayak Tours is recommended by:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.340831756591797, "source": "search", "title": "Sea Kayaking Adventure Travel in Dubrovnik and Montenegro" } ]

[ { "answer": "Tagus", "passage": "Notes: The Volga River is the longest river system in Europe. It rises in the hills northwest of Moscow and then flows 2,300 miles (3,700 km) to the southeast before emptying into the Caspian Sea. It has more than 200 tributaries, including the Kama, Samara and Oka, occupying a watershed covering about 560,000 sq. mi. (1,450,000 sq. km), which is almost 41% of the European landmass. The Danube is the second longest river and is perhaps the most significant commercial waterway on the continent. It begins in the Black Forest region of Germany, flows across central Europe and the countries of Austria, Hungary, Croatia and Yugoslavia, forms the border between Romania and Bulgaria, before turning north across Romania to eventually flow into in the Black Sea. Important European long rivers that did not make the top ten include: The Loire and the Tagus, draining into the Atlantic Ocean, the Rhone, draining into the Mediterranean Sea and the Po, draining into the Adriatic Sea.", "precise_score": 2.4358935356140137, "rough_score": 1.5730226039886475, "source": "search", "title": "Top Ten Longest Rivers in Europe" }, { "answer": "Tagus", "passage": "Mainland Portugal is split by its main river, the Tagus that flows from Spain and disgorges in Tagus Estuary, in Lisbon, before escaping into the Atlantic. The northern landscape is mountainous towards the interior with several plateaus indented by river valleys, whereas the south, that includes the Algarve and the Alentejo regions, is characterized by rolling plains.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.299374580383301, "source": "wiki", "title": "Portugal" }, { "answer": "Tagus", "passage": "There are more than 100 freshwater fish species, varying from the giant European catfish (in the Tagus International Natural Park) to some small and endemic species that live only in small lakes (along the western portion of country, for example). Some of these rare and specific species are highly endangered because of habitat loss, pollution and drought. Up-welling along the west coast of Portugal makes the sea extremely rich in nutrients and diverse species of marine fish; the Portuguese marine waters are one of the richest in the world. Marine fish species are more common, and include thousands of species, such as the sardine (Sardina pilchardus), tuna and Atlantic mackerel. Bioluminescent species are also well represented (including species in different colour spectrum and forms), like the glowing plankton that are possible to observe in some beaches.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.463730812072754, "source": "wiki", "title": "Portugal" }, { "answer": "Tagus", "passage": "With the emergence and growth of several science parks throughout the world that helped create many thousands of scientific, technological and knowledge-based businesses, Portugal started to develop several science parks across the country. These include the Taguspark (in Oeiras), the Coimbra iParque (in Coimbra), the biocant (in Cantanhede), the Madeira Tecnopolo (in Funchal), Sines Tecnopolo (in Sines), Tecmaia (in Maia) and Parkurbis (in Covilhã). Companies locate in the Portuguese science parks to take advantage of a variety of services ranging from financial and legal advice through to marketing and technological support.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.469961166381836, "source": "wiki", "title": "Portugal" } ]

[ { "answer": "Nouvelle vague", "passage": "France is the birthplace of cinema and was responsible for many of its significant contributions to the art form and the film-making process itself. Several important cinematic movements, including the Nouvelle Vague, began in the country. It is noted for having a particularly strong film industry, due in part to protections afforded by the French government.", "precise_score": 0.942223072052002, "rough_score": 1.6608566045761108, "source": "wiki", "title": "Cinema of France" }, { "answer": "The French New Wave", "passage": "In the magazine Cahiers du cinéma founded by André Bazin, critics and lovers of film would discuss film and why it worked. Modern film theory was born there. Additionally, Cahiers critics such as Jean-Luc Godard, François Truffaut, Claude Chabrol, Jacques Rivette and Éric Rohmer went on to make films themselves, creating what was to become known as the French New Wave. Some of the first films of this new genre were Godard's Breathless (À bout de souffle, 1960), starring Jean-Paul Belmondo, Rivette's Paris Belongs to Us (Paris nous appartient, 1958 - distributed in 1961), starring Jean-Claude Brialy and Truffaut's The 400 Blows (Les Quatre Cent Coups, 1959) starring Jean-Pierre Léaud. From 1959 until 1979, Truffaut followed Léaud's character Antoine Doinel, who falls in love with Christine Darbon (Claude Jade from Hitchcock's Topaz) in Stolen Kisses, marries her in Bed & Board and separates from her in the last post-New Wave movie Love on the Run.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.856428146362305, "source": "wiki", "title": "Cinema of France" }, { "answer": "The French New Wave", "passage": "There was also an increasing awareness of foreign language cinema during this period. During the late 1950s and 1960s the French New Wave directors such as Fran�ois Truffaut and Jean-Luc Godard produced films such as Les quatre cents coups and Jules et Jim which broke the rules of Hollywood cinema's narrative structure. As well, audiences were becoming aware of Italian films like Federico Fellini's La Dolce Vita and the stark dramas of Sweden's Ingmar Bergman.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.718188285827637, "source": "search", "title": "Movie History - Filmbug" } ]

[ { "answer": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "passage": "Years before her breakout role in “Scarface,” Michelle Pfeiffer was chosen as Miss Orange County in 1978", "precise_score": 4.157189846038818, "rough_score": 3.633521556854248, "source": "search", "title": "Beauty Queens Turned Big-Time Stars! | Access Hollywood" }, { "answer": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "passage": "Michelle Pfeiffer Then: Miss Orange County 1978 Now:... Photo-4520979.17791 - Houston Chronicle", "precise_score": 2.7608087062835693, "rough_score": 3.278275489807129, "source": "search", "title": "Nancy O'DellThen: Miss South Carolina 1987, Miss America ..." }, { "answer": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "passage": "Michelle Pfeiffer Then: Miss Orange County 1978 Now:... Photo-4520979.17791 - Houston Chronicle", "precise_score": 2.7608087062835693, "rough_score": 3.278275489807129, "source": "search", "title": "Kathie Lee Gifford Then: Miss Maryland in the America's ..." }, { "answer": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "passage": "Michelle Pfeiffer 1978 Miss California Beauty Pageant", "precise_score": -1.8695008754730225, "rough_score": -1.9968219995498657, "source": "search", "title": "Michelle Pfeiffer 1978 Miss California Beauty Pageant ..." }, { "answer": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "passage": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.986427307128906, "source": "search", "title": "Nancy O'DellThen: Miss South Carolina 1987, Miss America ..." }, { "answer": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "passage": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.986427307128906, "source": "search", "title": "Nancy O'DellThen: Miss South Carolina 1987, Miss America ..." }, { "answer": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "passage": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.986427307128906, "source": "search", "title": "Kathie Lee Gifford Then: Miss Maryland in the America's ..." }, { "answer": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "passage": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.986427307128906, "source": "search", "title": "Kathie Lee Gifford Then: Miss Maryland in the America's ..." }, { "answer": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "passage": "Michelle Pfeiffer - Biography - IMDb", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.167380332946777, "source": "search", "title": "Michelle Pfeiffer - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "passage": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.986427307128906, "source": "search", "title": "Michelle Pfeiffer - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "passage": "Michelle Pfeiffer was born in Santa Ana, California, to Donna Jean (Taverna) and Richard Pfeiffer, a heating and air-conditioning contractor. She has an older brother and two younger sisters - Dedee Pfeiffer and Lori Pfeiffer , who both dabbled in acting and modeling but decided against making it their life's work. Her parents were both originally from North Dakota. Her father had German and British Isles ancestry, and her mother was of half Swiss-German and half Swedish descent.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.43949031829834, "source": "search", "title": "Michelle Pfeiffer - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "passage": "There was a study done of the faces of beautiful women, quantifying the ratio of the width of the mouth to the width of the nose, attempting to find the perfect proportions for the perfect face of feminine beauty (the ratio turns out to be something like 1.7). The movie star with the most perfect proportions for feminine facial beauty, based on this measure, turns out to be Michelle Pfeiffer .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.699921607971191, "source": "search", "title": "Michelle Pfeiffer - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "passage": "In March 2004 Pfeiifer was attached to star in a remake of Billy Wilder 's Witness for the Prosecution (1957). She was attached to star as Marlene Deitrich's character Christine Helm Vole. Her husband David E. Kelley was penning and adapting the screenplay. Agatha Christie 's grandson Mathew Prichard advised, \"The role of Christine was written for someone like Michelle Pfeiffer. She'd be perfect in it. She's gorgeous, sultry and superbly talented. Would my grandmother approve? Definitely. It'll be one of the biggest films ever based on an Agatha Christie work.\" Unfortunately the project was put on hold.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.052922248840332, "source": "search", "title": "Michelle Pfeiffer - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "passage": "Michelle Pfeiffer 1978 Miss California Beauty Pageant - YouTube", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.6527042388916016, "source": "search", "title": "Michelle Pfeiffer 1978 Miss California Beauty Pageant ..." }, { "answer": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "passage": "Michelle Pfeiffer was a participant in the 1978 Miss California Beauty Pageant. Here is a video of her in the pageant.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.1527099609375, "source": "search", "title": "Michelle Pfeiffer 1978 Miss California Beauty Pageant ..." }, { "answer": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "passage": "Stars of the '80s - Michelle Pfeiffer", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.83091926574707, "source": "search", "title": "Stars of the '80s - Michelle Pfeiffer" }, { "answer": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "passage": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.986427307128906, "source": "search", "title": "Stars of the '80s - Michelle Pfeiffer" }, { "answer": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "passage": "\"Michelle Pfeiffer, undeterred by the fiasco of Grease 2, makes one of the sexiest entrances in screen history.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.21870231628418, "source": "search", "title": "Stars of the '80s - Michelle Pfeiffer" }, { "answer": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "passage": "\"As an almost-mad housewife in Mafia Heights, Long Island, Michelle Pfeiffer is delicately riotous.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.143014907836914, "source": "search", "title": "Stars of the '80s - Michelle Pfeiffer" }, { "answer": "Michelle Pfeiffer", "passage": "\"The jewel in this setting is Susie Diamond, a chanteuse in the rough played by Michelle Pfeiffer, slinky and cynical, more Bacall than Bacall. Like the sun through a magnifying glass, she burns an image on the screen.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.451165199279785, "source": "search", "title": "Stars of the '80s - Michelle Pfeiffer" } ]

[ { "answer": "Daniel Day-Lewis", "passage": "Miller married photographer Inge Morath on February 17, 1962 and the first of their two children, Rebecca, was born September 15, 1962. Their son, Daniel, was born with Down syndrome in November 1966; he was institutionalized and excluded from the Millers' personal life at Arthur's insistence. The couple remained together until Inge's death in 2002. Arthur Miller's son-in-law, actor Daniel Day-Lewis, is said to have visited Daniel frequently, and to have persuaded Arthur Miller to reunite with him. ", "precise_score": 4.182399749755859, "rough_score": 4.299404144287109, "source": "wiki", "title": "Arthur Miller" }, { "answer": "Daniel Day-Lewis", "passage": "Off-Broadway's Signature Theatre Company, which devotes each season to one writer, celebrated the work of Mr. Miller in 1997-98, offering the premiere of Mr. Peters' Connections. Mr. Miller wrote essays (\"Tragedy and the Common Man\"), short stories, screenplays and teleplays. His screenplays include TV's \"Playing for Time,\" Hollywood's \"The Misfits\" (the picture starred Marilyn Monroe), \"Everybody Wins\" and his own film version of \"The Crucible\" starring his son-in-law, Daniel Day-Lewis. He was Academy Award-nominated for \"The Crucible.\"", "precise_score": 4.67061185836792, "rough_score": 1.2838234901428223, "source": "search", "title": "Renowned Playwright Arthur Miller, Author of Death of a ..." }, { "answer": "Daniel Day-Lewis", "passage": "Miller married photographer Inge Morath on February 17, 1962 and the first of their two children, Rebecca, was born September 15, 1962. Their son Daniel was born with Down syndrome in November 1966; he was institutionalized and excluded from the Millers’ personal life at Arthur’s insistence.[30] The couple remained together until Inge’s death in 2002. Arthur Miller’s son-in-law, actor Daniel Day-Lewis, is said to have visited Daniel frequently, and to have persuaded Arthur Miller to reunite with his adult son, Daniel.[31]", "precise_score": 3.796987771987915, "rough_score": 4.601345539093018, "source": "search", "title": "Arthur Miller - Theatre Gold" }, { "answer": "Daniel Day-Lewis", "passage": "During the early-mid 1990s, Miller wrote three new plays: The Ride Down Mt. Morgan (1991), The Last Yankee (1992), and Broken Glass (1994). In 1996, a film of The Crucible starring Daniel Day-Lewis, Paul Scofield, Bruce Davison, and Winona Ryder opened. Miller spent much of 1996 working on the screenplay to the film.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.9028356075286865, "source": "wiki", "title": "Arthur Miller" }, { "answer": "Daniel Day-Lewis", "passage": "Promoting increased access and equity to theater arts education in our schools and Increasing the number of students receiving theater arts education as an integral part of their academic curriculum. Other initiatives include effecting the certification of new theater teachers and their placement in public schools, increasing the number of theater teachers in the system from the current estimate of 180 teachers in 1800 schools, supporting professional development of all certified theater teachers, providing teaching artists, cultural partners, physical spaces, and theater ticket allocations for students The Foundation's primary purpose is to provide arts education in the New York City School system. The current canceller of the foundation is Carmen Farina, a large proponent of the common core. Alec Baldwin, Ellen Barkin, Katori Hall, Dustin Hoffman, Scarlett Johansson, Tony Kushner, Michael Mayer, Jim McElhinney, Julianne Moore, Liam Neeson, Lynn Nottage, David O. Russell, Liev Schreiber all serve on the Master Arts Council. Son-in-law Daniel Day-Lewis serves on the current board of directors. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.175251960754395, "source": "wiki", "title": "Arthur Miller" }, { "answer": "Daniel Day-Lewis", "passage": "Survivors include daughter Rebecca Miller, a screenwriter and actress, and her husband Daniel Day-Lewis; sister Joan Copeland; and Agnes Barley, reported by the Post as Mr. Miller's 34-year-old girlfriend.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.087775230407715, "source": "search", "title": "Renowned Playwright Arthur Miller, Author of Death of a ..." }, { "answer": "Daniel Day-Lewis", "passage": "In 1983, Miller traveled to China to produce and direct Death of a Salesman at the People’s Art Theatre in Beijing. The play was a success in China[34] and in 1984, Salesman in Beijing, a book about Miller’s experiences in Beijing, was published. Around the same time, Death of a Salesman was made into a TV movie starring Dustin Hoffman as Willy Loman. Shown on CBS, it attracted 25 million viewers.[11][38] In late 1987, Miller’s autobiographical work, Timebends, was published. Before it was published, it was well known that Miller would not talk about Monroe in interviews; in Timebends Miller talks about his experiences with Monroe in detail.[2] During the early 1990s Miller wrote three new plays, The Ride Down Mt. Morgan (1991), The Last Yankee (1992), and Broken Glass (1994). In 1996, a film of The Crucible starring Daniel Day-Lewis and Winona Ryder opened. Miller spent much of 1996 working on the screenplay to the film.[11] Mr. Peters’ Connections was staged Off-Broadway in 1998, and Death of a Salesman was revived on Broadway in 1999 to celebrate its fiftieth anniversary. The play, once again, was a large critical success, winning a Tony Award for best revival of a play.[39]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.824729919433594, "source": "search", "title": "Arthur Miller - Theatre Gold" }, { "answer": "Daniel Day-Lewis", "passage": "In 1962, Miller married Austrian-born photographer Inge Morath. The couple had two children, Rebecca and Daniel. Miller insisted that their son, Daniel, who was born with Down syndrome, be excluded from the family's personal life. The infant was institutionalized, and Morath reportedly tried to bring him home as a toddler but to no avail. Years later, actor Daniel Day-Lewis  who married Miller's daughter Rebecca, visited his wife's brother frequently. Day-Lewis eventually persuaded Miller to make further contact with his adult son, who had been able to establish a happy life with outside support. Daniel's existence was unknown to most of the public until after Miller's death. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.671456813812256, "source": "search", "title": "Arthur Miller - Screenwriter, Playwright - Biography.com" }, { "answer": "Daniel Day-Lewis", "passage": "Daniel Day-Lewis - Biography - IMDb", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.287452697753906, "source": "search", "title": "Daniel Day-Lewis - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Daniel Michael Blake Day-Lewis", "passage": "Born in London, England, Daniel Michael Blake Day-Lewis is the second child of Cecil Day-Lewis (A.K.A. Nicholas Blake ) (Poet Laureate of England) and his second wife, Jill Balcon . His maternal grandfather was Sir Michael Balcon , an important figure in the history of British cinema and head of the famous Ealing Studios. His older sister, Tamasin Day-Lewis , is a documentarian. His mother's family were Jewish immigrants (from Poland and Latvia), and his father was of Northern Irish and English descent. Daniel was educated at Sevenoaks School in Kent, which he despised, and the more progressive Bedales in Petersfield, which he adored. He studied acting at the Bristol Old Vic School. Daniel made his film debut in Sunday Bloody Sunday (1971), but then acted on stage with the Bristol Old Vic and Royal Shakespeare Companies and did not appear on screen again until 1982, when he landed his first adult role, a bit part in Gandhi (1982). He also appeared on British TV that year in Frost in May (1982) and BBC2 Playhouse: How Many Miles to Babylon? (1982). Notable theatrical performances include Another Country (1982-83), Dracula (1984), and The Futurists (1986).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.490468978881836, "source": "search", "title": "Daniel Day-Lewis - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Daniel Day-Lewis", "passage": "On March 19, 2013, a two-DVD set entitled \"Daniel Day-Lewis Triple Feature\", a compilation of much of the actor's performances on British TV programs from 1982 to 1986, was released in the U.S. by BBC Home Entertainment.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.788071632385254, "source": "search", "title": "Daniel Day-Lewis - Biography - IMDb" } ]

[ { "answer": "Anne Heche", "passage": "There are a few good aspects of this film. Some of the performances are great. As I said, Vince Vaughn came very close to pulling off a decent portrayal of Norman Bates. Viggo Mortensen and Juliane Moore were great together and their chemistry was very different from the characters in the original, which was a welcome change. Anne Heche may have been atrocious but, unlike Janet Leigh who was untruthfully advertised as one of the biggest stars of the film, Anne Heche was given last billing in the opening credits.", "precise_score": -6.426213264465332, "rough_score": -10.605360984802246, "source": "search", "title": "Psycho (1998) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Anne Heche", "passage": "In addition to their obvious unsuitability for the roles, the casting of Vince Vaughn and Anne Heche as Norman Bates and Marion Crane was distastefully inappropriate because Vaughn and Heche had just played lovers in Return to Paradise (1998). See more »", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.683891296386719, "source": "search", "title": "Psycho (1998) - IMDb" } ]

[ { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "“ 'Cyber' is from the Greek word for navigator. Norbert Wiener coined 'cybernetics' around 1948 to denote the study of ' teleological mechanisms ' [systems that embody goals].“ — NY Times Sunday Magazine 2007", "precise_score": 8.695082664489746, "rough_score": 8.60161018371582, "source": "search", "title": "Cybernetics — A Definition - paul pangaro" }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "\"The term \"cybernetic\" [Greek kybernetes, pilot, steersman] was coined by the mathematician Norbert Wiener in 1948 to encompass \"the entire field of control and communication theory, whether in the machine or in the animal\" ... Cybernetics is concerned with scientific investigation of systemic processes of a highly varied nature, including such phenomena as regulation, information processing, information storage, adaptation, self-organization, self-reproduction, and strategic behavior. Within the general cybernetic approach, the following theoretical fields have developed: systems theory (system), communication theory, game theory, and decision theory.\"", "precise_score": 8.834516525268555, "rough_score": 8.55877685546875, "source": "search", "title": "ASC: Foundations: Defining 'Cybernetics'" }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "coined 1948 by U.S. mathematician Norbert Wiener (1894-1964) from Greek kybernetes \"steersman\" (metaphorically \"guide, governor\") + -ics ; perhaps based on 1830s French cybernétique \"the art of governing.\"", "precise_score": 5.141643524169922, "rough_score": 7.684817790985107, "source": "search", "title": "Cybernetics | Define Cybernetics at Dictionary.com" }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "The general study of control and communication systems in living organisms and machines, especially the mathematical analysis of the flow of information. The term cybernetics was coined by Norbert Wiener, an American mathematician of the twentieth century.", "precise_score": 9.454056739807129, "rough_score": 9.03959846496582, "source": "search", "title": "Cybernetics | Define Cybernetics at Dictionary.com" }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "Cybernetics as a popularised (such as it is) science and term in this sense seems generally to be attributed (according to Chambers notably) to Norbert Wiener, 1894-1964, an American mathematician (amongst other capabilities). Wiener was part of a group of very brainy people with various specialisms (psychology, mathematics, sociology, philosophy, knowledge management), including Stefan Odobleja, Arturo Rosenblueth, Julian Bigelow, Warren McCulloch and Walter Pitts, who seem to have been at the centre of cybernetics theorizing around 1940, much based in France, where Wiener's work was first published. Other reference sources cite earlier origins and use of the word cybernetics (or translated equivalent) dating back to Plato, 428-348BC, in which he used the term in 'Republic' to describe systems of government. More recently others used the cybernetics term prior and closer to Wiener's ideas, notably André-Marie Ampère, 1775-1836, he of electromagnetism fame, and later Louis Couffignal, 1902-1966, a French 'cybernetics pioneer'. In short, the study of control and response to complex systems has been keeping great minds busy for thousands of years, and Wiener seems to regarded as the chief modern architect.", "precise_score": 7.9074296951293945, "rough_score": 7.324944972991943, "source": "search", "title": "cybernetics and the first law of cybernetics history and ..." }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "The root that became cyber first appeared in the word cybernetics, which was coined by Norbert Wiener in his book of that name in 1948. Wiener derived it from the Greek for steersman and the idea of control is central to it. We quickly had a small rash of cyber words, such as cybernetician, cybernate and cybernation; cyborg was invented about 1960 to describe a person whose abilities have been transformed or augmented by mechanical elements built into the body; followers of the BBC television series Dr. Who will remember the Cybermen; an early edition of the Avengers in October 1965 invented the term cybernaut to mean a type of robot (this programme featured the archetypical mad scientist and the writer gave him the line: “Think yourself fortunate, Mr Steed, the Cybernaut was programmed to stun, not kill.”). Generally, though, we could take it or leave it alone and the prefix settled down to a specialist and unpushy role.", "precise_score": 8.870018005371094, "rough_score": 9.124861717224121, "source": "search", "title": "World Wide Words: Cyberplague" }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "Norbert Wiener defined cybernetics in 1948 as \"the scientific study of control and communication in the animal and the machine.\" The word cybernetics comes from Greek κυβερνητική (kybernetike), meaning \"governance\", i.e., all that are pertinent to κυβερνάω (kybernao), the latter meaning \"to steer, navigate or govern\", hence κυβέρνησις (kybernesis), meaning \"government\", is the government while κυβερνήτης (kybernetes) is the governor or the captain. Contemporary cybernetics began as an interdisciplinary study connecting the fields of control systems, electrical network theory, mechanical engineering, logic modeling, evolutionary biology, neuroscience, anthropology, and psychology in the 1940s, often attributed to the Macy Conferences. During the second half of the 20th century cybernetics evolved in ways that distinguish first-order cybernetics (about observed systems) from second-order cybernetics (about observing systems).Heinz von Foerster (1981), 'Observing Systems\", Intersystems Publications, Seaside, CA. More recently there is talk about a third-order cybernetics (doing in ways that embraces first and second-order). ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.041433811187744, "source": "wiki", "title": "Cybernetics" }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "Cybernetics was borrowed by Norbert Wiener, in his book Cybernetics, to define the study of control and communication in the animal and the machine. Stafford Beer called it the science of effective organization and Gordon Pask called it \"the art of defensible metaphors\" (emphasizing its constructivist epistemology) though he later extended it to include information flows \"in all media\" from stars to brains. It includes the study of feedback, black boxes and derived concepts such as communication and control in living organisms, machines and organizations including self-organization. Its focus is how anything (digital, mechanical or biological) processes information, reacts to information, and changes or can be changed to better accomplish the first two tasks. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.676028728485107, "source": "wiki", "title": "Cybernetics" }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "Numerous papers spearheaded the coalescing of the field. In 1935 Russian physiologist P.K. Anokhin published a book in which the concept of feedback (\"back afferentation\") was studied. The study and mathematical modelling of regulatory processes became a continuing research effort and two key articles were published in 1943. These papers were \"Behavior, Purpose and Teleology\" by Arturo Rosenblueth, Norbert Wiener, and Julian Bigelow; and the paper \"A Logical Calculus of the Ideas Immanent in Nervous Activity\" by Warren McCulloch and Walter Pitts.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.207938194274902, "source": "wiki", "title": "Cybernetics" }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "Cybernetics as a discipline was firmly established by Norbert Wiener, McCulloch and others, such as W. Ross Ashby, mathematician Alan Turing, and W. Grey Walter. Walter was one of the first to build autonomous robots as an aid to the study of animal behaviour. Together with the US and UK, an important geographical locus of early cybernetics was France.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 6.660096645355225, "source": "wiki", "title": "Cybernetics" }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "[Gr.,=steersman], term coined by American mathematician Norbert Wiener Wiener, Norbert,", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.425044059753418, "source": "search", "title": "Cybernetics | Article about cybernetics by The Free Dictionary" }, { "answer": "N. Wiener", "passage": "See N. Wiener, Cybernetics (rev. ed. 1961) and The Human Use of Human Beings (1967); F. H. Fuchs, The Brain as a Computer (1973).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.973323822021484, "source": "search", "title": "Cybernetics | Article about cybernetics by The Free Dictionary" }, { "answer": "N. Wiener", "passage": "The development of electronic computers in the 1940’s (J. von Neumann and others) was of decisive importance for the formation of cybernetics. The computer opened up fundamentally new possibilities for research and actual construction of complex control systems. It remained to bring together all the material accumulated by that time and to give the new science a name. This step was taken by N. Wiener, who in 1948 published his famous book Cybernetics.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.504464626312256, "source": "search", "title": "Cybernetics | Article about cybernetics by The Free Dictionary" }, { "answer": "N. Wiener", "passage": "The study of communication and control within and between humans, machines, organizations, and society. This is a modern definition of the term cybernetics, which was first utilized by N. Wiener in 1948 to designate a broad subject area he defined as “control and communication in the animal and the machine.” A distinguishing feature of this broad field is the use of feedback information to adapt or steer the entity toward a goal. When this feedback signal is such as to cause changes in the structure or parameters of the system itself, it appears to be self-organizing. See Adaptive control", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.432010173797607, "source": "search", "title": "Cybernetics | Article about cybernetics by The Free Dictionary" }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "The term was first proposed by Norbert Wiener in the book referenced below. Originally, cybernetics drew upon electrical engineering, mathematics, biology, neurophysiology, anthropology, and psychology to study and describe actions, feedback, and response in systems of all kinds. It aims to understand the similarities and differences in internal workings of organic and machine processes and, by formulating abstract concepts common to all systems, to understand their behaviour.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 7.257719993591309, "source": "search", "title": "Cybernetics | Article about cybernetics by The Free Dictionary" }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "In modern times, the term became widespread because Norbert Wiener wrote a book called “Cybernetics” in 1948. His sub-title was “control and communication in the animal and machine”. This was important because it connects control (actions taken in hope of achieving goals) with communication (connection and information flow between the actor and the environment). So, Wiener is pointing out that effective action requires communication. Later, Gordon Pask offered conversation as the core interaction of systems that have goals.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.8621602058410645, "source": "search", "title": "Cybernetics — A Definition - paul pangaro" }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "The term itself began its rise to popularity in 1947 when Norbert Wiener used it to name a discipline apart from, but touching upon, such established disciplines as electrical engineering, mathematics, biology, neurophysiology, anthropology, and psychology. Wiener, Arturo Rosenblueth, and Julian Bigelow needed a name for their new discipline, and they adapted a Greek word meaning “the art of steering” to evoke the rich interaction of goals, predictions, actions, feedback, and response in systems of all kinds (the term “governor” derives from the same root) (Wiener 1948). Early applications in the control of physical systems (aiming artillery, designing electrical circuits, and maneuvering simple robots) clarified the fundamental roles of these concepts in engineering; but the relevance to social systems and the softer sciences was also clear from the start. Many researchers from the 1940s through 1960 worked solidly within the tradition of cybernetics without necessarily using the term, some likely (R. Buckminster Fuller) but many less obviously (Gregory Bateson, Margaret Mead).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.620086431503296, "source": "search", "title": "Cybernetics — A Definition - paul pangaro" }, { "answer": "N. Wiener", "passage": "The word �cybernetics� meaning �The theoretical study of communication and control processes in biological, mechanical, and electronic systems, especially the comparison of these processes in biological and artificial systems.� comes from Greek kubernetes, �governor�, from kubernan, �to govern.� (The American Heritage). Which notably has nothing at all to do with machines of any kind! The word �cybernetics� is first noted in the OED as being used in 1948. N. WIENER Cybernetics 19 �We have decided to call the entire field of control and communication theory, whether in the machine or in the animal, by the name Cybernetics.�", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.2170366048812866, "source": "search", "title": "The History of the Prefix “-Cyber” - laughton.com" }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "There are many definitions of cybernetics and many individuals who have influenced the definition and direction of cybernetics. Norbert Wiener, a mathematician, engineer and social philosopher, coined the word \"cybernetics\" from the Greek word meaning \"steersman.\" He defined it as the science of control and communication in the animal and the machine. Ampere, before him, wanted cybernetics to be the science of government. For philosopher Warren McCulloch, cybernetics was an experimental epistemology concerned with the communication within an observer and between the observer and his environment. Stafford Beer, a management consultant, defined cybernetics as the science of effective organization. Anthropologist Gregory Bateson noted that whereas previous sciences dealt with matter and energy, the new science of cybernetics focuses on form and pattern. For educational theorist Gordon Pask, cybernetics is the art of manipulating defensible metaphors, showing how they may be constructed and what can be inferred as a result of their existence.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 7.226696491241455, "source": "search", "title": "Definitions of Cybernetics - George Washington University" }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "\"the science of control and communication in the animal and the machine\"-Norbert Wiener", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355734825134277, "source": "search", "title": "Definitions of Cybernetics - George Washington University" }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "\"So a great variety of systems in technology and in living nature follow the feedback scheme, and it is well-known that a new discipline, called Cybernetics, was introduced by Norbert Wiener to deal with these phenomena. The theory tries to show that mechanisms of a feedback nature are the base of teleological or purposeful behavior in man-made machines as well as in living organisms, and in social systems.\" (General Systems Theory, Chapter 2)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.9783074855804443, "source": "search", "title": "ASC: Foundations: Defining 'Cybernetics'" }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "\"...[M]ost people have heard of cybernetics from Norbert Wiener or his followers. Narrowly defined it is but the art of the helmsman, to hold a course by swinging the rudder so as to offset any deviation from that course. For this the helmsman must be so informed of the consequences of his previous acts that he corrects them - communication engineers call this 'negative feedback' - for the output of the helmsman decreases the input to the helmsman. The intrinsic governance of nervous activity, our reflexes, and our appetites exemplify this process. In all of them, as in the steering of the ship, what must return is not energy but information. Hence, in an extended sense, cybernetics may be said to include the timeliest applications of the quantitative theory of information.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.7231508493423462, "source": "search", "title": "ASC: Foundations: Defining 'Cybernetics'" }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "\"...[I]t has been variously defined. At one extreme, there is the original definition, 'the science of control and communication in the animal and the machine,' advanced by Norbert Wiener when he adopted the word in 1948 in the book Cybernetics which is the first complete statement of the discipline ... At the other extreme is Louis Couffignal's proposal, put forward as an expansion in 1956, 'La Cybernetique est l'art d'assurer l'efficacite de l'action.' The gap between science and art is filled by a continuum of interpretations. Thus Stafford Beer looks upon cybernetics as the science of proper control within any assembly that is treated as an organic whole. ... Ross Ashby, on the other hand, gives emphasis to abstracting a controllable system from the flux of a real world ..., and he is concerned with the entirely general synthetic operations which can be performed upon the abstract image. He points out that cybernetics is no more restricted to the control of observable assemblies and the abstract systems that correspond to them, than geometry is restricted to describing figures in the Euclidean space which models our environment. ... For my own part, I subscribe to both Ashby's and Beer's view, finding them compatible. Their definitions are both included with Wiener's global dictum.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.110694885253906, "source": "search", "title": "ASC: Foundations: Defining 'Cybernetics'" }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "Norbert Wiener", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.397890090942383, "source": "search", "title": "ASC: Foundations: Defining 'Cybernetics'" }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "In 1943, the US National Research and Development Committee set up a group of scientists to study \"fire control\" – how to ensure accurate anti-aircraft fire, by the control of information from radar, visual tracking and range-finding. Two of the men involved in this project were Claude Shannon, a mathematician who developed what became known as \"information theory\" to understand how signals were processed, and Norbert Wiener, who thought there were parallels between control systems in machines and in organisms, and who coined the term \"cybernetics\".", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.779988765716553, "source": "search", "title": "What is life? The physicist who sparked a revolution in ..." }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "< Greek kybernḗt(ēs) helmsman, steersman (kybernē-, variant stem of kybernân to steer + -tēs agent suffix) + -ics ; term introduced by Norbert Wiener in 1948", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.041022300720215, "source": "search", "title": "Cybernetics | Define Cybernetics at Dictionary.com" }, { "answer": "Norbert Weiner", "passage": "The future offers very little hope for those who expect that our new mechanical slaves will offer us a world in which we may rest from thinking. Help us they may, but at the cost of supreme demands upon our honesty and our intelligence. [Norbert Weiner, \"God and Golem, Inc.,\" 1964]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.209217071533203, "source": "search", "title": "Cybernetics | Define Cybernetics at Dictionary.com" }, { "answer": "Norbert Wiener", "passage": "The term was first proposed by Norbert Wiener in the book referenced below. Originally, cybernetics drew upon electrical engineering, mathematics, biology, neurophysiology, anthropology, and psychology to study and describe actions, feedback, and response in systems of all kinds. It aims to understand the similarities and differences in internal workings of organic and machine processes and, by formulating abstract concepts common to all systems, to understand their behaviour.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 7.257719993591309, "source": "search", "title": "Cybernetics | Define Cybernetics at Dictionary.com" }, { "answer": "N. Wiener", "passage": "[\"Cybernetics, or control and communication in the animal and the machine\", N. Wiener, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1948]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.620706558227539, "source": "search", "title": "Cybernetics | Define Cybernetics at Dictionary.com" } ]

[ { "answer": "Elmo Lincoln", "passage": "Weissmuller was not the first actor to play Tarzan. In fact, the series began in 1918, with poorly cast, overweight Elmo Lincoln playing the lead in the silent Tarzan of the Apes. Enid Markey played Jane. Lincoln killed an actual lion in the film (remember, this was 1918, before the animal rights movement was born). He later appeared in two other Tarzan films, The Romance of Tarzan (1918) and The Adventures of Tarzan (1921).", "precise_score": 8.90167236328125, "rough_score": 8.748419761657715, "source": "search", "title": "Tarzans through Time - Infoplease" }, { "answer": "Elmo Lincoln", "passage": "His big break came with the role of young Tarzan, in the 1918 film Tarzan of the Apes. He was required to do his own stunts, such as climbing trees, swinging from vines, and interacting closely with a chimpanzee. Griffith also has several nude scenes in the first half of the film, making him one of the first pre-teens to appear on screen naked. Griffith appears before the actor portraying the adult Tarzan—Elmo Lincoln—making him the first actor to portray Tarzan in film.", "precise_score": 6.896353721618652, "rough_score": 7.1698503494262695, "source": "search", "title": "Tarzan of the Apes First ever film 1918 Gordon Griffith ..." }, { "answer": "Elmo Lincoln", "passage": "Answer: Assuming you mean the first TV Tarzan this column has a strong small-screen bias, after all that'd be actor Ron Ely, who was actually the 15th actor to go ape-man. (Elmo Lincoln was the first to discover jungle love in the 1918 big-screen feature Tarzan of the Apes .)", "precise_score": 6.534040451049805, "rough_score": 7.207845687866211, "source": "search", "title": "Who played the first Tarzan? - Today's News: Our Take ..." }, { "answer": "Elmo Lincoln", "passage": "The Internet Movie Database lists 200 movies with Tarzan in the title between 1918 and 2014. The first Tarzan movies were silent pictures adapted from the original Tarzan novels, which appeared within a few years of the character's creation. The first actor to portray the adult Tarzan was Elmo Lincoln in 1918's Tarzan Of The Apes. With the advent of talking pictures, a popular Tarzan movie franchise was developed, which lasted from the 1930s through the 1960s. Starting with Tarzan the Ape Man in 1932 through twelve films until 1948, the franchise was anchored by former Olympic swimmer Johnny Weissmuller in the title role. Weissmuller and his immediate successors were enjoined to portray the ape-man as a noble savage speaking broken English, in marked contrast to the cultured aristocrat of Burroughs's novels.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 7.078049659729004, "source": "wiki", "title": "Tarzan" }, { "answer": "Elmo Lincoln", "passage": "Then in 1941,after a two year hiatus,the fifth entry in the series was really standard kiddie fare with \"Tarzan's Secret Treasure\". Tarzan saves an expedition from a savage tribe only to be repaid by having greedy hunters hold Boy and Jane hostage. They want Tarzan's help in finding a secret cache of gold hidden in the jungle. But Tarzan doesn't take kindly to threats against his family and teaches those evil-doers a lesson they'll never forget! This one was action-packed and it does show Weissmuller doing some of his own stunts. Then,in 1942,the last and final entry in the MGM Tarzan series titled \"Tarzan's New York Adventure\",marked Maureen O'Sullivan's final appearance as Jane. This one is so-so adventure with some very humorous moments when Tarzan meets the big city. When Boy is kidnapped by a evil circus owner,Tarzan,Jane and Cheta head out to rescue him.Then Tarzan shows off his jungle prowless by climbing skyscrapers and diving off the Brooklyn Bridge into the East River. This final Tarzan entry for both Weissmuller and O'Sullivan showcases some very interesting cameo appearances including one which features Elmo Lincoln,the screen's first Tarzan in a cameo appearance.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.803122520446777, "source": "search", "title": "Tarzan the Ape Man (1932) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Elmo Lincoln", "passage": "According to the Internet Movie Database, there have been nearly 80 feature films to star the character of Tarzan. If The Guinness Book of World Records is to be trusted (and I trust it), Edgar Rice Burroughs’ famous ape man has been adapted to film third most of any literary figure, which is not to mention all the TV and comic books and radio dramas to feature the character. The only other characters to have him beat are Count Dracula and Sherlock Holmes. Tarzan started his cinematic life during the silent era with the 1918 film Tarzan of the Apes, starring Elmo Lincoln. Most of this generation may be more directly familiar with Disney’s 2000 animated film, or its two straight-to-video sequels, or perhaps the oddball Broadway musical based on the animated film. Promised for released in 2013 is another Tarzan film starring young hunk Kellan Lutz (from the Twilight movies) as Tarzan, and Spencer Locke as Jane. But Tarzan is one of those immortal movie characters, like Dracula or King Kong, that most Americans seem to just intuitively know about. His presence has leaked throughout popular culture in such a way that he has invaded even the smallest corners. You don’t really need to explain a Tarzan reference to a little kid. Somehow, without reading the books or perhaps without even seeing the movies, they have gained knowledge of Tarzan.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.6210522651672363, "source": "search", "title": "The Series Project: Tarzan (Part 1) - CraveOnline" }, { "answer": "Elmo Lincoln", "passage": "It wasn't long until Hollywood took notice of this popular literary character and decided that he should become a movie character too. The 1918 silent film Tarzan of the Apes starred Elmo Lincoln in the title role. It was a hit and Hollywood had a new hero, one that continues to enthrall movie-goers to this day.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.464646577835083, "source": "search", "title": "Actors Who Have Played Tarzan | ReelRundown" }, { "answer": "Elmo Lincoln", "passage": "Elmo Lincoln", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.469867706298828, "source": "search", "title": "Actors Who Have Played Tarzan | ReelRundown" }, { "answer": "Elmo Lincoln", "passage": "Big, barrel-chested Elmo Lincoln was the first actor to bring Tarzan to the big screen, in the 1918 silent film, Tarzan of The Apes. Edgar Rice Burroughs wasn't impressed with Lincoln and didn't want him to play the role. Rice preferred actor Stellen Windrow, who had given up acting at the outbreak of World War I. This left the role available for Lincoln.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 7.01923131942749, "source": "search", "title": "Actors Who Have Played Tarzan | ReelRundown" }, { "answer": "Elmo Lincoln", "passage": "When producers at Numa Pictures wanted to make another Tarzan film, they approached Elmo Lincoln to reprise his role, but he refused. At 28, New York City firefighter Joseph C. Pohler stood 6' 2\" and weighed 215 pounds. He was the perfect choice.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.508684515953064, "source": "search", "title": "Actors Who Have Played Tarzan | ReelRundown" }, { "answer": "Elmo Lincoln", "passage": "Merrill was Elmo Lincoln's stunt double in the 1921 movie serial, The Adventures of Tarzan. In 1928 he wore the loincloth again in Tarzan the Mighty, replacing actor/stuntman Joe Bonomo.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 6.904196262359619, "source": "search", "title": "Actors Who Have Played Tarzan | ReelRundown" } ]

[ { "answer": "Cecil B. Demille", "passage": "Quinn's first wife was the adopted daughter of Cecil B. DeMille, the actress Katherine DeMille; they wed in 1937. The couple had five children: Christopher (1939–1941), Christina (born December 1, 1941), Catalina (born November 21, 1942), Duncan (born August 4, 1945), and Valentina (born December 26, 1952).[http://www.anthonyquinn.com/h09/Quinn_Chronology.pdf \"Chronology of Anthony Quinn and Related World Events\"] AnthonyQuinn.com; accessed March 30, 2015. Their first child, Christopher, aged two, drowned in the lily pond of next-door neighbor W.C. Fields.", "precise_score": -1.0793311595916748, "rough_score": 1.3631713390350342, "source": "wiki", "title": "Anthony Quinn" }, { "answer": "Cecil B. Demille", "passage": "Anthony Quinn was born Antonio Rudolfo Oaxaca Quinn on April 21, 1915, in Chihuahua, Mexico, to Manuela (Oaxaca) and Francisco Quinn, who became an assistant cameraman at a Los Angeles (CA) film studio. His paternal grandfather was Irish, and the rest of his family was Mexican. After starting life in extremely modest circumstances in Mexico, his family moved to Los Angeles, where he grew up in the Boyle Heights and Echo Park neighborhoods. He attended Polytechnic High School and later Belmont High, but eventually dropped out. The young Quinn boxed (which stood him in good stead as a stage actor, when he played Stanley Kowalski in \"A Streetcar Named Desire\" to rave reviews in Chicago), then later studied architecture under Frank Lloyd Wright at the great architect's studio, Taliesin, in Arizona. Quinn was close to Wright, who encouraged him when he decided to give acting a try. After a brief apprenticeship on stage, Quinn hit Hollywood in 1936 and picked up a variety of small roles in several films at Paramount, including an Indian warrior in The Plainsman (1936), which was directed by the man who later became his father-in-law, Cecil B. DeMille .", "precise_score": 3.8158700466156006, "rough_score": 7.165238380432129, "source": "search", "title": "Anthony Quinn - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Cecil B. Demille", "passage": "* Cecil B. DeMille (The Ten Commandments - 1956)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.93795394897461, "source": "wiki", "title": "Film director" }, { "answer": "Cecil B. Demille", "passage": "He did not get along well with his first father-in-law, legendary producer-director Cecil B. DeMille , though they later developed a civil relationship.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.1316795349121094, "source": "search", "title": "Anthony Quinn - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Cecil B. Demille", "passage": "Quinn was close to Wright, who encouraged him when Quinn decided to give acting a try. After a brief apprenticeship in theater, Quinn hit Hollywood in 1936 and picked up a variety of small roles in several films at Paramount, including an Indian warrior in The Plainsman (1936), which was directed by the man who later became his father-in-law, Cecil B. DeMille. As a contract player at Paramount, Quinn mainly played villains and ethnic types, such as an Arab chieftain in the Bing Crosby-'Bob Hope' vehicle Road to Morocco (1942). As a Mexican national (he did not become an American citizen until 1947), he was exempt from the draft. With many actors in the service fighting World War II, Quinn was able to move up into better supporting roles. He had married DeMille's daughter Katherine DeMille, which enabled him to move in the top circles of Hollywood society. He became disenchanted with his career and did not renew his Paramount contract despite the advice of others, including his father-in-law (whom Quinn felt never accepted him due to his Mexican roots). Instead, he returned to the stage to hone his craft. His portrayal of Stanley Kowalski in \"A Streetcar Named Desire\" in Chicago and on Broadway (where he replaced the legendary Marlon Brando, who is forever associated with the role) made his reputation and boosted his film career when he returned to the movies. Brando and Elia Kazan, who directed \"Streetcar\" on Broadway and on film, were crucial to Quinn's future success. Kazan, knowing the two were potential rivals due to their acclaimed portrayals of Kowalski, cast Quinn as Brando's brother in his biographical film of Mexican revolutionary Emiliano Zapata, Viva Zapata! (1952). Quinn won the Best Supporting Actor Academy Award for 1952, making him the first Mexican-American to win an Oscar. It was not to be his lone appearance in the winner's circle: he won his second Supporting Actor Oscar in 1957 for his portrayal of Paul Gauguin in Vincente Minnelli's biographical film of Vincent van Gogh, Lust for Life (1956), opposite Kirk Douglas. Over the next decade Quinn lived in Italy and became a major figure in world cinema, as many studios shot films in Italy to take advantage of the lower costs (\"runaway production\" had buffeted the industry since its beginnings in the New York / New Jersey area since the 1910s). He appeared in several Italian films, giving one of his greatest performances as the circus strongman who brutalizes the sweet soul played by Giulietta Masina in her husband Federico Fellini's masterpiece La strada (1954). Alternating between Europe and Hollywood, Quinn built his reputation and entered the front-rank of character actors and character leads. He received his third Oscar nomination (and first for Best Actor) for George Cukor's Wild Is the Wind (1957). He played a Greek resistance fighter against the Nazi occupation in the monster hit The Guns of Navarone (1961) and received kudos for his portrayal of a once-great boxer on his way down in Rod Serling's Requiem for a Heavyweight (1962). He went back to playing ethnic parts, such as an Arab warlord in David Lean's masterpiece Lawrence of Arabia (1962), and he played the eponymous lead in the \"sword-and-sandal\" blockbuster Barabbas (1961). Two years later he reached the zenith of his career, playing Zorba the Greek in the 1964 film of the same name (a.k.a. Zorba the Greek (1964)), which brought him his fourth, and last, Oscar nomination as Best Actor. The 1960s were kind to him: he played character leads in such major films as The Shoes of the Fisherman (1968/II) and The Secret of Santa Vittoria (1969). However, his appearance in the title role in the film adaptation of John Fowles' novel, The Magus (1968), did nothing to save the film, which was one of that decade's notorious turkeys. In the 1960s Quinn told Life magazine that he would fight against typecasting. Unfortunately, the following decade saw him slip back into playing ethnic types again, in such critical bombs as The Greek Tycoon (1978). He starred as the Hispanic mayor of a southwestern city in the short-lived 1971 TV series \"The Man and the City\" (1971), but his career lost its momentum during the 1970s. Aside from playing a thinly disguised Aristotle Onassis in the cinematic roman-a-clef \"The Greek Tycoon\", his other major roles of the decade was as Hamza in the controversial 1977 movie The Message (1977) (a.k.a. \"Mohammad, Messenger of God\", as the Italian patriarch in The Inheritance (1976), yet another Arab in Caravans (1978) and a Mexican patriarch in The Children of Sanchez (1978). In 1983 he reprised his most famous role, Zorba the Greek, t on Broadway in the revival of the musical \"Zorba\", for 362 performances. Though his film career slowed during the 1990s, he continued to work steadily in films and television. Quinn lived out the latter years of his life in Bristol, Rhode Island, where he operated a restaurant. He died in hospital in Boston from pneumonia and respiratory failure linked to his battle with throat cancer. He was 86 years old.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.5341341495513916, "source": "search", "title": "Anthony Ruldolph Oaxaca Quinn - Citytomb" }, { "answer": "Cecil B. Demille", "passage": "Quinn's personal life was as volatile and passionate as the characters he played in films. His first wife was the adopted daughter of Cecil B. DeMille, the actress Katherine DeMille, whom he married in 1937. The couple had five children: Christopher (born 1939), Christina (born December 1, 1941), Catalina (born November 21, 1942), Duncan (born August 4, 1945), and Valentina (born December 26, 1952). Their first child, Christopher, aged 2, drowned in the lily pond of next-door neighbor W.C. Fields. In 1965, Quinn and DeMille were divorced due to his affair with Italian costume designer Jolanda Addolori whom he married in 1966. They had three children: Francesco Quinn (March 22, 1963 – August 5, 2011), Danny (born April 16, 1964), and Lorenzo Quinn (born May 7, 1966). The union ended in 1997, after Quinn had children with his secretary, Katherine Benvin. He then married Benvin, he had two children, Antonia Quinn (born July 23, 1993) and Ryan Nicholas Quinn (born July 5, 1996). Quinn and Benvin remained together until his death. Quinn also had two more children with Friedel Dunbar: Sean Quinn (born February 7, 1973), a New Jersey real estate agent, and Alexander Anthony Quinn (born December 30, 1976), an event producer in Los Angeles, CA.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.7204320430755615, "source": "search", "title": "Anthony Ruldolph Oaxaca Quinn - Citytomb" } ]

[ { "answer": "Clint Eastwood", "passage": "\"Do you feel lucky, punk?\" – Clint Eastwood as Harry Callahan in Dirty Harry", "precise_score": -9.294268608093262, "rough_score": -10.520089149475098, "source": "search", "title": "List of misquotations - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Clint Eastwood", "passage": "6. Clint Eastwood", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.528846740722656, "source": "search", "title": "Scott's Tip Of The Day: Top 10 People Who Squint Too Much" } ]

[ { "answer": "Neil Jordan", "passage": "The Crying Game is a 1992 British-Irish psychological thriller drama film written and directed by Neil Jordan. The film explores themes of race, gender, nationality, and sexuality against the backdrop of the Irish Troubles. ", "precise_score": 8.817000389099121, "rough_score": 7.804445266723633, "source": "wiki", "title": "The Crying Game" }, { "answer": "Neil Jordan", "passage": "The first part of The Crying Game is based on a great short story by Frank O'Connor, \"Guests of the Nation.\" The balance of this provocative, brilliantly made film takes you on a journey fueled by guilt, romance, terrorist intrigue, and a plot twist that ranks as one of the most startling in all cinema. The acting, by Forest Whitaker, Stephen Rea, Jaye Davidson, and others, is all first-rate; the cinematography and score are stellar; and Neil Jordan directs with vigor and empathy.", "precise_score": 6.157875061035156, "rough_score": 6.073127269744873, "source": "search", "title": "The Crying Game (1992) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Neil Jordan", "passage": "Photo: Neil Jordan, who wrote the screenplay of \"The Crying Game\" and directed the imported hit. (Bart Bartholomew for The New York Times)", "precise_score": 9.978663444519043, "rough_score": 9.646360397338867, "source": "search", "title": "'The Crying Game' - The Healing Powers Of a Successful ..." }, { "answer": "Neil Jordan", "passage": "Neil Jordan first drafted the screenplay in the mid-1980s under the title The Soldier's Wife, but shelved the project after a similar film was released. He sought to begin production of the film in the early nineties, but found it difficult to secure financing. Potential investors were discouraged by his recent string of box office flops, as well as the difficult themes of the script; most studio heads believed the role to be un-castable.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.745698928833008, "source": "wiki", "title": "The Crying Game" }, { "answer": "Neil Jordan", "passage": "The film was shown at festivals in Italy, the US and Canada in September, and originally released in Ireland and the UK in October 1992, where it failed at the box office. Director Neil Jordan, in later interviews, attributed this' failure to the film's heavily political undertone, particularly its sympathetic portrayal of an IRA fighter. The bombing of a pub in London is specifically mentioned as turning the English press against the film. (See List of terrorist incidents in London, 12 October 1992.) ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.00493049621582, "source": "wiki", "title": "The Crying Game" }, { "answer": "Neil Jordan", "passage": "* Best Original Screenplay – Neil Jordan (Win)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.32336950302124, "source": "wiki", "title": "The Crying Game" }, { "answer": "Neil Jordan", "passage": "* Best Director – Neil Jordan", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.317307472229004, "source": "wiki", "title": "The Crying Game" }, { "answer": "Neil Jordan", "passage": "The famous secret of The Crying Game (1992, LIVE, R, $94.98), I presume, has by now been revealed to anyone with the slightest interest in it. So, as the tape and disc versions of the film arrive in stores, it’s time to examine whether the secret was really central to the success of the movie. I am convinced it was. Indeed, the idea of the secret was much more important than the secret itself, for one reason: The number of people interested in seeing a romance involving a transvestite is greater than the number of people prepared to admit that they are. Imagine if The Crying Game had advertised its walk on the wild side, so audiences knew the secret going in. Would it have made $62 million? Not likely. The movie provided a safe way to satisfy voyeuristic curiosity. Ads for it read: ”The movie everyone is talking about, but no one is giving away its secrets.” This was the literal truth. Still, a message was getting across in all the talk about the secret. People put a note in their voices that implied the secret had nothing to do with the identity of a murderer or the location of buried treasure. It was clearly sexual in nature. And in our time there is only one sexual secret, and it is exactly the secret in The Crying Game. Many who went to see the movie could say they were going to a thriller, or a romance, whatever-certainly not to a film involving homosexuality. But they might have been disappointed if the secret had not been the one they were prepared for. Neil Jordan, who wrote and directed The Crying Game, says he decided only late in his writing that Dil, the character played by Oscar-nominee Jaye Davidson, was a man. Then everything clicked. True, the movie would not have worked as well if Dil had been a biological female, because the movie’s strategy is to upset our expectations. The fact that Dil is black is an important part of this strategy, because it allows one taboo to mask another: ”She’s not your type,” Jody, a kidnapped British soldier (Forest Whitaker) tells Fergus, his IRA captor (Stephen Rea), and we are led to believe he’s referring to race. The opening scene, as Jody picks up a woman at a carnival, is deceptive in two ways (Jody is not a straight male, the woman is not a pickup but a terrorist), and the screenplay repeatedly sets up situations only to knock them down. Jordan plays with us almost diabolically. He knows ’90s audiences are accustomed to formula screenplays that are merely a predictable sequence of events. But The Crying Game continually redefines itself. By the end we finally know it is not about pickups, terrorists, hostages, girlfriends, assassination attempts, or even gay romance. What it is really about is finding someone you like and trust: Standing, as the final song tells us, by your man. Was I surprised by the secret? Yes, and no. There were moments in the first scenes between Davidson and Rea when it occurred to me that perhaps all was not as it seemed. But I rejected my suspicions because I thought it was too much to hope that a filmmaker would so audaciously challenge the expectations of his audience. Movies in our time are tame and safe, careful to supply what the audience expects and nothing else. Audiences might have caught on to the secret more quickly in the ’60s and ’70s, when we went to the movies expecting to be challenged. For many of its younger viewers-first in theaters and now on video-The Crying Game must be a revelation. They know movies can amaze and entertain. But they might not know they can surprise, and keep on surprising, all the way from the beginning to the end. A", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.0143011808395386, "source": "search", "title": "The Crying Game | EW.com" }, { "answer": "Neil Jordan", "passage": "HOLLYWOOD, Jan. 15— Less than two years ago, Neil Jordan considered giving up the movie business. \"The movies were getting worse and worse, the business seemed more difficult to get anything through,\" he said. \"You looked at what was coming out: such paucity of invention. I kept thinking, 'Why not take up something more rewarding?' \"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.350456237792969, "source": "search", "title": "'The Crying Game' - The Healing Powers Of a Successful ..." }, { "answer": "Neil Jordan", "passage": "The Neil Jordan Picture Pages", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.288384437561035, "source": "search", "title": "The Neil Jordan Picture Pages - SuperiorPics.com" }, { "answer": "Neil Jordan", "passage": "“The only reason I ever want to make movies is if there are characters that find bits of themselves that they didn't understand. I don't believe we are fully rational beings. I don't believe that any explanation that we ever give for our behavior is adequate.” Neil Jordan", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.405076026916504, "source": "search", "title": "The Neil Jordan Picture Pages - SuperiorPics.com" }, { "answer": "Neil Jordan", "passage": "Academy Award winning Irish filmmaker Neil Jordan first came to fame in Ireland as a successful fiction writer. He made his debut as a screenwriter and director with “Angel” (1982) and gained international recognition thanks to “The Company of Wolves” (1984), from which he picked up two Sitges - Catalonian International Film Festival Awards, a Fantafestival Award, three Fantasforto Awards, a London Critics Circle Film Award and an Avoriaz Fantastic Film Festival Award. Jordan's real success came with “Mona Lisa” (1986), starring Bob Hoskins, when he nabbed a Golden Palm nomination at the 1986 Cannes Film Festival and nominations at the Golden Globes, Writers Guild of America and BAFTA Awards for his direction and screenplay. Jordan made his Hollywood debut with the ill fated comedy “High Spirits” (1988) and after another flop, “We're No Angels” (1989), he returned to Irish cinema and scored a revival with “The Miracle” (1991), from which he picked up a Golden Berlin Bear nomination and an Evening Standard British Film Award for his effort. His biggest victory came with the critically acclaimed thriller “The Crying Game” (1992) when he received an Oscar for his screenplay. He was also nominated for an Oscar for his direction. Other honors he received for the film included a BAFTA Award, an Independent Spirit Award, two London Critics Circle Film Awards, a Writers Guild of America Award and an Evening Standard British Film Award. He has since directed and/or written “Interview with the Vampire: The Vampire Chronicles” (1994), “Michael Collins” (1996), “The Butcher Boy” (1997), “The End of the Affair” (1999, earned a Golden Globe nomination and BAFTA nominations), “In Dreams” (1999), “The Good Thief” (2002), “Breakfast on Pluto” (2005, netted two IFTA Awards), “The Brave One” (2007) and “Ondine” (2009). Jordan has also published an award winning collection of short stories titled “Night in Tunisia” (1976) and a string of acclaimed novels, including “The Past” (1980), “The Dream of a Beast” (1983), “Sunrise with Sea Monster” (1994) and “Shade” (2005).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.534919261932373, "source": "search", "title": "The Neil Jordan Picture Pages - SuperiorPics.com" }, { "answer": "Neil Jordan", "passage": "“I grew up in a respectable, lower-middle class home. Our family was quite educated; my mother was a painter and stuff like that and I didn't chop up my next door neighbor. But I remember those emotions. It was a very strange world. Ireland is very grey and it seems like nothing has changed for centuries. The only bits of color were in churches with statues and gaudy religious vestments. It was a very insanely Catholic country and you have an educational system run by celibate men in skirts, which is bizarre in itself. But, there's just a sweet irrationality to the whole place.” Neil Jordan (about growing up in Ireland)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.43355655670166, "source": "search", "title": "The Neil Jordan Picture Pages - SuperiorPics.com" }, { "answer": "Neil Patrick Jordan", "passage": "On February 25, 1950, in Sligo, Ireland, Neil Patrick Jordan was born to a university professor named Michael Jordan (died in 1984) and a painter named Angela. He attended St. Paul's School in Dublin and in 1972 earned a degree in English literature and Irish history from the University College, National University of Ireland, in Dublin. He began writing short stories when he was a teenager. He also played the saxophone and guitar in an Irish rock band when he was younger.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.028752326965332, "source": "search", "title": "The Neil Jordan Picture Pages - SuperiorPics.com" }, { "answer": "Neil Jordan", "passage": "Neil Jordan launched a career as a fiction writer in Ireland. In 1976, he released a successful collection of short stories titled “Night in Tunisia” and won the Guardian Fiction Prize for the book. Also in 1976, the cofounder of the Irish Writers Co-operative received a grant from the British Arts Council. Three years later, Jordan made his television writing debut with “Miracles & Miss Langan,” directed by Pat O'Connor. He went on to write two more plays for Irish television, one of which titled “Night of Tunisia,” was based on his short stories of the same name. It was filmed by Pat O' Connor in 1983 and broadcasted as part of PBS' “Channel Crossings” in 1993.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.190400123596191, "source": "search", "title": "The Neil Jordan Picture Pages - SuperiorPics.com" } ]

[ { "answer": "Bruce Laingen", "passage": "Bruce Laingen was Charge d’affaires of the embassy and was one of three people who spent most of that time held hostage at the Foreign Ministry. In this interview, conducted by Charles Stuart Kennedy starting in January 1993, he discusses the run-up to the takeover, his stay at the Ministry, the “Canadian caper,” which became the inspiration for the movie Argo, and the negotiations which led to their eventual release.", "precise_score": -2.344419479370117, "rough_score": -7.59139347076416, "source": "search", "title": "The Iran Hostage Crisis — Part I - Association for ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "In 1954, when Jacobo Arbenz of Guatemala accepted the support of communists and attacked holdings of the United Fruit Company, the US decided to assist Guatemalan counter-revolutionaries in overthrowing Arbenz. These interventionist tactics featured use of the CIA rather than the military, which was used in Latin America for the majority of the Cold War in events including the overthrow of Salvador Allende. Latin America was more concerned with issues of economic development, while the United States focused on fighting communism, even though the presence of communism was small in Latin America.", "precise_score": -3.0746452808380127, "rough_score": -6.388025760650635, "source": "wiki", "title": "Latin America" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "By 1959, Cuba was afflicted with a corrupt dictatorship under Batista, and Fidel Castro ousted Batista that year and set up the first communist state in the hemisphere. The United States imposed a trade embargo on Cuba, and combined with Castro's expropriation of private enterprises, this was detrimental to the Cuban economy. Around Latin America, rural guerrilla conflict and urban terrorism increased, inspired by the Cuban example. The United States put down these rebellions by supporting Latin American countries in their counter guerrilla operations through the Alliance for Progress launched by President John F. Kennedy. This thrust appeared to be successful. A Marxist, Salvador Allende, became president of Chile in 1970, but was overthrown three years later in a military coup backed by the United States. Despite civil war, high crime and political instability, most Latin American countries eventually adopted bourgeois liberal democracies while Cuba maintained its socialist system.", "precise_score": 3.293945074081421, "rough_score": 0.1333678811788559, "source": "wiki", "title": "Latin America" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "When Salvador Allende took power in Chile a decade ago, he was the world's first freely-elected Marxist president. Major newspapers sized it up as the most important event in Latin America since Fidel Castro, nearly a dozen years earlier, had swept down from the Sierra Maestra to seize power in Havana. Three years later Allende died in the rocket-blasted rubble of his presidential palace. He would rise from the dead to be transformed into what English writer David Holden would describe as the world's most potent cult figure since Che Guevara. - Jacket flap.  Read more...", "precise_score": 9.937993049621582, "rough_score": 7.950204849243164, "source": "search", "title": "Allende, death of a Marxist dream (Book, 1981) [WorldCat.org]" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "When Salvador Allende took power in Chile a decade ago, he was the world's first freely-elected Marxist president. Major newspapers sized it up as the most important event in Latin America since Fidel Castro, nearly a dozen years earlier, had swept down from the Sierra Maestra to seize power in Havana. Three years later Allende died in the rocket-blasted rubble of his presidential palace. He would rise from the dead to be transformed into what English writer David Holden would describe as the world's most potent cult figure since Che Guevara. - Jacket flap.", "precise_score": 10.111202239990234, "rough_score": 8.039897918701172, "source": "search", "title": "Allende, death of a Marxist dream (Book, 1981) [WorldCat.org]" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Presenter: As we were saying earlier, the military takeover in Chile has ousted Salvador Allende who had been the world's one and only elected Marxist President.", "precise_score": 5.392684459686279, "rough_score": -6.506017684936523, "source": "search", "title": "Latin America's leftist leaders - Rear Vision - ABC Radio ..." }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Reporter: Allende had long blamed the United States for much of his strife, and in particular, the CIA. The Marxist President charged Washington with trying to isolate and finally strangle Chile economically, while at the same time providing encouragement and financial support to Allende's political enemies. The Nixon Administration denied having any such involvement, though it made clear its opposition to Marxism in Latin America in any form.", "precise_score": 1.8588229417800903, "rough_score": -4.116461277008057, "source": "search", "title": "Latin America's leftist leaders - Rear Vision - ABC Radio ..." }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Salvador Allende, an avowed Marxist, becomes president of Chile after being confirmed by the Chilean congress. For the next three years, the United States would exert tremendous pressure to try to destabilize and unseat the Allende government.", "precise_score": 4.711221218109131, "rough_score": -5.761327743530273, "source": "search", "title": "Leftist Salvador Allende elected president of Chile - Oct ..." }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "In 1970, Salvador Allende Gossens , head of the Popular Unity party, a coalition of leftist political parties, won a plurality of votes in the presidential election and became the first Marxist to be elected president by popular vote in Latin America. Allende, in an attempt to turn Chile into a socialist state, nationalized many private companies, instituted programs of land reform, and, in foreign affairs, sought closer ties with Communist countries.", "precise_score": 9.538874626159668, "rough_score": 5.8170013427734375, "source": "search", "title": "Chile: History - Infoplease: Encyclopedia, Almanac, Atlas ..." }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Allende was an unsuccessful candidate for president in 1952, 1958 and 1964. When he was elected as president in 1970 he became the first Marxist to gain power in a free democratic election. The new government faced serious economic problems. Inflation was running at 30 per cent and over 20 per cent of the male adult population were unemployed. It was estimated that half of the children under 15 suffered from malnutrition.", "precise_score": 3.8631398677825928, "rough_score": -2.4289658069610596, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Contemporary literature in the region is vibrant and varied, ranging from the best-selling Paulo Coelho and Isabel Allende to the more avant-garde and critically acclaimed work of writers such as Diamela Eltit, Giannina Braschi, Ricardo Piglia, or Roberto Bolaño. There has also been considerable attention paid to the genre of testimonio, texts produced in collaboration with subaltern subjects such as Rigoberta Menchú. Finally, a new breed of chroniclers is represented by the more journalistic Carlos Monsiváis and Pedro Lemebel.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.315195083618164, "source": "wiki", "title": "Latin America" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Allende, death of a Marxist dream (Book, 1981) [WorldCat.org]", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.977620124816895, "source": "search", "title": "Allende, death of a Marxist dream (Book, 1981) [WorldCat.org]" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Allende, death of a Marxist dream", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.394643783569336, "source": "search", "title": "Allende, death of a Marxist dream (Book, 1981) [WorldCat.org]" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Leftist Salvador Allende elected president of Chile - Oct 24, 1970 - HISTORY.com", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.420799255371094, "source": "search", "title": "Leftist Salvador Allende elected president of Chile - Oct ..." }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Leftist Salvador Allende elected president of Chile", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.519747734069824, "source": "search", "title": "Leftist Salvador Allende elected president of Chile - Oct ..." }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Leftist Salvador Allende elected president of Chile", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.519747734069824, "source": "search", "title": "Leftist Salvador Allende elected president of Chile - Oct ..." }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Leftist Salvador Allende elected president of Chile", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.519747734069824, "source": "search", "title": "Leftist Salvador Allende elected president of Chile - Oct ..." }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Allende’s election in 1970 was his third attempt at the presidency. In 1958, and again in 1964, Allende had run on a socialist/communist platform. In both elections, the United States government (as well as U.S. businesses such as International Telephone and Telegraph (ITT), which had significant investments in Chile) worked to defeat Allende by sending millions of dollars of assistance to his political opponents. In 1970, the United States again worked for Allende’s defeat, but he finished first out of the four candidates. However, since he had garnered less than 40 percent of the popular vote, the final decision had to be made by the Chilean congress. The United States worked feverishly to derail Allende’s selection but the election was upheld on October 24, 1970. Allende immediately confirmed the worst fears of U.S. officials when he extended diplomatic recognition to North Vietnam, North Korea, and Cuba, and also began to take action to nationalize the holdings of U.S. corporations in Chile, notably ITT and Kennecott Copper. U.S. officials also believed that Allende was supporting revolutionary activities in Latin America and viewed him as a significant threat to hemispheric security and U.S. economic interests in Chile.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.161664009094238, "source": "search", "title": "Leftist Salvador Allende elected president of Chile - Oct ..." }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Yet, Allende posed an interesting problem. Unlike Castro, he had come to power peacefully and democratically. Thus, the United States could hardly launch a Bay-of-Pigs-like attack on the Allende regime. Undaunted, the administration of President Richard Nixon began to formulate plans to destabilize the Chilean government and see to the removal of Allende. These plans came to fruition in 1973 when a coup by the Chilean military overthrew Allende and assassinated him.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.139825820922852, "source": "search", "title": "Leftist Salvador Allende elected president of Chile - Oct ..." }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Allende, Pinochet, and Present-Day Chile", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.477802276611328, "source": "search", "title": "Chile: History - Infoplease: Encyclopedia, Almanac, Atlas ..." }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Widespread domestic problems, including spiraling inflation, lack of food and consumer goods, stringent government controls, and opposition from some sectors to Allende's programs, led to a series of violent strikes and demonstrations. As the situation worsened, the traditionally neutral Chilean military began to pressure Allende; he yielded to some of their demands and appointed military men to several high cabinet positions.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.48867416381836, "source": "search", "title": "Chile: History - Infoplease: Encyclopedia, Almanac, Atlas ..." }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "In Sept., 1973, with covert American support, the armed forces staged a coup during which Allende died by his own hand; it also led to the execution, detention, or expulsion from Chile of thousands of people. Gen. Augusto Pinochet Ugarte took control of the country. The economy continued to deteriorate, even though the government sought to return private enterprise to Chile by denationalizing many industries and by compensating businesses taken over by the Allende government. In 1974, Pinochet became the undisputed leader of Chile, assuming the position of head of state, and in 1977 he abolished all political parties and restricted human and civil rights. Unemployment and labor unrest grew, although the economy improved steadily between 1976 and 1981 with the help of foreign bank loans and an increase in world copper prices. In the early 1980s, the country was plagued by a recession and foreign debt grew significantly, but the economy leveled off late in the decade.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.00121784210205, "source": "search", "title": "Chile: History - Infoplease: Encyclopedia, Almanac, Atlas ..." }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "In 1994, Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle, the son of Allende's predecessor, a Christian Democrat, and the leader of another center-left coalition, became president. Frei's free-market policies led to a massive flow of foreign investment. Pinochet stepped down as head of the army in 1998 and was made a senator for life. Later that year, during a visit to London, Pinochet was arrested and held for possible extradition to Spain, on charges stemming from his repressive regime; he was released for health reasons and returned to Chile in Mar., 2000. Falling copper prices, exacerbated by an Asian economic crisis, caused economic and social problems in 1998 and 1999.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.122739791870117, "source": "search", "title": "Chile: History - Infoplease: Encyclopedia, Almanac, Atlas ..." }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Ricardo Lagos Escobar narrowly defeated Joaquín Lavín of the right-wing Alliance for Chile in a runoff election in Jan., 2000. Lagos, the candidate of the Christian Democratic–Socialist coalition, became Chile's first Socialist president since Allende. A moderate leftist, he appointed a cabinet consisting largely of nonideological technocrats.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.335200309753418, "source": "search", "title": "Chile: History - Infoplease: Encyclopedia, Almanac, Atlas ..." }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Salvador Allende", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.508926391601562, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Salvador Allende", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.508926391601562, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Salvador Allende", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.508926391601562, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Salvador Allende was born in Valparaiso, Chile , in 1903. As a medical student he became involved in radical politics and he was arrested several times while at university.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.261940956115723, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "In 1933 Allende helped to found the Chilean Socialist Party , a Marxist organization that was opposed to the Soviet Union influenced Communist Party .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.777400016784668, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Allende was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1937 and served in the government of Pedro Aguirre Cerda as Minister of Health (1939-41). He was also senator between 1945 and 1970.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.608721733093262, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Allende's decide to take action to redistribute wealth and land in Chile . Wage increases of around 40 per cent were introduced. At the same time companies were not allowed to increase prices. The copper industry was nationalized. So also were the banks. Allende also restored diplomatic relations with Cuba , China and the German Democratic Republic .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.480897903442383, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "The CIA arranged for Michael V. Townley to be sent to Chile under the alias of Kenneth W. Enyart. He was accompanied by Aldo Vera Serafin of the Secret Army Organization (SAO). Townley now came under the control of David Atlee Phillips who had been asked to lead a special task force assigned to remove Allende.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.383074760437012, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "The CIA attempted to persuade Chile's Chief of Staff General Rene Schneider , to overthrow Allende. He refused and on 22nd October, 1970, his car was ambushed. Schneider drew a gun to defend himself, and was shot point-blank several times. He was rushed to hospital, but he died three days later. Military courts in Chile found that Schneider's death was caused by two military groups, one led by Roberto Viaux and the other by Camilo Valenzuela . It was claimed that the CIA was providing support for both groups.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.415410995483398, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Allende's attempts to build a socialist society was opposed by business interests. Later, Henry Kissinger admitted that in September 1970, President Richard Nixon ordered him to organize a coup against Allende's government. A CIA document written just after Allende was elected said: \"It is firm and continuing policy that Allende be overthrown by a coup\" and \"it is imperative that these actions be implemented clandestinely and securely so that the USG (United States government) and American hand be well hidden.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.653412818908691, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "On 11th September, 1973, a military coup removed Allende's government from power. Salvador Allende died in the fighting in the presidential palace in Santiago. General Augusto Pinochet replaced Allende as president.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.124104499816895, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "With a trial of General Augusto Pinochet increasingly unlikely here, victims of the Chilean military's 17-year dictatorship are now pressing legal actions in both Chilean and American courts against Henry A. Kissinger and other Nixon administration officials who supported plots to overthrow Salvador Allende Gossens, the Socialist president, in the early 1970's.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.719114303588867, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Relatives of General René Schneider, commander of the Chilean Armed Forces when he was assassinated in Oct. 1970 by other military officers, have taken a different approach than Mrs. Horman. Alleging summary execution, assault and civil rights violations, they filed a $3 million civil suit in Washington last fall against Mr. Kissinger, Richard M. Helms, the former director of the Central Intelligence Agency, and other Nixon-era officials who, according to declassified United States documents, were involved in plotting a military coup to keep Mr. Allende from power.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.307642936706543, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "\"My father was neither for or against Allende, but a constitutionalist who believed that the winner of the election should take office,\" René Schneider Jr. said. \"That made him an obstacle to Mr. Kissinger and the Nixon government, and so they conspired with generals here to carry out the attack on my father and to plot a coup attempt.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.97636890411377, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "The most adverse exposure was a series of revelations about more than ten years of CIA interference in Chile, from 1963 to 1973. This was one of the most massive campaigns in US intelligence annals. The earliest effort was an attempt to shape the outcome of the 1964 presidential election in Chile, when the CIA underwrote more than half of the expenses of the Christian Democratic Party's campaign. This support was directed at defeating the communist candidate, Salvador Allende. It was probably not known to the Christian Democratic candidate, Eduardo Frei. In addition to funding Frei, the CIA waged an extensive anticommunist propaganda campaign, using posters, the radio, films, pamphlets, and the press, to convince the Chileans that Allende and communism would bring to their country Soviet militarism and Cuban brutality. As part of this campaign, hundreds of thousands of copies of an anticommunist pastoral letter of Pope Pius XI were distributed. Frei won handily, but allegations of CIA involvement seeped out.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.555121421813965, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "As a result, the CIA was reluctant to play as large a role in the next Chilean presidential election, in 1970. Not only was its role smaller; it did not support a specific candidate. The effort was directed strictly against Allende and was based primarily on propaganda, employing virtually all Chilean media and some of the international press as well. The program failed when Allende won a plurality, though not a majority, of the popular vote.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.101140975952148, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Under Chilean electoral law, that threw the choice to a joint session of the legislature some seven weeks later. At the direction of the White House, the CIA moved to prevent the selection and inauguration of Allende. It attempted to induce his political opponents to manipulate the legislative election up to and including a political coup. Some 726 articles, broadcasts, editorials, and similar items were sponsored in the United States and Chile, and many briefings were given to the press. One of those, to Time magazine, reversed the magazine's attitude toward Allende. The overall effort failed, however, because of the unwillingness of the appropriate Chilean politicians to tamper with the constitutional process. Complementing the CIA effort, the US government exerted economic pressure on Chile, again to no avail. A second approach, entirely under CIA auspices, encouraged a military coup.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.022295951843262, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Allende was installed as President on November 2. Over the next three years, until 1973, the National Security Council authorized the CIA to expend some $7 million covertly to oppose Allende with propaganda, financial support for anti-Allende media in Chile, and funding for private organizations opposed to Allende. Other agencies of the US government applied economic and political pressure. On September 11, 1973, the Chilean military staged a coup in which Allende died, reportedly by suicide. The CIA did not sponsor this coup, but how much its encouragement of the 1970 coup and its continued liaison with the Chilean military encouraged the action is honestly difficult to assess. With Allende gone, the decade-long covert action program was phased out.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.989112854003906, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Reflecting the spirit of such Cold War notions, a CIA document from the month after Allende was elected president on Sept. 11, 1970, says, \"It is firm and continuing policy that Allende be overthrown by a coup\" and \"it is imperative that these actions be implemented clandestinely and securely so that the USG\" - US government - \"and American hand be well hidden.\" Whatever the details of US complicity in Pinochet's eventual seizure of power, Americans must not forget that their own democratic leaders share complicity in the disappearances, torture, and killings perpetrated after 1973 by their man in Chile.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.751569747924805, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" }, { "answer": "Allende", "passage": "Rights groups estimate that more than 3,000 people were killed after 1973 when Salvador Allende, the democratically elected president, was overthrown and allegedly took his own life with a gun given to him by his friend, Fidel Castro.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.64453125, "source": "search", "title": "Salvador Allende - Spartacus Educational" } ]

[ { "answer": "Sinclair Lewis", "passage": "Sinclair Lewis is awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature “for his vigorous and graphic art of description and his ability to create, with wit and humor, new types of characters.” Lewis, born in Sauk Center, Minnesota, was the first American to win the distinguished award.", "precise_score": 10.239706039428711, "rough_score": 8.337474822998047, "source": "search", "title": "An American Nobel Prize in Literature - Nov 05, 1930 ..." }, { "answer": "Sinclair Lewis", "passage": "When the Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to Sinclair Lewis, in 1930, it was the first time in the prize’s three-decade history that it had been given to an American. Lewis’s acceptance lecture was a not-especially-gracious missive aimed at his critics in the United States. Yet the curmudgeonly writer managed more expansive moments, gesturing toward the historic nature of that year’s award and remarking upon the state of American literature at the time, and on its status in the world.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 7.771450996398926, "source": "search", "title": "Why Don’t More Americans Win the Nobel Prize? - The New Yorker" }, { "answer": "Sinclair Lewis", "passage": "Part of the backlash has to do with business, since one of the primary functions of a literary prize—and the long and short lists that precede it—is to sell books. And a more crowded international field means that books from the U.K. and the Commonwealth may have less of a chance to receive a Booker bump. There is another business argument, which connects back to what Sinclair Lewis meant when he described America, in 1930, as “a land that produces eighty-story buildings, motors by the million, and wheat by the billions of bushels.” It was what the English novelist Jeanette Winterson was suggesting when she told the London Evening Standard , “This country is so in thrall to America. We’re such lapdogs to them, and that will skew things with the judges.” Images of Tony Blair following George W. Bush around came to mind, but so, too, did Lewis’s Nobel remarks about the brute force of American export capitalism. Americans would win more Bookers because they win more of everything.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.851840972900391, "source": "search", "title": "Why Don’t More Americans Win the Nobel Prize? - The New Yorker" }, { "answer": "Sinclair Lewis", "passage": "Critics in this country responded angrily , to which later Engdahl expressed his surprise, and noted that he had perhaps been speaking too generally. He stepped down as permanent secretary in 2009, and his replacement, Peter Englund, has walked back his predecessor’s indictment of American writing. But the damage was done, and commentators began to see the Nobel Prize in Literature as being actively denied to American writers, and on the same grounds that American intellectuals have long been dismissed by Europeans. Perhaps the best way to insult an American with aspirations to cosmopolitanism is to call him and his fellows ignorant rustics, functional only in English and kept safely away from real intellectual rigor and debate by geographical isolation, local peace, and relative material abundance. The Swedes had decided that we were, as Sinclair Lewis remarked back in 1930, still “a puerile backwoods clan.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.7920770645141602, "source": "search", "title": "Why Don’t More Americans Win the Nobel Prize? - The New Yorker" } ]

[ { "answer": "Autherine Juanita Lucy", "passage": "Autherine Juanita Lucy (born October 5, 1929) was the first African-American student to attend the University of Alabama, in 1956.", "precise_score": 10.106424331665039, "rough_score": 7.6060991287231445, "source": "wiki", "title": "Autherine Lucy" }, { "answer": "Autherine Lucy", "passage": "While Jones was the first black Alabama graduate, she and Hood were not the first to enroll at the school. Autherine Lucy enrolled at Alabama in 1956, but rioting broke out and her stay there was brief.", "precise_score": 8.820083618164062, "rough_score": 9.400471687316895, "source": "search", "title": "Vivian Malone Jones, First Black to Graduate From University" }, { "answer": "Autherine Lucy", "passage": "The first attempt to integrate the university occurred in 1956 when Autherine Lucy successfully enrolled on February 3 as a graduate student in library sciences after having secured a court order preventing the university from rejecting her application on the basis of race. In the face of violent protests against her attendance, Lucy was suspended (and later outright expelled) three days later by the board of trustees on the basis of being unable to provide a safe learning environment for her. The university was not successfully integrated until 1963 when Vivian Malone and James Hood registered for classes on June 11.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.303553581237793, "source": "wiki", "title": "University of Alabama" }, { "answer": "Autherine Lucy", "passage": "Governor George Wallace made his infamous \"Stand in the Schoolhouse Door\", standing in the front entrance of Foster Auditorium in a symbolic attempt to stop Malone and Hood's enrollment. When confronted by U.S. Deputy Attorney General Nicholas Katzenbach and federal marshals sent in by Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy, Wallace stepped aside. President John F. Kennedy had called for the integration of the University of Alabama, as well. Although Hood dropped out of school after two months, he subsequently returned and, in 1997, received his PhD in philosophy. Malone persisted in her studies and became the first African American to graduate from the university. In 2000, the university granted her a doctorate of humane letters. Autherine Lucy's expulsion was rescinded in 1980, and she successfully re-enrolled and graduated with a master's degree in 1992. Later in his life, Wallace apologized for his opposition at that time to racial integration. In 2010, the university formally honored Lucy, Hood and Malone by rechristening the plaza in front of Foster Auditorium as Malone-Hood Plaza and erecting a clock tower – Autherine Lucy Clock Tower – in the plaza.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.767833232879639, "source": "wiki", "title": "University of Alabama" }, { "answer": "Autherine Lucy", "passage": "On November 3, 2010, the Autherine Lucy Clock Tower was dedicated in a new space honoring her, Vivian Malone, and James Hood (the Malone-Hood Plaza)—three individuals who pioneered desegregation at the University of Alabama. The Plaza is located beside Foster Auditorium, where, in 1963, Alabama Governor George Wallace unsuccessfully attempted to bar Malone and Hood from registering at the University. The 40-foot-tall brick tower has a base displaying bronze plaques that chronicle the individual struggles of Lucy, Malone, and Hood.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.475450038909912, "source": "wiki", "title": "Autherine Lucy" }, { "answer": "Autherine Lucy", "passage": "Autherine Lucy faced riots and threats to her life, all to desegregate the university", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.465311050415039, "source": "search", "title": "This Day in History: First Black Student Enrolls at ..." }, { "answer": "Autherine Lucy", "passage": "Three days into classes, she was confronted by a group of students who were armed with rocks, eggs, and bricks, yelling racist comments and even threatening her life. The rioters were protesting her admission, leaving her to hide in the auditorium and eventually be escorted out of the building. Fortunately, she was unharmed, but later that evening she was suspended by the University Board of Trustees “for her protection.” Sadly, attorneys were unable to immediately reverse the expulsion, but several years later in 1988 it was overturned. In 1992, she proudly earned her MA in elementary education from the University of Alabama, which was extremely well deserved. Autherine Lucy will always be remembered for her bravery, persistence, strength, and ultimately achieving her lifetime goal.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.14016342163086, "source": "search", "title": "This Day in History: First Black Student Enrolls at ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Robert Goddard", "passage": "* Liquid oxygen (LOX) and gasoline – Robert Goddard's first liquid-fuel rocket", "precise_score": 8.089371681213379, "rough_score": 7.288581371307373, "source": "wiki", "title": "Liquid-propellant rocket" }, { "answer": "Robert Goddard", "passage": "The first rockets that were used in modern rocketry was invented by Dr. Robert Goddard. For this he is known as the Father of Modern Rocketry. He created the first successful liquid fuel rocket, adding the nozzle design that is so common today. The liquid fuel rocket ran on a slightly different design than its predecessor with the fuel being released from a pressure tank to a combustion chamber where it was mixed with air or another oxidizer to burn and create heated exhaust which was directed away to create thrust. This would be the design that would pave the way for modern aeronautics and eventually space exploration.", "precise_score": 9.50390625, "rough_score": 9.85741901397705, "source": "search", "title": "First Rocket - Universe Today" }, { "answer": "Robert Goddard", "passage": "Of the many inventions in Science, rocket invention tops the list. Robert Goddard launched the world's first liquid fueled rocket in Auburn,Massachusetts. It takes a rocket 8 mins to reach a speed of 15,000mph. Before Goddard most of the rockets used solid fuel to propel the rockets. The combustion gases in a solid rocket motor are at a temperature of 6,100 degrees Fahrenheit, which is two thirds the temperature on the surface of the sun.", "precise_score": 8.823860168457031, "rough_score": 9.065471649169922, "source": "search", "title": "Invention: Rocket - InnovateUs" }, { "answer": "Robert Goddard", "passage": "The liquid fuel rocket was invented by Robert Goddard . It took its first flight on March 16, 1926. Goddard developed two of the main designs which are regarded as milestones in space flight.  One was the multi-stage rocket and the second one, liquid fuel rocket design.", "precise_score": 10.910111427307129, "rough_score": 10.297019004821777, "source": "search", "title": "Invention: Rocket - InnovateUs" }, { "answer": "Robert H. Goddard", "passage": "The first flight of a liquid-propellant rocket took place on March 16, 1926 at Auburn, Massachusetts, when American professor Dr. Robert H. Goddard launched a vehicle using liquid oxygen and gasoline as propellants. The rocket, which was dubbed \"Nell\", rose just 41 feet during a 2.5-second flight that ended in a cabbage field, but it was an important demonstration that liquid-fueled rockets were possible. Goddard proposed liquid propellants about fifteen years earlier and began to seriously experiment with them in 1921.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 7.098173141479492, "source": "wiki", "title": "Liquid-propellant rocket" }, { "answer": "Robert Goddard", "passage": "Robert Goddard in 1920 published proposed improvements to rocket technology in A Method of Reaching Extreme Altitudes. In 1923, Hermann Oberth (1894–1989) published Die Rakete zu den Planetenräumen (\"The Rocket into Planetary Space\")", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.383496284484863, "source": "wiki", "title": "Rocket" }, { "answer": "Robert H. Goddard", "passage": "The first man to give hope to dreams of space travel is American Robert H. Goddard, who successfully launches the world’s first liquid-fueled rocket at Auburn, Massachusetts, on March 16, 1926. The rocket traveled for 2.5 seconds at a speed of about 60 mph, reaching an altitude of 41 feet and landing 184 feet away. The rocket was 10 feet tall, constructed out of thin pipes, and was fueled by liquid oxygen and gasoline.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.698302268981934, "source": "search", "title": "First liquid-fueled rocket - Mar 16, 1926 - HISTORY.com" }, { "answer": "Robert Goddard", "passage": "The Chinese developed the first military rockets in the early 13th century using gunpowder and probably built firework rockets at an earlier date. Gunpowder-propelled military rockets appeared in Europe sometime in the 13th century, and in the 19th century British engineers made several important advances in early rocket science. In 1903, an obscure Russian inventor named Konstantin E. Tsiolkovsky published a treatise on the theoretical problems of using rocket engines in space, but it was not until Robert Goddard’s work in the 1920s that anyone began to build the modern, liquid-fueled type of rocket that by the early 1960s would be launching humans into space.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.06299352645874, "source": "search", "title": "First liquid-fueled rocket - Mar 16, 1926 - HISTORY.com" }, { "answer": "A Method of Reaching Extreme Altitudes", "passage": "In 1919, his classic treatise A Method of Reaching Extreme Altitudes was published by the Smithsonian. The work outlined his mathematical theories of rocket propulsion and proposed the future launching of an unmanned rocket to the moon. The press picked up on Goddard’s moon-rocket proposal and for the most part ridiculed the scientist’s innovative ideas. In January 1920, The New York Times printed an editorial declaring that Dr. Goddard “seems to lack the knowledge ladled out daily in high schools” because he thought that rocket thrust would be effective beyond the earth’s atmosphere. (Three days before the first Apollo lunar-landing mission in July 1969, the Times printed a correction to this editorial.)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.249631881713867, "source": "search", "title": "First liquid-fueled rocket - Mar 16, 1926 - HISTORY.com" }, { "answer": "Robert H. Goddard", "passage": "Early in the 20th century, an American, Robert H. Goddard (1882-1945), conducted practical experiments in rocketry. He had become interested in a way of achieving higher altitudes than were possible for lighter-than-air balloons. He published a pamphlet in 1919 entitled A Method of Reaching Extreme Altitudes. It was a mathematical analysis of what is today called the meteorological sounding rocket.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.6260480880737305, "source": "search", "title": "Brief History of Rockets - Glenn Research Center" }, { "answer": "Robert Goddard", "passage": "There are other interesting articles you can find on the web. Time magazine has a great profile article on Robert Goddard. Another good resource is the NASA website which has a brief article on the history of rockets.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.807238578796387, "source": "search", "title": "First Rocket - Universe Today" }, { "answer": "Robert Goddard", "passage": "Robert Goddard and His Rockets", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.203245162963867, "source": "search", "title": "Robert Goddard and His Rockets - NASA's Polar, Wind and ..." }, { "answer": "Robert H. Goddard", "passage": "Robert H. Goddard besides", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.712804794311523, "source": "search", "title": "Robert Goddard and His Rockets - NASA's Polar, Wind and ..." }, { "answer": "Robert H. Goddard", "passage": "Early in the 20th century, an American, Robert H. Goddard (1882-1945), conducted practical experiments in rocketry. He had become interested in a way of achieving higher altitudes than were possible for lighter-than-air balloons. He published a pamphlet in 1919 entitled A Method of Reaching Extreme Altitudes. It was a mathematical analysis of what is today called the meteorological sounding rocket.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.6260480880737305, "source": "search", "title": "Rocket History - Florida International University" }, { "answer": "Robert Goddard", "passage": "His work had the mathematical formulas for space travel, space suits and even space showers for the astronauts. He suggested that liquid hydrogen and oxygen will be required to travel to space. But his work did not get any credence and was mostly ignored at that time until later when he was given the recognition in Soviet as the inventor of rocket. But Robert Goddard is credited with the liquid fuel rockets which he came up with in the 1920s. Jerome Hunsaker a rocket scientist wrote,\"Every liquid-filled rocket that flies is a Goddard rocket\". He is today credited as the Father of Space age.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 6.255729675292969, "source": "search", "title": "Invention: Rocket - InnovateUs" }, { "answer": "Robert H. Goddard", "passage": "Robert H. Goddard , an American scientist, conducted practical experiments in rocketry early in the 20th century. He had become interested in achieving higher altitudes than were possible for lighter-than-air balloons and published a pamphlet in 1919, A Method of Reaching Extreme Altitudes. It was a mathematical analysis of what is called the meteorological sounding rocket today. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.4027509689331055, "source": "search", "title": "The History of Rocket Science - Rocket Inventors" }, { "answer": "Robert Goddard", "passage": "NASA - Robert Goddard: A Man and His Rocket", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.363943099975586, "source": "search", "title": "NASA - Robert Goddard: A Man and His Rocket" }, { "answer": "Robert Goddard", "passage": "Robert Goddard: A Man and His Rocket", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.174001693725586, "source": "search", "title": "NASA - Robert Goddard: A Man and His Rocket" }, { "answer": "Robert Goddard", "passage": "On March 16, 1926, Robert Goddard successfully launched the first liquid-fueled rocket in Auburn, Mass. The first-of-its-kind rocket reached an altitude of 41 feet, lasted 2 seconds and averaged about 60 miles per hour.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.238192081451416, "source": "search", "title": "NASA - Robert Goddard: A Man and His Rocket" }, { "answer": "Robert H. Goddard", "passage": "Image to right shows Dr. Robert H. Goddard (1882-1945) and his earlier rockets. He was the first scientist to realize the potential of missiles and space flight and contributed in bringing them to realization. Credit: NASA", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.231349945068359, "source": "search", "title": "NASA - Robert Goddard: A Man and His Rocket" } ]

[ { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "Geena Davis Stunts | Danger? They're married to it No doubles: Geena Davis does her own stunts in \"Cutthroat Island,\" thanks to the director, her husband Renny Harlin. - tribunedigital-baltimoresun", "precise_score": 6.402161598205566, "rough_score": 6.308866500854492, "source": "search", "title": "Danger? They're married to it No doubles: Geena Davis does ..." }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "Danger? They're married to it No doubles: Geena Davis does her own stunts in \"Cutthroat Island,\" thanks to the director, her husband Renny Harlin.", "precise_score": 6.780243873596191, "rough_score": 6.071444988250732, "source": "search", "title": "Danger? They're married to it No doubles: Geena Davis does ..." }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "Fortunately for Geena Davis, her husband is a movie director named Renny Harlin, and that's exactly what he did to her on \"Cutthroat Island,\" the $80-million swashbuckler that's just opened.", "precise_score": 7.472497940063477, "rough_score": 6.186458110809326, "source": "search", "title": "Danger? They're married to it No doubles: Geena Davis does ..." }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "Over $100m of losses are now buried in Cutthroat Island. The pirate movie starring Geena Davis and directed by her husband, Renny Harlin, is officially Hollywood's biggest stinker, the number one loss maker of all time. The film is out on video in the US next week but is not expected to take more than $15m from rentals.", "precise_score": 8.02396011352539, "rough_score": 7.453417778015137, "source": "search", "title": "The vanity that led to a $100m bonfire | News | The ..." }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "Cutthroat Island is a 1995 pirate movie starring Geena Davis and directed by her then-husband Renny Harlin. The film has gone down in history as one of the biggest box office flops of all time; in the same league as the likes of The Adventures of Pluto Nash , Caligula , Cleopatra , Heavens Gate , and Ishtar . It wasn't that the film failed to sell tickets. It earned 10-11 million dollars in the United States market alone, the 108th most successful film of its year. But when your budget is closer to 115 million, do the math. The film's failure effectively led to the closure of Carolco Pictures. The film is thus regarded as one of the last whose failure actually destroyed the studio that produced it. The film also killed the bankability of the pirate genre, which wasn't revived until Pirates of the Caribbean took off. Although it dented their careers at the time, Davis and Harlin both seem to have gotten on more or less okay in the long run.", "precise_score": 6.860407829284668, "rough_score": 6.657373905181885, "source": "search", "title": "Cutthroat Island - All The Tropes" }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "Davis then teamed up with then-husband, director Renny Harlin, for the films Cutthroat Island and The Long Kiss Goodnight (both 1996). She and Harlin co-produced the films. Davis was nominated for the Saturn Awards for her performances as Samantha/Charlie in The Long Kiss Goodnight, and as Eleanor Little in Stuart Little (1999), a role she reprised in 2002 and again in 2005. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.493130207061768, "source": "wiki", "title": "Geena Davis" }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "She was previously married to Richard Emmolo (March 25, 1982 – February 26, 1983); actor Jeff Goldblum (1987–1990), with whom she starred in three films, Transylvania 6-5000, The Fly, and Earth Girls Are Easy; and Renny Harlin (1993–98), who directed her in Cutthroat Island and The Long Kiss Goodnight.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.943559646606445, "source": "wiki", "title": "Geena Davis" }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "Cutthroat Island is a 1995 romantic comedy action adventure film directed by Renny Harlin and written by Robert King and Marc Norman based on a story by Michael Frost Beckner, James Gorman, Bruce A. Evans, and Raymond Gideon. It stars Geena Davis, Matthew Modine, and Frank Langella. The film is an international co-production among companies in the United States, France, Germany, and Italy.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.8975515365600586, "source": "wiki", "title": "Cutthroat Island" }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "* Renny Harlin (uncredited) as Pirate with rifle", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.01452922821045, "source": "wiki", "title": "Cutthroat Island" }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "At the time the film was produced, Geena Davis and director Renny Harlin were married. Harlin convinced producer Mario Kassar to cast Davis, who was known for light comedies, in hopes that it would turn her into an action-adventure star.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.292479157447815, "source": "wiki", "title": "Cutthroat Island" }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "CUTTHROAT ISLAND. Adventure drama starring Geena Davis , Matthew Modine , Frank Langella . Directed by Renny Harlin . (PG-13, 123 minutes. At the Kabuki, Century Plaza.)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.4390649795532227, "source": "search", "title": "FILM REVIEW -- `Island' -- Geena Davis' Ship of Foolishness" }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "There must have been some other feature idea for Davis to tackle with her considerable charm and intelligence. Maybe director Renny Harlin, who's her husband, rattled her saber enough to make her want to play the part with such pert zeal that \"Cutthroat Island\" seems at times like a dizzy Gilbert & Sullivan costume show without any saucy music.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.8090195655822754, "source": "search", "title": "FILM REVIEW -- `Island' -- Geena Davis' Ship of Foolishness" }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "As a child, Geena dreamed of being an actress. While in high school, she felt left out and had low self-esteem because, at 6 feet, she was the tallest girl in school. After high school graduation, Geena entered New England College in New Hampshire and then transferred the next year to Boston University, where she majored in drama. In 1979, she graduated and moved to New York to start her career. Her career consisted of sales clerk and waitress. She worked at Ann Taylor, where she eventually rose to Saturday window mannequin while trying to get a job with a modeling agency. Eventually signed by the Zoli Agency, she wound up as a model in the Victoria Secret's Catalogue. Ever vigilant, Sydney Pollack was looking for new talent in the catalog when he spotted Geena and cast her in Tootsie (1982). With good reviews, Geena moved to Los Angeles where she was cast as Wendy in the short-lived but critically acclaimed television series Buffalo Bill (1983). A starter marriage to restaurant manager Richard Emmolo ended in divorce at about that time. Her next appearance on television was in her own series Sara (1985), which was also good, but soon canceled. Geena then returned to the big screen in the below-average Transylvania 6-5000 (1985) followed by the successful Chevy Chase movie Fletch (1985). From there on, she was on a roll with second husband Jeff Goldblum in the horror remake The Fly (1986). More successful were Tim Burton 's dark comedy Beetlejuice (1988) and The Accidental Tourist (1988). For the last film, she was the surprise winner of the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress. More fun movies followed with the flying-saucer-in-the-pool Earth Girls Are Easy (1988) and everyone-loves-a-clown Quick Change (1990) with Bill Murray . The very successful Thelma & Louise (1991), directed by Ridley Scott , again garnered Academy Award nominations for Geena and Susan Sarandon . A League of Their Own (1992), with Tom Hanks and directed by Penny Marshall , was the turning point as her next film, Hero (1992), was only average. Then she married director Renny Harlin and they set up a production and development company called \"The Forge\". Their first film was Speechless (1994), which flopped at the box office. Undeterred, Renny decided to film the big-budget Cutthroat Island (1995), starring Geena as pirate leader Morgan, which also flopped. Geena has since starred in the thriller The Long Kiss Goodnight (1996) and played Eleanor Little in Stuart Little (1999) and Stuart Little 2 (2002). She's also returned to TV, headlining The Geena Davis Show (2000) and Commander in Chief (2005). Both series were canceled after one season each, but she won a Golden Globe for the latter. Since 2001 she has been married to her fourth husband, neurosurgeon Reza Jarrahy, and they have three children. In 2008, after being missed from the big screen for some years, Geena ventured to Sydney, Australia, playing the foul-mouthed mother of Harry Cook and Harrison Gilbertson to shoot the dark comedy Accidents Happen (2009).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.5191802978515625, "source": "search", "title": "Geena Davis - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "Two of her ex-husbands have also been romantically involved with Laura Dern : Renny Harlin and Jeff Goldblum .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.299945831298828, "source": "search", "title": "Geena Davis - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "This may explain why the Carolco executives did so little to stop Cutthroat Island from running out of control financially and artistically. In times gone by a Jack Warner figure would have descended from the studio head office and told Renny Harlin and his demanding wife that they could take a hike.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.956684112548828, "source": "search", "title": "The vanity that led to a $100m bonfire | News | The ..." }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "Renny Harlin continued to justify the costs, arguing that they were necessary to convince foreign distributors that the movie would explode with the right kind of special effects, the type that made his Die Hard movie a multi-million dollar winner. Harlin flew in horses from Austria, carpenters from England, stunt men from Poland. In the interests of saving the movie and Carolco Harlin ordered 2,000 costumes, 309 firearms, 620 swords, 250 daggers and almost 100 custom-made axes.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.930023193359375, "source": "search", "title": "The vanity that led to a $100m bonfire | News | The ..." }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "Many people still think of her as the tough-girl heroine Thelma, whom she made famous in 1991's Thelma & Louise. But in real life, Davis has been on a long, arduous journey of self-discovery. After starting out as a model in her early 20s, she seemed to segue effortlessly into acting, going from playing a bit part in Tootsie to costarring in Beetlejuice to winning an Academy Award for her role in The Accidental Tourist at age 32. Davis followed her Oscar win with Thelma & Louise and the feel-good baseball comedy A League of Their Own. But just when her career seemed red-hot, it suddenly began to cool. A string of box office disappointments like Cutthroat Island didn't help; neither did getting older in an age-obsessed industry. By then divorced from actor Jeff Goldblum (she later married and split up with director Renny Harlin), Davis felt isolated and confused.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.074410319328308, "source": "search", "title": "Geena Davis from Heartbreak to Happiness - Good..." }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "Cutthroat Island [DVD]: Amazon.co.uk: Geena Davis, Matthew Modine, Frank Langella, Maury Chaykin, Patrick Malahide, Stan Shaw, Rex Linn, Paul Dillon, Christopher Masterson, Jimmy Skaggs, Harris Yulin, Carl Chase, Peter Geeves, Angus Wright, Ken Bones, Mary Pegler, Mary Peach, Lucinda Aurel, Thomas Lockyer, Roger Booth, George Murcell, Simon Atherton, Dickey Beer, Christopher Halliday, Renny Harlin: DVD & Blu-ray", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.222903251647949, "source": "search", "title": "Cutthroat Island [DVD]: Amazon.co.uk: Geena Davis, Matthew ..." }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "Although this mega-budget action epic flopped at the box office with a resounding thud, Cutthroat Island has had a healthy shelf life on home video, where the film can be savoured in private as a spectacular guilty pleasure. Geena Davis plays Morgan, the swashbuckling daughter of an aging buccaneer who inherits one-third of a map to a secret pirate treasure. However, the map is in Latin, and she needs a lowdown thief and scoundrel (and presumably Latin scholar), played by Matthew Modine, to translate the map when they obtain the other two pieces. That's when the mayhem begins and the dashing duo race for the treasure against Morgan's scheming uncle (Frank Langella) and a hoard of greedy pirates. With wall-to-wall action ably handled by Davis' then-husband Renny Harlin, Cutthroat Island is more fun than its box-office performance would indicate. --Jeff Shannon, Amazon.com", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.474795341491699, "source": "search", "title": "Cutthroat Island [DVD]: Amazon.co.uk: Geena Davis, Matthew ..." }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "Famous for being the film that bankrupted its production company (Carolco) Cutthroat Island was directed by Renny Harlin and starred Geena Davis, Matthew Modine, Frank Langella, Maury Chaykin and Patrick Malahide. It easily beats Pirates of the Caribbean and was made many years before it. If you have only seen the Johnny Depp movie, buy a copy of Cutthroat Island and you'll be blown out of the water...", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.995544910430908, "source": "search", "title": "Cutthroat Island [DVD]: Amazon.co.uk: Geena Davis, Matthew ..." }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "Cutthroat Island is directed by Renny Harlin and written by Robert King and Marc Norman. It stars Geena Davis, Matthew Modine, Frank Langella, Maury Chaykin, Patrick Malahide, Stan Shaw and Rex Linn. Music is scored by John Debney and cinematography by Peter Levy.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.9578697681427, "source": "search", "title": "Cutthroat Island [DVD]: Amazon.co.uk: Geena Davis, Matthew ..." }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "I am SO thankful to see this film with so many positive reviews!!!!! Two or three years before it's release star names were bring rumoured for a new pirate film - the first for many years! Michelle Pfeiffer's name came up as a possible lead. Time passed. But there was still excitement mounting for me. And then a title was announced to say that is was going to be called Cutthroat Island. Then a documentary appeared on television about the making off. That was a revelation: it was going to be great and Renny Harlin- and particularly GEENA DAVIS- were just SO enthusiastic. At the end she smiled broadly and said after filming was finished ''I can't believe I've got to stop being a pirate!''. Lovely stuff. It was so obvious she was having huge fun and satisfaction making it. She looked so great in the part - she was everything you wanted a female pirate to be! Yes, there really were at least two real female pirates Anne Bonney and Mary Read (my surname too). So another wait, and then a cinema release. Due to family commitments I had to wait until the last day it was being shown at our local cinema. I was so excited, so expectant. Amazingly, but true, I was the ONLY person in the cinema that afternoon!!!! When it was over it had far exceeded my expectations - TERRIFIC from start to finish. Characters, story, acting, direction, spectacle, EXCITEMENT and one of the best soundtracks ever. I nearly stood up and applauded !!! GEENA was superb as were all the cast. A REAL story of pirates (no ghostly ships, skeleton figures, etc. etc.). JUST PIRATES!! I was so dismayed to hear that it flopped at the box office and sunk Carolco. TV critics haven't done it any favours either when shown on the small screen. IT IS A GREAT FILM - and yes -- it IS better than the Pirates of the Caribbean films. Read more ›", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.7548630237579346, "source": "search", "title": "Cutthroat Island [DVD]: Amazon.co.uk: Geena Davis, Matthew ..." }, { "answer": "Renny Harlin", "passage": "Even years later I still remember being inundated with the marketing push for Cutthroat Island. TV spots were everywhere, and I specifically remember all the television tabloids like Inside Edition and Access Hollywood offering numerous “exclusive” behind-the-scenes looks at the film. Geena Davis , whose star had steadily risen for years, was being pushed as the next Hollywood superstar, an actress who could excel in both dramatic and action roles. Her husband, and Cutthroat Island’s director, Renny Harlin , was being touted with equal fervor. As the next “it” action director. The press simply couldn’t get enough of this husband and wife duo battling to resurrect a cherished but slightly forgotten genre. Cutthroat Island quickly became a looming juggernaut. A Christmas film that simply could not fail. Would not fail. That is, until it failed. Rather spectacularly as it turns out.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.971660614013672, "source": "search", "title": "Cutthroat Island - Where the Long Tail Ends" } ]

[ { "answer": "Graham Greene", "passage": "Jacqueline Bisset and Jean-Pierre Léaud in François Truffaut’s Day for Night, which also features a brief appearance by Graham Greene.", "precise_score": 5.2841033935546875, "rough_score": -1.4700430631637573, "source": "search", "title": "Day for Night – review | Film | The Guardian" }, { "answer": "Graham Greene", "passage": "* Graham Greene as an Insurer ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.46424674987793, "source": "wiki", "title": "Day for Night (film)" }, { "answer": "Graham Greene", "passage": "*Author Graham Greene makes a cameo appearance as an insurance company representative, billed under the name \"Henry Graham\". On the film's DVD, it was reported that Greene was a great admirer of Truffaut, and had always wanted to meet him, so when the small part came up where he actually talks to the director, he was delighted to have the opportunity. It was reported that Truffaut was unhappy he wasn't told, until later, that the actor playing the insurance company representative was Greene, as he would have liked to have made his acquaintance, having admired Greene's work as well.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.973797798156738, "source": "wiki", "title": "Day for Night (film)" }, { "answer": "Graham Greene", "passage": "Le mépris is arguably a better, more trenchant film and has a commanding performance by Fritz Lang as the director of the film within the film. But Day for Night is the one I love, and among its many delights is the brief appearance as a British insurance adviser of Graham Greene, credited as Henry Graham. His real identity was unknown to Truffaut who cast him for his distinguished appearance, believing him to be a retired English businessman living in the South of France.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.7345314025878906, "source": "search", "title": "Day for Night – review | Film | The Guardian" }, { "answer": "Graham Greene", "passage": "Soon after the cameras begin rolling in the Victorine Studios in Nice, however, various problems drive Ferrand on the verge of a nervous breakdown. First he discovers that the film's star (Alexandra Stewart, Emmanuelle 3 ) is pregnant and won't be able to complete the shoot, but can't be fired because of a tricky clause in her contract. Then another aging star (Valentina Cortese, Le Amiche ) with a drinking problem begins struggling with her lines. After wasting plenty of time with an ambitious crew girl (Dani, Love on the Run ), the male lead (Jean-Pierre Leaud, The 400 Blows ) also begins an affair with the beautiful British star (Jacqueline Bisset, Bullitt ), whose relationship with an older doctor has been less than ideal. Finally, a prominent veteran actor (Jean-Pierre Aumont, Hotel du Nord ) surprises everyone when he goes looking for his boyfriend. On top of all this, a number of technical accidents further complicate the shoot and force an insurance advisor (played by the great Graham Greene) from London to demand that various cuts and compromises are made if the film is to be completed.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.884753227233887, "source": "search", "title": "Day for Night Blu-ray" } ]

[ { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "Sizzle Beach, U.S.A, (a.k.a. Malibu Hot Summer) is an independent film starring Kevin Costner, Terry Congie, Leslie Brander and Roselyn Royce. It was not released until 1986 after Costner became a celebrity. His biography says it was filmed between 1978 and 1979.", "precise_score": 2.5067148208618164, "rough_score": 0.4353451728820801, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sizzle Beach, U.S.A." }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "Even if you love Troma, you might not fall in love with this movie. The charm of most Troma movies is that even though they're incredibly awful (artistic-wise), the filmmakers don't pretend they're making Shakespeare. \"Sizzle Beach, U.S.A.\" often does take itself seriously, yet sporadically finds room for those quirky Troma elements. There's a scene where a naive, ditsy aspiring actress tries to get a job by sleeping with a morbidly obese man. He sees her naked body and says, \"I see real potential in you.\" Pretty funny. But gags like that are sandwiched between badly played dramatic moments. The film almost plays out like a bad soap opera...with gratuitous female nudity. The nudity is practically the only saving grace of this \"film,\" though it certainly shouldn't be anyone's sole reason to buy a copy of the DVD. I wasn't surprised when I watched an interview on the DVD, in which the film's director mentions that Kevin Costner tried to buy the rights to the movie, so that he can remove it from all stores and selling outlets. It's still amusing to see Costner in such a horrible flick. Anybody who thought \"The Postman\" was bad should probably check this movie out first. Though not quite the talented actor he is today, Costner probably gives the film's best performance. The rest of the cast put no emotion into their dialogue, and sound as if they're reading off cue cards. I can barely call this a film, because it's basically just a collection of scenes. It's neither character-driven, nor plot-driven. This is one of those movies I expect to see in the bargain bin, for about $4.99. The only minor compliment I can give is Costner does have a pretty substantial supporting role, so this wasn't one of those cases where a now-famous actor is placed on the DVD cover to increase sales, when he only has a small cameo. And on the bright side, it's a Troma DVD, so it has some cool Tromatic extras. (3 out of 10)", "precise_score": -1.6793643236160278, "rough_score": -5.170536518096924, "source": "search", "title": "Malibu Hot Summer Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "I have decided to watch every kevin Costner movie in order. So I start here with his debut. Malibu Hot Summer or Sizzle Beach USA as its called on my DVD.", "precise_score": -1.131403923034668, "rough_score": -2.6968436241149902, "source": "search", "title": "Malibu Hot Summer Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "I have seen Sizzle Beach on a DVD and gristly to say, the extra's Troma Studios put on the DVD are more fun than the movie itself. The movie is originally released as Malibu Hot Summer in '74 starring Kevin Costner playing one of his first roles. In this film he is playing a rancher that meets a couple of women who just arrived in L.A. He is showing them the way in the hard and quick city of Los Angeles. If you like Troma movies this is a must see. All the typical Troma aspects can be seen: bare cheasted ladies, a \"pimpy\" midget, some lesbian scenes, lots of topless swimming and on top some great music. If you are into that and don't mind the absence of acting Sizzle beach might be the predecessor of Boogie Nights.", "precise_score": 0.39767560362815857, "rough_score": -3.965625762939453, "source": "search", "title": "Malibu Hot Summer Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "\"From the file `Everybody has to Start Somewhere', we are graced with Oscar winner Kevin Costner's first film...now, everyone has to pay their dues, especially in Hollywood, so there are probably a lot of films that now popular actors wouldn't mind if they never saw the light of day. Tom Hanks appeared in a relatively lame horror film called He Knows You're Alone (1980), while Tom Cruise made an early starring appearance in the teen sex romp/road trip type comedy Losin' It (1983). And let it be known that one of Billy Bob Thornton's early on screen appearances includes the seminal schlock/sleaze film Chopper Chicks in Zombietown (1989), one I'm sure he'd rather forget. Seems only fitting that Kevin Costner should have his first starring role come from a soft-core sleaze film titled Sizzle Beach U.S.A. (1986) aka Malibu Summer, aka Malibu Hot Summer (I believe the film was produced and released at an earlier date than what's listed here, probably sometime in the late 70's/early 80's). Directed by Richard Brander (Hell's Bloody Devils), the film stars, along with Mr. Costner, Terry Congie (Shadows Run Black), Leslie Brander, whom I think is married to the director, and Roselyn Royce (Cheech & Chong's Nice Dreams). Also appearing is Robert Acey (Angel) and the diminutive Peter Risch (Ghoulies).", "precise_score": -1.9586009979248047, "rough_score": -6.668819904327393, "source": "search", "title": "Sizzle Beach USA DVD with Robert Acey, Leslie Brander ..." }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "Sizzle Beach, USA (a.k.a. Malibu Hot Summer) (1981) Kevin Costner", "precise_score": 0.6087812781333923, "rough_score": -2.980726718902588, "source": "search", "title": "50 Terrible Movies Featuring Great Actors | GamesRadar+" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "California native actor Kevin Costner became interested in acting while he was a college student. Attending acting classes five nights a week, participating in a few productions with the local theater, as well as an ill-fated 1975 film debut in Sizzle Beach, USA/Malibu Hot Summer (released in 1986) did not give him enough confidence to enter the entertainment industry, and with a degree in business in his pocket, 20-year-old Costner briefly worked for a marketing firm in California. Encouraged by actor Richard Burton, whom he accidentally met on a flight from Mexico, Costner subsequently left his job and decided to pursue acting more professionally. Theater workshops, temporarily odd jobs like driving a truck, working on fishing boats, giving tours of star�s Hollywood homes, and auditions kept Costner busy as he made his way into films.", "precise_score": -1.370503306388855, "rough_score": -1.3171041011810303, "source": "search", "title": "The Kevin Costner Picture Pages - SuperiorPics.com" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "It was later retitled Italian Stallion because, by then, Stallone was famous thanks to Rocky. Sizzle Beach USA is a no-no topic for Kevin Costner. Although his big break was The Big Chill - in which he appears as an anonymous dead body - his Sizzle Beach debut was five years earlier. This is a truly embarrassing titillation film now released on video to cash in on Costner's fame.", "precise_score": 1.7458587884902954, "rough_score": -4.5431623458862305, "source": "search", "title": "A star is porn; (But please forget you ever saw the naked ..." }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "Three young women team up to rent a beach house in Malibu, California: One of them lands a job in a high school thanks to an investment broker she meets jogging along the beach, another is taking acting lessons and enjoys horseback riding, though the young owner of the stable, John Logan (Kevin Costner), turns out to be more interesting than the riding itself and the third woman practices her guitar, shuns the owner of the studio where she records, and hangs out with her hunk cousin Steve, the fourth roommate in the house.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.001689910888672, "source": "wiki", "title": "Sizzle Beach, U.S.A." }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "Shot in 1974 but not released until 1986 the film can be mainly of interest to anyone because 19-year old Kevin Costner plays a small role as a ranch hand. Interesting thing is, he is actually the best thing about the movie -- he at least tries to act. He's rough around the edges but one can see that a couple years of acting lessons added to that laid-back \"aw shucks ma'am\" demeanor will make him the star he is today. The rest of the cast gives your typical low budget talent-free performances. Plot (if you can it that) centers around three uniquely untalented women trying to make it in la-la land. lots of t & a, tacky sets and costumes, bad cinematography, a cheesy script, and tuneless music.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.288329124450684, "source": "search", "title": "Malibu Hot Summer Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "A fairly decent T and A flick that delivers plenty of nudity in it's runtime.Good looking girls too!There are better beach movies out there but fans of the genre would do well to check it out.Kevin Costners only in a few scenes although he's clearly the most natural actor in the film.IMDb states in \"Trivia\"that the film was shot in 1974 and released in 1986.I have a hard time believing this,a simple click through the cast list would seem to indicate a shooting date around '79 to '82 otherwise most of the cast would have done this in '74 then nothing else for 6 years before they all started acting again?The films not THAT bad...", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.704346656799316, "source": "search", "title": "Malibu Hot Summer Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "A young lady going out west to make something of herself meets up with two other girls who have the same idea. They then shack up at the the first one's cousin's house. And then nothing much happens. Sure Ditt meets a rancher (played by a young Kevin Costner, the only reason anyone ever saw this film) and we're subject to mind-numbing music (one of the trio wants to be a musician) But otherwise this was a complete and utter waste of time. Forgettable in the most base sense.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.210041999816895, "source": "search", "title": "Malibu Hot Summer Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "Kevin Costner's First Movie", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.721124649047852, "source": "search", "title": "Malibu Hot Summer Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "Kevin Costner is given a Special Guest Star Billing, and is in it quite a bit. He plays a cowboy who falls in love with the actress. But truthfully he gives the impression he is reading his lines from a none to helpful prompt book.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.313258171081543, "source": "search", "title": "Malibu Hot Summer Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "Then somehow Kevin Costner turns up working for the shortest man on Earth at a ranch. The girls stay with one of them's cousin and they all make their way through a sea of LA clichés, situational and character-wise. There's a bunch of random ugly sex-scenes with the most fake breasts ever filmed. Then the one girl sings a song and the movie ends.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.360312461853027, "source": "search", "title": "Malibu Hot Summer Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "But as far as I can remember, this is the worst movie I've ever seen. I wanted to like it very badly too. But this movie has it all. The worst acting EVER (the actors have trouble pronouncing words and slur and speak monotonously and slow), horribly annoying as hell music, absolutely no plot (watch the interview with the director on the dvd, he even admits to this), pointless nudity (nothing wrong with nudity, but these girls are ugly and why does the asian chick walk around her house naked for no reason?), completely unbelievable everything (people fall in love with people they've known for 2 minutes FOR NO REASON, people laugh hysterically FOR NO REASON, when people meet, there is absolutely no character introduction), and so much more I could complain about. DON'T EVER watch this movie!!!! I had to force myself to watch the whole thing, and even then I fast forwarded through 2 sex scenes (they were slow and boring as hell), all the random scenes where the music just plays and it shows scenes that it already showed, and like any crap scene that bored the hell out of me too much to bear. Everyone who says that Kevin Costner's acting was good is wrong too. He has the BEST acting in the movie (actually no there were a few characters that had better acting, but they had like 2 line parts), but his acting was equivalent to Adam Sandler. There were 2 scenes that could have been funny, had they been acted better and been in different films (the scene with the principal talking about pregnancies, and the ufo scene thing), but if you're going to have these entirely silly scenes it needs to be in an actual silly movie, not a crappy drama disguised as a comedy. There was one line that actually made me laugh, and that was when the girl says \"Damn a**holes\" and the guy looks at her and says \"Watch your language b*tch\". It's not an original idea, it was just funny because the scene was very serious and boring and I just cracked a smile. It wasn't hilarious or anything though. I also enjoyed the midget's character, he wasn't that funny, he just added a LITTLE bit to the movie. But that's about 2 minutes of decent movie, so don't waste your time.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.373412132263184, "source": "search", "title": "Malibu Hot Summer Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "Troma Team does their worst with this Kevin Costner t**d.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.465801239013672, "source": "search", "title": "Sizzle Beach USA DVD with Robert Acey, Leslie Brander ..." }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "\"I thought it wasn't possible but a Troma movie has finally turned my stomach. Horrible acting, boring love interests, not to mention Kevin Costner as a horse trainer. With no identifiable plot and stars changing roles throughout the course of this movie it's virtually impossible to watch. On the plus side this is a Troma movie and it is filled with naked girls for no good reason. Because Of this fact I would highly recommend this to a friend.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.360189437866211, "source": "search", "title": "Sizzle Beach USA DVD with Robert Acey, Leslie Brander ..." }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "The Terrible Film: A supposed comedy in which three young woman come to LA to explore its nightlife, meet Kevin Costner's horse rancher and... um... thats about it. Oh, apart from nudity. Nudity happens.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.242182731628418, "source": "search", "title": "50 Terrible Movies Featuring Great Actors | GamesRadar+" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "Kevin Costner's second film.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.110428810119629, "source": "search", "title": "Shadows Run Black Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "Another Troma-tic turkey (produced by Eric Louzil, who went on to direct those awful NUKE 'EM HIGH sequels) and substandard slasherama with one difference by default...Kevin Costner! In a minor supporting role, Costner has two scenes as campus party animal Jimmy Scott, main suspect in a rash of killings at Dorothy College. Short fused, foul-mouthed detective Rydell King (William J. Kulzer) investigates the murder spree of \"The Black Angel\" (aka \"The Co-ed Killer\" or \"The Moral Vigilante\"), a mystery maniac who enjoys cutting up a group of college girls who used to be hookers, like to shower a lot and have a strange aversion to clothing.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.331513404846191, "source": "search", "title": "Shadows Run Black Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "Co-eds are being killed by some guy (the police alternately refer to him as the \"Black Angel\" or \"Co-ed Strangler,\" to give you a sense of how fractured this movie is) in a ski mask and it is up to Det. Rydell King (William J. Kulzer) to find the killer. His investigation methods leave something to be desired as he just suspects anyone who knows the victims. Main girl Judy (Elizabeth Trosper) not only has to deal with her friends being offed, but also an overly protective brother and creepy phone calls. Killings happen randomly as characters are just introduced and offed before we finally find out who the killer is (director Howard Heard accidentally spoils it halfway through as he films the killer's distinct profile in shadow while he is on the phone). This slasher was started in 1981 but didn't get released until 1986. That is probably because of co-star Kevin Costner as a boyfriend/suspect. If you want a slasher devoid of blood and thrills, this is for you. I will admit that I did get a good laugh out of one scene where a girl in a gorilla mask scares her roommate. When asked why she did it, the girl replies, \"I was trying to scare your fat ass off the couch to get a job.\" If only my parents had tried that on me.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.459468841552734, "source": "search", "title": "Shadows Run Black Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "Oh yes, this totally nonsensical and insignificant 80's slasher dud stars the one and only Kevin Costner! I bet he's as proud of this film as George Clooney is of \"Return of the Killer Tomatoes\" or as Tom Hanks is of \"He Knows You're Alone\". But hey, wait a minute… According to the data on this website – and I rarely ever doubt its accuracy – \"Shadows Run Black\" is a film from the year 1986! Are we supposed to believe that Costner starred in this turkey after he appeared in classier movies like \"Silverado\" and \"Fandango\" and only one year prior to the almighty successful Brian De Palma milestone \"The Untouchables\"? Of course not... A bit of quick research teaches us that \"Shadows Run Black\" was already finalized in 1981, but remained shelved for obvious reasons (because it's awful). Then in 1986 it was removed from the shelves and rapidly distributed, again for obvious reasons (it was still awful, but people would suddenly pay to see it because it stars Kevin Costner). Luckily for Kev, his role is merely a small and supportive one, and even though his character is often mentioned and talked about, his actual appearance in the film is rather limited and brief.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.474855422973633, "source": "search", "title": "Shadows Run Black Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "What are we left with then? \"Shadows Run Black\" is a misogynic, incoherent, clichéd, zero-budgeted and laughably inept slasher attempt. \"A masked killer, a couple of idiotic red herrings and – most of all – a lot of female full frontal nudity is all we need in order to make a successful horror movie, right?\". That's basically what the writers and producers must have thought when they started filming. Some psychopath, entirely dressed in black and wearing a ski mask, is slaughtering lewd girls left and right, supposedly because of their amoral behavior. The killer's main target is a local beauty queen with racist brother and a black boyfriend with an impressive porno-mustache. The frustrated and loud-mouthed police detective in charge only focuses on one prime suspect, and that is Kevin Costner in the role of a sleazy youthful thug. This movie is downright ridiculous. There is almost no link between the characters and the vast majority of them don't even have backgrounds or personalities. You'll see the proof of this when the end credits roll over the screen, as the actresses are referred to as \"girl stabbed in chest\" or \"girl killed in kitchen\". In return for their fifteen minutes of fame, however, these poor girls were obliged to parade fully naked in front of the camera for several minutes non- stop. The nudity is exaggerated and completely unrealistic, atop! Let me ask you: do you know any girl who would go and investigate strange noises in her house while still naked? Wouldn't any woman in the world put on at least a gown or a shirt? Director Howard Heard was so obsessed with his naked amateur actresses that he also lost continuity out of sight. For instance, whatever happened to the The build-up to the murders lasts incredibly long, what with the girls undressing and staring at themselves in the mirror, while the actual murders are tame and done with in the blink of an eye. I guess it's much easier and cheaper to show naked flesh instead of suspense and bloodshed. The killer's identity is simple to guess and so pitiably clichéd that you won't even believe it. Another great moment for the 80's slasher-industry, sigh…", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.179582595825195, "source": "search", "title": "Shadows Run Black Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "The only notable thing is a marginal appearance by Kevin Costner as a boyfriend who everyone thinks is the killer (but probably isn't if you've seen a few of these). Suspiciously, his name is elided completely from the film itself, and the way the end credits roll has to be seen to be believed. Awful.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355886459350586, "source": "search", "title": "Shadows Run Black Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "This movie radiates with star power! Kevin Costner lights up the screen! Truly, he is a wonder to behold as the suspicious boyfriend! Oh, those eyes, burning with intensity...", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.230237007141113, "source": "search", "title": "Shadows Run Black Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "A serial killer by the name of The Black Angel is on the loose in a college campus,slaying girls or boys without discrimination.College party animal Jimmy Scott (Kevin Costner) falls under the heavy eye of Detective King (William J Kulzer) a short-fused,foul-mouthed detective driven by his own personal needs to track down the killer on account of his own daughter's savage killer not being found years before.But when Judy (Elizabeth Trosper) one of the sexiest girls on the campus starts getting heavy breathing phone calls,it looks like she may become the next target if King can't find the killer in time.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.327609062194824, "source": "search", "title": "Shadows Run Black Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "Kevin Costner makes an early film appearance as the prime suspect (long before the days of Dawson's Creek this was obviously one of those pioneer movies that cast actors about ten years too old to be playing college students in their roles.)He gives a terrible performance like everyone else,but then he was probably having his daydreams of staring in epic tales of epic frontiers and district attorneys who root out presidential assassins,unlike the other stars who just faded into oblivion after this film was made (there seem to be a few who think Costner should have done the same,but,there you go...) The film was made in 1986,but looks more like it was made in 1976.The dodgy lighting and wooden sets are here in all their glory,obviously a very low-budget effort all round.Yep,this is definitely another one of those 'before-they-were-famous' efforts that linger at the back of the CVs of stars like Costner like flies on sh*t.*", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.725170135498047, "source": "search", "title": "Shadows Run Black Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "Shadows Run Deep is a horrible movie! Its definitely not one of those \"its so bad, its good\" type of films. What makes Me sick, yes absolutely sick about the movie is all of the nudity in it! There is so much it the movie should have been called \"What woman can bare it all the most before she get killed?\":{ If you are a guy and love nudity where it shows the top and the bottom for at least a half of a minute in each scene (which to Me it seemed to be days before a scene ended) then hurry up and find and buy this movie IMMEDIATELY! In My opinion it would have been a good if there wasn't so damn much filth in it because the music was ok and the acting by William J. Kulzer was decent. I guess they thought it would it be great if THAT MUCH was in it! Well, in My opinion this just totally ruins a movie. The gore factor here was really non-existent. For hardcore slasher fans there was a few killings and blood but there was only one killing on screen. My advise is if you are a fan of the Friday the 13th series, the Halloween series, and/or the Scream series (which most of them films keeps nudity to a minimum) don't expect something really great to happen as this crappy excuse of a slasher doesn't even come close to them and even the appearances by Kevin Costner doesn't save this movie:( Only watch the movie if you are a nudity freak! I hate to say it but this movie SUCKS!!! That's My opinion!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.314750671386719, "source": "search", "title": "Shadows Run Black Reviews & Ratings - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "Kevin Costner Biography | Fandango", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.509088516235352, "source": "search", "title": "Kevin Costner Biography - Fandango" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "Kevin Costner Biography", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.437652587890625, "source": "search", "title": "Kevin Costner Biography - Fandango" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "One of Hollywood's most prominent strong, silent types, Kevin Costner was for several years the celluloid personification of the baseball industry, given his indelible mark with baseball-themed hits like Bull Durham , Field of Dreams , and For Love of the Game . His epic Western Dances with Wolves marked the first break from this trend and established Costner as a formidable directing talent to boot. Although several flops in the late '90s diminished his bankability, for many, Costner remained one of the industry's most enduring and endearing icons.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.22021770477295, "source": "search", "title": "Kevin Costner Biography - Fandango" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "The Kevin Costner Picture Pages", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.426592826843262, "source": "search", "title": "The Kevin Costner Picture Pages - SuperiorPics.com" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "\"This is a bonding film for all. You could put it anywhere in history--the Berlin Wall, Kuwait.\" Kevin Costner on Dances with Wolves American film actor and director Kevin Costner acquired his superstardom status with the 1990�s multi Oscar-winning film Dances with Wolves, in which he served as a director, an actor and a producer. Due to his fantastic work, Costner was highly praised with two Academy Awards, a Directors Guild Award, and two awards from the National Board of Review, a Golden Globe Award, a Berlin Film Festival Award, a PGA Golden Laurel Award, a Robert Festival Award and a Guild of German Art House Cinemas Award. Also rising to prominence with such sport-theme films as 1988�s Bull Durham and 1989�s Field of Dreams, Costner received mixed feedback and took home three Razzie Awards for his work in the blockbuster hit Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves (1991), the western film Wyatt Earp (1994) and The Postman (1997).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.343565940856934, "source": "search", "title": "The Kevin Costner Picture Pages - SuperiorPics.com" }, { "answer": "Kevin Costner", "passage": "Off screen, Kevin Costner was named one of People magazine�s �50 Most Beautiful People in the World� (in 1990 and 1991), was ranked the 87th of Empire magazine�s �100 Sexiest Stars in Film History� (1995) and the 27th of Empire magazine�s �The Top 100 Movie Stars of All Time� (1997). A box-office movie star, Costner has a 165 acre ranch outside of Aspen, Colorado. He also co-owns the Midnight Star casino in Deadwood, South Dakota, which exhibits several of his movie memorabilia. In 2003, he opened the Tatanka Interpretive site in Deadwood. The site features a bronze statue representing the Lakota Sioux buffalo hunt. There is also a gift shop, a museum and living history of the Lakota Sioux tribe.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.91048526763916, "source": "search", "title": "The Kevin Costner Picture Pages - SuperiorPics.com" }, { "answer": "Kevin Michael Costner", "passage": "Kevin Michael Costner was born on January 18, 1955, in Lynwood, California, to German, Irish, and Native American descendant parents. Born to a blue collar, California household, Kevin�s father is Bill Costner, a power-company worker, and his mother is Sharon Costner, a welfare worker. Kevin is the third son of the Costner family. His oldest brother named Dan was born in 1950, while his middle brother passed away at birth three years later. As a child, Kevin was forced to move frequently due to his father�s occupation, which caused Costner to feel like an �Army kid,� always a new child at school, and later turned him into a daydreamer. In his teenage years, he performed with a Baptist church choir, wrote poetry and attended writing classes to perfect his skills.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.293601989746094, "source": "search", "title": "The Kevin Costner Picture Pages - SuperiorPics.com" } ]

[ { "answer": "Joan", "passage": "Streisand changed her name from Barbara to Barbra because, she said, \"I hated the name, but I refused to change it.\" Streisand further explained, \"Well, I was 18 and I wanted to be unique, but I didn't want to change my name because that was too false. You know, people were saying you could be Joanie Sands, or something like that. (My middle name is Joan.) And I said, 'No, let's see, if I take out the 'a,' it's still 'Barbara,' but it's unique.\" A 1967 biography with a concert program said, \"the spelling of her first name is an instance of partial rebellion: she was advised to change her last name and retaliated by dropping an \"a\" from the first instead.\" ", "precise_score": 6.975480079650879, "rough_score": 7.282112121582031, "source": "wiki", "title": "Barbra Streisand" }, { "answer": "Joan", "passage": "Barbara Joan \"Barbra\" Streisand (; born April 24, 1942) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and filmmaker. Her career spanning six decades, she has become an icon in multiple fields of entertainment, and has been recognized with two Academy Awards, ten Grammy Awards including the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award and the Grammy Legend Award,[http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Barbra-Streisand-Goes-Platinum-for-History-Making-31st-Time-with-PARTNERS-20150120 \"Barbra Streisand Goes Platinum for History-Making 31st Time with Partners\"]. Broadway World. January 20, 2015. five Emmy Awards including one Daytime Emmy, a Special Tony Award, an American Film Institute award, a Kennedy Center Honors prize, four Peabody Awards, The Presidential Medal Of Freedom and nine Golden Globes. She is among a small group of entertainers who have been honored with an Emmy, Grammy, Oscar, and Tony Award, and is one of only two artists who have also won a Peabody. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.542549133300781, "source": "wiki", "title": "Barbra Streisand" }, { "answer": "Joan", "passage": "Barbara Joan Streisand was born on April 24, 1942, in Brooklyn, New York, the daughter of Diana (born Ida Rosen) and Emanuel Streisand. Her mother had been a soprano singer in her youth and considered a career in music, but later became a school secretary. Her father was a high school teacher at the same school, where they first met. Streisand's family was Jewish; her paternal grandparents immigrated from Galicia (Poland–Ukraine) and her maternal grandparents from Russia, where her grandfather had been a cantor. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.850201368331909, "source": "wiki", "title": "Barbra Streisand" }, { "answer": "Joan", "passage": "During the summer of 1957 she got her first stage experience as a walk-on at the Playhouse in Malden Bridge, New York. That small part was followed by a role as the kid sister in Picnic and one as a vamp in Desk Set. She returned to school in Brooklyn but never took dramatic arts classes, preferring instead to gain some real-world stage experience. To that end, in her sophomore year, she took a night job at the Cherry Lane Theater in Greenwich Village helping backstage. When she was a senior, she rehearsed for a small part in Driftwood, a play staged in a midtown attic space. Her co-star in Driftwood was Joan Rivers.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.388111114501953, "source": "wiki", "title": "Barbra Streisand" }, { "answer": "Joan", "passage": "*1971: Barbra Joan Streisand", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.732882976531982, "source": "wiki", "title": "Barbra Streisand" } ]

[ { "answer": "James S. Sherman", "passage": "Vice President James S. Sherman 1909–1912", "precise_score": 2.628859758377075, "rough_score": 8.353130340576172, "source": "search", "title": "William H. Taft, 27th President of the USA - geni family tree" }, { "answer": "James S. Sherman", "passage": "Vice President James S. Sherman 1909–1912", "precise_score": 2.628859758377075, "rough_score": 8.353130340576172, "source": "search", "title": "William H. Taft, 27th President of the USA - geni family tree" }, { "answer": "James S. Sherman", "passage": "Assistant Postmaster General Frank H. Hitchcock resigned from his office in February 1908 to lead the Taft effort. In April, Taft made a speaking tour, traveling as far west as Omaha before being recalled to go to Panama and straighten out another contested election. At the 1908 Republican National Convention in Chicago in June, there was no serious opposition to him, and he gained a first-ballot victory. Yet, Taft did not have things his own way: he had hoped his running mate would be a midwestern progressive like Iowa Senator Jonathan Dolliver, but instead the convention named Congressman James S. Sherman of New York, a conservative. Taft resigned as Secretary of War on June 30 to devote his full-time to the campaign.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.3348524868488312, "source": "wiki", "title": "William Howard Taft" }, { "answer": "James S. Sherman", "passage": "James S. Sherman - Vice President to President William H. Taft}", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.294550657272339, "source": "search", "title": "James S. Sherman - Vice President to President William ..." }, { "answer": "James S. Sherman", "passage": "James S. Sherman", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.747092247009277, "source": "search", "title": "James S. Sherman - Vice President to President William ..." }, { "answer": "James S. Sherman", "passage": "James S. Sherman, a member of the Republican Party , took office as the 27th Vice President of the United States on March 4, 1909 at age 53. Sherman served as VP to President William H. Taft for 3 years through October 30, 1912. He was born in Utica, New York and received an education from Hamilton College.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 8.306382179260254, "source": "search", "title": "James S. Sherman - Vice President to President William ..." }, { "answer": "James S. Sherman", "passage": "Vice President: James S. Sherman", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.902835845947266, "source": "search", "title": "27. William Howard Taft . The Presidents . WGBH American ..." }, { "answer": "James S. Sherman", "passage": "Theodore Roosevelt announces that his “hat is in the ring” as a candidate for President. Taft and running mate James S. Sherman are re-nominated together, the first time that Republicans endorse a sitting President and vice president for the party ticket. February 22, 1912", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.3247358798980713, "source": "search", "title": "Presidential Key Events—Miller Center" } ]

[ { "answer": "Charles de Gaulle", "passage": "For the cheese-lover, France is mecca: a site of pilgrimage, and a land of rapture. And one of the defining reasons for this fact is the large number of small-scale raw milk cheese producers that live and work in the region. Who can forget the witticism of Charles de Gaulle who quipped, “How can you govern a country which has 246 varieties of cheese?”", "precise_score": 4.582855701446533, "rough_score": -1.289110541343689, "source": "search", "title": "Saving the Raw Milk Cheeses of Provence - A Campaign for ..." }, { "answer": "Charles de Gaulle", "passage": "David Boaz: Somebody was just talking about Bernie Sanders’ claim that if we didn’t have 23 kinds of deodorant, maybe children wouldn’t be hungry. And somebody said, “Imagine a world in which you go into the store and there’s a box that says ‘soup’ and a box that says ‘cheese’ and there’s only the one kind.” And it reminded me of something Charles de Gaulle said about France, “How can you rule a country that has 107 different cheeses?” well, he had a point. The world is full of different interests and different people and different ideas, even about cheese. ", "precise_score": 4.910634517669678, "rough_score": 0.24311794340610504, "source": "search", "title": "Pluralism and Toleration | Libertarianism.org" }, { "answer": "Charles de Gaulle", "passage": "“How can you govern a country which has 246 varieties of cheese?” Charles De Gaulle (French general and president, 1890-1970)", "precise_score": 5.55087947845459, "rough_score": 1.9882582426071167, "source": "search", "title": "Top 10 Fascinating Facts About Cheese - Listverse" }, { "answer": "De Gaulle", "passage": "President de Gaulle (France, 1890 -1970) is quoted to have said....\"How can you govern a country which has 246 varieties of cheese?\" A good question, but he understated the number of varieties!", "precise_score": 6.514641284942627, "rough_score": 5.462895393371582, "source": "search", "title": "Types of Cheese and Classification Simplified!" }, { "answer": "Charles de Gaulle", "passage": "Charles de Gaulle - Wikiquote", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.305347442626953, "source": "search", "title": "Charles de Gaulle - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Charles de Gaulle", "passage": "Charles de Gaulle", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.325254440307617, "source": "search", "title": "Charles de Gaulle - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Général de Gaulle", "passage": "Charles-André-Joseph-Marie de Gaulle ( 22 November 1890 – 9 November 1970 ), in France commonly referred to as le général de Gaulle, was a French military leader and statesman. During World War II, he reached the rank of Brigade General and then became the leader of the Forces Françaises Libres (\"FFL\" — the \"Free French Forces\") . Between 1944 and 1946, following the liberation of France from German occupation, he was head of the French provisional government. Called to form a government in 1958, he inspired a new constitution and was the Fifth Republic 's first president, serving from 1958 to 1969.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.669768333435059, "source": "search", "title": "Charles de Gaulle - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "De Gaulle", "passage": "De Gaulle (in English): \"France has no friends, only interests.\" (De Gaulle did not speak specifically of France, but of all nation-states, including Britain. This remark was in line with his saying \"Men can have friends, statesmen cannot\",*Les hommes peuvent avoir des amis, pas les hommes d'Etat., in Interview, December 9, 1967).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.528787612915039, "source": "search", "title": "Charles de Gaulle - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "De Gaulle", "passage": "23 November 1959, Strasbourg. The phrase shown in bold is the most often quoted excerpt. De Gaulle was expressing his vision of Europe's future.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.10348892211914, "source": "search", "title": "Charles de Gaulle - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "De Gaulle", "passage": "Conversation with Anthony Eden , recounted in de Gaulle's Mémoires de guerre. Quoted in The Atlantic, November 1960.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.308711051940918, "source": "search", "title": "Charles de Gaulle - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "De Gaulle", "passage": "\"A foreign military leader whose daring was feared by those who profited by it.\" De Gaulle said that MacArthur's critics should \"pay deserved tribute to the legendary service of a great soldier\".", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.846901893615723, "source": "search", "title": "Charles de Gaulle - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "De Gaulle", "passage": "Press conference, May 19 1958 (De Gaulle was changing the constitution to make government more efficient, after decades of impotent parliamentary regime, and he mocked journalists who claimed he was establishing a dictatorship).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.238749504089355, "source": "search", "title": "Charles de Gaulle - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "De Gaulle", "passage": "Interview on a presidential campaign, December 1965 INA archive of the video (De Gaulle meant that he wanted to build a European Union on realities, i.e. the existing nation-states with their respective interests – not on slogans and abstractions)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.2155122756958, "source": "search", "title": "Charles de Gaulle - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "De Gaulle", "passage": "From a balcony at Montreal City Hall, with particular emphasis on the word 'libre'. The phrase, a slogan used by Quebecers who favoured Quebec sovereignty, and de Gaulle's use of it, was seen by them as lending his tacit support to the movement. The speech sparked a diplomatic incident with Canada's government, and was condemned by Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson, saying that \"Canadians do not need to be liberated.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.657843589782715, "source": "search", "title": "Charles de Gaulle - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "General de Gaulle", "passage": "General de Gaulle was the de facto leader of the Free French Forces which had escaped to London in World War II. Marshal Henri Philippe Pétain , a hero of world War I , had signed an armistice (agreement to end fighting) with the invading forces of Nazi Germany, and led the Nazi-collaborating government of Vichy France in the south. The Nazis had occupied the north of France. De Gaulle was opposed to surrender and had left France on June 15 , 1940 after Pétain made clear he wanted to do so.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.3092622756958, "source": "search", "title": "Charles de Gaulle - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "De Gaulle", "passage": "Three days later, de Gaulle obtained special permission from Winston Churchill to broadcast a speech via BBC Radio over France, despite the British Cabinet's efforts to block the broadcast. In the speech, de Gaulle reminded the French people that the British Empire and the United States of America would support them in an effort to retake their land from the Nazis . On June 18 , 1940, at 19:00, de Gaulle's voice was broadcast nationwide.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.345325469970703, "source": "search", "title": "Charles de Gaulle - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "General de Gaulle", "passage": "\"The destiny of the world is here. I, General de Gaulle, currently in London, invite the officers and the French soldiers who are located in British territory or who would come there, with their weapons or without their weapons, I invite the engineers and the special workers of armament industries who are located in British territory or who would come there, to put themselves in contact with me.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.758980751037598, "source": "search", "title": "Charles de Gaulle - Wikiquote" }, { "answer": "Charles de Gaulle", "passage": "Charles de Gaulle Quotes - BrainyQuote", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.268799781799316, "source": "search", "title": "Charles de Gaulle Quotes - BrainyQuote" }, { "answer": "Charles de Gaulle", "passage": "Charles de Gaulle Quotes", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.219247817993164, "source": "search", "title": "Charles de Gaulle Quotes - BrainyQuote" }, { "answer": "Charles de Gaulle", "passage": "Find on Amazon: Charles de Gaulle", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.400355339050293, "source": "search", "title": "Charles de Gaulle Quotes - BrainyQuote" } ]

[ { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "The original Polaroid Corporation was founded in Cambridge, Massachusetts by Edwin Land in 1937. Described by the Boston Globe as a \"juggernaut of innovation\", in many respects Polaroid was the Apple of its time with a \"leader in Edwin Land, a scientist who guided the company as the founding CEO for four decades\". Polaroid, owning patents to its polarizer technology, got its start by employing polarization in products that included 3-D movies and glare-reducing goggles for dogs. During World War II, Polaroid designed and manufactured numerous products for the armed services including an infrared night viewing device. Land’s name appears on 533 US patents, second only to Thomas Edison’s 1,093. He led the company as CEO for 43 years, he headed the Polaroid Corporation, developing it from a small research and marketing firm into one of the best-known high-tech companies ever. Kodak was a customer for some of Land's polarizing products. Recognized by most as the father of instant photography, he included all the operations of a darkroom inside the film itself. Land was pictured on the cover of Life magazine in 1972 with the inscription, \"A Genius and His Magic Camera\".", "precise_score": 6.869629859924316, "rough_score": 7.510030746459961, "source": "wiki", "title": "Polaroid Corporation" }, { "answer": "Edwin Herbert Land", "passage": "Edwin Herbert Land, ForMemRS, FRPS, Hon.MRI (May 7, 1909 – March 1, 1991) was an American scientist and inventor, best known as the co-founder of the Polaroid Corporation. Among other things, he invented inexpensive filters for polarizing light, a practical system of in-camera instant photography, and his retinex theory of color vision. His Polaroid instant camera, which went on sale in late 1948, made it possible for a picture to be taken and developed in 60 seconds or less.", "precise_score": 9.353801727294922, "rough_score": 10.021127700805664, "source": "wiki", "title": "Edwin H. Land" }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "Land Cameras are instant cameras with self-developing film named after their inventor, Edwin Land, while working for Research Row in Boston, Massachusetts and manufactured by Polaroid between the years of 1947 and 1983. Though Polaroid continued producing instant cameras after 1983, the name 'Land' was dropped from the camera name since Edwin Land retired in 1982. The first commercially available model was the Polaroid Land Camera Model 95,[http://www.newmediastudies.com/art/polaroid.htm Polaroid cameras and photography] which produced prints in about 1 minute, and was first sold to the public in November, 1948.[http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blpolaroid.htm Edwin Land - Polaroid Photography - Instant Photography]", "precise_score": 7.394311428070068, "rough_score": 9.138851165771484, "source": "wiki", "title": "Land Camera" }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "The process, invented by Polaroid founder Edwin Land, was to employ diffusion transfer to move the dyes from the negative to the positive via a reagent. A negative sheet was exposed inside the camera, then lined up with a positive sheet and squeezed through a set of rollers which spread a reagent between the two layers, creating a developing film sandwich. The negative developed quickly, after which some of the unexposed silver halide grains (and the latent image it contained) were solubilized by the reagent and transferred by diffusion from the negative to the positive. After a minute, the back of the camera was opened and the negative peeled away to reveal the print.", "precise_score": 8.12905502319336, "rough_score": 8.744941711425781, "source": "wiki", "title": "Land Camera" }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "Edwin Land invented the instant camera and founded the Polaroid Company in the 1930s in Massachusetts.", "precise_score": 10.098437309265137, "rough_score": 9.548645973205566, "source": "search", "title": "Where was the Polaroid Camera Invented? | Garden Guides" }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "Edwin Land invented the light polarizing process while he was a student at Harvard. He partnered with George Wheelwright III, a physics professor at Harvard, to form the Land-Wheelwright Laboratories in Wellesley Hills, Massachusetts, where they developed and sold polarized lenses for eyeglasses, cameras and car headlights. Kodak was their first big client, ordering 10,000 polarized lenses from Land-Wheelwright in 1934.", "precise_score": 6.108070373535156, "rough_score": 7.685846328735352, "source": "search", "title": "Where was the Polaroid Camera Invented? | Garden Guides" }, { "answer": "Edwin H. Land", "passage": "Instant photography was invented at Polaroid during the 1940s. Company founder Edwin H. Land masterminded the development of a one-step dry process that produced a finished photograph a minute after the picture was taken. Polaroid scientists devised both the instant film and the camera needed to take the photographs. The first camera and film, the Polaroid Land Camera Model 95 and Polaroid Land Film Type 40, were released for sale to the public in November 1948. The camera was an immediate commercial success and helped to establish Polaroid as one of the most successful and innovative companies of the second half of the twentieth century.", "precise_score": 8.930705070495605, "rough_score": 9.718220710754395, "source": "search", "title": "Polaroid Instant Camera — New Directions – Baker Library ..." }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "Polaroid founder Edwin Land first demonstrated the instant camera on February 21, 1947 at a meeting of the Optical Society of America in New York City.", "precise_score": 9.187808990478516, "rough_score": 8.180570602416992, "source": "search", "title": "Polaroid introduces the instant camera, February 21, 1947 ..." }, { "answer": "Edwin H. Land", "passage": "The company was founded in 1937 by Edwin H. Land, to exploit the use of its Polaroid polarizing polymer. Land ran the company until 1981. Its peak employment was 21,000 in 1978, and its peak revenue was $3 billion in 1991. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.5229878425598145, "source": "wiki", "title": "Polaroid Corporation" }, { "answer": "Edwin H. Land", "passage": "Polaroid’s initial (dominant) market was in polarized sunglasses — spawned from Edwin H. Land’s self-guided research in light polarization. Land, having completed his freshman year at Harvard University, left to pursue this market, resulting in Polaroid's birth. Land later returned to Harvard to continue his research.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.101133346557617, "source": "wiki", "title": "Polaroid Corporation" }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "In 1977, Land introduced the Polaroid Instant Home Movie camera named Polavision. However, it failed to sell well in retail stores, and has been described as the swan song for Polaroid. After four decades as chairman, Edwin Land was coerced to resign and leave the corporation he had founded. He died in 1991. The Polavision debacle eventually caused the company to write off $89 million.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 7.324837684631348, "source": "wiki", "title": "Polaroid Corporation" }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "The invention of commercially viable instant cameras which were easy to use is generally credited to American scientist Edwin Land, who unveiled the first commercial instant camera, the model 95 Land Camera, in 1948, a year after unveiling instant film in New York City. The earliest instant camera, which consisted of a camera and portable wet darkroom in a single compartment, was invented in 1923 by Samuel Shlafrock. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.7875840663909912, "source": "wiki", "title": "Instant camera" }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "The earliest instant cameras were conceived before Edwin Land's invention of the instant camera. These cameras were, however, more portable wet darkrooms than \"instant\" camera and were difficult to use. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.039920330047607, "source": "wiki", "title": "Instant camera" }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "Instant cameras have found many uses throughout their history. The original purpose of instant cameras was motivated by Jennifer Land's question to her father (Edwin Land): \"Why can't I see them now?\" Many people have enjoyed seeing their photos shortly after taking them, allowing them to recompose or retake the photo if they didn't get it right. But instant cameras were found to be useful for other purposes such as ID cards, passport photos, ultrasound photos, and other uses which required an instant photo. They were also used by police officers and fire investigators because of their ability to create an unalterable instant photo. Medium and large format professional photographers have also used the higher end instant cameras to preview lighting before taking the more expensive medium and/or large format photo. Instant film also has been used in ways that are similar to folk art, including the transfer of the images/emulsion and image manipulation.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.088294982910156, "source": "wiki", "title": "Instant camera" }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "Edwin Land's original idea behind instant photography was to create a photographic system that was seamless and easy for anyone to use. The first roll film cameras required the photographer to use a light meter to take a reading of the light level, then to set the exposure setting on the lens. Then the lens was focused and the subject framed and the picture was taken. The photographer flipped a switch and pulled the large tab in the back of the camera to pull the negative over the positive, through some rollers to spread the developing agent. After the picture developed inside the camera for the required time, the photographer opened the small door in the camera back and peeled the positive from the negative. To prevent fading, the black and white positive had to be coated with a fixing agent, a potentially messy procedure which led to the development of coaterless instant pack film.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.3294038772583, "source": "wiki", "title": "Instant camera" }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "Integral film cameras, such as the SX-70, 600 series, Spectra, and Captiva cameras went a long way in accomplishing Edwin Land's goal of creating a seamless process in producing instant photos. The photographer simply pointed the camera at the subject, framed it and took the photo. The camera and film did the rest, including adjusting the exposure settings, taking care of focusing (Sonar autofocus models only), utilising a flash if necessary (600 series and up), and ejecting the film, which developed without intervention from the photographer.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.440567016601562, "source": "wiki", "title": "Instant camera" }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "Edwin Land was born in Bridgeport, Connecticut, to Martha (Goldfaden) and Harry Land, owner of a scrap metal yard. Land's parents were of Eastern European Jewish descent. Land attended the Norwich Free Academy at Norwich, Connecticut, a semi-private high school, and graduated in the class of 1927. The library there was posthumously named for him, having been funded by grants from his family. He studied chemistry at Harvard University. After his freshman year, he left Harvard for New York City.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.215188026428223, "source": "wiki", "title": "Edwin H. Land" }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "Elkan Blout, a close colleague of Edwin Land at Polaroid, wrote: \"What was Land like? Knowing him was a unique experience. He was a true visionary; he saw things differently from other people, which is what led him to the idea of instant photography. He was a brilliant, driven man who did not spare himself and who enjoyed working with equally driven people.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.07968884706497192, "source": "wiki", "title": "Edwin H. Land" }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "In the 1950s, Edwin Land and his team helped design the optics of the revolutionary Lockheed U-2 spy plane. Also in this decade, Land first discovered a two-color system for projecting the entire spectrum of hues with only two colors of projecting light (he later found more specifically that one could achieve the same effect using very narrow bands of 579 nm and 599 nm light). Some of this work was later incorporated in his Retinex theory of color vision.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.088321685791016, "source": "wiki", "title": "Edwin H. Land" }, { "answer": "Edwin H. Land", "passage": "In 1957, Harvard University awarded him an honorary doctorate, and Edwin H. Land Blvd., a street in Cambridge, Massachusetts, was later named in his memory. The street is at one end of Memorial Drive, in Cambridge, where the Polaroid company building was located (over a mile west on Memorial Drive from Land Blvd.).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.456724166870117, "source": "wiki", "title": "Edwin H. Land" }, { "answer": "Edwin H. Land", "passage": "Edwin H. Land, founder of Polaroid, leaves Harvard University after his freshman year to pursue his own research on light polarization. Two years later, he files the patent first synthetic polarizer. View Gallery", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.273238182067871, "source": "search", "title": "Polaroid" }, { "answer": "Edwin H. Land", "passage": "Edwin H. Land establishes Land-Wheelwright Laboratories in Boston with his former Harvard physics professor, George Wheelwright III. They continue to research and to produce synthetic polarizers. View Gallery", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.137619972229004, "source": "search", "title": "Polaroid" }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "Edwin Land and Polaroid Photography", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.294132232666016, "source": "search", "title": "Edwin Land and Polaroid Photography - About.com Money" }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "Edwin Land and Polaroid Photography", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.294132232666016, "source": "search", "title": "Edwin Land and Polaroid Photography - About.com Money" }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "Edwin Land and Polaroid Photography", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.294132232666016, "source": "search", "title": "Edwin Land and Polaroid Photography - About.com Money" }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "Before the rise of smartphones with digital cameras  and photo-sharing sites like Instagram, Edwin Land’s Polaroid camera was the closest thing the world had to “instant photography.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.5418784618377686, "source": "search", "title": "Edwin Land and Polaroid Photography - About.com Money" }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "In 1960, Edwin Land approached the Henry Dreyfuss design company to collaborate on a camera design, the result of which was the Automatic 100 Land Camera and the Polaroid Swinger camera in 1965. The black and white Swinger camera sold for under $20 and was a big hit with consumers.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.12060546875, "source": "search", "title": "Edwin Land and Polaroid Photography - About.com Money" }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "Edwin Land was a prolific inventor known for his obsessive work habits who would later serve as an inspiration for Apple's Steve Jobs (see \" What Steve Jobs Learned from Edwin Land of Polaroid \").", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.3074242174625397, "source": "search", "title": "Polaroid introduces the instant camera, February 21, 1947 ..." }, { "answer": "Ed land", "passage": "He began experimenting with polarizing light after studying chemistry at Harvard for a year and invented the plastic sheet-light polarizer in 1929. He then co-founded Land-Wheelwright Laboratories in 1932, which became the Polaroid Corporation five years later.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 6.243562698364258, "source": "search", "title": "Polaroid introduces the instant camera, February 21, 1947 ..." }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "The story of Polaroid inventor Edwin Land, one of Steve Jobs' biggest heroes – Signal v. Noise", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.443884372711182, "source": "search", "title": "The story of Polaroid inventor Edwin Land, one of Steve ..." }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "One of Steve Jobs’ biggest heroes is Edwin Land, the inventor of Polaroid. Former Apple CEO John Sculley describes a meeting they had years ago and how both Land and Jobs felt that products existed all along — they just needed to discover them.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.4244470596313477, "source": "search", "title": "The story of Polaroid inventor Edwin Land, one of Steve ..." }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "“The world is like a fertile field that’s waiting to be harvested. The seeds have been planted, and what I do is go out and help plant more seeds and harvest them.” -Edwin Land", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.512894630432129, "source": "search", "title": "The story of Polaroid inventor Edwin Land, one of Steve ..." }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "So just who was Edwin Land? The instant camera made him famous, but he invented much more than that.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.7344497442245483, "source": "search", "title": "The story of Polaroid inventor Edwin Land, one of Steve ..." }, { "answer": "Ed land", "passage": "There, Land shared his vision with his physics teacher and they created Land-Wheelwright Laboratories. In 1934, Eastman Kodak gave Land-Wheelwright an order for $10k dollars worth of polarizing filters. Kodak wanted a polarizer laminated between two sheets of optical glass, but neither Land nor Wheelwright had any idea how to make it. Nonetheless, they accepted the order and successfully created what they called “Polaroid.” The company changed its name too.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.2343398630619049, "source": "search", "title": "The story of Polaroid inventor Edwin Land, one of Steve ..." }, { "answer": "Ed land", "passage": "One more similarity: Land eventually was asked to leave Polaroid. Jobs, in this 1985 interview , discussed Land’s troublemaker status and how dumb it was to kick someone out of his own company.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.141112327575684, "source": "search", "title": "The story of Polaroid inventor Edwin Land, one of Steve ..." }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "Dr. Edwin Land was a troublemaker. He dropped out of Harvard and founded Polaroid. Not only was he one of the great inventors of our time but, more important, he saw the intersection of art and science and business and built an organization to reflect that. Polaroid did that for some years, but eventually Dr. Land, one of those brilliant troublemakers, was asked to leave his own company — which is one of the dumbest things I’ve ever heard of. So Land, at 75, went off to spend the remainder of his life doing pure science, trying to crack the code of color vision. The man is a national treasure. I don’t understand why people like that can’t be held up as models: This is the most incredible thing to be — not an astronaut, not a football player — but this.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.833550453186035, "source": "search", "title": "The story of Polaroid inventor Edwin Land, one of Steve ..." }, { "answer": "Edwin Land", "passage": "“We work by exorcising incessant superstition that there are mysterious tribal gods against you. Nature has neither rewards nor punishments, only consequences. You can use science to make it work for you.” -Edwin Land", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.484477996826172, "source": "search", "title": "The story of Polaroid inventor Edwin Land, one of Steve ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "1", "passage": "Christopher D'Olier Reeve (September 25, 1952 – October 10, 2004) was an American actor, film director, producer, screenwriter, author, and activist. He achieved stardom for his acting achievements, in particular his motion picture portrayal of the comic book superhero Superman.", "precise_score": 0.7222169041633606, "rough_score": 5.99985933303833, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Reeve appeared in other critically acclaimed films such as Street Smart (1987) and The Remains of the Day (1993). He received a Golden Globe nomination for his performance in the television remake of Rear Window (1998).", "precise_score": 0.30439266562461853, "rough_score": -3.0385453701019287, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "On May 27, 1995, Reeve became a quadriplegic after being thrown from a horse during an equestrian competition in Culpeper, Virginia. He was confined to a wheelchair and required a portable ventilator for the rest of his life. He lobbied on behalf of people with spinal-cord injuries and for human embryonic stem cell research, founding the Christopher Reeve Foundation and co-founding the Reeve-Irvine Research Center.[http://www.cnn.com/2004/SHOWBIZ/Movies/10/11/obit.reeve/ Christopher Reeve dies at 52.] CNN, October 11, 2004, accessed November 3, 2006", "precise_score": -6.667625904083252, "rough_score": -3.8950347900390625, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Christopher Reeve was born on September 25, 1952 in New York City, the son of Barbara Pitney (Lamb), a journalist, and Franklin D'Olier Reeve, a teacher, novelist, poet, and scholar. Reeve was of almost entirely English ancestry, with many family lines that had been in America since the early 1600s. His paternal grandfather, Colonel Richard Henry Reeve, had been the CEO of Prudential Financial for over twenty-five years, and his great-grandfather, Franklin D'Olier, was a prominent businessman, veteran of World War I, and the first national commander of the American Legion. Reeve's mother was the granddaughter of Mahlon Pitney, a U.S. Supreme Court Justice, and a descendant of William Bradford, a Mayflower passenger. Reeve was also descended from a sister of statesman Elias Boudinot, as well as from Massachusetts governors Thomas Dudley and John Winthrop, Pennsylvania deputy governor Thomas Lloyd, and Henry Baldwin, another U.S. Supreme Court Justice.", "precise_score": -6.0455193519592285, "rough_score": -4.357290267944336, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Reeve found his passion in 1962 at age nine when he was cast in an amateur version of the play The Yeomen of the Guard; it was the first of many student plays. In mid-1968, at age fifteen, Reeve was accepted as an apprentice at the Williamstown Theatre Festival in Williamstown, Massachusetts. The other apprentices were mostly college students, but Reeve's older appearance and maturity helped him fit in with the others. In a workshop, he played a scene from A View from the Bridge that was chosen to be presented in front of an audience. After the performance, actress Olympia Dukakis said to him, \"I'm surprised. You've got a lot of talent. Don't mess it up.\" The next summer, Reeve was hired at the Harvard Summer Repertory Theater Company in Cambridge for $44 per week. He played a Russian sailor in The Hostage and Belyayev in A Month in the Country. Famed theater critic Elliot Norton called his performance as Belyayev \"startlingly effective.\" The 23-year-old lead actress in the play, a Carnegie Mellon graduate, turned out to be Reeve's first romance. She was engaged to a fellow Carnegie Mellon graduate at the time; they mutually ended the relationship when he made a surprise visit to her dorm room at seven in the morning and found Reeve with her. Reeve's romance with the actress fizzled a few months later when the age difference became an issue. Reeve was briefly involved with Scientology, but opted out of becoming a member. He subsequently voiced criticism of the organization. ", "precise_score": -4.2803144454956055, "rough_score": -6.185439586639404, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "/chronicle/archive/1998/05/11/DD55495.DTL Reeve is 'Superman' For Real: Actor's memoir filled with humor and courage.] San Francisco Chronicle, May 11, 1998, accessed November 20, 2006 Houseman then offered him the chance to leave school and join the Acting Company, among performers such as Kevin Kline, Patti LuPone and David Ogden Stiers. Reeve declined, as he had not yet received his bachelor's degree from Juilliard. ", "precise_score": -4.4398088455200195, "rough_score": 2.5429165363311768, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Reeve's first role in a Hollywood film was a small part as a submarine officer in the 1978 naval disaster movie Gray Lady Down. He then acted in the play My Life at the Circle Repertory Company with friend William Hurt. ", "precise_score": 0.6762434840202332, "rough_score": 0.03722198307514191, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "During My Life, Stark Hesseltine told Reeve that he had been asked to audition for the leading role as Clark Kent/Superman in the big budget film, Superman (1978). Lynn Stalmaster, the casting director, put Reeve's picture and résumé on the top of the pile three separate times, only to have the producers throw it out each time. Through Stalmaster's persistent pleading, a meeting between director Richard Donner, producer Ilya Salkind and Reeve was set in January 1977 at the Sherry Netherland Hotel on Fifth Avenue. The morning after the meeting, Reeve was sent a 300-page script. He was thrilled that the script took the subject matter seriously, and that Richard Donner's motto was verisimilitude. Reeve immediately flew to London for a screen test, and on the way was told that Marlon Brando was going to play Jor-El and Gene Hackman was going to play Lex Luthor. Reeve still did not think he had much of a chance. Though standing 6'4\" (193 cm), he was a self-described \"skinny WASP.\" On the plane ride to London, he imagined how his approach to the role would be. He later said, \"By the late 1970s the masculine image had changed... Now it was acceptable for a man to show gentleness and vulnerability. I felt that the new Superman ought to reflect that contemporary male image.\" He based his portrayal of Clark Kent on Cary Grant in his role in Bringing Up Baby. After the screen test, his driver said, \"I'm not supposed to tell you this, but you've got the part.\" ", "precise_score": 2.9717774391174316, "rough_score": 5.381124019622803, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Reeve was a talented all-around athlete. Portraying the role of Superman would be a stretch for the young actor, but he was tall enough for the role and had the necessary blue eyes and handsome features. However, his physique was slim. He refused to wear fake muscles under the suit, and instead went through an intense two-month training regimen supervised by former British weightlifting champion David Prowse, who played Darth Vader in the suit in the original Star Wars films. The training regimen consisted of running in the morning, followed by two hours of weightlifting and ninety minutes on the trampoline. In addition, Reeve doubled his food intake and adopted a high protein diet. He added thirty pounds (14 kg) of muscle to his thin 189 pound (86 kg) frame. He later made even higher gains for Superman III (1983), though for Superman IV: The Quest for Peace (1987), he decided it would be healthier to focus more on cardiovascular workouts. ", "precise_score": -0.1566278040409088, "rough_score": 3.3969151973724365, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "The film grossed $300,218,018 worldwide (unadjusted for inflation). Reeve received positive reviews for his performance:", "precise_score": -0.9240961074829102, "rough_score": -5.190762519836426, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Much of Superman II was filmed at the same time as the first film. After most of the footage had been shot, the producers had a disagreement with director Richard Donner over various matters, including money and special effects, and they mutually parted ways. He was replaced by director Richard Lester, who had the script changed and reshot some footage. The cast was unhappy, but Reeve later said that he liked Lester and considered Superman II to be his favorite of the series.Reeve, Christopher (1898), pp 201–203 Due to fan encouragement, Richard Donner's version of Superman II, titled Superman II: The Richard Donner Cut, was released on DVD in 2006 and dedicated to Reeve.", "precise_score": 0.8325592279434204, "rough_score": 4.476637840270996, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Superman III, released in 1983, was filmed entirely by Lester. Reeve believed that the producers ruined it by turning it into a Richard Pryor comedy. He missed Richard Donner and believed that Superman IIIs only saving grace was the junkyard scene in which evil Superman fights Clark Kent in an internal battle. Reeve's portrayal of the evil Superman was highly praised, though the film was critically panned.", "precise_score": 1.2279112339019775, "rough_score": 1.6424561738967896, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Superman IV: The Quest for Peace was released in 1987. After Superman III, Reeve vowed that he was done with Superman. However, he accepted the role on the condition that he would have partial creative control over the script. The nuclear disarmament plot was his idea. The production rights were given to Cannon Films, which cut the budget in half to $17 million. The film was both a critical failure and a box office disappointment, becoming the lowest-grossing Superman film to date. Reeve later said, \"the less said about Superman IV the better.\" Both of Reeve's children had an uncredited appearance in a deleted scene in which Superman rescues a girl and reunites her with her brother after Nuclear Man creates a tornado.", "precise_score": 1.0586580038070679, "rough_score": 3.4033963680267334, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Reeve's first role after 1978's Superman was as Richard Collier in the 1980 romantic fantasy Somewhere in Time. Jane Seymour played Elise McKenna, his love interest. The film was shot on Mackinac Island in mid-1979 and was Reeve's favorite film ever to shoot. After the film was completed, the plan was for a limited release and to build word of mouth, but early test screenings were favorable and the studio decided on a wide release, which ultimately proved to be the wrong strategy. Early reviews savaged the film as overly sentimental and melodramatic and an actors' strike prevented Reeve and Seymour from doing publicity. The film quickly closed, although Jean-Pierre Dorléac was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Costume Design in 1980. The film, commercially unsuccessful, was Reeve's first public disappointment. Almost 10 years after Somewhere in Time was released it became a cult film, thanks to screenings on cable networks and video rentals; its popularity began to grow, vindicating the belief of the creative team. INSITE, the International Network of Somewhere in Time Enthusiasts, did fundraising to sponsor a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1997 for Reeve. Jane Seymour became a personal friend of Reeve and in 1996 named her twin son Kristopher in his honor. ", "precise_score": 3.0346744060516357, "rough_score": 6.161866188049316, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Gae Exton, Reeve's partner at the time, gave birth to their son, Matthew Exton Reeve, on December 20, 1979, at Welbeck Hospital in London, England. After finishing Superman II, the family left London and rented a house in Hollywood Hills. Soon after, Reeve grew tired of Hollywood and took the family to Williamstown, Massachusetts, where he played the lead in the successful play The Front Page, directed by Robert Allan Ackerman. Later in the year, Reeve played a disabled Vietnam veteran in the Broadway play Fifth of July. In his research for the role, he was coached by an amputee on how to walk on artificial legs.Reeve, Christopher (1998), pp 207–212", "precise_score": -0.01688295044004917, "rough_score": 2.215142011642456, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "After The Fifth of July, Reeve stretched his acting range further and played a homicidal novice playwright trying to kill his lover and mentor Michael Caine in Sidney Lumet's dark comedy film Deathtrap based on the play by Ira Levin. The film was well received. After Superman II, Reeve portrayed partially corrupt Catholic priest John Flaherty in Monsignor. Reeve felt this gave him the opportunity to play \"a morally ambiguous character who was neither clearly good nor clearly bad, someone to whom life is much more complex than the characters I've played previously\". Reeve blamed the failure of the film on poor editing. He said \"the movie is sort of a series of outrageous incidents that you find hard to believe. Since they don't have a focus, and since they aren't justified and explained, they become laughable\"", "precise_score": 0.022059420123696327, "rough_score": -1.752036213874817, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Reeve was then offered the role of Basil Ransom in The Bostonians alongside Vanessa Redgrave. Though Reeve ordinarily commanded over one million dollars per film, the producers could only afford to pay him one-tenth of that. Reeve had no complaints, as he was happy to be doing a role that he could be proud of. The film exceeded expectations and did very well at the box office for what was considered to be an art house film. The New York Times called it \"the best adaptation of a literary work yet made for the screen.\" Katharine Hepburn called Reeve to tell him that he was \"absolutely marvelous\" and \"captivating\" in the film. When told that he was currently shooting Anna Karenina, she said, \"Oh, that's a terrible mistake.\" ", "precise_score": -2.27589750289917, "rough_score": -3.6065752506256104, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Reeve was a licensed pilot and flew solo across the Atlantic twice. During the filming of Superman III, he raced his sailplane in his free time. He joined The Tiger Club, a group of aviators who had served in the Royal Air Force in the Battle of Britain. They let him participate in mock dogfights in vintage World War I combat planes. The producers of the film The Aviator approached him without knowing that he was a pilot and that he knew how to fly a Stearman, the plane used in the film. Reeve readily accepted the role. The film was shot in Kranjska Gora, and Reeve did all of his stunts. At this time, Gae Exton gave birth to their second child, Alexandra Exton Reeve, in December 1983 at Welbeck Hospital in London, England. ", "precise_score": -1.1386667490005493, "rough_score": -0.8641320466995239, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "In 1984, Reeve appeared in The Aspern Papers with Vanessa Redgrave. He then played Tony in The Royal Family and the Count in Marriage of Figaro.", "precise_score": -3.2558517456054688, "rough_score": -6.210493087768555, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "In 1985, Reeve hosted the television documentary Dinosaur! Fascinated with dinosaurs since he was a kid (as he says in the documentary) he flew himself to New York in his own plane to shoot on location at the American Museum of Natural History. Also in 1985, DC Comics named Reeve as one of the honorees in the company's 50th anniversary publication Fifty Who Made DC Great for his work on the Superman film series. ", "precise_score": -0.796065092086792, "rough_score": 1.1975010633468628, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "After Superman IV in 1987, Reeve's relationship with Exton fell apart, and they separated. He moved to New York without his children. He became depressed and decided that doing a comedy might be good for him. He was given a lead in Switching Channels. Burt Reynolds and Kathleen Turner had a feud during filming, which made the time even more unbearable for Reeve. Reeve later stated that he made a fool of himself in the film and that most of his time was spent refereeing between Reynolds and Turner. The film did poorly, and Reeve believed that it marked the end of his movie star career. He spent the next years mostly doing plays. He tried out for the Richard Gere role in Pretty Woman, but walked out on the audition because they had a half-hearted casting director fill in for Julia Roberts. ", "precise_score": -0.44834527373313904, "rough_score": 3.219632387161255, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "In the late 1980s, Reeve became more active. He was taking horse-riding lessons, and trained five to six days a week for competition in combined training events. He built a sailboat, The Sea Angel, and sailed from the Chesapeake to Nova Scotia. He campaigned for Senator Patrick Leahy and made speeches throughout the state. He served as a board member for the Charles Lindbergh Fund, which promotes environmentally safe technologies. He lent support to causes such as Amnesty International, the Natural Resources Defense Council, and People for the American Way. He joined the Environmental Air Force, and used his Cheyenne II turboprop plane to take government officials and journalists over areas of environmental damage. In late 1987, 77 actors in Santiago, Chile were threatened with execution by the dictator Augusto Pinochet. Reeve was asked by Ariel Dorfman to help save their lives. Reeve flew to Chile and helped lead a protest march. A cartoon then ran in a newspaper showing him carrying Pinochet by the collar with the caption, \"Where will you take him, Superman?\" For his heroics, he was awarded the Grand Cross of the Bernardo O'Higgins Order, the highest Chilean distinction for foreigners. He also received the Obie Prize and the Annual Walter Brielh Human Rights Foundation award. Reeve's friend Ron Silver later started the Creative Coalition, an organization designed to teach celebrities how to speak knowledgeably about political issues. Reeve was an early member of the group, along with Susan Sarandon, Alec Baldwin, and Blythe Danner. ", "precise_score": -5.439770221710205, "rough_score": -4.602320671081543, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "In 1990, Reeve starred in the Civil War film, The Rose and the Jackal, in which he played Allan Pinkerton, the head of President Lincoln's new Secret Service. Dana gave birth to William Elliot \"Will\" Reeve on June 7, 1992 at North Adams Regional Hospital in North Adams, Massachusetts. In October, Reeve was offered the part of Lewis in The Remains of the Day. The script was one of the best he had read, and he unhesitatingly took the part. The film was deemed an instant classic and was nominated for eight Academy Awards. ", "precise_score": -2.5318610668182373, "rough_score": -4.090913772583008, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "In the early 1990s, Reeve was in three roles for television in which he was cast as a villain. The most notable of these was Bump in the Night based on the novel by Isabelle Holland in which Reeve played a child molester who abducts a young boy in New York City. The movie got fair to positive reviews. Reeve felt it was important for parents of young children to see the film. It is on home video in the UK, but not in the US.", "precise_score": -4.453281879425049, "rough_score": -4.79744815826416, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "In another television movie, Mortal Sins (1992), Reeve for the second time played a Catholic priest, this time hearing the confessions of a serial murderer in a role reminiscent of that of Montgomery Clift in Hitchcock's I Confess.", "precise_score": -2.890146017074585, "rough_score": -6.108089447021484, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Following the first Superman movie, Reeve found that Hollywood producers wanted him to be an action star. He later said, \"I found most of the scripts of that genre poorly constructed, and I felt the starring roles could easily be played by anyone with a strong physique.\" In addition, he did not feel that he was right for the other films he was offered, and turned down the lead roles in American Gigolo, The World According to Garp, Splash, Fatal Attraction, Pretty Woman, Romancing the Stone, Lethal Weapon and Body Heat. Katharine Hepburn recommended Reeve to David Lean for the role of Fletcher Christian in The Bounty, a film version of the mutiny on the Bounty starring Anthony Hopkins. After considering it, Reeve decided that he would be miscast, and Lean went with his second choice, Mel Gibson. ", "precise_score": 0.46516114473342896, "rough_score": -0.723024308681488, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Reeve began his involvement in horse riding in 1985 after learning to ride for the film Anna Karenina. He was initially allergic to horses, so he took antihistamines. He trained on Martha's Vineyard, and by 1989 he began eventing. His allergies soon disappeared. ", "precise_score": -5.58438777923584, "rough_score": -5.8959641456604, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Reeve left Kessler feeling inspired by the other patients he had met. Because he was constantly being covered by the media, he decided to use his name to put focus on spinal cord injuries. In 1996, he appeared at the Academy Awards to a long standing ovation and gave a speech about Hollywood's duty to make movies that face the world's most important issues head-on. He also hosted the Paralympics in Atlanta and spoke at the Democratic National Convention. He traveled across the country to make speeches, never needing a teleprompter or a script. For these efforts, he was placed on the cover of TIME on August 26, 1996. In the same year, he narrated the HBO film Without Pity: A Film About Abilities. The film won the Emmy Award for \"Outstanding Informational Special.\" He then acted in a small role in the film A Step Towards Tomorrow. ", "precise_score": -5.138574600219727, "rough_score": -4.575721263885498, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Reeve was elected Chairman of the American Paralysis Association and Vice Chairman of the National Organization on Disability. He co-founded the Reeve-Irvine Research Center, which is now one of the leading spinal cord research centers in the world. He created the Christopher Reeve Foundation (currently known as the Christopher and Dana Reeve Foundation) to speed up research through funding, and to use grants to improve the quality of the lives of people with disabilities. The Foundation to date has given more than $65 million for research, and more than $8.5 million in quality-of-life grants. The Foundation has funded a new technology called \"Locomotor Training\" that uses a treadmill to mimic the movements of walking to help develop neural connections, in effect re-teaching the spinal cord how to send signals to the legs to walk. This technology has helped several paralyzed patients walk again. Of Christopher Reeve, UC Irvine said, \"in the years following his injury, Christopher did more to promote research on spinal cord injury and other neurological disorders than any other person before or since.\" ", "precise_score": -5.890560150146484, "rough_score": -5.939040660858154, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "In 1997, Reeve made his directorial debut with the HBO film In the Gloaming with Robert Sean Leonard, Glenn Close, Whoopi Goldberg, Bridget Fonda and David Strathairn. The film won four Cable Ace Awards and was nominated for five Emmy Awards including \"Outstanding Director for a Miniseries or Special.\" Dana Reeve said, \"There's such a difference in his outlook, his health, his overall sense of well-being when he's working at what he loves, which is creative work.\" In 1998, Reeve produced and starred in Rear Window, a remake of Alfred Hitchcock's 1954 film. He was nominated for a Golden Globe and won a Screen Actors Guild Award for his performance. On April 25, 1998, Random House published Reeve's autobiography, Still Me. The book spent eleven weeks on the New York Times Best Seller list and Reeve won a Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album. ", "precise_score": -0.716364860534668, "rough_score": -1.692263126373291, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "On February 25, 2003, Reeve appeared in the television series Smallville as Dr. Swann in the episode \"Rosetta.\" In that episode, Dr. Swann brings to Clark Kent (Tom Welling) information about where he comes from and how to use his powers for the good of mankind. The scenes of Reeve and Welling feature music cues from the 1978 Superman movie, composed by John Williams and arranged by Mark Snow. At the end of this episode, Reeve and Welling appeared in a short spot inviting people to support the Christopher Reeve Paralysis Foundation. \"Rosetta\" set ratings history for The WB network. The fan community met the episode with rave reviews and praise it as being among the series' best to this day. ", "precise_score": 0.37447094917297363, "rough_score": 0.48443764448165894, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Also in 2004, Reeve directed the A&E film The Brooke Ellison Story. The film is based on the true story of Brooke Ellison, the first quadriplegic to graduate from Harvard University. Reeve during this time was directing the animated film Everyone's Hero. It was one of his dream projects and he died during the middle of production for the film. His wife, Dana helped out and his son, Will was a cast member in the film.", "precise_score": -3.722532272338867, "rough_score": -4.362325191497803, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Superman (informally titled Superman: The Movie in some listings and reference sources) is a 1978 superhero film directed by Richard Donner. It is based on the DC Comics character of the same name and stars Marlon Brando, Gene Hackman, Christopher Reeve, Margot Kidder, Glenn Ford, Phyllis Thaxter, Jackie Cooper, Trevor Howard, Marc McClure, Terence Stamp, Valerie Perrine, and Ned Beatty. The film depicts Superman's origin, including his infancy as Kal-El of Krypton and his youthful years in the rural town of Smallville. Disguised as reporter Clark Kent, he adopts a mild-mannered disposition in Metropolis and develops a romance with Lois Lane, while battling the villainous Lex Luthor.", "precise_score": 3.093130588531494, "rough_score": 3.619920253753662, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Several directors, most notably Guy Hamilton, and screenwriters (Mario Puzo, David and Leslie Newman, and Robert Benton), were associated with the project before Donner was hired to direct. Tom Mankiewicz was drafted in to rewrite the script and was given a \"creative consultant\" credit. It was decided to film both Superman and Superman II simultaneously, with principal photography beginning in March 1977 and ending in October 1978. Tensions arose between Donner and the producers, and a decision was made to stop filming the sequel—of which 75 percent had already been completed—and finish the first film. ", "precise_score": 0.6781783699989319, "rough_score": -2.151973247528076, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "The most expensive film made up to that point, with a budget of $55 million, Superman was released in December 1978 to critical acclaim and financial success, earning $300 million during its original theatrical run. Reviewers particularly praised Reeve's performance. It was nominated for three Academy Awards including Best Film Editing, Best Music (Original Score), and Best Sound Mixing, and received a Special Achievement Academy Award for Visual Effects. Groundbreaking in its use of special effects and science fiction/fantasy storytelling, the film's legacy presaged the mainstream popularity of Hollywood's superhero film franchises.", "precise_score": 4.638591289520264, "rough_score": 6.50650691986084, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "* Christopher Reeve as Clark Kent/Superman: Born on Krypton as Kal-El and raised on Earth, he is a being of immense power, strength and invulnerability who, after realizing his destiny to serve mankind, uses his powers to protect and save others. As a means to protect his identity, he works in Metropolis at the Daily Planet as mild-mannered newspaper reporter Clark Kent and changes his clothes into a red-blue red caped suit with an S shield on its chest and known for his dubbing as \"Superman\" by Lois. Reeve was picked from over 200 actors who auditioned for the role.", "precise_score": -1.7814399003982544, "rough_score": -0.4793063998222351, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "* Margot Kidder as Lois Lane: A reporter at the Daily Planet, who becomes a romantic interest to Clark Kent. The producers and director had a very specific concept for Lois: liberated, hard-nosed, witty and attractive. Kidder was cast because her performance had a certain spark and vitality, and because of her strong interaction with Christopher Reeve. Over 100 actresses were considered for the role. Margot Kidder (suggested by Stalmaster), Anne Archer, Susan Blakely, Lesley Ann Warren, Deborah Raffin and Stockard Channing screen tested from March through May 1977. The final decision was between Channing and Kidder, with the latter winning the role.", "precise_score": -5.88534688949585, "rough_score": -5.2565412521362305, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Ilya Salkind had first conceived the idea for a Superman film in late 1973. In November 1974, after a long, difficult process with DC Comics, the Superman film rights were purchased by Ilya, his father Alexander Salkind, and their partner Pierre Spengler. DC wanted a list of actors that were to be considered for Superman, and approved the producer's choices of Muhammad Ali, Al Pacino, James Caan, Steve McQueen, Clint Eastwood and Dustin Hoffman.Richard Donner, Tom Mankiewicz, Ilya Salkind, Pierre Spengler, David Prowse, You Will Believe: The Cinematic Saga of Superman, 2006, Warner Home Video The filmmakers felt it was best to film Superman and Superman II back-to-back, simultaneously, and to make a negative pickup deal with Warner Bros.Richard Donner, Tom Mankiewicz, Christopher Reeve, Margot Kidder, Lynn Stalmaster, Marc McClure, Taking Flight: The Development of Superman, 2001, Warner Home Video William Goldman was approached to write the screenplay, while Leigh Brackett was considered. Ilya hired Alfred Bester, who began writing a film treatment. Alexander felt, however, that Bester was not famous enough, so he hired Mario Puzo (The Godfather) to write the screenplay at a $600,000 salary. Francis Ford Coppola, William Friedkin, Richard Lester, Peter Yates, John Guillermin, Ronald Neame and Sam Peckinpah were in negotiations to direct. Peckinpah dropped out when he produced a gun during a meeting with Ilya. George Lucas turned down the offer because of his commitment to Star Wars.", "precise_score": -1.2196040153503418, "rough_score": -0.34234383702278137, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "When it was next decided to cast an unknown actor, casting director Lynn Stalmaster first suggested Christopher Reeve, but Donner and the producers felt he was too young and skinny. Over 200 unknown actors auditioned for Superman. ", "precise_score": -2.255934000015259, "rough_score": 0.2189953476190567, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Stalmaster convinced Donner and Ilya to have Reeve screen test in February 1977. Reeve stunned the director and producers, but he was told to wear a \"muscle suit\" to produce the desired muscular physique. Reeve refused,Lynn Stalmaster, Superman: Screen Tests, 2001, Warner Home Video undertaking a strict physical exercise regime headed by David Prowse. Prowse had wanted to portray Superman, but was denied an audition by the filmmakers because he was not American. Prowse also auditioned for Non. Reeve went from 188 to 212 pounds during pre-production and filming. Reeve was paid a mere $250,000 for both Superman and Superman II, while his veteran co-stars received huge sums of money: $3.7 million for Brando and $2 million for Hackman for Superman I. However, Reeve felt, \"'Superman' brought me many opportunities, rather than closing a door in my face.\" Jeff East portrays teenage Clark Kent. East had his voice overdubbed by Reeve. \"I was not happy about it because the producers never told me what they had in mind,\" East commented. \"It was done without my permission but it turned out to be okay. Chris did a good job but it caused tension between us. We resolved our issues with each other years later.\" East also tore several thigh muscles when performing the stunt of racing alongside the train. He applied 3 to 4 hours of prosthetic makeup daily to facially resemble Reeve.", "precise_score": -0.0839032307267189, "rough_score": 0.7474505305290222, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Principal photography began on March 28, 1977 at Pinewood Studios for Krypton scenes, budgeted as the most expensive film ever made at that point. Since Superman was being shot simultaneously with Superman II, filming lasted 19 months, until October 1978. Filming was originally scheduled to last between seven and eight months, but problems arose during production. John Barry served as production designer, while Stuart Craig and Norman Reynolds worked as art directors. Derek Meddings and Les Bowie were credited as visual effects supervisors. Stuart Freeborn was the make-up artist, while Barry, David Tomblin, John Glen, David Lane, Robert Lynn and an uncredited Peter Duffell and André de Toth directed second unit scenes. Vic Armstrong was hired as the stunt coordinator and Reeve's stunt double; his wife Wendy Leech was Kidder's double. Superman was also the final complete film by cinematographer Geoffrey Unsworth, who died during post-production while working on Tess for director Roman Polanski. The Fortress of Solitude was constructed at Shepperton Studios and at Pinewood's 007 Stage.Making Superman: Filming The Legend, 2001, Warner Home VideoLook, Up in the Sky: The Amazing Story of Superman, 2006, Warner Home Video Upon viewing the footage of Krypton, Warner Bros. decided to distribute in not only North America, but also in foreign countries. Due to complications and problems during filming, Warner Bros. also supplied $20 million and acquired television rights.", "precise_score": 1.0059521198272705, "rough_score": -0.8608158826828003, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "The Christian imagery in the Reeve films has provoked comment on the Jewish origins of Superman. Rabbi Simcha Weinstein's book Up, Up and Oy Vey: How Jewish History, Culture and Values Shaped the Comic Book Superhero, says that Superman is both a pillar of society and one whose cape conceals a \"nebbish\", saying \"He's a bumbling, nebbish Jewish stereotype. He's Woody Allen.\" Ironically, it is also in the Reeve films that Clark Kent's persona has the greatest resemblance to Woody Allen, though his conscious model was Cary Grant's character in Bringing Up Baby. This same theme is pursued about 1940s superheroes generally in Disguised as Clark Kent: Jews, Comics, and the Creation of the Superhero by Danny Fingeroth.", "precise_score": -2.8352415561676025, "rough_score": -2.210683584213257, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Superman was originally scheduled to be released in June 1978, the 40th anniversary of Action Comics 1, which first introduced Superman, but the problems during filming pushed the film back by six months. Editor Stuart Baird reflected, \"Filming was finished in October 1978 and it is a miracle we had the film released two months later. Big-budgeted films today tend to take six to eight months.\" Donner, for his part, wished that he had \"had another six months; I would have perfected a lot of things. But at some point, you've gotta turn the picture over.\" Warner Bros. spent $7 million to market and promote the film. ", "precise_score": 1.3109019994735718, "rough_score": 1.2226060628890991, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Superman premiered at the Uptown Theater in Washington, D.C. on December 10, 1978, with director Richard Donner and several cast members in attendance. Three days later, on December 13, it had a European Royal Charity Premiere at the Empire, Leicester Square in London in the presence of HM Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Andrew. It went on to gross $134.21 million in North America and $166 million internationally, totaling $300.21 million worldwide. Superman was the second highest-grossing film of 1978 (behind only Grease), and became the sixth-highest grossing film of all time after its theatrical run. It was also Warner Bros.' most successful film at the time.", "precise_score": 1.2255736589431763, "rough_score": -1.8670068979263306, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Based on 53 reviews collected by Rotten Tomatoes, 93% of reviewers enjoyed Superman, with the consensus \"Superman deftly blends humor and gravitas, taking advantage of the perfectly cast Reeve to craft a loving, nostalgic tribute to an American pop culture icon.\" By comparison, Metacritic collected an average score of 88, resulting in \"universal acclaim\", based on 12 reviews. The film was widely regarded as one of top 10 films of 1978. Superman creators Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster gave a positive reaction. Shuster was \"delighted to see Superman on the screen. I got chills. Chris Reeve has just the right touch of humor. He really is Superman\".", "precise_score": 4.056109428405762, "rough_score": 2.7841238975524902, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Roger Ebert gave a very positive review. \"Superman is a pure delight, a wondrous combination of all the old-fashioned things we never really get tired of: adventure and romance, heroes and villains, earthshaking special effects and wit. Reeve is perfectly cast in the role. Any poor choice would have ruined the film\". Ebert placed the film on his 10 best list of 1978. He would later go on to place it on his \"Great Movies\" list. James Berardinelli believed \"there's no doubt that it's a flawed movie, but it's one of the most wonderfully entertaining flawed movies made during the 1970s. It's exactly what comic book fans hoped it would be. Perhaps most heartening of all, however, is the message at the end of the credits announcing the impending arrival of Superman II.\" Harry Knowles is a longtime fan of the film, but was critical of elements that did not represent the Superman stories as seen in the comics. Dave Kehr felt \"the tone, style, and point of view change almost from shot to shot. This is the definitive corporate film. It is best when it takes itself seriously, worst when it takes the easy way out in giggly camp, When Lex Luthor enters the action, Hackman plays the arch-villain like a hairdresser left over from a TV skit.\" Neal Gabler similarly felt that the film focused too much on shallow comedy. He also argued that the film should have adhered more to the spirit of Mario Puzo's original script, and referred to the first three Superman films collectively as \"simply puffed-up TV episodes\". ", "precise_score": 3.1693673133850098, "rough_score": 2.0396904945373535, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Thau explained, \"I worked on Ladyhawke and that's how I met Donner and Tom Mankiewicz. I used to hear those wonderful stories in the cutting room that Tom, Donner and Stuart would tell about Superman and that's how I kind of got the ideas for the plots of Taking Flight and Making Superman. Donner commented, \"There were a few shots where the Superman costume looked green. We went in and cleaned that up, bringing the color back to where it should be.\" Thau wanted to make the film shorter, \"I wanted to take out the damn flying sequence where Lois is reciting a poem [\"Can You Read My Mind\"] when they're flying around. I also wanted to take out where it was just generic action. It was like a two-minute car chase. Donner protested and the stuff stayed in.\" It was followed by a box set release in the same month, containing \"bare bones\" editions of Superman II, Superman III and Superman IV: The Quest for Peace. In November 2006, a four-disc special edition was released, followed by an HD DVD release and Blu-ray. Also available (with other films) is the nine-disc \"Christopher Reeve Superman Collection\" and the 14-disc \"Superman Ultimate Collector's Edition\". ", "precise_score": -4.113472938537598, "rough_score": -5.5823750495910645, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Superman was successful at the 32nd British Academy Film Awards. Reeve won Best Newcomer, while Hackman, Unsworth, Barry and the sound designers earned nominations. The film won the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation. At the Saturn Awards, Kidder, Barry, John Williams and the visual effects department received awards, and the film won Best Science Fiction Film. Reeve, Hackman, Donner, Valerie Perrine and costume designer Yvonne Blake were nominated for their work as well. In addition, Williams was nominated at the 36th Golden Globe Awards and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media. In 2007, the Visual Effects Society listed Superman as the 44th most influential use of visual effects of all time. In 2008, Empire magazine named it the #174 greatest film of all-time on its list of 500. The film also received recognition from the American Film Institute. Superman was selected as the 26th greatest film hero of all time. The film was considered for the AFI's 100 Years... 100 Cheers list, but did not make it past the ballot. In 2009, Entertainment Weekly ranked Superman 3rd on their list of The All-Time Coolest Heroes in Pop Culture. ", "precise_score": -0.8165009617805481, "rough_score": -0.3758307993412018, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "With the film's success, it was immediately decided to finish Superman II. Ilya and Alexander Salkind and Pierre Spengler did not ask Donner to return because Donner had criticized them during the film's publicity phase. Donner commented in January 1979, \"I'd work with Spengler again, but only on my terms. As long as he has nothing to say as the producer, and is just liaison between Alexander Salkind and his money, that's fine. If they don't want it on those terms, then they need to go out and find another director, it sure as shit ain't gonna be me.\" Kidder, who portrayed Lois Lane, was dissatisfied by the producers' decision, and also criticized the Salkinds during publicity. As a result, Kidder was only given a cameo appearance for Superman III, and not a main supporting role. Jack O'Halloran, who portrayed Non, stated, \"It was great to work with Donner. Richard Lester was as big an asshole as the Salkinds.\" Two more films, Superman III (1983) and Superman IV: The Quest for Peace (1987), were produced. Superman Returns was released in 2006. Director Bryan Singer credited the 1978 Superman as an influence for Superman Returns, and used restored footage of Brando as Jor-El. Superman II: The Richard Donner Cut also was released in 2006.", "precise_score": -2.5527572631835938, "rough_score": -4.934162139892578, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Because Superman went into production prior to the releases of Star Wars (May 1977) and Close Encounters of the Third Kind (November 1977), some observers credit the three films collectively for launching the reemergence of a large market for science fiction films ", "precise_score": -1.353395700454712, "rough_score": -4.713657855987549, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "in the 1980s. This is certainly the view of Superman producer Ilya Salkind and some who have interviewed him, as well as of film production assistant Brad Lohan. Other observers of film history tend to credit the resurgence of science fiction films simply to the Lucas and Spielberg productions, and see Superman as the first of the new cycle of films launched by the first two. Ilya Salkind denies any connection between Superman—which began filming in March 1977—and the other films, stating that \"I did not know about 'Star Wars'; 'Star Wars' did not know about 'Superman'; 'Close Encounters' did not know about 'Superman.' It really was completely independent – nobody knew anything about anybody.\" Superman also established the superhero film genre as viable outside the production of low-budget Saturday matinee serials. Director Christopher Nolan cited Richard Donner's vision and scope of Superman when pitching the concept for Batman Begins to Warner Bros. in 2002.The Fire Rises: The Creation and Impact of the Dark Knight Trilogy [Blu-ray, 2013]", "precise_score": -2.544651746749878, "rough_score": -5.1774139404296875, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "The movie Superman was so successful, a sequel (Superman II) was made, followed by two more sequels (Superman III and Superman IV), all in the 1980s, and Reeve played the part of Superman in all three. The first Superman movie also starred Marlon Brando as Lex Luthor, Margot Kidder as Lois Lane, and Terence Stamp as General Zod. (Marlon Brando was paid $4 million for under eight minutes of screen time, a remarkably high sum at the time.) John Williams wrote the score for the film, whose theme song won a Grammy award.", "precise_score": 3.3210391998291016, "rough_score": 2.8782031536102295, "source": "search", "title": "superman christopher reeve - Question.com" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Before playing Superman, Christopher Reeve acted onstage and on a television soap opera. His later screen credits include The Bostonians and Somewhere in Time, now a cult classic. In May 1995, Christopher Reeve was paralyzed from the neck down after falling from his horse in a riding competition. He had largely retired from film production since then, instead devoting his time to rehabilitation therapy. With his wife Dana, he opened the Christopher and Dana Reeve Paralysis Resource Center in Short Hills, New Jersey, a center devoted to teaching paralyzed people to live more independently.", "precise_score": 1.343414068222046, "rough_score": 5.626801490783691, "source": "search", "title": "superman christopher reeve - Question.com" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Christopher Reeve died on 10 October, 2004.", "precise_score": -5.5399861335754395, "rough_score": -3.744688034057617, "source": "search", "title": "superman christopher reeve - Question.com" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Superman (1978)", "precise_score": -1.4316614866256714, "rough_score": -3.906186580657959, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Superman (1978)", "precise_score": -1.4316614866256714, "rough_score": -3.906186580657959, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Superman (1978) - IMDb", "precise_score": -2.049774169921875, "rough_score": -5.836370944976807, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "The next actor to make a significant impact on the role of Superman was Christopher Reeve, who starred as the caped wonder in the Superman film series, including the 1978 release of Superman: The Movie; Superman II, released in 1980; Superman III, released in 1983 and Superman IV:  The Quest for Peace, released in 1987.  Like Reeves, Reeve had difficulty finding other work once he played the role of Clark Kent.  And like Reeves, the curse of Superman struck again, as Christopher Reeve suffered a horseback riding injury in 1995.  He was paralyzed from the neck down as the result of his fall, and while he lived another decade as an advocate for spinal injury, Reeve died of heart failure in 2004, complications stemming from the injury.", "precise_score": 5.236035346984863, "rough_score": 7.772032260894775, "source": "search", "title": "Actors Who Have Played Superman - About.com Entertainment" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Alyn would later make a cameo appearance in the 1978 film \"Superman,\" and also had a role in a parody film, playing \"Pa Cant\" in \"Superbman.\"", "precise_score": -1.7154490947723389, "rough_score": -4.424899578094482, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "But he was given true flesh and blood by then-unknown Christopher Reeve in the epic 1978 film, \"Superman,\" which featured an all-star cast, including Marlon Brando, Gene Hackman, and Margot Kidder as Lois Lane.", "precise_score": 4.380885601043701, "rough_score": 7.0840229988098145, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Margot Kidder, as Lois Lane, gets a flying lesson from Christopher Reeve in \"Superman\" (1978).", "precise_score": 2.395989179611206, "rough_score": 5.422638416290283, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Superman (Christopher Reeve) raises a car from an earthquake-induced crevasse in \"Superman\" (1978).", "precise_score": 2.07462215423584, "rough_score": 5.096790790557861, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Christopher Reeve suited up for a fourth go as the character in \"Superman IV: The Quest for Peace\" (1987), in which he does battle on the Moon with Nuclear Man (Mark Pillow). And yeah, that's an American flag on the lunar surface, 'cause Nuclear Man don't have no respect. Reeve was credited as a co-writer of the film's story, about the Man of Steel's effort to rid the world of nuclear weapons.", "precise_score": 0.7053980827331543, "rough_score": -0.025249214842915535, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "If you’re a “Man of Steel” fan, chances are you’ve read some creative explanations for how Christopher Reeve managed to reverse the Earth’s spin back in 1978. The concept has sparked heavy debate over the years, but in a move that warms the cockles of our nerdy hearts, a group of physics students from the University of Leicester have calculated how fast Superman would have had to fly to make it happen.", "precise_score": -0.20531785488128662, "rough_score": 2.435114622116089, "source": "search", "title": "How Fast Would SUPERMAN Have to Fly to Reverse the Earth’s ..." }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Harry Potter is a British film series based on the Harry Potter novels by author J. K. Rowling. The series is distributed by Warner Bros. and consists of eight fantasy films, beginning with Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (2001) and culminating with Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 (2011). ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.812190055847168, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "The series was mainly produced by David Heyman and stars Daniel Radcliffe, Rupert Grint and Emma Watson as the three leading characters: Harry Potter, Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger. Four directors worked on the series: Chris Columbus, Alfonso Cuarón, Mike Newell, and David Yates. All eight movies had their screenplays written by Steve Kloves, with the exception of Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (2007), written by Michael Goldenberg. Production took over ten years to complete, with the main story arc following Harry Potter's quest to overcome his arch-enemy Lord Voldemort. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.409675598144531, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, the seventh and final novel in the series, was adapted into two feature-length parts. Part 1 was released in November 2010, and Part 2 was released in July 2011. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.152570724487305, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban is the only film in the series not among the 50 highest-grossing films, with Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2, the highest-grossing film in the series and one of 26 films to gross over $1 billion, ranking at number 8. Without inflation adjustment, it is the second highest-grossing film series with $7.7 billion in worldwide receipts.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.222888946533203, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Late in 1997, film producer David Heyman's London offices received a copy of the first book in what would become Rowling's series of seven Harry Potter novels. The book, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, was relegated to a low-priority bookshelf, where it was discovered by a secretary who read it and gave it to Heyman with a positive review. Consequently, Heyman, who had originally disliked \"the rubbish title\", read the book himself. Highly impressed by Rowling's work, he began the process that led to one of the most successful cinematic franchises of all time. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.684601783752441, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Heyman's enthusiasm led to Rowling's 1999 sale of the film rights for the first four Harry Potter books to Warner Bros. for a reported £1 million (US$2,000,000). A demand Rowling made was that the principal cast be kept strictly British, allowing nevertheless for the inclusion of many Irish actors, such as Richard Harris as Dumbledore, and for casting of French and Eastern European actors in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire where characters from the book are specified as such. Rowling was hesitant to sell the rights because she \"didn't want to give them control over the rest of the story\" by selling the rights to the characters, which would have enabled Warner Bros. to make non-author-written sequels. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.362068176269531, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Although Steven Spielberg initially negotiated to direct the first film, he declined the offer. Spielberg wanted the adaptation to be an animated film, with American actor Haley Joel Osment to provide Harry Potter's voice. Spielberg contended that, in his opinion, there was every expectation of profit in making the film. He claims that making money would have been like \"shooting ducks in a barrel. It's just a slam dunk. It's just like withdrawing a billion dollars and putting it into your personal bank accounts. There's no challenge\". In the \"Rubbish\" Bin section of her website, Rowling maintains that she had no role in choosing directors for the films, writing \"Anyone who thinks I could (or would) have 'veto-ed' him [Spielberg] needs their Quick-Quotes Quill serviced.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.060935020446777, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "After Spielberg left, conversations began with other directors, including Chris Columbus, Jonathan Demme, Terry Gilliam, Mike Newell, Alan Parker, Wolfgang Petersen, Rob Reiner, Tim Robbins, Brad Silberling, and Peter Weir. Petersen and Reiner both pulled out of the running in March 2000. It was then narrowed down to Columbus, Gilliam, Parker, and Silberling. Rowling's first choice was Terry Gilliam. However, on 28 March 2000 Columbus was appointed as director of the film, with Warner Bros. citing his work on other family films such as Home Alone and Mrs. Doubtfire as influences for their decision. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.02940559387207, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Steve Kloves was selected to write the screenplay for the first film. He described adapting the book as \"tough\" since it did not \"lend itself to adaptation as well as the next two books\". Kloves was sent a \"raft\" of synopses of books proposed as film adaptations, with Harry Potter being the only one that jumped out at him. He went out and bought the book, becoming an instant fan. When speaking to Warner Bros. he stated that the film had to be British and true to the characters. David Heyman was confirmed to produce the film. Rowling received a large amount of creative control for the film, an arrangement that Columbus did not mind. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.722880363464355, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Warner Bros. had initially planned to release the first film over the 4 July 2001 weekend, making for such a short production window that several of the originally proposed directors had withdrawn themselves from contention. Eventually, due to time constraints, the date was put back to 16 November 2001. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.863664627075195, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Casting the roles of Harry, Ron, and Hermione", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.28215503692627, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Radcliffe had already established himself as an actor in the 1999 BBC television production of David Copperfield in which he played the title role's childhood years. Heyman persuaded Radcliffe's parents to allow him to audition for the part of Harry Potter, which involved Radcliffe being filmed. (This screen test footage was released via the first set of Ultimate Editions in 2009.) Rowling was enthusiastic after viewing Radcliffe's filmed test, saying she didn't think there was a better choice for the part of Harry Potter. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.895767211914062, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Also in 2000, the then unknown British actors Emma Watson and Rupert Grint were selected from thousands of auditioning children to play the roles of Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley, respectively. Their only previous acting experience was in school plays. Grint was eleven years old and Watson ten at the time they were cast. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.155532836914062, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Los Angeles Times writer Geoff Boucher, who conducted the above-mentioned interview with Heyman, added that the casting of the three major roles \"is especially impressive in hindsight. The trio's selection was arguably one of the best show-business decisions over the past decade... they have shown admirable grace and steadiness in the face of teen superstardom.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.285512924194336, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Filming of the series began at Leavesden Studios, Hertfordshire, England, in September 2000 and ended in December 2010, with post-production on the final film lasting until summer 2011. Leavesden Studios was the main base for filming Harry Potter, and it opened to the public as a studio tour in 2012 (renamed as Warner Bros. Studios, Leavesden). ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.964681625366211, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "David Heyman has produced all the films in the series with his production company Heyday Films, while David Barron joined the series as an executive producer on Chamber of Secrets and Goblet of Fire. Barron was later appointed producer on the last four films. Chris Columbus was an executive producer on the first two films alongside Mark Radcliffe and Michael Barnathan, but he became a producer on the third film alongside Heyman and Radcliffe. Other executive producers include Tanya Seghatchian and Lionel Wigram. J.K. Rowling, author of the series, was asked to become a producer on Goblet of Fire but declined. However, she accepted the role on the two-part Deathly Hallows. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.342597007751465, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Heyday Films and Columbus's company 1492 Pictures collaborated with Duncan Henderson Productions in 2001, Miracle Productions in 2002, and P of A Productions in 2004. Even though Prisoner of Azkaban was the final film produced by 1492 Pictures, Heyday Films continued with the franchise and collaborated with Patalex IV Productions in 2005. The sixth film in the series, Half-Blood Prince, was the most expensive film to produce . ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.974416732788086, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Warner Bros. split the seventh and final novel in the series, Deathly Hallows, into two cinematic parts. The two parts were filmed back-to-back from early 2009 to summer 2010, with the completion of reshoots taking place on 21 December 2010; this marked the end of filming Harry Potter. Heyman stated that Deathly Hallows was \"shot as one film\" but released in two feature-length parts. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.56801986694336, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Tim Burke, the visual effects supervisor of the series, said of the production on Harry Potter, \"It was this huge family; I think there were over 700 people working at Leavesden, an industry in itself.\" David Heyman said, \"When the first film opened, no way did I think we'd make eight films. That didn't seem feasible until after we'd done the fourth.\" Nisha Parti, the production consultant on the first film, said that Heyman \"made the first film very much the way he felt the studio Warner Bros. wanted to make it.\" After the film's success, Heyman was given \"more freedom\".", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.649194717407227, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "One of the aims of the filmmakers from the beginning of production was to develop the maturity of the films. Chris Columbus stated, \"We realised that these movies would get progressively darker. Again, we didn't know how dark but we realised that as the kids get older, the movies get a little edgier and darker.\" This transpired with the succeeding three directors who would work on the series in the following years, with the films beginning to deal with issues such as death, betrayal, prejudice, and political corruption as the series developed narratively and thematically. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.806621551513672, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "After Chris Columbus had finished working on Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, he was hired to direct the second film, Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets. The production started within a week after the release of the first film. Columbus was set to direct all entries in the series, but he did not want to return for the third film, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, claiming he was \"burned out\". He moved to the position of producer, while Alfonso Cuarón was approached for the role of director. He was initially nervous about directing the instalment since he had not read any of the books or seen the films. After reading the series, he changed his mind and signed on to direct since he had immediately connected to the story. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.408584594726562, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Because Cuarón decided not to direct the fourth instalment, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, a new director had to be selected. Mike Newell was chosen to direct the film, but he declined to direct the next film, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, which was given to David Yates, who also directed Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, becoming the only director to helm more than one film besides Chris Columbus.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.369255065917969, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Chris Columbus said his vision of the first two films was of a \"golden storybook, an old-fashioned look\", while Alfonso Cuarón changed the tone of the series, desaturated the colour palette, and expanded the landscape around Hogwarts. Mike Newell decided to direct the fourth film as a \"paranoid thriller\", while David Yates wanted to \"bring a sense of jeopardy and character to the world\". Cuarón, Newell, and Yates have said that the challenge was striking a balance between making the films according to their individual vision, while working within a cinematic world already established by Columbus. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.049361228942871, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Steve Kloves wrote the screenplays for all but the fifth film, which was penned by Michael Goldenberg. Kloves had direct assistance of J.K. Rowling, though she allowed him what he described as \"tremendous elbow room\". Rowling asked Kloves to remain faithful to the spirit of the books; thus, the plot and tone of each film and its corresponding book are virtually the same, albeit with some changes and omissions for purposes of cinematic style, time, and budget constraints. Michael Goldenberg also received input from Rowling during his adaptation of the fifth novel; Goldenberg was originally considered to adapt the first novel before the studio chose Kloves. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.656888008117676, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "David Heyman briefly explained the book-to-film transition. He commented on Rowling's involvement in the series, stating that she understood that \"books and films are different\" and was \"the best support\" a producer could have. Rowling had overall approval on the scripts, which were viewed and discussed by the director and the producers. Heyman also said that Kloves was the \"key voice\" in the process of adapting the novels and that certain aspects from the books needed to have been excluded from the scripts due to the filmmakers' decision to keep the main focus on Harry's journey as a character, which would ultimately give the films a defined structure. Heyman mentioned that some fans \"don't necessarily understand the adaptation process\" and that the filmmakers would have loved to \"have everything\" from the books in the films but noted that it was not possible since they had \"neither time nor cinematic structure\" to do so. He finished by saying that adapting a novel to the screen is \"a really considered process.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.885783195495605, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Because the films were being made as the novels were being published, the filmmakers had no idea of the story's outcome until the release of the final novel in 2007. Kloves spoke of his relationship with Rowling when adapting the novels by saying, \"The thing is about Jo, which is remarkable for someone who had no experience with the filmmaking process, was her intuition. We had a conversation the very first day I met her where she said, 'I know the movies can't be the books... because I know what's coming and it's impossible to fully dramatise on screen what I'm going to write. But I just ask you to be true to the characters; that's all I care about.'\" Kloves also said, \"I don't know what compelled me to say this [to Rowling], but I said, 'I've just got to warn you my favourite character is not Harry. My favourite character is Hermione.' And I think for some weird reason, from that moment on, she sort of trusted me.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.375602722167969, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Aside from the three lead actors, other notable cast members include Robbie Coltrane as Rubeus Hagrid, Tom Felton as Draco Malfoy, Alan Rickman as Severus Snape, and Dame Maggie Smith as Minerva McGonagall. Richard Harris, who played the role of Professor Albus Dumbledore, died on 25 October 2002 causing the role to be re-cast for the third instalment, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban. David Heyman and director Alfonso Cuarón chose Michael Gambon to portray the character of Dumbledore, which he did for all succeeding films. Notable recurring cast members include Helena Bonham Carter as Bellatrix Lestrange, Warwick Davis as Filius Flitwick, Ralph Fiennes as Lord Voldemort, Brendan Gleeson as Alastor Moody, Richard Griffiths as Vernon Dursley, Jason Isaacs as Lucius Malfoy, Gary Oldman as Sirius Black, Fiona Shaw as Petunia Dursley, Timothy Spall as Peter Pettigrew, David Thewlis as Remus Lupin, Emma Thompson as Sybill Trelawney, Mark Williams as Arthur Weasley, and Julie Walters as Molly Weasley.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.200652122497559, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Craig commented on his experience working in the studio environment: \"I'm the production designer, but on a big movie like Harry Potter I may be responsible for 30 to 35 people; from the supervising art director, and a team of art directors and assistants, to draughtsmen and junior draughtsmen, and then on to model makers, sculptors and scenic artists.\" He said, \"Ten years ago, all the Harry Potter drawings were done in pencil. I would take my roughs and plans and sections and give them to a professional architectural illustrator, who would create concept art using pencil and colour wash on watercolour paper.\" He said the process changed slightly throughout the years due to, what he called, the \"digital revolution\" of making films.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.874067306518555, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Michael Seresin commented on the change of visual style from the first two films to Prisoner of Azkaban: \"The lighting is moodier, with more shadowing and cross-lighting.\" Seresin and Alfonso Cuarón moved away from the strongly coloured and brightly lit cinematography of the first two films and set the stage for the succeeding five films, with the lighting becoming dimmer and the colour palette more muted with Roger Pratt's work on the fourth film. Sławomir Idziak provided the fifth film with a cold, blue tint which mirrored the bleakness of the story, and after comparing a range of digital cameras with 35 mm film, Bruno Delbonnel decided to shoot the sixth movie, Half-Blood Prince, on film rather than the increasingly popular digital format. This decision was kept for the two-part Deathly Hallows with Eduardo Serra, who said that he preferred to work with film because it was \"more technically accurate and dependable\". ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.291360855102539, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Along with continuous changes in cinematographers, there have been five film editors to work in post-production on the series: Richard Francis-Bruce edited the first instalment, Peter Honess the second, Steven Weisberg the third, Mick Audsley the fourth, and Mark Day films five through eight.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.40528678894043, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "The Harry Potter series has had four composers. John Williams was the first composer to enter the series and is known for creating Hedwig's Theme, which is heard at the start of each film. Williams scored the first three films: Philosopher's Stone, Chamber of Secrets, and Prisoner of Azkaban. However, the second entry was adapted and conducted by William Ross due to Williams's conflicting commitments.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.013288497924805, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "In January 2010, Alexandre Desplat was confirmed to compose the score for Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1. The film's orchestration started in the summer with Conrad Pope, the orchestrator on the first three Harry Potter films, collaborating with Desplat. Pope commented that the music \"reminds one of the old days.\" Desplat returned to score Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 in 2011. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.900911331176758, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Director David Yates stated that he wanted John Williams to return to the series for the final instalment, but their schedules did not align due to the urgent demand of a rough cut of the film sooner than was possible. The final recording sessions of Harry Potter took place on 27 May 2011 at Abbey Road Studios with the London Symphony Orchestra, orchestrator Conrad Pope, and composer Alexandre Desplat. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.62142562866211, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "There have been many visual effects companies to work on the Harry Potter series. Some of these include Rising Sun Pictures, Double Negative, Cinesite, Framestore, and Industrial Light & Magic. The latter three have worked on all the films in the series, while Double Negative and Rising Sun Pictures began their commitments with Prisoner of Azkaban and Goblet of Fire, respectively. Framestore contributed by developing many memorable creatures and sequences to the series. Cinesite was involved in producing both miniature and digital effects for the films. Producer David Barron said that \"Harry Potter created the UK effects industry as we know it. On the first film, all the complicated visual effects were done on the [US] west coast. But on the second, we took a leap of faith and gave much of what would normally be given to Californian vendors to UK ones. They came up trumps.\" Tim Burke, the visual effects supervisor, said many studios \"are bringing their work to UK effects companies. Every facility is fully booked, and that wasn't the case before Harry Potter. That's really significant.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.385540962219238, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "On 12 June 2010, filming of the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 and Deathly Hallows – Part 2 was completed with actor Warwick Davis stating on his Twitter account, \"The end of an Era – today is officially the last day of principal photography on 'Harry Potter' – ever. I feel honoured to be here as the director shouts cut for the very last time. Farewell Harry & Hogwarts, it's been magic!\". However, reshoots of the epilogue scene were confirmed to begin in the winter of 2010. The filming was completed on 21 December 2010, marking the official closure of filming the Harry Potter franchise. Exactly four years earlier on that day, author J. K. Rowling's official website revealed the title of the final novel in the series – Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.786784172058105, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (2001)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.32297134399414, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Harry Potter is an orphaned boy brought up by his unfriendly aunt and uncle. At the age of eleven, half-giant Rubeus Hagrid informs him that he is actually a wizard and that his parents were murdered by an evil wizard named Lord Voldemort. Voldemort also attempted to kill one-year-old Harry on the same night, but his killing curse mysteriously rebounded and reduced him to a weak and helpless form. Harry became extremely famous in the Wizarding World as a result. Harry begins his first year at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry and learns about magic. During the year, Harry and his friends Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger become entangled in the mystery of the Philosopher's Stone which is being kept within the school.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.09970760345459, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Harry, Ron, and Hermione return to Hogwarts for their second year, which proves to be more challenging than the last. The Chamber of Secrets has been opened, leaving students and ghosts petrified by an unleashed monster. Harry must face up to claims that he is the heir of Salazar Slytherin (founder of the Chamber), learn that he can speak Parseltongue, and also discover the properties of a mysterious diary only to find himself trapped within the Chamber of Secrets itself.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.272835731506348, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (2004)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.337581634521484, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Harry Potter's third year sees the boy wizard, along with his friends, attending Hogwarts School once again. Professor R. J. Lupin joins the staff as Defence Against the Dark Arts teacher, while convicted murderer Sirius Black escapes from Azkaban Prison. The Ministry of Magic entrusts the Dementors of Azkaban to guard Hogwarts from Black. Harry learns more about his past and his connection with the escaped prisoner.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.2745943069458, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "In Harry's sixth year at Hogwarts, Lord Voldemort and his Death Eaters are increasing their terror upon the Wizarding and Muggle worlds. Headmaster Albus Dumbledore persuades his old friend Horace Slughorn to return to Hogwarts as a professor as there is a vacancy to fill. There is a more important reason, however, for Slughorn's return. While in a Potions lesson, Harry takes possession of a strangely annotated school textbook, inscribed 'This is the property of the Half-Blood Prince'. As romance and hormones lurk within the castle's walls all year, Draco Malfoy struggles to carry out a deed presented to him by Voldemort. Meanwhile, Dumbledore and Harry secretly work together to discover the method on how to destroy the Dark Lord once and for all.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.247483253479004, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 (2010)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.395218849182129, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "After unexpected events at the end of the previous year, Harry, Ron, and Hermione are entrusted with a quest to find and destroy Lord Voldemort's secret to immortality – the Horcruxes. It is supposed to be their final year at Hogwarts, but the collapse of the Ministry of Magic and Voldemort's rise to power prevents them from attending. The trio undergo a long adventure with many obstacles in their path including Death Eaters, Snatchers, the mysterious Deathly Hallows and Harry's connection with the Dark Lord's mind becoming ever stronger.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.286853790283203, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 (2011)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.335883140563965, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "After destroying one Horcrux and discovering the significance of the three Deathly Hallows, Harry, Ron and Hermione continue to seek the other Horcruxes in an attempt to destroy Voldemort, who has now obtained the Elder Wand. The Dark Lord discovers Harry's hunt for Horcruxes and launches an attack on Hogwarts School, where the trio return for one last stand against the dark forces that threaten to rid the Wizarding World of non-magical heritage to achieve pure-blood dominance.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.351959228515625, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "The rights for the first four novels in the series were sold to Warner Bros. for £1,000,000 by J.K. Rowling. After the release of the fourth book in July 2000, the first film, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, was released on 16 November 2001. In its opening weekend, the film grossed $90 million in the United States alone, which set a record opening worldwide. The succeeding three motion picture adaptations followed suit in financial success, while garnering positive reviews from fans and critics. The fifth film, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, was released by Warner Bros. on 11 July 2007 in English-speaking countries, except for the UK and Ireland, which released the movie on 12 July. The sixth, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, was released on 15 July 2009 to critical acclaim and finished its theatrical run ranked as the number two grossing film of 2009 on the worldwide charts. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.310796737670898, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "The final novel, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, was split into two cinematic parts: Part 1 was released on 19 November 2010, and Part 2, the conclusion to both the final film and the series, was released on 15 July 2011. Part 1 was originally scheduled to be released in 3D and 2D, but due to a delay in the 3D conversion process, Warner Bros. released the film only in 2D and IMAX cinemas. However, Part 2 was released in 2D and 3D cinemas as originally planned. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.126496315002441, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "All the films have been a success financially and critically, making the franchise one of the major Hollywood \"tent-poles\" akin to James Bond, Star Wars, Indiana Jones and Pirates of the Caribbean. The series is noted by audiences for growing visually darker and more mature as each film was released. However, opinions of the films generally divide book fans, with some preferring the more faithful approach of the first two films and others preferring the more stylised character-driven approach of the later films. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.452762603759766, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Some also feel the series has a \"disjointed\" feel due to the changes in directors, as well as Michael Gambon's interpretation of Albus Dumbledore differing from that of Richard Harris. Author J. K. Rowling has been constantly supportive of the films, and evaluated Deathly Hallows as her favourite one in the series. She wrote on her website of the changes in the book-to-film transition, \"It is simply impossible to incorporate every one of my storylines into a film that has to be kept under four hours long. Obviously films have restrictions – novels do not have constraints of time and budget; I can create dazzling effects relying on nothing but the interaction of my own and my readers' imaginations\". ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.98844051361084, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "At the 64th British Academy Film Awards in February 2011, J. K. Rowling, David Heyman, David Barron, David Yates, Alfonso Cuarón, Mike Newell, Rupert Grint and Emma Watson collected the Michael Balcon Award for Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema for the series. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.899900436401367, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "In addition, the American Film Institute recognised the entire series with a Special Award at the American Film Institute Awards in 2011. Special awards \"are given to outstanding achievements in the moving image that do not fit into AFI's criteria for the other honorees.\" [http://afi.com/afiawards/AFIAwards11.aspx Afi Awards] In its press release, the Institute referred to the films as \"a landmark series; eight films that earned the trust of a generation who wished for the beloved books of J.K. Rowling to come to life on the silver screen. The collective wizardry of an epic ensemble gave us the gift of growing older with Harry, Ron and Hermione as the magic of Hogwarts sprung from the films and into the hearts and minds of Muggles around the world.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.670746803283691, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Six of the eight films were nominated for a total of 12 Academy Awards. However, the series did not win any. Some critics, fans, and general audiences have expressed disappointment that the series has not captured any Oscars for its achievements. However, detractors have pointed that certain films in the series have had uneven reviews, in contrast to the three films of The Lord of the Rings, which were all critically acclaimed. This has been partially attributed to the Harry Potter franchise going through several directors with their own styles, something that the Academy reportedly does not favour, in contrast to the Lord of the Rings trilogy, which was filmed in one massive undertaking by the same director, writer, and producer. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.761775970458984, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Philosopher's Stone achieved seven BAFTA Award nominations, including Best British Film and Best Supporting Actor for Robbie Coltrane. The film was also nominated for eight Saturn Awards and won for its costumes design. It was also nominated at the Art Directors Guild Awards for its production design and received the Broadcast Film Critics Award for Best Live Action Family Film along with gaining two other nominations. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.561524391174316, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Chamber of Secrets won the award for Best Live Action Family Film in the Phoenix Film Critics Society. It was nominated for seven Saturn Awards, including Best Director and Best Fantasy Film. The film was nominated for four BAFTA Awards and a Grammy Award for John Williams's score. Prisoner of Azkaban won an Audience Award, as well as Best Feature Film, at the BAFTA Awards. The film also won a BMI Film Music award along with being nominated at the Grammy Awards, Visual Effect Society Awards, and the Amanda Awards. Goblet of Fire won a BAFTA award for Best Production Design as well as being nominated at the Saturn Awards, Critic's Choice Awards, and the Visual Effects Society Awards.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.484648704528809, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Deathly Hallows – Part 1 gained two nominations at the BAFTA Awards for Best Make-Up and Hair and Best Visual Effects, along with receiving nominations for the same categories at the Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards. Eduardo Serra's cinematography and Stuart Craig's production design were also nominated in various award ceremonies, and David Yates attained his second win at the Empire Awards, this time for Best Fantasy Film. He also obtained another Best Director nomination at the annual Saturn Awards, which also saw the film gain a Best Fantasy Film nomination. Deathly Hallows – Part 2 was released to critical acclaim, gaining a mix of audience awards. Part 2 of Deathly Hallows was also recognised at the Saturn Awards as well as the BAFTA Awards, where the film achieved a win for Best Special Visual Effects. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.522652626037598, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": ", the Harry Potter film franchise is the 2nd highest-grossing film franchise of all time behind only the Marvel Cinematic Universe films, with the eight films released grossing over $7.7 billion worldwide. Without adjusting for inflation, this is higher than the first 22 James Bond films and the six films in the Star Wars franchise. Chris Columbus's Philosopher's Stone became the highest-grossing Harry Potter film worldwide upon completing its theatrical run in 2002, but it was eventually topped by David Yates's Deathly Hallows – Part 2, while Alfonso Cuarón's Prisoner of Azkaban grossed the least. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.477399826049805, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "On 12 September 2013, Warner Bros. announced that J.K. Rowling was writing a script based on her book Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them and the adventures of its fictional author Newt Scamander, set 70 years before the adventures of Harry Potter. The film would mark Rowling's screenwriting debut and is planned as the first movie in a new series. According to Rowling, after Warner Bros. came suggesting an adaptation, she wrote a rough draft of the script in 12 days. She said, \"It wasn't a great draft but it did show the shape of how it might look. So that is how it all started.\" On 29 March 2014, The New York Times reported that a trilogy is scheduled and the film will begin in New York. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.426018714904785, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "On 13 May 2014, Warner Bros. announced that Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them would be released on 18 November 2016. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.104084968566895, "source": "wiki", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Reeve's father was a Princeton University graduate studying for a master's degree in Russian at Columbia University prior to the birth of his son, Christopher. Despite being born wealthy, Franklin Reeve spent summers working at the docks with longshoremen. Reeve's mother had been a student at Vassar College, but transferred to Barnard College to be closer to Franklin, whom she had met through a family connection. They had another son, Benjamin, born on October 6, 1953. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.671586036682129, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Franklin and Barbara divorced in 1956, and she moved with her two sons to Princeton, New Jersey, where they attended Nassau Street School. Later that year, Franklin Reeve married Helen Schmidinger, a Columbia University graduate student. Barbara Pitney Lamb married Tristam B. Johnson, a stockbroker, in 1959. Johnson enrolled Christopher and his brother, Benjamin, in Princeton Country Day School, which later merged with Miss Fine's School for Girls to become the co-educational Princeton Day School. Reeve excelled academically, athletically, and onstage; he was on the honor roll and played soccer, baseball, tennis and hockey. The sportsmanship award at Princeton Day School's invitational hockey tournament was named in Reeve's honor. Reeve admitted that he put pressure on himself to act older than he actually was in order to gain his father's approval. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.2088623046875, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "After graduating from Princeton Day School in June 1970, Reeve acted in plays in Boothbay, Maine and planned to go to New York City to find a career in theater. Instead, at the advice of his mother, he applied for college. He was accepted into Brown, Carnegie Mellon, Columbia, Cornell, Northwestern, and Princeton. Reeve claimed that he chose Cornell primarily because it is a three-and-a-half-hour drive from New York City, where he planned to start his career as an actor, despite the fact that Columbia is in New York City, just a few miles uptown from the theater district.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.427876472473145, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "In 1973, approximately 2000 students auditioned for 20 places in the freshman class at Juilliard. Reeve's audition was in front of 10 faculty members, including John Houseman, who had just won an Academy Award for The Paper Chase. Reeve and Robin Williams were the only students selected for Juilliard's Advanced Program. They had several classes together in which they were the only students. In their dialects class with Edith Skinner, Williams had no trouble mastering all dialects naturally, whereas Reeve was more meticulous about it. Williams and Reeve developed a close friendship. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.851833343505859, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "In a meeting with John Houseman, Reeve was told, \"Mr. Reeve. It is terribly important that you become a serious classical actor. Unless, of course, they offer you a shitload of money to do something else.\"Holt, Patricia. [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.805167198181152, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "In early 1974, Reeve and other Juilliard students toured the New York City middle school system and performed The Love Cure. In one performance, Reeve, who played the hero, drew his sword out too high and accidentally destroyed a row of lights above him. The students applauded and cheered. Reeve later said that this was the greatest ovation of his career. After completing his first year at Juilliard, Reeve graduated from Cornell in the Class of '74.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.710672378540039, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "In late 1975, he auditioned for the Broadway play A Matter of Gravity. Katharine Hepburn watched his audition and cast him as her character's grandson in the play. With Hepburn's influence over the CBS network, Reeve worked out the schedules of Love of Life and the play so that he would be able to do both. Because of his busy schedule, he ate candy bars and drank coffee in place of meals, and suffered from exhaustion and malnutrition. On the first night of the play's run, Reeve entered the stage, said his first line, and then promptly fainted. Hepburn turned to the audience and said, \"This boy's a goddamn fool. He doesn't eat enough red meat.\" The understudy finished the play for him, and Reeve was treated by a doctor who advised him to eat a more healthy diet. He stayed with the play throughout its year-long run and was given very favorable reviews. He and Hepburn became very close. She said, \"You're going to be a big star, Christopher, and support me in my old age.\" He replied, \"I can't wait that long.\" A romance between the two was rumored in some gossip columns. Reeve said, \"She was sixty-seven and I was twenty-two, but I thought that was quite an honor...I believe I was fairly close to what a child or grandchild might have been to her.\" Reeve said that his father, who was a professor of literature and came to many of the performances, was the man who most captivated Hepburn. When the play moved to Los Angeles in 1976, Reeve — to Hepburn's disappointment — dropped out. They stayed in touch for years after the play's run. Reeve later regretted not staying closer instead of just sending messages back and forth. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.294903755187988, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Reeve used his celebrity status for several philanthropic causes. Through the Make-A-Wish Foundation, he visited terminally ill children. He joined the Board of Directors for the worldwide charity Save the Children. In 1979, he served as a track and field coach at the Special Olympics, alongside O. J. Simpson. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.73114013671875, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "1980–1986", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.987013816833496, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "In 1986, he was still struggling to find scripts that he liked. A script named Street Smart had been lying in his house for years, and after re-reading it, he had it green-lit at Cannon Films. He starred opposite Morgan Freeman, who was nominated for his first Academy Award for the film. The film received excellent reviews but performed poorly at the box office, possibly because Cannon Films had failed to properly advertise it. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.933268547058105, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "1987–1989", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.324209213256836, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Five months after separating from Gae Exton and after filming Switching Channels, he went back to Williamstown with his children, Matthew and Alexandra, who were seven and three respectively. Reeve watched a group of singers called the Cabaret Corps perform, and took notice of one of the singers, Dana Morosini. The two began dating and were married in Williamstown in April 1992. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.112202644348145, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "1990–1994", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.28194522857666, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "In 1994, Reeve was elected as a co-president of the Creative Coalition. The organization's work was noticed nationwide, and Reeve was asked by the Democratic Party to run for the United States Congress. He replied, \"Run for Congress? And lose my influence in Washington?\" At this time, he had received scripts for Picket Fences and Chicago Hope and was asked by CBS if he wanted to start his own television series. This meant moving to Los Angeles, which would place him even further from Matthew and Alexandra, who lived in London. In Massachusetts, Reeve could take a Concorde and see them any time. He declined the offers. Reeve did not mind making trips, however; he went to New Mexico to shoot Speechless (co-starring Michael Keaton who, like Reeve, also portrayed a famous DC Comics superhero on film; Batman) and went to Point Reyes to shoot Village of the Damned.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.407449245452881, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "1978–1984", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.972514629364014, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "2001", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.388686180114746, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Reeve bought a 12-year-old American thoroughbred horse named Eastern Express, nicknamed \"Buck\", while filming Village of the Damned. He trained with Buck in 1994, and planned to do Training Level events in 1995 and move up to Preliminary in 1996. Though Reeve had originally signed up to compete at an event in Vermont, his coach invited him to go to the Commonwealth Dressage and Combined Training Association finals at the Commonwealth Park equestrian center in Culpeper, Virginia. Reeve finished at fourth place out of 27 in the dressage, before walking his cross-country course. He was concerned about jumps 16 and 17, but paid little attention to the third jump, which was a routine three-foot-three fence shaped like the letter 'W'. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.770323276519775, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "On May 27, 1995, Reeve's horse made a refusal. Witnesses said that the horse began into the third fence jump and suddenly stopped. Reeve fell forward off the horse, holding on to the reins. His hands somehow became tangled in the reins, and the bridle and bit were pulled off the horse. He landed headfirst on the far side of the fence, shattering his first and second vertebrae. This cervical spinal injury, which paralyzed him from the neck down, also halted his breathing. Paramedics arrived three minutes later and immediately took measures to get air into his lungs. He was taken first to the local hospital, before being flown on by helicopter to the University of Virginia Medical Center. Afterwards he had no recollection of the accident. Due to this injury, Armand Assante replaced Reeve for the role of Alan Breck Stewart in Kidnapped.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.063127517700195, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "For the first few days after the accident, Reeve suffered from delirium, woke up sporadically and would mouth words to Dana such as \"Get the gun\" and \"They're after us.\" After five days, he regained full consciousness, and his doctor explained to him that he had destroyed his first and second cervical vertebrae, which meant that his skull and spine were not connected. His lungs were filling with fluid and were suctioned by entry through the throat; this was said to be the most painful part of Reeve's recovery. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.950102806091309, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Reeve went through inner anguish in the ICU, particularly when he was alone during the night. His approaching operation to reattach his skull to his spine (June 1995) \"was frightening to contemplate. ... I already knew that I had only a fifty-fifty chance of surviving the surgery. ... Then, at an especially bleak moment, the door flew open and in hurried a squat fellow with a blue scrub hat and a yellow surgical gown and glasses, speaking in a Russian accent.\" The man announced that he was a proctologist and was going to perform a rectal exam on Reeve. It was Robin Williams, reprising his character from the film Nine Months. Reeve wrote: \"For the first time since the accident, I laughed. My old friend had helped me know that somehow I was going to be okay.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.695079326629639, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Dr. John A. Jane performed surgery to repair Reeve's neck vertebrae. He put wires underneath both laminae and used bone from Reeve's hip to fit between the C1 and C2 vertebrae. He inserted a titanium pin and fused the wires with the vertebrae, then drilled holes in Reeve's skull and fitted the wires through to secure the skull to the spinal column. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.309110641479492, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "On June 28, 1995, Reeve was taken to the Kessler Rehabilitation Center in West Orange, New Jersey. He was given several blood transfusions in the first few weeks because of very low hemoglobin and protein levels. Many times his breathing tube would become disconnected and he would be at the mercy of nurses to come in and save his life.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.020112991333008, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "At the Institute, one of his aides was a Jamaican man named Glenn Miller, nicknamed Juice, who helped him learn how to get into the shower and how to use a powered wheelchair, which was activated by blowing air through a straw. Miller and Reeve would watch the film Cool Runnings and joke about Reeve directing the sequel, Bobsled Two. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.631646156311035, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Throughout his intensive tour, Reeve visited ALYN Hospital, Weizmann Institute of Science, and Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, among many other places. After meeting dozens of Israeli patients who had undergone groundbreaking recovery processes and made remarkable progress, Reeve was in awe and described the feeling as “almost overwhelming.” He explained, “The research progresses more rapidly in Israel than almost anywhere else I can think of. The decision they made about stem cells, where they had a debate and decided that secular law must prevail over religious teachings, is something that we need to learn in the United States.” ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.313965797424316, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Reeve discussed his trip to Israel on CNN's Larry King Live while he was in Tel Aviv. When asked what Israel is doing that other countries are not, Reeve responded, “They have a very progressive atmosphere here. They have socialized medicine so that doctors and patients do not have the problem of profit or trying to get insurance companies to pay for treatment. They also work very well together. They share their knowledge. This is a country of six million people about the size of Long Island, and everyone works together very tremendously. The people of the country benefit from that.” ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.076732635498047, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "In 2001, Reeve was elected to serve on the board of directors for the company TechHealth, headquartered in Tampa, Florida, which provided products and services for severely injured patients. While serving on the TechHealth board, Reeve participated in board meetings and advised the company on strategic direction. He refused compensation. He made phone calls to the company's catastrophically injured patients to cheer them up. Reeve served on TechHealth's board until his death in 2004. After his death, Dana Reeve took his board seat with TechHealth until her death in March 2006.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.097146987915039, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Reeve lobbied for expanded federal funding on embryonic stem cell research to include all embryonic stem cell lines in existence and for open-ended scientific inquiry of the research by self-governance. President George W. Bush limited the federal funding to research only on human embryonic stem cell lines created on or before August 9, 2001, the day he announced his policy, and allotted approximately $100 million for it. Reeve initially called this \"a step in the right direction,\" admitting that he did not know about the existing lines and would look into them further. He fought against the limit when scientists revealed that most of the old lines were contaminated by an early research technique that involved mixing the human stem cells with mouse cells. In 2002, Reeve lobbied for the Human Cloning Prohibition Act of 2001, which would allow somatic cell nuclear transfer research, but would ban reproductive cloning. He argued that stem cell implantation is unsafe unless the stem cells contain the patient's own DNA, and that because somatic cell nuclear transfer is done without fertilizing an egg, it can be fully regulated. In June 2004, Reeve provided a videotaped message on behalf of the Genetics Policy Institute to the delegates of the United Nations in defense of somatic cell nuclear transfer, which was under consideration to be banned by world treaty. In the final days of his life, Reeve urged California voters to vote yes on Proposition 71, which would establish the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine, and allot $3 billion of state funds to stem cell research. Proposition 71 was approved less than one month after Reeve's death.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.775004386901855, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Reeve also appeared in the Smallville episode \"Legacy\", in which he met again with fellow stage actor John Glover, who played Lionel Luthor in the show.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.952637195587158, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Reeve suffered from asthma and allergies since childhood. At age 16, he began to suffer from alopecia areata, a condition that causes patches of hair to fall out from an otherwise healthy head of hair. Generally he was able to comb over it and often the problem disappeared for long periods. Later in life, the condition became more noticeable after he became paralyzed, and he would have his head shaved. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.621875762939453, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "More than once he had a severe reaction to a drug. In Kessler, he tried a drug named Sygen which was theorized to help reduce damage to the spinal cord. The drug caused him to go into anaphylactic shock and his heart stopped. He claimed to have had an out-of-body experience and remembered saying, \"I'm sorry, but I have to go now\" during the event. In his autobiography, he wrote, \"and then I left my body. I was up on the ceiling...I looked down and saw my body stretched out on the bed, not moving, while everybody—there were 15 or 20 people, the doctors, the EMTs, the nurses—was working on me. The noise and commotion grew quieter as though someone were gradually turning down the volume.\" After receiving a large dose of epinephrine, he woke up and stabilized later that night. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.34602165222168, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "In 2002 and 2004, Reeve fought off several serious infections believed to have originated from the bone marrow. He recovered from three that could have been fatal.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.245761871337891, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "In early October 2004, he was being treated for an infected pressure ulcer that was causing sepsis, a complication that he had experienced many times before. On October 5, he spoke at the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago on behalf of the Institute's work. This was to be his last reported public appearance. On October 9, Reeve felt well and attended his son Will's hockey game. That night, he went into cardiac arrest after receiving an antibiotic for the infection. He fell into a coma and was taken to Northern Westchester Hospital in Mount Kisco, New York. Eighteen hours later, on October 10, 2004, Reeve died at the age of 52. His doctor, John McDonald, believed that it was an adverse reaction to the antibiotic that caused his death. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.315940856933594, "source": "wiki", "title": "Christopher Reeve" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "On the planet Krypton, using evidence provided by scientist Jor-El, the Council sentences attempted insurrectionists General Zod, Ursa, and Non to the Phantom Zone, for which Zod swears revenge on Jor-El and his family. Jor-El, despite his eminence, is unable to convince the Council that Krypton will soon be destroyed when its red supergiant sun goes supernova. To save his infant son, Kal-El, Jor-El launches a spacecraft containing him toward Earth, a planet with a suitable atmosphere where Kal-El's dense molecular structure will give him superhuman powers. Shortly after the launch, Krypton's sun explodes, destroying the planet.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.396967887878418, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "At 18, soon after Jonathan's death due to a heart attack, Clark hears a psychic \"call\" and discovers a glowing crystal in the remains of his spacecraft. It compels him to travel to the Arctic, where the crystal builds the Fortress of Solitude. Inside, a holographic vision of Jor-El appears and explains Clark's origins, educating him on his powers and responsibilities. After 12 years of training, with his powers fully developed, he leaves the Fortress wearing a blue and red suit with the House of El family crest on his chest and becomes a reporter at the Daily Planet in Metropolis. He meets and develops an unrequited romantic attraction to coworker Lois Lane.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.279111862182617, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Lois becomes involved in a helicopter accident where conventional means of rescue are impossible, requiring Clark to use his powers in public for the first time to save her. That night, he thwarts a jewel thief attempting to scale a building using suction cups, captures robbers fleeing police, rescues a girl's cat from a tree, and rescues Air Force One after it loses an engine, making the mysterious \"caped wonder\" an instant celebrity. He visits Lois at her home the next night and takes her for a flight over the city, allowing her to interview him for an article in which she names him \"Superman\".", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.104387283325195, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Meanwhile, criminal genius Lex Luthor has developed a plan to make a fortune in real estate by buying large amounts of barren desert land and then diverting a nuclear missile test flight to the San Andreas Fault. It will sink California and leave Luthor's desert as the new West Coast of the United States, greatly increasing its value. After his incompetent henchman, Otis, erroneously redirects the first rocket, Luthor's girlfriend, Eve Teschmacher, successfully changes the course of a second missile while the military is distracted by a roadblock Luthor arranges.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.432594299316406, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Knowing Superman could stop his plan, Luthor lures him to an underground lair and exposes him to Kryptonite. As Superman weakens, Luthor taunts him by revealing that the first missile is a decoy, headed east toward Hackensack, New Jersey, realizing that even Superman can not stop both impacts. Teschmacher is horrified because her mother lives in Hackensack, but Luthor does not care and leaves Superman to a slow death. Knowing his reputation for keeping his word, Teschmacher rescues Superman on the condition that he will deal with the New Jersey missile first. After diverting the eastbound missile into outer space, the other one aimed at the West Coast explodes near the San Andreas Fault. He is able to mitigate the effects of the nuclear explosion, getting rid of the pollution from the fallout and shoring up the crumbling Earth, but the aftershocks are still devastating.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.944607734680176, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "* Jackie Cooper as Perry White: Clark Kent's hot-tempered boss at the Daily Planet. He assigns Lois to uncover the news of an unknown businessman purchasing a large amount of property in California. Keenan Wynn was originally cast, but dropped out shortly before filming because of heart disease. Cooper, who originally auditioned for Otis, was subsequently cast.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.887345314025879, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "* Jack O'Halloran as Non: Large and mute, the third of the Kryptonian villains who are sentenced to be isolated in the Phantom Zone.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.244022369384766, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "* Terence Stamp as General Zod: Evil leader of the three Kryptonian criminals who swears vengeance against Jor-El when he is sentenced to the Phantom Zone.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.248526573181152, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "* Susannah York as Lara: Superman's biological mother on Krypton. She, after learning of Krypton's fate, has apprehensions about sending her infant son to a strange planet alone.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.02994155883789, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "* Marc McClure as Jimmy Olsen: A teenage photographer at the Daily Planet. Jeff East, who portrayed the teenage Clark Kent, originally auditioned for this role, but outranked following his portrayal of the teen Clark.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.389971733093262, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "* Sarah Douglas as Ursa: General Zod's second in command and consort, sentenced to the Phantom Zone for her unethical scientific experiments.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.435673713684082, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Kirk Alyn and Noel Neill have cameo appearances as Lois Lane's father and mother. Alyn and Neill portrayed Superman and Lois Lane in the film serials Superman (1948) and Atom Man vs. Superman (1950), and were the first actors to portray the characters onscreen in a live-action format. Neill reprised her role in the 1950s Adventures of Superman TV series, and also appeared as Lex Luthor's elderly wife in the opening scene of the film Superman Returns (2006). Neill thus not only originated the roles of both Lois and Ellen Lane, but began the tradition of former Lois actresses later portraying Ellen, a tradition followed by Phyllis Coates on Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman, and Teri Hatcher on Smallville.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.90083122253418, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Larry Hagman and Rex Reed also make cameos; Hagman plays an army major in charge of a convoy that is transporting one of the missiles, and Reed plays himself as he meets Lois and Clark outside the Daily Planet headquarters. A then-unknown John Ratzenberger briefly appears as a missile control technician.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.25228500366211, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Ilya wanted to hire Steven Spielberg to direct, but Alexander was skeptical, feeling it was best to \"wait until [Spielberg's] big fish opens\". Jaws was very successful, prompting the producers to offer Spielberg the position, but by then Spielberg had already committed to Close Encounters of the Third Kind. Guy Hamilton was hired as director, while Puzo delivered his 500-page script for Superman and Superman II in July 1975. Jax-Ur appeared as one of General Zod's henchmen, with Clark Kent written as a television reporter. Dustin Hoffman, who was previously considered for Superman, turned down Lex Luthor.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.712724685668945, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "In early 1975, Brando signed on as Jor-El with a salary of $3.7 million and 11.75% of the box office gross profits, totaling $19 million. He horrified Salkind by proposing in their first meeting that Jor-El appear as a green suitcase or a bagel with Brando's voice, but Donner used flattery to persuade the actor to portray Jor-El himself. Brando hoped to use some of his salary for a proposed 13-part Roots-style miniseries on Native Americans in the United States. Brando had it in his contract to complete all of his scenes in 12 days. He also refused to memorize his dialogue, so cue cards were compiled across the set. Fellow Oscar winner Hackman was cast as Lex Luthor days later. The filmmakers made it a priority to shoot all of Brando and Hackman's footage \"because they would be committed to other films immediately\". Though the Salkinds felt that Puzo had written a solid story for the two-part film, they deemed his scripts too long and so hired Robert Benton and David Newman for rewrite work. Benton became too busy directing The Late Show, so David's wife Leslie was brought in to help her husband finish writing duties. George MacDonald Fraser was later hired to do some work on the script, but he says he did little. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.130987167358398, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Their script was submitted in July 1976, and carried a camp tone, including a cameo appearance by Telly Savalas as his Kojak character. The scripts for Superman and Superman II were now at over 400 pages combined. Pre-production started at Cinecittà Studios in Rome, with sets starting construction and flying tests being unsuccessfully experimented. \"In Italy,\" producer Ilya Salkind remembered, \"we lost about $2 million [on flying tests].\" Marlon Brando found out he could not film in Italy because of a warrant out for his arrest: a sexual-obscenity charge from Last Tango in Paris. Production moved to England in late 1976, but Hamilton could not join because he was a tax exile.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.059490203857422, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Mark Robson was strongly considered and was in talks to direct, but after seeing The Omen, the producers hired Richard Donner. Donner had previously been planning Damien: Omen II when he was hired in January 1977 for $1 million to direct Superman and Superman II. Donner felt it was best to start from scratch. \"They had prepared the picture for a year and not one bit was useful to me.\" Donner was dissatisfied with the campy script and brought in Tom Mankiewicz to perform a rewrite. According to Mankiewicz \"not a word from the Puzo script was used\". \"It was a well-written, but still a ridiculous script. It was 550 pages. I said, 'You can't shoot this screenplay because you'll be shooting for five years',\" Donner continued. \"That was literally a shooting script and they planned to shoot all 550 pages. You know, 110 pages is plenty for a script, so even for two features, that was way too much.\" Mankiewicz conceived having each Kryptonian family wear a crest resembling a different letter, justifying the 'S' on Superman's costume. The Writers Guild of America refused to credit Mankiewicz for his rewrites, so Donner gave him a creative consultant credit, much to the annoyance of the Guild.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.015616416931152, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "It was initially decided to first sign an A-list actor for Superman before Richard Donner was hired as director. Robert Redford was offered a large sum, but felt he was too famous. Burt Reynolds also turned down the role, while Sylvester Stallone was interested, but nothing ever came of it. Paul Newman was offered his choice of roles as Superman, Lex Luthor or Jor-El for $4 million, turning down all three roles.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.1029438972473145, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Olympic champion Bruce Jenner had auditioned for the title role. Patrick Wayne was cast, but dropped out when his father John Wayne was diagnosed with stomach cancer.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.454192161560059, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Both Neil Diamond and Arnold Schwarzenegger lobbied hard for the role, but were ignored. James Caan, James Brolin, Lyle Waggoner, Christopher Walken, Nick Nolte, Jon Voight, and Perry King were approached. Kris Kristofferson and Charles Bronson were also considered for the title role. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.152856826782227, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "New York City doubled for Metropolis, while the New York Daily News Building served as the location for the offices of the Daily Planet. Brooklyn Heights was also used. Filming in New York lasted five weeks, during the time of the New York City blackout of 1977. Production moved to Alberta for scenes set in Smallville, with the cemetery scene filmed in the canyon of Beynon, Alberta, the high school football scenes at Barons, Alberta, and the Kent farm constructed at Blackie, Alberta. Brief filming also took place in Gallup, New Mexico, Lake Mead and Grand Central Terminal. Director Donner had tensions with the Salkinds and Spengler concerning the escalating production budget and the shooting schedule. Creative consultant Tom Mankiewicz reflected, \"Donner never got a budget or a schedule. He was constantly told he was way over schedule and budget. At one point he said, 'Why don't you just schedule the film for the next two days, and then I'll be nine months over?'.\" Richard Lester, who worked with the Salkinds on The Three Musketeers and The Four Musketeers, was then brought in as a temporary co-producer to mediate the relationship between Donner and the Salkinds, who by now were refusing to talk to each other. With his relationship with Spengler, Donner remarked, \"At one time if I'd seen him, I would have killed him.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.723410606384277, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Lester was offered producing credit but refused, going uncredited for his work. Salkind felt that bringing a second director onto the set meant there would be someone ready in the event that Donner could not fulfill his directing duties. \"Being there all the time meant he [Lester] could take over,\" Salkind admitted. \"[Donner] couldn't make up his mind on stuff.\" On Lester, Donner reflected, \"He'd been suing the Salkinds for his money on Three and Four Musketeers, which he'd never gotten. He won a lot of his lawsuits, but each time he sued the Salkinds in one country, they'd move to another, from Costa Rica to Panama to Switzerland. When I was hired, Lester told me, 'Don't do it. Don't work for them. I was told not to, but I did it. Now I'm telling you not to, but you'll probably do it and end up telling the next guy.' Lester came in as a 'go-between'. I didn't trust Lester, and I told him. He said, 'Believe me, I'm only doing it because they're paying me the money that they owe me from the lawsuit. I'll never come onto your set unless you ask me; I'll never go to your dailies. If I can help you in any way, call me.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.212736129760742, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "It was decided to stop shooting Superman II and focus on finishing Superman. Donner had already completed 75% of the sequel. The filmmakers took a risk: if Superman was a box office bomb, they would not finish Superman II. The original climax for Superman II had General Zod, Ursa and Non destroying the planet, with Superman time traveling to fix the damage. In the original ending for Superman, the nuclear missile that Superman pushed into outer space happens to strike the Phantom Zone, freeing the three Kryptonian supervillains. The final shot was originally going to be General Zod, Non and Ursa all flying towards Earth, in an ominous sequel hook moment. The sequence can be seen in its entirety at the beginning of Donner's edit of Superman II where it was fully restored.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.728392601013184, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Superman is well known for its large-scale visual effects sequences, all of which were created before the digital age. The Golden Gate Bridge scale model stood 70 feet long and 20 feet wide. Other miniatures included the Krypton Council Dome and the Hoover Dam. Slow motion was used to simulate the vast amount of water for the Hoover Dam destruction. The Fortress of Solitude was a combination of a full-scale set and matte paintings. Young Clark Kent's long-distance football punt was executed with a wooden football loaded into an air blaster placed in the ground. The Superman costume was to be a much darker blue, but the use of blue screen made it transparent.The Magic Behind The Cape, 2001, Warner Home Video", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.879901885986328, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Jerry Goldsmith, who scored Donner's The Omen, was originally set to compose Superman. Portions of Goldsmith's work from Capricorn One were used in Supermans teaser trailer. He dropped out over scheduling conflicts and John Williams was hired. Williams conducted the London Symphony Orchestra to record the soundtrack. The music was one of the last pieces to come into place. Williams liked that the film did not take itself too seriously and that it had a theatrical camp feel to it.Ilya Salkind, Pierre Spengler, DVD audio commentary, 2006, Warner Home Video Kidder was supposed to sing \"Can You Read My Mind?,\" the lyrics to which were written by Leslie Bricusse, but Donner disliked it and changed it to a composition accompanied by a voiceover. Maureen McGovern eventually recorded the single, \"Can You Read My Mind?,\" in 1979, although the song did not appear on the film soundtrack. It became a mid-chart hit on the Billboard Hot 100 that year (#52), spending three weeks at number five on the U.S. Adult Contemporary chart, as well as making lesser appearances on the corresponding Canadian charts. It was also a very minor hit on the U.S. Country chart, reaching #93. The score earned John Williams an Academy Award nomination, but he lost to Giorgio Moroder's score for Midnight Express. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.70122766494751, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Superman is divided into three basic sections, each having a distinct theme and visual style. The first segment, set on Krypton, is meant to be typical of science fiction films, but also lays the groundwork for an analogy that emerges in the relationship between Jor-El and Kal-El. The second segment, set in Smallville, is reminiscent of 1950s films, and its small-town atmosphere is meant to evoke a Norman Rockwell painting. The third (and largest) segment, set mostly in Metropolis, was an attempt to present the superhero story with as much realism as possible (what Donner called \"verisimilitude\"), relying on traditional cinematic drama and using only subtle humor instead of a campy approach.Richard Donner, Tom Mankiewicz, DVD audio commentary, 2001, Warner Home Video", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.190836906433105, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Just as little is known about Jesus during his middle years, Clark travels into the wilderness to find out who he is and what he has to do. Jor-El says, \"Live as one of them, Kal-El, to discover where your strength and power are needed. But always hold in your heart the pride of your special heritage. They can be a great people, Kal-El, and they wish to be. They only lack the light to show the way. For this reason above all, their capacity for good, I have sent them you, my only son.\" The theme resembles the Biblical account of God sending his only son Jesus to Earth in hope for the good of mankind. More were seen when Donner was able to complete Superman II: The Richard Donner Cut, featuring the fall, resurrection and his battle with evil. Another vision was that of The Creation of Adam.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.091144561767578, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "The Salkinds prepared a three-hour-plus version for worldwide television reincorporating some 45 minutes of footage and music deleted from the theatrical cut, and specially prepared so that networks and stations can re-edit their own version at their discretion. American Broadcasting Company aired the broadcast television debut of Superman in 1982, with a majority of the unused footage. A syndicated version of the film aired in local television stations in Los Angeles and Washington, D.C. in the 1990s included two additional scenes never seen before, in addition to what had been previously reinstated. When Michael Thau and Warner Home Video started working on a film restoration in 2000, some of the extra footage was not added because of poor visual effects. Thau felt \"the pace of the film's storyline would be adversely affected. This included timing problems with John William's musical score. The cut of the movie shown on TV was put together to make the movie longer when shown on TV because ABC paid per minute to air the movie. The special edition cut is designed for the best viewing experience in the true spirit of movie making.\" There was a special test screening of the Special Edition in 2001 in Austin, Texas, on March 23 with plans for a possible wider theatrical release later that year, which did not occur. In May 2001, Warner Home Video released the special edition on DVD. Director Donner also assisted, working slightly over a year on the project. The release included making-of documentaries directed by Thau and eight minutes of restored footage.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.97088623046875, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "When the rights to the first Superman film reverted to the Salkinds in 1981, it was their intention to prepare a television cut longer than what was released theatrically, for the aforementioned reasons. The so-called \"Salkind International Extended Cut\", which ended up running 3 hours, 8 minutes, was shown internationally on television, and it is from this cut that later domestic TV versions were derived.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.383092880249023, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "The first network American television broadcast took place on Sunday, February 7 and Monday, February 8, 1982 on ABC. The principal sponsor for the telecasts was Atari. At the time, ABC had a contract with Alexander Salkind for the television rights to his films. ABC's 3-hour-2-minute cut of Superman was broadcast over the course of two nights. On the first night it premiered, the film stopped when Lois Lane was falling from the helicopter (the picture froze, creating a cliffhanger-type of ending for part one ). The next evening, there was naturally a recap before the film continued. This expanded version was repeated in November of the same year, only this time, shown in one night. The next two ABC showings after that were the original theatrical version. Apparently, in their contract with ABC, the Salkinds were able to get money for every minute of footage shown on TV. So as a result, they crammed in as much footage as possible for the TV networks in order to maximize their revenues. During production of the film, Alexander and Ilya had been relegated to having to sell more and more of their rights back to Warner Bros. in exchange for financial help. Director Richard Donner was not consulted on any of the extended versions. However, due to a clause in his contract, Donner's name remains in the credits.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.731072425842285, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Also as previously mentioned, some 40 minutes of footage were reinstated for the initial ABC-TV telecasts of the film. Among the highlighted moments:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.990776062011719, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "*A subplot of an Executioner (a Kryptonian security officer) being sent by the council to hunt down and capture Jor-El (while the beginning of the scene is shown in the 2000 director's cut restoration, the \"payoff\" [with him getting killed] is not in the latter version).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.395699501037598, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "However, at least one noticeable removal occurred: the recording of \"Rock Around the Clock\" by Bill Haley & His Comets, heard in the original film in the minutes before the death of Glenn Ford's character, is replaced with a generic piece of instrumental music in the ABC cut.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.882465362548828, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "When the rights reverted to Warner Bros. in 1985, CBS aired the film one last time on network television in its theatrical version. When the movie entered the syndication market in 1988 (following a play-out run on pay cable ) TV stations were offered the extended cut or the theatrical cut. The stations that showed the extended cut edited the second half to squeeze in commercials and 'What happened yesterday flashbacks'.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.939305305480957, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "In May 1994 (following a pay cable reissue and obligatory run on USA Network), Warner Bros. offered the aforementioned \"Salkind International Extended Cut\" (a 3-hour, 8-minute version, prepared by the Salkinds, and from which the ABC version was derived), which was shown in Los Angeles on KCOP. This version also surfaced outside of Los Angeles. For example, WJLA Channel 7, an ABC affiliate out of Washington, D.C., aired the \"Salkind International Extended Cut\" in July 1994. Part one aired from 9:30 p.m. to 11:30 p.m. before breaking for 30 minutes of news. Part two was then aired from 12:00 a.m. to 2:00 a.m.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.17848014831543, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "The extended version has never been broadcast in the United Kingdom. The first showing of the theatrical version on UK television appeared on January 4, 1983 on ITV. In 1985, Ireland's RTÉ television aired the extended versions of Superman and Superman II in one night. The films ran from roughly 3:00 until 9:00 including the odd commercial and a break for the 6:00 news.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.387834072113037, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "The quality of the extended network TV version is inferior to any theatrical or current home video release because it was mastered in 16mm (using the \"film chain system\") and a mono sound mix done, as by the time the extended cut was prepared in 1981, stereo was not available in television broadcasts. Eight of the 45 minutes of extended scenes that were used in the later 2000 director's cut restoration were taken from restored elements.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.495536804199219, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "There are various extended TV versions each broadcast in various countries. Most of these are in pan and scan, as they were made in the 1980s, when films were not letterboxed to preserve the theatrical aspect ratio on old TVs. None of the various extended versions have ever been made available officially on home video/DVD, although they have been widely bootlegged.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.338419914245605, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Superman was nominated for three Academy Awards (Best Film Editing – (Stuart Baird), Best Music (Original Score) – (John Williams) and Best Sound Mixing – (Gordon K. McCallum, Graham V. Hartstone, Nicolas Le Messurier and Roy Charman)), and received a Special Achievement Academy Award for its visual effects. Donner publicly expressed disgust that production designer John Barry and cinematographer Geoffrey Unsworth had not been recognized by the Academy.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.4821319580078125, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "The series was rebooted with Man of Steel in 2013.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.346549987792969, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "The movie inspired The Kinks' 1979 song \"(Wish I Could Fly Like) Superman\", when the band's main songwriter, Ray Davies, watched the film in late 1978.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.785318374633789, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "*AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.496752738952637, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "*AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.288573265075684, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "*AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.468502044677734, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "*AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores – Nominated", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.61003589630127, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "*AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers – Nominated", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.158300399780273, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "*AFI's 10 Top 10 – Nominated Fantasy Film", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.47296142578125, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "* Ursa and Non — characters created specifically for the film — are imprisoned in the Phantom Zone with General Zod. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.103468894958496, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "* Lois is the one who first names the hero \"Superman\". ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.905448913574219, "source": "wiki", "title": "Superman (1978 film)" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "It's currently available on On-Demand and I just finished watching (probably my fourth or 5th time seeing it). On the plus side, it was the 151 minute director's cut; on the minus side, except for the opening and closing credits, it's pan-and-scan.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.416251182556152, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "reply 1", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.484858512878418, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/18/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.419764518737793, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/18/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.419764518737793, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Agreed that much of what makes Superman 1 work is the story. I like that the director and producers took the material seriously. Not seriously as in \"this is great drama\" but seriously as in \"here is what people would do in a situation like this.\" It's a good film.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.047286033630371, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/18/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.419764518737793, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "reply 15", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.418707847595215, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "I loved the first one as a kid. By the time the second came out, I was working as an usher in a theatre and was thrilled we were getting \"Superman II\". I was crushed I didn't like it. And I admit it, I know I am apparently the only person to not to like it. It's not horrible, but for me, it didn't have the epic scope of the first one. I'll still watch it whenever it's on and I saw the Donner Director's cut, but my heart will always be with the first.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.771219253540039, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "One goof to look for, since the first two were shot in England, in part II, when the villians come into town, listen for the kid to yell. \"Don't hurt my Daddy\", clearly the kid has an English accent.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.351994514465332, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Superman, to himself, “The same morons who would believe a $125 a week reporter could live in a Taj Mahal apartment like this!”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.900118827819824, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "reply 19", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.42617130279541, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "They have Stockard Channing playing her as a totally unlikable bitch, and Lesley Ann Warren playing her as a complete airhead who seems like she'd have too much trouble understanding that the sun hasn't gone away forever at night to make a credible girl reporter.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.404830932617188, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "reply 21", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.387832641601562, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "I saw this when I was 12 in a big old movie palace in downtown Kansas City. It was a wonderful experience. The special effects really freaked one guy out. He stood up and started shouting \"THAT'S FAKE, MAN!!! THAT'S FAKE!!! HOW HE GONNA BE FLYING LIKE THAT - THAT'S FAKE!!!\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.302257537841797, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "The credits only happened because the crew put together a teaser trailer to raise flagging spirits onset. It didn't contain any actual footage, just the cast's names whooshing past in front of video of clouds filmed from a plane or helicopter. Everyone liked it so much, they decided to use the same format for the final picture.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.445728302001953, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "The 1978 version is great, love it. And Superman II is the \"gay one\" to me because Ursa is so damn fierce and its a little campier.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.7925028800964355, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "[quote]And Superman II is the \"gay one\" to me because Ursa is so damn fierce and its a little campier", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.898432731628418, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "And yet it's the one that's ignored since WB allowed Richard Donner to re-cut the movie using his footage. Once they released it on DVD, it's the only one that's been made available for HD.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.677482604980469, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "R22 in this clip it appears that Ms Spacey auditioned for the lead", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.448378562927246, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "I loved \"Supergirl\". I wish they'd release the 150 minute version on DVD. Or at least re-release the director's cut.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.372506141662598, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "[quote]One goof to look for, since the first two were shot in England, in part II, when the villians come into town, listen for the kid to yell. \"Don't hurt my Daddy\", clearly the kid has an English accent.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.34969425201416, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Except that particular scene was shot in Alberta, Canada, which makes one wonder why they didn't just hire a local actor for a one-line role.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.325699806213379, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Agreed on both counts. The worst part about the Bosworth casting, aside from her limited acting ability, was simply the incredibility of a 23-year-old actress playing a 35-year-old character. What they SHOULD have done, as I said on threads when the movie came out, is have Parker Posey play Lois instead of Lex's latest Miss Tessmacher.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.916739463806152, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "reply 41", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.385910034179688, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Yeah, that was totally going to happen. We're talking Brian Singer - if you're over 21 you may as well be dead.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.398971557617188, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/19/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.355728149414062, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "The Salkinds were notoriously cheap producers, and so they planned to film both movies simultaneously. As a result, when Tom Mankiewicz was brought in to salvage the script (despite the credits, which are a result of some arcane WGA rule, it's his script, not any of the credited writers, though a lot of the milieu came from Mario Puzo), he structured the story as having two acts. Originally, the first movie was more of a cliffhanger, and didn't end with Superman turning back time (that was left for the second movie), and the missile ended up tearing Zod, Ursa, and Non from the Phantom Zone.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.639991760253906, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Okay, so the Salkinds and Donner HATED each other, to the point that they brought in Richard Lester to be their intermediary. The Salkinds wanted Donner to make the film campier, which horried him, he in turn started spending too much money. With about 80% of the second film in the can, Donner halted production to focus on editing the first movie. He had expected to resume production afterward, but after a long silence, he eventually got a telegram from Ilya Salkind telling him his services were no longer needed.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.43542766571045, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "The biggest immediate effect was that it broke continuity between the two movies. Lester was brought in (and the rumor onset had always been that he was really there so that he could replace Donner) and under DGA rules, he had to direct at least 51% of the final film in order to receive credit, so he shot new footage and ordered a reshoot of a lot of the existing material. Gene Hackman refused to film with him, which resulted in Luthor's role being cut substantially and resulted in the use of a body double for some scenes. Brando was excised from the film entirely and all of his scenes were reshot with Susannah York, although some of the plot elements were changed. Lester through in a lot more broad humor, plus added in that business about the terrorists with an H-bomb in Paris. This resulted in really noticeable jumps in appearance, especially for Reeve and Kidder. He'd gotten a lot bulkier over the course of filming the two movies, and so there's a mismatch in his body, and Kidder's hair and makeup were completely different, to the point of being distracting.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.341268539428711, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/27/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.328400611877441, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/27/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.328400611877441, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Still quite stunning. Don't know if she's had any work done, but, regardless, I hope I look as good as York when I'm her age.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.40792465209961, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/27/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.328400611877441, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "05/27/2010", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.328400611877441, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "R60, your picture shows the face of a woman who's had everything done, short of a total face transplant.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.28560733795166, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "\"Best superhero movie ever, bar none!!!\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.250604629516602, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Why has DC lost the knack of making entertaining movies? \"Superman\" and \"Superman II\" were so much fun, the adventure seasoned with just the right amount of humor and a genuine sparkling romance, and now? DC movies are grim and dull. \"Man of Steel\" is already forgotten, and we're still talking about \"Superman\".", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.904647827148438, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "08/07/2014", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.446832656860352, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "08/07/2014", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.446832656860352, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "08/07/2014", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.446832656860352, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "I'm pretty young (18) and I just saw Superman & Superman II (Both the Theatrical Cut & Donner Cut - I preferred the Theatrical) this weekend. All three were awesome. I never was much of a Superman fan. I had only seen Smallville, Superman Returns & Man of Steel (I was not impressed), and preferred Batman.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.883501052856445, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "R78, In HIS thirties. Not THE 1930s.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.298293113708496, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "08/11/2014", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.390175819396973, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "08/11/2014", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.390175819396973, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "I just watched the whole movie (the first one) for the first time since I saw it in a theater during its initial release. Even though it's about eight million times better than the one with Henry Cavill (I didn't see the Brandon Routh movie), it's a huge mess in many ways. Here are some notes:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.500805854797363, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "1) The tone shifts wildly throughout, to the point where it seem like at least two different movies -- very earnest for the whole first section, then broadly comic, then back to earnest and sentimental, then back to cartoonishly comic, and so on and so on.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.175747871398926, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "3) I realize the first two movies were basically filmed at once, and there was always a plan for at least one sequel. Still, to introduce the three Kryptonian villains at the beginning of the first film and then never let us see them again after they're sent off into the void, without even so much as a \"to be continued\" at the end of the film, is weird.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.330757141113281, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "08/11/2014", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.390175819396973, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - the DataLounge" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "18 December 2016 5:41 PM, UTC", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.473079681396484, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "created 21 Feb 2011", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.407327651977539, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "created 03 Jun 2013", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.465659141540527, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "created 08 Aug 2013", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.489830017089844, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "created 14 Jan 2015", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.353947639465332, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "created 29 Apr 2015", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.357230186462402, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Nominated for 3 Oscars. Another 15 wins & 17 nominations. See more awards  »", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.414687156677246, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "15 December 1978 (USA) See more  »", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.003277778625488, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "George Lucas turned down the chance to direct in favour of Star Wars: Episode IV - A New Hope (1977). See more »", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.233671188354492, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Boy: In the decade of the 1930s, even the great city of Metropolis was not spared the ravages of the worldwide depression. In times of fear and confusion, the job of informing the public was the responsibility of the Daily Planet, a great metropolitan newspaper whose reputation for clarity and truth had become the symbol for hope in the city of Metropolis...", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.406349182128906, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Anyone who doesn't know the story of Superman must be from another galaxy, but for those people I will give you a quick soundbite. Kal El is the orphan of the planet Krypton, which has recently blown up. He comes to Earth as a baby and lands in Smallville where he is quickly adopted by a farmer and his wife and renamed Clark Kent. His dense molecular structure and his ability to defy Earth's gravity give him advantages over humans and ultimately he becomes...SUPERMAN! But who doesn't already know that?", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.132689476013184, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Just about everything that was terrible about Superman Returns is completely right about this one. The cinematography, the music, the editing, the pacing. I won't call the SFX fake, since it doesn't ever take you out of the film, so I'll just call them 'quaint'. For 1978 they're good and even though they are all done optically it's still better than the CGI crapfest of Singer's interpretation.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.151687145233154, "source": "search", "title": "Superman (1978) - IMDb" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "George Reeves was perhaps the first enduring figure of Superman on the big screen.  Others had played the role, but after his 1951 debut in Superman and the Mole Men, Reeves went on to an extended run with Superman on the small screen in the TV series The Adventures of Superman.  He appeared in more than 100 episodes, and after had difficulty getting cast in other roles. Reeves struggled with depression, and reportedly committed suicide in 1959.  His death is one of many considered to be a curse on the character role.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.905730724334717, "source": "search", "title": "Actors Who Have Played Superman - About.com Entertainment" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "The other most notable Superman of recent memory was television actor Dean Cain.  Cain found fame in the mid-1990's as the star of Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman.  After his role as Clark Kent, Cain was able to find other roles on television series such as Frasier and Law & Order, but nothing that has propelled him to the same level of fame as he achieved during the television series.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.374784469604492, "source": "search", "title": "Actors Who Have Played Superman - About.com Entertainment" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Other actors have played the role -- Ray Middleton, Bud Collyer, Lee Quigley, Kirk Alyn, Brandon Routh and Bob Holliday, and Tom Welling, in Smallville -- though none gained the fame nor consistency in the role of the previous three. A new movie, Man of Steel is set for release in June of 2013, with the leading role played by Henry Cavill.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.880640029907227, "source": "search", "title": "Actors Who Have Played Superman - About.com Entertainment" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Kirk Alyn as \"Superman\" in the 1948 serial, \"Superman.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.532670021057129, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Created by writer Jerry Siegel and artist Joe Shuster, the superhero character - who escaped the destruction of his home planet Krypton, to wage battle against the forces of injustice - first appeared in the pages of Action Comics in 1938. Superman also became a popular figure in radio and cartoons, before leaping into live action movies and TV shows.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.757845878601074, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Alyn played the character in two serials, including 1950's \"Atom Man vs. Superman,\" in which Lex Luthor is up to no good. Naturally, bullets have no effect on Superman, but then there's the matter of that synthetic Kryptonite!", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.465002059936523, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Kirk Alyn as \"Superman\" (1948).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.54215145111084, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "In 1951 Lippert Pictures shot the first theatrical feature based on the character, \"Superman and the Mole Men,\" starring George Reeves as Clark Kent/Superman and Phyllis Coates as Lois Lane. The film served as a jumping-off point for the long-running TV series, \"The Adventures of Superman\" (1952-58), and in fact was re-cut into a two-part episode for the show.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.232035636901855, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Though George Reeves had appeared in numerous films since 1939, including \"Gone With the Wind,\" \"Blood and Sand,\" \"Border Patrol\" and \"Samson and Delilah,\" the success of \"The Adventures of Superman\" meant he was inextricably tied to the character in the public imagination - and in the eyes of Hollywood. (He even appeared in character on an episode of \"I Love Lucy.\")", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.312788009643555, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "George Reeves in a scene from \"Superman in Exile\" (1954), a film compiled from three episodes of the TV series.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.699252128601074, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "The Superman character appeared on TV cartoons and on the Broadway stage (in the 1966 musical \"It's a Bird ... It's a Plane ... It's Superman!\" which later aired on ABC).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.206401824951172, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Much of the sequel, \"Superman II\" (1980), was filmed during production of \"Superman,\" though the original director, Richard Donner, left the project in a dispute with the producers, and new footage was shot by Richard Lester.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.290587425231934, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Left: John Newton (who also starred in \"Melrose Place\") played Clark Kent, a mild-mannered journalism student, in the TV series, \"Superboy,\" which debuted in 1988. Cast changes in the show meant the \"boy of steel\" was played in the second and third seasons by Gerard Christopher (right), who was already 30 when he took on the cape.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.716550827026367, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "\"Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman\" (193-97) was a \"chick lit\" version of Metropolis and its super characters, focusing on the romance of Lois Lane (Teri Hatcher) and Clark Kent/Superman (Dean Cain). It was inspired by DC Comics' revamping of the superhero character by comics writer John Byrne.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.364249229431152, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Dean Cain as Superman in \"Lois & Clark.\" A former child actor, Cain also appeared in \"Beverly Hills, 90210\" before donning the cape.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.495615005493164, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "The syndicated drama \"Smallville\" (2001-11) was an attempt to retrace the origins of Superman by focusing on the youth of Clark Kent and the events that would later shape his superhero character. Tom Welling played Kent, whose superhuman abilities are only added to the normal woes of adolescence.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.529006004333496, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Brandon Routh as the Man of Steel in \"Superman Returns\" (2006). Prior to playing Superman, Routh was a regular on \"One Life to Live\" and appeared on \"Gilmore Girls.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.344639778137207, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Helen Slater starred in the 1984 film featuring the superheroine \"Supergirl.\" The character - another survivor of the destruction of Krypton - first appeared in comic books in 1959.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.536279678344727, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Helen Slater as Kara Zor-El, better known to Earthlings as \"Supergirl\" (1984).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.237674713134766, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Cooper Timberline as nine-year-old Clark Kent finds there are better uses for laundry, in 2013's \"Man of Steel.\" The latest reboot of the comic book hero is an origin story, directed by Zack Snyder (\"300\") and co-produced by Christopher Nolan (\"The Dark Knight\" trilogy), that explores the search by Clark Kent for his purpose on Earth - which, he discovers, is to protect it from a fiendishly destructive alien.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.357010841369629, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Henry Cavill as Superman in \"Man of Steel\" (2013). The British actor's previous credits include \"The Count of Monte Cristo,\" \"Immortals,\" and the TV series \"The Tudors.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.319755554199219, "source": "search", "title": "Christopher Reeve - Superman on screen - Pictures - CBS News" }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Posted by Sarah Keartes on December 5, 2015", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.44787311553955, "source": "search", "title": "How Fast Would SUPERMAN Have to Fly to Reverse the Earth’s ..." }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "Now, before we get into the good stuff, there are a few things to note. First, Superman wasn’t reversing the Earth’s spin, he was flying fast enough to go backwards in time. Second, stopping the Earth from spinning (let alone reversing its spin) would have catastrophic results. Most notably, a lot of this:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.721182823181152, "source": "search", "title": "How Fast Would SUPERMAN Have to Fly to Reverse the Earth’s ..." }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "OK, fine. Not that, but it would be very, very bad . But if Superman did spin the Earth backwards, he would need some mechanism to transfer inertia to the planet. For the purposes of this explainer we’re going to assume he has one (comic book physics, and all that jazz).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.944587707519531, "source": "search", "title": "How Fast Would SUPERMAN Have to Fly to Reverse the Earth’s ..." }, { "answer": "1", "passage": "Through their calculations, the University of Leicester team concluded that Kal-El would have had to fly at an angular velocity of 46.296 radians per second, or 660,000,000 miles per hour — 98% the speed of light (!) — to reverse the spin of the Pale Blue Dot. But that’s not all: compared to the Earth, Superman is a very small blob. In order to have a measurable effect on the massive celestial body then, he would also have to increase his own mass 13.7 million times over.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.22249984741211, "source": "search", "title": "How Fast Would SUPERMAN Have to Fly to Reverse the Earth’s ..." }, { "answer": "One", "passage": "But there is one problem: with mass, comes gravity. This brings us back to the impending doom our outside-underwearing friend would unleash on the planet, should he succeed in stopping it. “Whilst there is no danger of the moon being significantly affected by Superman, the act would would have set near-Earth objects such as asteroids on a course for Earth,” write the authors. Not to mention the resulting changes in atmospheric pressure and wind speeds would likely cause the extinction of the human race, and every other land-going species on the planet. So, in the end, Lois is toast – but on the plus side, Lex’s antics wouldn’t really matter anymore.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.106142044067383, "source": "search", "title": "How Fast Would SUPERMAN Have to Fly to Reverse the Earth’s ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Johnny Depp", "passage": "The Viper Room is a nightclub located on the Sunset Strip in West Hollywood, California. It was opened in 1993 and was partly owned by actor Johnny Depp until 2004. The club became known for being a hangout of Hollywood elite, and was the site where actor River Phoenix died of a drug overdose on Halloween morning in 1993. In early 1995, Australian singer Jason Donovan suffered a drug-induced seizure at the club and survived. The Viper Room has undergone several changes in ownership, and continues to host music of multiple genres, including metal, punk rock, and alternative rock.", "precise_score": 8.488064765930176, "rough_score": 9.546553611755371, "source": "wiki", "title": "The Viper Room" }, { "answer": "Johnny Depp", "passage": "On the evening of October 30, 1993, Phoenix was to perform with his close friend Flea from the Red Hot Chili Peppers onstage at The Viper Room, a Hollywood nightclub partly owned at the time by actor Johnny Depp. Phoenix had returned to Los Angeles early that week from Utah to complete the three weeks of interior shots left on his last project Dark Blood, a film that was finally completed in 2012. His younger sister Rain and brother Joaquin had flown out to join him at the Hotel Nikko (now the SLS Hotel) on La Cienega Boulevard. Phoenix's girlfriend, Samantha Mathis, had also come to meet him. All were present at the scene of Phoenix's death.", "precise_score": 7.261099338531494, "rough_score": 9.182197570800781, "source": "wiki", "title": "River Phoenix" }, { "answer": "Johnny Depp", "passage": "The actor was taken to Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, about two miles from the nightclub, the Viper Room, which is partly owned by the singer and actor Johnny Depp. Mr. Phoenix arrived at the hospital in full cardiac arrest and was soon pronounced dead.", "precise_score": 4.711181163787842, "rough_score": 7.138051509857178, "source": "search", "title": "Death of River Phoenix Is Linked To Use of Cocaine and ..." }, { "answer": "Johnny Depp", "passage": "On the eve of halloween in 1993, Phoenix would join his friends at Johnny Depp's club, The Viper Room, at 8852 Sunset Boulevard. It was about 1:00 am, Phoenix was in the bathroom of the club doing some drugs with several of his drug dealer friends, when one of them would offer him a hit of heroin. It was pure-grade Persion brown. Almost immediately after snorting the heroin, Phoenix would begin trembling and shaking violently. He then turned to one of his friends and vomited. Another of his friends decided it would be a good idea to give him a valium to calm him down.", "precise_score": 3.018712043762207, "rough_score": 4.5830607414245605, "source": "search", "title": "The Untimely Death of River Phoenix - Reel Reviews" }, { "answer": "Depp", "passage": "     Tragically, River Phoenix died of a drug overdose outside the club in the early morning of October 31, 1993 (often misreported as Halloween night).  Johnny has said in interviews that he was playing on stage with his band P at the time, and had no idea what had happened until being notified of it later.  In a  Spin Magazine article, Gibby Haynes recalls playing Michael Stipe that night:  \"Haynes later told Spin about the night P played at Depp's Viper Room in Los Angeles. Starting 'Michael Stipe,' the singer looked for Phoenix, who was supposed to be in attendance: '[The song's] got River's name in it, so it was going to be cool. He's a friend of mine and he's never heard the song. So we're singing up on stage…and right at that moment, he was basically on the sidewalk…. I've got a guitar solo, and at the end of the solo, Johnny stepped offstage. He was frightened. River died [of a heroin overdose] just a few feet away from us, right on the other side of the wall.'\"  Johnny closed the club for 2 weeks, placing a sign outside to express sympathy and condolences to River's family and loved ones.  Fans were permitted to place flowers, candles, photos and other memorabilia outside the club while it was closed.", "precise_score": 5.0752410888671875, "rough_score": 6.471557140350342, "source": "search", "title": "Johnny Depp Rocks: The Viper Room" }, { "answer": "Johnny Depp", "passage": "The actor collapsed about 1 A.M. Sunday outside a West Hollywood nightclub, The Viper Room, which is partly owned by Johnny Depp, the actor and singer. Mr. Phoenix spent his last hours accompanied by, among others, Samantha Mathis, a 23-year-old actress, and his 19-year-old brother, Joaquin, an actor who is known as Leaf Phoenix. A Collapse on the Sidewalk", "precise_score": 5.195067405700684, "rough_score": 6.824043273925781, "source": "search", "title": "Death of River Phoenix Jolts the Movie Industry - NYTimes.com" }, { "answer": "Depp", "passage": "The space where the club is located was originally a jazz bar called the Melody Room, a hangout of mobsters Bugsy Siegel and Mickey Cohen. In the 1970s and 1980s it operated as a club called The Central, which was close to shutting down before Chuck E. Weiss, who had performed there for years, suggested to Depp that they revitalize the spot and rename it \"The Viper Room\". Tom Waits also had a hand in redeveloping the spot. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.423816204071045, "source": "wiki", "title": "The Viper Room" }, { "answer": "Depp", "passage": "At Depp's request, Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers performed at the club's opening night. The Viper Room continues to frequently host metal and punk rock bands. The first live U.S. performance of doom metal supergroup Shrinebuilder in 2009 was held at the venue, as part of Club My War, which hosts bands at The Viper Room on a near monthly basis.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.6726837158203125, "source": "wiki", "title": "The Viper Room" }, { "answer": "Depp", "passage": "As part of the settlement of a lawsuit involving the disappearance of co-owner Anthony Fox in 2001, Depp relinquished his ownership of the Viper Room in 2004. The club was purchased by Darin Feinstein in 2004. Feinstein maintains majority ownership to this day. In 2015, Feinstein noted:", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.08128900080919266, "source": "wiki", "title": "The Viper Room" }, { "answer": "Johnny Depp", "passage": "When Johnny Depp founded the Viper Room he created an iconic brand that will live on forever. The venue grew from a gritty Rock and Roll lifestyle statement to one of the most prolific nightclubs, not just on the Sunset strip, but in the world. People from all parts of life are drawn to the Viper Room, the eclectic nature of its crowd is intense, and superstar bands from all over the world love to play there. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.8242570161819458, "source": "wiki", "title": "The Viper Room" }, { "answer": "Johnny Depp", "passage": "During the episode, Johnny Depp and his band P (featuring Flea and Phoenix's friend Gibby Haynes of the Butthole Surfers) were onstage. According to Haynes, the band was in the middle of their song \"Michael Stipe\" while Phoenix was outside the venue having seizures on the sidewalk. When the news filtered through the club, Flea left the stage and rushed outside. By that time, paramedics had arrived on the scene and found Phoenix turning dark blue, in full cardiac arrest and in a flatline state. They administered medication in an attempt to restart his heart. He was rushed to the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, accompanied by Flea, via an ambulance. Further attempts to resuscitate Phoenix were unsuccessful. He was pronounced dead at 1:51 a.m. PST on the morning of October 31, 1993, at the age of 23.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.731210708618164, "source": "wiki", "title": "River Phoenix" }, { "answer": "Depp", "passage": "The following day the club became a makeshift shrine with fans and mourners leaving flowers, pictures and candles on the sidewalk and graffiti messages on the walls of the venue. A sign was placed in the window that read, \"With much respect and love to River and his family, The Viper Room is temporarily closed. Our heartfelt condolences to all his family, friends and loved ones. He will be missed.\" The club remained closed for a week. Depp continued to close the club every year on October 31 until selling his share in 2004. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.6744818687438965, "source": "wiki", "title": "River Phoenix" }, { "answer": "Depp", "passage": "On the 20th anniversary of Phoenix's death, musician Bob Forrest talked about the young actor's early death saying that while Phoenix maintained an image of a hippie vegan pacifist the reality of his drug taking was much darker than anyone knew. Forrest said that Phoenix had been staying with musician John Frusciante for a few days prior to his death. The duo would go on long drug binges, barely sleeping. They would smoke crack and inject heroin and cocaine together. On the night of his death, both Phoenix and Frusciante arrived at the Viper Room together, where they met up with Mathis and River's brother and sister. Forrest claims that cocaine was instantly passed around amongst the group; however, he noticed that Phoenix was already not looking well. During the performance by Depp's band, Phoenix informed Forrest that he wasn't feeling well, and thought he was overdosing. Forrest said that Phoenix rallied and re-entered the crowd, but moments later someone frantically called out for 9-1-1 as Phoenix collapsed outside and started having seizures. Forrest drove his own car to the hospital, but Phoenix was declared dead shortly after arrival. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.814284324645996, "source": "wiki", "title": "River Phoenix" }, { "answer": "Johnny Depp", "passage": "The pair met up with Phoenix's brother, Joaquin, their sister Rain and Red Hot Chili Pepper Flea and Johnny Depp.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.883404731750488, "source": "search", "title": "River Phoenix knew he was suffering an overdose the night ..." }, { "answer": "Johnny Depp", "passage": "Musician and Actor: River Phoenix was watching his friend Johnny Depp play with his band on the evening of his death", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.485665798187256, "source": "search", "title": "River Phoenix knew he was suffering an overdose the night ..." }, { "answer": "Depp", "passage": "It was during the performance by Depp's band that Phoenix tapped Forrest on the shoulder to tell him that he was not feeling well.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.95451545715332, "source": "search", "title": "River Phoenix knew he was suffering an overdose the night ..." }, { "answer": "Depp", "passage": "Sadly, Depp phoned and asked Forrest, 'How's your friend?' Not realizing that the patient was his good friend Phoenix.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.391541481018066, "source": "search", "title": "River Phoenix knew he was suffering an overdose the night ..." }, { "answer": "Depp", "passage": "'Dude,' Forrest said. 'River’s dead.' After a long pause, Depp said, 'Oh my God,' and hung up.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.513309478759766, "source": "search", "title": "River Phoenix knew he was suffering an overdose the night ..." }, { "answer": "Johnny Depp", "passage": "Johnny Depp Rocks: The Viper Room", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.4374308586120605, "source": "search", "title": "Johnny Depp Rocks: The Viper Room" }, { "answer": "Johnny Depp", "passage": "     Johnny was present for guest appearances by many renowned artists, including the great Johnny Cash.  On December 3, 1993, after hooking up with producer Rick Rubin with the intention of recording a new album, Cash did something at the Viper Room that he had never done before: he played solo.  He famously debuted much of the solo material that was later released on the Rubin-produced CD, American Recordings, reportedly beginning with his own composition, Drive On.  Johnny Depp introduced the Man In Black by saying \"Ladies and gentlemen, I can't believe I get to say this: Johnny Cash!\" Rick Rubin recalls : \"It was an incredible night.  Dead silent.  You could hear a pin drop.  People couldn't believe that it was Johnny Cash there in the Viper Room.  He started playing, and I could see how nervous he was, but by the middle of the first song, or the beginning of the second song, all of the fear was gone.  He was in the music and it was beautiful.  People who were there that night still talk about it as one of the greatest things they've ever seen.  And we recorded that night and I think one of those songs ended up on our first album.\"  (Actually, two songs recorded that night were later released on American Recordings: Tennessee Stud and The Man Who Couldn't Cry).  In the 2013 Sunset Strip documentary, Johnny speaks of Johnny Cash's appearance as being a \"great cleansing\" and an \"exorcism\" of the dark cloud that had hung over the club after River Phoenix' death.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -1.5183050632476807, "source": "search", "title": "Johnny Depp Rocks: The Viper Room" }, { "answer": "Johnny Depp", "passage": "Upstairs, the shirtless lead singer of Chucky White and the Goddamn Lies wailed. Downstairs, a group of actors with vaguely familiar faces huddled on couches in the cozy bar. Upset that the private back room often overseen by club co-owner Johnny Depp was closed, they soon left.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.228445053100586, "source": "search", "title": "Hollywood's Fast Lane Unfazed - tribunedigital-chicagotribune" }, { "answer": "Johnny Depp", "passage": "Whatever his intentions, the Viper--whose other owners include actor Johnny Depp--has been a favorite hangout for a young crowd, including many of Depp's celebrity friends who want to avoid the glitzier aura of the Roxbury, Tatou and other Westside clubs.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.337345123291016, "source": "search", "title": "Viper Club May Feel the Bite of Publicity - Los Angeles Times" }, { "answer": "Depp", "passage": "When the Viper opened Aug. 14 near Sunset Boulevard and Larrabee Street, an opening-night event featuring performances by Tom Petty & the Heartbreakers, Weiss and others brought out a coterie of young Hollywood figures who were friends with Depp. Other \"surprise\" performances, including one by Pearl Jam, have given the club a high profile, as have celebrity regulars such as \"Beverly Hills 90210\" actresses Shannen Doherty and Tori Spelling.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.185713768005371, "source": "search", "title": "Viper Club May Feel the Bite of Publicity - Los Angeles Times" }, { "answer": "Depp", "passage": "Under Depp's direction, the old, run-down facility most recently called the Central was remodeled in an intimate 1920s speak-easy mode, darkly lit by Art Deco-modeled sconces and a tropical island tableau painted on the wall behind the corner stage.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.365640640258789, "source": "search", "title": "Viper Club May Feel the Bite of Publicity - Los Angeles Times" }, { "answer": "Johnny Depp", "passage": "Navarro has been at the club several times, but was not there Saturday. \"In terms of it being a chichi elitist Hollywood establishment, it's not. But because of Johnny Depp's associations, his friends go. If a construction worker owned it, a lot of construction workers would show up.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.743520736694336, "source": "search", "title": "Viper Club May Feel the Bite of Publicity - Los Angeles Times" }, { "answer": "Johnny Depp", "passage": "River died of acute multiple drug intoxication involving lethal levels of cocaine and morphine at age 23 outside the Viper Room, Johnny Depp 's Los Angeles club.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.637838840484619, "source": "search", "title": "River Phoenix - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Johnny Depp", "passage": "His date to Johnny Depp 's club the evening he died was actress Samantha Mathis .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.95854663848877, "source": "search", "title": "River Phoenix - Biography - IMDb" }, { "answer": "Johnny Depp", "passage": "MOVIES : The Normalization of Johnny Depp : He's been in the eye of the media storm since River Phoenix's death outside Depp's Sunset Strip club. Now, all the star of the new 'Gilbert Grape' and coming-soon 'Ed Wood' wants is the chance to be normal for a while", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.5482707023620605, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about River Phoenix - latimes" }, { "answer": "Johnny Depp", "passage": "So, Johnny Depp, right? You figure with his bad-boy image, what GQ delicately termed \"the philosopher king of the stoners\" (and that was before the death of River Phoenix after collapsing outside Depp's Viper Room in October), that he would be the kind of shambling, let's-move-the-ashtray-so-you-can-sit-down kind of host. And who could blame you? Not Depp, not after all the stories out there. Like the one where he was supposed to talk to a writer for Cosmopolitan and he showed up drunk.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.5411386489868164, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about River Phoenix - latimes" } ]

[ { "answer": "Rebecca de Mornay", "passage": "THERE are few real constants in this world, but surely Roger Vadim's gift for girl-watching looked like one of them. So it's sad to see Mr. Vadim's lecherous eye let him down. Whatever it was that possessed him to remake his 1957 ''And God Created Woman,'' the film that launched Brigitte Bardot, it was not the discovery of a voluptuous and comparably kittenish new star. Mr. Vadim's leading lady this time is the thoroughly ordinary Rebecca De Mornay, who has all the self-interest her role requires but little of the sex appeal.", "precise_score": 6.828108787536621, "rough_score": 7.203758239746094, "source": "search", "title": "Movie Review - - Film: 'And God Created Woman' - NYTimes.com" }, { "answer": "Rebecca Demornay", "passage": "Roger Vadim's remake of his 1957 film classic, starring Rebecca DeMornay in the role made famous by Brigitte Bardot. With Vincent Spano.", "precise_score": 7.426936626434326, "rough_score": 7.507939338684082, "source": "search", "title": "And God Created Woman - Find and Watch" }, { "answer": "Rebecca de Mornay", "passage": "Born in Paris to a Ukranian-French family, Roger Vadim was briefly educated in political science before studying acting under Charles Dulin. From ages 16 through 19, Vadim pursued a performing career. He then spent eight years as an assistant to director Marc Allegret; during this same period, he was a journalist for Paris Match and an occasional television director. Married to Brigitte Bardot in 1952, Vadim burst onto the international film scene when he directed his breathtakingly beautiful young wife in And...God Created Woman (1956). While it was the film's nudity and eroticism that assured its success in the United States, its popularity enabled France's up-and-coming \"New Wave\" directors to gain attention in the American market. Because Vadim was tagged as a \"nudie\" director, most of his subsequent films were provocatively (and often misleadingly) retitled when released to the States: for example, the wry and witty Chateau en Suede (1963) was dumbed down to Nutty, Naughty Chateau. Vadim seemed to not only welcome being pigeonholed as a voyeur, but encouraged this perception by presenting his various actress wives--Bardot, Annette Stroyberg, Jane Fonda, Maria Schneider--in their birthday suits, whether the plot required it or not. His reputation as an on-camera satyr spilled over into his private life as he pursued romantic relationships with Catherine Deneuve (who bore him a son), Marie-Christine Barrault, and others too numerous to mention. By the 1980s, Vadim's cinematic hedonism seemed a bit antiquated, never more so than in his tiresome remake of ...And God Created Woman, which starred Rebecca De Mornay. In addition to his directing and screenwriting credits, Vadim has acted in Cocteau's Testament of Orpheus (1959), Warhol's Ciao Manhattan (1973), Cukor's Rich and Famous (1981) and John Landis' Into the Night (1985). Roger Vadim is the author of two endearingly egotistical autobiographies: Memoirs of the Devil (1977) and Bardot, Deneuve, Fonda--My Life with the Three Most Beautiful Women in the World (1985).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 5.837404727935791, "source": "search", "title": "Roger Vadim - Microsoft Store" }, { "answer": "Rebecca de Mornay", "passage": "Robin Shea (Rebecca De Mornay) escapes from a New Mexico prison. She hitches a ride with James Tiernan (Frank Langella) who is running for governor. It turns out he's visiting the prison and he tells her to sneak back in. She runs into carpenter Billy Moran (Vincent Spano) who helps her and has sex with her. She calls up Tiernan who tells her to get marry for a better chance at parole. She offers $5k to Moran to marry her. She gets parole and moves in with him who lives with his son Timmy and his brother Peter. The usual relationship struggles.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.532147407531738, "source": "search", "title": "IMDb - And God Created Woman (1988)" }, { "answer": "Rebecca de Mornay", "passage": "''And God Created Woman'' has a slow pace, a trashy look and a notably poor sense of humor. The Donovan Leitch in the cast, in the small role of Billy's brother, is not the 60's folk-rock star but his teen-age son. FEMME FATALE - AND GOD CREATED WOMAN, directed by Roger Vadim; written by R. J. Stewart; director of photography, Stephen M. Katz; edited by Suzanne Pettit; music by Thomas Chase and Steve Rucker; production designer, Victor Kempster; produced by George G. Braunstein and Ron Hamady; released by Vestron Pictures. At the Manhattan Twin, 59th Street and Third Avenue; Movieland, Broadway and 47th Street; Metro Twin, Broadway and 99th Street; Waverly Twin, Avenue of the Americas and Third Street. Running time: 100 minutes. This film is rated R. Robin...Rebecca De Mornay Billy Moran...Vincent Spano James Tiernan...Frank Langella Peter Moran...Donovan Leitch Alexandra Tiernan...Judith Chapman Timmy Moran...Jaime McEnnan Blue...Benjamin Mouton David...David Shelley", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 6.00869083404541, "source": "search", "title": "Movie Review - - Film: 'And God Created Woman' - NYTimes.com" }, { "answer": "Rebecca de Mornay", "passage": "All that kissing led to rampant telling in his 1986 autobiography titled Bardot, Deneuve, Fonda. Bardot and Deneuve sued and were each awarded $10,000 for invasion of privacy. ”Vadim loved women with a kind of boyish passion,” says Angie Dickinson, star of Vadim’s 1971 film Pretty Maids All in a Row. Rebecca De Mornay, who starred in Vadim’s 1987 And God Created Woman, which, oddly enough, was not a remake, adds, ”He knew how to make women feel important.”", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.712142467498779, "source": "search", "title": "Remembering Roger Vadim | EW.com" } ]

[ { "answer": "Barbra Streisand", "passage": "Nolte earned his first Oscar nomination as emotionally scarred football coach Tom Wingo in Barbra Streisand's adaptation of Pat Conroy's 1986 novel. \"Streisand was just so complete in her process. She had it all together. Barbra knows lighting really well. She's lit really well. She was just nailed into it.\"", "precise_score": 0.017278209328651428, "rough_score": -3.7651734352111816, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Nick Nolte - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Barbra Streisand", "passage": "\"Sometimes you don't want to wash the character off that day. There's a certain kind of feeling that you get from a certain amount of dirt. It's very difficult to go in and take a shower and scrub yourself absolutely clean, and then go in and put on fake dirt and pretend that you've been sleeping outside. You're not physically in touch with it, you're not emotionally in touch with it. You don't know what it's like to wake up with the sun in your face. All of that you would have to pretend, so . . so if you're going to play a character like that, I think one of the best things is to get a little dirty and sleep outside!\" Barbra Streisand, who directed and costarred with Nolte in The Prince of Tides, clearly approves of Nolte's nocompromise method. \"Nick approaches a role with raw ferocity, with no concern of how he can get the audience to like him,\" she says. \"That's very admirable. Underneath, Nick is very complex-full of pain, anger, sweetness, and enormous vulnerability.\"", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.696726322174072, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Nick Nolte - Tripod.com" }, { "answer": "Barbra Streisand", "passage": "Speaking recently from Beaufort, S. C., where he's currently rehearsing Tides under Barbra Streisand's direction, Nolte adds, \"There's a period in an actor's life where he's influenced by the studios, the public, the critics and begins to think he's got to make decisions based on other things than his insides. So I just returned to the insides, and because I did that I'm going nonstop.\" ```````````````````````````````````````````````````` Premiere magazine articles Beating Success By Fred Cohn", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.38351058959961, "source": "search", "title": "Articles about Nick Nolte - Tripod.com" } ]

[ { "answer": "David Scott and James Irwin", "passage": "1971: Apollo 15 astronauts David Scott and James Irwin drive the Lunar Roving Vehicle on the surface of the moon. It’s the first off-planet automobile ride.", "precise_score": 6.881842613220215, "rough_score": 5.630715847015381, "source": "search", "title": "July 31, 1971: Astronauts Drive on the Moon | WIRED" }, { "answer": "David Scott and James Irwin", "passage": "When NASA's Apollo 15 astronauts David Scott and James Irwin touched down on the moon 40 years ago, they had an extra special tool packed away on their lunar lander: a dune buggy-size rover that enabled them to become the first humans to drive on the surface of a world beyond Earth.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.6766655445098877, "source": "search", "title": "Driving on the Moon: The 40-Year Legacy of NASA's First ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "Shannon Lucid", "passage": "The previous record for the longest single U.S. space flight was held by Astronaut Shannon Lucid, who lived on Mir for 188 days in 1996, a mission that still is the world record for the longest single space flight by a woman. She also holds the cumulative record for time in space by a woman with 223 days in space on five flights.", "precise_score": 9.551474571228027, "rough_score": 9.125442504882812, "source": "search", "title": "NASA - Foale Breaks U.S. Space Flight Record" }, { "answer": "Shannon Lucid", "passage": "Prior to June 16th, 2007, Shannon Lucid held the record for the longest duration spaceflight", "precise_score": 3.543395757675171, "rough_score": 4.358314514160156, "source": "search", "title": "In 1996 who earned the distinctions of ... - Askallday.com" }, { "answer": "Shannon Lucid", "passage": "Record-Setting Female Astronaut Shannon Lucid Leaving NASA", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.77082633972168, "source": "search", "title": "Record-Setting Female Astronaut Shannon Lucid ... - Space.com" }, { "answer": "Shannon Lucid", "passage": "Record-Setting Female Astronaut Shannon Lucid Leaving NASA", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.77082633972168, "source": "search", "title": "Record-Setting Female Astronaut Shannon Lucid ... - Space.com" }, { "answer": "Shannon W. Lucid", "passage": "During off-duty time in the Spacehab Module, astronaut Shannon W. Lucid uses the microgravity of space to fabricate her own kind of easy chair as the days of her lengthy Russian Mir Space Station stay as a cosmonaut guest researcher come to a close in September 1996.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.6473658084869385, "source": "search", "title": "Record-Setting Female Astronaut Shannon Lucid ... - Space.com" }, { "answer": "Shannon Lucid", "passage": "NASA astronaut Shannon Lucid, the only American woman to live aboard the Russian Mir space station, and a member of NASA's first astronaut class to include women, has retired after a long and outstanding career at the agency.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.9988226890563965, "source": "search", "title": "Record-Setting Female Astronaut Shannon Lucid ... - Space.com" }, { "answer": "Shannon Lucid", "passage": "William Readdy, Terrence Wilcutt, Thomas Akers, Jay Apt, Carl Walz, John Blaha (up), Shannon Lucid (down)", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.033392906188965, "source": "search", "title": "MANNED SPACE FLIGHTS - Rocket and Space Technology" } ]

[ { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "Four people have received two Nobel Prizes. Marie Curie received the Physics Prize in 1903 for her work on radioactivity and the Chemistry Prize in 1911 for the isolation of pure radium, making her the only person to win a Nobel Prize in two different sciences. Linus Pauling won the 1954 Chemistry Prize for his research into the chemical bond and its application to the structure of complex substances. Pauling also won the Peace Prize in 1962 for his activism against nuclear weapons, making him the only laureate of two unshared prizes. John Bardeen received the Physics Prize twice: in 1956 for the invention of the transistor and in 1972 for the theory of superconductivity. Frederick Sanger received the prize twice in Chemistry: in 1958 for determining the structure of the insulin molecule and in 1980 for inventing a method of determining base sequences in DNA. ", "precise_score": 4.851999759674072, "rough_score": 7.617445945739746, "source": "wiki", "title": "Nobel Prize" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "The transistor is the fundamental building block of modern electronic devices, and is ubiquitous in modern electronic systems. First conceived by Julius Lilienfeld in 1926 and practically implemented in 1947 by American physicists John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley, the transistor revolutionized the field of electronics, and paved the way for smaller and cheaper radios, calculators, and computers, among other things. The transistor is on the list of IEEE milestones in electronics, and Bardeen, Brattain, and Shockley shared the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics for their achievement. ", "precise_score": 5.189536094665527, "rough_score": 4.412465572357178, "source": "wiki", "title": "Transistor" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "From November 17, 1947 to December 23, 1947, John Bardeen and Walter Brattain at AT&T's Bell Labs in the United States performed experiments and observed that when two gold point contacts were applied to a crystal of germanium, a signal was produced with the output power greater than the input. Solid State Physics Group leader William Shockley saw the potential in this, and over the next few months worked to greatly expand the knowledge of semiconductors. The term transistor was coined by John R. Pierce as a contraction of the term transresistance. According to Lillian Hoddeson and Vicki Daitch, authors of a biography of John Bardeen, Shockley had proposed that Bell Labs' first patent for a transistor should be based on the field-effect and that he be named as the inventor. Having unearthed Lilienfeld’s patents that went into obscurity years earlier, lawyers at Bell Labs advised against Shockley's proposal because the idea of a field-effect transistor that used an electric field as a \"grid\" was not new. Instead, what Bardeen, Brattain, and Shockley invented in 1947 was the first point-contact transistor. In acknowledgement of this accomplishment, Shockley, Bardeen, and Brattain were jointly awarded the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics \"for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect.\" ", "precise_score": 4.638091564178467, "rough_score": 4.590789318084717, "source": "wiki", "title": "Transistor" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen (May 23, 1908 – January 30, 1991) was an American physicist and electrical engineer, the only person to have won the Nobel Prize in Physics twice: first in 1956 with William Shockley and Walter Brattain for the invention of the transistor; and again in 1972 with Leon N Cooper and John Robert Schrieffer for a fundamental theory of conventional superconductivity known as the BCS theory. ", "precise_score": 8.741040229797363, "rough_score": 8.946903228759766, "source": "wiki", "title": "John Bardeen" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "In 1956, John Bardeen shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with William Shockley of Semiconductor Laboratory of Beckman Instruments and Walter Brattain of Bell Telephone Laboratories \"for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect\". ", "precise_score": 8.19134521484375, "rough_score": 6.350666046142578, "source": "wiki", "title": "John Bardeen" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "William Shockley, John Bardeen and Walter Brattain were awarded the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics for the invention of the transistor in 1947. John Bardeen is the only person awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics twice.", "precise_score": 9.062939643859863, "rough_score": 7.742192268371582, "source": "search", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "On December 14, 2006, the American Physical Society presented a plaque to Bell Laboratories in honor of John Bardeen (1908-1991), William B. Shockley (1910-1989), and Walter H. Brattain (1902-1987) for their invention of the transistor, which has been called “the most important invention of the 20th Century.”1 Developed from semiconductor material, the transistor was the first device that could both amplify an electrical signal, as well as turn it on and off, allowing current to flow or to be blocked.2 It was small in size, generated very low heat, and was very dependable, making possible a breakthrough in the miniaturization of complex circuitry.3 The transistor heralded in the “Information Age” and paved the way for the development of almost every electronic device, from radios to computers to space shuttles. For their monumental “researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect,\"4 Bardeen, Shockley and Brattain were presented with the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1956.", "precise_score": 2.4663808345794678, "rough_score": 5.042360782623291, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen, William Shockley, Walter Brattain - APS Home" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen was co-winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1956 for inventing the transistor and in 1972 for the theory of superconductivity.", "precise_score": 8.100808143615723, "rough_score": 6.968860626220703, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen - Biography.com" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen shared the 1956 Nobel Prize for Physics with William B. Shockley and Walter H. Brattain for their joint invention of the transistor. In 1972, with Leon N. Cooper and John R. Schrieffer, Bardeen was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics again, this time for the first successful explanation of superconductivity. Focusing on such areas as electrical conduction in semiconductors and metals, and surface properties of semiconductors, Bardeen was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1954.", "precise_score": 8.676919937133789, "rough_score": 7.538726329803467, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen - Biography.com" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "The transistor was invented in 1947 at Bell Telephone Laboratories by a team led by physicists John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley. At first, the computer was not high on the list of potential applications for this tiny device. This is not surprising—when the first computers were built in the 1940s and 1950s, few scientists saw in them the seeds of a technology that would in a few decades come to permeate almost every sphere of human life. Before the digital explosion, transistors were a vital part of improvements in existing analog systems, such as radios and stereos.", "precise_score": 1.9438518285751343, "rough_score": 4.578365802764893, "source": "search", "title": "Transistor History - Invention of the Transistor - Idea Finder" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "In 1990, John Bardeen appeared on LIFE Magazines list of \"100 Most Influential Americans of the Century.\" ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.104696273803711, "source": "wiki", "title": "John Bardeen" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen was born in Madison, Wisconsin on May 23, 1908. He was the son of Charles Russell Bardeen, the first dean of the University of Wisconsin Medical School.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.764187812805176, "source": "wiki", "title": "John Bardeen" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "In October 1945, John Bardeen began work at Bell Labs. Bardeen was a member of a Solid State Physics Group, led by William Shockley and chemist Stanley Morgan. Other personnel working in the group were Walter Brattain, physicist Gerald Pearson, chemist Robert Gibney, electronics expert Hilbert Moore and several technicians. He moved his family to Summit, New Jersey. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -7.471874237060547, "source": "wiki", "title": "John Bardeen" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "In 1957, John Bardeen, in collaboration with Leon Cooper and his doctoral student John Robert Schrieffer, proposed the standard theory of superconductivity known as the BCS theory (named for their initials).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.25161361694336, "source": "wiki", "title": "John Bardeen" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "In 1972, John Bardeen shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with Leon N Cooper of Brown University and John Robert Schrieffer of the University of Pennsylvania \"for their jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually called the BCS-theory\". ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -5.616942405700684, "source": "wiki", "title": "John Bardeen" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "* On January 10, 1977, John Bardeen was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Gerald Ford. He was represented at the ceremony by his son, William Bardeen.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.897930145263672, "source": "wiki", "title": "John Bardeen" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "When asked about his beliefs in an interview in 1988, Bardeen responded: \"I am not a religious person, and so do not think about it very much\". However, he has also said: \"I feel that science cannot provide an answer to the ultimate questions about the meaning and purpose of life.\" Bardeen did believe in a code of moral values and behaviour. John Bardeen's children were taken to church by his wife, who taught Sunday school and was a church elder. Despite this, he and his wife made it clear that they did not have faith in an afterlife and other religious ideas. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.198259353637695, "source": "wiki", "title": "John Bardeen" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "Also in honor of Bardeen, Sony Corporation endowed a $3 million John Bardeen professorial chair at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, beginning in 1990. The current John Bardeen Professor is Nick Holonyak, Bardeen's first doctoral student and protege.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.726181030273438, "source": "wiki", "title": "John Bardeen" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "Bardeen was honored on a March 6, 2008, United States postage stamp as part of the \"American Scientists\" series designed by artist Victor Stabin. The $0.41 stamp was unveiled in a ceremony at the University of Illinois. His citation reads: \"Theoretical physicist John Bardeen (1908–1991) shared the Nobel Prize in Physics twice — in 1956, as co-inventor of the transistor and in 1972, for the explanation of superconductivity. The transistor paved the way for all modern electronics, from computers to microchips. Diverse applications of superconductivity include infrared sensors and medical imaging systems.\" The other scientists on the \"American Scientists\" sheet include biochemist Gerty Cori, chemist Linus Pauling and astronomer Edwin Hubble.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 2.4825496673583984, "source": "wiki", "title": "John Bardeen" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "Brattain, John Bardeen, and William B. Shockley won the Nobel Prize for the development of the transistor.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.237058401107788, "source": "search", "title": "Nobel Laureates - College of Science and Engineering" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "person, John Bardeen , has been awarded the Physics Prize twice.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.091405868530273, "source": "search", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "In 1947, John Bardeen and Walter Brattain, working at Bell Telephone Laboratories, were trying to understand the nature of the electrons at the interface between a metal and a semiconductor. They realized that by making two point contacts very close to one another, they could make a three terminal device - the first \"point contact\" transistor.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.6687493324279785, "source": "search", "title": "The Transistor - History - Nobel Memorial Prize in ..." }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen, William B. Shockley, and Walter H. Brattain and the Invention of the Transistor", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.3456451892852783, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen, William Shockley, Walter Brattain - APS Home" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen, William Shockley, Walter Brattain", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.774014472961426, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen, William Shockley, Walter Brattain - APS Home" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "Walter Brattain had been working for Bell Labs since 1929, the year he received his Ph.D. in physics from the University of Minnesota. His main research interest was on the surface properties of solids.7 John Bardeen was a theoretical physicist with an industrial engineering background. With a Ph.D. in physics from Princeton University, he was working as an assistant professor at the University of Minnesota when Shockley invited him to join the group.8", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -8.441697120666504, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen, William Shockley, Walter Brattain - APS Home" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen | Biography History | Electronics Notes", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.442122459411621, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen | Biography History | Electronics+Radio" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen Biography", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.343326568603516, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen | Biography History | Electronics+Radio" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen was an American physicist and inventor - he was one of the research group that invented the point contact transistor.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -0.7443037033081055, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen | Biography History | Electronics+Radio" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen was an American physicist and electrical engineer, one of the trio who invented the point contact transistor.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.773193836212158, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen | Biography History | Electronics+Radio" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen early life & education", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.44975757598877, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen | Biography History | Electronics+Radio" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen was the only one of the main trio of the transistor inventors who was born in the USA. William Shockley was born in England and Walter Brattain in China - both to America parents.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -4.631626129150391, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen | Biography History | Electronics+Radio" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen was born in Wisconsin in May 1908. He was the son of Charles Russell Bardeen, who was the first dean of the University of Wisconsin Medical School.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.59675407409668, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen | Biography History | Electronics+Radio" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen began his work at Bell Labs, joining the Solid State Physics Group under William Shockley and chemist Stanley Morgan.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.994261741638184, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen | Biography History | Electronics+Radio" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "On 23rd December 1947, John Bardeen and Walter Brattain who were working without Shockley, succeeded in creating a point-contact transistor that achieved amplification.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.155161380767822, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen | Biography History | Electronics+Radio" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "It appeared that Shockley tried to take much of the credit although Bell Labs consistently presented all there as the inventors. However Shockley's actions severely damaged the relationship between him and both John Bardeen and Walter Brattain.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.790519714355469, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen | Biography History | Electronics+Radio" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "By the early 1950s, John Bardeen wanted to seek another job. He was offered a position at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1951 where he became Professor of Electrical Engineering and of Physics.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.675552368164062, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen | Biography History | Electronics+Radio" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "It was the work on superconductivity for which John Bardeen received his second Nobel Prize.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -6.505422592163086, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen | Biography History | Electronics+Radio" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen - Educator, Physicist, Scientist, Inventor - Biography.com", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.875197410583496, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen - Biography.com" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.296730995178223, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen - Biography.com" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen was born in Madison, Wisconsin, on May 23, 1908, the son of Dr. Charles R. Bardeen, the dean of the University of Wisconsin medical school. His intelligence apparent at an early age, Bardeen's parents had him skip from third grade right into junior high. He enrolled at the University of Wisconsin when he was 15 and majored in engineering, later getting his master's in engineering at UW as well.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.054291725158691, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen - Biography.com" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "Nobel prizes aside, John Bardeen was one of the most decorated and influential scientists of his time. He was a fellow of the American Physical Society and a member of the President's Science Advisory Committee. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1954 and was awarded the Buckley Prize of the American Physical Society in 1955 and the Fritz London Award for work in low-temperature physics in 1962.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.1851680874824524, "source": "search", "title": "John Bardeen - Biography.com" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "Walter H. Brattain spent three years at the University Minnesota and received his Ph.D. in 1929. Before taking a post at Bell Labs, Brattain began his research which was concerned with thermionic emission and adsorbed layers on tungsten. He continued on into the field of rectification and photo-effects at semiconductor surfaces, beginning with a study of rectification at the surface of cuprous oxide. This work was followed by similar studies of silicon. Brattain discovered the photo-effect at the free surface of a semiconductor; with Bardeen he invented the point-contact transistor, and his research led to a better understanding of the surface properties of semiconductors, with Bardeen, Garrett, and Boddy. Walter Brattain won the Nobel Prize in 1956 with John Bardeen and William Shockley for their research on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect. '", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 0.9715007543563843, "source": "search", "title": "Minnesota Physics Nobel Laureates - Physics at Minnesota" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.296730995178223, "source": "search", "title": "Minnesota Physics Nobel Laureates - Physics at Minnesota" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen was an assistant professor of physics at the University of Minnesota from 1938-41. He left to act as a civilian physicist at the Naval Ordinance Laboratory in Washington, D.C duirng World War II. After the war, Bardeen joined Bell labs where he his research focused on electrical conduction in semiconductors and metals, surface properties of semiconductors, theory of superconductivity, and diffusion of atoms in solids. John Bardeen won the Nobel Prize in 1956 with Walter Brattain and William Shockley for their research on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect. He won the Nobel prize again in 1972 with Leon Cooper and John Schrieffer for their jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually called the BCS-theory.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.2089488506317139, "source": "search", "title": "Minnesota Physics Nobel Laureates - Physics at Minnesota" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.296730995178223, "source": "search", "title": "Awards & Recognition - Bell Labs" }, { "answer": "John Bardeen", "passage": "John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley in 1947.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.434082984924316, "source": "search", "title": "Transistor History - Invention of the Transistor - Idea Finder" } ]

[ { "answer": "Lee De Forest", "passage": "A triode is an electronic amplifying vacuum tube (or valve in British English) consisting of three electrodes inside an evacuated glass envelope: a heated filament or cathode, a grid, and a plate (anode). Invented in 1906 by Lee De Forest by adding a grid electrode to the thermionic diode (Fleming valve), the triode was the first practical electronic amplifier and the ancestor of other types of vacuum tubes such as the tetrode and pentode. Its invention founded the electronics age, making possible amplified radio technology and long-distance telephony. Triodes were widely used in consumer electronics devices such as radios and televisions until the 1970s, when transistors replaced them. Today, their main remaining use is in high-power RF amplifiers in radio transmitters and industrial RF heating devices. In recent years there has been a resurgence in demand for low power triodes due to renewed interest in tube-type audio systems by audiophiles who prefer its sound. ", "precise_score": 7.210770606994629, "rough_score": 5.500086307525635, "source": "wiki", "title": "Triode" }, { "answer": "Lee De Forest", "passage": "Independently, beginning in 1906, American engineer Lee De Forest invented a number of three-element tube designs by adding an electrode to the diode, which he called Audions. The Audion is considered the first triode. The one which became the design of the triode, in which the grid was located between the filament and plate, was patented January 29, 1907., [http://www.google.com/patents/US879532 Space Telegraphy], filed January 29, 1907, issued February 18, 1908 The Audion was incompletely evacuated and contained some gas at low pressure, thought to be necessary by De Forest, which caused erratic operation and shortened the life of the filament. Invented as a radio receiver detector, the Audion did not see much use until its ability to amplify was recognized around 1912 by several researchers, who used it to build the first successful amplifying radio receivers and electronic oscillators. The many uses for amplification motivated its rapid development. By 1913 improved versions with higher vacuum were developed by Harold Arnold at American Telephone and Telegraph Company which had purchased the rights to the Audion from De Forest, and Irving Langmuir at General Electric, who named his tube the \"Pliotron\", These were the first vacuum tube triodes. The name triode appeared later, when it became necessary to distinguish it from other kinds of vacuum tubes with more or fewer elements (e.g. diodes, tetrodes, pentodes, etc.). There were lengthy lawsuits between De Forest and von Lieben, and De Forest and the Marconi Company, representing John Ambrose Fleming who invented the diode.", "precise_score": 7.956603050231934, "rough_score": 5.0211992263793945, "source": "wiki", "title": "Triode" }, { "answer": "Lee De Forest", "passage": "British engineer Sir John Ambrose Fleming invents the two-electrode radio rectifier; or vacuum diode, which he calls an oscillation valve. Based on Edison's lightbulbs, the valve reliably detects radio waves. Transcontinental telephone service becomes possible with Lee De Forest's 1907 patent of the triode, or three-element vacuum tube, which electronically amplifies signals.", "precise_score": 8.81617546081543, "rough_score": 5.85304594039917, "source": "search", "title": "Radio & Television Timeline - Greatest Engineering ..." }, { "answer": "Lee De Forest", "passage": "Others found another use for this device. In the early 1900s, for example, English engineer John Ambrose Fleming used this one-way electrical “valve,” to convert radio waves into a flow of current that could be measured by a galvanometer. The Fleming valve is remembered as the first true electronic device. It came into use for radio transmission and soon became the basis of Lee De Forest’s Audion electron tube, which he invented in 1906. ", "precise_score": 2.95689058303833, "rough_score": 4.2663164138793945, "source": "search", "title": "Diode - Engineering and Technology History Wiki" }, { "answer": "Lee De Forest", "passage": "In 1897, Karl Ferdinand Braun introduced the cathode ray tube as part of an oscilloscope, a crucial enabling technology for electronic television. John Fleming invented the first radio tube, the diode, in 1904. Two years later, Robert von Lieben and Lee De Forest independently developed the amplifier tube, called the triode.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.3771190643310547, "source": "wiki", "title": "Electrical engineering" }, { "answer": "Lee De Forest", "passage": "However actual amplification by a vacuum tube only became practical with Lee De Forest's 1907 invention of the three-terminal \"audion\" tube, a crude form of what was to become the triode. Being essentially the first electronic amplifier, such tubes were instrumental in long-distance telephony (such as the first coast-to-coast telephone line in the US) and public address systems, and introduced a far superior and versatile technology for use in radio transmitters and receivers. The electronics revolution of the 20th century arguably began with the invention of the triode vacuum tube.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 3.715776205062866, "source": "wiki", "title": "Vacuum tube" }, { "answer": "Lee De Forest", "passage": "However, it was Lee De Forest who is credited with inventing the triode tube in 1907 while continuing experiments to improve his original Audion tube, a crude forerunner of the triode. By placing an additional electrode between the filament (cathode) and plate (anode), he discovered the ability of the resulting device to amplify signals of all frequencies. As the voltage applied to the so-called control grid (or simply \"grid\") was lowered from the cathode's voltage to somewhat more negative voltages, the amount of current from the filament to the plate would be reduced. The negative electrostatic field created by the grid in the vicinity of the cathode would inhibit thermionic emission and reduce the current to the plate. Thus, a few volts' difference at the grid would make a large change in the plate current and could lead to a much larger voltage change at the plate; the result was voltage and power amplification. In 1908, De Forest filed for a patent () for such a three-electrode version of his original Audion tube for use as an electronic amplifier in radio communications. This eventually became known as the triode.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 4.040521144866943, "source": "wiki", "title": "Vacuum tube" }, { "answer": "Lee De Forest", "passage": "Lee De Forest, an American inventor, files for a patent on a triode, a three-electrode device he calls an Audion. He improves on Fleming’s diode by inserting a gridlike wire between the two elements in the vacuum tube, creating a sensitive receiver and amplifier of radio wave signals. The triode is used to improve sound in long-distance phone service, radios, televisions, sound on film, and eventually in modern applications such as computers and satellite transmitters.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.9160051345825195, "source": "search", "title": "Electronics Timeline - Greatest Engineering Achievements ..." }, { "answer": "Lee De Forest", "passage": "Lee De Forest", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.31944465637207, "source": "search", "title": "De Forest - definition of De Forest by The Free Dictionary" }, { "answer": "Lee De Forest", "passage": "Expanding on Fleming’s invention, American entrepreneur Lee De Forest puts a third wire, or grid, into a vacuum tube, creating a sensitive receiver. He calls his invention the \"Audion.\" In later experiments he feeds the Audion output back into its grid and finds that this regenerative circuit can transmit signals.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -10.360588073730469, "source": "search", "title": "Radio & Television Timeline - Greatest Engineering ..." }, { "answer": "Lee De Forest", "passage": "Columbia University electrical engineering student Edwin Howard Armstrong devises a regenerative circuit for the triode that amplifies radio signals. By pushing the current to the highest level of amplification, he also discovers the key to continuous-wave transmission, which becomes the basis for amplitude modulation (AM) radio. In a long patent suit with Lee De Forest, whose three-element Audion was the basis for Armstrong’s work, the courts eventually decide in favor of De Forest, but the scientific community credits Armstrong as the inventor of the regenerative circuit.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -2.9749059677124023, "source": "search", "title": "Radio & Television Timeline - Greatest Engineering ..." }, { "answer": "Lee De Forest", "passage": "Lee De Forest was born on August 26, 1873 in Iowa. His father was a minister and dreamed that his son would one day follow in his footsteps. The family moved to Alabama after his father was appointed president of Talladega College, a primarily black school.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.282514572143555, "source": "search", "title": "The Free Information Society - De Forest, Lee" }, { "answer": "Lee De Forest", "passage": "Lee De Forest died on June 30, 1961 in Hollywood and was buried in Los Angeles.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -11.392535209655762, "source": "search", "title": "The Free Information Society - De Forest, Lee" }, { "answer": "Lee De Forest", "passage": "In 1893, Nikola Tesla made the first public demonstration of radio communication. Addressing the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia and the National Electric Light Association, he described and demonstrated in detail the principles of radio communication. In 1896, Guglielmo Marconi made a wireless radio transmission and went on to develop a practical and widely used radio system. In 1905, John Fleming invented the first radio tube , the diode . One year later, in 1906, Robert von Lieben and Lee De Forest independently developed the amplifier tube, called the triode .", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.7091175317764282, "source": "search", "title": "Electronics engineering - Engineering - Wikia" }, { "answer": "Lee De Forest", "passage": "Electronics is often considered to have begun when Lee De Forest invented the vacuum tube in 1907 . Within 10 years, his device was used by radio transmitters and receivers as well as systems for long distance telephone calls . Vacuum tubes remained the preferred amplifying device for 40 years, until researchers working for William Shockley at Bell Labs invented the transistor in 1947 . In the following years, transistors made small portable radios , or transistor radios , possible as well as allowing more powerful mainframe computers to be built. Transistors were cooler, smaller and required lower voltages than vacuum tubes to work.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -3.1983957290649414, "source": "search", "title": "Electronics engineering - Engineering - Wikia" }, { "answer": "Lee De Forest", "passage": "In 1907, transcontinental telephone service became possible with Lee De Forest's patent of the triode, or three-element vacuum tube, which electronically amplifies signals.", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": 1.8109818696975708, "source": "search", "title": "CRC Press Online - News: Engineering Environmental ..." } ]

[ { "answer": "William DeVries", "passage": "The first clinical use of an artificial heart designed for permanent implantation rather than a bridge to transplant occurred in 1982 at the University of Utah. Artificial kidney pioneer Willem Johan Kolff started the Utah artificial organs program in 1967. There, physician-engineer Clifford Kwan-Gett invented two components of an integrated pneumatic artificial heart system: a ventricle with hemispherical diaphragms that did not crush red blood cells (a problem with previous artificial hearts) and an external heart driver that inherently regulated blood flow without needing complex control systems. Independently, Paul Winchell designed and patented a similarly shaped ventricle and donated the patent to the Utah program. Throughout the 1970s and early 1980s, veterinarian Donald Olsen led a series of calf experiments that refined the artificial heart and its surgical care. During that time, as a student at the University of Utah, Robert Jarvik combined several modifications: an ovoid shape to fit inside the human chest, a more blood-compatible polyurethane developed by biomedical engineer Donald Lyman, and a fabrication method by Kwan-Gett that made the inside of the ventricles smooth and seamless to reduce dangerous stroke-causing blood clots. On December 2, 1982, William DeVries implanted the artificial heart into retired dentist Barney Bailey Clark (born January 21, 1921), who survived 112 days with the device, dying on March 23, 1983. Bill Schroeder became the second recipient and lived for a record 620 days.", "precise_score": 6.542185306549072, "rough_score": 7.589718341827393, "source": "wiki", "title": "Artificial heart" }, { "answer": "William DeVries", "passage": "In 1981, William DeVries submitted a request to the FDA for permission to implant the Jarvik 7 into a human being. On December 2, 1982, Kolff implanted the Jarvik 7 artificial heart into Barney Clark, a dentist from Seattle who was suffering from severe congestive heart failure. Clark lived for 112 days tethered to an external pneumatic compressor, a device weighing some 400 lb, but during that time he suffered prolonged periods of confusion and a number of instances of bleeding, and asked several times to be allowed to die. ", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.321063995361328, "source": "wiki", "title": "Artificial heart" }, { "answer": "William DeVries", "passage": "Three important figures join Dr. Kolff's team: veterinarian Don Olsen (leads the implantation experiments on animals), medical engineer Robert Jarvik (designs various artificial heart types) and surgeon Dr. William DeVries (leads the process of shifting from animal to human implantation).", "precise_score": -100, "rough_score": -9.166889190673828, "source": "search", "title": "SynCardia Systems, Inc. - Artificial Heart Timeline" } ]