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Eutropoflavin | {
"id": [
7903804
],
"name": [
"Citation bot"
]
} | fbbuw9w03p261e788urlml7aq5796yg | 2023-12-03T22:50:43Z | 1,136,247,499 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Eutropoflavin** (**4'\\-Dimethylamino\\-7,8\\-dihydroxyflavone**) is a [synthetic](/wiki/Organic_compound%23Synthetic_compounds \"Organic compound#Synthetic compounds\") [flavone](/wiki/Flavone \"Flavone\") and [selective](/wiki/Binding_selectivity \"Binding selectivity\") [small\\-molecule](/wiki/Small-molecule \"Small-molecule\") [agonist](/wiki/Agonist \"Agonist\") of [TrkB](/wiki/TrkB \"TrkB\"), the main [receptor](/wiki/Receptor_%28biochemistry%29 \"Receptor (biochemistry)\") of [brain\\-derived neurotrophic factor](/wiki/Brain-derived_neurotrophic_factor \"Brain-derived neurotrophic factor\") (BDNF), which was derived from [structural modification](/wiki/Structural_modification \"Structural modification\") of [tropoflavin](/wiki/7%2C8-dihydroxyflavone \"7,8-dihydroxyflavone\") (7,8\\-DHF). Relative to tropoflavin, eutropoflavin possesses higher agonistic activity at TrkB, is significantly more potent than tropoflavin both *in vitro* and *in vivo*, and has a longer duration of action (peaking at 4 hours and \"partially decaying\" at 8\\~16 hours in rodents). The compound has been found to produce [neuroprotective](/wiki/Neuroprotective \"Neuroprotective\") and [neurogenic](/wiki/Neurogenic \"Neurogenic\") effects in the brain and spinal cord as well as [antidepressant](/wiki/Antidepressant \"Antidepressant\")\\-like effects in animals.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Tropomyosin receptor kinase B § Agonists](/wiki/Tropomyosin_receptor_kinase_B%23Agonists \"Tropomyosin receptor kinase B#Agonists\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Antidepressants](/wiki/Category:Antidepressants \"Antidepressants\")\n[Category:Flavones](/wiki/Category:Flavones \"Flavones\")\n[Category:Neuroprotective agents](/wiki/Category:Neuroprotective_agents \"Neuroprotective agents\")\n[Category:Nootropics](/wiki/Category:Nootropics \"Nootropics\")\n[Category:TrkB agonists](/wiki/Category:TrkB_agonists \"TrkB agonists\")\n\n"
]
} |
Ashlar Hall | {
"id": [
19297870
],
"name": [
"Kahtar"
]
} | dnelb908eezblt5wljzo6f1pumi91zg | 2024-06-30T04:49:04Z | 1,230,782,358 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Ashlar Hall** is a historic [mock castle](/wiki/Mock_castle \"Mock castle\") in [Memphis, Tennessee](/wiki/Memphis%2C_Tennessee \"Memphis, Tennessee\").\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nThe two\\-story mansion was completed in 1896\\. It was designed as a [mock castle](/wiki/Mock_castle \"Mock castle\"). The mansion was built for Robert Brinkley Snowden, a real estate developer who grew up at [Annesdale](/wiki/Annesdale \"Annesdale\").\n\nThe mansion was used as a restaurant by the 1950s.\n\nIt was listed on the [National Register of Historic Places](/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Shelby_County%2C_Tennessee \"National Register of Historic Places listings in Shelby County, Tennessee\") on January 13, 1983\\.\n\nIn the 1990s it was purchased by [Prince Mongo](/wiki/Prince_Mongo \"Prince Mongo\"), who opened it as a nightclub often referred to as 'Prince Mongo's Castle', before finally being closed as a nuisance in 2000\\.\n\nIn 2017 it was sold to a new owner who worked in construction, who had plans to renovate the building. It was then used in 2019 for an immersive theatre production “Rights of Spring”, by the Julia Hinson's theater group [Lost In Found](https://www.lostinfound901.com/past-events).\n\nBy 2023 it had been fully restored and was due to open as an events venue.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [National Register of Historic Places listings in Shelby County, Tennessee](/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Shelby_County%2C_Tennessee \"National Register of Historic Places listings in Shelby County, Tennessee\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Tennessee](/wiki/Category:Houses_on_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Tennessee \"Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Tennessee\")\n[Category:Houses completed in 1896](/wiki/Category:Houses_completed_in_1896 \"Houses completed in 1896\")\n[Category:Houses in Memphis, Tennessee](/wiki/Category:Houses_in_Memphis%2C_Tennessee \"Houses in Memphis, Tennessee\")\n[Category:Mock castles](/wiki/Category:Mock_castles \"Mock castles\")\n[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Memphis, Tennessee](/wiki/Category:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Memphis%2C_Tennessee \"National Register of Historic Places in Memphis, Tennessee\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Srimad Bhagavata Book 2 | {
"id": [
43283345
],
"name": [
"Cornmazes"
]
} | 0hawzys7xiac5ywthwixy5j05is6pvd | 2023-09-01T17:06:24Z | 874,675,416 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Chapter 1",
"Chapter 2",
"Chapter 3",
"Chapter 4",
"Chapter 5",
"Chapter 6",
"Chapter 7",
"Chapter 8",
"Chapter 9",
"Chapter 10",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\nThe [Srimad Bhagavata](/wiki/Bhagavata_Purana \"Bhagavata Purana\") is one of the main books of Hindu philosophy. The Bhagavata is a devotional account of the Supreme Being and His incarnations. The second book of the Srimad Bhagavata covers the creation of the universe according to [Hindu Mythology](/wiki/Hindu_Mythology \"Hindu Mythology\") and gives a summary of the Bhagavata. This book consists of 10 chapters. The Bhagavata is authored by Veda Vyasa and the source material for this summary is the translation presented by Swami Tapasyananda.Swami Tapasyananda. *Srimad Bhagavata* Additional material and analysis is included. Gita Press. *Srimadbhagavat Mahapurana*Gita Press. *Padmapurana*Gita Press. *Narada Purana*\n\nFor the events leading up to this point, see [Srimad Bhagavata Book 1](/wiki/Srimad_Bhagavata_Book_1 \"Srimad Bhagavata Book 1\").\n\n",
"Chapter 1\n---------\n\n* [Suka](/wiki/Shuka \"Shuka\") Rishi is very happy to hear Parikshit's question, as its answer will benefit mankind.\n* Suka Rishi tells [Parikshit](/wiki/Parikshit \"Parikshit\") that even though he was already completely established in the formless, infinite Atman, his mind was still attracted to [Narayana](/wiki/Narayana \"Narayana\")’s playful acts in His incarnations.\n\t+ This is an example of the power of Bhakti (devotion) to Narayana even over knowledge of the Atman.\n\t+ Whoever hears the Bhagavata with faith will through Bhakti reach the highest state.\n* Sri Suka explains to Parikshit the True purpose of life\n\t+ Life is for the attainment of the Spiritual Goal (not only material goals)\n\t+ Life is very short and should not be wasted\n\t+ Importance of meditation and renunciation in order to purify the mind.\n\t+ Beauty of the Bhagavata and story of [Vishnu](/wiki/Vishnu \"Vishnu\") and His playful acts.\n\t\t- This will lead to love of Vishnu.\n\t+ At least think of renunciation when Death is approaching.\n* Meditate on the cosmic form (Viratpurusha)\n\t+ Description of the cosmic form, each part represents something abstract.\n\t\t- For example, the Vedas are the top of Vishnu's head, and the wind is Vishnu's breath.\n\t+ All the worlds are parts of Vishnu's body.\n",
"Chapter 2\n---------\n\n* Importance of renunciation\n* Meditate on the form of Narayana in the space within the heart\n\t+ This form is similar to Vishnu's 4\\-armed form with the lotus, discus, mace, and conch\n\t+ One should meditate on the whole form until the mind is steady\n\t+ One should then meditate on each part of the Lord individually starting with the feet and going up to the face\n\t+ If an individual cannot do this, he/she can meditate on the entire universe as a form of the Lord (Viratrupa)\n* Gross substances are made of subtler substances\n\t+ This idea is one of the fundamental axioms of Hindu philosophy.\n\t+ For example, jewelry (a gross substance) is made of gold (a subtler substance)\n* One should raise the energy from the lower Chakra (Muladhara) all the way to the highest one (Brahmarandhra).\n* The idea of renunciation is to merge the gross senses/elements/organs into their subtler versions one by one until that (the Mahattattva, or great element) is merged in Prakriti. At this point the Jiva (individual) is one with Brahman, the Supreme.\n",
"Chapter 3\n---------\n\n* People who want a specific object or status should worship a specific deity.\n\t+ Worshipping [Brahma](/wiki/Brahma \"Brahma\") gives Vedic learning and powers\n\t+ Worshipping Sri ([Lakshmi](/wiki/Lakshmi \"Lakshmi\")) gives wealth\n* However, all the deities get their powers from the Supreme.\n* By worshipping the Supreme, one gets all their material and spiritual desires fulfilled.\n* The True purpose of life is to worship the Supreme and develop Bhakti (devotion).\n",
"Chapter 4\n---------\n\n* Parikshit asks Suka Rishi numerous questions about the Supreme, his power Maya (the power of illusion), and the knowledge of the Atman (soul)\n* Suka Rishi's praises of the Supreme\n\t+ Director of the creation, preservation, and dissolution of the universe\n\t+ One who gives all rewards (including liberation) and punishments\n\t+ Thinking of and worshipping the Supreme destroys all sins\n\t+ Having numerous self\\-willed incarnations for the good of all\n\t+ The creator of the Vedas\n\t+ Creates and lives in the bodies of all\n",
"Chapter 5\n---------\n\n* Narada believes that Brahma created the universe and praises Brahma as the Supreme, but wonders then why Brahma had to do great austerities\n* Brahma takes the opportunity to praise Vasudeva, the true creator of the universe, as the one even above Brahma\n* Brahma describes the creation of the universe:\n* Vishnu created Maya (the agent that causes people to associate the world of objects with themselves)\n* Vishnu is Himself unaffected by Maya\n* The existence of Maya led to the creation of matter, Kala (Time), Karma (the effects of actions on the future), Swabhava (Nature), and the Jiva (individual soul)\n* Everything is an aspect of Narayana\n* Even though the Iswara (Narayana) and Jiva (individual) are part of the same Atman (all\\-pervading spirit and life\\-force), Iswara knows the Truth about this and is free, while the Jiva thinks himself to be mortal, and is bound\n\t+ This idea is one of the key ideas of the philosophy taught in the Bhagavata.\n* This led to the creation of Mahattattva, which led to the creation of the subsequent categories.\n* The first of the categories is the 3 Gunas (or modes of nature). They are Sattva (good), Rajas (average), and Tamas (bad).\n* Ahankara (the ego) is mostly Tamas\n* The elements were evolved from Tamas in the following order\n\t+ Space (with the property of Sound)\n\t+ Wind (with the property of Touch)\n\t+ Fire (with the property of Sight)\n\t+ Water (with the property of Taste)\n\t+ Earth (with the property of Smell)\n\t+ This ordering describes how the gross elements evolved from the subtle elements.\n* The Manas (mind) was born out of the Sattva aspect of Ahankara\n* The Buddhi (intellect) and Prana (life\\-breath) were born out of the Rajas aspect of Ahankara\n\t+ From these come the sense organs and organs of action\n* The universe was created, but existed in an inert state.\n* Narayana entered into the universe, and gave it life\n* All the worlds are part of Narayana's universal form.\n",
"Chapter 6\n---------\n\n* Brahma continues explaining about Narayana's Universal Form to Narada\n* The Purusha is Narayana's Universal Form, which is described in Purusha Sukta\n* Each part of the Purusha is the original and complete prototype and contains all the related senses and objects.\n\t+ An infinitesimal part is found in the human body.\n* The Supreme is unaffected by all creation, and is in the ultimate state of Sat\\-Chit\\-Ananda (existence\\-knowledge\\-bliss).\n* Worldly life is restricted to the 3 worlds of Bhu (earth), Bhava (the intermediate regions), and Svah (Heaven)\n* There are 4 regions higher than this – these are achieved by the paths of knowledge and God\\-dedicated correct action\n* Vidya (knowledge of the Supreme) and Avidya (ignorance of the Spiritual Truth)\n\t+ Vidya leads to Moksha\n\t+ Avidya leads to being bound in the cycle of Samsara (worldly life)\n* All Yajna is an offering of the Purusha to the Purusha done by the Purusha\n\t+ The individual performing the Yajna, the materials involved, and the goal of the Yajna are all Purusha!\n* The Supreme directs Brahma to create the world\n",
"Chapter 7\n---------\n\n* Summary of the Narayana's Incarnations and glories told by Brahma to Narada Muni:\n* [Cosmic Boar](/wiki/Varahi \"Varahi\") – to rescue the Earth\n* Suyajna – removes the sufferings of all. For this, He is called Hari (the remover of sufferings).\n* Kapila Muni – to give the Supreme Knowledge (Sankyha philosophy)\n* [Dattatreya](/wiki/Dattatreya \"Dattatreya\") – the son of Rishi Atri and Anasuya\n* Sanaka, Sanandana, Sanatana, Sanatakumara – 4 sons of Brahma who are among the greatest of sages\n* Nara and Narayana – 2 great sages\n* Narayana came to help [Dhruva](/wiki/Dhruva \"Dhruva\") after his prayers\n* Prithu – a very good king who brought out multiple resources from the earth\n* Rishaba – a very great sage\n* [Hayagriva](/wiki/Hayagriva \"Hayagriva\") – with the neck of a horse\n* [Cosmic Fish](/wiki/Matsya \"Matsya\") – saved the earth during the deluge\n* [Divine Tortoise](/wiki/Kurma \"Kurma\") – during the churning of the ocean\n* [Man\\-lion](/wiki/Narasimha \"Narasimha\") – to help [Prahlada](/wiki/Prahlada \"Prahlada\") and destroy [Hiranyakasipu](/wiki/Hiranyakasipu \"Hiranyakasipu\")\n* To save the lordly elephant ([Gajendra](/wiki/Gajendra_Moksha \"Gajendra Moksha\"))\n* [Vamana](/wiki/Vamana \"Vamana\") – to win back the worlds from [Mahabali](/wiki/Mahabali \"Mahabali\") and give it to [Indra](/wiki/Indra \"Indra\")\n* Vishnu incarnates in each Manvantra to protect the [Manu](/wiki/Manu_%28Hinduism%29 \"Manu (Hinduism)\")\n* [Dhanvantari](/wiki/Dhanvantari \"Dhanvantari\") – cures men from diseases by the power of His name\n* [Parasurama](/wiki/Parasurama \"Parasurama\") – destroyed the rulers as they had become corrupt\n* Sri [Rama](/wiki/Rama \"Rama\") – to destroy Ravana and teach the worlds about righteous living\n* Narayana's incarnation as [Krishna](/wiki/Krishna \"Krishna\") is given special emphasis\n\t+ Summary of Krishna's deeds, especially His charming playful childhood mischief\n* Narayana's future incarnations\n* Narayana's powers, glories, and incarnations are infinite\n* Bhramaji concludes that whoever recites and/or hears about these incarnations of the Lord with faith and devotion, and enjoys thinking about the Lord's actions, will be free from Maya and eventually reach the Highest State\n",
"Chapter 8\n---------\n\n* Narayana quickly enters the heart of one who thinks of His glories constantly.\n\t+ This completely purifies the devotee.\n* Parikshit asks Sri Suka 20 questions whose answers form the Bhagavata:\n\t+ Nature of the Atman\n\t+ Difference between man and God\n\t+ Creation\n\t+ The result of actions\n\t+ Incarnations\n\t+ Duties\n\t+ Rituals\n",
"Chapter 9\n---------\n\n* [Maya](/wiki/Maya_%28illusion%29%23Hinduism \"Maya (illusion)#Hinduism\") (Narayana's illusory power) causes the Jiva to identify itself with the body\n* Brahma is unsure how to proceed with creation and hears Tapa, Tapa (Meditate! Meditate!)\n* Brahma meditates for many divine years and Vishnu appears\n* Brahma sees Vishnu's Realm ([Vaikuntha](/wiki/Vaikuntha \"Vaikuntha\")) where all beings have Vishnu's wonderful 4\\-armed form\n\t+ Vaikuntha is beyond constraints of worldly life (such as Time)\n\t+ Sri Devi lives in Vaikuntha constantly praising Vishnu\n* Tapas (Meditation) is the core of Vishnu's being\n* Everything is Vishnu\n* Brahma asks Vishnu for the knowledge of His powers and the creation of the universe\n* Brahma wants to understand how to proceed with the creation of the Universe (Brahma's duty) without having pride/attachment in his position and accomplishments\n* Vishnu teaches Brahma the Supreme Knowledge\n\t+ Only the Supreme exists before creation and after dissolution\n\t+ Maya is a reflection superimposed on the Atman without any reality of its own, which does not change the Atman in any way\n\t+ The elements combine into things but still keep their pure forms\n\t+ The Supreme creates the beings but is not bound by them in any way\n\t+ The Supreme Spirit creates and persists through everything, but is not affected by them and their destruction\n* The knowledge given in the Bhagavata comes from Narayana, who taught It to Brahma, who taught It to Narada (his son), who taught It to Maharishi Veda Vyasa, who taught It to Suka Rishi\n",
"Chapter 10\n----------\n\n* The Viratpurusha (Cosmic Person) created the Cosmic Waters in order to have a place to exist.\n\t+ Therefore, the Viratpurusha is known as Narayana, the one who rests in the water.\n* Description of the Gross Cosmic Form of Narayana\n* Every part of the Cosmic Form was formed with 4 entities:\n\t+ The place (such as the mouth)\n\t+ The organ (such as the tongue)\n\t+ The sense object (such as taste)\n\t+ The Deity (such as Varuna)\n* The first part to develop was the mouth, in order to satisfy hunger\n* Suka Rishi describes the creation of the categories in the creative cycle (Kalpa)\n\t+ More details will be given in the next book of the Bhagavata.\n\nFor the continuation of the Bhagavata, see [Srimad Bhagavata Book 3](/wiki/Srimad_Bhagavata_Book_3 \"Srimad Bhagavata Book 3\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Krishna](/wiki/Category:Krishna \"Krishna\")\n[Category:Puranas](/wiki/Category:Puranas \"Puranas\")\n[Category:Hindu texts](/wiki/Category:Hindu_texts \"Hindu texts\")\n[Category:Vaishnava texts](/wiki/Category:Vaishnava_texts \"Vaishnava texts\")\n\n"
]
} |
Michele D'Oppido | {
"id": [
9784415
],
"name": [
"Tom.Reding"
]
} | rxe4dp0ra2yh9fsifau7f85vi4ms0zk | 2024-10-01T12:48:49Z | 1,247,030,414 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Michele D'Oppido** (born 10 February 1949\\) is a retired Italian swimmer. He competed at the [1968 Summer Olympics](/wiki/1968_Summer_Olympics \"1968 Summer Olympics\") in the 100 m freestyle and 200 m and 400 m individual medley events, but failed to reach the finals. He finished fifth in the 200 m medley at the 1970 European Championships. His brother [Antonio](/wiki/Antonio_D%27Oppido \"Antonio D'Oppido\") was also a competitive swimmer.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1949 births](/wiki/Category:1949_births \"1949 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:People from Crotone](/wiki/Category:People_from_Crotone \"People from Crotone\")\n[Category:Olympic swimmers for Italy](/wiki/Category:Olympic_swimmers_for_Italy \"Olympic swimmers for Italy\")\n[Category:Swimmers at the 1968 Summer Olympics](/wiki/Category:Swimmers_at_the_1968_Summer_Olympics \"Swimmers at the 1968 Summer Olympics\")\n[Category:Italian male freestyle swimmers](/wiki/Category:Italian_male_freestyle_swimmers \"Italian male freestyle swimmers\")\n[Category:Italian male medley swimmers](/wiki/Category:Italian_male_medley_swimmers \"Italian male medley swimmers\")\n[Category:Sportspeople from the Province of Crotone](/wiki/Category:Sportspeople_from_the_Province_of_Crotone \"Sportspeople from the Province of Crotone\")\n[Category:Swimmers at the 1971 Mediterranean Games](/wiki/Category:Swimmers_at_the_1971_Mediterranean_Games \"Swimmers at the 1971 Mediterranean Games\")\n[Category:Mediterranean Games medalists in swimming](/wiki/Category:Mediterranean_Games_medalists_in_swimming \"Mediterranean Games medalists in swimming\")\n[Category:Mediterranean Games gold medalists for Italy](/wiki/Category:Mediterranean_Games_gold_medalists_for_Italy \"Mediterranean Games gold medalists for Italy\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Logansport High School | {
"id": [
15708
],
"name": [
"WhisperToMe"
]
} | k1xy96gdhuo2r58s0ao7b8isfc59lu0 | 2024-10-11T19:24:01Z | 1,227,992,368 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"Campus",
"Academics",
"Athletics",
"Notable alumni",
"See also",
"References",
"Bibliography",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Logansport Community High School** is a [high school](/wiki/High_school_%28North_America%29 \"High school (North America)\") located in [Logansport](/wiki/Logansport%2C_Indiana \"Logansport, Indiana\"), Indiana, USA. It is a part of the [Logansport Community School Corporation](/wiki/Logansport_Community_School_Corporation \"Logansport Community School Corporation\"). The first recorded [commencement](/wiki/Graduation \"Graduation\") took place in June 1871, at the Mesodian Opera House, with three graduates.\n\nThe majority of Logansport is in the school district, \\- [Text list](https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st18_in/schooldistrict_maps/c18017_cass/DC20SD_C18017_SD2MS.txt) of which this is the sole comprehensive high school.\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nHigh School classes had first been offered in Logansport, in 1863, at the New Seminary, which was a three\\-story stone building built on the corner of Broadway and Thirteenth Streets in 1848–1849\\. The first record of a high school commencement occurred on June 1, 1871\\.\n\nIn 1874, the Seminary was torn down with a new school, known as Central or Lincoln School, being built on the same site. This served as the high school until 1894, when the Roosevelt building, at the corner of Broadway and Seventh Streets, was used until 1913\\.\n\nLincoln School was razed in 1913, and what is now referred to as the \"Old\" Logansport High School was built between Thirteenth and Fourteenth Streets and Broadway and Market Streets. This building would serve for the next 60 years, until in 1967, it was decided that a new building would be needed.\n\nThe \"New\" Logansport High School, which opened in 1973, was relocated to the edge of town on an site.\n\n",
"Campus\n------\n\nThe new facility was split into four sections: an athletic wing, a student services wing, and two academic wings with classrooms. The athletic wing includes the new \"Berry Bowl\", the schools basketball court, with seating for 5,830, a six\\-lane swimming pool with seating for 400, standard locker room facilities and wrestling room. School offices, the cafeteria, and the library are all located in the student services section, which is centrally located in the middle of the facility. The academic wings have classrooms grouped into areas of study.\n\n[McHale Auditorium](/wiki/McHale_Auditorium \"McHale Auditorium\") was dedicated November 7, 1976\\. The auditorium was built with a $1,000,000 donation from [Frank McHale](/wiki/Frank_McHale \"Frank McHale\"), along with a $2,000,000 endowment for continued upkeep.\n\nAn [observatory](/wiki/Observatory \"Observatory\") was added in 1996, just south of the main building. Major renovation to the school occurred in 2002, with upgrades to classrooms, the construction of new science and special needs wings, new office facilities, and the New Century Career Center, which replaced EL\\-Tip\\-Wa Vocational School, that had been located in an old Pepsi Bottling Company warehouse at Sixth and Miami Streets.\n\n",
"Academics\n---------\n\n \nLHS is a part of the Logansport Community School Corporation and is accredited by [AdvancED](/wiki/AdvancED \"AdvancED\") and the [Indiana State Board of Education](/wiki/Indiana_State_Board_of_Education \"Indiana State Board of Education\").\n\nTen areas of [Advanced Placement Program](/wiki/Advanced_Placement_Program \"Advanced Placement Program\") (AP) classes are offered as well as Honor Courses and Dual Credit courses. For the 2015–2016 school year, Logansport's mean [SAT](/wiki/SAT \"SAT\") score was 1366 with the new SAT scoring system. The Indiana state mean was 1472, while the national mean was 1484\\.\n\nIn 2016, 36% of graduates received an Academic Honors Diploma and 52% earned a Core 40 diploma.\n\n",
"Athletics\n---------\n\n[left\\|thumb\\|Cheerleaders at a community parade.](/wiki/File:Shrine_Club_Frolic_and_Parade%2C_Logansport%2C_Indiana_%2825_August_2012%29_50.jpg \"Shrine Club Frolic and Parade, Logansport, Indiana (25 August 2012) 50.jpg\")\nLogansport High School is a charter member of the oldest sports conference in Indiana, the [North Central Conference](/wiki/North_Central_Conference_%28IHSAA%29 \"North Central Conference (IHSAA)\") of the [Indiana High School Athletic Association](/wiki/Indiana_High_School_Athletic_Association \"Indiana High School Athletic Association\") (IHSAA).\n\nLogansport High School offers 10 men's and 10 women's varsity sports, with all but soccer in the 4A, classification of IHSAA, soccer is 2A. Men's sports offered are basketball, baseball, cross country, track, American football, wrestling, tennis, golf, swimming, and soccer. Women's sports offered are basketball, softball, cross country, gymnastics, track, volleyball, tennis, golf, swimming, and soccer.\n\nIn 1934, Logansport High School won the Indiana High School Basketball championship.\nThe school won the IHSAA baseball championships in 1975, 1977, 1979, and 1991\\.\n\n",
"Notable alumni\n--------------\n\n* [Meredith \"Med\" Flory](/wiki/Med_Flory \"Med Flory\"), a 1944 graduate of LHS, was a [jazz](/wiki/Jazz \"Jazz\") saxophonist, bandleader, and television and film actor.\n* [Aaron Heilman](/wiki/Aaron_Heilman \"Aaron Heilman\"), a 1997 graduate of LHS, MLB pitcher.\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [List of high schools in Indiana](/wiki/List_of_high_schools_in_Indiana \"List of high schools in Indiana\")\n* [North Central Conference](/wiki/North_Central_Conference_%28IHSAA%29 \"North Central Conference (IHSAA)\")\n* [Logansport, Indiana](/wiki/Logansport%2C_Indiana \"Logansport, Indiana\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"Bibliography\n------------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:Public high schools in Indiana](/wiki/Category:Public_high_schools_in_Indiana \"Public high schools in Indiana\")\n[Category:Schools in Cass County, Indiana](/wiki/Category:Schools_in_Cass_County%2C_Indiana \"Schools in Cass County, Indiana\")\n[Category:Buildings and structures in Cass County, Indiana](/wiki/Category:Buildings_and_structures_in_Cass_County%2C_Indiana \"Buildings and structures in Cass County, Indiana\")\n[Category:Logansport, Indiana](/wiki/Category:Logansport%2C_Indiana \"Logansport, Indiana\")\n[Category:1871 establishments in Indiana](/wiki/Category:1871_establishments_in_Indiana \"1871 establishments in Indiana\")\n\n"
]
} |
Steph Cha | {
"id": [
9021902
],
"name": [
"FrescoBot"
]
} | q5g6hbk5yju28uagqxntpwh4f7e4glw | 2024-05-26T08:40:10Z | 1,213,845,058 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Background",
"Work",
"Novels",
"Other Writing",
"Bibliography",
"Novels",
"Juniper Song mysteries",
"Other novels",
"Short stories",
"Awards",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
3,
2,
3,
4,
4,
3,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Steph Cha** (born 1986\\) is a [Korean American](/wiki/Korean_Americans \"Korean Americans\") novelist and fiction writer, who has released three novels in the [crime fiction](/wiki/Crime_fiction \"Crime fiction\") genre about her detective protagonist Juniper Song: *Follow Her Home* (2013\\), *Beware Beware* (2014\\), and *Dead Soon Enough* (2015\\). Her most recent book, stand\\-alone crime fiction novel *Your House Will Pay* (2019\\), won the [*Los Angeles Times* Book Prize for Mystery](/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times_Book_Prize_for_Mystery/Thriller \"Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Mystery/Thriller\").\n\n",
"Background\n----------\n\nCha was born in [Van Nuys, California](/wiki/Van_Nuys%2C_California \"Van Nuys, California\") in 1986\\. She subsequently grew up in [Encino, California](/wiki/Encino%2C_California \"Encino, California\") with her mother, father and two younger brothers. She attended [Harvard\\-Westlake School](/wiki/Harvard-Westlake_School \"Harvard-Westlake School\") in [Studio City](/wiki/Studio_City%2C_Los_Angeles \"Studio City, Los Angeles\").*Id.* Cha graduated from [Stanford University](/wiki/Stanford_University \"Stanford University\"), where she studied English and East Asian Studies, and also completed a [Juris Doctor](/wiki/Juris_Doctor \"Juris Doctor\") degree from [Yale Law School](/wiki/Yale_Law_School \"Yale Law School\").\n\n",
"Work\n----\n\n### Novels\n\nIn 2013, Cha published her first Juniper Song mystery, *Follow Her Home* (2013\\) with Minotaur Books, an imprint of [St. Martin's Press](/wiki/St._Martin%27s_Press \"St. Martin's Press\") and [Macmillan Publishers](/wiki/Macmillan_Publishers \"Macmillan Publishers\"). The book has received positive reviews from the *[Los Angeles Times](/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times \"Los Angeles Times\")*, *[Kirkus Reviews](/wiki/Kirkus_Reviews \"Kirkus Reviews\")*, *[Publishers Weekly](/wiki/Publishers_Weekly \"Publishers Weekly\")*, *[Library Journal](/wiki/Library_Journal \"Library Journal\")*, *[Hyphen](/wiki/Hyphen_%28magazine%29 \"Hyphen (magazine)\")*, *[KoreAm Journal](/wiki/KoreAm \"KoreAm\")*, and other publications.Macmillan Publishers, Follow Her Home, [Macmillan](http://us.macmillan.com/followherhome/stephcha) The sequel *Beware Beware* (2014\\) was published the following year in 2014, also by Minotaur Books.Macmillan Publishers, Beware Beware, [Macmillan](http://us.macmillan.com/bewarebeware/stephcha) The third novel in the series, *Dead Soon Enough* was published by Minotaur Books in 2015\\.Macmillan Publishers, Dead Soon Enough, [Macmillan](http://us.macmillan.com/deadsoonenough/stephcha)\n\n### Other Writing\n\nCha also has published freelance book reviews and food writing for the *[Los Angeles Times](/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times \"Los Angeles Times\")* (serving as a restaurant scout and a protégé of sorts for *LA Times*' [Pulitzer Prize](/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_Criticism \"Pulitzer Prize for Criticism\") winning food critic [Jonathan Gold](/wiki/Jonathan_Gold \"Jonathan Gold\")),Sabra Embury, THE RUMPUS INTERVIEW WITH STEPH CHA, The Rumpus, January 2, 2015, [Therumpus.net](http://therumpus.net/2015/01/the-rumpus-interview-with-steph-cha/) humor pieces for *Trop Magazine* and a short story entitled \"Treasures in Heaven\" in the Winter 2013 Fiction Issue of the *[Los Angeles Review of Books](/wiki/Los_Angeles_Review_of_Books \"Los Angeles Review of Books\")*.Steph Cha, Official Site, Bio, supra n.1Steph Cha, Other Writing, [Bystepcha.wordpress.com](https://bystephcha.wordpress.com/other-writing/)\n\nCha has also written more than 2,400 reviews on [Yelp](/wiki/Yelp \"Yelp\"), according to a *Los Angeles Times* interview,Ivy Pochoda, Steph Cha talks about the L.A. immigrant noir of 'Dead Soon Enough', August 11, 2015, [Los Angeles Times](http://www.latimes.com/books/jacketcopy/la-et-jc-steph-cha-20150810-story.html) and has held the \"Elite\" reviewer title for more than six years in a row, according to an interview with *[The Rumpus](/wiki/The_Rumpus \"The Rumpus\")*.\n\n",
"### Novels\n\nIn 2013, Cha published her first Juniper Song mystery, *Follow Her Home* (2013\\) with Minotaur Books, an imprint of [St. Martin's Press](/wiki/St._Martin%27s_Press \"St. Martin's Press\") and [Macmillan Publishers](/wiki/Macmillan_Publishers \"Macmillan Publishers\"). The book has received positive reviews from the *[Los Angeles Times](/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times \"Los Angeles Times\")*, *[Kirkus Reviews](/wiki/Kirkus_Reviews \"Kirkus Reviews\")*, *[Publishers Weekly](/wiki/Publishers_Weekly \"Publishers Weekly\")*, *[Library Journal](/wiki/Library_Journal \"Library Journal\")*, *[Hyphen](/wiki/Hyphen_%28magazine%29 \"Hyphen (magazine)\")*, *[KoreAm Journal](/wiki/KoreAm \"KoreAm\")*, and other publications.Macmillan Publishers, Follow Her Home, [Macmillan](http://us.macmillan.com/followherhome/stephcha) The sequel *Beware Beware* (2014\\) was published the following year in 2014, also by Minotaur Books.Macmillan Publishers, Beware Beware, [Macmillan](http://us.macmillan.com/bewarebeware/stephcha) The third novel in the series, *Dead Soon Enough* was published by Minotaur Books in 2015\\.Macmillan Publishers, Dead Soon Enough, [Macmillan](http://us.macmillan.com/deadsoonenough/stephcha)\n\n",
"### Other Writing\n\nCha also has published freelance book reviews and food writing for the *[Los Angeles Times](/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times \"Los Angeles Times\")* (serving as a restaurant scout and a protégé of sorts for *LA Times*' [Pulitzer Prize](/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_Criticism \"Pulitzer Prize for Criticism\") winning food critic [Jonathan Gold](/wiki/Jonathan_Gold \"Jonathan Gold\")),Sabra Embury, THE RUMPUS INTERVIEW WITH STEPH CHA, The Rumpus, January 2, 2015, [Therumpus.net](http://therumpus.net/2015/01/the-rumpus-interview-with-steph-cha/) humor pieces for *Trop Magazine* and a short story entitled \"Treasures in Heaven\" in the Winter 2013 Fiction Issue of the *[Los Angeles Review of Books](/wiki/Los_Angeles_Review_of_Books \"Los Angeles Review of Books\")*.Steph Cha, Official Site, Bio, supra n.1Steph Cha, Other Writing, [Bystepcha.wordpress.com](https://bystephcha.wordpress.com/other-writing/)\n\nCha has also written more than 2,400 reviews on [Yelp](/wiki/Yelp \"Yelp\"), according to a *Los Angeles Times* interview,Ivy Pochoda, Steph Cha talks about the L.A. immigrant noir of 'Dead Soon Enough', August 11, 2015, [Los Angeles Times](http://www.latimes.com/books/jacketcopy/la-et-jc-steph-cha-20150810-story.html) and has held the \"Elite\" reviewer title for more than six years in a row, according to an interview with *[The Rumpus](/wiki/The_Rumpus \"The Rumpus\")*.\n\n",
"Bibliography\n------------\n\n### Novels\n\n#### Juniper Song mysteries\n\n#### Other novels\n\n### Short stories\n\n* \"Treasures in Heaven\" (*[Los Angeles Review of Books](/wiki/Los_Angeles_Review_of_Books \"Los Angeles Review of Books\")*, Winter 2013\\)\n",
"### Novels\n\n#### Juniper Song mysteries\n\n#### Other novels\n\n",
"#### Juniper Song mysteries\n\n",
"#### Other novels\n\n",
"### Short stories\n\n* \"Treasures in Heaven\" (*[Los Angeles Review of Books](/wiki/Los_Angeles_Review_of_Books \"Los Angeles Review of Books\")*, Winter 2013\\)\n",
"Awards\n------\n\n| Year | Title | Award | Category | Result | Ref |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 2019 | *Your House Will Pay* | [Anthony Awards](/wiki/Anthony_Awards \"Anthony Awards\") | [Anthony–Novel](/wiki/Anthony_Awards \"Anthony Awards\") | | |\n| [Aspen Words Literary Prize](/wiki/Aspen_Words_Literary_Prize \"Aspen Words Literary Prize\") | — | | |\n| [Barry Award](/wiki/Barry_Award_%28crime_novel_prize%29 \"Barry Award (crime novel prize)\") | Barry–Novel | | |\n| [Dagger Award](/wiki/Gold_Dagger \"Gold Dagger\") | [New Blood Dagger Award](/wiki/New_Blood_Dagger_Award \"New Blood Dagger Award\") | | |\n| [Lefty Award](/wiki/Left_Coast_Crime \"Left Coast Crime\") | Lefty–Novel | | |\n| [*Los Angeles Times* Book Prize](/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times_Book_Prize \"Los Angeles Times Book Prize\") | [*LAT*–Mystery/Thriller](/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times_Book_Prize_for_Mystery/Thriller \"Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Mystery/Thriller\") | | |\n| [Macavity Award](/wiki/Macavity_Awards \"Macavity Awards\") | Macavity–Novel | | |\n| [Young Lions Fiction Award](/wiki/Young_Lions_Fiction_Award \"Young Lions Fiction Award\") | — | | |\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Steph Cha's Official Site](http://stephcha.com/)\n* [Steph Cha Interview in the LA Times](http://www.latimes.com/books/jacketcopy/la-et-jc-steph-cha-20150810-story.html)\n* [Steph Cha Interview in The Rumpus](http://therumpus.net/2015/01/the-rumpus-interview-with-steph-cha/)\n* [MacMillan Author Page for Steph Cha](http://us.macmillan.com/author/stephcha)\n\n[Category:Stanford University alumni](/wiki/Category:Stanford_University_alumni \"Stanford University alumni\")\n[Category:Yale Law School alumni](/wiki/Category:Yale_Law_School_alumni \"Yale Law School alumni\")\n[Category:21st\\-century American novelists](/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_novelists \"21st-century American novelists\")\n[Category:American writers of Korean descent](/wiki/Category:American_writers_of_Korean_descent \"American writers of Korean descent\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:1986 births](/wiki/Category:1986_births \"1986 births\")\n[Category:American novelists of Asian descent](/wiki/Category:American_novelists_of_Asian_descent \"American novelists of Asian descent\")\n[Category:21st\\-century American women writers](/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_women_writers \"21st-century American women writers\")\n\n"
]
} |
Franklin Creek (South Dakota) | {
"id": [
37991216
],
"name": [
"1ctinus"
]
} | ec7hp2jhsfz1s3318dgcurkmhk7cf9c | 2024-08-06T17:31:01Z | 994,211,320 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n**Franklin Creek** is a [stream](/wiki/Stream \"Stream\") in the [U.S. state](/wiki/U.S._state \"U.S. state\") of [South Dakota](/wiki/South_Dakota \"South Dakota\").\n\nFranklin Creek was named after a local cattleman.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [List of rivers of South Dakota](/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_South_Dakota \"List of rivers of South Dakota\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Rivers of Jackson County, South Dakota](/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Jackson_County%2C_South_Dakota \"Rivers of Jackson County, South Dakota\")\n[Category:Rivers of South Dakota](/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_South_Dakota \"Rivers of South Dakota\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Richard and Mettie Ealy House | {
"id": [
4071608
],
"name": [
"WereSpielChequers"
]
} | lolyjt7shuja1l761amiplw6c0fidvw | 2024-10-16T08:51:21Z | 1,172,561,349 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **Richard and Mettie Ealy House** is a historic house at 280 Solomon Grove Road in [Twin Groves, Arkansas](/wiki/Twin_Groves%2C_Arkansas \"Twin Groves, Arkansas\"). It is a single story masonry structure, built out of [sandstone](/wiki/Sandstone \"Sandstone\") with cream\\-colored brick trim. It has a cross\\-[gable roof](/wiki/Gable_roof \"Gable roof\") configuration, and a recessed porch with an arcade of rounded arches. It was built in 1942, replacing a wood\\-frame home destroyed by fire. It was built by Silas Owens, Sr., a local master mason, for his first cousin and wife.\n\nThe house was listed on the [National Register of Historic Places](/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places \"National Register of Historic Places\") in 2005\\.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [National Register of Historic Places listings in Faulkner County, Arkansas](/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Faulkner_County%2C_Arkansas \"National Register of Historic Places listings in Faulkner County, Arkansas\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Arkansas](/wiki/Category:Houses_on_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Arkansas \"Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Arkansas\")\n[Category:Houses completed in 1942](/wiki/Category:Houses_completed_in_1942 \"Houses completed in 1942\")\n[Category:Houses in Faulkner County, Arkansas](/wiki/Category:Houses_in_Faulkner_County%2C_Arkansas \"Houses in Faulkner County, Arkansas\")\n[Category:1942 establishments in Arkansas](/wiki/Category:1942_establishments_in_Arkansas \"1942 establishments in Arkansas\")\n[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Faulkner County, Arkansas](/wiki/Category:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Faulkner_County%2C_Arkansas \"National Register of Historic Places in Faulkner County, Arkansas\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Nils Kåre Jacobsen | {
"id": [
1189543
],
"name": [
"Simeon"
]
} | glpwxocgydswpsqwkmkdw8yw8wwg5vl | 2022-01-19T20:01:17Z | 1,065,828,779 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Nils Kåre Jacobsen** (20 February 1929 – 30 October 2008\\) was a Norwegian publisher.\n\nHe was born in [Bergen](/wiki/Bergen \"Bergen\") to Oscar Jacobsen and Ragna Walde, and married Berit Scherven in 1957\\. He died in [Bærum](/wiki/B%C3%A6rum \"Bærum\") in 2008\\.\n\nJacobsen graduated from the [Norwegian School of Economics](/wiki/Norwegian_School_of_Economics \"Norwegian School of Economics\") in 1951\\. He was manager of the publishing house [Gyldendal Norsk Forlag](/wiki/Gyldendal_Norsk_Forlag \"Gyldendal Norsk Forlag\") from 1990 to 1995\\. He was member of the board of the [Norwegian Publishers' Association](/wiki/Norwegian_Publishers%27_Association \"Norwegian Publishers' Association\") from 1962 to 1972, and from 1990 to 1995\\. He was chairman of the board of *De norske Bokklubbene*, [Kunnskapsforlaget](/wiki/Kunnskapsforlaget \"Kunnskapsforlaget\") and [Tiden Norsk Forlag](/wiki/Tiden_Norsk_Forlag \"Tiden Norsk Forlag\"). Among his books are *Med Rieber gjennom 75 år* (1954\\), *Bak kobberdøren. Gyldendal 1925–1975* from 1975, and biographies on [Sigurd Hoel](/wiki/Sigurd_Hoel \"Sigurd Hoel\"), [Harald Grieg](/wiki/Harald_Grieg \"Harald Grieg\") and [Agnar Mykle](/wiki/Agnar_Mykle \"Agnar Mykle\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1929 births](/wiki/Category:1929_births \"1929 births\")\n[Category:2008 deaths](/wiki/Category:2008_deaths \"2008 deaths\")\n[Category:Businesspeople from Bergen](/wiki/Category:Businesspeople_from_Bergen \"Businesspeople from Bergen\")\n[Category:Norwegian publishers (people)](/wiki/Category:Norwegian_publishers_%28people%29 \"Norwegian publishers (people)\")\n[Category:Norwegian School of Economics alumni](/wiki/Category:Norwegian_School_of_Economics_alumni \"Norwegian School of Economics alumni\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Cryptolechia eucharistis | {
"id": [
12360419
],
"name": [
"Scorpions13256"
]
} | 4mkx0nmbnqrx9jpatcaow5svdiiu477 | 2022-06-11T20:53:25Z | 1,070,316,518 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Cryptolechia eucharistis*** is a [moth](/wiki/Moth \"Moth\") in the family [Depressariidae](/wiki/Depressariidae \"Depressariidae\"). It was described by [Edward Meyrick](/wiki/Edward_Meyrick \"Edward Meyrick\") in 1931\\. It is found in [Argentina](/wiki/Argentina \"Argentina\").[*Cryptolechia*](http://www.nic.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/gelechioidea/depressariidae/cryptolechiinae/cryptolechia/) at Markku Savela's *Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms*.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Moths described in 1931](/wiki/Category:Moths_described_in_1931 \"Moths described in 1931\")\n[Category:Cryptolechia (moth)](/wiki/Category:Cryptolechia_%28moth%29 \"Cryptolechia (moth)\")\n[Category:Taxa named by Edward Meyrick](/wiki/Category:Taxa_named_by_Edward_Meyrick \"Taxa named by Edward Meyrick\")\n\n"
]
} |
Fujiwara no Takasuke | {
"id": [
237572
],
"name": [
"GünniX"
]
} | ezsklcw8hhiidl0vkx1hmxyfs724dym | 2023-01-01T10:08:29Z | 1,130,496,624 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Fujiwara no Takasuke** (藤原隆祐 died 1251\\) was a *[waka](/wiki/Waka_%28poetry%29 \"Waka (poetry)\")* poet and Japanese nobleman active in the [Heian period](/wiki/Heian_period \"Heian period\") and [Kamakura period](/wiki/Kamakura_period \"Kamakura period\"). He is designated as a member of the .\n\nHe was the son of [Fujiwara no Nagataka](/wiki/Fujiwara_no_nagataka \"Fujiwara no nagataka\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [E\\-text of his poems](http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/~sg2h-ymst/yamatouta/sennin/takasuke.html) in Japanese\n\n[Category:Japanese poets](/wiki/Category:Japanese_poets \"Japanese poets\")\n[Category:Fujiwara clan](/wiki/Category:Fujiwara_clan \"Fujiwara clan\")\n[Category:1251 deaths](/wiki/Category:1251_deaths \"1251 deaths\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Irene Stelling | {
"id": [
27823944
],
"name": [
"GreenC bot"
]
} | auyqt4pxoamvbm9sle6g8mqc8hfj6ow | 2024-09-16T17:00:27Z | 1,245,918,231 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Irene Stelling** (born 25 July 1971\\) is a Danish former [football](/wiki/Association_football \"Association football\") [forward](/wiki/Forward_%28association_football%29 \"Forward (association football)\"). She played for the [Denmark women's national football team](/wiki/Denmark_women%27s_national_football_team \"Denmark women's national football team\") at the [1991 FIFA Women's World Cup](/wiki/1991_FIFA_Women%27s_World_Cup \"1991 FIFA Women's World Cup\"), and [1996 Summer Olympics](/wiki/Football_at_the_1996_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_tournament \"Football at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament\").\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Denmark at the 1996 Summer Olympics](/wiki/Denmark_at_the_1996_Summer_Olympics \"Denmark at the 1996 Summer Olympics\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Women's Olympic Rosters](http://www.socceramerica.com/article/16065/womens-olympic-rosters.html) Soccer America, 18 July 1996\n* [https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/sports/1995/06/04/womens\\-world\\-cup\\-95\\-sweden/ad46f472\\-3c83\\-4128\\-b2f5\\-eb87ffcad7ec/](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/sports/1995/06/04/womens-world-cup-95-sweden/ad46f472-3c83-4128-b2f5-eb87ffcad7ec/)\n* [http://www.socceramerica.com/article/14681/college\\-nscaaumbro\\-division\\-i\\-womens\\-all\\-americ.html](http://www.socceramerica.com/article/14681/college-nscaaumbro-division-i-womens-all-americ.html)\n* [Hartford Courant](http://articles.courant.com/1995-02-03/sports/9502030380_1_fifa-women-s-world-championship-women-s-soccer-national-teams)\n* <https://issuu.com/hartfordhawks/docs/2010_guide/56>\n\n[Category:1971 births](/wiki/Category:1971_births \"1971 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Danish women's footballers](/wiki/Category:Danish_women%27s_footballers \"Danish women's footballers\")\n[Category:Denmark women's international footballers](/wiki/Category:Denmark_women%27s_international_footballers \"Denmark women's international footballers\")\n[Category:Place of birth missing (living people)](/wiki/Category:Place_of_birth_missing_%28living_people%29 \"Place of birth missing (living people)\")\n[Category:Footballers at the 1996 Summer Olympics](/wiki/Category:Footballers_at_the_1996_Summer_Olympics \"Footballers at the 1996 Summer Olympics\")\n[Category:VSK Aarhus (women) players](/wiki/Category:VSK_Aarhus_%28women%29_players \"VSK Aarhus (women) players\")\n[Category:Olympic footballers for Denmark](/wiki/Category:Olympic_footballers_for_Denmark \"Olympic footballers for Denmark\")\n[Category:Women's association football forwards](/wiki/Category:Women%27s_association_football_forwards \"Women's association football forwards\")\n[Category:Expatriate women's soccer players in the United States](/wiki/Category:Expatriate_women%27s_soccer_players_in_the_United_States \"Expatriate women's soccer players in the United States\")\n[Category:Hartford Hawks women's soccer players](/wiki/Category:Hartford_Hawks_women%27s_soccer_players \"Hartford Hawks women's soccer players\")\n[Category:1991 FIFA Women's World Cup players](/wiki/Category:1991_FIFA_Women%27s_World_Cup_players \"1991 FIFA Women's World Cup players\")\n[Category:Elitedivisionen players](/wiki/Category:Elitedivisionen_players \"Elitedivisionen players\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Flumexadol | {
"id": [
96647
],
"name": [
"Dgpop"
]
} | o2pptl7grbm1g4mcvwo4hs633dvliq2 | 2024-10-14T20:26:59Z | 1,204,969,449 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Synthesis",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Flumexadol** ([INN](/wiki/International_Nonproprietary_Name \"International Nonproprietary Name\")) (developmental code name **CERM\\-1841** or **1841\\-CERM**) is a [drug](/wiki/Drug \"Drug\") described and researched as a non\\-[opioid](/wiki/Opioid \"Opioid\") [analgesic](/wiki/Analgesic \"Analgesic\") which was never marketed. It has been found to act as an [agonist](/wiki/Receptor_agonist \"Receptor agonist\") of the [serotonin](/wiki/Serotonin \"Serotonin\") [5\\-HT1A](/wiki/5-HT1A_receptor \"5-HT1A receptor\") (pKi \\= 7\\.1\\) and [5\\-HT2C](/wiki/5-HT2C_receptor \"5-HT2C receptor\") (pKi \\= 7\\.5\\) [receptors](/wiki/Receptor_%28biochemistry%29 \"Receptor (biochemistry)\") and, to a much lesser extent, of the [5\\-HT2A](/wiki/5-HT2A_receptor \"5-HT2A receptor\") (pKi \\= 6\\.0\\) receptor. According to Nilsson (2006\\) in a paper on 5\\-HT2C receptor agonists as potential [anorectics](/wiki/Anorectic \"Anorectic\"), \"The (\\+)\\-enantiomer of this compound showed \\[...] affinity for the 5\\-HT2C receptor (Ki) 25 nM) \\[...] and was 40\\-fold selective over the 5\\-HT2A receptor in receptor binding studies. The racemic version \\[...], also known as 1841 CERM, was originally reported to possess analgesic properties while no association with 5\\-HT2C receptor activity was mentioned.\" It is implied that flumexadol might be employable as an anorectic in addition to analgesic. Though flumexadol itself has never been approved for medical use, [oxaflozane](/wiki/Oxaflozane \"Oxaflozane\") (brand name Conflictan) is a [prodrug](/wiki/Prodrug \"Prodrug\") of the compound that was formerly used clinically in [France](/wiki/France \"France\") as an [antidepressant](/wiki/Antidepressant \"Antidepressant\") and [anxiolytic](/wiki/Anxiolytic \"Anxiolytic\") agent.\n\n",
"Synthesis\n---------\n\n[thumb\\|center\\|500px\\|[Thieme](https://pharmaceutical-substances.thieme.com/ps/search-results?docUri=KD-15-0028) Synthesis: Patent:](/wiki/File:Flumexadol_synthesis.svg \"Flumexadol synthesis.svg\") \n\nEx 1: Halogenation of 2\\-chloro ethyl vinyl ether \\[110\\-75\\-8] (**1**) with molecular bromine gives 1,2\\-dibromo\\-1\\-(2\\-chloroethoxy)ethane \\[14689\\-94\\-2] (**2**). [Grignard reaction](/wiki/Grignard_reaction \"Grignard reaction\") with 3\\-bromobenzotrifluoride \\[401\\-78\\-5] (**3**) gives 1\\-\\[2\\-Bromo\\-1\\-(2\\-chloroethoxy)ethyl]\\-3\\-(trifluoromethyl)benzene, [CID:12343529](https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/12343529) (**4**).\n\nEx 4: Treatment with benzylamine gives 4\\-benzyl\\-2\\-\\[3\\-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl]morpholine, [CID:213531](https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/213531) (**5**).\n\nEx 6: Catalytric hydrogenation strips the benzyl protecting group completing the synthesis of flumexadol (**6**).\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Oxaflozane](/wiki/Oxaflozane \"Oxaflozane\")\n* [Befiradol](/wiki/Befiradol \"Befiradol\")\n* [Fenfluramine](/wiki/Fenfluramine \"Fenfluramine\")\n* [Fludorex](/wiki/Fludorex \"Fludorex\")\n* [Fluminorex](/wiki/Fluminorex \"Fluminorex\")\n* [TFMPP](/wiki/Trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine \"Trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:5\\-HT1A agonists](/wiki/Category:5-HT1A_agonists \"5-HT1A agonists\")\n[Category:5\\-HT2A agonists](/wiki/Category:5-HT2A_agonists \"5-HT2A agonists\")\n[Category:5\\-HT2C agonists](/wiki/Category:5-HT2C_agonists \"5-HT2C agonists\")\n[Category:Analgesics](/wiki/Category:Analgesics \"Analgesics\")\n[Category:Anorectics](/wiki/Category:Anorectics \"Anorectics\")\n[Category:Antidepressants](/wiki/Category:Antidepressants \"Antidepressants\")\n[Category:Anxiolytics](/wiki/Category:Anxiolytics \"Anxiolytics\")\n[Category:Phenylmorpholines](/wiki/Category:Phenylmorpholines \"Phenylmorpholines\")\n[Category:Trifluoromethyl compounds](/wiki/Category:Trifluoromethyl_compounds \"Trifluoromethyl compounds\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Rewilding Europe | {
"id": [
461300
],
"name": [
"C.Fred"
]
} | 8w6n40tw9gcrl684olcmau0hibxx07d | 2024-08-19T03:04:17Z | 1,240,338,594 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"Locations",
"Greater Côa Valley rewilding area",
"Danube Delta rewilding area",
"Southern Carpathians rewilding area",
"Velebit rewilding area",
"Central Apennines rewilding area",
"The Rhodope Mountains rewilding area",
"Oder Delta rewilding area",
"Swedish Lapland rewilding area",
"Affric Highlands of Scotland",
"Iberian Highlands",
"Rewilding Europe tools",
"European Rewilding Network",
"Rewilding Europe Capital",
"European Wildlife Bank",
"Rewilding Europe policy work",
"Rewilding Europe publications",
"Rewilding Europe's Work with Universities",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
2,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Rewilding Europe** is a [non\\-profit organization](/wiki/Nonprofit_organization \"Nonprofit organization\") based in [Nijmegen](/wiki/Nijmegen \"Nijmegen\"), the [Netherlands](/wiki/Netherlands \"Netherlands\"), dedicated to creating [rewilded](/wiki/Rewilding_%28conservation_biology%29 \"Rewilding (conservation biology)\") landscapes throughout Europe. The group's efforts have contributed to increasing the stock of previously [endangered](/wiki/Endangered_species \"Endangered species\") species such as the [European bison](/wiki/European_bison \"European bison\") and the [Iberian lynx](/wiki/Iberian_lynx \"Iberian lynx\").\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nRewilding Europe was formally established on June 28, 2011, as an independent, non\\-profit foundation (ANBI status) registered in the [Netherlands](/wiki/Netherlands \"Netherlands\"). The four co\\-founders of Rewilding Europe are Frans Schepers,[Rewilding in a European Context](https://www.geog.ox.ac.uk/staff/Schepers_Jepson_Aug2016IJW.pdf) p.30 FRANS SCHEPERS and PAUL JEPSON *www.geog.ox.ac.uk*, accessed 2 July 2021 [Staffan Widstrand](/wiki/Staffan_Widstrand \"Staffan Widstrand\"),[About](https://www.staffanwidstrand.se/about) *www.staffanwidstrand.se*, accessed 2 July 2021 Neil Birnie,[Rewilding is not about keeping people out of nature, but bringing them back together\\- Nature and humans working in unison](https://www.adaptnetwork.com/planet/environment/rewilding-bringing-nature-people-back-together/) Nicholas Harvey 24 April 2017 *www.adaptnetwork.com*, accessed 2 July 2021 and Wouter Helmer.[CANA Foundation has recently announced that Wouter Helmer...](https://canafoundation.org/canafoundation/cana-foundation-appoints-wouter-helmer-to-science-advisory-board/) 2021 *canafoundation.org*, accessed 2 July 2021\n\nThe organization has received funding from the [European Investment Bank](/wiki/European_Investment_Bank \"European Investment Bank\") and the Endangered Landscapes Programme.\n\n",
"Locations\n---------\n\nRewilding Europe is actively engaged in ten rewilding areas located in 12 European countries.\n\n### Greater Côa Valley rewilding area\n\nThe Greater Côa Valley rewilding area is located in [Portugal](/wiki/Portugal \"Portugal\"), in the [Côa Valley**,**](/wiki/C%C3%B4a_Valley \"Côa Valley\") along the border with [Spain](/wiki/Spain \"Spain\"). Here, Rewilding Europe is trying to increase the number of semi\\-wild [livestock**,**](/wiki/Livestock \"Livestock\") such as feral horses and cows. Due to depopulation and land abandonment, there has been a significant decrease in grazing, which has caused [natural succession](/wiki/Ecological_succession \"Ecological succession\") and more plant cover in the landscapes. The organization promotes grazing as a tool to lower the risk of fire. The organization claims more \"wild\" livestock will lead to more diverse \"mosaic landscapes\", which may improve conditions for populations of [roe deer](/wiki/Roe_deer \"Roe deer\") and other species**,** including some that are extinct in the region**,** such as the [Iberian ibex](/wiki/Iberian_ibex \"Iberian ibex\"). Besides the promotion of [conservation grazing](/wiki/Conservation_grazing \"Conservation grazing\"), the organization is also occupied with promoting [ecotourism](/wiki/Ecotourism \"Ecotourism\"), advocacy to convince the Portuguese government to set aside more land to create a [biological corridor](/wiki/Biological_corridor \"Biological corridor\"), and a project to increase the number of [wolves](/wiki/Wolf \"Wolf\") in the area.\n\n### Danube Delta rewilding area\n\nThe 580,000\\-hectare [Danube Delta](/wiki/Danube_Delta \"Danube Delta\") is home to massive amounts of [water birds](/wiki/Water_birds \"Water birds\"), most notably [pelicans](/wiki/Pelicans \"Pelicans\") of two species, [herons](/wiki/Heron \"Heron\"), [storks](/wiki/Stork \"Stork\"), [cormorants](/wiki/Cormorant \"Cormorant\"), and [terns](/wiki/Tern \"Tern\"). It is a favourite staging area for passage migrants and wintering grounds for masses of migrating water birds from the [steppes](/wiki/Steppe \"Steppe\"), the [boreal forests](/wiki/Boreal_forest \"Boreal forest\"), and the [tundras](/wiki/Tundras \"Tundras\") further north. The region has some of Europe's few remaining grazed mosaic forest landscapes, kept in their natural state by the [wild horses](/wiki/Wild_horses \"Wild horses\") and [wild cattle](/wiki/Cattle%23Feral_cattle \"Cattle#Feral cattle\") still present. Working with partners, the Rewilding Danube Delta team is working to significantly improve the ecological integrity and natural functioning of 40,000 hectares of [wetland](/wiki/Wetland \"Wetland\") and terrestrial delta habitat, using rewilding principles on a landscape scale. Revitalised and self\\-governing natural processes, particularly flooding and natural grazing, will govern landscape formation, driving other natural processes, wildlife comeback, increased biodiversity, and the development of a nature\\-based economy. The Danube Delta rewilding area is part of the [Tauros breeding programme](/wiki/Tauros_Programme \"Tauros Programme\"), managed by the Taurus Foundation and Rewilding Europe. The programme aims to breed a cattle breed that resembles the [aurochs](/wiki/Aurochs \"Aurochs\") by establishing viable free\\-ranging populations of cattle in several European locations. Due to translocations in 2016 and 2017, the number of Tauros cattle grazing near [Sfântu Gheorghe, Tulcea](/wiki/Sf%C3%A2ntu_Gheorghe%2C_Tulcea \"Sfântu Gheorghe, Tulcea\") is now 18 animals. Rewilding Europe works to create new opportunities for delta communities by supporting the development of nature\\-based business. 2019 saw the release of a [water buffalo](/wiki/Water_buffalo \"Water buffalo\") herd as a [proxy](/wiki/Pleistocene_rewilding \"Pleistocene rewilding\") for *[Bubalus murrensis](/wiki/Bubalus_murrensis \"Bubalus murrensis\")*; and 2020, of a [Turkmenian kulan](/wiki/Turkmenian_kulan \"Turkmenian kulan\") herd (a species present in [European Russia](/wiki/European_Russia \"European Russia\") until the 18th or 19th century,Heptner, V. G., Nasimovich, A. A., Bannikov, A. G., \\& Hoffman, R. S. (1989\\). *Mammals of the Soviet Union, vol. 1\\.* Leiden, the Netherlands: EJ Brill, 1147 pages. and close relative of the Western [European wild ass](/wiki/European_wild_ass \"European wild ass\") that became extinct in the [Chalcolithic](/wiki/Chalcolithic_Europe \"Chalcolithic Europe\")).Crees, Jennifer J.; Turvey, Samuel T. (May 2014\\). \"Holocene extinction dynamics of Equus hydruntinus, a late\\-surviving European megafaunal mammal\". *Quaternary Science Reviews*. 91: 16–29\\.\n\n### Southern Carpathians rewilding area\n\nThe Southern Carpathians were considered a good place for nature conservation work. Rewilding Europe has concentrated on part of the region which counts more than 1 million hectares of protected areas already in place, rich wildlife, large intact forests, a high concentration of biodiversity, relatively intact wild landscapes, wild rivers, and large areas of mosaic vegetation largely shaped by traditional farming and grazing practices.\n\nThe work of Rewilding Europe and its partners is focused on bringing back the [European bison](/wiki/European_bison \"European bison\"). Since 2013, Rewilding Europe[Rewilding Europe our\\-story](http://newstaging.rewildingeurope.com/our-story/)*newstaging.rewildingeurope.com*, and WWF Romania[WWF Romania](http://www.wwf.ro/) *www.wwf.ro*, accessed 2 July 2021 have been working together in the [Southern Carpathians](/wiki/Southern_Carpathians \"Southern Carpathians\") rewilding area to reintroduce this iconic species. The major objective of this ongoing project is to create a demographically and genetically viable population in the Southern Carpathians, comprising free\\-roaming sub\\-populations in the [Țarcu Mountains](/wiki/%C8%9Aarcu_Mountains \"Țarcu Mountains\") and nearby [Poiana Ruscă Mountains](/wiki/Poiana_Rusc%C4%83_Mountains \"Poiana Ruscă Mountains\").\n\nSo far, following bison releases in 2014 and 2015, in June 2016, a third bison release took place as part of the European Commission\\-funded LIFE Bison project,[LIFE Bison project](https://www.rewildingeurope.com/life-bison/) *www.rewildingeurope.com*, accessed 2 July 2021 with a fourth release of nine animals taking place in April 2017\\. Rewilding Europe and WWF Romania have been working together to create one of the largest contiguous wild areas in Europe.\n\n### Velebit rewilding area\n\nSituated on a mountain chain on the [Adriatic coast](/wiki/Adriatic_coast \"Adriatic coast\") in [Croatia](/wiki/Croatia \"Croatia\"), the [Velebit](/wiki/Velebit \"Velebit\") rewilding area is one of the wildest areas of the whole Mediterranean. The area hosts two national parks, a biosphere reserve, several hiking trails, old\\-growth forests, deep canyons, ancient open lands and wildlife like Balkan [chamois](/wiki/Chamois \"Chamois\"), [red deer](/wiki/Red_deer \"Red deer\"), [brown bear](/wiki/Brown_bear \"Brown bear\"), [wolf](/wiki/Wolf \"Wolf\"), and [lynx](/wiki/Lynx \"Lynx\").\n\nMany local inhabitants have moved out of the area towards the coast. As a result, many areas of this region are now characterized by land abandonment, [rural exodus](/wiki/Rural_exodus \"Rural exodus\") and fading cultural tradition. Rewilding Europe is working with its partners to transform challenges into opportunities. This has seen the establishment of the 17,000\\-hectare Velebit Nature Reserve, situated between two large national parks. Here rewilding is offering a fresh approach to wildlife management and underpinning the development of a local nature\\-based economy, creating a wildlife and ecological corridor in the Velebit mountains.[Rewilding Croatia's Velebit Mountains](https://organikos.net/2018/07/15/rewilding-croatias-velebit-mountains/) 15 July 2018 *organikos.net*, accessed 2 July 2021\n\nWildlife\\-watching hides are constructed and it is planned that new ones will be built in future to create job opportunities benefiting the local community. In collaboration with the University of Zagreb's Faculty of Forestry, the Rewilding Velebit team are working to have the Ramino Korito[Ramino Korito](https://www.rewildingeurope.com/blog/rewilding-velebit-team-complete-research-on-ramino-korito/) *www.rewildingeurope.com*, accessed 2 July 2021 old\\-growth beech forest, located in the southern part of Velebit Mountains, designated a special woodland reserve, highlighting its rarity and biological value. On the [Lika](/wiki/Lika \"Lika\") Plains, a grassland located in the foothills of the Velebit Mountains, Rewilding Europe is working to reintroduce wild and semi\\-wild grazers. Since it began in 2015 the project has doubled in size and now extends across 1000 hectares.\n\nOn 10 December 2014 experienced Croatian hiker Zdenko Đanić was killed by a [Sayaguesa](/wiki/Sayaguesa \"Sayaguesa\") bull which the project had imported. The shepherd was present but [rescuers](/wiki/Croatian_Mountain_Rescue_Service \"Croatian Mountain Rescue Service\") reached the injured hiker too late due to the remote location.\n\n### Central Apennines rewilding area\n\nThe Central Apennines are characterized by a rich diversity of ecosystems and therefore also wildlife species. The work of Rewilding Europe and its partners in Central Apennines focuses on developing large \"coexistence corridors\" by connecting the local economy with wilder nature in four corridors collectively covering more than 40,000 hectares.\n\nIn the protected areas (the [Abruzzo](/wiki/Abruzzo%2C_Lazio_and_Molise_National_Park \"Abruzzo, Lazio and Molise National Park\") and [Majella National Parks](/wiki/Majella_National_Park \"Majella National Park\") and [Sirente\\-Velino Regional Park](/wiki/Sirente-Velino_Regional_Park \"Sirente-Velino Regional Park\")) the corridors are intended to benefit the wildlife populations and the quality of nature and nature\\-related experiences. The 10\\-year project's goal is to reduce [bear](/wiki/Bear \"Bear\") mortality and conflict by installing traffic accident prevention measures, removing old fencing, restoring and improving signage, and distributing new mobile electric fences. Furthermore, Rewilding Europe and its partners work on supporting nature\\-based enterprises in and around corridor areas, and raising awareness about wildlife and nature conservation amongst local communities and people visiting the area.\n\n### The Rhodope Mountains rewilding area\n\nThe Rhodope Mountains are the only breeding area for [griffon vultures](/wiki/Griffon_vulture \"Griffon vulture\") in [Bulgaria](/wiki/Bulgaria \"Bulgaria\") and also the most important breeding site for the globally threatened [Egyptian vulture](/wiki/Egyptian_vulture \"Egyptian vulture\") on the [Balkan peninsula](/wiki/Balkan_peninsula \"Balkan peninsula\"). The work of Rewilding Europe focuses on restoring food chains in the [Rhodope Mountains](/wiki/Rhodope_Mountains \"Rhodope Mountains\"). Restoring natural food chains is a flagship project of Rewilding Europe, supported by the European Commission through the LIFE project \"Conservation of black and griffon vultures in the cross\\-border Rhodope mountains\".[LIFE project “Conservation of black and griffon vultures in the cross\\-border Rhodope mountains”](https://www.rewildingeurope.com/life-vultures/) *www.rewildingeurope.com* Rewilding Europe's main focus is to help vultures and other scavenging species by boosting the availability of wild herbivore carcasses, thereby closing the circle of life.\n\nTogether with local partners Rewilding Europe is increasing the number of local [ungulates](/wiki/Ungulates \"Ungulates\") through several annual [red deer](/wiki/Red_deer \"Red deer\") and [fallow deer](/wiki/Fallow_deer \"Fallow deer\") releases, with reintroduced animal behaviour monitored through the use of [GPS](/wiki/GPS \"GPS\") collars. Rewilding Europe is boosting biodiversity through mosaic landscape creation. Together with partners, Rewilding Europe is creating space for natural processes like forest regeneration, free\\-flowing rivers, herbivory, and carnivory to impact ecosystems. Rewilding Europe and Rewilding Rhodope extends its efforts to restore steppe habitat, and increase the population of the endangered European ground squirrel.\n\n### Oder Delta rewilding area\n\nThe [Oder](/wiki/Oder \"Oder\") Delta region is a unique combination of a rich mosaic of large and wild continental, marine, and freshwater ecosystems in Germany and Poland. The transboundary region stretches over more than 250,000 hectares, of which nearly 70,000 hectares are the open waters of the [lagoon](/wiki/Szczecin_Lagoon \"Szczecin Lagoon\"). Rewilding Europe, nature conservation organisations and local partners have started working on several pilot conservation and sustainable development projects here in 2013, based on the exploration of nature\\-based economic opportunities. A professional non\\-profit organization in the form of a registered association Rewilding Oder Delta e.V. has been established and registered in Germany in 2019 to facilitate this cooperation and to develop further projects for the benefit of nature and people in the region.\n\nThe eventual aim is to restore and safeguard regional nature and to develop alternative, sustainable and nature\\-friendly models of land, freshwater and sea use with local landowners, entrepreneurs, communities and residents. The Oder Delta team is working with partners to boost biodiversity in the delta by improving habitats and their connectivity, rewilding rivers, restoring sensitive peatlands and alluvial areas, supporting sustainable wildlife comeback, and a local nature\\-based economy.\n\n### Swedish Lapland rewilding area\n\nCurrently working in collaboration with fishing associations on both the [Råne](/wiki/R%C3%A5ne \"Råne\") and [Piteå](/wiki/Pite%C3%A5 \"Piteå\"), Rewilding [Lapland](/wiki/Lapland_%28Finland%29 \"Lapland (Finland)\") is now working hard to boost fish migration through activities such as spawning ground restoration and the removal of artificial obstacles. [Sonar](/wiki/Sonar \"Sonar\")\\-based fish counters are used on both rivers to measure results. Together with river restoration, Rewilding Lapland is exploring new nature\\-based business opportunities, providing support to enterprises involved in fishing and otter watching on the lower [Råne River](/wiki/R%C3%A5ne_River \"Råne River\").\n\nRewilding Lapland and local partners support guided reindeer migration, raising awareness of these threats and supporting [Sami communities](/wiki/Sami_people \"Sami people\") in their fight for traditional grazing rights. Rewilding Lapland collaborates with Sami communities to develop wildlife\\-watching businesses and guided reindeer tourism. The Rewilding Lapland team and partners are working to grow a local nature\\-based economy and reduce human\\-wildlife conflict.\n\n### Affric Highlands of Scotland\n\n### Iberian Highlands\n\nThe Iberian Highlands rewilding landscape is located in the [Alto Tajo Nature Reserve](/wiki/Alto_Tajo_Nature_Reserve \"Alto Tajo Nature Reserve\") and the Serranía de Cuenca mountains in central Spain, forming an mountainous area consisting of river canyons, steppe prairie, pine, oak, and juniper forests, and farmland. The selected area had undergone significant land abandonment as a result of [rural depopulation](/wiki/Rural_depopulation \"Rural depopulation\"), which reduced both the local population density, which dropped to fewer than two people per square kilometre, and the numbers of the [sheep](/wiki/Sheep \"Sheep\") herds that had been historically grazed in the area. The lowered human footprint favoured the reestablishment of [roe](/wiki/Roe_deer \"Roe deer\"), [fallow](/wiki/European_fallow_deer \"European fallow deer\"), and [red deer](/wiki/Red_deer \"Red deer\"), [wild boar](/wiki/Wild_boar \"Wild boar\"), [European mouflon](/wiki/European_mouflon \"European mouflon\"), and small herds of [Iberian ibex](/wiki/Iberian_ibex \"Iberian ibex\"), alongside [griffon vultures](/wiki/Griffon_vulture \"Griffon vulture\") and the largest population of [Egyptian vultures](/wiki/Egyptian_vulture \"Egyptian vulture\") in Europe. Rewilding Europe's programs in this area are primarily focused on the introduction of large grazers and predators.\n\nIn 2021, 17 [cinereous vultures](/wiki/Cinereous_vulture \"Cinereous vulture\"), which vanished from the area in the 1920s, were reintroduced to forested areas within the highlands.\n\nIn September 2023, a herd of ten [Przewalski's horses](/wiki/Przewalski%27s_horse \"Przewalski's horse\") obtained from [Monts d'Azur Biological Reserve](/wiki/Monts_D%27Azur_Biological_Reserve \"Monts D'Azur Biological Reserve\") in [France](/wiki/France \"France\") was introduced. The horses are intended to fill a niche similar to that of the extinct European wild horse by opening the landscape through low\\-intensity grazing and browsing, thus enhancing biodiversity and lowering the risk of [forest fires](/wiki/Forest_fire \"Forest fire\"). Future introductions are planned to supplement the starting herd's genetic diversity and the species' low rate of reproduction. Other areas of the park are being used to host semi\\-wild [Serrano horses](/wiki/Serrano_horse \"Serrano horse\") alongside [Tauros cattle](/wiki/Tauros_Programme \"Tauros Programme\"), a breed intended to resemble the extinct [aurochs](/wiki/Aurochs \"Aurochs\").\n\nAn experimental release of [Iberian lynx](/wiki/Iberian_lynx \"Iberian lynx\") is planned for the end of 2023\\. Local [rabbit](/wiki/European_rabbit \"European rabbit\") populations have fallen significantly due to the use of disease as pest control. As rabbits are the lynx's primary source of food, the release is intended to determine whether the lynxes will be able to switch to a different source of prey, such as young deer.\n\nA proposal has been made to establish a natural park around the gorges formed by the [Tagus River](/wiki/Tagus_River \"Tagus River\"), which would prohibit hunting, fishing, and logging but permit traditional agriculture. This has faced resistance from hunters and municipalities who depend on wild game and hunting permits, respectively, as sources of revenue.\n\nThe rewilding programs are planned to cooperate with local communities to establish sustainable farming and ecotourism. This is hoped to both bolster the local economy and form goodwill with established societies.\n\n",
"### Greater Côa Valley rewilding area\n\nThe Greater Côa Valley rewilding area is located in [Portugal](/wiki/Portugal \"Portugal\"), in the [Côa Valley**,**](/wiki/C%C3%B4a_Valley \"Côa Valley\") along the border with [Spain](/wiki/Spain \"Spain\"). Here, Rewilding Europe is trying to increase the number of semi\\-wild [livestock**,**](/wiki/Livestock \"Livestock\") such as feral horses and cows. Due to depopulation and land abandonment, there has been a significant decrease in grazing, which has caused [natural succession](/wiki/Ecological_succession \"Ecological succession\") and more plant cover in the landscapes. The organization promotes grazing as a tool to lower the risk of fire. The organization claims more \"wild\" livestock will lead to more diverse \"mosaic landscapes\", which may improve conditions for populations of [roe deer](/wiki/Roe_deer \"Roe deer\") and other species**,** including some that are extinct in the region**,** such as the [Iberian ibex](/wiki/Iberian_ibex \"Iberian ibex\"). Besides the promotion of [conservation grazing](/wiki/Conservation_grazing \"Conservation grazing\"), the organization is also occupied with promoting [ecotourism](/wiki/Ecotourism \"Ecotourism\"), advocacy to convince the Portuguese government to set aside more land to create a [biological corridor](/wiki/Biological_corridor \"Biological corridor\"), and a project to increase the number of [wolves](/wiki/Wolf \"Wolf\") in the area.\n\n",
"### Danube Delta rewilding area\n\nThe 580,000\\-hectare [Danube Delta](/wiki/Danube_Delta \"Danube Delta\") is home to massive amounts of [water birds](/wiki/Water_birds \"Water birds\"), most notably [pelicans](/wiki/Pelicans \"Pelicans\") of two species, [herons](/wiki/Heron \"Heron\"), [storks](/wiki/Stork \"Stork\"), [cormorants](/wiki/Cormorant \"Cormorant\"), and [terns](/wiki/Tern \"Tern\"). It is a favourite staging area for passage migrants and wintering grounds for masses of migrating water birds from the [steppes](/wiki/Steppe \"Steppe\"), the [boreal forests](/wiki/Boreal_forest \"Boreal forest\"), and the [tundras](/wiki/Tundras \"Tundras\") further north. The region has some of Europe's few remaining grazed mosaic forest landscapes, kept in their natural state by the [wild horses](/wiki/Wild_horses \"Wild horses\") and [wild cattle](/wiki/Cattle%23Feral_cattle \"Cattle#Feral cattle\") still present. Working with partners, the Rewilding Danube Delta team is working to significantly improve the ecological integrity and natural functioning of 40,000 hectares of [wetland](/wiki/Wetland \"Wetland\") and terrestrial delta habitat, using rewilding principles on a landscape scale. Revitalised and self\\-governing natural processes, particularly flooding and natural grazing, will govern landscape formation, driving other natural processes, wildlife comeback, increased biodiversity, and the development of a nature\\-based economy. The Danube Delta rewilding area is part of the [Tauros breeding programme](/wiki/Tauros_Programme \"Tauros Programme\"), managed by the Taurus Foundation and Rewilding Europe. The programme aims to breed a cattle breed that resembles the [aurochs](/wiki/Aurochs \"Aurochs\") by establishing viable free\\-ranging populations of cattle in several European locations. Due to translocations in 2016 and 2017, the number of Tauros cattle grazing near [Sfântu Gheorghe, Tulcea](/wiki/Sf%C3%A2ntu_Gheorghe%2C_Tulcea \"Sfântu Gheorghe, Tulcea\") is now 18 animals. Rewilding Europe works to create new opportunities for delta communities by supporting the development of nature\\-based business. 2019 saw the release of a [water buffalo](/wiki/Water_buffalo \"Water buffalo\") herd as a [proxy](/wiki/Pleistocene_rewilding \"Pleistocene rewilding\") for *[Bubalus murrensis](/wiki/Bubalus_murrensis \"Bubalus murrensis\")*; and 2020, of a [Turkmenian kulan](/wiki/Turkmenian_kulan \"Turkmenian kulan\") herd (a species present in [European Russia](/wiki/European_Russia \"European Russia\") until the 18th or 19th century,Heptner, V. G., Nasimovich, A. A., Bannikov, A. G., \\& Hoffman, R. S. (1989\\). *Mammals of the Soviet Union, vol. 1\\.* Leiden, the Netherlands: EJ Brill, 1147 pages. and close relative of the Western [European wild ass](/wiki/European_wild_ass \"European wild ass\") that became extinct in the [Chalcolithic](/wiki/Chalcolithic_Europe \"Chalcolithic Europe\")).Crees, Jennifer J.; Turvey, Samuel T. (May 2014\\). \"Holocene extinction dynamics of Equus hydruntinus, a late\\-surviving European megafaunal mammal\". *Quaternary Science Reviews*. 91: 16–29\\.\n\n",
"### Southern Carpathians rewilding area\n\nThe Southern Carpathians were considered a good place for nature conservation work. Rewilding Europe has concentrated on part of the region which counts more than 1 million hectares of protected areas already in place, rich wildlife, large intact forests, a high concentration of biodiversity, relatively intact wild landscapes, wild rivers, and large areas of mosaic vegetation largely shaped by traditional farming and grazing practices.\n\nThe work of Rewilding Europe and its partners is focused on bringing back the [European bison](/wiki/European_bison \"European bison\"). Since 2013, Rewilding Europe[Rewilding Europe our\\-story](http://newstaging.rewildingeurope.com/our-story/)*newstaging.rewildingeurope.com*, and WWF Romania[WWF Romania](http://www.wwf.ro/) *www.wwf.ro*, accessed 2 July 2021 have been working together in the [Southern Carpathians](/wiki/Southern_Carpathians \"Southern Carpathians\") rewilding area to reintroduce this iconic species. The major objective of this ongoing project is to create a demographically and genetically viable population in the Southern Carpathians, comprising free\\-roaming sub\\-populations in the [Țarcu Mountains](/wiki/%C8%9Aarcu_Mountains \"Țarcu Mountains\") and nearby [Poiana Ruscă Mountains](/wiki/Poiana_Rusc%C4%83_Mountains \"Poiana Ruscă Mountains\").\n\nSo far, following bison releases in 2014 and 2015, in June 2016, a third bison release took place as part of the European Commission\\-funded LIFE Bison project,[LIFE Bison project](https://www.rewildingeurope.com/life-bison/) *www.rewildingeurope.com*, accessed 2 July 2021 with a fourth release of nine animals taking place in April 2017\\. Rewilding Europe and WWF Romania have been working together to create one of the largest contiguous wild areas in Europe.\n\n",
"### Velebit rewilding area\n\nSituated on a mountain chain on the [Adriatic coast](/wiki/Adriatic_coast \"Adriatic coast\") in [Croatia](/wiki/Croatia \"Croatia\"), the [Velebit](/wiki/Velebit \"Velebit\") rewilding area is one of the wildest areas of the whole Mediterranean. The area hosts two national parks, a biosphere reserve, several hiking trails, old\\-growth forests, deep canyons, ancient open lands and wildlife like Balkan [chamois](/wiki/Chamois \"Chamois\"), [red deer](/wiki/Red_deer \"Red deer\"), [brown bear](/wiki/Brown_bear \"Brown bear\"), [wolf](/wiki/Wolf \"Wolf\"), and [lynx](/wiki/Lynx \"Lynx\").\n\nMany local inhabitants have moved out of the area towards the coast. As a result, many areas of this region are now characterized by land abandonment, [rural exodus](/wiki/Rural_exodus \"Rural exodus\") and fading cultural tradition. Rewilding Europe is working with its partners to transform challenges into opportunities. This has seen the establishment of the 17,000\\-hectare Velebit Nature Reserve, situated between two large national parks. Here rewilding is offering a fresh approach to wildlife management and underpinning the development of a local nature\\-based economy, creating a wildlife and ecological corridor in the Velebit mountains.[Rewilding Croatia's Velebit Mountains](https://organikos.net/2018/07/15/rewilding-croatias-velebit-mountains/) 15 July 2018 *organikos.net*, accessed 2 July 2021\n\nWildlife\\-watching hides are constructed and it is planned that new ones will be built in future to create job opportunities benefiting the local community. In collaboration with the University of Zagreb's Faculty of Forestry, the Rewilding Velebit team are working to have the Ramino Korito[Ramino Korito](https://www.rewildingeurope.com/blog/rewilding-velebit-team-complete-research-on-ramino-korito/) *www.rewildingeurope.com*, accessed 2 July 2021 old\\-growth beech forest, located in the southern part of Velebit Mountains, designated a special woodland reserve, highlighting its rarity and biological value. On the [Lika](/wiki/Lika \"Lika\") Plains, a grassland located in the foothills of the Velebit Mountains, Rewilding Europe is working to reintroduce wild and semi\\-wild grazers. Since it began in 2015 the project has doubled in size and now extends across 1000 hectares.\n\nOn 10 December 2014 experienced Croatian hiker Zdenko Đanić was killed by a [Sayaguesa](/wiki/Sayaguesa \"Sayaguesa\") bull which the project had imported. The shepherd was present but [rescuers](/wiki/Croatian_Mountain_Rescue_Service \"Croatian Mountain Rescue Service\") reached the injured hiker too late due to the remote location.\n\n",
"### Central Apennines rewilding area\n\nThe Central Apennines are characterized by a rich diversity of ecosystems and therefore also wildlife species. The work of Rewilding Europe and its partners in Central Apennines focuses on developing large \"coexistence corridors\" by connecting the local economy with wilder nature in four corridors collectively covering more than 40,000 hectares.\n\nIn the protected areas (the [Abruzzo](/wiki/Abruzzo%2C_Lazio_and_Molise_National_Park \"Abruzzo, Lazio and Molise National Park\") and [Majella National Parks](/wiki/Majella_National_Park \"Majella National Park\") and [Sirente\\-Velino Regional Park](/wiki/Sirente-Velino_Regional_Park \"Sirente-Velino Regional Park\")) the corridors are intended to benefit the wildlife populations and the quality of nature and nature\\-related experiences. The 10\\-year project's goal is to reduce [bear](/wiki/Bear \"Bear\") mortality and conflict by installing traffic accident prevention measures, removing old fencing, restoring and improving signage, and distributing new mobile electric fences. Furthermore, Rewilding Europe and its partners work on supporting nature\\-based enterprises in and around corridor areas, and raising awareness about wildlife and nature conservation amongst local communities and people visiting the area.\n\n",
"### The Rhodope Mountains rewilding area\n\nThe Rhodope Mountains are the only breeding area for [griffon vultures](/wiki/Griffon_vulture \"Griffon vulture\") in [Bulgaria](/wiki/Bulgaria \"Bulgaria\") and also the most important breeding site for the globally threatened [Egyptian vulture](/wiki/Egyptian_vulture \"Egyptian vulture\") on the [Balkan peninsula](/wiki/Balkan_peninsula \"Balkan peninsula\"). The work of Rewilding Europe focuses on restoring food chains in the [Rhodope Mountains](/wiki/Rhodope_Mountains \"Rhodope Mountains\"). Restoring natural food chains is a flagship project of Rewilding Europe, supported by the European Commission through the LIFE project \"Conservation of black and griffon vultures in the cross\\-border Rhodope mountains\".[LIFE project “Conservation of black and griffon vultures in the cross\\-border Rhodope mountains”](https://www.rewildingeurope.com/life-vultures/) *www.rewildingeurope.com* Rewilding Europe's main focus is to help vultures and other scavenging species by boosting the availability of wild herbivore carcasses, thereby closing the circle of life.\n\nTogether with local partners Rewilding Europe is increasing the number of local [ungulates](/wiki/Ungulates \"Ungulates\") through several annual [red deer](/wiki/Red_deer \"Red deer\") and [fallow deer](/wiki/Fallow_deer \"Fallow deer\") releases, with reintroduced animal behaviour monitored through the use of [GPS](/wiki/GPS \"GPS\") collars. Rewilding Europe is boosting biodiversity through mosaic landscape creation. Together with partners, Rewilding Europe is creating space for natural processes like forest regeneration, free\\-flowing rivers, herbivory, and carnivory to impact ecosystems. Rewilding Europe and Rewilding Rhodope extends its efforts to restore steppe habitat, and increase the population of the endangered European ground squirrel.\n\n",
"### Oder Delta rewilding area\n\nThe [Oder](/wiki/Oder \"Oder\") Delta region is a unique combination of a rich mosaic of large and wild continental, marine, and freshwater ecosystems in Germany and Poland. The transboundary region stretches over more than 250,000 hectares, of which nearly 70,000 hectares are the open waters of the [lagoon](/wiki/Szczecin_Lagoon \"Szczecin Lagoon\"). Rewilding Europe, nature conservation organisations and local partners have started working on several pilot conservation and sustainable development projects here in 2013, based on the exploration of nature\\-based economic opportunities. A professional non\\-profit organization in the form of a registered association Rewilding Oder Delta e.V. has been established and registered in Germany in 2019 to facilitate this cooperation and to develop further projects for the benefit of nature and people in the region.\n\nThe eventual aim is to restore and safeguard regional nature and to develop alternative, sustainable and nature\\-friendly models of land, freshwater and sea use with local landowners, entrepreneurs, communities and residents. The Oder Delta team is working with partners to boost biodiversity in the delta by improving habitats and their connectivity, rewilding rivers, restoring sensitive peatlands and alluvial areas, supporting sustainable wildlife comeback, and a local nature\\-based economy.\n\n",
"### Swedish Lapland rewilding area\n\nCurrently working in collaboration with fishing associations on both the [Råne](/wiki/R%C3%A5ne \"Råne\") and [Piteå](/wiki/Pite%C3%A5 \"Piteå\"), Rewilding [Lapland](/wiki/Lapland_%28Finland%29 \"Lapland (Finland)\") is now working hard to boost fish migration through activities such as spawning ground restoration and the removal of artificial obstacles. [Sonar](/wiki/Sonar \"Sonar\")\\-based fish counters are used on both rivers to measure results. Together with river restoration, Rewilding Lapland is exploring new nature\\-based business opportunities, providing support to enterprises involved in fishing and otter watching on the lower [Råne River](/wiki/R%C3%A5ne_River \"Råne River\").\n\nRewilding Lapland and local partners support guided reindeer migration, raising awareness of these threats and supporting [Sami communities](/wiki/Sami_people \"Sami people\") in their fight for traditional grazing rights. Rewilding Lapland collaborates with Sami communities to develop wildlife\\-watching businesses and guided reindeer tourism. The Rewilding Lapland team and partners are working to grow a local nature\\-based economy and reduce human\\-wildlife conflict.\n\n",
"### Affric Highlands of Scotland\n\n",
"### Iberian Highlands\n\nThe Iberian Highlands rewilding landscape is located in the [Alto Tajo Nature Reserve](/wiki/Alto_Tajo_Nature_Reserve \"Alto Tajo Nature Reserve\") and the Serranía de Cuenca mountains in central Spain, forming an mountainous area consisting of river canyons, steppe prairie, pine, oak, and juniper forests, and farmland. The selected area had undergone significant land abandonment as a result of [rural depopulation](/wiki/Rural_depopulation \"Rural depopulation\"), which reduced both the local population density, which dropped to fewer than two people per square kilometre, and the numbers of the [sheep](/wiki/Sheep \"Sheep\") herds that had been historically grazed in the area. The lowered human footprint favoured the reestablishment of [roe](/wiki/Roe_deer \"Roe deer\"), [fallow](/wiki/European_fallow_deer \"European fallow deer\"), and [red deer](/wiki/Red_deer \"Red deer\"), [wild boar](/wiki/Wild_boar \"Wild boar\"), [European mouflon](/wiki/European_mouflon \"European mouflon\"), and small herds of [Iberian ibex](/wiki/Iberian_ibex \"Iberian ibex\"), alongside [griffon vultures](/wiki/Griffon_vulture \"Griffon vulture\") and the largest population of [Egyptian vultures](/wiki/Egyptian_vulture \"Egyptian vulture\") in Europe. Rewilding Europe's programs in this area are primarily focused on the introduction of large grazers and predators.\n\nIn 2021, 17 [cinereous vultures](/wiki/Cinereous_vulture \"Cinereous vulture\"), which vanished from the area in the 1920s, were reintroduced to forested areas within the highlands.\n\nIn September 2023, a herd of ten [Przewalski's horses](/wiki/Przewalski%27s_horse \"Przewalski's horse\") obtained from [Monts d'Azur Biological Reserve](/wiki/Monts_D%27Azur_Biological_Reserve \"Monts D'Azur Biological Reserve\") in [France](/wiki/France \"France\") was introduced. The horses are intended to fill a niche similar to that of the extinct European wild horse by opening the landscape through low\\-intensity grazing and browsing, thus enhancing biodiversity and lowering the risk of [forest fires](/wiki/Forest_fire \"Forest fire\"). Future introductions are planned to supplement the starting herd's genetic diversity and the species' low rate of reproduction. Other areas of the park are being used to host semi\\-wild [Serrano horses](/wiki/Serrano_horse \"Serrano horse\") alongside [Tauros cattle](/wiki/Tauros_Programme \"Tauros Programme\"), a breed intended to resemble the extinct [aurochs](/wiki/Aurochs \"Aurochs\").\n\nAn experimental release of [Iberian lynx](/wiki/Iberian_lynx \"Iberian lynx\") is planned for the end of 2023\\. Local [rabbit](/wiki/European_rabbit \"European rabbit\") populations have fallen significantly due to the use of disease as pest control. As rabbits are the lynx's primary source of food, the release is intended to determine whether the lynxes will be able to switch to a different source of prey, such as young deer.\n\nA proposal has been made to establish a natural park around the gorges formed by the [Tagus River](/wiki/Tagus_River \"Tagus River\"), which would prohibit hunting, fishing, and logging but permit traditional agriculture. This has faced resistance from hunters and municipalities who depend on wild game and hunting permits, respectively, as sources of revenue.\n\nThe rewilding programs are planned to cooperate with local communities to establish sustainable farming and ecotourism. This is hoped to both bolster the local economy and form goodwill with established societies.\n\n",
"Rewilding Europe tools\n----------------------\n\nRewilding Europe uses several tools to support its activities.\n\n### European Rewilding Network\n\nEuropean Rewilding Network (ERN) is an online network set up to connect areas in the continent where rewilding efforts are taking place, including both the core Rewilding Europe locations as well as many other sites with externally run projects. Promoting the sharing of knowledge and experience between the many projects and locations is the main goal of the network. \nThe tools ERN uses are Online Seminars (webinars) held quarterly on various rewilding topics. ERN forum,[ERN forum](https://rewildingeurope.com/european-rewilding-network/) *rewildingeurope.com* open and free to all members, this online platform is used to post questions and information, interact at any time, and view previous webinars on a wide range of rewilding\\-related topics. ERN Bridge, is a virtual bridge set up in hopes to close the gap between the needs of the vast numbers of rewilding initiatives with students and volunteers searching to gain experience by working in nature conservation and rewilding. Direct access to Rewilding Europe Capital (REC),[Rewilding Europe Capital](https://rewildingeurope.com/rewilding-europe-capital/) *rewildingeurope.com* Europe's first ‘rewilding enterprise’ funding facility that provides financial loans to new and existing businesses that catalyse, support and achieve positive environmental and socio\\-economic outcomes that support rewilding in Europe. ERN members are eligible for direct access to the European Wildlife Bank,[European Wildlife Bank](https://rewildingeurope.com/european-wildlife-bank/) *rewildingeurope.com* a tool designed to facilitate the reintroduction and restocking of herbivores to rewilding areas across the European continent.\n\n### Rewilding Europe Capital\n\nRewilding Europe Capital (REC) is the first ‘rewilding enterprise’ funding facility that provides financial loans to new and existing businesses that catalyse, support and achieve positive environmental and socio\\-economic outcomes that support rewilding in Europe.\n\nEuropean Investment Bank provided Rewilding Europe Capital with a 6 million euro loan finance contract. It is the first project of the “Bank on Nature Initiative”, set up by the [European Commission](/wiki/European_Commission \"European Commission\"). The signing ceremony took place in the [Berlaymont Building](/wiki/Berlaymont_Building \"Berlaymont Building\"), the headquarters of the European Commission in Brussels.\nREC forms part of the enterprise component of Rewilding Europe, which is working to build a business case for wild nature in Europe. REC was established to positively stimulate enterprise economies connected to natural landscapes and their wildlife. REC achieves this by providing commercial business loans to businesses that can: positively address negative socio\\-economic impacts caused by rural land abandonment; directly and indirectly support rewilding processes and activities in Europe and to those that deliver economic returns from nature and wildlife\\-related sectors that also work to conserve natural landscapes, capital, and rural cultures and heritage connected to them.\nBy 2018 Rewilding Europe in total loaned out to 18 enterprises the sum of 520,000 euros.\n\n### European Wildlife Bank\n\nEuropean Wildlife Bank (EWB) a tool Rewilding Europe uses to help bring back more natural numbers of the original native herbivores in our rewilding areas. These big grazers and browsers play key roles in the natural functioning of Europe's ecosystems.\nTauros cattle, native horses and European bison are examples of the species involved in the European Wildlife Bank. European Wildlife Bank [European Wildlife Bank](https://rewildingeurope.com/european-wildlife-bank/) *rewildingeurope.com/european\\-wildlife\\-bank* developed a database for all the animals in the bank. This includes information on births and deaths in all relevant areas across Europe, the start and end dates of contracts, the yearly availability of animals, and the demand for animals from new rewilding areas. By 2018 Rewilding Europe signed 16 contracts with partner organisations in nine countries.\n\n### Rewilding Europe policy work\n\nTitled \"Making Space for Rewilding: Creating an enabling policy environment\" is a policy brief written by Paul Jepson,[Dr. Paul Jepson](http://www.ox.ac.uk/news-and-events/find-an-expert/dr-paul-jepson) *www.ox.ac.uk* Course Director at the School of Geography and Environment at the [University of Oxford](/wiki/University_of_Oxford \"University of Oxford\") and Frans Schepers, Managing Director of Rewilding Europe. \nThe brief was written to make rewilding widely acceptable and recognizable as an innovative conservation method. The brief communicates that rewilding as such represents a growing movement in Europe and has attained scientific, practical, and media presence. The interviews have been conducted with ten experts from the field of EU nature and legislation and in rewilding to explore the opportunities to create a policy environment that would support fuller expression of rewilding visions and principles.\n\nWith the help of this brief, Rewilding Europe works on getting support to enable the environment for rewilding in its nature conservation and land\\-use policies. Four main targets to be implemented in the EU policy are: 1\\) recognizing rewilding as a new conservation approach emerging from the inter\\-disciplinary conservation science interacting with currents in culture and society, 2\\) positioning rewilding as a complementary approach with the potential to extend the scope and impact of the EU nature policy cost\\-effectively, supporting better implementation of the Nature Directives, and 3\\) undertakings to support and invest in rewilding initiatives and studies and engage in dialogue with the rewilding movement in preparation for the 2030 biodiversity strategy.\n\nIn March 2017, a coalition of five organisations kicked off a new initiative to promote and strengthen the EU [ecological restoration](/wiki/Ecological_restoration \"Ecological restoration\") agenda. By signing a Memorandum of Understanding, Rewilding Europe, BirdLife Europe,[BirdLife Europe](http://www.birdlife.org/news/tag/birdlife-europe) *www.birdlife.org* and Central Asia,[Central Asia](https://www.birdlife.org/news/tag/central-asia) *www.birdlife.org* [WWF](/wiki/World_Wide_Fund_for_Nature \"World Wide Fund for Nature\")[WWF](https://www.worldwildlife.org) *www.worldwildlife.org* European Policy Office, the [European Environmental Bureau](/wiki/European_Environmental_Bureau \"European Environmental Bureau\"), and the German Institute for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv),[German Institute for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv)](https://www.idiv.de) *www.idiv.de* launched this 3\\-year initiative funded by WWF Netherlands.[WWF Netherlands](http://wwf.panda.org/how_you_can_help/live_green/travel/on_vacation/eco_tips/netherlands/) *wwf.panda.org* The overall aim of the project is to strengthen the EU restoration agenda and ensure that specific actions are taken to create a coherent ecological network in Europe, by promoting and using rewilding principles.\n\nSimilarly, in 2020, the WWF, [The Rivers Trust](/wiki/The_Rivers_Trust \"The Rivers Trust\"), [The Nature Conservancy](/wiki/The_Nature_Conservancy \"The Nature Conservancy\"), The European Rivers Network, Rewilding Europe, Wetlands International Europe, and The World Fish Migration Foundation have formed a coalition to restore Europe's rivers and streams to their natural state.\n\n### Rewilding Europe publications\n\nSince its establishment, Rewilding Europe has published annual reviews covering its activities, achievements in rewilding areas, specific ten\\-year objectives, news about rewilding, nature\\-based economies, nature\\-based tourism, wild nature, and more.\n\n### Rewilding Europe's Work with Universities\n\nRewilding Europe engages with many European universities, as rewilding is a future\\-oriented, long\\-term conservation approach, which requires raising awareness of the younger generations. Some of the universities with which Rewilding Europe has good connections are Oxford, Cambridge, Leipzig, Madrid, Amsterdam, Zagreb, and Warsaw.\n\n",
"### European Rewilding Network\n\nEuropean Rewilding Network (ERN) is an online network set up to connect areas in the continent where rewilding efforts are taking place, including both the core Rewilding Europe locations as well as many other sites with externally run projects. Promoting the sharing of knowledge and experience between the many projects and locations is the main goal of the network. \nThe tools ERN uses are Online Seminars (webinars) held quarterly on various rewilding topics. ERN forum,[ERN forum](https://rewildingeurope.com/european-rewilding-network/) *rewildingeurope.com* open and free to all members, this online platform is used to post questions and information, interact at any time, and view previous webinars on a wide range of rewilding\\-related topics. ERN Bridge, is a virtual bridge set up in hopes to close the gap between the needs of the vast numbers of rewilding initiatives with students and volunteers searching to gain experience by working in nature conservation and rewilding. Direct access to Rewilding Europe Capital (REC),[Rewilding Europe Capital](https://rewildingeurope.com/rewilding-europe-capital/) *rewildingeurope.com* Europe's first ‘rewilding enterprise’ funding facility that provides financial loans to new and existing businesses that catalyse, support and achieve positive environmental and socio\\-economic outcomes that support rewilding in Europe. ERN members are eligible for direct access to the European Wildlife Bank,[European Wildlife Bank](https://rewildingeurope.com/european-wildlife-bank/) *rewildingeurope.com* a tool designed to facilitate the reintroduction and restocking of herbivores to rewilding areas across the European continent.\n\n",
"### Rewilding Europe Capital\n\nRewilding Europe Capital (REC) is the first ‘rewilding enterprise’ funding facility that provides financial loans to new and existing businesses that catalyse, support and achieve positive environmental and socio\\-economic outcomes that support rewilding in Europe.\n\nEuropean Investment Bank provided Rewilding Europe Capital with a 6 million euro loan finance contract. It is the first project of the “Bank on Nature Initiative”, set up by the [European Commission](/wiki/European_Commission \"European Commission\"). The signing ceremony took place in the [Berlaymont Building](/wiki/Berlaymont_Building \"Berlaymont Building\"), the headquarters of the European Commission in Brussels.\nREC forms part of the enterprise component of Rewilding Europe, which is working to build a business case for wild nature in Europe. REC was established to positively stimulate enterprise economies connected to natural landscapes and their wildlife. REC achieves this by providing commercial business loans to businesses that can: positively address negative socio\\-economic impacts caused by rural land abandonment; directly and indirectly support rewilding processes and activities in Europe and to those that deliver economic returns from nature and wildlife\\-related sectors that also work to conserve natural landscapes, capital, and rural cultures and heritage connected to them.\nBy 2018 Rewilding Europe in total loaned out to 18 enterprises the sum of 520,000 euros.\n\n",
"### European Wildlife Bank\n\nEuropean Wildlife Bank (EWB) a tool Rewilding Europe uses to help bring back more natural numbers of the original native herbivores in our rewilding areas. These big grazers and browsers play key roles in the natural functioning of Europe's ecosystems.\nTauros cattle, native horses and European bison are examples of the species involved in the European Wildlife Bank. European Wildlife Bank [European Wildlife Bank](https://rewildingeurope.com/european-wildlife-bank/) *rewildingeurope.com/european\\-wildlife\\-bank* developed a database for all the animals in the bank. This includes information on births and deaths in all relevant areas across Europe, the start and end dates of contracts, the yearly availability of animals, and the demand for animals from new rewilding areas. By 2018 Rewilding Europe signed 16 contracts with partner organisations in nine countries.\n\n",
"### Rewilding Europe policy work\n\nTitled \"Making Space for Rewilding: Creating an enabling policy environment\" is a policy brief written by Paul Jepson,[Dr. Paul Jepson](http://www.ox.ac.uk/news-and-events/find-an-expert/dr-paul-jepson) *www.ox.ac.uk* Course Director at the School of Geography and Environment at the [University of Oxford](/wiki/University_of_Oxford \"University of Oxford\") and Frans Schepers, Managing Director of Rewilding Europe. \nThe brief was written to make rewilding widely acceptable and recognizable as an innovative conservation method. The brief communicates that rewilding as such represents a growing movement in Europe and has attained scientific, practical, and media presence. The interviews have been conducted with ten experts from the field of EU nature and legislation and in rewilding to explore the opportunities to create a policy environment that would support fuller expression of rewilding visions and principles.\n\nWith the help of this brief, Rewilding Europe works on getting support to enable the environment for rewilding in its nature conservation and land\\-use policies. Four main targets to be implemented in the EU policy are: 1\\) recognizing rewilding as a new conservation approach emerging from the inter\\-disciplinary conservation science interacting with currents in culture and society, 2\\) positioning rewilding as a complementary approach with the potential to extend the scope and impact of the EU nature policy cost\\-effectively, supporting better implementation of the Nature Directives, and 3\\) undertakings to support and invest in rewilding initiatives and studies and engage in dialogue with the rewilding movement in preparation for the 2030 biodiversity strategy.\n\nIn March 2017, a coalition of five organisations kicked off a new initiative to promote and strengthen the EU [ecological restoration](/wiki/Ecological_restoration \"Ecological restoration\") agenda. By signing a Memorandum of Understanding, Rewilding Europe, BirdLife Europe,[BirdLife Europe](http://www.birdlife.org/news/tag/birdlife-europe) *www.birdlife.org* and Central Asia,[Central Asia](https://www.birdlife.org/news/tag/central-asia) *www.birdlife.org* [WWF](/wiki/World_Wide_Fund_for_Nature \"World Wide Fund for Nature\")[WWF](https://www.worldwildlife.org) *www.worldwildlife.org* European Policy Office, the [European Environmental Bureau](/wiki/European_Environmental_Bureau \"European Environmental Bureau\"), and the German Institute for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv),[German Institute for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv)](https://www.idiv.de) *www.idiv.de* launched this 3\\-year initiative funded by WWF Netherlands.[WWF Netherlands](http://wwf.panda.org/how_you_can_help/live_green/travel/on_vacation/eco_tips/netherlands/) *wwf.panda.org* The overall aim of the project is to strengthen the EU restoration agenda and ensure that specific actions are taken to create a coherent ecological network in Europe, by promoting and using rewilding principles.\n\nSimilarly, in 2020, the WWF, [The Rivers Trust](/wiki/The_Rivers_Trust \"The Rivers Trust\"), [The Nature Conservancy](/wiki/The_Nature_Conservancy \"The Nature Conservancy\"), The European Rivers Network, Rewilding Europe, Wetlands International Europe, and The World Fish Migration Foundation have formed a coalition to restore Europe's rivers and streams to their natural state.\n\n",
"### Rewilding Europe publications\n\nSince its establishment, Rewilding Europe has published annual reviews covering its activities, achievements in rewilding areas, specific ten\\-year objectives, news about rewilding, nature\\-based economies, nature\\-based tourism, wild nature, and more.\n\n",
"### Rewilding Europe's Work with Universities\n\nRewilding Europe engages with many European universities, as rewilding is a future\\-oriented, long\\-term conservation approach, which requires raising awareness of the younger generations. Some of the universities with which Rewilding Europe has good connections are Oxford, Cambridge, Leipzig, Madrid, Amsterdam, Zagreb, and Warsaw.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Pleistocene rewilding](/wiki/Pleistocene_rewilding \"Pleistocene rewilding\")\n* [Rewilding Britain](/wiki/Rewilding_Britain \"Rewilding Britain\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:2011 establishments in the Netherlands](/wiki/Category:2011_establishments_in_the_Netherlands \"2011 establishments in the Netherlands\")\n[Category:Organizations established in 2011](/wiki/Category:Organizations_established_in_2011 \"Organizations established in 2011\")\n[Category:Nature conservation organisations based in Europe](/wiki/Category:Nature_conservation_organisations_based_in_Europe \"Nature conservation organisations based in Europe\")\n[Category:Rewilding](/wiki/Category:Rewilding \"Rewilding\")\n[Category:Environmental organisations based in the Netherlands](/wiki/Category:Environmental_organisations_based_in_the_Netherlands \"Environmental organisations based in the Netherlands\")\n[Category:European bison](/wiki/Category:European_bison \"European bison\")\n\n"
]
} |
The Hermetical Triumph | {
"id": [
24198
],
"name": [
"Dimadick"
]
} | j744h15sv41if0rclzk9ngea1jctflm | 2024-01-09T13:12:02Z | 1,194,533,330 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Textual history",
"Contents",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n[thumb\\|Frontispiece from The Hermetical Triumph](/wiki/File:The_Hermetic_Triumph.jpg \"The Hermetic Triumph.jpg\")\n\n***The Hermetical Triumph: or, The Victorious Philosophical Stone***. is an [alchemical](/wiki/Alchemical \"Alchemical\") text published in London in 1723 by P. Hanet. It is subtitled \"A Treatise more compleat and more intelligible than any has been yet, concerning The Hermetical Magistery\". Its subject matter centres around an early seventeenth century German [dialogue](/wiki/Dialogue \"Dialogue\"), *The Ancient War of the Knights*. A commentary is included.\n\n",
"Textual history\n---------------\n\n*The Ancient War of the Knights* was composed in German by an unknown author. It appeared in print at Leipzig, in 1604\\.Arthur Greenberg. *From Alchemy to Chemistry in Picture and Story.* John Wiley \\& Sons, 2006\\. p 189\\.\n\nIn 1689, Alexandre\\-Toussaint de Limojon de Saint\\-Didier made the French translation as *Le triomphe hermetique, ou La pierre philosophale victorieuse* (Amsterdam: chez Henry Wetstein).Lawrence J. Clipper, Christopher Ackerley. *A Companion to Under the Volcano.* UBC Press, 2011\\. p.260 The French text was included in the Bibliothèque des Philosophes Chimiques (1672–73\\).\n\nAnother English edition was printed by F. Noble of London in 1740\\.\n\n",
"Contents\n--------\n\nIn *The Ancient War of the Knights*, a debate takes place between [gold](/wiki/Gold \"Gold\"), [mercury](/wiki/Mercury_%28element%29 \"Mercury (element)\") and the [philosopher's stone](/wiki/Philosopher%27s_stone \"Philosopher's stone\"). Mercury only plays a minor part in the discourse. Two translations appear in the Hermetic Triumph. The first of these was translated from the original German into Latin, then French, and then finally English. The second \"revised version\" was translated directly from German into English.British Pharmaceutical Conference. *Year\\-book of pharmacy. With the proceedings (transactions) of the British pharmaceutical conference*. 1870\\. p.105\n\nThe Hermetic Triumph also contains a discourse between \"Eudoxes and Pyrophilus upon the Ancient War of the Knights\". Composed as a dialogue between the characters of Eudoxes and Pyrophilus, it serves as a commentary on the main text of the book.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [1723 Edition. Internet Archive](https://archive.org/details/hermeticaltrium00unkngoog)\n\n[Category:1723 books](/wiki/Category:1723_books \"1723 books\")\n[Category:1720s in London](/wiki/Category:1720s_in_London \"1720s in London\")\n[Category:Alchemical documents](/wiki/Category:Alchemical_documents \"Alchemical documents\")\n[Category:Dialogues](/wiki/Category:Dialogues \"Dialogues\")\n\n"
]
} |
Northern Heights, South Australia | {
"id": [
753665
],
"name": [
"Ser Amantio di Nicolao"
]
} | syxcelsca28mutqjc9jiop3tufp4quq | 2020-05-06T02:43:26Z | 801,808,160 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Northern Heights** is a suburban satellite locality of [Murray Bridge](/wiki/Rural_City_of_Murray_Bridge \"Rural City of Murray Bridge\") in [South Australia](/wiki/South_Australia \"South Australia\"). Being set approximately back from the west bank of the Murray River, the locality occupies higher ground immediately west of the Preamimma Creek, which separates it from Mobilong Swamp. The crest of Paradise Hill (formerly Hungry Hill) is at the northwestern corner of the locality.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [List of cities and towns in South Australia](/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_South_Australia \"List of cities and towns in South Australia\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n \n\n[Category:Towns in South Australia](/wiki/Category:Towns_in_South_Australia \"Towns in South Australia\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Luca Mayr-Fälten | {
"id": [
28779459
],
"name": [
"Lepricavark"
]
} | 4f2hnmclty8jry2lzbvk8hptr9ufvvz | 2024-08-19T03:52:48Z | 1,196,101,602 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Luca Mayr\\-Fälten** (born 6 April 1996\\) is an Austrian footballer who plays for [SK Vorwärts Steyr](/wiki/SK_Vorw%C3%A4rts_Steyr \"SK Vorwärts Steyr\").\n\nAfter playing for six years in the United States, Mayr\\-Fälten signed a contract on 22 December 2021 to return to his hometown and play professionally for [Vorwärts Steyr](/wiki/SK_Vorw%C3%A4rts_Steyr \"SK Vorwärts Steyr\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [South Carolina Gamecocks profile](https://gamecocksonline.com/roster.aspx?rp_id=5597)\n* [Tormenta FC 2 profile](https://www.uslleaguetwo.com/roster_players/32440775)\n* [Michigan Bucks profile](https://www.flintcitybucks.com/roster_players/24808659)\n\n[Category:Austrian men's footballers](/wiki/Category:Austrian_men%27s_footballers \"Austrian men's footballers\")\n[Category:Austrian Football Bundesliga players](/wiki/Category:Austrian_Football_Bundesliga_players \"Austrian Football Bundesliga players\")\n[Category:1996 births](/wiki/Category:1996_births \"1996 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:SV Ried players](/wiki/Category:SV_Ried_players \"SV Ried players\")\n[Category:Men's association football forwards](/wiki/Category:Men%27s_association_football_forwards \"Men's association football forwards\")\n[Category:Austrian expatriate men's footballers](/wiki/Category:Austrian_expatriate_men%27s_footballers \"Austrian expatriate men's footballers\")\n[Category:Expatriate men's soccer players in the United States](/wiki/Category:Expatriate_men%27s_soccer_players_in_the_United_States \"Expatriate men's soccer players in the United States\")\n[Category:Austrian expatriate sportspeople in the United States](/wiki/Category:Austrian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_the_United_States \"Austrian expatriate sportspeople in the United States\")\n[Category:South Carolina Gamecocks men's soccer players](/wiki/Category:South_Carolina_Gamecocks_men%27s_soccer_players \"South Carolina Gamecocks men's soccer players\")\n[Category:USL League Two players](/wiki/Category:USL_League_Two_players \"USL League Two players\")\n[Category:Flint City Bucks players](/wiki/Category:Flint_City_Bucks_players \"Flint City Bucks players\")\n[Category:Austria men's youth international footballers](/wiki/Category:Austria_men%27s_youth_international_footballers \"Austria men's youth international footballers\")\n[Category:Sportspeople from Steyr](/wiki/Category:Sportspeople_from_Steyr \"Sportspeople from Steyr\")\n[Category:Tormenta FC players](/wiki/Category:Tormenta_FC_players \"Tormenta FC players\")\n[Category:Footballers from Upper Austria](/wiki/Category:Footballers_from_Upper_Austria \"Footballers from Upper Austria\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Faithfull: An Autobiography | {
"id": [
7903804
],
"name": [
"Citation bot"
]
} | irp68xt7hv7ig7erg6qv3d3cuf6rigj | 2024-01-17T02:48:26Z | 1,091,333,538 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Critical response",
"Publication history",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Faithfull: An Autobiography*** is an [autobiography](/wiki/Autobiography \"Autobiography\") by British singer [Marianne Faithfull](/wiki/Marianne_Faithfull \"Marianne Faithfull\"), written in collaboration with [David Dalton](/wiki/David_Dalton_%28writer%29 \"David Dalton (writer)\"). It was first published on 1 August 1994 by [Little, Brown and Company](/wiki/Little%2C_Brown_and_Company \"Little, Brown and Company\") and [reissued](/wiki/Reissue \"Reissue\") as a [paperback](/wiki/Paperback \"Paperback\") in July 1995\\. The book was also accompanied by the release of a compilation album *Faithfull: A Collection of Her Best Recordings* (1994\\). *Faithfull: An Autobiography* chronicles her childhood, career as a teenage pop star during the 1960s, relationship with [Mick Jagger](/wiki/Mick_Jagger \"Mick Jagger\"), [heroin addiction](/wiki/Opioid_use_disorder \"Opioid use disorder\") in the 1970s, and her comeback to music industry with her album *[Broken English](/wiki/Broken_English_%28album%29 \"Broken English (album)\")* (1979\\).\n\n",
"Critical response\n-----------------\n\nThe book received generally positive reviews from critics. [David Browne](/wiki/David_Browne_%28journalist%29 \"David Browne (journalist)\") in *[Entertainment Weekly](/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly \"Entertainment Weekly\")* gave the book A rating and wrote: \"Most pop\\-music autobiographies are random notes; it's easy to believe [David Crosby](/wiki/David_Crosby \"David Crosby\") and [Dion](/wiki/Celine_Dion \"Celine Dion\") inhaled heavily simply because their memories are so vague. Faithfull, on the other hand, can recall most of the faces and places involved with her sundry rises and drug\\-sodden crashes of the last three decades.\" He also added that \"it may be the most honest rock memoir yet published\". Paul Jones from *[The Independent](/wiki/The_Independent \"The Independent\")* was critical. He wrote: \"This is not an entertaining read. In fact, it's a while since I enjoyed a book as little as this one. It is quite absorbing, though, in a tabloid sort of way \\- sensational and, on its subject's own admission, unreliable.\"\n\n",
"Publication history\n-------------------\n\n| Region | Release date | Format |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| United States\n\n 1 August 1994 |\n Hardcover |\n| 1 July 1995 | Paperback |\n| 6 June 2000 | Paperback |\n| 19 May 2014 | [E\\-book](/wiki/E-book \"E-book\") |\n| United Kingdom\n\n 8 August 1994 |\n Hardcover |\n| 1 July 1995 | Paperback |\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [*Faithfull: An Autobiography*](http://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/faithfull-marianne-faithfull/1100462987) at Barnes \\& Noble\n\n[Category:1994 non\\-fiction books](/wiki/Category:1994_non-fiction_books \"1994 non-fiction books\")\n[Category:American biographies](/wiki/Category:American_biographies \"American biographies\")\n[Category:Biographies about actors](/wiki/Category:Biographies_about_actors \"Biographies about actors\")\n[Category:Biographies about musicians](/wiki/Category:Biographies_about_musicians \"Biographies about musicians\")\n[Category:Biographies about writers](/wiki/Category:Biographies_about_writers \"Biographies about writers\")\n[Category:Books about singers](/wiki/Category:Books_about_singers \"Books about singers\")\n\n"
]
} |
Shoaib Ahmed | {
"id": [
4076676
],
"name": [
"Malcolmxl5"
]
} | coodanaqrej0q82dwoff7j6fjs95syp | 2016-04-17T11:16:22Z | 715,687,800 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Shoaib Ahmed"
],
"level": [
1
],
"content": [
"**Shoaib Ahmed** may refer to:\n\n* [Shoaib Ahmed (businessman)](/wiki/Shoaib_Ahmed_%28businessman%29 \"Shoaib Ahmed (businessman)\") (born 1964\\), Indian software evangelist\n* [Shoaib Ahmed (Indian cricketer)](/wiki/Shoaib_Ahmed_%28Indian_cricketer%29 \"Shoaib Ahmed (Indian cricketer)\") (born 1987\\), Indian cricketer\n* [Shoaib Ahmed (Pakistani cricketer)](/wiki/Shoaib_Ahmed_%28Pakistani_cricketer%29 \"Shoaib Ahmed (Pakistani cricketer)\") (born 1990\\), Pakistani cricketer\n\n"
]
} |
List of Pokémon episodes (seasons 14–present) | {
"id": [
47984172
],
"name": [
"Autiboysam"
]
} | n7fopkmqxd5tao99vohwaiuercj198n | 2024-07-28T05:21:46Z | 1,237,109,156 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Episode list",
"Season 14: ''Black & White'' (2010–11)",
"Season 15: ''Black & White: Rival Destinies'' (2011–12)",
"Season 16: ''Black & White: Adventures in Unova and Beyond'' (2012–13)",
"Season 17: ''XY'' (2013–14)",
"Season 18: ''XY: Kalos Quest'' (2014–15)",
"Season 19: ''XYZ'' (2015–16)",
"Season 20: ''Sun & Moon'' (2016–17)",
"Season 21: ''Sun & Moon - Ultra Adventures'' (2017–18)",
"Season 22: ''Sun & Moon - Ultra Legends'' (2018–19)",
"Season 23: ''Journeys'' (2019–20)",
"Season 24: ''Master Journeys'' (2020–21)",
"Season 25: ''Ultimate Journeys'' (2021–23)",
"Season 26: ''Horizons'' (2023 – present)",
"Home media releases",
"DVD",
"Notes",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
2,
3,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n*[Pokémon](/wiki/Pok%C3%A9mon_%28TV_series%29 \"Pokémon (TV series)\")*, known in Japan as , is a Japanese [anime](/wiki/Anime \"Anime\") television series produced by animation studio [OLM](/wiki/OLM%2C_Inc. \"OLM, Inc.\") for [TV Tokyo](/wiki/TV_Tokyo \"TV Tokyo\"). It is adapted from the [*Pokémon* video game series](/wiki/Pok%C3%A9mon_%28video_game_series%29 \"Pokémon (video game series)\") published by [Nintendo](/wiki/Nintendo \"Nintendo\"). The series originally follows the [Pokémon](/wiki/List_of_Pok%C3%A9mon \"List of Pokémon\") trainer and aspiring Pokémon master [Ash Ketchum](/wiki/Ash_Ketchum \"Ash Ketchum\") and his adventures with his electric mouse\\-like partner [Pikachu](/wiki/Pikachu \"Pikachu\") (voiced by [Ikue Ōtani](/wiki/Ikue_%C5%8Ctani \"Ikue Ōtani\")), and a varying group of friends. However, by the 26th season, a new cast is featured, with new protagonists [Liko](/wiki/Liko_%28Pok%C3%A9mon%29 \"Liko (Pokémon)\") and Roy.\n\nThe division between seasons of *Pokémon* is based on the Japanese version openings of each episode and reflect the actual production season. The English episode numbers are based on their final airing either in syndication, on [The WB](/wiki/The_WB \"The WB\"), [Cartoon Network](/wiki/Cartoon_Network \"Cartoon Network\"), [Disney XD](/wiki/Disney_XD \"Disney XD\") or [Netflix](/wiki/Netflix \"Netflix\"). Subsequent episodes of the English version follow the original Japanese order, except where banned episodes are shown.\n\n",
"Episode list\n------------\n\n \n\n### Season 14: *Black \\& White* (2010–11\\)\n\n### Season 15: *Black \\& White: Rival Destinies* (2011–12\\)\n\n### Season 16: *Black \\& White: Adventures in Unova and Beyond* (2012–13\\)\n\n### Season 17: *XY* (2013–14\\)\n\n### Season 18: *XY: Kalos Quest* (2014–15\\)\n\n### Season 19: *XYZ* (2015–16\\)\n\n### Season 20: *Sun \\& Moon* (2016–17\\)\n\n### Season 21: *Sun \\& Moon \\- Ultra Adventures* (2017–18\\)\n\n### Season 22: *Sun \\& Moon \\- Ultra Legends* (2018–19\\)\n\n### Season 23: *Journeys* (2019–20\\)\n\n### Season 24: *Master Journeys* (2020–21\\)\n\n### Season 25: *Ultimate Journeys* (2021–23\\)\n\n### Season 26: *Horizons* (2023 – present)\n\n",
"### Season 14: *Black \\& White* (2010–11\\)\n\n",
"### Season 15: *Black \\& White: Rival Destinies* (2011–12\\)\n\n",
"### Season 16: *Black \\& White: Adventures in Unova and Beyond* (2012–13\\)\n\n",
"### Season 17: *XY* (2013–14\\)\n\n",
"### Season 18: *XY: Kalos Quest* (2014–15\\)\n\n",
"### Season 19: *XYZ* (2015–16\\)\n\n",
"### Season 20: *Sun \\& Moon* (2016–17\\)\n\n",
"### Season 21: *Sun \\& Moon \\- Ultra Adventures* (2017–18\\)\n\n",
"### Season 22: *Sun \\& Moon \\- Ultra Legends* (2018–19\\)\n\n",
"### Season 23: *Journeys* (2019–20\\)\n\n",
"### Season 24: *Master Journeys* (2020–21\\)\n\n",
"### Season 25: *Ultimate Journeys* (2021–23\\)\n\n",
"### Season 26: *Horizons* (2023 – present)\n\n",
"Home media releases\n-------------------\n\n### DVD\n\n| \\+**Box Sets (USA, Region 1\\) \\[VIZ Media]** | Volume | | | | Episodes | **Release date** | **Ref.** |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| | Season 14: Black \\& White (2010–11\\) | Box Sets | Set 1 | 660–671 | November 20, 2012 | |\n| Set 2 | 672–683 | January 22, 2013 | |\n| Set 3 | 684–695 | March 19, 2013 | |\n| Set 4 | 696–707 | May 14, 2013 | |\n| The Complete Season | | 660–707 | July 27, 2021 | |\n| | Season 15: Black \\& White: Rival Destinies (2011–12\\) | Box Sets | Set 1 | 708–719 | September 10, 2013 | |\n| Set 2 | 720–731 | December 3, 2013 | |\n| Set 3 | 732–756 | March 18, 2014 | |\n| The Complete Season | | 708–756 | March 15, 2022 | |\n| | Season 16: Black \\& White: Adventures in Unova and Beyond (2012–13\\) | Box Sets | Set 1 | 757–781 | September 23, 2014 | |\n| Set 2 | 782–801 | March 24, 2015 | |\n| The Complete Season | | 757–801 | February 21, 2023 | |\n| | Season 17: XY (2013–14\\) | Box Sets | Set 1 | 802–825 | August 4, 2015 | |\n| Set 2 | 826–849 | January 19, 2016 | |\n| The Complete Season | | 802–849 | June 11, 2024 | |\n| | Season 18: XY: Kalos Quest (2014–15\\) | Box Sets | Set 1 | 850–871 | July 12, 2016 | |\n| Set 2 | 872–894 | December 13, 2016 | |\n| The Complete Season | | 850–894 | September 24, 2024 | |\n| | Season 19: XYZ (2015–16\\) | Box Sets | Set 1 | 895–918 | August 29, 2017 | |\n| Set 2 | 919–941, SP–9 | February 6, 2018 | |\n| | Season 20: Sun \\& Moon (2016–17\\) | The Complete Collection | | 942–984 | November 6, 2018 | |\n| | Season 21: Sun \\& Moon \\- Ultra Adventures (2017–18\\) | The Complete Collection | | 985–1004, 1006–1033 | May 21, 2019 | |\n| | Season 22: Sun \\& Moon \\- Ultra Legends (2018–19\\) | Volume Sets | The Last Grand Trial | 1034–1051 | September 8, 2020 | |\n| The Alola League Begins! | 1052–1069 | January 12, 2021 | |\n| The First Alola League Champion | 1070–1087 | May 4, 2021 | |\n| | Season 23: Journeys (2019–20\\) | Volume Sets | The Journey Starts Today! | 1088–1103 | January 11, 2022 | |\n| Destination: Coronation! | 1104–1119 | April 5, 2022 | |\n| Legends of Galar | 1120–1135 | July 12, 2022 | |\n| | Season 24: Master Journeys (2020–21\\) | The Complete Season | | 1136–1177 | May 23, 2023 | |\n| | Season 25: Ultimate Journeys (2021–23\\) | The Complete Season | | 1178–1205, 1207, 1209–1212, 1214, 1216–1234, SP–15 | July 23, 2024 | |\n\n",
"### DVD\n\n| \\+**Box Sets (USA, Region 1\\) \\[VIZ Media]** | Volume | | | | Episodes | **Release date** | **Ref.** |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| | Season 14: Black \\& White (2010–11\\) | Box Sets | Set 1 | 660–671 | November 20, 2012 | |\n| Set 2 | 672–683 | January 22, 2013 | |\n| Set 3 | 684–695 | March 19, 2013 | |\n| Set 4 | 696–707 | May 14, 2013 | |\n| The Complete Season | | 660–707 | July 27, 2021 | |\n| | Season 15: Black \\& White: Rival Destinies (2011–12\\) | Box Sets | Set 1 | 708–719 | September 10, 2013 | |\n| Set 2 | 720–731 | December 3, 2013 | |\n| Set 3 | 732–756 | March 18, 2014 | |\n| The Complete Season | | 708–756 | March 15, 2022 | |\n| | Season 16: Black \\& White: Adventures in Unova and Beyond (2012–13\\) | Box Sets | Set 1 | 757–781 | September 23, 2014 | |\n| Set 2 | 782–801 | March 24, 2015 | |\n| The Complete Season | | 757–801 | February 21, 2023 | |\n| | Season 17: XY (2013–14\\) | Box Sets | Set 1 | 802–825 | August 4, 2015 | |\n| Set 2 | 826–849 | January 19, 2016 | |\n| The Complete Season | | 802–849 | June 11, 2024 | |\n| | Season 18: XY: Kalos Quest (2014–15\\) | Box Sets | Set 1 | 850–871 | July 12, 2016 | |\n| Set 2 | 872–894 | December 13, 2016 | |\n| The Complete Season | | 850–894 | September 24, 2024 | |\n| | Season 19: XYZ (2015–16\\) | Box Sets | Set 1 | 895–918 | August 29, 2017 | |\n| Set 2 | 919–941, SP–9 | February 6, 2018 | |\n| | Season 20: Sun \\& Moon (2016–17\\) | The Complete Collection | | 942–984 | November 6, 2018 | |\n| | Season 21: Sun \\& Moon \\- Ultra Adventures (2017–18\\) | The Complete Collection | | 985–1004, 1006–1033 | May 21, 2019 | |\n| | Season 22: Sun \\& Moon \\- Ultra Legends (2018–19\\) | Volume Sets | The Last Grand Trial | 1034–1051 | September 8, 2020 | |\n| The Alola League Begins! | 1052–1069 | January 12, 2021 | |\n| The First Alola League Champion | 1070–1087 | May 4, 2021 | |\n| | Season 23: Journeys (2019–20\\) | Volume Sets | The Journey Starts Today! | 1088–1103 | January 11, 2022 | |\n| Destination: Coronation! | 1104–1119 | April 5, 2022 | |\n| Legends of Galar | 1120–1135 | July 12, 2022 | |\n| | Season 24: Master Journeys (2020–21\\) | The Complete Season | | 1136–1177 | May 23, 2023 | |\n| | Season 25: Ultimate Journeys (2021–23\\) | The Complete Season | | 1178–1205, 1207, 1209–1212, 1214, 1216–1234, SP–15 | July 23, 2024 | |\n\n",
"Notes\n-----\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Pokémon seasons 14\\-present](/wiki/Category:Lists_of_anime_episodes \"Lists of anime episodes\")\n[episodes seasons 14\\-present](/wiki/Category:Pok%C3%A9mon_lists \"Pokémon lists\")\n[Category:Pokémon episodes](/wiki/Category:Pok%C3%A9mon_episodes \"Pokémon episodes\")\n\n"
]
} |
Paolo Dossena | {
"id": [
2842084
],
"name": [
"Jevansen"
]
} | 4ewuthj79mgm3sx77ibl9o205f10p2o | 2024-04-01T05:14:38Z | 1,154,879,116 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Life and career",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Paolo Dossena** (born 29 January 1942\\) is an Italian record producer, lyricist, arranger and composer.\n\n",
"Life and career\n---------------\n\nBorn in [Parma](/wiki/Parma \"Parma\"), Dossena moved to Rome in the early 1960s and started collaborating with [RCA Records](/wiki/RCA_Records \"RCA Records\"), soon specializing in producing French artists such as [Charles Aznavour](/wiki/Charles_Aznavour \"Charles Aznavour\"), [Dalida](/wiki/Dalida \"Dalida\"), [Sylvie Vartan](/wiki/Sylvie_Vartan \"Sylvie Vartan\") and [Alain Barrière](/wiki/Alain_Barri%C3%A8re \"Alain Barrière\"), often also translating the original lyrics of their songs for their Italian cover versions.Riccardo Giagni. \"Dossena, Paolo\". Gino Castaldo (edited by). *Dizionario della canzone italiana*. Curcio Editore, 1990\\.\n\nIn the early 1970s Dossena founded the label Delta, and produced artists such as [Riccardo Cocciante](/wiki/Riccardo_Cocciante \"Riccardo Cocciante\"), [Antonello Venditti](/wiki/Antonello_Venditti \"Antonello Venditti\"), [Francesco De Gregori](/wiki/Francesco_De_Gregori \"Francesco De Gregori\") and [Patty Pravo](/wiki/Patty_Pravo \"Patty Pravo\"), occasionally also serving as arranger and songwriter. After collaborating with the record company CAM, in 1990 he founded a new label, Compagnia Nuove Indye, also known as CNI Music, which launched groups such as [Almamegretta](/wiki/Almamegretta \"Almamegretta\") and [Agricantus](/wiki/Agricantus \"Agricantus\").\n\nDossena is also active as a film score composer, and his credits include films by [Mario Monicelli](/wiki/Mario_Monicelli \"Mario Monicelli\") and [Ferzan Özpetek](/wiki/Ferzan_%C3%96zpetek \"Ferzan Özpetek\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1942 births](/wiki/Category:1942_births \"1942 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Musicians from Parma](/wiki/Category:Musicians_from_Parma \"Musicians from Parma\")\n[Category:Italian male songwriters](/wiki/Category:Italian_male_songwriters \"Italian male songwriters\")\n[Category:Italian songwriters](/wiki/Category:Italian_songwriters \"Italian songwriters\")\n[Category:Italian lyricists](/wiki/Category:Italian_lyricists \"Italian lyricists\")\n[Category:Italian male composers](/wiki/Category:Italian_male_composers \"Italian male composers\")\n[Category:Italian music arrangers](/wiki/Category:Italian_music_arrangers \"Italian music arrangers\")\n[Category:Italian record producers](/wiki/Category:Italian_record_producers \"Italian record producers\")\n[Category:Italian film score composers](/wiki/Category:Italian_film_score_composers \"Italian film score composers\")\n[Category:Italian male film score composers](/wiki/Category:Italian_male_film_score_composers \"Italian male film score composers\")\n\n"
]
} |
Run (George song) | {
"id": [
29463730
],
"name": [
"PrimeBOT"
]
} | ixmgtaddmn4hz9xav006cqbfds7o5l1 | 2020-12-30T11:02:57Z | 982,254,311 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Track listing",
"Weekly charts",
"Personnel",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n\"**Run**\" is a song from Australian alternative rock group, [George](/wiki/George_%28band%29 \"George (band)\"). It was released as the second single taken from their debut studio album *[Polyserena](/wiki/Polyserena \"Polyserena\")* (2002\\).\n\n",
"Track listing\n-------------\n\n CD Single (020522\\) \n1. \"Run\" \\- 4:09\n2. \"Holiday\" (Live @ The Metro) \\- 5:00\n3. \"That's When You Come To Me\" (Live @ Roma Street Parklands) \\- 4:02\n",
"Weekly charts\n-------------\n\n| Chart (2001\\)\n\n Peak \nposition\n\n| |\n|\n\n|\n\n",
"Personnel\n---------\n\n* Bass \\- Paul B\n* Drums \\- Geoff Green\n* Guitar \\- Nick Stewart\n* Vox/ Keys \\- Tyronne Noonan\n* Vox/ Keys \\- Katie Noonan\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:George (band) songs](/wiki/Category:George_%28band%29_songs \"George (band) songs\")\n[Category:2001 songs](/wiki/Category:2001_songs \"2001 songs\")\n[Category:2001 singles](/wiki/Category:2001_singles \"2001 singles\")\n\n"
]
} |
Daniel Foder | {
"id": [
2842084
],
"name": [
"Jevansen"
]
} | nsfcj3dvysckv2oil5gmuqygwio67pm | 2024-02-06T06:35:58Z | 1,199,159,609 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Major results",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Daniel Foder Holm** (born 7 April 1983\\) is a Danish former professional cyclist.\n\n",
"Major results\n-------------\n\n2008\n1st [GP Nordjylland](/wiki/GP_Nordjylland \"GP Nordjylland\")\n2009\n1st [Fyen Rundt](/wiki/Fyen_Rundt \"Fyen Rundt\")\n4th [Ringerike GP](/wiki/Ringerike_GP \"Ringerike GP\")\n2011\n1st [20px](/wiki/file:MaillotDinamarca.svg \"MaillotDinamarca.svg\") Team time trial, National Road Championships\n2nd Overall [Tour of Norway](/wiki/Tour_of_Norway \"Tour of Norway\")\n3rd [Rogaland GP](/wiki/Rogaland_GP \"Rogaland GP\")\n2012\n 4th Overall [Tour of China](/wiki/Tour_of_China \"Tour of China\") I \n1st Stage 1 (TTT)\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1983 births](/wiki/Category:1983_births \"1983 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Danish male cyclists](/wiki/Category:Danish_male_cyclists \"Danish male cyclists\")\n[Category:Place of birth missing (living people)](/wiki/Category:Place_of_birth_missing_%28living_people%29 \"Place of birth missing (living people)\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Pasupati Bridge | {
"id": [
45789152
],
"name": [
"Jlwoodwa"
]
} | 0ja0ovv0n3s3awh52li0rf2d8rfsh72 | 2024-08-20T23:51:02Z | 1,163,731,424 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"Structure",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Pasupati Bridge** or **Pasupati Overpass** ([Indonesian](/wiki/Indonesian_language \"Indonesian language\"): **Jembatan Pasupati**, [Sundanese](/wiki/Sundanese_script \"Sundanese script\"): ) is a bridge that connects the north and east of [Bandung](/wiki/Bandung \"Bandung\") through the [Cikapundung](/wiki/Cikapundung_River \"Cikapundung River\") valley. It has a length of 2\\.8 km and a width of 30–60 m. The road is built over Jalan Pasteur, which is a long street flanked by the palm trees that characterize the city of Bandung.Suganda, Her.2007\\. The bridge and overpass are known for their colorful display, particularly at night, which has become emblematic of Bandung as a whole. The overpass and bridge connect to the main Cipularang Toll Road from Jakarta, and have greatly improved the traffic flow from the Greater Jakarta area into Bandung. Under the bridge, there is a park named Pasupati Park.\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nThe elevated highway structures in Bandung are given the name Pasupati. They formerly took the name *Paspati,* which may have been unfortunately misinterpreted as the Sundanese “pas mati” \\- \"when death\". Pasupati is a portmanteau of Jalan Pasteur and Jalan Surapati.Affandy, Frances B., Andi Abubakar.2003\\. The Pasupati structures have links back to the town planning work of [Thomas Karsten](/wiki/Thomas_Karsten \"Thomas Karsten\"). The current structure was built as a result of an infrastructure grant from [Kuwait](/wiki/Kuwait \"Kuwait\"). After many years of delays and issues, initial trials were carried out on June 26, 2005\\.\n\n",
"Structure\n---------\n\nThe Pasupati Bridge is the first in Indonesia that utilizes anti\\-earthquake technology. A *lock up device* (LUD), engineered in [France](/wiki/France \"France\"), consists of 76 individual pieces. The bridge has 663 segments overall, supported by 46 poles. Each segment weighs from 80 tons up to 140 tons. The overpass structure includes a long cable\\-stayed bridge that crosses 161 meters above the Cikapundung valley with no intervening supports. The bridge over the Cikapundung is supported by 19 steel cables consisting of 10 wires on the western side and 9 cables on the eastern side. Each cable contains 91 small cables that each consists of seven smaller cables again. The ten western cables are paired.Hardjasaputra, A. Sobana.2000\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Bridges in West Java](/wiki/Category:Bridges_in_West_Java \"Bridges in West Java\")\n[Category:Buildings and structures in Bandung](/wiki/Category:Buildings_and_structures_in_Bandung \"Buildings and structures in Bandung\")\n[Category:Cable\\-stayed bridges in Indonesia](/wiki/Category:Cable-stayed_bridges_in_Indonesia \"Cable-stayed bridges in Indonesia\")\n\n"
]
} |
Iglesia de Santa María del Rosario | {
"id": [
38056903
],
"name": [
"ThaesOfereode"
]
} | f4z7qu1ksqdnixwlkcyed7v44si4q36 | 2024-04-28T18:05:47Z | 1,221,234,341 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"Famous visitors",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n[thumb\\|right\\|Iglesia Parroquial de Santa María del Rosario](/wiki/File:N._Sra._del_Rosario.jpg \"N. Sra. del Rosario.jpg\")\nThe **Iglesia Parroquial de Santa María del Rosario** is a church located some 20 km southeast of downtown Havana, [Cuba](/wiki/Cuba \"Cuba\"), in the municipality of [Cotorro](/wiki/Cotorro \"Cotorro\").\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nIt was built between 1760 and 1766 and is known by the title given by the Obispo Espada: “The [Cathedral](/wiki/Cathedral \"Cathedral\") of the fields of Cuba”. It has been declared in two occasions (1946 and 1984\\) a [National Monument.](/wiki/National_monument \"National monument\") It has a [baroque](/wiki/Baroque \"Baroque\") altar of amazing beauty, only comparable with the [altar](/wiki/Altar \"Altar\") of the Church of Remedios. The gigantic altar still contains its [Solomonic column](/wiki/Solomonic_column \"Solomonic column\") covered in [gold](/wiki/Gold \"Gold\").\n\n",
"Famous visitors\n---------------\n\nThe first Cuban scientist graduated in medicine, the Dr. Tomás Romay and Chacón, was baptised in the Iglesia Parroquial de Santa María del Rosario in [1764](/wiki/1764 \"1764\"). The Cuban writer [Alejo Carpentier](/wiki/Alejo_Carpentier \"Alejo Carpentier\") married in this church by the decade of 1940\\.\n\nJosé María Chacón and Calvo, famous hispanist and sixth earl of House Bayona was baptised in this church. The church was visited by Queen [Sofia of Spain](/wiki/Queen_Sof%C3%ADa_of_Spain \"Queen Sofía of Spain\") in 1999\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Roman Catholic churches in Cuba](/wiki/Category:Roman_Catholic_churches_in_Cuba \"Roman Catholic churches in Cuba\")\n\n"
]
} |
François Édouard Raynal | {
"id": [
47732363
],
"name": [
"Numberguy6Bot"
]
} | 9fe89misa3ovoj7lx9ao7azn4i3n4mp | 2024-05-30T21:23:56Z | 1,016,387,820 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"Footnotes",
"Sources"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
3,
3
],
"content": [
"\n\n[thumb\\|upright\\|François Édouard Raynal](/wiki/File:Fran%C3%A7ois_Edouard_Raynal_A.Quinet_BNF_Gallica.jpg \"François Edouard Raynal A.Quinet BNF Gallica.jpg\")\n**François Édouard Raynal** (8 July 1830 – 28 April 1898\\) was a French sailor best known for his involvement in the [*Grafton*](/wiki/Grafton_%28ship%29 \"Grafton (ship)\") shipwreck at the [Auckland Islands](/wiki/Auckland_Islands \"Auckland Islands\"). He wrote a popular account of the voyage, *Les Naufragés, ou Vingt mois sur un récif des îles Auckland* which was translated into English as *Wrecked on a Reef*.\n\nThe 2003 English edition of *Wrecked On A Reef* (1869\\) has additional appendices by French scholar Christiane Mortelier who presents a case for the influence of Raynal's book on [Jules Verne](/wiki/Jules_Verne \"Jules Verne\")'s *[The Mysterious Island](/wiki/The_Mysterious_Island \"The Mysterious Island\")*. *Wrecked On A Reef* was very popular at the time of publication, being translated into multiple [languages](/wiki/Languages \"Languages\"). According to Mortelier, Verne read Raynal's account and loosely based his novel on the true life story of shipwreck, survival, privation, and ultimate rescue.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n### Footnotes\n\n### Sources\n\n[Category:1830 births](/wiki/Category:1830_births \"1830 births\")\n[Category:1898 deaths](/wiki/Category:1898_deaths \"1898 deaths\")\n[Category:French sailors](/wiki/Category:French_sailors \"French sailors\")\n[Category:History of the New Zealand outlying islands](/wiki/Category:History_of_the_New_Zealand_outlying_islands \"History of the New Zealand outlying islands\")\n\n",
"### Footnotes\n\n",
"### Sources\n\n[Category:1830 births](/wiki/Category:1830_births \"1830 births\")\n[Category:1898 deaths](/wiki/Category:1898_deaths \"1898 deaths\")\n[Category:French sailors](/wiki/Category:French_sailors \"French sailors\")\n[Category:History of the New Zealand outlying islands](/wiki/Category:History_of_the_New_Zealand_outlying_islands \"History of the New Zealand outlying islands\")\n\n"
]
} |
Averil Deverell | {
"id": [
16185737
],
"name": [
"Smasongarrison"
]
} | tbpuw03fxw7r7pshhhepy1esft0lpto | 2024-07-17T04:52:13Z | 1,183,041,006 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Biography",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Averil Katherine Statter Deverell** (2 January 1893 – 11 February 1979\\) was one of the first two women [barristers](/wiki/Barrister \"Barrister\") in all of Great Britain and Ireland.\n\n",
"Biography\n---------\n\nDeverell was born on 2 January 1893 in [Dublin](/wiki/Dublin \"Dublin\") to William Deverell and Ada Kate Statter Carr. Her father was a [solicitor](/wiki/Solicitor \"Solicitor\") who became [Clerk of the Crown](/wiki/Clerk_of_the_Crown \"Clerk of the Crown\") and Peace for [County Wicklow](/wiki/County_Wicklow \"County Wicklow\"), and her mother was the daughter of a London solicitor. She had a twin brother, William Berenger Statter Deverell (1893–1966\\), who also became a barrister. Her cousin, Naomi Constance Wallace (1891–1980\\), would be called to the bar at the [Middle Temple](/wiki/Middle_Temple \"Middle Temple\") a year after Deverell, in November 1922\\. Growing up in [Greystones](/wiki/Greystones \"Greystones\"), she was taught by her governess until she attended the [French School, Bray](/wiki/French_School%2C_Bray \"French School, Bray\"), while socialising with Irish aristocracy at home. \n\nDeverell attended [Trinity College, Dublin](/wiki/Trinity_College%2C_Dublin \"Trinity College, Dublin\") (TCD), in 1911, a few years after it opened its doors to women in 1904, and was awarded an [LLB](/wiki/Bachelor_of_Laws \"Bachelor of Laws\") in 1915\\.First 100 Years, [https://first100years.org.uk/averil\\-deverell/](https://first100years.org.uk/averil-deverell/), Accessed 15 June 2018 She joined Trinity’s [St John Ambulance](/wiki/St_John_Ambulance \"St John Ambulance\") VAD unit in 1912 and drove an ambulance in France during the [First World War](/wiki/First_World_War \"First World War\") from July to December 1918\\. When the law changed in 1919 to allow women to become barristers, she and [Frances Kyle](/wiki/Frances_Kyle \"Frances Kyle\") read for the bar at the [King's Inns](/wiki/King%27s_Inns \"King's Inns\"). She was given an exemption from the full requirements because of her service during the war.\n\nWhen she and Frances Kyle were [called to the bar](/wiki/Call_to_the_bar \"Call to the bar\") on 1 November 1921, the admission of two women made international headlines. As she was called to the bar in November 1921, which pre\\-dated the [Anglo\\-Irish Treaty](/wiki/Anglo-Irish_Treaty \"Anglo-Irish Treaty\"), and her first case being in January 1922 before the treaty was implemented, she was officially the first woman to act as a barrister in the entire United Kingdom, as all of Ireland remained within the United Kingdom until 6 December 1922\\.\n\nIn January 1922, Deverell joined the Law Library of the [Four Courts](/wiki/Four_Courts \"Four Courts\"), where she was the only woman until the arrival of Mary Dillon\\-Leetch in June 1923\\. The Library was heavily damaged during the [Irish Civil War](/wiki/Irish_Civil_War \"Irish Civil War\") and was relocated to [Dublin Castle](/wiki/Dublin_Castle \"Dublin Castle\") until 1931\\. As a financial supplement to her work, she bought a [cairn terrier](/wiki/Cairn_terrier \"Cairn terrier\") with her first fee, and went on to set up a kennels, becoming a breeder of the dogs. Deverell was the first woman to appear in the [Supreme Court of Ireland](/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Ireland \"Supreme Court of Ireland\") and the [Court of Criminal Appeal in Ireland](/wiki/Court_of_Criminal_Appeal_%28Ireland%29 \"Court of Criminal Appeal (Ireland)\"). In 1928, she became the first Irish female barrister to appear before the [Judicial Committee of the Privy Council](/wiki/Judicial_Committee_of_the_Privy_Council \"Judicial Committee of the Privy Council\") (JCPC) in London.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [First women lawyers around the world](/wiki/List_of_first_women_lawyers_and_judges_by_nationality \"List of first women lawyers and judges by nationality\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n [Poem: In the Four Courts](https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/books/in-the-four-courts-1.4757068)\n\n[Category:20th\\-century Irish lawyers](/wiki/Category:20th-century_Irish_lawyers \"20th-century Irish lawyers\")\n[Category:20th\\-century Irish women](/wiki/Category:20th-century_Irish_women \"20th-century Irish women\")\n[Category:Irish people of World War I](/wiki/Category:Irish_people_of_World_War_I \"Irish people of World War I\")\n[Category:1893 births](/wiki/Category:1893_births \"1893 births\")\n[Category:1979 deaths](/wiki/Category:1979_deaths \"1979 deaths\")\n[Category:Alumni of King's Inns](/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_King%27s_Inns \"Alumni of King's Inns\")\n[Category:20th\\-century British women lawyers](/wiki/Category:20th-century_British_women_lawyers \"20th-century British women lawyers\")\n[Category:20th\\-century Irish women lawyers](/wiki/Category:20th-century_Irish_women_lawyers \"20th-century Irish women lawyers\")\n\n"
]
} |
Little Hatchet Mountains | {
"id": [
27199084
],
"name": [
"Entranced98"
]
} | g7wqfo0cf69jrhxh1a3j23dpcoj6112 | 2024-07-30T14:06:43Z | 1,133,970,167 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n**Little Hatchet Mountains** is a [mountain range](/wiki/Mountain_range \"Mountain range\") in [Hidalgo](/wiki/Hidalgo_County%2C_New_Mexico \"Hidalgo County, New Mexico\") and [Grant Counties](/wiki/Grant_County%2C_New_Mexico \"Grant County, New Mexico\"), [New Mexico](/wiki/New_Mexico \"New Mexico\"). The range trends north and south between [Hatchita Valley](/wiki/Hatchita_Valley \"Hatchita Valley\") to the east and [Playas Valley](/wiki/Playas_Valley \"Playas Valley\") to the west. Its tallest height is [Hatchita Peak](/wiki/Hatchita_Peak \"Hatchita Peak\") located at at an elevation of in Hidalgo County.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Mountain ranges of New Mexico](/wiki/Category:Mountain_ranges_of_New_Mexico \"Mountain ranges of New Mexico\")\n[Category:Mountain ranges of Grant County, New Mexico](/wiki/Category:Mountain_ranges_of_Grant_County%2C_New_Mexico \"Mountain ranges of Grant County, New Mexico\")\n[Category:Mountain ranges of Hidalgo County, New Mexico](/wiki/Category:Mountain_ranges_of_Hidalgo_County%2C_New_Mexico \"Mountain ranges of Hidalgo County, New Mexico\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Merv Cowan | {
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7903804
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"Citation bot"
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} | qh7naeewp1tdspfia06d3ennz2d0m8e | 2022-10-18T07:08:51Z | 1,043,374,169 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Playing career",
"Coaching career",
"Recognition and legacy",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
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"content": [
"\n\n**Mervyn George** \"**Merv**\" **Cowan** (5 April 1925 – 22 May 2016\\) was an [Australian rules footballer](/wiki/Australian_rules_football \"Australian rules football\") who served as an administrator of the sport for five decades after his retirement from playing. After a 193\\-game playing career that included one [Western Australian National Football League](/wiki/West_Australian_Football_League \"West Australian Football League\") (WANFL) premiership, Cowan moved into administration of the sport and was active within Western Australian football until beyond his 70th birthday. His contribution to the sport was recognised with his induction into the [West Australian Football Hall of Fame](/wiki/West_Australian_Football_Hall_of_Fame \"West Australian Football Hall of Fame\") in 2007\\.\n\n",
"Playing career\n--------------\n\nCowan started his football career as a 17\\-year\\-old with [South Fremantle](/wiki/South_Fremantle_Football_Club \"South Fremantle Football Club\") in 1942\\. He played 24 games for the Bulldogs between 1942 and 1943, during which time the league operated as an under\\-ages competition due to most senior players being involved in Australia's effort in [World War II](/wiki/World_War_II \"World War II\"). Cowan himself enlisted with the [Royal Australian Navy](/wiki/Royal_Australian_Navy \"Royal Australian Navy\") in July 1943 at the age of eighteen and served a period of almost three years.\n\nAfter his return from the war, Cowan wanted to resume his career with South Fremantle; however, he was required to play with their arch rival [East Fremantle](/wiki/East_Fremantle_Football_Club \"East Fremantle Football Club\") as he had lived within their recruiting zone. Cowan spent ten years with Old Easts, including two seasons as captain in 1953 and 1954\\. He ended his playing career in 1957 as a member of East Fremantle's first premiership side since 1946\\. Cowan played in 21 of the team's 24 games in the 1957 season and started in the [back pocket](/wiki/Back_pocket \"Back pocket\") position for the 16\\-point grand final against [East Perth](/wiki/East_Perth_Football_Club \"East Perth Football Club\"). Cowan played a total of 169 games for East Fremantle and received 11 [Sandover Medal](/wiki/Sandover_Medal \"Sandover Medal\") votes during his career.\n\n",
"Coaching career\n---------------\n\nFollowing his retirement as a player Cowan spent one year as coach of the Old Easts' reserves side. He subsequently was nominated to become a life member of the club. In later years ten of his teammates from the 1957 grand final team were also bestowed with the honour.\n\n",
"Recognition and legacy\n----------------------\n\nCowan was inducted into the [West Australian Football Hall of Fame](/wiki/West_Australian_Football_Hall_of_Fame \"West Australian Football Hall of Fame\") in March 2007 for his role as an administrator of the sport in Western Australia. In 2012 East Fremantle established its own [Hall of Fame](/wiki/East_Fremantle_Football_Club_Hall_of_Fame \"East Fremantle Football Club Hall of Fame\"), naming Cowan as one of nine inaugural inductees to be conferred \"Legend\" status.\n\nCowan's contribution to sport in Fremantle and Western Australia has been recognised in many ways, including an entrance gate at [Subiaco Oval](/wiki/Subiaco_Oval \"Subiaco Oval\"), a grandstand at [East Fremantle Oval](/wiki/East_Fremantle_Oval \"East Fremantle Oval\") and a park in the town of East Fremantle all being named after him.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1925 births](/wiki/Category:1925_births \"1925 births\")\n[Category:2016 deaths](/wiki/Category:2016_deaths \"2016 deaths\")\n[Category:Australian rules footballers from Western Australia](/wiki/Category:Australian_rules_footballers_from_Western_Australia \"Australian rules footballers from Western Australia\")\n[Category:East Fremantle Football Club players](/wiki/Category:East_Fremantle_Football_Club_players \"East Fremantle Football Club players\")\n[Category:West Australian Football Hall of Fame inductees](/wiki/Category:West_Australian_Football_Hall_of_Fame_inductees \"West Australian Football Hall of Fame inductees\")\n[Category:East Fremantle Football Club administrators](/wiki/Category:East_Fremantle_Football_Club_administrators \"East Fremantle Football Club administrators\")\n[Category:Fremantle Football Club administrators](/wiki/Category:Fremantle_Football_Club_administrators \"Fremantle Football Club administrators\")\n[Category:South Fremantle Football Club players](/wiki/Category:South_Fremantle_Football_Club_players \"South Fremantle Football Club players\")\n[Category:Royal Australian Navy personnel of World War II](/wiki/Category:Royal_Australian_Navy_personnel_of_World_War_II \"Royal Australian Navy personnel of World War II\")\n\n"
]
} |
TYC 9486-927-1 | {
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7903804
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} | psdo2cyowmadru6rmry6v1yxmh33e0y | 2024-07-18T22:00:16Z | 1,224,197,802 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Planetary system",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n \n\n \n \n \n \n\n**TYC 9486\\-927\\-1** (also known as **2MASS J21252752\\-8138278**) is the primary of a possible trinary [star system](/wiki/Star_system \"Star system\") located at a distance of 34\\.5 parsecs from [Earth](/wiki/Earth \"Earth\") in the southern direction in the constellation of [Octans](/wiki/Octans \"Octans\"). It is a [BY Draconis variable](/wiki/BY_Draconis_variable \"BY Draconis variable\"), with large starspots causing it to change brightness as it rotates every 13 hours.\n\nTYC 9486\\-927\\-1 has rapid rotation and [coronal](/wiki/Stellar_corona \"Stellar corona\") and [chromospheric activity](/wiki/Chromospheric_activity \"Chromospheric activity\") suggestive of a young age. Observations and multi\\-epoch [radial velocity](/wiki/Radial_velocity \"Radial velocity\") data suggest that TYC 9486\\-927\\-1 is a single, rapidly rotating star rather than a [spectroscopic](/wiki/Spectroscopic \"Spectroscopic\") or tight [visual binary](/wiki/Visual_binary \"Visual binary\"). However, it is still possible that TYC 9486\\-927\\-1 is an equal mass binary with a face\\-on orbit and close separation.\n\nThe candidate secondary stellar companion is 2MASS J21121598–8128452\\. It is a [red dwarf](/wiki/Red_dwarf \"Red dwarf\") star of spectral class M5\\.5\\. Its projected separation from the primary would be 62,700 [AU](/wiki/Astronomical_unit \"Astronomical unit\"). The candidate tertiary companion is 2MASS J21192028–8145446 \\- of spectral class M6 or M7 and at a projected separation of 31,000 [AU](/wiki/Astronomical_units \"Astronomical units\") from the primary.\n\n",
"Planetary system\n----------------\n\nThe planet [2MASS J21265040\\-8140293](/wiki/2MASS_J21265040-8140293 \"2MASS J21265040-8140293\") orbits TYC 9486\\-927\\-1 at a projected separation of . With a mass from 11\\.6 to 15 [Jupiter](/wiki/Jupiter \"Jupiter\") masses, it is considered to be either a brown dwarf, or a giant planet.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Octans](/wiki/Category:Octans \"Octans\")\n[J21252752\\-8138278](/wiki/Category:2MASS_objects \"2MASS objects\")\n[Category:Planetary systems with one confirmed planet](/wiki/Category:Planetary_systems_with_one_confirmed_planet \"Planetary systems with one confirmed planet\")\n[Category:M\\-type main\\-sequence stars](/wiki/Category:M-type_main-sequence_stars \"M-type main-sequence stars\")\n[3](/wiki/Category:Multiple_star_systems \"Multiple star systems\")\n[Octantis, FT](/wiki/Category:Objects_with_variable_star_designations \"Objects with variable star designations\")\n\n"
]
} |
Psychosine | {
"id": [
1461430
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"name": [
"Headbomb"
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} | brn400b5160ok1tk4cbm1tabhqxru4p | 2023-12-11T01:51:37Z | 1,153,519,100 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Psychosine** is a highly [cytotoxic](/wiki/Cytotoxic \"Cytotoxic\") [lipid](/wiki/Lipid \"Lipid\") that accumulates in the nervous system in the absence of [galactosylceramidase](/wiki/Galactosylceramidase \"Galactosylceramidase\").\n\nChemically, it is a [galactoside](/wiki/Galactoside \"Galactoside\") of [sphingosine](/wiki/Sphingosine \"Sphingosine\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Lipids](/wiki/Category:Lipids \"Lipids\")\n[Category:Galactosides](/wiki/Category:Galactosides \"Galactosides\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Brupbacher | {
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20585603
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"name": [
"Bot1058"
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} | e5fts7pvsxr80gojm76ma18slq7pxmy | 2021-07-30T23:01:40Z | 1,036,338,889 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Brupbacher"
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"level": [
1
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"content": [
"**Brupbacher** is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:\n\n* [Fredy Brupbacher](/wiki/Fredy_Brupbacher \"Fredy Brupbacher\") (1934–2018\\), Swiss alpine skier\n* [Fritz Brupbacher](/wiki/Fritz_Brupbacher \"Fritz Brupbacher\") (1874–1945\\), Swiss doctor and writer\n* [Joëlle Brupbacher](/wiki/Jo%C3%ABlle_Brupbacher \"Joëlle Brupbacher\") (1978–2011\\), Swiss mountaineer\n* [Ross Brupbacher](/wiki/Ross_Brupbacher \"Ross Brupbacher\") (born 1948\\), American football player\n\n"
]
} |
Konrad Schiemann | {
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46481700
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"HistoryBook123"
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} | innlxy3u2at39oby6b3whrs0zd8mqdw | 2024-07-31T00:08:04Z | 1,232,825,915 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Judgments in Court of Justice of the European Union, the European Court of Human Rights and the Court of Appeal of England and Wales",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Sir Konrad Hermann Theodor Schiemann**, [PC](/wiki/Privy_Council_of_the_United_Kingdom \"Privy Council of the United Kingdom\") (born 15 September 1937\\) is a former German\\-British barrister and judge. He served on the [Court of Appeal](/wiki/Court_of_Appeal_of_England_and_Wales \"Court of Appeal of England and Wales\"), and he was also a member of the [Court of Justice of the European Union](/wiki/Court_of_Justice_of_the_European_Union \"Court of Justice of the European Union\").\n\nSchiemann was born in [Berlin](/wiki/Berlin \"Berlin\") in 1937 to Helmut Schiemann and Beate von Simson. His father was killed during the [Second World War](/wiki/Second_World_War \"Second World War\"), but he and his mother escaped to Munich. After his mother died, he emigrated to England to live with an uncle in 1946\\. He was educated at [King Edward's School, Birmingham](/wiki/King_Edward%27s_School%2C_Birmingham \"King Edward's School, Birmingham\"), [Freiburg University](/wiki/Freiburg_University \"Freiburg University\"), and [Pembroke College, Cambridge](/wiki/Pembroke_College%2C_Cambridge \"Pembroke College, Cambridge\"). In 1965, he married Elisabeth Hanna Eleonore Holroyd\\-Reece, daughter of publisher John Holroyd\\-Reece.\n\n",
"Judgments in Court of Justice of the European Union, the European Court of Human Rights and the Court of Appeal of England and Wales\n------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n* C338/04 – Placanica – Articles 43 EC and 49 EC precludes national legislation, which imposes a criminal penalty on persons for pursuing the organised activity of collecting bets without a licence or a police authorisation as required under the national legislation, where those persons were unable to obtain licences or authorisations because that Member State, in breach of Community law, refused to grant licences or authorisations to such persons.\n* Lucchini C119/05\\- Community law precludes the application of a provision of national law, such as Article 2909 of the Italian Codice Civile (Civil Code), which seeks to lay down the principle of res judicata in so far as the application of that provision prevents the recovery of State aid granted in breach of Community law which has been found to be incompatible with the common market in a decision of the Commission of the European Communities which has become final.\n* C 40/06 – Winner – Organisation of bets on sporting competitions subject to a public monopoly at Land level – Decision of the Bundesverfassungsgericht finding the legislation for such a monopoly incompatible with the German Basic Law, but maintaining the legislation in force during a transitional period designed to allow it to be brought into conformity with the Basic Law – Principle of the primacy of Union law – Admissibility of, and possible conditions for, a transitional period of that type where the national legislation concerned also infringes Articles 43 EC and 49 EC.\n* FIAMM C\\-120\\-06P – Recommendations and rulings of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) Dispute Settlement Body – Determination of the Dispute Settlement Body that the Community regime governing the import of bananas was incompatible with WTO rules – Imposition by the United States of America of retaliatory measures in the form of increased customs duty levied on imports of certain products from various Member States – Retaliatory measures authorised by the WTO – No non\\-contractual Community liability – Duration of the proceedings before the Court of First Instance – Reasonable period – Claim for fair compensation)\n* ČES C\\-115/08 – Action for cessation of actual or potential nuisance caused to land by the activities of a nuclear power plant situated on the territory of another Member State – Obligation to tolerate actual or potential nuisance caused by installations which have been officially authorised in the Member State where the action is brought \\-\n* Opinion 1/08 – GATS pursuant to Article 300(6\\) EC – General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) – Schedules of specific commitments – Conclusion of agreements on the grant of compensation for modification and withdrawal of certain commitments following the accession of new Member States to the European Union – Shared competence – Legal bases – Common commercial policy – Common transport policy.\n* Chapman v United Kingdom Application 27238/95 – the planning authorities were entitled to come to the conclusion that environmental concerns specific to the site outweighed humanitarian concerns specific to the gypsy applicant who wished to leave her caravan on the site.\n* R v S/S for Transport ex p. Factortame \\[1998] EWCA Civ 1971 – An applicant can be entitled to damages for breach of European Union law even if that damage was inflicted pursuant to a UK Act of Parliament.\n* Geraghty v Awad \\[1999] EWCA Civ 3002 – enforceability of conditional fee agreement\n* R v Newham and Manik Bibi \\[2001] EWCA 607 – a Housing Authority can be under a duty to consider the applicants' applications for suitable housing on the basis that they have a legitimate expectation that they will be provided by the Authority with suitable accommodation on a secure tenancy.\n* Vellino v Chief Constable of Greater Manchester \\[2001] EWCA Civ 1249 – a person escaping from police custody can not sue the police for breach of a duty to detain him.\n* Rusbridger v Attorney\\-General \\[2002] EWCA Civ 397 – Permission given to argue that a declaration should be made that section 3 of the 1848 TreasonAct is incompatible with the Human Rights Act 1998\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1937 births](/wiki/Category:1937_births \"1937 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:German emigrants to the United Kingdom](/wiki/Category:German_emigrants_to_the_United_Kingdom \"German emigrants to the United Kingdom\")\n[Category:University of Freiburg alumni](/wiki/Category:University_of_Freiburg_alumni \"University of Freiburg alumni\")\n[Category:Alumni of Pembroke College, Cambridge](/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_Pembroke_College%2C_Cambridge \"Alumni of Pembroke College, Cambridge\")\n[Category:People educated at King Edward's School, Birmingham](/wiki/Category:People_educated_at_King_Edward%27s_School%2C_Birmingham \"People educated at King Edward's School, Birmingham\")\n[Category:21st\\-century English judges](/wiki/Category:21st-century_English_judges \"21st-century English judges\")\n[Category:Lord Justices of Appeal](/wiki/Category:Lord_Justices_of_Appeal \"Lord Justices of Appeal\")\n[Category:Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom](/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Privy_Council_of_the_United_Kingdom \"Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom\")\n[Category:Knights Bachelor](/wiki/Category:Knights_Bachelor \"Knights Bachelor\")\n\n"
]
} |
List of open file formats | {
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19404073
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} | ga3by5v94cmxpq1fz1uq91g9890whyu | 2024-09-17T23:02:29Z | 1,225,741,627 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Multimedia",
"Imaging",
"Audio",
"Video",
"Various",
"Text",
"Archiving and compression",
"Other",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
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"\n\nAn **[open file format](/wiki/Open_file_format \"Open file format\")** is a [file format](/wiki/File_format \"File format\") for storing [digital data](/wiki/Data_%28computing%29 \"Data (computing)\"), defined by a published [specification](/wiki/Specification \"Specification\") usually maintained by a [standards organization](/wiki/Standards_organization \"Standards organization\"), and which can be used and implemented by anyone. For example, an open format can be implemented by both [proprietary](/wiki/Proprietary_software \"Proprietary software\") and [free](/wiki/Free_software \"Free software\") and [open source software](/wiki/Open_source_software \"Open source software\"), using the typical [software licenses](/wiki/Software_license \"Software license\") used by each. In contrast to open formats, [closed formats](/wiki/Proprietary_format \"Proprietary format\") are considered trade secrets. Open formats are also called **free file formats** if they are not encumbered by any copyrights, patents, trademarks or other restrictions (for example, if they are in the [public domain](/wiki/Public_domain \"Public domain\")) so that anyone may use them at no monetary cost for any desired purpose.\n\nOpen formats (in alphabetical order) include:\n\n",
"Multimedia\n----------\n\n### Imaging\n\n* [APNG](/wiki/APNG \"APNG\") – It allows for animated [PNG](/wiki/Portable_Network_Graphics \"Portable Network Graphics\") files that work similarly to animated [GIF](/wiki/GIF \"GIF\") files.\n* [AVIF](/wiki/AVIF \"AVIF\") – An image format using [AV1](/wiki/AV1 \"AV1\") compression.\n* [FLIF](/wiki/FLIF \"FLIF\") – Free Lossless Image Format.\n* [GBR](/wiki/Gerber_format \"Gerber format\") – a [2D](/wiki/2D_computer_graphics \"2D computer graphics\") binary vector image file format, the de facto standard in the printed circuit board (PCB) industry\n* [GIF](/wiki/Graphics_Interchange_Format \"Graphics Interchange Format\") – CompuServe's Graphics Interchange Format (openly published specification, but patent\\-encumbered by a third party; became free when patents expired in 2004\\)\n* [JPEG](/wiki/JPEG \"JPEG\") – a lossy image format widely used to display photographic images, standardized by ISO/IEC\n* [JPEG 2000](/wiki/JPEG_2000 \"JPEG 2000\") – an image format standardized by ISO/IEC\n* [JPEG XL](/wiki/JPEG_XL \"JPEG XL\") – an image format designed to outperform and replace existing formats. Especially [legacy JPEG](/wiki/JPEG \"JPEG\"). Supports both lossy and lossless compression.\n* [MNG](/wiki/Multiple-image_Network_Graphics \"Multiple-image Network Graphics\") – moving pictures, based on PNG\n* [OpenEXR](/wiki/OpenEXR \"OpenEXR\") – a high dynamic range imaging image file format, released as an open standard along with a set of software tools created by Industrial Light and Magic (ILM).\n* [OpenRaster](/wiki/OpenRaster \"OpenRaster\") – a format for raster graphics editors that saves layers\n* [PNG](/wiki/Portable_Network_Graphics \"Portable Network Graphics\") – a raster image format standardized by ISO/IEC\n* [QOI](/wiki/QOI_%28image_format%29 \"QOI (image format)\") – a simple, fast and lossless open source image file format <https://qoiformat.org/>\n* [SVG](/wiki/Scalable_Vector_Graphics \"Scalable Vector Graphics\") – a vector image format standardized by W3C\n* [WebP](/wiki/WebP \"WebP\") – image format developed by [Google](/wiki/Google \"Google\")\n* [XPM](/wiki/X_PixMap \"X PixMap\") – image file format used by the [X Window System](/wiki/X_Window_System \"X Window System\")\n\n### Audio\n\n* [ALAC](/wiki/Apple_Lossless \"Apple Lossless\") – lossless audio codec, previously a [proprietary format](/wiki/Proprietary_format \"Proprietary format\") of [Apple Inc.](/wiki/Apple_Inc. \"Apple Inc.\")\n* [FLAC](/wiki/FLAC \"FLAC\") – lossless [audio codec](/wiki/Audio_codec \"Audio codec\")\n* [DAISY Digital Talking Book](/wiki/DAISY_Digital_Talking_Book \"DAISY Digital Talking Book\") – a talking book format\n* [Musepack](/wiki/Musepack \"Musepack\") – an audio codec\n* [MP3](/wiki/MP3 \"MP3\") – lossy audio codec, previously patented\n* [Ogg](/wiki/Ogg \"Ogg\") – container for [Vorbis](/wiki/Vorbis \"Vorbis\"), [FLAC](/wiki/FLAC \"FLAC\"), [Speex](/wiki/Speex \"Speex\") and [Opus](/wiki/Opus_%28audio_format%29 \"Opus (audio format)\") (audio formats) \\& [Theora](/wiki/Theora \"Theora\") (a video format), each of which is an open format\n* [Opus](/wiki/Opus_%28audio_format%29 \"Opus (audio format)\") – a lossy audio compression format developed by the [IETF](/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force \"Internet Engineering Task Force\"). Suitable for [VoIP](/wiki/VoIP \"VoIP\"), videoconferencing (just audio), music transmission over the Internet and streaming applications (just audio).\n* [Speex](/wiki/Speex \"Speex\") – speech codec\n* [Vorbis](/wiki/Vorbis \"Vorbis\") – a lossy audio compression format.\n* [WavPack](/wiki/WavPack \"WavPack\") – \"Hybrid\" (lossless/lossy) audio codec\n\n### Video\n\n* [AV1](/wiki/AV1 \"AV1\")\n* [Dirac](/wiki/Dirac_%28video_compression_format%29 \"Dirac (video compression format)\") – a video compression format supporting both lossless and lossy compression\n* [Matroska (mkv)](/wiki/Matroska \"Matroska\") – container for all type of multimedia formats (audio, video, images, subtitles)\n* [WebM](/wiki/WebM \"WebM\") – a video/audio container format\n* [Theora](/wiki/Theora \"Theora\") – a lossy video compression format.\n\n### Various\n\n* [DAE](/wiki/Collada \"Collada\") \\- A 3D model/scene format standardized by Khronos.\n* [glTF](/wiki/GlTF \"GlTF\") \\- A 3D model/scene format standardized by Khronos.\n* [CMML](/wiki/Continuous_Media_Markup_Language \"Continuous Media Markup Language\") – timed metadata and subtitles\n* [SMIL](/wiki/Synchronized_Multimedia_Integration_Language \"Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language\") – a media playlisting format and multimedia integration language\n* [VRML](/wiki/VRML \"VRML\")/[X3D](/wiki/X3D \"X3D\") – realtime 3D data formats standardized by ISO/IEC\n* [XSPF](/wiki/XML_Shareable_Playlist_Format \"XML Shareable Playlist Format\") – a playlist format for multimedia\n\n### Text\n\n* [Plain text](/wiki/Plain_text \"Plain text\") – encoded in numerous non\\-proprietary encodings, such as [ASCII](/wiki/ASCII \"ASCII\")\n* [CSV](/wiki/Comma-separated_values \"Comma-separated values\") – comma\\-separated values, commonly used for [spreadsheets](/wiki/Spreadsheet \"Spreadsheet\") or simple [databases](/wiki/Database \"Database\")\n* [HTML](/wiki/Hypertext_Markup_Language \"Hypertext Markup Language\") – HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is the main markup language for creating web pages and other information that can be displayed in a web browser.\n* [Unicode Transformation Formats](/wiki/Unicode_Transformation_Format \"Unicode Transformation Format\") – text [encodings](/wiki/Character_encoding \"Character encoding\") with support for all common languages and scripts\n\t+ [UTF\\-8](/wiki/UTF-8 \"UTF-8\") – [byte oriented](/wiki/Byte_oriented \"Byte oriented\") and ASCII compatible\n\t+ [UTF\\-16](/wiki/UTF-16 \"UTF-16\") – 16\\-bit oriented\n* [Markdown](/wiki/Markdown \"Markdown\") – Lightweight markup language that converts to HTML\n* [DVI](/wiki/DVI_%28file_format%29 \"DVI (file format)\") – device independent (TeX)\n* [DocBook](/wiki/DocBook \"DocBook\") – [XML](/wiki/XML \"XML\")\\-based standard to publish books\n* [Darwin Information Typing Architecture](/wiki/Darwin_Information_Typing_Architecture \"Darwin Information Typing Architecture\") – adaptable XML\\-based format for technical documentation, maintained by the [OASIS](/wiki/OASIS_%28organization%29 \"OASIS (organization)\") consortium\n* [ePub](/wiki/EPUB \"EPUB\") – e\\-book standard by the International Digital Publishing Forum (IDPF)\n* [FictionBook](/wiki/FictionBook \"FictionBook\") – XML\\-based e\\-book format, which originated and gained popularity in Russia\n* [LaTeX](/wiki/LaTeX \"LaTeX\") – document markup language\n* [Office Open XML](/wiki/Office_Open_XML \"Office Open XML\") – a formatted text format (ISO/IEC 29500:2008\\); see [Licensing](/wiki/Office_Open_XML%23Licensing \"Office Open XML#Licensing\") for details\n* [OpenDocument](/wiki/OpenDocument \"OpenDocument\") – a formatted text format (ISO/IEC 26300:2006\\); see [Licensing](/wiki/OpenDocument%23Licensing \"OpenDocument#Licensing\") for details\n* [OpenXPS](/wiki/OpenXPS \"OpenXPS\") – open standard for a page description language and a fixed\\-document format\n* [PDF](/wiki/Portable_Document_Format \"Portable Document Format\") started as a proprietary standard. PDF version 1\\.7 was standardized as ISO 32000\\-1 in 2008\\. However, some technologies indispensable for the full implementation of ISO 32000\\-1 are defined only by Adobe and remain proprietary (e.g. Adobe XML Forms Architecture, Adobe JavaScript). ISO 32000\\-2:2017 (PDF 2\\.0\\) does not include these dependencies. Various subsets of PDF have been standardized to meet a variety of needs, including ISO 15930 ([PDF/X](/wiki/PDF/X \"PDF/X\")), ISO 19005 ([PDF/A](/wiki/PDF/A \"PDF/A\")), ISO 14829 ([PDF/UA](/wiki/PDF/UA \"PDF/UA\")) and ISO 24517 ([PDF/E](/wiki/PDF/E \"PDF/E\")). The [PDF Association](/wiki/PDF_Association \"PDF Association\") has also standardized [PDF/raster](https://www.pdfa.org/publication/pdfraster-1-0/)).\n* [PostScript](/wiki/PostScript \"PostScript\") – a [page description language](/wiki/Page_description_language \"Page description language\") and [programming language](/wiki/Programming_language \"Programming language\"), started as a proprietary standard but is now a public specification.\n* [XHTML](/wiki/XHTML \"XHTML\") – XHTML (Extensible HyperText Markup Language) is a family of XML markup languages that mirror or extend versions of the widely used Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), the language in which web pages are written.\n* [ZIM](/wiki/ZIM_%28file_format%29 \"ZIM (file format)\") – a file format that stores [wiki](/wiki/Wiki \"Wiki\") content for offline usage.\n",
"### Imaging\n\n* [APNG](/wiki/APNG \"APNG\") – It allows for animated [PNG](/wiki/Portable_Network_Graphics \"Portable Network Graphics\") files that work similarly to animated [GIF](/wiki/GIF \"GIF\") files.\n* [AVIF](/wiki/AVIF \"AVIF\") – An image format using [AV1](/wiki/AV1 \"AV1\") compression.\n* [FLIF](/wiki/FLIF \"FLIF\") – Free Lossless Image Format.\n* [GBR](/wiki/Gerber_format \"Gerber format\") – a [2D](/wiki/2D_computer_graphics \"2D computer graphics\") binary vector image file format, the de facto standard in the printed circuit board (PCB) industry\n* [GIF](/wiki/Graphics_Interchange_Format \"Graphics Interchange Format\") – CompuServe's Graphics Interchange Format (openly published specification, but patent\\-encumbered by a third party; became free when patents expired in 2004\\)\n* [JPEG](/wiki/JPEG \"JPEG\") – a lossy image format widely used to display photographic images, standardized by ISO/IEC\n* [JPEG 2000](/wiki/JPEG_2000 \"JPEG 2000\") – an image format standardized by ISO/IEC\n* [JPEG XL](/wiki/JPEG_XL \"JPEG XL\") – an image format designed to outperform and replace existing formats. Especially [legacy JPEG](/wiki/JPEG \"JPEG\"). Supports both lossy and lossless compression.\n* [MNG](/wiki/Multiple-image_Network_Graphics \"Multiple-image Network Graphics\") – moving pictures, based on PNG\n* [OpenEXR](/wiki/OpenEXR \"OpenEXR\") – a high dynamic range imaging image file format, released as an open standard along with a set of software tools created by Industrial Light and Magic (ILM).\n* [OpenRaster](/wiki/OpenRaster \"OpenRaster\") – a format for raster graphics editors that saves layers\n* [PNG](/wiki/Portable_Network_Graphics \"Portable Network Graphics\") – a raster image format standardized by ISO/IEC\n* [QOI](/wiki/QOI_%28image_format%29 \"QOI (image format)\") – a simple, fast and lossless open source image file format <https://qoiformat.org/>\n* [SVG](/wiki/Scalable_Vector_Graphics \"Scalable Vector Graphics\") – a vector image format standardized by W3C\n* [WebP](/wiki/WebP \"WebP\") – image format developed by [Google](/wiki/Google \"Google\")\n* [XPM](/wiki/X_PixMap \"X PixMap\") – image file format used by the [X Window System](/wiki/X_Window_System \"X Window System\")\n",
"### Audio\n\n* [ALAC](/wiki/Apple_Lossless \"Apple Lossless\") – lossless audio codec, previously a [proprietary format](/wiki/Proprietary_format \"Proprietary format\") of [Apple Inc.](/wiki/Apple_Inc. \"Apple Inc.\")\n* [FLAC](/wiki/FLAC \"FLAC\") – lossless [audio codec](/wiki/Audio_codec \"Audio codec\")\n* [DAISY Digital Talking Book](/wiki/DAISY_Digital_Talking_Book \"DAISY Digital Talking Book\") – a talking book format\n* [Musepack](/wiki/Musepack \"Musepack\") – an audio codec\n* [MP3](/wiki/MP3 \"MP3\") – lossy audio codec, previously patented\n* [Ogg](/wiki/Ogg \"Ogg\") – container for [Vorbis](/wiki/Vorbis \"Vorbis\"), [FLAC](/wiki/FLAC \"FLAC\"), [Speex](/wiki/Speex \"Speex\") and [Opus](/wiki/Opus_%28audio_format%29 \"Opus (audio format)\") (audio formats) \\& [Theora](/wiki/Theora \"Theora\") (a video format), each of which is an open format\n* [Opus](/wiki/Opus_%28audio_format%29 \"Opus (audio format)\") – a lossy audio compression format developed by the [IETF](/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force \"Internet Engineering Task Force\"). Suitable for [VoIP](/wiki/VoIP \"VoIP\"), videoconferencing (just audio), music transmission over the Internet and streaming applications (just audio).\n* [Speex](/wiki/Speex \"Speex\") – speech codec\n* [Vorbis](/wiki/Vorbis \"Vorbis\") – a lossy audio compression format.\n* [WavPack](/wiki/WavPack \"WavPack\") – \"Hybrid\" (lossless/lossy) audio codec\n",
"### Video\n\n* [AV1](/wiki/AV1 \"AV1\")\n* [Dirac](/wiki/Dirac_%28video_compression_format%29 \"Dirac (video compression format)\") – a video compression format supporting both lossless and lossy compression\n* [Matroska (mkv)](/wiki/Matroska \"Matroska\") – container for all type of multimedia formats (audio, video, images, subtitles)\n* [WebM](/wiki/WebM \"WebM\") – a video/audio container format\n* [Theora](/wiki/Theora \"Theora\") – a lossy video compression format.\n",
"### Various\n\n* [DAE](/wiki/Collada \"Collada\") \\- A 3D model/scene format standardized by Khronos.\n* [glTF](/wiki/GlTF \"GlTF\") \\- A 3D model/scene format standardized by Khronos.\n* [CMML](/wiki/Continuous_Media_Markup_Language \"Continuous Media Markup Language\") – timed metadata and subtitles\n* [SMIL](/wiki/Synchronized_Multimedia_Integration_Language \"Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language\") – a media playlisting format and multimedia integration language\n* [VRML](/wiki/VRML \"VRML\")/[X3D](/wiki/X3D \"X3D\") – realtime 3D data formats standardized by ISO/IEC\n* [XSPF](/wiki/XML_Shareable_Playlist_Format \"XML Shareable Playlist Format\") – a playlist format for multimedia\n",
"### Text\n\n* [Plain text](/wiki/Plain_text \"Plain text\") – encoded in numerous non\\-proprietary encodings, such as [ASCII](/wiki/ASCII \"ASCII\")\n* [CSV](/wiki/Comma-separated_values \"Comma-separated values\") – comma\\-separated values, commonly used for [spreadsheets](/wiki/Spreadsheet \"Spreadsheet\") or simple [databases](/wiki/Database \"Database\")\n* [HTML](/wiki/Hypertext_Markup_Language \"Hypertext Markup Language\") – HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is the main markup language for creating web pages and other information that can be displayed in a web browser.\n* [Unicode Transformation Formats](/wiki/Unicode_Transformation_Format \"Unicode Transformation Format\") – text [encodings](/wiki/Character_encoding \"Character encoding\") with support for all common languages and scripts\n\t+ [UTF\\-8](/wiki/UTF-8 \"UTF-8\") – [byte oriented](/wiki/Byte_oriented \"Byte oriented\") and ASCII compatible\n\t+ [UTF\\-16](/wiki/UTF-16 \"UTF-16\") – 16\\-bit oriented\n* [Markdown](/wiki/Markdown \"Markdown\") – Lightweight markup language that converts to HTML\n* [DVI](/wiki/DVI_%28file_format%29 \"DVI (file format)\") – device independent (TeX)\n* [DocBook](/wiki/DocBook \"DocBook\") – [XML](/wiki/XML \"XML\")\\-based standard to publish books\n* [Darwin Information Typing Architecture](/wiki/Darwin_Information_Typing_Architecture \"Darwin Information Typing Architecture\") – adaptable XML\\-based format for technical documentation, maintained by the [OASIS](/wiki/OASIS_%28organization%29 \"OASIS (organization)\") consortium\n* [ePub](/wiki/EPUB \"EPUB\") – e\\-book standard by the International Digital Publishing Forum (IDPF)\n* [FictionBook](/wiki/FictionBook \"FictionBook\") – XML\\-based e\\-book format, which originated and gained popularity in Russia\n* [LaTeX](/wiki/LaTeX \"LaTeX\") – document markup language\n* [Office Open XML](/wiki/Office_Open_XML \"Office Open XML\") – a formatted text format (ISO/IEC 29500:2008\\); see [Licensing](/wiki/Office_Open_XML%23Licensing \"Office Open XML#Licensing\") for details\n* [OpenDocument](/wiki/OpenDocument \"OpenDocument\") – a formatted text format (ISO/IEC 26300:2006\\); see [Licensing](/wiki/OpenDocument%23Licensing \"OpenDocument#Licensing\") for details\n* [OpenXPS](/wiki/OpenXPS \"OpenXPS\") – open standard for a page description language and a fixed\\-document format\n* [PDF](/wiki/Portable_Document_Format \"Portable Document Format\") started as a proprietary standard. PDF version 1\\.7 was standardized as ISO 32000\\-1 in 2008\\. However, some technologies indispensable for the full implementation of ISO 32000\\-1 are defined only by Adobe and remain proprietary (e.g. Adobe XML Forms Architecture, Adobe JavaScript). ISO 32000\\-2:2017 (PDF 2\\.0\\) does not include these dependencies. Various subsets of PDF have been standardized to meet a variety of needs, including ISO 15930 ([PDF/X](/wiki/PDF/X \"PDF/X\")), ISO 19005 ([PDF/A](/wiki/PDF/A \"PDF/A\")), ISO 14829 ([PDF/UA](/wiki/PDF/UA \"PDF/UA\")) and ISO 24517 ([PDF/E](/wiki/PDF/E \"PDF/E\")). The [PDF Association](/wiki/PDF_Association \"PDF Association\") has also standardized [PDF/raster](https://www.pdfa.org/publication/pdfraster-1-0/)).\n* [PostScript](/wiki/PostScript \"PostScript\") – a [page description language](/wiki/Page_description_language \"Page description language\") and [programming language](/wiki/Programming_language \"Programming language\"), started as a proprietary standard but is now a public specification.\n* [XHTML](/wiki/XHTML \"XHTML\") – XHTML (Extensible HyperText Markup Language) is a family of XML markup languages that mirror or extend versions of the widely used Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), the language in which web pages are written.\n* [ZIM](/wiki/ZIM_%28file_format%29 \"ZIM (file format)\") – a file format that stores [wiki](/wiki/Wiki \"Wiki\") content for offline usage.\n",
"Archiving and compression\n-------------------------\n\n* [7z](/wiki/7z \"7z\") – for archiving and/or compression\n* [B1](/wiki/B1_%28archive_format%29 \"B1 (archive format)\") – for archiving and/or compression\n* [bzip2](/wiki/Bzip2 \"Bzip2\") – for compression\n* [gzip](/wiki/Gzip \"Gzip\") – for compression\n* [lzip](/wiki/Lzip \"Lzip\") – for compression\n* [MAFF](/wiki/Mozilla_Archive_Format \"Mozilla Archive Format\") – for web page archiving, based on [ZIP](/wiki/ZIP_%28file_format%29 \"ZIP (file format)\")\n* [PAQ](/wiki/PAQ \"PAQ\") – for compression\n* SQX – for archiving and/or compression\n* [tar](/wiki/Tar_%28file_format%29 \"Tar (file format)\") – for archiving\n* [xz](/wiki/XZ_Utils \"XZ Utils\") – for compression\n* [ZIP](/wiki/ZIP_%28file_format%29 \"ZIP (file format)\") – for archiving and/or compression; the base format is in the public domain, but newer versions have some patented features\n",
"Other\n-----\n\n* [CSS](/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets \"Cascading Style Sheets\") – style sheet format usually used with (X)HTML, standardized by [W3C](/wiki/W3C \"W3C\")\n* [DjVu](/wiki/DjVu \"DjVu\") – file format for scanned images or documents\n* [EAS3](/wiki/EAS3 \"EAS3\") – binary file format for [floating point](/wiki/Floating_point \"Floating point\") data\n* [ELF](/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format \"Executable and Linkable Format\") – Executable and Linkable Format\n* [FreeOTFE](/wiki/FreeOTFE \"FreeOTFE\") – container for encrypted data\n* [GPX](/wiki/GPS_eXchange_Format \"GPS eXchange Format\") – GPs eXchange format – for describing waypoints, tracks and routes\n* [HDF](/wiki/Hierarchical_Data_Format \"Hierarchical Data Format\") – multi\\-platform data format for storing multidimensional arrays, among other data structures\n* [HTML](/wiki/HTML \"HTML\")/[XHTML](/wiki/XHTML \"XHTML\") – [markup language](/wiki/Markup_language \"Markup language\") for [web pages](/wiki/Web_page \"Web page\") (ISO/IEC 15445:2000\\)\n* [iCalendar](/wiki/ICalendar \"ICalendar\") – calendar data format\n* [IFC](/wiki/Industry_Foundation_Classes \"Industry Foundation Classes\") – data model describing building and construction industry data\n* [JSON](/wiki/JSON \"JSON\") – object notation, subset of [YAML](/wiki/YAML \"YAML\") and correct [ECMAScript](/wiki/ECMAScript \"ECMAScript\") statement\n* [LTFS](/wiki/Linear_Tape_File_System \"Linear Tape File System\") – Linear Tape File System\n* [LUKS](/wiki/LUKS \"LUKS\") – disk\\-encryption specification originally intended for Linux\n* [NetCDF](/wiki/NetCDF \"NetCDF\") – data format for multidimensional arrays\n* [NZB](/wiki/NZB \"NZB\") – for multipart binary files on [Usenet](/wiki/Usenet \"Usenet\")\n* [RDF](/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework \"Resource Description Framework\") \\- graph based data model standardized by W3C, includes 7 standard serializations, N\\-Triples, N\\-Quads, Turtle, TriG, RDF/XML, JSON\\-LD and RDFa\n* [RSS](/wiki/RSS \"RSS\") – syndication\n* [SDXF](/wiki/SDXF \"SDXF\") – the Structured Data eXchange Format\n* [SFV](/wiki/Simple_file_verification \"Simple file verification\") – checksum format\n* [Thing Description](/wiki/Thing_Description \"Thing Description\") – file format for [W3C](/wiki/W3C \"W3C\") [Web of Things](/wiki/Web_of_Things \"Web of Things\") data models\n* [TrueCrypt](/wiki/TrueCrypt \"TrueCrypt\") – discontinued container for encrypted data\n* [WOFF](/wiki/Web_Open_Font_Format \"Web Open Font Format\") – font file format used in webpages\n* XCF – GIMP project file\n* [XML](/wiki/Extensible_Markup_Language \"Extensible Markup Language\") – a general\\-purpose [markup language](/wiki/Markup_language \"Markup language\"), standardized by [W3C](/wiki/W3C \"W3C\")\n* [YAML](/wiki/YAML \"YAML\") – human readable data serialization format\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [OpenFormats](https://web.archive.org/web/20130205134336/http://www.openformats.org/main)\n\n[Category:Computer file formats](/wiki/Category:Computer_file_formats \"Computer file formats\")\n\n[Category:Computing\\-related lists](/wiki/Category:Computing-related_lists \"Computing-related lists\")\n\n"
]
} |
Lukáš Bláha | {
"id": [
9784415
],
"name": [
"Tom.Reding"
]
} | a7hi4vqdi0ae4ml0ezk2oworqzascuy | 2024-07-30T13:28:44Z | 1,219,162,461 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Lukáš Bláha** (born June 1, 1996\\) is a [Czech](/wiki/Czech_Republic \"Czech Republic\") professional [ice hockey](/wiki/Ice_hockey \"Ice hockey\") player. He is currently playing for [Piráti Chomutov](/wiki/Pir%C3%A1ti_Chomutov \"Piráti Chomutov\") of the [Czech Extraliga](/wiki/Czech_Extraliga \"Czech Extraliga\").\n\nBláha made his [Czech Extraliga](/wiki/Czech_Extraliga \"Czech Extraliga\") debut playing with [Piráti Chomutov](/wiki/Pir%C3%A1ti_Chomutov \"Piráti Chomutov\") during the [2015\\-16 Czech Extraliga season](/wiki/2015-16_Czech_Extraliga_season \"2015-16 Czech Extraliga season\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1996 births](/wiki/Category:1996_births \"1996 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Piráti Chomutov players](/wiki/Category:Pir%C3%A1ti_Chomutov_players \"Piráti Chomutov players\")\n[Category:Czech ice hockey defencemen](/wiki/Category:Czech_ice_hockey_defencemen \"Czech ice hockey defencemen\")\n[Category:Czech expatriate ice hockey players in France](/wiki/Category:Czech_expatriate_ice_hockey_players_in_France \"Czech expatriate ice hockey players in France\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Rogelio Sanchez State Jail | {
"id": [
207616
],
"name": [
"Lockley"
]
} | i948b1lizmxc6y06bl4cwu5n8uulyby | 2016-07-31T04:56:22Z | null | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **Rogelio Sanchez State Jail** is a medium\\-security prison for men located in [El Paso](/wiki/El_Paso%2C_Texas \"El Paso, Texas\"), [El Paso County, Texas](/wiki/El_Paso_County%2C_Texas \"El Paso County, Texas\"), with an official capacity of 1100\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Prisons in Texas](/wiki/Category:Prisons_in_Texas \"Prisons in Texas\")\n[Category:Buildings and structures in El Paso County, Texas](/wiki/Category:Buildings_and_structures_in_El_Paso_County%2C_Texas \"Buildings and structures in El Paso County, Texas\")\n[Category:1996 establishments in Texas](/wiki/Category:1996_establishments_in_Texas \"1996 establishments in Texas\")\n\n"
]
} |
1943–44 SK Rapid Wien season | {
"id": [
42453789
],
"name": [
"3PPYB6"
]
} | 1cqwzhjagm1fe9pl1hgfm1areikhu1g | 2022-03-09T14:44:28Z | 1,067,174,165 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Squad",
"Squad and statistics",
"Squad statistics",
"Fixtures and results",
"Gauliga",
"Tschammerpokal",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
3,
3,
2,
3,
3,
2
],
"content": [
"\nThe **1943–44 [SK Rapid Wien](/wiki/SK_Rapid_Wien \"SK Rapid Wien\") season** was the 46th season in club history.\n\n",
"Squad\n-----\n\n### Squad and statistics\n\n### Squad statistics\n\n|Nat.\n\nName\n\nGauliga\n\nCup\n\nTotal\n\n| |\n| Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |\n|Goalkeepers\n\n| |[Hans Kovar](/wiki/Hans_Kovar \"Hans Kovar\") 6 | | 1 | | 7 | |\n| |[Rudolf Raftl](/wiki/Rudolf_Raftl \"Rudolf Raftl\") 10 | | | | 10 | |\n|Defenders\n\n| |[Adolf Dumser](/wiki/Adolf_Dumser \"Adolf Dumser\") 3 | | | | 3 | |\n| |[Fritz Durlach](/wiki/Fritz_Durlach \"Fritz Durlach\") 1 | | | | 1 | |\n| |[Ernst Happel](/wiki/Ernst_Happel \"Ernst Happel\") 11 | | | | 11 | |\n| |[Franz Rybicki](/wiki/Franz_Rybicki \"Franz Rybicki\") 16 | | | | 16 | |\n| |[Erwin Tiefengraber](/wiki/Erwin_Tiefengraber \"Erwin Tiefengraber\") | | 1 | | 1 | |\n|Midfielders\n\n| |[Leopold Gernhardt](/wiki/Leopold_Gernhardt \"Leopold Gernhardt\") 7 | | | | 7 | |\n| |[Franz Hofer](/wiki/Franz_Hofer_%28footballer%29 \"Franz Hofer (footballer)\") | | 1 | | 1 | |\n| |[Johann Hofstätter](/wiki/Johann_Hofst%C3%A4tter \"Johann Hofstätter\") 12 | 1 | | | 12 | 1 |\n| |[Josef Kirner](/wiki/Josef_Kirner \"Josef Kirner\") 3 | | | | 3 | |\n| |[Stanislaus Orel](/wiki/Stanislaus_Orel \"Stanislaus Orel\") 4 | 1 | 1 | | 5 | 1 |\n| |[Franz Prak](/wiki/Franz_Prak \"Franz Prak\") 7 | | 1 | | 8 | |\n| |[Engelbert Uridil](/wiki/Engelbert_Uridil \"Engelbert Uridil\") 15 | | 1 | | 16 | |\n| |[Otto Wiedermann](/wiki/Otto_Wiedermann \"Otto Wiedermann\") 2 | | | | 2 | |\n|Forwards\n\n| |[Franciscus Beelen](/wiki/Franciscus_Beelen \"Franciscus Beelen\") 3 | 1 | | | 3 | 1 |\n| |[Franz Binder](/wiki/Franz_Binder \"Franz Binder\") 2 | 4 | | | 2 | 4 |\n| |[Karl Domnanich](/wiki/Karl_Domnanich \"Karl Domnanich\") | | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |\n| |[Hermann Dvoracek](/wiki/Hermann_Dvoracek \"Hermann Dvoracek\") 13 | 12 | 1 | | 14 | 12 |\n| |[Willy Fitz](/wiki/Willy_Fitz \"Willy Fitz\") 11 | 4 | 1 | | 12 | 4 |\n| |[Franz Fuchsberger](/wiki/Franz_Fuchsberger \"Franz Fuchsberger\") 1 | | | | 1 | |\n| |[Franz Kaspirek](/wiki/Franz_Kaspirek \"Franz Kaspirek\") 15 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 16 | 5 |\n| |[Franz Knor](/wiki/Franz_Knor \"Franz Knor\") 6 | 1 | | | 6 | 1 |\n| |[Alfred Körner](/wiki/Alfred_K%C3%B6rner \"Alfred Körner\") 10 | 1 | 1 | | 11 | 1 |\n| |[Robert Körner](/wiki/Robert_K%C3%B6rner \"Robert Körner\") 2 | | | | 2 | |\n| |[Peter Queck](/wiki/Peter_Queck \"Peter Queck\") 13 | 7 | | | 13 | 7 |\n| |Fritz Roth 3 | 2 | | | 3 | 2 |\n\n",
"### Squad and statistics\n\n",
"### Squad statistics\n\n|Nat.\n\nName\n\nGauliga\n\nCup\n\nTotal\n\n| |\n| Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |\n|Goalkeepers\n\n| |[Hans Kovar](/wiki/Hans_Kovar \"Hans Kovar\") 6 | | 1 | | 7 | |\n| |[Rudolf Raftl](/wiki/Rudolf_Raftl \"Rudolf Raftl\") 10 | | | | 10 | |\n|Defenders\n\n| |[Adolf Dumser](/wiki/Adolf_Dumser \"Adolf Dumser\") 3 | | | | 3 | |\n| |[Fritz Durlach](/wiki/Fritz_Durlach \"Fritz Durlach\") 1 | | | | 1 | |\n| |[Ernst Happel](/wiki/Ernst_Happel \"Ernst Happel\") 11 | | | | 11 | |\n| |[Franz Rybicki](/wiki/Franz_Rybicki \"Franz Rybicki\") 16 | | | | 16 | |\n| |[Erwin Tiefengraber](/wiki/Erwin_Tiefengraber \"Erwin Tiefengraber\") | | 1 | | 1 | |\n|Midfielders\n\n| |[Leopold Gernhardt](/wiki/Leopold_Gernhardt \"Leopold Gernhardt\") 7 | | | | 7 | |\n| |[Franz Hofer](/wiki/Franz_Hofer_%28footballer%29 \"Franz Hofer (footballer)\") | | 1 | | 1 | |\n| |[Johann Hofstätter](/wiki/Johann_Hofst%C3%A4tter \"Johann Hofstätter\") 12 | 1 | | | 12 | 1 |\n| |[Josef Kirner](/wiki/Josef_Kirner \"Josef Kirner\") 3 | | | | 3 | |\n| |[Stanislaus Orel](/wiki/Stanislaus_Orel \"Stanislaus Orel\") 4 | 1 | 1 | | 5 | 1 |\n| |[Franz Prak](/wiki/Franz_Prak \"Franz Prak\") 7 | | 1 | | 8 | |\n| |[Engelbert Uridil](/wiki/Engelbert_Uridil \"Engelbert Uridil\") 15 | | 1 | | 16 | |\n| |[Otto Wiedermann](/wiki/Otto_Wiedermann \"Otto Wiedermann\") 2 | | | | 2 | |\n|Forwards\n\n| |[Franciscus Beelen](/wiki/Franciscus_Beelen \"Franciscus Beelen\") 3 | 1 | | | 3 | 1 |\n| |[Franz Binder](/wiki/Franz_Binder \"Franz Binder\") 2 | 4 | | | 2 | 4 |\n| |[Karl Domnanich](/wiki/Karl_Domnanich \"Karl Domnanich\") | | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |\n| |[Hermann Dvoracek](/wiki/Hermann_Dvoracek \"Hermann Dvoracek\") 13 | 12 | 1 | | 14 | 12 |\n| |[Willy Fitz](/wiki/Willy_Fitz \"Willy Fitz\") 11 | 4 | 1 | | 12 | 4 |\n| |[Franz Fuchsberger](/wiki/Franz_Fuchsberger \"Franz Fuchsberger\") 1 | | | | 1 | |\n| |[Franz Kaspirek](/wiki/Franz_Kaspirek \"Franz Kaspirek\") 15 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 16 | 5 |\n| |[Franz Knor](/wiki/Franz_Knor \"Franz Knor\") 6 | 1 | | | 6 | 1 |\n| |[Alfred Körner](/wiki/Alfred_K%C3%B6rner \"Alfred Körner\") 10 | 1 | 1 | | 11 | 1 |\n| |[Robert Körner](/wiki/Robert_K%C3%B6rner \"Robert Körner\") 2 | | | | 2 | |\n| |[Peter Queck](/wiki/Peter_Queck \"Peter Queck\") 13 | 7 | | | 13 | 7 |\n| |Fritz Roth 3 | 2 | | | 3 | 2 |\n\n",
"Fixtures and results\n--------------------\n\n \n\n### Gauliga\n\n| | Date | Venue | Opponent | | | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| | 22\\.08\\.1943 | [H](/wiki/Ernst-Happel-Stadion \"Ernst-Happel-Stadion\") | [FC Wien](/wiki/FC_Wien \"FC Wien\") | 3\\-0 | 10,000 | [Dvoracek](/wiki/Hermann_Dvoracek \"Hermann Dvoracek\") |\n| | 05\\.09\\.1943 | [H](/wiki/Pfarrwiese \"Pfarrwiese\") | [FAC](/wiki/Floridsdorfer_AC \"Floridsdorfer AC\") | 2\\-2 | 18,000 | [Queck](/wiki/Peter_Queck \"Peter Queck\") , [Körner A.](/wiki/Alfred_K%C3%B6rner \"Alfred Körner\") |\n| | 12\\.09\\.1943 | [H](/wiki/Ernst-Happel-Stadion \"Ernst-Happel-Stadion\") | [Austria Wien](/wiki/FK_Austria_Wien \"FK Austria Wien\") | 1\\-2 | 25,000 | [Dvoracek](/wiki/Hermann_Dvoracek \"Hermann Dvoracek\") |\n| | 10\\.10\\.1943 | [H](/wiki/Pfarrwiese \"Pfarrwiese\") | [Wiener AC](/wiki/Wiener_AC \"Wiener AC\") | 1\\-2 | 7,000 | [Queck](/wiki/Peter_Queck \"Peter Queck\") |\n| | 17\\.10\\.1943 | A | [LSV Markersdorf](/wiki/LSV_Markersdorf_an_der_Pielach \"LSV Markersdorf an der Pielach\") | 1\\-2 | 4,500 | Roth |\n| | 24\\.10\\.1943 | [A](/wiki/Ernst-Happel-Stadion \"Ernst-Happel-Stadion\") | [Vienna](/wiki/First_Vienna_FC \"First Vienna FC\") | 2\\-10 | 20,000 | Roth , [Dvoracek](/wiki/Hermann_Dvoracek \"Hermann Dvoracek\") |\n| | 31\\.10\\.1943 | A | [Wacker Wien](/wiki/FC_Admira_Wacker_M%C3%B6dling \"FC Admira Wacker Mödling\") | 2\\-1 | 10,000 | [Queck](/wiki/Peter_Queck \"Peter Queck\") , [Fitz](/wiki/Willy_Fitz \"Willy Fitz\") |\n| | 07\\.11\\.1943 | [A](/wiki/Sportklub_Stadium \"Sportklub Stadium\") | [Wiener SC](/wiki/Wiener_Sport-Club \"Wiener Sport-Club\") | 1\\-2 | 8,000 | [Hofstätter](/wiki/Johann_Hofst%C3%A4tter \"Johann Hofstätter\") |\n| | 14\\.11\\.1943 | A | [FC Wien](/wiki/FC_Wien \"FC Wien\") | 1\\-0 | 12,000 | [Kaspirek](/wiki/Franz_Kaspirek \"Franz Kaspirek\") |\n| | 12\\.12\\.1943 | A | [FAC](/wiki/Floridsdorfer_AC \"Floridsdorfer AC\") | 2\\-3 | 8,000 | [Dvoracek](/wiki/Hermann_Dvoracek \"Hermann Dvoracek\") |\n| | 26\\.03\\.1944 | [A](/wiki/Ernst-Happel-Stadion \"Ernst-Happel-Stadion\") | [Austria Wien](/wiki/FK_Austria_Wien \"FK Austria Wien\") | 0\\-2 | 7,000 | |\n| | 19\\.03\\.1944 | [A](/wiki/Ernst-Happel-Stadion \"Ernst-Happel-Stadion\") | [Wiener AC](/wiki/Wiener_AC \"Wiener AC\") | 4\\-2 | 7,000 | [Queck](/wiki/Peter_Queck \"Peter Queck\") , [Kaspirek](/wiki/Franz_Kaspirek \"Franz Kaspirek\") , [Dvoracek](/wiki/Hermann_Dvoracek \"Hermann Dvoracek\") |\n| | 23\\.04\\.1944 | [H](/wiki/Pfarrwiese \"Pfarrwiese\") | [LSV Markersdorf](/wiki/LSV_Markersdorf_an_der_Pielach \"LSV Markersdorf an der Pielach\") | 3\\-3 | 5,000 | [Beelen](/wiki/Franciscus_Beelen \"Franciscus Beelen\") , [Orel](/wiki/Stanislaus_Orel \"Stanislaus Orel\") , [Queck](/wiki/Peter_Queck \"Peter Queck\") |\n| | 13\\.05\\.1944 | [H](/wiki/Pfarrwiese \"Pfarrwiese\") | [Vienna](/wiki/First_Vienna_FC \"First Vienna FC\") | 1\\-3 | 6,000 | [Knor F.](/wiki/Franz_Knor \"Franz Knor\") |\n| | 02\\.04\\.1944 | H | [Wacker Wien](/wiki/FC_Admira_Wacker_M%C3%B6dling \"FC Admira Wacker Mödling\") | 4\\-4 | 7,500 | [Fitz](/wiki/Willy_Fitz \"Willy Fitz\") , [Queck](/wiki/Peter_Queck \"Peter Queck\") , [Dvoracek](/wiki/Hermann_Dvoracek \"Hermann Dvoracek\") |\n| | 09\\.04\\.1944 | [H](/wiki/Pfarrwiese \"Pfarrwiese\") | [Wiener SC](/wiki/Wiener_Sport-Club \"Wiener Sport-Club\") | 9\\-4 | 5,000 | [Dvoracek](/wiki/Hermann_Dvoracek \"Hermann Dvoracek\") , [Binder](/wiki/Franz_Binder \"Franz Binder\") , [Kaspirek](/wiki/Franz_Kaspirek \"Franz Kaspirek\") , [Queck](/wiki/Peter_Queck \"Peter Queck\") , [Fitz](/wiki/Willy_Fitz \"Willy Fitz\") |\n\n### Tschammerpokal\n\n| | Date | Venue | Opponent | | | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| | 23\\.05\\.1943 | A | [Kapfenberg](/wiki/Kapfenberger_SV \"Kapfenberger SV\") | 3\\-6 | 6,000 | [Kaspirek](/wiki/Franz_Kaspirek \"Franz Kaspirek\") , [Domnanich K.](/wiki/Karl_Domnanich \"Karl Domnanich\") |\n\n",
"### Gauliga\n\n| | Date | Venue | Opponent | | | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| | 22\\.08\\.1943 | [H](/wiki/Ernst-Happel-Stadion \"Ernst-Happel-Stadion\") | [FC Wien](/wiki/FC_Wien \"FC Wien\") | 3\\-0 | 10,000 | [Dvoracek](/wiki/Hermann_Dvoracek \"Hermann Dvoracek\") |\n| | 05\\.09\\.1943 | [H](/wiki/Pfarrwiese \"Pfarrwiese\") | [FAC](/wiki/Floridsdorfer_AC \"Floridsdorfer AC\") | 2\\-2 | 18,000 | [Queck](/wiki/Peter_Queck \"Peter Queck\") , [Körner A.](/wiki/Alfred_K%C3%B6rner \"Alfred Körner\") |\n| | 12\\.09\\.1943 | [H](/wiki/Ernst-Happel-Stadion \"Ernst-Happel-Stadion\") | [Austria Wien](/wiki/FK_Austria_Wien \"FK Austria Wien\") | 1\\-2 | 25,000 | [Dvoracek](/wiki/Hermann_Dvoracek \"Hermann Dvoracek\") |\n| | 10\\.10\\.1943 | [H](/wiki/Pfarrwiese \"Pfarrwiese\") | [Wiener AC](/wiki/Wiener_AC \"Wiener AC\") | 1\\-2 | 7,000 | [Queck](/wiki/Peter_Queck \"Peter Queck\") |\n| | 17\\.10\\.1943 | A | [LSV Markersdorf](/wiki/LSV_Markersdorf_an_der_Pielach \"LSV Markersdorf an der Pielach\") | 1\\-2 | 4,500 | Roth |\n| | 24\\.10\\.1943 | [A](/wiki/Ernst-Happel-Stadion \"Ernst-Happel-Stadion\") | [Vienna](/wiki/First_Vienna_FC \"First Vienna FC\") | 2\\-10 | 20,000 | Roth , [Dvoracek](/wiki/Hermann_Dvoracek \"Hermann Dvoracek\") |\n| | 31\\.10\\.1943 | A | [Wacker Wien](/wiki/FC_Admira_Wacker_M%C3%B6dling \"FC Admira Wacker Mödling\") | 2\\-1 | 10,000 | [Queck](/wiki/Peter_Queck \"Peter Queck\") , [Fitz](/wiki/Willy_Fitz \"Willy Fitz\") |\n| | 07\\.11\\.1943 | [A](/wiki/Sportklub_Stadium \"Sportklub Stadium\") | [Wiener SC](/wiki/Wiener_Sport-Club \"Wiener Sport-Club\") | 1\\-2 | 8,000 | [Hofstätter](/wiki/Johann_Hofst%C3%A4tter \"Johann Hofstätter\") |\n| | 14\\.11\\.1943 | A | [FC Wien](/wiki/FC_Wien \"FC Wien\") | 1\\-0 | 12,000 | [Kaspirek](/wiki/Franz_Kaspirek \"Franz Kaspirek\") |\n| | 12\\.12\\.1943 | A | [FAC](/wiki/Floridsdorfer_AC \"Floridsdorfer AC\") | 2\\-3 | 8,000 | [Dvoracek](/wiki/Hermann_Dvoracek \"Hermann Dvoracek\") |\n| | 26\\.03\\.1944 | [A](/wiki/Ernst-Happel-Stadion \"Ernst-Happel-Stadion\") | [Austria Wien](/wiki/FK_Austria_Wien \"FK Austria Wien\") | 0\\-2 | 7,000 | |\n| | 19\\.03\\.1944 | [A](/wiki/Ernst-Happel-Stadion \"Ernst-Happel-Stadion\") | [Wiener AC](/wiki/Wiener_AC \"Wiener AC\") | 4\\-2 | 7,000 | [Queck](/wiki/Peter_Queck \"Peter Queck\") , [Kaspirek](/wiki/Franz_Kaspirek \"Franz Kaspirek\") , [Dvoracek](/wiki/Hermann_Dvoracek \"Hermann Dvoracek\") |\n| | 23\\.04\\.1944 | [H](/wiki/Pfarrwiese \"Pfarrwiese\") | [LSV Markersdorf](/wiki/LSV_Markersdorf_an_der_Pielach \"LSV Markersdorf an der Pielach\") | 3\\-3 | 5,000 | [Beelen](/wiki/Franciscus_Beelen \"Franciscus Beelen\") , [Orel](/wiki/Stanislaus_Orel \"Stanislaus Orel\") , [Queck](/wiki/Peter_Queck \"Peter Queck\") |\n| | 13\\.05\\.1944 | [H](/wiki/Pfarrwiese \"Pfarrwiese\") | [Vienna](/wiki/First_Vienna_FC \"First Vienna FC\") | 1\\-3 | 6,000 | [Knor F.](/wiki/Franz_Knor \"Franz Knor\") |\n| | 02\\.04\\.1944 | H | [Wacker Wien](/wiki/FC_Admira_Wacker_M%C3%B6dling \"FC Admira Wacker Mödling\") | 4\\-4 | 7,500 | [Fitz](/wiki/Willy_Fitz \"Willy Fitz\") , [Queck](/wiki/Peter_Queck \"Peter Queck\") , [Dvoracek](/wiki/Hermann_Dvoracek \"Hermann Dvoracek\") |\n| | 09\\.04\\.1944 | [H](/wiki/Pfarrwiese \"Pfarrwiese\") | [Wiener SC](/wiki/Wiener_Sport-Club \"Wiener Sport-Club\") | 9\\-4 | 5,000 | [Dvoracek](/wiki/Hermann_Dvoracek \"Hermann Dvoracek\") , [Binder](/wiki/Franz_Binder \"Franz Binder\") , [Kaspirek](/wiki/Franz_Kaspirek \"Franz Kaspirek\") , [Queck](/wiki/Peter_Queck \"Peter Queck\") , [Fitz](/wiki/Willy_Fitz \"Willy Fitz\") |\n\n",
"### Tschammerpokal\n\n| | Date | Venue | Opponent | | | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| | 23\\.05\\.1943 | A | [Kapfenberg](/wiki/Kapfenberger_SV \"Kapfenberger SV\") | 3\\-6 | 6,000 | [Kaspirek](/wiki/Franz_Kaspirek \"Franz Kaspirek\") , [Domnanich K.](/wiki/Karl_Domnanich \"Karl Domnanich\") |\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[1943\\-44 Rapid Wien Season](/wiki/Category:SK_Rapid_Wien_seasons \"SK Rapid Wien seasons\")\n[Rapid](/wiki/Category:Austrian_football_clubs_1943%E2%80%9344_season \"Austrian football clubs 1943–44 season\")\n\n"
]
} |
Guido Gaufridi | {
"id": [
398607
],
"name": [
"Rathfelder"
]
} | n5cw09gk27d70adtes1smofowfka2hy | 2021-03-10T20:08:36Z | 899,662,886 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Biography",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Guido Gaufridi** (died 1491\\) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as [Titular Bishop](/wiki/Titular_Bishop \"Titular Bishop\") of *Troja* (1478–1491\\).[\"Bishop Guido Gaufridi\"](http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bguafr.html) *[Catholic\\-Hierarchy.org](/wiki/Catholic-Hierarchy.org \"Catholic-Hierarchy.org\")*. David M. Cheney. Retrieved August 8, 2016[\"Troja (Titular See)\"](http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/d4t45.html) *[Catholic\\-Hierarchy.org](/wiki/Catholic-Hierarchy.org \"Catholic-Hierarchy.org\")*. David M. Cheney. Retrieved February 29, 2016[\"Titular Episcopal See of Troas\"](http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/former/t1862.htm) *GCatholic.org*. Gabriel Chow. Retrieved February 29, 2016\n\n",
"Biography\n---------\n\nOn 4 August 1478, Guido Gaufridi was appointed during the papacy of [Pope Sixtus IV](/wiki/Pope_Sixtus_IV \"Pope Sixtus IV\") as [Titular Bishop](/wiki/Titular_Bishop \"Titular Bishop\") of *Troja.* On 6 September 1478, he was consecrated bishop by [Alfonso de Paradinas](/wiki/Alfonso_de_Paradinas \"Alfonso de Paradinas\"), [Bishop of Ciudad Rodrigo](/wiki/Bishop_of_Ciudad_Rodrigo \"Bishop of Ciudad Rodrigo\"), with [Giuliano Maffei](/wiki/Giuliano_Maffei \"Giuliano Maffei\"), [Bishop of Bertinoro](/wiki/Bishop_of_Bertinoro \"Bishop of Bertinoro\"), serving as co\\-consecrator. He served as Titular Bishop of *Troja* until his death in 1491\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:15th\\-century Italian Roman Catholic bishops](/wiki/Category:15th-century_Italian_Roman_Catholic_bishops \"15th-century Italian Roman Catholic bishops\")\n[Category:Bishops appointed by Pope Sixtus IV](/wiki/Category:Bishops_appointed_by_Pope_Sixtus_IV \"Bishops appointed by Pope Sixtus IV\")\n[Category:1491 deaths](/wiki/Category:1491_deaths \"1491 deaths\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Angkuna Kulyuru | {
"id": [
9784415
],
"name": [
"Tom.Reding"
]
} | shuf18fh9v22trimuebtc4duzlv6n4p | 2024-09-07T12:22:35Z | 1,214,009,142 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"Further reading"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Angkuna Kulyuru** (born 1943\\) is an [Aboriginal](/wiki/Aboriginal_Australians \"Aboriginal Australians\") Australian artist. She is perhaps best known for her [batik](/wiki/Batik \"Batik\") and [printing](/wiki/Printmaking \"Printmaking\") works. She also does [weaving](/wiki/Weaving \"Weaving\"), [basketry](/wiki/Basket \"Basket\"), and carved wooden sculptures (**). Her batik designs display the fluid, [abstract](/wiki/Abstract_art \"Abstract art\") style that is distinctive in Ernabella Arts. There are no specific meanings to her designs, but they are inspired by the natural environment.\n\nKulyuru was born in 1943, at Wamitjara, near Kenmore Park (now [Yunyarinyi](/wiki/Yunyarinyi%2C_South_Australia \"Yunyarinyi, South Australia\")). This is in the far north of South Australia, near the border with the [Northern Territory](/wiki/Northern_Territory \"Northern Territory\"). Her family are [Pitjantjatjara](/wiki/Pitjantjatjara \"Pitjantjatjara\"). They lived a traditional life in [the bush](/wiki/The_bush \"The bush\"), but settled at [Ernabella](/wiki/Ernabella \"Ernabella\") soon after Kulyuru was born. When she grew up, Kulyuru started work in the community's craft centre after originally working at the school. She began learning batik methods in the 1970s, and became one of Ernabella Arts' most prolific and well\\-known batik artists. Kulyuru has nine children. Five of Kulyuru's daughters have also become artists: Unurupa (born 1962\\), Amanda (1964\\), Karen (1969\\), Daisybell (1972\\) and Tjulyata (1978\\).\n\nKulyuru's works have been shown in many [exhibitions](/wiki/Art_exhibition \"Art exhibition\") since the 1980s. One of her early batik works was chosen as a finalist for the [National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Art Award](/wiki/National_Aboriginal_and_Torres_Strait_Islander_Art_Award \"National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Art Award\") in 1987\\. It was bought by the [Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory](/wiki/Museum_and_Art_Gallery_of_the_Northern_Territory \"Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory\"). Other examples of her work are held in the [National Gallery of Victoria](/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Victoria \"National Gallery of Victoria\"), the [National Gallery of Australia](/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Australia \"National Gallery of Australia\"), and the [National Museum of Australia](/wiki/National_Museum_of_Australia \"National Museum of Australia\"). An example of one of her weaving work, a jug made out of [palm leaves](/wiki/Palm_tree \"Palm tree\"), is in the [British Museum](/wiki/British_Museum \"British Museum\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"Further reading\n---------------\n\n* [Angkuna Kulyuru](http://www.printsandprintmaking.gov.au/catalogues/artist/14783/angkuna-kulyuru.aspx) at *Prints and Printmaking*\n\n[Category:1943 births](/wiki/Category:1943_births \"1943 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:20th\\-century Australian sculptors](/wiki/Category:20th-century_Australian_sculptors \"20th-century Australian sculptors\")\n[Category:20th\\-century Australian women artists](/wiki/Category:20th-century_Australian_women_artists \"20th-century Australian women artists\")\n[Category:Australian Aboriginal artists](/wiki/Category:Australian_Aboriginal_artists \"Australian Aboriginal artists\")\n[Category:Australian printmakers](/wiki/Category:Australian_printmakers \"Australian printmakers\")\n[Category:Australian woodworkers](/wiki/Category:Australian_woodworkers \"Australian woodworkers\")\n[Category:Artists from South Australia](/wiki/Category:Artists_from_South_Australia \"Artists from South Australia\")\n[Category:Pitjantjatjara people](/wiki/Category:Pitjantjatjara_people \"Pitjantjatjara people\")\n[Category:Australian weavers](/wiki/Category:Australian_weavers \"Australian weavers\")\n[Category:Women textile artists](/wiki/Category:Women_textile_artists \"Women textile artists\")\n[Category:Women woodworkers](/wiki/Category:Women_woodworkers \"Women woodworkers\")\n[Category:21st\\-century woodworkers](/wiki/Category:21st-century_woodworkers \"21st-century woodworkers\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Waita Setu | {
"id": [
2842084
],
"name": [
"Jevansen"
]
} | 1nxa39skodof0202edd3fspsyuaa59z | 2023-12-26T10:25:18Z | 1,188,872,302 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Early and provincial career",
"Super Rugby career",
"International",
"Super Rugby statistics",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Waita Setu** (born 5 February 1992\\) is a [New Zealand](/wiki/New_Zealand \"New Zealand\")\\-born [Australian](/wiki/Australian_people \"Australian people\") [rugby union](/wiki/Rugby_Union \"Rugby Union\") [loose forward](/wiki/Flanker_%28rugby_union%29 \"Flanker (rugby union)\") who currently plays for in Australia's [National Rugby Championship](/wiki/National_Rugby_Championship \"National Rugby Championship\"). He has also previously represented [Super Rugby](/wiki/Super_Rugby \"Super Rugby\") side, the [Queensland Reds](/wiki/Queensland_Reds \"Queensland Reds\").\n\n",
"Early and provincial career\n---------------------------\n\nSetu was born in Auckland, New Zealand but moved to Australia as a child and attended the prestigious [St Joseph's College, Nudgee](/wiki/St_Joseph%27s_College%2C_Nudgee \"St Joseph's College, Nudgee\") in [Brisbane](/wiki/Brisbane \"Brisbane\"). During this time he represented Queensland at Under 16 and schools levels. His early career was a nomadic one, with spells in the youth systems of Australian [rugby league](/wiki/Rugby_league \"Rugby league\") sides, the [Brisbane Broncos](/wiki/Brisbane_Broncos \"Brisbane Broncos\") and [Melbourne Storm](/wiki/Melbourne_Storm \"Melbourne Storm\") preceding a move across the [Tasman Sea](/wiki/Tasman_Sea \"Tasman Sea\") to New Zealand in 2014 where he linked up with [union](/wiki/Rugby_Union \"Rugby Union\") side although he didn't manage any senior appearances. He was back in Australia in 2015 and played [Queensland Premier Rugby](/wiki/Queensland_Premier_Rugby \"Queensland Premier Rugby\") with [GPS](/wiki/GPS_Rugby \"GPS Rugby\"), scoring 7 tries in his debut season and earning a call up to 's National Rugby Championship winning squad.\n\n",
"Super Rugby career\n------------------\n\nSetu was a member of the [Melbourne Rebels](/wiki/Melbourne_Rebels \"Melbourne Rebels\") wider training squad in 2015, but did not see any action. An injury to flanker [Liam Gill](/wiki/Liam_Gill_%28rugby%29 \"Liam Gill (rugby)\") gave Setu his Super Rugby break in [2016](/wiki/2016_Super_Rugby_season \"2016 Super Rugby season\"), he earned 3 Reds caps in total, 2 of which were from the start.\n\n",
"International\n-------------\n\nSetu was an [Australian Schoolboys](/wiki/Australian_Schoolboys_rugby_union_team \"Australian Schoolboys rugby union team\") representative in 2012\\.\n\n",
"Super Rugby statistics\n----------------------\n\n| Season | Team | Games | Starts | Sub | Mins | Tries | Cons | Pens | Drops | Points | Yel | Red |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [2016](/wiki/2016_Super_Rugby_season \"2016 Super Rugby season\") | | 3 | 2 | 1 | 127 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |\n|Total 3 | 2 | 1 | 127 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1992 births](/wiki/Category:1992_births \"1992 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Australian rugby union players](/wiki/Category:Australian_rugby_union_players \"Australian rugby union players\")\n[Category:Rugby union flankers](/wiki/Category:Rugby_union_flankers \"Rugby union flankers\")\n[Category:Rugby union number eights](/wiki/Category:Rugby_union_number_eights \"Rugby union number eights\")\n[Category:Brisbane City (rugby union) players](/wiki/Category:Brisbane_City_%28rugby_union%29_players \"Brisbane City (rugby union) players\")\n[Category:Queensland Reds players](/wiki/Category:Queensland_Reds_players \"Queensland Reds players\")\n[Category:New Zealand emigrants to Australia](/wiki/Category:New_Zealand_emigrants_to_Australia \"New Zealand emigrants to Australia\")\n[Category:Rugby union players from Auckland](/wiki/Category:Rugby_union_players_from_Auckland \"Rugby union players from Auckland\")\n[Category:GPS Rugby players](/wiki/Category:GPS_Rugby_players \"GPS Rugby players\")\n[Category:People educated at St Joseph's College, Nudgee](/wiki/Category:People_educated_at_St_Joseph%27s_College%2C_Nudgee \"People educated at St Joseph's College, Nudgee\")\n\n"
]
} |
2001 UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships | {
"id": [
10689882
],
"name": [
"Schwede66"
]
} | qwxvzttjg13swy1au40lqeo54ug8dy9 | 2024-09-09T21:54:52Z | 1,238,179,531 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Medal summary",
"Men's events",
"Women's events",
"Team events",
"Medal table",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
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"content": [
"\n\nThe **2001 [UCI Mountain Bike \\& Trials World Championships](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships\")** were held in [Vail](/wiki/Vail%2C_Colorado \"Vail, Colorado\"), [Colorado](/wiki/Colorado \"Colorado\"), [United States](/wiki/United_States \"United States\") from 12 to 16 September 2001\\. The disciplines included were [cross\\-country](/wiki/Cross-country_cycling \"Cross-country cycling\"), [downhill](/wiki/Downhill_mountain_biking \"Downhill mountain biking\"), [dual](/wiki/Dual_slalom \"Dual slalom\"), and [trials](/wiki/Mountain_bike_trials \"Mountain bike trials\").\n\nThe event was the 12th edition of the UCI Mountain Bike World Championships and the 16th edition of the UCI Trials World Championships. It was the second time the UCI Mountain Bike World Championships had been held in Vail, the first having been in [1994](/wiki/1994_UCI_Mountain_Bike_World_Championships \"1994 UCI Mountain Bike World Championships\"). It was also the third time the championships had been held in Colorado, as the [inaugural UCI Mountain Bike World Championships](/wiki/1990_UCI_Mountain_Bike_World_Championships \"1990 UCI Mountain Bike World Championships\") had been held in Durango in 1990\\.\n\n",
"Medal summary\n-------------\n\n### Men's events\n\n| [Cross\\-country](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_cross-country \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Men's cross-country\") | | | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Under 23 cross\\-country | | | |\n| Junior cross\\-country | | | |\n| [Downhill](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_downhill \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Men's downhill\") | | | |\n| [Junior downhill](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Junior_men%27s_downhill \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Junior men's downhill\") | | | |\n| [Dual](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_dual \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Men's dual\") | | | |\n| [Trials, 20 inch](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_trials%2C_20_inch \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Men's trials, 20 inch\") | | | |\n| [Trials, 26 inch](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_trials%2C_26_inch \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Men's trials, 26 inch\") | | | |\n| [Junior trials, 20 inch](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Junior_men%27s_trials%2C_20_inch \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Junior men's trials, 20 inch\") | | | |\n| [Junior trials, 26 inch](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Junior_men%27s_trials%2C_26_inch \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Junior men's trials, 26 inch\") | | | |\n\n### Women's events\n\n| [Cross\\-country](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_cross-country \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Women's cross-country\") | | | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Junior cross\\-country | | | |\n| [Downhill](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_downhill \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Women's downhill\") | | | |\n| [Junior downhill](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Junior_women%27s_downhill \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Junior women's downhill\") | | | |\n| [Dual](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_dual \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Women's dual\") | | | |\n| [Trials](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_trials \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Women's trials\") | | | |\n\n### Team events\n\n| Cross\\-country | [Ryder Hesjedal](/wiki/Ryder_Hesjedal \"Ryder Hesjedal\")[Roland Green](/wiki/Roland_Green_%28cyclist%29 \"Roland Green (cyclist)\")[Adam Coates](/wiki/Adam_Coates \"Adam Coates\")[Chrissy Redden](/wiki/Chrissy_Redden \"Chrissy Redden\") | [Sid Taberlay](/wiki/Sid_Taberlay \"Sid Taberlay\")[Mary Grigson](/wiki/Mary_Grigson \"Mary Grigson\")[Trent Lowe](/wiki/Trent_Lowe \"Trent Lowe\")[Cadel Evans](/wiki/Cadel_Evans \"Cadel Evans\") | [José Antonio Hermida](/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Antonio_Hermida \"José Antonio Hermida\")[Carlos Coloma](/wiki/Carlos_Coloma_%28cyclist%29 \"Carlos Coloma (cyclist)\")[Iñaki Lejarreta](/wiki/I%C3%B1aki_Lejarreta \"Iñaki Lejarreta\")[Janet Puiggros](/wiki/Janet_Puiggros \"Janet Puiggros\") |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Trials, 20 inch | | | |\n| Trials, 26 inch | | | |\n\n### Medal table\n\n",
"### Men's events\n\n| [Cross\\-country](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_cross-country \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Men's cross-country\") | | | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Under 23 cross\\-country | | | |\n| Junior cross\\-country | | | |\n| [Downhill](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_downhill \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Men's downhill\") | | | |\n| [Junior downhill](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Junior_men%27s_downhill \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Junior men's downhill\") | | | |\n| [Dual](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_dual \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Men's dual\") | | | |\n| [Trials, 20 inch](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_trials%2C_20_inch \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Men's trials, 20 inch\") | | | |\n| [Trials, 26 inch](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_trials%2C_26_inch \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Men's trials, 26 inch\") | | | |\n| [Junior trials, 20 inch](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Junior_men%27s_trials%2C_20_inch \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Junior men's trials, 20 inch\") | | | |\n| [Junior trials, 26 inch](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Junior_men%27s_trials%2C_26_inch \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Junior men's trials, 26 inch\") | | | |\n\n",
"### Women's events\n\n| [Cross\\-country](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_cross-country \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Women's cross-country\") | | | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Junior cross\\-country | | | |\n| [Downhill](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_downhill \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Women's downhill\") | | | |\n| [Junior downhill](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Junior_women%27s_downhill \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Junior women's downhill\") | | | |\n| [Dual](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_dual \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Women's dual\") | | | |\n| [Trials](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_%26_Trials_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_trials \"UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Women's trials\") | | | |\n\n",
"### Team events\n\n| Cross\\-country | [Ryder Hesjedal](/wiki/Ryder_Hesjedal \"Ryder Hesjedal\")[Roland Green](/wiki/Roland_Green_%28cyclist%29 \"Roland Green (cyclist)\")[Adam Coates](/wiki/Adam_Coates \"Adam Coates\")[Chrissy Redden](/wiki/Chrissy_Redden \"Chrissy Redden\") | [Sid Taberlay](/wiki/Sid_Taberlay \"Sid Taberlay\")[Mary Grigson](/wiki/Mary_Grigson \"Mary Grigson\")[Trent Lowe](/wiki/Trent_Lowe \"Trent Lowe\")[Cadel Evans](/wiki/Cadel_Evans \"Cadel Evans\") | [José Antonio Hermida](/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Antonio_Hermida \"José Antonio Hermida\")[Carlos Coloma](/wiki/Carlos_Coloma_%28cyclist%29 \"Carlos Coloma (cyclist)\")[Iñaki Lejarreta](/wiki/I%C3%B1aki_Lejarreta \"Iñaki Lejarreta\")[Janet Puiggros](/wiki/Janet_Puiggros \"Janet Puiggros\") |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Trials, 20 inch | | | |\n| Trials, 26 inch | | | |\n\n",
"### Medal table\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [2001 UCI Mountain Bike World Cup](/wiki/2001_UCI_Mountain_Bike_World_Cup \"2001 UCI Mountain Bike World Cup\")\n* [UCI Mountain Bike Marathon World Championships](/wiki/UCI_Mountain_Bike_Marathon_World_Championships \"UCI Mountain Bike Marathon World Championships\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Results for the mountain\\-bike events on cyclingnews.com](http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/2001/sep01/mtbworlds01.shtml#pre)\n* [Results for the trials events on uci.ch](http://www.uci.ch/mm/Document/News/NewsGeneral/16/66/41/UCITrialsWorldChampionships1986-2014-winners_Neutral.pdf)\n\n[Category:UCI Mountain Bike World Championships](/wiki/Category:UCI_Mountain_Bike_World_Championships \"UCI Mountain Bike World Championships\")\n[Category:International cycle races hosted by the United States](/wiki/Category:International_cycle_races_hosted_by_the_United_States \"International cycle races hosted by the United States\")\n[UCI Mountain Bike World Championships](/wiki/Category:2001_in_mountain_biking \"2001 in mountain biking\")\n[Category:Mountain biking events in the United States](/wiki/Category:Mountain_biking_events_in_the_United_States \"Mountain biking events in the United States\")\n[Category:Cycling in Colorado](/wiki/Category:Cycling_in_Colorado \"Cycling in Colorado\")\n[Category:September 2001 sports events in the United States](/wiki/Category:September_2001_sports_events_in_the_United_States \"September 2001 sports events in the United States\")\n[Category:Eagle County, Colorado](/wiki/Category:Eagle_County%2C_Colorado \"Eagle County, Colorado\")\n[Category:Sports competitions in Colorado](/wiki/Category:Sports_competitions_in_Colorado \"Sports competitions in Colorado\")\n[Category:2001 in Colorado](/wiki/Category:2001_in_Colorado \"2001 in Colorado\")\n\n"
]
} |
Bonastre | {
"id": [
39374154
],
"name": [
"Michaelwallace22"
]
} | cfew4b0j4ofylnoj1n1cn0b8lmbjtmq | 2021-05-08T06:34:58Z | 877,690,157 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Bonastre"
],
"level": [
1
],
"content": [
"**Bonastre** is a Spanish surname. Notable people with the surname include:\n\n* [Berta Bonastre](/wiki/Berta_Bonastre \"Berta Bonastre\") (born 1992\\), Spanish field hockey player\n* [Gonzalo Bonastre](/wiki/Gonzalo_Bonastre \"Gonzalo Bonastre\") (born 1981\\), Spanish footballer\n* [Silvia Bonastre](/wiki/Silvia_Bonastre \"Silvia Bonastre\") (born 1981\\), Spanish field hockey player, sister of Berta\n\n[Category:Spanish\\-language surnames](/wiki/Category:Spanish-language_surnames \"Spanish-language surnames\")\n\n"
]
} |
2015 in Australian literature | {
"id": [
7903804
],
"name": [
"Citation bot"
]
} | ggrre8lt3dickdkr8wlhc9f6waz0ahq | 2024-08-21T15:38:07Z | 1,237,929,604 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Major publications",
"Literary fiction",
"Children's and Young Adult fiction",
"Crime and mystery",
"Science Fiction and Fantasy",
"Romance",
"Poetry",
"Drama",
"Biographies",
"Non-fiction",
"Awards and honours",
"Lifetime achievement",
"Literary",
"Fiction",
"National",
"Children and Young Adult",
"National",
"Crime and Mystery",
"International",
"National",
"Science fiction",
"Poetry",
"Drama",
"Non-Fiction",
"Deaths",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
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2,
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"content": [
"\n\nThis is a list of the historical events and publications of **2015 in Australian literature**.\n\n",
"Major publications\n------------------\n\n### Literary fiction\n\n* [Tony Birch](/wiki/Tony_Birch \"Tony Birch\") – *Ghost River*\n* Lisa Birman — *[How to Walk Away](/wiki/How_to_Walk_Away_%28novel%29 \"How to Walk Away (novel)\")*\n* [Geraldine Brooks](/wiki/Geraldine_Brooks_%28writer%29 \"Geraldine Brooks (writer)\") – *[The Secret Chord](/wiki/The_Secret_Chord \"The Secret Chord\")*\n* [Robyn Cadwallader](/wiki/Robyn_Cadwallader \"Robyn Cadwallader\") — *[The Anchoress](/wiki/The_Anchoress_%28book%29 \"The Anchoress (book)\")*\n* [Stephen Daisley](/wiki/Stephen_Daisley_%28author%29 \"Stephen Daisley (author)\") – *Coming Rain*\n* [Gregory Day](/wiki/Gregory_Day \"Gregory Day\") – *Archipelago of Souls*\n* [Peggy Frew](/wiki/Peggy_Frew \"Peggy Frew\") – *Hope Farm*\n* [Lisa Gorton](/wiki/Lisa_Gorton \"Lisa Gorton\") – *[The Life of Houses](/wiki/The_Life_of_Houses \"The Life of Houses\")*\n* [Sally Hepworth](/wiki/Sally_Hepworth \"Sally Hepworth\") — *[The Secrets of Midwives](/wiki/The_Secrets_of_Midwives \"The Secrets of Midwives\")*\n* [David Ireland](/wiki/David_Ireland_%28author%29 \"David Ireland (author)\") — *[The World Repair Video Game](/wiki/The_World_Repair_Video_Game \"The World Repair Video Game\")*\n* [Susan Johnson](/wiki/Susan_Johnson_%28Australian_author%29 \"Susan Johnson (Australian author)\") – *The Landing*\n* [Gail Jones](/wiki/Gail_Jones_%28writer%29 \"Gail Jones (writer)\") – *[A Guide to Berlin](/wiki/A_Guide_to_Berlin_%28novel%29 \"A Guide to Berlin (novel)\")*\n* Myfanwy Jones – *Leap*\n* [Mireille Juchau](/wiki/Mireille_Juchau \"Mireille Juchau\") – *The World Without Us*\n* [Malcolm Knox](/wiki/Malcolm_Knox_%28author%29 \"Malcolm Knox (author)\") – *The Wonder Lover*\n* [Amanda Lohrey](/wiki/Amanda_Lohrey \"Amanda Lohrey\") – *A Short History of Richard Kline*\n* [Judy Nunn](/wiki/Judy_Nunn \"Judy Nunn\") — *[Spirits of the Ghan](/wiki/Spirits_of_the_Ghan \"Spirits of the Ghan\")*\n* [A. S. Patrić](/wiki/A._S._Patri%C4%87 \"A. S. Patrić\") – *[Black Rock White City](/wiki/Black_Rock_White_City \"Black Rock White City\")*\n* [Gregory David Roberts](/wiki/Gregory_David_Roberts \"Gregory David Roberts\") — *[The Mountain Shadow](/wiki/The_Mountain_Shadow \"The Mountain Shadow\")*\n* [Steve Toltz](/wiki/Steve_Toltz \"Steve Toltz\") – *Quicksand*\n* [Lucy Treloar](/wiki/Lucy_Treloar \"Lucy Treloar\") – *Salt Creek*\n* [Charlotte Wood](/wiki/Charlotte_Wood \"Charlotte Wood\") – *[The Natural Way of Things](/wiki/The_Natural_Way_of_Things \"The Natural Way of Things\")*\n\n### Children's and Young Adult fiction\n\n* [Nick Earls](/wiki/Nick_Earls \"Nick Earls\") – *New Boy*\n* [John Flanagan](/wiki/John_Flanagan_%28author%29 \"John Flanagan (author)\") — *[The Tournament at Gorlan](/wiki/The_Tournament_at_Gorlan \"The Tournament at Gorlan\")*\n* [Mem Fox](/wiki/Mem_Fox \"Mem Fox\") – *[This \\& That](/wiki/This_%26_That_%28Fox_book%29 \"This & That (Fox book)\")*\n* [Mem Fox](/wiki/Mem_Fox \"Mem Fox\") – *[Nellie Belle](/wiki/Nellie_Belle \"Nellie Belle\")*\n* [Andy Griffiths](/wiki/Andy_Griffiths_%28author%29 \"Andy Griffiths (author)\") – *The 65\\-Storey Treehouse*\n* [John Larkin](/wiki/John_Larkin_%28author%29 \"John Larkin (author)\") — *[The Pause](/wiki/The_Pause_%28novel%29 \"The Pause (novel)\")*\n* [Maureen McCarthy](/wiki/Maureen_McCarthy_%28author%29 \"Maureen McCarthy (author)\") – *Stay With Me*\n* [Sophie Masson](/wiki/Sophie_Masson \"Sophie Masson\") – *Hunter's Moon*\n* [Gillian Mears](/wiki/Gillian_Mears \"Gillian Mears\") – *The Cat with the Coloured Tail*\n* [Louis Nowra](/wiki/Louis_Nowra \"Louis Nowra\") – *Prince of Afghanistan*\n* [Emily Rodda](/wiki/Emily_Rodda \"Emily Rodda\") – *Two Moons*\n* R. A. Spratt — *[Friday Barnes, Under Suspicion](/wiki/Friday_Barnes%2C_Under_Suspicion \"Friday Barnes, Under Suspicion\")*\n* [Lili Wilkinson](/wiki/Lili_Wilkinson \"Lili Wilkinson\") – *Green Valentine*\n* [Fiona Wood](/wiki/Fiona_Wood_%28writer%29 \"Fiona Wood (writer)\") – *Cloudwish*\n\n### Crime and mystery\n\n* [Peter Corris](/wiki/Peter_Corris \"Peter Corris\") – *Gun Control*\n* [Garry Disher](/wiki/Garry_Disher \"Garry Disher\") – *The Heat*\n* [Mark Dapin](/wiki/Mark_Dapin \"Mark Dapin\") – *R\\&R*\n* [Candice Fox](/wiki/Candice_Fox \"Candice Fox\") – *Fall*\n* [Katherine Howell](/wiki/Katherine_Howell \"Katherine Howell\") – *Tell the Truth*\n* [Adrian McKinty](/wiki/Adrian_McKinty \"Adrian McKinty\") – *Gun Street Girl*\n* [Barry Maitland](/wiki/Barry_Maitland \"Barry Maitland\") – *Ash Island*\n* [Michael Robotham](/wiki/Michael_Robotham \"Michael Robotham\") – *Close Your Eyes*\n* [Emma Viskic](/wiki/Emma_Viskic \"Emma Viskic\") – *[Resurrection Bay](/wiki/Resurrection_Bay_%28novel%29 \"Resurrection Bay (novel)\")*\n* [Dave Warner](/wiki/Dave_Warner_%28musician%29 \"Dave Warner (musician)\") – *[Before It Breaks](/wiki/Before_It_Breaks \"Before It Breaks\")*\n\n### Science Fiction and Fantasy\n\n* [K. A. Bedford](/wiki/K._A._Bedford \"K. A. Bedford\") – *Black Light*\n* [John Birmingham](/wiki/John_Birmingham \"John Birmingham\")\n\t+ *[Emergence](/wiki/Emergence_%28Birmingham_novel%29 \"Emergence (Birmingham novel)\")*\n\t+ *Resistance*\n* [James Bradley](/wiki/James_Bradley_%28Australian_writer%29 \"James Bradley (Australian writer)\") – *Clade*\n* [Trudi Canavan](/wiki/Trudi_Canavan \"Trudi Canavan\") — *Angel of Storms*\n* [Isobelle Carmody](/wiki/Isobelle_Carmody \"Isobelle Carmody\") – *The Red Queen*\n* [Kate Forsyth](/wiki/Kate_Forsyth \"Kate Forsyth\") — *The Beast's Garden*\n* [Amie Kaufman](/wiki/Amie_Kaufman \"Amie Kaufman\") \\& [Jay Kristoff](/wiki/Jay_Kristoff \"Jay Kristoff\") — *[Illuminae](/wiki/Illuminae \"Illuminae\")*\n* [Jane Rawson](/wiki/Jane_Rawson \"Jane Rawson\") – *Formaldehyde*\n\n### Romance\n\n* [Alison Goodman](/wiki/Alison_Goodman \"Alison Goodman\") — *[The Dark Days Club](/wiki/The_Dark_Days_Club \"The Dark Days Club\")*\n\n### Poetry\n\n* [Robert Adamson](/wiki/Robert_Adamson_%28poet%29 \"Robert Adamson (poet)\") – *Net Needle*\n* [David Brooks](/wiki/David_Brooks_%28author%29 \"David Brooks (author)\") – *Open House*\n* [Clive James](/wiki/Clive_James \"Clive James\") – *Sentenced to Life*\n* [Les Murray](/wiki/Les_Murray_%28poet%29 \"Les Murray (poet)\") – *Waiting for the Past*\n\n### Drama\n\n* Matthew Whittet – *Seventeen*\n\n### Biographies\n\n* [David Day](/wiki/David_Day_%28historian%29 \"David Day (historian)\") – *Paul Keating : The Biography*\n* [Peter Garrett](/wiki/Peter_Garrett \"Peter Garrett\") – *Big Blue Sky : A Memoir*\n* [Kate Grenville](/wiki/Kate_Grenville \"Kate Grenville\") – *One Life : My Mother's Story*\n* [Erik Jensen](/wiki/Erik_Jensen_%28writer%29 \"Erik Jensen (writer)\") – *Acute Misfortune: The Life and Death of Adam Cullen*\n* [Gerald Murnane](/wiki/Gerald_Murnane \"Gerald Murnane\") – *Something for the Pain : A Memoir of the Turf*\n* [Brenda Niall](/wiki/Brenda_Niall \"Brenda Niall\") – *Mannix*\n* [Magda Szubanski](/wiki/Magda_Szubanski \"Magda Szubanski\") – *Reckoning : A Memoir*\n* [Tim Winton](/wiki/Tim_Winton \"Tim Winton\") – *Island Home : A Landscape Memoir*\n\n### Non\\-fiction\n\n* [Joel Deane](/wiki/Joel_Deane \"Joel Deane\") – *Catch and Kill: The Politics of Power*\n* [Andrew Fowler](/wiki/Andrew_Fowler_%28journalist%29 \"Andrew Fowler (journalist)\") – *The War on Journalism: Media Moguls, Whistleblowers and the Price of Freedom*\n* [Gideon Haigh](/wiki/Gideon_Haigh \"Gideon Haigh\") – *Certain Admissions*\n* [Lucy Sussex](/wiki/Lucy_Sussex \"Lucy Sussex\") – *Blockbuster! : Fergus Hume and the Mystery of the Hansom Cab*\n",
"### Literary fiction\n\n* [Tony Birch](/wiki/Tony_Birch \"Tony Birch\") – *Ghost River*\n* Lisa Birman — *[How to Walk Away](/wiki/How_to_Walk_Away_%28novel%29 \"How to Walk Away (novel)\")*\n* [Geraldine Brooks](/wiki/Geraldine_Brooks_%28writer%29 \"Geraldine Brooks (writer)\") – *[The Secret Chord](/wiki/The_Secret_Chord \"The Secret Chord\")*\n* [Robyn Cadwallader](/wiki/Robyn_Cadwallader \"Robyn Cadwallader\") — *[The Anchoress](/wiki/The_Anchoress_%28book%29 \"The Anchoress (book)\")*\n* [Stephen Daisley](/wiki/Stephen_Daisley_%28author%29 \"Stephen Daisley (author)\") – *Coming Rain*\n* [Gregory Day](/wiki/Gregory_Day \"Gregory Day\") – *Archipelago of Souls*\n* [Peggy Frew](/wiki/Peggy_Frew \"Peggy Frew\") – *Hope Farm*\n* [Lisa Gorton](/wiki/Lisa_Gorton \"Lisa Gorton\") – *[The Life of Houses](/wiki/The_Life_of_Houses \"The Life of Houses\")*\n* [Sally Hepworth](/wiki/Sally_Hepworth \"Sally Hepworth\") — *[The Secrets of Midwives](/wiki/The_Secrets_of_Midwives \"The Secrets of Midwives\")*\n* [David Ireland](/wiki/David_Ireland_%28author%29 \"David Ireland (author)\") — *[The World Repair Video Game](/wiki/The_World_Repair_Video_Game \"The World Repair Video Game\")*\n* [Susan Johnson](/wiki/Susan_Johnson_%28Australian_author%29 \"Susan Johnson (Australian author)\") – *The Landing*\n* [Gail Jones](/wiki/Gail_Jones_%28writer%29 \"Gail Jones (writer)\") – *[A Guide to Berlin](/wiki/A_Guide_to_Berlin_%28novel%29 \"A Guide to Berlin (novel)\")*\n* Myfanwy Jones – *Leap*\n* [Mireille Juchau](/wiki/Mireille_Juchau \"Mireille Juchau\") – *The World Without Us*\n* [Malcolm Knox](/wiki/Malcolm_Knox_%28author%29 \"Malcolm Knox (author)\") – *The Wonder Lover*\n* [Amanda Lohrey](/wiki/Amanda_Lohrey \"Amanda Lohrey\") – *A Short History of Richard Kline*\n* [Judy Nunn](/wiki/Judy_Nunn \"Judy Nunn\") — *[Spirits of the Ghan](/wiki/Spirits_of_the_Ghan \"Spirits of the Ghan\")*\n* [A. S. Patrić](/wiki/A._S._Patri%C4%87 \"A. S. Patrić\") – *[Black Rock White City](/wiki/Black_Rock_White_City \"Black Rock White City\")*\n* [Gregory David Roberts](/wiki/Gregory_David_Roberts \"Gregory David Roberts\") — *[The Mountain Shadow](/wiki/The_Mountain_Shadow \"The Mountain Shadow\")*\n* [Steve Toltz](/wiki/Steve_Toltz \"Steve Toltz\") – *Quicksand*\n* [Lucy Treloar](/wiki/Lucy_Treloar \"Lucy Treloar\") – *Salt Creek*\n* [Charlotte Wood](/wiki/Charlotte_Wood \"Charlotte Wood\") – *[The Natural Way of Things](/wiki/The_Natural_Way_of_Things \"The Natural Way of Things\")*\n",
"### Children's and Young Adult fiction\n\n* [Nick Earls](/wiki/Nick_Earls \"Nick Earls\") – *New Boy*\n* [John Flanagan](/wiki/John_Flanagan_%28author%29 \"John Flanagan (author)\") — *[The Tournament at Gorlan](/wiki/The_Tournament_at_Gorlan \"The Tournament at Gorlan\")*\n* [Mem Fox](/wiki/Mem_Fox \"Mem Fox\") – *[This \\& That](/wiki/This_%26_That_%28Fox_book%29 \"This & That (Fox book)\")*\n* [Mem Fox](/wiki/Mem_Fox \"Mem Fox\") – *[Nellie Belle](/wiki/Nellie_Belle \"Nellie Belle\")*\n* [Andy Griffiths](/wiki/Andy_Griffiths_%28author%29 \"Andy Griffiths (author)\") – *The 65\\-Storey Treehouse*\n* [John Larkin](/wiki/John_Larkin_%28author%29 \"John Larkin (author)\") — *[The Pause](/wiki/The_Pause_%28novel%29 \"The Pause (novel)\")*\n* [Maureen McCarthy](/wiki/Maureen_McCarthy_%28author%29 \"Maureen McCarthy (author)\") – *Stay With Me*\n* [Sophie Masson](/wiki/Sophie_Masson \"Sophie Masson\") – *Hunter's Moon*\n* [Gillian Mears](/wiki/Gillian_Mears \"Gillian Mears\") – *The Cat with the Coloured Tail*\n* [Louis Nowra](/wiki/Louis_Nowra \"Louis Nowra\") – *Prince of Afghanistan*\n* [Emily Rodda](/wiki/Emily_Rodda \"Emily Rodda\") – *Two Moons*\n* R. A. Spratt — *[Friday Barnes, Under Suspicion](/wiki/Friday_Barnes%2C_Under_Suspicion \"Friday Barnes, Under Suspicion\")*\n* [Lili Wilkinson](/wiki/Lili_Wilkinson \"Lili Wilkinson\") – *Green Valentine*\n* [Fiona Wood](/wiki/Fiona_Wood_%28writer%29 \"Fiona Wood (writer)\") – *Cloudwish*\n",
"### Crime and mystery\n\n* [Peter Corris](/wiki/Peter_Corris \"Peter Corris\") – *Gun Control*\n* [Garry Disher](/wiki/Garry_Disher \"Garry Disher\") – *The Heat*\n* [Mark Dapin](/wiki/Mark_Dapin \"Mark Dapin\") – *R\\&R*\n* [Candice Fox](/wiki/Candice_Fox \"Candice Fox\") – *Fall*\n* [Katherine Howell](/wiki/Katherine_Howell \"Katherine Howell\") – *Tell the Truth*\n* [Adrian McKinty](/wiki/Adrian_McKinty \"Adrian McKinty\") – *Gun Street Girl*\n* [Barry Maitland](/wiki/Barry_Maitland \"Barry Maitland\") – *Ash Island*\n* [Michael Robotham](/wiki/Michael_Robotham \"Michael Robotham\") – *Close Your Eyes*\n* [Emma Viskic](/wiki/Emma_Viskic \"Emma Viskic\") – *[Resurrection Bay](/wiki/Resurrection_Bay_%28novel%29 \"Resurrection Bay (novel)\")*\n* [Dave Warner](/wiki/Dave_Warner_%28musician%29 \"Dave Warner (musician)\") – *[Before It Breaks](/wiki/Before_It_Breaks \"Before It Breaks\")*\n",
"### Science Fiction and Fantasy\n\n* [K. A. Bedford](/wiki/K._A._Bedford \"K. A. Bedford\") – *Black Light*\n* [John Birmingham](/wiki/John_Birmingham \"John Birmingham\")\n\t+ *[Emergence](/wiki/Emergence_%28Birmingham_novel%29 \"Emergence (Birmingham novel)\")*\n\t+ *Resistance*\n* [James Bradley](/wiki/James_Bradley_%28Australian_writer%29 \"James Bradley (Australian writer)\") – *Clade*\n* [Trudi Canavan](/wiki/Trudi_Canavan \"Trudi Canavan\") — *Angel of Storms*\n* [Isobelle Carmody](/wiki/Isobelle_Carmody \"Isobelle Carmody\") – *The Red Queen*\n* [Kate Forsyth](/wiki/Kate_Forsyth \"Kate Forsyth\") — *The Beast's Garden*\n* [Amie Kaufman](/wiki/Amie_Kaufman \"Amie Kaufman\") \\& [Jay Kristoff](/wiki/Jay_Kristoff \"Jay Kristoff\") — *[Illuminae](/wiki/Illuminae \"Illuminae\")*\n* [Jane Rawson](/wiki/Jane_Rawson \"Jane Rawson\") – *Formaldehyde*\n",
"### Romance\n\n* [Alison Goodman](/wiki/Alison_Goodman \"Alison Goodman\") — *[The Dark Days Club](/wiki/The_Dark_Days_Club \"The Dark Days Club\")*\n",
"### Poetry\n\n* [Robert Adamson](/wiki/Robert_Adamson_%28poet%29 \"Robert Adamson (poet)\") – *Net Needle*\n* [David Brooks](/wiki/David_Brooks_%28author%29 \"David Brooks (author)\") – *Open House*\n* [Clive James](/wiki/Clive_James \"Clive James\") – *Sentenced to Life*\n* [Les Murray](/wiki/Les_Murray_%28poet%29 \"Les Murray (poet)\") – *Waiting for the Past*\n",
"### Drama\n\n* Matthew Whittet – *Seventeen*\n",
"### Biographies\n\n* [David Day](/wiki/David_Day_%28historian%29 \"David Day (historian)\") – *Paul Keating : The Biography*\n* [Peter Garrett](/wiki/Peter_Garrett \"Peter Garrett\") – *Big Blue Sky : A Memoir*\n* [Kate Grenville](/wiki/Kate_Grenville \"Kate Grenville\") – *One Life : My Mother's Story*\n* [Erik Jensen](/wiki/Erik_Jensen_%28writer%29 \"Erik Jensen (writer)\") – *Acute Misfortune: The Life and Death of Adam Cullen*\n* [Gerald Murnane](/wiki/Gerald_Murnane \"Gerald Murnane\") – *Something for the Pain : A Memoir of the Turf*\n* [Brenda Niall](/wiki/Brenda_Niall \"Brenda Niall\") – *Mannix*\n* [Magda Szubanski](/wiki/Magda_Szubanski \"Magda Szubanski\") – *Reckoning : A Memoir*\n* [Tim Winton](/wiki/Tim_Winton \"Tim Winton\") – *Island Home : A Landscape Memoir*\n",
"### Non\\-fiction\n\n* [Joel Deane](/wiki/Joel_Deane \"Joel Deane\") – *Catch and Kill: The Politics of Power*\n* [Andrew Fowler](/wiki/Andrew_Fowler_%28journalist%29 \"Andrew Fowler (journalist)\") – *The War on Journalism: Media Moguls, Whistleblowers and the Price of Freedom*\n* [Gideon Haigh](/wiki/Gideon_Haigh \"Gideon Haigh\") – *Certain Admissions*\n* [Lucy Sussex](/wiki/Lucy_Sussex \"Lucy Sussex\") – *Blockbuster! : Fergus Hume and the Mystery of the Hansom Cab*\n",
"Awards and honours\n------------------\n\nNote: these awards were presented in the year in question.\n\n### Lifetime achievement\n\n| Award | Author |\n| --- | --- |\n| **[Christopher Brennan Award](/wiki/Christopher_Brennan_Award \"Christopher Brennan Award\")** | [Gig Ryan](/wiki/Gig_Ryan \"Gig Ryan\") |\n| **[Melbourne Prize for Literature](/wiki/Melbourne_Prize_for_Literature \"Melbourne Prize for Literature\")** | [Chris Wallace\\-Crabbe](/wiki/Chris_Wallace-Crabbe \"Chris Wallace-Crabbe\") |\n| **[Patrick White Award](/wiki/Patrick_White_Award \"Patrick White Award\")** | [Joan London](/wiki/Joan_London_%28Australian_author%29 \"Joan London (Australian author)\") |\n|\n\n### Literary\n\n| Award | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[ALS Gold Medal](/wiki/ALS_Gold_Medal \"ALS Gold Medal\")** | [Jennifer Maiden](/wiki/Jennifer_Maiden \"Jennifer Maiden\") | *[Drones and Phantoms](/wiki/Drones_and_Phantoms \"Drones and Phantoms\")* | [Giramondo Publishing](/wiki/Giramondo_Publishing \"Giramondo Publishing\") |\n| **[Colin Roderick Award](/wiki/Colin_Roderick_Award \"Colin Roderick Award\")** | Not awarded | | |\n| **[Indie Book Awards Book of the Year](/wiki/Indie_Book_Awards_Book_of_the_Year_%E2%80%93_Book_of_the_Year \"Indie Book Awards Book of the Year – Book of the Year\")** | [Don Watson](/wiki/Don_Watson \"Don Watson\") | *The Bush: Travels in the Heart of Australia* | [Penguin](/wiki/Penguin_Books \"Penguin Books\") |\n| **[Nita Kibble Literary Award](/wiki/Nita_Kibble_Literary_Award \"Nita Kibble Literary Award\")** | [Joan London](/wiki/Joan_London_%28Australian_author%29 \"Joan London (Australian author)\") | *[The Golden Age](/wiki/The_Golden_Age_%28London_novel%29 \"The Golden Age (London novel)\")* | [Vintage Books](/wiki/Vintage_Books \"Vintage Books\") |\n| **[Stella Prize](/wiki/Stella_Prize \"Stella Prize\")** | [Emily Bitto](/wiki/Emily_Bitto \"Emily Bitto\") | *The Strays* | Affirm Press |\n| **[Victorian Prize for Literature](/wiki/Victorian_Premier%27s_Literary_Awards \"Victorian Premier's Literary Awards\")** | [Alan Atkinson](/wiki/Alan_Atkinson \"Alan Atkinson\") | *The Europeans in Australia: Volume Three: Nation* | NewSouth |\n|\n\n### Fiction\n\n#### National\n\n| Award | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[Adelaide Festival Awards for Literature](/wiki/Adelaide_Festival_Awards_for_Literature%23Fiction_Award \"Adelaide Festival Awards for Literature#Fiction Award\")** | Not awarded | | |\n| **[The Australian/Vogel Literary Award](/wiki/The_Australian/Vogel_Literary_Award \"The Australian/Vogel Literary Award\")** | Murray Middleton | *When There’s Nowhere Else to Run* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n| **[Barbara Jefferis Award](/wiki/Barbara_Jefferis_Award \"Barbara Jefferis Award\")** | Not awarded | | |\n| **[Indie Book Awards Book of the Year – Fiction](/wiki/Indie_Book_Awards_Book_of_the_Year_%E2%80%93_Fiction \"Indie Book Awards Book of the Year – Fiction\")** | [Sonya Hartnett](/wiki/Sonya_Hartnett \"Sonya Hartnett\") | *[Golden Boys](/wiki/Golden_Boys_%28novel%29 \"Golden Boys (novel)\")* | [Penguin](/wiki/Penguin_Books \"Penguin Books\") |\n| **[Indie Book Awards Book of the Year – Debut Fiction](/wiki/Indie_Book_Awards_Book_of_the_Year_%E2%80%93_Debut_Fiction \"Indie Book Awards Book of the Year – Debut Fiction\")** | [Maxine Beneba Clarke](/wiki/Maxine_Beneba_Clarke \"Maxine Beneba Clarke\") | *[Foreign Soil](/wiki/Foreign_Soil \"Foreign Soil\")* | [Hachette](/wiki/Hachette_%28publisher%29 \"Hachette (publisher)\") |\n| **[Miles Franklin Award](/wiki/Miles_Franklin_Award \"Miles Franklin Award\")** | [Sofie Laguna](/wiki/Sofie_Laguna \"Sofie Laguna\") | *[The Eye of the Sheep](/wiki/The_Eye_of_the_Sheep \"The Eye of the Sheep\")* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n| **[Prime Minister's Literary Awards](/wiki/Prime_Minister%27s_Literary_Awards \"Prime Minister's Literary Awards\")** | [Joan London](/wiki/Joan_London_%28Australian_author%29 \"Joan London (Australian author)\") | *[The Golden Age](/wiki/The_Golden_Age_%28London_novel%29 \"The Golden Age (London novel)\")* | [Random House](/wiki/Random_House \"Random House\") |\n| **[New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards](/wiki/New_South_Wales_Premier%27s_Literary_Awards \"New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards\")** | Mark Henshaw | *The Snow Kimono* | [Text Publishing](/wiki/Text_Publishing \"Text Publishing\") |\n| **[Queensland Literary Awards](/wiki/Queensland_Literary_Awards \"Queensland Literary Awards\")** | [Joan London](/wiki/Joan_London_%28Australian_author%29 \"Joan London (Australian author)\") | *[The Golden Age](/wiki/The_Golden_Age_%28London_novel%29 \"The Golden Age (London novel)\")* | [Random House](/wiki/Random_House \"Random House\") |\n| **[Victorian Premier's Literary Award](/wiki/Victorian_Premier%27s_Literary_Award \"Victorian Premier's Literary Award\")** | [Rohan Wilson](/wiki/Rohan_Wilson \"Rohan Wilson\") | *To Name Those Lost* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n|\n\n### Children and Young Adult\n\n#### National\n\n| Award | Category | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[Children's Book of the Year Award](/wiki/Children%27s_Book_Council_of_Australia \"Children's Book Council of Australia\")** | [Older Readers](/wiki/Children%27s_Book_of_the_Year_Award:Older_Readers \"Older Readers\") | [Claire Zorn](/wiki/Claire_Zorn \"Claire Zorn\") | *The Protected* | [University of Queensland Press](/wiki/University_of_Queensland_Press \"University of Queensland Press\") |\n| [Younger Readers](/wiki/Children%27s_Book_of_the_Year_Award:Younger_Readers \"Younger Readers\") | [Libby Gleeson](/wiki/Libby_Gleeson \"Libby Gleeson\") | *The Cleo Stories : The Necklace and the Present* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n| [Picture Book](/wiki/Children%27s_Book_of_the_Year_Award:Picture_Book \"Picture Book\") | [Freya Blackwood](/wiki/Freya_Blackwood \"Freya Blackwood\"), text Irema Kobald | *My Two Blankets* | Little Hare, Hardie Grant Egmont |\n| [Early Childhood](/wiki/Children%27s_Book_of_the_Year_Award:Early_Childhood \"Early Childhood\") | [Libby Gleeson](/wiki/Libby_Gleeson \"Libby Gleeson\"), illus. [Freya Blackwood](/wiki/Freya_Blackwood \"Freya Blackwood\") | *Go to Sleep, Jessie!* | Little Hare, Hardie Grant Egmont |\n| **[Indie Book Awards Book of the Year](/wiki/Indie_Book_Awards_Book_of_the_Year_%E2%80%93_Children%27s_%26_YA \"Indie Book Awards Book of the Year – Children's & YA\")** | Children's \\& YA | Judith Rossell | *Withering\\-by\\-Sea* | [Penguin](/wiki/Penguin_Books \"Penguin Books\") |\n| **[New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards](/wiki/New_South_Wales_Premier%27s_Literary_Awards \"New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards\")** | Children's | Catherine Norton | *Crossing* | Omnibus/Scholastic Australia |\n| Tamsin Janu | *Figgy in the World* | Omnibus/Scholastic Australia |\n| Young People's | [Jaclyn Moriarty](/wiki/Jaclyn_Moriarty \"Jaclyn Moriarty\") | *The Cracks in the Kingdom* | [Pan Macmillan Australia](/wiki/Pan_Macmillan_Australia \"Pan Macmillan Australia\") |\n| **[Victorian Premier's Literary Award](/wiki/Victorian_Premier%27s_Literary_Award \"Victorian Premier's Literary Award\")** | Young Adult Fiction | [Claire Zorn](/wiki/Claire_Zorn \"Claire Zorn\") | *The Protected* | [University of Queensland Press](/wiki/University_of_Queensland_Press \"University of Queensland Press\") |\n|\n\n### Crime and Mystery\n\n#### International\n\n| Award | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[CWA Gold Dagger Award](/wiki/Gold_Dagger_Award \"Gold Dagger Award\")** | [Michael Robotham](/wiki/Michael_Robotham \"Michael Robotham\") | *[Life or Death](/wiki/Life_or_Death_%28novel%29 \"Life or Death (novel)\")* | [Hachette](/wiki/Hachette_%28publisher%29 \"Hachette (publisher)\") |\n|\n\n#### National\n\n| Award | Category | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[Davitt Award](/wiki/Davitt_Award \"Davitt Award\")** | Novel | [Liane Moriarty](/wiki/Liane_Moriarty \"Liane Moriarty\") | *[Big Little Lies](/wiki/Big_Little_Lies_%28novel%29 \"Big Little Lies (novel)\")* | [Penguin Books](/wiki/Penguin_Books \"Penguin Books\") |\n| Young adult novel | Ellie Marney | *Every Word* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n| Children's novel | Judith Rossell | *Withering\\-By\\-Sea* | [HarperCollins](/wiki/HarperCollins \"HarperCollins\") |\n| True crime | [Caroline Overington](/wiki/Caroline_Overington \"Caroline Overington\") | *Last Woman Hanged* | [HarperCollins](/wiki/HarperCollins \"HarperCollins\") |\n| Debut novel | Christine Bongers | *Intruder* | [Random House](/wiki/Random_House \"Random House\") |\n| Readers' choice | Sandi Wallace | *Tell Me Why* | Clan Destine Press |\n| **[Ned Kelly Award](/wiki/Ned_Kelly_Award \"Ned Kelly Award\")** | Novel | [Candice Fox](/wiki/Candice_Fox \"Candice Fox\") | *[Eden](/wiki/Eden_%28Candice_Fox_novel%29 \"Eden (Candice Fox novel)\")* | [Random House](/wiki/Random_House \"Random House\") |\n| First novel | [Jock Serong](/wiki/Jock_Serong \"Jock Serong\") | *[Quota](/wiki/Quota_%28novel%29 \"Quota (novel)\")* | [Text Publishing](/wiki/Text_Publishing \"Text Publishing\") |\n| True crime | [Helen Garner](/wiki/Helen_Garner \"Helen Garner\") | *[This House of Grief: The Story of a Murder Trial](/wiki/This_House_of_Grief \"This House of Grief\")* | [Text Publishing](/wiki/Text_Publishing \"Text Publishing\") |\n| Lifetime achievement | Not awarded | | |\n|\n\n### Science fiction\n\n| Award | Category | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[Aurealis Award](/wiki/Aurealis_Award \"Aurealis Award\")** | Sf Novel | [Amie Kaufman](/wiki/Amie_Kaufman \"Amie Kaufman\") and [Jay Kristoff](/wiki/Jay_Kristoff \"Jay Kristoff\") | *Illuminae* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n| Sf Short Story | [Sean Williams](/wiki/Sean_Williams_%28author%29 \"Sean Williams (author)\") | \"All the Wrong Places\" | *Meeting Infinity* (Solaris Books) |\n| Fantasy Novel | [Trent Jamieson](/wiki/Trent_Jamieson \"Trent Jamieson\") | *Day Boy* | [Text Publishing](/wiki/Text_Publishing \"Text Publishing\") |\n| Fantasy Short Story | Rowena Cory Daniels | \"The Giant's Lady\" | *Legends 2* (Newcon Press) |\n| Horror Novel | [Trent Jamieson](/wiki/Trent_Jamieson \"Trent Jamieson\") | *Day Boy* | [Text Publishing](/wiki/Text_Publishing \"Text Publishing\") |\n| Horror Short Story | Joanne Anderton | \"Bullets\" | *In Sunshine Bright and Darkness Deep* (AHWA) |\n| Young Adult Novel | Kathryn Barker | *In the Skin of a Monster* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n| Young Adult Short Story | Deborah Kalin | \"The Miseducation of Mara Lys\" | *Cherry Crow Children* (Twelfth Planet Press) |\n| **[Ditmar Award](/wiki/Ditmar_Award \"Ditmar Award\")** | Novel | [Glenda Larke](/wiki/Glenda_Larke \"Glenda Larke\") | *The Lascar's Dagger* | [Hachette](/wiki/Hachette_%28publisher%29 \"Hachette (publisher)\") |\n| Best Novella or Novelette | [Sean Williams](/wiki/Sean_Williams_%28author%29 \"Sean Williams (author)\") | \"The Legend Trap\" | *Kaleidoscope* (Twelfth Planet Press) |\n| Best Short Story | [Cat Sparks](/wiki/Cat_Sparks \"Cat Sparks\") | \"The Seventh Relic\" | *Phantazein* (FableCroft Publishing) |\n|\n\n### Poetry\n\n| Award | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[Adelaide Festival Awards for Literature](/wiki/Adelaide_Festival_Awards_for_Literature%23John_Bray_Poetry_Award \"Adelaide Festival Awards for Literature#John Bray Poetry Award\")** | Not awarded | | |\n| **[Anne Elder Award](/wiki/Anne_Elder_Award \"Anne Elder Award\")** | Cathy Altmann | *Circumnavigation* | Poetica Christi Press |\n| **[Mary Gilmore Award](/wiki/Mary_Gilmore_Award \"Mary Gilmore Award\")** | Not awarded | | |\n| **[New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards](/wiki/New_South_Wales_Premier%27s_Literary_Awards \"New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards\")** | [David Malouf](/wiki/David_Malouf \"David Malouf\") | *Earth Hour* | [University of Queensland Press](/wiki/University_of_Queensland_Press \"University of Queensland Press\") |\n| **[Victorian Premier's Literary Award](/wiki/Victorian_Premier%27s_Literary_Award \"Victorian Premier's Literary Award\")** | [Jill Jones](/wiki/Jill_Jones_%28poet%29 \"Jill Jones (poet)\") | *The Beautiful Anxiety* | Puncher and Wattmann |\n|\n\n### Drama\n\n| Award | Category | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards](/wiki/New_South_Wales_Premier%27s_Literary_Awards \"New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards\")** | Script | [Jennifer Kent](/wiki/Jennifer_Kent \"Jennifer Kent\") | *The Babadook* | Causeway Films |\n| **[Patrick White Playwrights' Award](/wiki/Patrick_White_Playwrights%27_Award \"Patrick White Playwrights' Award\")** | Award | Neil Levi | *Kin* | Sydney Theatre Company |\n| Fellowship | [Tommy Murphy](/wiki/Tommy_Murphy_%28Australian_playwright%29 \"Tommy Murphy (Australian playwright)\") | | |\n\n### Non\\-Fiction\n\n| Award | Category | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[Adelaide Festival Awards for Literature](/wiki/Adelaide_Festival_Awards_for_Literature%23Non-Fiction_Award \"Adelaide Festival Awards for Literature#Non-Fiction Award\")** | Non\\-Fiction | Not awarded | |\n| **[Indie Book Awards Book of the Year](/wiki/Indie_Book_Awards_%28Australia%29 \"Indie Book Awards (Australia)\")** | [Non\\-Fiction](/wiki/Indie_Book_Awards_Book_of_the_Year_%E2%80%93_Non-Fiction \"Indie Book Awards Book of the Year – Non-Fiction\") | [Don Watson](/wiki/Don_Watson \"Don Watson\") | *The Bush: Travels in the Heart of Australia* | [Penguin](/wiki/Penguin_Books \"Penguin Books\") |\n| **[National Biography Award](/wiki/National_Biography_Award \"National Biography Award\")** | Biography | Philip Butterss | *An Unsentimental Bloke: The Life and Work of C J Dennis* | Wakefield Press |\n| **[New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards](/wiki/New_South_Wales_Premier%27s_Literary_Awards \"New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards\")** | Non\\-Fiction | [Don Watson](/wiki/Don_Watson \"Don Watson\") | *The Bush : Travels in the Heart of Australia* | [Penguin](/wiki/Penguin_Books \"Penguin Books\") |\n| **[New South Wales Premier's History Awards](/wiki/New_South_Wales_Premier%27s_History_Awards \"New South Wales Premier's History Awards\")** | Australian History | [Alan Atkinson](/wiki/Alan_Atkinson_%28historian%29 \"Alan Atkinson (historian)\") | *The Europeans in Australia: Volume Three: Nation* | [Oxford University Press](/wiki/Oxford_University_Press \"Oxford University Press\") |\n| Community and Regional History | [Babette Smith](/wiki/Babette_Smith \"Babette Smith\") | *The Luck of the Irish : How a Shipload of Convicts Survived the Wreck of the Hive to Make a New Life in Australia* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n| General History | [Warwick Anderson](/wiki/Warwick_Anderson \"Warwick Anderson\") \\& Ian R Mackay | *Intolerant Bodies : A Short History of Autoimmunity* | [Johns Hopkins University Press](/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University_Press \"Johns Hopkins University Press\") |\n| **[Queensland Literary Awards](/wiki/Queensland_Literary_Awards \"Queensland Literary Awards\")** | Non\\-Fiction | [Don Watson](/wiki/Don_Watson \"Don Watson\") | *The Bush : Travels in the Heart of Australia* | [Penguin](/wiki/Penguin_Books \"Penguin Books\") |\n| **[Victorian Premier's Literary Award](/wiki/Victorian_Premier%27s_Literary_Award \"Victorian Premier's Literary Award\")** | Non\\-fiction | [Alan Atkinson](/wiki/Alan_Atkinson_%28historian%29 \"Alan Atkinson (historian)\") | *The Europeans in Australia: Volume Three: Nation* | [Oxford University Press](/wiki/Oxford_University_Press \"Oxford University Press\") |\n|\n\n",
"### Lifetime achievement\n\n| Award | Author |\n| --- | --- |\n| **[Christopher Brennan Award](/wiki/Christopher_Brennan_Award \"Christopher Brennan Award\")** | [Gig Ryan](/wiki/Gig_Ryan \"Gig Ryan\") |\n| **[Melbourne Prize for Literature](/wiki/Melbourne_Prize_for_Literature \"Melbourne Prize for Literature\")** | [Chris Wallace\\-Crabbe](/wiki/Chris_Wallace-Crabbe \"Chris Wallace-Crabbe\") |\n| **[Patrick White Award](/wiki/Patrick_White_Award \"Patrick White Award\")** | [Joan London](/wiki/Joan_London_%28Australian_author%29 \"Joan London (Australian author)\") |\n|\n\n",
"### Literary\n\n| Award | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[ALS Gold Medal](/wiki/ALS_Gold_Medal \"ALS Gold Medal\")** | [Jennifer Maiden](/wiki/Jennifer_Maiden \"Jennifer Maiden\") | *[Drones and Phantoms](/wiki/Drones_and_Phantoms \"Drones and Phantoms\")* | [Giramondo Publishing](/wiki/Giramondo_Publishing \"Giramondo Publishing\") |\n| **[Colin Roderick Award](/wiki/Colin_Roderick_Award \"Colin Roderick Award\")** | Not awarded | | |\n| **[Indie Book Awards Book of the Year](/wiki/Indie_Book_Awards_Book_of_the_Year_%E2%80%93_Book_of_the_Year \"Indie Book Awards Book of the Year – Book of the Year\")** | [Don Watson](/wiki/Don_Watson \"Don Watson\") | *The Bush: Travels in the Heart of Australia* | [Penguin](/wiki/Penguin_Books \"Penguin Books\") |\n| **[Nita Kibble Literary Award](/wiki/Nita_Kibble_Literary_Award \"Nita Kibble Literary Award\")** | [Joan London](/wiki/Joan_London_%28Australian_author%29 \"Joan London (Australian author)\") | *[The Golden Age](/wiki/The_Golden_Age_%28London_novel%29 \"The Golden Age (London novel)\")* | [Vintage Books](/wiki/Vintage_Books \"Vintage Books\") |\n| **[Stella Prize](/wiki/Stella_Prize \"Stella Prize\")** | [Emily Bitto](/wiki/Emily_Bitto \"Emily Bitto\") | *The Strays* | Affirm Press |\n| **[Victorian Prize for Literature](/wiki/Victorian_Premier%27s_Literary_Awards \"Victorian Premier's Literary Awards\")** | [Alan Atkinson](/wiki/Alan_Atkinson \"Alan Atkinson\") | *The Europeans in Australia: Volume Three: Nation* | NewSouth |\n|\n\n",
"### Fiction\n\n#### National\n\n| Award | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[Adelaide Festival Awards for Literature](/wiki/Adelaide_Festival_Awards_for_Literature%23Fiction_Award \"Adelaide Festival Awards for Literature#Fiction Award\")** | Not awarded | | |\n| **[The Australian/Vogel Literary Award](/wiki/The_Australian/Vogel_Literary_Award \"The Australian/Vogel Literary Award\")** | Murray Middleton | *When There’s Nowhere Else to Run* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n| **[Barbara Jefferis Award](/wiki/Barbara_Jefferis_Award \"Barbara Jefferis Award\")** | Not awarded | | |\n| **[Indie Book Awards Book of the Year – Fiction](/wiki/Indie_Book_Awards_Book_of_the_Year_%E2%80%93_Fiction \"Indie Book Awards Book of the Year – Fiction\")** | [Sonya Hartnett](/wiki/Sonya_Hartnett \"Sonya Hartnett\") | *[Golden Boys](/wiki/Golden_Boys_%28novel%29 \"Golden Boys (novel)\")* | [Penguin](/wiki/Penguin_Books \"Penguin Books\") |\n| **[Indie Book Awards Book of the Year – Debut Fiction](/wiki/Indie_Book_Awards_Book_of_the_Year_%E2%80%93_Debut_Fiction \"Indie Book Awards Book of the Year – Debut Fiction\")** | [Maxine Beneba Clarke](/wiki/Maxine_Beneba_Clarke \"Maxine Beneba Clarke\") | *[Foreign Soil](/wiki/Foreign_Soil \"Foreign Soil\")* | [Hachette](/wiki/Hachette_%28publisher%29 \"Hachette (publisher)\") |\n| **[Miles Franklin Award](/wiki/Miles_Franklin_Award \"Miles Franklin Award\")** | [Sofie Laguna](/wiki/Sofie_Laguna \"Sofie Laguna\") | *[The Eye of the Sheep](/wiki/The_Eye_of_the_Sheep \"The Eye of the Sheep\")* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n| **[Prime Minister's Literary Awards](/wiki/Prime_Minister%27s_Literary_Awards \"Prime Minister's Literary Awards\")** | [Joan London](/wiki/Joan_London_%28Australian_author%29 \"Joan London (Australian author)\") | *[The Golden Age](/wiki/The_Golden_Age_%28London_novel%29 \"The Golden Age (London novel)\")* | [Random House](/wiki/Random_House \"Random House\") |\n| **[New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards](/wiki/New_South_Wales_Premier%27s_Literary_Awards \"New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards\")** | Mark Henshaw | *The Snow Kimono* | [Text Publishing](/wiki/Text_Publishing \"Text Publishing\") |\n| **[Queensland Literary Awards](/wiki/Queensland_Literary_Awards \"Queensland Literary Awards\")** | [Joan London](/wiki/Joan_London_%28Australian_author%29 \"Joan London (Australian author)\") | *[The Golden Age](/wiki/The_Golden_Age_%28London_novel%29 \"The Golden Age (London novel)\")* | [Random House](/wiki/Random_House \"Random House\") |\n| **[Victorian Premier's Literary Award](/wiki/Victorian_Premier%27s_Literary_Award \"Victorian Premier's Literary Award\")** | [Rohan Wilson](/wiki/Rohan_Wilson \"Rohan Wilson\") | *To Name Those Lost* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n|\n\n",
"#### National\n\n| Award | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[Adelaide Festival Awards for Literature](/wiki/Adelaide_Festival_Awards_for_Literature%23Fiction_Award \"Adelaide Festival Awards for Literature#Fiction Award\")** | Not awarded | | |\n| **[The Australian/Vogel Literary Award](/wiki/The_Australian/Vogel_Literary_Award \"The Australian/Vogel Literary Award\")** | Murray Middleton | *When There’s Nowhere Else to Run* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n| **[Barbara Jefferis Award](/wiki/Barbara_Jefferis_Award \"Barbara Jefferis Award\")** | Not awarded | | |\n| **[Indie Book Awards Book of the Year – Fiction](/wiki/Indie_Book_Awards_Book_of_the_Year_%E2%80%93_Fiction \"Indie Book Awards Book of the Year – Fiction\")** | [Sonya Hartnett](/wiki/Sonya_Hartnett \"Sonya Hartnett\") | *[Golden Boys](/wiki/Golden_Boys_%28novel%29 \"Golden Boys (novel)\")* | [Penguin](/wiki/Penguin_Books \"Penguin Books\") |\n| **[Indie Book Awards Book of the Year – Debut Fiction](/wiki/Indie_Book_Awards_Book_of_the_Year_%E2%80%93_Debut_Fiction \"Indie Book Awards Book of the Year – Debut Fiction\")** | [Maxine Beneba Clarke](/wiki/Maxine_Beneba_Clarke \"Maxine Beneba Clarke\") | *[Foreign Soil](/wiki/Foreign_Soil \"Foreign Soil\")* | [Hachette](/wiki/Hachette_%28publisher%29 \"Hachette (publisher)\") |\n| **[Miles Franklin Award](/wiki/Miles_Franklin_Award \"Miles Franklin Award\")** | [Sofie Laguna](/wiki/Sofie_Laguna \"Sofie Laguna\") | *[The Eye of the Sheep](/wiki/The_Eye_of_the_Sheep \"The Eye of the Sheep\")* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n| **[Prime Minister's Literary Awards](/wiki/Prime_Minister%27s_Literary_Awards \"Prime Minister's Literary Awards\")** | [Joan London](/wiki/Joan_London_%28Australian_author%29 \"Joan London (Australian author)\") | *[The Golden Age](/wiki/The_Golden_Age_%28London_novel%29 \"The Golden Age (London novel)\")* | [Random House](/wiki/Random_House \"Random House\") |\n| **[New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards](/wiki/New_South_Wales_Premier%27s_Literary_Awards \"New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards\")** | Mark Henshaw | *The Snow Kimono* | [Text Publishing](/wiki/Text_Publishing \"Text Publishing\") |\n| **[Queensland Literary Awards](/wiki/Queensland_Literary_Awards \"Queensland Literary Awards\")** | [Joan London](/wiki/Joan_London_%28Australian_author%29 \"Joan London (Australian author)\") | *[The Golden Age](/wiki/The_Golden_Age_%28London_novel%29 \"The Golden Age (London novel)\")* | [Random House](/wiki/Random_House \"Random House\") |\n| **[Victorian Premier's Literary Award](/wiki/Victorian_Premier%27s_Literary_Award \"Victorian Premier's Literary Award\")** | [Rohan Wilson](/wiki/Rohan_Wilson \"Rohan Wilson\") | *To Name Those Lost* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n|\n\n",
"### Children and Young Adult\n\n#### National\n\n| Award | Category | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[Children's Book of the Year Award](/wiki/Children%27s_Book_Council_of_Australia \"Children's Book Council of Australia\")** | [Older Readers](/wiki/Children%27s_Book_of_the_Year_Award:Older_Readers \"Older Readers\") | [Claire Zorn](/wiki/Claire_Zorn \"Claire Zorn\") | *The Protected* | [University of Queensland Press](/wiki/University_of_Queensland_Press \"University of Queensland Press\") |\n| [Younger Readers](/wiki/Children%27s_Book_of_the_Year_Award:Younger_Readers \"Younger Readers\") | [Libby Gleeson](/wiki/Libby_Gleeson \"Libby Gleeson\") | *The Cleo Stories : The Necklace and the Present* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n| [Picture Book](/wiki/Children%27s_Book_of_the_Year_Award:Picture_Book \"Picture Book\") | [Freya Blackwood](/wiki/Freya_Blackwood \"Freya Blackwood\"), text Irema Kobald | *My Two Blankets* | Little Hare, Hardie Grant Egmont |\n| [Early Childhood](/wiki/Children%27s_Book_of_the_Year_Award:Early_Childhood \"Early Childhood\") | [Libby Gleeson](/wiki/Libby_Gleeson \"Libby Gleeson\"), illus. [Freya Blackwood](/wiki/Freya_Blackwood \"Freya Blackwood\") | *Go to Sleep, Jessie!* | Little Hare, Hardie Grant Egmont |\n| **[Indie Book Awards Book of the Year](/wiki/Indie_Book_Awards_Book_of_the_Year_%E2%80%93_Children%27s_%26_YA \"Indie Book Awards Book of the Year – Children's & YA\")** | Children's \\& YA | Judith Rossell | *Withering\\-by\\-Sea* | [Penguin](/wiki/Penguin_Books \"Penguin Books\") |\n| **[New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards](/wiki/New_South_Wales_Premier%27s_Literary_Awards \"New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards\")** | Children's | Catherine Norton | *Crossing* | Omnibus/Scholastic Australia |\n| Tamsin Janu | *Figgy in the World* | Omnibus/Scholastic Australia |\n| Young People's | [Jaclyn Moriarty](/wiki/Jaclyn_Moriarty \"Jaclyn Moriarty\") | *The Cracks in the Kingdom* | [Pan Macmillan Australia](/wiki/Pan_Macmillan_Australia \"Pan Macmillan Australia\") |\n| **[Victorian Premier's Literary Award](/wiki/Victorian_Premier%27s_Literary_Award \"Victorian Premier's Literary Award\")** | Young Adult Fiction | [Claire Zorn](/wiki/Claire_Zorn \"Claire Zorn\") | *The Protected* | [University of Queensland Press](/wiki/University_of_Queensland_Press \"University of Queensland Press\") |\n|\n\n",
"#### National\n\n| Award | Category | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[Children's Book of the Year Award](/wiki/Children%27s_Book_Council_of_Australia \"Children's Book Council of Australia\")** | [Older Readers](/wiki/Children%27s_Book_of_the_Year_Award:Older_Readers \"Older Readers\") | [Claire Zorn](/wiki/Claire_Zorn \"Claire Zorn\") | *The Protected* | [University of Queensland Press](/wiki/University_of_Queensland_Press \"University of Queensland Press\") |\n| [Younger Readers](/wiki/Children%27s_Book_of_the_Year_Award:Younger_Readers \"Younger Readers\") | [Libby Gleeson](/wiki/Libby_Gleeson \"Libby Gleeson\") | *The Cleo Stories : The Necklace and the Present* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n| [Picture Book](/wiki/Children%27s_Book_of_the_Year_Award:Picture_Book \"Picture Book\") | [Freya Blackwood](/wiki/Freya_Blackwood \"Freya Blackwood\"), text Irema Kobald | *My Two Blankets* | Little Hare, Hardie Grant Egmont |\n| [Early Childhood](/wiki/Children%27s_Book_of_the_Year_Award:Early_Childhood \"Early Childhood\") | [Libby Gleeson](/wiki/Libby_Gleeson \"Libby Gleeson\"), illus. [Freya Blackwood](/wiki/Freya_Blackwood \"Freya Blackwood\") | *Go to Sleep, Jessie!* | Little Hare, Hardie Grant Egmont |\n| **[Indie Book Awards Book of the Year](/wiki/Indie_Book_Awards_Book_of_the_Year_%E2%80%93_Children%27s_%26_YA \"Indie Book Awards Book of the Year – Children's & YA\")** | Children's \\& YA | Judith Rossell | *Withering\\-by\\-Sea* | [Penguin](/wiki/Penguin_Books \"Penguin Books\") |\n| **[New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards](/wiki/New_South_Wales_Premier%27s_Literary_Awards \"New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards\")** | Children's | Catherine Norton | *Crossing* | Omnibus/Scholastic Australia |\n| Tamsin Janu | *Figgy in the World* | Omnibus/Scholastic Australia |\n| Young People's | [Jaclyn Moriarty](/wiki/Jaclyn_Moriarty \"Jaclyn Moriarty\") | *The Cracks in the Kingdom* | [Pan Macmillan Australia](/wiki/Pan_Macmillan_Australia \"Pan Macmillan Australia\") |\n| **[Victorian Premier's Literary Award](/wiki/Victorian_Premier%27s_Literary_Award \"Victorian Premier's Literary Award\")** | Young Adult Fiction | [Claire Zorn](/wiki/Claire_Zorn \"Claire Zorn\") | *The Protected* | [University of Queensland Press](/wiki/University_of_Queensland_Press \"University of Queensland Press\") |\n|\n\n",
"### Crime and Mystery\n\n#### International\n\n| Award | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[CWA Gold Dagger Award](/wiki/Gold_Dagger_Award \"Gold Dagger Award\")** | [Michael Robotham](/wiki/Michael_Robotham \"Michael Robotham\") | *[Life or Death](/wiki/Life_or_Death_%28novel%29 \"Life or Death (novel)\")* | [Hachette](/wiki/Hachette_%28publisher%29 \"Hachette (publisher)\") |\n|\n\n#### National\n\n| Award | Category | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[Davitt Award](/wiki/Davitt_Award \"Davitt Award\")** | Novel | [Liane Moriarty](/wiki/Liane_Moriarty \"Liane Moriarty\") | *[Big Little Lies](/wiki/Big_Little_Lies_%28novel%29 \"Big Little Lies (novel)\")* | [Penguin Books](/wiki/Penguin_Books \"Penguin Books\") |\n| Young adult novel | Ellie Marney | *Every Word* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n| Children's novel | Judith Rossell | *Withering\\-By\\-Sea* | [HarperCollins](/wiki/HarperCollins \"HarperCollins\") |\n| True crime | [Caroline Overington](/wiki/Caroline_Overington \"Caroline Overington\") | *Last Woman Hanged* | [HarperCollins](/wiki/HarperCollins \"HarperCollins\") |\n| Debut novel | Christine Bongers | *Intruder* | [Random House](/wiki/Random_House \"Random House\") |\n| Readers' choice | Sandi Wallace | *Tell Me Why* | Clan Destine Press |\n| **[Ned Kelly Award](/wiki/Ned_Kelly_Award \"Ned Kelly Award\")** | Novel | [Candice Fox](/wiki/Candice_Fox \"Candice Fox\") | *[Eden](/wiki/Eden_%28Candice_Fox_novel%29 \"Eden (Candice Fox novel)\")* | [Random House](/wiki/Random_House \"Random House\") |\n| First novel | [Jock Serong](/wiki/Jock_Serong \"Jock Serong\") | *[Quota](/wiki/Quota_%28novel%29 \"Quota (novel)\")* | [Text Publishing](/wiki/Text_Publishing \"Text Publishing\") |\n| True crime | [Helen Garner](/wiki/Helen_Garner \"Helen Garner\") | *[This House of Grief: The Story of a Murder Trial](/wiki/This_House_of_Grief \"This House of Grief\")* | [Text Publishing](/wiki/Text_Publishing \"Text Publishing\") |\n| Lifetime achievement | Not awarded | | |\n|\n\n",
"#### International\n\n| Award | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[CWA Gold Dagger Award](/wiki/Gold_Dagger_Award \"Gold Dagger Award\")** | [Michael Robotham](/wiki/Michael_Robotham \"Michael Robotham\") | *[Life or Death](/wiki/Life_or_Death_%28novel%29 \"Life or Death (novel)\")* | [Hachette](/wiki/Hachette_%28publisher%29 \"Hachette (publisher)\") |\n|\n\n",
"#### National\n\n| Award | Category | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[Davitt Award](/wiki/Davitt_Award \"Davitt Award\")** | Novel | [Liane Moriarty](/wiki/Liane_Moriarty \"Liane Moriarty\") | *[Big Little Lies](/wiki/Big_Little_Lies_%28novel%29 \"Big Little Lies (novel)\")* | [Penguin Books](/wiki/Penguin_Books \"Penguin Books\") |\n| Young adult novel | Ellie Marney | *Every Word* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n| Children's novel | Judith Rossell | *Withering\\-By\\-Sea* | [HarperCollins](/wiki/HarperCollins \"HarperCollins\") |\n| True crime | [Caroline Overington](/wiki/Caroline_Overington \"Caroline Overington\") | *Last Woman Hanged* | [HarperCollins](/wiki/HarperCollins \"HarperCollins\") |\n| Debut novel | Christine Bongers | *Intruder* | [Random House](/wiki/Random_House \"Random House\") |\n| Readers' choice | Sandi Wallace | *Tell Me Why* | Clan Destine Press |\n| **[Ned Kelly Award](/wiki/Ned_Kelly_Award \"Ned Kelly Award\")** | Novel | [Candice Fox](/wiki/Candice_Fox \"Candice Fox\") | *[Eden](/wiki/Eden_%28Candice_Fox_novel%29 \"Eden (Candice Fox novel)\")* | [Random House](/wiki/Random_House \"Random House\") |\n| First novel | [Jock Serong](/wiki/Jock_Serong \"Jock Serong\") | *[Quota](/wiki/Quota_%28novel%29 \"Quota (novel)\")* | [Text Publishing](/wiki/Text_Publishing \"Text Publishing\") |\n| True crime | [Helen Garner](/wiki/Helen_Garner \"Helen Garner\") | *[This House of Grief: The Story of a Murder Trial](/wiki/This_House_of_Grief \"This House of Grief\")* | [Text Publishing](/wiki/Text_Publishing \"Text Publishing\") |\n| Lifetime achievement | Not awarded | | |\n|\n\n",
"### Science fiction\n\n| Award | Category | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[Aurealis Award](/wiki/Aurealis_Award \"Aurealis Award\")** | Sf Novel | [Amie Kaufman](/wiki/Amie_Kaufman \"Amie Kaufman\") and [Jay Kristoff](/wiki/Jay_Kristoff \"Jay Kristoff\") | *Illuminae* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n| Sf Short Story | [Sean Williams](/wiki/Sean_Williams_%28author%29 \"Sean Williams (author)\") | \"All the Wrong Places\" | *Meeting Infinity* (Solaris Books) |\n| Fantasy Novel | [Trent Jamieson](/wiki/Trent_Jamieson \"Trent Jamieson\") | *Day Boy* | [Text Publishing](/wiki/Text_Publishing \"Text Publishing\") |\n| Fantasy Short Story | Rowena Cory Daniels | \"The Giant's Lady\" | *Legends 2* (Newcon Press) |\n| Horror Novel | [Trent Jamieson](/wiki/Trent_Jamieson \"Trent Jamieson\") | *Day Boy* | [Text Publishing](/wiki/Text_Publishing \"Text Publishing\") |\n| Horror Short Story | Joanne Anderton | \"Bullets\" | *In Sunshine Bright and Darkness Deep* (AHWA) |\n| Young Adult Novel | Kathryn Barker | *In the Skin of a Monster* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n| Young Adult Short Story | Deborah Kalin | \"The Miseducation of Mara Lys\" | *Cherry Crow Children* (Twelfth Planet Press) |\n| **[Ditmar Award](/wiki/Ditmar_Award \"Ditmar Award\")** | Novel | [Glenda Larke](/wiki/Glenda_Larke \"Glenda Larke\") | *The Lascar's Dagger* | [Hachette](/wiki/Hachette_%28publisher%29 \"Hachette (publisher)\") |\n| Best Novella or Novelette | [Sean Williams](/wiki/Sean_Williams_%28author%29 \"Sean Williams (author)\") | \"The Legend Trap\" | *Kaleidoscope* (Twelfth Planet Press) |\n| Best Short Story | [Cat Sparks](/wiki/Cat_Sparks \"Cat Sparks\") | \"The Seventh Relic\" | *Phantazein* (FableCroft Publishing) |\n|\n\n",
"### Poetry\n\n| Award | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[Adelaide Festival Awards for Literature](/wiki/Adelaide_Festival_Awards_for_Literature%23John_Bray_Poetry_Award \"Adelaide Festival Awards for Literature#John Bray Poetry Award\")** | Not awarded | | |\n| **[Anne Elder Award](/wiki/Anne_Elder_Award \"Anne Elder Award\")** | Cathy Altmann | *Circumnavigation* | Poetica Christi Press |\n| **[Mary Gilmore Award](/wiki/Mary_Gilmore_Award \"Mary Gilmore Award\")** | Not awarded | | |\n| **[New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards](/wiki/New_South_Wales_Premier%27s_Literary_Awards \"New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards\")** | [David Malouf](/wiki/David_Malouf \"David Malouf\") | *Earth Hour* | [University of Queensland Press](/wiki/University_of_Queensland_Press \"University of Queensland Press\") |\n| **[Victorian Premier's Literary Award](/wiki/Victorian_Premier%27s_Literary_Award \"Victorian Premier's Literary Award\")** | [Jill Jones](/wiki/Jill_Jones_%28poet%29 \"Jill Jones (poet)\") | *The Beautiful Anxiety* | Puncher and Wattmann |\n|\n\n",
"### Drama\n\n| Award | Category | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards](/wiki/New_South_Wales_Premier%27s_Literary_Awards \"New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards\")** | Script | [Jennifer Kent](/wiki/Jennifer_Kent \"Jennifer Kent\") | *The Babadook* | Causeway Films |\n| **[Patrick White Playwrights' Award](/wiki/Patrick_White_Playwrights%27_Award \"Patrick White Playwrights' Award\")** | Award | Neil Levi | *Kin* | Sydney Theatre Company |\n| Fellowship | [Tommy Murphy](/wiki/Tommy_Murphy_%28Australian_playwright%29 \"Tommy Murphy (Australian playwright)\") | | |\n\n",
"### Non\\-Fiction\n\n| Award | Category | Author | Title | Publisher |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **[Adelaide Festival Awards for Literature](/wiki/Adelaide_Festival_Awards_for_Literature%23Non-Fiction_Award \"Adelaide Festival Awards for Literature#Non-Fiction Award\")** | Non\\-Fiction | Not awarded | |\n| **[Indie Book Awards Book of the Year](/wiki/Indie_Book_Awards_%28Australia%29 \"Indie Book Awards (Australia)\")** | [Non\\-Fiction](/wiki/Indie_Book_Awards_Book_of_the_Year_%E2%80%93_Non-Fiction \"Indie Book Awards Book of the Year – Non-Fiction\") | [Don Watson](/wiki/Don_Watson \"Don Watson\") | *The Bush: Travels in the Heart of Australia* | [Penguin](/wiki/Penguin_Books \"Penguin Books\") |\n| **[National Biography Award](/wiki/National_Biography_Award \"National Biography Award\")** | Biography | Philip Butterss | *An Unsentimental Bloke: The Life and Work of C J Dennis* | Wakefield Press |\n| **[New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards](/wiki/New_South_Wales_Premier%27s_Literary_Awards \"New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards\")** | Non\\-Fiction | [Don Watson](/wiki/Don_Watson \"Don Watson\") | *The Bush : Travels in the Heart of Australia* | [Penguin](/wiki/Penguin_Books \"Penguin Books\") |\n| **[New South Wales Premier's History Awards](/wiki/New_South_Wales_Premier%27s_History_Awards \"New South Wales Premier's History Awards\")** | Australian History | [Alan Atkinson](/wiki/Alan_Atkinson_%28historian%29 \"Alan Atkinson (historian)\") | *The Europeans in Australia: Volume Three: Nation* | [Oxford University Press](/wiki/Oxford_University_Press \"Oxford University Press\") |\n| Community and Regional History | [Babette Smith](/wiki/Babette_Smith \"Babette Smith\") | *The Luck of the Irish : How a Shipload of Convicts Survived the Wreck of the Hive to Make a New Life in Australia* | [Allen \\& Unwin](/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin \"Allen & Unwin\") |\n| General History | [Warwick Anderson](/wiki/Warwick_Anderson \"Warwick Anderson\") \\& Ian R Mackay | *Intolerant Bodies : A Short History of Autoimmunity* | [Johns Hopkins University Press](/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University_Press \"Johns Hopkins University Press\") |\n| **[Queensland Literary Awards](/wiki/Queensland_Literary_Awards \"Queensland Literary Awards\")** | Non\\-Fiction | [Don Watson](/wiki/Don_Watson \"Don Watson\") | *The Bush : Travels in the Heart of Australia* | [Penguin](/wiki/Penguin_Books \"Penguin Books\") |\n| **[Victorian Premier's Literary Award](/wiki/Victorian_Premier%27s_Literary_Award \"Victorian Premier's Literary Award\")** | Non\\-fiction | [Alan Atkinson](/wiki/Alan_Atkinson_%28historian%29 \"Alan Atkinson (historian)\") | *The Europeans in Australia: Volume Three: Nation* | [Oxford University Press](/wiki/Oxford_University_Press \"Oxford University Press\") |\n|\n\n",
"Deaths\n------\n\n* 28 January — [Lionel Gilbert](/wiki/Lionel_Gilbert \"Lionel Gilbert\"), historian, author, and academic, (born [1924](/wiki/1924_in_Australian_literature \"1924 in Australian literature\"))\n* 29 January — [Colleen McCullough](/wiki/Colleen_McCullough \"Colleen McCullough\"), novelist (born [1937](/wiki/1937_in_Australian_literature \"1937 in Australian literature\"))\n* 13 February — [Faith Bandler](/wiki/Faith_Bandler \"Faith Bandler\"), author and civil rights activist (born [1918](/wiki/1918_in_Australian_literature \"1918 in Australian literature\"))\n* 23 February — [James Aldridge](/wiki/James_Aldridge \"James Aldridge\"), novelist (born [1918](/wiki/1918_in_Australian_literature \"1918 in Australian literature\"))\n* 20 March — [Malcolm Fraser](/wiki/Malcolm_Fraser \"Malcolm Fraser\"), politician and author (born [1930](/wiki/1930_in_Australian_literature \"1930 in Australian literature\"))\n* 23 March — [Alan Seymour](/wiki/Alan_Seymour \"Alan Seymour\"), playwright (born [1927](/wiki/1927_in_Australian_literature \"1927 in Australian literature\"))\n* 20 May — [J. S. Harry](/wiki/J._S._Harry \"J. S. Harry\"), poet (born [1939](/wiki/1939_in_Australian_literature \"1939 in Australian literature\"))\n* 20 August — [Veronica Brady](/wiki/Veronica_Brady \"Veronica Brady\"), poet and critic (born [1929](/wiki/1929_in_Australian_literature \"1929 in Australian literature\"))\n* 4 October — [Nan Hunt](/wiki/Nan_Hunt \"Nan Hunt\"), children's writer who also wrote as N. L. Ray (born [1918](/wiki/1918_in_Australian_literature \"1918 in Australian literature\"))\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [2015 in Australia](/wiki/2015_in_Australia \"2015 in Australia\")\n* [2015 in literature](/wiki/2015_in_literature \"2015 in literature\")\n* [2015 in poetry](/wiki/2015_in_poetry \"2015 in poetry\")\n* [List of years in Australian literature](/wiki/List_of_years_in_Australian_literature \"List of years in Australian literature\")\n* [List of years in literature](/wiki/List_of_years_in_literature \"List of years in literature\")\n* [List of Australian literary awards](/wiki/List_of_Australian_literary_awards \"List of Australian literary awards\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\nNote: all references relating to awards can, or should be, found on the relevant award's page.\n\n[\\*](/wiki/Category:2015_books \"2015 books\")\n[Literature](/wiki/Category:2015_in_Australia \"2015 in Australia\")\n[Category:Australian literature by year](/wiki/Category:Australian_literature_by_year \"Australian literature by year\")\n[Category:Years of the 21st century in Australia](/wiki/Category:Years_of_the_21st_century_in_Australia \"Years of the 21st century in Australia\")\n[Category:Years of the 21st century in literature](/wiki/Category:Years_of_the_21st_century_in_literature \"Years of the 21st century in literature\")\n\n"
]
} |
Play World Tour | {
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23790531
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"name": [
"Leehsiao"
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} | 0n5vllg74czyjhqaedy66oc6yvp1td7 | 2024-06-18T09:33:08Z | 1,221,656,237 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Background and development",
"Commercial reception",
"Critical reception",
"Video release",
"Set list",
"Shows",
"Cancelled dates",
"Notes",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
3,
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"content": [
"\n\n* + \n\n**Play World Tour** () was the fourth concert tour by Taiwanese singer [Jolin Tsai](/wiki/Jolin_Tsai \"Jolin Tsai\"). It started on May 22, 2015, in Taipei, Taiwan at [Taipei Arena](/wiki/Taipei_Arena \"Taipei Arena\") and continued throughout Asia and North America before concluding on July 16, 2016, in [Kuala Lumpur](/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur \"Kuala Lumpur\"), Malaysia at [Stadium Merdeka](/wiki/Stadium_Merdeka \"Stadium Merdeka\"). It grossed [NT$](/wiki/New_Taiwan_dollar \"New Taiwan dollar\")1\\.5 billion from 34 shows and 600,000 attendance.\n\n",
"Background and development\n--------------------------\n\nOn October 29, 2014, Tsai revealed that she would start preparing for her fourth concert tour after the release of *[Play](/wiki/Play_%28Jolin_Tsai_album%29 \"Play (Jolin Tsai album)\")*, and the new tour would pay more attention to music. On February 15, 2015, she announced that she would embark on the Play World Tour in Taipei, Taiwan at [Taipei Arena](/wiki/Taipei_Arena \"Taipei Arena\") on May 22, 2015\\. On February 29, 2015, she flew to Los Angeles, United States to start a two\\-week dance rehearsal. At the same time, all the personnel of the tour flew to Los Angeles to begin the pre\\-production work. It was revealed that Tsai and all the dancers would rehearse on a one\\-to\\-one simulated temporary stage in Taipei, Taiwan two weeks before the start of the tour. On February 31, 2015, she released the promotional poster for the tour, which was shot by [Chen Man](/wiki/Chen_Man \"Chen Man\"), with [Wyman Wong](/wiki/Wyman_Wong \"Wyman Wong\") as the stylist. At the same time, she revealed that the tour would cooperate with the [Live Nation Entertainment](/wiki/Live_Nation_Entertainment \"Live Nation Entertainment\") and would be co\\-directed by [Travis Payne](/wiki/Travis_Payne \"Travis Payne\") and Stacy Walker.\n\nIt was revealed that the cost of the tour exceeded [NT$](/wiki/New_Taiwan_dollar \"New Taiwan dollar\")100 million, and all the stage design teams came from all over the world. At the same time, Jet Tone Film Production was invited to create five video interludes for the tour. In addition, Live Nation Entertainment held three dancer auditions in Los Angeles and finally selected 12 dancers. Live Nation Entertainment also invited 14 choreographers for the tour. On June 1, 2015, Tsai held a press conference in Beijing, China and announced a number of shows that would be held in China.\n\n",
"Commercial reception\n--------------------\n\nThe ticket sale for the Taipei dates began on April 12, 2015, and all the 33,000 tickets were sold out within 18 minutes. Therefore, it was announced that an additional Taipei show would be held on May 25, 2015\\. The tickets for the additional Taipei show went on sale on April 15, 2015, and all the 11,000 tickets were sold out within six minutes. On May 24, 2015, Tsai announced that the tour would be held in Taipei, Taiwan on November 7 and 8, 2015\\. On June 13, 2015, the tickets for the Taipei shows on November 7 and 8, 2015 went on sale, and all the 22,000 tickets were sold out within 17 minutes. On August 15, 2015, she announced that an additional Taipei show would be held on November 6, 2015\\. On August 28, 2015, she announced that an additional Taipei show would be held on November 5, 2015\\. On September 5, 2015, the tickets for the Taipei shows on November 5 and 6, 2015 went on sale, and all the 22,000 tickets were sold out within 13 minutes.\n\n",
"Critical reception\n------------------\n\nTaiwanese media personality Kevin Lee commented: \"The level of this concert is completely beyond my surprise, the content, costume, singing, dancing, and stage design, they are completely at the international level, even surpassing it. This made me very proud that we have such outstanding and successful Chinese artist. It is full of sincerity and is totally worth the ticket price! And Jolin's flawless and precise stage performance has washed away my previous impression that artists who can dance but can't sing and artists who can sing but can't dance. I see that Jolin is one of the very few solid talents who can both dance and sing. In one of the parts, her opera performance made me moved and amazed by her singing ability who is good at dancing.\" Writing for PlayMusic, Shau commented: \"In this concert, Jolin Tsai not only proved that she has the real ability to sing, but also showed her more and more comfortable side, winking playfully, declaring loudly that she is a 'barbie doll', she is not afraid of being alone on the stage, she picked up the microphone, and the audience held their breath for it. Jolin Tsai is the imprint of the youthful time of a group of people, however, the author believes that her trend will continue to spread, and the youthful time of another group of people will also be branded with the hot and unlimited charm of the queen.\"\n\nWriting for [ETtoday](/wiki/Eastern_Broadcasting_Company \"Eastern Broadcasting Company\"), Aping commented: \"In this Play concert, even though Jolin Tsai has changed from being cool to full of jokes. She boldly took away the talking time, and removed the [pommel horse](/wiki/Pommel_horse \"Pommel horse\"), [rings](/wiki/Rings_%28gymnastics%29 \"Rings (gymnastics)\"), and [pole dance](/wiki/Pole_dance \"Pole dance\"); but it doesn't mean that she didn't practice dancing seriously. All the songs were re\\-arranged, all the old dance moves were discarded, and six complete parts were used to give fans all of her. Jolin Tsai fully understands that even if the difficult moves were removed, she can still be a great artist on stage.\" BeautiMode commented: \"It may be exaggerated to say so, but compared with the previous [Myself World Tour](/wiki/Myself_World_Tour \"Myself World Tour\") and [Dancing Forever World Tour](/wiki/Dancing_Forever_World_Tour \"Dancing Forever World Tour\"), this time Jolin is indeed more comfortable and more like a superstar on the stage than before. When the curtain fell, Jolin, with the special decoration of robotic snakes on head, reappeared like the mythical [Medusa](/wiki/Medusa \"Medusa\"), using her singing and dancing to petrify all the fans.\"\n\n",
"Video release\n-------------\n\nOn January 30, 2018, Tsai released a live video album *Play World Tour* for the tour. It includes the performances in Taipei, Taiwan at [Taipei Arena](/wiki/Taipei_Arena \"Taipei Arena\") during May 22–25, 2015 and four *We're All Different, Yet the Same* documentary films directed either by [Hou Chi\\-jan](/wiki/Hou_Chi-jan \"Hou Chi-jan\") or [Gavin Lin](/wiki/Gavin_Lin \"Gavin Lin\"), and one behind\\-the\\-scenes footage. The album was directed by Leo Hsu and post\\-produced by 3 Aqua Entertainment. In addition, [Warner](/wiki/Warner_Music_Group \"Warner Music Group\") revealed that the concert video was filmed with a total of 26 ground and aerial cameras, and edited from 400 hours of material, and Tsai supervised the post\\-production of video for three times.\n\nThe physical format of the album was only released in Taiwan. It peaked at number one on the weekly video album sales in Taiwan, including Chia Chia, [Eslite](/wiki/Eslite_Bookstore \"Eslite Bookstore\"), Five Music, [G\\-Music](/wiki/G-Music \"G-Music\"), Kuang Nan, PChome, [Pok'elai](/wiki/Books.com.tw \"Books.com.tw\"). In 2018, it reached number one on the yearly video album sales chart of Pok'elai, number one on Kuang Nan, number seven on Chia Chia, and number five on Five Music. In addition, it reached number two on the yearly video album sales chart of [YesAsia](/wiki/YesAsia \"YesAsia\").\n\n",
"Set list\n--------\n\n1. \"Medusa\"\n2. \"Real Man\"\n3. \"Honey Trap\"\n4. \"Bravo Lover\"\n5. \"I'm Not Yours\"\n6. \"Agent J\"\n7. \"Butterfly\"\n8. \"Love Love Love\"\n9. \"Prague Square\"\n10. \"I Love, I Embrace\"\n11. \"Exclusive Myth\"\n12. \"The Great Artist\"\n13. \"Mr. Q\"\n14. \"Rewind\"\n15. \"The Smell of Lemon Grass\"\n16. \"I Know You're Feeling Blue\"\n17. \"Sky\"\n18. \"Butterflies in My Stomach\"\n19. \"Miss Trouble\"\n20. \"[Queen of the Night Aria](/wiki/Queen_of_the_Night_aria \"Queen of the Night aria\")\"\n21. \"Sunshine in the Rain\"\n22. \"Nothing Left to Say\"\n23. \"You Gotta Know\"\n24. \"J\\-Game\"\n25. \"Fantasy\"\n26. \"36 Tricks of Love\"\n27. \"Phony Queen\"\n28. \"Dr. Jolin\"\n29. \"Dancing Diva\"\n30. \"Magic\"\n31. \"We're All Different, Yet the Same\"\n32. \"Out on the Street\"\n33. \"The Spirit of Knight\"\n34. \"Play\"\n\n* + - * + - * + - * + - * + - * + - * + - * + - * + - * + - * + - * \n\n",
"Shows\n-----\n\n| \\+List of concert dates |\n| --- |\n| Date | City | Country | Venue | Attendance | Revenue |\n|Asia\n\n| May 22, 2015 | [Taipei](/wiki/Taipei \"Taipei\") | [Taiwan](/wiki/Taiwan \"Taiwan\") | [Taipei Arena](/wiki/Taipei_Arena \"Taipei Arena\") | 44,000 | [NT$](/wiki/New_Taiwan_dollar \"New Taiwan dollar\")120 million |\n| May 23, 2015 |\n| May 24, 2015 |\n| May 25, 2015 |\n| July 4, 2015 | [Guangzhou](/wiki/Guangzhou \"Guangzhou\") | [China](/wiki/China \"China\") | [Guangzhou International Sports Arena](/wiki/Guangzhou_International_Sports_Arena \"Guangzhou International Sports Arena\") | rowspan\\=\"9\" | rowspan\\=\"9\" |\n| July 11, 2015 | [Beijing](/wiki/Beijing \"Beijing\") | [Capital Indoor Stadium](/wiki/Capital_Indoor_Stadium \"Capital Indoor Stadium\") |\n| July 18, 2015 | [Shanghai](/wiki/Shanghai \"Shanghai\") | [Mercedes\\-Benz Arena](/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Arena_%28Shanghai%29 \"Mercedes-Benz Arena (Shanghai)\") |\n| July 25, 2015 | [Singapore](/wiki/Singapore \"Singapore\") | | [Singapore Indoor Stadium](/wiki/Singapore_Indoor_Stadium \"Singapore Indoor Stadium\") |\n| September 4, 2015 | [Changsha](/wiki/Changsha \"Changsha\") | China | Hunan International Convention \\& Exhibition Centre |\n| September 19, 2015 | [Tianjin](/wiki/Tianjin \"Tianjin\") | [Tianjin Arena](/wiki/Tianjin_Arena \"Tianjin Arena\") |\n| September 26, 2015 | [Chongqing](/wiki/Chongqing \"Chongqing\") | Chongqing International Convention \\& Exhibition Center |\n| October 10, 2015 | [Hohhot](/wiki/Hohhot \"Hohhot\") | Inner Mongolia Arena |\n| October 24, 2015 | [Dalian](/wiki/Dalian \"Dalian\") | Zhongsheng Center |\n| November 5, 2015 | Taipei | Taiwan | Taipei Arena | 44,000 | NT$120 million |\n| November 6, 2015 |\n| November 7, 2015 |\n| November 8, 2015 |\n| November 11, 2015 | [Hangzhou](/wiki/Hangzhou \"Hangzhou\") | China | [Yellow Dragon Sports Center](/wiki/Yellow_Dragon_Sports_Center \"Yellow Dragon Sports Center\") | rowspan\\=\"5\" | rowspan\\=\"5\" |\n| November 28, 2015 | [Nanjing](/wiki/Nanjing \"Nanjing\") | [Nanjing Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium](/wiki/Nanjing_Olympic_Sports_Center_Gymnasium \"Nanjing Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium\") |\n| December 5, 2015 | [Fuzhou](/wiki/Fuzhou \"Fuzhou\") | [Straits Sports Centre Arena](/wiki/Quanzhou_Sports_Center \"Quanzhou Sports Center\") |\n| December 11, 2015 | [Hong Kong](/wiki/Hong_Kong \"Hong Kong\") | [Hong Kong Coliseum](/wiki/Hong_Kong_Coliseum \"Hong Kong Coliseum\") |\n| December 12, 2015 |\n|North America\n\n| March 26, 2016 | [Atlantic City](/wiki/Atlantic_City%2C_New_Jersey \"Atlantic City, New Jersey\") | [United States](/wiki/United_States \"United States\") | [Borgata Casino Event Center](/wiki/Borgata \"Borgata\") | rowspan\\=\"2\" | rowspan\\=\"2\" |\n| March 27, 2016 |\n|Asia\n\n| April 2, 2016 | [Hefei](/wiki/Hefei \"Hefei\") | China | Binhu International Convention and Exhibition Center | rowspan\\=\"10\" | rowspan\\=\"10\" |\n| April 16, 2016 | [Shenzhen](/wiki/Shenzhen \"Shenzhen\") | [Shenzhen Bay Sports Centre Arena](/wiki/Shenzhen_Bay_Sports_Center \"Shenzhen Bay Sports Center\") |\n| April 23, 2016 | [Wuhan](/wiki/Wuhan \"Wuhan\") | [Hongshan Arena](/wiki/Hongshan_Arena \"Hongshan Arena\") |\n| April 30, 2016 | [Macau](/wiki/Macau \"Macau\") | [Cotai Arena](/wiki/Cotai_Arena \"Cotai Arena\") |\n| May 14, 2016 | Beijing | [LeSports Center](/wiki/Wukesong_Arena \"Wukesong Arena\") |\n| May 21, 2016 | Shanghai | Mercedes\\-Benz Arena |\n| June 11, 2016 | [Zhengzhou](/wiki/Zhengzhou \"Zhengzhou\") | Zhengzhou International Convention and Exhibition Centre |\n| June 18, 2016 | [Chengdu](/wiki/Chengdu \"Chengdu\") | Sichuan Gymnasium |\n| July 2, 2016 | [Taiyuan](/wiki/Taiyuan \"Taiyuan\") | Shanxi Gymnasium |\n| July 16, 2016 | [Kuala Lumpur](/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur \"Kuala Lumpur\") | [Malaysia](/wiki/Malaysia \"Malaysia\") | [Stadium Merdeka](/wiki/Stadium_Merdeka \"Stadium Merdeka\") |\n| Total | | | | 600,000 | NT$1\\.5 billion |\n\n### Cancelled dates\n\n| \\+List of cancelled dates |\n| --- |\n| Date | City | Country | Venue | Reason |\n| October 31, 2015 | [Nanning](/wiki/Nanning \"Nanning\") | China | [Guangxi Sports Center Arena](/wiki/Guangxi_Sports_Center \"Guangxi Sports Center\") | Stage collapse |\n\n### Notes\n\n",
"### Cancelled dates\n\n| \\+List of cancelled dates |\n| --- |\n| Date | City | Country | Venue | Reason |\n| October 31, 2015 | [Nanning](/wiki/Nanning \"Nanning\") | China | [Guangxi Sports Center Arena](/wiki/Guangxi_Sports_Center \"Guangxi Sports Center\") | Stage collapse |\n\n",
"### Notes\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:2015 concert tours](/wiki/Category:2015_concert_tours \"2015 concert tours\")\n[Category:2016 concert tours](/wiki/Category:2016_concert_tours \"2016 concert tours\")\n[Category:Concert tours of China](/wiki/Category:Concert_tours_of_China \"Concert tours of China\")\n[Category:Concert tours of Malaysia](/wiki/Category:Concert_tours_of_Malaysia \"Concert tours of Malaysia\")\n[Category:Concert tours of Singapore](/wiki/Category:Concert_tours_of_Singapore \"Concert tours of Singapore\")\n[Category:Concert tours of Taiwan](/wiki/Category:Concert_tours_of_Taiwan \"Concert tours of Taiwan\")\n[Category:Concert tours of the United States](/wiki/Category:Concert_tours_of_the_United_States \"Concert tours of the United States\")\n[Category:Jolin Tsai concert tours](/wiki/Category:Jolin_Tsai_concert_tours \"Jolin Tsai concert tours\")\n\n"
]
} |
List of Major League Baseball career putouts as a second baseman leaders | {
"id": [
46335398
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"name": [
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} | 5jhcv4ixstdvl0c18lawq7ujw28jkxg | 2024-10-01T04:06:22Z | 1,248,665,437 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Key",
"List",
"Other Hall of Famers",
"Notes",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n[thumb\\|right\\|200px\\|Bid McPhee, the all\\-time leader in career putouts by a second baseman](/wiki/File:BidMcPhee3.jpg \"BidMcPhee3.jpg\")\nIn [baseball statistics](/wiki/Baseball_statistics \"Baseball statistics\"), a **[putout](/wiki/Putout \"Putout\")** (denoted by PO or [fly out](/wiki/Types_of_batted_balls_in_baseball \"Types of batted balls in baseball\") when appropriate) is given to a defensive player who records an [out](/wiki/Out_%28baseball%29 \"Out (baseball)\") by [tagging](/wiki/Tag_out \"Tag out\") a [runner](/wiki/Base_running \"Base running\") with the ball when he is not touching a base, catching a [batted](/wiki/Batting_%28baseball%29 \"Batting (baseball)\") or thrown ball and tagging a base to put out a batter or runner (a [force out](/wiki/Force_play \"Force play\")), catching a thrown ball and tagging a base to record an out on an [appeal play](/wiki/Appeal_play \"Appeal play\"), catching a [third strike](/wiki/Strikeout \"Strikeout\") (a [strikeout](/wiki/Strikeout \"Strikeout\")), catching a batted ball on the [fly](/wiki/Types_of_batted_balls_in_baseball \"Types of batted balls in baseball\") (a [flyout](/wiki/In_flight \"In flight\")), or being positioned closest to a runner called out for [interference](/wiki/Interference_%28baseball%29 \"Interference (baseball)\"). In [baseball](/wiki/Baseball \"Baseball\") and [softball](/wiki/Softball \"Softball\"), the **[second baseman](/wiki/Second_baseman \"Second baseman\")** is a fielding position in the [infield](/wiki/Infielder \"Infielder\"), commonly stationed between [second](/wiki/Baseball_field%23Second_base \"Baseball field#Second base\") and [first base](/wiki/Baseball_field%23First_base \"Baseball field#First base\"). The second baseman often possesses quick hands and feet, needs the ability to get rid of the ball quickly, and must be able to make the pivot on a [double play](/wiki/Double_play \"Double play\"). In addition, second basemen are almost always right\\-handed. Only four left\\-handed throwing players have appeared as second basemen in the major leagues since 1950; one of the four, [Gonzalo Márquez](/wiki/Gonzalo_M%C3%A1rquez \"Gonzalo Márquez\"), was listed as the second baseman in the starting lineup for two games in 1973, [batting](/wiki/Batting_%28baseball%29 \"Batting (baseball)\") in the first [inning](/wiki/Inning \"Inning\"), but was replaced before his team took the field on defense, and none of the other three players lasted even a complete inning at the position. In the [numbering system](/wiki/Baseball_scorekeeping \"Baseball scorekeeping\") used to record defensive plays, the second baseman is assigned the number 4\\.\n\nPutouts are most commonly recorded by second basemen by stepping on second base after receiving a throw from another infielder or the [pitcher](/wiki/Pitcher \"Pitcher\") to force out a runner on a [ground out](/wiki/Ground_out_%28baseball%29 \"Ground out (baseball)\"), often beginning a double play; a second baseman generally benefits in this respect from playing alongside an excellent [shortstop](/wiki/Shortstop \"Shortstop\") with great range and quickness. Other ways in which second basemen often record a putout include catching a [pop\\-up](/wiki/Batted_ball%23Fly_ball \"Batted ball#Fly ball\") or [line drive](/wiki/Batted_ball%23Line_drive \"Batted ball#Line drive\"), fielding a [ground ball](/wiki/Batted_ball%23Ground_ball \"Batted ball#Ground ball\") close enough to second base that they can step on the bag for a force out before the runner advances from first base, tagging a runner after a throw from the [catcher](/wiki/Catcher \"Catcher\") or pitcher on a [stolen base](/wiki/Stolen_base \"Stolen base\") attempt or a [pickoff](/wiki/Pickoff \"Pickoff\") play, receiving a throw from an [outfielder](/wiki/Outfielder \"Outfielder\") to tag out a runner trying to stretch a [single](/wiki/Single_%28baseball%29 \"Single (baseball)\") into a [double](/wiki/Double_%28baseball%29 \"Double (baseball)\"), receiving a throw to retire a runner who fails to [tag up](/wiki/Tag_up \"Tag up\") on a fly ball out, receiving a throw to force out a runner on a [bunt](/wiki/Bunt_%28baseball%29 \"Bunt (baseball)\") (possibly a [sacrifice hit](/wiki/Sacrifice_bunt \"Sacrifice bunt\") attempt), and tagging a runner stranded between bases in a [rundown](/wiki/Rundown \"Rundown\") play. Sometimes a second baseman will record a putout while [covering first base](/wiki/Bunt_%28baseball%29%23Fielding_a_bunt \"Bunt (baseball)#Fielding a bunt\") if the [first baseman](/wiki/First_baseman \"First baseman\") is charging toward the plate on an expected bunt. Occasionally, a second baseman can record two putouts on a single play; with a runner taking a lead off second base and less than two out, the second baseman can catch a line drive near the base, then step on the bag before the runner can return, completing a double play; alternately, if a runner on first base breaks for second base when the ball is hit, the second baseman can catch a line drive and tag the runner before they can stop and return to first. On five occasions in major league history, a second baseman has recorded three putouts on a single play for an [unassisted triple play](/wiki/Unassisted_triple_play \"Unassisted triple play\"), always by catching a line drive, then stepping on second base and tagging the runner advancing from first base (one of the five tagged the runner before stepping on the bag). The first and most famous of these occurred in Game Five of the [1920 World Series](/wiki/1920_World_Series \"1920 World Series\"), when [Cleveland Indians](/wiki/Cleveland_Indians \"Cleveland Indians\") second baseman [Bill Wambsganss](/wiki/Bill_Wambsganss \"Bill Wambsganss\") accomplished the feat in the fifth inning.\n\nAs strikeout totals have risen in baseball, the frequency of other defensive outs including ground outs has declined; as a result, putout totals for second basemen have likewise declined, and seven of the top eight career leaders began their careers before 1961\\. Through 2021, only five of the top 19 single\\-season totals have been recorded since 1936, only eight of the top 70 since 1962, and only two of the top 154 since 1980; only four of the top 500 have been recorded since 2000\\. [Bid McPhee](/wiki/Bid_McPhee \"Bid McPhee\"), who retired in 1899 and is the only second baseman ever to record 500 putouts in a season, is the all\\-time leader in career putouts as a second baseman with 6,552\\. [Eddie Collins](/wiki/Eddie_Collins \"Eddie Collins\") (6,526\\) and [Nellie Fox](/wiki/Nellie_Fox \"Nellie Fox\") (6,090\\) are the only other second basemen with over 6,000 career putouts.\n\n",
"Key\n---\n\n| **Rank** | Rank amongst leaders in career putouts. A blank field indicates a tie. |\n| --- | --- |\n| **Player (2025 POs)** | Number of recorded putouts during the [2025 Major League Baseball season](/wiki/2025_Major_League_Baseball_season \"2025 Major League Baseball season\") |\n| **MLB** | Total career putouts as a second baseman in Major League Baseball |\n|\\*\n\n Denotes elected to [National Baseball Hall of Fame](/wiki/National_Baseball_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum \"National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum\") |\n|**Bold**\n\n Denotes active playerA player is considered inactive if he has announced his retirement or has not played for a full season. |\n\n",
"List\n----\n\n[thumb\\|130px\\|Jose Altuve, the active leader in putouts as a second baseman and 100th all\\-time.](/wiki/File:Jose_Altuve_in_Houston_in_January_2015.jpg \"Jose Altuve in Houston in January 2015.jpg\")\n[thumb\\|130px\\|Eddie Collins holds the American League career record.](/wiki/File:Eddie_Collins_1911.jpg \"Eddie Collins 1911.jpg\")\n[thumb\\|130px\\|Nellie Fox led the American League in putouts a record ten consecutive seasons.](/wiki/File:Nellie_Fox_1960.jpeg \"Nellie Fox 1960.jpeg\")\n[thumb\\|130px\\|Joe Morgan holds the National League career record.](/wiki/File:Joe_Morgan_Reds_1972.jpg \"Joe Morgan Reds 1972.jpg\")\n[thumb\\|130px\\|Fred Pfeffer held the National League career record for 47 years.](/wiki/File:Fred_Pfeffer.jpg \"Fred Pfeffer.jpg\")\n[thumb\\|130px\\|Bobby Grich's 484 putouts in 1974 are the most by any second baseman since 1900\\.](/wiki/File:Bobby_Grich_Orioles.jpg \"Bobby Grich Orioles.jpg\")\n* Stats updated as of the end of the 2024 season.\n\n| Rank | Player (2025 POs) | Putouts as a second baseman | | | Other leagues, notes |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| MLB | American League | National League |\n| 1 |[Bid McPhee](/wiki/Bid_McPhee \"Bid McPhee\")\\*\n\n 6,552 |\n 0 |\n 3,441 |\n Includes 3,111 in [American Association](/wiki/American_Association_%281882%E2%80%931891%29 \"American Association (1882–1891)\"); holds the single\\-season record of 529 (set in 1886\\) |\n| 2 |[Eddie Collins](/wiki/Eddie_Collins \"Eddie Collins\")\\*\n\n 6,526 |\n 6,526 |\n 0 |\n |\n| 3 |[Nellie Fox](/wiki/Nellie_Fox \"Nellie Fox\")\\*\n\n 6,090 |\n 5,859 |\n 231 |\n |\n| 4 |[Joe Morgan](/wiki/Joe_Morgan \"Joe Morgan\")\\*\n\n 5,742 |\n 201 |\n 5,541 |\n |\n| 5 |[Nap Lajoie](/wiki/Nap_Lajoie \"Nap Lajoie\")\\*\n\n 5,496 |\n 4,543 |\n 953 |\n Held American League record, 1901\\-1902, 1903\\-1904, 1908\\-1921; held AL single\\-season record, 1901\\-1905, 1908\\-1922 |\n| 6 |[Charlie Gehringer](/wiki/Charlie_Gehringer \"Charlie Gehringer\")\\*\n\n 5,369 |\n 5,369 |\n 0 |\n |\n| 7 |[Bill Mazeroski](/wiki/Bill_Mazeroski \"Bill Mazeroski\")\\*\n\n 4,974 |\n 0 |\n 4,974 |\n Held National League record, 1970\\-1981 |\n| 8 |[Bobby Doerr](/wiki/Bobby_Doerr \"Bobby Doerr\")\\*\n\n 4,928 |\n 4,928 |\n 0 |\n |\n| 9 | [Willie Randolph](/wiki/Willie_Randolph \"Willie Randolph\") | 4,859 | 4,366 | 493 | |\n| 10 |[Billy Herman](/wiki/Billy_Herman \"Billy Herman\")\\*\n\n 4,780 |\n 0 |\n 4,780 |\n Held National League record, 1943\\-1970; holds the NL single\\-season record (466 in 1933\\) |\n| 11 | [Lou Whitaker](/wiki/Lou_Whitaker \"Lou Whitaker\") | 4,771 | 4,771 | 0 | |\n| 12 | [Frank White](/wiki/Frank_White_%28baseball%29 \"Frank White (baseball)\") | 4,742 | 4,742 | 0 | |\n| 13 | [Fred Pfeffer](/wiki/Fred_Pfeffer \"Fred Pfeffer\") | 4,719 | 0 | 4,278 | Includes 441 in [Players' League](/wiki/Players%27_League \"Players' League\"); held National League record, 1889\\-1936; held NL single\\-season record, 1884\\-1912 |\n| 14 |[Red Schoendienst](/wiki/Red_Schoendienst \"Red Schoendienst\")\\*\n\n 4,616 |\n 0 |\n 4,616 |\n |\n| 15 |[Roberto Alomar](/wiki/Roberto_Alomar \"Roberto Alomar\")\\*\n\n 4,458 |\n 3,028 |\n 1,430 |\n |\n| 16 |[Frankie Frisch](/wiki/Frankie_Frisch \"Frankie Frisch\")\\*\n\n 4,348 |\n 0 |\n 4,348 |\n Held National League record, 1936\\-1943 |\n| 17 | [Bobby Grich](/wiki/Bobby_Grich \"Bobby Grich\") | 4,217 | 4,217 | 0 | Holds the American League single\\-season record (484 in 1974\\) |\n| 18 | [Del Pratt](/wiki/Del_Pratt \"Del Pratt\") | 4,069 | 4,069 | 0 | |\n| 19 | [Robinson Canó](/wiki/Robinson_Can%C3%B3 \"Robinson Canó\") | 4,066 | 3,841 | 225 | |\n| 20 | [Jeff Kent](/wiki/Jeff_Kent \"Jeff Kent\") | 4,016 | 35 | 3,981 | |\n| 21 |[Craig Biggio](/wiki/Craig_Biggio \"Craig Biggio\")\\*\n\n 3,992 |\n 0 |\n 3,992 |\n |\n| 22 | [Kid Gleason](/wiki/Kid_Gleason \"Kid Gleason\") | 3,887 | 655 | 3,232 | |\n| 23 | [Cupid Childs](/wiki/Cupid_Childs \"Cupid Childs\") | 3,865 | 0 | 3,493 | Includes 372 in American Association |\n| 24 |[Ryne Sandberg](/wiki/Ryne_Sandberg \"Ryne Sandberg\")\\*\n\n 3,807 |\n 0 |\n 3,807 |\n |\n| 25 | [George Cutshaw](/wiki/George_Cutshaw \"George Cutshaw\") | 3,762 | 437 | 3,325 | |\n| 26 |[Johnny Evers](/wiki/Johnny_Evers \"Johnny Evers\")\\*\n\n 3,758 |\n 3 |\n 3,755 |\n |\n| 27 | [Lou Bierbauer](/wiki/Lou_Bierbauer \"Lou Bierbauer\") | 3,726 | 0 | 1,828 | Includes 1,526 in American Association, 372 in Players' League |\n| 28 | [Larry Doyle](/wiki/Larry_Doyle_%28baseball%29 \"Larry Doyle (baseball)\") | 3,635 | 0 | 3,635 | |\n| 29 |[Joe Gordon](/wiki/Joe_Gordon \"Joe Gordon\")\\*\n\n 3,600 |\n 3,600 |\n 0 |\n |\n| 30 | [Steve Sax](/wiki/Steve_Sax \"Steve Sax\") | 3,574 | 1,199 | 2,375 | |\n| 31 | [Brandon Phillips](/wiki/Brandon_Phillips \"Brandon Phillips\") | 3,548 | 304 | 3,244 | |\n| 32 | [Ray Durham](/wiki/Ray_Durham \"Ray Durham\") | 3,506 | 2,126 | 1,380 | |\n| 33 | [Félix Millán](/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Mill%C3%A1n \"Félix Millán\") | 3,495 | 0 | 3,495 | |\n| 34 | [Buddy Myer](/wiki/Buddy_Myer \"Buddy Myer\") | 3,487 | 3,487 | 0 | |\n| 35 | [Cub Stricker](/wiki/Cub_Stricker \"Cub Stricker\") | 3,447 | 0 | 843 | Includes 2,309 in American Association, 295 in Players' League |\n| 36 | [Hughie Critz](/wiki/Hughie_Critz \"Hughie Critz\") | 3,446 | 0 | 3,446 | |\n| 37 | [Claude Ritchey](/wiki/Claude_Ritchey \"Claude Ritchey\") | 3,444 | 0 | 3,444 | |\n| 38 | [Bret Boone](/wiki/Bret_Boone \"Bret Boone\") | 3,443 | 1,465 | 1,978 | |\n| 39 | [Ski Melillo](/wiki/Ski_Melillo \"Ski Melillo\") | 3,437 | 3,437 | 0 | |\n| 40 | [Chase Utley](/wiki/Chase_Utley \"Chase Utley\") | 3,426 | 0 | 3,426 | |\n| 41 |[Miller Huggins](/wiki/Miller_Huggins \"Miller Huggins\")\\*\n\n 3,425 |\n 0 |\n 3,425 |\n |\n| 42 | [Frank Bolling](/wiki/Frank_Bolling \"Frank Bolling\") | 3,423 | 1,863 | 1,560 | |\n| 43 |[Bucky Harris](/wiki/Bucky_Harris \"Bucky Harris\")\\*\n\n 3,412 |\n 3,412 |\n 0 |\n Held the American League single\\-season record, 1922\\-1974 |\n| 44 | [Manny Trillo](/wiki/Manny_Trillo \"Manny Trillo\") | 3,403 | 218 | 3,185 | |\n| 45 | [Ian Kinsler](/wiki/Ian_Kinsler \"Ian Kinsler\") | 3,397 | 3,301 | 96 | |\n| 46 | [Julián Javier](/wiki/Juli%C3%A1n_Javier \"Julián Javier\") | 3,380 | 0 | 3,380 | |\n| 47 |[Tony Lazzeri](/wiki/Tony_Lazzeri \"Tony Lazzeri\")\\*\n\n 3,351 |\n 3,315 |\n 36 |\n |\n| 48 | [Bobby Lowe](/wiki/Bobby_Lowe \"Bobby Lowe\") | 3,336 | 396 | 2,940 | |\n| 49 | [Joe Quinn](/wiki/Joe_Quinn_%28second_baseman%29 \"Joe Quinn (second baseman)\") | 3,329 | 158 | 2,730 | Includes 441 in Players' League |\n| 50 | [Luis Castillo](/wiki/Luis_Castillo_%28second_baseman%29 \"Luis Castillo (second baseman)\") | 3,287 | 421 | 2,866 | |\n| 51 | [Tony Taylor](/wiki/Tony_Taylor_%28baseball%29 \"Tony Taylor (baseball)\") | 3,274 | 369 | 2,905 | |\n| 52 | [Jerry Priddy](/wiki/Jerry_Priddy \"Jerry Priddy\") | 3,226 | 3,226 | 0 | |\n| 53 |[Rogers Hornsby](/wiki/Rogers_Hornsby \"Rogers Hornsby\")\\*\n\n 3,206 |\n 31 |\n 3,175 |\n |\n| 54 | [Dave Cash](/wiki/Dave_Cash_%28baseball%29 \"Dave Cash (baseball)\") | 3,185 | 0 | 3,185 | |\n| 55 | [Johnny Temple](/wiki/Johnny_Temple \"Johnny Temple\") | 3,172 | 549 | 2,623 | |\n| 56 | [Davey Lopes](/wiki/Davey_Lopes \"Davey Lopes\") | 3,142 | 563 | 2,579 | |\n| 57 | [Jim Gantner](/wiki/Jim_Gantner \"Jim Gantner\") | 3,139 | 3,139 | 0 | |\n| 58 | [Bobby Richardson](/wiki/Bobby_Richardson \"Bobby Richardson\") | 3,125 | 3,125 | 0 | |\n| 59 | [Cookie Rojas](/wiki/Cookie_Rojas \"Cookie Rojas\") | 3,100 | 1,630 | 1,470 | |\n| 60 | [Jack Burdock](/wiki/Jack_Burdock \"Jack Burdock\") | 3,075 | 0 | 2,522 | Includes 381 in [National Association](/wiki/National_Association_of_Professional_Base_Ball_Players \"National Association of Professional Base Ball Players\"), 172 in American Association; held major league record, 1878\\-1889; held NL record, 1876\\-1889; held single\\-season record, 1873\\-1874, 1879\\-1884; held NL single\\-season record, 1876\\-1884 |\n| 61 | [Don Blasingame](/wiki/Don_Blasingame \"Don Blasingame\") | 3,065 | 780 | 2,285 | |\n| 62 | [Tito Fuentes](/wiki/Tito_Fuentes \"Tito Fuentes\") | 3,046 | 396 | 2,650 | |\n| 63 | [Eddie Stanky](/wiki/Eddie_Stanky \"Eddie Stanky\") | 3,030 | 0 | 3,030 | |\n| 64 | [Bill Wambsganss](/wiki/Bill_Wambsganss \"Bill Wambsganss\") | 2,986 | 2,986 | 0 | |\n| 65 | [Tom Herr](/wiki/Tom_Herr \"Tom Herr\") | 2,932 | 140 | 2,792 | |\n| 66 | [Ted Sizemore](/wiki/Ted_Sizemore \"Ted Sizemore\") | 2,928 | 69 | 2,859 | |\n| 67 | [Fred Dunlap](/wiki/Fred_Dunlap \"Fred Dunlap\") | 2,909 | 0 | 2,559 | Includes 341 in [Union Association](/wiki/Union_Association \"Union Association\"), 8 in American Association, 1 in Players' League |\n| 68 | [Tony Cuccinello](/wiki/Tony_Cuccinello \"Tony Cuccinello\") | 2,883 | 11 | 2,872 | |\n| 69 | [Davey Johnson](/wiki/Davey_Johnson \"Davey Johnson\") | 2,837 | 2,273 | 564 | |\n| 70 | [Bobby Ávila](/wiki/Bobby_%C3%81vila \"Bobby Ávila\") | 2,820 | 2,717 | 103 | |\n| 71 | [Glenn Hubbard](/wiki/Glenn_Hubbard_%28baseball%29 \"Glenn Hubbard (baseball)\") | 2,795 | 277 | 2,518 | |\n| 72 | [Joe Gerhardt](/wiki/Joe_Gerhardt \"Joe Gerhardt\") | 2,794 | 0 | 1,446 | Includes 1,320 in American Association, 28 in National Association |\n| 73 | [Jimmy Williams](/wiki/Jimmy_Williams_%28second_baseman%29 \"Jimmy Williams (second baseman)\") | 2,759 | 2,759 | 0 | |\n| 74 | [Max Bishop](/wiki/Max_Bishop \"Max Bishop\") | 2,752 | 2,752 | 0 | |\n| 75 | [Harold Reynolds](/wiki/Harold_Reynolds \"Harold Reynolds\") | 2,749 | 2,749 | 0 | |\n| 76 | [Otto Knabe](/wiki/Otto_Knabe \"Otto Knabe\") | 2,743 | 0 | 2,251 | Includes 492 in [Federal League](/wiki/Federal_League \"Federal League\") |\n| 77 | [Ron Hunt](/wiki/Ron_Hunt \"Ron Hunt\") | 2,734 | 0 | 2,734 | |\n| 78 | [Glenn Beckert](/wiki/Glenn_Beckert \"Glenn Beckert\") | 2,710 | 0 | 2,710 | |\n| 79 | [Bill Hallman](/wiki/Bill_Hallman_%28second_baseman%29 \"Bill Hallman (second baseman)\") | 2,701 | 0 | 2,351 | Includes 327 in American Association, 23 in Players' League |\n| 80 | [Tommy Helms](/wiki/Tommy_Helms \"Tommy Helms\") | 2,688 | 4 | 2,684 | |\n| 81 | [Horace Clarke](/wiki/Horace_Clarke \"Horace Clarke\") | 2,682 | 2,642 | 40 | |\n| | [Johnny Ray](/wiki/Johnny_Ray_%28second_baseman%29 \"Johnny Ray (second baseman)\") | 2,682 | 766 | 1,916 | |\n| 83 | [Mark Ellis](/wiki/Mark_Ellis_%28baseball%29 \"Mark Ellis (baseball)\") | 2,671 | 2,042 | 629 | |\n| 84 | [Tom Daly](/wiki/Tom_Daly_%28infielder%29 \"Tom Daly (infielder)\") | 2,652 | 408 | 2,244 | |\n| 85 | [Orlando Hudson](/wiki/Orlando_Hudson \"Orlando Hudson\") | 2,635 | 1,236 | 1,399 | |\n| 86 | [Eric Young](/wiki/Eric_Young_Sr. \"Eric Young Sr.\") | 2,623 | 41 | 2,582 | |\n| 87 | [Bill Doran](/wiki/Bill_Doran_%28second_baseman%29 \"Bill Doran (second baseman)\") | 2,619 | 28 | 2,591 | |\n| 88 | [Robby Thompson](/wiki/Robby_Thompson \"Robby Thompson\") | 2,611 | 0 | 2,611 | |\n| 89 | [Delino DeShields](/wiki/Delino_DeShields \"Delino DeShields\") | 2,608 | 349 | 2,259 | |\n| 90 | [Ron Oester](/wiki/Ron_Oester \"Ron Oester\") | 2,591 | 0 | 2,591 | |\n| 91 | [Juan Samuel](/wiki/Juan_Samuel \"Juan Samuel\") | 2,580 | 48 | 2,532 | |\n| 92 | [Dustin Pedroia](/wiki/Dustin_Pedroia \"Dustin Pedroia\") | 2,574 | 2,574 | 0 | |\n| 93 |[Rod Carew](/wiki/Rod_Carew \"Rod Carew\")\\*\n\n 2,573 |\n 2,573 |\n 0 |\n |\n| 94 | [Sandy Alomar](/wiki/Sandy_Alomar_Sr. \"Sandy Alomar Sr.\") | 2,572 | 2,517 | 55 | |\n| 95 | [Rennie Stennett](/wiki/Rennie_Stennett \"Rennie Stennett\") | 2,568 | 0 | 2,568 | |\n| 96 | [Bobby Knoop](/wiki/Bobby_Knoop \"Bobby Knoop\") | 2,566 | 2,566 | 0 | |\n| 97 | [Jim Gilliam](/wiki/Jim_Gilliam \"Jim Gilliam\") | 2,546 | 0 | 2,279 | Includes 267 in [Negro National League (second)](/wiki/Negro_National_League_%281933%E2%80%931948%29 \"Negro National League (1933–1948)\") (incomplete) |\n| 98 | [Chuck Knoblauch](/wiki/Chuck_Knoblauch \"Chuck Knoblauch\") | 2,529 | 2,529 | 0 | |\n| 99 | [Dick Green](/wiki/Dick_Green \"Dick Green\") | 2,518 | 2,518 | 0 | |\n| 100 |**[Jose Altuve](/wiki/Jose_Altuve \"Jose Altuve\") (0\\)**\n\n 2,502 |\n 2,165 |\n 337 |\n |\n\n",
"Other Hall of Famers\n--------------------\n\n| Player | Putouts as second baseman | | | Other leagues, notes |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| MLB | American League | National League |\n| [Jackie Robinson](/wiki/Jackie_Robinson \"Jackie Robinson\")\\* | 1,877 | 0 | 1,877 | |\n| [Rabbit Maranville](/wiki/Rabbit_Maranville \"Rabbit Maranville\")\\* | 1,268 | 0 | 1,268 | |\n| [John Montgomery Ward](/wiki/John_Montgomery_Ward \"John Montgomery Ward\")\\* | 1,226 | 0 | 1,226 | |\n| [Paul Molitor](/wiki/Paul_Molitor \"Paul Molitor\")\\* | 926 | 926 | 0 | |\n| [George Kelly](/wiki/George_Kelly_%28baseball%29 \"George Kelly (baseball)\")\\* | 337 | 0 | 337 | |\n| [Ed Delahanty](/wiki/Ed_Delahanty \"Ed Delahanty\")\\* | 316 | 0 | 262 | Includes 54 in [Players' League](/wiki/Players%27_League \"Players' League\") |\n| [John Henry Lloyd](/wiki/John_Henry_Lloyd \"John Henry Lloyd\")\\* | 244 | 0 | 0 | Includes 244 in [Eastern Colored League](/wiki/Eastern_Colored_League \"Eastern Colored League\") (incomplete) |\n| [Roger Connor](/wiki/Roger_Connor \"Roger Connor\")\\* | 239 | 0 | 239 | |\n| [George Davis](/wiki/George_Davis_%28baseball%29 \"George Davis (baseball)\")\\* | 239 | 195 | 44 | |\n| [Ray Dandridge](/wiki/Ray_Dandridge \"Ray Dandridge\")\\* | 86 | 0 | 0 | Includes 86 in [Negro National League (second)](/wiki/Negro_National_League_%281933%E2%80%931948%29 \"Negro National League (1933–1948)\") (incomplete) |\n| [Joe Cronin](/wiki/Joe_Cronin \"Joe Cronin\")\\* | 58 | 1 | 57 | |\n| [Martín Dihigo](/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Dihigo \"Martín Dihigo\")\\* | 39 | 0 | 0 | Includes 28 in [American Negro League](/wiki/American_Negro_League \"American Negro League\"), 7 in Negro National League (second), 4 in Eastern Colored League (incomplete) |\n| [Adrián Beltré](/wiki/Adri%C3%A1n_Beltr%C3%A9 \"Adrián Beltré\")\\* | 0 | 0 | 0 | |\n| [Frank Grant](/wiki/Frank_Grant_%28baseball%29 \"Frank Grant (baseball)\")\\* | 0 | 0 | 0 | Unavailable pre\\-Negro league figures |\n\n",
"Notes\n-----\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:Major League Baseball statistics](/wiki/Category:Major_League_Baseball_statistics \"Major League Baseball statistics\")\n[Putouts as a second baseman](/wiki/Category:Major_League_Baseball_lists \"Major League Baseball lists\")\n\n"
]
} |
Novozvanivka | {
"id": [
15596939
],
"name": [
"Pietadè"
]
} | 39lt4l8teydt61e5897gqy0mkg0756k | 2022-11-13T17:51:20Z | 1,116,127,709 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Demographics",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Novozvanivka** (; ) is a village in [Sievierodonetsk Raion](/wiki/Sievierodonetsk_Raion \"Sievierodonetsk Raion\") ([district](/wiki/Raions_of_Ukraine \"Raions of Ukraine\")) in [Luhansk Oblast](/wiki/Luhansk_Oblast \"Luhansk Oblast\") of eastern [Ukraine](/wiki/Ukraine \"Ukraine\"). On May 16, 2022, the [Luhansk People's Republic](/wiki/Luhansk_People%27s_Republic \"Luhansk People's Republic\") militia took control over the village from the [Ukrainian Armed Forces](/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Ukraine \"Armed Forces of Ukraine\").\n\n",
"Demographics\n------------\n\nNative language as of the [Ukrainian Census of 2001](/wiki/Ukrainian_Census_%282001%29 \"Ukrainian Census (2001)\"):[Розподіл населення за рідною мовою на ukrcensus.gov.ua](http://database.ukrcensus.gov.ua/MULT/Database/Census/databasetree_uk.asp)\n* [Ukrainian](/wiki/Ukrainian_language \"Ukrainian language\") 77\\.38%\n* [Russian](/wiki/Russian_language \"Russian language\") 22\\.02%\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Weather forecast for Novozvanivka](http://weather.in.ua/en/lyganskaja/17596)\n\n[Category:Villages in Sievierodonetsk Raion](/wiki/Category:Villages_in_Sievierodonetsk_Raion \"Villages in Sievierodonetsk Raion\")\n\n"
]
} |
Dundee, Missouri | {
"id": [
753665
],
"name": [
"Ser Amantio di Nicolao"
]
} | bb0pmygq1nxi3jiburghpbjy8pteevs | 2023-07-24T04:56:13Z | 1,166,327,184 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Dundee** is an [unincorporated community](/wiki/Unincorporated_community \"Unincorporated community\") in northern [Franklin County](/wiki/Franklin_County%2C_Missouri \"Franklin County, Missouri\"), in the [U.S. state](/wiki/U.S._state \"U.S. state\") of [Missouri](/wiki/Missouri \"Missouri\"). The community is above the [Missouri River](/wiki/Missouri_River \"Missouri River\") floodplain on [Missouri Route 100](/wiki/Missouri_Route_100 \"Missouri Route 100\") approximately six miles northwest of [Washington](/wiki/Washington%2C_Missouri \"Washington, Missouri\") and five miles east of [New Haven](/wiki/New_Haven%2C_Missouri \"New Haven, Missouri\").*Missouri Atlas \\& Gazetteer,* Delorme, 1st ed., 1998, pp.39 and 40 \n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nDundee was [platted](/wiki/Plat \"Plat\") in 1857, and named after [Dundee](/wiki/Dundee \"Dundee\"), in Scotland, the ancestral home of a first settler. A post office called Dundee was established in 1857, and remained in operation until 1908\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Unincorporated communities in Franklin County, Missouri](/wiki/Category:Unincorporated_communities_in_Franklin_County%2C_Missouri \"Unincorporated communities in Franklin County, Missouri\")\n[Category:Unincorporated communities in Missouri](/wiki/Category:Unincorporated_communities_in_Missouri \"Unincorporated communities in Missouri\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Eucalyptus carnea | {
"id": [
27015025
],
"name": [
"InternetArchiveBot"
]
} | qbdy8hisjwmatr4gzignfqgh0ft23gj | 2024-03-17T19:49:44Z | 1,010,795,148 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Description",
"Taxonomy and naming",
"Distribution and habitat",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n* + - \n\n***Eucalyptus carnea***, known as the **thick\\-leaved mahogany** or **broad\\-leaved white mahogany**, is a species of tree that is [endemic](/wiki/Endemism \"Endemism\") to coastal areas of eastern Australia. It has rough, stringy bark from the trunk to the thinnest branches, lance\\-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and cup\\-shaped to hemispherical fruit.[thumb\\|right\\|flower buds](/wiki/Image:Eucalyptus_carnea_buds.jpg \"Eucalyptus carnea buds.jpg\")[thumb\\|right\\|foliage and flowers](/wiki/Image:Eucalyptus_carnea_flowers.jpg \"Eucalyptus carnea flowers.jpg\")[thumb\\|right\\|fruit](/wiki/Image:Eucalyptus_carnea_fruit.jpg \"Eucalyptus carnea fruit.jpg\")\n\n",
"Description\n-----------\n\n*Eucalyptus carnea* is a tree that grows to a height of and forms a [lignotuber](/wiki/Lignotuber \"Lignotuber\"). It has rough grey or brownish, stringy or fibrous bark from the trunk to the thinnest branches. Young plants and [coppice](/wiki/Coppice \"Coppice\") regrowth have leaves arranged in opposite pairs, lance\\-shaped to curved, long, wide and a different shade on either side. Adult leaves are lance\\-shaped or curved, long and wide on a [petiole](/wiki/Petiole_%28botany%29 \"Petiole (botany)\") long. The leaves are bluish green on one side and a lighter green on the other. The flowers are borne in groups of seven, nine or eleven in leaf [axils](/wiki/wikt:Axil \"Axil\") on a sometimes branched [peduncle](/wiki/Peduncle_%28botany%29 \"Peduncle (botany)\"), long, the individual buds on a [pedicel](/wiki/Pedicel_%28botany%29 \"Pedicel (botany)\") long. Mature buds are oval to spindle\\-shaped, long and wide with a conical to slightly beaked [operculum](/wiki/Operculum_%28botany%29 \"Operculum (botany)\"). Flowering mainly occurs from September to November and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody, hemispherical or shortened spherical [capsule](/wiki/Capsule_%28botany%29 \"Capsule (botany)\") long and wide with the valves about level with the rim.\n\n",
"Taxonomy and naming\n-------------------\n\n*Eucalyptus carnea* was first formally described by the botanist [Richard Thomas Baker](/wiki/Richard_Thomas_Baker \"Richard Thomas Baker\") in 1906 from specimens collected near the [Richmond River](/wiki/Richmond_River \"Richmond River\") by [William Baeuerlen](/wiki/William_Baeuerlen \"William Baeuerlen\"), (previously known as Wilhelm Bäuerlen). The description was published in *[Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales](/wiki/Linnean_Society_of_New_South_Wales \"Linnean Society of New South Wales\")*. The [specific epithet](/wiki/Botanical_name \"Botanical name\") (*carnea*) is a [Latin](/wiki/Latin \"Latin\") word meaning \"of flesh\", possibly referring to the colour of the [heartwood](/wiki/Wood%23Heartwood_and_sapwood \"Wood#Heartwood and sapwood\").\n\n*Eucalyptus carnea* is part of the white mahogany group as recognised by Ken Hill. Others in the group include *[E. acmenoides](/wiki/Eucalyptus_acmenoides \"Eucalyptus acmenoides\")*, *[E. mediocris](/wiki/Eucalyptus_mediocris \"Eucalyptus mediocris\")*, *[E. apothalassica](/wiki/Eucalyptus_apothalassica \"Eucalyptus apothalassica\")*, *[E. helidonica](/wiki/Eucalyptus_helidonica \"Eucalyptus helidonica\")*, *[E. latisinensis](/wiki/Eucalyptus_latisinensis \"Eucalyptus latisinensis\")*, *[E. psammitica](/wiki/Eucalyptus_psammitica \"Eucalyptus psammitica\")* and *[E. umbra](/wiki/Eucalyptus_umbra \"Eucalyptus umbra\")*.\n\n",
"Distribution and habitat\n------------------------\n\nThick\\-leaved mahogany grows in forest in shallow soil between [Gympie](/wiki/Gympie \"Gympie\") in [Queensland](/wiki/Queensland \"Queensland\") and the [Hunter River](/wiki/Hunter_River_%28New_South_Wales%29 \"Hunter River (New South Wales)\") in [New South Wales](/wiki/New_South_Wales \"New South Wales\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[carnea](/wiki/Category:Eucalyptus \"Eucalyptus\")\n[Category:Myrtales of Australia](/wiki/Category:Myrtales_of_Australia \"Myrtales of Australia\")\n[Category:Flora of New South Wales](/wiki/Category:Flora_of_New_South_Wales \"Flora of New South Wales\")\n[Category:Flora of Queensland](/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Queensland \"Flora of Queensland\")\n[Category:Trees of Australia](/wiki/Category:Trees_of_Australia \"Trees of Australia\")\n[Category:Plants described in 1906](/wiki/Category:Plants_described_in_1906 \"Plants described in 1906\")\n[Category:Taxa named by Richard Thomas Baker](/wiki/Category:Taxa_named_by_Richard_Thomas_Baker \"Taxa named by Richard Thomas Baker\")\n\n"
]
} |
Gardens in Autumn | {
"id": [
40276288
],
"name": [
"Locomotive207"
]
} | igxcgxltbnttmpi8e56e4i4lvjf1uev | 2022-11-20T02:09:56Z | 1,122,836,452 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Cast",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Gardens in Autumn*** () is a 2006 French comedy film directed by [Otar Iosseliani](/wiki/Otar_Iosseliani \"Otar Iosseliani\").\n\n",
"Cast\n----\n\n* Séverin Blanchet as Vincent, le ministre\n* Jacynthe Jacquet as Barbara, la balayeuse\n* [Otar Iosseliani](/wiki/Otar_Iosseliani \"Otar Iosseliani\") as Arnaud\n* Lily Lavina as Mathilde, la rousse\n* Denis Lambert as Gégé, le bistrotier\n* [Michel Piccoli](/wiki/Michel_Piccoli \"Michel Piccoli\") as Marie, la mère de Vincent\n* Pascal Vincent as Théodière, le deuxième ministre\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:2006 comedy films](/wiki/Category:2006_comedy_films \"2006 comedy films\")\n[Category:2006 films](/wiki/Category:2006_films \"2006 films\")\n[Category:French comedy films](/wiki/Category:French_comedy_films \"French comedy films\")\n[Category:Films directed by Otar Iosseliani](/wiki/Category:Films_directed_by_Otar_Iosseliani \"Films directed by Otar Iosseliani\")\n[Category:2000s French films](/wiki/Category:2000s_French_films \"2000s French films\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Quikwriting | {
"id": [
9676078
],
"name": [
"I dream of horses"
]
} | jypnftuapozeulgpxmwja4vun8it57v | 2022-10-02T22:02:00Z | 919,569,071 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
3
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Quikwriting** is a continuous stylus\\-based text entry system which is an alternative to [Graffiti](/wiki/Graffiti_%28Palm_OS%29 \"Graffiti (Palm OS)\"). It was developed by [Ken Perlin](/wiki/Ken_Perlin \"Ken Perlin\") at the NYU Media Research Lab and presented at the [ACM UIST](/wiki/ACM_UIST \"ACM UIST\") '98 conference.\n\nPerlin described the technique as quicker than Graffiti however the learning curve was steeper with at most people taking an hour to become moderately effective.\n\nThe technique works by keeping the stylus continuously on the screen. A method of using the system involves thinking of screen in terms of a flower with eight petals and a [stamen](/wiki/Stamen \"Stamen\"). Eight characters or punctuation are allocated to each petal and the stylus is moved from petal to petal via the stamen or directly to form words. Eventually a user *learns* the shape for particular words and the process becomes quicker.\n\nQuikwriting was reported by the Economist to have gain a small following on [Palm](/wiki/Palm_%28PDA%29 \"Palm (PDA)\") PDAs and that by 2005 Microsoft had licensed the Quikwriting and were using it as part of the *XNav* project.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n### External links\n\n[Category:Pointing\\-device text input](/wiki/Category:Pointing-device_text_input \"Pointing-device text input\")\n\n",
"### External links\n\n[Category:Pointing\\-device text input](/wiki/Category:Pointing-device_text_input \"Pointing-device text input\")\n\n"
]
} |
Miquel d'Esplugues | {
"id": [
43793868
],
"name": [
"MsWalders"
]
} | fq3gnjgewbmt65zr6x2bfomax6k6fa0 | 2023-05-31T13:01:32Z | 1,064,989,078 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Works",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Miquel d'Esplugues** ([Esplugues de Llobregat](/wiki/Esplugues_de_Llobregat \"Esplugues de Llobregat\"), [Baix Llobregat](/wiki/Baix_Llobregat \"Baix Llobregat\"), 1870 – [Barcelona](/wiki/Barcelona \"Barcelona\"), 1934\\) was the [religious name](/wiki/Religious_name \"Religious name\") of the [Catalan](/wiki/Catalan_people \"Catalan people\") writer and [Capuchin](/wiki/Order_of_Friars_Minor_Capuchin \"Order of Friars Minor Capuchin\") [friar](/wiki/Friar \"Friar\") **Pere Campreciós i Bosch**.\n\nHe became orphan from father when he was six years\\-old. He studied [Humanities](/wiki/Humanities \"Humanities\") in the Seminary of Barcelona and in 1887 he became [Capuchin](/wiki/Order_of_Friars_Minor_Capuchin \"Order of Friars Minor Capuchin\"). He was teacher of philosophy in (1892\\) and of theology in (1898\\), and he became a priest in 1893\\. As responsible and vicar *in capite* of the Capuchin Navarrese\\-Catalan province, in 1900 he achieved the restoration of the ancient Catalan province and he was appointed provincial governor (1905–1915 and 1918–1921\\).\n\nIn 1907 he founded and managed the review *[Estudios Franciscanos](/wiki/Estudios_Franciscanos \"Estudios Franciscanos\")* and in 1925 the first Catalan review about philosophy *[Criterion](/wiki/Criterion_%28journal%29 \"Criterion (journal)\")*.\n\nHe had an important influence over the Catalan [Regionalist League](/wiki/Regionalist_League \"Regionalist League\") people and he was a close friend of [Francesc Cambó](/wiki/Francesc_Camb%C3%B3 \"Francesc Cambó\"). He organized also the *Catalan Biblical Foundation* and he was the president.\n\n",
"Works\n-----\n\n* *Nostra Senyora de la Mercè. Estudi de psicologia ètnico\\-religiosa de Catalunya* (1916\\). \n* *Sant Francesc de Sales, esperit i màximes* (1906\\). \n* Four volumes of comments about the [Lord's Prayer](/wiki/Lord%27s_Prayer \"Lord's Prayer\") (1920–1923\\). \n* Three volumes of *Religious Philosophy Miscellany* (1924–1927\\). The third one of them has the title of *La vera efígie del Poverello* (The *Poverello'''s real face), and is about [Francis of Assisi](/wiki/Francis_of_Assisi \"Francis of Assisi\"). *\n* El missatge d'Israel: Israel, Jesús, Sant Pau *(1934\\). *\n\nBibliography\n------------\n\n A. Botti, * La Spagna e la crisi modernista. Cultura, società civile e religiosa tra Otto e Novecento'', Morcelliana, Brescia, 1987, pp. 141–148\\. \n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1870 births](/wiki/Category:1870_births \"1870 births\")\n[Category:Spanish non\\-fiction writers](/wiki/Category:Spanish_non-fiction_writers \"Spanish non-fiction writers\")\n[Category:Writers from Catalonia](/wiki/Category:Writers_from_Catalonia \"Writers from Catalonia\")\n[Category:Sarrià Capuchins](/wiki/Category:Sarri%C3%A0_Capuchins \"Sarrià Capuchins\")\n[Category:1934 deaths](/wiki/Category:1934_deaths \"1934 deaths\")\n\n"
]
} |
Amélie Mirkowitch | {
"id": [
46998060
],
"name": [
"Atubofsilverware"
]
} | 8aq9v432hppcnqdrwxzcmt6zdin1ruw | 2024-10-02T16:43:54Z | 1,156,939,099 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Amélie Mirkowitch** (born 23 June 1942\\) is a French former [swimmer](/wiki/Swimming_%28sport%29 \"Swimming (sport)\"). She competed in the [women's 200 metre breaststroke](/wiki/Swimming_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metre_breaststroke \"Swimming at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metre breaststroke\") at the [1960 Summer Olympics](/wiki/1960_Summer_Olympics \"1960 Summer Olympics\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1942 births](/wiki/Category:1942_births \"1942 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Olympic swimmers for France](/wiki/Category:Olympic_swimmers_for_France \"Olympic swimmers for France\")\n[Category:Swimmers at the 1960 Summer Olympics](/wiki/Category:Swimmers_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics \"Swimmers at the 1960 Summer Olympics\")\n[Category:Sportspeople from Meurthe\\-et\\-Moselle](/wiki/Category:Sportspeople_from_Meurthe-et-Moselle \"Sportspeople from Meurthe-et-Moselle\")\n[Category:French female breaststroke swimmers](/wiki/Category:French_female_breaststroke_swimmers \"French female breaststroke swimmers\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Glued, Where's My Bob? | {
"id": [
44243336
],
"name": [
"Metc1537"
]
} | jpxjkit8grhamfihpf3829orkjestca | 2024-07-11T00:41:32Z | 1,217,368,097 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Plot",
"Production",
"Reception",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"* + - * + - * + \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"**Glued, Where's My Bob?**\" is the 19th episode of [sixth season](/wiki/Bob%27s_Burgers_season_6 \"Bob's Burgers season 6\") of the American [animated](/wiki/Animated_cartoon \"Animated cartoon\") [comedy series](/wiki/Television_comedy \"Television comedy\") *[Bob's Burgers](/wiki/Bob%27s_Burgers \"Bob's Burgers\")*. Written by Steven Davis and Kelvin Yu, the episode features guest appearances from actors [Rob Huebel](/wiki/Rob_Huebel \"Rob Huebel\"), [Kumail Nanjiani](/wiki/Kumail_Nanjiani \"Kumail Nanjiani\"), and [Keegan\\-Michael Key](/wiki/Keegan-Michael_Key \"Keegan-Michael Key\"), as well as appearances by recurring guest stars [Pamela Adlon](/wiki/Pamela_Adlon \"Pamela Adlon\"), [Ken Jeong](/wiki/Ken_Jeong \"Ken Jeong\"), [Tim Meadows](/wiki/Tim_Meadows \"Tim Meadows\"), and [Jenny Slate](/wiki/Jenny_Slate \"Jenny Slate\"). Its main plot sees [Gene Belcher](/wiki/List_of_Bob%27s_Burgers_characters%23Gene_Belcher \"List of Bob's Burgers characters#Gene Belcher\") ([Eugene Mirman](/wiki/Eugene_Mirman \"Eugene Mirman\")), [Louise Belcher](/wiki/List_of_Bob%27s_Burgers_characters%23Louise_Belcher \"List of Bob's Burgers characters#Louise Belcher\") ([Kristen Schaal](/wiki/Kristen_Schaal \"Kristen Schaal\")), and [Tina](/wiki/List_of_Bob%27s_Burgers_characters%23Tina_Belcher \"List of Bob's Burgers characters#Tina Belcher\") ([Dan Mintz](/wiki/Dan_Mintz \"Dan Mintz\")) getting into a prank war which causes Bob to end up in a sticky situation, where he learns that a journalist is coming to the restaurant to do a story on it, and the whole town ends up getting involved.\n\nAlthough the episode was the 107th in airing order, \"Glued, Where's My Bob?\" was the 100th in production order; since 100 episodes is a [milestone](/wiki/100_episodes \"100 episodes\") for any television series, Fox promoted the episode as the series' 100th. Creator [Loren Bouchard](/wiki/Loren_Bouchard \"Loren Bouchard\") didn't want to make the episode anything too special, or rather different. Instead, he and the show's creative team decided they wanted to make what seemed like a \"quintessential\" episode. The episode originally aired on May 22, 2016 on [Fox](/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company \"Fox Broadcasting Company\"), drawing an audience of 2\\.04 million viewers, and was met with critical acclaim from both critics and fans, who have praised it for its plot, character development, and the overall quality of the show's success. Due to the high praise that the episode received, this episode was submitted for, and received, two nominations at the [44th Annie Awards](/wiki/44th_Annie_Awards \"44th Annie Awards\") for [Best General Audience Animated TV/Broadcast Production](/wiki/Annie_Award_for_Best_Animated_Television_Production \"Annie Award for Best Animated Television Production\") and Outstanding Achievement, Music in an Animated TV/Broadcast Production.\n\n",
"Plot\n----\n\nThe kids are in the middle of a prank war where they \"goop\" each other by covering various things with items such as grape jelly, [hummus](/wiki/Hummus \"Hummus\"), and toothpaste. While this is going on Bob gets a call from Skip Marooch, the celebrity chef who Bob nearly defeated in a [burger making competition](/wiki/Best_Burger \"Best Burger\"), who tells him that a local food magazine titled \"Coasters\" is coming over to interview him for their \"hidden gems\" segment as a favor to Skip, a fan of Bob's cooking. Bob is to be featured on the front page.\n\nUnfortunately, Bob falls victim to the biggest prank in the goop war when he sits in something Louise spread on the toilet intending to get Gene. Further complicating matters is the revelation that the \"goop\" Louise used is a highly concentrated adhesive concocted by Teddy that he calls his \"sticky spackle\" and is stronger than [superglue](/wiki/Superglue \"Superglue\").\n\nOnce word gets out of Bob's predicament, the whole town and the local news team descend on Bob's Burgers to try to get a view of him. Teddy is called upon to free Bob, only to further embarrass Bob when he breaks down the bathroom door and exposes him to the crowd. After a curtain is hung over the door, Teddy goes to work applying nail polish remover to the adhesive, while Louise repeatedly claims zero responsibility for her role in what happened.\n\nOnce it becomes clear that Teddy is unable to get Bob free, Louise places a call to Dr. Yap. Since his job as a dentist involves heavy use of adhesives and solvents, he tells a skeptical Bob that he is the best person for the job at that exact moment. Yap decides the best way to free Bob, given their limited resources and time, is to inject Novocain into his butt and pull him off the toilet with a rope. Unfortunately, it does not work and Bob remains stuck.\n\nShortly thereafter, the crew from Coasters shows up and, seeing Bob's predicament, decide that they will not be featuring him or the restaurant in the article as they do not believe him to be interesting enough. Bob, having been struggling to maintain his composure throughout, finally snaps and says that the whole situation is a perfect reflection of the daily grind at Bob's Burgers and kicks the two men out of the restaurant.\n\nAs they are leaving, Louise stops the crew members and tells them off. In the process she finally admits she is the one to blame for what happened to Bob, and Teddy leads the restaurant in a chant of \"Toilet Bob\" in support of him. Bob is finally able to free himself from the toilet and stand up (albeit briefly), which results in cheers from the gathered crowd.\n\nOne month later, Bob receives a copy of Coasters from Mike the mailman and discovers that he was featured in the magazine after all. The writers praised Bob for the way he ran his business and how it seemed to fit into the town's way of life. Despite the fact that a picture of him stuck to the toilet was published as part of the piece, the article encourages people to stop in and ask to hear the story for themselves and wishes the restaurant well. While Bob is not too pleased about having the toilet incident published, he is happy that Coasters put out a positive piece on Bob's Burgers and even happier that the article appears to have given the restaurant some much needed publicity and customers.\n\n",
"Production\n----------\n\n[thumb\\|200px\\|right\\|Series creator [Loren Bouchard](/wiki/Loren_Bouchard \"Loren Bouchard\") did not want to make the 100th episode a big clichéd special like many series' do.](/wiki/File:Loren_Bouchard_by_Gage_Skidmore_2.jpg \"Loren Bouchard by Gage Skidmore 2.jpg\")\n\"Glued, Where's My Bob?\" was written by Steven Davis and Kelvin Yu and directed by Bernard Derriman. Upon hearing the writers' pitch of the episode, series creator [Loren Bouchard](/wiki/Loren_Bouchard \"Loren Bouchard\") found its plot to be \"such an immediately appealing story\" and \"a great way to have Louise peek over the other side of adolescence and look into the abyss\". In an interview with *[TV Insider](/wiki/TV_Insider \"TV Insider\")*, Bouchard came up with the idea of having the episode to be centered around Bob by explaining of \"We have this ensemble cast, and we always try to vary the episodes so that, to an extent, an episode might focus on one character's journey or the relationship between two characters, like Linda and Louise in \"Mother Daughter Laser Razor\"—or Bob and Gene in the one where he goes and returns a remote control helicopter. We try to spread those out so that over the course of a season or even a half a season, you feel like you've gotten roughly equal time with all the characters. Generally speaking, when you get to a Bob\\-centric episode, it should feel like just about time that you'd just be wanting it, like we haven't had one in a little while. Same for all the other characters.\"\n\nProduction of the episode began sometime in 2015, as it was revealed in [San Diego Comic\\-Con](/wiki/San_Diego_Comic-Con \"San Diego Comic-Con\"). Cast member [Kristen Schaal](/wiki/Kristen_Schaal \"Kristen Schaal\") explained the plot of the episode by saying, \"Someone gets stuck to a toilet.\"\n\n",
"Reception\n---------\n\n\"Glued, Where's My Bob?\" received universal acclaim by both critics and audiences. The episode was watched by 2\\.04 million viewers and received a 0\\.9/3 [Nielsen rating](/wiki/Nielsen_ratings \"Nielsen ratings\") in the 18–49 demographic, becoming the fourth most\\-watched program of the Fox Sunday block for the night. Alasdair Wilkins of *[The A.V. Club](/wiki/The_A.V._Club \"The A.V. Club\")* graded the episode an A, writing, \"It’s the kind of episode that could easily work as a series ender \\[...] as the story uses Bob’s escalating predicament as an excuse to bring back as many townspeople as it can cram into the restaurant for the big climactic moment.\" Molly Freeman of *Screenrant* praised the episode and overall the sixth season, by saying, \"All in all, ‘Glued, Where’s My Bob?’ is an excellent cap to a season of Bob's Burgers as well as its milestone 100th episode (though, that's according to production codes, while it's the 107th episode to have aired). Altogether season 6 of Bob's Burgers maintained the balance of comedy and heart that has made the series so popular among fans.\"\n\nRay Richmond of *[TheWrap](/wiki/TheWrap \"TheWrap\")* praised the episode and overall the quality of the show after its milestone by writing, \"*Bob’s Burgers* has already exceeded the runs of quite a few classic TV programs. *[The Larry Sanders Show](/wiki/The_Larry_Sanders_Show \"The Larry Sanders Show\")* made it to only 89 episodes, *[The Sopranos](/wiki/The_Sopranos \"The Sopranos\")* to 86, *[Downton Abbey](/wiki/Downton_Abbey \"Downton Abbey\")* to just 51\\. So in that sense, it has more than earned its keep. Just don't compare it to *[The Simpsons](/wiki/The_Simpsons \"The Simpsons\")* in either its content or longevity.\"\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [\"Glued, Where's My Bob?\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20140606230442/http://www.fox.com/bobsburgers/recaps/season-6/episode-19/) at [Fox](/wiki/Fox_%28channel%29 \"Fox (channel)\")\n[Category:2016 American television episodes](/wiki/Category:2016_American_television_episodes \"2016 American television episodes\")\n[Category:Bob's Burgers season 6 episodes](/wiki/Category:Bob%27s_Burgers_season_6_episodes \"Bob's Burgers season 6 episodes\")\n\n"
]
} |
Vancouver Japanese Language School | {
"id": [
9784415
],
"name": [
"Tom.Reding"
]
} | hfbfi3vi6t2944gkfmc0ioqk2r7rlj7 | 2021-04-14T11:04:58Z | 957,228,266 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n is a language school located in [Japantown](/wiki/Japantown%2C_Vancouver \"Japantown, Vancouver\"), [Vancouver](/wiki/Vancouver \"Vancouver\"), BC. Founded in 1906 as , it is the oldest Japanese language school in Canada.\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nThe school opened on January 12, 1906 as the Japanese Citizens' School, its construction having been funded by Japanese diplomat [Marquis Komura Jutarō](/wiki/Komura_Jutar%C5%8D \"Komura Jutarō\"). It taught general subjects to Japanese\\-Canadians in the area as a full\\-time Japanese school following the Japanese curriculum. General subjects were dropped in 1919 in favour of teaching Japanese\\-Canadians both English and Japanese, and the school was renamed the Japanese Language School.Francis Motohisa Niiro, [Vancouver Japanese Language School and Japanese Hall](https://web.archive.org/web/20161104005335/http://centre.nikkeiplace.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/Volume11-Number01.pdf), Nikkei Images, Spring 2006, Vol. 11(1\\), p.7\\-8\n\nAfter the [Pacific War](/wiki/Pacific_War \"Pacific War\") broke out on December 7, 1941, the school was forced to close, and Japanese\\-Canadians were relocated the following year as part of [Japanese\\-Canadian internment](/wiki/Japanese-Canadian_internment \"Japanese-Canadian internment\"). The school was not re\\-opened until 1952, when it was temporarily housed at Vancouver Buddhist Church before returning to the VJLS building in 1953\\.\n\nThe existing building located on 475 Alexander Street in Vancouver is designated as a [heritage building](/wiki/List_of_heritage_buildings_in_Vancouver \"List of heritage buildings in Vancouver\") by the City of Vancouver as a symbol of Japanese\\-Canadian community and the internment.[Vancouver Heritage Register](http://vancouver.ca/files/cov/V001-vancouver-heritage-register.pdf), City of Vancouver The building was named a [National Historic Site](/wiki/National_Historic_Sites_of_Canada \"National Historic Sites of Canada\") on June 20, 2019, for its role as the oldest and largest Japanese language school in the country, but also because it is a rare documented case of property returned to Japanese\\-Canadians following the period of internment.[Canada Announces New National Historic Designations](https://www.canada.ca/en/parks-canada/news/2019/06/canada-announces-new-national-historic-designations.html), Parks Canada news release, June 20, 2019\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Vancouver Japanese Language School and Japanese Hall](https://vjls-jh.com/)\n\n[Category:Educational institutions established in 1906](/wiki/Category:Educational_institutions_established_in_1906 \"Educational institutions established in 1906\")\n[Category:1906 establishments in British Columbia](/wiki/Category:1906_establishments_in_British_Columbia \"1906 establishments in British Columbia\")\n[Category:Japanese\\-Canadian culture](/wiki/Category:Japanese-Canadian_culture \"Japanese-Canadian culture\")\n[Category:Organizations based in Vancouver](/wiki/Category:Organizations_based_in_Vancouver \"Organizations based in Vancouver\")\n[Category:Heritage buildings in Vancouver](/wiki/Category:Heritage_buildings_in_Vancouver \"Heritage buildings in Vancouver\")\n\n"
]
} |
Apollonius (dioiketes) | {
"id": [
6049829
],
"name": [
"Asmith44"
]
} | gis87orn8br4fq2ah2j5zf3a90yyvpq | 2024-09-01T12:29:16Z | 1,145,373,101 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"''The Zenon Papyri''",
"References",
"Sources",
"Further reading",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
2,
2
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"content": [
"\n\n**Apollonius** (or **Apollonios**, ; 3rd century BC) was the *[dioiketes](/wiki/Dioiketes \"Dioiketes\")* or chief finance minister of [Egypt](/wiki/Ancient_Egypt \"Ancient Egypt\") during the reign of [Ptolemy II Philadelphus](/wiki/Ptolemy_II_Philadelphus \"Ptolemy II Philadelphus\") (r. 283–246 B.C.). Little is known about his personal life; in ancient documents, he is called simply \"Apollonius the *dioiketes*\" without recording his home city or his [father's name](/wiki/Patronymic \"Patronymic\").OGIS 53 (Greek inscription) \\- [English translation](http://attalus.org/docs/ogis/s53.html). But a great amount of information has survived about his public role, in the archive of [papyri](/wiki/Papyrus \"Papyrus\") kept by his assistant [Zenon](/wiki/Zeno_of_Caunus \"Zeno of Caunus\").\n\nApollonius was *dioiketes* from about 262 to 245 B.C. As well as his official role, he was an important merchant and land\\-owner. He owned estates both abroad in [Galilee](/wiki/Galilee \"Galilee\") and in [Philadelphia in Egypt](/wiki/Philadelphia_in_Egypt \"Philadelphia in Egypt\").Günther Hölbl, *History of the Ptolemaic Empire* (Routledge, 2001\\), pp. 58\\-59\\. In 252 B.C. he accompanied [Berenice](/wiki/Berenice_%28Seleucid_queen%29 \"Berenice (Seleucid queen)\"), the daughter of Ptolemy, as far as [Sidon](/wiki/Sidon \"Sidon\") before her marriage to the [Seleucid](/wiki/Seleucid \"Seleucid\") king [Antiochus II](/wiki/Antiochus_II_Theos \"Antiochus II Theos\").Günther Hölbl, *History of the Ptolemaic Empire* (Routledge, 2001\\), p. 44\\. Although the extent of his influence over the king's policies has been disputed, *[Cambridge Ancient History](/wiki/Cambridge_Ancient_History \"Cambridge Ancient History\")*, vol. 7\\.1, pp. 143\\-4\\. it was during his term of office that the economic and administrative system of the [Ptolemaic Kingdom](/wiki/Ptolemaic_Kingdom \"Ptolemaic Kingdom\") was fully developed, which made the kingdom by far the most prosperous of the [Hellenistic](/wiki/Hellenistic_period \"Hellenistic period\") states.Günther Hölbl, *History of the Ptolemaic Empire* (Routledge, 2001\\), p. 63\\.\n\nAs *dioiketes* he was succeeded by [Sosibius](/wiki/Sosibius \"Sosibius\").\n\n",
"*The Zenon Papyri*\n------------------\n\n[thumb\\|Fragment of a papyrus letter discussing tax issues from the *Zenon Archive* ([National Archaeological Museum, Athens](/wiki/National_Archaeological_Museum%2C_Athens \"National Archaeological Museum, Athens\"))](/wiki/File:Papyrus_in_Greek_regarding_tax_issues_%283rd_ca._BC.%29_%283210586934%29.jpg \"Papyrus in Greek regarding tax issues (3rd ca. BC.) (3210586934).jpg\")\n\nApollonius's work for Ptolemy II Philadelphus was recorded in considerable detail by his private secretary, [Zeno](/wiki/Zenon_of_Kaunos \"Zenon of Kaunos\") (or Zenon, ). \nIn the course of his duties, Zeno made copious written records of various legal and financial transactions between citizens, as well as detailed descriptions of the construction of theatres, gymnasiums, palaces and baths of the new town of Philadelphia on the edge of [Faiyum](/wiki/Faiyum \"Faiyum\"). The documents were stored in an archive and lay forgotten for over 2100 years.\n\nDuring the winter of 1914\\-1915, a cache of over 2,000 [papyrus](/wiki/Papyrus \"Papyrus\") documents was uncovered by Egyptian agricultural labourers who were digging for [sebakh](/wiki/Sebakh \"Sebakh\") near [Kôm el\\-Kharaba el\\-Kebir](/wiki/K%C3%B4m_el-Kharaba_el-Kebir \"Kôm el-Kharaba el-Kebir\"). Upon examination by [Egyptology](/wiki/Egyptology \"Egyptology\") scholars, these documents were found to be records written by Zeno in [Greek](/wiki/Ancient_Greek \"Ancient Greek\") and [Demotic](/wiki/Demotic_%28Egyptian%29 \"Demotic (Egyptian)\"). These papyri, now referred to as the *Zenon Archive* or the *Zenon Papyri*, have provided historians with a detailed record of Apollonius's role and of 3rd\\-century BC Philadelphia society and economy.[About the Zenon Papyri](https://www.lib.umich.edu/reading/Zenon/about.html) \\- University of Michigan. The papyri, now referred to as the *Zenon Archive* or the *Zenon Papyri*,[About the Zenon Papyri](https://www.lib.umich.edu/reading/Zenon/about.html) \\- University of Michigan. were translated into English by the British [papyrologists](/wiki/Papyrologist \"Papyrologist\") [Campbell Cowan Edgar](/wiki/Campbell_Cowan_Edgar \"Campbell Cowan Edgar\") and [Arthur Surridge Hunt](/wiki/Arthur_Surridge_Hunt \"Arthur Surridge Hunt\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n### Sources\n\n",
"### Sources\n\n",
"Further reading\n---------------\n\n* Dorothy J. Thompson, *Economic Reforms in the Mid\\-Reign of Ptolemy Philadelphus*, in P.McKechnie \\& Ph.Guillaume, *Ptolemy II Philadelphus and His World*, (Leiden: Brill, 2008\\) \n* Michael Rostovtzeff, *A large estate in Egypt in the third century B.C.: a study in economic history*, (Madison, 1922\\) \\- at [archive.org](https://archive.org/details/cu31924013858661)\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Introduction to the Zenon Papyri](http://www.lib.umich.edu/reading/Zenon/) by University of Michigan\n\n[Category:3rd\\-century BC Egyptian people](/wiki/Category:3rd-century_BC_Egyptian_people \"3rd-century BC Egyptian people\")\n[Category:Ptolemaic officials](/wiki/Category:Ptolemaic_officials \"Ptolemaic officials\")\n[Category:3rd\\-century BC Greek people](/wiki/Category:3rd-century_BC_Greek_people \"3rd-century BC Greek people\")\n\n"
]
} |
Aculops lycopersici | {
"id": [
7903804
],
"name": [
"Citation bot"
]
} | soiu0618gi84vs7qv3gwikklr34eqws | 2023-11-30T18:41:04Z | 1,177,923,694 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Aculops lycopersici***, also known as the **tomato russet mite**, is a species of [mite](/wiki/Mite \"Mite\") that belongs to the family [Eriophyidae](/wiki/Eriophyidae \"Eriophyidae\").\n\n*Aculops lycopersici* is an important pest of [tomato](/wiki/Tomato \"Tomato\") plants. It was first described by A. M. Massee in 1937 in [Australia](/wiki/Australia \"Australia\"), but is now common around the world.\n\nIts [genome](/wiki/Genome \"Genome\") has been sequenced and is only 32\\.5 Mb.\n\nFile:20230811 Aculops lycopersici Micro 08 DM scale.jpg \nFile:20230811 Aculops lycopersici Micro 09 DM scale.jpg\nFile:20230811 Aculops lycopersici 02 D.jpg\nFile:20230811 Aculops lycopersici 08 D.jpg\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Eriophyidae](/wiki/Category:Eriophyidae \"Eriophyidae\")\n[Category:Animals described in 1937](/wiki/Category:Animals_described_in_1937 \"Animals described in 1937\")\n[Category:Agricultural pest mites](/wiki/Category:Agricultural_pest_mites \"Agricultural pest mites\")\n\n"
]
} |
5th Minnesota Territorial Legislature | {
"id": [
41865877
],
"name": [
"Ffffrr"
]
} | tpa27gel5v4bi5xd8edf4o6a3dkl96f | 2023-06-02T18:44:00Z | 1,059,165,315 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Sessions",
"Party summary",
"Council",
"House of Representatives",
"Leadership",
"Members",
"Council",
"House of Representatives",
"Notes",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
3,
2,
2,
3,
3,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **fifth [Minnesota Territorial Legislature](/wiki/Minnesota_Territorial_Legislature \"Minnesota Territorial Legislature\")** first convened on January 4, 1854\\. The 9 members of the Minnesota Territorial Council and the 18 members of the Minnesota House of Representatives were elected during the General Election of October 12, 1853\\.\n\n",
"Sessions\n--------\n\nThe territorial legislature met in a **regular session** from January 4, 1854 to March 4, 1854\\. There were no special sessions of the fifth territorial legislature.\n\n",
"Party summary\n-------------\n\n### Council\n\n| | Party (Shading indicates majority caucus) | | Total | Vacant |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| | |\n| [Democratic](/wiki/Minnesota_Democratic_Party \"Minnesota Democratic Party\") | [Whig](/wiki/Whig_Party_%28United_States%29 \"Whig Party (United States)\") |\n| End of [previous Legislature](/wiki/4th_Minnesota_Territorial_Legislature \"4th Minnesota Territorial Legislature\") | 7 | 2 | 9 | 0 |\n| | | | | |\n| Begin | 9 | 0 | 9 | 0 |\n| Latest voting share | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| Beginning of the [next Legislature](/wiki/6th_Minnesota_Territorial_Legislature \"6th Minnesota Territorial Legislature\") | 9 | 0 | 9 | 0 |\n\n### House of Representatives\n\n| | Party (Shading indicates majority caucus) | | | | Total | Vacant |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| | | | |\n| [Democratic](/wiki/Minnesota_Democratic_Party \"Minnesota Democratic Party\") | [Republican](/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Minnesota \"Republican Party of Minnesota\") | [Whig](/wiki/Whig_Party_%28United_States%29 \"Whig Party (United States)\") | Unknown |\n| End of [previous Legislature](/wiki/4th_Minnesota_Territorial_Legislature \"4th Minnesota Territorial Legislature\") | 13 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 18 | 0 |\n| | | | | | | |\n| Begin | 13 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 18 | 0 |\n| Latest voting share | | | | | | |\n| | | | | | | |\n| Beginning of the [next Legislature](/wiki/6th_Minnesota_Territorial_Legislature \"6th Minnesota Territorial Legislature\") | 13 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 18 | 0 |\n\n",
"### Council\n\n| | Party (Shading indicates majority caucus) | | Total | Vacant |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| | |\n| [Democratic](/wiki/Minnesota_Democratic_Party \"Minnesota Democratic Party\") | [Whig](/wiki/Whig_Party_%28United_States%29 \"Whig Party (United States)\") |\n| End of [previous Legislature](/wiki/4th_Minnesota_Territorial_Legislature \"4th Minnesota Territorial Legislature\") | 7 | 2 | 9 | 0 |\n| | | | | |\n| Begin | 9 | 0 | 9 | 0 |\n| Latest voting share | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| Beginning of the [next Legislature](/wiki/6th_Minnesota_Territorial_Legislature \"6th Minnesota Territorial Legislature\") | 9 | 0 | 9 | 0 |\n\n",
"### House of Representatives\n\n| | Party (Shading indicates majority caucus) | | | | Total | Vacant |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| | | | |\n| [Democratic](/wiki/Minnesota_Democratic_Party \"Minnesota Democratic Party\") | [Republican](/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Minnesota \"Republican Party of Minnesota\") | [Whig](/wiki/Whig_Party_%28United_States%29 \"Whig Party (United States)\") | Unknown |\n| End of [previous Legislature](/wiki/4th_Minnesota_Territorial_Legislature \"4th Minnesota Territorial Legislature\") | 13 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 18 | 0 |\n| | | | | | | |\n| Begin | 13 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 18 | 0 |\n| Latest voting share | | | | | | |\n| | | | | | | |\n| Beginning of the [next Legislature](/wiki/6th_Minnesota_Territorial_Legislature \"6th Minnesota Territorial Legislature\") | 13 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 18 | 0 |\n\n",
"Leadership\n----------\n\nPresident of the Council\n[Samuel Baldwin Olmstead](/wiki/Samuel_Baldwin_Olmstead \"Samuel Baldwin Olmstead\") (D\\-Belle Prairie)\nSpeaker of the House\n[Nathan C. D. Taylor](/wiki/Nathan_C._D._Taylor \"Nathan C. D. Taylor\") (D\\-Taylors Falls)\n",
"Members\n-------\n\n### Council\n\n| Name | District | City | Party |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n\n [Brown, Joseph Renshaw](/wiki/Joseph_R._Brown \"Joseph R. Brown\") |\n 06 |\n [Henderson](/wiki/Henderson%2C_Minnesota \"Henderson, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Freeborn, William](/wiki/William_Freeborn \"William Freeborn\") |\n 04 |\n [Red Wing](/wiki/Red_Wing%2C_Minnesota \"Red Wing, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Kittson, Norman Wolfred](/wiki/Norman_Kittson \"Norman Kittson\") |\n 07 |\n [Pembina](/wiki/Pembina%2C_North_Dakota \"Pembina, North Dakota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Mower, John E.](/wiki/John_Edward_Mower \"John Edward Mower\") |\n 01 |\n [Stillwater](/wiki/Stillwater%2C_Minnesota \"Stillwater, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Murray, William Pitt](/wiki/William_Pitt_Murray \"William Pitt Murray\") |\n 02 |\n [Saint Paul](/wiki/Saint_Paul%2C_Minnesota \"Saint Paul, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Olmstead, Samuel Baldwin](/wiki/Samuel_Baldwin_Olmstead \"Samuel Baldwin Olmstead\") |\n 05 |\n [Belle Prairie](/wiki/Belle_Prairie%2C_Minnesota \"Belle Prairie, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Stearns, Charles Thomas](/wiki/Charles_Thomas_Stearns \"Charles Thomas Stearns\") |\n 03 |\n [Saint Anthony](/wiki/Saint_Anthony%2C_Minnesota \"Saint Anthony, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Stimson, Albert](/wiki/Albert_Stimson \"Albert Stimson\") |\n 01 |\n [Stillwater](/wiki/Stillwater%2C_Minnesota \"Stillwater, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Van Etten, Isaac](/wiki/Isaac_Van_Etten \"Isaac Van Etten\") |\n 02 |\n [Saint Paul](/wiki/Saint_Paul%2C_Minnesota \"Saint Paul, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n\n### House of Representatives\n\n| Name | District | City | Party |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n\n [Bartlett, Louis](/wiki/Louis_Bartlett_%28Minnesota_politician%29 \"Louis Bartlett (Minnesota politician)\") |\n 02 |\n Unknown |\n Democratic |\n [Davis, William A.](/wiki/William_A._Davis \"William A. Davis\") |\n 02 |\n [Belle Plaine](/wiki/Belle_Plaine%2C_Minnesota \"Belle Plaine, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Day, John H.](/wiki/John_H._Day_%28politician%29 \"John H. Day (politician)\") |\n 02 |\n Unknown |\n Whig |\n [Fisher, John](/wiki/John_Fisher_%28Minnesota_politician%29 \"John Fisher (Minnesota politician)\") |\n 01 |\n [Stillwater](/wiki/Stillwater%2C_Minnesota \"Stillwater, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Fletcher, Hezekiah](/wiki/Hezekiah_Fletcher \"Hezekiah Fletcher\") |\n 06 |\n Unknown |\n Democratic |\n [Gardner, Cephas](/wiki/Cephas_Gardner \"Cephas Gardner\") |\n 03 |\n [Saint Anthony](/wiki/Saint_Anthony%2C_Minnesota \"Saint Anthony, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Lord, Orville M.](/wiki/Orville_M._Lord \"Orville M. Lord\") |\n 04 |\n [Minnesota City](/wiki/Minnesota_City%2C_Minnesota \"Minnesota City, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [McKusick, William](/wiki/William_McKusick \"William McKusick\") |\n 01 |\n [Stillwater](/wiki/Stillwater%2C_Minnesota \"Stillwater, Minnesota\") |\n Whig |\n [Morrison, Donald G.](/wiki/Donald_G._Morrison \"Donald G. Morrison\") |\n 07 |\n Unknown |\n Democratic |\n [Nobles, William H.](/wiki/William_H._Nobles \"William H. Nobles\") |\n 06 |\n [Saint Paul](/wiki/Saint_Paul%2C_Minnesota \"Saint Paul, Minnesota\") |\n Whig |\n [Noot, William](/wiki/William_Noot \"William Noot\") |\n 02 |\n [Saint Paul](/wiki/Saint_Paul%2C_Minnesota \"Saint Paul, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Plummer, Henry S.](/wiki/Henry_S._Plummer \"Henry S. Plummer\") |\n 03 |\n [Saint Anthony](/wiki/Saint_Anthony%2C_Minnesota \"Saint Anthony, Minnesota\") |\n Whig |\n [Richardson, Reuben M.](/wiki/Reuben_M._Richardson \"Reuben M. Richardson\") |\n 05 |\n [Sauk Rapids](/wiki/Sauk_Rapids%2C_Minnesota \"Sauk Rapids, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Rolette, Joseph](/wiki/Joe_Rolette \"Joe Rolette\") |\n 07 |\n [Pembina](/wiki/Pembina_Township%2C_Mahnomen_County%2C_Minnesota \"Pembina Township, Mahnomen County, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Roy, Peter](/wiki/Peter_Roy \"Peter Roy\") |\n 05 |\n [Belle Plaine](/wiki/Belle_Plaine%2C_Minnesota \"Belle Plaine, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Sloan, Levi](/wiki/Levi_Sloan \"Levi Sloan\") |\n 02 |\n [Saint Paul](/wiki/Saint_Paul%2C_Minnesota \"Saint Paul, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Taylor, Nathan C. D.](/wiki/Nathan_C._D._Taylor \"Nathan C. D. Taylor\") |\n 01 |\n [Taylors Falls](/wiki/Taylors_Falls%2C_Minnesota \"Taylors Falls, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Watson, Robert](/wiki/Robert_Watson_%28Minnesota_politician%29 \"Robert Watson (Minnesota politician)\") |\n 01 |\n [Cottage Grove](/wiki/Cottage_Grove%2C_Minnesota \"Cottage Grove, Minnesota\") |\n Whig |\n",
"### Council\n\n| Name | District | City | Party |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n\n [Brown, Joseph Renshaw](/wiki/Joseph_R._Brown \"Joseph R. Brown\") |\n 06 |\n [Henderson](/wiki/Henderson%2C_Minnesota \"Henderson, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Freeborn, William](/wiki/William_Freeborn \"William Freeborn\") |\n 04 |\n [Red Wing](/wiki/Red_Wing%2C_Minnesota \"Red Wing, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Kittson, Norman Wolfred](/wiki/Norman_Kittson \"Norman Kittson\") |\n 07 |\n [Pembina](/wiki/Pembina%2C_North_Dakota \"Pembina, North Dakota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Mower, John E.](/wiki/John_Edward_Mower \"John Edward Mower\") |\n 01 |\n [Stillwater](/wiki/Stillwater%2C_Minnesota \"Stillwater, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Murray, William Pitt](/wiki/William_Pitt_Murray \"William Pitt Murray\") |\n 02 |\n [Saint Paul](/wiki/Saint_Paul%2C_Minnesota \"Saint Paul, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Olmstead, Samuel Baldwin](/wiki/Samuel_Baldwin_Olmstead \"Samuel Baldwin Olmstead\") |\n 05 |\n [Belle Prairie](/wiki/Belle_Prairie%2C_Minnesota \"Belle Prairie, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Stearns, Charles Thomas](/wiki/Charles_Thomas_Stearns \"Charles Thomas Stearns\") |\n 03 |\n [Saint Anthony](/wiki/Saint_Anthony%2C_Minnesota \"Saint Anthony, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Stimson, Albert](/wiki/Albert_Stimson \"Albert Stimson\") |\n 01 |\n [Stillwater](/wiki/Stillwater%2C_Minnesota \"Stillwater, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Van Etten, Isaac](/wiki/Isaac_Van_Etten \"Isaac Van Etten\") |\n 02 |\n [Saint Paul](/wiki/Saint_Paul%2C_Minnesota \"Saint Paul, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n",
"### House of Representatives\n\n| Name | District | City | Party |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n\n [Bartlett, Louis](/wiki/Louis_Bartlett_%28Minnesota_politician%29 \"Louis Bartlett (Minnesota politician)\") |\n 02 |\n Unknown |\n Democratic |\n [Davis, William A.](/wiki/William_A._Davis \"William A. Davis\") |\n 02 |\n [Belle Plaine](/wiki/Belle_Plaine%2C_Minnesota \"Belle Plaine, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Day, John H.](/wiki/John_H._Day_%28politician%29 \"John H. Day (politician)\") |\n 02 |\n Unknown |\n Whig |\n [Fisher, John](/wiki/John_Fisher_%28Minnesota_politician%29 \"John Fisher (Minnesota politician)\") |\n 01 |\n [Stillwater](/wiki/Stillwater%2C_Minnesota \"Stillwater, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Fletcher, Hezekiah](/wiki/Hezekiah_Fletcher \"Hezekiah Fletcher\") |\n 06 |\n Unknown |\n Democratic |\n [Gardner, Cephas](/wiki/Cephas_Gardner \"Cephas Gardner\") |\n 03 |\n [Saint Anthony](/wiki/Saint_Anthony%2C_Minnesota \"Saint Anthony, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Lord, Orville M.](/wiki/Orville_M._Lord \"Orville M. Lord\") |\n 04 |\n [Minnesota City](/wiki/Minnesota_City%2C_Minnesota \"Minnesota City, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [McKusick, William](/wiki/William_McKusick \"William McKusick\") |\n 01 |\n [Stillwater](/wiki/Stillwater%2C_Minnesota \"Stillwater, Minnesota\") |\n Whig |\n [Morrison, Donald G.](/wiki/Donald_G._Morrison \"Donald G. Morrison\") |\n 07 |\n Unknown |\n Democratic |\n [Nobles, William H.](/wiki/William_H._Nobles \"William H. Nobles\") |\n 06 |\n [Saint Paul](/wiki/Saint_Paul%2C_Minnesota \"Saint Paul, Minnesota\") |\n Whig |\n [Noot, William](/wiki/William_Noot \"William Noot\") |\n 02 |\n [Saint Paul](/wiki/Saint_Paul%2C_Minnesota \"Saint Paul, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Plummer, Henry S.](/wiki/Henry_S._Plummer \"Henry S. Plummer\") |\n 03 |\n [Saint Anthony](/wiki/Saint_Anthony%2C_Minnesota \"Saint Anthony, Minnesota\") |\n Whig |\n [Richardson, Reuben M.](/wiki/Reuben_M._Richardson \"Reuben M. Richardson\") |\n 05 |\n [Sauk Rapids](/wiki/Sauk_Rapids%2C_Minnesota \"Sauk Rapids, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Rolette, Joseph](/wiki/Joe_Rolette \"Joe Rolette\") |\n 07 |\n [Pembina](/wiki/Pembina_Township%2C_Mahnomen_County%2C_Minnesota \"Pembina Township, Mahnomen County, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Roy, Peter](/wiki/Peter_Roy \"Peter Roy\") |\n 05 |\n [Belle Plaine](/wiki/Belle_Plaine%2C_Minnesota \"Belle Plaine, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Sloan, Levi](/wiki/Levi_Sloan \"Levi Sloan\") |\n 02 |\n [Saint Paul](/wiki/Saint_Paul%2C_Minnesota \"Saint Paul, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Taylor, Nathan C. D.](/wiki/Nathan_C._D._Taylor \"Nathan C. D. Taylor\") |\n 01 |\n [Taylors Falls](/wiki/Taylors_Falls%2C_Minnesota \"Taylors Falls, Minnesota\") |\n Democratic |\n [Watson, Robert](/wiki/Robert_Watson_%28Minnesota_politician%29 \"Robert Watson (Minnesota politician)\") |\n 01 |\n [Cottage Grove](/wiki/Cottage_Grove%2C_Minnesota \"Cottage Grove, Minnesota\") |\n Whig |\n",
"Notes\n-----\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n* [Minnesota Legislators Past \\& Present \\- Session Search Results (Session 0\\.5, Senate)](https://www.leg.state.mn.us/legdb/results?search=session&q=&gender=&sess=0.5&body=Senate)\n* [Minnesota Legislators Past \\& Present \\- Session Search Results (Session 0\\.5, House)](https://www.leg.state.mn.us/legdb/results?search=session&q=&gender=&sess=0.5&body=House)\n\n[00\\.5th](/wiki/Category:Minnesota_legislative_sessions \"Minnesota legislative sessions\")\n[Category:1850s in Minnesota Territory](/wiki/Category:1850s_in_Minnesota_Territory \"1850s in Minnesota Territory\")\n\n"
]
} |
Yuanmen | {
"id": [
4503828
],
"name": [
"SimonTrew"
]
} | ttq2gjku9mov5egr6m086dgpw73bfoo | 2016-12-07T03:44:58Z | 752,436,721 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Yuanmen"
],
"level": [
1
],
"content": [
"**Yuanmen** may refer to: \n\n* Yuanmen Committee, [Tancheng, Pingtan County](/wiki/Tancheng%2C_Pingtan_County \"Tancheng, Pingtan County\").\n* [Yuanmen language](/wiki/Yuanmen_language \"Yuanmen language\"), one of the [Hlai languages](/wiki/Hlai_languages \"Hlai languages\").\n* [Yuanmen Township](/wiki/Yuanmen_Township \"Yuanmen Township\") (元门乡), [Hainan](/wiki/Hainan \"Hainan\").\n\n"
]
} |
Lacassine High School | {
"id": [
47151073
],
"name": [
"Eddiedean1919"
]
} | 6kxz440aldzcmu1luho17p0v4pqutyi | 2024-01-09T21:53:42Z | 1,194,612,141 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Athletics",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Lacassine High School** is a K\\-12 school in [Lacassine](/wiki/Lacassine%2C_Louisiana \"Lacassine, Louisiana\"), [unincorporated](/wiki/Unincorporated_area \"Unincorporated area\") [Jeff Davis Parish, Louisiana](/wiki/Jeff_Davis_Parish%2C_Louisiana \"Jeff Davis Parish, Louisiana\"). It is a part of [Jeff Davis Parish Public Schools](/wiki/Jeff_Davis_Parish_Public_Schools \"Jeff Davis Parish Public Schools\").\n\nThe first school in Lacassine opened in 1907\\.\"[Overview](http://lhs.jeffersondavis.org/apps/pages/index.jsp?uREC_ID=277693&type=d&pREC_ID=619521).\" Lacassine High School. Retrieved on December 3, 2016\\.\n\n",
"Athletics\n---------\n\nLacassine High athletics competes in the [LHSAA](/wiki/Louisiana_High_School_Athletic_Association \"Louisiana High School Athletic Association\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Lacassine High School](http://lhs.jeffersondavis.org)\n\n[Category:Schools in Jefferson Davis Parish, Louisiana](/wiki/Category:Schools_in_Jefferson_Davis_Parish%2C_Louisiana \"Schools in Jefferson Davis Parish, Louisiana\")\n[Category:Public K–12 schools in Louisiana](/wiki/Category:Public_K%E2%80%9312_schools_in_Louisiana \"Public K–12 schools in Louisiana\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Agelasta humerata | {
"id": [
1398
],
"name": [
"William Avery"
]
} | c4hw21grzgaoxdjdpzrmw8clxstlt79 | 2024-04-09T08:03:08Z | 1,075,650,947 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Agelasta humerata*** is a species of [beetle](/wiki/Beetle \"Beetle\") in the family [Cerambycidae](/wiki/Cerambycidae \"Cerambycidae\"). It was described by [Stephan von Breuning](/wiki/Stephan_von_Breuning_%28entomologist%29 \"Stephan von Breuning (entomologist)\") in 1939\\. Its known species were found in the [Philippines](/wiki/Philippines \"Philippines\").[BioLib.cz \\- *Agelasta humerata*](https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id231145/). Retrieved on 8 September 2014\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[humerata](/wiki/Category:Agelasta_%28beetle%29 \"Agelasta (beetle)\")\n[Category:Beetles described in 1939](/wiki/Category:Beetles_described_in_1939 \"Beetles described in 1939\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Karsten Härtel | {
"id": [
28779459
],
"name": [
"Lepricavark"
]
} | 1sd5zio3c4sjx6ro4lb3jsar138bicy | 2024-08-31T18:55:42Z | 1,226,189,583 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Karsten Härtel** (born 4 April 1961\\) is a former German [footballer](/wiki/Association_football \"Association football\"). He played as a [goalkeeper](/wiki/Goalkeeper_%28association_football%29 \"Goalkeeper (association football)\") at club level from the early\\-1980s to the mid\\-1990s. He is best known for playing for [Hallescher FC](/wiki/Hallescher_FC \"Hallescher FC\") from 1987 to 1989 in the [DDR\\-Oberliga](/wiki/DDR-Oberliga \"DDR-Oberliga\"), the top level football league in [East Germany](/wiki/East_Germany \"East Germany\"). Following the [German reunification](/wiki/German_reunification \"German reunification\"), he played for [Alemannia Aachen](/wiki/Alemannia_Aachen \"Alemannia Aachen\") and [Bonner SC](/wiki/Bonner_SC \"Bonner SC\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1961 births](/wiki/Category:1961_births \"1961 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Alemannia Aachen players](/wiki/Category:Alemannia_Aachen_players \"Alemannia Aachen players\")\n[Category:Men's association football goalkeepers](/wiki/Category:Men%27s_association_football_goalkeepers \"Men's association football goalkeepers\")\n[Category:Bonner SC players](/wiki/Category:Bonner_SC_players \"Bonner SC players\")\n[Category:DDR\\-Oberliga players](/wiki/Category:DDR-Oberliga_players \"DDR-Oberliga players\")\n[Category:East German men's footballers](/wiki/Category:East_German_men%27s_footballers \"East German men's footballers\")\n[Category:FC Carl Zeiss Jena players](/wiki/Category:FC_Carl_Zeiss_Jena_players \"FC Carl Zeiss Jena players\")\n[Category:Hallescher FC players](/wiki/Category:Hallescher_FC_players \"Hallescher FC players\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
[[Matt Lucas]] | {
"id": [
12374079
],
"name": [
"Unreal7"
]
} | fnwfq3lubbiws2ur271fr13jrgn97xs | 2017-04-04T23:17:27Z | 761,457,470 | 0 | {
"title": [
"[[Matt Lucas]]",
"See also"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"**[Matt Lucas](/wiki/Matt_Lucas \"Matt Lucas\")** (born 1974\\) is a British comedian, screenwriter, actor and singer.\n\n**Matt Lucas** may also refer to:\n\n* [Matt Lucas (singer)](/wiki/Matt_Lucas_%28singer%29 \"Matt Lucas (singer)\") (born 1935\\), American singer\n* [Matt Lucas (rugby union)](/wiki/Matt_Lucas_%28rugby_union%29 \"Matt Lucas (rugby union)\") (born 1992\\), Australian footballer\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Mat Lucas](/wiki/Mat_Lucas \"Mat Lucas\") (born 1979\\), American voice actor\n\n"
]
} |
2008–09 KK Partizan season | {
"id": [
47474982
],
"name": [
"Gamapamani"
]
} | cag55tippj32fvltc8jphto4ouxc3r0 | 2024-06-12T10:44:11Z | 1,197,901,825 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Players",
"Roster",
"Current depth chart",
"Preseason and friendlies",
"Competitions",
"Basketball League of Serbia",
"Group A",
"Semifinals",
"Final",
"Adriatic League",
"Standings",
"Regular season",
"Final four",
"Semifinals",
"Final",
"Kup Radivoja Koraća",
"Euroleague",
"Regular season",
"Group D",
"Top 16",
"Group G",
"Quarterfinals",
"Individual awards",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
3,
3,
2,
2,
2,
3,
4,
4,
2,
3,
3,
3,
4,
4,
2,
2,
3,
3,
3,
3,
4,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nIn the **2008–09 season**, **[Partizan Belgrade](/wiki/KK_Partizan \"KK Partizan\")** will compete in the [Basketball League of Serbia](/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309_Basketball_League_of_Serbia \"2008–09 Basketball League of Serbia\"), [Radivoj Korać Cup](/wiki/Kup_Radivoja_Kora%C4%87a \"Kup Radivoja Koraća\"), [Adriatic League](/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309_Liga_ABA \"2008–09 Liga ABA\") and [Euroleague](/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309_Euroleague \"2008–09 Euroleague\").\n\n",
"Players\n-------\n\n[thumb\\|250px\\|right\\|Partizan's team in 2008–09 season](/wiki/File:KK_Partizan_2008-2009.JPG \"KK Partizan 2008-2009.JPG\")\n\n### Roster\n\n### Current depth chart\n\n|Pos.\n\nStarter\n\nBench\n\nBench\n\nReserve\n\n| |\n\n [C](/wiki/Center_%28basketball%29 \"Center (basketball)\") |\n [Stéphane Lasme](/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Lasme \"Stéphane Lasme\") | [Slavko Vraneš](/wiki/Slavko_Vrane%C5%A1 \"Slavko Vraneš\") | [Nemanja Bešović](/wiki/Nemanja_Be%C5%A1ovi%C4%87 \"Nemanja Bešović\") | |\n [PF](/wiki/Power_forward_%28basketball%29 \"Power forward (basketball)\") |\n [Novica Veličković](/wiki/Novica_Veli%C4%8Dkovi%C4%87 \"Novica Veličković\") | [Žarko Rakočević](/wiki/%C5%BDarko_Rako%C4%8Devi%C4%87 \"Žarko Rakočević\") | | |\n [SF](/wiki/Small_forward \"Small forward\") |\n [Jan Veselý](/wiki/Jan_Vesel%C3%BD \"Jan Veselý\") | [Čedomir Vitkovac](/wiki/%C4%8Cedomir_Vitkovac \"Čedomir Vitkovac\") | [Strahinja Milošević](/wiki/Strahinja_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87 \"Strahinja Milošević\") | [Vladimir Lučić](/wiki/Vladimir_Lu%C4%8Di%C4%87 \"Vladimir Lučić\") | | |\n [SG](/wiki/Shooting_guard \"Shooting guard\") |\n [Milenko Tepić](/wiki/Milenko_Tepi%C4%87 \"Milenko Tepić\") | [Uroš Tripković](/wiki/Uro%C5%A1_Tripkovi%C4%87 \"Uroš Tripković\") | [Bogdan Riznić](/wiki/Bogdan_Rizni%C4%87 \"Bogdan Riznić\") | | |\n [PG](/wiki/Point_guard \"Point guard\") |\n [Aleksandar Rašić](/wiki/Aleksandar_Ra%C5%A1i%C4%87 \"Aleksandar Rašić\") | [Petar Božić](/wiki/Petar_Bo%C5%BEi%C4%87 \"Petar Božić\") | [Vukašin Aleksić](/wiki/Vuka%C5%A1in_Aleksi%C4%87 \"Vukašin Aleksić\") | |\n",
"### Roster\n\n",
"### Current depth chart\n\n|Pos.\n\nStarter\n\nBench\n\nBench\n\nReserve\n\n| |\n\n [C](/wiki/Center_%28basketball%29 \"Center (basketball)\") |\n [Stéphane Lasme](/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Lasme \"Stéphane Lasme\") | [Slavko Vraneš](/wiki/Slavko_Vrane%C5%A1 \"Slavko Vraneš\") | [Nemanja Bešović](/wiki/Nemanja_Be%C5%A1ovi%C4%87 \"Nemanja Bešović\") | |\n [PF](/wiki/Power_forward_%28basketball%29 \"Power forward (basketball)\") |\n [Novica Veličković](/wiki/Novica_Veli%C4%8Dkovi%C4%87 \"Novica Veličković\") | [Žarko Rakočević](/wiki/%C5%BDarko_Rako%C4%8Devi%C4%87 \"Žarko Rakočević\") | | |\n [SF](/wiki/Small_forward \"Small forward\") |\n [Jan Veselý](/wiki/Jan_Vesel%C3%BD \"Jan Veselý\") | [Čedomir Vitkovac](/wiki/%C4%8Cedomir_Vitkovac \"Čedomir Vitkovac\") | [Strahinja Milošević](/wiki/Strahinja_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87 \"Strahinja Milošević\") | [Vladimir Lučić](/wiki/Vladimir_Lu%C4%8Di%C4%87 \"Vladimir Lučić\") | | |\n [SG](/wiki/Shooting_guard \"Shooting guard\") |\n [Milenko Tepić](/wiki/Milenko_Tepi%C4%87 \"Milenko Tepić\") | [Uroš Tripković](/wiki/Uro%C5%A1_Tripkovi%C4%87 \"Uroš Tripković\") | [Bogdan Riznić](/wiki/Bogdan_Rizni%C4%87 \"Bogdan Riznić\") | | |\n [PG](/wiki/Point_guard \"Point guard\") |\n [Aleksandar Rašić](/wiki/Aleksandar_Ra%C5%A1i%C4%87 \"Aleksandar Rašić\") | [Petar Božić](/wiki/Petar_Bo%C5%BEi%C4%87 \"Petar Božić\") | [Vukašin Aleksić](/wiki/Vuka%C5%A1in_Aleksi%C4%87 \"Vukašin Aleksić\") | |\n",
"Preseason and friendlies\n------------------------\n\n",
"Competitions\n------------\n\n| | Competition | Position | Record |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| | [Basketball League of Serbia](/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309_Basketball_League_of_Serbia \"2008–09 Basketball League of Serbia\") | **Winners** | 12–3 |\n| | [Radivoj Korać Cup](/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309_Radivoj_Kora%C4%87_Cup \"2008–09 Radivoj Korać Cup\") | **Winners** | 3–0 |\n| | [Adriatic League](/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309_ABA_NLB_League \"2008–09 ABA NLB League\") | **Winners** | 25–3 |\n| | [Euroleague](/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309_Euroleague \"2008–09 Euroleague\") | Quarterfinals | 9–10 |\n\n",
"Basketball League of Serbia\n---------------------------\n\n### Group A\n\n| Pos | Team | Total | | | | | | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|**P**\n\n**W**\n\n**L**\n\n**F**\n\n**A**\n\n**D**\n\n**Pts**\n\n 1 |**Partizan Belgrade**\n 6 |\n 6 |\n 0 |\n 488 |\n 352 |\n \\+136 |\n 12 |\n 2 |[FMP](/wiki/KK_FMP_%281991%E2%80%932011%29 \"KK FMP (1991–2011)\")\n 6 |\n 3 |\n 3 |\n 436 |\n 439 |\n \\-3 |\n 9 |\n 3 |[Vojvodina](/wiki/KK_Vojvodina \"KK Vojvodina\")\n 6 |\n 2 |\n 4 |\n 442 |\n 525 |\n \\-83 |\n 8 |\n 4 |[Metalac](/wiki/KK_Metalac_Valjevo \"KK Metalac Valjevo\")\n 6 |\n 1 |\n 5 |\n 420 |\n 470 |\n \\-50 |\n 7 ||\n\n**P**\\=Matches played, **W**\\=Matches won, **L**\\=Matches lost, **F**\\=Points for, **A**\\=Points against, **D**\\=Points difference, **Pts**\\=Points\n\n#### Semifinals\n\n#### Final\n\n",
"### Group A\n\n| Pos | Team | Total | | | | | | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|**P**\n\n**W**\n\n**L**\n\n**F**\n\n**A**\n\n**D**\n\n**Pts**\n\n 1 |**Partizan Belgrade**\n 6 |\n 6 |\n 0 |\n 488 |\n 352 |\n \\+136 |\n 12 |\n 2 |[FMP](/wiki/KK_FMP_%281991%E2%80%932011%29 \"KK FMP (1991–2011)\")\n 6 |\n 3 |\n 3 |\n 436 |\n 439 |\n \\-3 |\n 9 |\n 3 |[Vojvodina](/wiki/KK_Vojvodina \"KK Vojvodina\")\n 6 |\n 2 |\n 4 |\n 442 |\n 525 |\n \\-83 |\n 8 |\n 4 |[Metalac](/wiki/KK_Metalac_Valjevo \"KK Metalac Valjevo\")\n 6 |\n 1 |\n 5 |\n 420 |\n 470 |\n \\-50 |\n 7 ||\n\n**P**\\=Matches played, **W**\\=Matches won, **L**\\=Matches lost, **F**\\=Points for, **A**\\=Points against, **D**\\=Points difference, **Pts**\\=Points\n\n#### Semifinals\n\n#### Final\n\n",
"#### Semifinals\n\n",
"#### Final\n\n",
"Adriatic League\n---------------\n\n### Standings\n\n|\n\nTeam\n\nW\n\nL\n\nPts\n\nPF:PA\n\nDiff\n\n| |\n| 1 |**Partizan** 23 | 3 | 49 | 1966:1771 | 195 |\n| 2 |[Cibona](/wiki/KK_Cibona \"KK Cibona\") 19 | 7 | 45 | 2088:1945 | 143 |\n| 3 |[Hemofarm STADA](/wiki/KK_Hemofarm \"KK Hemofarm\") 19 | 7 | 45 | 2082:1987 | 95 |\n| 4 |[Crvena zvezda](/wiki/KK_Crvena_zvezda \"KK Crvena zvezda\") 19 | 7 | 45 | 2010:1913 | 97 |\n\n### Regular season\n\n### Final four\n\n#### Semifinals\n\n#### Final\n\n",
"### Standings\n\n|\n\nTeam\n\nW\n\nL\n\nPts\n\nPF:PA\n\nDiff\n\n| |\n| 1 |**Partizan** 23 | 3 | 49 | 1966:1771 | 195 |\n| 2 |[Cibona](/wiki/KK_Cibona \"KK Cibona\") 19 | 7 | 45 | 2088:1945 | 143 |\n| 3 |[Hemofarm STADA](/wiki/KK_Hemofarm \"KK Hemofarm\") 19 | 7 | 45 | 2082:1987 | 95 |\n| 4 |[Crvena zvezda](/wiki/KK_Crvena_zvezda \"KK Crvena zvezda\") 19 | 7 | 45 | 2010:1913 | 97 |\n\n",
"### Regular season\n\n",
"### Final four\n\n#### Semifinals\n\n#### Final\n\n",
"#### Semifinals\n\n",
"#### Final\n\n",
"Kup Radivoja Koraća\n-------------------\n\n**Quarterfinals**\n\n**Semifinals**\n\n**Final**\n\n",
"Euroleague\n----------\n\n### Regular season\n\n### Group D\n\n|\n\nTeam\n\nPld\n\nW\n\nL\n\nPF\n\nPA\n\nDiff\n\n| |\n| 1\\. | [CSKA Moscow](/wiki/PBC_CSKA_Moscow \"PBC CSKA Moscow\")\n 10 | 7 | 3 | 774 | 644 | \\+130 |\n| 2\\. | [Real Madrid](/wiki/Real_Madrid_Baloncesto \"Real Madrid Baloncesto\")\n 10 | 6 | 4 | 740 | 707 | \\+33 |\n| 3\\. | [Armani Jeans Milano](/wiki/Olimpia_Milano \"Olimpia Milano\")\n 10 | 5 | 5 | 734 | 745 | \\-11 |\n| 4\\. | **Partizan Belgrade**\n 10 | 5 | 5 | 706 | 687 | \\+19 |\n| 5\\. | [Efes Pilsen](/wiki/Anadolu_Efes_S.K. \"Anadolu Efes S.K.\")\n 10 | 4 | 6 | 713 | 762 | \\-49 |\n| 6\\. | [Panionios Forthnet](/wiki/Panionios_B.C. \"Panionios B.C.\")\n 10 | 3 | 7 | 668 | 790 | \\-122 |\n\n### Top 16\n\n### Group G\n\n|\n\nTeam\n\nPld\n\nW\n\nL\n\nPF\n\nPA\n\nDiff\n\n| |\n| 1\\. | [Panathinaikos](/wiki/Panathinaikos_B.C. \"Panathinaikos B.C.\")\n 6 | 5 | 1 | 503 | 428 | \\+72 |\n| 2\\. | [Partizan](/wiki/KK_Partizan \"KK Partizan\")\n 6 | 4 | 2 | 420 | 434 | \\-14 |\n| 3\\. | [Unicaja Málaga](/wiki/Unicaja_M%C3%A1laga \"Unicaja Málaga\")\n 6 | 2 | 4 | 484 | 461 | \\+23 |\n| 4\\. | [Lottomatica Roma](/wiki/Lottomatica_Roma \"Lottomatica Roma\")\n 6 | 1 | 5 | 441 | 525 | \\-84 |\n\n#### Quarterfinals\n\n",
"### Regular season\n\n",
"### Group D\n\n|\n\nTeam\n\nPld\n\nW\n\nL\n\nPF\n\nPA\n\nDiff\n\n| |\n| 1\\. | [CSKA Moscow](/wiki/PBC_CSKA_Moscow \"PBC CSKA Moscow\")\n 10 | 7 | 3 | 774 | 644 | \\+130 |\n| 2\\. | [Real Madrid](/wiki/Real_Madrid_Baloncesto \"Real Madrid Baloncesto\")\n 10 | 6 | 4 | 740 | 707 | \\+33 |\n| 3\\. | [Armani Jeans Milano](/wiki/Olimpia_Milano \"Olimpia Milano\")\n 10 | 5 | 5 | 734 | 745 | \\-11 |\n| 4\\. | **Partizan Belgrade**\n 10 | 5 | 5 | 706 | 687 | \\+19 |\n| 5\\. | [Efes Pilsen](/wiki/Anadolu_Efes_S.K. \"Anadolu Efes S.K.\")\n 10 | 4 | 6 | 713 | 762 | \\-49 |\n| 6\\. | [Panionios Forthnet](/wiki/Panionios_B.C. \"Panionios B.C.\")\n 10 | 3 | 7 | 668 | 790 | \\-122 |\n\n",
"### Top 16\n\n",
"### Group G\n\n|\n\nTeam\n\nPld\n\nW\n\nL\n\nPF\n\nPA\n\nDiff\n\n| |\n| 1\\. | [Panathinaikos](/wiki/Panathinaikos_B.C. \"Panathinaikos B.C.\")\n 6 | 5 | 1 | 503 | 428 | \\+72 |\n| 2\\. | [Partizan](/wiki/KK_Partizan \"KK Partizan\")\n 6 | 4 | 2 | 420 | 434 | \\-14 |\n| 3\\. | [Unicaja Málaga](/wiki/Unicaja_M%C3%A1laga \"Unicaja Málaga\")\n 6 | 2 | 4 | 484 | 461 | \\+23 |\n| 4\\. | [Lottomatica Roma](/wiki/Lottomatica_Roma \"Lottomatica Roma\")\n 6 | 1 | 5 | 441 | 525 | \\-84 |\n\n#### Quarterfinals\n\n",
"#### Quarterfinals\n\n",
"Individual awards\n-----------------\n\n**Euroleague**\n\n**[EuroLeague Rising Star](/wiki/EuroLeague_Rising_Star \"EuroLeague Rising Star\")**\n* [Novica Veličković](/wiki/Novica_Veli%C4%8Dkovi%C4%87 \"Novica Veličković\")\n\n**Coach of the Year ([Alexander Gomelsky Award](/wiki/Euroleague_Coach_of_the_Year_Award \"Euroleague Coach of the Year Award\"))**\n* [Duško Vujošević](/wiki/Du%C5%A1ko_Vujo%C5%A1evi%C4%87 \"Duško Vujošević\")\n\n**[Euroleague MVP of the Month](/wiki/Euroleague_MVP_of_the_Month \"Euroleague MVP of the Month\")**\n* [Novica Veličković](/wiki/Novica_Veli%C4%8Dkovi%C4%87 \"Novica Veličković\"), February\n\n**[Euroleague Weekly MVPs](/wiki/Euroleague_Weekly_MVPs \"Euroleague Weekly MVPs\")**\n* [Novica Veličković](/wiki/Novica_Veli%C4%8Dkovi%C4%87 \"Novica Veličković\") – TOP 16, Week 2\n\n**Adriatic League**\n\nMVP of the Round\n* [Novica Veličković](/wiki/Novica_Veli%C4%8Dkovi%C4%87 \"Novica Veličković\") – Round 14\n* [Novica Veličković](/wiki/Novica_Veli%C4%8Dkovi%C4%87 \"Novica Veličković\") – Final\n\n**Radivoj Korać Cup**\n\nFinals MVP\n* [Novica Veličković](/wiki/Novica_Veli%C4%8Dkovi%C4%87 \"Novica Veličković\")\n\n**Basketball League of Serbia**\n\nFinals MVP\n* [Novica Veličković](/wiki/Novica_Veli%C4%8Dkovi%C4%87 \"Novica Veličković\")\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Official website](https://web.archive.org/web/20110923173704/http://www.kkpartizan.rs/sr/index.php)\n\n[Category:KK Partizan seasons](/wiki/Category:KK_Partizan_seasons \"KK Partizan seasons\")\n[Partizan](/wiki/Category:2008%E2%80%9309_in_Serbian_basketball \"2008–09 in Serbian basketball\")\n[Partizan](/wiki/Category:2008%E2%80%9309_Euroleague_by_club \"2008–09 Euroleague by club\")\n\n"
]
} |
Happy Hollow, Missouri | {
"id": [
39191556
],
"name": [
"SimLibrarian"
]
} | 0jhbtwy6q4w7px0hc1hjeyx6c3mzhxx | 2023-11-12T22:01:59Z | 1,167,132,677 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Happy Hollow** is an [unincorporated community](/wiki/Unincorporated_community \"Unincorporated community\") in eastern [Washington County](/wiki/Washington_County%2C_Missouri \"Washington County, Missouri\"), in the [U.S. state](/wiki/U.S._state \"U.S. state\") of [Missouri](/wiki/Missouri \"Missouri\"). The community is located on [Missouri Route 47](/wiki/Missouri_Route_47 \"Missouri Route 47\") between [Old Mines](/wiki/Old_Mines%2C_Missouri \"Old Mines, Missouri\") to the west and [Cadet](/wiki/Cadet%2C_Missouri \"Cadet, Missouri\") to the east.*Missouri Atlas \\& Gazetteer,* DeLorme, 1998, First edition, p. 48 \n\nThe name \"Happy Hollow\" is commendatory.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Unincorporated communities in Washington County, Missouri](/wiki/Category:Unincorporated_communities_in_Washington_County%2C_Missouri \"Unincorporated communities in Washington County, Missouri\")\n[Category:Unincorporated communities in Missouri](/wiki/Category:Unincorporated_communities_in_Missouri \"Unincorporated communities in Missouri\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Bansilal Verma | {
"id": [
48293407
],
"name": [
"Satchel Kay"
]
} | 55us224725ob6e9yz6iyeeg4mjei46w | 2024-08-28T19:26:54Z | 1,242,789,510 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Life",
"Works",
"Recognition",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n**Bansilal Verma** (1917–2003\\), better known by his pen name **Chakor**, was a cartoonist and illustrator from [Gujarat](/wiki/Gujarat \"Gujarat\"), India.\n\n",
"Life\n----\n\nBansilal Verma was born on 23 November 1917 at Chotiya village near [Taranga](/wiki/Taranga_Jain_temple \"Taranga Jain temple\") (now in [Mehsana district](/wiki/Mehsana_district \"Mehsana district\"), Gujarat) to Jamnagauri and Gulabrai. His family belonged to [Vadnagar](/wiki/Vadnagar \"Vadnagar\") from where he [matriculated](/wiki/Matriculation \"Matriculation\"). He was inspired by [Raja Ravi Verma](/wiki/Raja_Ravi_Verma \"Raja Ravi Verma\") and used to draw paintings of gods and goddesses. During his teen years, he moved to [Ahmedabad](/wiki/Ahmedabad \"Ahmedabad\") from Vadnagar and joined artist [Ravishankar Raval](/wiki/Ravishankar_Raval \"Ravishankar Raval\") to learn the art in 1935\\. In 1936, he served as an artist for three months in [Lucknow](/wiki/Lucknow \"Lucknow\") session of [Indian National Congress](/wiki/Indian_National_Congress \"Indian National Congress\"). He also met [Nandalal Bose](/wiki/Nandalal_Bose \"Nandalal Bose\"). In 1937, he joined *Navsaurashtra*, edited by Kakalbhai Kothari, as a cartoonist. He also contributed to the [Indian Independence Movement](/wiki/Indian_Independence_Movement \"Indian Independence Movement\") by drawing posters, banners and cartoons. He also drew cartoons for *Prajabandhu* weekly, *Gati* and *Rekha* magazines edited by [Jayanti Dalal](/wiki/Jayanti_Dalal \"Jayanti Dalal\").\n\nIn 1948, he went to [Bombay](/wiki/Bombay \"Bombay\") and joined *Hindustan* daily. After the death of [Sardar Patel](/wiki/Sardar_Patel \"Sardar Patel\"), *Hindustan* stopped. Bansilal Verma then worked with *Janmabhoomi* from 1955 to 1959\\. In 1959, he joined the English daily *[The Free Press Journal](/wiki/The_Free_Press_Journal \"The Free Press Journal\")* and his cartoons were also published in the [Gujarati](/wiki/Gujarati_language \"Gujarati language\") daily *Janshakti*. His cartoons on politics and politician were influential. Due to political pressure, he left that job in 1972\\. In 1978, he came to [Ahmedabad](/wiki/Ahmedabad \"Ahmedabad\") and joined *[Sandesh](/wiki/Sandesh_%28Indian_newspaper%29 \"Sandesh (Indian newspaper)\")* where he worked for years. He also illustrated several books and magazines.\n\nHe died on 8 August 2003\\.\n\n",
"Works\n-----\n\nHe drew under pen names Chakor, Bansi and Kishor Vakil. His illustration of Indian lady welcoming with folded hand is very popular.\n\nHis books of cartoons and caricatures are also published. His large number of cartoons are published in newspapers and magazines. He had also painted domes of some [Jain temples](/wiki/Jain_temple \"Jain temple\"), 25 paintings, large number of illustrations and covers for books. *Vamanmathi Virat* is his notable collection of cartoons on [Lal Bahadur Shastri](/wiki/Lal_Bahadur_Shastri \"Lal Bahadur Shastri\"). He also illustrated two colouring books published by Khadi and Gramodyog. He has published children's comic books; *Hanuman*, *Shiv\\-Parvati*, *Karna*, *Vikram Ane Vetal* and *Veer Balko*. Some of his paintings are stored in Mysore Art Gallery. His humour articles are collected in *Vinod Vatika*. He has written essays such as *Bharatma Angreji Amal* and *Shantimay Kranti*.\n\n",
"Recognition\n-----------\n\nHe won a prize at Third International Salon of Cartoons in [Montreal](/wiki/Montreal \"Montreal\"), Canada for a cartoon titled *If Dragon Comes To UN*, published in *The Free Press Journal*. He had also received *Sanskar Award*, *Surat Lions Shield*, *Kamalashankar Pandya Award* and *Vadnagar Nagrik Sanman*. He received Ravishankar Raval Award instituted by [Government of Gujarat](/wiki/Government_of_Gujarat \"Government of Gujarat\"). A square near Vasna\\-Pirana bridge in [Ahmedabad](/wiki/Ahmedabad \"Ahmedabad\") is named after him.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1917 births](/wiki/Category:1917_births \"1917 births\")\n[Category:2003 deaths](/wiki/Category:2003_deaths \"2003 deaths\")\n[Category:Writers from Gujarat](/wiki/Category:Writers_from_Gujarat \"Writers from Gujarat\")\n[Category:Indian editorial cartoonists](/wiki/Category:Indian_editorial_cartoonists \"Indian editorial cartoonists\")\n[Category:Artists from Gujarat](/wiki/Category:Artists_from_Gujarat \"Artists from Gujarat\")\n[Category:20th\\-century Indian painters](/wiki/Category:20th-century_Indian_painters \"20th-century Indian painters\")\n[Category:People from Mehsana district](/wiki/Category:People_from_Mehsana_district \"People from Mehsana district\")\n[Category:Painters from Gujarat](/wiki/Category:Painters_from_Gujarat \"Painters from Gujarat\")\n\n"
]
} |
André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal | {
"id": [
2304267
],
"name": [
"CommonsDelinker"
]
} | 6tpqxkp1k8o9ri5oezsr1shkvr2w7f4 | 2024-07-20T10:51:59Z | 1,231,950,427 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"André the Giant",
"Memorial Battle Royal",
"Reception",
"Winners",
"Participants",
"Notes",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
3,
3,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal** is a namesake [battle royal](/wiki/Battle_royal_%28professional_wrestling%29 \"Battle royal (professional wrestling)\") held as part of [WrestleMania](/wiki/WrestleMania \"WrestleMania\") Weekend by the [American](/wiki/United_States \"United States\") [professional wrestling promotion](/wiki/Professional_wrestling_promotion \"Professional wrestling promotion\") [WWE](/wiki/WWE \"WWE\"). The winner of the match receives the André the Giant Memorial Trophy. The inaugural battle royal was held at [WrestleMania XXX](/wiki/WrestleMania_XXX \"WrestleMania XXX\") in 2014 and was won by [Cesaro](/wiki/Claudio_Castagnoli \"Claudio Castagnoli\"). The most recent winner of the 2024 match was [Bronson Reed](/wiki/Bronson_Reed \"Bronson Reed\") ahead of [WrestleMania XL](/wiki/WrestleMania_XL \"WrestleMania XL\").\n\nThe match is named in honor of [André the Giant](/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_the_Giant \"André the Giant\"), the first [WWE Hall of Fame](/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame \"WWE Hall of Fame\") inductee who at over seven feet tall and weighing over 500 pounds was known as \"The King of the Battle Royal\" due to winning a large majority of such matches he participated in. A short\\-lived female counterpart called the [WrestleMania Women's Battle Royal](/wiki/WrestleMania_Women%27s_Battle_Royal \"WrestleMania Women's Battle Royal\") was held in 2018 and 2019\\.\n\nOriginally established as an annual battle royal held at either WrestleMania itself or its Kickoff pre\\-show, the match did not occur at [WrestleMania 36](/wiki/WrestleMania_36 \"WrestleMania 36\") in 2020 due to concerns over the [COVID\\-19 pandemic](/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic \"COVID-19 pandemic\"). It returned in 2021, airing on a special \"WrestleMania Edition\" of *[SmackDown](/wiki/WWE_SmackDown \"WWE SmackDown\")* the night before [WrestleMania 37](/wiki/WrestleMania_37 \"WrestleMania 37\"). The *SmackDown* prior to WrestleMania has since been established as the start of WrestleMania Weekend with the battle royal becoming a fixture of the [special episode](/wiki/List_of_WWE_SmackDown_special_episodes \"List of WWE SmackDown special episodes\").\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\n### André the Giant\n\n[André the Giant](/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_the_Giant \"André the Giant\") was a French [professional wrestler](/wiki/Professional_wrestler \"Professional wrestler\"). He was best known for his time in the American [professional wrestling promotion](/wiki/Professional_wrestling_promotion \"Professional wrestling promotion\") [WWE](/wiki/WWE \"WWE\"). He signed with the company in 1973 when it was still known by its original name of World Wide Wrestling Federation (WWWF), which was renamed to World Wrestling Federation (WWF) in 1979, and he continued performing for the promotion until 1991 (the WWF was renamed to WWE in 2002\\). Following his death in 1993, André was the inaugural inductee into the promotion's [Hall of Fame](/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame \"WWE Hall of Fame\") as the sole inductee for the [Class of 1993](/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_%281993%29 \"WWE Hall of Fame (1993)\"). At over seven feet tall and weighing 500 pounds, André was known as \"The King of the Battle Royal\" due to winning a large majority of such matches he participated in.\n\n### Memorial Battle Royal\n\nOn the March 10, 2014, episode of *[Raw](/wiki/WWE_Raw \"WWE Raw\")*, [WrestleMania XXX](/wiki/WrestleMania_XXX \"WrestleMania XXX\") host [Hulk Hogan](/wiki/Hulk_Hogan \"Hulk Hogan\") announced the establishment of the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal. The match was established in honor of [André's legacy](/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_the_Giant%23Legacy \"André the Giant#Legacy\"). It took place at WrestleMania XXX on April 6, with the winner receiving the André the Giant Memorial Trophy, made in the likeness of André. [Cesaro](/wiki/Claudio_Castagnoli \"Claudio Castagnoli\") won the inaugural match after eliminating [Big Show](/wiki/Big_Show \"Big Show\") using a [body slam](/wiki/Body_slam \"Body slam\"), mimicking the famous moment of when Hogan performed a body slam on André at [WrestleMania III](/wiki/WrestleMania_III \"WrestleMania III\").\n\nAt [WrestleMania 31](/wiki/WrestleMania_31 \"WrestleMania 31\") on March 29, 2015, the second annual André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal took place as part of the event's Kickoff pre\\-show, thus establishing the match as a yearly tradition. Big Show—a wrestler who had been often compared to André due to his similar size and stature and who was originally billed as André's (storyline) son when he debuted in [World Championship Wrestling](/wiki/World_Championship_Wrestling \"World Championship Wrestling\") in 1995—won the match by last eliminating [Damien Mizdow](/wiki/Aron_Stevens \"Aron Stevens\").\n\nWhile primarily contested by professional wrestlers, celebrities from other fields began to make appearances in the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal beginning with the third annual match at [WrestleMania 32](/wiki/WrestleMania_32 \"WrestleMania 32\") in 2016\\. This match, which occurred on the main card, featured former [National Basketball Association](/wiki/National_Basketball_Association \"National Basketball Association\") player [Shaquille O'Neal](/wiki/Shaquille_O%27Neal \"Shaquille O'Neal\") entering as a surprise participant, confronting Big Show. The match itself was won by [Baron Corbin](/wiki/Baron_Corbin \"Baron Corbin\"), who last eliminated [Kane](/wiki/Kane_%28wrestler%29 \"Kane (wrestler)\") to win.\n\nThe following year's match occurred on April 2, 2017, on the [WrestleMania 33](/wiki/WrestleMania_33 \"WrestleMania 33\") Kickoff pre\\-show. Although not a participant in the match itself, the match did feature a surprise appearance by [National Football League](/wiki/National_Football_League \"National Football League\") player [Rob Gronkowski](/wiki/Rob_Gronkowski \"Rob Gronkowski\"), who assisted his real life friend [Mojo Rawley](/wiki/Mojo_Rawley \"Mojo Rawley\"), enabling Rawley to last eliminate [Jinder Mahal](/wiki/Jinder_Mahal \"Jinder Mahal\") to win the match.\n\nThe fifth annual André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal took place as part of [WrestleMania 34](/wiki/WrestleMania_34 \"WrestleMania 34\")'s Kickoff pre\\-show on April 8, 2018\\. Unlike the past couple of years, this match did not feature any celebrity appearances, but the match was won by [Matt Hardy](/wiki/Matt_Hardy \"Matt Hardy\"), who last eliminated Baron Corbin to win. Also at WrestleMania 34, a women's version of the match was established, called the [WrestleMania Women's Battle Royal](/wiki/WrestleMania_Women%27s_Battle_Royal \"WrestleMania Women's Battle Royal\").\n\nThe sixth annual André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal was held as part of [WrestleMania 35](/wiki/WrestleMania_35 \"WrestleMania 35\")'s Kickoff pre\\-show on April 7, 2019\\. This year's battle royal was unique in that there was a storyline going into the match with the two celebrity guest participants. Prior to the event, comedians [Colin Jost](/wiki/Colin_Jost \"Colin Jost\") and [Michael Che](/wiki/Michael_Che \"Michael Che\") of *[Saturday Night Live](/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live \"Saturday Night Live\")* began appearing on *Raw* as part of a storyline with [Braun Strowman](/wiki/Braun_Strowman \"Braun Strowman\"), which ultimately led to them being scheduled as participants in the match. Strowman ultimately won the match by last eliminating Jost.\n\nThe match did not occur at [WrestleMania 36](/wiki/WrestleMania_36 \"WrestleMania 36\") in 2020 due to concerns stemming from the [COVID\\-19 pandemic](/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic \"COVID-19 pandemic\"). The pandemic brought many changes to WWE's programming during that time, and the battle royal was not scheduled so as to limit the number of wrestlers in the ring at the same time. WrestleMania 36 itself, which was WWE's first [pay\\-per\\-view](/wiki/Pay-per-view \"Pay-per-view\") and [livestreaming](/wiki/Livestreaming \"Livestreaming\") event affected by the pandemic, was relocated and held [behind closed doors](/wiki/Behind_closed_doors_%28sport%29 \"Behind closed doors (sport)\") at the [WWE Performance Center](/wiki/WWE_Performance_Center \"WWE Performance Center\") in [Orlando, Florida](/wiki/Orlando%2C_Florida \"Orlando, Florida\").\n\nOn April 1, 2021, WWE announced the return of the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal. Unlike previous editions of the match, the seventh battle royal was not held at WrestleMania itself. Instead, it aired as part of the April 9 episode of *[SmackDown](/wiki/WWE_SmackDown \"WWE SmackDown\")*, the night before [WrestleMania 37](/wiki/WrestleMania_37 \"WrestleMania 37\"), with the episode promoted as *WrestleMania SmackDown*. The show was [pre\\-taped](/wiki/Broadcast_delay \"Broadcast delay\") on April 2, and [Jey Uso](/wiki/Jey_Uso \"Jey Uso\") won the match by last eliminating [Shinsuke Nakamura](/wiki/Shinsuke_Nakamura \"Shinsuke Nakamura\").\n\nThe eighth André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal took place on April 1, 2022, during the special *WrestleMania SmackDown*, which aired [live](/wiki/Live_television \"Live television\") the night before [WrestleMania 38](/wiki/WrestleMania_38 \"WrestleMania 38\"). [Madcap Moss](/wiki/Madcap_Moss \"Madcap Moss\") won the match by last eliminating [Finn Bálor](/wiki/Finn_B%C3%A1lor \"Finn Bálor\").\n\nThe ninth André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal took place on March 31, 2023, during the special *WrestleMania SmackDown*, which aired live the night before [WrestleMania 39](/wiki/WrestleMania_39 \"WrestleMania 39\"). [Bobby Lashley](/wiki/Bobby_Lashley \"Bobby Lashley\") won the match by last eliminating [Bronson Reed](/wiki/Bronson_Reed \"Bronson Reed\").\n\nThe 10th edition of the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal took place during *WrestleMania SmackDown* on April 5, 2024, at the [Wells Fargo Center](/wiki/Wells_Fargo_Center_%28Philadelphia%29 \"Wells Fargo Center (Philadelphia)\") in [Philadelphia, Pennsylvania](/wiki/Philadelphia%2C_Pennsylvania \"Philadelphia, Pennsylvania\"), the night prior to [WrestleMania XL](/wiki/WrestleMania_XL \"WrestleMania XL\"). The prior year's runner up, Bronson Reed, won the 2024 match by last eliminating [Ivar](/wiki/Ivar_%28wrestler%29 \"Ivar (wrestler)\").\n\n",
"### André the Giant\n\n[André the Giant](/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_the_Giant \"André the Giant\") was a French [professional wrestler](/wiki/Professional_wrestler \"Professional wrestler\"). He was best known for his time in the American [professional wrestling promotion](/wiki/Professional_wrestling_promotion \"Professional wrestling promotion\") [WWE](/wiki/WWE \"WWE\"). He signed with the company in 1973 when it was still known by its original name of World Wide Wrestling Federation (WWWF), which was renamed to World Wrestling Federation (WWF) in 1979, and he continued performing for the promotion until 1991 (the WWF was renamed to WWE in 2002\\). Following his death in 1993, André was the inaugural inductee into the promotion's [Hall of Fame](/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame \"WWE Hall of Fame\") as the sole inductee for the [Class of 1993](/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_%281993%29 \"WWE Hall of Fame (1993)\"). At over seven feet tall and weighing 500 pounds, André was known as \"The King of the Battle Royal\" due to winning a large majority of such matches he participated in.\n\n",
"### Memorial Battle Royal\n\nOn the March 10, 2014, episode of *[Raw](/wiki/WWE_Raw \"WWE Raw\")*, [WrestleMania XXX](/wiki/WrestleMania_XXX \"WrestleMania XXX\") host [Hulk Hogan](/wiki/Hulk_Hogan \"Hulk Hogan\") announced the establishment of the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal. The match was established in honor of [André's legacy](/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_the_Giant%23Legacy \"André the Giant#Legacy\"). It took place at WrestleMania XXX on April 6, with the winner receiving the André the Giant Memorial Trophy, made in the likeness of André. [Cesaro](/wiki/Claudio_Castagnoli \"Claudio Castagnoli\") won the inaugural match after eliminating [Big Show](/wiki/Big_Show \"Big Show\") using a [body slam](/wiki/Body_slam \"Body slam\"), mimicking the famous moment of when Hogan performed a body slam on André at [WrestleMania III](/wiki/WrestleMania_III \"WrestleMania III\").\n\nAt [WrestleMania 31](/wiki/WrestleMania_31 \"WrestleMania 31\") on March 29, 2015, the second annual André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal took place as part of the event's Kickoff pre\\-show, thus establishing the match as a yearly tradition. Big Show—a wrestler who had been often compared to André due to his similar size and stature and who was originally billed as André's (storyline) son when he debuted in [World Championship Wrestling](/wiki/World_Championship_Wrestling \"World Championship Wrestling\") in 1995—won the match by last eliminating [Damien Mizdow](/wiki/Aron_Stevens \"Aron Stevens\").\n\nWhile primarily contested by professional wrestlers, celebrities from other fields began to make appearances in the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal beginning with the third annual match at [WrestleMania 32](/wiki/WrestleMania_32 \"WrestleMania 32\") in 2016\\. This match, which occurred on the main card, featured former [National Basketball Association](/wiki/National_Basketball_Association \"National Basketball Association\") player [Shaquille O'Neal](/wiki/Shaquille_O%27Neal \"Shaquille O'Neal\") entering as a surprise participant, confronting Big Show. The match itself was won by [Baron Corbin](/wiki/Baron_Corbin \"Baron Corbin\"), who last eliminated [Kane](/wiki/Kane_%28wrestler%29 \"Kane (wrestler)\") to win.\n\nThe following year's match occurred on April 2, 2017, on the [WrestleMania 33](/wiki/WrestleMania_33 \"WrestleMania 33\") Kickoff pre\\-show. Although not a participant in the match itself, the match did feature a surprise appearance by [National Football League](/wiki/National_Football_League \"National Football League\") player [Rob Gronkowski](/wiki/Rob_Gronkowski \"Rob Gronkowski\"), who assisted his real life friend [Mojo Rawley](/wiki/Mojo_Rawley \"Mojo Rawley\"), enabling Rawley to last eliminate [Jinder Mahal](/wiki/Jinder_Mahal \"Jinder Mahal\") to win the match.\n\nThe fifth annual André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal took place as part of [WrestleMania 34](/wiki/WrestleMania_34 \"WrestleMania 34\")'s Kickoff pre\\-show on April 8, 2018\\. Unlike the past couple of years, this match did not feature any celebrity appearances, but the match was won by [Matt Hardy](/wiki/Matt_Hardy \"Matt Hardy\"), who last eliminated Baron Corbin to win. Also at WrestleMania 34, a women's version of the match was established, called the [WrestleMania Women's Battle Royal](/wiki/WrestleMania_Women%27s_Battle_Royal \"WrestleMania Women's Battle Royal\").\n\nThe sixth annual André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal was held as part of [WrestleMania 35](/wiki/WrestleMania_35 \"WrestleMania 35\")'s Kickoff pre\\-show on April 7, 2019\\. This year's battle royal was unique in that there was a storyline going into the match with the two celebrity guest participants. Prior to the event, comedians [Colin Jost](/wiki/Colin_Jost \"Colin Jost\") and [Michael Che](/wiki/Michael_Che \"Michael Che\") of *[Saturday Night Live](/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live \"Saturday Night Live\")* began appearing on *Raw* as part of a storyline with [Braun Strowman](/wiki/Braun_Strowman \"Braun Strowman\"), which ultimately led to them being scheduled as participants in the match. Strowman ultimately won the match by last eliminating Jost.\n\nThe match did not occur at [WrestleMania 36](/wiki/WrestleMania_36 \"WrestleMania 36\") in 2020 due to concerns stemming from the [COVID\\-19 pandemic](/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic \"COVID-19 pandemic\"). The pandemic brought many changes to WWE's programming during that time, and the battle royal was not scheduled so as to limit the number of wrestlers in the ring at the same time. WrestleMania 36 itself, which was WWE's first [pay\\-per\\-view](/wiki/Pay-per-view \"Pay-per-view\") and [livestreaming](/wiki/Livestreaming \"Livestreaming\") event affected by the pandemic, was relocated and held [behind closed doors](/wiki/Behind_closed_doors_%28sport%29 \"Behind closed doors (sport)\") at the [WWE Performance Center](/wiki/WWE_Performance_Center \"WWE Performance Center\") in [Orlando, Florida](/wiki/Orlando%2C_Florida \"Orlando, Florida\").\n\nOn April 1, 2021, WWE announced the return of the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal. Unlike previous editions of the match, the seventh battle royal was not held at WrestleMania itself. Instead, it aired as part of the April 9 episode of *[SmackDown](/wiki/WWE_SmackDown \"WWE SmackDown\")*, the night before [WrestleMania 37](/wiki/WrestleMania_37 \"WrestleMania 37\"), with the episode promoted as *WrestleMania SmackDown*. The show was [pre\\-taped](/wiki/Broadcast_delay \"Broadcast delay\") on April 2, and [Jey Uso](/wiki/Jey_Uso \"Jey Uso\") won the match by last eliminating [Shinsuke Nakamura](/wiki/Shinsuke_Nakamura \"Shinsuke Nakamura\").\n\nThe eighth André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal took place on April 1, 2022, during the special *WrestleMania SmackDown*, which aired [live](/wiki/Live_television \"Live television\") the night before [WrestleMania 38](/wiki/WrestleMania_38 \"WrestleMania 38\"). [Madcap Moss](/wiki/Madcap_Moss \"Madcap Moss\") won the match by last eliminating [Finn Bálor](/wiki/Finn_B%C3%A1lor \"Finn Bálor\").\n\nThe ninth André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal took place on March 31, 2023, during the special *WrestleMania SmackDown*, which aired live the night before [WrestleMania 39](/wiki/WrestleMania_39 \"WrestleMania 39\"). [Bobby Lashley](/wiki/Bobby_Lashley \"Bobby Lashley\") won the match by last eliminating [Bronson Reed](/wiki/Bronson_Reed \"Bronson Reed\").\n\nThe 10th edition of the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal took place during *WrestleMania SmackDown* on April 5, 2024, at the [Wells Fargo Center](/wiki/Wells_Fargo_Center_%28Philadelphia%29 \"Wells Fargo Center (Philadelphia)\") in [Philadelphia, Pennsylvania](/wiki/Philadelphia%2C_Pennsylvania \"Philadelphia, Pennsylvania\"), the night prior to [WrestleMania XL](/wiki/WrestleMania_XL \"WrestleMania XL\"). The prior year's runner up, Bronson Reed, won the 2024 match by last eliminating [Ivar](/wiki/Ivar_%28wrestler%29 \"Ivar (wrestler)\").\n\n",
"Reception\n---------\n\nWriting for *[PWInsider](/wiki/PWInsider \"PWInsider\")* in 2017, [Dave Scherer](/wiki/Dave_Scherer \"Dave Scherer\") saw no reason for viewers to care about the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal, given how winners have been booked and further said: \"It's great that talent will get on the show for WrestleMania, but that match hasn't meant anything thus far.\"\n\n",
"Winners\n-------\n\nThe battle royal has been held every year since 2014, except in 2020 for [WrestleMania 36](/wiki/WrestleMania_36 \"WrestleMania 36\") due to the [COVID\\-19 pandemic](/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic \"COVID-19 pandemic\").\n\n| No. | Winner | Runner Up | WrestleMania Weekend | Location | Date |\n\n| 1 | [Cesaro](/wiki/Claudio_Castagnoli \"Claudio Castagnoli\") | [Big Show](/wiki/Big_Show \"Big Show\") | [XXX](/wiki/WrestleMania_XXX \"WrestleMania XXX\") | [New Orleans](/wiki/New_Orleans \"New Orleans\"), [Louisiana](/wiki/Louisiana \"Louisiana\") | April 6, 2014 |\n| 2 | [Big Show](/wiki/Big_Show \"Big Show\") | [Damien Mizdow](/wiki/Damien_Sandow \"Damien Sandow\") | [31](/wiki/WrestleMania_31 \"WrestleMania 31\") | [Santa Clara, California](/wiki/Santa_Clara%2C_California \"Santa Clara, California\") | March 29, 2015 |\n| 3 | [Baron Corbin](/wiki/Baron_Corbin \"Baron Corbin\") | [Kane](/wiki/Kane_%28wrestler%29 \"Kane (wrestler)\") | [32](/wiki/WrestleMania_32 \"WrestleMania 32\") | [Arlington, Texas](/wiki/Arlington%2C_Texas \"Arlington, Texas\") | April 3, 2016 |\n| 4 | [Mojo Rawley](/wiki/Mojo_Rawley \"Mojo Rawley\") | [Jinder Mahal](/wiki/Jinder_Mahal \"Jinder Mahal\") | [33](/wiki/WrestleMania_33 \"WrestleMania 33\") | [Orlando, Florida](/wiki/Orlando%2C_Florida \"Orlando, Florida\") | April 2, 2017 |\n| 5 | [Matt Hardy](/wiki/Matt_Hardy \"Matt Hardy\") | [Baron Corbin](/wiki/Baron_Corbin \"Baron Corbin\") | [34](/wiki/WrestleMania_34 \"WrestleMania 34\") | New Orleans, Louisiana | April 8, 2018 |\n| 6 | [Braun Strowman](/wiki/Braun_Strowman \"Braun Strowman\") | [Colin Jost](/wiki/Colin_Jost \"Colin Jost\") | [35](/wiki/WrestleMania_35 \"WrestleMania 35\") | [East Rutherford, New Jersey](/wiki/East_Rutherford%2C_New_Jersey \"East Rutherford, New Jersey\") | April 7, 2019 |\n| 7 | [Jey Uso](/wiki/Jey_Uso \"Jey Uso\") | [Shinsuke Nakamura](/wiki/Shinsuke_Nakamura \"Shinsuke Nakamura\") | [37](/wiki/WrestleMania_37 \"WrestleMania 37\") | [St. Petersburg, Florida](/wiki/St._Petersburg%2C_Florida \"St. Petersburg, Florida\") | April 2, 2021 |\n| 8 | [Madcap Moss](/wiki/Madcap_Moss \"Madcap Moss\") | [Finn Bálor](/wiki/Finn_B%C3%A1lor \"Finn Bálor\") | [38](/wiki/WrestleMania_38 \"WrestleMania 38\") | [Dallas](/wiki/Dallas \"Dallas\"), [Texas](/wiki/Texas \"Texas\") | April 1, 2022 |\n| 9 | [Bobby Lashley](/wiki/Bobby_Lashley \"Bobby Lashley\") | [Bronson Reed](/wiki/Bronson_Reed \"Bronson Reed\") | [39](/wiki/WrestleMania_39 \"WrestleMania 39\") | [Los Angeles](/wiki/Los_Angeles \"Los Angeles\"), [California](/wiki/California \"California\") | March 31, 2023 |\n| 10 | [Bronson Reed](/wiki/Bronson_Reed \"Bronson Reed\") | [Ivar](/wiki/Ivar_%28wrestler%29 \"Ivar (wrestler)\") | [XL](/wiki/WrestleMania_XL \"WrestleMania XL\") | [Philadelphia, Pennsylvania](/wiki/Philadelphia%2C_Pennsylvania \"Philadelphia, Pennsylvania\") | April 5, 2024 |\n\n",
"Participants\n------------\n\n[thumb\\|175px\\|[Cesaro](/wiki/Claudio_Castagnoli \"Claudio Castagnoli\") was the winner of the inaugural battle royal at [WrestleMania XXX](/wiki/WrestleMania_XXX \"WrestleMania XXX\") in 2014](/wiki/File:Cesaro_Andre_the_Giant_trophy.jpg \"Cesaro Andre the Giant trophy.jpg\")\n[right\\|thumb\\|175px\\|[Big Show](/wiki/Big_Show \"Big Show\") was the 2015 winner at [WrestleMania 31](/wiki/WrestleMania_31 \"WrestleMania 31\")](/wiki/File:Big_Show_with_Andre_the_Giant_trophy.jpg \"Big Show with Andre the Giant trophy.jpg\")\n[thumb\\|175px\\|[Baron Corbin](/wiki/Baron_Corbin \"Baron Corbin\") was the 2016 winner at [WrestleMania 32](/wiki/WrestleMania_32 \"WrestleMania 32\")](/wiki/File:Baron_Corbin_with_Andr%C3%A9_the_Giant_trophy.jpg \"Baron Corbin with André the Giant trophy.jpg\")\n[thumb\\|175px\\|[Mojo Rawley](/wiki/Mojo_Rawley \"Mojo Rawley\") was the 2017 winner at [WrestleMania 33](/wiki/WrestleMania_33 \"WrestleMania 33\")](/wiki/File:Mojo_Rawley_in_December_2016.jpg \"Mojo Rawley in December 2016.jpg\")\n[thumb\\|175px\\|[Matt Hardy](/wiki/Matt_Hardy \"Matt Hardy\") (left) was the 2018 winner at [WrestleMania 34](/wiki/WrestleMania_34 \"WrestleMania 34\"), shown here with [Bray Wyatt](/wiki/Bray_Wyatt \"Bray Wyatt\") (right) following his win at the event; Wyatt helped Hardy win the match](/wiki/File:Hardy_and_Wyatt_WM34.jpg \"Hardy and Wyatt WM34.jpg\")\n[thumb\\|175px\\|[Braun Strowman](/wiki/Braun_Strowman \"Braun Strowman\") was the 2019 winner at [WrestleMania 35](/wiki/WrestleMania_35 \"WrestleMania 35\")](/wiki/File:Braun_Strowman_in_September_2016.jpg \"Braun Strowman in September 2016.jpg\")\n[thumb\\|175px\\|[Jey Uso](/wiki/Jey_Uso \"Jey Uso\") was the 2021 winner on the special *[WrestleMania SmackDown](/wiki/WWE_SmackDown \"WWE SmackDown\")* during [WrestleMania 37](/wiki/WrestleMania_37 \"WrestleMania 37\") weekend](/wiki/File:Jey_Uso_in_2023.jpeg \"Jey Uso in 2023.jpeg\")\n[thumb\\|175px\\|[Madcap Moss](/wiki/Madcap_Moss \"Madcap Moss\") was the 2022 winner on the special *[WrestleMania SmackDown](/wiki/WWE_SmackDown \"WWE SmackDown\")* during [WrestleMania 38](/wiki/WrestleMania_38 \"WrestleMania 38\") weekend](/wiki/File:Moss_Axxess_2018.jpg \"Moss Axxess 2018.jpg\")\n[thumb\\|175px\\|[Bobby Lashley](/wiki/Bobby_Lashley \"Bobby Lashley\") was the 2023 winner on the special *[WrestleMania SmackDown](/wiki/WWE_SmackDown \"WWE SmackDown\")* during [WrestleMania 39](/wiki/WrestleMania_39 \"WrestleMania 39\") weekend](/wiki/File:Bobby_Lashley_at_Slammiversary_XV.jpg \"Bobby Lashley at Slammiversary XV.jpg\")\n\n| Participants | [XXX](/wiki/WrestleMania_XXX \"WrestleMania XXX\") | [31](/wiki/WrestleMania_31 \"WrestleMania 31\") | [32](/wiki/WrestleMania_32 \"WrestleMania 32\") | [33](/wiki/WrestleMania_33 \"WrestleMania 33\") | [34](/wiki/WrestleMania_34 \"WrestleMania 34\") | [35](/wiki/WrestleMania_35 \"WrestleMania 35\") | [37](/wiki/WrestleMania_37 \"WrestleMania 37\") | [38](/wiki/WrestleMania_38 \"WrestleMania 38\") | [39](/wiki/WrestleMania_39 \"WrestleMania 39\") | [XL](/wiki/WrestleMania_XL \"WrestleMania XL\") | Total |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [Adam Rose](/wiki/Adam_Rose \"Adam Rose\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Aiden English](/wiki/Aiden_English \"Aiden English\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Akira Tozawa](/wiki/Akira_Tozawa \"Akira Tozawa\") | | | | | | | | | | | 3 |\n| [Alberto Del Rio](/wiki/Alberto_Del_Rio \"Alberto Del Rio\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Alex Riley](/wiki/Alex_Riley \"Alex Riley\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Andrade](/wiki/Andrade_El_Idolo \"Andrade El Idolo\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Angel Garza/Angel](/wiki/Angel_Garza \"Angel Garza\") | | | | | | | | | | | 3 |\n| [Angelo Dawkins](/wiki/Angelo_Dawkins \"Angelo Dawkins\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Apollo Crews](/wiki/Apollo_Crews \"Apollo Crews\") | | | | | | | | | | | 5 |\n| [Ashante \"Thee\" Adonis](/wiki/Ashante_%22Thee%22_Adonis \"Ashante \") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Baron Corbin/King Corbin](/wiki/Baron_Corbin \"Baron Corbin\") | | | | | | | | | | | 4 |\n| [Big E](/wiki/Big_E_%28wrestler%29 \"Big E (wrestler)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Big Show](/wiki/Big_Show \"Big Show\") | | | | | | | | | | | 4 |\n| [Bo Dallas](/wiki/Bo_Dallas \"Bo Dallas\") | | | | | | | | | | | 5 |\n| [Bobby Lashley](/wiki/Bobby_Lashley \"Bobby Lashley\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Bobby Roode/Robert Roode](/wiki/Bobby_Roode \"Bobby Roode\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Brad Maddox](/wiki/Brad_Maddox \"Brad Maddox\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Braun Strowman](/wiki/Braun_Strowman \"Braun Strowman\") | | | | | | | | | | | 3 |\n| [Brodus Clay](/wiki/Brodus_Clay \"Brodus Clay\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Bronson Reed](/wiki/Bronson_Reed \"Bronson Reed\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Brutus Creed](/wiki/Creed_Brothers \"Creed Brothers\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Butch](/wiki/Pete_Dunne \"Pete Dunne\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Cameron Grimes](/wiki/Cameron_Grimes \"Cameron Grimes\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Cedric Alexander](/wiki/Cedric_Alexander \"Cedric Alexander\") | | | | | | | | | | | 4 |\n| [Cesaro](/wiki/Claudio_Castagnoli \"Claudio Castagnoli\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Chad Gable](/wiki/Chad_Gable \"Chad Gable\") | | | | | | | | | | | 3 |\n| [Cody Rhodes](/wiki/Cody_Rhodes \"Cody Rhodes\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Colin Jost](/wiki/Colin_Jost \"Colin Jost\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Commander Azeez](/wiki/Commander_Azeez \"Commander Azeez\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Cruz Del Toro](/wiki/Cruz_Del_Toro \"Cruz Del Toro\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Curt Hawkins](/wiki/Curt_Hawkins \"Curt Hawkins\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Curtis Axel](/wiki/Curtis_Axel \"Curtis Axel\") | | | | | | | | | | | 5 |\n| [Damian Priest](/wiki/Damian_Priest \"Damian Priest\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Damien Sandow/Damien Mizdow](/wiki/Aron_Stevens \"Aron Stevens\") | | | | | | | | | | | 3 |\n| [Darren Young](/wiki/Darren_Young \"Darren Young\") | | | | | | | | | | | 3 |\n| [Dash Wilder](/wiki/Dash_Wilder \"Dash Wilder\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [David Otunga](/wiki/David_Otunga \"David Otunga\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Dexter Lumis](/wiki/Dexter_Lumis \"Dexter Lumis\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Diamond Dallas Page](/wiki/Diamond_Dallas_Page \"Diamond Dallas Page\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Dolph Ziggler](/wiki/Dolph_Ziggler \"Dolph Ziggler\") | | | | | | | | | | | 5 |\n| [Drew Gulak](/wiki/Drew_Gulak \"Drew Gulak\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Drew McIntyre](/wiki/Drew_McIntyre \"Drew McIntyre\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [EC3](/wiki/Ethan_Carter_III \"Ethan Carter III\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Elias](/wiki/Elias_%28wrestler%29 \"Elias (wrestler)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Elton Prince](/wiki/Pretty_Deadly_%28professional_wrestling%29 \"Pretty Deadly (professional wrestling)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Epico Colón/Fernando](/wiki/Epico_Col%C3%B3n \"Epico Colón\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Erick Rowan](/wiki/Erick_Rowan \"Erick Rowan\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Erik](/wiki/Erik_%28wrestler%29 \"Erik (wrestler)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Fandango](/wiki/Fandango_%28wrestler%29 \"Fandango (wrestler)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 5 |\n| [Finn Bálor](/wiki/Finn_B%C3%A1lor \"Finn Bálor\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Goldust](/wiki/Goldust \"Goldust\") | | | | | | | | | | | 5 |\n| [Gran Metalik](/wiki/Gran_Metalik \"Gran Metalik\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [The Great Khali](/wiki/The_Great_Khali \"The Great Khali\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Heath Slater](/wiki/Heath_Slater \"Heath Slater\") | | | | | | | | | | | 6 |\n| [Hideo Itami](/wiki/Hideo_Itami \"Hideo Itami\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Humberto Carrillo/Humberto/Berto](/wiki/Humberto_Carrillo \"Humberto Carrillo\") | | | | | | | | | | | 3 |\n| [Ivar](/wiki/Ivar_%28wrestler%29 \"Ivar (wrestler)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 3 |\n| [Jack Swagger](/wiki/Jack_Swagger \"Jack Swagger\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Jason Jordan](/wiki/Jason_Jordan \"Jason Jordan\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Jaxson Ryker](/wiki/Jaxson_Ryker \"Jaxson Ryker\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [JD McDonagh](/wiki/JD_McDonagh \"JD McDonagh\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Jeff Hardy](/wiki/Jeff_Hardy \"Jeff Hardy\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Jey Uso](/wiki/Jey_Uso \"Jey Uso\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Jimmy Uso](/wiki/Jimmy_Uso \"Jimmy Uso\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Jinder Mahal](/wiki/Jinder_Mahal \"Jinder Mahal\") | | | | | | | | | | | 5 |\n| [Joaquin Wilde](/wiki/Joaquin_Wilde \"Joaquin Wilde\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Johnny Gargano](/wiki/Johnny_Gargano \"Johnny Gargano\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Julius Creed](/wiki/Creed_Brothers \"Creed Brothers\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Justin Gabriel](/wiki/Justin_Gabriel \"Justin Gabriel\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Kalisto](/wiki/Kalisto_%28wrestler%29 \"Kalisto (wrestler)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 3 |\n| [Kane](/wiki/Kane_%28wrestler%29 \"Kane (wrestler)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 3 |\n| [Karl Anderson](/wiki/Karl_Anderson \"Karl Anderson\") | | | | | | | | | | | 4 |\n| [Karrion Kross](/wiki/Karrion_Kross \"Karrion Kross\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Killian Dain](/wiki/Killian_Dain \"Killian Dain\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Kit Wilson](/wiki/Pretty_Deadly_%28professional_wrestling%29 \"Pretty Deadly (professional wrestling)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Kofi Kingston](/wiki/Kofi_Kingston \"Kofi Kingston\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Konnor](/wiki/Konnor_%28wrestler%29 \"Konnor (wrestler)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 5 |\n| [LA Knight](/wiki/LA_Knight \"LA Knight\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Lince Dorado](/wiki/Lince_Dorado \"Lince Dorado\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Luke Gallows](/wiki/Luke_Gallows \"Luke Gallows\") | | | | | | | | | | | 4 |\n| [Luke Harper](/wiki/Luke_Harper \"Luke Harper\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Mace/ma.çé](/wiki/Mace_%28wrestler%29 \"Mace (wrestler)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Madcap Moss](/wiki/Madcap_Moss \"Madcap Moss\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Mansoor/mån.sôör](/wiki/Mansoor_%28wrestler%29 \"Mansoor (wrestler)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Mark Henry](/wiki/Mark_Henry \"Mark Henry\") | | | | | | | | | | | 4 |\n| [Matt Hardy](/wiki/Matt_Hardy \"Matt Hardy\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Michael Che](/wiki/Michael_Che \"Michael Che\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Mike Kanellis](/wiki/Mike_Kanellis \"Mike Kanellis\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [The Miz](/wiki/The_Miz \"The Miz\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Mojo Rawley](/wiki/Mojo_Rawley \"Mojo Rawley\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Murphy](/wiki/Buddy_Matthews \"Buddy Matthews\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Mustafa Ali/Ali](/wiki/Mustafa_Ali \"Mustafa Ali\") | | | | | | | | | | | 3 |\n| [No Way Jose](/wiki/No_Way_Jose_%28wrestler%29 \"No Way Jose (wrestler)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Omos](/wiki/Omos \"Omos\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Otis](/wiki/Otis_%28wrestler%29 \"Otis (wrestler)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 3 |\n| [Primo Colón/Diego](/wiki/Primo_Col%C3%B3n \"Primo Colón\") | | | | | | | | | | | 3 |\n| [R\\-Truth](/wiki/R-Truth \"R-Truth\") | | | | | | | | | | | 5 |\n| [Reggie](/wiki/Reggie_%28wrestler%29 \"Reggie (wrestler)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Rey Mysterio](/wiki/Rey_Mysterio \"Rey Mysterio\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Rhyno](/wiki/Rhyno \"Rhyno\") | | | | | | | | | | | 3 |\n| [Rick Boogs](/wiki/Rick_Boogs \"Rick Boogs\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Ricochet](/wiki/Ricochet_%28wrestler%29 \"Ricochet (wrestler)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Ridge Holland](/wiki/Ridge_Holland \"Ridge Holland\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Ryback](/wiki/Ryback \"Ryback\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Sami Zayn](/wiki/Sami_Zayn \"Sami Zayn\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Sanga](/wiki/Saurav_Gurjar \"Saurav Gurjar\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Santino Marella](/wiki/Santino_Marella \"Santino Marella\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Santos Escobar](/wiki/Santos_Escobar \"Santos Escobar\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Scott Dawson](/wiki/Dax_Harwood \"Dax Harwood\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Shanky](/wiki/Dilsher_Shanky \"Dilsher Shanky\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Shaquille O'Neal](/wiki/Shaquille_O%27Neal \"Shaquille O'Neal\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Sheamus](/wiki/Sheamus \"Sheamus\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Shelton Benjamin](/wiki/Shelton_Benjamin \"Shelton Benjamin\") | | | | | | | | | | | 5 |\n| [Shinsuke Nakamura](/wiki/Shinsuke_Nakamura \"Shinsuke Nakamura\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Simon Gotch](/wiki/Simon_Gotch \"Simon Gotch\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Sin Cara](/wiki/Sin_Cara \"Sin Cara\") | | | | | | | | | | | 4 |\n| [Slapjack](/wiki/Shane_Thorne \"Shane Thorne\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [T\\-Bar](/wiki/Dijak_%28wrestler%29 \"Dijak (wrestler)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Tatanka](/wiki/Tatanka_%28wrestler%29 \"Tatanka (wrestler)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Tian Bing](/wiki/Tian_Bing \"Tian Bing\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Titus O'Neil](/wiki/Titus_O%27Neil \"Titus O'Neil\") | | | | | | | | | | | 5 |\n| [Tommaso Ciampa](/wiki/Tommaso_Ciampa \"Tommaso Ciampa\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Top Dolla](/wiki/Top_Dolla \"Top Dolla\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Tucker](/wiki/Tucker_%28American_wrestler%29 \"Tucker (American wrestler)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Tye Dillinger](/wiki/Tye_Dillinger \"Tye Dillinger\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Tyler Breeze](/wiki/Tyler_Breeze \"Tyler Breeze\") | | | | | | | | | | | 4 |\n| [Tyson Kidd](/wiki/Tyson_Kidd \"Tyson Kidd\") | | | | | | | | | | | 2 |\n| [Veer](/wiki/Rinku_Singh_%28baseball%29 \"Rinku Singh (baseball)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Viktor](/wiki/Viktor_%28wrestler%29 \"Viktor (wrestler)\") | | | | | | | | | | | 5 |\n| [Xavier Woods](/wiki/Xavier_Woods \"Xavier Woods\") | | | | | | | | | | | 3 |\n| [Yoshi Tatsu](/wiki/Yoshi_Tatsu \"Yoshi Tatsu\") | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |\n| [Zack Ryder](/wiki/Zack_Ryder \"Zack Ryder\") | | | | | | | | | | | 3 |\n\n",
"Notes\n-----\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:WrestleMania](/wiki/Category:WrestleMania \"WrestleMania\")\n[Category:Recurring events established in 2014](/wiki/Category:Recurring_events_established_in_2014 \"Recurring events established in 2014\")\n[Category:Professional wrestling battle royales](/wiki/Category:Professional_wrestling_battle_royales \"Professional wrestling battle royales\")\n[Category:André the Giant](/wiki/Category:Andr%C3%A9_the_Giant \"André the Giant\")\n\n"
]
} |
Athletics at the Friendship Games – Men's 4 × 100 metres relay | {
"id": [
753665
],
"name": [
"Ser Amantio di Nicolao"
]
} | 0ygnq260owzbfqcc0rpypgpxqtg4a3x | 2022-03-19T17:25:49Z | 1,025,853,450 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Results",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **men's 4 × 100 metres relay** event at the [Friendship Games](/wiki/Athletics_at_the_Friendship_Games \"Athletics at the Friendship Games\") was held on 17 August 1984 at the [Grand Arena of the Central Lenin Stadium](/wiki/Grand_Arena_of_the_Central_Lenin_Stadium \"Grand Arena of the Central Lenin Stadium\") in [Moscow](/wiki/Moscow \"Moscow\"), [Soviet Union](/wiki/Soviet_Union \"Soviet Union\").\n\n",
"Results\n-------\n\n| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| | | [Aleksandr Yevgenyev](/wiki/Aleksandr_Yevgenyev \"Aleksandr Yevgenyev\"), [Sergey Sokolov](/wiki/Sergey_Sokolov_%28athlete%29 \"Sergey Sokolov (athlete)\"), [Vladimir Muravyov](/wiki/Vladimir_Muravyov_%28athlete%29 \"Vladimir Muravyov (athlete)\"), [Nikolay Sidorov](/wiki/Nikolay_Sidorov \"Nikolay Sidorov\") | 38\\.32 | |\n| | | [Tomás González](/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_Gonz%C3%A1lez_%28sprinter%29 \"Tomás González (sprinter)\"), [Leandro Peñalver](/wiki/Leandro_Pe%C3%B1alver \"Leandro Peñalver\"), [Silvio Leonard](/wiki/Silvio_Leonard \"Silvio Leonard\"), [Osvaldo Lara](/wiki/Osvaldo_Lara \"Osvaldo Lara\") | 38\\.79 | |\n| | | [Krzysztof Zwoliński](/wiki/Krzysztof_Zwoli%C5%84ski \"Krzysztof Zwoliński\"), [Marian Woronin](/wiki/Marian_Woronin \"Marian Woronin\"), [Czesław Prądzyński](/wiki/Czes%C5%82aw_Pr%C4%85dzy%C5%84ski \"Czesław Prądzyński\"), [Arkadiusz Janiak](/wiki/Arkadiusz_Janiak \"Arkadiusz Janiak\") | 38\\.81 | |\n| 4 | | [Josef Lomický](/wiki/Josef_Lomick%C3%BD \"Josef Lomický\"), [František Ptáčník](/wiki/Franti%C5%A1ek_Pt%C3%A1%C4%8Dn%C3%ADk \"František Ptáčník\"), [Miroslav Púchovský](/wiki/Miroslav_P%C3%BAchovsk%C3%BD \"Miroslav Púchovský\"), [František Břečka](/wiki/Franti%C5%A1ek_B%C5%99e%C4%8Dka \"František Břečka\") | 39\\.14 | |\n| 5 | | [Ferenc Kiss](/wiki/Ferenc_Kiss_%28athlete%29 \"Ferenc Kiss (athlete)\"), [Endre Havas](/wiki/Endre_Havas \"Endre Havas\"), [István Tatár](/wiki/Istv%C3%A1n_Tat%C3%A1r \"István Tatár\"), [Attila Kovács](/wiki/Attila_Kov%C3%A1cs_%28athlete%29 \"Attila Kovács (athlete)\") | 39\\.21 | |\n| 6 | | [Krasimir Sarbakov](/wiki/Krasimir_Sarbakov \"Krasimir Sarbakov\"), [Valentin Atanasov](/wiki/Valentin_Atanasov \"Valentin Atanasov\"), [Bogomil Karadimov](/wiki/Bogomil_Karadimov \"Bogomil Karadimov\"), [Nikolay Markov](/wiki/Nikolay_Markov_%28athlete%29 \"Nikolay Markov (athlete)\") | 39\\.44 | |\n| 7 | | G. Hassuna, N. Salim, A. Zakir, S. Ali | 44\\.48 | |\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Athletics at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Men's 4 × 100 metres relay](/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay \"Athletics at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Men's 4 × 100 metres relay\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Athletics at the Friendship Games](/wiki/Category:Athletics_at_the_Friendship_Games \"Athletics at the Friendship Games\")\n[Friendship Games](/wiki/Category:4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay \"4 × 100 metres relay\")\n\n"
]
} |
Matuxia | {
"id": [
19691760
],
"name": [
"Loopy30"
]
} | spidinkvgnp70x1c4q0dydnz2r35132 | 2021-11-20T00:21:09Z | 1,011,415,039 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Description",
"Etymology",
"Species",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Matuxia*** is a [genus](/wiki/Genus \"Genus\") of [land planarians](/wiki/Land_planarian \"Land planarian\") from Brazil.\n\n",
"Description\n-----------\n\nThe genus *Matuxia* is characterized by having a slender body with nearly parallel margins, reaching up to 12 cm in length, and being slightly convex on both dorsal and ventral sides. The eyes are arranged along the body margins, not occupying the dorsum. The [copulatory apparatus](/wiki/Reproductive_system_of_planarians \"Reproductive system of planarians\") has an apparent penis papilla, a structure similar to a true penis papilla, but having an ejaculatory cavity instead of an ejaculatory duct. The female cavity is rounded and filled with a multilayered [epithelium](/wiki/Epithelium \"Epithelium\").\n\n",
"Etymology\n---------\n\n*Matuxia* is a [portmanteau](/wiki/Portmanteau \"Portmanteau\") of the specific epithets of the two first species of the genus to be described, *matuta* and *tuxaua*, and the first name of [Eudóxia Maria Froehlich](/wiki/Eud%C3%B3xia_Maria_Froehlich \"Eudóxia Maria Froehlich\"), who described both *M. matuta* and *M. tuxaua*.\n\n",
"Species\n-------\n\nThere are three species assigned to the genus *Matuxia*:\n* *[Matuxia matuta](/wiki/Matuxia_matuta \"Matuxia matuta\")* (E. M. Froehlich, 1955\\)\n* *[Matuxia tuxaua](/wiki/Matuxia_tuxaua \"Matuxia tuxaua\")* (E. M. Froehlich, 1955\\)\n* *[Matuxia tymbyra](/wiki/Matuxia_tymbyra \"Matuxia tymbyra\")* Rossi \\& Leal\\-Zanchet, 2019\n\n \n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Geoplanidae](/wiki/Category:Geoplanidae \"Geoplanidae\")\n[Category:Rhabditophora genera](/wiki/Category:Rhabditophora_genera \"Rhabditophora genera\")\n\n"
]
} |
Fiddlers Three (TV series) | {
"id": [
4626582
],
"name": [
"Fuddle"
]
} | cagexn6y5dxvkanmv5fqffmtgyso583 | 2024-09-30T01:55:10Z | 1,204,037,696 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Cast",
"Episodes",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Fiddlers Three*** is a [British sitcom](/wiki/British_sitcom \"British sitcom\") series produced by [Yorkshire Television](/wiki/ITV_Yorkshire \"ITV Yorkshire\") for [ITV](/wiki/ITV_%28TV_network%29 \"ITV (TV network)\") which ran for 14 episodes from 19 February to 21 May 1991\\. Written by [Eric Chappell](/wiki/Eric_Chappell \"Eric Chappell\") and directed by Graham Wetherell, it stars [Peter Davison](/wiki/Peter_Davison \"Peter Davison\") as Ralph West, [Paula Wilcox](/wiki/Paula_Wilcox \"Paula Wilcox\") as Ros West, [Charles Kay](/wiki/Charles_Kay \"Charles Kay\") as J.J. Morley, [Peter Blake](/wiki/Peter_Blake_%28actor%29 \"Peter Blake (actor)\") as Harvey, [Tyler Butterworth](/wiki/Tyler_Butterworth \"Tyler Butterworth\") as Osborne and Cindy Marshall\\-Day as Norma.\n\nThe sitcom is about office politics in an accounts department in [Wakefield](/wiki/Wakefield \"Wakefield\"), [West Yorkshire](/wiki/West_Yorkshire \"West Yorkshire\").\n\nIt is a remake of Chappell's earliest sitcom, *[The Squirrels](/wiki/The_Squirrels_%28TV_series%29 \"The Squirrels (TV series)\")*, broadcast from 1974 to 1977, excluding the scripts written by other writers.\n\n",
"Cast\n----\n\n* [Peter Davison](/wiki/Peter_Davison \"Peter Davison\") as Ralph West\n* [Paula Wilcox](/wiki/Paula_Wilcox \"Paula Wilcox\") as Ros West\n* [Charles Kay](/wiki/Charles_Kay \"Charles Kay\") as J.J. Morley\n* [Peter Blake](/wiki/Peter_Blake_%28actor%29 \"Peter Blake (actor)\") as Harvey\n* [Tyler Butterworth](/wiki/Tyler_Butterworth \"Tyler Butterworth\") as Osborne\n* Cindy Marshall\\-Day as Norma\n",
"Episodes\n--------\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1991 British television series debuts](/wiki/Category:1991_British_television_series_debuts \"1991 British television series debuts\")\n[Category:1991 British television series endings](/wiki/Category:1991_British_television_series_endings \"1991 British television series endings\")\n[Category:1990s British sitcoms](/wiki/Category:1990s_British_sitcoms \"1990s British sitcoms\")\n[Category:1990s British workplace comedy television series](/wiki/Category:1990s_British_workplace_comedy_television_series \"1990s British workplace comedy television series\")\n[Category:ITV sitcoms](/wiki/Category:ITV_sitcoms \"ITV sitcoms\")\n[Category:Television series by ITV Studios](/wiki/Category:Television_series_by_ITV_Studios \"Television series by ITV Studios\")\n[Category:Television series by Yorkshire Television](/wiki/Category:Television_series_by_Yorkshire_Television \"Television series by Yorkshire Television\")\n[Category:British English\\-language television shows](/wiki/Category:British_English-language_television_shows \"British English-language television shows\")\n[Category:Television shows set in Wakefield](/wiki/Category:Television_shows_set_in_Wakefield \"Television shows set in Wakefield\")\n[Category:Television shows set in West Yorkshire](/wiki/Category:Television_shows_set_in_West_Yorkshire \"Television shows set in West Yorkshire\")\n[Category:1980s British workplace comedy television series](/wiki/Category:1980s_British_workplace_comedy_television_series \"1980s British workplace comedy television series\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Inodrillia acloneta | {
"id": [
1398
],
"name": [
"William Avery"
]
} | j3uqmimzm9f08xajnvfgnsqlmlfknt6 | 2024-02-25T09:13:18Z | 1,010,115,749 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Description",
"Distribution",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Inodrillia acloneta*** is a [species](/wiki/Species \"Species\") of [sea snail](/wiki/Sea_snail \"Sea snail\"), a marine [gastropod](/wiki/Gastropod \"Gastropod\") [mollusk](/wiki/Mollusk \"Mollusk\") in the [family](/wiki/Family_%28biology%29 \"Family (biology)\") [Horaiclavidae](/wiki/Horaiclavidae \"Horaiclavidae\").\n\nIt was previously included within the family [Drilliidae](/wiki/Drilliidae \"Drilliidae\") and then in [Turridae](/wiki/Turridae \"Turridae\").Rosenberg, G. (2015\\). Inodrillia acloneta (Dall, 1889\\). In: MolluscaBase (2015\\). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at [http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p\\=taxdetails\\&id\\=532928](http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=532928) on 2017\\-01\\-31\n\n",
"Description\n-----------\n\nThe length of the shell attains 12 mm.\n\n(Original description) This species, recognizable by its large blunt tip and brownish livid streaks or tint, is notably variable. The variety which I have called *acloneta* is totally without ribs, and for this reason the fasciole is less apparent.[Dall W.H. 1889\\. Reports on the results of dredging, under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Gulf of Mexico (1877–78\\) and in the Caribbean Sea (1879–80\\), by the U.S. Coast Survey Steamer \"Blake\", Lieut.\\-Commander C.D. Sigsbee, U.S.N., and Commander J.R. Bartlett, U.S.N., commanding. XXIX. Report on the Mollusca. Part 2, Gastropoda and Scaphopoda. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy at Harvard College, 18: 1–492, pls. 10–40](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/25505)\n\n",
"Distribution\n------------\n\nThis marine species occurs off the [Florida Keys](/wiki/Florida_Keys \"Florida Keys\"), USA, Martinique; the Mid\\-Atlantic Ridge\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Rosenberg G., Moretzsohn F. \\& García E. F. (2009\\). *Gastropoda (Mollusca) of the Gulf of Mexico*, Pp. 579–699 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A\\&M Press, College Station, Texas](https://web.archive.org/web/20160807014801/http://biogomx.org/sites/default/files/pdfs/chapters/33-Rosenberg%20et%20al%202009-Gastropoda%20of%20the%20GoMx.pdf)\n* [Tucker, J.K. 2004 *Catalog of recent and fossil turrids (Mollusca: Gastropoda)*. Zootaxa 682:1–1295\\.](http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2004f/z00682f.pdf)\n[acloneta](/wiki/Category:Inodrillia \"Inodrillia\")\n[Category:Gastropods described in 1889](/wiki/Category:Gastropods_described_in_1889 \"Gastropods described in 1889\")\n\n"
]
} |
Tio Tek Ho | {
"id": [
44127043
],
"name": [
"Atremari"
]
} | dbktjvhis5uc5d9fhlh6fqvkscg6492 | 2024-03-11T11:58:06Z | 1,169,533,991 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Family background and business life",
"Bureaucratic career",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Tio Tek Ho, 4th Majoor der Chinezen** (; 1857 \\- 1908\\) was an ethnic Chinese bureaucrat in the Dutch East Indies who served as the fourth and penultimate *[Majoor der Chinezen](/wiki/List_of_Kapitan_Cina \"List of Kapitan Cina\")* or Chinese headman of [Batavia](/wiki/Batavia%2C_Dutch_East_Indies \"Batavia, Dutch East Indies\"), now [Jakarta](/wiki/Jakarta \"Jakarta\"), capital of [Indonesia](/wiki/Indonesia \"Indonesia\"). This was the most senior position in the Chinese officership, which constituted the Chinese arm of the civil bureaucracy in the [Dutch East Indies](/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies \"Dutch East Indies\"). As Majoor, Tio was also the *[ex officio](/wiki/Ex_officio \"Ex officio\")* Chairman of the [Chinese Council](/wiki/Kong_Koan \"Kong Koan\") of Batavia ([Dutch](/wiki/Dutch_language \"Dutch language\"): *Chinese Raad*; [Bahasa Indonesia](/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia \"Bahasa Indonesia\"): *Kong Koan*), the city's highest Chinese government body.\n\nTio's tenure saw the founding of the influential, reformist Confucian organisation [Tiong Hoa Hwee Koan](/wiki/Tiong_Hoa_Hwee_Koan \"Tiong Hoa Hwee Koan\") in 1900, with which he had an uneasy relationship despite officially extending his mayoral patronage to the group. This was part of a broader modernising movement in the local Chinese community, which questioned the role of the traditional Chinese leadership and institutions in colonial Indonesia.\n\n",
"Family background and business life\n-----------------------------------\n\n[left\\|thumb\\|Pasar Baroe in the late 19th century](/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_straat_in_de_Chinese_wijk_nabij_de_Pasar_Baroe_Noordwijk_Batavia._TMnr_60007539.jpg \"COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Een straat in de Chinese wijk nabij de Pasar Baroe Noordwijk Batavia. TMnr 60007539.jpg\")\n\nBorn in 1858 in the then prestigious district of [Pasar Baroe](/wiki/Pasar_Baru \"Pasar Baru\"), Batavia, Tio Tek Ho was a third\\-generation, locally\\-born [*Peranakan* Chinese](/wiki/Peranakan_Chinese \"Peranakan Chinese\"). He came from a long\\-established and wealthy family of merchants: both Tio's father [Tio Tjeng Soey](/wiki/Tio_Tjeng_Soey \"Tio Tjeng Soey\") and grandfather [Tio Him](/wiki/Tio_Him \"Tio Him\") were prominent businessmen in the Dutch colonial capital.\n\nAs director, Tio Tek Ho headed his late father's business, *Erven Tio Tjeng Soey*, which owned a notable, general trading store in Pasar Baroe. In addition, he also had other commercial interests, including in rice trading, pawn houses and a cement factory in [Angke](/wiki/Angke \"Angke\"), called *Ned\\-Ind. Cement\\-Onderneming Bintang*.\n\nThis business background differentiated Tio from his three mayoral predecessors, each of whom was a *landheer* (landlord) and either the son or son\\-in\\-law of a Chinese officer. The second half of the nineteenth century, however, saw the social ascent of the Tio family: they married into officer families and became part of the so\\-called '[Cabang Atas](/wiki/Cabang_Atas \"Cabang Atas\")' or the local Chinese gentry of colonial Indonesia.\n\nTio's uncle, Tio Tjeng Sioe, was married to Lie Loemoet Nio, a first cousin of his mayoral predecessor, [Lie Tjoe Hong, the third Majoor der Chinezen](/wiki/Lie_Tjoe_Hong \"Lie Tjoe Hong\") of Batavia (1846–1896\\). Tio's first cousin, Tio Biet Nio, was married to [Loa Tiang Hoei](/wiki/Loa_Tiang_Hoei \"Loa Tiang Hoei\"), Tio's predecessor in his earlier appointment as *Kapitein der Chinezen* of Pasar Baroe. Three of Tio's own siblings also married into the Cabang Atas.\n\nThe future Majoor's main family residence in Batavia, [Toko Kompak](/wiki/Toko_Kompak \"Toko Kompak\"), is a sumptuous testimony to his family's social ascent and prominence, and is now an important local landmark in Jakarta.\n\n",
"Bureaucratic career\n-------------------\n\nIn February 1886, Tio became the first in his family to be elevated to the Chinese officership with his appointment as a * der Chinezen*, the most junior rank in the officer hierarchy. In 1890, Tio was further raised to the post of Kapitein der Chinezen of Pasar Baroe and a member of the Chinese Council in succession to his cousin\\-in\\-law, Kapitein Loa Tiang Hoei.\n\nPart of Tio's role as a Chinese officer was not only to provide leadership to the local Chinese community, but also to represent them to other sections of colonial Indonesian society, especially the Dutch elite. In November 1892, for example, Kapitein Tio Tek Ho delivered a well\\-received talk on [Confucian philosophy](/wiki/Confucian_philosophy \"Confucian philosophy\") in 'onberispelijk Nederlandsch' ('flawless Dutch') to one of the [Masonic lodges in Batavia](/wiki/Freemasonry_in_Indonesia \"Freemasonry in Indonesia\"), 'de Ster in het Oosten' (the 'Star of the East'). In 1893, together with Kapitein Loa Tiang Hoei as president, Tio also became the secretary of a new foundation to manage the Kongsie Huis of Pasar Baroe, the district's oldest and most prestigious Chinese temple.\n\nTio's conduct as a member of the Chinese Council earned him the favour of the Dutch colonial authorities, in particular − according to the historian [Mona Lohanda](/wiki/Mona_Lohanda \"Mona Lohanda\") − because of his decision to distance himself from the Council's questionable land acquisitions under Majoor Lie Tjoe Hong. The previous Majoor, a landlord who owned extensive *particuliere landerijen* (private domains), used his influence to cajole the Council to purchase some of his landholdings. While most Chinese officers in the Council cowered and acquiesced in the Majoor's demand, Tio disassociated himself from these acquisitions.\n\n[thumb\\|left\\|Toko Kompak, formerly the family residence of Majoor Tio Tek Ho](/wiki/File:Toko_Kompak_Pasar_Baru.JPG \"Toko Kompak Pasar Baru.JPG\")\n\nIn July 1896, when Majoor Lie Tjoe Hong resigned, Kapitein Tio Tek Ho became a leading contender to the Chinese Mayoralty thanks to his uncompromising attitude in the land acquisition saga. By tradition, the Dutch colonial authorities would normally appoint as Majoor the longest\\-serving Kapitein der Chinezen in the Chinese Council, but most of the Council's members had been implicated in the outgoing Majoor's questionable behaviour. In October 1896, therefore, Tio was installed in office at the premises of the Chinese Council as the fourth and penultimate Majoor der Chinezen of Batavia. After the ceremony, the new Majoor hosted a reception at his residence in Pasar Baroe, and delivered a speech on good administration and governance.\n\nBy the start of the twentieth century, however, Majoor Tio Tek Ho was considered to be a conservative traditionalist by more progressive community leaders, the so\\-called *jong Chineesche partij* (the young Chinese party). This tension was managed by one of the progressive leaders, [Phoa Keng Hek](/wiki/Phoa_Keng_Hek \"Phoa Keng Hek\"), who tactfully requested Majoor Tio Tek Ho in 1900 to act as the ex\\-officio *Beschermheer* (or Patron) of the new modernising organisation [Tiong Hoa Hwee Koan](/wiki/Tiong_Hoa_Hwee_Koan \"Tiong Hoa Hwee Koan\") (THHK). The organisation sought to purify the practice of Confucianism in the Dutch East Indies, and to provide modern schools for the Chinese community. Majoor Tio Tek Ho accepted the position of Beschermheer of THHK, thus beginning the long association between the Chinese Mayoralty and the new organisation.\n\nThe writer [Kwee Tek Hoay](/wiki/Kwee_Tek_Hoay \"Kwee Tek Hoay\") highlights, however, that the underlying tension between the penultimate Majoor and THHK was finally exposed by a case of corruption within the Chinese Council in 1907\\. The executive board of THHK had earlier discovered some financial chicanery on the part of Nie Liang Soei, the Majoor's righthand man and Second Secretary of the Chinese Council. While the case only involved the small sum of 400 guilders, THHK reported it on principle to the colonial authorities, leading to the dismissal of Nie Liang Soei. The Majoor, who had requested a discharge due to old age a few months prior to the scandal, was not involved in the corruption, but ended his tenure in 1907 in what many viewed as rather shameful circumstances.\n\nSoon after his resignation, the former Majoor died in January 1908\\. He was succeeded eventually in 1910 by the son\\-in\\-law of the progressive Phoa Keng Hek, [Khouw Kim An](/wiki/Khouw_Kim_An \"Khouw Kim An\"), the fifth and last Majoor der Chinezen of Batavia.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1857 births](/wiki/Category:1857_births \"1857 births\")\n[Category:1908 deaths](/wiki/Category:1908_deaths \"1908 deaths\")\n[Category:People from Batavia, Dutch East Indies](/wiki/Category:People_from_Batavia%2C_Dutch_East_Indies \"People from Batavia, Dutch East Indies\")\n[Category:People from the Dutch East Indies](/wiki/Category:People_from_the_Dutch_East_Indies \"People from the Dutch East Indies\")\n\n[Category:Tio family of Pasar Baroe](/wiki/Category:Tio_family_of_Pasar_Baroe \"Tio family of Pasar Baroe\")\n\n"
]
} |
Fernando Aceves Humana | {
"id": [
27015025
],
"name": [
"InternetArchiveBot"
]
} | c9mqu9vs0jwatcyzxu1hkwzhliszi1b | 2021-12-27T13:45:11Z | 988,730,765 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Fernando Aceves Humana** is a Mexican painter with works in collections at the [Irish Museum of Modern Art](/wiki/Irish_Museum_of_Modern_Art \"Irish Museum of Modern Art\"), \n\\- the [Museum of Contemporary Art](/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Panama \"List of museums in Panama\") in Panama and the [Kunstmuseum Bern](/wiki/Kunstmuseum_Bern \"Kunstmuseum Bern\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n \n\n[Category:1969 births](/wiki/Category:1969_births \"1969 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Mexican painters](/wiki/Category:Mexican_painters \"Mexican painters\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Nuts for Love | {
"id": [
36112485
],
"name": [
"Sc2353"
]
} | j0oh2t4p24afit0gj4ryjt71eose4rr | 2023-04-03T02:56:45Z | 1,142,939,241 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Cast",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Nuts for Love*** () is a 2000 Argentine drama film, directed by [Alberto Lecchi](/wiki/Alberto_Lecchi \"Alberto Lecchi\").\n\n",
"Cast\n----\n\n* [Ariadna Gil](/wiki/Ariadna_Gil \"Ariadna Gil\") \\- Alicia\n* [Gastón Pauls](/wiki/Gast%C3%B3n_Pauls \"Gastón Pauls\") \\- Marcelo\n* \\- Alicia de joven / Cecilia\n* [Nicolás Pauls](/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Pauls \"Nicolás Pauls\") \\- Marcelo de joven\n* [Nancy Dupláa](/wiki/Nancy_Dupl%C3%A1a \"Nancy Dupláa\") \\- Claudia\n* [Gabriel Goity](/wiki/Gabriel_Goity \"Gabriel Goity\") \\- Médico\n* \\- Armando\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:2000 drama films](/wiki/Category:2000_drama_films \"2000 drama films\")\n[Category:2000 films](/wiki/Category:2000_films \"2000 films\")\n[Category:Films directed by Alberto Lecchi](/wiki/Category:Films_directed_by_Alberto_Lecchi \"Films directed by Alberto Lecchi\")\n[Category:Argentine drama films](/wiki/Category:Argentine_drama_films \"Argentine drama films\")\n[Category:2000s Argentine films](/wiki/Category:2000s_Argentine_films \"2000s Argentine films\")\n[Category:2000s Spanish\\-language films](/wiki/Category:2000s_Spanish-language_films \"2000s Spanish-language films\")\n[Category:Spanish\\-language drama films](/wiki/Category:Spanish-language_drama_films \"Spanish-language drama films\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Ajay Sarkar | {
"id": [
36387381
],
"name": [
"BilledMammal"
]
} | r2q4xffjhqw2timfagyjkzlo5v5shjy | 2024-03-07T01:29:38Z | 1,190,693,643 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Ajay Sarkar** (born 10 March 1997\\) is an Indian [cricketer](/wiki/Cricket \"Cricket\"). He made his [List A](/wiki/List_A_cricket \"List A cricket\") debut for [Tripura](/wiki/Tripura_cricket_team \"Tripura cricket team\") in the [2016–17 Vijay Hazare Trophy](/wiki/2016%E2%80%9317_Vijay_Hazare_Trophy \"2016–17 Vijay Hazare Trophy\") on 25 February 2017\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1997 births](/wiki/Category:1997_births \"1997 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:People from Agartala](/wiki/Category:People_from_Agartala \"People from Agartala\")\n[Category:Indian cricketers](/wiki/Category:Indian_cricketers \"Indian cricketers\")\n[Category:Tripura cricketers](/wiki/Category:Tripura_cricketers \"Tripura cricketers\")\n[Category:Cricketers from Tripura](/wiki/Category:Cricketers_from_Tripura \"Cricketers from Tripura\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Aamer Gul | {
"id": [
1261736
],
"name": [
"Red Director"
]
} | mb74mlg9o45k2lycsxvli6ayvmtj563 | 2020-02-05T23:45:22Z | 815,094,997 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Aamer Gul** (born 27 December 1974 in [Lahore](/wiki/Lahore \"Lahore\")) is a Pakistani former [first\\-class cricketer](/wiki/First-class_cricket \"First-class cricket\") active 1994–1998 who played for [Bahawalpur](/wiki/Bahawalpur_cricket_team \"Bahawalpur cricket team\"), [Lahore City](/wiki/Lahore_City_cricket_team \"Lahore City cricket team\") and [National Bank of Pakistan](/wiki/National_Bank_of_Pakistan_cricket_team \"National Bank of Pakistan cricket team\"). Aamer Gul was a right\\-handed [batsman](/wiki/Batting_%28cricket%29 \"Batting (cricket)\") and a right\\-arm [off break](/wiki/Off_break \"Off break\") [bowler](/wiki/Bowling_%28cricket%29 \"Bowling (cricket)\").[Aamer Gul at CricketArchive](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/18/18703/18703.html)[Aamer Gul at ESPNcricinfo](http://www.espncricinfo.com/pakistan/content/player/39051.html)\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1974 births](/wiki/Category:1974_births \"1974 births\")\n[Category:Pakistani cricketers](/wiki/Category:Pakistani_cricketers \"Pakistani cricketers\")\n[Category:Bahawalpur cricketers](/wiki/Category:Bahawalpur_cricketers \"Bahawalpur cricketers\")\n[Category:Lahore City cricketers](/wiki/Category:Lahore_City_cricketers \"Lahore City cricketers\")\n[Category:National Bank of Pakistan cricketers](/wiki/Category:National_Bank_of_Pakistan_cricketers \"National Bank of Pakistan cricketers\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n\n"
]
} |
General Aptitude Test Battery | {
"id": [
1862829
],
"name": [
"Magioladitis"
]
} | gbxjljmzlcwgnzoy8d58p9v2xdu1fye | 2024-05-13T07:48:33Z | 1,219,406,420 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"National Academy of Science review (1989)",
"GATB Race-Norming Controversy",
"Composition",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\nThe ***General Aptitude Test Battery*** (**GATB**) is a work\\-related [cognitive test](/wiki/Cognitive_test \"Cognitive test\") developed by the [U.S. Employment Service](/wiki/U.S._Employment_Service \"U.S. Employment Service\") (USES), a division of the [Department of Labor](/wiki/US_Department_of_Labor \"US Department of Labor\"). It has been extensively used to study the relationship between cognitive abilities, primarily [general intelligence](/wiki/G_factor_%28psychometrics%29 \"G factor (psychometrics)\"), and [job performance](/wiki/Job_performance \"Job performance\").\n\n",
"National Academy of Science review (1989\\)\n------------------------------------------\n\nThe test was extensively reviewed by the National Academy of Science in 1989 in the report *[Fairness in Employment Testing](/wiki/Fairness_in_Employment_Testing \"Fairness in Employment Testing\").*\n\nNAS concluded that the GATB is \"adequate in psycho\\-metric quality\", but that there were two problems if it was to be extensively used in practice. The first was that there were few alternate forms, which makes it likely that others will obtain a copy of the test and provide on\\-test training which decreases the validity. The second was that many of the tests were heavily speeded (timed), and that there were several easy to test strategies for increasing scores on speeded tests e.g. filling out the remaining items with random answers when one is running out of time. The report similarly examined questions of test bias (finding some bias in favor of Blacks), validity (finding lower validity, average r \\= .25 to .35, than reported elsewhere, and that this was primarily due to methodological differences).\n\n",
"GATB Race\\-Norming Controversy\n------------------------------\n\nBeginning in 1981 with little publicity, the United States Employment Service began \"[race\\-norming](/wiki/Race-norming \"Race-norming\")\" the reports of results of the GATB. The aim of this practice was to meet [affirmative\\-action](/wiki/Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States \"Affirmative action in the United States\") goals and to counteract alleged racial bias in [aptitude tests](/wiki/Aptitude_test \"Aptitude test\") administered to job applicants,. Race\\-norming was also applied to [neuropsychological tests](/wiki/Neuropsychological_test \"Neuropsychological test\"), to reduce the number of blacks theoretically misclassified as cognitively impaired.\n\nFor the GATB, USES did not report the raw test score of a candidate, but rather reported his/her score as a percentile of scores for test takers of the candidate's race. Thus, a black candidate scoring in the 42nd percentile of black test\\-takers had the same reported, race\\-normed score as a white candidate who had scored in the 42nd percentile of white test takers, even though the white candidate had a significantly higher raw score on the GATB. The race\\-norming process increased the reported scores of black and Hispanic candidates relative to their raw scores, while decreasing the reported scores of whites and Asians.\n\nThe race\\-norming in reported GATB individual results did not affect the demographic and statistical validity of the raw, unadjusted GATB scores.\n\nIn 1990\\-1991 this practice became more widely known. The public controversy over it resulted in such race\\-norming of employment testing being explicitly outlawed by the [Civil Rights Act of 1991](/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1991 \"Civil Rights Act of 1991\").\n\n",
"Composition\n-----------\n\nThe battery consists of a 12 tests which purport to measure 9 abilities or aptitudes:\n\n| Symbol | Name | Test(s) |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| G | [General Intelligence](/wiki/G_factor_%28psychometrics%29 \"G factor (psychometrics)\") | Vocabulary, Arithmetic Reasoning, Three Dimensional Space |\n| V | Verbal Aptitude | Vocabulary |\n| N | Numerical Aptitude | Computation, Arithmetic Reasoning |\n| S | Spatial Aptitude | Three Dimensional Space |\n| P | Form Perception | Tool Matching, Form Matching |\n| Q | Clerical\\-Perception | Name Comparison |\n| K | Motor Coordination | Mark Making |\n| F | Finger Dexterity | Assemble, Disassemble |\n| M | Manual Dexterity | Place, Turn |\n\n*(Table after Hunt 1983\\.)*\n\nThe abilities are also sometimes clustered into 3 groups: cognitive (G, V, N), perceptual (S, P, Q) and psychomotor (K, F, M).\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Cognitive tests](/wiki/Category:Cognitive_tests \"Cognitive tests\")\n[Category:United States Department of Labor](/wiki/Category:United_States_Department_of_Labor \"United States Department of Labor\")\n\n"
]
} |
George Holmes (musician) | {
"id": [
null
],
"name": [
"218.250.0.39"
]
} | 9cz26xv97fajrfw2zkpmfg2yguue579 | 2024-05-16T15:32:09Z | 1,216,815,111 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Biography",
"Works",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**George Holmes** (c. 1680 – 1720\\) was an English [organist](/wiki/Organist \"Organist\") and [composer](/wiki/Composer \"Composer\").\n\n",
"Biography\n---------\n\nHolmes was a chorister at [Durham Cathedral](/wiki/Durham_Cathedral \"Durham Cathedral\") from 1688 to 1694\\. He was domestic organist to the [Bishop of Durham](/wiki/Bishop_of_Durham \"Bishop of Durham\") afterwards, in 1698, and as successor to Thomas Allison, became organist of [Lincoln Cathedral](/wiki/Lincoln_Cathedral \"Lincoln Cathedral\") in 1704–5\\. In 1707 he was appointed there one of the [junior vicars](/wiki/Vicar_%28Anglicanism%29 \"Vicar (Anglicanism)\"); and also was master of the [Company of Ringers of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Lincoln](/wiki/Company_of_Ringers_of_the_Blessed_Virgin_Mary_of_Lincoln \"Company of Ringers of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Lincoln\"). Holmes died in [Lincoln](/wiki/Lincoln%2C_England \"Lincoln, England\") in 1720\\.\n\n",
"Works\n-----\n\nSeveral compositions of Holmes are preserved in the [British Library](/wiki/British_Library \"British Library\") and the [Cathedral Library in Lichfield](/wiki/Lichfield_Cathedral \"Lichfield Cathedral\"). They are considered to be \"among the best examples of English church music composed outside the Chapel Royal in the period immediately following [Purcell](/wiki/Henry_Purcell \"Henry Purcell\").\"\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [List of musicians at English cathedrals](/wiki/List_of_musicians_at_English_cathedrals \"List of musicians at English cathedrals\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1680s births](/wiki/Category:1680s_births \"1680s births\")\n[Category:1720 deaths](/wiki/Category:1720_deaths \"1720 deaths\")\n[Category:English organists](/wiki/Category:English_organists \"English organists\")\n[Category:English male organists](/wiki/Category:English_male_organists \"English male organists\")\n[Category:English Baroque composers](/wiki/Category:English_Baroque_composers \"English Baroque composers\")\n\n"
]
} |
Erigonoplus | {
"id": [
44292628
],
"name": [
"Kofi Meija"
]
} | styycc8077s1gpu0622bbc04xlb3wzt | 2024-10-06T07:14:38Z | 1,011,937,161 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Species",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n* + \n\n***Erigonoplus*** is a [genus](/wiki/Genus \"Genus\") of [dwarf spiders](/wiki/Linyphiidae \"Linyphiidae\") that was first described by [Eugène Louis Simon](/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Simon \"Eugène Simon\") in 1884\\.\n\n",
"Species\n-------\n\n, it contains twenty\\-four species:\n* *[Erigonoplus castellanus](/wiki/Erigonoplus_castellanus \"Erigonoplus castellanus\")* ([O. Pickard\\-Cambridge](/wiki/Octavius_Pickard-Cambridge \"Octavius Pickard-Cambridge\"), 1875\\) – Portugal, Spain\n* *[Erigonoplus depressifrons](/wiki/Erigonoplus_depressifrons \"Erigonoplus depressifrons\")* (Simon, 1884\\) – Spain, France\n* *[Erigonoplus dilatus](/wiki/Erigonoplus_dilatus \"Erigonoplus dilatus\")* (Denis, 1950\\) – Andorra\n* *[Erigonoplus foveatus](/wiki/Erigonoplus_foveatus \"Erigonoplus foveatus\")* ([Dahl](/wiki/Friedrich_Dahl \"Friedrich Dahl\"), 1912\\) – Europe, Russia (Europe, Caucasus)\n* *[Erigonoplus globipes](/wiki/Erigonoplus_globipes \"Erigonoplus globipes\")* ([L. Koch](/wiki/Ludwig_Carl_Christian_Koch \"Ludwig Carl Christian Koch\"), 1872\\) – Europe, Turkey, Armenia, Georgia\n* *[Erigonoplus ibericus](/wiki/Erigonoplus_ibericus \"Erigonoplus ibericus\")* Bosmans \\& Déjean, 2022 – Portugal, Spain\n* *[Erigonoplus inclarus](/wiki/Erigonoplus_inclarus \"Erigonoplus inclarus\")* (Simon, 1881\\) ([type](/wiki/Type_species \"Type species\")) – France (Corsica)\n* *[Erigonoplus inspinosus](/wiki/Erigonoplus_inspinosus \"Erigonoplus inspinosus\")* Wunderlich, 1995 – Greece\n* *[Erigonoplus jarmilae](/wiki/Erigonoplus_jarmilae \"Erigonoplus jarmilae\")* (Miller, 1943\\) – Austria, Czech Rep., Slovakia, Albania, Russia (Europe, Caucasus)\n* *[Erigonoplus justus](/wiki/Erigonoplus_justus \"Erigonoplus justus\")* (O. Pickard\\-Cambridge, 1875\\) – Belgium, France, Germany\n* *[Erigonoplus kirghizicus](/wiki/Erigonoplus_kirghizicus \"Erigonoplus kirghizicus\")* Tanasevitch, 1989 – Kazakhstan\n* *[Erigonoplus latefissus](/wiki/Erigonoplus_latefissus \"Erigonoplus latefissus\")* (Denis, 1968\\) – Morocco\n* *[Erigonoplus minaretifer](/wiki/Erigonoplus_minaretifer \"Erigonoplus minaretifer\")* Eskov, 1986 – Russia (Middle, north\\-eastern Siberia)\n* *[Erigonoplus nasutus](/wiki/Erigonoplus_nasutus \"Erigonoplus nasutus\")* (O. Pickard\\-Cambridge, 1879\\) – Portugal, France\n* *[Erigonoplus nigrocaeruleus](/wiki/Erigonoplus_nigrocaeruleus \"Erigonoplus nigrocaeruleus\")* (Simon, 1882\\) – France (Corsica), Italy (Sardinia, mainland)\n* *[Erigonoplus ninae](/wiki/Erigonoplus_ninae \"Erigonoplus ninae\")* Tanasevitch \\& Fet, 1986 – Turkmenistan, Iran\n* *[Erigonoplus nobilis](/wiki/Erigonoplus_nobilis \"Erigonoplus nobilis\")* Thaler, 1991 – Italy\n* *[Erigonoplus sengleti](/wiki/Erigonoplus_sengleti \"Erigonoplus sengleti\")* Tanasevitch, 2008 – Iran\n* *[Erigonoplus setosus](/wiki/Erigonoplus_setosus \"Erigonoplus setosus\")* Wunderlich, 1995 – Croatia, Greece\n* *[Erigonoplus sibiricus](/wiki/Erigonoplus_sibiricus \"Erigonoplus sibiricus\")* Eskov \\& Marusik, 1997 – Russia (South Siberia)\n* *[Erigonoplus simplex](/wiki/Erigonoplus_simplex \"Erigonoplus simplex\")* [Millidge](/wiki/A._F._Millidge \"A. F. Millidge\"), 1979 – Italy, Albania, Bulgaria, Greece\n* *[Erigonoplus spinifemuralis](/wiki/Erigonoplus_spinifemuralis \"Erigonoplus spinifemuralis\")* Dimitrov, 2003 – Greece (incl. Crete), Albania, North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Russia (Europe), Turkey\n* *[Erigonoplus turriger](/wiki/Erigonoplus_turriger \"Erigonoplus turriger\")* (Simon, 1882\\) – France, Spain\n* *[Erigonoplus zagros](/wiki/Erigonoplus_zagros \"Erigonoplus zagros\")* Tanasevitch, 2009 – Iran\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [List of Linyphiidae species (A–H)](/wiki/List_of_Linyphiidae_species_%28A%E2%80%93H%29 \"List of Linyphiidae species (A–H)\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Araneomorphae genera](/wiki/Category:Araneomorphae_genera \"Araneomorphae genera\")\n[Category:Linyphiidae](/wiki/Category:Linyphiidae \"Linyphiidae\")\n[Category:Spiders of Africa](/wiki/Category:Spiders_of_Africa \"Spiders of Africa\")\n[Category:Spiders of Asia](/wiki/Category:Spiders_of_Asia \"Spiders of Asia\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Glenea wegneri | {
"id": [
14423536
],
"name": [
"Plantdrew"
]
} | bapxj8d5dk7htu1f3y8kiwa28ahylw0 | 2024-07-26T02:34:43Z | 1,042,364,981 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Glenea wegneri*** is a species of [beetle](/wiki/Beetle \"Beetle\") in the family [Cerambycidae](/wiki/Cerambycidae \"Cerambycidae\"). It was described by Gilmour and [Stephan von Breuning](/wiki/Stephan_von_Breuning_%28entomologist%29 \"Stephan von Breuning (entomologist)\") in 1963\\. It is known from [Borneo](/wiki/Borneo \"Borneo\").[BioLib.cz \\- *Glenea wegneri*](https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id274838/). Retrieved on 8 September 2014\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[wegneri](/wiki/Category:Glenea \"Glenea\")\n[Category:Beetles described in 1963](/wiki/Category:Beetles_described_in_1963 \"Beetles described in 1963\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Eberechi Eze | {
"id": [
553121
],
"name": [
"Mattythewhite"
]
} | ljc2khiu9jo7hcitqygy8ep1jzaxi0q | 2024-10-14T17:22:00Z | 1,251,144,437 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Early life",
"Club career",
"Queens Park Rangers",
"2016–2018",
"2018–2020",
"Crystal Palace",
"2020–2023",
"2023–present",
"International career",
"Youth",
"Senior",
"Personal life",
"Career statistics",
"Club",
"International",
"Honours",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
4,
4,
3,
4,
4,
2,
3,
3,
2,
2,
3,
3,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Eberechi Oluchi Eze** (born 29 June 1998; pronounced ) is an English professional [footballer](/wiki/Association_football \"Association football\") who plays as an [attacking midfielder](/wiki/Midfielder%23Attacking_midfielder \"Midfielder#Attacking midfielder\") or [left winger](/wiki/Left_winger \"Left winger\") for [Premier League](/wiki/Premier_League \"Premier League\") club [Crystal Palace](/wiki/Crystal_Palace_F.C. \"Crystal Palace F.C.\") and the [England national team](/wiki/England_national_football_team \"England national football team\").\n\nA product of numerous English academies, Eze began his senior career with [Queens Park Rangers](/wiki/Queens_Park_Rangers_F.C. \"Queens Park Rangers F.C.\") in 2016\\. His breakthrough came in the [2019–20 season](/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_Queens_Park_Rangers_F.C._season \"2019–20 Queens Park Rangers F.C. season\"), in which he scored 14 goals and was named the club's Player of the Year. He was subsequently signed by Crystal Palace for £17 million, and has since gone on to make over 120 appearances for the club.\n\nA former England [youth international](/wiki/England_national_youth_football_team \"England national youth football team\"), Eze made his senior debut in 2023, and later represented his country at [UEFA Euro 2024](/wiki/UEFA_Euro_2024 \"UEFA Euro 2024\").\n\n",
"Early life\n----------\n\nEberechi Oluchi Eze was born on 29 June 1998 in [Greenwich](/wiki/Greenwich \"Greenwich\"), Greater London, to Nigerian parents. Growing up, he reflected on his life, saying: \"There are the nice parts \\[of Greenwich] and the not so nice parts. I grew up in a not so nice part. It wasn't the easiest life and you don't have as much as other kids around you. The first place we'd go after school is to the cage. We'd stay there till our parents called us in, not eating, playing all day and night. There wasn't really anything else to do. But that's where the love comes from. \\[At the time], you don't realise it's actually how you're learning your trade.\" Eze then met [Bright Osayi\\-Samuel](/wiki/Bright_Osayi-Samuel \"Bright Osayi-Samuel\"), his teammate during his time at Queens Park Rangers, at secondary school and played football together at the same district team.\n\nEze started his football career at [Arsenal](/wiki/Arsenal_F.C. \"Arsenal F.C.\") before being released when he was thirteen and then went on to join [Fulham](/wiki/Fulham_F.C. \"Fulham F.C.\") and [Reading](/wiki/Reading_F.C. \"Reading F.C.\"). Eze then appeared as a youth player at [Millwall](/wiki/Millwall_F.C. \"Millwall F.C.\"), where he signed a two\\-year scholarship with the club. Eze quickly progressed through the under\\-18 and reserve teams. \n \n \n \n It was announced in April 2016 that Eze would be leaving Millwall at the end of the 2015–16 season after not being offered a professional contract.\n\n",
"Club career\n-----------\n\n### Queens Park Rangers\n\n#### 2016–2018\n\nFollowing his release from Millwall, Eze continued studying in college before trialling successfully with [Championship](/wiki/EFL_Championship \"EFL Championship\") club [Queens Park Rangers](/wiki/Queens_Park_Rangers_F.C. \"Queens Park Rangers F.C.\") (QPR), impressing the club's technical director [Chris Ramsey](/wiki/Chris_Ramsey_%28footballer%29 \"Chris Ramsey (footballer)\"). Eze completed his signing for QPR on 3 August 2016\\. On 7 January 2017, Eze made his first\\-team debut in an [FA Cup](/wiki/FA_Cup \"FA Cup\") tie against [Blackburn Rovers](/wiki/Blackburn_Rovers_F.C. \"Blackburn Rovers F.C.\"), featuring for 18 minutes before being injured and replaced by [Yeni Ngbakoto](/wiki/Yeni_Ngbakoto \"Yeni Ngbakoto\"). The game resulted in a 2–1 home defeat for QPR. This was his only appearance of the 2016–17 season for the side. He then signed a contract extension with the club, keeping him until 2019\\.\n\nOn 30 August 2017, Eze joined [League Two](/wiki/EFL_League_Two \"EFL League Two\") club [Wycombe Wanderers](/wiki/Wycombe_Wanderers_F.C. \"Wycombe Wanderers F.C.\") on [loan](/wiki/Loan_%28association_football%29 \"Loan (association football)\") until January 2018\\. He made his Wycombe Wanderers debut, coming on as a 79th\\-minute [substitute](/wiki/Substitute_%28association_football%29 \"Substitute (association football)\"), in a 0–0 draw against [Newport County](/wiki/Newport_County_A.F.C. \"Newport County A.F.C.\") on 9 September 2017\\. After making his debut for the club, Eze quickly became a first team regular for the side, where he rotated in different midfield positions. \n \n Eze scored his first ever senior goal on 7 October 2017, netting a brace for Wycombe against [Cambridge United](/wiki/Cambridge_United_F.C. \"Cambridge United F.C.\"). His goal against Cambridge United earned him a nomination for the League Two Goal of the Month award for October. He made a total of 20 appearances and played a part in Wycombe gaining promotion that season. Eze scored a further four times in total for Wycombe, putting in some eye\\-catching performances before returning to QPR in January. \n \n \n\nAfter returning to QPR, Eze featured regularly for [Ian Holloway](/wiki/Ian_Holloway \"Ian Holloway\")'s side, who planned on using him in the first team. \n \n \n \n His first appearance of the 2017–18 season came on 6 January 2018 against [Milton Keynes Dons](/wiki/Milton_Keynes_Dons_F.C. \"Milton Keynes Dons F.C.\") in the third round of the FA Cup, coming on as a 61st\\-minute substitute, in a 1–0 loss. At the end of the 2017–18 season, he went on to make 16 appearances, with his first goal for the club came on 10 March 2018 against [Sunderland](/wiki/Sunderland_A.F.C. \"Sunderland A.F.C.\"), the only goal of the match.\n\n#### 2018–2020\n\nAhead of the 2018–19 season, Holloway left Queens Park Rangers as the previous season was concluded and his replacement, [Steve McClaren](/wiki/Steve_McClaren \"Steve McClaren\") handed Eze the number 10 shirt for the club. A week later, he signed a new three\\-year contract with QPR, binding him to the club until June 2021\\. Eze started the season well when he scored his first goal of the season, in a 2–1 loss against [Sheffield United](/wiki/Sheffield_United_F.C. \"Sheffield United F.C.\") on 11 August 2018\\. Eze then scored two consecutive goals between 15 September 2018 and 19 September 2018 against [Bolton Wanderers](/wiki/Bolton_Wanderers_F.C. \"Bolton Wanderers F.C.\") and his former club, Millwall. \n Since the start of the 2018–19 season, he continued to be a first team regular for the side, continuing to play in different midfield positions. \n \n \n \n His performance was praised by McClaren, who said: \"Eze has great talent but he did great work off the ball in terms of helping the team defend. We're asking him to do that and it's important that he does that in terms of his development.\" Eze then set up two goals in two matches between 20 October 2018 and 23 October 2018 against [Ipswich Town](/wiki/Ipswich_Town_F.C. \"Ipswich Town F.C.\") and [Sheffield Wednesday](/wiki/Sheffield_Wednesday_F.C. \"Sheffield Wednesday F.C.\"). \n A month later on 24 November 2018 against [Stoke City](/wiki/Stoke_City_F.C. \"Stoke City F.C.\"), he set up two goals for [Àngel Rangel](/wiki/%C3%80ngel_Rangel \"Àngel Rangel\"), in a 2–2 draw. Eze's fourth goal then came on 1 January 2019, in a 2–2 draw against [Aston Villa](/wiki/Aston_Villa_F.C. \"Aston Villa F.C.\"). However towards the end of the 2018–19 season, Eze soon found himself placed at the substitute bench. \n \n \n \n He played 46 games in the 2018–19 season, scoring four times in all competitions.\n\nIn the opening game of the 2019–20 season, Eze scored his first goal of the season, \"sauntered through a static Stoke City defence to double Queen Park Rangers' lead after the interval\", to win 2–1\\. Three weeks later on 24 August 2019, he scored his second goal of the season, as well as setting up the club's third goal of the game, in a 3–1 win against [Wigan Athletic](/wiki/Wigan_Athletic_F.C. \"Wigan Athletic F.C.\"). Two weeks later on 11 September 2019, Eze scored his third goal of the season, as well as setting up Queen Park Rangers' third goal of the game, in a 3–2 win against [Luton Town](/wiki/Luton_Town_F.C. \"Luton Town F.C.\"). After the match, he was named in the Team of the Week by the [English Football League](/wiki/English_Football_League \"English Football League\"). he was born in 1867 Since the start of the 2019–20 season, Eze retained his first team place for the side and played in different midfield positions under the new management of [Mark Warburton](/wiki/Mark_Warburton \"Mark Warburton\"). \n \n \n He then scored four more goals by the end of 2019, including two braces against [Hull City](/wiki/Hull_City_A.F.C. \"Hull City A.F.C.\") and [Preston North End](/wiki/Preston_North_End_F.C. \"Preston North End F.C.\"). \n \n \n After the match Warburton praised his performance, saying: \"Ebe is a tremendous talent. I want him to enjoy his football and he has got to understand how much hard work is required to maximise the talent that he has. He is a talented boy, is playing exceptionally well for us, scoring goals and I hope very much that he is playing with a smile on his face as well.\"\n\nEze scored his tenth goal of the season and set up two goals in a 6–1 win against [Cardiff City](/wiki/Cardiff_City_F.C. \"Cardiff City F.C.\") on 1 January 2020\\. He continued as a first\\-team regular, and by the time the season was suspended because of the [COVID\\-19 pandemic](/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom \"COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom\"), he had made 37 league appearances and scored twelve times. \n \n \n \n Eze remained an integral part of the team once the season resumed behind closed doors. \n \n Eze then scored two more goals in the last remaining two matches of the 2019–20 season, coming against Millwall and [West Bromwich Albion](/wiki/West_Bromwich_Albion_F.C. \"West Bromwich Albion F.C.\"). \n He scored 14 goals in 48 games across all competitions in the 2019–20 season, which saw him become one of England's most promising young attacking players. \n \n Following this, Eze won the club's Sportito Supporters' Player of the Year. He was also nominated for Championship PFA Bristol Street Motors Fans' Player of the Year for 2019–20 but lost out to [Luke Ayling](/wiki/Luke_Ayling \"Luke Ayling\"). On 8 September 2020, Eze was named in the [PFA Team of the Year](/wiki/PFA_Team_of_the_Year \"PFA Team of the Year\") for the [2019–20 EFL Championship](/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_EFL_Championship \"2019–20 EFL Championship\").\n\n### Crystal Palace\n\n#### 2020–2023\n\nEze signed for [Premier League](/wiki/Premier_League \"Premier League\") club [Crystal Palace](/wiki/Crystal_Palace_F.C. \"Crystal Palace F.C.\") on a five\\-year contract on 28 August 2020 for a [transfer fee](/wiki/Transfer_fee \"Transfer fee\") reportedly around £17 million. QPR had rejected a £12 million bid from Palace earlier in the month. He was given a number 25 shirt ahead of the [new season](/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2020–21 Crystal Palace F.C. season\"). On 12 September, he made his Palace debut, coming on as an 81st\\-minute substitute for [Jeffrey Schlupp](/wiki/Jeffrey_Schlupp \"Jeffrey Schlupp\") in a 1–0 win against [Southampton](/wiki/Southampton_F.C. \"Southampton F.C.\") in the opening game of the season. Eze scored his first goal for Palace on 7 November from a [free kick](/wiki/Free_kick_%28association_football%29 \"Free kick (association football)\") in a 4–1 home league win over [Leeds United](/wiki/Leeds_United_F.C. \"Leeds United F.C.\").\n\nIn May 2021, Eze was reported to have injured his [Achilles tendon](/wiki/Achilles_tendon \"Achilles tendon\") in a training session and was sidelined for several months. Following the departure of [Andros Townsend](/wiki/Andros_Townsend \"Andros Townsend\") for [Everton](/wiki/Everton_F.C. \"Everton F.C.\") at the start of the 2021–22 Premier League season, he was given the number 10 shirt for Palace. He netted his only goal of the season on 30 April, levelling the match on the hour mark with a cushioned left\\-footed finish in a 2–1 away win against Southampton.\n\nEze scored his first goal of the [2022–23 season](/wiki/2022%E2%80%9323_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2022–23 Crystal Palace F.C. season\") on 9 October 2022, weaving through tackles on the edge of the box before finishing with a low shot, which got Palace a 2–1 win against Leeds United. He scored in his following home match on 18 October, heading in a cross by [Michael Olise](/wiki/Michael_Olise \"Michael Olise\") a minute into the second half, which levelled the game in an eventual 2–1 win against [Wolverhampton Wanderers](/wiki/Wolverhampton_Wanderers_F.C. \"Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.\"). Eze entered a run of form following the reappointment of manager [Roy Hodgson](/wiki/Roy_Hodgson \"Roy Hodgson\") in March 2023, scoring six goals in 10 games (including braces against Southampton and [AFC Bournemouth](/wiki/AFC_Bournemouth \"AFC Bournemouth\"), finishing the season on double figures and as the club's top scorer of the season, having played in every game of Palace's Premier League campaign.\n\n#### 2023–present\n\nOn 10 November 2023, Eze extended his contract with Crystal Palace until 2027\\. On 30 December, he scored in a 3–1 win against [Brentford](/wiki/Brentford_F.C. \"Brentford F.C.\"), helping end an eight\\-match winless run, and scored a brace in his next home game, a 3–2 win over Sheffield United on 30 January 2024\\. He scored the winner in a 1–0 victory over [Liverpool](/wiki/Liverpool_F.C. \"Liverpool F.C.\") on 14 April; the win was Liverpool's first [Anfield](/wiki/Anfield \"Anfield\") defeat in 28 games, and was Palace's first away win in 10\\. In the final game of the season on 19 May, he scored a brace in a 5–0 thrashing of fourth\\-placed Aston Villa, becoming Crystal Palace's fourth\\-highest goalscorer in its Premier League history (after [Wilfried Zaha](/wiki/Wilfried_Zaha \"Wilfried Zaha\"), [Christian Benteke](/wiki/Christian_Benteke \"Christian Benteke\") and [Luka Milivojević](/wiki/Luka_Milivojevi%C4%87 \"Luka Milivojević\")). Despite injury woes limiting Eze's appearances in the [2023–24 season](/wiki/2023%E2%80%9324_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2023–24 Crystal Palace F.C. season\"), he set a new personal record at the club, scoring 11 goals and providing six assists in 31 matches in all competitions.\n\nIn the opening match of the [2024–25 season](/wiki/2024%E2%80%9325_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2024–25 Crystal Palace F.C. season\") against Brentford, Eze seemed to have opened the scoring with a long\\-range free kick goal later described as \"brilliant\" and \"superb\", but it was controversially disallowed as referee Samuel Barrott had already blown his whistle for a perceived foul by [Will Hughes](/wiki/Will_Hughes \"Will Hughes\"); as play had stopped before the ball crossed the line, the [video assistant referee](/wiki/Video_assistant_referee \"Video assistant referee\") was unable to intervene. Brentford scored moments later, and went on to win the game 2–1\\. The decision was criticised by pundits, with [Jamie Redknapp](/wiki/Jamie_Redknapp \"Jamie Redknapp\") describing it as a \"monumental error\" and \"a nightmare decision... I'm not sure it is a foul, he could have \\[blown his whistle] after,\" and [Micah Richards](/wiki/Micah_Richards \"Micah Richards\") classifying it as \"not a foul\" and \"a mistake\". Eze revealed in a post\\-match interview that Barrott had apologised to him for the error, stating that \"it could have changed the game, but we have to deal with it.\" Eze scored his first goal of the season, a right\\-footed equaliser from outside of the box, in a 1–1 draw versus [Chelsea](/wiki/Chelsea_F.C. \"Chelsea F.C.\") on 1 September.\n\n",
"### Queens Park Rangers\n\n#### 2016–2018\n\nFollowing his release from Millwall, Eze continued studying in college before trialling successfully with [Championship](/wiki/EFL_Championship \"EFL Championship\") club [Queens Park Rangers](/wiki/Queens_Park_Rangers_F.C. \"Queens Park Rangers F.C.\") (QPR), impressing the club's technical director [Chris Ramsey](/wiki/Chris_Ramsey_%28footballer%29 \"Chris Ramsey (footballer)\"). Eze completed his signing for QPR on 3 August 2016\\. On 7 January 2017, Eze made his first\\-team debut in an [FA Cup](/wiki/FA_Cup \"FA Cup\") tie against [Blackburn Rovers](/wiki/Blackburn_Rovers_F.C. \"Blackburn Rovers F.C.\"), featuring for 18 minutes before being injured and replaced by [Yeni Ngbakoto](/wiki/Yeni_Ngbakoto \"Yeni Ngbakoto\"). The game resulted in a 2–1 home defeat for QPR. This was his only appearance of the 2016–17 season for the side. He then signed a contract extension with the club, keeping him until 2019\\.\n\nOn 30 August 2017, Eze joined [League Two](/wiki/EFL_League_Two \"EFL League Two\") club [Wycombe Wanderers](/wiki/Wycombe_Wanderers_F.C. \"Wycombe Wanderers F.C.\") on [loan](/wiki/Loan_%28association_football%29 \"Loan (association football)\") until January 2018\\. He made his Wycombe Wanderers debut, coming on as a 79th\\-minute [substitute](/wiki/Substitute_%28association_football%29 \"Substitute (association football)\"), in a 0–0 draw against [Newport County](/wiki/Newport_County_A.F.C. \"Newport County A.F.C.\") on 9 September 2017\\. After making his debut for the club, Eze quickly became a first team regular for the side, where he rotated in different midfield positions. \n \n Eze scored his first ever senior goal on 7 October 2017, netting a brace for Wycombe against [Cambridge United](/wiki/Cambridge_United_F.C. \"Cambridge United F.C.\"). His goal against Cambridge United earned him a nomination for the League Two Goal of the Month award for October. He made a total of 20 appearances and played a part in Wycombe gaining promotion that season. Eze scored a further four times in total for Wycombe, putting in some eye\\-catching performances before returning to QPR in January. \n \n \n\nAfter returning to QPR, Eze featured regularly for [Ian Holloway](/wiki/Ian_Holloway \"Ian Holloway\")'s side, who planned on using him in the first team. \n \n \n \n His first appearance of the 2017–18 season came on 6 January 2018 against [Milton Keynes Dons](/wiki/Milton_Keynes_Dons_F.C. \"Milton Keynes Dons F.C.\") in the third round of the FA Cup, coming on as a 61st\\-minute substitute, in a 1–0 loss. At the end of the 2017–18 season, he went on to make 16 appearances, with his first goal for the club came on 10 March 2018 against [Sunderland](/wiki/Sunderland_A.F.C. \"Sunderland A.F.C.\"), the only goal of the match.\n\n#### 2018–2020\n\nAhead of the 2018–19 season, Holloway left Queens Park Rangers as the previous season was concluded and his replacement, [Steve McClaren](/wiki/Steve_McClaren \"Steve McClaren\") handed Eze the number 10 shirt for the club. A week later, he signed a new three\\-year contract with QPR, binding him to the club until June 2021\\. Eze started the season well when he scored his first goal of the season, in a 2–1 loss against [Sheffield United](/wiki/Sheffield_United_F.C. \"Sheffield United F.C.\") on 11 August 2018\\. Eze then scored two consecutive goals between 15 September 2018 and 19 September 2018 against [Bolton Wanderers](/wiki/Bolton_Wanderers_F.C. \"Bolton Wanderers F.C.\") and his former club, Millwall. \n Since the start of the 2018–19 season, he continued to be a first team regular for the side, continuing to play in different midfield positions. \n \n \n \n His performance was praised by McClaren, who said: \"Eze has great talent but he did great work off the ball in terms of helping the team defend. We're asking him to do that and it's important that he does that in terms of his development.\" Eze then set up two goals in two matches between 20 October 2018 and 23 October 2018 against [Ipswich Town](/wiki/Ipswich_Town_F.C. \"Ipswich Town F.C.\") and [Sheffield Wednesday](/wiki/Sheffield_Wednesday_F.C. \"Sheffield Wednesday F.C.\"). \n A month later on 24 November 2018 against [Stoke City](/wiki/Stoke_City_F.C. \"Stoke City F.C.\"), he set up two goals for [Àngel Rangel](/wiki/%C3%80ngel_Rangel \"Àngel Rangel\"), in a 2–2 draw. Eze's fourth goal then came on 1 January 2019, in a 2–2 draw against [Aston Villa](/wiki/Aston_Villa_F.C. \"Aston Villa F.C.\"). However towards the end of the 2018–19 season, Eze soon found himself placed at the substitute bench. \n \n \n \n He played 46 games in the 2018–19 season, scoring four times in all competitions.\n\nIn the opening game of the 2019–20 season, Eze scored his first goal of the season, \"sauntered through a static Stoke City defence to double Queen Park Rangers' lead after the interval\", to win 2–1\\. Three weeks later on 24 August 2019, he scored his second goal of the season, as well as setting up the club's third goal of the game, in a 3–1 win against [Wigan Athletic](/wiki/Wigan_Athletic_F.C. \"Wigan Athletic F.C.\"). Two weeks later on 11 September 2019, Eze scored his third goal of the season, as well as setting up Queen Park Rangers' third goal of the game, in a 3–2 win against [Luton Town](/wiki/Luton_Town_F.C. \"Luton Town F.C.\"). After the match, he was named in the Team of the Week by the [English Football League](/wiki/English_Football_League \"English Football League\"). he was born in 1867 Since the start of the 2019–20 season, Eze retained his first team place for the side and played in different midfield positions under the new management of [Mark Warburton](/wiki/Mark_Warburton \"Mark Warburton\"). \n \n \n He then scored four more goals by the end of 2019, including two braces against [Hull City](/wiki/Hull_City_A.F.C. \"Hull City A.F.C.\") and [Preston North End](/wiki/Preston_North_End_F.C. \"Preston North End F.C.\"). \n \n \n After the match Warburton praised his performance, saying: \"Ebe is a tremendous talent. I want him to enjoy his football and he has got to understand how much hard work is required to maximise the talent that he has. He is a talented boy, is playing exceptionally well for us, scoring goals and I hope very much that he is playing with a smile on his face as well.\"\n\nEze scored his tenth goal of the season and set up two goals in a 6–1 win against [Cardiff City](/wiki/Cardiff_City_F.C. \"Cardiff City F.C.\") on 1 January 2020\\. He continued as a first\\-team regular, and by the time the season was suspended because of the [COVID\\-19 pandemic](/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom \"COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom\"), he had made 37 league appearances and scored twelve times. \n \n \n \n Eze remained an integral part of the team once the season resumed behind closed doors. \n \n Eze then scored two more goals in the last remaining two matches of the 2019–20 season, coming against Millwall and [West Bromwich Albion](/wiki/West_Bromwich_Albion_F.C. \"West Bromwich Albion F.C.\"). \n He scored 14 goals in 48 games across all competitions in the 2019–20 season, which saw him become one of England's most promising young attacking players. \n \n Following this, Eze won the club's Sportito Supporters' Player of the Year. He was also nominated for Championship PFA Bristol Street Motors Fans' Player of the Year for 2019–20 but lost out to [Luke Ayling](/wiki/Luke_Ayling \"Luke Ayling\"). On 8 September 2020, Eze was named in the [PFA Team of the Year](/wiki/PFA_Team_of_the_Year \"PFA Team of the Year\") for the [2019–20 EFL Championship](/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_EFL_Championship \"2019–20 EFL Championship\").\n\n",
"#### 2016–2018\n\nFollowing his release from Millwall, Eze continued studying in college before trialling successfully with [Championship](/wiki/EFL_Championship \"EFL Championship\") club [Queens Park Rangers](/wiki/Queens_Park_Rangers_F.C. \"Queens Park Rangers F.C.\") (QPR), impressing the club's technical director [Chris Ramsey](/wiki/Chris_Ramsey_%28footballer%29 \"Chris Ramsey (footballer)\"). Eze completed his signing for QPR on 3 August 2016\\. On 7 January 2017, Eze made his first\\-team debut in an [FA Cup](/wiki/FA_Cup \"FA Cup\") tie against [Blackburn Rovers](/wiki/Blackburn_Rovers_F.C. \"Blackburn Rovers F.C.\"), featuring for 18 minutes before being injured and replaced by [Yeni Ngbakoto](/wiki/Yeni_Ngbakoto \"Yeni Ngbakoto\"). The game resulted in a 2–1 home defeat for QPR. This was his only appearance of the 2016–17 season for the side. He then signed a contract extension with the club, keeping him until 2019\\.\n\nOn 30 August 2017, Eze joined [League Two](/wiki/EFL_League_Two \"EFL League Two\") club [Wycombe Wanderers](/wiki/Wycombe_Wanderers_F.C. \"Wycombe Wanderers F.C.\") on [loan](/wiki/Loan_%28association_football%29 \"Loan (association football)\") until January 2018\\. He made his Wycombe Wanderers debut, coming on as a 79th\\-minute [substitute](/wiki/Substitute_%28association_football%29 \"Substitute (association football)\"), in a 0–0 draw against [Newport County](/wiki/Newport_County_A.F.C. \"Newport County A.F.C.\") on 9 September 2017\\. After making his debut for the club, Eze quickly became a first team regular for the side, where he rotated in different midfield positions. \n \n Eze scored his first ever senior goal on 7 October 2017, netting a brace for Wycombe against [Cambridge United](/wiki/Cambridge_United_F.C. \"Cambridge United F.C.\"). His goal against Cambridge United earned him a nomination for the League Two Goal of the Month award for October. He made a total of 20 appearances and played a part in Wycombe gaining promotion that season. Eze scored a further four times in total for Wycombe, putting in some eye\\-catching performances before returning to QPR in January. \n \n \n\nAfter returning to QPR, Eze featured regularly for [Ian Holloway](/wiki/Ian_Holloway \"Ian Holloway\")'s side, who planned on using him in the first team. \n \n \n \n His first appearance of the 2017–18 season came on 6 January 2018 against [Milton Keynes Dons](/wiki/Milton_Keynes_Dons_F.C. \"Milton Keynes Dons F.C.\") in the third round of the FA Cup, coming on as a 61st\\-minute substitute, in a 1–0 loss. At the end of the 2017–18 season, he went on to make 16 appearances, with his first goal for the club came on 10 March 2018 against [Sunderland](/wiki/Sunderland_A.F.C. \"Sunderland A.F.C.\"), the only goal of the match.\n\n",
"#### 2018–2020\n\nAhead of the 2018–19 season, Holloway left Queens Park Rangers as the previous season was concluded and his replacement, [Steve McClaren](/wiki/Steve_McClaren \"Steve McClaren\") handed Eze the number 10 shirt for the club. A week later, he signed a new three\\-year contract with QPR, binding him to the club until June 2021\\. Eze started the season well when he scored his first goal of the season, in a 2–1 loss against [Sheffield United](/wiki/Sheffield_United_F.C. \"Sheffield United F.C.\") on 11 August 2018\\. Eze then scored two consecutive goals between 15 September 2018 and 19 September 2018 against [Bolton Wanderers](/wiki/Bolton_Wanderers_F.C. \"Bolton Wanderers F.C.\") and his former club, Millwall. \n Since the start of the 2018–19 season, he continued to be a first team regular for the side, continuing to play in different midfield positions. \n \n \n \n His performance was praised by McClaren, who said: \"Eze has great talent but he did great work off the ball in terms of helping the team defend. We're asking him to do that and it's important that he does that in terms of his development.\" Eze then set up two goals in two matches between 20 October 2018 and 23 October 2018 against [Ipswich Town](/wiki/Ipswich_Town_F.C. \"Ipswich Town F.C.\") and [Sheffield Wednesday](/wiki/Sheffield_Wednesday_F.C. \"Sheffield Wednesday F.C.\"). \n A month later on 24 November 2018 against [Stoke City](/wiki/Stoke_City_F.C. \"Stoke City F.C.\"), he set up two goals for [Àngel Rangel](/wiki/%C3%80ngel_Rangel \"Àngel Rangel\"), in a 2–2 draw. Eze's fourth goal then came on 1 January 2019, in a 2–2 draw against [Aston Villa](/wiki/Aston_Villa_F.C. \"Aston Villa F.C.\"). However towards the end of the 2018–19 season, Eze soon found himself placed at the substitute bench. \n \n \n \n He played 46 games in the 2018–19 season, scoring four times in all competitions.\n\nIn the opening game of the 2019–20 season, Eze scored his first goal of the season, \"sauntered through a static Stoke City defence to double Queen Park Rangers' lead after the interval\", to win 2–1\\. Three weeks later on 24 August 2019, he scored his second goal of the season, as well as setting up the club's third goal of the game, in a 3–1 win against [Wigan Athletic](/wiki/Wigan_Athletic_F.C. \"Wigan Athletic F.C.\"). Two weeks later on 11 September 2019, Eze scored his third goal of the season, as well as setting up Queen Park Rangers' third goal of the game, in a 3–2 win against [Luton Town](/wiki/Luton_Town_F.C. \"Luton Town F.C.\"). After the match, he was named in the Team of the Week by the [English Football League](/wiki/English_Football_League \"English Football League\"). he was born in 1867 Since the start of the 2019–20 season, Eze retained his first team place for the side and played in different midfield positions under the new management of [Mark Warburton](/wiki/Mark_Warburton \"Mark Warburton\"). \n \n \n He then scored four more goals by the end of 2019, including two braces against [Hull City](/wiki/Hull_City_A.F.C. \"Hull City A.F.C.\") and [Preston North End](/wiki/Preston_North_End_F.C. \"Preston North End F.C.\"). \n \n \n After the match Warburton praised his performance, saying: \"Ebe is a tremendous talent. I want him to enjoy his football and he has got to understand how much hard work is required to maximise the talent that he has. He is a talented boy, is playing exceptionally well for us, scoring goals and I hope very much that he is playing with a smile on his face as well.\"\n\nEze scored his tenth goal of the season and set up two goals in a 6–1 win against [Cardiff City](/wiki/Cardiff_City_F.C. \"Cardiff City F.C.\") on 1 January 2020\\. He continued as a first\\-team regular, and by the time the season was suspended because of the [COVID\\-19 pandemic](/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom \"COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom\"), he had made 37 league appearances and scored twelve times. \n \n \n \n Eze remained an integral part of the team once the season resumed behind closed doors. \n \n Eze then scored two more goals in the last remaining two matches of the 2019–20 season, coming against Millwall and [West Bromwich Albion](/wiki/West_Bromwich_Albion_F.C. \"West Bromwich Albion F.C.\"). \n He scored 14 goals in 48 games across all competitions in the 2019–20 season, which saw him become one of England's most promising young attacking players. \n \n Following this, Eze won the club's Sportito Supporters' Player of the Year. He was also nominated for Championship PFA Bristol Street Motors Fans' Player of the Year for 2019–20 but lost out to [Luke Ayling](/wiki/Luke_Ayling \"Luke Ayling\"). On 8 September 2020, Eze was named in the [PFA Team of the Year](/wiki/PFA_Team_of_the_Year \"PFA Team of the Year\") for the [2019–20 EFL Championship](/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_EFL_Championship \"2019–20 EFL Championship\").\n\n",
"### Crystal Palace\n\n#### 2020–2023\n\nEze signed for [Premier League](/wiki/Premier_League \"Premier League\") club [Crystal Palace](/wiki/Crystal_Palace_F.C. \"Crystal Palace F.C.\") on a five\\-year contract on 28 August 2020 for a [transfer fee](/wiki/Transfer_fee \"Transfer fee\") reportedly around £17 million. QPR had rejected a £12 million bid from Palace earlier in the month. He was given a number 25 shirt ahead of the [new season](/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2020–21 Crystal Palace F.C. season\"). On 12 September, he made his Palace debut, coming on as an 81st\\-minute substitute for [Jeffrey Schlupp](/wiki/Jeffrey_Schlupp \"Jeffrey Schlupp\") in a 1–0 win against [Southampton](/wiki/Southampton_F.C. \"Southampton F.C.\") in the opening game of the season. Eze scored his first goal for Palace on 7 November from a [free kick](/wiki/Free_kick_%28association_football%29 \"Free kick (association football)\") in a 4–1 home league win over [Leeds United](/wiki/Leeds_United_F.C. \"Leeds United F.C.\").\n\nIn May 2021, Eze was reported to have injured his [Achilles tendon](/wiki/Achilles_tendon \"Achilles tendon\") in a training session and was sidelined for several months. Following the departure of [Andros Townsend](/wiki/Andros_Townsend \"Andros Townsend\") for [Everton](/wiki/Everton_F.C. \"Everton F.C.\") at the start of the 2021–22 Premier League season, he was given the number 10 shirt for Palace. He netted his only goal of the season on 30 April, levelling the match on the hour mark with a cushioned left\\-footed finish in a 2–1 away win against Southampton.\n\nEze scored his first goal of the [2022–23 season](/wiki/2022%E2%80%9323_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2022–23 Crystal Palace F.C. season\") on 9 October 2022, weaving through tackles on the edge of the box before finishing with a low shot, which got Palace a 2–1 win against Leeds United. He scored in his following home match on 18 October, heading in a cross by [Michael Olise](/wiki/Michael_Olise \"Michael Olise\") a minute into the second half, which levelled the game in an eventual 2–1 win against [Wolverhampton Wanderers](/wiki/Wolverhampton_Wanderers_F.C. \"Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.\"). Eze entered a run of form following the reappointment of manager [Roy Hodgson](/wiki/Roy_Hodgson \"Roy Hodgson\") in March 2023, scoring six goals in 10 games (including braces against Southampton and [AFC Bournemouth](/wiki/AFC_Bournemouth \"AFC Bournemouth\"), finishing the season on double figures and as the club's top scorer of the season, having played in every game of Palace's Premier League campaign.\n\n#### 2023–present\n\nOn 10 November 2023, Eze extended his contract with Crystal Palace until 2027\\. On 30 December, he scored in a 3–1 win against [Brentford](/wiki/Brentford_F.C. \"Brentford F.C.\"), helping end an eight\\-match winless run, and scored a brace in his next home game, a 3–2 win over Sheffield United on 30 January 2024\\. He scored the winner in a 1–0 victory over [Liverpool](/wiki/Liverpool_F.C. \"Liverpool F.C.\") on 14 April; the win was Liverpool's first [Anfield](/wiki/Anfield \"Anfield\") defeat in 28 games, and was Palace's first away win in 10\\. In the final game of the season on 19 May, he scored a brace in a 5–0 thrashing of fourth\\-placed Aston Villa, becoming Crystal Palace's fourth\\-highest goalscorer in its Premier League history (after [Wilfried Zaha](/wiki/Wilfried_Zaha \"Wilfried Zaha\"), [Christian Benteke](/wiki/Christian_Benteke \"Christian Benteke\") and [Luka Milivojević](/wiki/Luka_Milivojevi%C4%87 \"Luka Milivojević\")). Despite injury woes limiting Eze's appearances in the [2023–24 season](/wiki/2023%E2%80%9324_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2023–24 Crystal Palace F.C. season\"), he set a new personal record at the club, scoring 11 goals and providing six assists in 31 matches in all competitions.\n\nIn the opening match of the [2024–25 season](/wiki/2024%E2%80%9325_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2024–25 Crystal Palace F.C. season\") against Brentford, Eze seemed to have opened the scoring with a long\\-range free kick goal later described as \"brilliant\" and \"superb\", but it was controversially disallowed as referee Samuel Barrott had already blown his whistle for a perceived foul by [Will Hughes](/wiki/Will_Hughes \"Will Hughes\"); as play had stopped before the ball crossed the line, the [video assistant referee](/wiki/Video_assistant_referee \"Video assistant referee\") was unable to intervene. Brentford scored moments later, and went on to win the game 2–1\\. The decision was criticised by pundits, with [Jamie Redknapp](/wiki/Jamie_Redknapp \"Jamie Redknapp\") describing it as a \"monumental error\" and \"a nightmare decision... I'm not sure it is a foul, he could have \\[blown his whistle] after,\" and [Micah Richards](/wiki/Micah_Richards \"Micah Richards\") classifying it as \"not a foul\" and \"a mistake\". Eze revealed in a post\\-match interview that Barrott had apologised to him for the error, stating that \"it could have changed the game, but we have to deal with it.\" Eze scored his first goal of the season, a right\\-footed equaliser from outside of the box, in a 1–1 draw versus [Chelsea](/wiki/Chelsea_F.C. \"Chelsea F.C.\") on 1 September.\n\n",
"#### 2020–2023\n\nEze signed for [Premier League](/wiki/Premier_League \"Premier League\") club [Crystal Palace](/wiki/Crystal_Palace_F.C. \"Crystal Palace F.C.\") on a five\\-year contract on 28 August 2020 for a [transfer fee](/wiki/Transfer_fee \"Transfer fee\") reportedly around £17 million. QPR had rejected a £12 million bid from Palace earlier in the month. He was given a number 25 shirt ahead of the [new season](/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2020–21 Crystal Palace F.C. season\"). On 12 September, he made his Palace debut, coming on as an 81st\\-minute substitute for [Jeffrey Schlupp](/wiki/Jeffrey_Schlupp \"Jeffrey Schlupp\") in a 1–0 win against [Southampton](/wiki/Southampton_F.C. \"Southampton F.C.\") in the opening game of the season. Eze scored his first goal for Palace on 7 November from a [free kick](/wiki/Free_kick_%28association_football%29 \"Free kick (association football)\") in a 4–1 home league win over [Leeds United](/wiki/Leeds_United_F.C. \"Leeds United F.C.\").\n\nIn May 2021, Eze was reported to have injured his [Achilles tendon](/wiki/Achilles_tendon \"Achilles tendon\") in a training session and was sidelined for several months. Following the departure of [Andros Townsend](/wiki/Andros_Townsend \"Andros Townsend\") for [Everton](/wiki/Everton_F.C. \"Everton F.C.\") at the start of the 2021–22 Premier League season, he was given the number 10 shirt for Palace. He netted his only goal of the season on 30 April, levelling the match on the hour mark with a cushioned left\\-footed finish in a 2–1 away win against Southampton.\n\nEze scored his first goal of the [2022–23 season](/wiki/2022%E2%80%9323_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2022–23 Crystal Palace F.C. season\") on 9 October 2022, weaving through tackles on the edge of the box before finishing with a low shot, which got Palace a 2–1 win against Leeds United. He scored in his following home match on 18 October, heading in a cross by [Michael Olise](/wiki/Michael_Olise \"Michael Olise\") a minute into the second half, which levelled the game in an eventual 2–1 win against [Wolverhampton Wanderers](/wiki/Wolverhampton_Wanderers_F.C. \"Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.\"). Eze entered a run of form following the reappointment of manager [Roy Hodgson](/wiki/Roy_Hodgson \"Roy Hodgson\") in March 2023, scoring six goals in 10 games (including braces against Southampton and [AFC Bournemouth](/wiki/AFC_Bournemouth \"AFC Bournemouth\"), finishing the season on double figures and as the club's top scorer of the season, having played in every game of Palace's Premier League campaign.\n\n",
"#### 2023–present\n\nOn 10 November 2023, Eze extended his contract with Crystal Palace until 2027\\. On 30 December, he scored in a 3–1 win against [Brentford](/wiki/Brentford_F.C. \"Brentford F.C.\"), helping end an eight\\-match winless run, and scored a brace in his next home game, a 3–2 win over Sheffield United on 30 January 2024\\. He scored the winner in a 1–0 victory over [Liverpool](/wiki/Liverpool_F.C. \"Liverpool F.C.\") on 14 April; the win was Liverpool's first [Anfield](/wiki/Anfield \"Anfield\") defeat in 28 games, and was Palace's first away win in 10\\. In the final game of the season on 19 May, he scored a brace in a 5–0 thrashing of fourth\\-placed Aston Villa, becoming Crystal Palace's fourth\\-highest goalscorer in its Premier League history (after [Wilfried Zaha](/wiki/Wilfried_Zaha \"Wilfried Zaha\"), [Christian Benteke](/wiki/Christian_Benteke \"Christian Benteke\") and [Luka Milivojević](/wiki/Luka_Milivojevi%C4%87 \"Luka Milivojević\")). Despite injury woes limiting Eze's appearances in the [2023–24 season](/wiki/2023%E2%80%9324_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2023–24 Crystal Palace F.C. season\"), he set a new personal record at the club, scoring 11 goals and providing six assists in 31 matches in all competitions.\n\nIn the opening match of the [2024–25 season](/wiki/2024%E2%80%9325_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2024–25 Crystal Palace F.C. season\") against Brentford, Eze seemed to have opened the scoring with a long\\-range free kick goal later described as \"brilliant\" and \"superb\", but it was controversially disallowed as referee Samuel Barrott had already blown his whistle for a perceived foul by [Will Hughes](/wiki/Will_Hughes \"Will Hughes\"); as play had stopped before the ball crossed the line, the [video assistant referee](/wiki/Video_assistant_referee \"Video assistant referee\") was unable to intervene. Brentford scored moments later, and went on to win the game 2–1\\. The decision was criticised by pundits, with [Jamie Redknapp](/wiki/Jamie_Redknapp \"Jamie Redknapp\") describing it as a \"monumental error\" and \"a nightmare decision... I'm not sure it is a foul, he could have \\[blown his whistle] after,\" and [Micah Richards](/wiki/Micah_Richards \"Micah Richards\") classifying it as \"not a foul\" and \"a mistake\". Eze revealed in a post\\-match interview that Barrott had apologised to him for the error, stating that \"it could have changed the game, but we have to deal with it.\" Eze scored his first goal of the season, a right\\-footed equaliser from outside of the box, in a 1–1 draw versus [Chelsea](/wiki/Chelsea_F.C. \"Chelsea F.C.\") on 1 September.\n\n",
"International career\n--------------------\n\n### Youth\n\nBecause Eze is of Nigerian descent, he has trained with the [Nigeria national team](/wiki/Nigeria_national_football_team \"Nigeria national football team\"). On 5 October 2018, he was called up to the [England national under\\-20 team](/wiki/England_national_under-20_football_team \"England national under-20 football team\"), and made his debut on 11 October 2018 in a 2–1 win against [Italy](/wiki/Italy_national_under-20_football_team \"Italy national under-20 football team\") in the [2018–19 Under 20 Elite League](/wiki/2018%E2%80%9319_Under_20_Elite_League \"2018–19 Under 20 Elite League\"). He went on to make six appearances for the under\\-20 side. \n\nIn 2019, [Nigeria Football Federation](/wiki/Nigeria_Football_Federation \"Nigeria Football Federation\") president [Amaju Pinnick](/wiki/Amaju_Pinnick \"Amaju Pinnick\") met with Eze in an attempt to persuade him to switch his allegiance to Nigeria. Eze said that he was undecided on who to represent, but Pinnick stated: \"It appears to me that he would want to play for Nigeria, but again, there is a lot of pressure on these players who play in England\". Nigeria manager [Gernot Rohr](/wiki/Gernot_Rohr \"Gernot Rohr\") later stated in January 2021 that he contacts Eze on a weekly basis.\n\nOn 3 September 2019, Eze was called up to the [England under\\-21](/wiki/England_national_under-21_football_team \"England national under-21 football team\") squad by manager [Aidy Boothroyd](/wiki/Aidy_Boothroyd \"Aidy Boothroyd\") for the upcoming [2021 UEFA European Under\\-21 Championship qualification](/wiki/2021_UEFA_European_Under-21_Championship_qualification \"2021 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification\") matches against [Turkey](/wiki/Turkey_national_under-21_football_team \"Turkey national under-21 football team\") and [Kosovo](/wiki/Kosovo_national_under-21_football_team \"Kosovo national under-21 football team\"). He was an unused substitute on both occasions. \n Eze eventually made his under\\-21 debut on 15 November as an 81st\\-minute substitute for [Phil Foden](/wiki/Phil_Foden \"Phil Foden\") during a 3–0 victory over [Albania](/wiki/Albania_national_under-21_football_team \"Albania national under-21 football team\") in 2021 European Under\\-21 Championship qualification.\n\nIn April and November 2020, Eze said he had yet to decide on whether to play for Nigeria or England at senior international level.\n\nEze was selected for the group stage of the [2021 European Under\\-21 Championship](/wiki/2021_UEFA_European_Under-21_Championship \"2021 UEFA European Under-21 Championship\") and scored his only goal at under\\-21 level in their final game against [Croatia](/wiki/Croatia_national_under-21_football_team \"Croatia national under-21 football team\").\n\n### Senior\n\nIn May 2021, Eze was called up to the [senior England squad](/wiki/England_national_football_team \"England national football team\") for the first time, as part of Gareth Southgate's 33\\-man provisional squad for [UEFA Euro 2020](/wiki/UEFA_Euro_2020 \"UEFA Euro 2020\"), but on the same day was injured during a training session.\n\nIn May 2023, Southgate again called Eze up to the England squad. He made his senior debut on 16 June, appearing as a 70th\\-minute substitute for [James Maddison](/wiki/James_Maddison \"James Maddison\") in a 4–0 [UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying](/wiki/UEFA_Euro_2024_qualifying \"UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying\") win against [Malta](/wiki/Malta_national_football_team \"Malta national football team\"). This appearance meant he could no longer represent Nigeria after this point.\n\nOn 3 June 2024, in a pre\\-[UEFA Euro 2024](/wiki/UEFA_Euro_2024 \"UEFA Euro 2024\") friendly against [Bosnia and Herzegovina](/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_national_football_team \"Bosnia and Herzegovina national football team\"), Eze made his first start for England, playing 63 minutes before being substituted for [Jack Grealish](/wiki/Jack_Grealish \"Jack Grealish\"). He was named in England's [26\\-man squad](/wiki/UEFA_Euro_2024_squads \"UEFA Euro 2024 squads\") for the tournament on 6 June. On 20 June, he made his [European Championship](/wiki/UEFA_European_Championship \"UEFA European Championship\") debut, coming on in the 69th minute of England's 1–1 draw against [Denmark](/wiki/Denmark_national_football_team \"Denmark national football team\") at [Waldstadion](/wiki/Waldstadion_%28Frankfurt%29 \"Waldstadion (Frankfurt)\") in Frankfurt. He appeared as an 84th\\-minute substitute for [Kobbie Mainoo](/wiki/Kobbie_Mainoo \"Kobbie Mainoo\") in the [round of 16](/wiki/UEFA_Euro_2024_knockout_stage%23Round_of_16 \"UEFA Euro 2024 knockout stage#Round of 16\") match against [Slovakia](/wiki/Slovakia_national_football_team \"Slovakia national football team\") in 30 June; in the first minute of extra time, he played a pass to [Ivan Toney](/wiki/Ivan_Toney \"Ivan Toney\"), who crossed the ball into the box for [Harry Kane](/wiki/Harry_Kane \"Harry Kane\")'s winner. His third appearance of the tournament came in the 78th minute of England's quarter\\-final match against Switzerland, which England won 5–3 on penalties.\n\n",
"### Youth\n\nBecause Eze is of Nigerian descent, he has trained with the [Nigeria national team](/wiki/Nigeria_national_football_team \"Nigeria national football team\"). On 5 October 2018, he was called up to the [England national under\\-20 team](/wiki/England_national_under-20_football_team \"England national under-20 football team\"), and made his debut on 11 October 2018 in a 2–1 win against [Italy](/wiki/Italy_national_under-20_football_team \"Italy national under-20 football team\") in the [2018–19 Under 20 Elite League](/wiki/2018%E2%80%9319_Under_20_Elite_League \"2018–19 Under 20 Elite League\"). He went on to make six appearances for the under\\-20 side. \n\nIn 2019, [Nigeria Football Federation](/wiki/Nigeria_Football_Federation \"Nigeria Football Federation\") president [Amaju Pinnick](/wiki/Amaju_Pinnick \"Amaju Pinnick\") met with Eze in an attempt to persuade him to switch his allegiance to Nigeria. Eze said that he was undecided on who to represent, but Pinnick stated: \"It appears to me that he would want to play for Nigeria, but again, there is a lot of pressure on these players who play in England\". Nigeria manager [Gernot Rohr](/wiki/Gernot_Rohr \"Gernot Rohr\") later stated in January 2021 that he contacts Eze on a weekly basis.\n\nOn 3 September 2019, Eze was called up to the [England under\\-21](/wiki/England_national_under-21_football_team \"England national under-21 football team\") squad by manager [Aidy Boothroyd](/wiki/Aidy_Boothroyd \"Aidy Boothroyd\") for the upcoming [2021 UEFA European Under\\-21 Championship qualification](/wiki/2021_UEFA_European_Under-21_Championship_qualification \"2021 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification\") matches against [Turkey](/wiki/Turkey_national_under-21_football_team \"Turkey national under-21 football team\") and [Kosovo](/wiki/Kosovo_national_under-21_football_team \"Kosovo national under-21 football team\"). He was an unused substitute on both occasions. \n Eze eventually made his under\\-21 debut on 15 November as an 81st\\-minute substitute for [Phil Foden](/wiki/Phil_Foden \"Phil Foden\") during a 3–0 victory over [Albania](/wiki/Albania_national_under-21_football_team \"Albania national under-21 football team\") in 2021 European Under\\-21 Championship qualification.\n\nIn April and November 2020, Eze said he had yet to decide on whether to play for Nigeria or England at senior international level.\n\nEze was selected for the group stage of the [2021 European Under\\-21 Championship](/wiki/2021_UEFA_European_Under-21_Championship \"2021 UEFA European Under-21 Championship\") and scored his only goal at under\\-21 level in their final game against [Croatia](/wiki/Croatia_national_under-21_football_team \"Croatia national under-21 football team\").\n\n",
"### Senior\n\nIn May 2021, Eze was called up to the [senior England squad](/wiki/England_national_football_team \"England national football team\") for the first time, as part of Gareth Southgate's 33\\-man provisional squad for [UEFA Euro 2020](/wiki/UEFA_Euro_2020 \"UEFA Euro 2020\"), but on the same day was injured during a training session.\n\nIn May 2023, Southgate again called Eze up to the England squad. He made his senior debut on 16 June, appearing as a 70th\\-minute substitute for [James Maddison](/wiki/James_Maddison \"James Maddison\") in a 4–0 [UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying](/wiki/UEFA_Euro_2024_qualifying \"UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying\") win against [Malta](/wiki/Malta_national_football_team \"Malta national football team\"). This appearance meant he could no longer represent Nigeria after this point.\n\nOn 3 June 2024, in a pre\\-[UEFA Euro 2024](/wiki/UEFA_Euro_2024 \"UEFA Euro 2024\") friendly against [Bosnia and Herzegovina](/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_national_football_team \"Bosnia and Herzegovina national football team\"), Eze made his first start for England, playing 63 minutes before being substituted for [Jack Grealish](/wiki/Jack_Grealish \"Jack Grealish\"). He was named in England's [26\\-man squad](/wiki/UEFA_Euro_2024_squads \"UEFA Euro 2024 squads\") for the tournament on 6 June. On 20 June, he made his [European Championship](/wiki/UEFA_European_Championship \"UEFA European Championship\") debut, coming on in the 69th minute of England's 1–1 draw against [Denmark](/wiki/Denmark_national_football_team \"Denmark national football team\") at [Waldstadion](/wiki/Waldstadion_%28Frankfurt%29 \"Waldstadion (Frankfurt)\") in Frankfurt. He appeared as an 84th\\-minute substitute for [Kobbie Mainoo](/wiki/Kobbie_Mainoo \"Kobbie Mainoo\") in the [round of 16](/wiki/UEFA_Euro_2024_knockout_stage%23Round_of_16 \"UEFA Euro 2024 knockout stage#Round of 16\") match against [Slovakia](/wiki/Slovakia_national_football_team \"Slovakia national football team\") in 30 June; in the first minute of extra time, he played a pass to [Ivan Toney](/wiki/Ivan_Toney \"Ivan Toney\"), who crossed the ball into the box for [Harry Kane](/wiki/Harry_Kane \"Harry Kane\")'s winner. His third appearance of the tournament came in the 78th minute of England's quarter\\-final match against Switzerland, which England won 5–3 on penalties.\n\n",
"Personal life\n-------------\n\nEze is a Christian. He is a cousin of American comedian [Ego Nwodim](/wiki/Ego_Nwodim \"Ego Nwodim\"), a cast member on *[Saturday Night Live](/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live \"Saturday Night Live\")*.\n\n",
"Career statistics\n-----------------\n\n### Club\n\n| \\+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |\n| --- |\n|Club\n\nSeason\n\nLeague\n\n[FA Cup](/wiki/FA_Cup \"FA Cup\")\n\n[EFL Cup](/wiki/EFL_Cup \"EFL Cup\")\n\nOther\n\nTotal\n\n| Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |\n|[Queens Park Rangers](/wiki/Queens_Park_Rangers_F.C. \"Queens Park Rangers F.C.\")\n\n [2016–17](/wiki/2016%E2%80%9317_Queens_Park_Rangers_F.C._season \"2016–17 Queens Park Rangers F.C. season\") |\n [Championship](/wiki/EFL_Championship \"EFL Championship\") |\n 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |— 1 | 0 |\n| [2017–18](/wiki/2017%E2%80%9318_Queens_Park_Rangers_F.C._season \"2017–18 Queens Park Rangers F.C. season\") | Championship | 16 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |— 17 | 2 |\n| [2018–19](/wiki/2018%E2%80%9319_Queens_Park_Rangers_F.C._season \"2018–19 Queens Park Rangers F.C. season\") | Championship | 42 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 |— 46 | 4 |\n| [2019–20](/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_Queens_Park_Rangers_F.C._season \"2019–20 Queens Park Rangers F.C. season\") | Championship | 46 | 14 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |— 48 | 14 |\n|Total\n\n 104 | 20 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 0 |— 112 | 20 |\n| [Wycombe Wanderers](/wiki/Wycombe_Wanderers_F.C. \"Wycombe Wanderers F.C.\") (loan) | [2017–18](/wiki/2017%E2%80%9318_Wycombe_Wanderers_F.C._season \"2017–18 Wycombe Wanderers F.C. season\") | [League Two](/wiki/EFL_League_Two \"EFL League Two\") | 20 | 5 |—— 2 | 0 | 22 | 5 |\n|[Crystal Palace](/wiki/Crystal_Palace_F.C. \"Crystal Palace F.C.\")\n\n [2020–21](/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2020–21 Crystal Palace F.C. season\") |\n [Premier League](/wiki/Premier_League \"Premier League\") |\n 34 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |— 36 | 4 |\n| [2021–22](/wiki/2021%E2%80%9322_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2021–22 Crystal Palace F.C. season\") | Premier League | 13 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |— 17 | 1 |\n| [2022–23](/wiki/2022%E2%80%9323_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2022–23 Crystal Palace F.C. season\") | Premier League | 38 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |— 40 | 10 |\n| [2023–24](/wiki/2023%E2%80%9324_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2023–24 Crystal Palace F.C. season\") | Premier League | 27 | 11 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 |— 31 | 11 |\n| [2024–25](/wiki/2024%E2%80%9325_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2024–25 Crystal Palace F.C. season\") | Premier League | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 |— 9 | 2 |\n|Total\n\n 119 | 27 | 8 | 0 | 6 | 1 |— 132 | 28 |\n|Career total\n\n 243 | 52 | 14 | 0 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 266 | 53 |\n\n### International\n\n| \\+ Appearances and goals by national team and year |\n| --- |\n| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |\n|[England](/wiki/England_national_football_team \"England national football team\")\n\n 2023 | 2 | 0 |\n| 2024 | 7 | 0 |\n|Total 9 | 0 |\n\n",
"### Club\n\n| \\+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |\n| --- |\n|Club\n\nSeason\n\nLeague\n\n[FA Cup](/wiki/FA_Cup \"FA Cup\")\n\n[EFL Cup](/wiki/EFL_Cup \"EFL Cup\")\n\nOther\n\nTotal\n\n| Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |\n|[Queens Park Rangers](/wiki/Queens_Park_Rangers_F.C. \"Queens Park Rangers F.C.\")\n\n [2016–17](/wiki/2016%E2%80%9317_Queens_Park_Rangers_F.C._season \"2016–17 Queens Park Rangers F.C. season\") |\n [Championship](/wiki/EFL_Championship \"EFL Championship\") |\n 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |— 1 | 0 |\n| [2017–18](/wiki/2017%E2%80%9318_Queens_Park_Rangers_F.C._season \"2017–18 Queens Park Rangers F.C. season\") | Championship | 16 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |— 17 | 2 |\n| [2018–19](/wiki/2018%E2%80%9319_Queens_Park_Rangers_F.C._season \"2018–19 Queens Park Rangers F.C. season\") | Championship | 42 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 |— 46 | 4 |\n| [2019–20](/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_Queens_Park_Rangers_F.C._season \"2019–20 Queens Park Rangers F.C. season\") | Championship | 46 | 14 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |— 48 | 14 |\n|Total\n\n 104 | 20 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 0 |— 112 | 20 |\n| [Wycombe Wanderers](/wiki/Wycombe_Wanderers_F.C. \"Wycombe Wanderers F.C.\") (loan) | [2017–18](/wiki/2017%E2%80%9318_Wycombe_Wanderers_F.C._season \"2017–18 Wycombe Wanderers F.C. season\") | [League Two](/wiki/EFL_League_Two \"EFL League Two\") | 20 | 5 |—— 2 | 0 | 22 | 5 |\n|[Crystal Palace](/wiki/Crystal_Palace_F.C. \"Crystal Palace F.C.\")\n\n [2020–21](/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2020–21 Crystal Palace F.C. season\") |\n [Premier League](/wiki/Premier_League \"Premier League\") |\n 34 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |— 36 | 4 |\n| [2021–22](/wiki/2021%E2%80%9322_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2021–22 Crystal Palace F.C. season\") | Premier League | 13 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |— 17 | 1 |\n| [2022–23](/wiki/2022%E2%80%9323_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2022–23 Crystal Palace F.C. season\") | Premier League | 38 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |— 40 | 10 |\n| [2023–24](/wiki/2023%E2%80%9324_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2023–24 Crystal Palace F.C. season\") | Premier League | 27 | 11 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 |— 31 | 11 |\n| [2024–25](/wiki/2024%E2%80%9325_Crystal_Palace_F.C._season \"2024–25 Crystal Palace F.C. season\") | Premier League | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 |— 9 | 2 |\n|Total\n\n 119 | 27 | 8 | 0 | 6 | 1 |— 132 | 28 |\n|Career total\n\n 243 | 52 | 14 | 0 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 266 | 53 |\n\n",
"### International\n\n| \\+ Appearances and goals by national team and year |\n| --- |\n| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |\n|[England](/wiki/England_national_football_team \"England national football team\")\n\n 2023 | 2 | 0 |\n| 2024 | 7 | 0 |\n|Total 9 | 0 |\n\n",
"Honours\n-------\n\n**England**\n* [UEFA European Championship](/wiki/UEFA_European_Championship \"UEFA European Championship\") runner\\-up: [2024](/wiki/UEFA_Euro_2024 \"UEFA Euro 2024\")\n\n**Individual**\n* [PFA Team of the Year](/wiki/PFA_Team_of_the_Year \"PFA Team of the Year\"): [2019–20 Championship](/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_EFL_Championship \"2019–20 EFL Championship\")\n* [Queens Park Rangers](/wiki/Queens_Park_Rangers_F.C. \"Queens Park Rangers F.C.\") Player of the Year: [2019–20](/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_Queens_Park_Rangers_F.C._season \"2019–20 Queens Park Rangers F.C. season\")\n* Queens Park Rangers Players' Player of the Year: [2019–20](/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_Queens_Park_Rangers_F.C._season \"2019–20 Queens Park Rangers F.C. season\")\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Profile](https://www.cpfc.co.uk/teams/first-team/midfielder/eberechi-eze/) at the Crystal Palace F.C. website\n* [Profile](https://www.englandfootball.com/england/mens-senior-team/squad/Eberechi-Eze) at the Football Association website\n[Category:1998 births](/wiki/Category:1998_births \"1998 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:People from Greenwich](/wiki/Category:People_from_Greenwich \"People from Greenwich\")\n[Category:Footballers from the Royal Borough of Greenwich](/wiki/Category:Footballers_from_the_Royal_Borough_of_Greenwich \"Footballers from the Royal Borough of Greenwich\")\n[Category:English men's footballers](/wiki/Category:English_men%27s_footballers \"English men's footballers\")\n[Category:Men's association football midfielders](/wiki/Category:Men%27s_association_football_midfielders \"Men's association football midfielders\")\n[Category:Men's association football wingers](/wiki/Category:Men%27s_association_football_wingers \"Men's association football wingers\")\n[Category:Queens Park Rangers F.C. players](/wiki/Category:Queens_Park_Rangers_F.C._players \"Queens Park Rangers F.C. players\")\n[Category:Wycombe Wanderers F.C. players](/wiki/Category:Wycombe_Wanderers_F.C._players \"Wycombe Wanderers F.C. players\")\n[Category:Crystal Palace F.C. players](/wiki/Category:Crystal_Palace_F.C._players \"Crystal Palace F.C. players\")\n[Category:English Football League players](/wiki/Category:English_Football_League_players \"English Football League players\")\n[Category:Premier League players](/wiki/Category:Premier_League_players \"Premier League players\")\n[Category:England men's youth international footballers](/wiki/Category:England_men%27s_youth_international_footballers \"England men's youth international footballers\")\n[Category:England men's under\\-21 international footballers](/wiki/Category:England_men%27s_under-21_international_footballers \"England men's under-21 international footballers\")\n[Category:England men's international footballers](/wiki/Category:England_men%27s_international_footballers \"England men's international footballers\")\n[Category:UEFA Euro 2024 players](/wiki/Category:UEFA_Euro_2024_players \"UEFA Euro 2024 players\")\n[Category:Black British sportsmen](/wiki/Category:Black_British_sportsmen \"Black British sportsmen\")\n[Category:English people of Nigerian descent](/wiki/Category:English_people_of_Nigerian_descent \"English people of Nigerian descent\")\n[Category:Sportspeople of Nigerian descent](/wiki/Category:Sportspeople_of_Nigerian_descent \"Sportspeople of Nigerian descent\")\n\n"
]
} |
Tetraopes skillmani | {
"id": [
14423536
],
"name": [
"Plantdrew"
]
} | hssi3hym5245zbw2yc1h219cp1jvk6z | 2024-10-08T01:22:52Z | 905,066,060 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Tetraopes skillmani*** is a species of [beetle](/wiki/Beetle \"Beetle\") in the family [Cerambycidae](/wiki/Cerambycidae \"Cerambycidae\"). It was described by Chemsak and Noguera in 2004\\. It is known from the [United States](/wiki/United_States \"United States\").[BioLib.cz \\- *Tetraopes skillmani*](https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id301761/). Retrieved on 8 September 2014\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Tetraopini](/wiki/Category:Tetraopini \"Tetraopini\")\n[Category:Beetles described in 2004](/wiki/Category:Beetles_described_in_2004 \"Beetles described in 2004\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Ma Guangtong | {
"id": [
753665
],
"name": [
"Ser Amantio di Nicolao"
]
} | q50cez4lbs0ojsumewqc72mynsbpt62 | 2024-10-21T06:59:42Z | 1,244,994,046 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Major results",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Ma Guangtong** (born 5 May 1995\\) is a Chinese cyclist, who currently rides for [UCI Continental team](/wiki/UCI_Continental_team \"UCI Continental team\") .\n\n",
"Major results\n-------------\n\n2015\n [Tour of Thailand](/wiki/Tour_of_Thailand \"Tour of Thailand\")\n1st Points classification\n1st Stage 2\n 2nd Overall [Tour of Yancheng Coastal Wetlands](/wiki/Tour_of_Yancheng_Coastal_Wetlands \"Tour of Yancheng Coastal Wetlands\")\n1st Young rider classification\n2016\n 1st [20px](/wiki/File:China_NC.png \"China NC.png\") Road race, National Road Championships\n 1st Points classification [Tour de Ijen](/wiki/Tour_de_Ijen \"Tour de Ijen\")\n 1st [20px](/wiki/File:Jersey_polkadot.svg \"Jersey polkadot.svg\") Mountains classification [Tour of Hainan](/wiki/Tour_of_Hainan \"Tour of Hainan\")\n2017\n 2nd Overall [Tour of Thailand](/wiki/Tour_of_Thailand \"Tour of Thailand\")\n 5th Road race, [Asian Under\\-23 Road Championships](/wiki/2017_Asian_Road_Cycling_Championships \"2017 Asian Road Cycling Championships\")\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1995 births](/wiki/Category:1995_births \"1995 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Chinese male cyclists](/wiki/Category:Chinese_male_cyclists \"Chinese male cyclists\")\n[Category:21st\\-century Chinese sportsmen](/wiki/Category:21st-century_Chinese_sportsmen \"21st-century Chinese sportsmen\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Alvan Kallman | {
"id": [
6217804
],
"name": [
"Neiltonks"
]
} | mcctcdjh14u2i6l0eb8ss0f7kyajywh | 2024-03-20T10:05:19Z | 1,163,714,466 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n**Alvan Edward Kallman** (March 13, 1902 – September 1, 1964\\) was an American [hotelier](/wiki/wikt:Hotelier \"Hotelier\").\n\nKallman was born in [New York City](/wiki/New_York_City \"New York City\") to Charles Kallman and Regina Kallman. His father died when he was ten or eleven.\n\nKallman was a [barnstorming](/wiki/Barnstorming \"Barnstorming\") pilot and later an [air mail](/wiki/Air_mail \"Air mail\") pilot in the early 20th century. After retiring from flying, he worked for the [Hotel St. George](/wiki/Hotel_St._George \"Hotel St. George\") in New York, serving as banquet manager from 1930 to 1939 (being the youngest banquet manager in the industry when appointed), then serving as [general manager](/wiki/General_manager \"General manager\") from 1939 to 1943\\.\n\nKallman then became owner of [The Balsams Grand Resort Hotel](/wiki/The_Balsams_Grand_Resort_Hotel \"The Balsams Grand Resort Hotel\") in [Dixville Notch, New Hampshire](/wiki/Dixville_Notch%2C_New_Hampshire \"Dixville Notch, New Hampshire\") and in 1946 part\\-owner (with Benno Bechhold and Harry Socoloff) of [Feltman's](/wiki/Feltman%27s \"Feltman's\"), the large iconic complex at [Coney Island](/wiki/Coney_Island \"Coney Island\") containing the world's largest restaurant and other attractions, buying it from founder [Charles Feltman](/wiki/Charles_Feltman \"Charles Feltman\")'s family. He also owned the [Savoy\\-Plaza Hotel](/wiki/Savoy-Plaza_Hotel \"Savoy-Plaza Hotel\") in New York.\n\nIn 1953, Kallman bought the then\\-new St. Johns Hotel in the [Vedado](/wiki/Vedado \"Vedado\") district of [Havana](/wiki/Havana \"Havana\"), and a few years later added ten more stories. Following the [Cuban Revolution](/wiki/Cuban_Revolution \"Cuban Revolution\"), the [Castro government](/wiki/Cuba_under_Fidel_Castro \"Cuba under Fidel Castro\") nationalized his property in 1960 and expelled him from Cuba, wiping out his fortune. He died in [Miami](/wiki/Miami \"Miami\") in 1964\\.\n\nKallman was married to Zara Whitman Kallman (1899 – 1988\\), a former [Broadway](/wiki/Broadway_theatre \"Broadway theatre\") actress. He had two sons, actor and singer [Dick Kallman](/wiki/Dick_Kallman \"Dick Kallman\"), and intelligence officer Charles Kallman.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1902 births](/wiki/Category:1902_births \"1902 births\")\n[Category:1964 deaths](/wiki/Category:1964_deaths \"1964 deaths\")\n[Category:American hoteliers](/wiki/Category:American_hoteliers \"American hoteliers\")\n\n"
]
} |
Sarkhej Assembly constituency | {
"id": [
46870777
],
"name": [
"BaranBOT"
]
} | jd9qmsvja9233tyxipy6zddn92z2kop | 2024-09-04T18:26:22Z | 1,204,188,939 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Members of Legislative Assembly",
"Election results",
"2007",
"2002",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
3,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Sarkhej** was one of the 182 assembly seats of [Gujarat](/wiki/Gujarat \"Gujarat\")'s [Vidhan Sabha](/wiki/Vidhan_Sabha \"Vidhan Sabha\") ([Gujarat Legislative Assembly](/wiki/Gujarat_Legislative_Assembly \"Gujarat Legislative Assembly\")), from 1975 until 2012\\. It was a largely urban seat representing there of [Ahmedabad](/wiki/Ahmedabad \"Ahmedabad\"). Its abolition, along with others and new replacement seats were drawn up in 2008, in readiness for the next election which proved to be in 2012\\.\n\n",
"Members of Legislative Assembly\n-------------------------------\n\nSources:\n\n| Year | Member |Party\n\n| --- | --- |\n| 1975 | Bhavansinh Chauhan |\n\n [Bharatiya Jan Sangh](/wiki/Bharatiya_Jan_Sangh \"Bharatiya Jan Sangh\") |\n| 1980 | Harishankar Pandya |\n\n [Indian National Congress (I)](/wiki/Indian_National_Congress_%28I%29 \"Indian National Congress (I)\") |\n| 1985 | Nalin K. Patel |\n\n [Indian National Congress](/wiki/Indian_National_Congress \"Indian National Congress\") |\n| 1990 | [Harishchandra Patel](/wiki/Harishchandra_Patel \"Harishchandra Patel\") |\n\n [Bharatiya Janata Party](/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party \"Bharatiya Janata Party\")\n\n| 1995 |\n| 1997 | [Amit Shah](/wiki/Amit_Shah \"Amit Shah\")\n\n| 1998 |\n| 2002 |\n| 2007 |\n| 2012 |Seat abolished\n\n|\n\n",
"Election results\n----------------\n\n### 2007\n\n### 2002\n\n",
"### 2007\n\n",
"### 2002\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Ahmedabad district](/wiki/Ahmedabad_district \"Ahmedabad district\")\n* [List of constituencies of the Gujarat Legislative Assembly](/wiki/List_of_constituencies_of_the_Gujarat_Legislative_Assembly \"List of constituencies of the Gujarat Legislative Assembly\")\n* [Naranpura (Vidhan Sabha constituency)](/wiki/Naranpura_%28Vidhan_Sabha_constituency%29 \"Naranpura (Vidhan Sabha constituency)\")\n* [Gandhinagar (Lok Sabha constituency)](/wiki/Gandhinagar_%28Lok_Sabha_constituency%29 \"Gandhinagar (Lok Sabha constituency)\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Gujarat](/wiki/Category:Former_assembly_constituencies_of_Gujarat \"Former assembly constituencies of Gujarat\")\n[Category:Ahmedabad district](/wiki/Category:Ahmedabad_district \"Ahmedabad district\")\n[Category:Politics of Gujarat](/wiki/Category:Politics_of_Gujarat \"Politics of Gujarat\")\n[Category:Constituencies established in 1975](/wiki/Category:Constituencies_established_in_1975 \"Constituencies established in 1975\")\n[Category:1975 establishments in Gujarat](/wiki/Category:1975_establishments_in_Gujarat \"1975 establishments in Gujarat\")\n[Category:Constituencies disestablished in 2008](/wiki/Category:Constituencies_disestablished_in_2008 \"Constituencies disestablished in 2008\")\n[Category:2008 disestablishments in India](/wiki/Category:2008_disestablishments_in_India \"2008 disestablishments in India\")\n\n"
]
} |
Cortez Stubbs | {
"id": [
27823944
],
"name": [
"GreenC bot"
]
} | r46cr5i2gdajzfqpti8hwfeyjok4j1y | 2024-09-24T04:05:42Z | 1,233,948,999 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Early life",
"College career",
"Professional career",
"Columbus Lions",
"Jacksonville Sharks",
"Knoxville NightHawks",
"Alabama Hammers",
"Orlando Predators",
"New Orleans VooDoo",
"Tampa Bay Storm",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n* + - * + - * + \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t**Cortez Stubbs** (born August 16, 1988\\) is an [American football](/wiki/American_football \"American football\") [defensive back](/wiki/Defensive_back \"Defensive back\") who is currently a free agent. He played [college football](/wiki/College_football \"College football\") at the [Concordia College Alabama](/wiki/Concordia_College_Alabama \"Concordia College Alabama\") and attended [Huffman High School](/wiki/Huffman_High_School \"Huffman High School\") in [Birmingham, Alabama](/wiki/Birmingham%2C_Alabama \"Birmingham, Alabama\"). Stubbs has been a member of the [Columbus Lions](/wiki/Columbus_Lions \"Columbus Lions\"), [Jacksonville Sharks](/wiki/Jacksonville_Sharks \"Jacksonville Sharks\"), [Alabama Hammers](/wiki/Alabama_Hammers \"Alabama Hammers\"), [Orlando Predators](/wiki/Orlando_Predators \"Orlando Predators\"), [New Orleans VooDoo](/wiki/New_Orleans_VooDoo \"New Orleans VooDoo\") and [Tampa Bay Storm](/wiki/Tampa_Bay_Storm \"Tampa Bay Storm\").\n\n",
"Early life\n----------\n\nStubbs played football at [Huffman High School](/wiki/Huffman_High_School \"Huffman High School\").\n\n",
"College career\n--------------\n\nStubbs played for the [Concordia College Hornets](/wiki/Concordia_College_Alabama \"Concordia College Alabama\") from 2007 to 2010\\. He was a starter his final two season.\n\n",
"Professional career\n-------------------\n\n### Columbus Lions\n\nStubbs played in 2012 with the [Columbus Lions](/wiki/Columbus_Lions \"Columbus Lions\") of the [Professional Indoor Football League](/wiki/Professional_Indoor_Football_League \"Professional Indoor Football League\"). Stubbs performed well enough that he was named Second Team All\\-PIFL.\n\n### Jacksonville Sharks\n\nOn December 5, 2012, Stubbs was assigned to the [Jacksonville Sharks](/wiki/Jacksonville_Sharks \"Jacksonville Sharks\"). On March 16, 2013, Stubbs was placed on reassignment.\n\n### Knoxville NightHawks\n\nUpon Stubbs' reassignment by the Sharks, the Lions traded him to the [Knoxville NightHawks](/wiki/Knoxville_NightHawks \"Knoxville NightHawks\") for future considerations.\n\n### Alabama Hammers\n\nStubbs was traded to the [Alabama Hammers](/wiki/Alabama_Hammers \"Alabama Hammers\"). Stubbs helped the Hammers win PIFL Cup II.\n\n### Orlando Predators\n\nStubbs was assigned to the [Orlando Predators](/wiki/Orlando_Predators \"Orlando Predators\") to final the 2013 season. The Predators picked up Stubbs' rookie option for 2014\\.\n\n### New Orleans VooDoo\n\nStubbs was assigned to the [New Orleans VooDoo](/wiki/New_Orleans_VooDoo \"New Orleans VooDoo\") for the 2015 season.\n\n### Tampa Bay Storm\n\nOn January 14, 2016, Stubbs was assigned to the [Tampa Bay Storm](/wiki/Tampa_Bay_Storm \"Tampa Bay Storm\"). The Storm folded in December 2017\\.\n\n",
"### Columbus Lions\n\nStubbs played in 2012 with the [Columbus Lions](/wiki/Columbus_Lions \"Columbus Lions\") of the [Professional Indoor Football League](/wiki/Professional_Indoor_Football_League \"Professional Indoor Football League\"). Stubbs performed well enough that he was named Second Team All\\-PIFL.\n\n",
"### Jacksonville Sharks\n\nOn December 5, 2012, Stubbs was assigned to the [Jacksonville Sharks](/wiki/Jacksonville_Sharks \"Jacksonville Sharks\"). On March 16, 2013, Stubbs was placed on reassignment.\n\n",
"### Knoxville NightHawks\n\nUpon Stubbs' reassignment by the Sharks, the Lions traded him to the [Knoxville NightHawks](/wiki/Knoxville_NightHawks \"Knoxville NightHawks\") for future considerations.\n\n",
"### Alabama Hammers\n\nStubbs was traded to the [Alabama Hammers](/wiki/Alabama_Hammers \"Alabama Hammers\"). Stubbs helped the Hammers win PIFL Cup II.\n\n",
"### Orlando Predators\n\nStubbs was assigned to the [Orlando Predators](/wiki/Orlando_Predators \"Orlando Predators\") to final the 2013 season. The Predators picked up Stubbs' rookie option for 2014\\.\n\n",
"### New Orleans VooDoo\n\nStubbs was assigned to the [New Orleans VooDoo](/wiki/New_Orleans_VooDoo \"New Orleans VooDoo\") for the 2015 season.\n\n",
"### Tampa Bay Storm\n\nOn January 14, 2016, Stubbs was assigned to the [Tampa Bay Storm](/wiki/Tampa_Bay_Storm \"Tampa Bay Storm\"). The Storm folded in December 2017\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:1988 births](/wiki/Category:1988_births \"1988 births\")\n[Category:Players of American football from Birmingham, Alabama](/wiki/Category:Players_of_American_football_from_Birmingham%2C_Alabama \"Players of American football from Birmingham, Alabama\")\n[Category:American football defensive backs](/wiki/Category:American_football_defensive_backs \"American football defensive backs\")\n[Category:Concordia College (Alabama) Hornets football players](/wiki/Category:Concordia_College_%28Alabama%29_Hornets_football_players \"Concordia College (Alabama) Hornets football players\")\n[Category:Columbus Lions players](/wiki/Category:Columbus_Lions_players \"Columbus Lions players\")\n[Category:Jacksonville Sharks players](/wiki/Category:Jacksonville_Sharks_players \"Jacksonville Sharks players\")\n[Category:Knoxville NightHawks players](/wiki/Category:Knoxville_NightHawks_players \"Knoxville NightHawks players\")\n[Category:Alabama Hammers players](/wiki/Category:Alabama_Hammers_players \"Alabama Hammers players\")\n[Category:Orlando Predators players](/wiki/Category:Orlando_Predators_players \"Orlando Predators players\")\n[Category:New Orleans VooDoo players](/wiki/Category:New_Orleans_VooDoo_players \"New Orleans VooDoo players\")\n[Category:Tampa Bay Storm players](/wiki/Category:Tampa_Bay_Storm_players \"Tampa Bay Storm players\")\n\n"
]
} |
C86 | {
"id": [
27823944
],
"name": [
"GreenC bot"
]
} | neenqzm3tq6qwyqvb31mhf2fa6rjduu | 2024-09-26T21:00:10Z | 1,235,990,047 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"The C86 cassette"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***C86*** is a [cassette](/wiki/Audio_cassette \"Audio cassette\") compilation released by the British music magazine *[NME](/wiki/NME \"NME\")* in 1986, featuring new bands licensed from British [independent record labels](/wiki/Independent_record_label \"Independent record label\") of the time. As a term, C86 quickly evolved into shorthand for a guitar\\-based [music genre](/wiki/Music_genre \"Music genre\") characterized by [jangling](/wiki/Jangle_pop \"Jangle pop\") guitars and melodic [power pop](/wiki/Power_pop \"Power pop\") song structures, although other musical styles were represented on the tape. In its time, it became a [pejorative](/wiki/Pejorative \"Pejorative\") term for its associations with so\\-called \"shambling\" (a [John Peel](/wiki/John_Peel \"John Peel\")\\-coined description celebrating the self\\-conscious primitive approach of some of the music) and [underachievement](/wiki/Underachiever \"Underachiever\"). The *C86* scene is now recognized as a pivotal moment for [independent music](/wiki/Independent_music \"Independent music\") in the UK,[Bob Stanley](/wiki/Bob_Stanley_%28Saint_Etienne%29 \"Bob Stanley (Saint Etienne)\"), sleevenotes to *[CD86](/wiki/CD86_%28album%29 \"CD86 (album)\")* as was recognized in the subtitle of the compilation's 2006 CD issue: *[CD86: 48 Tracks from the Birth of Indie Pop](/wiki/CD86_%28album%29 \"CD86 (album)\")*. In 2014, the original compilation was reissued in a 3CD expanded edition from [Cherry Red Records](/wiki/Cherry_Red_Records \"Cherry Red Records\"); the 2014 box\\-set came with an 11,500\\-word book of sleevenotes by one of the tape's original curators, former *NME* journalist [Neil Taylor](/wiki/Neil_Taylor_%28journalist%29 \"Neil Taylor (journalist)\").\n\nThe *C86* name was a play on the labelling and length of blank compact [cassette](/wiki/Compact_Cassette \"Compact Cassette\"), commonly C60, C90 and C120, combined with 1986\\.\n\n",
"The C86 cassette\n----------------\n\nThe tape was a belated follow\\-up to *[C81](/wiki/C81_%28music%29 \"C81 (music)\")*, a more eclectic collection of new bands, released by the *NME* in 1981 in conjunction with [Rough Trade](/wiki/Rough_Trade_Records \"Rough Trade Records\"). *C86* was similarly designed to reflect the new music scene of the time. It was compiled by *NME* writers [Roy Carr](/wiki/Roy_Carr \"Roy Carr\"), [Neil Taylor](/wiki/Neil_Taylor_%28journalist%29 \"Neil Taylor (journalist)\") and Adrian Thrills, who licensed tracks from labels including [Creation](/wiki/Creation_Records \"Creation Records\"), [Subway](/wiki/The_Subway_Organization \"The Subway Organization\"), [Probe Plus](/wiki/Probe_Plus \"Probe Plus\"), [Dan Treacy](/wiki/Television_Personalities \"Television Personalities\")'s Dreamworld Records, [Jeff Barrett](/wiki/Heavenly_Records \"Heavenly Records\")'s Head Records, Pink, and [Ron Johnson](/wiki/Ron_Johnson_Records \"Ron Johnson Records\"). Readers had to pay for the tape via mail order, although an [LP](/wiki/LP_record \"LP record\") was subsequently released on [Rough Trade](/wiki/Rough_Trade_Records \"Rough Trade Records\") on 24 November 1986\\. The UK music press was in this period highly competitive, with four weekly papers documenting new bands and trends. There was a tendency to create and \"discover\" new musical subgenres artificially in order to heighten reader interest. *NME* journalists of the period subsequently agreed that *C86* was an example of this, but also a byproduct of *NME'''s \"hip hop wars\" \\- a schism in the paper (and among readers) between enthusiasts of contemporary progressive black music (for example, by [Public Enemy](/wiki/Public_Enemy_%28band%29 \"Public Enemy (band)\") and [Mantronix](/wiki/Mantronix \"Mantronix\")), and fans of guitar\\-based music, as represented on* C86*.*\n\nNME *promoted the tape in conjunction with London's [Institute of Contemporary Arts](/wiki/Institute_of_Contemporary_Arts \"Institute of Contemporary Arts\"), who staged a week of gigs, in July 1986 which featured most of the acts on the compilation.*\n\nThe tape included tracks by some more abrasive bands atypical of the perceived C86 *[jangle pop](/wiki/Jangle_pop \"Jangle pop\") aesthetic: [Stump](/wiki/Stump_%28band%29 \"Stump (band)\"), [Bogshed](/wiki/Bogshed \"Bogshed\"), [A Witness](/wiki/A_Witness \"A Witness\"), [The Mackenzies](/wiki/The_Mackenzies \"The Mackenzies\"), [Big Flame](/wiki/Big_Flame_%28band%29 \"Big Flame (band)\") and [The Shrubs](/wiki/The_Shrubs \"The Shrubs\").*\n\nC86 *was the twenty\\-third* NME *tape, although its catalogue number was NME022 (*C81 *had been dubbed COPY001\\). The rest of the tapes were compilations promoting labels' back catalogues and dedicated to [R\\&B](/wiki/Rhythm_%26_Blues \"Rhythm & Blues\"), [Northern soul](/wiki/Northern_soul \"Northern soul\"), [jazz](/wiki/Jazz \"Jazz\") or [reggae](/wiki/Reggae \"Reggae\").* C86 *was followed up with a [Billie Holiday](/wiki/Billie_Holiday \"Billie Holiday\") compilation,* Holiday Romance*.[http://ilx.p3r.net/thread.php?msgid\\=2077178](http://ilx.p3r.net/thread.php?msgid=2077178)*\n\nLegacy\n------\n\nEx\\-NME *writer [Andrew Collins](/wiki/Andrew_Collins_%28broadcaster%29 \"Andrew Collins (broadcaster)\") summed up* C86 *by dubbing it \"the most indie thing to have ever existed\".Andrew Collins, Wan Love, Indie RIP; Word Magazine, October 2006 [Bob Stanley](/wiki/Bob_Stanley_%28Saint_Etienne%29 \"Bob Stanley (Saint Etienne)\"), a* [Melody Maker](/wiki/Melody_Maker \"Melody Maker\") *journalist in the late 1980s and founding member of pop band [Saint Etienne](/wiki/Saint_Etienne_%28band%29 \"Saint Etienne (band)\"), similarly said in a 2006 interview that* C86 *represented:*\n\n> \\[the] beginning of indie music… It's hard to remember how underground guitar music and fanzines were in the mid\\-'80s; [DIY](/wiki/DIY \"DIY\") ethics and any residual punk attitudes were in isolated pockets around the country and the *C86* comp and gigs brought them together in an explosion of new groups.Bob Stanley, *Uncut* magazine, February 2006\\.\n\nMartin Whitehead, who ran [Subway](/wiki/The_Subway_Organization \"The Subway Organization\") in the late 1980s, added a new political dimension to the importance of C86*.\"Before* C86*, women could only be eye\\-candy in a band; I think* C86 *changed that \\- there were women promoting gigs, writing fanzines and running labels.\"[http://arts.guardian.co.uk/features/story/0,11710,1325674,00\\.html](http://arts.guardian.co.uk/features/story/0,11710,1325674,00.html) *\n\nSome are more ambivalent about the tape's influence. [Everett True](/wiki/Everett_True \"Everett True\"), a writer for NME *in 1986 under the name \"The Legend!\",[http://planbmag.com/blogs/staff/2005/07/22/friday\\-22\\-july/](http://planbmag.com/blogs/staff/2005/07/22/friday-22-july/) called it \"unrepresentative of its times . . . and even unrepresentative of the small narrow strata of music it thought it was representing.\" Alastair Fitchett, editor of the music site Tangents (and a fan of many of the bands on the tape), takes a polemical line: \"(The* NME*) laid the foundations for the desolate wastelands of what we came to know by that vile term '[Indie](/wiki/Indie_rock \"Indie rock\")'. What more reason do you need to hate it?\"* [The Guardian](/wiki/The_Guardian \"The Guardian\") *published an article in 2014 debunking some of the negative myths about the cassette.*\n\nIn 2022, journalist Nige Tassell published the book Whatever Happened to the C86 Kids?: An Indie Odyssey*, based on interviews with members of all 22 bands that had appeared on the cassette. It outlines the \"many and varied paths through life\" these musicians took over a period of more than three decades.*\n\nFollow\\-ups\n-----------\n\nIn 1996, NME *continued the tradition of compiling a new band album (this time a [CD](/wiki/Compact_disc \"Compact disc\")) by releasing* C96*. This had little impact, with [Mogwai](/wiki/Mogwai_%28band%29 \"Mogwai (band)\") and [Broadcast](/wiki/Broadcast_%28band%29 \"Broadcast (band)\") being the only acts on the compilation to subsequently enjoy mainstream success. Three other bands on the compilation \\- [Babybird](/wiki/Babybird \"Babybird\"), [The Delgados](/wiki/The_Delgados \"The Delgados\") and [Urusei Yatsura](/wiki/Urusei_Yatsura_%28band%29 \"Urusei Yatsura (band)\") \\- had brief success in the United Kingdom after the compilation's release.*\n\nNME have also collaborated with [Rough Trade Records](/wiki/Rough_Trade_Records \"Rough Trade Records\") to release C09 *in 2009 for [Record Store Day](/wiki/Record_Store_Day \"Record Store Day\") and with [Bose Corporation](/wiki/Bose_Corporation \"Bose Corporation\") to release* C23 *in 2023 for [South by Southwest](/wiki/South_by_Southwest \"South by Southwest\").*\n\nThe significance of C86 *was recognized by several events marking the 20th anniversary of the compilation's release in 2006:\n [Sanctuary Records](/wiki/Sanctuary_Records \"Sanctuary Records\") released* * [CD86](/wiki/CD86_%28album%29 \"CD86 (album)\")*, a double\\-CD set compiled by [Bob Stanley](/wiki/Bob_Stanley_%28Saint_Etienne%29 \"Bob Stanley (Saint Etienne)\").\n [The ICA](/wiki/Institute_of_Contemporary_Arts \"Institute of Contemporary Arts\") hosted \"*\n* C86 *\\- Still Doing It For Fun\", an exhibition and two nights of gigs celebrating the rise of British [independent music](/wiki/Independent_music \"Independent music\").*\n\n[Cherry Red](/wiki/Cherry_Red_Records \"Cherry Red Records\")'s 2014 expanded reissue was marked by an NME C86 *show on 14 June 2014 at Venue 229, London W1; acts from the original compilation included [The Wedding Present](/wiki/The_Wedding_Present \"The Wedding Present\"), [David Westlake](/wiki/David_Westlake \"David Westlake\") of [The Servants](/wiki/The_Servants \"The Servants\"), [The Wolfhounds](/wiki/The_Wolfhounds \"The Wolfhounds\") and [A Witness](/wiki/A_Witness \"A Witness\").*\n\nThe 30\\-year anniversary of C86 *saw the original compilation issued in a deluxe [gatefold](/wiki/Gatefold \"Gatefold\") sleeved double\\-[LP](/wiki/LP_record \"LP record\") edition for [Record Store Day](/wiki/Record_Store_Day \"Record Store Day\") 2016\\.*\n\n[Cherry Red Records](/wiki/Cherry_Red_Records \"Cherry Red Records\") issued an imagined [sequel](/wiki/Sequel \"Sequel\") compilation titled C87 *in 2016, followed by* C88*,* C89*,* C90*,* C91 *and the prequel* C85*.*\n\nTrack listing\n-------------\n\nSee also\n--------\n\n * [CD86 (album)](/wiki/CD86_%28album%29 \"CD86 (album)\")*[DIY ethic](/wiki/DIY_ethic \"DIY ethic\")\n[Fanzine](/wiki/Fanzine \"Fanzine\")\n[Indie pop](/wiki/Indie_pop \"Indie pop\")\n[Indie rock](/wiki/Indie_rock \"Indie rock\")*\n\t+ - * + [NME](/wiki/NME \"NME\")*[Post\\-punk](/wiki/Post-punk \"Post-punk\")\n\t\t\t\t[Punk ideologies](/wiki/Punk_ideologies \"Punk ideologies\")\n\t\t\t\t[Punk subculture](/wiki/Punk_subculture \"Punk subculture\")\n\t\t\t\t*\n\nReferences\n----------\n\nExternal sources\n----------------\n\n Bladh, Krister [*Everything went Pop!, C86 and more, A wave and its rise and wake* (pdf) 2005](https://web.archive.org/web/20060827061239/http://www.indie-mp3.net/C86%20Essay.pdf)\n \"Fire Escape Talking\",[\"Anoraky in the UK,C86, the punk that refuses to die\"](http://fireescapetalking.blogspot.com/2006/07/anoraky-in-uk-c86-punk-that-refuses-to.html) (\"Fire Escape Talking blog\", July 7, 2006\\)\n Fitchett, Alastair, [*C86*](http://unpopular.typepad.com/unpopular/2005/07/c86.html) (* + - * + - Tangents Blog*, July 25, 2005\\)\n\t\t\t\t\t Hann, Michael [*Fey City Rollers*](http://arts.guardian.co.uk/features/story/0,11710,1325674,00.html) (*\n* The Guardian*, 13 October 2004\\)\n Hasted, Nick [\"How an NME cassette launched indie music\"](https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/how-an-nme-cassette-launched-indie-music-421802.html) (\"The Independent\", October 27, 2006\\)\n Pearce, Kevin [A Different Story; The Ballad of the June Brides](http://www.tangents.co.uk/tangents/main/2001/march/junebrides.html)(*\n\t+ Tangents*, March 2001\\)\n\t Reynolds, Simon*\n* Rip It Up and Start Again: Post Punk 1978\\-1984 *(Faber and Faber, 2005\\) \n Reynolds, Simon [*The C86 Indie Scene is back*](https://web.archive.org/web/20090209054948/http://www.timeout.com/london/music/features/2167.html) (Time Out, October 23, 2006\\)\n Stanley, Bob, [*Where were you in C86?*](https://web.archive.org/web/20080704103719/http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,14932-2411784,00.html) (*\n\t+ The Times *October 20, 2006\\)\n\t True, Everett [*C86 Q\\&A*](https://web.archive.org/web/20070501212612/http://planbmag.com/blogs/staff/2005/07/22/friday-22-july/)(*\n* Plan B Blog *July 22, 2005\\)\n Wire, Nicky [*The Birth of Uncool*](http://arts.guardian.co.uk/features/story/0,,1930836,00.html)(*\n* The Guardian'', October 25, 2006\\)\n* [C86 Profile \"Indie MP3\\-Keeping C86 alive\" blog](https://web.archive.org/web/20060112071512/http://www.indie-mp3.co.uk/2006/01/c86-tape.html)\n\n[Category:1986 compilation albums](/wiki/Category:1986_compilation_albums \"1986 compilation albums\")\n[Category:Alternative rock compilation albums](/wiki/Category:Alternative_rock_compilation_albums \"Alternative rock compilation albums\")\n[Category:Indie pop albums by British artists](/wiki/Category:Indie_pop_albums_by_British_artists \"Indie pop albums by British artists\")\n[Category:Jangle pop compilation albums](/wiki/Category:Jangle_pop_compilation_albums \"Jangle pop compilation albums\")\n[Category:Post\\-punk compilation albums](/wiki/Category:Post-punk_compilation_albums \"Post-punk compilation albums\")\n[Category:Rough Trade Records compilation albums](/wiki/Category:Rough_Trade_Records_compilation_albums \"Rough Trade Records compilation albums\")\n[Category:New Musical Express](/wiki/Category:New_Musical_Express \"New Musical Express\")\n[Category:Compilation albums included with magazines](/wiki/Category:Compilation_albums_included_with_magazines \"Compilation albums included with magazines\")\n\n"
]
} |
Arnstein Finset | {
"id": [
35936988
],
"name": [
"JJMC89 bot III"
]
} | abbh9wjluobnjyydd5evuohxkugb9ip | 2023-01-12T17:28:54Z | 1,014,356,941 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n**Arnstein Finset** (born 8 July 1947\\) is a Norwegian medical psychologist currently at [University of Oslo](/wiki/University_of_Oslo \"University of Oslo\") and the Editor\\-in\\-Chief of [Elsevier](/wiki/Elsevier \"Elsevier\")'s *[Patient Education and Counseling](/wiki/Patient_Education_and_Counseling \"Patient Education and Counseling\")*.\n\nFinset was born in [Øvre Eiker](/wiki/%C3%98vre_Eiker \"Øvre Eiker\"). He took his [cand.psychol.](/wiki/Cand.psychol. \"Cand.psychol.\") degree at the University of Oslo in 1974 and the [dr.philos.](/wiki/Dr.philos. \"Dr.philos.\") degree in 1989\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1947 births](/wiki/Category:1947_births \"1947 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Academic staff of the University of Oslo](/wiki/Category:Academic_staff_of_the_University_of_Oslo \"Academic staff of the University of Oslo\")\n[Category:Norwegian psychologists](/wiki/Category:Norwegian_psychologists \"Norwegian psychologists\")\n[Category:People from Øvre Eiker](/wiki/Category:People_from_%C3%98vre_Eiker \"People from Øvre Eiker\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Canton of Wittenheim | {
"id": [
33330201
],
"name": [
"DeprecatedFixerBot"
]
} | 59ekofvlfxdge8e9856wy4rs1xuty5f | 2018-07-03T19:27:38Z | 807,361,374 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"The **[canton](/wiki/Cantons_of_France \"Cantons of France\") of Wittenheim** is an administrative division of the [Haut\\-Rhin](/wiki/Haut-Rhin \"Haut-Rhin\") [department](/wiki/Departments_of_France \"Departments of France\"), northeastern [France](/wiki/France \"France\"). Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015\\. Its seat is in [Wittenheim](/wiki/Wittenheim \"Wittenheim\").\n\nIt consists of the following communes:\n\n1. [Berrwiller](/wiki/Berrwiller \"Berrwiller\")\n2. [Bollwiller](/wiki/Bollwiller \"Bollwiller\")\n3. [Feldkirch](/wiki/Feldkirch%2C_Haut-Rhin \"Feldkirch, Haut-Rhin\")\n4. [Pulversheim](/wiki/Pulversheim \"Pulversheim\")\n5. [Ruelisheim](/wiki/Ruelisheim \"Ruelisheim\")\n6. [Staffelfelden](/wiki/Staffelfelden \"Staffelfelden\")\n7. [Ungersheim](/wiki/Ungersheim \"Ungersheim\")\n8. [Wittelsheim](/wiki/Wittelsheim \"Wittelsheim\")\n9. [Wittenheim](/wiki/Wittenheim \"Wittenheim\")\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Cantons of Haut\\-Rhin](/wiki/Category:Cantons_of_Haut-Rhin \"Cantons of Haut-Rhin\")\n\n"
]
} |
2017 Zhengzhou Women's Tennis Open – Singles | {
"id": [
28877172
],
"name": [
"Teterev53"
]
} | 134pddzgjki3yyhl84q0uubuh2replq | 2023-03-21T03:06:57Z | 1,115,072,417 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Seeds",
"Draw",
"Finals",
"Top half",
"Bottom half",
"Preliminary match",
"Qualifying",
"Seeds",
"Qualifiers",
"Qualifying draw",
"First qualifier",
"Second qualifier",
"Third qualifier",
"Fourth qualifier",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
3,
3,
3,
2,
3,
3,
3,
4,
4,
4,
4,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n[Anastasia Pivovarova](/wiki/Anastasia_Pivovarova \"Anastasia Pivovarova\") was the defending champion, but chose not to participate.\n\n[Wang Qiang](/wiki/Wang_Qiang_%28tennis%29 \"Wang Qiang (tennis)\") won the title after her opponent [Peng Shuai](/wiki/Peng_Shuai \"Peng Shuai\") retired in the final, with the score at 3–6, 7–6(7–3\\), 1–1\\.\n\n",
"Seeds\n-----\n\n1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. \n",
"Draw\n----\n\n### Finals\n\n### Top half\n\n### Bottom half\n\n### Preliminary match\n\n* Due to the WTA mistakenly accepting too many players into the main draw, the two lowest ranked players in the draw, [Jana Fett](/wiki/Jana_Fett \"Jana Fett\") and [Shiho Akita](/wiki/Shiho_Akita \"Shiho Akita\"), were forced to play a preliminary match for a spot in the main draw. The winner of the match received a spot in the main draw, whereas the loser will receive one ranking point and first round prize money.\n",
"### Finals\n\n",
"### Top half\n\n",
"### Bottom half\n\n",
"### Preliminary match\n\n* Due to the WTA mistakenly accepting too many players into the main draw, the two lowest ranked players in the draw, [Jana Fett](/wiki/Jana_Fett \"Jana Fett\") and [Shiho Akita](/wiki/Shiho_Akita \"Shiho Akita\"), were forced to play a preliminary match for a spot in the main draw. The winner of the match received a spot in the main draw, whereas the loser will receive one ranking point and first round prize money.\n",
"Qualifying\n----------\n\n### Seeds\n\n1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. \n\n### Qualifiers\n\n1. 1. 1. 1. \n\n### Qualifying draw\n\n#### First qualifier\n\n#### Second qualifier\n\n#### Third qualifier\n\n#### Fourth qualifier\n\n",
"### Seeds\n\n1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. \n",
"### Qualifiers\n\n1. 1. 1. 1. \n",
"### Qualifying draw\n\n#### First qualifier\n\n#### Second qualifier\n\n#### Third qualifier\n\n#### Fourth qualifier\n\n",
"#### First qualifier\n\n",
"#### Second qualifier\n\n",
"#### Third qualifier\n\n",
"#### Fourth qualifier\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n* [Main Draw](http://wtafiles.wtatennis.com/pdf/draws/2017/1099/MDS.pdf)\n* [Qualifying Draw](http://wtafiles.wtatennis.com/pdf/draws/2017/1099/QS.pdf)\n\n[Zhengzhou Women's Tennis Open \\- Singles](/wiki/Category:2017_WTA_125K_series \"2017 WTA 125K series\")\n[Category:Zhengzhou Open](/wiki/Category:Zhengzhou_Open \"Zhengzhou Open\")\n\n"
]
} |
Barbarin | {
"id": [
9887272
],
"name": [
"HyBn51702"
]
} | 06hk4xmkg8hjn3wfrykbl6u1x3071po | 2020-01-30T19:58:28Z | 855,147,779 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Barbarin"
],
"level": [
1
],
"content": [
"**Barbarin** may refer to:\n\n* [Barbarin, Navarre](/wiki/Barbarin%2C_Navarre \"Barbarin, Navarre\"), a town in Navarre, Spain\n* the [Tunisian Barbarin](/wiki/Tunisian_Barbarin \"Tunisian Barbarin\"), a Tunisian breed of fat\\-tailed sheep\n* The natural plant constituent 5\\-phenyl\\-1,3\\-oxazolidine\\-2\\-thione, a breakdown product of a [glucosinolate](/wiki/Glucosinolate \"Glucosinolate\") and named from its first isolation from the plant [Barbarea vulgaris](/wiki/Barbarea_vulgaris \"Barbarea vulgaris\") R. Br.\n\nSee also: \n* [Barbarin (surname)](/wiki/Barbarin_%28surname%29 \"Barbarin (surname)\")\n\n"
]
} |
National Invitational Softball Championship | {
"id": [
null
],
"name": [
"68.52.45.34"
]
} | 6dtuuiivsd9g15s13941c0uolezfyc1 | 2024-05-29T07:06:52Z | 1,226,213,291 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"Tournament play and team selection",
"Champions",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **National Invitational Softball Championship (NISC)** is a postseason women's [college softball](/wiki/College_softball \"College softball\") tournament sponsored by the [National Fastpitch Coaches Association](/wiki/National_Fastpitch_Coaches_Association \"National Fastpitch Coaches Association\") (NFCA) and operated by Triple Crown Sports, Inc., a company that produces events for college and youth athletics. The tournament is for [NCAA Division I](/wiki/NCAA_Division_I \"NCAA Division I\") teams that did not qualify for the [NCAA Division I Softball Championship](/wiki/NCAA_Division_I_Softball_Championship \"NCAA Division I Softball Championship\"). Announced in December 2016, there are to be thirty\\-two automatic qualifiers from the thirty\\-two NCAA\\-sanctioned conferences and sixteen at\\-large teams selected on the basis of their [RPI](/wiki/Rating_Percentage_Index \"Rating Percentage Index\") ranking and/or their season's performance (i.e. won\\-lost record, record versus top\\-50 teams).\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nIn September 2016, the National Fastpitch Coaches Association (NFCA) and Triple Crown Sports joined together to bring about the National Invitational Softball Championships, a 48\\-team postseason Division\\-I event designed to highlight the growth of women's softball and the depth of talent on college rosters from coast to coast.\n\nAlthough the tournament is designed to feature forty\\-eight teams in eight six\\-team regional tournaments, in the inaugural season of 2017, most teams had already allocated their resources for the season before the tournament was announced and opted out of consideration for invitations. As a result, that first tournament had only 26 teams in six regional competitions.\n\nThe tournament was canceled in 2024 due to a lack of \"sufficient team demand\", and a decision on its future will be made later in the year.\n\n",
"Tournament play and team selection\n----------------------------------\n\n*Source \\=* \n\nNew in 2022, the tournament is designed to feature eight\\-twelve teams in a Super Regional and Championship Round. The regional and Finals competitions are [double\\-elimination](/wiki/Double-elimination_tournament \"Double-elimination tournament\") tournaments will be held in Fort Collins, Colorado at the Triple Crown Sports Facility on TC Colorado Field.\n\nThirty\\-two (32\\) ***automatic qualifier*** (AQ) spots in the NISC are offered to best teams available in each of the NCAA's 32 conferences after the NCAA Tournament committee makes its picks for the [NCAA Division I Softball Championship](/wiki/NCAA_Division_I_Softball_Championship \"NCAA Division I Softball Championship\"). These AQs are the highest\\-finishing teams in their conference's regular\\-season standings that are not selected for the NCAA Tournament without regard for the team's overall record. If an AQ team declines the NISC invitation, then the conference forfeits its AQ spot, and that berth goes into the NISC ***at\\-large*** pool.\n\nThe at\\-large spots in the NISC will be filled by the top teams available. All teams from Division I shall be considered, although any team considered for an at\\-large berth must have an overall record of .500 or better or a top 50 final [NET](/wiki/Rating_percentage_index \"Rating percentage index\"). Overall record shall include conference tournament games.\n\nFirst\\-round regional pairings are determined by NET.\n\nTeams from the same conference will not meet in the first round.\n\nSite selection for all tournament games is the sole responsibility of the NISC.\n\n",
"Champions\n---------\n\n|National Invitational Softball Championship\n\n| |\n| Year | Host City(University) | Host Stadium |Final \n\n Semifinalists |\n|Winner \n\nScores \n\nRunner\\-up \n\n| [2017](/wiki/2017_National_Invitational_Softball_Championship \"2017 National Invitational Softball Championship\") | [Lynchburg, VA](/wiki/Lynchburg%2C_Virginia \"Lynchburg, Virginia\")([Liberty University](/wiki/Liberty_University \"Liberty University\")) | [Kamphuis Field atLiberty Softball Stadium](/wiki/Kamphuis_Field_at_Liberty_Softball_Stadium \"Kamphuis Field at Liberty Softball Stadium\") | [Liberty Lady Flames](/wiki/Liberty_Lady_Flames_softball \"Liberty Lady Flames softball\") |8–5 \n3–1(5\\)\\#\n\n [Lamar Cardinals](/wiki/Lamar_Cardinals_and_Lady_Cardinals \"Lamar Cardinals and Lady Cardinals\") |\n[Lamar Cardinals](/wiki/Lamar_Cardinals \"Lamar Cardinals\") \n\\& [Kennesaw State Owls](/wiki/Kennesaw_State_Owls \"Kennesaw State Owls\")\n\n|\n| [2018](/wiki/2018_National_Invitational_Softball_Championship \"2018 National Invitational Softball Championship\") | [Los Angeles, CA](/wiki/Los_Angeles%2C_California \"Los Angeles, California\")([Loyola Marymount University](/wiki/Loyola_Marymount_University \"Loyola Marymount University\")) | [Smith Field](/wiki/Loyola_Marymount_Lions_softball \"Loyola Marymount Lions softball\") | [Loyola Marymount Lions](/wiki/Loyola_Marymount_Lions_softball \"Loyola Marymount Lions softball\") |2–0 \n5–0\n\n [UC Riverside Highlanders](/wiki/UC_Riverside_Highlanders \"UC Riverside Highlanders\") |\n[Eastern Kentucky Colonels](/wiki/Eastern_Kentucky_Colonels \"Eastern Kentucky Colonels\") \\& [UT Arlington Mavericks](/wiki/UT_Arlington_Mavericks_softball \"UT Arlington Mavericks softball\")\n\n|\n| [2019](/wiki/2019_National_Invitational_Softball_Championship \"2019 National Invitational Softball Championship\") | [Fort Collins, CO](/wiki/Fort_Collins%2C_Colorado \"Fort Collins, Colorado\") | [TC Colorado Field](/wiki/TC_Colorado_Field \"TC Colorado Field\") | [UT Arlington Mavericks](/wiki/UT_Arlington_Mavericks_softball \"UT Arlington Mavericks softball\") |4\\-3\n\n [Iowa State Cyclones](/wiki/Iowa_State_Cyclones_softball \"Iowa State Cyclones softball\") |\n[Liberty Lady Flames](/wiki/Liberty_Lady_Flames_softball \"Liberty Lady Flames softball\") \\& [Loyola Marymount Lions](/wiki/Loyola_Marymount_Lions_softball \"Loyola Marymount Lions softball\")\n\n|\n| [2020](/wiki/2020_National_Invitational_Softball_Championship \"2020 National Invitational Softball Championship\") | No tournament due to the [COVID\\-19](/wiki/COVID-19 \"COVID-19\") [Pandemic](/wiki/Pandemic \"Pandemic\"). | | | | | |\n|\n| [2021](/wiki/2021_National_Invitational_Softball_Championship \"2021 National Invitational Softball Championship\") | No tournament due to the [COVID\\-19](/wiki/COVID-19 \"COVID-19\") [Pandemic](/wiki/Pandemic \"Pandemic\"). | | | | | |\n|\n| [2022](/wiki/2022_National_Invitational_Softball_Championship \"2022 National Invitational Softball Championship\") | [Fort Collins, CO](/wiki/Fort_Collins%2C_Colorado \"Fort Collins, Colorado\") | [TC Colorado Field](/wiki/TC_Colorado_Field \"TC Colorado Field\") | [Baylor Bears](/wiki/Baylor_Bears_softball \"Baylor Bears softball\") |4\\-0\n\n [UNLV](/wiki/UNLV_Rebels_softball \"UNLV Rebels softball\") |\n[Kansas Lady Jayhawks](/wiki/Kansas_Jayhawks_softball \"Kansas Jayhawks softball\") \\& [Central Arkansas Sugar Bears](/wiki/Central_Arkansas_Sugar_Bears_softball \"Central Arkansas Sugar Bears softball\")\n\n| [2023](/wiki/2023_National_Invitational_Softball_Championship \"2023 National Invitational Softball Championship\") | [Fort Collins, CO](/wiki/Fort_Collins%2C_Colorado \"Fort Collins, Colorado\") | [TC Colorado Field](/wiki/TC_Colorado_Field \"TC Colorado Field\") | [Iowa Hawkeyes](/wiki/Iowa_Hawkeyes_softball \"Iowa Hawkeyes softball\") |9\\-7\n\n [BYU Cougars](/wiki/BYU_Cougars_softball \"BYU Cougars softball\") |\n[South Dakota State Jackrabbits](/wiki/South_Dakota_State_Jackrabbits_softball \"South Dakota State Jackrabbits softball\") \\& [Maryland Terrapins](/wiki/Maryland_Terrapins_softball \"Maryland Terrapins softball\")\n\n|\n\n\\# Game 2 called after 5 innings for inclement weather.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Tournament](/wiki/Category:2017_NCAA_Division_I_softball_season \"2017 NCAA Division I softball season\")\n[Category:NCAA Division I softball](/wiki/Category:NCAA_Division_I_softball \"NCAA Division I softball\")\n\n"
]
} |
Pterostylis depauperata | {
"id": [
20695403
],
"name": [
"LicenceToCrenellate"
]
} | plkvdq4p237sm8tix8eo4js9u9ov7tj | 2023-06-16T16:43:12Z | 1,026,056,674 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Description",
"Taxonomy and naming",
"Distribution and habitat",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n* + \n\n***Pterostylis depauperata***, commonly known as the **keeled greenhood**, is a species of [orchid](/wiki/Orchid \"Orchid\") [endemic](/wiki/Endemism \"Endemism\") to [Queensland](/wiki/Queensland \"Queensland\"). Flowering plants have a [rosette](/wiki/Rosette_%28botany%29 \"Rosette (botany)\") of leaves at the base of a flowering stem with a single small white flower with pale green marks, and a few small stem leaves. Non\\-flowering plants only have a rosette of leaves. All three [sepals](/wiki/Sepal \"Sepal\") on the flower have relatively long, thread\\-like tips.\n\n",
"Description\n-----------\n\n*Pterostylis depauperata* is a terrestrial, [perennial](/wiki/Perennial_plant \"Perennial plant\"), [deciduous](/wiki/Deciduous \"Deciduous\"), [herb](/wiki/Herbaceous_plant \"Herbaceous plant\") with an underground [tuber](/wiki/Tuber \"Tuber\") and which often grows in colonies. Non\\-flowering plants have a rosette of between three and seven egg\\-shaped, greyish green leaves lying flat on the ground. Each leaf is long and wide. Flowering plants have a single flower long and wide on a flowering stem high with a few small stem leaves. The flowers are white with pale green striations. The [dorsal](/wiki/wikt:Dorsal \"Dorsal\") [sepal](/wiki/Sepal \"Sepal\") and [petals](/wiki/Petal \"Petal\") are fused, forming a hood or \"galea\" over the [column](/wiki/Column_%28botany%29 \"Column (botany)\"). The dorsal sepal has a thread\\-like tip long and [lateral](/wiki/wikt:Lateral \"Lateral\") sepals are erect, held closely against the galea and have thread\\-like tips long. The labellum is long, about wide, dark brown and curved, and just protrudes above the sinus. Flowering occurs from March to August.\n\n",
"Taxonomy and naming\n-------------------\n\n*Pterostylis depauperata* was first formally described in 1943 by [Frederick Bailey](/wiki/Frederick_Manson_Bailey \"Frederick Manson Bailey\") from a specimen collected near [Cairns](/wiki/Cairns \"Cairns\"). The description was published in the *Botany Bulletin* of the Queensland Department of Agriculture.\n\n",
"Distribution and habitat\n------------------------\n\nThe keeled greenhood grows with grasses and small shrubs in woodland and forest between [Cooktown](/wiki/Cooktown \"Cooktown\") and [Ravenshoe](/wiki/Ravenshoe \"Ravenshoe\") at altitudes above .\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[depauperata](/wiki/Category:Pterostylis \"Pterostylis\")\n[Category:Endemic orchids of Australia](/wiki/Category:Endemic_orchids_of_Australia \"Endemic orchids of Australia\")\n[Category:Orchids of New South Wales](/wiki/Category:Orchids_of_New_South_Wales \"Orchids of New South Wales\")\n[Category:Plants described in 1891](/wiki/Category:Plants_described_in_1891 \"Plants described in 1891\")\n\n"
]
} |
Eosentomon oceaniae | {
"id": [
40600116
],
"name": [
"ShortDescBot"
]
} | tk5yclh6rsyngab79dgqxbwysyd8np4 | 2021-02-28T09:02:31Z | 1,001,244,148 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Eosentomon oceaniae*** is a species of proturan in the family [Eosentomidae](/wiki/Eosentomidae \"Eosentomidae\"). It is found in Australia.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Eosentomon](/wiki/Category:Eosentomon \"Eosentomon\")\n[Category:Articles created by Qbugbot](/wiki/Category:Articles_created_by_Qbugbot \"Articles created by Qbugbot\")\n[Category:Animals described in 1975](/wiki/Category:Animals_described_in_1975 \"Animals described in 1975\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Huang Chung-yuan | {
"id": [
43240415
],
"name": [
"GuardianH"
]
} | qa7n2zjy44g5zmaal0ejficklw5fooq | 2024-10-03T15:37:36Z | 1,190,228,478 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Early career",
"Political career",
"Political stances",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Huang Chung\\-yuan** (; born 14 December 1950\\) is a Taiwanese politician. He was a member of the [Taiwan Solidarity Union](/wiki/Taiwan_Solidarity_Union \"Taiwan Solidarity Union\") for most of his two\\-term stint in the [Legislative Yuan](/wiki/Legislative_Yuan \"Legislative Yuan\") and served the party as its acting chairman from December 2004 to January 2005\\. In 2007, Huang was expelled from the TSU and joined the [Democratic Progressive Party](/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party \"Democratic Progressive Party\").\n\n",
"Early career\n------------\n\nHuang attended [Chung Hua University](/wiki/Chung_Hua_University \"Chung Hua University\") and served as president of the Industrial Park Manufacturers Federation.\n\n",
"Political career\n----------------\n\nHuang represented the newly founded [Taiwan Solidarity Union](/wiki/Taiwan_Solidarity_Union \"Taiwan Solidarity Union\") in the 2001 legislative elections, during which he was ranked first on the party's closed list. Upon taking office, he and the TSU mediated discussions between the [Kuomintang](/wiki/Kuomintang \"Kuomintang\") and [Democratic Progressive Party](/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party \"Democratic Progressive Party\"). By 2003, Huang was deputy caucus convener for the TSU and also deputy secretary\\-general for the party. He and four others formed a TSU working group to discuss SARS\\-related matters when an [outbreak of the disease](/wiki/2003_SARS_outbreak \"2003 SARS outbreak\") hit Taiwan that year. In 2004, Huang was TSU caucus whip. He assumed the party's acting chairmanship in December, and also ran for reelection to the Legislative Yuan, contesting a district seat from Taoyuan. In his stint as chairman, Huang attempted closer collaboration with the [Democratic Progressive Party](/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party \"Democratic Progressive Party\") on electoral strategy and policy proposals. Huang declared support for [Ker Chien\\-ming](/wiki/Ker_Chien-ming \"Ker Chien-ming\")'s candidacy for President of the Legislative Yuan, later joining the ticket as the [Pan\\-Green Coalition](/wiki/Pan-Green_Coalition \"Pan-Green Coalition\")'s nominee for deputy speaker. Ker and Huang lost to [Wang Jin\\-pyng](/wiki/Wang_Jin-pyng \"Wang Jin-pyng\") and [David Chung](/wiki/David_Chung_%28politician%29 \"David Chung (politician)\"), the [Pan\\-Blue Coalition](/wiki/Pan-Blue_Coalition \"Pan-Blue Coalition\")'s joint ticket. On 29 October 2007, Huang and [Liao Pen\\-yen](/wiki/Liao_Pen-yen \"Liao Pen-yen\") were expelled from the Taiwan Solidarity Union, and led others to consider leaving the party. He represented the Democratic Progressive Party in the 2008 legislative elections, and lost his seat to [Yang Li\\-huan](/wiki/Yang_Li-huan \"Yang Li-huan\").\n\n",
"Political stances\n-----------------\n\nHuang is opposed to the economic integration of Taiwan and China, stating that, if made, such links must place both countries on equal ground.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1950 births](/wiki/Category:1950_births \"1950 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Party List Members of the Legislative Yuan](/wiki/Category:Party_List_Members_of_the_Legislative_Yuan \"Party List Members of the Legislative Yuan\")\n[Category:Taiwan Solidarity Union Members of the Legislative Yuan](/wiki/Category:Taiwan_Solidarity_Union_Members_of_the_Legislative_Yuan \"Taiwan Solidarity Union Members of the Legislative Yuan\")\n[Category:Taiwan Solidarity Union chairpersons](/wiki/Category:Taiwan_Solidarity_Union_chairpersons \"Taiwan Solidarity Union chairpersons\")\n[Category:Taoyuan City Members of the Legislative Yuan](/wiki/Category:Taoyuan_City_Members_of_the_Legislative_Yuan \"Taoyuan City Members of the Legislative Yuan\")\n[Category:Democratic Progressive Party Members of the Legislative Yuan](/wiki/Category:Democratic_Progressive_Party_Members_of_the_Legislative_Yuan \"Democratic Progressive Party Members of the Legislative Yuan\")\n[Category:Members of the 5th Legislative Yuan](/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_5th_Legislative_Yuan \"Members of the 5th Legislative Yuan\")\n[Category:Members of the 6th Legislative Yuan](/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_6th_Legislative_Yuan \"Members of the 6th Legislative Yuan\")\n\n"
]
} |
Bob Olinger | {
"id": [
7903804
],
"name": [
"Citation bot"
]
} | slzhc756ysq3nj0u0anbup1g5d1dygy | 2024-04-25T22:02:44Z | 1,219,915,573 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Early life and career",
"Death",
"Controversy",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n **Robert Ameredith B. \"Pecos Bob\" Olinger** (1850 in Delphi, Indiana – April 28, 1881 in Lincoln, New Mexico) was a frontier lawman best known as the last victim of [Billy the Kid](/wiki/Billy_the_Kid \"Billy the Kid\") and as a participant in the [Lincoln County War](/wiki/Lincoln_County_War \"Lincoln County War\").\n\n",
"Early life and career\n---------------------\n\nAmeredith Robert B. Olinger was born around March 1850 to William C. Olinger and his wife Rebecca Robinson in [Carroll County, Indiana](/wiki/Carroll_County%2C_Indiana \"Carroll County, Indiana\"). They moved to Delaware, Polk County, Iowa and were living there at the time of the 1856 Iowa State Census. The Olingers then moved to Mound City, Linn County, Kansas Territory, arriving there in 1858\\. They were still there when the 1860 U.S. Census was taken. William C. Olinger died at age 37 in 1861\\. His widow, Rebecca, remarried to a Joshua Stafford. The Stafford\\-Olinger family was living in Scott, Bourbon County, Kansas in 1865\\. The family then moved to the Indian Territory, which would later become Oklahoma. The family then moved to Grayson County, Texas, about 1874, as Rebecca Stafford is listed on the County tax rolls for 1874, 1875 and 1876\\. Robert Olinger is listed in the 1875 Grayson County, Texas, tax rolls. His brother [John Wallace Olinger](/wiki/John_Wallace_Olinger \"John Wallace Olinger\") and his ranching partner, William Harrison Johnson, arrived at [Seven Rivers, New Mexico](/wiki/Seven_Rivers%2C_New_Mexico \"Seven Rivers, New Mexico\"), and stayed at the Beckwith Ranch. Robert, along with his mother, arrived sometime later.\n\nBob Olinger later participated in the [Lincoln County War](/wiki/Lincoln_County_War \"Lincoln County War\") as part of the Murphy\\-Dolan faction before being assigned as a deputy for famed lawman [Pat Garrett](/wiki/Pat_Garrett \"Pat Garrett\") after Garrett was elected Sheriff of Lincoln County in 1880\\. After the capture of Billy the Kid, Olinger was one of two deputies assigned to guard him in the Lincoln County Courthouse, the other being [James Bell](/wiki/James_Bell_%28sheriff%29 \"James Bell (sheriff)\").\n\n",
"Death\n-----\n\nOn April 28, 1881, while guarding Billy the Kid with [Bell](/wiki/James_Bell_%28sheriff%29 \"James Bell (sheriff)\"), Olinger left to go across the street to the Wortley Hotel to have lunch. During this time, \"the Kid\" overwhelmed Bell and shot him as Bell attempted to run down the courthouse stairs. Hearing the gunshots, Olinger assumed that Bell had killed the Kid and started back across the street to investigate. Meanwhile, the Kid had secured Olinger's shotgun, which he had left leaning against the wall and positioned himself in a second\\-floor window where he would see Olinger return. When Olinger was almost under him, the Kid was reported to have said \"Hello Bob!\" before shooting him with both barrels of ten\\-gauge buckshot. Olinger was struck in the breast and died instantly.\n\nEarlier in the day, Olinger had loaded the death weapon in front of the Kid, and said menacingly, \"The man that gets one of those loads will feel it.\" \"I expect he will,\" replied Billy, \"but be careful, Bob, or you might shoot yourself accidentally.\"\n\nHe is buried in an unmarked grave at Fort Stanton Cemetery, New Mexico.\n\n",
"Controversy\n-----------\n\nDespite his service as a deputy, Olinger has been widely denounced as a \"bully with a badge\" and a serial murderer. Most notably, fellow deputy Pierce Jones brought charges against Olinger for shooting an unarmed Bob Jones in the back while serving a small civil fine. The charges were dismissed, but Olinger's reputation as a bully has persisted.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1881 deaths](/wiki/Category:1881_deaths \"1881 deaths\")\n[Category:American police officers killed in the line of duty](/wiki/Category:American_police_officers_killed_in_the_line_of_duty \"American police officers killed in the line of duty\")\n[Category:Deaths by firearm in New Mexico](/wiki/Category:Deaths_by_firearm_in_New_Mexico \"Deaths by firearm in New Mexico\")\n[Category:Lawmen of the American Old West](/wiki/Category:Lawmen_of_the_American_Old_West \"Lawmen of the American Old West\")\n[Category:Lincoln County Wars](/wiki/Category:Lincoln_County_Wars \"Lincoln County Wars\")\n[Category:United States Marshals](/wiki/Category:United_States_Marshals \"United States Marshals\")\n\n"
]
} |
Kurt Kara | {
"id": [
44217690
],
"name": [
"Panamitsu"
]
} | pu1vy2bah8827rr90x4gbmqb7gj1k52 | 2024-06-16T00:17:45Z | 1,122,714,185 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Early years",
"Playing career",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Kurt Kara** (born 26 June 1989\\) is a New Zealand former professional [rugby league](/wiki/Rugby_league \"Rugby league\") footballer who played for the [Newtown Jets](/wiki/Newtown_Jets \"Newtown Jets\") in the [New South Wales Cup](/wiki/New_South_Wales_Cup \"New South Wales Cup\"), as a or .\n\n",
"Early years\n-----------\n\nKara was born in [Cambridge, New Zealand](/wiki/Cambridge%2C_New_Zealand \"Cambridge, New Zealand\"). He played his junior rugby league for the Cambridge Raiders. He is affiliated to the [Ngāti Korokī Kahukura](/wiki/Ng%C4%81ti_Korok%C4%AB_Kahukura \"Ngāti Korokī Kahukura\") and Te pai o Raukawa iwi. He played for the [Turangawaewae](/wiki/Turangawaewae \"Turangawaewae\") club, the [Waicoa Bay Stallions](/wiki/Waicoa_Bay_Stallions \"Waicoa Bay Stallions\") and the New Zealand and New Zealand Māori under\\-18 sides.\n\nHe attended [St John's College](/wiki/St_John%27s_College%2C_Hamilton \"St John's College, Hamilton\").\n\n",
"Playing career\n--------------\n\nKara was a member of the [New Zealand Warriors](/wiki/New_Zealand_Warriors \"New Zealand Warriors\") under 20's squad in 2008 and 2009 before signing on with then [NSW Cup](/wiki/NSW_Cup \"NSW Cup\") side the [Western Suburbs Magpies](/wiki/Western_Suburbs_Magpies \"Western Suburbs Magpies\") in 2010\\. In 2011, Kara signed with the [Newtown Jets](/wiki/Newtown_Jets \"Newtown Jets\").\n\nIn the 2012 NSW Cup season, Kara was part of the Newtown side which won the competition that year and played in the grand final win over the [Balmain Tigers](/wiki/Balmain_Tigers \"Balmain Tigers\"). Newtown won the match 22–18\\. At seasons end, Kara also won the clubs \"\"Person of the year\" award.\n\nIn 2013, Kara won Newtown's Best and Fairest award. He also represented [New Zealand Māori](/wiki/New_Zealand_M%C4%81ori_rugby_league_team \"New Zealand Māori rugby league team\") when they hosted the Murri Queensland Indigenous side.[New Zealand Maori Invitation XIII to play Murri Queensland Indigenous Side.](http://www.nzrl.co.nz/nzrl-associates/nz-maori-.aspx) *nzrl.co.nz*, 9 October 2013\n\nHe trained with the [Sydney Roosters](/wiki/Sydney_Roosters \"Sydney Roosters\") in the 2014 pre\\-season. In 2014 he was selected as part of the New Zealand Māori side that toured Queensland to play two matches against the Murri Queensland Indigenous team.[NRL trio named in New Zealand Maori squad](http://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/league/10598647/NRL-trio-named-in-New-Zealand-Maori-squad) *Stuff.co.nz*, 10 October 2014\n\nOn 16 October 2016, Kara played for the NZ Maori XIII against the [NZ Residents](/wiki/New_Zealand_Residents_rugby_league_team \"New Zealand Residents rugby league team\"). The NZ Residents won the match 30–10\\.\n\nOn 22 July 2017, Kara played his 150th game for Newtown against the [New Zealand Warriors](/wiki/New_Zealand_Warriors \"New Zealand Warriors\") at Henson Park. Newtown won the match 38–12\\. It was the first time a player had played in 150 games for Newtown in reserve grade.\n\nHe retired at the end of the 2017 season, returning to Hamilton.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1989 births](/wiki/Category:1989_births \"1989 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:New Zealand Māori rugby league team players](/wiki/Category:New_Zealand_M%C4%81ori_rugby_league_team_players \"New Zealand Māori rugby league team players\")\n[Category:New Zealand rugby league players](/wiki/Category:New_Zealand_rugby_league_players \"New Zealand rugby league players\")\n[Category:Newtown Jets NSW Cup players](/wiki/Category:Newtown_Jets_NSW_Cup_players \"Newtown Jets NSW Cup players\")\n[Category:Ngāti Korokī Kahukura people](/wiki/Category:Ng%C4%81ti_Korok%C4%AB_Kahukura_people \"Ngāti Korokī Kahukura people\")\n[Category:People educated at St John's College, Hamilton](/wiki/Category:People_educated_at_St_John%27s_College%2C_Hamilton \"People educated at St John's College, Hamilton\")\n[Category:Rugby league halfbacks](/wiki/Category:Rugby_league_halfbacks \"Rugby league halfbacks\")\n[Category:Rugby league hookers](/wiki/Category:Rugby_league_hookers \"Rugby league hookers\")\n[Category:Sportspeople from Cambridge, New Zealand](/wiki/Category:Sportspeople_from_Cambridge%2C_New_Zealand \"Sportspeople from Cambridge, New Zealand\")\n[Category:Waicoa Bay Stallions players](/wiki/Category:Waicoa_Bay_Stallions_players \"Waicoa Bay Stallions players\")\n[Category:Western Suburbs Magpies NSW Cup players](/wiki/Category:Western_Suburbs_Magpies_NSW_Cup_players \"Western Suburbs Magpies NSW Cup players\")\n[Category:Rugby league players from Waikato](/wiki/Category:Rugby_league_players_from_Waikato \"Rugby league players from Waikato\")\n\n"
]
} |
Foreign Miners' Tax Act of 1850 | {
"id": [
47024568
],
"name": [
"The First Legionnaire"
]
} | 1nxyl6fy2hyoetd1ndxsakxgd99gaye | 2024-09-24T20:31:48Z | 1,247,553,881 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Background",
"The Act",
"Passage",
"Statement",
"Response",
"Modification to exclude free whites and people eligible for citizenship",
"Sonora protest",
"Revenue shortfall and effect on Mexican and Chinese miners",
"Repeal",
"Subsequent legislation",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
3,
2,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **Foreign Miners' Tax Act of 1850** (official name **An Act for the better regulation of the Mines and the government of foreign Miners**, nickname *the miserable law of 20 piastres*) was an Act passed by the [United States](/wiki/United_States \"United States\") state of [California](/wiki/California \"California\") in 1850, imposing a tax of $20/month on foreign miners. The Act was repealed in 1851, and subsequently replaced by the Foreign Miners' License Tax Act of 1852, that charged $3/month. Both were in response to public dislike of Chinese miners.\n\n",
"Background\n----------\n\nIn 1848, the [Mexican–American War](/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War \"Mexican–American War\") concluded and Alta California (that includes the modern US state of California, plus nearby regions) became part of the United States. At around the same time, gold was discovered in California, leading to an influx of miners into California, both from within the United States, and from other regions, primarily China and Latin America (including Mexico, Peru, and Guatemala). This was the beginning of the [California gold rush](/wiki/California_gold_rush \"California gold rush\").\n\nThe competition from foreign miners would lead to resentment among the white miners, leading to calls to limit foreign competition in mining.\n\nOn December 20, 1849, [Peter Hardeman Burnett](/wiki/Peter_Hardeman_Burnett \"Peter Hardeman Burnett\") became the first Governor of the state of California. Burnett was a proponent of the state's exclusionary policies towards foreign miners, and in particular Chinese ones (he would later support the [Chinese Exclusion Act](/wiki/Chinese_Exclusion_Act \"Chinese Exclusion Act\"), and also pushed for blacks to leave the state of California or face public flogging).\n\n",
"The Act\n-------\n\n### Passage\n\nThe Act was signed into law by Governor [Peter Hardeman Burnett](/wiki/Peter_Hardeman_Burnett \"Peter Hardeman Burnett\") on Saturday, April 13, 1850\\. The text of the Act was advertised in California newspapers over the next two weeks.\n\n### Statement\n\nThe Act stated that all miners in the state of California who were not citizens of the United States, and who had not become citizens by the [Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo](/wiki/Treaty_of_Guadalupe_Hidalgo \"Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo\") had to pay a monthly fee of $20, equivalent to several hundred dollars in current United States dollars (sources include estimates of $400 and $500\\). Of this, the tax collector would keep $3 and the rest would be remitted to the state. The goal of the Act was to raise $200,000 in revenue for the state. A special exemption covered California's Native Americans.\n\n",
"### Passage\n\nThe Act was signed into law by Governor [Peter Hardeman Burnett](/wiki/Peter_Hardeman_Burnett \"Peter Hardeman Burnett\") on Saturday, April 13, 1850\\. The text of the Act was advertised in California newspapers over the next two weeks.\n\n",
"### Statement\n\nThe Act stated that all miners in the state of California who were not citizens of the United States, and who had not become citizens by the [Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo](/wiki/Treaty_of_Guadalupe_Hidalgo \"Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo\") had to pay a monthly fee of $20, equivalent to several hundred dollars in current United States dollars (sources include estimates of $400 and $500\\). Of this, the tax collector would keep $3 and the rest would be remitted to the state. The goal of the Act was to raise $200,000 in revenue for the state. A special exemption covered California's Native Americans.\n\n",
"Response\n--------\n\n### Modification to exclude free whites and people eligible for citizenship\n\nThe Act met with protests from Irish, English, Canadian, and German miners, and was rewritten to exempt any miner who was a \"free white person\" or any miner who could become an American citizen (the \"free white person\" designation was borrowed from the [Naturalization Act of 1790](/wiki/Naturalization_Act_of_1790 \"Naturalization Act of 1790\")).\n\n### Sonora protest\n\nOn Sunday, May 19, 1850, a group of about 4,000 mostly Mexican and Peruvian miners, led by two exiled French miners, protested against the tax in the plaza in [Sonora](/wiki/Sonora%2C_California \"Sonora, California\"), [Tuolumne County](/wiki/Tuolumne_County%2C_California \"Tuolumne County, California\"). They were chased by a volunteer militia comprising about 500 tax collectors and Anglo miners. The protest broke up after some of the Anglos raised their rifles and fired on the rebels.\n\n### Revenue shortfall and effect on Mexican and Chinese miners\n\nThe Act had a number of effects:\n* It raised much less revenue than expected, primarily because a number of Mexican and Chinese miners quit mining in response to the Act.\n* While both Mexican and Chinese miners quit in large numbers, and many mining camps depopulated, the effect on their presence in the country was different: many Mexicans returned home, whereas Chinese mostly moved to the cities in an impoverished state, further increasing resentment felt by whites toward the Chinese.\n* Landowners and merchants in Tuolumne County were concerned about the drop in rents and prices and the decrease in demand in their region due to the exodus of miners. They lobbied for the repeal of the tax.\n\n### Repeal\n\nOn January 9, 1851, [John McDougall](/wiki/John_McDougall_%28California_politician%29 \"John McDougall (California politician)\") (sometimes spelled John McDougal) succeeded Peter Burnett as California governor. Unlike his predecessor and successor, McDougall had a favorable view of Chinese immigration, and saw it as a way to cope with California's labor shortage, proposing to employ Chinese immigrants in projects to reclaim swamps and flooded lands. Under McDougall's governorship, the Act was repealed in 1851\\.\n\n### Subsequent legislation\n\nA new Foreign Miners' License Tax was introduced in 1852 under Governor [John Bigler](/wiki/John_Bigler \"John Bigler\"), who, like Burnett (but unlike McDougal) was not friendly to Chinese immigration. The new tax was $3/month, unlike the original $20/month, and it would rise gradually over the next few years.\n\n",
"### Modification to exclude free whites and people eligible for citizenship\n\nThe Act met with protests from Irish, English, Canadian, and German miners, and was rewritten to exempt any miner who was a \"free white person\" or any miner who could become an American citizen (the \"free white person\" designation was borrowed from the [Naturalization Act of 1790](/wiki/Naturalization_Act_of_1790 \"Naturalization Act of 1790\")).\n\n",
"### Sonora protest\n\nOn Sunday, May 19, 1850, a group of about 4,000 mostly Mexican and Peruvian miners, led by two exiled French miners, protested against the tax in the plaza in [Sonora](/wiki/Sonora%2C_California \"Sonora, California\"), [Tuolumne County](/wiki/Tuolumne_County%2C_California \"Tuolumne County, California\"). They were chased by a volunteer militia comprising about 500 tax collectors and Anglo miners. The protest broke up after some of the Anglos raised their rifles and fired on the rebels.\n\n",
"### Revenue shortfall and effect on Mexican and Chinese miners\n\nThe Act had a number of effects:\n* It raised much less revenue than expected, primarily because a number of Mexican and Chinese miners quit mining in response to the Act.\n* While both Mexican and Chinese miners quit in large numbers, and many mining camps depopulated, the effect on their presence in the country was different: many Mexicans returned home, whereas Chinese mostly moved to the cities in an impoverished state, further increasing resentment felt by whites toward the Chinese.\n* Landowners and merchants in Tuolumne County were concerned about the drop in rents and prices and the decrease in demand in their region due to the exodus of miners. They lobbied for the repeal of the tax.\n\n",
"### Repeal\n\nOn January 9, 1851, [John McDougall](/wiki/John_McDougall_%28California_politician%29 \"John McDougall (California politician)\") (sometimes spelled John McDougal) succeeded Peter Burnett as California governor. Unlike his predecessor and successor, McDougall had a favorable view of Chinese immigration, and saw it as a way to cope with California's labor shortage, proposing to employ Chinese immigrants in projects to reclaim swamps and flooded lands. Under McDougall's governorship, the Act was repealed in 1851\\.\n\n",
"### Subsequent legislation\n\nA new Foreign Miners' License Tax was introduced in 1852 under Governor [John Bigler](/wiki/John_Bigler \"John Bigler\"), who, like Burnett (but unlike McDougal) was not friendly to Chinese immigration. The new tax was $3/month, unlike the original $20/month, and it would rise gradually over the next few years.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* *[People v. Hall](/wiki/People_v._Hall \"People v. Hall\")*\n* [Greaser Act](/wiki/Greaser_Act \"Greaser Act\")\n* [Act for the Government and Protection of Indians](/wiki/Act_for_the_Government_and_Protection_of_Indians \"Act for the Government and Protection of Indians\")\n* [List of historical acts of tax resistance](/wiki/List_of_historical_acts_of_tax_resistance \"List of historical acts of tax resistance\")\n* [History of coal miners](/wiki/History_of_coal_miners \"History of coal miners\")\n* [History of Chinese Americans](/wiki/History_of_Chinese_Americans \"History of Chinese Americans\")\n* [California gold rush](/wiki/California_gold_rush \"California gold rush\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Foreign Miners Tax documents, 1850\\-1867\\.](https://oac.cdlib.org/search?style=oac4;Institution=California%20State%20Library::California%20History%20Room;idT=001482545)\n\n[Category:California law](/wiki/Category:California_law \"California law\")\n\n"
]
} |
Ticketer | {
"id": [
2851957
],
"name": [
"Jös"
]
} | 6hvafciacaolll2a7rrprsttp9ovxxn | 2024-05-03T00:03:23Z | 1,184,225,517 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History and development",
"Features",
"Products",
"Ticketer Large",
"Ticketer Compact",
"Handheld ETM",
"Ticketer in a Case",
"Usage",
"Problems",
"Notes",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
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2,
2,
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2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Ticketer** is the brand name for a range of [electronic ticket machines](/wiki/Electronic_ticket_machine \"Electronic ticket machine\") provided by British company Corvia Ltd, primarily for usage on [buses](/wiki/Buses \"Buses\"). The [cloud\\-based](/wiki/Cloud_computing \"Cloud computing\") system, first marketed on a small scale in 2008, has since developed into a rival to the three major ticket issuing systems used by bus companies throughout Britain.\n\n",
"History and development\n-----------------------\n\nTicketer was developed in the mid\\-2000s by two former employees of Wayfarer Transit Systems, a major supplier of public transport fare collection systems. The company they set up dealt with small, independent bus operators, many of which used Wayfarer machines but wanted a simpler system which was easier to upgrade and configure in\\-house. In partnership with a [mobile app developer](/wiki/Mobile_app_development \"Mobile app development\"), the company set up a prototype consisting of a [thermal printer](/wiki/Thermal_printing \"Thermal printing\") and a [mobile computer](/wiki/Mobile_computing \"Mobile computing\") running on the [Android](/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29 \"Android (operating system)\") platform. Independent operator [Courtney Buses](/wiki/Courtney_Buses \"Courtney Buses\") trialled this system during 2007 and 2008; a modified version was then designed and offered for sale under the Ticketer brand. In 2009 the newly formed company Corvia Ltd bought the rights to the system and began to market it widely, particularly to independent bus operators.\n\nIn September 2018, [private equity](/wiki/Private_equity \"Private equity\") firm Tenzing invested in Ticketer. In 2019, Ticketer acquired [FARA](/wiki/FARA_%28selskap%29 \"FARA (selskap)\"), a transport ticketing company in the [Nordics](/wiki/Nordic_countries \"Nordic countries\"). In 2020, Ticketer won a [Queen's Awards for Enterprise](/wiki/Queen%27s_Awards_for_Enterprise \"Queen's Awards for Enterprise\") in the Innovation category.\n\n",
"Features\n--------\n\nThere are three parts to the Ticketer system's hardware, and all are generic \"off\\-the\\-shelf\" products which can be replaced individually if necessary. There is a rugged touch\\-screen mobile computer with a built\\-in [GPS beacon](/wiki/GPS_tracking_unit%23Data_pushers \"GPS tracking unit#Data pushers\") that forms the control unit. This is connected to a thermal printer. A [smartcard reader](/wiki/Card_reader%23Smart_card_readers \"Card reader#Smart card readers\") with [ITSO compatibility](/wiki/ITSO_Ltd \"ITSO Ltd\") is mounted alongside this. The built\\-in [GPS](/wiki/GPS \"GPS\") means that the ticket machines double up as a tracking device, and they communicate back to the office via [GPRS](/wiki/GPRS \"GPRS\").\n\nCorvia licenses out the Ticketer system per machine, allowing for an unlimited number of concurrent uses of the ticket machine. Ticketer requires no depot infrastructure to run; instead, it is run as a cloud\\-based [software as a service](/wiki/Software_as_a_service \"Software as a service\") (SaaS). Older ticket issuing systems required machines to be returned to a depot for data transfer—either wirelessly via a [local area network](/wiki/Local_area_network \"Local area network\") or physically using an external module into which the machine would be docked.\n\nMessages between the driver and depot can also be sent via the ticket machine and fares can easily be changed through an online portal. All configuration of fares, route data and graphical features on tickets (such as operator logos and customised advertisements—a feature developed in 2017\\) is done through a [secure](/wiki/Secure_communication \"Secure communication\") web\\-based interface accessible through any device with online access. Updates are downloaded to machines in real time via GPRS.\n\nSince early 2017 Ticketer has fully supported [contactless payment](/wiki/Contactless_payment \"Contactless payment\"), and has been used on buses in order to introduce such technology. The system collects such payments from one customer into one large transaction, which cuts down on charges received when dealing with card payments. Around the same time, separate [2D barcode](/wiki/Barcode%23Matrix_%282D%29_barcodes \"Barcode#Matrix (2D) barcodes\") scanners were introduced and can be added on to the system, and barcodes have started to be printed on certain types of ticket.\n\nIn 2020, during the [COVID\\-19 pandemic](/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic \"COVID-19 pandemic\"), Ticketer added a passenger counting feature, allowing operators to limit the number of passengers on a bus as a [social distancing](/wiki/Social_distancing_measures_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Social distancing measures related to the COVID-19 pandemic\") measure. Live passenger counts can be displayed on websites and apps.\n\nIn 2021, Ticketer piloted a road restriction alert feature, where the ticket machine alerts the driver about road restrictions such as low bridges, intended to help prevent [bridge strikes](/wiki/Structure_gauge%23Accidents \"Structure gauge#Accidents\").\n\n",
"Products\n--------\n\nThere are four types of ticket machine sold under the Ticketer brand, with different hardware designs for different purposes. All hardware is manufactured in the [United Kingdom](/wiki/United_Kingdom \"United Kingdom\"), and the software is also developed in the UK. Tickets from each system are similar; most differences are attributable to the different printers used.\n\n### Ticketer Large\n\n[thumb\\|200px\\|A bus ticket issued from a Ticketer Large ticket machine on a [Bluestar](/wiki/Bluestar_%28bus_company%29 \"Bluestar (bus company)\") bus. The [QR code](/wiki/QR_code \"QR code\") at the bottom allows the validity of the ticket to be digitally verified.](/wiki/File:Ticketerlargeticket.jpg \"Ticketerlargeticket.jpg\")\nThe \"most popular\" ticket machine, Ticketer Large, is designed for busy urban routes. It is a fixed point solution, with an [ITSO](/wiki/ITSO_Ltd \"ITSO Ltd\")\\-compliant [smart card](/wiki/Smart_card \"Smart card\") reader, printer and an [electronic point of sale](/wiki/Electronic_point_of_sale \"Electronic point of sale\") machine. This was the original Ticketer system; the other three machines, which differ only in their hardware, were developed by Corvia at the request of bus operators who had special requirements.\n\n### Ticketer Compact\n\nA smaller version of the large system, Ticketer Compact, is designed for buses where passengers alight away from the driver. The printer is smaller and the card reader is mounted on top of it. There is no [QR code](/wiki/QR_code \"QR code\") reader. It is used especially by \"community bus\" operators which use small vehicles with non\\-standard interior layouts.\n\n### Handheld ETM\n\nA completely mobile machine, named \"Handheld ETM\", was launched in 2014\\. It is an all\\-in\\-one solution designed for instances where fixed machines cannot be used, with the same functionality. The control unit, printer and card reader are mounted together in a portable case which can also be fixed inside a bus if necessary. Users include operators of occasional services or routes on which tickets would rarely be issued (such as school buses).\n\n### Ticketer in a Case\n\nThis is identical to the Ticketer Large but is mounted onto the side of a [stainless steel](/wiki/Stainless_steel \"Stainless steel\") case and can be operated by mains power. It is intended for semi\\-mobile solutions, such as where a machine may need to be used outside the bus.\n\n",
"### Ticketer Large\n\n[thumb\\|200px\\|A bus ticket issued from a Ticketer Large ticket machine on a [Bluestar](/wiki/Bluestar_%28bus_company%29 \"Bluestar (bus company)\") bus. The [QR code](/wiki/QR_code \"QR code\") at the bottom allows the validity of the ticket to be digitally verified.](/wiki/File:Ticketerlargeticket.jpg \"Ticketerlargeticket.jpg\")\nThe \"most popular\" ticket machine, Ticketer Large, is designed for busy urban routes. It is a fixed point solution, with an [ITSO](/wiki/ITSO_Ltd \"ITSO Ltd\")\\-compliant [smart card](/wiki/Smart_card \"Smart card\") reader, printer and an [electronic point of sale](/wiki/Electronic_point_of_sale \"Electronic point of sale\") machine. This was the original Ticketer system; the other three machines, which differ only in their hardware, were developed by Corvia at the request of bus operators who had special requirements.\n\n",
"### Ticketer Compact\n\nA smaller version of the large system, Ticketer Compact, is designed for buses where passengers alight away from the driver. The printer is smaller and the card reader is mounted on top of it. There is no [QR code](/wiki/QR_code \"QR code\") reader. It is used especially by \"community bus\" operators which use small vehicles with non\\-standard interior layouts.\n\n",
"### Handheld ETM\n\nA completely mobile machine, named \"Handheld ETM\", was launched in 2014\\. It is an all\\-in\\-one solution designed for instances where fixed machines cannot be used, with the same functionality. The control unit, printer and card reader are mounted together in a portable case which can also be fixed inside a bus if necessary. Users include operators of occasional services or routes on which tickets would rarely be issued (such as school buses).\n\n",
"### Ticketer in a Case\n\nThis is identical to the Ticketer Large but is mounted onto the side of a [stainless steel](/wiki/Stainless_steel \"Stainless steel\") case and can be operated by mains power. It is intended for semi\\-mobile solutions, such as where a machine may need to be used outside the bus.\n\n",
"Usage\n-----\n\nUntil Ticketer was launched, most bus companies used ticket machines from one of three rival companies: Metric Group Ltd's Almex system, the Wayfarer system of Parkeon, and [Vix Technology](/wiki/Vix_Technology \"Vix Technology\")'s Vix\\-ERG system. Most early users were small independent operators and municipally owned bus companies, but the placing of orders in early 2017 by the [Oxford Bus Company](/wiki/Oxford_Bus_Company \"Oxford Bus Company\") and [First Glasgow](/wiki/First_Glasgow \"First Glasgow\") presaged the large transport groups such as [FirstGroup](/wiki/FirstGroup \"FirstGroup\") and [Go\\-Ahead Group](/wiki/Go-Ahead_Group \"Go-Ahead Group\") adopting Ticketer more widely. It was adopted by both [Oxford Bus Company](/wiki/Oxford_Bus_Company \"Oxford Bus Company\") (whose order included a Handheld ETM terminal for use at the [Gloucester Green](/wiki/Gloucester_Green \"Gloucester Green\") bus station in Oxford) and [Thames Travel](/wiki/Thames_Travel \"Thames Travel\") in late March 2017; and FirstGroup's [Aberdeen](/wiki/First_Aberdeen \"First Aberdeen\") and [Hampshire \\& Dorset](/wiki/First_Hampshire_%26_Dorset \"First Hampshire & Dorset\") divisions adopted it in early April 2017 and late July 2017 respectively.\n\nFirstGroup completed the implementation of the Ticketer machines in 2018\\. In 2019, Arriva completed their rollout of the Ticketer Standard machine, alongside all non\\-London Go\\-Ahead Group companies.\n\nIn 2023, [Transport for Greater Manchester](/wiki/Transport_for_Greater_Manchester \"Transport for Greater Manchester\") awarded Ticketer a contract to supply ticket machines for the region's new franchised [Bee Network](/wiki/Bee_Network \"Bee Network\") bus services from September 2023\\. The machines will be the next generation model, based on an Android [tablet computer](/wiki/Tablet_computer \"Tablet computer\").\n\n",
"Problems\n--------\n\nIn the case of Reading Buses, 11,500 pre\\-paid [smart cards](/wiki/Smart_cards \"Smart cards\") had to be reissued so they were able to work with Ticketer.\n\n",
"Notes\n-----\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Point of sale companies](/wiki/Category:Point_of_sale_companies \"Point of sale companies\")\n[Category:Fare collection systems in the United Kingdom](/wiki/Category:Fare_collection_systems_in_the_United_Kingdom \"Fare collection systems in the United Kingdom\")\n[Category:Travel technology](/wiki/Category:Travel_technology \"Travel technology\")\n\n"
]
} |
Veso Bey alphabet | {
"id": [
205121
],
"name": [
"Koavf"
]
} | 0oxi19hojz38tapr57m3a9gqcm50fs4 | 2024-03-22T15:39:08Z | 1,215,007,121 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"Script",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n[thumb\\|350px\\|Veso Bey script](/wiki/File:Alfabeti_i_Veso_bej.png \"Alfabeti i Veso bej.png\")\nThe **Gjirokastër alphabet**, also known as **Veso Bey alphabet**, is one of the original [Albanian language](/wiki/Albanian_language \"Albanian language\") [alphabets](/wiki/Albanian_alphabet \"Albanian alphabet\") of the 19th century. It is named after the town of [Gjirokastër](/wiki/Gjirokast%C3%ABr \"Gjirokastër\") in South Albania where it was first encountered by the scholar [Johann Georg von Hahn](/wiki/Johann_Georg_von_Hahn \"Johann Georg von Hahn\"), also after Veso Bey, a rich local [bey](/wiki/Bey \"Bey\") from the influential Alizoti family who provided it to Hahn. Hahn published in 1854 in his \"Albanesische Studien\", in [Jena](/wiki/Jena \"Jena\"). [The Elbasan Gospel Manuscript (Anonimi i Elbasanit), 1761, and the struggle for an original Albanian alphabet by Robert Elsie](http://www.elsie.de/pdf/articles/A1995ElbasanMs_Fig.pdf)\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nAccording to Hahn, the alphabet was given to him by Veso bey, and had been used that far within Alizoti family circles.\n\n",
"Script\n------\n\nThe alphabet, probably cryptic, contains 22 letters.[Old Albanian Scripts](https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2009/09328-old-albanian.pdf)\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Vithkuqi alphabet](/wiki/Vithkuqi_alphabet \"Vithkuqi alphabet\")\n* [Vellara alphabet](/wiki/Vellara_alphabet \"Vellara alphabet\")\n* [Elbasan alphabet](/wiki/Elbasan_alphabet \"Elbasan alphabet\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Albanian scripts](/wiki/Category:Albanian_scripts \"Albanian scripts\")\n[Category:Alphabets](/wiki/Category:Alphabets \"Alphabets\")\n[Category:Albanian inventions](/wiki/Category:Albanian_inventions \"Albanian inventions\")\n[Category:Obsolete writing systems](/wiki/Category:Obsolete_writing_systems \"Obsolete writing systems\")\n[Category:Constructed scripts](/wiki/Category:Constructed_scripts \"Constructed scripts\")\n[Category:19th\\-century introductions](/wiki/Category:19th-century_introductions \"19th-century introductions\")\n\n"
]
} |
New York City Police Department Aviation Unit | {
"id": [
45228952
],
"name": [
"VioletEscalator"
]
} | 5qpr2tifpge50u0iivmnxatu6jamdd1 | 2024-08-31T00:14:39Z | 1,230,162,652 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"Background",
"Formation",
"Re-establishment",
"Unit Citation Award",
"Rise in spending",
"Capabilities",
"Law enforcement",
"Search and rescue",
"Counter-terrorism",
"Fleet",
"Personnel",
"Notable incidents",
"Accidents",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
2,
3,
3,
3,
2,
2,
2,
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"content": [
"\n\nThe **New York City Police Department Aviation Unit** is a division of the [New York City Police Department (NYPD)](/wiki/New_York_City_Police_Department \"New York City Police Department\") focused on airborne [law enforcement](/wiki/Law_enforcement \"Law enforcement\") and public safety. Operating under command of the [NYPD Special Operations Bureau](/wiki/NYPD_Special_Operations_Bureau \"NYPD Special Operations Bureau\"), the unit frequently works alongside partner agencies like the [NYPD Harbor Unit](/wiki/NYPD_Harbor_Unit \"NYPD Harbor Unit\") and [United States Coast Guard (USCG)](/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard \"United States Coast Guard\") to service [New York City](/wiki/New_York_City \"New York City\") and its [surrounding waters](/wiki/New_York_Harbor \"New York Harbor\"). The unit is headquartered at [Floyd Bennett Field](/wiki/Floyd_Bennett_Field \"Floyd Bennett Field\") in [Brooklyn](/wiki/Brooklyn \"Brooklyn\"), and boasts emergency response times within 8–10 minutes to most parts of the city.\n\nIn March 2021, [Airbus Helicopters](/wiki/Airbus_Helicopters \"Airbus Helicopters\") responded to a [request for proposal (RFP)](/wiki/Request_for_proposal \"Request for proposal\") from the unit to replace its [Bell 412EP](/wiki/Bell_412 \"Bell 412\") search and rescue helicopters with two new [H175](/wiki/Airbus_Helicopters_H175 \"Airbus Helicopters H175\") models.\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\n### Background\n\nInitial development of aviation as an urban policing tool was rooted in national security concerns stemming from the [United States' entry into World War I](/wiki/American_entry_into_World_War_I \"American entry into World War I\"). Early 20th century fears of foreign sabotage in the US were compounded by domestic political violence related to [Anarchist](/wiki/Anarchism%23Modern_era \"Anarchism#Modern era\") and [Labor](/wiki/Labor_history_of_the_United_States \"Labor history of the United States\") movements, plus the 1916 [federalization](/wiki/National_Defense_Act_of_1916 \"National Defense Act of 1916\") and mobilization of the [National Guard](/wiki/National_Guard_%28United_States%29 \"National Guard (United States)\") had left many states (and their municipalities) feeling unprepared to handle internal emergencies without organized security forces of their own.\n\nIn [New York City](/wiki/New_York_City \"New York City\"), this perceived vulnerability was addressed by the 1916 formation of the [Home Defense League](/wiki/New_York_City_Police_Department_Auxiliary_Police \"New York City Police Department Auxiliary Police\") under Police Commissioner [Arthur H. Woods](/wiki/Arthur_H._Woods \"Arthur H. Woods\"). That unit was reorganized in 1918 as the [Reserve Police Force](/wiki/New_York_City_Reserve_Police_Force \"New York City Reserve Police Force\") under Special Deputy Commissioner [Rodman Wanamaker](/wiki/Rodman_Wanamaker \"Rodman Wanamaker\"), and split into both a reserve component and a training corps. While the Reserve was a general\\-purpose body, SDC Wanamaker—an early aviation investor and friend of [Glenn Curtiss](/wiki/Glenn_Curtiss \"Glenn Curtiss\")—envisioned a volunteer aviation squadron within its ranks. External events, like the [Black Tom explosion](/wiki/Black_Tom_explosion \"Black Tom explosion\") and specifically the [Morgan Munitions Depot explosion](/wiki/T._A._Gillespie_Company_Shell_Loading_Plant_explosion \"T. A. Gillespie Company Shell Loading Plant explosion\"), reinforced the need for such a capability. In the latter, private pilots at nearby [Roosevelt Field](/wiki/Roosevelt_Field_%28airport%29 \"Roosevelt Field (airport)\") were asked by New York City officials to survey the disaster in real\\-time. Their efforts provided valuable reconnaissance for firefighters on the ground and cemented the NYPD leadership's resolve to launch a professional air wing of its own.\n\nOne month later, the [Armistice of November 1918](/wiki/Armistice_of_11_November_1918 \"Armistice of 11 November 1918\") ended the war and brought home thousands of American service members—many of them newly trained airmen who would soon participate in the booming [US aviation industry](/wiki/Aviation_in_the_United_States \"Aviation in the United States\"). While the end of hostilities alleviated some national security concerns, Police leadership still realized that peacetime [regulation](/wiki/Aviation_regulations \"Aviation regulations\") would be needed as airplanes became mainstream technology. As Colonel [Jefferson De Mont Thompson](/wiki/Jefferson_De_Mont_Thompson \"Jefferson De Mont Thompson\")—soon to become New York's first chief of aerial police—put it, \"If traffic rules and regulations are necessary to keep order where streets and courses are plainly marked, it is doubly important that there be those aloft invested with authority to preserve safety.\" In addition to regulatory enforcement, he laid out several potential missions for the fledgling unit including [maritime search and rescue](/wiki/Maritime_search_and_rescue \"Maritime search and rescue\"), riot control, and firefighting direction.\n\n### Formation\n\n[thumb\\|300x300px\\|[Curtiss](/wiki/Curtiss_Aeroplane_and_Motor_Company \"Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company\") JN\\-series biplanes of the NYPD Reserve departing for a patrol mission (circa 1919\\)](/wiki/File:NYPD_Curtiss_JN_biplanes.jpg \"NYPD Curtiss JN biplanes.jpg\")[thumb\\|300x300px\\|Drawing of NYPD Salmson biplane piloted by [Granville A. Pollock](/wiki/Granville_A._Pollock \"Granville A. Pollock\"), originally published in [The Illustrated London News](/wiki/The_Illustrated_London_News \"The Illustrated London News\"), February 28, 1920\\.](/wiki/File:NYPD_Salmson_biplane.jpg \"NYPD Salmson biplane.jpg\")\nIn December 1918 [The New York Times](/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\") announced the world's first Aerial Police Reserve, citing consultant and aviation journalist [Henry Woodhouse](/wiki/Henry_Woodhouse_%28forger%29 \"Henry Woodhouse (forger)\"):\n\nOn March 28, 1919, an initial cadre of 26 aerial police officers were sworn in from a pool of over 125 applicants. [Colonel Jefferson De Mont Thompson](/wiki/Jefferson_De_Mont_Thompson \"Jefferson De Mont Thompson\") was appointed Chief, and [Granville A. Pollock](/wiki/Granville_A._Pollock \"Granville A. Pollock\") its commanding officer. The unit's first official flight took place on April 30, 1919, from [Sheepshead Bay Race Track](/wiki/Sheepshead_Bay_Race_Track \"Sheepshead Bay Race Track\") destined for [Philadelphia, PA](/wiki/Philadelphia \"Philadelphia\").\n\nEarly visions of the unit's mission and tactics invoked a highly militarized tone; its first airplanes were armed with [machine guns](/wiki/Machine_gun \"Machine gun\") and [tracer ammunition](/wiki/Tracer_ammunition \"Tracer ammunition\"). Newspapers also imagined [dogfights](/wiki/Dogfight \"Dogfight\") against \"sky pirates\" or the hunting\\-down of \"river pirates\" in the city's waterways, and even published headlines like \"Armed With Machine Guns, They Open the Season's Campaign on Air Traffic Violators.\"\n\nBy May 1919, the reserve numbered 150 airmen and 7 Department\\-owned airplanes, each equipped with [wireless telephones and telegraphs](/wiki/Wireless_telegraphy \"Wireless telegraphy\"). In October of that year, the department announced recruitment for a new women's aviation corps. [Laura Bromwell](/wiki/Laura_Bromwell \"Laura Bromwell\") was the first graduate of this program, becoming the world's first aerial policewoman at 21 years of age.\n\nThe NYPD Annual Report for 1920 counted the unit's assets as two seaplanes, two landplanes, and three \"flying stations\" located on the Hudson River, at [Fort Hamilton](/wiki/Fort_Hamilton \"Fort Hamilton\"), and a site which eventually became [Leif Ericson Park](/wiki/Leif_Ericson_Park \"Leif Ericson Park\") in [Brooklyn](/wiki/Brooklyn \"Brooklyn\").\n\n### Re\\-establishment\n\nOn July 12, 1939, [Mayor Fiorello La Guardia](/wiki/Fiorello_La_Guardia \"Fiorello La Guardia\") re\\-established the Aviation Unit at [Floyd Bennett Field](/wiki/Floyd_Bennett_Field \"Floyd Bennett Field\") under the command of [Arthur W. Wallander](/wiki/Arthur_W._Wallander \"Arthur W. Wallander\"). Coinciding with both the [1939 World's Fair](/wiki/1939_New_York_World%27s_Fair \"1939 New York World's Fair\") and the reopening of [LaGuardia Airport](/wiki/LaGuardia_Airport \"LaGuardia Airport\") that summer, the department recruited a staff of 6 pilots and 6 mechanics to operate its two new [Stinson Reliants](/wiki/Stinson_Reliant \"Stinson Reliant\"). Early missions of the newly reformed unit included aerial photography, highway [traffic reporting](/wiki/Traffic_reporting \"Traffic reporting\"), and regulatory enforcement.\n\n### Unit Citation Award\n\nThe Aviation Unit was awarded a 2023 Unit Citation. The Unit Citation is awarded to a specific unit or precinct for outstanding accomplishments.\n\n### Rise in spending\n\nSpending on helicopter usage spiked dramatically under Mayor [Eric Adams](/wiki/Eric_Adams \"Eric Adams\").\n\n",
"### Background\n\nInitial development of aviation as an urban policing tool was rooted in national security concerns stemming from the [United States' entry into World War I](/wiki/American_entry_into_World_War_I \"American entry into World War I\"). Early 20th century fears of foreign sabotage in the US were compounded by domestic political violence related to [Anarchist](/wiki/Anarchism%23Modern_era \"Anarchism#Modern era\") and [Labor](/wiki/Labor_history_of_the_United_States \"Labor history of the United States\") movements, plus the 1916 [federalization](/wiki/National_Defense_Act_of_1916 \"National Defense Act of 1916\") and mobilization of the [National Guard](/wiki/National_Guard_%28United_States%29 \"National Guard (United States)\") had left many states (and their municipalities) feeling unprepared to handle internal emergencies without organized security forces of their own.\n\nIn [New York City](/wiki/New_York_City \"New York City\"), this perceived vulnerability was addressed by the 1916 formation of the [Home Defense League](/wiki/New_York_City_Police_Department_Auxiliary_Police \"New York City Police Department Auxiliary Police\") under Police Commissioner [Arthur H. Woods](/wiki/Arthur_H._Woods \"Arthur H. Woods\"). That unit was reorganized in 1918 as the [Reserve Police Force](/wiki/New_York_City_Reserve_Police_Force \"New York City Reserve Police Force\") under Special Deputy Commissioner [Rodman Wanamaker](/wiki/Rodman_Wanamaker \"Rodman Wanamaker\"), and split into both a reserve component and a training corps. While the Reserve was a general\\-purpose body, SDC Wanamaker—an early aviation investor and friend of [Glenn Curtiss](/wiki/Glenn_Curtiss \"Glenn Curtiss\")—envisioned a volunteer aviation squadron within its ranks. External events, like the [Black Tom explosion](/wiki/Black_Tom_explosion \"Black Tom explosion\") and specifically the [Morgan Munitions Depot explosion](/wiki/T._A._Gillespie_Company_Shell_Loading_Plant_explosion \"T. A. Gillespie Company Shell Loading Plant explosion\"), reinforced the need for such a capability. In the latter, private pilots at nearby [Roosevelt Field](/wiki/Roosevelt_Field_%28airport%29 \"Roosevelt Field (airport)\") were asked by New York City officials to survey the disaster in real\\-time. Their efforts provided valuable reconnaissance for firefighters on the ground and cemented the NYPD leadership's resolve to launch a professional air wing of its own.\n\nOne month later, the [Armistice of November 1918](/wiki/Armistice_of_11_November_1918 \"Armistice of 11 November 1918\") ended the war and brought home thousands of American service members—many of them newly trained airmen who would soon participate in the booming [US aviation industry](/wiki/Aviation_in_the_United_States \"Aviation in the United States\"). While the end of hostilities alleviated some national security concerns, Police leadership still realized that peacetime [regulation](/wiki/Aviation_regulations \"Aviation regulations\") would be needed as airplanes became mainstream technology. As Colonel [Jefferson De Mont Thompson](/wiki/Jefferson_De_Mont_Thompson \"Jefferson De Mont Thompson\")—soon to become New York's first chief of aerial police—put it, \"If traffic rules and regulations are necessary to keep order where streets and courses are plainly marked, it is doubly important that there be those aloft invested with authority to preserve safety.\" In addition to regulatory enforcement, he laid out several potential missions for the fledgling unit including [maritime search and rescue](/wiki/Maritime_search_and_rescue \"Maritime search and rescue\"), riot control, and firefighting direction.\n\n",
"### Formation\n\n[thumb\\|300x300px\\|[Curtiss](/wiki/Curtiss_Aeroplane_and_Motor_Company \"Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company\") JN\\-series biplanes of the NYPD Reserve departing for a patrol mission (circa 1919\\)](/wiki/File:NYPD_Curtiss_JN_biplanes.jpg \"NYPD Curtiss JN biplanes.jpg\")[thumb\\|300x300px\\|Drawing of NYPD Salmson biplane piloted by [Granville A. Pollock](/wiki/Granville_A._Pollock \"Granville A. Pollock\"), originally published in [The Illustrated London News](/wiki/The_Illustrated_London_News \"The Illustrated London News\"), February 28, 1920\\.](/wiki/File:NYPD_Salmson_biplane.jpg \"NYPD Salmson biplane.jpg\")\nIn December 1918 [The New York Times](/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\") announced the world's first Aerial Police Reserve, citing consultant and aviation journalist [Henry Woodhouse](/wiki/Henry_Woodhouse_%28forger%29 \"Henry Woodhouse (forger)\"):\n\nOn March 28, 1919, an initial cadre of 26 aerial police officers were sworn in from a pool of over 125 applicants. [Colonel Jefferson De Mont Thompson](/wiki/Jefferson_De_Mont_Thompson \"Jefferson De Mont Thompson\") was appointed Chief, and [Granville A. Pollock](/wiki/Granville_A._Pollock \"Granville A. Pollock\") its commanding officer. The unit's first official flight took place on April 30, 1919, from [Sheepshead Bay Race Track](/wiki/Sheepshead_Bay_Race_Track \"Sheepshead Bay Race Track\") destined for [Philadelphia, PA](/wiki/Philadelphia \"Philadelphia\").\n\nEarly visions of the unit's mission and tactics invoked a highly militarized tone; its first airplanes were armed with [machine guns](/wiki/Machine_gun \"Machine gun\") and [tracer ammunition](/wiki/Tracer_ammunition \"Tracer ammunition\"). Newspapers also imagined [dogfights](/wiki/Dogfight \"Dogfight\") against \"sky pirates\" or the hunting\\-down of \"river pirates\" in the city's waterways, and even published headlines like \"Armed With Machine Guns, They Open the Season's Campaign on Air Traffic Violators.\"\n\nBy May 1919, the reserve numbered 150 airmen and 7 Department\\-owned airplanes, each equipped with [wireless telephones and telegraphs](/wiki/Wireless_telegraphy \"Wireless telegraphy\"). In October of that year, the department announced recruitment for a new women's aviation corps. [Laura Bromwell](/wiki/Laura_Bromwell \"Laura Bromwell\") was the first graduate of this program, becoming the world's first aerial policewoman at 21 years of age.\n\nThe NYPD Annual Report for 1920 counted the unit's assets as two seaplanes, two landplanes, and three \"flying stations\" located on the Hudson River, at [Fort Hamilton](/wiki/Fort_Hamilton \"Fort Hamilton\"), and a site which eventually became [Leif Ericson Park](/wiki/Leif_Ericson_Park \"Leif Ericson Park\") in [Brooklyn](/wiki/Brooklyn \"Brooklyn\").\n\n",
"### Re\\-establishment\n\nOn July 12, 1939, [Mayor Fiorello La Guardia](/wiki/Fiorello_La_Guardia \"Fiorello La Guardia\") re\\-established the Aviation Unit at [Floyd Bennett Field](/wiki/Floyd_Bennett_Field \"Floyd Bennett Field\") under the command of [Arthur W. Wallander](/wiki/Arthur_W._Wallander \"Arthur W. Wallander\"). Coinciding with both the [1939 World's Fair](/wiki/1939_New_York_World%27s_Fair \"1939 New York World's Fair\") and the reopening of [LaGuardia Airport](/wiki/LaGuardia_Airport \"LaGuardia Airport\") that summer, the department recruited a staff of 6 pilots and 6 mechanics to operate its two new [Stinson Reliants](/wiki/Stinson_Reliant \"Stinson Reliant\"). Early missions of the newly reformed unit included aerial photography, highway [traffic reporting](/wiki/Traffic_reporting \"Traffic reporting\"), and regulatory enforcement.\n\n",
"### Unit Citation Award\n\nThe Aviation Unit was awarded a 2023 Unit Citation. The Unit Citation is awarded to a specific unit or precinct for outstanding accomplishments.\n\n",
"### Rise in spending\n\nSpending on helicopter usage spiked dramatically under Mayor [Eric Adams](/wiki/Eric_Adams \"Eric Adams\").\n\n",
"Capabilities\n------------\n\n### Law enforcement\n\nMost of the unit's annual flight hours are accumulated through daily patrol duties, which often include general surveillance or support of NYPD street officers conducting [manhunts](/wiki/Manhunt_%28law_enforcement%29 \"Manhunt (law enforcement)\") and suspect pursuits. These missions are typically crewed by one [Pilot\\-in\\-command](/wiki/Pilot_in_command \"Pilot in command\") and one Tactical Flight Officer (TFO) employing imaging and detection equipment like [Wescam](/wiki/Wescam \"Wescam\") [infrared cameras](/wiki/Thermographic_camera \"Thermographic camera\") and [Spectrolab](/wiki/Spectrolab \"Spectrolab\") [searchlights](/wiki/Searchlight \"Searchlight\"). The unit's helicopters are also equipped with [Global Positioning System (GPS)](/wiki/Global_Positioning_System \"Global Positioning System\") technology providing real\\-time street grid and position data overlaid on [multi\\-function displays (MFDs)](/wiki/Multi-function_display \"Multi-function display\"). Live video can be streamed to ground units and headquarters via a [microwave data link](/wiki/Microwave_transmission \"Microwave transmission\").\n\n### Search and rescue\n\nWith the 1998 closure of [CGAS Brooklyn](/wiki/CGAS_Brooklyn \"CGAS Brooklyn\") and consolidation of Coast Guard air assets at [CGAS Atlantic City](/wiki/Coast_Guard_Air_Station_Atlantic_City \"Coast Guard Air Station Atlantic City\"), NYPD Aviation became the sole maritime search and rescue provider in the [NYC metropolitan area](/wiki/NYC_metropolitan_area \"NYC metropolitan area\"). Tasked with responding to emergencies within 60 miles of the city, the unit's SAR helicopters are certified for [instrument flight rules (IFR)](/wiki/Instrument_flight_rules \"Instrument flight rules\") and equipped with [hoists](/wiki/Hoist_%28device%29 \"Hoist (device)\"), auto\\-hover functionality, and capacity for six [rescue litters](/wiki/Litter_%28rescue_basket%29 \"Litter (rescue basket)\"). , NYPD Aviation was also the only [law enforcement agency](/wiki/Law_enforcement_agency \"Law enforcement agency\") in the US to maintain [24/7](/wiki/24/7_service \"24/7 service\") [SCUBA diving](/wiki/Scuba_diving \"Scuba diving\") capability.\n\n### Counter\\-terrorism\n\nIn the wake of the [September 11, 2001 attacks](/wiki/September_11_attacks \"September 11 attacks\"), the unit's focus increasingly shifted toward its [counterterrorism](/wiki/Counterterrorism \"Counterterrorism\") mission. In 2003 it took delivery of a $9\\.8 million () unmarked [Bell 412EP](/wiki/Bell_412 \"Bell 412\"), extensively outfitted with [intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR)](/wiki/Intelligence%2C_surveillance%2C_target_acquisition%2C_and_reconnaissance \"Intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and reconnaissance\") equipment, designated *N23FH* in honor of the 23 New York City police officers killed on September 11\\. In addition to advanced imaging and communication systems, the aircraft reportedly featured the ability to detect [tracking beacons](/wiki/Electronic_tagging \"Electronic tagging\") used by officers on the ground. After a decade of NYPD service, the helicopter was retired from the unit and replaced in January 2017 with a [Cessna 208B Caravan](/wiki/Cessna_208_Caravan \"Cessna 208 Caravan\"). The new airplane was obtained with [Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)](/wiki/Federal_Emergency_Management_Agency \"Federal Emergency Management Agency\") \"Preparedness Grant\" funding, and was delivered with airborne radiological detection capability. This unspecified equipment enables the airborne detection of [dirty bombs](/wiki/Dirty_bomb \"Dirty bomb\") from altitudes up to by, for example, overflying ships approaching [New York Harbor](/wiki/New_York_Harbor \"New York Harbor\").\n\n",
"### Law enforcement\n\nMost of the unit's annual flight hours are accumulated through daily patrol duties, which often include general surveillance or support of NYPD street officers conducting [manhunts](/wiki/Manhunt_%28law_enforcement%29 \"Manhunt (law enforcement)\") and suspect pursuits. These missions are typically crewed by one [Pilot\\-in\\-command](/wiki/Pilot_in_command \"Pilot in command\") and one Tactical Flight Officer (TFO) employing imaging and detection equipment like [Wescam](/wiki/Wescam \"Wescam\") [infrared cameras](/wiki/Thermographic_camera \"Thermographic camera\") and [Spectrolab](/wiki/Spectrolab \"Spectrolab\") [searchlights](/wiki/Searchlight \"Searchlight\"). The unit's helicopters are also equipped with [Global Positioning System (GPS)](/wiki/Global_Positioning_System \"Global Positioning System\") technology providing real\\-time street grid and position data overlaid on [multi\\-function displays (MFDs)](/wiki/Multi-function_display \"Multi-function display\"). Live video can be streamed to ground units and headquarters via a [microwave data link](/wiki/Microwave_transmission \"Microwave transmission\").\n\n",
"### Search and rescue\n\nWith the 1998 closure of [CGAS Brooklyn](/wiki/CGAS_Brooklyn \"CGAS Brooklyn\") and consolidation of Coast Guard air assets at [CGAS Atlantic City](/wiki/Coast_Guard_Air_Station_Atlantic_City \"Coast Guard Air Station Atlantic City\"), NYPD Aviation became the sole maritime search and rescue provider in the [NYC metropolitan area](/wiki/NYC_metropolitan_area \"NYC metropolitan area\"). Tasked with responding to emergencies within 60 miles of the city, the unit's SAR helicopters are certified for [instrument flight rules (IFR)](/wiki/Instrument_flight_rules \"Instrument flight rules\") and equipped with [hoists](/wiki/Hoist_%28device%29 \"Hoist (device)\"), auto\\-hover functionality, and capacity for six [rescue litters](/wiki/Litter_%28rescue_basket%29 \"Litter (rescue basket)\"). , NYPD Aviation was also the only [law enforcement agency](/wiki/Law_enforcement_agency \"Law enforcement agency\") in the US to maintain [24/7](/wiki/24/7_service \"24/7 service\") [SCUBA diving](/wiki/Scuba_diving \"Scuba diving\") capability.\n\n",
"### Counter\\-terrorism\n\nIn the wake of the [September 11, 2001 attacks](/wiki/September_11_attacks \"September 11 attacks\"), the unit's focus increasingly shifted toward its [counterterrorism](/wiki/Counterterrorism \"Counterterrorism\") mission. In 2003 it took delivery of a $9\\.8 million () unmarked [Bell 412EP](/wiki/Bell_412 \"Bell 412\"), extensively outfitted with [intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR)](/wiki/Intelligence%2C_surveillance%2C_target_acquisition%2C_and_reconnaissance \"Intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and reconnaissance\") equipment, designated *N23FH* in honor of the 23 New York City police officers killed on September 11\\. In addition to advanced imaging and communication systems, the aircraft reportedly featured the ability to detect [tracking beacons](/wiki/Electronic_tagging \"Electronic tagging\") used by officers on the ground. After a decade of NYPD service, the helicopter was retired from the unit and replaced in January 2017 with a [Cessna 208B Caravan](/wiki/Cessna_208_Caravan \"Cessna 208 Caravan\"). The new airplane was obtained with [Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)](/wiki/Federal_Emergency_Management_Agency \"Federal Emergency Management Agency\") \"Preparedness Grant\" funding, and was delivered with airborne radiological detection capability. This unspecified equipment enables the airborne detection of [dirty bombs](/wiki/Dirty_bomb \"Dirty bomb\") from altitudes up to by, for example, overflying ships approaching [New York Harbor](/wiki/New_York_Harbor \"New York Harbor\").\n\n",
"Fleet\n-----\n\nThe unit's fleet primarily consists of light\\-duty helicopters tasked with patrol duties and midsize utility helicopters for [search and rescue](/wiki/Search_and_rescue \"Search and rescue\") and [medevac](/wiki/Medical_evacuation \"Medical evacuation\") missions.\n\n| \\+Active | Entered service | Type | Quantity | Usage | Serial |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 2014\\-2015 | [Bell 429 GlobalRanger](/wiki/Bell_429_GlobalRanger \"Bell 429 GlobalRanger\") | 4 | Patrol | 57148, 57188, 57220, 57233 |\n| | [Bell 412EP](/wiki/Bell_412 \"Bell 412\") | 2 | Utility, Rescue, Counter\\-terrorism | 36516, 36563 |\n| 2014 | [Bell 407](/wiki/Bell_407 \"Bell 407\") | 1 | Training | 53061 |\n| | [Cessna 208 Caravan](/wiki/Cessna_208_Caravan \"Cessna 208 Caravan\") | 1 | Surveillance, counter\\-terrorism | |\n\n| \\+Formerly operated | Type | Quantity | Entered service | Serial | Fate () |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [Curtiss JN\\-4D Jenny](/wiki/Curtiss_JN-4D \"Curtiss JN-4D\") | | 1919 | | |\n| [Salmson 2](/wiki/Salmson_2 \"Salmson 2\") | | 1920 | | |\n| [Keystone–Loening Commuter](/wiki/Keystone%E2%80%93Loening_Commuter \"Keystone–Loening Commuter\") | 1 | 1929 | | |\n| [Savoia\\-Marchetti S.56](/wiki/Savoia-Marchetti_S.56 \"Savoia-Marchetti S.56\") | 4 | 1929 | | |\n| [Fleet biplane](/wiki/Fleet_Model_1 \"Fleet Model 1\") | 1 | | | |\n| [Stinson SR\\-10K Reliant](/wiki/Stinson_SR-10_Reliant \"Stinson SR-10 Reliant\") | 2 | 1939 | | |\n| [Grumman G\\-21 Goose](/wiki/Grumman_G-21_Goose \"Grumman G-21 Goose\") | 1 | 1948 | | |\n| [Grumman G\\-44 Widgeon](/wiki/Grumman_G-44_Widgeon \"Grumman G-44 Widgeon\") | 1 | 1948 | | |\n| [Bell 47](/wiki/Bell_47 \"Bell 47\") | | 1947\\-1950s | | |\n| [Bell 206A Jet Ranger](/wiki/Bell_206A_JetRanger \"Bell 206A JetRanger\") | unknown | | 330 | Destroyed via mid\\-air collision in July 1983 |\n| [Bell 206B\\-3 Jet Ranger](/wiki/Bell_206 \"Bell 206\") | unknown | | 4262 | Unknown |\n| [Bell 412SP](/wiki/Bell_412 \"Bell 412\") | 2 | | 33126 | Operated by [Babcock Mission Critical Services](/wiki/Babcock_Mission_Critical_Services \"Babcock Mission Critical Services\") for [Government of Spain](/wiki/Government_of_Spain \"Government of Spain\") |\n| | 33180 | Privately operated in [South Africa](/wiki/South_Africa \"South Africa\") |\n| [Bell 412EP](/wiki/Bell_412 \"Bell 412\") | 5 | | 36106 | Privately operated in [United States](/wiki/United_States \"United States\") |\n| | 36142 | Operated by [Houston Police Department](/wiki/Houston_Police_Department \"Houston Police Department\") |\n| | 36233 | Unknown |\n| 2003 | 36307 | Operated by [Montenegrin Air Force](/wiki/Montenegrin_Air_Force \"Montenegrin Air Force\") |\n| | 36515 | Destroyed via forced landing in September 2010 |\n| [AgustaWestland AW119 Koala](/wiki/AgustaWestland_AW119_Koala \"AgustaWestland AW119 Koala\") | 4 | | 14035 | For sale |\n| | 14038 | Privately operated in [United States](/wiki/United_States \"United States\") |\n| | 14039 | Unknown |\n| | 14040 | Privately operated in [United States](/wiki/United_States \"United States\") |\n\n",
"Personnel\n---------\n\n, NYPD Aviation had 76 members. Prospective new hires are drawn from the department's force of existing [police officers](/wiki/Police_officer \"Police officer\"), and new pilots reportedly average 5 years of seniority with the department. Upon selection, they undergo training in helicopter flight operations and specialized missions like maritime [search and rescue (SAR)](/wiki/Search_and_rescue \"Search and rescue\") and [counterterrorism](/wiki/Counterterrorism \"Counterterrorism\"). The unit conducts flight training utilizing both a [helicopter simulator](/wiki/Flight_Training_Device \"Flight Training Device\") and live instruction in its [Bell 407](/wiki/Bell_407 \"Bell 407\").\n\nMaintenance of the unit's aircraft is performed in\\-house, and its mechanics also double as crew chiefs.\n\n",
"Notable incidents\n-----------------\n\n* On the night of August 27, 2004, an NYPD [Bell 412EP](/wiki/Bell_412 \"Bell 412\") equipped for [intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR)](/wiki/Intelligence%2C_surveillance%2C_target_acquisition%2C_and_reconnaissance \"Intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and reconnaissance\") was used to film a couple having sex on the roof of their home. The helicopter was dispatched to monitor an unpermitted public assembly nearby, but the crew used its Wescam MX\\-15 [thermographic camera](/wiki/Thermographic_camera \"Thermographic camera\") to record the unwitting pair for nearly 4 minutes, prompting a civil complaint.\n* In May 2021, a man was arrested in Brooklyn after aiming a [green laser pointer](/wiki/Green_laser_pointer \"Green laser pointer\") at nearby helicopters, one of which was an NYPD Aviation unit. The aircraft's camera recorded the illumination event and was used to support felony endangerment charges.\n",
"Accidents\n---------\n\n* The unit's first helicopter loss occurred on December 21, 1967, when two crewmembers died in a crash near the [Brooklyn Bridge](/wiki/Brooklyn_Bridge \"Brooklyn Bridge\").\n* On March 1, 1970, a [Bell 206](/wiki/Bell_206 \"Bell 206\") belonging to the unit lost power and crashed in [Glen Oaks, Queens](/wiki/Glen_Oaks%2C_Queens \"Glen Oaks, Queens\"). Both crewmembers were killed on impact.\n* On July 22, 1983, a fatal [mid\\-air collision](/wiki/Mid-air_collision \"Mid-air collision\") occurred between one of the unit's [Bell 206](/wiki/Bell_206 \"Bell 206\") helicopters and a commercially operated [Cessna 206](/wiki/Cessna_206 \"Cessna 206\") seaplane. The accident took place over [Red Hook, Brooklyn](/wiki/Red_Hook%2C_Brooklyn \"Red Hook, Brooklyn\") and resulted in 4 deaths and 2 survivors.\n* On September 22, 2010, one of the unit's [Bell 412EP](/wiki/Bell_412 \"Bell 412\") helicopters (registration ) was substantially damaged after a [gearbox](/wiki/Transmission_%28mechanics%29 \"Transmission (mechanics)\") failure resulted in a [forced landing](/wiki/Forced_landing \"Forced landing\") on [Jamaica Bay](/wiki/Jamaica_Bay \"Jamaica Bay\"). All 6 occupants escaped serious injury; the probable cause was determined to be fatigue cracking in the output drive gear resulting from manufacturing deficiencies. The aircraft was 18 months old at the time of the accident, and the City later filed a breach\\-of\\-contract lawsuit against manufacturer [Bell Textron](/wiki/Bell_Textron \"Bell Textron\").\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:New York City Police Department units](/wiki/Category:New_York_City_Police_Department_units \"New York City Police Department units\")\n[Category:Police aviation units of the United States](/wiki/Category:Police_aviation_units_of_the_United_States \"Police aviation units of the United States\")\n[Category:1918 establishments in New York City](/wiki/Category:1918_establishments_in_New_York_City \"1918 establishments in New York City\")\n\n"
]
} |
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