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2011 African U-23 Championship squads | {
"id": [
38321403
],
"name": [
"Prithee P"
]
} | 5gy8xllumhgsrg08z6sqy0ijjz6o926 | 2023-11-09T18:50:46Z | 1,182,139,887 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Group A",
"{{fb|Algeria}}",
"{{fb|Morocco}}",
"{{fbu|23|Nigeria}}",
"{{fb|Senegal}}",
"Group B",
"{{fb|Côte d'Ivoire}}",
"{{fb|Egypt}}",
"{{fb|Gabon}}",
"{{fb|South Africa}}",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
3,
3,
3,
3,
2,
3,
3,
3,
3,
2
],
"content": [
"\nBelow is a list of squads used in the **[2011 African U\\-23 Championship](/wiki/2011_African_U-23_Championship \"2011 African U-23 Championship\")**.\n\n",
"Group A\n-------\n\n### \n\nCoach: [Azzedine Aït Djoudi](/wiki/Azzedine_A%C3%AFt_Djoudi \"Azzedine Aït Djoudi\")\n\\|\n\n[EN U23 : Les 21 joueurs sélectionnés](http://www.dzfoot.com/news-10307/en-u23-les-21-joueurs-selectionnes/); DZFoot, November 16, 2011\\.\n\n### \n\nCoach: [Pim Verbeek](/wiki/Pim_Verbeek \"Pim Verbeek\")\n\\|\n\n**1**\n\n1 On the eve of the start of the competition, FIFA informed Morocco that Carcela\\-Gonzalez was ineligible to represent Morocco in the tournament because he had already represented Belgium in the same competition four years ago. As it was past the deadline, a replacement couldn't be called in his place.[Mehdi Carcela ratera le Championnat d'Afrique U23](http://www.mountakhab.net/www/modules/article_une/index.php?storyid=17457) ; Mountakhab.net, November 25, 2011\\.\n\n[Les 21 Olympiques pour disputer la CAN U23](http://www.mountakhab.net/www/modules/article_une/index.php?storyid=17285) ; Mountakhab, November 16, 2011\\.\n\n### \n\nCoach: [Augustine Eguavoen](/wiki/Augustine_Eguavoen \"Augustine Eguavoen\")\n\n \n\n**2**\n\n**2**Hapoel Tel Aviv midfielder Nosa Igiebor has ruled himself out of the final 2012 Olympic qualifiers in Morocco just as Nigeria team officials insist they are not aware of this development.[http://www.mtnfootball.com/africa/nigeria/news/2011/nov/23\\-igiebor\\-drops\\-self\\-from\\-morocco\\-qualifiers.html](http://www.mtnfootball.com/africa/nigeria/news/2011/nov/23-igiebor-drops-self-from-morocco-qualifiers.html) ; mtnfootball.com, November 23, 2011\\.\n\n### \n\nCoach: [Abdoulaye Sarr](/wiki/Abdoulaye_Sarr \"Abdoulaye Sarr\")\n\\|\n\n[Championnat des moins de 23 ans : Abdoulaye Sarr continue avec les mêmes](http://www.aps.sn/aps.php?page=articles&id_article=86678); APS.sn, November 17, 2011\\.\n\n",
"### \n\nCoach: [Azzedine Aït Djoudi](/wiki/Azzedine_A%C3%AFt_Djoudi \"Azzedine Aït Djoudi\")\n\\|\n\n[EN U23 : Les 21 joueurs sélectionnés](http://www.dzfoot.com/news-10307/en-u23-les-21-joueurs-selectionnes/); DZFoot, November 16, 2011\\.\n\n",
"### \n\nCoach: [Pim Verbeek](/wiki/Pim_Verbeek \"Pim Verbeek\")\n\\|\n\n**1**\n\n1 On the eve of the start of the competition, FIFA informed Morocco that Carcela\\-Gonzalez was ineligible to represent Morocco in the tournament because he had already represented Belgium in the same competition four years ago. As it was past the deadline, a replacement couldn't be called in his place.[Mehdi Carcela ratera le Championnat d'Afrique U23](http://www.mountakhab.net/www/modules/article_une/index.php?storyid=17457) ; Mountakhab.net, November 25, 2011\\.\n\n[Les 21 Olympiques pour disputer la CAN U23](http://www.mountakhab.net/www/modules/article_une/index.php?storyid=17285) ; Mountakhab, November 16, 2011\\.\n\n",
"### \n\nCoach: [Augustine Eguavoen](/wiki/Augustine_Eguavoen \"Augustine Eguavoen\")\n\n \n\n**2**\n\n**2**Hapoel Tel Aviv midfielder Nosa Igiebor has ruled himself out of the final 2012 Olympic qualifiers in Morocco just as Nigeria team officials insist they are not aware of this development.[http://www.mtnfootball.com/africa/nigeria/news/2011/nov/23\\-igiebor\\-drops\\-self\\-from\\-morocco\\-qualifiers.html](http://www.mtnfootball.com/africa/nigeria/news/2011/nov/23-igiebor-drops-self-from-morocco-qualifiers.html) ; mtnfootball.com, November 23, 2011\\.\n\n",
"### \n\nCoach: [Abdoulaye Sarr](/wiki/Abdoulaye_Sarr \"Abdoulaye Sarr\")\n\\|\n\n[Championnat des moins de 23 ans : Abdoulaye Sarr continue avec les mêmes](http://www.aps.sn/aps.php?page=articles&id_article=86678); APS.sn, November 17, 2011\\.\n\n",
"Group B\n-------\n\n### \n\nCoach: [Alain Gouaméné](/wiki/Alain_Gouam%C3%A9n%C3%A9 \"Alain Gouaméné\")\n\\|\n\n[http://www.fif\\-ci.com/une\\-details.php?newsID\\=3415](http://www.fif-ci.com/une-details.php?newsID=3415); fif\\-ci.com, November 29, 2011\\.\n\n### \n\nCoach: [Hany Ramzy](/wiki/Hany_Ramzy \"Hany Ramzy\")\n\\| \n\n \n\n [cp2\\.gom.com.eg](http://cp2.gom.com.eg/~egyptian/index.php?action=news&id=22471&title=Egypt%20takes%20a%20dekko%20at%20London%20Games) , November 30, 2011\\.\n\n### \n\nCoach: [Claude Albert Mbourounot](/wiki/Claude_Albert_Mbourounot \"Claude Albert Mbourounot\")\n\n; frmf.ma, November 30, 2011\\.\n\n### \n\nCoach: [Ephraim Mashaba](/wiki/Ephraim_Mashaba \"Ephraim Mashaba\")\n\\|\n\n[SA U 23 to depart on Wednesday](http://www.safa.net/index.php?page=articles&id=642); SAFA.net, November 21, 2011\\.\n\n",
"### \n\nCoach: [Alain Gouaméné](/wiki/Alain_Gouam%C3%A9n%C3%A9 \"Alain Gouaméné\")\n\\|\n\n[http://www.fif\\-ci.com/une\\-details.php?newsID\\=3415](http://www.fif-ci.com/une-details.php?newsID=3415); fif\\-ci.com, November 29, 2011\\.\n\n",
"### \n\nCoach: [Hany Ramzy](/wiki/Hany_Ramzy \"Hany Ramzy\")\n\\| \n\n \n\n [cp2\\.gom.com.eg](http://cp2.gom.com.eg/~egyptian/index.php?action=news&id=22471&title=Egypt%20takes%20a%20dekko%20at%20London%20Games) , November 30, 2011\\.\n\n",
"### \n\nCoach: [Claude Albert Mbourounot](/wiki/Claude_Albert_Mbourounot \"Claude Albert Mbourounot\")\n\n; frmf.ma, November 30, 2011\\.\n\n",
"### \n\nCoach: [Ephraim Mashaba](/wiki/Ephraim_Mashaba \"Ephraim Mashaba\")\n\\|\n\n[SA U 23 to depart on Wednesday](http://www.safa.net/index.php?page=articles&id=642); SAFA.net, November 21, 2011\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[squads](/wiki/Category:2011_African_U-23_Championship \"2011 African U-23 Championship\")\n\n"
]
} |
John Ashmead | {
"id": [
2308770
],
"name": [
"Johnpacklambert"
]
} | 231am90un33ugtccs5ycw72dssrb46e | 2023-12-21T17:58:31Z | 1,171,845,177 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Biography",
"Students who became authors",
"Circle of Authors",
"Network of U.S. Navy Japanese Language School graduates and intellectuals",
"Degrees",
"Books and articles",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n**John Ashmead** (1917–1992\\) was an American novelist, Naval Intelligence officer, and professor of English. His writings include *The Mountain and the Feather*[University Archives Hamilton Library University of Hawaii at Manoa](http://libweb.hawaii.edu/libdept/archives/mss/aja/books.htm#a) about his experiences in the Pacific in World War II as a United States naval intelligence officer and translator. He received a commendation for obtaining information that helped Navy fliers shoot down the plane of Japanese Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, who had masterminded the 1941 surprise attack on the U.S. military base at Pearl Harbor, HI, which brought the United States into the fighting. He co\\-authored *The Songs of Robert Burns* in 1988 with Professor [John Davison](/wiki/John_Davison_%28composer%29 \"John Davison (composer)\").[WorldCat author page](http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=au%3AAshmead%2C+John%2C&qt=hot_author) His PhD thesis was *The Idea of Japan 1853\\-1895: Japan as Described by American and Other Travellers from the West*. \\*[Review Ashmead, John. The Idea of Japan 1853–1895: Japan as Described by American and Other Travellers from the West. New York: Garland, 1987\\.](http://themargins.net/bib/C/cc/cc06.html) Ashmead was a graduate of Navy Japanese language program at the University of Colorado, Boulder and Berkeley.[Japanese American Veterans Association. Accessed December 27, 2013](http://www.javadc.org/ashmead.htm) His work as a translator for Naval Intelligence aided in the assassination of Admiral [Isoroku Yamamoto](/wiki/Isoroku_Yamamoto \"Isoroku Yamamoto\"). He was a professor of English at [Haverford College](/wiki/Haverford_College \"Haverford College\") from 1948 to 1988\\. At Haverford, he pioneered the use of computers in education and research. He spoke as [Fulbright](/wiki/Fulbright \"Fulbright\") lecturer in [Osaka](/wiki/Osaka \"Osaka\") and [Kyoto, Japan](/wiki/Kyoto%2C_Japan \"Kyoto, Japan\"), [Taipei](/wiki/Taipei \"Taipei\"), [Varanasi, India](/wiki/Varanasi%2C_India \"Varanasi, India\") and throughout [India](/wiki/India \"India\"), and also taught in [Athens, Greece](/wiki/Athens%2C_Greece \"Athens, Greece\") at Athens College for Boys.\n\n",
"Biography\n---------\n\nAshmead was born on August 22, 1917, in New York City. He was the son of John and Mildred Ashmead *nee* Hinkel. He married Ann Harnwell on October 15, 1949\\. They had five children: John Ashmead, Graham Gaylord Ashmead, Gaylord Harnwell Ashmead, Louisa Harral Ashmead and Theodora Wheeler Ashmead. They divorced in 1976\\. Dr. Ann Harnwell Ashmead was an expert on Greek Vases of the 5th Century BC. Ashmead graduated from Loomis Institute in 1934 ([Loomis Chaffee](/wiki/Loomis_Chaffee \"Loomis Chaffee\")). In 1938, he graduated from [Harvard](/wiki/Harvard \"Harvard\") University *magna cum laude* with a Bachelor of Arts having lived at [Lowell House](/wiki/Lowell_House \"Lowell House\"). He studied Japanese at Harvard since his grandfather Albert Sydney Ashmead have worked in Tokyo, Japan as a doctor during the 19th century. After college, he worked as a reporter for the *Hartford Times*. He was a member of the [Modern Language Association](/wiki/Modern_Language_Association \"Modern Language Association\"). He was vice\\-chair of the School and College Conference on English. He was also a member of the Association for Asian Studies, Authors League of America, Authors Guild, American Studies Association and [Phi Beta Kappa](/wiki/Phi_Beta_Kappa \"Phi Beta Kappa\"). He was a member of the [Trap Door Spiders](/wiki/Trap_Door_Spiders \"Trap Door Spiders\") He was a frequent contributor to *[The Atlantic](/wiki/The_Atlantic \"The Atlantic\")*, and also wrote book reviews for *[The Philadelphia Bulletin](/wiki/The_Philadelphia_Bulletin \"The Philadelphia Bulletin\")*. Ashmead published on Bernard Malamud, Mark Twain, among several American authors. He died of lymphoma on February 7, 1992, in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania and was buried in Windsor, CT.\n\n",
"Students who became authors\n---------------------------\n\nAshmead taught a group of students mainly at Haverford College who through his encouragement and guidance, went on to become published authors themselves, including Ashmead's student [John Davison (composer)](/wiki/John_Davison_%28composer%29 \"John Davison (composer)\") with whom he published a book about [Robert Burns](/wiki/Robert_Burns \"Robert Burns\"), Ashmead's student [Claudine Monteil](/wiki/Claudine_Monteil \"Claudine Monteil\") who published on [Simone de Beauvoir](/wiki/Simone_de_Beauvoir \"Simone de Beauvoir\") and Ashmead's student [Frank Conroy](/wiki/Frank_Conroy_%28author%29 \"Frank Conroy (author)\") who Ashmead recommended to attend the [Iowa Writers Workshop](/wiki/Iowa_Writers_Workshop \"Iowa Writers Workshop\"). Frank Conroy later wrote a story about John Ashmead in *GQ* titled \"My Tormented Mentor\", and later republished as \"My Teacher\" in his publication of collected stories *Dogs Bark in the Night but the Caravans Move On.* Conroy took Creative Writing classes with Ashmead while at Haverford College, and later attributed to Ashmead that the method of how he taught creative writing was the way he taught creative writing at the Iowa Writer's Workshop where Conroy himself influenced, inspired and encouraged a whole new generation of American writers. Other Haverford College English students include [Dave Barry](/wiki/Dave_Barry \"Dave Barry\").\n\n",
"Circle of Authors\n-----------------\n\nAshmead became acquainted and friends with a circle of authors including [Masao Kume](/wiki/Masao_Kume \"Masao Kume\") and [Yasunari Kawabata](/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata \"Yasunari Kawabata\") who he met and befriended during the Occupation of Japan in mid\\-1940s, [G.V. Desani](/wiki/G.V._Desani \"G.V. Desani\") and [P. Lal](/wiki/P._Lal \"P. Lal\") who he met in 1964\\-1965 while teaching on a Fulbright in India and working for the [Asia Society](/wiki/Asia_Society \"Asia Society\") and the Indian Studies Center then at the University of Pennsylvania to produce an Anthology on Modern Indian Short Fiction, [Wright Morris](/wiki/Wright_Morris \"Wright Morris\") and later [L. Sprague de Camp](/wiki/L._Sprague_de_Camp \"L. Sprague de Camp\"), and [Isaac Asimov](/wiki/Isaac_Asimov \"Isaac Asimov\"), and the Scottish poet [Iain Crichton Smith](/wiki/Iain_Crichton_Smith \"Iain Crichton Smith\"), among others.\n\n",
"Network of U.S. Navy Japanese Language School graduates and intellectuals\n-------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\nAshmead maintained a network of contacts with key administrators and graduates of the World War II U.S. Navy Japanese Language School which began at Harvard and later migrated to Berkeley, California, and ultimately Boulder, Colorado. These friends and student\\-war personnel colleagues include [Serge Elisséeff](/wiki/Serge_Eliss%C3%A9eff \"Serge Elisséeff\"), [Donald Keene](/wiki/Donald_Keene \"Donald Keene\"), [Otis Cary](/wiki/Otis_Cary \"Otis Cary\"), Leslie A. Feidler, [Marion J. Levy, Jr.](/wiki/Marion_J._Levy%2C_Jr. \"Marion J. Levy, Jr.\"), Jonas Barish and [Beate Sirota Gordon](/wiki/Beate_Sirota_Gordon \"Beate Sirota Gordon\") who went on after World War II, to become leading intellectuals in their academic fields.\n\n",
"Degrees\n-------\n\n* Harvard B.A. 1938\n* M.A. 1939\n* Ph.D. 1950\n",
"Books and articles\n------------------\n\n* *The Mountain and the Feather* \n* *Who Sleep on Brambles*\n* *The Songs of Robert Burns* 1988 (co\\-author) \n* Synthesizing: An elective course in composition\n* English 12 \\[rhetoric] Ginn \\& Co.\n* \"The Japs Look at the Yanks,\" in *The Atlantic Monthly,*\n* \"A Modern Language for Japan\" in *The Atlantic Monthly,*\n* \"Report on Japan (1956\\)\" in *The Atlantic Monthly,*\n* \"These were My Japanese Students\" in *The Atlantic Monthly,*\n* \"Report on Japan (1960\\)\" in *The Atlantic Monthly,*\n* Modern Short Fiction of India and Pakistan\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Deciphering the Rising Sun](http://www.usni.org/store/books/clear-decks-60-70/deciphering-rising-sun)\n[Kanji and Code](https://www.amazon.com/Kanji-Codes-Learning-Japanese-World/dp/0939985039)\n{[http://www\\-libraries.colorado.edu/archives/collections/jlsp/index.htm}](http://www-libraries.colorado.edu/archives/collections/jlsp/index.htm}) The US Navy Japanese/Oriental Language School Archival Project (JSLP)\n\n[Category:United States Navy personnel of World War II](/wiki/Category:United_States_Navy_personnel_of_World_War_II \"United States Navy personnel of World War II\")\n[Category:1917 births](/wiki/Category:1917_births \"1917 births\")\n[Category:1992 deaths](/wiki/Category:1992_deaths \"1992 deaths\")\n[Category:Loomis Chaffee School alumni](/wiki/Category:Loomis_Chaffee_School_alumni \"Loomis Chaffee School alumni\")\n[Category:University of Colorado Boulder alumni](/wiki/Category:University_of_Colorado_Boulder_alumni \"University of Colorado Boulder alumni\")\n[Category:Haverford College faculty](/wiki/Category:Haverford_College_faculty \"Haverford College faculty\")\n[Category:Writers from New York City](/wiki/Category:Writers_from_New_York_City \"Writers from New York City\")\n[Category:Harvard University alumni](/wiki/Category:Harvard_University_alumni \"Harvard University alumni\")\n[Category:Deaths from lymphoma in the United States](/wiki/Category:Deaths_from_lymphoma_in_the_United_States \"Deaths from lymphoma in the United States\")\n[Category:20th\\-century American writers](/wiki/Category:20th-century_American_writers \"20th-century American writers\")\n[Category:20th\\-century American male writers](/wiki/Category:20th-century_American_male_writers \"20th-century American male writers\")\n\n"
]
} |
Khan Amir, Lorestan | {
"id": [
37320532
],
"name": [
"Saayeeh"
]
} | 88itzauy5dr9lcdjsq41rxos50zzfb1 | 2020-01-19T17:10:49Z | 936,560,300 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Khan Amir** (, also [Romanized](/wiki/Romanize \"Romanize\") as **Khān Amīr** and **Khān Mīr**) is a village in [Shirvan Rural District](/wiki/Shirvan_Rural_District \"Shirvan Rural District\"), in the [Central District](/wiki/Central_District_%28Borujerd_County%29 \"Central District (Borujerd County)\") of [Borujerd County](/wiki/Borujerd_County \"Borujerd County\"), [Lorestan Province](/wiki/Lorestan_Province \"Lorestan Province\"), [Iran](/wiki/Iran \"Iran\"). At the 2006 census, its population was 128, in 24 families.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Towns and villages in Borujerd County](/wiki/Category:Towns_and_villages_in_Borujerd_County \"Towns and villages in Borujerd County\")\n\n"
]
} |
Trolleybuses in La Chaux-de-Fonds | {
"id": [
6246805
],
"name": [
"SJ Morg"
]
} | sg3lgtop9to03uui6pcb58mw36hg0v5 | 2023-12-09T08:26:19Z | 1,188,589,698 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"Lines",
"Fleet",
"Former fleet",
"New fleet on order",
"See also",
"References",
"Notes",
"Books",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
3,
3,
2,
2,
3,
3,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **La Chaux\\-de\\-Fonds [trolleybus](/wiki/Trolleybus \"Trolleybus\") system** () forms part of the [public transport](/wiki/Public_transport \"Public transport\") network in [La Chaux\\-de\\-Fonds](/wiki/La_Chaux-de-Fonds \"La Chaux-de-Fonds\"), in the [canton](/wiki/Cantons_of_Switzerland \"Cantons of Switzerland\") of [Neuchâtel](/wiki/Canton_of_Neuch%C3%A2tel \"Canton of Neuchâtel\"), Switzerland.\n\nOpened in 1949, the system gradually replaced the [La Chaux\\-de\\-Fonds tramway network](/wiki/Trams_in_La_Chaux-de-Fonds \"Trams in La Chaux-de-Fonds\"). Since 2005, it has been operated by *[Transports régionaux neuchâtelois](/wiki/Transports_r%C3%A9gionaux_neuch%C3%A2telois \"Transports régionaux neuchâtelois\")* (TRN, written *\"trn\"* in the authority's own marketing materials). It is supplemented by several bus lines operated by the same authority.\n\nIn April 2011, TRN announced that it wanted to replace the trolleybuses in La Chaux\\-de\\-Fonds by 2014 with [hybrid buses](/wiki/Hybrid_bus \"Hybrid bus\"), sparking vigorous protests. All trolleybus service has been suspended since May 2014, initially because of a major project to rebuild the square in front of the railway station,*Trolleybus Magazine* No. 316 (July–August 2014\\), p. 108\\. National Trolleybus Association (UK). . including relocation of the bus terminal. After a period of some years in which it was unclear whether the system would ever reopen, in 2021 it was announced that a reopening by 2023 was planned.*Trolleybus Magazine* No. 358 (July–August 2021\\), p. 162\\. National Trolleybus Association (UK). . This was later delayed to 2024\\.\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nThe system was opened on 23 December 1949\\. Its initial operating company was the *Compagnie des Transports en commun, La Chaux\\-de\\-Fonds* (TN). The system's first trolleybus line was the long Centenaire–Hôpital route, which had previously been served by [trams](/wiki/Tram \"Tram\"). On 16 June 1950, the last remaining tram line was replaced by trolleybuses.\n\nOn 13 November 1954, La Chaux\\-de\\-Fonds' only [conventional bus](/wiki/Motor_bus \"Motor bus\") line, which had been operating since 1948, was converted into a trolleybus line. That left the trolleybus system as the town's only form of public transport.\n\nIn 1960, the system was transformed into a network of three cross\\-city lines. These were designated as 1–2, 4–5 and 6–7, to reflect the names of their termini. Each line was operated at [12\\-minute intervals](/wiki/Clock-face_scheduling \"Clock-face scheduling\"), with services being at 6\\-minute intervals during peak times. In 1975, diesel bus route 9, which had been opened in 1966, was converted to trolleybus operation, and the following year the line to terminal 6 was extended.\n\nOn 28 May 1990, the line to terminus 7 was converted to diesel operation, and simultaneously a new line numbering scheme was introduced. The remaining trolleybus lines were renumbered as lines 1 and 4\\. In 1995, following the construction of a new depot, line 2 reverted to a trolleybus line. Two years later, on 1 November 1997, trolleybuses were reintroduced to line 4, after that line had been operated by diesel buses for several years. Line 4 was also given a short extension, to [Eplatures](/wiki/Les_Eplatures_Airport \"Les Eplatures Airport\").\n\nFollowing a merger in 2005, *Transports régionaux neuchâtelois* (TRN) assumed responsibility for trolleybus operations.\n\nIn April 2011, TRN announced that it wanted to replace the trolleybuses in La Chaux\\-de\\-Fonds by 2014 with [hybrid buses](/wiki/Hybrid_bus \"Hybrid bus\"), sparking vigorous protests. Two main reasons were given for TRN's decision: the many road work sites in the city hinder the circulation of trolleybuses, and the forthcoming redevelopment of the Place de la Gare would require an investment of 2\\.5 million [Swiss francs](/wiki/Swiss_francs \"Swiss francs\") just to move the [overhead wires](/wiki/Overhead_wire \"Overhead wire\") as part of the relocation of the bus terminal. Additionally, new trolleybuses, at 1\\.3 million francs per vehicle, were said to be much more costly to acquire than new hybrid buses, at 800,000 francs each.\n\nEffective 21 May 2014, all trolleybus service was suspended for the start of work on demolition and relocation of the bus terminal in front of the railway station, with removal of the trolleybus wiring there. At that time, TRN had not yet decided whether the wiring would be reinstated after completion of the work on the bus terminal, leaving open the possibility that the current suspension might eventually be made a permanent closure.\n\nIn 2021, the [Neuchâtel cantonal government](/wiki/Canton_of_Neuch%C3%A2tel \"Canton of Neuchâtel\") announced that a reopening by 2023 is planned, after the acquisition of new trolleybuses. Most of the system's overhead wiring has been kept in place since the suspension that began in 2014\\. In connection with this plan, a new [Van Hool](/wiki/Van_Hool \"Van Hool\") trolleybus from the [Geneva trolleybus system](/wiki/Trolleybuses_in_Geneva \"Trolleybuses in Geneva\") was brought to La Chaux\\-de\\-Fonds and made a test run under the wiring there on 25 November 2021\\.*Trolleybus Magazine* No. 361 (January–February 2022\\), pp. 40–41\\. National Trolleybus Association (UK). . An order for 18 new trolleybuses was placed with [Carrosserie Hess](/wiki/Carrosserie_Hess \"Carrosserie Hess\") in 2021, with six due for delivery in 2023 and the other 12 not until 2026\\.*Trolleybus Magazine* No. 364 (July–August 2022\\), p. 171\\. National Trolleybus Association (UK). . Reopening of the trolleybus system is expected to take place in 2024\\.\n\n",
"Lines\n-----\n\nThe present system is made up of the following [cross\\-city routes](/wiki/Cross-city_route \"Cross-city route\"), all operated at 10\\-minute intervals:\n\n|**1**\n\n Recorne–Arêtes |\n [Articulated vehicle](/wiki/Articulated_bus \"Articulated bus\") |\n| --- | --- |\n|**2**\n\n Combe à l'Ours–Charrière |\n [Rigid bus](/wiki/Rigid_bus \"Rigid bus\") |\n|**4**\n\n [Eplatures](/wiki/Les_Eplatures_Airport \"Les Eplatures Airport\")–Hôpital |\n Articulated vehicle |\n|\n\nAll service has been temporarily operated by diesel buses since 2014\\. However, even before that indefinite suspension, lines 1 and 4 were replaced by diesel bus lines 52 and 54 in the evenings and on Sundays and public holidays, so that during those off\\-peak times only line 1 was operating as a trolleybus line.\n\n",
"Fleet\n-----\n\n### Former fleet\n\n[thumb\\|1990\\-built NAW/Hess trolleybus No. 111 in 2007](/wiki/File:Trolleybus_111_TC_La-Chaux-de-Fonds.jpg \"Trolleybus 111 TC La-Chaux-de-Fonds.jpg\")\nInitially, the La Chaux\\-de\\-Fonds trolleybus system had a fleet of 10 short two\\-axle vehicles. Six additional new trolleybuses later joined the fleet as three sets of twins, delivered in 1954, 1961 and 1965, respectively. Another 13 vehicles were acquired secondhand.\n\nBetween 1978 and 1982, TN bought eight new trolleybuses with secondhand [electrical equipment](/wiki/Electrical_equipment \"Electrical equipment\") from the [Geneva system](/wiki/Trolleybuses_in_Geneva \"Trolleybuses in Geneva\"), and unsuccessfully tested a secondhand vehicle from the [Lucerne system](/wiki/Trolleybuses_in_Lucerne \"Trolleybuses in Lucerne\").\n\nIn 1990, three new [rigid trolleybuses](/wiki/Rigid_bus \"Rigid bus\") were introduced to the fleet. They were [NAW](/wiki/Nutzfahrzeuggesellschaft_Arbon_%26_Wetzikon \"Nutzfahrzeuggesellschaft Arbon & Wetzikon\") / [Hess](/wiki/Carrosserie_Hess \"Carrosserie Hess\") BT 5\\-25 type vehicles, and were given the fleet numbers 111 to 113\\.*Trolleybus Magazine* No. 174 (November–December 1990\\), p. 146\\. National Trolleybus Association (UK). . The last three [high\\-floor](/wiki/High-floor \"High-floor\") vehicles in the fleet, they were withdrawn from service between the end of 2007 and the end of 2010\\. Their replacements, diesel\\-powered buses, were used alternately with trolleybuses on the trolleybus lines.\n\nAs of 2010, before the 2014 suspension, the following 12 vehicles were available to operate trolleybus services in La Chaux\\-de\\-Fonds, all of them [low\\-floor buses](/wiki/Low-floor_bus \"Low-floor bus\"). At that time, the La Chaux\\-de\\-Fonds system was, along with the [Lausanne system](/wiki/Trolleybuses_in_Lausanne \"Trolleybuses in Lausanne\") and the Lucerne system, one of only three Swiss trolleybus systems still using rigid (two\\-axle) trolleybuses. These 12 vehicles were all subsequently sold, the articulated Hess units to the [Neuchâtel system](/wiki/Trolleybuses_in_Neuch%C3%A2tel \"Trolleybuses in Neuchâtel\"), in 2012–2014, the articulated Solaris units to the [Salzburg trolleybus system](/wiki/Trolleybuses_in_Salzburg \"Trolleybuses in Salzburg\"), in 2012, and the two\\-axle Solaris units to the [Ostrava](/wiki/Ostrava \"Ostrava\") transit system, in 2015\\.\n\n| | Fleet nos | Quantity | Manufacturer | [Electrics](/wiki/Electrical_equipment \"Electrical equipment\") | Type | Configuration | Built |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [150px](/wiki/File:TRN_Swisstrolley_2_125.jpg \"TRN Swisstrolley 2 125.jpg\") | 121–125 | 5 | [NAW](/wiki/Nutzfahrzeuggesellschaft_Arbon_%26_Wetzikon \"Nutzfahrzeuggesellschaft Arbon & Wetzikon\") / [Hess](/wiki/Carrosserie_Hess \"Carrosserie Hess\") | [Siemens](/wiki/Siemens \"Siemens\") | [BGT\\-N](/wiki/Hess_Swisstrolley%23Swisstrolley_1 \"Hess Swisstrolley#Swisstrolley 1\") | [Articulated](/wiki/Articulated_bus \"Articulated bus\") | 1996 |\n| [150px](/wiki/File:Trolleybus_La_Chaux_de_Fonds.JPG \"Trolleybus La Chaux de Fonds.JPG\") | 131–133 | 3 | [Solaris](/wiki/Solaris_Bus_%26_Coach \"Solaris Bus & Coach\") | [Cegelec](/wiki/Cegelec \"Cegelec\") | [Trollino 12 AC](/wiki/Solaris_Trollino_12 \"Solaris Trollino 12\") | [Rigid](/wiki/Rigid_bus \"Rigid bus\") | 2005 |\n| [150px](/wiki/File:Trolleybus_Solaris_Trollino18.JPG \"Trolleybus Solaris Trollino18.JPG\") | 141–144 | 4 | Solaris | Cegelec | [Trollino 18 AC](/wiki/Solaris_Trollino_18 \"Solaris Trollino 18\") | Articulated | 2005 |\n\n### New fleet on order\n\nAfter it was decided to reopen the system, an order was placed with [Carrosserie Hess](/wiki/Carrosserie_Hess \"Carrosserie Hess\") in 2021 for 18 new articulated trolleybuses of the type LighTram 19DC, with six due for delivery in 2023 and the other 12 not until 2026\\.\n\n",
"### Former fleet\n\n[thumb\\|1990\\-built NAW/Hess trolleybus No. 111 in 2007](/wiki/File:Trolleybus_111_TC_La-Chaux-de-Fonds.jpg \"Trolleybus 111 TC La-Chaux-de-Fonds.jpg\")\nInitially, the La Chaux\\-de\\-Fonds trolleybus system had a fleet of 10 short two\\-axle vehicles. Six additional new trolleybuses later joined the fleet as three sets of twins, delivered in 1954, 1961 and 1965, respectively. Another 13 vehicles were acquired secondhand.\n\nBetween 1978 and 1982, TN bought eight new trolleybuses with secondhand [electrical equipment](/wiki/Electrical_equipment \"Electrical equipment\") from the [Geneva system](/wiki/Trolleybuses_in_Geneva \"Trolleybuses in Geneva\"), and unsuccessfully tested a secondhand vehicle from the [Lucerne system](/wiki/Trolleybuses_in_Lucerne \"Trolleybuses in Lucerne\").\n\nIn 1990, three new [rigid trolleybuses](/wiki/Rigid_bus \"Rigid bus\") were introduced to the fleet. They were [NAW](/wiki/Nutzfahrzeuggesellschaft_Arbon_%26_Wetzikon \"Nutzfahrzeuggesellschaft Arbon & Wetzikon\") / [Hess](/wiki/Carrosserie_Hess \"Carrosserie Hess\") BT 5\\-25 type vehicles, and were given the fleet numbers 111 to 113\\.*Trolleybus Magazine* No. 174 (November–December 1990\\), p. 146\\. National Trolleybus Association (UK). . The last three [high\\-floor](/wiki/High-floor \"High-floor\") vehicles in the fleet, they were withdrawn from service between the end of 2007 and the end of 2010\\. Their replacements, diesel\\-powered buses, were used alternately with trolleybuses on the trolleybus lines.\n\nAs of 2010, before the 2014 suspension, the following 12 vehicles were available to operate trolleybus services in La Chaux\\-de\\-Fonds, all of them [low\\-floor buses](/wiki/Low-floor_bus \"Low-floor bus\"). At that time, the La Chaux\\-de\\-Fonds system was, along with the [Lausanne system](/wiki/Trolleybuses_in_Lausanne \"Trolleybuses in Lausanne\") and the Lucerne system, one of only three Swiss trolleybus systems still using rigid (two\\-axle) trolleybuses. These 12 vehicles were all subsequently sold, the articulated Hess units to the [Neuchâtel system](/wiki/Trolleybuses_in_Neuch%C3%A2tel \"Trolleybuses in Neuchâtel\"), in 2012–2014, the articulated Solaris units to the [Salzburg trolleybus system](/wiki/Trolleybuses_in_Salzburg \"Trolleybuses in Salzburg\"), in 2012, and the two\\-axle Solaris units to the [Ostrava](/wiki/Ostrava \"Ostrava\") transit system, in 2015\\.\n\n| | Fleet nos | Quantity | Manufacturer | [Electrics](/wiki/Electrical_equipment \"Electrical equipment\") | Type | Configuration | Built |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [150px](/wiki/File:TRN_Swisstrolley_2_125.jpg \"TRN Swisstrolley 2 125.jpg\") | 121–125 | 5 | [NAW](/wiki/Nutzfahrzeuggesellschaft_Arbon_%26_Wetzikon \"Nutzfahrzeuggesellschaft Arbon & Wetzikon\") / [Hess](/wiki/Carrosserie_Hess \"Carrosserie Hess\") | [Siemens](/wiki/Siemens \"Siemens\") | [BGT\\-N](/wiki/Hess_Swisstrolley%23Swisstrolley_1 \"Hess Swisstrolley#Swisstrolley 1\") | [Articulated](/wiki/Articulated_bus \"Articulated bus\") | 1996 |\n| [150px](/wiki/File:Trolleybus_La_Chaux_de_Fonds.JPG \"Trolleybus La Chaux de Fonds.JPG\") | 131–133 | 3 | [Solaris](/wiki/Solaris_Bus_%26_Coach \"Solaris Bus & Coach\") | [Cegelec](/wiki/Cegelec \"Cegelec\") | [Trollino 12 AC](/wiki/Solaris_Trollino_12 \"Solaris Trollino 12\") | [Rigid](/wiki/Rigid_bus \"Rigid bus\") | 2005 |\n| [150px](/wiki/File:Trolleybus_Solaris_Trollino18.JPG \"Trolleybus Solaris Trollino18.JPG\") | 141–144 | 4 | Solaris | Cegelec | [Trollino 18 AC](/wiki/Solaris_Trollino_18 \"Solaris Trollino 18\") | Articulated | 2005 |\n\n",
"### New fleet on order\n\nAfter it was decided to reopen the system, an order was placed with [Carrosserie Hess](/wiki/Carrosserie_Hess \"Carrosserie Hess\") in 2021 for 18 new articulated trolleybuses of the type LighTram 19DC, with six due for delivery in 2023 and the other 12 not until 2026\\.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [List of trolleybus systems in Switzerland](/wiki/List_of_trolleybus_systems_in_Switzerland \"List of trolleybus systems in Switzerland\")\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n### Notes\n\n### Books\n\n",
"### Notes\n\n",
"### Books\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:La Chaux\\-de\\-Fonds](/wiki/Category:La_Chaux-de-Fonds \"La Chaux-de-Fonds\")\n[La Chaux\\-de\\-Fonds](/wiki/Category:Trolleybus_systems_by_city \"Trolleybus systems by city\")\n[La Chaux\\-de\\-Fonds](/wiki/Category:Trolleybus_transport_in_Switzerland \"Trolleybus transport in Switzerland\")\n[Category:1949 establishments in Switzerland](/wiki/Category:1949_establishments_in_Switzerland \"1949 establishments in Switzerland\")\n\n"
]
} |
Pain-de-Sucre | {
"id": [
25082147
],
"name": [
"Mazewaxie"
]
} | fc99cm6x30gmukpxq3muvjbnz8lh0kk | 2024-01-20T11:07:52Z | 1,137,812,060 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"To see",
"Notes"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
" \n**Pain\\-de\\-Sucre** is a neighbourhood *(quartier)* of [Terre\\-de\\-Haut Island](/wiki/Terre-de-Haut_Island \"Terre-de-Haut Island\"), located in [Les Saintes](/wiki/%C3%8Eles_des_Saintes \"Îles des Saintes\"), [Guadeloupe](/wiki/Guadeloupe \"Guadeloupe\"). It is located in the southwestern part of the island. This is a residential quartier of Terre\\-de\\-Haut Island. It is a natural anchorage. The famous *Pain de sucre* of the archipelago is located on this quartier.\n\n",
"To see\n------\n\n* *Pain de sucre*: This is a famous mountain of les Saintes. It is constituted by an alignment of [basalt columns](/wiki/Basalt_column \"Basalt column\") plunging into the blue waters of the bay of les Saintes.\n* The beaches called *Petite Anse du Pain de sucre* and *Anse Devant* are two small beautiful beaches of white sand and turquoise water.\n",
"Notes\n-----\n\n \n\n[Category:Populated places in Îles des Saintes](/wiki/Category:Populated_places_in_%C3%8Eles_des_Saintes \"Populated places in Îles des Saintes\")\n[Category:Quartiers of Îles des Saintes](/wiki/Category:Quartiers_of_%C3%8Eles_des_Saintes \"Quartiers of Îles des Saintes\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Denmark–Morocco relations | {
"id": [
27015025
],
"name": [
"InternetArchiveBot"
]
} | 4r1zm2ug3cepjqdyu6l1ccqaiqcipxi | 2024-01-26T16:11:22Z | 1,192,176,589 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy",
"Agreements",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Denmark–Morocco relations** refers to the [current and historical relations](/wiki/Bilateralism \"Bilateralism\") between [Denmark](/wiki/Denmark \"Denmark\") and [Morocco](/wiki/Morocco \"Morocco\"). Denmark has an embassy in [Rabat](/wiki/Rabat \"Rabat\") and Morocco has an embassy in [Copenhagen](/wiki/Copenhagen \"Copenhagen\"). Denmark also sends aid to Morocco as part of the Danish\\-Arab Partnership Programme. In January 2008, Danish Foreign Minister [Per Stig Møller](/wiki/Per_Stig_M%C3%B8ller \"Per Stig Møller\") visited Morocco for the opening of the Danish embassy in Rabat. In March 1980, [Mohammed VI of Morocco](/wiki/Mohammed_VI_of_Morocco \"Mohammed VI of Morocco\") visited Denmark as the Crown Prince of Morocco and Moroccan Foreign Minister [Mohamed Benaissa](/wiki/Mohamed_Benaissa \"Mohamed Benaissa\") visited Denmark in 2005 and in 2006\\.\n\nIn 2006, Danish export to Morocco amounted 203 million US$ and Moroccan export amounted 18 million US$.\n\nIn June 2004, Danish Foreign Minister [Per Stig Møller](/wiki/Per_Stig_M%C3%B8ller \"Per Stig Møller\") said that Denmark did not \"recognise Moroccan sovereignty on Western Sahara\", and considered the Moroccan presence in [Western Sahara](/wiki/Western_Sahara \"Western Sahara\") \"illegal\" and \"unacceptable\".\n\nIn January 2011, Danish Foreign Minister [Lene Espersen](/wiki/Lene_Espersen \"Lene Espersen\") said that \"human rights, and particularly freedom of assembly and press freedom, is an essential part of the ongoing bilateral dialogue between Denmark and Morocco\", and has also criticized Morocco for their human rights record in the Western Sahara.\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nDiplomatic relations between Denmark and Morocco were established in 1957\\. Two years later, Morocco opened an embassy in [Oslo](/wiki/Oslo \"Oslo\"), [Norway](/wiki/Norway \"Norway\") which also were accredited to Denmark. In 1999, Denmark closed their embassy in Morocco because of budget reasons. In 2006, Denmark reopened their embassy in Rabat and both countries desired to strengthen their bilateral relations and trade. In November 2008, Danish [Princess Marie](/wiki/Princess_Marie_of_Denmark \"Princess Marie of Denmark\") visited Morocco to hand over 3500 boxes of Lego for charity.\n\n",
"Jyllands\\-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy\n----------------------------------------------\n\nOn February 2, 2006, protesters in [Rabat](/wiki/Rabat \"Rabat\"), [Morocco](/wiki/Morocco \"Morocco\") had staged a [sit\\-in](/wiki/Sit-in \"Sit-in\") before the Parliament in response to the Jyllands\\-Posten Muhammad cartoons. Newspapers that involved the cartoons were also barred by the Moroccan government.\n\n",
"Agreements\n----------\n\nOn 25 July 1767, a treaty were signed between Denmark and Morocco. In December 1976, Denmark and Morocco signed an economic and technical agreement. A protection of mutual investment agreement was signed between the two countries in May 2003\\. In 2004, Denmark and Morocco signed an oil prospecting agreement for oil prospecting in the coast of [Tarfaya](/wiki/Tarfaya \"Tarfaya\").\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Foreign relations of Denmark](/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Denmark \"Foreign relations of Denmark\")\n* [Foreign relations of Morocco](/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Morocco \"Foreign relations of Morocco\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Morocco](/wiki/Category:Bilateral_relations_of_Denmark \"Bilateral relations of Denmark\")\n[Category:Bilateral relations of Morocco](/wiki/Category:Bilateral_relations_of_Morocco \"Bilateral relations of Morocco\")\n\n"
]
} |
Last of the Line | {
"id": [
47127436
],
"name": [
"Pppery (alt)"
]
} | eahdpypzh0pnpjs43kebu9sygi5nh2z | 2024-04-26T19:27:58Z | 1,188,044,278 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Track listing",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Last of the Line*** is the sixth studio album by English [folk metal](/wiki/Folk_metal \"Folk metal\") band [Forefather](/wiki/Forefather_%28band%29 \"Forefather (band)\"). It was officially released on 19 December 2011 by their own record label, Seven Kingdoms.\n\n",
"Track listing\n-------------\n\n1. \"Cometh the King\" – 0:54\n2. \"Last of the Line\" – 4:44\n3. \"Chorus of Steel\" – 4:43\n4. \"By Thy Deeds\" – 4:51\n5. \"Up High\" – 5:09\n6. \"Wolves of Prayer\" – 4:58\n7. \"Wyrda Gesceaft\" – 3:06\n8. \"Doomsday Dawns\" – 6:43\n9. \"Shadows of the Dead\" – 5:25\n10. \"Spears of Faith\" – 4:54\n11. \"The Downfallen\" – 5:53\n12. \"Into the Rising Sun\" – 3:52\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:2011 albums](/wiki/Category:2011_albums \"2011 albums\")\n[Category:Forefather albums](/wiki/Category:Forefather_albums \"Forefather albums\")\n\n"
]
} |
Inner Space (album) | {
"id": [
3379221
],
"name": [
"Brunton"
]
} | js7dbyqg0nowlbbaohbq6et79ibane4 | 2021-02-20T20:32:28Z | 1,000,888,578 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Release history",
"Track listing",
"Original double LP release",
"Abridged CD re-issue",
"Personnel",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
3,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Inner Space*** is a compilation album of [Chick Corea](/wiki/Chick_Corea \"Chick Corea\") music released by Atlantic Records in 1973\\. The album contains all four tracks from Corea's 1968 debut album, *[Tones for Joan's Bones](/wiki/Tones_for_Joan%27s_Bones \"Tones for Joan's Bones\")* as well as two previously unreleased tracks (\"Inner Space\" \\& \"Guijira\") from the same recording sessions and two tracks (\"Windows\" \\& \"Trio for Flute, Bassoon and Piano\") originally released on [Hubert Laws](/wiki/Hubert_Laws \"Hubert Laws\")' 1969 LP *[Laws' Cause](/wiki/Laws%27_Cause \"Laws' Cause\")*.\n\n",
"Release history\n---------------\n\nThe album was first released as a double LP by Atlantic Records in 1973\\. Early CD re\\-issues omit two tracks, \"Tones for Joan's Bones\" and \"This Is New\", but the 2008 release on the [Collectables Records](/wiki/Collectables_Records \"Collectables Records\") label restores them.\n\n\"Windows\" was recorded August 10, 1966 and originally released on [Hubert Laws](/wiki/Hubert_Laws \"Hubert Laws\")' 1969 LP *[Laws' Cause](/wiki/Laws%27_Cause \"Laws' Cause\")*.\n\n",
"Track listing\n-------------\n\nAll tracks composed by Chick Corea except where noted.\n\n### Original double LP release\n\nSide A\n1. \"Straight Up and Down\" – 12:32\n2. \"This Is New\" ([Kurt Weill](/wiki/Kurt_Weill \"Kurt Weill\"), [Ira Gershwin](/wiki/Ira_Gershwin \"Ira Gershwin\")) – 7:36\nSide B\n3. \"Tones for Joan's Bones\" – 6:03\n4. \"Litha\" – 13:28\nSide C\n5. \"Inner Space\" – 9:18\n6. \"[Windows](/wiki/Windows_%28composition%29 \"Windows (composition)\")\" – 8:45\nSide D\n7. \"Guijira\" – 12:19\n8. \"Trio for Flute, Bassoon and Piano\" – 5:07\n* Tracks A1 to C1, D1 recorded at [Atlantic Recording Studios](/wiki/Atlantic_Recording_Studios \"Atlantic Recording Studios\"), [New York City](/wiki/New_York_City \"New York City\"), N.Y. on November 30 \\& December 1, 1966\\.\n* Track C2 recorded at Atlantic Recording Studios, New York City, N.Y. on August 10, 1966\\.\n* Track D2 recorded at [A\\&R Studios](/wiki/A_%26_R_Recording \"A & R Recording\"), New York City, N.Y. NYC, March 27, 1968\\.\n* Re\\-mixed at Atlantic Recording Studios, New York City, N.Y. in May, 1972\\.\n\n### Abridged CD re\\-issue\n\n1. \"Straight Up and Down\" – 12:32\n2. \"Litha\" – 13:28\n3. \"Inner Space\" – 9:18\n4. \"Windows\" – 8:45\n5. \"Guijira\" – 12:19\n6. \"Trio for Flute, Bassoon and Piano\" – 5:07\n\nThe 2008 release on the [Collectables](/wiki/Collectables_Records \"Collectables Records\") label restores \"This Is New\" and \"Tones for Joan's Bones\".\n\n",
"### Original double LP release\n\nSide A\n1. \"Straight Up and Down\" – 12:32\n2. \"This Is New\" ([Kurt Weill](/wiki/Kurt_Weill \"Kurt Weill\"), [Ira Gershwin](/wiki/Ira_Gershwin \"Ira Gershwin\")) – 7:36\nSide B\n3. \"Tones for Joan's Bones\" – 6:03\n4. \"Litha\" – 13:28\nSide C\n5. \"Inner Space\" – 9:18\n6. \"[Windows](/wiki/Windows_%28composition%29 \"Windows (composition)\")\" – 8:45\nSide D\n7. \"Guijira\" – 12:19\n8. \"Trio for Flute, Bassoon and Piano\" – 5:07\n* Tracks A1 to C1, D1 recorded at [Atlantic Recording Studios](/wiki/Atlantic_Recording_Studios \"Atlantic Recording Studios\"), [New York City](/wiki/New_York_City \"New York City\"), N.Y. on November 30 \\& December 1, 1966\\.\n* Track C2 recorded at Atlantic Recording Studios, New York City, N.Y. on August 10, 1966\\.\n* Track D2 recorded at [A\\&R Studios](/wiki/A_%26_R_Recording \"A & R Recording\"), New York City, N.Y. NYC, March 27, 1968\\.\n* Re\\-mixed at Atlantic Recording Studios, New York City, N.Y. in May, 1972\\.\n\n",
"### Abridged CD re\\-issue\n\n1. \"Straight Up and Down\" – 12:32\n2. \"Litha\" – 13:28\n3. \"Inner Space\" – 9:18\n4. \"Windows\" – 8:45\n5. \"Guijira\" – 12:19\n6. \"Trio for Flute, Bassoon and Piano\" – 5:07\n\nThe 2008 release on the [Collectables](/wiki/Collectables_Records \"Collectables Records\") label restores \"This Is New\" and \"Tones for Joan's Bones\".\n\n",
"Personnel\n---------\n\n* Chick Corea – [piano](/wiki/Piano \"Piano\") (on all tracks)\n* [Steve Swallow](/wiki/Steve_Swallow \"Steve Swallow\") – [bass](/wiki/Double_bass \"Double bass\") (except \"Windows\" \\& \"Trio for Flute, Bassoon and Piano\")\n* [Joe Chambers](/wiki/Joe_Chambers \"Joe Chambers\") – [drums](/wiki/Drumkit \"Drumkit\") (except \"Windows\" \\& \"Trio for Flute, Bassoon and Piano\")\n* [Joe Farrell](/wiki/Joe_Farrell \"Joe Farrell\") – [tenor saxophone](/wiki/Tenor_saxophone \"Tenor saxophone\"), [flute](/wiki/Western_concert_flute \"Western concert flute\") (except \"Windows\" and \"Trio for Flute, Bassoon and Piano\")\n* [Woody Shaw](/wiki/Woody_Shaw \"Woody Shaw\") – [trumpet](/wiki/Trumpet \"Trumpet\") (except \"Windows\" \\& \"Trio for Flute, Bassoon and Piano\")\n\non \"Windows\"\n* [Hubert Laws](/wiki/Hubert_Laws \"Hubert Laws\") – flute \n* [Ron Carter](/wiki/Ron_Carter \"Ron Carter\") – bass\n* [Grady Tate](/wiki/Grady_Tate \"Grady Tate\") – drums\n\non \"Trio for Flute, Bassoon and Piano\"\n* Karl Porter – [bassoon](/wiki/Bassoon \"Bassoon\")\n* [Hubert Laws](/wiki/Hubert_Laws \"Hubert Laws\") – flute\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n* Atlantic Records SD 2\\-305 / K 60081\n* Atlantic Jazz (Germany) 7567\\-81304\\-2 (1988 CD)\n* [Chick Corea \\- *Inner Space* (rec. 1966 \\& 1968, rel. 1973\\)](http://www.discogs.com/Chick-Corea-Inner-Space/release/723689) at [Discogs](/wiki/Discogs \"Discogs\") (US double LP, Atlantic Records SD 2\\-305\\)\n* [Chick Corea \\- *Inner Space* (rec. 1966 \\& 1968, rel. 1988\\)](https://www.discogs.com/Chick-Corea-Inner-Space/release/5702582) at [Discogs](/wiki/Discogs \"Discogs\") (1988 Abridged CD re\\-issue, Atlantic Jazz, 2\\-305\\-2\\)\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Chick Corea \\- *Inner Space* (rec. 1966 \\& 1968, rel. 1973\\) album review by Scott Yanow, credits \\& releases](https://www.allmusic.com/album/inner-space-mw0000195330) at [AllMusic](/wiki/AllMusic \"AllMusic\")\n* [Chick Corea \\- *Inner Space* (rec. 1966 \\& 1968, rel. 1973\\) album releases \\& credits](https://www.discogs.com/Chick-Corea-Inner-Space/release/723689) at [Discogs](/wiki/Discogs \"Discogs\")\n* [Chick Corea \\- *Inner Space* (rec. 1966 \\& 1968, rel. 1973\\) album to be listened](https://open.spotify.com/playlist/2rfcYsx5o21vDXF3dTEpSG) as stream on [Spotify](/wiki/Spotify \"Spotify\")\n\n[Category:Chick Corea albums](/wiki/Category:Chick_Corea_albums \"Chick Corea albums\")\n[Category:1973 albums](/wiki/Category:1973_albums \"1973 albums\")\n[Category:Atlantic Records albums](/wiki/Category:Atlantic_Records_albums \"Atlantic Records albums\")\n\n"
]
} |
Jesse Hunt | {
"id": [
42454206
],
"name": [
"Y2hyaXM"
]
} | 6l08zky1alvcu7tmyteul03n81gmtzu | 2024-10-15T22:31:28Z | 1,250,215,265 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Early life",
"Career",
"Personal life",
"See also",
"Notes",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n* + - \n\n**Jesse Hunt** (July 3, 1793 – December 8, 1872\\) was [Mayor of Baltimore](/wiki/Mayor_of_Baltimore \"Mayor of Baltimore\") from November 1832 to August 11, 1835\\. He resigned office following a [banking crisis](/wiki/Banking_crisis \"Banking crisis\") in which, as a director of the failed bank, he was personally implicated.\n\n",
"Early life\n----------\n\nJesse Hunt was born on July 3, 1793, in [Green Spring Valley](/wiki/Green_Spring_Valley_Historic_District \"Green Spring Valley Historic District\"), [Baltimore County, Maryland](/wiki/Baltimore_County%2C_Maryland \"Baltimore County, Maryland\"). He was a descendant of a pioneer family of [Calvert County](/wiki/Calvert_County%2C_Maryland \"Calvert County, Maryland\"). His father moved from Calvert County to Green Spring Valley in 1760\\. In 1808, he served as an apprentice at the house of William and Richard Hall, a [saddlery](/wiki/Saddlery \"Saddlery\") in [Baltimore](/wiki/Baltimore \"Baltimore\").\n\n",
"Career\n------\n\nHunt enlisted in the volunteer army and helped raise the company [Washington Blues](/wiki/Washington_Blues \"Washington Blues\"), a division attached to the [5th Maryland Regiment](/wiki/5th_Maryland_Regiment \"5th Maryland Regiment\") and was at the [Battle of North Point](/wiki/Battle_of_North_Point \"Battle of North Point\") in 1814 during the [War of 1812](/wiki/War_of_1812 \"War of 1812\"). He later became a lieutenant and resigned his commission in 1822\\.\n\nIn 1815, Hunt started to work in the saddlery and harness\\-making business. He was elected to the [Maryland House of Delegates](/wiki/Maryland_House_of_Delegates \"Maryland House of Delegates\") in 1829, 1830 and 1831\\. In 1832, he was nominated for mayor and was elected under the [Democratic](/wiki/Democratic_Party_%28United_States%29 \"Democratic Party (United States)\") ticket, defeating [Jacob Small](/wiki/Jacob_Small \"Jacob Small\"). He was re\\-elected in 1834\\.\n\nIn 1834, the [Bank of Maryland](/wiki/Bank_of_Maryland \"Bank of Maryland\"), of which Hunt was a director, experienced a [liquidity crisis](/wiki/Liquidity_crisis \"Liquidity crisis\") and collapsed. Months passed and creditors grew tired of waiting in vain for a settlement, and violence soon followed. On August 6, 1835, a mob gathered and broke the windows of the house of [Reverdy Johnson](/wiki/Reverdy_Johnson \"Reverdy Johnson\") one of the bank's directors. Jesse attempted to protect his colleague's home, but was unable to prevent the destruction of that and many other bank directors' homes, including \\- eventually \\- his own.\n\nHunt, having lost control of the city, resigned five days later, on August 11, 1835\\. After resigning, Hunt was elected as City Register and served in that position for ten years. He became the first president of Eutaw Savings Bank and served in that position until 1871\\.\n\n",
"Personal life\n-------------\n\nHunt married Margaret Yundt and she died in 1860\\. He had seven children. He died on December 8, 1872, at his home in Baltimore. He was buried at [Green Mount Cemetery](/wiki/Green_Mount_Cemetery \"Green Mount Cemetery\") in Baltimore.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Baltimore bank riot](/wiki/Baltimore_bank_riot \"Baltimore bank riot\")\n",
"Notes\n-----\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [www.msa.md.gov](http://www.msa.md.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc3500/sc3520/012400/012470/html/12470bio.html) Retrieved January 2012\n\n[Category:1793 births](/wiki/Category:1793_births \"1793 births\")\n[Category:1872 deaths](/wiki/Category:1872_deaths \"1872 deaths\")\n[Bank riot](/wiki/Category:Riots_and_civil_disorder_in_Baltimore \"Riots and civil disorder in Baltimore\")\n[Category:Finance fraud](/wiki/Category:Finance_fraud \"Finance fraud\")\n[Category:Democratic Party members of the Maryland House of Delegates](/wiki/Category:Democratic_Party_members_of_the_Maryland_House_of_Delegates \"Democratic Party members of the Maryland House of Delegates\")\n[Category:Mayors of Baltimore](/wiki/Category:Mayors_of_Baltimore \"Mayors of Baltimore\")\n[Category:People from Maryland in the War of 1812](/wiki/Category:People_from_Maryland_in_the_War_of_1812 \"People from Maryland in the War of 1812\")\n[Category:Burials at Green Mount Cemetery](/wiki/Category:Burials_at_Green_Mount_Cemetery \"Burials at Green Mount Cemetery\")\n[Category:19th\\-century Maryland politicians](/wiki/Category:19th-century_Maryland_politicians \"19th-century Maryland politicians\")\n[Category:19th\\-century mayors of places in Maryland](/wiki/Category:19th-century_mayors_of_places_in_Maryland \"19th-century mayors of places in Maryland\")\n\n"
]
} |
Curve (album) | {
"id": [
45417033
],
"name": [
"Swinub"
]
} | 9uaqmznl0i3vylvk3p7e2ft636ve82m | 2024-05-29T16:01:57Z | 1,222,987,941 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Development",
"References"
],
"level": [
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Curve*** is [the eighth](/wiki/Our_Lady_Peace_discography \"Our Lady Peace discography\") studio album by Canadian [alternative rock](/wiki/Alternative_rock \"Alternative rock\") band [Our Lady Peace](/wiki/Our_Lady_Peace \"Our Lady Peace\") (OLP), released on April 3, 2012\\.[Our Lady Peace still rewriting their history](http://arts.nationalpost.com/2012/04/02/our-lady-peace-still-rewriting-their-history/) – *National Post*. Retrieved April 3, 2012\\. The album was recorded from 2010 through 2012 at vocalist [Raine Maida](/wiki/Raine_Maida \"Raine Maida\")'s home recording studio. *Curve**s first single, \"[Heavyweight](/wiki/Heavyweight_%28song%29 \"Heavyweight (song)\")\", was released on December 20, 2011\\. The music from *Curve* has been touted by lead singer Maida as being \"more experimental and ambitious\" than the band's 2000 [concept album](/wiki/Concept_album \"Concept album\") *[Spiritual Machines](/wiki/Spiritual_Machines \"Spiritual Machines\")*.[Our Lady Peace bringing new tunes and renewed energy to Tecumseh's Cornfest](http://windsorite.ca/2011/07/our-lady-peace-bringing-new-tunes-renewed-energy-to-tecumsehs-cornfest/) – *Windsorite.ca*. July 18, 2011\\. Retrieved January 19, 2012\\. The album's cover features Canadian heavyweight boxer [George Chuvalo](/wiki/George_Chuvalo \"George Chuvalo\"), whose vocal excerpts are featured in the album's tenth and final track \"Mettle\".[TRT Interviews: Raine Maida of Our Lady Peace](http://www.theroundtableonline.com/2012/02/trt-interviews-raine-maida-of-our-lady-peace/) – *The Round Table*. February 6, 2012\\. Retrieved February 13, 2012\\.***\n\nThe album debuted at No.9 on the [Canadian Albums Chart](/wiki/Canadian_Albums_Chart \"Canadian Albums Chart\"). This is the last album to feature the *[Gravity](/wiki/Gravity_%28Our_Lady_Peace_album%29 \"Gravity (Our Lady Peace album)\")*\\-era lineup, with drummer [Jeremy Taggart](/wiki/Jeremy_Taggart \"Jeremy Taggart\") leaving the band in June 2014\\. The time between ''Curves release and the band's 2018 album [Somethingness](/wiki/Somethingness \"Somethingness\") *marked the longest gap between Our Lady Peace studio albums to date, at nearly 6 years.*\n\nDevelopment\n-----------\n\nThe band began recording Curve *about six months after the release of their seventh studio album,* [Burn Burn](/wiki/Burn_Burn_%28album%29 \"Burn Burn (album)\")*. – *ChartAttack*. December 9, 2009\\. Retrieved January 19, 2012\\. As with* Burn Burn*, the album was recorded at Raine Maida's studio in Los Angeles and is not attached to a [major record label](/wiki/Record_label%23Major_labels \"Record label#Major labels\"). Fans were provided with unprecedented [live footage](/wiki/Streaming_media \"Streaming media\") of the band recording the album via [Ustream](/wiki/Ustream \"Ustream\") throughout early to mid\\-2011\\. Band members also provided live updates on the progress of the album, including song titles and lyrics, via [Twitter](/wiki/Twitter \"Twitter\") and [Facebook](/wiki/Facebook \"Facebook\").*\n\n### Artistic direction\n\nCurve*'s artistic direction was inspired by the band's 2010* [Clumsy](/wiki/Clumsy_%28Our_Lady_Peace_album%29 \"Clumsy (Our Lady Peace album)\") *and* Spiritual Machines *tour, – *Montreal Gazette*. Canwest Publishing, Inc. 2010\\. Archived version retrieved December 15, 2011\\. as well as by [constructive criticism](/wiki/Criticism%23Constructive_criticism \"Criticism#Constructive criticism\") from a friend of the band's, [Jason Lader](/wiki/Jason_Lader \"Jason Lader\"), who later became producer of the album. When Lader was shown some early working material from the album, he criticized it, saying \"why don't you make a record that* you *would listen to?\".[Raine says new Our Lady Peace album “sets up the next ten years for us”](http://exploremusic.com/show/raine-says-new-our-lady-peace-album-sets-up-the-next-ten-years-for-us/) – *Exploremusic.com*. December 26, 2011\\. Retrieved January 19, 2012\\. This prompted the band to scrap all of the material they'd written and recorded up to that point, and to start over fresh.*\n\nThe band has stated that they pushed the creative boundaries as much as possible with Curve'*s music. In a late 2011 interview, lead singer Maida was quoted as saying, \"when we look back at what we respect about what we've done, whether it's things from* [Naveed](/wiki/Naveed_%28album%29 \"Naveed (album)\") *or things from* Spiritual Machines*, it's tapping into those feelings and trying to find that place again where we exist as artists, and the record really goes deep into those spaces, so it's getting back to what I think the best parts of this band are.\" He added, \"I think people are gonna be pretty surprised where this record goes\".*\n\nCritical reception\n------------------\n\nAt Metacritic, which assigns a normalised rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 49 (based on four reviews) indicating the reception of the album has been 'mixed'.\nTrack listing\n-------------\n\nThe official track list was revealed through Curve'''s entry on Amazon.com in March 2012\\.[Curve: Amazon.ca: Music](https://www.amazon.ca/Curve-Our-Lady-Peace/dp/B006LZYSR4/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1330967584&sr=8-1) – *Amazon*. Retrieved March 5, 2012\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:2012 albums](/wiki/Category:2012_albums \"2012 albums\")\n[Category:Our Lady Peace albums](/wiki/Category:Our_Lady_Peace_albums \"Our Lady Peace albums\")\n[Category:Self\\-released albums](/wiki/Category:Self-released_albums \"Self-released albums\")\n[Category:Albums produced by Raine Maida](/wiki/Category:Albums_produced_by_Raine_Maida \"Albums produced by Raine Maida\")\n\n"
]
} |
Sam Cullman | {
"id": [
null
],
"name": [
"74.108.70.32"
]
} | a47zqpo78kqtsw66l185c3b8kn9gmou | 2024-08-30T05:07:17Z | 1,243,042,276 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Career",
"Filmography",
"As a director",
"Personal life",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Sam Cullman** (born 1976) is a [cinematographer](/wiki/Cinematographer \"Cinematographer\"), director and [editor](/wiki/Editor \"Editor\") of documentaries, and the founder of Yellow Cake Films, a [film production](/wiki/Film_production \"Film production\") company.\n\nCullman graduated from [Brown University](/wiki/Brown_University \"Brown University\") in 1999, receiving a degree in Urban Studies and Visual Arts.[Credits](http://www.yellowcakefilms.com/credits.html) from YellowCakeFilms.com\n\n",
"Career\n------\n\nCullman was one of the [camera operators](/wiki/Camera_operator \"Camera operator\") on *[Why We Fight](/wiki/Why_We_Fight_%282005_film%29 \"Why We Fight (2005 film)\")*, which won [Sundance's Grand Jury Prize for documentaries](/wiki/List_of_Sundance_Film_Festival_award_winners%232005 \"List of Sundance Film Festival award winners#2005\") in 2005\\. He was a [cinematographer](/wiki/Cinematographer \"Cinematographer\") on the 2007 documentary *[King Corn](/wiki/King_Corn_%28film%29 \"King Corn (film)\")*. Cullman was a producer and director of photography on *The House I Live In*, which was the Documentary Grand Jury Prize winner at Sundance 2012 and was the recipient of the \"React to Film\" Award at Silverdocs. He was also a cinematographer on *Watchers of the Sky* (2014\\).\n\nOn January 24, 2012, Cullman and [Marshall Curry](/wiki/Marshall_Curry \"Marshall Curry\") were nominated for an [Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature](/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Documentary_Feature \"Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature\") for the film *[If a Tree Falls: A Story of the Earth Liberation Front](/wiki/If_a_Tree_Falls:A_Story_of_the_Earth_Liberation_Front \"A Story of the Earth Liberation Front\")*.[*If a Tree Falls* Filmmaker Reacts to Oscar Nomination](http://beyondthebox.org/if-a-tree-falls-filmmaker-reacts-to-oscar-nomination/) from beyondthebox.org At the [84th Academy Awards](/wiki/84th_Academy_Awards \"84th Academy Awards\"), their film lost to *[Undefeated](/wiki/Undefeated_%282011_film%29 \"Undefeated (2011 film)\")*.\nIn 2012, Cullman and Benjamin Rosen made *Black Cherokee*, a [short subject](/wiki/Short_film \"Short film\"), premiering in November 2012 as part of [DOC NYC](/wiki/DOC_NYC \"DOC NYC\"), a documentary film festival.\n\nCullman is a director, producer and the cinematographer of *Art and Craft* (2014\\), with director and producer Jennifer Grausman and co\\-Director Mark Becker. On December 2, 2014, *Art and Craft* was shortlisted for an [Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature](/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Documentary_Feature_Film \"Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature Film\"). In 2016 *Art and Craft* was nominated for an Emmy in the Outstanding Arts and Culture Programming category.\n\nCullman directed *[ReMastered: The Lion's Share](/wiki/ReMastered:The_Lion%27s_Share \"The Lion's Share\")* which won the 2020 [Emmy for Outstanding Arts and Culture Documentary](/wiki/Emmy_Awards \"Emmy Awards\").\n\n",
"Filmography\n-----------\n\n### As a director\n\n* 2011: *[Why We Fight](/wiki/Why_We_Fight_%282005_film%29 \"Why We Fight (2005 film)\")* (with [Marshall Curry](/wiki/Marshall_Curry \"Marshall Curry\"))\n* 2012: *Black Cherokee* (with Benjamin Rosen)\n* 2014: *Art and Craft* (with Jennifer Grausman and Mark Becker)\n* 2018: *[ReMastered: The Lion's Share](/wiki/ReMastered:The_Lion%27s_Share \"The Lion's Share\")*\n",
"### As a director\n\n* 2011: *[Why We Fight](/wiki/Why_We_Fight_%282005_film%29 \"Why We Fight (2005 film)\")* (with [Marshall Curry](/wiki/Marshall_Curry \"Marshall Curry\"))\n* 2012: *Black Cherokee* (with Benjamin Rosen)\n* 2014: *Art and Craft* (with Jennifer Grausman and Mark Becker)\n* 2018: *[ReMastered: The Lion's Share](/wiki/ReMastered:The_Lion%27s_Share \"The Lion's Share\")*\n",
"Personal life\n-------------\n\nCullman is married to activist Purva Panday Cullman.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Yellow Cake Films](http://www.yellowcakefilms.com/), Cullman's production company\n* [*If a Tree Falls*: A video interview with Sam Cullman](http://video.pbs.org/video/2129247931/) for *[POV](/wiki/POV_%28TV_series%29 \"POV (TV series)\")* at [PBS](/wiki/PBS \"PBS\")\n\n[Category:American cinematographers](/wiki/Category:American_cinematographers \"American cinematographers\")\n[Category:American documentary film directors](/wiki/Category:American_documentary_film_directors \"American documentary film directors\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:1977 births](/wiki/Category:1977_births \"1977 births\")\n[Category:Date of birth missing (living people)](/wiki/Category:Date_of_birth_missing_%28living_people%29 \"Date of birth missing (living people)\")\n[Category:Brown University alumni](/wiki/Category:Brown_University_alumni \"Brown University alumni\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
1945 in fine arts of the Soviet Union | {
"id": [
22544285
],
"name": [
"Wavepainter"
]
} | e2kkt2v84onmxp6jewpxs06uwexk1y5 | 2024-06-13T21:09:51Z | 1,228,902,515 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Events",
"Deaths",
"See also",
"References",
"Sources"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe year 1945 was marked by many events that left an imprint on the history of [Soviet](/wiki/Soviet_Union \"Soviet Union\") and [Russian](/wiki/Russia \"Russia\") Fine Arts.\n\n",
"Events\n------\n\n* February 23 — Exhibition of works by artists of Battle Art Studio after [Mitrofan Grekov](/wiki/Mitrofan_Grekov \"Mitrofan Grekov\") was opened in Moscow in the Central House of Red Army. The exposition includes over 500 works of painting, sculpture, drawing by 44 authors.*Выставки советского изобразительного искусства. Справочник. Т.3\\. 1941—1947 годы.* М., Советский художник, 1973\\. C.206\\.\n",
"Deaths\n------\n\n* March 31 — [Leonard Turzhansky](/wiki/Leonard_Turzhansky \"Leonard Turzhansky\") (), Russian painter (b. [1875](/wiki/1875_in_art \"1875 in art\")).\n* May 24 — [Konstantin Gorbatov](/wiki/Konstantin_Gorbatov \"Konstantin Gorbatov\") (), Russian painter (b. [1876](/wiki/1876_in_art \"1876 in art\")).\n* May 31 — [Leonid Pasternak](/wiki/Leonid_Pasternak \"Leonid Pasternak\") ( or *Isaak Iosifovich Pasternak*), Russian painter of [Orthodox Jewish](/wiki/Orthodox_Judaism \"Orthodox Judaism\") origin (b. [1862](/wiki/1862_in_art \"1862 in art\")). He was the father of the poet and novelist [Boris Pasternak](/wiki/Boris_Pasternak \"Boris Pasternak\").\n* July 18 — [Anatoli Kaygorodov](/wiki/Anatoli_Kaygorodov \"Anatoli Kaygorodov\") (), Russian painter and graphic artist (b. [1878](/wiki/1878_in_art \"1878 in art\")).\n* November 12 — [Vsevolod Voinov](/wiki/Vsevolod_Voinov \"Vsevolod Voinov\") (), Russian painter, graphic artist, theatre artist and art historian (b. [1880](/wiki/1880_in_art \"1880 in art\")).\n\nFile:Leonid Pasternak \\- self\\-portrait (1908, Pskov).jpg\\|\\[\\[Leonid Pasternak]] \\- self\\-portrait\nImage:Brodsky\\-Gorbatov.jpg\\|\\[\\[Konstantin Gorbatov]]\nImage:Vvvoinov.jpg\\|\\[\\[Vsevolod Voinov]]\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [List of Russian artists](/wiki/List_of_Russian_artists \"List of Russian artists\")\n* [List of painters of Leningrad Union of Artists](/wiki/List_of_painters_of_Leningrad_Union_of_Artists \"List of painters of Leningrad Union of Artists\")\n* [Saint Petersburg Union of Artists](/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_Union_of_Artists \"Saint Petersburg Union of Artists\")\n* [Russian culture](/wiki/Russian_culture \"Russian culture\")\n* [1945 in the Soviet Union](/wiki/1945_in_the_Soviet_Union \"1945 in the Soviet Union\")\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"Sources\n-------\n\n* *Каталог выставки. Живопись. Скульптура. Графика*. М., ЦДКА, 1945\\.\n* *Выставка этюдов ленинградских художников (Живопись, скульптура, графика, театр)*. Л., ЛССХ, 1945\\.\n* *Третья выставка работ художников ленинградского фронта. Каталог.* Л., Военное издательство Народного Комиссариата обороны, 1945\\.\n* *Выставки советского изобразительного искусства. Справочник. Том 3\\. 1941—1947 годы.* М., Советский художник, 1973\\.\n* *Artists of Peoples of the USSR. Biography Dictionary. Vol. 1\\.* Moscow, Iskusstvo, 1970\\.\n* *Artists of Peoples of the USSR. Biography Dictionary. Vol. 2\\.* Moscow, Iskusstvo, 1972\\.\n* *Directory of Members of Union of Artists of USSR. Volume 1,2\\.* Moscow, Soviet Artist Edition, 1979\\.\n* *Directory of Members of the Leningrad branch of the Union of Artists of Russian Federation.* Leningrad, Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1980\\.\n* *Artists of Peoples of the USSR. Biography Dictionary. Vol. 4 Book 1*. Moscow, Iskusstvo, 1983\\.\n* *Directory of Members of the Leningrad branch of the Union of Artists of Russian Federation.* – Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1987\\.\n* *Персональные и групповые выставки советских художников. 1917\\-1947 гг.* М., Советский художник, 1989\\.\n* *Artists of peoples of the USSR. Biography Dictionary. Vol. 4 Book 2*. – Saint Petersburg: Academic project humanitarian agency, 1995\\.\n* *Link of Times: 1932 – 1997\\. Artists – Members of Saint Petersburg Union of Artists of Russia. Exhibition catalogue*. – Saint Petersburg: Manezh Central Exhibition Hall, 1997\\.\n* *Matthew C. Bown. Dictionary of 20th Century Russian and Soviet Painters 1900\\-1980s*. – London: Izomar, 1998\\.\n* *Vern G. Swanson. Soviet Impressionism.* – Woodbridge, England: Antique Collectors' Club, 2001\\.\n* *Петр Фомин. Живопись. Воспоминания современников.* СПб., 2002\\. С.107\\.\n* *Время перемен. Искусство 1960—1985 в Советском Союзе.* СПб., Государственный Русский музей, 2006\\.\n* *Sergei V. Ivanov. Unknown Socialist Realism. The Leningrad School.* – Saint\\-Petersburg: NP\\-Print Edition, 2007\\. – , .\n* *Anniversary Directory graduates of Saint Petersburg State Academic Institute of Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture named after Ilya Repin, Russian Academy of Arts. 1915 – 2005\\.* – Saint Petersburg: Pervotsvet Publishing House, 2007\\.\n\n[\\*](/wiki/Category:Soviet_art \"Soviet art\")\n[Art](/wiki/Category:1945_in_the_Soviet_Union \"1945 in the Soviet Union\")\n[Soviet Union](/wiki/Category:1945_in_art \"1945 in art\")\n\n"
]
} |
'''Platycyamus''' | {
"id": [
13892613
],
"name": [
"Estopedist1"
]
} | q7h1395136sxkk53xz4bg878nznxjxw | 2021-03-25T08:09:14Z | 474,918,651 | 0 | {
"title": [
"'''Platycyamus'''"
],
"level": [
1
],
"content": [
"***Platycyamus*** may refer to:\n* [*Platycyamus* (plant)](/wiki/Platycyamus_%28plant%29 \"Platycyamus (plant)\"), a genus of plants in the family Fabaceae\n* [*Platycyamus* (amphipod)](/wiki/Platycyamus_%28amphipod%29 \"Platycyamus (amphipod)\"), a genus of [whale lice](/wiki/Whale_louse \"Whale louse\") in the family [Cyamidae](/wiki/Cyamidae \"Cyamidae\")\n\n"
]
} |
Lubue River | {
"id": [
35936988
],
"name": [
"JJMC89 bot III"
]
} | 5402kti9xc2ingsz7lrp2193wxi3tyf | 2020-06-26T07:18:16Z | 932,077,848 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\nThe **Lubue River** runs from south to north through [Idiofa](/wiki/Idiofa_Territory \"Idiofa Territory\") territory, [Kwilu](/wiki/Kwilu_Province \"Kwilu Province\") province, [Democratic Republic of the Congo](/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo \"Democratic Republic of the Congo\").\nNear its origin in the south, where the Musanga River enters from the left, it is a small, winding river perhaps wide obstructed by rocks and rapids. It becomes navigable at Mulasa, and below this point meanders through a very wide and wooded valley. It enters the Kasai near the town of [Dibaya Lubue](/wiki/Dibaya_Lubue \"Dibaya Lubue\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Rivers of the Democratic Republic of the Congo](/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo \"Rivers of the Democratic Republic of the Congo\")\n[Category:Kwilu Province](/wiki/Category:Kwilu_Province \"Kwilu Province\")\n[Category:Kasai River](/wiki/Category:Kasai_River \"Kasai River\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Thomas Allan (publisher) | {
"id": [
16185737
],
"name": [
"Smasongarrison"
]
} | p18n9lrvptic3dqrm5u48nd5ar0km1g | 2024-08-29T02:52:47Z | 1,190,402,757 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Career",
"The publication ''Tyneside Songs''",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Thomas Allan** (25 November 1832 8 April 1894\\)Thomas Allan of 9 Osborne\\-villas, Newcastle\\-upon\\-Tyne, bookseller and publisher; *England \\& Wales, National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations), 1858\\-1966, 1973\\-1995* was an [English](/wiki/English_people \"English people\") collector of songs and a [music publisher](/wiki/Music_publisher_%28sheet_music%29 \"Music publisher (sheet music)\") from [Newcastle upon Tyne](/wiki/Newcastle_upon_Tyne \"Newcastle upon Tyne\") who played a major part in the recording of the music of the day.\n\n",
"Career\n------\n\nIn 1858, he joined his brother Ralph's stationery business. Soon afterwards, he opened his own shop selling papers and books.\n\n",
"The publication *Tyneside Songs*\n--------------------------------\n\nIn 1862, he published his first book, *Tyneside Songs*. The first edition was very small and covered mainly songs of [Edward \"Ned\" Corvan](/wiki/Edward_Corvan \"Edward Corvan\") and [George \"Geordie\" Ridley](/wiki/George_%22Geordie%22_Ridley \"George \").\n\nOver the years he developed the book, adding to it, until eventually it became an extremely large volume with almost 600 pages (590?). The title was changed to *Allan's Tyneside Songs*, and the contents increased to cover not just the songs but details and histories of them, their writers and singers. As it developed, the theme changed from one of solely popular songs to encompass many older traditional songs, aiming to spread the popularity of the book to a wider audience. It is now an invaluable source of historical reference providing wealth of information.\n\nThe second edition followed in the following year of 1863\\.\n\n1864 saw the third edition now entitled *A Choice Collection of Tyneside Songs by [E. Corvan](/wiki/Edward_Corvan \"Edward Corvan\"), [G. Ridley](/wiki/George_%22Geordie%22_Ridley \"George \"), [J.P. Robson](/wiki/Joseph_Philip_Robson \"Joseph Philip Robson\"), [R. Emery](/wiki/Robert_Emery_%28songwriter%29 \"Robert Emery (songwriter)\") ... etc.*\n\nIn 1872, a further edition was published.\n\nThe edition of 1873 was called *A Choice Collection of Tyneside Songs by [Wilson](/wiki/Joe_Wilson_%28Geordie_singer%29 \"Joe Wilson (Geordie singer)\"), [Corvan](/wiki/Edward_Corvan \"Edward Corvan\"), [Mitford](/wiki/William_Mitford%2C_singer-songwriter \"William Mitford, singer-songwriter\"), [Gilcrhrist](/wiki/Robert_Gilchrist_%28Poet%29 \"Robert Gilchrist (Poet)\"), [Robson](/wiki/Joseph_Philip_Robson \"Joseph Philip Robson\"), [Harrison](/wiki/Rowland_Harrison \"Rowland Harrison\"), [Emery](/wiki/Robert_Emery_%28songwriter%29 \"Robert Emery (songwriter)\"), [Ridley](/wiki/George_%22Geordie%22_Ridley \"George \"), [Oliver](/wiki/William_Oliver_%28songwriter%29 \"William Oliver (songwriter)\"), [Shield](/wiki/John_%E2%80%9CJack%E2%80%9D_Shield \"John “Jack” Shield\"), \\&c,. \\&c., \\&c., with lives of the authors illustrated with views of the town and portraits of the poets and eccentrics of Newcastle*. It was published by Allan, 62 Dean Street, Newcastle upon Tyne: \\& 16 [Collingwood Street](/wiki/Collingwood_Street \"Collingwood Street\"), [North Shields](/wiki/North_Shields \"North Shields\"). (\"Ralph Allan, Tyne Street, Newcastle upon Tyne\" was also mentioned on the cover, possibly as a seller)\n\nThe final edition was published in 1891 and was now called *[Allan's Illustrated Edition of Tyneside Songs and Readings](/wiki/Allan%27s_Illustrated_Edition_of_Tyneside_Songs_and_Readings \"Allan's Illustrated Edition of Tyneside Songs and Readings\") with lives, portraits and autographs of the writers and notes on the songs. Revised edition*. The publisher was Thomas and George Allan, 18 [Blackett Street](/wiki/John_Erasmus_Blackett \"John Erasmus Blackett\") and 34 Collingwood Street, Newcastle upon Tyne, and the cover stated that it was \"Sold by W Allan, 80 [Grainger Street](/wiki/Grainger_Town \"Grainger Town\") \\& B Allan, North Shields: \\& W Scott of London\".\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Geordie dialect words](/wiki/Geordie_dialect_words \"Geordie dialect words\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [A choice collection of Tyneside songs by Wilson, Corvan, Mitford, Gilcrhrist, Robson, Harrison, Emery, Ridley, Oliver, Shield, \\&c,. \\&c., \\&c.](http://www.asaplive.com/archive/detail.asp?id=T0100000)\n* [Allan's illustrative edition of Tyneside Songs and readings with lives, portraits and autographs of the writers and notes on the songs. Revised edition 1891](https://archive.org/stream/allansillustrat00firgoog/allansillustrat00firgoog_djvu.txt)\n\n[Category:1832 births](/wiki/Category:1832_births \"1832 births\")\n[Category:1894 deaths](/wiki/Category:1894_deaths \"1894 deaths\")\n[Category:19th\\-century antiquarians](/wiki/Category:19th-century_antiquarians \"19th-century antiquarians\")\n[Category:19th\\-century English businesspeople](/wiki/Category:19th-century_English_businesspeople \"19th-century English businesspeople\")\n[Category:19th\\-century British publishers (people)](/wiki/Category:19th-century_British_publishers_%28people%29 \"19th-century British publishers (people)\")\n[Category:English antiquarians](/wiki/Category:English_antiquarians \"English antiquarians\")\n[Category:English book publishers (people)](/wiki/Category:English_book_publishers_%28people%29 \"English book publishers (people)\")\n[Category:English booksellers](/wiki/Category:English_booksellers \"English booksellers\")\n[Category:English collectors](/wiki/Category:English_collectors \"English collectors\")\n[Category:English music publishers (people)](/wiki/Category:English_music_publishers_%28people%29 \"English music publishers (people)\")\n[Category:Geordie songwriters](/wiki/Category:Geordie_songwriters \"Geordie songwriters\")\n[Category:Musicians from Newcastle upon Tyne](/wiki/Category:Musicians_from_Newcastle_upon_Tyne \"Musicians from Newcastle upon Tyne\")\n[Category:Stationers (people)](/wiki/Category:Stationers_%28people%29 \"Stationers (people)\")\n\n"
]
} |
Azealia Banks | {
"id": [
20483999
],
"name": [
"Monkbot"
]
} | jgakilneeags790cxzb1ziusspm3s32 | 2024-10-20T21:23:36Z | 1,252,021,063 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Life and career",
"Early life and career beginnings",
"2011–2012: ''1991'' and ''Fantasea''",
"2013–2016: ''Broke with Expensive Taste'' and ''Slay-Z''",
"2017–present: ''Icy Colors Change'' and upcoming projects",
"Artistry",
"Personal life",
"Health",
"Sexuality and views on the LGBT community",
"Political views",
"Disputes and controversies",
"Discography",
"Filmography",
"Tours",
"Awards and nominations",
"References",
"Further reading",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
3,
3,
3,
3,
2,
2,
3,
3,
3,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Azealia Amanda Banks** ( ; born May 31, 1991\\) is an American [rapper](/wiki/Rapper \"Rapper\"), [singer](/wiki/Singer \"Singer\") and [songwriter](/wiki/Songwriter \"Songwriter\"). Raised in the [Harlem](/wiki/Harlem \"Harlem\") neighborhood of New York City, she began releasing music through [Myspace](/wiki/Myspace \"Myspace\") in 2008 before being signed to [XL Recordings](/wiki/XL_Recordings \"XL Recordings\") at age 18\\. She subsequently signed with [Interscope](/wiki/Interscope_Records \"Interscope Records\") and [Polydor Records](/wiki/Polydor_Records \"Polydor Records\") before separating in 2013\\. Banks became an independent artist and started her own independent record label, Chaos \\& Glory Recordings. She later signed to [Parlophone](/wiki/Parlophone \"Parlophone\") and [Warner Records](/wiki/Warner_Records \"Warner Records\") before quitting her label in 2023\\.\n\nBanks's song \"[212](/wiki/212_%28song%29 \"212 (song)\")\" has been listed as one of the best songs of 2011 and one of the defining songs of the decade by music publications, including *[Rolling Stone](/wiki/Rolling_Stone \"Rolling Stone\")* and *[Billboard](/wiki/Billboard_%28magazine%29 \"Billboard (magazine)\")*. She has since released three mixtapes (*[Fantasea](/wiki/Fantasea_%28mixtape%29 \"Fantasea (mixtape)\")* in 2012, *[Slay\\-Z](/wiki/Slay-Z \"Slay-Z\")* in 2016, and *Yung Rapunxel Pt.II* in 2019\\), a studio album (*[Broke with Expensive Taste](/wiki/Broke_with_Expensive_Taste \"Broke with Expensive Taste\")* in 2014\\), and two extended plays (*[1991](/wiki/1991_%28Azealia_Banks_EP%29 \"1991 (Azealia Banks EP)\")* in 2012 and *[Icy Colors Change](/wiki/Icy_Colors_Change \"Icy Colors Change\")* in 2018\\). In 2017, Banks had her film debut in the musical drama *[Love Beats Rhymes](/wiki/Love_Beats_Rhymes \"Love Beats Rhymes\")*, portraying the lead character. Banks's works have garnered acclaim from critics, drawing on various sounds including [house](/wiki/House_%28genre%29 \"House (genre)\"), [rap](/wiki/Rap \"Rap\"), [pop](/wiki/Pop_%28genre%29 \"Pop (genre)\"), [electronic music](/wiki/Electronic_music \"Electronic music\"), and [avant\\-garde](/wiki/Avant-garde \"Avant-garde\").\n\nThroughout her career, Banks's [social media](/wiki/Social_media \"Social media\") presence and outspoken views, especially on [U.S. politics](/wiki/Politics_of_the_United_States \"Politics of the United States\") and [race](/wiki/Race_%28human_categorization%29 \"Race (human categorization)\"), as well as disputes with other artists, have attracted significant controversy. *[Complex](/wiki/Complex_%28magazine%29 \"Complex (magazine)\")* noted in 2014 that \"she gets more attention for her public feuds than she does for her music\".\n\n",
"Life and career\n---------------\n\n### Early life and career beginnings\n\nAzealia Amanda Banks was born on May 31, 1991, in New York City's [Manhattan](/wiki/Manhattan \"Manhattan\") borough; she was the youngest of three. Her single mother raised her and her two siblings in [Harlem](/wiki/Harlem \"Harlem\"), after their father died of [pancreatic cancer](/wiki/Pancreatic_cancer \"Pancreatic cancer\") when she was two years old. Following her father's death, Banks says that her mother \"became really abusive—physically and verbally. Like she would hit me and my sisters with baseball bats, bang our heads up against walls, and she would always tell me I was ugly. I remember once she threw out all the food in the fridge, just so we wouldn't have anything to eat.\" Due to escalating violence, Banks moved out of her mother's home at age 14 to live with her older sister.\n\nAt a young age, Banks became interested in musical theater, dancing, acting, and singing. At 16, she starred in a production of the comedy\\-noir musical *[City of Angels](/wiki/City_of_Angels_%28musical%29 \"City of Angels (musical)\")*, where she was found by an agent who sent her to auditions for [TBS](/wiki/TBS_%28U.S._TV_channel%29 \"TBS (U.S. TV channel)\"), [Nickelodeon](/wiki/Nickelodeon \"Nickelodeon\"), and *[Law \\& Order](/wiki/Law_%26_Order \"Law & Order\")*, all without success. At this point Banks decided to end her pursuit of an acting career, citing the stiff competition and overall sense of nonfulfillment. Because of this lack of fulfillment, she began writing rap and [R\\&B](/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues \"Rhythm and blues\") songs as a creative outlet. She never finished high school, instead choosing to embark on a career as a recording artist.\n\nUnder the moniker Miss Bank$, she released her debut recording, \"Gimme a Chance\" online on November 9, 2008\\. The recording was accompanied by the self\\-produced track \"Seventeen\", which sampled the [Ladytron](/wiki/Ladytron \"Ladytron\") song of the [same name](/wiki/Seventeen_%28Ladytron_song%29 \"Seventeen (Ladytron song)\"). Banks sent both tracks to American DJ [Diplo](/wiki/Diplo_%28DJ%29 \"Diplo (DJ)\"). Later that year, she signed a [development deal](/wiki/Artist_development_deal \"Artist development deal\") with record label [XL Recordings](/wiki/XL_Recordings \"XL Recordings\") and began working with producer [Richard Russell](/wiki/Richard_Russell_%28XL_Recordings%29 \"Richard Russell (XL Recordings)\") in London, leaving the label later that year due to conflicting ideas.\n\n### 2011–2012: *1991* and *Fantasea*\n\n After leaving XL Recordings, Banks dropped the 'Miss Bank$' moniker and formally became Azealia Banks, which preceded a move to [Montreal](/wiki/Montreal \"Montreal\"). Using YouTube as a portal, she uploaded several demo tracks, including \"L8R\" and a cover of \"[Slow Hands](/wiki/Slow_Hands_%28Interpol_song%29 \"Slow Hands (Interpol song)\")\" by [Interpol](/wiki/Interpol_%28band%29 \"Interpol (band)\"). After her Canadian [visa](/wiki/Visa_%28document%29 \"Visa (document)\") expired, Banks returned to New York, where she sold keychains at a Manhattan jazz club and danced at a [Queens](/wiki/Queens \"Queens\") strip club to make ends meet. \"That's when I was really depressed\", Banks said. \"I don't have a manager, I don't have a boyfriend, I don't have any friends, I don't have any money. Here I am working at the strip club, trying not to say the wrong thing and get into fights with these girls who don't give a shit.\"\n\nIn September 2011, Banks released her debut single, \"[212](/wiki/212_%28song%29 \"212 (song)\")\", as a free digital download from her website. It was released officially on December 6, 2011, as the lead single from her EP *[1991](/wiki/1991_%28Azealia_Banks_EP%29 \"1991 (Azealia Banks EP)\")*. The track attained moderate European chart success, peaking at No. 14 in the Netherlands, No. 12 in the United Kingdom and No. 7 in Ireland.\n\n[thumb\\|right\\|Banks performing at the [Art Basel in Miami Beach](/wiki/Art_Basel%23Art_Basel_in_Miami_Beach \"Art Basel#Art Basel in Miami Beach\"), 2012Though](/wiki/File:Azealia_Banks_Art_Basel_2012.jpg \"Azealia Banks Art Basel 2012.jpg\") unsigned at the time, Banks began working with British producer [Paul Epworth](/wiki/Paul_Epworth \"Paul Epworth\") on a debut studio album. It was announced in December 2011 that she would feature on \"[Shady Love](/wiki/Shady_Love \"Shady Love\")\", a track on American band [Scissor Sisters](/wiki/Scissor_Sisters \"Scissor Sisters\")' fourth studio album, [*Magic Hour*](/wiki/Magic_Hour_%28Scissor_Sisters_album%29 \"Magic Hour (Scissor Sisters album)\"), although the appearance was uncredited. An accompanying video was released in January 2012 following its radio premiere from [Annie Mac](/wiki/Annie_Mac \"Annie Mac\") ([BBC Radio 1](/wiki/BBC_Radio_1 \"BBC Radio 1\")) on January 4, though the single's release was canceled for unconfirmed reasons. Banks released the track \"NEEDSUMLUV (SXLND)\" online on January 16, 2012, coinciding with what would have been the 33rd birthday of the late singer [Aaliyah](/wiki/Aaliyah \"Aaliyah\"), who is sampled on the track. A week later saw the emergence of a second track, \"Bambi\", produced by [Paul Epworth](/wiki/Paul_Epworth \"Paul Epworth\") and selected as the soundtrack for a [Thierry Mugler](/wiki/Thierry_Mugler \"Thierry Mugler\") fashion show in Paris.\n\nIn May 2012, Banks announced plans to release a [mixtape](/wiki/Mixtape \"Mixtape\")—originally titled *Fantastic*—titled *[Fantasea](/wiki/Fantasea_%28mixtape%29 \"Fantasea (mixtape)\")*. Preceding its release the tracks \"Jumanji\", \"Aquababe\", and \"Nathan\" (featuring rapper [Styles P](/wiki/Styles_P \"Styles P\")) were made available online. *Fantasea* was released via Banks's Twitter account on July 11, and described as \"thrilling document of a phenomenally gifted performer in a state of flux\".\n\nBanks's first EP, *[1991](/wiki/1991_%28Azealia_Banks_EP%29 \"1991 (Azealia Banks EP)\")*, was released in the UK on May 28 and in the US the next day. The 4\\-track EP, which includes [*212*](/wiki/212_%28song%29 \"212 (song)\"), was not eligible for the [*UK Albums*](/wiki/UK_Albums_Chart \"UK Albums Chart\") chart, but the title track charted at No. 79 on the [*UK Singles*](/wiki/UK_Singles_Chart \"UK Singles Chart\") chart. It also reached No. 133 on the [US 200](/wiki/Billboard_200 \"Billboard 200\"), while reaching No. 17 on the [*US R\\&B/Hip\\-Hop*](/wiki/Top_R%26B/Hip-Hop_Albums \"Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums\") chart, No. 12 on the [*US Rap*](/wiki/Rap_Albums \"Rap Albums\") chart, and headin' [*US Heat*](/wiki/Top_Heatseekers \"Top Heatseekers\") chart. In 2013, [*1991*](/wiki/1991_%28Azealia_Banks_EP%29 \"1991 (Azealia Banks EP)\") was certified gold by the *[Australian Recording Industry Association](/wiki/Australian_Recording_Industry_Association \"Australian Recording Industry Association\")*.\n\nBanks was scheduled to release her second single, \"Esta Noche\", from *Fantasea*, on September 25, 2012, but it was pulled the day of its release due to sampling disputes between Banks and its producer, [Munchi](/wiki/Munchi_%28DJ%29 \"Munchi (DJ)\"). Banks collaborated with both Lady Gaga and Kanye West, but these songs remain unreleased. On December 31, 2012, Banks released \"BBD\", a collaboration with Sup Doodle and [Apple Juice Kid](/wiki/Apple_Juice_Kid \"Apple Juice Kid\").\n\n### 2013–2016: *Broke with Expensive Taste* and *Slay\\-Z*\n\n[thumb\\|left\\|Banks performing at [Life Ball](/wiki/Life_Ball \"Life Ball\") 2013](/wiki/File:Life_Ball_2013_-_opening_show_034_Azealia_Banks.jpg \"Life Ball 2013 - opening show 034 Azealia Banks.jpg\")\nEarly in 2012, Banks revealed that her debut album would be called *[Broke with Expensive Taste](/wiki/Broke_with_Expensive_Taste \"Broke with Expensive Taste\")*, and said it would include contributions from musicians including [Toko Yasuda](/wiki/Toko_Yasuda \"Toko Yasuda\"), [Theophilus London](/wiki/Theophilus_London \"Theophilus London\"), Kevin Hussein, and [Ariel Pink](/wiki/Ariel_Pink \"Ariel Pink\"). She initially said the album's lead single would be a track titled \"Miss Amor\" and that it would be accompanied by a [B\\-side](/wiki/B-side \"B-side\"), \"Miss Camaraderie\", both produced by [Lone](/wiki/Lone_%28musician%29 \"Lone (musician)\"), but these plans changed: in January 2013 she announced that the first official single from the album would be \"[Yung Rapunxel](/wiki/Yung_Rapunxel \"Yung Rapunxel\")\", which was released in March 2013 on [SoundCloud](/wiki/SoundCloud \"SoundCloud\").\n\nIn May 2013, Banks announced that the second single from *Broke with Expensive Taste* would be \"[ATM Jam](/wiki/ATM_Jam \"ATM Jam\")\", featuring [Pharrell](/wiki/Pharrell_Williams \"Pharrell Williams\"). On June 29, she debuted the song at the [2013 Glastonbury Festival](/wiki/Glastonbury_Festival_2013 \"Glastonbury Festival 2013\"), with New York City radio station [Hot 97](/wiki/WQHT \"WQHT\") premiering a clean, shortened version of the studio recording three days later. On July 11, the full studio version of \"ATM Jam\" was released on [BBC Radio 1](/wiki/BBC_Radio_1 \"BBC Radio 1\"). Banks confirmed in November 2013 that \"ATM Jam\" would not appear on *Broke with Expensive Taste* due to negative fan feedback and personal disinterest regarding the song.\n[thumb\\|233x233px\\|Banks performing at the [2013 Glastonbury Festival](/wiki/Glastonbury_Festival_2013 \"Glastonbury Festival 2013\")](/wiki/File:Azealia_Banks_at_2013_Glastonbury_Festival_%28cropped%29.jpg \"Azealia Banks at 2013 Glastonbury Festival (cropped).jpg\")\nBanks announced in mid\\-July that after a long battle, she had parted ways with Universal Music Group. She reportedly has possession and the rights to the work she released with Interscope. On July 28, 2014, Banks released the official second single from *Broke with Expensive Taste*, titled \"[Heavy Metal and Reflective](/wiki/Heavy_Metal_and_Reflective \"Heavy Metal and Reflective\")\", on her own label, *Azealia Banks Records*.\n\nBanks surprise\\-released *Broke with Expensive Taste* under [Prospect Park](/wiki/Prospect_Park_%28production_company%29 \"Prospect Park (production company)\") on iTunes on November 7, 2014\\. The physical album was released on March 3, 2015\\. In 2015, Banks performed at the [Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival](/wiki/Coachella_Valley_Music_and_Arts_Festival \"Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival\") and posed nude for the April issue of *[Playboy](/wiki/Playboy \"Playboy\")*, shot by [Ellen von Unwerth](/wiki/Ellen_von_Unwerth \"Ellen von Unwerth\"). In late 2015, Banks revealed that she was unable to release new music until March 2016, due to the separation from her label, Prospect Park, but as of February 2016 she was officially cleared of her contract and able to release new music.\n\nIn February 2016, Banks released the single, \"[The Big Big Beat](/wiki/The_Big_Big_Beat \"The Big Big Beat\")\", with its official video uploaded to Vevo in April. The song would serve as the lead single to Banks's second mixtape, *[Slay\\-Z](/wiki/Slay-Z \"Slay-Z\")*, which was released on March 24, 2016\\. In July 2017, *Slay\\-Z* was reissued to iTunes, Spotify, and other online music stores under her independent record label, Chaos \\& Glory Recordings. The re\\-issue would include the [Lunice](/wiki/Lunice \"Lunice\") collaboration, \"[Crown](/wiki/Crown_%28Azealia_Banks_song%29 \"Crown (Azealia Banks song)\")\", which was released as the project's sole bonus track.\n\n### 2017–present: *Icy Colors Change* and upcoming projects\n\n[thumb\\|Banks performing at the O2 Brixton Academy in September 2024](/wiki/File:Azealia_Banks_at_the_O2_Brixton_Academy_-_08.jpg \"Azealia Banks at the O2 Brixton Academy - 08.jpg\") \nIn early 2017, Banks launched her online store, CheapyXO. The site features artist merchandise from Banks as well as original skin care products. The site also includes \"CheapyXO Radio\" which links to a playlist curated by Banks herself. Banks would later relaunch the site in 2020 to include her podcast, *Cheapy's Two Cents*, as well as, \"Botantica XO\", which is composed of spiritual items.\n\nBanks announced that her next project will be *Fantasea II: The Second Wave*, a follow\\-up to 2012 mixtape *Fantasea*. On June 5, 2017, Banks released the song \"[Chi Chi](/wiki/Chi_Chi_%28Azealia_Banks_song%29 \"Chi Chi (Azealia Banks song)\")\" intended to be the lead single from *Business \\& Pleasure,* however, it was later demoted to a stand\\-alone single. On June 26, 2017, Banks released the promotional single, \"[Escapades](/wiki/Escapades_%28Azealia_Banks_song%29 \"Escapades (Azealia Banks song)\")\", from the upcoming album *Fantasea II: The Second Wave*. After a yearlong hiatus from touring, Banks returned to New York City to embark on a [North American tour](/wiki/Azealia_Banks:North_American_Tour_2017 \"North American Tour 2017\") with 20 dates across the U.S. and Canada. The tour began on October 4 in Chicago and concluded on October 31 in San Francisco. Banks also performed across Europe in a handful of shows during 2017\\.\n\nIt was announced in 2015 that Banks would make her acting debut as the main character in the [RZA](/wiki/RZA \"RZA\")\\-directed musical drama film *Coco* (now known as *[Love Beats Rhymes](/wiki/Love_Beats_Rhymes \"Love Beats Rhymes\")*). The film was officially released on December 1, 2017\\.\n\nOn January 31, 2018, Banks announced that she had signed a US$1 million record deal with [Entertainment One](/wiki/Entertainment_One \"Entertainment One\"). On March 9, 2018, she released \"Movin' On Up\" to iTunes and other streaming platforms as the second promotional single from *Fantasea II: The Second Wave*. The song was previously featured in the 2017 film *[Love Beats Rhymes](/wiki/Love_Beats_Rhymes \"Love Beats Rhymes\")* which Banks starred in. In March 2018, she announced that the first official single from her forthcoming album would be \"[Anna Wintour](/wiki/Anna_Wintour_%28Azealia_Banks_song%29 \"Anna Wintour (Azealia Banks song)\")\". It was released on April 6, 2018, and the official music video for the single was released on May 24, 2018\\. On July 6, a second single, \"Treasure Island\", was released. In November, Banks announced on her [Instagram](/wiki/Instagram \"Instagram\") account that she would release the Christmas\\-themed EP *[Icy Colors Change](/wiki/Icy_Colors_Change \"Icy Colors Change\")* on December 7\\. A demo of the title track was released in December 2017\\. The project was released on December 19 after several delays, with a promotional single, \"[What Are You Doing New Year's Eve](/wiki/What_Are_You_Doing_New_Year%27s_Eve \"What Are You Doing New Year's Eve\")?\", released on December 13\\. Another promotional single from *Fantasea II: The Second Wave*, \"Playhouse\", was released exclusively on [SoundCloud](/wiki/SoundCloud \"SoundCloud\") on April 12, 2019\\. Banks first teased the track back in 2016 by playing the entire song on the live streaming app, [Periscope](/wiki/Periscope_%28app%29 \"Periscope (app)\").\n\nBanks separated from [eOne Music](/wiki/Entertainment_One_Music \"Entertainment One Music\") in 2019\\. Consequently, she announced in May of that year that she had been working on a project called *Yung Rapunxel: Pt. II*. The title references Banks's debut single off *[Broke with Expensive Taste](/wiki/Broke_with_Expensive_Taste \"Broke with Expensive Taste\"),* \"[Yung Rapunxel](/wiki/Yung_Rapunxel \"Yung Rapunxel\")\". It was released through SoundCloud on September 11, 2019, before later being taken down.\n\nOn December 16, 2019, Banks released the promotional singles \"Count Contessa\" and \"Pyrex Princess\" on various streaming platforms. \"Pyrex Princess\" is a song from *Business \\& Pleasure*, previously released on August 22, 2018, before being taken down. \"Count Contessa\" was previously published on SoundCloud in 2013\\. A music video for \"Count Contessa\", directed by Rony Alwin and shot in Bali, Indonesia, was previously released on December 8, 2015\\.\n\nThroughout the first quarter of 2020, Banks debuted her podcast *Cheapy's Two Cents* and released multiple promotional singles, including \"Slow Hands\", an [Interpol](/wiki/Interpol_%28band%29 \"Interpol (band)\") cover previously uploaded in 2012, as well as \"Salchichón\" being produced by frequent collaborator Onyx. Additionally, Banks released multiple tracks exclusively on her SoundCloud, such as \"Diamond Nova\", which previously served as the B\\-side to her 2013 single \"[ATM Jam](/wiki/ATM_Jam \"ATM Jam\")\", featuring and produced by [Pharrell](/wiki/Pharrell \"Pharrell\"), as well as the Spanglish single, \"Nirvana\".\n\nOn June 9, 2020, Banks released the lead single from her as\\-yet\\-unreleased album *Business \\& Pleasure* titled \"[Black Madonna](/wiki/Black_Madonna_%28Azealia_Banks_song%29 \"Black Madonna (Azealia Banks song)\")\" featuring producer [Lex Luger](/wiki/Lex_Luger_%28musician%29 \"Lex Luger (musician)\"). On December 23, 2020, she released the promotional single \"Mamma Mia\" on all platforms, where it was previously released on her SoundCloud account since April 2020\\. Banks released the single \"Six Flags\" featuring Slim Dollars on January 7, 2021\\.\n\nOn July 7, 2021, Banks released the single \"Fuck Him All Night\". A perfume of the same name was launched months later. She also announced that she was under new management.\n\nBanks began teasing a track titled \"New Bottega\" in August 2022\\. On November 9, she announced that she had officially signed to [Parlophone](/wiki/Parlophone \"Parlophone\") Records, under [Warner Music Group](/wiki/Warner_Music_Group \"Warner Music Group\"). In January 2023, she posted an Instagram Story stating that she had left Parlophone and announced that she would instead release \"New Bottega\" independently. After several delays, \"New Bottega\" was released by the Australian dance music label [Sweat It Out](/wiki/Sweat_It_Out_%28record_label%29 \"Sweat It Out (record label)\") on March 10, 2023, as a collaboration between Australian house producer [Torren Foot](/wiki/Torren_Foot \"Torren Foot\") and Banks. However, the following May, Banks said she had not authorized the release and criticized Torren Foot's rework of the song, which she called \"a piss poor remix of \\[her] master track\". She also criticized Sweat It Out for marketing \"New Bottega\" as a dance recording instead of a hip hop song.\n\n",
"### Early life and career beginnings\n\nAzealia Amanda Banks was born on May 31, 1991, in New York City's [Manhattan](/wiki/Manhattan \"Manhattan\") borough; she was the youngest of three. Her single mother raised her and her two siblings in [Harlem](/wiki/Harlem \"Harlem\"), after their father died of [pancreatic cancer](/wiki/Pancreatic_cancer \"Pancreatic cancer\") when she was two years old. Following her father's death, Banks says that her mother \"became really abusive—physically and verbally. Like she would hit me and my sisters with baseball bats, bang our heads up against walls, and she would always tell me I was ugly. I remember once she threw out all the food in the fridge, just so we wouldn't have anything to eat.\" Due to escalating violence, Banks moved out of her mother's home at age 14 to live with her older sister.\n\nAt a young age, Banks became interested in musical theater, dancing, acting, and singing. At 16, she starred in a production of the comedy\\-noir musical *[City of Angels](/wiki/City_of_Angels_%28musical%29 \"City of Angels (musical)\")*, where she was found by an agent who sent her to auditions for [TBS](/wiki/TBS_%28U.S._TV_channel%29 \"TBS (U.S. TV channel)\"), [Nickelodeon](/wiki/Nickelodeon \"Nickelodeon\"), and *[Law \\& Order](/wiki/Law_%26_Order \"Law & Order\")*, all without success. At this point Banks decided to end her pursuit of an acting career, citing the stiff competition and overall sense of nonfulfillment. Because of this lack of fulfillment, she began writing rap and [R\\&B](/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues \"Rhythm and blues\") songs as a creative outlet. She never finished high school, instead choosing to embark on a career as a recording artist.\n\nUnder the moniker Miss Bank$, she released her debut recording, \"Gimme a Chance\" online on November 9, 2008\\. The recording was accompanied by the self\\-produced track \"Seventeen\", which sampled the [Ladytron](/wiki/Ladytron \"Ladytron\") song of the [same name](/wiki/Seventeen_%28Ladytron_song%29 \"Seventeen (Ladytron song)\"). Banks sent both tracks to American DJ [Diplo](/wiki/Diplo_%28DJ%29 \"Diplo (DJ)\"). Later that year, she signed a [development deal](/wiki/Artist_development_deal \"Artist development deal\") with record label [XL Recordings](/wiki/XL_Recordings \"XL Recordings\") and began working with producer [Richard Russell](/wiki/Richard_Russell_%28XL_Recordings%29 \"Richard Russell (XL Recordings)\") in London, leaving the label later that year due to conflicting ideas.\n\n",
"### 2011–2012: *1991* and *Fantasea*\n\n After leaving XL Recordings, Banks dropped the 'Miss Bank$' moniker and formally became Azealia Banks, which preceded a move to [Montreal](/wiki/Montreal \"Montreal\"). Using YouTube as a portal, she uploaded several demo tracks, including \"L8R\" and a cover of \"[Slow Hands](/wiki/Slow_Hands_%28Interpol_song%29 \"Slow Hands (Interpol song)\")\" by [Interpol](/wiki/Interpol_%28band%29 \"Interpol (band)\"). After her Canadian [visa](/wiki/Visa_%28document%29 \"Visa (document)\") expired, Banks returned to New York, where she sold keychains at a Manhattan jazz club and danced at a [Queens](/wiki/Queens \"Queens\") strip club to make ends meet. \"That's when I was really depressed\", Banks said. \"I don't have a manager, I don't have a boyfriend, I don't have any friends, I don't have any money. Here I am working at the strip club, trying not to say the wrong thing and get into fights with these girls who don't give a shit.\"\n\nIn September 2011, Banks released her debut single, \"[212](/wiki/212_%28song%29 \"212 (song)\")\", as a free digital download from her website. It was released officially on December 6, 2011, as the lead single from her EP *[1991](/wiki/1991_%28Azealia_Banks_EP%29 \"1991 (Azealia Banks EP)\")*. The track attained moderate European chart success, peaking at No. 14 in the Netherlands, No. 12 in the United Kingdom and No. 7 in Ireland.\n\n[thumb\\|right\\|Banks performing at the [Art Basel in Miami Beach](/wiki/Art_Basel%23Art_Basel_in_Miami_Beach \"Art Basel#Art Basel in Miami Beach\"), 2012Though](/wiki/File:Azealia_Banks_Art_Basel_2012.jpg \"Azealia Banks Art Basel 2012.jpg\") unsigned at the time, Banks began working with British producer [Paul Epworth](/wiki/Paul_Epworth \"Paul Epworth\") on a debut studio album. It was announced in December 2011 that she would feature on \"[Shady Love](/wiki/Shady_Love \"Shady Love\")\", a track on American band [Scissor Sisters](/wiki/Scissor_Sisters \"Scissor Sisters\")' fourth studio album, [*Magic Hour*](/wiki/Magic_Hour_%28Scissor_Sisters_album%29 \"Magic Hour (Scissor Sisters album)\"), although the appearance was uncredited. An accompanying video was released in January 2012 following its radio premiere from [Annie Mac](/wiki/Annie_Mac \"Annie Mac\") ([BBC Radio 1](/wiki/BBC_Radio_1 \"BBC Radio 1\")) on January 4, though the single's release was canceled for unconfirmed reasons. Banks released the track \"NEEDSUMLUV (SXLND)\" online on January 16, 2012, coinciding with what would have been the 33rd birthday of the late singer [Aaliyah](/wiki/Aaliyah \"Aaliyah\"), who is sampled on the track. A week later saw the emergence of a second track, \"Bambi\", produced by [Paul Epworth](/wiki/Paul_Epworth \"Paul Epworth\") and selected as the soundtrack for a [Thierry Mugler](/wiki/Thierry_Mugler \"Thierry Mugler\") fashion show in Paris.\n\nIn May 2012, Banks announced plans to release a [mixtape](/wiki/Mixtape \"Mixtape\")—originally titled *Fantastic*—titled *[Fantasea](/wiki/Fantasea_%28mixtape%29 \"Fantasea (mixtape)\")*. Preceding its release the tracks \"Jumanji\", \"Aquababe\", and \"Nathan\" (featuring rapper [Styles P](/wiki/Styles_P \"Styles P\")) were made available online. *Fantasea* was released via Banks's Twitter account on July 11, and described as \"thrilling document of a phenomenally gifted performer in a state of flux\".\n\nBanks's first EP, *[1991](/wiki/1991_%28Azealia_Banks_EP%29 \"1991 (Azealia Banks EP)\")*, was released in the UK on May 28 and in the US the next day. The 4\\-track EP, which includes [*212*](/wiki/212_%28song%29 \"212 (song)\"), was not eligible for the [*UK Albums*](/wiki/UK_Albums_Chart \"UK Albums Chart\") chart, but the title track charted at No. 79 on the [*UK Singles*](/wiki/UK_Singles_Chart \"UK Singles Chart\") chart. It also reached No. 133 on the [US 200](/wiki/Billboard_200 \"Billboard 200\"), while reaching No. 17 on the [*US R\\&B/Hip\\-Hop*](/wiki/Top_R%26B/Hip-Hop_Albums \"Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums\") chart, No. 12 on the [*US Rap*](/wiki/Rap_Albums \"Rap Albums\") chart, and headin' [*US Heat*](/wiki/Top_Heatseekers \"Top Heatseekers\") chart. In 2013, [*1991*](/wiki/1991_%28Azealia_Banks_EP%29 \"1991 (Azealia Banks EP)\") was certified gold by the *[Australian Recording Industry Association](/wiki/Australian_Recording_Industry_Association \"Australian Recording Industry Association\")*.\n\nBanks was scheduled to release her second single, \"Esta Noche\", from *Fantasea*, on September 25, 2012, but it was pulled the day of its release due to sampling disputes between Banks and its producer, [Munchi](/wiki/Munchi_%28DJ%29 \"Munchi (DJ)\"). Banks collaborated with both Lady Gaga and Kanye West, but these songs remain unreleased. On December 31, 2012, Banks released \"BBD\", a collaboration with Sup Doodle and [Apple Juice Kid](/wiki/Apple_Juice_Kid \"Apple Juice Kid\").\n\n",
"### 2013–2016: *Broke with Expensive Taste* and *Slay\\-Z*\n\n[thumb\\|left\\|Banks performing at [Life Ball](/wiki/Life_Ball \"Life Ball\") 2013](/wiki/File:Life_Ball_2013_-_opening_show_034_Azealia_Banks.jpg \"Life Ball 2013 - opening show 034 Azealia Banks.jpg\")\nEarly in 2012, Banks revealed that her debut album would be called *[Broke with Expensive Taste](/wiki/Broke_with_Expensive_Taste \"Broke with Expensive Taste\")*, and said it would include contributions from musicians including [Toko Yasuda](/wiki/Toko_Yasuda \"Toko Yasuda\"), [Theophilus London](/wiki/Theophilus_London \"Theophilus London\"), Kevin Hussein, and [Ariel Pink](/wiki/Ariel_Pink \"Ariel Pink\"). She initially said the album's lead single would be a track titled \"Miss Amor\" and that it would be accompanied by a [B\\-side](/wiki/B-side \"B-side\"), \"Miss Camaraderie\", both produced by [Lone](/wiki/Lone_%28musician%29 \"Lone (musician)\"), but these plans changed: in January 2013 she announced that the first official single from the album would be \"[Yung Rapunxel](/wiki/Yung_Rapunxel \"Yung Rapunxel\")\", which was released in March 2013 on [SoundCloud](/wiki/SoundCloud \"SoundCloud\").\n\nIn May 2013, Banks announced that the second single from *Broke with Expensive Taste* would be \"[ATM Jam](/wiki/ATM_Jam \"ATM Jam\")\", featuring [Pharrell](/wiki/Pharrell_Williams \"Pharrell Williams\"). On June 29, she debuted the song at the [2013 Glastonbury Festival](/wiki/Glastonbury_Festival_2013 \"Glastonbury Festival 2013\"), with New York City radio station [Hot 97](/wiki/WQHT \"WQHT\") premiering a clean, shortened version of the studio recording three days later. On July 11, the full studio version of \"ATM Jam\" was released on [BBC Radio 1](/wiki/BBC_Radio_1 \"BBC Radio 1\"). Banks confirmed in November 2013 that \"ATM Jam\" would not appear on *Broke with Expensive Taste* due to negative fan feedback and personal disinterest regarding the song.\n[thumb\\|233x233px\\|Banks performing at the [2013 Glastonbury Festival](/wiki/Glastonbury_Festival_2013 \"Glastonbury Festival 2013\")](/wiki/File:Azealia_Banks_at_2013_Glastonbury_Festival_%28cropped%29.jpg \"Azealia Banks at 2013 Glastonbury Festival (cropped).jpg\")\nBanks announced in mid\\-July that after a long battle, she had parted ways with Universal Music Group. She reportedly has possession and the rights to the work she released with Interscope. On July 28, 2014, Banks released the official second single from *Broke with Expensive Taste*, titled \"[Heavy Metal and Reflective](/wiki/Heavy_Metal_and_Reflective \"Heavy Metal and Reflective\")\", on her own label, *Azealia Banks Records*.\n\nBanks surprise\\-released *Broke with Expensive Taste* under [Prospect Park](/wiki/Prospect_Park_%28production_company%29 \"Prospect Park (production company)\") on iTunes on November 7, 2014\\. The physical album was released on March 3, 2015\\. In 2015, Banks performed at the [Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival](/wiki/Coachella_Valley_Music_and_Arts_Festival \"Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival\") and posed nude for the April issue of *[Playboy](/wiki/Playboy \"Playboy\")*, shot by [Ellen von Unwerth](/wiki/Ellen_von_Unwerth \"Ellen von Unwerth\"). In late 2015, Banks revealed that she was unable to release new music until March 2016, due to the separation from her label, Prospect Park, but as of February 2016 she was officially cleared of her contract and able to release new music.\n\nIn February 2016, Banks released the single, \"[The Big Big Beat](/wiki/The_Big_Big_Beat \"The Big Big Beat\")\", with its official video uploaded to Vevo in April. The song would serve as the lead single to Banks's second mixtape, *[Slay\\-Z](/wiki/Slay-Z \"Slay-Z\")*, which was released on March 24, 2016\\. In July 2017, *Slay\\-Z* was reissued to iTunes, Spotify, and other online music stores under her independent record label, Chaos \\& Glory Recordings. The re\\-issue would include the [Lunice](/wiki/Lunice \"Lunice\") collaboration, \"[Crown](/wiki/Crown_%28Azealia_Banks_song%29 \"Crown (Azealia Banks song)\")\", which was released as the project's sole bonus track.\n\n",
"### 2017–present: *Icy Colors Change* and upcoming projects\n\n[thumb\\|Banks performing at the O2 Brixton Academy in September 2024](/wiki/File:Azealia_Banks_at_the_O2_Brixton_Academy_-_08.jpg \"Azealia Banks at the O2 Brixton Academy - 08.jpg\") \nIn early 2017, Banks launched her online store, CheapyXO. The site features artist merchandise from Banks as well as original skin care products. The site also includes \"CheapyXO Radio\" which links to a playlist curated by Banks herself. Banks would later relaunch the site in 2020 to include her podcast, *Cheapy's Two Cents*, as well as, \"Botantica XO\", which is composed of spiritual items.\n\nBanks announced that her next project will be *Fantasea II: The Second Wave*, a follow\\-up to 2012 mixtape *Fantasea*. On June 5, 2017, Banks released the song \"[Chi Chi](/wiki/Chi_Chi_%28Azealia_Banks_song%29 \"Chi Chi (Azealia Banks song)\")\" intended to be the lead single from *Business \\& Pleasure,* however, it was later demoted to a stand\\-alone single. On June 26, 2017, Banks released the promotional single, \"[Escapades](/wiki/Escapades_%28Azealia_Banks_song%29 \"Escapades (Azealia Banks song)\")\", from the upcoming album *Fantasea II: The Second Wave*. After a yearlong hiatus from touring, Banks returned to New York City to embark on a [North American tour](/wiki/Azealia_Banks:North_American_Tour_2017 \"North American Tour 2017\") with 20 dates across the U.S. and Canada. The tour began on October 4 in Chicago and concluded on October 31 in San Francisco. Banks also performed across Europe in a handful of shows during 2017\\.\n\nIt was announced in 2015 that Banks would make her acting debut as the main character in the [RZA](/wiki/RZA \"RZA\")\\-directed musical drama film *Coco* (now known as *[Love Beats Rhymes](/wiki/Love_Beats_Rhymes \"Love Beats Rhymes\")*). The film was officially released on December 1, 2017\\.\n\nOn January 31, 2018, Banks announced that she had signed a US$1 million record deal with [Entertainment One](/wiki/Entertainment_One \"Entertainment One\"). On March 9, 2018, she released \"Movin' On Up\" to iTunes and other streaming platforms as the second promotional single from *Fantasea II: The Second Wave*. The song was previously featured in the 2017 film *[Love Beats Rhymes](/wiki/Love_Beats_Rhymes \"Love Beats Rhymes\")* which Banks starred in. In March 2018, she announced that the first official single from her forthcoming album would be \"[Anna Wintour](/wiki/Anna_Wintour_%28Azealia_Banks_song%29 \"Anna Wintour (Azealia Banks song)\")\". It was released on April 6, 2018, and the official music video for the single was released on May 24, 2018\\. On July 6, a second single, \"Treasure Island\", was released. In November, Banks announced on her [Instagram](/wiki/Instagram \"Instagram\") account that she would release the Christmas\\-themed EP *[Icy Colors Change](/wiki/Icy_Colors_Change \"Icy Colors Change\")* on December 7\\. A demo of the title track was released in December 2017\\. The project was released on December 19 after several delays, with a promotional single, \"[What Are You Doing New Year's Eve](/wiki/What_Are_You_Doing_New_Year%27s_Eve \"What Are You Doing New Year's Eve\")?\", released on December 13\\. Another promotional single from *Fantasea II: The Second Wave*, \"Playhouse\", was released exclusively on [SoundCloud](/wiki/SoundCloud \"SoundCloud\") on April 12, 2019\\. Banks first teased the track back in 2016 by playing the entire song on the live streaming app, [Periscope](/wiki/Periscope_%28app%29 \"Periscope (app)\").\n\nBanks separated from [eOne Music](/wiki/Entertainment_One_Music \"Entertainment One Music\") in 2019\\. Consequently, she announced in May of that year that she had been working on a project called *Yung Rapunxel: Pt. II*. The title references Banks's debut single off *[Broke with Expensive Taste](/wiki/Broke_with_Expensive_Taste \"Broke with Expensive Taste\"),* \"[Yung Rapunxel](/wiki/Yung_Rapunxel \"Yung Rapunxel\")\". It was released through SoundCloud on September 11, 2019, before later being taken down.\n\nOn December 16, 2019, Banks released the promotional singles \"Count Contessa\" and \"Pyrex Princess\" on various streaming platforms. \"Pyrex Princess\" is a song from *Business \\& Pleasure*, previously released on August 22, 2018, before being taken down. \"Count Contessa\" was previously published on SoundCloud in 2013\\. A music video for \"Count Contessa\", directed by Rony Alwin and shot in Bali, Indonesia, was previously released on December 8, 2015\\.\n\nThroughout the first quarter of 2020, Banks debuted her podcast *Cheapy's Two Cents* and released multiple promotional singles, including \"Slow Hands\", an [Interpol](/wiki/Interpol_%28band%29 \"Interpol (band)\") cover previously uploaded in 2012, as well as \"Salchichón\" being produced by frequent collaborator Onyx. Additionally, Banks released multiple tracks exclusively on her SoundCloud, such as \"Diamond Nova\", which previously served as the B\\-side to her 2013 single \"[ATM Jam](/wiki/ATM_Jam \"ATM Jam\")\", featuring and produced by [Pharrell](/wiki/Pharrell \"Pharrell\"), as well as the Spanglish single, \"Nirvana\".\n\nOn June 9, 2020, Banks released the lead single from her as\\-yet\\-unreleased album *Business \\& Pleasure* titled \"[Black Madonna](/wiki/Black_Madonna_%28Azealia_Banks_song%29 \"Black Madonna (Azealia Banks song)\")\" featuring producer [Lex Luger](/wiki/Lex_Luger_%28musician%29 \"Lex Luger (musician)\"). On December 23, 2020, she released the promotional single \"Mamma Mia\" on all platforms, where it was previously released on her SoundCloud account since April 2020\\. Banks released the single \"Six Flags\" featuring Slim Dollars on January 7, 2021\\.\n\nOn July 7, 2021, Banks released the single \"Fuck Him All Night\". A perfume of the same name was launched months later. She also announced that she was under new management.\n\nBanks began teasing a track titled \"New Bottega\" in August 2022\\. On November 9, she announced that she had officially signed to [Parlophone](/wiki/Parlophone \"Parlophone\") Records, under [Warner Music Group](/wiki/Warner_Music_Group \"Warner Music Group\"). In January 2023, she posted an Instagram Story stating that she had left Parlophone and announced that she would instead release \"New Bottega\" independently. After several delays, \"New Bottega\" was released by the Australian dance music label [Sweat It Out](/wiki/Sweat_It_Out_%28record_label%29 \"Sweat It Out (record label)\") on March 10, 2023, as a collaboration between Australian house producer [Torren Foot](/wiki/Torren_Foot \"Torren Foot\") and Banks. However, the following May, Banks said she had not authorized the release and criticized Torren Foot's rework of the song, which she called \"a piss poor remix of \\[her] master track\". She also criticized Sweat It Out for marketing \"New Bottega\" as a dance recording instead of a hip hop song.\n\n",
"Artistry\n--------\n\nBanks has said she admires American recording artists [Beyoncé](/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9 \"Beyoncé\") and [Aaliyah](/wiki/Aaliyah \"Aaliyah\"), calling the former \"the queen of everything. She's the most remarkable performer and musician. And this is just my humble opinion, but I just think she's better than everyone else making music right now.\" Banks is inspired by, and has drawn directly upon, black gay culture, such as the film *[Paris Is Burning](/wiki/Paris_Is_Burning_%28film%29 \"Paris Is Burning (film)\")*, in her music.\n\n[AllMusic](/wiki/AllMusic \"AllMusic\") characterizes Banks as \"a stylish vocalist who combines [hardcore hip\\-hop](/wiki/Hardcore_hip-hop \"Hardcore hip-hop\"), [indie pop](/wiki/Indie_pop \"Indie pop\"), and [dance music](/wiki/Dance_music \"Dance music\")\". Meanwhile, *[The Guardian](/wiki/The_Guardian \"The Guardian\")*s John Robinson considered Banks's style \"an appealing blend of [Missy Elliott](/wiki/Missy_Elliott \"Missy Elliott\") and [dance\\-pop](/wiki/Dance-pop \"Dance-pop\")\". In regards to her musical style, Banks has frequently been noted for the use of profanity in many of her songs, particularly her [reclamation](/wiki/Reappropriation \"Reappropriation\") of the word \"cunt\", examples including her debut single \"[212](/wiki/212_%28song%29 \"212 (song)\")\", in which she uses the word more than ten times, or other songs such as [\"Fierce\"](/wiki/Fantasea_%28mixtape%29 \"Fantasea (mixtape)\"), in which she refers to herself as the \"cunt queen\". Banks attributes this to her upbringing in Harlem, saying, \"...I'm from Harlem. I went to art school; I grew up with the cunts. And that term doesn't come from me! People think I invented it, but I didn't. To be cunty is to be feminine and to be, like, aware of yourself. Nobody's fucking with that inner strength and delicateness. The cunts, the gay men, adore that. My friends would say, 'Oh you need to cunt it up! You're being too [banjee](/wiki/Banjee \"Banjee\").' Banjee means unrefined and rough. You need your cunts: they fix your hair for you and do your makeup. They give you confidence and give you life.\" She is also known for her often fast\\-paced rapping, or \"[flow](/wiki/Flow_%28rapping%29 \"Flow (rapping)\")\". In a review of Banks's debut [EP](/wiki/Extended_play \"Extended play\") [*1991*](/wiki/1991_%28Azealia_Banks_EP%29 \"1991 (Azealia Banks EP)\"), Chris Dart of *[Exclaim!](/wiki/Exclaim%21 \"Exclaim!\")* found Banks's rapping speed \"remarkable\", commenting that she \"manages a feat that takes most rappers the better part of a career to master: the perfect marriage of bangin', club\\-friendly beats and smart, crisply delivered lyrics\".\n\nSince writing \"212\", Banks has adopted an alter ego, \"Yung Rapunxel\". This alter ego was adapted from Banks calling herself [Rapunzel](/wiki/Rapunzel \"Rapunzel\") due to a long [weave](/wiki/Artificial_hair_integrations \"Artificial hair integrations\") she wore while working at [Starbucks](/wiki/Starbucks \"Starbucks\") as a teenager. Banks discussed this with *[Rolling Stone](/wiki/Rolling_Stone \"Rolling Stone\")* saying, \"Yung Rapunxel is that girl who pisses people off but doesn't really mean to. She's actually a sweetheart! But people are so taken aback that she's so herself; she's not even trying to be unique or different. She literally just lives in her head; she does what she wants to do. So, the lipstick is here for someone who is happy to be themself.\"\n\n",
"Personal life\n-------------\n\nIn October 2019, Banks announced that she would perform under the name Azilka () during her tour in [post\\-Soviet countries](/wiki/Former_Soviet_Union \"Former Soviet Union\").\n\nOn August 8, 2020, Banks announced that she intended to end her life by [euthanasia](/wiki/Euthanasia \"Euthanasia\") and document the process on film.\n\nIn February 2021, Banks publicly announced her engagement to American artist [Ryder Ripps](/wiki/Ryder_Ripps \"Ryder Ripps\"), but the next month Banks announced the end of the relationship. They had made an audio [sex tape](/wiki/Sex_tape \"Sex tape\") and sold it as an [NFT](/wiki/Non-fungible_token \"Non-fungible token\").\n\n### Health\n\nIn July 2016, Banks admitted to lightening her skin due to skin blemishes from her [birth control](/wiki/Birth_control \"Birth control\") and defended the process of [skin bleaching](/wiki/Skin_whitening \"Skin whitening\"). In December 2016, she revealed that she had had a [miscarriage](/wiki/Miscarriage \"Miscarriage\") and asked her fans for advice and support.\n\n*[BuzzFeed News](/wiki/BuzzFeed_News \"BuzzFeed News\")* wrote Banks \"has been frank about her own mental health issues\". In 2020, during a plea deal in Manhattan Court to avoid prison time, she was ordered to seek mental health treatment. The British magazine *[gal\\-dem](/wiki/Gal-dem \"Gal-dem\")* reported that she has [bipolar disorder](/wiki/Bipolar_disorder \"Bipolar disorder\").\n\n### Sexuality and views on the LGBT community\n\nBanks identifies as [bisexual](/wiki/Bisexual \"Bisexual\"). During the few instances where she has discussed her sexuality with the press, she has expressed dissatisfaction with society's labeling of others based on [sexual orientation](/wiki/Sexual_orientation \"Sexual orientation\"). In an interview with *[The New York Times](/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")*, she said, \"I'm not trying to be, like, the bisexual, lesbian rapper. I don't live on other people's terms.\"\n\nBanks has been accused of both homophobia and transphobia, with *[Out](/wiki/Out_%28magazine%29 \"Out (magazine)\")* editors calling her a bully to the LGBT community rather than an ally. In 2015, she used language that *[PinkNews](/wiki/PinkNews \"PinkNews\")* called homophobic when she called a flight attendant a \"fucking faggot\" during what is described as an \"in\\-flight meltdown\". Later that month, Banks posted what *[Billboard](/wiki/Billboard_%28magazine%29 \"Billboard (magazine)\")* called a \"Twitter tirade\" against the LGBT community when she tweeted, \"LGBT community are like the gay white [KKK](/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan \"Ku Klux Klan\")'s. Get some pink hoods and unicorns and rally down rodeo drive... If I am to be a part of an LGBT community I want to be in it with people who aren't so weak or so easily moved ya know.\" In 2020, she said gay men were \"appropriating horse culture\" by using harnesses, [ketamine](/wiki/Ketamine \"Ketamine\"), and sexual lubricant. In 2021, she said [trans women](/wiki/Trans_women \"Trans women\") are \"just gay boys on hormones using male aggression to force their ways into [women's spaces](/wiki/Women%27s_spaces \"Women's spaces\").\" In 2023, she argued that state funding for other healthcare issues should take precedence over funding for [gender\\-affirming surgery](/wiki/Gender-affirming_surgery \"Gender-affirming surgery\"), which she compared to [cosmetic surgery](/wiki/Cosmetic_surgery \"Cosmetic surgery\").\n\n### Political views\n\nBanks is known for publicly speaking out on African\\-American civil rights issues, with a commentator at *[Splice Today](/wiki/Splice_Today \"Splice Today\")* describing her as having \"that hot New York temper where she will pop off if you cross her the wrong way\". In December 2014, she called for over $100 trillion to be paid to African Americans as [financial reparations for the enslavement of their ancestors](/wiki/Reparations_for_slavery_debate_in_the_United_States \"Reparations for slavery debate in the United States\"), citing U.S. reparations to Native American communities and the German reparations to Jewish survivors of [the Holocaust](/wiki/The_Holocaust \"The Holocaust\") as precedents. On Twitter, she urged young African Americans to take an interest in such issues, adding, \"We are the children of the people who perished in the name of modern capitalism and we deserve a piece of that fucking pie\". She added that reparations could be used to improve educational prospects for black Americans.\n\nIn 2016, Banks took to Twitter to express her endorsement of [Donald Trump](/wiki/Donald_Trump \"Donald Trump\")'s [2016 presidential campaign](/wiki/Donald_Trump_presidential_campaign%2C_2016 \"Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016\"), clarifying that \"I have no hope for America ... I think Donald Trump is evil like America is evil and in order for America to keep up with itself it needs him ... politicians are inherently evil, I trust the one who is most transparent.\" She retracted her endorsement of Trump in October 2016, posting on Facebook: \"I made a major mistake endorsing toupey\\-toupee. Women's rights are important and we must protect them.\" Nonetheless, after Trump won the presidency, she posted, \"He is my fucking hero right now. I am elated.\"\n\nIn April 2022, Banks posted an Instagram story repeatedly chastising Ukraine in the [2022 Russian invasion of the country](/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine \"2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine\"). She claimed, unsubstantiated, that Ukraine's president [Volodymyr Zelenskyy](/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy \"Volodymyr Zelenskyy\") prevented [African exchange students from leaving the country](/wiki/2022_Ukrainian_refugee_crisis%23Racial_discrimination \"2022 Ukrainian refugee crisis#Racial discrimination\"). She also claimed without evidence that Ukraine was using its embassies in African countries to recruit mercenaries to fight in Ukraine. Banks said that Zelenskyy was trying to provoke a global nuclear war and urged Ukraine to surrender. In a previous Instagram story from April 1, she had praised Russia's president [Vladimir Putin](/wiki/Vladimir_Putin \"Vladimir Putin\"), saying that she \"really fucking love\\[s]\" him and calling him her \"favorite [super villain](/wiki/Supervillain \"Supervillain\") ever\".\n\nBanks moved from Los Angeles to Miami in 2021\\. In January 2023, she said that she did so because she had become disillusioned with the politics of Los Angeles and that she felt \"way safer\" in Florida. She also praised Florida's governor [Ron DeSantis](/wiki/Ron_DeSantis \"Ron DeSantis\"), whom she called \"focused on the basic shit\" and \"practical about a lot of things\".\n\nIn July 2024, Banks attended a rally in support of Trump's [2024 presidential campaign](/wiki/Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign \"Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign\") in Florida.\n\n",
"### Health\n\nIn July 2016, Banks admitted to lightening her skin due to skin blemishes from her [birth control](/wiki/Birth_control \"Birth control\") and defended the process of [skin bleaching](/wiki/Skin_whitening \"Skin whitening\"). In December 2016, she revealed that she had had a [miscarriage](/wiki/Miscarriage \"Miscarriage\") and asked her fans for advice and support.\n\n*[BuzzFeed News](/wiki/BuzzFeed_News \"BuzzFeed News\")* wrote Banks \"has been frank about her own mental health issues\". In 2020, during a plea deal in Manhattan Court to avoid prison time, she was ordered to seek mental health treatment. The British magazine *[gal\\-dem](/wiki/Gal-dem \"Gal-dem\")* reported that she has [bipolar disorder](/wiki/Bipolar_disorder \"Bipolar disorder\").\n\n",
"### Sexuality and views on the LGBT community\n\nBanks identifies as [bisexual](/wiki/Bisexual \"Bisexual\"). During the few instances where she has discussed her sexuality with the press, she has expressed dissatisfaction with society's labeling of others based on [sexual orientation](/wiki/Sexual_orientation \"Sexual orientation\"). In an interview with *[The New York Times](/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")*, she said, \"I'm not trying to be, like, the bisexual, lesbian rapper. I don't live on other people's terms.\"\n\nBanks has been accused of both homophobia and transphobia, with *[Out](/wiki/Out_%28magazine%29 \"Out (magazine)\")* editors calling her a bully to the LGBT community rather than an ally. In 2015, she used language that *[PinkNews](/wiki/PinkNews \"PinkNews\")* called homophobic when she called a flight attendant a \"fucking faggot\" during what is described as an \"in\\-flight meltdown\". Later that month, Banks posted what *[Billboard](/wiki/Billboard_%28magazine%29 \"Billboard (magazine)\")* called a \"Twitter tirade\" against the LGBT community when she tweeted, \"LGBT community are like the gay white [KKK](/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan \"Ku Klux Klan\")'s. Get some pink hoods and unicorns and rally down rodeo drive... If I am to be a part of an LGBT community I want to be in it with people who aren't so weak or so easily moved ya know.\" In 2020, she said gay men were \"appropriating horse culture\" by using harnesses, [ketamine](/wiki/Ketamine \"Ketamine\"), and sexual lubricant. In 2021, she said [trans women](/wiki/Trans_women \"Trans women\") are \"just gay boys on hormones using male aggression to force their ways into [women's spaces](/wiki/Women%27s_spaces \"Women's spaces\").\" In 2023, she argued that state funding for other healthcare issues should take precedence over funding for [gender\\-affirming surgery](/wiki/Gender-affirming_surgery \"Gender-affirming surgery\"), which she compared to [cosmetic surgery](/wiki/Cosmetic_surgery \"Cosmetic surgery\").\n\n",
"### Political views\n\nBanks is known for publicly speaking out on African\\-American civil rights issues, with a commentator at *[Splice Today](/wiki/Splice_Today \"Splice Today\")* describing her as having \"that hot New York temper where she will pop off if you cross her the wrong way\". In December 2014, she called for over $100 trillion to be paid to African Americans as [financial reparations for the enslavement of their ancestors](/wiki/Reparations_for_slavery_debate_in_the_United_States \"Reparations for slavery debate in the United States\"), citing U.S. reparations to Native American communities and the German reparations to Jewish survivors of [the Holocaust](/wiki/The_Holocaust \"The Holocaust\") as precedents. On Twitter, she urged young African Americans to take an interest in such issues, adding, \"We are the children of the people who perished in the name of modern capitalism and we deserve a piece of that fucking pie\". She added that reparations could be used to improve educational prospects for black Americans.\n\nIn 2016, Banks took to Twitter to express her endorsement of [Donald Trump](/wiki/Donald_Trump \"Donald Trump\")'s [2016 presidential campaign](/wiki/Donald_Trump_presidential_campaign%2C_2016 \"Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016\"), clarifying that \"I have no hope for America ... I think Donald Trump is evil like America is evil and in order for America to keep up with itself it needs him ... politicians are inherently evil, I trust the one who is most transparent.\" She retracted her endorsement of Trump in October 2016, posting on Facebook: \"I made a major mistake endorsing toupey\\-toupee. Women's rights are important and we must protect them.\" Nonetheless, after Trump won the presidency, she posted, \"He is my fucking hero right now. I am elated.\"\n\nIn April 2022, Banks posted an Instagram story repeatedly chastising Ukraine in the [2022 Russian invasion of the country](/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine \"2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine\"). She claimed, unsubstantiated, that Ukraine's president [Volodymyr Zelenskyy](/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy \"Volodymyr Zelenskyy\") prevented [African exchange students from leaving the country](/wiki/2022_Ukrainian_refugee_crisis%23Racial_discrimination \"2022 Ukrainian refugee crisis#Racial discrimination\"). She also claimed without evidence that Ukraine was using its embassies in African countries to recruit mercenaries to fight in Ukraine. Banks said that Zelenskyy was trying to provoke a global nuclear war and urged Ukraine to surrender. In a previous Instagram story from April 1, she had praised Russia's president [Vladimir Putin](/wiki/Vladimir_Putin \"Vladimir Putin\"), saying that she \"really fucking love\\[s]\" him and calling him her \"favorite [super villain](/wiki/Supervillain \"Supervillain\") ever\".\n\nBanks moved from Los Angeles to Miami in 2021\\. In January 2023, she said that she did so because she had become disillusioned with the politics of Los Angeles and that she felt \"way safer\" in Florida. She also praised Florida's governor [Ron DeSantis](/wiki/Ron_DeSantis \"Ron DeSantis\"), whom she called \"focused on the basic shit\" and \"practical about a lot of things\".\n\nIn July 2024, Banks attended a rally in support of Trump's [2024 presidential campaign](/wiki/Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign \"Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign\") in Florida.\n\n",
"Disputes and controversies\n--------------------------\n\nBanks has developed a reputation for disputes with several public figures on [social media](/wiki/Social_media \"Social media\"), particularly Twitter, with *[Complex](/wiki/Complex_%28magazine%29 \"Complex (magazine)\")* noting that \"she gets more attention for her public feuds than she does for her music\".\n\nBanks has been involved in altercations with crew and passengers aboard commercial flights, resulting in her being removed from airliners, and she has accused some foreign airlines of racism against her. She also denounced \"racists\" in Israel and Australia and said she would never return to either country.Sources regarding statements about Israel:\n \n * + Sources regarding statements about Australia:\n\t \n\t \n\n* + In May 2016, Banks posted what several media outlets described as a racist and homophobic rant against [Zayn Malik](/wiki/Zayn_Malik \"Zayn Malik\") on Twitter, later targeting young actress [Skai Jackson](/wiki/Skai_Jackson \"Skai Jackson\"). As a result, Banks was dropped by her UK booking agency and an upcoming hip\\-hop festival, and her Twitter account was suspended. Later Twitter accounts were created then suspended, most recently in 2022\\.\n\nIn December 2016, Banks posted a series of videos on [Instagram](/wiki/Instagram \"Instagram\") detailing her cleanup of a closet in her apartment where she claims to have been practicing [witchcraft](/wiki/Witchcraft \"Witchcraft\"). She admitted to practicing \"three years worth of [brujeria](/wiki/Witchcraft_in_Latin_America \"Witchcraft in Latin America\")\". The video appeared to show dried blood, feathers, and the [carrion](/wiki/Carrion \"Carrion\") of dead chickens. In January 2021, she received criticism after posting a video on Instagram of her digging up and cooking her dead pet cat. She later said in an interview that she did not eat the cat and exhumed it for [taxidermizing](/wiki/Taxidermy \"Taxidermy\") purposes.\n\nIn January 2019, Banks posted xenophobic remarks about Irish people after performing in Ireland, in which she used ethnic slurs and mocked the [Great Famine](/wiki/Great_Famine_%28Ireland%29 \"Great Famine (Ireland)\"). That August, she posted xenophobic remarks about Swedish people after performing in Sweden, adding that she \"would really love to see someone bomb the shit out of this place\".\n\n",
"Discography\n-----------\n\n**Studio albums**\n* *[Broke with Expensive Taste](/wiki/Broke_with_Expensive_Taste \"Broke with Expensive Taste\")* (2014\\)\n\n",
"Filmography\n-----------\n\n| \\+Azealia Banks film roles |\n| --- |\n| Year | Title | Role | Notes |\n| 2005 | *[The American Ruling Class](/wiki/The_American_Ruling_Class \"The American Ruling Class\")* | Empire Falls Singer and Dancer | Feature film |\n| 2017 | *[Love Beats Rhymes](/wiki/Love_Beats_Rhymes \"Love Beats Rhymes\")* | Coco | Feature film |\n| 2020 | The Azealia Banks Cooking Show | Herself | Short film |\n\n",
"Tours\n-----\n\n**Headlining**\n* Mermaid Ball (2012–13\\)\n* Broke with Expensive Taste Tour (2014–15\\)\n* Azealia Banks: North American Tour (2017\\)\n* Back to the Union Jack (2024\\)\n\n**Featured act**\n* ShockWaves NME Awards Tour (2012\\)\n\n",
"Awards and nominations\n----------------------\n\n| Year | Award | Category | Work | Result |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 2011 | [BBC](/wiki/BBC \"BBC\") | [Sound of 2012](/wiki/Sound_of...%23Sound_of_2012 \"Sound of...#Sound of 2012\") | Herself | Third |\n| Rober Awards Music Poll | Most Promising New Artist | rowspan\\=2 |\n| Best Dance Anthem | \"[212](/wiki/212_%28song%29 \"212 (song)\")\" |\n| 2012 | [NME Awards](/wiki/NME_Awards \"NME Awards\") | Dancefloor Anthem | |\n| Philip Hall Radar Award | Herself | rowspan\\=\"1\" |\n| [mtvU Woodie Awards](/wiki/MTV_Woodies \"MTV Woodies\") | The Breaking Woodie | rowspan\\=\"2\" |\n| [O Music Awards](/wiki/O_Music_Awards \"O Music Awards\") | Best Web\\-Born Artist |\n| [Urban Music Awards](/wiki/Urban_Music_Awards \"Urban Music Awards\") | Best Single | \"212\" | |\n| Best International Artist | Herself | rowspan\\=\"22\" |\n| Artist of the Year |\n| [European Festival Awards](/wiki/European_Festival_Awards \"European Festival Awards\") | Newcomer of the Year |\n| [MOBO Awards](/wiki/Music_of_Black_Origin_Awards \"Music of Black Origin Awards\") | Best International Act |\n| 2013 | [NME Awards](/wiki/NME_Awards \"NME Awards\") | Villain of the Year |\n| [UK Music Video Awards](/wiki/UK_Music_Video_Awards \"UK Music Video Awards\") | Best Urban Video – Budget | \"[Atlantis](/wiki/Atlantis_%28Azealia_Banks_song%29 \"Atlantis (Azealia Banks song)\")\" |\n| [BET Awards](/wiki/BET_Awards \"BET Awards\") | [Best Female Hip Hop Artist](/wiki/BET_Award_for_Best_Hip-Hop_Artists \"BET Award for Best Hip-Hop Artists\") | Herself |\n| [Best New Artist](/wiki/BET_Award_for_Best_New_Artist \"BET Award for Best New Artist\") |\n| [International Dance Music Awards](/wiki/International_Dance_Music_Awards \"International Dance Music Awards\") | Best Rap/Hip\\-Hop Dance Track | \"212\" |\n| 2014 | [Billboard](/wiki/Billboard_%28magazine%29 \"Billboard (magazine)\").com Mid\\-Year Music Awards | Most Memorable Feud | Herself vs [T.I.](/wiki/T.I. \"T.I.\") |\n| Rober Awards Music Poll | Best R\\&B | Herself |\n| 2015 | [BET Awards](/wiki/BET_Awards \"BET Awards\") | Best Female Hip Hop Artist |\n| [International Dance Music Awards](/wiki/International_Dance_Music_Awards \"International Dance Music Awards\") | Best Rap/Hip\\-Hop/Trap Dance Track | \"[Heavy Metal and Reflective](/wiki/Heavy_Metal_and_Reflective \"Heavy Metal and Reflective\")\" |\n| A2IM Libera Awards | Groundbreaking Album of the Year | *[Broke with Expensive Taste](/wiki/Broke_with_Expensive_Taste \"Broke with Expensive Taste\")* |\n| Rober Awards Music Poll | Floorfiller of the Year | \"[Trap Queen](/wiki/Trap_Queen \"Trap Queen\")\" (with [Fetty Wap](/wiki/Fetty_Wap \"Fetty Wap\")) (Remix with [Quavo](/wiki/Quavo \"Quavo\") \\& [Gucci Mane](/wiki/Gucci_Mane \"Gucci Mane\")) |\n| 2016 | [Music Society Awards](/wiki/Society_Awards \"Society Awards\") | Hip\\-Hop Recording of the Year | \"Ice Princess\" |\n| Hip\\-Hop Album of the Year | *[Broke with Expensive Taste](/wiki/Broke_with_Expensive_Taste \"Broke with Expensive Taste\")* |\n| 2017 | *[Slay\\-Z](/wiki/Slay-Z \"Slay-Z\")* |\n| Best Urban Album |\n| Best Hip\\-Hop Recording of the Year | \"[The Big Big Beat](/wiki/The_Big_Big_Beat \"The Big Big Beat\")\" |\n| Artist of the Year, Female \\- Hip\\-Hop | Herself |\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"Further reading\n---------------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1991 births](/wiki/Category:1991_births \"1991 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:21st\\-century American LGBTQ people](/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_LGBTQ_people \"21st-century American LGBTQ people\")\n[Category:21st\\-century American rappers](/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_rappers \"21st-century American rappers\")\n[Category:21st\\-century American women singers](/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_women_singers \"21st-century American women singers\")\n[Category:21st\\-century American singers](/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_singers \"21st-century American singers\")\n[Category:African\\-American activists](/wiki/Category:African-American_activists \"African-American activists\")\n[Category:21st\\-century African\\-American actresses](/wiki/Category:21st-century_African-American_actresses \"21st-century African-American actresses\")\n[Category:21st\\-century American actresses](/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_actresses \"21st-century American actresses\")\n[Category:21st\\-century American actors](/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_actors \"21st-century American actors\")\n[Category:Actresses from Manhattan](/wiki/Category:Actresses_from_Manhattan \"Actresses from Manhattan\")\n[Category:American women in electronic music](/wiki/Category:American_women_in_electronic_music \"American women in electronic music\")\n[Category:African\\-American women rappers](/wiki/Category:African-American_women_rappers \"African-American women rappers\")\n[Category:African\\-American women singer\\-songwriters](/wiki/Category:African-American_women_singer-songwriters \"African-American women singer-songwriters\")\n[Category:American women singer\\-songwriters](/wiki/Category:American_women_singer-songwriters \"American women singer-songwriters\")\n[Category:American bisexual actresses](/wiki/Category:American_bisexual_actresses \"American bisexual actresses\")\n[Category:American hip hop singers](/wiki/Category:American_hip_hop_singers \"American hip hop singers\")\n[Category:American house musicians](/wiki/Category:American_house_musicians \"American house musicians\")\n[Category:American LGBTQ singers](/wiki/Category:American_LGBTQ_singers \"American LGBTQ singers\")\n[Category:American LGBTQ songwriters](/wiki/Category:American_LGBTQ_songwriters \"American LGBTQ songwriters\")\n[Category:American modern pagans](/wiki/Category:American_modern_pagans \"American modern pagans\")\n[Category:American musicians with disabilities](/wiki/Category:American_musicians_with_disabilities \"American musicians with disabilities\")\n[Category:American witchcraft](/wiki/Category:American_witchcraft \"American witchcraft\")\n[Category:21st\\-century American women rappers](/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_women_rappers \"21st-century American women rappers\")\n[Category:Bisexual singers](/wiki/Category:Bisexual_singers \"Bisexual singers\")\n[Category:Bisexual songwriters](/wiki/Category:Bisexual_songwriters \"Bisexual songwriters\")\n[Category:East Coast hip hop musicians](/wiki/Category:East_Coast_hip_hop_musicians \"East Coast hip hop musicians\")\n[Category:Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School alumni](/wiki/Category:Fiorello_H._LaGuardia_High_School_alumni \"Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School alumni\")\n[Category:African\\-American LGBTQ people](/wiki/Category:African-American_LGBTQ_people \"African-American LGBTQ people\")\n[Category:Hip house musicians](/wiki/Category:Hip_house_musicians \"Hip house musicians\")\n[Category:Internet\\-related controversies](/wiki/Category:Internet-related_controversies \"Internet-related controversies\")\n[Category:LGBTQ people from New York (state)](/wiki/Category:LGBTQ_people_from_New_York_%28state%29 \"LGBTQ people from New York (state)\")\n[Category:LGBTQ musicians with disabilities](/wiki/Category:LGBTQ_musicians_with_disabilities \"LGBTQ musicians with disabilities\")\n[Category:LGBTQ rappers](/wiki/Category:LGBTQ_rappers \"LGBTQ rappers\")\n[Category:LGBTQ\\-related controversies in music](/wiki/Category:LGBTQ-related_controversies_in_music \"LGBTQ-related controversies in music\")\n[Category:NME Awards winners](/wiki/Category:NME_Awards_winners \"NME Awards winners\")\n[Category:Obscenity controversies in music](/wiki/Category:Obscenity_controversies_in_music \"Obscenity controversies in music\")\n[Category:People from Harlem](/wiki/Category:People_from_Harlem \"People from Harlem\")\n[Category:People with bipolar disorder](/wiki/Category:People_with_bipolar_disorder \"People with bipolar disorder\")\n[Category:Pop rappers](/wiki/Category:Pop_rappers \"Pop rappers\")\n[Category:Race\\-related controversies in music](/wiki/Category:Race-related_controversies_in_music \"Race-related controversies in music\")\n[Category:Rappers from Manhattan](/wiki/Category:Rappers_from_Manhattan \"Rappers from Manhattan\")\n[Category:Singers with disabilities](/wiki/Category:Singers_with_disabilities \"Singers with disabilities\")\n[Category:Singer\\-songwriters from New York (state)](/wiki/Category:Singer-songwriters_from_New_York_%28state%29 \"Singer-songwriters from New York (state)\")\n\n"
]
} |
Minimum interval takeoff | {
"id": [
38359508
],
"name": [
"Wunghuang"
]
} | pyc928j7jxx6u55xvezzgnyu34frxoa | 2024-04-11T23:56:30Z | 1,218,484,359 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Description",
"Tactical use",
"Incidents",
"Pop culture",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n[thumb\\|250px\\|Three [U.S. Air Force](/wiki/United_States_Air_Force \"United States Air Force\") [B\\-52G](/wiki/Boeing_B-52_Stratofortress \"Boeing B-52 Stratofortress\") aircraft depart [Barksdale AFB](/wiki/Barksdale_Air_Force_Base \"Barksdale Air Force Base\") during a MITO exercise in 1986](/wiki/File:B-52Gs_taking_off_from_Barksdale_AFB_1986.JPEG \"B-52Gs taking off from Barksdale AFB 1986.JPEG\")\n\nA **minimum interval takeoff** (**MITO**) is a technique of the [United States Air Force](/wiki/United_States_Air_Force \"United States Air Force\") for scrambling all available [bomber](/wiki/Bomber \"Bomber\") and [tanker](/wiki/Aerial_refueling \"Aerial refueling\") aircraft at twelve\\- and fifteen\\-second intervals, respectively. Before takeoff, the aircraft perform an [elephant walk](/wiki/Elephant_walk_%28aeronautics%29 \"Elephant walk (aeronautics)\") to the runway. It is designed to maximize the number of aircraft launched in the least amount of time possible before the base suffers a nuclear strike, which would obliterate all remaining aircraft.\n\nAlthough the practice is aimed to efficiently send aircraft off as quickly as possible, it does not come without risks. Sending aircraft into the [wake turbulence](/wiki/Wake_turbulence \"Wake turbulence\") of another aircraft at such close intervals could cause unpredictable aerodynamic behavior and loss of aircraft control. More than once, aircraft have crashed on takeoff after encountering such wake turbulence.\n\n",
"Description\n-----------\n\nThe minimum interval takeoff was designed by the U.S. Air Force to get its bomber fleet in the air within fifteen minutes of an alert of an incoming [missile](/wiki/Intercontinental_ballistic_missile \"Intercontinental ballistic missile\") attack, that being the time in which the bases would be obliterated. Although it had roots during [World War II](/wiki/World_War_II \"World War II\"), the tactic came of age during the [Cold War](/wiki/Cold_War \"Cold War\") under the [Strategic Air Command](/wiki/Strategic_Air_Command \"Strategic Air Command\") (SAC).\n\n",
"Tactical use\n------------\n\n[thumb\\|Two [C\\-130 Hercules](/wiki/Lockheed_C-130_Hercules \"Lockheed C-130 Hercules\") aircraft of the [463rd Tactical Airlift Wing](/wiki/463rd_Tactical_Airlift_Wing \"463rd Tactical Airlift Wing\") get airborne as the remaining 16 aircraft wait on the runway during a MITO at the start of a mass airdrop exercise at [Dyess AFB](/wiki/Dyess_Air_Force_Base \"Dyess Air Force Base\"), Texas](/wiki/File:C-130_Hercules%2C_463rd_Tactical_Airlifift_Wing_for_a_mass_airdrop_exercise._Dyess_Air_Force_Base.jpg \"C-130 Hercules, 463rd Tactical Airlifift Wing for a mass airdrop exercise. Dyess Air Force Base.jpg\")\n\nStrategic Air Command bomber and tanker crews frequently practiced these drills, as they knew they had to send up the maximum number of planes, in the fastest time possible. This was done to prevent possible obliteration should the base be attacked by nuclear warheads. In theory, the whole procedure had to be done as soon as possible, as there would be minutes to spare in the event of an attack warning. This meant that the aircraft were launched as quickly as twelve seconds between bombers, and fifteen seconds between the tankers.\n\nNormally, aircraft are delayed from taking off until the [turbulence](/wiki/Wake_turbulence \"Wake turbulence\") created by the aircraft ahead of it has dissipated. Because of the small launch window, this made the air very rough for the next minute for the aircraft, during the takeoff roll and initial climbout. [Water injection](/wiki/Water_injection_%28engine%29 \"Water injection (engine)\") in the [J57](/wiki/Pratt_%26_Whitney_J57 \"Pratt & Whitney J57\") [turbojet](/wiki/Turbojet \"Turbojet\") engines produced extra power for takeoff but caused large amounts of unburned fuel to leave the engine in the exhaust, producing large amounts of black smoke which the subsequent aircraft would also have to go through in order to take off successfully. The J57 was fitted to all B\\-52s with the exception of the H\\-model, which has [TF33](/wiki/Pratt_%26_Whitney_JT3D \"Pratt & Whitney JT3D\") [turbofans](/wiki/Turbofan \"Turbofan\"). During alerts, the crews performed an [elephant walk](/wiki/Elephant_walk_%28aeronautics%29 \"Elephant walk (aeronautics)\") from the [Christmas tree](/wiki/Christmas_tree_%28aviation%29 \"Christmas tree (aviation)\"), and then launched as quickly as possible. Typically, takeoff clearance was received by the aircraft once the aircraft ahead of it was on the runway.\n\nUpon taking off, the navigator called milestones, indicating the minimum speed at important positions on the runway. If the aircraft wasn't at speed during S1 time (), the plane aborted takeoff. If S1 was successfully achieved, the wings start generating lift, exposed to the violent turbulence that it immediately encountered. The nose is still held kept down at this point. At , another milestone, pilot pulls the yoke back, and the plane lifts off.\n\nAt [Pease Air Force Base](/wiki/Pease_Air_National_Guard_Base \"Pease Air National Guard Base\"), [New Hampshire](/wiki/New_Hampshire \"New Hampshire\"), it has been reported that [Boeing B\\-47 Stratojet](/wiki/Boeing_B-47_Stratojet \"Boeing B-47 Stratojet\") aircraft launched at opposing sides of the single runway at 7\\.5\\-second intervals, half that of a normal MITO. Later, Pease and [Plattsburgh Air Force Base](/wiki/Plattsburgh_Air_Force_Base \"Plattsburgh Air Force Base\"), [New York](/wiki/New_York_%28state%29 \"New York (state)\"), were equipped with [FB\\-111](/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-111_Aardvark%23FB-111A_/_F-111G \"General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark#FB-111A / F-111G\") strategic bombers and the MITO interval was reduced to just six seconds between aircraft, if they used alternating opposite sides of the same runway. [KC\\-135 tanker](/wiki/Boeing_KC-135_Stratotanker \"Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker\") aircraft of Pease and Plattsburgh used a twelve\\-second MITO interval using the [runway centerline](/wiki/Runway%23Markings \"Runway#Markings\").\n\n",
"Incidents\n---------\n\n[thumb\\|200px\\|A B\\-52H starts its engines during a MITO at [Barksdale AFB](/wiki/Barksdale_Air_Force_Base \"Barksdale Air Force Base\") in 2014](/wiki/File:B-52_shotgun_startup.jpg \"B-52 shotgun startup.jpg\")\nOne B\\-52 was involved in a crash during a MITO when the aircraft stalled. On the morning of December 16, 1982, A [B\\-52G Stratofortress](/wiki/Boeing_B-52_Stratofortress \"Boeing B-52 Stratofortress\") of the [328th Bombardment Squadron](/wiki/328th_Bombardment_Squadron \"328th Bombardment Squadron\"), [93rd Bombardment Wing](/wiki/93rd_Bombardment_Wing \"93rd Bombardment Wing\"), at [Castle Air Force Base](/wiki/Castle_Air_Force_Base \"Castle Air Force Base\"), California, crashed while attempting a MITO, killing all nine crewmembers on board. It had just taken off from [Mather Air Force Base](/wiki/Mather_Air_Force_Base \"Mather Air Force Base\") near [Sacramento](/wiki/Sacramento%2C_California \"Sacramento, California\") when they encountered trouble. The aircraft, carrying of fuel, crashed about from Mather and blew up in a ball of fire around in diameter. The resulting crash left a path of burning debris, killed three horses, and left four people needing treatment for smoke inhalation. The cause was determined to have been the result of the jet trying to avoid the jet blast of the lead plane, showing the inherent risk behind launching aircraft so close together.\n\nA [\"Broken Arrow\"](/wiki/United_States_military_nuclear_incident_terminology%23Broken_Arrow \"United States military nuclear incident terminology#Broken Arrow\") incident originated from a minimum interval takeoff incident on December 8, 1964\\. During a normal MITO at [Bunker Hill Air Force Base](/wiki/Grissom_Air_Reserve_Base \"Grissom Air Reserve Base\"), Indiana, a [delta\\-winged](/wiki/Delta_wing \"Delta wing\") [B\\-58 Hustler](/wiki/Convair_B-58_Hustler \"Convair B-58 Hustler\"), loaded with five nuclear weapons, suffered a landing gear failure. This caused the pilot to lose control, which also caused a rupture of the fuel cell holding [JP\\-4](/wiki/JP-4_%28fuel%29 \"JP-4 (fuel)\") fuel, causing an immediate fire under the aircraft. The pilot and defensive systems operator survived the fire and abandoned the aircraft; the navigator ejected, but was killed. The resulting fire consumed the aircraft and some nuclear weapons, causing contamination in the immediate vicinity.\nOn 4 January 1961, during a minimum interval takeoff from Pease AFB, a B\\-47E, *53\\-4244*, of the [100th Bomb Wing](/wiki/100th_Bombardment_Wing \"100th Bombardment Wing\"), second of a three\\-ship cell, lost control, crashed into trees, and burned. The aircraft commander, Capt. Thomas C. Weller, co\\-pilot 1st Lt. Ronald Chapo, navigator 1st Lt. J. A. Wether, and crew chief S/Sgt. Stephen J. Merva were killed.Lloyd, Alwyn T., \"Boeing's B\\-47 Stratojet\", Specialty Press, North Branch, Minnesota, 2005, , page 160\\.\n\n",
"Pop culture\n-----------\n\nThere is a scene from the [1963](/wiki/1963_in_film \"1963 in film\") film *[A Gathering of Eagles](/wiki/A_Gathering_of_Eagles \"A Gathering of Eagles\")* during which a MITO is observed to occur from beside the runway at [Beale Air Force Base](/wiki/Beale_Air_Force_Base \"Beale Air Force Base\"), California. The scene involves Colonels James Caldwell (played by [Rock Hudson](/wiki/Rock_Hudson \"Rock Hudson\")) and Hollis Farr ([Rod Taylor](/wiki/Rod_Taylor \"Rod Taylor\")) standing a few thousand feet down the runway, watching B\\-52 Stratofortresses take off at fifteen\\-second intervals.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Index of aviation articles](/wiki/Index_of_aviation_articles \"Index of aviation articles\")\n* [List of established military terms](/wiki/List_of_established_military_terms \"List of established military terms\")\n* [Operational Readiness Platform](/wiki/Operational_Readiness_Platform \"Operational Readiness Platform\")\n* [Combat readiness](/wiki/Combat_readiness \"Combat readiness\")\n* [Scrambling (military)](/wiki/Scrambling_%28military%29 \"Scrambling (military)\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [An excerpt from \"A Full Retaliatory Response.\" by Thomas D. Jones.](https://web.archive.org/web/20051124130209/http://www.airandspacemagazine.com/ASM/Mag/Supp/ON05/MITO.html)\n* [MITO takeoffs at Loring Air Force Base](http://www.all-hazards.com/loring/loringtakeoff/index.htm)\n* [Video of a B\\-52 MITO at Minot Air Force Base](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wJ7niLYSVFo)\n* [Video of a MITO with B\\-52's and KC\\-135's](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LU6DoQOd6z0)\n* [Video of a MITO at Minot Air Force Base](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rSm0j_4FJuE)\n\n[Category:Cold War](/wiki/Category:Cold_War \"Cold War\")\n[Category:United States Air Force](/wiki/Category:United_States_Air_Force \"United States Air Force\")\n\n"
]
} |
Lucas Foster | {
"id": [
44008019
],
"name": [
"Vegantics"
]
} | lhupzyx5rnejkfglc4auuz2xtobqg4y | 2024-08-26T19:30:02Z | 1,215,877,986 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Career",
"Filmography",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Lucas Foster** is an American [film producer](/wiki/Film_producer \"Film producer\") whose films include [*Mr. \\& Mrs. Smith*](/wiki/Mr._%26_Mrs._Smith_%282005_film%29 \"Mr. & Mrs. Smith (2005 film)\"), [*Man on Fire*](/wiki/Man_on_Fire_%282004_film%29 \"Man on Fire (2004 film)\"), and [*Equilibrium*](/wiki/Equilibrium_%28film%29 \"Equilibrium (film)\"). He is also one of the co\\-founders of HeadcaseVR, a virtual reality company.\n\n",
"Career\n------\n\nIn late 2009, it was revealed that Foster would be producing *Go Like Hell* for [20th Century Fox](/wiki/20th_Century_Fox \"20th Century Fox\"). Based on the book, *Go Like Hell: Ford, Ferrari, and Their Battle for Speed and Glory at Le Mans*, the film revolves around the rivalry between [Enzo Ferrari](/wiki/Enzo_Ferrari \"Enzo Ferrari\") and [Carroll Shelby](/wiki/Carroll_Shelby \"Carroll Shelby\") during the 1960s. By 2014, the project was said to feature [Tom Cruise](/wiki/Tom_Cruise \"Tom Cruise\") and [Brad Pitt](/wiki/Brad_Pitt \"Brad Pitt\") in the leads, with Joseph Kosinski pegged to direct the film. Due to budget issues, the project was scrapped, but interest in it revived in 2015, with [Christian Bale](/wiki/Christian_Bale \"Christian Bale\") now attached.\n\nIn 2012, industry trade papers ran stories that Foster was scheduled to produce *The Job*, an action thriller based on a screenplay by Brad Mirman, with a budget of $20 million. In 2014, along with four others, Foster co\\-founded HeadcaseVR, which is utilized in fields as diverse as college sports, where it is used to help in recruiting players, to retail sales, where companies such as Nike and Chevrolet use it new retail sources.\n\nIn 2020, during the [COVID\\-19 pandemic](/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic \"COVID-19 pandemic\"), Foster decided to isolate the entire cast and crew in a small town in Australia during production of a horror film based on a short story, \"Children of the Corn\" by [Stephen King](/wiki/Stephen_King \"Stephen King\"). Included in the crew were a doctor, nurse and paramedic. Everyone was required to fill out health questionnaires at the start and end of each day. All surfaces were kept sanitized, and temperatures were taken every day. Foster said that the additional precautions to protect everyone from the virus added about 20 percent to the original $10 million budget for the film.\n\n",
"Filmography\n-----------\n\n**Producer**\n\n* *[Lisa](/wiki/Lisa_%281990_film%29 \"Lisa (1990 film)\")* (1990\\) (Associate producer)\n* *[Equilibrium](/wiki/Equilibrium_%28film%29 \"Equilibrium (film)\")* (2002\\)\n* *[Walking Tall](/wiki/Walking_Tall_%282004_film%29 \"Walking Tall (2004 film)\")* (2004\\)\n* *[Man on Fire](/wiki/Man_on_Fire_%282004_film%29 \"Man on Fire (2004 film)\")* (2004\\)\n* *[Eulogy](/wiki/Eulogy_%28film%29 \"Eulogy (film)\")* (2004\\)\n* *[Mr. \\& Mrs. Smith](/wiki/Mr._%26_Mrs._Smith_%282005_film%29 \"Mr. & Mrs. Smith (2005 film)\")* (2005\\)\n* *[Jumper](/wiki/Jumper_%282008_film%29 \"Jumper (2008 film)\")* (2008\\)\n* *[Street Kings](/wiki/Street_Kings \"Street Kings\")* (2008\\)\n* *[Law Abiding Citizen](/wiki/Law_Abiding_Citizen \"Law Abiding Citizen\")* (2009\\)\n* *[Children of the Corn](/wiki/Children_of_the_Corn_%282020_film%29 \"Children of the Corn (2020 film)\")* (2020\\)\n* *[Morbius](/wiki/Morbius_%28film%29 \"Morbius (film)\")* (2022\\)\n\n**Executive producer**\n\n* *[Bad Boys](/wiki/Bad_Boys_%281995_film%29 \"Bad Boys (1995 film)\")* (1995\\)\n* *[Crimson Tide](/wiki/Crimson_Tide_%28film%29 \"Crimson Tide (film)\")* (1995\\)\n* *[Dangerous Minds](/wiki/Dangerous_Minds \"Dangerous Minds\")* (1995\\)\n* *[Van Wilder](/wiki/Van_Wilder \"Van Wilder\")* (2002\\)\n* *[Jeepers Creepers 2](/wiki/Jeepers_Creepers_2 \"Jeepers Creepers 2\")* (2003\\)\n* *[Imagining Argentina](/wiki/Imagining_Argentina_%28film%29 \"Imagining Argentina (film)\")* (2003\\) (Co\\-executive producer)\n* *[Death Defying Acts](/wiki/Death_Defying_Acts \"Death Defying Acts\")* (2007\\)\n* *[Ford v Ferrari](/wiki/Ford_v_Ferrari \"Ford v Ferrari\")* (2019\\)\n\n**Thanks**\n\n* *[The Good Girl](/wiki/The_Good_Girl \"The Good Girl\")* (2002\\)\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Warp LLC website](http://www.warpllc.com/styled-3/styled-4/index.html)\n\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)](/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_%28living_people%29 \"Year of birth missing (living people)\")\n[Category:Film producers from New York City](/wiki/Category:Film_producers_from_New_York_City \"Film producers from New York City\")\n\n"
]
} |
Frank Turnbull | {
"id": [
44931827
],
"name": [
"NHL04"
]
} | hweaznin7hyi6n0uyy04eopup3lyk59 | 2023-10-06T19:11:55Z | 1,174,265,600 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Awards and honours",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Frank Turnbull** (born January 13, 1954\\) is a [Canadian](/wiki/Canadians \"Canadians\") former professional [ice hockey](/wiki/Ice_hockey \"Ice hockey\") [goaltender](/wiki/Goaltender \"Goaltender\").\n\nBetween [1975–76](/wiki/1975%E2%80%9376_WHA_season \"1975–76 WHA season\") and [1977–78](/wiki/1977%E2%80%9378_WHA_season \"1977–78 WHA season\") Turnbull played four games in the [World Hockey Association](/wiki/World_Hockey_Association \"World Hockey Association\") with the [Edmonton Oilers](/wiki/Edmonton_Oilers \"Edmonton Oilers\").\n\n",
"Awards and honours\n------------------\n\n| Award | Year |\n| --- | --- |\n| [Vince Leah Trophy](/wiki/Vince_Leah_Trophy \"Vince Leah Trophy\") \\- [MJHL](/wiki/Manitoba_Junior_Hockey_League \"Manitoba Junior Hockey League\") Rookie of the Year | 1969–70 |\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n* [Edmonton Oilers: Goaltending History](http://www.goaliesarchive.com/wha/edmonton/turnbull.html)\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1954 births](/wiki/Category:1954_births \"1954 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Canadian ice hockey goaltenders](/wiki/Category:Canadian_ice_hockey_goaltenders \"Canadian ice hockey goaltenders\")\n[Category:Edmonton Oilers (WHA) players](/wiki/Category:Edmonton_Oilers_%28WHA%29_players \"Edmonton Oilers (WHA) players\")\n[Category:Ice hockey people from Winnipeg](/wiki/Category:Ice_hockey_people_from_Winnipeg \"Ice hockey people from Winnipeg\")\n[Category:Western International Hockey League players](/wiki/Category:Western_International_Hockey_League_players \"Western International Hockey League players\")\n[Category:Winnipeg Jets (WHL) players](/wiki/Category:Winnipeg_Jets_%28WHL%29_players \"Winnipeg Jets (WHL) players\")\n\n"
]
} |
Charles Malherbe | {
"id": [
27015025
],
"name": [
"InternetArchiveBot"
]
} | mqg8inqpbg1uldyzqj8x88pzhj1k200 | 2023-11-26T20:11:58Z | 1,167,922,969 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Life and career",
"Selected works",
"References",
"Sources",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n[thumb\\|upright\\|](/wiki/File:Charles_Malherbe_-_Gallica_2010_%28adjusted%29.jpg \"Charles Malherbe - Gallica 2010 (adjusted).jpg\")\n\n**Charles Théodore Malherbe** (21 April 1853 – 5 October 1911\\) was a French [violinist](/wiki/Violin \"Violin\"), [musicologist](/wiki/Musicology \"Musicology\"), [composer](/wiki/Composer \"Composer\") and music editor.\n\n",
"Life and career\n---------------\n\nMalherbe was born in Paris, son of Pierre Joseph Malherbe (1819–1890\\)Primary source: the genealogy of the Malherbe family, as established by François Piet, on GeneaNet (by inscription). and Zoé Caroline Mozin (1832–1921\\) the youngest daughter of French painter [Charles Mozin](/wiki/Charles_Mozin \"Charles Mozin\") (1806–1862\\). He studied law and was admitted to the bar, but instead decided on music as a profession. He studied music with [Adolphe Danhauser](/wiki/Adolphe_Danhauser \"Adolphe Danhauser\"), [Jules Massenet](/wiki/Jules_Massenet \"Jules Massenet\") and [André Wormser](/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Wormser \"André Wormser\"), and served as Danhauser's secretary on a tour through Holland, Belgium and Switzerland to survey systems of music pedagogy in the public schools. He afterward settled in Paris, and became assistant to [Charles Nuitter](/wiki/Charles_Nuitter \"Charles Nuitter\"), the archivist\\-librarian of the [Paris Opera Library](/wiki/Paris_Opera_Library \"Paris Opera Library\") in 1896, succeeding him in 1899\\. He edited the music periodical *[Le Ménestrel](/wiki/Le_M%C3%A9nestrel \"Le Ménestrel\")* and also wrote for a number of other publications, including *Le Guide musical*, *Progrès artistique*, *Revue internationale de musique* and *Le Monde artiste*.Elisabeth Lebeau, \"Malherbe, Charles (Théodore)\", in Grove Music Online.\n\nBeginning in 1895, Malherbe annotated sixteen volumes of [Jean\\-Philippe Rameau](/wiki/Jean-Philippe_Rameau \"Jean-Philippe Rameau\")'s *Œuvres complètes* (\"Complete works\") (1895–1913\\),Rameau *Œuvres complètes*. . providing much information concerning performance practice and genre history, as well as Rameau himself. He initiated, in collaboration with [Felix Weingartner](/wiki/Felix_Weingartner \"Felix Weingartner\"), the first edition of [Hector Berlioz](/wiki/Hector_Berlioz \"Hector Berlioz\")'s complete works (1900–1907\\).Complete works of Hector Berlioz, . Although replete with errors (and now superseded by *Hector Berlioz: New Edition of the Complete Works*, edited by [Hugh Macdonald](/wiki/Hugh_Macdonald_%28musicologist%29 \"Hugh Macdonald (musicologist)\")), it was indispensable at the time.\n\nMalherbe was a collector of documents, and acquired, besides thousands of autograph letters, a number of important manuscripts, including the largest extant collection of [Beethoven](/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven \"Ludwig van Beethoven\") sketches, the autograph scores of Berlioz's *[Symphonie fantastique](/wiki/Symphonie_fantastique \"Symphonie fantastique\")*, two Rameau cantatas, and several [Bach cantatas](/wiki/Bach_cantatas \"Bach cantatas\"). He discovered the original orchestral score of [Rossini](/wiki/Gioachino_Rossini \"Gioachino Rossini\")'s opera *[Guillaume Tell](/wiki/William_Tell_%28opera%29 \"William Tell (opera)\")* at a secondhand book seller's shop. In 1901 he located previously uncatalogued works of [Mozart](/wiki/Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart \"Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart\"), including a soprano aria from the opera *[Mitridate, re di Ponto](/wiki/Mitridate%2C_re_di_Ponto \"Mitridate, re di Ponto\")*, written at age 14 and an Elegy in F for two sopranos written at age 11\\. He also owned a number of [Liszt](/wiki/Franz_Liszt \"Franz Liszt\") manuscripts. With Albert Soubies, Malherbe published *Précis de l'histoire de l'Opéra\\-Comique* in 1887\\.\n\nMalherbe died in [Cormeilles, Eure](/wiki/Cormeilles%2C_Eure \"Cormeilles, Eure\") at age 58, and his collection of manuscripts was donated to the [Paris Conservatoire](/wiki/Paris_Conservatoire \"Paris Conservatoire\"). Many are now housed at the [Bibliothèque Nationale](/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_Nationale \"Bibliothèque Nationale\").\n\nNotable violin students include composer [Eugénie\\-Emilie Juliette Folville](/wiki/Eug%C3%A9nie-Emilie_Juliette_Folville \"Eugénie-Emilie Juliette Folville\").\n\n",
"Selected works\n--------------\n\nMalherbe composed several comic operas, plus chamber and orchestral music. Selected compositions include:\n\n* *Duo concertant*\n* *Entr'acte–Sérénade*\n* *Menuet de Lucette*\n* *En Route*, quickstep for orchestra\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"Sources\n-------\n\n* [Stanley Sadie](/wiki/Stanley_Sadie \"Stanley Sadie\") (ed.): *[The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians](/wiki/The_New_Grove_Dictionary_of_Music_and_Musicians \"The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians\")*, 2nd edition (London: Macmillan, 2001\\), (hardcover), (eBook).\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Genealogy](https://sites.google.com/site/mozincharleslouis/) \n\n[Category:1853 births](/wiki/Category:1853_births \"1853 births\")\n[Category:1911 deaths](/wiki/Category:1911_deaths \"1911 deaths\")\n[Category:19th\\-century classical composers](/wiki/Category:19th-century_classical_composers \"19th-century classical composers\")\n[Category:19th\\-century French composers](/wiki/Category:19th-century_French_composers \"19th-century French composers\")\n[Category:19th\\-century French male musicians](/wiki/Category:19th-century_French_male_musicians \"19th-century French male musicians\")\n[Category:19th\\-century French musicologists](/wiki/Category:19th-century_French_musicologists \"19th-century French musicologists\")\n[Category:20th\\-century classical composers](/wiki/Category:20th-century_classical_composers \"20th-century classical composers\")\n[Category:20th\\-century French composers](/wiki/Category:20th-century_French_composers \"20th-century French composers\")\n[Category:20th\\-century French male musicians](/wiki/Category:20th-century_French_male_musicians \"20th-century French male musicians\")\n[Category:20th\\-century French musicologists](/wiki/Category:20th-century_French_musicologists \"20th-century French musicologists\")\n[Category:French male classical composers](/wiki/Category:French_male_classical_composers \"French male classical composers\")\n[Category:French Romantic composers](/wiki/Category:French_Romantic_composers \"French Romantic composers\")\n[Category:Musicians from Paris](/wiki/Category:Musicians_from_Paris \"Musicians from Paris\")\n\n"
]
} |
List of works by Otto Lessing | {
"id": [
46336735
],
"name": [
"Ranrøjb Egg"
]
} | k7e3k01vqoucbajho7t2gyoguc0uhh7 | 2023-08-03T20:27:05Z | 1,159,529,172 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Sources"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThis is a list of the major public architectural sculpture of [German](/wiki/Germans \"Germans\") sculptor [Otto Lessing](/wiki/Otto_Lessing_%28sculptor%29 \"Otto Lessing (sculptor)\") (1846–1912\\). Paintings and private commissions are not (yet) included.\n\n| Year | Project | Location |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 1870 | Figure *Gladiator* | |\n| 1873 | **Ethnological Museum of Berlin**, dome decorations and vestibule mosaics | [Niederkirchnerstraße](/wiki/Niederkirchnerstra%C3%9Fe \"Niederkirchnerstraße\")/Stresemann\\-Straße, Berlin (demolished) |\n| 1875–1878 | **[Reich Chancellory](/wiki/Reich_Chancellory \"Reich Chancellory\")** participation in the reconstruction | Wilhelmstraße 77, Berlin (demolished) |\n| 1875–1877 | **[Palais Borsig](/wiki/Palais_Borsig \"Palais Borsig\")**, figures of engineers and inventors on the facade, with sculptors [Reinhold Begas](/wiki/Reinhold_Begas \"Reinhold Begas\"), [Erdmann Encke](/wiki/Erdmann_Encke \"Erdmann Encke\") and Emil Hundrieser | Voßstraße 1, Berlin (demolished) |\n| 1877 | **[Palais Strousberg](/wiki/Palais_Strousberg \"Palais Strousberg\")**, stucco reliefs | Wilhelmstraße 70, Berlin (demolished) |\n| 1877 | **Café Bauer** interiors | Unter den Linden 26/Friedrichstraße 85a, Berlin (demolished) |\n| 1877–1881 | **[Martin\\-Gropius\\-Bau](/wiki/Martin-Gropius-Bau \"Martin-Gropius-Bau\")**, town coat of arms and figurative friezes | Niederkirchnerstraße 7, Berlin |\n| 1877–1881 | **[Zeughaus](/wiki/Zeughaus \"Zeughaus\")** sculptures and bronze doors | Berlin (not preserved) |\n| 1878–1880 | **Reich Justice Ministry** sculptures | Voßstraße 4–5, Berlin (demolished) |\n| 1878–1884 | **[Technische Hochschule zu Charlottenburg](/wiki/Technische_Universit%C3%A4t_Berlin \"Technische Universität Berlin\")** decorative architectural features, | Charlottenburg, Berlin |\n| 1880–1881 | **[Deutscher Dom](/wiki/Deutscher_Dom \"Deutscher Dom\")** [attic](/wiki/Attic_style \"Attic style\") portals and an interior relief of the *Acts of the Apostles* | Berlin |\n| 1882–1884 | **[Neues Gewandhaus](/wiki/Gewandhaus_%28Leipzig%29 \"Gewandhaus (Leipzig)\")** architectural sculptures | [Leipzig](/wiki/Leipzig \"Leipzig\") (demolished) |\n| 1884–1894 | **[Reichstag](/wiki/Reichstag_%28building%29 \"Reichstag (building)\")** allegories of *agriculture* and *cattle breeding* on the SW Tower; decorative vases on the cornices; bias reliefs of heraldic representations of the four German Kingdoms of Bavaria, Prussia, Württemberg, and Saxony; | Berlin |\n| 1886–1890 | **[Lessing Monument](/wiki/Lessing_Monument \"Lessing Monument\")** | [Großer Tiergarten](/wiki/Gro%C3%9Fer_Tiergarten \"Großer Tiergarten\"), Berlin |\n| 1886 | Sculpture group *Mutter und Kind* | |\n| 1887–1891 | **Imperial Patent Office** architectural sculptures | Luisenstraße 32–34, Berlin |\n| 1888–1889 | Salon Railway car on the Imperial train of [Wilhelm II](/wiki/Wilhelm_II \"Wilhelm II\") | |\n| 1888–1895 | **[Imperial Courts Building](/wiki/Reichsgericht \"Reichsgericht\")**, exterior Gable, Tympanum, sculptures, and group of figures *Damnation* and *Salvation* on the staircases | [Leipzig](/wiki/Leipzig \"Leipzig\") (reconstructed in plaster) |\n| 1891–1895 | **[Kaiser\\-Wilhelm\\-Gedächtniskirche](/wiki/Kaiser-Wilhelm-Ged%C3%A4chtniskirche \"Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gedächtniskirche\")** architectural sculptures, figures of [Martin Luther](/wiki/Martin_Luther \"Martin Luther\") and [Philipp Melanchthon](/wiki/Philipp_Melanchthon \"Philipp Melanchthon\") in the choir (destroyed), Tympanum of *Saint George* over the Emperor's entrance | [Breitscheidplatz](/wiki/Breitscheidplatz \"Breitscheidplatz\"), Berlin |\n| 1892–1894 | **[Berlin City Palace](/wiki/Berlin_City_Palace \"Berlin City Palace\")** ceiling reliefs in the new White Hall | [Schloßplatz](/wiki/Schlo%C3%9Fplatz_%28Berlin%29 \"Schloßplatz (Berlin)\"), Berlin (demolished) |\n| 1893 | Marble group *Bacchantin mit Amor* | |\n| 1894 | Marble half figure [Helmuth Karl Bernhard von Moltke](/wiki/Helmuth_Karl_Bernhard_von_Moltke \"Helmuth Karl Bernhard von Moltke\") | |\n| 1894 | Marble half figure [Ludwig Knaus](/wiki/Ludwig_Knaus \"Ludwig Knaus\") | |\n| 1894–1905 | **[Berliner Dom](/wiki/Berliner_Dom \"Berliner Dom\")** scenic reliefs on the three main doors | Berlin |\n| 1895–1896 | Bust of [Wolfgang Müller von Königswinter](/wiki/Wolfgang_M%C3%BCller_von_K%C3%B6nigswinter \"Wolfgang Müller von Königswinter\")[Königswinter](/wiki/K%C3%B6nigswinter \"Königswinter\") | |\n| 1896–1901 | **Stadtbad Kreuzberg** architectural sculpture | Baerwaldstraße 64–68, Berlin |\n| 1897 | **[Berliner Stadtschloss](/wiki/Berliner_Stadtschloss \"Berliner Stadtschloss\")** bronze reliefs of Frederich I and Frederich II | Berlin (demolished) |\n| 1897–1900 | **[Neuer Marstall](/wiki/Neuer_Marstall \"Neuer Marstall\")** architectural sculpture *Prometheus with the Oceanids* and *Perseus and Andromeda* on the north side | Schloßplatz 7, Berlin |\n| 1899–1902 | **Stadtbad Prenzlauer Berg** architectural sculpture | Oderbergerstraße 57–59, Berlin |\n| 1900 | W. Spindler commercial building, architectural sculpture | [Leipziger Straße](/wiki/Leipziger_Stra%C3%9Fe \"Leipziger Straße\") 42, Berlin |\n| 1900 | Statue of [Albert Achilles, Elector of Brandenburg](/wiki/Albert_Achilles%2C_Elector_of_Brandenburg \"Albert Achilles, Elector of Brandenburg\") and busts of Werner von der Schulenburg and Ludwig von Eyb | **[Siegesallee](/wiki/Siegesallee \"Siegesallee\")**, Berlin |\n| 1900 | Equestrian statue of [Kaiser Wilhelm I](/wiki/Kaiser_Wilhelm_I \"Kaiser Wilhelm I\") | [Hildesheim](/wiki/Hildesheim \"Hildesheim\") (melted) |\n| 1901–1903 | **Spindlershof** | Wallstraße 9–13, Berlin |\n| 1900 | **Die Kreuzträger/Leben unter dem Kreuze, marble sculpture** | Kirkeveien 167/Stensgaten, Oslo, Norway |\n| 1901–1904 | **[Lessingbrücke](/wiki/Lessingbr%C3%BCcke \"Lessingbrücke\")** bronze reliefs and ornamental pillars | Berlin |\n| 1902–1903 | **Roland Fountain** | Kemperplatz, Berlin (demolished) |\n| 1902–1903 | **Hercules Fountain** | Lützowplatz, Berlin (demolished) |\n| 1903–1904 | [William Shakespeare](/wiki/William_Shakespeare \"William Shakespeare\") Monument | [Weimar](/wiki/Weimar \"Weimar\") |\n| 1903–1910 | **Kaiser\\-Wilhelm\\-Akademie** architectural sculptures | [Invalidenstraße](/wiki/Invalidenstra%C3%9Fe \"Invalidenstraße\") 48–49, Berlin |\n| 1903–1914 | **[Berlin State Library](/wiki/Berlin_State_Library \"Berlin State Library\")** allegorical representations, with Robert Schirmer and Constantin Starck | Berlin |\n| 1904–1905 | **[Konzerthaus Berlin](/wiki/Konzerthaus_Berlin \"Konzerthaus Berlin\")** participation in the rebuilding | [Gendarmenmarkt](/wiki/Gendarmenmarkt \"Gendarmenmarkt\"), Berlin |\n| 1904 | **[Prussian House of Lords](/wiki/Prussian_House_of_Lords \"Prussian House of Lords\")** Tympanum, figures *Nährstand* and *Wehrstand* | [Leipziger Straße](/wiki/Leipziger_Stra%C3%9Fe \"Leipziger Straße\"), Berlin |\n| 1907 | Bust of [Joseph Joachim](/wiki/Joseph_Joachim \"Joseph Joachim\") | |\n| 1910 | **[St. Michaelis Church, Hamburg](/wiki/St._Michaelis_Church%2C_Hamburg \"St. Michaelis Church, Hamburg\")** pulpit, organ, choir, and stucco ornamentation | [Hamburg](/wiki/Hamburg \"Hamburg\") |\n| 1912 | Monument to Martin Luther | [Hamburg](/wiki/Hamburg \"Hamburg\") |\n\n",
"Sources\n-------\n\n* Jörg Kuhn: *Otto Lessing (1846–1912\\). Sculptor, Artisan, Painter. The Life and Work of a Sculptor of late Historicism, in Particular His Architectural Sculpture.* Dissertation, Freie Universität Berlin, 1994\\.\n\n[Lessing](/wiki/Category:German_architectural_sculptors \"German architectural sculptors\")\n[Lessing](/wiki/Category:German_male_sculptors \"German male sculptors\")\n[Lessing, Otto](/wiki/Category:Lists_of_sculptures \"Lists of sculptures\")\n\n"
]
} |
List of population centres in Newfoundland and Labrador | {
"id": [
5183450
],
"name": [
"Drmies"
]
} | lo7ln3g4yuou72b7jcasqvsbzsy0fr6 | 2023-03-13T00:35:23Z | 1,144,307,068 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"List",
"Retired population centres",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nA **population centre**, in Canadian census data, is a populated place, or a cluster of interrelated populated places, which meets the demographic characteristics of an [urban area](/wiki/Urban_area \"Urban area\"), having a population of at least 1,000 people and a population density of no fewer than 400 persons per square km2.[\"From urban areas to population centres\"](http://www.statcan.gc.ca/subjects-sujets/standard-norme/sgc-cgt/urban-urbain-eng.htm) . [Statistics Canada](/wiki/Statistics_Canada \"Statistics Canada\"), May 5, 2011\\.\n\nThe term was first introduced in the [Canada 2011 Census](/wiki/Canada_2011_Census \"Canada 2011 Census\"); prior to that, [Statistics Canada](/wiki/Statistics_Canada \"Statistics Canada\") used the term **urban area**.\n\nIn the [2021 Census of Population](/wiki/2021_Canadian_census \"2021 Canadian census\"), Statistics Canada listed 27 population centres in the province of [Newfoundland and Labrador](/wiki/Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Newfoundland and Labrador\"). This includes the new population centres of [Sheshatshiu](/wiki/Sheshatshiu \"Sheshatshiu\") and [Stephenville Crossing](/wiki/Stephenville_Crossing \"Stephenville Crossing\").\n\n",
"List\n----\n\nThe below table is a list of those population centres in Newfoundland and Labrador from the 2021 Census of Population as designated, named, and delineated by [Statistics Canada](/wiki/Statistics_Canada \"Statistics Canada\").\n\n| Rank | Population centre | Size group | Population (2021\\) | Population (2016\\) | Change | Land area (km2) | Population density |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [St. John's](/wiki/St._John%27s%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Large urban | | \n\n| [Corner Brook](/wiki/Corner_Brook%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Corner Brook, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Grand Falls\\-Windsor](/wiki/Grand_Falls-Windsor%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Grand Falls-Windsor, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Gander](/wiki/Gander%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Gander, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Labrador City](/wiki/Labrador_City%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Labrador City, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Stephenville](/wiki/Stephenville%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Stephenville, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Happy Valley\\-Goose Bay](/wiki/Happy_Valley-Goose_Bay%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Happy Valley-Goose Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Bay Roberts](/wiki/Bay_Roberts%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Bay Roberts, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Carbonear](/wiki/Carbonear%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Carbonear, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Clarenville](/wiki/Clarenville%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Clarenville, Newfoundland and Labrador\")\\-[Shoal Harbour](/wiki/Shoal_Harbour%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Shoal Harbour, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Deer Lake](/wiki/Deer_Lake%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Deer Lake, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Channel\\-Port aux Basques](/wiki/Channel-Port_aux_Basques%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Channel-Port aux Basques, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Bishop's Falls](/wiki/Bishop%27s_Falls%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Bishop's Falls, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Bonavista](/wiki/Bonavista%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Bonavista, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Pasadena](/wiki/Pasadena%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Pasadena, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Botwood](/wiki/Botwood%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Botwood, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Marystown](/wiki/Marystown%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Marystown, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Springdale](/wiki/Springdale%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Springdale, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Grand Bank](/wiki/Grand_Bank%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Grand Bank, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Lewisporte](/wiki/Lewisporte%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Lewisporte, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [St. Anthony](/wiki/St._Anthony%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"St. Anthony, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Massey Drive](/wiki/Massey_Drive%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Massey Drive, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Placentia](/wiki/Placentia%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Placentia, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Burgeo](/wiki/Burgeo%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Burgeo, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Wabana](/wiki/Wabana%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Wabana, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Sheshatshiu](/wiki/Sheshatshiu%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Sheshatshiu, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n| [Stephenville Crossing](/wiki/Stephenville_Crossing%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Stephenville Crossing, Newfoundland and Labrador\") | Small | | \n\n|\n\n",
"Retired population centres\n--------------------------\n\nThe former population centres of [Humber Arm South](/wiki/Humber_Arm_South%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Humber Arm South, Newfoundland and Labrador\"), [Fortune](/wiki/Fortune%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Fortune, Newfoundland and Labrador\") and [Upper Island Cove](/wiki/Upper_Island_Cove%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Upper Island Cove, Newfoundland and Labrador\") were retired for the 2021 census.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [List of the largest population centres in Canada](/wiki/List_of_the_largest_population_centres_in_Canada \"List of the largest population centres in Canada\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Population centres](/wiki/Category:Populated_places_in_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"Populated places in Newfoundland and Labrador\")\n\n"
]
} |
Il va pleuvoir sur Conakry | {
"id": [
753665
],
"name": [
"Ser Amantio di Nicolao"
]
} | ta6vlak16xn7a1wifx879xvf1bfn2u8 | 2022-09-17T05:45:58Z | 1,104,531,715 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Synopsis",
"Awards",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Il va pleuvoir sur Conakry*** is a 2007 [French film](/wiki/French_film \"French film\").\n\n",
"Synopsis\n--------\n\nBB works as a [political cartoonist](/wiki/Political_cartoonist \"Political cartoonist\") at a liberal newspaper and is in love with the boss' lovely, talented [computer scientist](/wiki/Computer_scientist \"Computer scientist\") daughter, Kesso. But his choice meets with stiff opposition from his strict Muslim father Karamako, who is the guardian of the ancestral tradition of their village as well as [imam](/wiki/Imam \"Imam\") of [Conakry](/wiki/Conakry \"Conakry\"). Karamako's dream inspired insistence that BB go to [Saudi Arabia](/wiki/Saudi_Arabia \"Saudi Arabia\") to study to become an imam, against the young man's wishes, further complicates the relationship, especially when Kesso becomes pregnant with BB's child.\n\n",
"Awards\n------\n\n* Ouidah (Benín) 2008\n* Verona 2007\n* Tübingen\\-Stuttgart 2007\n* Songes d'une nuit DV 2007\n* FESPACO 2007\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:2007 films](/wiki/Category:2007_films \"2007 films\")\n[Category:French drama films](/wiki/Category:French_drama_films \"French drama films\")\n[Category:Guinean drama films](/wiki/Category:Guinean_drama_films \"Guinean drama films\")\n[Category:2000s French films](/wiki/Category:2000s_French_films \"2000s French films\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Aliens vs. Predator: Requiem (soundtrack) | {
"id": [
32945418
],
"name": [
"JC1996"
]
} | hfq10f2dgmyzp4d9a06ip8f1svnp3tk | 2024-06-19T15:23:20Z | 1,194,196,577 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Background",
"Track listing",
"Selected credits",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"* + \n\t\n\t***Aliens vs. Predator: Requiem (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)*** is the official [soundtrack album](/wiki/Soundtrack_album \"Soundtrack album\") of the 2007 science fiction film *[Aliens vs. Predator: Requiem](/wiki/Aliens_vs._Predator:Requiem \"Requiem\")*. It was composed and conducted by [Brian Tyler](/wiki/Brian_Tyler \"Brian Tyler\") and released on December 11, 2007, by [Varèse Sarabande](/wiki/Var%C3%A8se_Sarabande \"Varèse Sarabande\").[Brian Tyler: Aliens vs. Predator – Requiem (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)](http://www.discogs.com/Brian-Tyler-Aliens-Vs-Predator-Requiem-Original-Motion-Picture-Soundtrack/release/2513994)[Aliens Vs. Predator: Requiem (2007\\)](http://www.soundtrackcollector.com/title/81762/Aliens+Vs.+Predator%3A+Requiem) The score is completely [orchestral](/wiki/Orchestral \"Orchestral\") and incorporates several themes from both the *[Alien](/wiki/Alien_%28franchise%29 \"Alien (franchise)\")* and *[Predator](/wiki/Predator_%28franchise%29 \"Predator (franchise)\")* franchises.\n",
"Background\n----------\n\nThe film's main theme track is a clash of two main themes, one consisting of the Predator type theme (bongos and basses) and the second of the Aliens (high pitched violins, violas and flutes). The directors [Greg and Colin Strause](/wiki/Greg_and_Colin_Strause \"Greg and Colin Strause\") wanted to take a new direction from [Harald Kloser](/wiki/Harald_Kloser \"Harald Kloser\")'s *[Alien vs. Predator](/wiki/Alien_vs._Predator_%28film%29 \"Alien vs. Predator (film)\")* score and wanted Tyler to use some reference to the three films' original score pieces, such as the horrific violas and percussion from [James Horner](/wiki/James_Horner \"James Horner\")'s *[Aliens](/wiki/Aliens_%28film%29 \"Aliens (film)\")* and the primitive tribal percussion from [Alan Silvestri](/wiki/Alan_Silvestri \"Alan Silvestri\")'s *[Predator](/wiki/Predator_%28film%29 \"Predator (film)\")* and *[Predator 2](/wiki/Predator_2 \"Predator 2\")*. Tyler also referenced composers [Elliot Goldenthal](/wiki/Elliot_Goldenthal \"Elliot Goldenthal\")'s *[Alien 3](/wiki/Alien_3 \"Alien 3\")* and [John Frizzell](/wiki/John_Frizzell_%28composer%29 \"John Frizzell (composer)\")'s *[Alien Resurrection](/wiki/Alien_Resurrection \"Alien Resurrection\")* into the score.\n\n",
"Track listing\n-------------\n\n",
"Selected credits\n----------------\n\n* Composed By \\[Music], Conductor \\[Music], Producer – Brian Tyler\n* Edited by \\[Music Editor] – Joe Lisanti\n* Executive producer – Robert Townson\n* Performed by – The [Hollywood Studio Symphony](/wiki/Hollywood_Studio_Symphony \"Hollywood Studio Symphony\")\n* Recorded by \\[Digital Recording By] – Bob Wolfe \n℗ © 2007 Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:2007 soundtrack albums](/wiki/Category:2007_soundtrack_albums \"2007 soundtrack albums\")\n[Category:Brian Tyler soundtracks](/wiki/Category:Brian_Tyler_soundtracks \"Brian Tyler soundtracks\")\n[Category:Varèse Sarabande soundtracks](/wiki/Category:Var%C3%A8se_Sarabande_soundtracks \"Varèse Sarabande soundtracks\")\n[Category:Alien (franchise) soundtracks](/wiki/Category:Alien_%28franchise%29_soundtracks \"Alien (franchise) soundtracks\")\n[Category:Predator (franchise) soundtracks](/wiki/Category:Predator_%28franchise%29_soundtracks \"Predator (franchise) soundtracks\")\n[Category:Alien vs. Predator (franchise) mass media](/wiki/Category:Alien_vs._Predator_%28franchise%29_mass_media \"Alien vs. Predator (franchise) mass media\")\n[Category:Science fiction film soundtracks](/wiki/Category:Science_fiction_film_soundtracks \"Science fiction film soundtracks\")\n[Category:Action film soundtracks](/wiki/Category:Action_film_soundtracks \"Action film soundtracks\")\n\n"
]
} |
Gulbrandsen | {
"id": [
null
],
"name": [
"72.80.249.241"
]
} | kwszcncuys594sbemkg80gd9xu6urul | 2023-06-16T23:03:03Z | 1,074,432,128 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Gulbrandsen",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"**Gulbrandsen** is a Norwegian language surname, meaning \"son of [Gulbrand](/wiki/Gulbrand \"Gulbrand\")\". Notable people with the surname include:\n\n* [Aase Gulbrandsen](/wiki/Aase_Gulbrandsen \"Aase Gulbrandsen\") (1927–2020\\), Norwegian artist\n* [Andreas Gulbrandsen](/wiki/Andreas_Gulbrandsen \"Andreas Gulbrandsen\") (1906–1989\\), Norwegian chess player\n* [Bjørn Gulbrandsen](/wiki/Bj%C3%B8rn_Gulbrandsen \"Bjørn Gulbrandsen\") (1927–1988\\), Norwegian ice hockey player\n* [Bjørn Oscar Gulbrandsen](/wiki/Bj%C3%B8rn_Oscar_Gulbrandsen \"Bjørn Oscar Gulbrandsen\") (1925–2011\\), Norwegian ice hockey player and yacht racer\n* [Christine Gulbrandsen](/wiki/Christine_Gulbrandsen \"Christine Gulbrandsen\") (born 1985\\), singer and Norwegian entrant in the 2006 Eurovision Song Contest\n* [Fredrik Gulbrandsen](/wiki/Fredrik_Gulbrandsen \"Fredrik Gulbrandsen\") (born 1992\\), Norwegian footballer\n* [Håkon Gulbrandsen](/wiki/H%C3%A5kon_Gulbrandsen \"Håkon Gulbrandsen\") (born 1969\\), Norwegian diplomat and politician for the Socialist Left Party\n* [Hans Martin Gulbrandsen](/wiki/Hans_Martin_Gulbrandsen \"Hans Martin Gulbrandsen\") (1914–1979\\), Norwegian sprint canoeist\n* [Ingrid Gulbrandsen](/wiki/Ingrid_Gulbrandsen \"Ingrid Gulbrandsen\") (1899–1975\\), Norwegian figure skater\n* [Jan Gulbrandsen](/wiki/Jan_Gulbrandsen \"Jan Gulbrandsen\") (1938–2007\\), Norwegian hurdler and sports official\n* [Kate Gulbrandsen](/wiki/Kate_Gulbrandsen \"Kate Gulbrandsen\") (born 1965\\), Norwegian singer\n* [Niclas Gulbrandsen](/wiki/Niclas_Gulbrandsen \"Niclas Gulbrandsen\") (1930–2013\\), Norwegian printmaker\n* [Parley Gulbrandsen](/wiki/Parley_Gulbrandsen \"Parley Gulbrandsen\") (1889–1959\\), Norwegian missionary to China with the Norwegian Evangelical Mission\n* [Per Gulbrandsen](/wiki/Per_Gulbrandsen \"Per Gulbrandsen\") (1897–1963\\), Norwegian rower who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics\n* [Ragnhild Gulbrandsen](/wiki/Ragnhild_Gulbrandsen \"Ragnhild Gulbrandsen\") (born 1977\\), retired Norwegian football striker from Trondheim\n* [Solveig Gulbrandsen](/wiki/Solveig_Gulbrandsen \"Solveig Gulbrandsen\") (born 1981\\), Norwegian footballer from Oslo\n* [Thor\\-Eirik Gulbrandsen](/wiki/Thor-Eirik_Gulbrandsen \"Thor-Eirik Gulbrandsen\") (1940–2014\\), Norwegian politician for the Labour Party\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Gulbrandsen Lake](/wiki/Gulbrandsen_Lake \"Gulbrandsen Lake\") 0\\.5 miles (0\\.8 km) long lying north of Neumayer Glacier in South Georgia\n* [Gulbransen](/wiki/Gulbransen \"Gulbransen\")\n* [Guldbrandsen](/wiki/Guldbrandsen \"Guldbrandsen\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Norwegian\\-language surnames](/wiki/Category:Norwegian-language_surnames \"Norwegian-language surnames\")\n\n"
]
} |
Vogelstein Center for Drama and Film | {
"id": [
31382403
],
"name": [
"BappleBusiness"
]
} | f0txqyjooa1crp8fhu2jmlh5z6wosp7 | 2022-09-16T02:52:21Z | 961,180,044 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n[thumb\\|right\\|The Center for Drama and Film, with the old Avery facade visible to the far right](/wiki/File:Vogelstein_Center_for_Drama_and_Film%2C_May_2014.jpg \"Vogelstein Center for Drama and Film, May 2014.jpg\")\nThe **Vogelstein Center for Drama and Film** is the home to [Vassar College](/wiki/Vassar_College \"Vassar College\")'s drama and film departments. Before its 2003 renovation, the building was known as **Avery Hall**, and before that, the **Calisthenium and Riding Academy**. It was originally designed by [J.A. Wood](/wiki/J.A._Wood \"J.A. Wood\"). It has been adapted to many uses since its construction. A design by [Cesar Pelli](/wiki/Cesar_Pelli \"Cesar Pelli\") turned it into the Center for Drama and Film in 2003\\.[Calisthenium and Riding Academy/ Avery Hall](http://vcencyclopedia.vassar.edu/buildings-grounds/buildings/calisthenium-and-riding-academy-avery-hall.html) Vassar Encyclopedia\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Vassar College buildings](/wiki/Category:Vassar_College_buildings \"Vassar College buildings\")\n[Category:César Pelli buildings](/wiki/Category:C%C3%A9sar_Pelli_buildings \"César Pelli buildings\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Whaleman Foundation | {
"id": [
8999502
],
"name": [
"Wolfgang8741"
]
} | 19bjlmi7zs3847097apeutsebgy4o75 | 2023-06-07T16:41:17Z | 1,146,668,949 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**The Whaleman Foundation** is a [non\\-profit](/wiki/Non-profit \"Non-profit\"), [marine conservation](/wiki/Marine_conservation \"Marine conservation\") organization based in [Lahaina, Hawaii](/wiki/Lahaina%2C_Hawaii \"Lahaina, Hawaii\") in the United States. It [advocates](/wiki/Advocacy \"Advocacy\") for the protection of [cetaceans](/wiki/Cetacea \"Cetacea\") ([whales](/wiki/Whale \"Whale\"), [dolphins](/wiki/Dolphin \"Dolphin\"), and [porpoises](/wiki/Porpoise \"Porpoise\")) and their habitats.\n\nWhaleman was founded by Jeff Pantukhoff. [Hayden Panettiere](/wiki/Hayden_Panettiere \"Hayden Panettiere\") is the spokesperson for the foundation. She has promoted the Foundations' *Save the Whales Again!* campaign since 2008\\.\n\n[http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/television/hayden\\-wants\\-to\\-save\\-the\\-whales/story\\-e6frfmyi\\-1111116410612](http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/television/hayden-wants-to-save-the-whales/story-e6frfmyi-1111116410612) \"The Heroes star is going to auction off two items on eBay to help raise money for her favourite charity, SaveTheWhalesAgain.com.\"\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Environmental organizations based in Hawaii](/wiki/Category:Environmental_organizations_based_in_Hawaii \"Environmental organizations based in Hawaii\")\n[Category:Whale conservation](/wiki/Category:Whale_conservation \"Whale conservation\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Ilderjin | {
"id": [
27446209
],
"name": [
"JJMC89 bot"
]
} | 07vokg9sieookcjdv12tbk2ju26qyxx | 2017-03-20T20:46:55Z | 765,167,418 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n**Ilderjin** (, also [Romanized](/wiki/Romanize \"Romanize\") as **Īlderjīn**, **Īldarchīn**, **Ildarjin**, and **Ildrajīn**; also known as **Andarjīn**, **Enderajīn**, **Enderjīn**, and **Indrājīn**) is a village in [Kharaqan\\-e Sharqi Rural District](/wiki/Kharaqan-e_Sharqi_Rural_District \"Kharaqan-e Sharqi Rural District\"), [Abgarm District](/wiki/Abgarm_District \"Abgarm District\"), [Avaj County](/wiki/Avaj_County \"Avaj County\"), [Qazvin Province](/wiki/Qazvin_Province \"Qazvin Province\"), [Iran](/wiki/Iran \"Iran\"). At the 2006 census, its population was 159, in 54 families.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Populated places in Avaj County](/wiki/Category:Populated_places_in_Avaj_County \"Populated places in Avaj County\")\n\n"
]
} |
Traianus Mucianus | {
"id": [
10778609
],
"name": [
"Rzuwig"
]
} | 4tp39fnyq4p082h5og3obpiuc5dze92 | 2024-05-09T07:11:11Z | 1,064,323,558 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Ancient sources",
"The Mucianus Inscription",
"The Aurelianic Inscriptions",
"Origins",
"Career",
"... In the ranks ...",
"... in the centurionate ...",
"... Equestrian appointments ...",
"Notes",
"Secondary sources cited"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
3,
3,
2,
2,
3,
3,
3,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n**Traianus Mucianus** was a Roman soldier of Thracian origins of the second half of the Third Century AD who rose from the lowest ranks of the army to senior commands. He was almost certainly a remarkable soldier. However, the successive promotions he secured in the latter part of his career are thought to owe much also to the favour shown him by men highly placed in the Imperial entourage whose patronage secured him advantageous postings in the Imperial *[comitatus](/wiki/Comitatenses \"Comitatenses\")*, the mobile field force under the direct command of the Emperor, that was undergoing massive expansion at this time.\n\nIt seems likely that Mucianus's recorded career was passed entirely in military service. However, information relating to his later life is so fragmentary that it is not possible to be certain of this. The evidence can be construed as to read that, after achieving equestrian status (see [Roman equestrian order](/wiki/Roman_equestrian_order \"Roman equestrian order\")), he was from time to time given gubernatorial postings in his home\\-province of *[Thracia](/wiki/Thracia \"Thracia\")* and elsewhere.\n\n",
"Ancient sources\n---------------\n\n### The Mucianus Inscription\n\nThere are no surviving references to Mucianus in contemporary literary sources in either the Latin or the Greek traditions. The only evidence for the details of his career – or, indeed, for his very existence – consists of a single epigraphic inscription in Greek on a monument set up in his honour discovered on the site of *[Augusta Traiana](/wiki/Augusta_Traiana \"Augusta Traiana\")*. This document is dated to the years 268\\-85 AD, perhaps towards the end of that period\n\nThe inscription is badly damaged while the surviving text has many *lacunae* whose possible reconstruction is sometimes disputed by commentators. Furthermore, some sections of the text, particularly in the latter part, are so badly damaged as to make their reconstruction largely speculative\n\nNevertheless, accepting these drawbacks, the Mucianus Inscription is considered by some to give an unusually complete record of the career of a senior officer at a time when the Roman Army was undergoing profound organisational changes. His elevation to the centurionate, and his rise through that body to equestrian status and, hence, the higher levels of command, is thought to be particularly informative of the experiences of officers fortunate enough to have made their careers in the expanded Imperial field army. However, other scholars query how much light the evidence of the inscription actually sheds on the structure of officers' careers in general terms as opposed to the specific instance of Mucianus.\n\n### The Aurelianic Inscriptions\n\nThe interpretation of the Mucianus Inscription is assisted by evidence of two other inscribed monuments honouring two high\\-ranking officers of Thracian origin thought to be brothers, (Marcus) [Aurelius Heraclianus](/wiki/Aurelius_Heraclianus \"Aurelius Heraclianus\")IGBR 3 2, 1568 and (Marcus) Aurelius Apollinarius.IGBR 3 2, 1569\\.. Both of these memorials, like that to Mucianus himself, were discovered at the site of *Augusta Traiana*.\n\nIt is generally accepted that Traianus Mucianus was the dedicator of both the Aurelianic monuments and that he set them up to express his gratitude to the brothers for the influence they had exercised \\- presumably with the Emperor ([Gallienus](/wiki/Gallienus \"Gallienus\")) \\- to the benefit of his career. The particular benefit referred to is discussed below \\- see item 5\\.\n\n",
"### The Mucianus Inscription\n\nThere are no surviving references to Mucianus in contemporary literary sources in either the Latin or the Greek traditions. The only evidence for the details of his career – or, indeed, for his very existence – consists of a single epigraphic inscription in Greek on a monument set up in his honour discovered on the site of *[Augusta Traiana](/wiki/Augusta_Traiana \"Augusta Traiana\")*. This document is dated to the years 268\\-85 AD, perhaps towards the end of that period\n\nThe inscription is badly damaged while the surviving text has many *lacunae* whose possible reconstruction is sometimes disputed by commentators. Furthermore, some sections of the text, particularly in the latter part, are so badly damaged as to make their reconstruction largely speculative\n\nNevertheless, accepting these drawbacks, the Mucianus Inscription is considered by some to give an unusually complete record of the career of a senior officer at a time when the Roman Army was undergoing profound organisational changes. His elevation to the centurionate, and his rise through that body to equestrian status and, hence, the higher levels of command, is thought to be particularly informative of the experiences of officers fortunate enough to have made their careers in the expanded Imperial field army. However, other scholars query how much light the evidence of the inscription actually sheds on the structure of officers' careers in general terms as opposed to the specific instance of Mucianus.\n\n",
"### The Aurelianic Inscriptions\n\nThe interpretation of the Mucianus Inscription is assisted by evidence of two other inscribed monuments honouring two high\\-ranking officers of Thracian origin thought to be brothers, (Marcus) [Aurelius Heraclianus](/wiki/Aurelius_Heraclianus \"Aurelius Heraclianus\")IGBR 3 2, 1568 and (Marcus) Aurelius Apollinarius.IGBR 3 2, 1569\\.. Both of these memorials, like that to Mucianus himself, were discovered at the site of *Augusta Traiana*.\n\nIt is generally accepted that Traianus Mucianus was the dedicator of both the Aurelianic monuments and that he set them up to express his gratitude to the brothers for the influence they had exercised \\- presumably with the Emperor ([Gallienus](/wiki/Gallienus \"Gallienus\")) \\- to the benefit of his career. The particular benefit referred to is discussed below \\- see item 5\\.\n\n",
"Origins\n-------\n\nMucianus's date of birth is not known. Like his presumed patrons, the Brothers Aurelii (see above) he was probably born in *Augusta Traiana*. Nothing is known of his family or their social circumstances.\n\n",
"Career\n------\n\nThe text of the Mucianus Inscription \\- so far as it survives – lists the appointments he held and, often, the rank at which he held them. The Greek gives the equivalents in that language of the Latin terms that would have been used by the Roman Army. These last are listed below insofar as they can be read or deduced from the inscription.\n\n### ... In the ranks ...\n\n1\\. *MILES, COH. I CONCORD...* \\- i.e. served as an infantryman in a cohort of [auxiliary](/wiki/Auxiliaries_%28Roman_military%29 \"Auxiliaries (Roman military)\") infantry, *Cohors I Concord...*;\n2\\. *LEGIONARIUS, LEGIO II PARTHICA* \\- served as a legionary (infantryman) in *[Legio II Parthica](/wiki/Legio_II_Parthica \"Legio II Parthica\")*:\n3\\. *EQUES, COH. VII PRAETORIAE* \\- served as a cavalryman in *Cohors VII*, [Praetorian Guard](/wiki/Praetorian_Guard \"Praetorian Guard\");\n4\\. *EVOCATUS* \\- had served out his time in *Coh. VII* of the Praetorians and had made a sufficiently favourable impression to be then invited to re\\-enlist.\n### ... in the centurionate ...\n\n5\\. *CENTURIO, LEGIO XIII GEMINA, PROTECTOR* \\- promotion to the rank of [Centurion](/wiki/Centurion \"Centurion\") in *[Legio XIII Gemina](/wiki/Legio_XIII_Gemina \"Legio XIII Gemina\")*, with the additional title of *Protector (Augusti Nostri)* (i.e. designating him a member of Gallienus's newly created Imperial Bodyguard)\n6\\. *CENTURIO PROTECTOR VIGILUM; CENTURIO PROTECTOR URBANICIANUS, CENTURIO PROTECTOR COH. V PRAETORII* \\- indicates three successive postings as a *Centurio Protector*, in: (i) the *[Vigiles](/wiki/Vigiles \"Vigiles\")*; (ii) the *Urbaniciani* (i.e. the *[Cohortes Urbanae](/wiki/Cohortes_Urbanae \"Cohortes Urbanae\")*); and (iii) *Coh. V*, Praetorian Guard;\n7\\. *PRINCEPS PROTECT(ORUM)* \\- appointment as the Principal Officer of the *Centuriones Protectores*;\n### ... Equestrian appointments ...\n\n*From this point on the listing of Mucianus's postings is based on reconstructions of the damaged inscription text which are often disputed*; \n\n8\\. *PRIMIPILARIUS, PROTECTOR/E PROTECTORE(?)* \\- becomes a *Primipilarius*. During this time Mucianus was either still a member of the *protectores* or *e protectore* (i.e. 'formerly a *Protector''')*9\\. PRAEFECTUS (CASTRORUM?), LEGIO IIII FLAVIA *\\- appointment as* [Praefectus Castrorum](/wiki/Praefectus_Castrorum \"Praefectus Castrorum\")*(?) in* [Legio IIII Flavia Felix](/wiki/Legio_IIII_Flavia_Felix \"Legio IIII Flavia Felix\")*;*10\\. DUX/PRAEFECTUS CASTRORUM(?), LEGIO IIII FLAVIA ET LEGIO VII CLAUDIA *\\- he was appointed either Commander (*Dux*) or Camp Prefect of a composite force comprising* Legio IIII Flavia Felix *and* [Legio VII Claudia](/wiki/Legio_VII_Claudia \"Legio VII Claudia\") *or detachments of these legions;*11\\. TRIBUNUS(?) LIBURNARIORUM *\\- appointment as a Commander, Fleet Marines, with a rank equivalent to that of a cohort tribune in the* Vigiles*, the* Urbaniciani *or the Praetorians;*12\\. Commands involving PEDITES ET EQUITES MAUROS ET OSROENOS *and* EXPLORATORES *\\- the text is massively corrupted, but may have indicated that Mucianus served with a mixed infantry/cavalry formation attached to the Imperial entourage with scouting responsibilities The term* [Exploratores](/wiki/Exploratores \"Exploratores\") *usually denoted 'spies' or 'scouts';*13\\. DUCENARIUS, PRAEFECTUS *… \\- Mucianus was in* [Mesopotamia](/wiki/Mesopotamia \"Mesopotamia\") *for this posting almost certainly after the reimposition of Roman authority in that province following [Aurelian](/wiki/Aurelian \"Aurelian\")'s suppression of [Zenobia](/wiki/Zenobia \"Zenobia\") of* [Palmyra](/wiki/Palmyra \"Palmyra\")*. The text describing his rank/function is irredeemably corrupt, but one authority suggests that the use of the terms* Ducenarius *and* Praefectus *may indicate that he was the Prefect of* Mesopotamia* with the rank of* Ducenarius * However, other commentators either evade the issue. or imply that Mucianus was exercising a purely military function – perhaps commanding an (unidentified) legion as a* Praefectus Legionis agens vices legati**14\\. PRAEFECTUS (AGENS VICE LEGATI)(?), LEGIO XIII GEMINA *\\- Equestrian commander of* Leg. XIII Gemina*.* Mesopotamia *has been suggested as the location. A date as late as 280 AD has been suggested;*15\\. DUX(?), EQUITES MAURI ET OSROENI *\\- posting as a Commander (*Dux*) of a composite force of Moorish and Osroene Cavalry;*16\\. PRAEFECTUS (AGENS VICE LEGATI?), LEGIO II TRAIANA *\\- Equestrian commander of* [Legio II Traiana Fortis](/wiki/Legio_II_Traiana_Fortis \"Legio II Traiana Fortis\")*. It is conjectured that Mucianus exercised this command in Egypt;*17\\. DUX(?), LEGIO IIII FLAVIA ET LEGIO II ... *\\- posting as the commander of a composite force comprising* Legio IiII Flavia *and one of the legions enumerated* II *or substantial detachments of these formationsWhere Mucianus exercised this command is unknown. However, it is possible that the legion was engaged in one of the wars with Persia undertaken at this time \\- again see* [Legio IIII Flavia Felix](/wiki/Legio_IIII_Flavia_Felix \"Legio IIII Flavia Felix\")*. Alternatively, this command could have been exercised in* Thracia *\\- see below;*18\\. Posting in Thracia*, possibly as governor*Finale\n------\n\nThe surviving inscription ends at this point and there is no further information relating to Mucianus's career. However, it is assumed that he was in Thracia *when his memorial was erected. It is possible that he was then governor of the province, but a military command as a* Dux *is also possible. The inscription can be read either way, but the weight of modern commentary favours* Dux\n\nIt was at one time thought that Mucianus might be identified with the Aurelius Mucianus, who was Praeses *(i.e. governor of equestrian rank) of the province of* [Raetia](/wiki/Raetia \"Raetia\")'' (coincides roughly with Switzerland) under Diocletian. Recent commentators have either specifically rejected this notion or ignored it.\n\n",
"### ... In the ranks ...\n\n1\\. *MILES, COH. I CONCORD...* \\- i.e. served as an infantryman in a cohort of [auxiliary](/wiki/Auxiliaries_%28Roman_military%29 \"Auxiliaries (Roman military)\") infantry, *Cohors I Concord...*;\n2\\. *LEGIONARIUS, LEGIO II PARTHICA* \\- served as a legionary (infantryman) in *[Legio II Parthica](/wiki/Legio_II_Parthica \"Legio II Parthica\")*:\n3\\. *EQUES, COH. VII PRAETORIAE* \\- served as a cavalryman in *Cohors VII*, [Praetorian Guard](/wiki/Praetorian_Guard \"Praetorian Guard\");\n4\\. *EVOCATUS* \\- had served out his time in *Coh. VII* of the Praetorians and had made a sufficiently favourable impression to be then invited to re\\-enlist.\n",
"### ... in the centurionate ...\n\n5\\. *CENTURIO, LEGIO XIII GEMINA, PROTECTOR* \\- promotion to the rank of [Centurion](/wiki/Centurion \"Centurion\") in *[Legio XIII Gemina](/wiki/Legio_XIII_Gemina \"Legio XIII Gemina\")*, with the additional title of *Protector (Augusti Nostri)* (i.e. designating him a member of Gallienus's newly created Imperial Bodyguard)\n6\\. *CENTURIO PROTECTOR VIGILUM; CENTURIO PROTECTOR URBANICIANUS, CENTURIO PROTECTOR COH. V PRAETORII* \\- indicates three successive postings as a *Centurio Protector*, in: (i) the *[Vigiles](/wiki/Vigiles \"Vigiles\")*; (ii) the *Urbaniciani* (i.e. the *[Cohortes Urbanae](/wiki/Cohortes_Urbanae \"Cohortes Urbanae\")*); and (iii) *Coh. V*, Praetorian Guard;\n7\\. *PRINCEPS PROTECT(ORUM)* \\- appointment as the Principal Officer of the *Centuriones Protectores*;\n",
"### ... Equestrian appointments ...\n\n*From this point on the listing of Mucianus's postings is based on reconstructions of the damaged inscription text which are often disputed*; \n\n8\\. *PRIMIPILARIUS, PROTECTOR/E PROTECTORE(?)* \\- becomes a *Primipilarius*. During this time Mucianus was either still a member of the *protectores* or *e protectore* (i.e. 'formerly a *Protector''')*9\\. PRAEFECTUS (CASTRORUM?), LEGIO IIII FLAVIA *\\- appointment as* [Praefectus Castrorum](/wiki/Praefectus_Castrorum \"Praefectus Castrorum\")*(?) in* [Legio IIII Flavia Felix](/wiki/Legio_IIII_Flavia_Felix \"Legio IIII Flavia Felix\")*;*10\\. DUX/PRAEFECTUS CASTRORUM(?), LEGIO IIII FLAVIA ET LEGIO VII CLAUDIA *\\- he was appointed either Commander (*Dux*) or Camp Prefect of a composite force comprising* Legio IIII Flavia Felix *and* [Legio VII Claudia](/wiki/Legio_VII_Claudia \"Legio VII Claudia\") *or detachments of these legions;*11\\. TRIBUNUS(?) LIBURNARIORUM *\\- appointment as a Commander, Fleet Marines, with a rank equivalent to that of a cohort tribune in the* Vigiles*, the* Urbaniciani *or the Praetorians;*12\\. Commands involving PEDITES ET EQUITES MAUROS ET OSROENOS *and* EXPLORATORES *\\- the text is massively corrupted, but may have indicated that Mucianus served with a mixed infantry/cavalry formation attached to the Imperial entourage with scouting responsibilities The term* [Exploratores](/wiki/Exploratores \"Exploratores\") *usually denoted 'spies' or 'scouts';*13\\. DUCENARIUS, PRAEFECTUS *… \\- Mucianus was in* [Mesopotamia](/wiki/Mesopotamia \"Mesopotamia\") *for this posting almost certainly after the reimposition of Roman authority in that province following [Aurelian](/wiki/Aurelian \"Aurelian\")'s suppression of [Zenobia](/wiki/Zenobia \"Zenobia\") of* [Palmyra](/wiki/Palmyra \"Palmyra\")*. The text describing his rank/function is irredeemably corrupt, but one authority suggests that the use of the terms* Ducenarius *and* Praefectus *may indicate that he was the Prefect of* Mesopotamia* with the rank of* Ducenarius * However, other commentators either evade the issue. or imply that Mucianus was exercising a purely military function – perhaps commanding an (unidentified) legion as a* Praefectus Legionis agens vices legati**14\\. PRAEFECTUS (AGENS VICE LEGATI)(?), LEGIO XIII GEMINA *\\- Equestrian commander of* Leg. XIII Gemina*.* Mesopotamia *has been suggested as the location. A date as late as 280 AD has been suggested;*15\\. DUX(?), EQUITES MAURI ET OSROENI *\\- posting as a Commander (*Dux*) of a composite force of Moorish and Osroene Cavalry;*16\\. PRAEFECTUS (AGENS VICE LEGATI?), LEGIO II TRAIANA *\\- Equestrian commander of* [Legio II Traiana Fortis](/wiki/Legio_II_Traiana_Fortis \"Legio II Traiana Fortis\")*. It is conjectured that Mucianus exercised this command in Egypt;*17\\. DUX(?), LEGIO IIII FLAVIA ET LEGIO II ... *\\- posting as the commander of a composite force comprising* Legio IiII Flavia *and one of the legions enumerated* II *or substantial detachments of these formationsWhere Mucianus exercised this command is unknown. However, it is possible that the legion was engaged in one of the wars with Persia undertaken at this time \\- again see* [Legio IIII Flavia Felix](/wiki/Legio_IIII_Flavia_Felix \"Legio IIII Flavia Felix\")*. Alternatively, this command could have been exercised in* Thracia *\\- see below;*18\\. Posting in Thracia*, possibly as governor*Finale\n------\n\nThe surviving inscription ends at this point and there is no further information relating to Mucianus's career. However, it is assumed that he was in Thracia *when his memorial was erected. It is possible that he was then governor of the province, but a military command as a* Dux *is also possible. The inscription can be read either way, but the weight of modern commentary favours* Dux\n\nIt was at one time thought that Mucianus might be identified with the Aurelius Mucianus, who was Praeses *(i.e. governor of equestrian rank) of the province of* [Raetia](/wiki/Raetia \"Raetia\")'' (coincides roughly with Switzerland) under Diocletian. Recent commentators have either specifically rejected this notion or ignored it.\n\n",
"Notes\n-----\n\n",
"Secondary sources cited\n-----------------------\n\n[Category:Ancient Roman generals](/wiki/Category:Ancient_Roman_generals \"Ancient Roman generals\")\n[Category:3rd\\-century Romans](/wiki/Category:3rd-century_Romans \"3rd-century Romans\")\n[Category:Year of birth unknown](/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_unknown \"Year of birth unknown\")\n[Category:Year of death unknown](/wiki/Category:Year_of_death_unknown \"Year of death unknown\")\n[Category:Equestrian commanders of vexillationes](/wiki/Category:Equestrian_commanders_of_vexillationes \"Equestrian commanders of vexillationes\")\n\n"
]
} |
Charrúa language | {
"id": [
7903804
],
"name": [
"Citation bot"
]
} | 01oigm0d3yzi8kmarqr22mdzu04t42y | 2023-01-29T20:38:12Z | 1,134,823,796 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Charrúa** is an extinct [Charruan language](/wiki/Charruan_languages \"Charruan languages\") historically spoken by the [Charrúa people](/wiki/Charr%C3%BAa_people \"Charrúa people\") in southern [Uruguay](/wiki/Uruguay \"Uruguay\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Charruan languages](/wiki/Category:Charruan_languages \"Charruan languages\")\n[Category:Extinct languages of South America](/wiki/Category:Extinct_languages_of_South_America \"Extinct languages of South America\")\n[Category:Chaco linguistic area](/wiki/Category:Chaco_linguistic_area \"Chaco linguistic area\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
The convergence hypothesis | {
"id": [
48163974
],
"name": [
"Hopefulgratitude"
]
} | aj7xajgpfubtu9hrdj9bailhgipzfpg | 2024-08-14T14:48:03Z | 1,170,480,836 | 0 | {
"title": [
"The convergence hypothesis",
"Studies",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"**The convergence hypothesis** suggests that spouses and romantic partners tend to become more alike over time due to their shared environment, repeated interactions, and synchronized routines. For example, partners who often laugh and joke with each other, may experience less stress, which, over the years, may improve their health and social interactions. Yet, as detailed below, this hypothesis was not confirmed by empirical studies. \n\nThe convergence hypothesis became popular among social scientists and was widely used to explain the high levels of observed similarity between spouses and romantic partners in physical, physiological, demographic and psychological characteristics, such as social class, religion, be of similar height, intelligence, education. Yet, empirical research shows that couples do not become more similar over time, but are similar from the outset. The similarity between spouses and romantic partners is explained by [homogamy](/wiki/Homogamy_%28sociology%29 \"Homogamy (sociology)\"), (i.e., being socially and geographically surrounded by similar others) and [homophily](/wiki/Homophily \"Homophily\") (i.e., preference for similar others).\n\n",
"Studies\n-------\n\nThe study by [Zajonc](/wiki/Robert_Zajonc \"Robert Zajonc\") et al. found that the faces of spouses become more similar over time and that this similarity is positively correlated with couples' satisfaction in their marriage. The researchers suggest that this may be due to couples sharing similar environments and experiences, leading to similar facial features as a result. For example, couples who smile frequently may develop similar wrinkles around their eyes as a result.\n\nMore recent studies have called into question the hypothesis that spouses' faces become more similar over time, as suggested by Zajonc, et al For example, Stanford University psychologists, Tea\\-makorn and [Kosinski](/wiki/Michal_Kosinski \"Michal Kosinski\") conducted a study on a sample of 517 married couples using photographs taken at the beginning of their marriages and 20 to 69 years later. They used two independent approaches to measure the similarity of the spouses’ faces: human judges and a modern facial recognition algorithm. Their findings demonstrated that while spouses have similar facial features at the start of their marriage, these features do not continue to become more alike over time.\n\nHinsz found that couples married for 25 years were no more similar in appearance than recently engaged couples. Additionally, Griffith and Kunz found that while student raters were able to match spouses' faces at a level above chance, there was no significant trend of spouses growing to look alike as they lived together.\n\nResearch carried out by psychologists from the [Michigan State University](/wiki/Michigan_State_University \"Michigan State University\"), and the [University of Minnesota](/wiki/University_of_Minnesota \"University of Minnesota\") [M. Brent Donnellan](/wiki/M._Brent_Donnellan \"M. Brent Donnellan\") Mikhila N. Humbad, [William G. Iacono](/wiki/William_Iacono \"William Iacono\"), [Matthew McGue](/wiki/Matt_McGue \"Matt McGue\") and [S. Alexandra Burt](/wiki/S._Alexandra_Burt \"S. Alexandra Burt\") based on a database of 1,296 couples who have been married for an average of 19\\.8 years, suggested that only the degree of [aggressivity](/wiki/Aggressivity \"Aggressivity\") actually tended to converge.They also found that that couples who had been married for up to 39 years were no more alike in fundamental [traits](/wiki/Personality_trait \"Personality trait\") than newlyweds. They concluded that personalities do not grow more similar as years pass. The couples were more likely looking for specific traits during the [courtship](/wiki/Courtship \"Courtship\") period and ended up with persons similar to themselves.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Interpersonal relationships](/wiki/Category:Interpersonal_relationships \"Interpersonal relationships\")\n\n"
]
} |
2012 Malaysia Premier League | {
"id": [
2790592
],
"name": [
"KylieTastic"
]
} | 1e74s9jpedjd3cqqhn120ywxgtzyb40 | 2024-09-30T13:59:30Z | 1,248,605,995 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Teams",
"Team summaries",
"Stadia",
"Personnel and kits",
"Coaching changes",
"League table",
"Results",
"Week 1",
"Week 2",
"Week 3",
"Week 4",
"Week 5",
"Week 6",
"Week 7",
"Week 8",
"Week 9",
"Week 10",
"Week 11",
"Week 12",
"Week 13",
"Week 14",
"Week 15",
"Week 16",
"Week 17",
"Week 18",
"Week 19",
"Week 20",
"Week 21",
"Week 22",
"Results table",
"Play-offs",
"Liga Super/Liga Premier",
"Liga Premier/FAM League",
"Season statistics",
"Top scorers",
"Clean sheets",
"Foreign players",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
3,
4,
4,
3,
2,
2,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
2,
2,
3,
3,
2,
3,
3,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"",
"Teams\n-----\n\nA total of twelve teams will contest the league, including eight sides from the [2011 Liga Premier](/wiki/2011_Liga_Premier \"2011 Liga Premier\") season, two newly promoted teams from [2011 Liga FAM](/wiki/2011_Malaysia_FAM_League \"2011 Malaysia FAM League\") and two relegated teams from the [2011 Liga Super](/wiki/2011_Liga_Super \"2011 Liga Super\") season.\n\n[Pahang](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") and [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\") were relegated from [2011 Liga Super](/wiki/2011_Liga_Super \"2011 Liga Super\") after finishing the season in the bottom two places of the league table.\n\n[2011 Liga FAM](/wiki/2011_Malaysia_FAM_League \"2011 Malaysia FAM League\") champions [Betaria](/wiki/Betaria_F.C. \"Betaria F.C.\") and runner\\-up [MB Johor Bahru](/wiki/MBJB_F.C. \"MBJB F.C.\") secured direct promotion to this season Liga Premier.\n\n* [23px\\|Malaysian Armed Forces](/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Malaysian_Armed_Forces.svg \"Flag of the Malaysian Armed Forces.svg\") [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\")\n* [Betaria](/wiki/Betaria_F.C. \"Betaria F.C.\")1\n* [Harimau Muda B](/wiki/Harimau_Muda_B \"Harimau Muda B\")3\n* [Johor](/wiki/Johor_FA \"Johor FA\")\n* [MB Johor Bahru](/wiki/MBJB_F.C. \"MBJB F.C.\")1\n* [MP Muar](/wiki/MP_Muar_F.C. \"MP Muar F.C.\")\n* [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\")2\n* [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\")2\n* [PDRM](/wiki/PDRM_FA \"PDRM FA\")\n* [Pos Malaysia](/wiki/Pos_Malaysia_F.C. \"Pos Malaysia F.C.\")\n* [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\")\n* [USM](/wiki/USM_F.C. \"USM F.C.\")\nNote: \n\n1Promoted from [2011 Liga FAM](/wiki/2011_Malaysia_FAM_League \"2011 Malaysia FAM League\") \n\n2Relegated from [2011 Liga Super](/wiki/2011_Liga_Super \"2011 Liga Super\") \n\n3[Harimau Muda](/wiki/Harimau_Muda \"Harimau Muda\"), the [national team feeder project team](/wiki/Malaysia_national_football_team \"Malaysia national football team\") was replaced fully with [Harimau Muda B](/wiki/Harimau_Muda_B \"Harimau Muda B\") for this season\n\n### Team summaries\n\n#### Stadia\n\n| Team | Based Location | Current Stadium Location | Stadium | Stadium capacity |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\") | [Petaling Jaya](/wiki/Petaling_Jaya \"Petaling Jaya\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Petaling Jaya](/wiki/Petaling_Jaya \"Petaling Jaya\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Petaling Jaya Stadium](/wiki/Petaling_Jaya_Stadium \"Petaling Jaya Stadium\") | |\n| [Betaria](/wiki/Betaria_F.C. \"Betaria F.C.\") | [Tampin](/wiki/Tampin \"Tampin\"), [Negeri Sembilan](/wiki/Negeri_Sembilan \"Negeri Sembilan\") | [Malacca](/wiki/Malacca \"Malacca\"), [Malacca](/wiki/Malacca \"Malacca\")1 | [Mini Tampin Stadium](/wiki/Mini_Tampin_Stadium \"Mini Tampin Stadium\") | \\+ |\n| [Harimau Muda B](/wiki/Harimau_Muda_B \"Harimau Muda B\") | [Bukit Jalil](/wiki/Bukit_Jalil \"Bukit Jalil\"), [Kuala Lumpur](/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur \"Kuala Lumpur\") | [Bukit Jalil](/wiki/Bukit_Jalil \"Bukit Jalil\"), [Kuala Lumpur](/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur \"Kuala Lumpur\") | [National Stadium, Bukit Jalil](/wiki/National_Stadium%2C_Bukit_Jalil \"National Stadium, Bukit Jalil\") | |\n| [Johor](/wiki/Johor_FA \"Johor FA\")4 | [Johor Bahru](/wiki/Johor_Bahru \"Johor Bahru\"), [Johor](/wiki/Johor \"Johor\") | [Johor Bahru](/wiki/Johor_Bahru \"Johor Bahru\"), [Johor](/wiki/Johor \"Johor\") | [Tan Sri Dato Hj Hassan Yunos Stadium](/wiki/Tan_Sri_Dato_Hj_Hassan_Yunos_Stadium \"Tan Sri Dato Hj Hassan Yunos Stadium\") | |\n| [MB Johor Bahru](/wiki/MBJB_F.C. \"MBJB F.C.\")4 | [Johor Bahru](/wiki/Johor_Bahru \"Johor Bahru\"), [Johor](/wiki/Johor \"Johor\") | [Johor Bahru](/wiki/Johor_Bahru \"Johor Bahru\"), [Johor](/wiki/Johor \"Johor\") | [Tan Sri Dato Hj Hassan Yunos Stadium](/wiki/Tan_Sri_Dato_Hj_Hassan_Yunos_Stadium \"Tan Sri Dato Hj Hassan Yunos Stadium\") | |\n| [MP Muar](/wiki/MP_Muar_F.C. \"MP Muar F.C.\") | [Muar](/wiki/Muar_%28town%29 \"Muar (town)\"), [Johor](/wiki/Johor \"Johor\") | [Muar](/wiki/Muar_%28town%29 \"Muar (town)\"), [Johor](/wiki/Johor \"Johor\") | [Sultan Ibrahim Stadium](/wiki/Sultan_Ibrahim_Stadium \"Sultan Ibrahim Stadium\") | |\n| [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") | [Kuantan](/wiki/Kuantan \"Kuantan\"), [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang \"Pahang\") | [Temerloh](/wiki/Temerloh \"Temerloh\"), [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang \"Pahang\")2 | [Temerloh Mini Stadium](/wiki/Temerloh_Mini_Stadium \"Temerloh Mini Stadium\") | |\n| [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\") | [Kangar](/wiki/Kangar \"Kangar\"), [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis \"Perlis\") | [Kangar](/wiki/Kangar \"Kangar\"), [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis \"Perlis\") | [Utama Stadium](/wiki/Utama_Stadium \"Utama Stadium\") | |\n| [PDRM](/wiki/PDRM_FA \"PDRM FA\") | [Selayang](/wiki/Selayang \"Selayang\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Paroi](/wiki/Paroi \"Paroi\"), [Negeri Sembilan](/wiki/Negeri_Sembilan \"Negeri Sembilan\")3 | [Majlis Perbandaran Selayang Stadium](/wiki/Majlis_Perbandaran_Selayang_Stadium \"Majlis Perbandaran Selayang Stadium\") | |\n| [Pos Malaysia](/wiki/Pos_Malaysia_F.C. \"Pos Malaysia F.C.\") | [Selayang](/wiki/Selayang \"Selayang\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Selayang](/wiki/Selayang \"Selayang\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Majlis Perbandaran Selayang Stadium](/wiki/Majlis_Perbandaran_Selayang_Stadium \"Majlis Perbandaran Selayang Stadium\") | |\n| [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\") | [Selayang](/wiki/Selayang \"Selayang\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Selayang](/wiki/Selayang \"Selayang\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Majlis Perbandaran Selayang Stadium](/wiki/Majlis_Perbandaran_Selayang_Stadium \"Majlis Perbandaran Selayang Stadium\") | |\n| [USM](/wiki/USM_F.C. \"USM F.C.\") | [George Town](/wiki/George_Town%2C_Penang \"George Town, Penang\"), [Penang](/wiki/Penang \"Penang\") | [George Town](/wiki/George_Town%2C_Penang \"George Town, Penang\"), [Penang](/wiki/Penang \"Penang\") | [USM Athletics Stadium](/wiki/USM_Athletics_Stadium \"USM Athletics Stadium\") | \\+ |\n\nNote:\n* \\+ estimated capacity\n* 1 [Betaria](/wiki/Betaria_F.C. \"Betaria F.C.\") currently using [Hang Tuah Stadium](/wiki/Hang_Tuah_Stadium \"Hang Tuah Stadium\") in [Malacca](/wiki/Malacca \"Malacca\"), [Malacca](/wiki/Malacca \"Malacca\")\n* 2 [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") currently using [Temerloh Mini Stadium](/wiki/Temerloh_Mini_Stadium \"Temerloh Mini Stadium\") in [Temerloh](/wiki/Temerloh \"Temerloh\"), [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang \"Pahang\")\n* 3 [PDRM](/wiki/PDRM_FA \"PDRM FA\") currently using [Tuanku Abdul Rahman Stadium](/wiki/Tuanku_Abdul_Rahman_Stadium \"Tuanku Abdul Rahman Stadium\") in [Paroi](/wiki/Paroi \"Paroi\"), [Negeri Sembilan](/wiki/Negeri_Sembilan \"Negeri Sembilan\")\n* 4 Both [Johor](/wiki/Johor_FA \"Johor FA\") and [MB Johor Bahru](/wiki/MBJB_F.C. \"MBJB F.C.\") used [Pasir Gudang Corporation Stadium](/wiki/Pasir_Gudang_Corporation_Stadium \"Pasir Gudang Corporation Stadium\") in [Pasir Gudang](/wiki/Pasir_Gudang \"Pasir Gudang\") and [Sultan Ibrahim Stadium](/wiki/Sultan_Ibrahim_Stadium \"Sultan Ibrahim Stadium\") in [Muar](/wiki/Muar_%28town%29 \"Muar (town)\") respectively from January until the end of March 2012\\.\n\n#### Personnel and kits\n\nNote: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under [FIFA](/wiki/FIFA \"FIFA\") eligibility rules. Players and Managers may hold more than one non\\-FIFA nationality.\n\n| Team | Manager | Coach | Captain | Kit manufacturer | Shirt sponsor |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\") | [B. Sathianathan](/wiki/B._Sathianathan \"B. Sathianathan\") | [B. Sathianathan](/wiki/B._Sathianathan \"B. Sathianathan\") | [Hairuddin Omar](/wiki/Hairuddin_Omar \"Hairuddin Omar\") | [Umbro](/wiki/Umbro \"Umbro\") | [ATM](http://www.mafhq.mil.my/) |\n| [Betaria](/wiki/Betaria_F.C. \"Betaria F.C.\") | [S. Sivashanmugam](/wiki/S._Sivashanmugam \"S. Sivashanmugam\") | [Azuan Zain](/wiki/Azuan_Zain \"Azuan Zain\") | | [Kappa](/wiki/Kappa_%28company%29 \"Kappa (company)\") | |\n| [Harimau Muda B](/wiki/Harimau_Muda_B \"Harimau Muda B\") | [Datuk Astaman Abdul Aziz](/wiki/Datuk_Astaman_Abdul_Aziz \"Datuk Astaman Abdul Aziz\") | [Ismail Ibrahim](/wiki/Ismail_Ibrahim_%28football_coach%29 \"Ismail Ibrahim (football coach)\") | [Muhammad Akram Mahinan](/wiki/Muhammad_Akram_Mahinan \"Muhammad Akram Mahinan\") | [Nike](/wiki/Nike%2C_Inc. \"Nike, Inc.\") | |\n| [Johor](/wiki/Johor_FA \"Johor FA\") | [Fandi Ahmad](/wiki/Fandi_Ahmad \"Fandi Ahmad\") | [K. Sukumaran](/wiki/Kunjappan_Sukumaran \"Kunjappan Sukumaran\") | [Nazrulerwan Makmor](/wiki/Nazrulerwan_Makmor \"Nazrulerwan Makmor\") | [Lotto](/wiki/Lotto_Sport_Italia \"Lotto Sport Italia\") | [Kulim (M) Berhad](https://web.archive.org/web/20120420031920/http://www.kulim.com.my/html/) |\n| [MB Johor Bahru](/wiki/MBJB_F.C. \"MBJB F.C.\") | [Wan Azmi Wan Ahmad](/wiki/Wan_Azmi_Wan_Ahmad \"Wan Azmi Wan Ahmad\") | [Mohamed Khairudin Abdul Rahman](/wiki/Mohamed_Khairudin_Abdul_Rahman \"Mohamed Khairudin Abdul Rahman\") | [Dalibor Dragic](/wiki/Dalibor_Dragic \"Dalibor Dragic\") | | |\n| [MP Muar](/wiki/MP_Muar_F.C. \"MP Muar F.C.\") | [Mohd Nazrun Mahmud](/wiki/Mohd_Nazrun_Mahmud \"Mohd Nazrun Mahmud\") | [Abdul Nasir Yusof](/wiki/Abdul_Nasir_Yusof \"Abdul Nasir Yusof\") | | [Kronos](/wiki/Kronos_%28sportswear%29 \"Kronos (sportswear)\") | Interpacific |\n| [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") | [Che Nasir Salleh](/wiki/Che_Nasir_Salleh \"Che Nasir Salleh\") | [Dollah Salleh](/wiki/Dollah_Salleh \"Dollah Salleh\") | [Jalaluddin Jaafar](/wiki/Jalaluddin_Jaafar \"Jalaluddin Jaafar\") | [Lotto](/wiki/Lotto_%28sportswear%29 \"Lotto (sportswear)\") | [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang \"Pahang\") |\n| [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\") | [Azahar Ahmad](/wiki/Azahar_Ahmad \"Azahar Ahmad\") | [Robert Scully](/wiki/Robert_Scully_%28Malaysia_football_player%29 \"Robert Scully (Malaysia football player)\") | | [Kubba](/wiki/Kubba_%28sportswear%29 \"Kubba (sportswear)\") | [kubbaonline.com](https://web.archive.org/web/20131021181145/http://kubbaonline.com/index.php?route=common%2Fhome) |\n| [PDRM](/wiki/PDRM_FA \"PDRM FA\") | [Zulkifli Mohamad](/wiki/Zulkifli_Mohamad \"Zulkifli Mohamad\") | [R. Nallathamby](/wiki/R._Nallathamby \"R. Nallathamby\") | [Mohd Afif Amiruddin](/wiki/Mohd_Afif_Amiruddin \"Mohd Afif Amiruddin\") | Line7 | [Al Jabbar](https://web.archive.org/web/20120409140827/http://www.aljabbar.com.my/) |\n| [Pos Malaysia](/wiki/Pos_Malaysia_F.C. \"Pos Malaysia F.C.\") | [Shaari Shazali](/wiki/Shaari_Shazali \"Shaari Shazali\") | [G. Torairaju](/wiki/G._Torairaju \"G. Torairaju\") | [Azmeer Yusof](/wiki/Azmeer_Yusof \"Azmeer Yusof\") | [Joma](/wiki/Joma \"Joma\") | [Pos Malaysia](https://web.archive.org/web/20120413074917/http://www.pos.com.my/pos/homepage.aspx) |\n| [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\") | [Tengku Datuk Seri Ahmad Shah](/wiki/Tengku_Datuk_Seri_Ahmad_Shah \"Tengku Datuk Seri Ahmad Shah\") | | | [Kappa](/wiki/Kappa_%28company%29 \"Kappa (company)\") | [Sime Darby](http://www.simedarby.com/) |\n| [USM](/wiki/USM_F.C. \"USM F.C.\") | [Mohd Azizuddin Mohd Shariff](/wiki/Mohd_Azizuddin_Mohd_Shariff \"Mohd Azizuddin Mohd Shariff\") | | [Shariman Che Omar](/wiki/Shariman_Che_Omar \"Shariman Che Omar\") | [Joma](/wiki/Joma \"Joma\") | |\n\nNike has produced a new match ball, named the T90 Tracer, which will be electric blue, black and white and also a high\\-visibility version in yellow. Additionally, [Lotto](/wiki/Lotto_Sport_Italia \"Lotto Sport Italia\") will provide officials with new kits in black, yellow, and red for the season.\n\n### Coaching changes\n\n| Club | Outgoing Head Coach | Date of vacancy | Manner of departure | Incoming Head Coach | Date of appointment |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\") | [Abdullah Hassan](/wiki/Abdullah_Hassan \"Abdullah Hassan\") | 31 May 2012 | Resigned | [Robert Scully](/wiki/Robert_Scully_%28Malaysia_football_player%29 \"Robert Scully (Malaysia football player)\") | 5 June 2012 |\n|\n\n",
"### Team summaries\n\n#### Stadia\n\n| Team | Based Location | Current Stadium Location | Stadium | Stadium capacity |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\") | [Petaling Jaya](/wiki/Petaling_Jaya \"Petaling Jaya\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Petaling Jaya](/wiki/Petaling_Jaya \"Petaling Jaya\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Petaling Jaya Stadium](/wiki/Petaling_Jaya_Stadium \"Petaling Jaya Stadium\") | |\n| [Betaria](/wiki/Betaria_F.C. \"Betaria F.C.\") | [Tampin](/wiki/Tampin \"Tampin\"), [Negeri Sembilan](/wiki/Negeri_Sembilan \"Negeri Sembilan\") | [Malacca](/wiki/Malacca \"Malacca\"), [Malacca](/wiki/Malacca \"Malacca\")1 | [Mini Tampin Stadium](/wiki/Mini_Tampin_Stadium \"Mini Tampin Stadium\") | \\+ |\n| [Harimau Muda B](/wiki/Harimau_Muda_B \"Harimau Muda B\") | [Bukit Jalil](/wiki/Bukit_Jalil \"Bukit Jalil\"), [Kuala Lumpur](/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur \"Kuala Lumpur\") | [Bukit Jalil](/wiki/Bukit_Jalil \"Bukit Jalil\"), [Kuala Lumpur](/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur \"Kuala Lumpur\") | [National Stadium, Bukit Jalil](/wiki/National_Stadium%2C_Bukit_Jalil \"National Stadium, Bukit Jalil\") | |\n| [Johor](/wiki/Johor_FA \"Johor FA\")4 | [Johor Bahru](/wiki/Johor_Bahru \"Johor Bahru\"), [Johor](/wiki/Johor \"Johor\") | [Johor Bahru](/wiki/Johor_Bahru \"Johor Bahru\"), [Johor](/wiki/Johor \"Johor\") | [Tan Sri Dato Hj Hassan Yunos Stadium](/wiki/Tan_Sri_Dato_Hj_Hassan_Yunos_Stadium \"Tan Sri Dato Hj Hassan Yunos Stadium\") | |\n| [MB Johor Bahru](/wiki/MBJB_F.C. \"MBJB F.C.\")4 | [Johor Bahru](/wiki/Johor_Bahru \"Johor Bahru\"), [Johor](/wiki/Johor \"Johor\") | [Johor Bahru](/wiki/Johor_Bahru \"Johor Bahru\"), [Johor](/wiki/Johor \"Johor\") | [Tan Sri Dato Hj Hassan Yunos Stadium](/wiki/Tan_Sri_Dato_Hj_Hassan_Yunos_Stadium \"Tan Sri Dato Hj Hassan Yunos Stadium\") | |\n| [MP Muar](/wiki/MP_Muar_F.C. \"MP Muar F.C.\") | [Muar](/wiki/Muar_%28town%29 \"Muar (town)\"), [Johor](/wiki/Johor \"Johor\") | [Muar](/wiki/Muar_%28town%29 \"Muar (town)\"), [Johor](/wiki/Johor \"Johor\") | [Sultan Ibrahim Stadium](/wiki/Sultan_Ibrahim_Stadium \"Sultan Ibrahim Stadium\") | |\n| [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") | [Kuantan](/wiki/Kuantan \"Kuantan\"), [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang \"Pahang\") | [Temerloh](/wiki/Temerloh \"Temerloh\"), [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang \"Pahang\")2 | [Temerloh Mini Stadium](/wiki/Temerloh_Mini_Stadium \"Temerloh Mini Stadium\") | |\n| [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\") | [Kangar](/wiki/Kangar \"Kangar\"), [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis \"Perlis\") | [Kangar](/wiki/Kangar \"Kangar\"), [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis \"Perlis\") | [Utama Stadium](/wiki/Utama_Stadium \"Utama Stadium\") | |\n| [PDRM](/wiki/PDRM_FA \"PDRM FA\") | [Selayang](/wiki/Selayang \"Selayang\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Paroi](/wiki/Paroi \"Paroi\"), [Negeri Sembilan](/wiki/Negeri_Sembilan \"Negeri Sembilan\")3 | [Majlis Perbandaran Selayang Stadium](/wiki/Majlis_Perbandaran_Selayang_Stadium \"Majlis Perbandaran Selayang Stadium\") | |\n| [Pos Malaysia](/wiki/Pos_Malaysia_F.C. \"Pos Malaysia F.C.\") | [Selayang](/wiki/Selayang \"Selayang\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Selayang](/wiki/Selayang \"Selayang\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Majlis Perbandaran Selayang Stadium](/wiki/Majlis_Perbandaran_Selayang_Stadium \"Majlis Perbandaran Selayang Stadium\") | |\n| [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\") | [Selayang](/wiki/Selayang \"Selayang\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Selayang](/wiki/Selayang \"Selayang\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Majlis Perbandaran Selayang Stadium](/wiki/Majlis_Perbandaran_Selayang_Stadium \"Majlis Perbandaran Selayang Stadium\") | |\n| [USM](/wiki/USM_F.C. \"USM F.C.\") | [George Town](/wiki/George_Town%2C_Penang \"George Town, Penang\"), [Penang](/wiki/Penang \"Penang\") | [George Town](/wiki/George_Town%2C_Penang \"George Town, Penang\"), [Penang](/wiki/Penang \"Penang\") | [USM Athletics Stadium](/wiki/USM_Athletics_Stadium \"USM Athletics Stadium\") | \\+ |\n\nNote:\n* \\+ estimated capacity\n* 1 [Betaria](/wiki/Betaria_F.C. \"Betaria F.C.\") currently using [Hang Tuah Stadium](/wiki/Hang_Tuah_Stadium \"Hang Tuah Stadium\") in [Malacca](/wiki/Malacca \"Malacca\"), [Malacca](/wiki/Malacca \"Malacca\")\n* 2 [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") currently using [Temerloh Mini Stadium](/wiki/Temerloh_Mini_Stadium \"Temerloh Mini Stadium\") in [Temerloh](/wiki/Temerloh \"Temerloh\"), [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang \"Pahang\")\n* 3 [PDRM](/wiki/PDRM_FA \"PDRM FA\") currently using [Tuanku Abdul Rahman Stadium](/wiki/Tuanku_Abdul_Rahman_Stadium \"Tuanku Abdul Rahman Stadium\") in [Paroi](/wiki/Paroi \"Paroi\"), [Negeri Sembilan](/wiki/Negeri_Sembilan \"Negeri Sembilan\")\n* 4 Both [Johor](/wiki/Johor_FA \"Johor FA\") and [MB Johor Bahru](/wiki/MBJB_F.C. \"MBJB F.C.\") used [Pasir Gudang Corporation Stadium](/wiki/Pasir_Gudang_Corporation_Stadium \"Pasir Gudang Corporation Stadium\") in [Pasir Gudang](/wiki/Pasir_Gudang \"Pasir Gudang\") and [Sultan Ibrahim Stadium](/wiki/Sultan_Ibrahim_Stadium \"Sultan Ibrahim Stadium\") in [Muar](/wiki/Muar_%28town%29 \"Muar (town)\") respectively from January until the end of March 2012\\.\n\n#### Personnel and kits\n\nNote: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under [FIFA](/wiki/FIFA \"FIFA\") eligibility rules. Players and Managers may hold more than one non\\-FIFA nationality.\n\n| Team | Manager | Coach | Captain | Kit manufacturer | Shirt sponsor |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\") | [B. Sathianathan](/wiki/B._Sathianathan \"B. Sathianathan\") | [B. Sathianathan](/wiki/B._Sathianathan \"B. Sathianathan\") | [Hairuddin Omar](/wiki/Hairuddin_Omar \"Hairuddin Omar\") | [Umbro](/wiki/Umbro \"Umbro\") | [ATM](http://www.mafhq.mil.my/) |\n| [Betaria](/wiki/Betaria_F.C. \"Betaria F.C.\") | [S. Sivashanmugam](/wiki/S._Sivashanmugam \"S. Sivashanmugam\") | [Azuan Zain](/wiki/Azuan_Zain \"Azuan Zain\") | | [Kappa](/wiki/Kappa_%28company%29 \"Kappa (company)\") | |\n| [Harimau Muda B](/wiki/Harimau_Muda_B \"Harimau Muda B\") | [Datuk Astaman Abdul Aziz](/wiki/Datuk_Astaman_Abdul_Aziz \"Datuk Astaman Abdul Aziz\") | [Ismail Ibrahim](/wiki/Ismail_Ibrahim_%28football_coach%29 \"Ismail Ibrahim (football coach)\") | [Muhammad Akram Mahinan](/wiki/Muhammad_Akram_Mahinan \"Muhammad Akram Mahinan\") | [Nike](/wiki/Nike%2C_Inc. \"Nike, Inc.\") | |\n| [Johor](/wiki/Johor_FA \"Johor FA\") | [Fandi Ahmad](/wiki/Fandi_Ahmad \"Fandi Ahmad\") | [K. Sukumaran](/wiki/Kunjappan_Sukumaran \"Kunjappan Sukumaran\") | [Nazrulerwan Makmor](/wiki/Nazrulerwan_Makmor \"Nazrulerwan Makmor\") | [Lotto](/wiki/Lotto_Sport_Italia \"Lotto Sport Italia\") | [Kulim (M) Berhad](https://web.archive.org/web/20120420031920/http://www.kulim.com.my/html/) |\n| [MB Johor Bahru](/wiki/MBJB_F.C. \"MBJB F.C.\") | [Wan Azmi Wan Ahmad](/wiki/Wan_Azmi_Wan_Ahmad \"Wan Azmi Wan Ahmad\") | [Mohamed Khairudin Abdul Rahman](/wiki/Mohamed_Khairudin_Abdul_Rahman \"Mohamed Khairudin Abdul Rahman\") | [Dalibor Dragic](/wiki/Dalibor_Dragic \"Dalibor Dragic\") | | |\n| [MP Muar](/wiki/MP_Muar_F.C. \"MP Muar F.C.\") | [Mohd Nazrun Mahmud](/wiki/Mohd_Nazrun_Mahmud \"Mohd Nazrun Mahmud\") | [Abdul Nasir Yusof](/wiki/Abdul_Nasir_Yusof \"Abdul Nasir Yusof\") | | [Kronos](/wiki/Kronos_%28sportswear%29 \"Kronos (sportswear)\") | Interpacific |\n| [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") | [Che Nasir Salleh](/wiki/Che_Nasir_Salleh \"Che Nasir Salleh\") | [Dollah Salleh](/wiki/Dollah_Salleh \"Dollah Salleh\") | [Jalaluddin Jaafar](/wiki/Jalaluddin_Jaafar \"Jalaluddin Jaafar\") | [Lotto](/wiki/Lotto_%28sportswear%29 \"Lotto (sportswear)\") | [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang \"Pahang\") |\n| [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\") | [Azahar Ahmad](/wiki/Azahar_Ahmad \"Azahar Ahmad\") | [Robert Scully](/wiki/Robert_Scully_%28Malaysia_football_player%29 \"Robert Scully (Malaysia football player)\") | | [Kubba](/wiki/Kubba_%28sportswear%29 \"Kubba (sportswear)\") | [kubbaonline.com](https://web.archive.org/web/20131021181145/http://kubbaonline.com/index.php?route=common%2Fhome) |\n| [PDRM](/wiki/PDRM_FA \"PDRM FA\") | [Zulkifli Mohamad](/wiki/Zulkifli_Mohamad \"Zulkifli Mohamad\") | [R. Nallathamby](/wiki/R._Nallathamby \"R. Nallathamby\") | [Mohd Afif Amiruddin](/wiki/Mohd_Afif_Amiruddin \"Mohd Afif Amiruddin\") | Line7 | [Al Jabbar](https://web.archive.org/web/20120409140827/http://www.aljabbar.com.my/) |\n| [Pos Malaysia](/wiki/Pos_Malaysia_F.C. \"Pos Malaysia F.C.\") | [Shaari Shazali](/wiki/Shaari_Shazali \"Shaari Shazali\") | [G. Torairaju](/wiki/G._Torairaju \"G. Torairaju\") | [Azmeer Yusof](/wiki/Azmeer_Yusof \"Azmeer Yusof\") | [Joma](/wiki/Joma \"Joma\") | [Pos Malaysia](https://web.archive.org/web/20120413074917/http://www.pos.com.my/pos/homepage.aspx) |\n| [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\") | [Tengku Datuk Seri Ahmad Shah](/wiki/Tengku_Datuk_Seri_Ahmad_Shah \"Tengku Datuk Seri Ahmad Shah\") | | | [Kappa](/wiki/Kappa_%28company%29 \"Kappa (company)\") | [Sime Darby](http://www.simedarby.com/) |\n| [USM](/wiki/USM_F.C. \"USM F.C.\") | [Mohd Azizuddin Mohd Shariff](/wiki/Mohd_Azizuddin_Mohd_Shariff \"Mohd Azizuddin Mohd Shariff\") | | [Shariman Che Omar](/wiki/Shariman_Che_Omar \"Shariman Che Omar\") | [Joma](/wiki/Joma \"Joma\") | |\n\nNike has produced a new match ball, named the T90 Tracer, which will be electric blue, black and white and also a high\\-visibility version in yellow. Additionally, [Lotto](/wiki/Lotto_Sport_Italia \"Lotto Sport Italia\") will provide officials with new kits in black, yellow, and red for the season.\n\n",
"#### Stadia\n\n| Team | Based Location | Current Stadium Location | Stadium | Stadium capacity |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\") | [Petaling Jaya](/wiki/Petaling_Jaya \"Petaling Jaya\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Petaling Jaya](/wiki/Petaling_Jaya \"Petaling Jaya\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Petaling Jaya Stadium](/wiki/Petaling_Jaya_Stadium \"Petaling Jaya Stadium\") | |\n| [Betaria](/wiki/Betaria_F.C. \"Betaria F.C.\") | [Tampin](/wiki/Tampin \"Tampin\"), [Negeri Sembilan](/wiki/Negeri_Sembilan \"Negeri Sembilan\") | [Malacca](/wiki/Malacca \"Malacca\"), [Malacca](/wiki/Malacca \"Malacca\")1 | [Mini Tampin Stadium](/wiki/Mini_Tampin_Stadium \"Mini Tampin Stadium\") | \\+ |\n| [Harimau Muda B](/wiki/Harimau_Muda_B \"Harimau Muda B\") | [Bukit Jalil](/wiki/Bukit_Jalil \"Bukit Jalil\"), [Kuala Lumpur](/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur \"Kuala Lumpur\") | [Bukit Jalil](/wiki/Bukit_Jalil \"Bukit Jalil\"), [Kuala Lumpur](/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur \"Kuala Lumpur\") | [National Stadium, Bukit Jalil](/wiki/National_Stadium%2C_Bukit_Jalil \"National Stadium, Bukit Jalil\") | |\n| [Johor](/wiki/Johor_FA \"Johor FA\")4 | [Johor Bahru](/wiki/Johor_Bahru \"Johor Bahru\"), [Johor](/wiki/Johor \"Johor\") | [Johor Bahru](/wiki/Johor_Bahru \"Johor Bahru\"), [Johor](/wiki/Johor \"Johor\") | [Tan Sri Dato Hj Hassan Yunos Stadium](/wiki/Tan_Sri_Dato_Hj_Hassan_Yunos_Stadium \"Tan Sri Dato Hj Hassan Yunos Stadium\") | |\n| [MB Johor Bahru](/wiki/MBJB_F.C. \"MBJB F.C.\")4 | [Johor Bahru](/wiki/Johor_Bahru \"Johor Bahru\"), [Johor](/wiki/Johor \"Johor\") | [Johor Bahru](/wiki/Johor_Bahru \"Johor Bahru\"), [Johor](/wiki/Johor \"Johor\") | [Tan Sri Dato Hj Hassan Yunos Stadium](/wiki/Tan_Sri_Dato_Hj_Hassan_Yunos_Stadium \"Tan Sri Dato Hj Hassan Yunos Stadium\") | |\n| [MP Muar](/wiki/MP_Muar_F.C. \"MP Muar F.C.\") | [Muar](/wiki/Muar_%28town%29 \"Muar (town)\"), [Johor](/wiki/Johor \"Johor\") | [Muar](/wiki/Muar_%28town%29 \"Muar (town)\"), [Johor](/wiki/Johor \"Johor\") | [Sultan Ibrahim Stadium](/wiki/Sultan_Ibrahim_Stadium \"Sultan Ibrahim Stadium\") | |\n| [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") | [Kuantan](/wiki/Kuantan \"Kuantan\"), [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang \"Pahang\") | [Temerloh](/wiki/Temerloh \"Temerloh\"), [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang \"Pahang\")2 | [Temerloh Mini Stadium](/wiki/Temerloh_Mini_Stadium \"Temerloh Mini Stadium\") | |\n| [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\") | [Kangar](/wiki/Kangar \"Kangar\"), [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis \"Perlis\") | [Kangar](/wiki/Kangar \"Kangar\"), [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis \"Perlis\") | [Utama Stadium](/wiki/Utama_Stadium \"Utama Stadium\") | |\n| [PDRM](/wiki/PDRM_FA \"PDRM FA\") | [Selayang](/wiki/Selayang \"Selayang\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Paroi](/wiki/Paroi \"Paroi\"), [Negeri Sembilan](/wiki/Negeri_Sembilan \"Negeri Sembilan\")3 | [Majlis Perbandaran Selayang Stadium](/wiki/Majlis_Perbandaran_Selayang_Stadium \"Majlis Perbandaran Selayang Stadium\") | |\n| [Pos Malaysia](/wiki/Pos_Malaysia_F.C. \"Pos Malaysia F.C.\") | [Selayang](/wiki/Selayang \"Selayang\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Selayang](/wiki/Selayang \"Selayang\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Majlis Perbandaran Selayang Stadium](/wiki/Majlis_Perbandaran_Selayang_Stadium \"Majlis Perbandaran Selayang Stadium\") | |\n| [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\") | [Selayang](/wiki/Selayang \"Selayang\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Selayang](/wiki/Selayang \"Selayang\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\") | [Majlis Perbandaran Selayang Stadium](/wiki/Majlis_Perbandaran_Selayang_Stadium \"Majlis Perbandaran Selayang Stadium\") | |\n| [USM](/wiki/USM_F.C. \"USM F.C.\") | [George Town](/wiki/George_Town%2C_Penang \"George Town, Penang\"), [Penang](/wiki/Penang \"Penang\") | [George Town](/wiki/George_Town%2C_Penang \"George Town, Penang\"), [Penang](/wiki/Penang \"Penang\") | [USM Athletics Stadium](/wiki/USM_Athletics_Stadium \"USM Athletics Stadium\") | \\+ |\n\nNote:\n* \\+ estimated capacity\n* 1 [Betaria](/wiki/Betaria_F.C. \"Betaria F.C.\") currently using [Hang Tuah Stadium](/wiki/Hang_Tuah_Stadium \"Hang Tuah Stadium\") in [Malacca](/wiki/Malacca \"Malacca\"), [Malacca](/wiki/Malacca \"Malacca\")\n* 2 [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") currently using [Temerloh Mini Stadium](/wiki/Temerloh_Mini_Stadium \"Temerloh Mini Stadium\") in [Temerloh](/wiki/Temerloh \"Temerloh\"), [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang \"Pahang\")\n* 3 [PDRM](/wiki/PDRM_FA \"PDRM FA\") currently using [Tuanku Abdul Rahman Stadium](/wiki/Tuanku_Abdul_Rahman_Stadium \"Tuanku Abdul Rahman Stadium\") in [Paroi](/wiki/Paroi \"Paroi\"), [Negeri Sembilan](/wiki/Negeri_Sembilan \"Negeri Sembilan\")\n* 4 Both [Johor](/wiki/Johor_FA \"Johor FA\") and [MB Johor Bahru](/wiki/MBJB_F.C. \"MBJB F.C.\") used [Pasir Gudang Corporation Stadium](/wiki/Pasir_Gudang_Corporation_Stadium \"Pasir Gudang Corporation Stadium\") in [Pasir Gudang](/wiki/Pasir_Gudang \"Pasir Gudang\") and [Sultan Ibrahim Stadium](/wiki/Sultan_Ibrahim_Stadium \"Sultan Ibrahim Stadium\") in [Muar](/wiki/Muar_%28town%29 \"Muar (town)\") respectively from January until the end of March 2012\\.\n\n",
"#### Personnel and kits\n\nNote: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under [FIFA](/wiki/FIFA \"FIFA\") eligibility rules. Players and Managers may hold more than one non\\-FIFA nationality.\n\n| Team | Manager | Coach | Captain | Kit manufacturer | Shirt sponsor |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\") | [B. Sathianathan](/wiki/B._Sathianathan \"B. Sathianathan\") | [B. Sathianathan](/wiki/B._Sathianathan \"B. Sathianathan\") | [Hairuddin Omar](/wiki/Hairuddin_Omar \"Hairuddin Omar\") | [Umbro](/wiki/Umbro \"Umbro\") | [ATM](http://www.mafhq.mil.my/) |\n| [Betaria](/wiki/Betaria_F.C. \"Betaria F.C.\") | [S. Sivashanmugam](/wiki/S._Sivashanmugam \"S. Sivashanmugam\") | [Azuan Zain](/wiki/Azuan_Zain \"Azuan Zain\") | | [Kappa](/wiki/Kappa_%28company%29 \"Kappa (company)\") | |\n| [Harimau Muda B](/wiki/Harimau_Muda_B \"Harimau Muda B\") | [Datuk Astaman Abdul Aziz](/wiki/Datuk_Astaman_Abdul_Aziz \"Datuk Astaman Abdul Aziz\") | [Ismail Ibrahim](/wiki/Ismail_Ibrahim_%28football_coach%29 \"Ismail Ibrahim (football coach)\") | [Muhammad Akram Mahinan](/wiki/Muhammad_Akram_Mahinan \"Muhammad Akram Mahinan\") | [Nike](/wiki/Nike%2C_Inc. \"Nike, Inc.\") | |\n| [Johor](/wiki/Johor_FA \"Johor FA\") | [Fandi Ahmad](/wiki/Fandi_Ahmad \"Fandi Ahmad\") | [K. Sukumaran](/wiki/Kunjappan_Sukumaran \"Kunjappan Sukumaran\") | [Nazrulerwan Makmor](/wiki/Nazrulerwan_Makmor \"Nazrulerwan Makmor\") | [Lotto](/wiki/Lotto_Sport_Italia \"Lotto Sport Italia\") | [Kulim (M) Berhad](https://web.archive.org/web/20120420031920/http://www.kulim.com.my/html/) |\n| [MB Johor Bahru](/wiki/MBJB_F.C. \"MBJB F.C.\") | [Wan Azmi Wan Ahmad](/wiki/Wan_Azmi_Wan_Ahmad \"Wan Azmi Wan Ahmad\") | [Mohamed Khairudin Abdul Rahman](/wiki/Mohamed_Khairudin_Abdul_Rahman \"Mohamed Khairudin Abdul Rahman\") | [Dalibor Dragic](/wiki/Dalibor_Dragic \"Dalibor Dragic\") | | |\n| [MP Muar](/wiki/MP_Muar_F.C. \"MP Muar F.C.\") | [Mohd Nazrun Mahmud](/wiki/Mohd_Nazrun_Mahmud \"Mohd Nazrun Mahmud\") | [Abdul Nasir Yusof](/wiki/Abdul_Nasir_Yusof \"Abdul Nasir Yusof\") | | [Kronos](/wiki/Kronos_%28sportswear%29 \"Kronos (sportswear)\") | Interpacific |\n| [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") | [Che Nasir Salleh](/wiki/Che_Nasir_Salleh \"Che Nasir Salleh\") | [Dollah Salleh](/wiki/Dollah_Salleh \"Dollah Salleh\") | [Jalaluddin Jaafar](/wiki/Jalaluddin_Jaafar \"Jalaluddin Jaafar\") | [Lotto](/wiki/Lotto_%28sportswear%29 \"Lotto (sportswear)\") | [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang \"Pahang\") |\n| [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\") | [Azahar Ahmad](/wiki/Azahar_Ahmad \"Azahar Ahmad\") | [Robert Scully](/wiki/Robert_Scully_%28Malaysia_football_player%29 \"Robert Scully (Malaysia football player)\") | | [Kubba](/wiki/Kubba_%28sportswear%29 \"Kubba (sportswear)\") | [kubbaonline.com](https://web.archive.org/web/20131021181145/http://kubbaonline.com/index.php?route=common%2Fhome) |\n| [PDRM](/wiki/PDRM_FA \"PDRM FA\") | [Zulkifli Mohamad](/wiki/Zulkifli_Mohamad \"Zulkifli Mohamad\") | [R. Nallathamby](/wiki/R._Nallathamby \"R. Nallathamby\") | [Mohd Afif Amiruddin](/wiki/Mohd_Afif_Amiruddin \"Mohd Afif Amiruddin\") | Line7 | [Al Jabbar](https://web.archive.org/web/20120409140827/http://www.aljabbar.com.my/) |\n| [Pos Malaysia](/wiki/Pos_Malaysia_F.C. \"Pos Malaysia F.C.\") | [Shaari Shazali](/wiki/Shaari_Shazali \"Shaari Shazali\") | [G. Torairaju](/wiki/G._Torairaju \"G. Torairaju\") | [Azmeer Yusof](/wiki/Azmeer_Yusof \"Azmeer Yusof\") | [Joma](/wiki/Joma \"Joma\") | [Pos Malaysia](https://web.archive.org/web/20120413074917/http://www.pos.com.my/pos/homepage.aspx) |\n| [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\") | [Tengku Datuk Seri Ahmad Shah](/wiki/Tengku_Datuk_Seri_Ahmad_Shah \"Tengku Datuk Seri Ahmad Shah\") | | | [Kappa](/wiki/Kappa_%28company%29 \"Kappa (company)\") | [Sime Darby](http://www.simedarby.com/) |\n| [USM](/wiki/USM_F.C. \"USM F.C.\") | [Mohd Azizuddin Mohd Shariff](/wiki/Mohd_Azizuddin_Mohd_Shariff \"Mohd Azizuddin Mohd Shariff\") | | [Shariman Che Omar](/wiki/Shariman_Che_Omar \"Shariman Che Omar\") | [Joma](/wiki/Joma \"Joma\") | |\n\nNike has produced a new match ball, named the T90 Tracer, which will be electric blue, black and white and also a high\\-visibility version in yellow. Additionally, [Lotto](/wiki/Lotto_Sport_Italia \"Lotto Sport Italia\") will provide officials with new kits in black, yellow, and red for the season.\n\n",
"### Coaching changes\n\n| Club | Outgoing Head Coach | Date of vacancy | Manner of departure | Incoming Head Coach | Date of appointment |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\") | [Abdullah Hassan](/wiki/Abdullah_Hassan \"Abdullah Hassan\") | 31 May 2012 | Resigned | [Robert Scully](/wiki/Robert_Scully_%28Malaysia_football_player%29 \"Robert Scully (Malaysia football player)\") | 5 June 2012 |\n|\n\n",
"League table\n------------\n\n",
"Results\n-------\n\nFixtures and Results of the 2012 Liga Premier season.\n\n### Week 1\n\n### Week 2\n\n### Week 3\n\n### Week 4\n\nNote:\n* The [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\") \\- [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\") match was originally set to be played on the Friday 20th but was postponed due to heavy rain when [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\") were leading 2:0\\. The game was replayed the next day which [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\") went on to win 2:1\n\n### Week 5\n\n### Week 6\n\n### Week 7\n\n### Week 8\n\n### Week 9\n\n### Week 10\n\n### Week 11\n\n### Week 12\n\nNote:\n* The venue for the match between [Harimau Muda B](/wiki/Harimau_Muda_B \"Harimau Muda B\") and [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\") was changed from [National Stadium, Bukit Jalil](/wiki/National_Stadium%2C_Bukit_Jalil \"National Stadium, Bukit Jalil\") to [UiTM Stadium](/wiki/UiTM_Stadium \"UiTM Stadium\"), [Shah Alam](/wiki/Shah_Alam \"Shah Alam\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\")\n\n### Week 13\n\n### Week 14\n\n### Week 15\n\n### Week 16\n\n### Week 17\n\n### Week 18\n\n### Week 19\n\n### Week 20\n\n### Week 21\n\n### Week 22\n\n",
"### Week 1\n\n",
"### Week 2\n\n",
"### Week 3\n\n",
"### Week 4\n\nNote:\n* The [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\") \\- [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\") match was originally set to be played on the Friday 20th but was postponed due to heavy rain when [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\") were leading 2:0\\. The game was replayed the next day which [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\") went on to win 2:1\n\n",
"### Week 5\n\n",
"### Week 6\n\n",
"### Week 7\n\n",
"### Week 8\n\n",
"### Week 9\n\n",
"### Week 10\n\n",
"### Week 11\n\n",
"### Week 12\n\nNote:\n* The venue for the match between [Harimau Muda B](/wiki/Harimau_Muda_B \"Harimau Muda B\") and [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\") was changed from [National Stadium, Bukit Jalil](/wiki/National_Stadium%2C_Bukit_Jalil \"National Stadium, Bukit Jalil\") to [UiTM Stadium](/wiki/UiTM_Stadium \"UiTM Stadium\"), [Shah Alam](/wiki/Shah_Alam \"Shah Alam\"), [Selangor](/wiki/Selangor \"Selangor\")\n\n",
"### Week 13\n\n",
"### Week 14\n\n",
"### Week 15\n\n",
"### Week 16\n\n",
"### Week 17\n\n",
"### Week 18\n\n",
"### Week 19\n\n",
"### Week 20\n\n",
"### Week 21\n\n",
"### Week 22\n\n",
"Results table\n-------------\n\n",
"Play\\-offs\n----------\n\n### Liga Super/Liga Premier\n\nThe play\\-off matches to determine promotion and relegation will be held at [Hang Tuah Stadium](/wiki/Hang_Tuah_Stadium \"Hang Tuah Stadium\") and [Hang Jebat Stadium](/wiki/Hang_Jebat_Stadium \"Hang Jebat Stadium\"), [Malacca](/wiki/Malacca \"Malacca\") from 17 July to 19 July 2012, as next season Liga Super will be reduced to 12 teams from 14 teams this season. Team that finished 11th in the Liga Super, [Sarawak](/wiki/Sarawak_FA \"Sarawak FA\") will meet second placed team in Liga Premier, [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") while team that finished 12th in the Liga Super, [Kedah](/wiki/Kedah_FA \"Kedah FA\") will meet team that finished 13th in the Liga Super, [Sabah](/wiki/Sabah_FA \"Sabah FA\"). The winner of both semi\\-final match will meet in the final to determine who will stay in the [2013 Liga Super](/wiki/2013_Liga_Super \"2013 Liga Super\"). The winner will stay in the Liga Super; the other 3 teams will be relegated to [2013 Liga Premier](/wiki/2013_Liga_Premier \"2013 Liga Premier\").\n\nSemi Final 1\n\n---\n\nSemi Final 2\n\n---\n\nFinal\n\n### Liga Premier/FAM League\n\nThe play\\-off matches to determine promotion and relegation was held at [Hang Tuah Stadium](/wiki/Hang_Tuah_Stadium \"Hang Tuah Stadium\") and [Hang Jebat Stadium](/wiki/Hang_Jebat_Stadium \"Hang Jebat Stadium\"), [Malacca](/wiki/Malacca \"Malacca\") on 17 July 2012\\. Team that finished 7th in the Liga Premier, [Pos Malaysia](/wiki/Pos_Malaysia_F.C. \"Pos Malaysia F.C.\") met second placed team in FAM League, [Shahzan Muda](/wiki/Shahzan_Muda_F.C. \"Shahzan Muda F.C.\"), while team that finished 9th in the Liga Premier, [MP Muar](/wiki/MP_Muar_F.C. \"MP Muar F.C.\") met team that finished 10th in the Liga Premier, [Betaria](/wiki/Betaria_F.C. \"Betaria F.C.\"). The winner of both matches stay in the Liga Premier; the losing teams will be relegated to [2013 Liga FAM](/wiki/2013_Malaysia_FAM_League \"2013 Malaysia FAM League\").\n\nPos Malaysia and MP Muar won their respective matches and thus stay in Liga Premier next season. Losing teams are Shahzan Muda and Betaria; both will play in FAM League next season. Later, as a result of MP Muar decision to pull out of the league, another play\\-off match was arranged between Betaria and [UiTM](/wiki/UiTM_F.C. \"UiTM F.C.\"), the 3rd place club in the FAM League. Betaria won the match and retained their place in the Liga Premier.\n\nMatch 1\n\n---\n\nMatch 2\n\n---\n\nMatch 3\n\n",
"### Liga Super/Liga Premier\n\nThe play\\-off matches to determine promotion and relegation will be held at [Hang Tuah Stadium](/wiki/Hang_Tuah_Stadium \"Hang Tuah Stadium\") and [Hang Jebat Stadium](/wiki/Hang_Jebat_Stadium \"Hang Jebat Stadium\"), [Malacca](/wiki/Malacca \"Malacca\") from 17 July to 19 July 2012, as next season Liga Super will be reduced to 12 teams from 14 teams this season. Team that finished 11th in the Liga Super, [Sarawak](/wiki/Sarawak_FA \"Sarawak FA\") will meet second placed team in Liga Premier, [Pahang](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") while team that finished 12th in the Liga Super, [Kedah](/wiki/Kedah_FA \"Kedah FA\") will meet team that finished 13th in the Liga Super, [Sabah](/wiki/Sabah_FA \"Sabah FA\"). The winner of both semi\\-final match will meet in the final to determine who will stay in the [2013 Liga Super](/wiki/2013_Liga_Super \"2013 Liga Super\"). The winner will stay in the Liga Super; the other 3 teams will be relegated to [2013 Liga Premier](/wiki/2013_Liga_Premier \"2013 Liga Premier\").\n\nSemi Final 1\n\n---\n\nSemi Final 2\n\n---\n\nFinal\n\n",
"### Liga Premier/FAM League\n\nThe play\\-off matches to determine promotion and relegation was held at [Hang Tuah Stadium](/wiki/Hang_Tuah_Stadium \"Hang Tuah Stadium\") and [Hang Jebat Stadium](/wiki/Hang_Jebat_Stadium \"Hang Jebat Stadium\"), [Malacca](/wiki/Malacca \"Malacca\") on 17 July 2012\\. Team that finished 7th in the Liga Premier, [Pos Malaysia](/wiki/Pos_Malaysia_F.C. \"Pos Malaysia F.C.\") met second placed team in FAM League, [Shahzan Muda](/wiki/Shahzan_Muda_F.C. \"Shahzan Muda F.C.\"), while team that finished 9th in the Liga Premier, [MP Muar](/wiki/MP_Muar_F.C. \"MP Muar F.C.\") met team that finished 10th in the Liga Premier, [Betaria](/wiki/Betaria_F.C. \"Betaria F.C.\"). The winner of both matches stay in the Liga Premier; the losing teams will be relegated to [2013 Liga FAM](/wiki/2013_Malaysia_FAM_League \"2013 Malaysia FAM League\").\n\nPos Malaysia and MP Muar won their respective matches and thus stay in Liga Premier next season. Losing teams are Shahzan Muda and Betaria; both will play in FAM League next season. Later, as a result of MP Muar decision to pull out of the league, another play\\-off match was arranged between Betaria and [UiTM](/wiki/UiTM_F.C. \"UiTM F.C.\"), the 3rd place club in the FAM League. Betaria won the match and retained their place in the Liga Premier.\n\nMatch 1\n\n---\n\nMatch 2\n\n---\n\nMatch 3\n\n",
"Season statistics\n-----------------\n\n### Top scorers\n\n| Rank | Scorer | Club | Goal |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1\n\n [Khairul Izuan Abdullah](/wiki/Khairul_Izuan_Abdullah \"Khairul Izuan Abdullah\") |\n [PDRM](/wiki/PDRM_FA \"PDRM FA\") |\n 27 |\n| 2\n\n [Marlon Alex James](/wiki/Marlon_Alex_James \"Marlon Alex James\") |\n [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\") |\n 21 |\n| 3\n\n [Patrick Wleh](/wiki/Patrick_Wleh \"Patrick Wleh\") |\n [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\") |\n 13 |\n| 4\n\n [Hairuddin Omar](/wiki/Hairuddin_Omar \"Hairuddin Omar\") |\n [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\") |\n 12 |\n| 5\n\n [Mohd Alafi Mahmud](/wiki/Mohd_Alafi_Mahmud \"Mohd Alafi Mahmud\") |\n [MUAR](/wiki/MP_Muar_F.C. \"MP Muar F.C.\") |\n 9 |\n| [Mohd Azamuddin Md Akil](/wiki/Mohd_Azamuddin_Md_Akil \"Mohd Azamuddin Md Akil\") | [PHG](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") | 9 |\n| [Lamin Conteh](/wiki/Muhammad_Lamin_Conteh_Al-Hidayah \"Muhammad Lamin Conteh Al-Hidayah\") | [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\") | 9 |\n| 8\n\n [S. Veenod](/wiki/S._Veenod \"S. Veenod\") |\n [USM](/wiki/USM_FC \"USM FC\") |\n 8 |\n| 9\n\n Edrisar Kaye |\n [USM](/wiki/USM_FC \"USM FC\") |\n 7 |\n| [Muriel Orlando](/wiki/Muriel_Orlando \"Muriel Orlando\") | [JHR](/wiki/Johor_FA \"Johor FA\") | 7 |\n| 11\n\n [Mohd Zamri Hassan](/wiki/Mohd_Zamri_Hassan \"Mohd Zamri Hassan\") |\n [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\") |\n 6 |\n| 12\n\n [Azmi Sarmin](/wiki/Azmi_Sarmin \"Azmi Sarmin\") |\n [MBJB](/wiki/MBJB_FC \"MBJB FC\") |\n 5 |\n| [Kordell Devone Samuel](/wiki/Kordell_Devone_Samuel \"Kordell Devone Samuel\") | [PDRM](/wiki/PDRM_FA \"PDRM FA\") | 5 |\n| [G. Puaneswaran](/wiki/G._Puaneswaran \"G. Puaneswaran\") | [POS](/wiki/Pos_Malaysia_FC \"Pos Malaysia FC\") | 5 |\n| 15\n\n [Bruno Martelotto](/wiki/Bruno_Martelotto \"Bruno Martelotto\") |\n [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\") |\n 4 |\n| [Fauzi Abd Kadar](/wiki/Fauzi_Abd_Kadar \"Fauzi Abd Kadar\") | [BET](/wiki/Betaria_FC \"Betaria FC\") | 4 |\n| [Norhamizaref Hamid](/wiki/Norhamizaref_Hamid \"Norhamizaref Hamid\") | [Harimau Muda B](/wiki/Harimau_Muda_B \"Harimau Muda B\") | 4 |\n| Fauzzi Kassim | [JHR](/wiki/Johor_FA \"Johor FA\") | 4 |\n| [Khairul Anwar Shaharudin](/wiki/Khairul_Anwar_Shaharudin \"Khairul Anwar Shaharudin\") | [MUAR](/wiki/MP_Muar_F.C. \"MP Muar F.C.\") | 4 |\n| [Fauzi Roslan](/wiki/Fauzi_Roslan \"Fauzi Roslan\") | [PHG](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") | 4 |\n| Mohd Hazuan Mohd Daud | [PHG](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") | 4 |\n| [Eduard Sakhnevich](/wiki/Eduard_Sakhnevich \"Eduard Sakhnevich\") | [PHG](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") | 4 |\n| [Mohd Hanifuddin Abdul Rahman](/wiki/Mohd_Hanifuddin_Abdul_Rahman \"Mohd Hanifuddin Abdul Rahman\") | [POS](/wiki/Pos_Malaysia_FC \"Pos Malaysia FC\") | 4 |\n| [Henry Lewis](/wiki/Henry_Lewis_%28footballer%29 \"Henry Lewis (footballer)\") | [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\") | 4 |\n| 25\n\n [Christie Jayaseelan](/wiki/Christie_Jayaseelan \"Christie Jayaseelan\") |\n [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\") |\n 3 |\n| [Mohd Zaquan Adha](/wiki/Mohd_Zaquan_Adha \"Mohd Zaquan Adha\") | [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\") | 3 |\n| [Mohd Saufi Ibrahim](/wiki/Mohd_Saufi_Ibrahim \"Mohd Saufi Ibrahim\") | [BET](/wiki/Betaria_FC \"Betaria FC\") | 3 |\n| [Michael Chukwubunna](/wiki/Michael_Chukwubunna \"Michael Chukwubunna\") | [BET](/wiki/Betaria_FC \"Betaria FC\") | 3 |\n| [Muhd Hadin Azman](/wiki/Muhd_Hadin_Azman \"Muhd Hadin Azman\") | [Harimau Muda B](/wiki/Harimau_Muda_B \"Harimau Muda B\") | 3 |\n| [Mohd Hamzani Omar](/wiki/Mohd_Hamzani_Omar \"Mohd Hamzani Omar\") | [JHR](/wiki/Johor_FA \"Johor FA\") | 3 |\n| [Mohd Ezaidy Khadar](/wiki/Mohd_Ezaidy_Khadar \"Mohd Ezaidy Khadar\") | [MUAR](/wiki/MP_Muar_F.C. \"MP Muar F.C.\") | 3 |\n| [Abdul Malik Arif](/wiki/Abdul_Malik_Arif \"Abdul Malik Arif\") | [PHG](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") | 3 |\n| [R.Gopinathan](/wiki/R.Gopinathan \"R.Gopinathan\") | [PHG](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") | 3 |\n| [Maycon Carvalho Inez](/wiki/Maycon_Carvalho_Inez \"Maycon Carvalho Inez\") | [PHG](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") | 3 |\n| [Fauzi Abd Majid](/wiki/Fauzi_Abd_Majid \"Fauzi Abd Majid\") | [PDRM](/wiki/PDRM_FA \"PDRM FA\") | 3 |\n| [Mohd Rizal Mohd Ghazali](/wiki/Mohd_Rizal_Mohd_Ghazali \"Mohd Rizal Mohd Ghazali\") | [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\") | 3 |\n| [Fakhrul Aiman](/wiki/Fakhrul_Aiman \"Fakhrul Aiman\") | [POS](/wiki/Pos_Malaysia_FC \"Pos Malaysia FC\") | 3 |\n| [Mohd Hafizi Amiruddin](/wiki/Mohd_Hafizi_Amiruddin \"Mohd Hafizi Amiruddin\") | [POS](/wiki/Pos_Malaysia_FC \"Pos Malaysia FC\") | 3 |\n| [Irme Mat](/wiki/Irme_Mat \"Irme Mat\") | [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\") | 3 |\n| [Razali Umar Kandasamy](/wiki/Razali_Umar_Kandasamy \"Razali Umar Kandasamy\") | [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\") | 3 |\n| Sengbah Kennedy | [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\") | 3 |\n| [Afzan Zainal Abidin](/wiki/Afzan_Zainal_Abidin \"Afzan Zainal Abidin\") | [USM](/wiki/USM_FC \"USM FC\") | 3 |\n| [Khairul Anwar Idris](/wiki/Khairul_Anwar_Idris \"Khairul Anwar Idris\") | [USM](/wiki/USM_FC \"USM FC\") | 3 |\n| [Jerome Katende](/wiki/Jerome_Katende \"Jerome Katende\") | [USM](/wiki/USM_FC \"USM FC\") | 3 |\n|\n\n### Clean sheets\n\n* Most [clean sheets](/wiki/Clean_Sheet \"Clean Sheet\"): **4**\n\t+ [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\")\n* Fewest clean sheets: **0**\n\t+ [MB Johor Bahru](/wiki/MBJB_F.C. \"MBJB F.C.\")\n\t+ [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\")\n\t+ [Harimau Muda B](/wiki/Harimau_Muda_B \"Harimau Muda B\")\n\t+ [MP Muar](/wiki/MP_Muar_F.C. \"MP Muar F.C.\")\n",
"### Top scorers\n\n| Rank | Scorer | Club | Goal |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1\n\n [Khairul Izuan Abdullah](/wiki/Khairul_Izuan_Abdullah \"Khairul Izuan Abdullah\") |\n [PDRM](/wiki/PDRM_FA \"PDRM FA\") |\n 27 |\n| 2\n\n [Marlon Alex James](/wiki/Marlon_Alex_James \"Marlon Alex James\") |\n [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\") |\n 21 |\n| 3\n\n [Patrick Wleh](/wiki/Patrick_Wleh \"Patrick Wleh\") |\n [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\") |\n 13 |\n| 4\n\n [Hairuddin Omar](/wiki/Hairuddin_Omar \"Hairuddin Omar\") |\n [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\") |\n 12 |\n| 5\n\n [Mohd Alafi Mahmud](/wiki/Mohd_Alafi_Mahmud \"Mohd Alafi Mahmud\") |\n [MUAR](/wiki/MP_Muar_F.C. \"MP Muar F.C.\") |\n 9 |\n| [Mohd Azamuddin Md Akil](/wiki/Mohd_Azamuddin_Md_Akil \"Mohd Azamuddin Md Akil\") | [PHG](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") | 9 |\n| [Lamin Conteh](/wiki/Muhammad_Lamin_Conteh_Al-Hidayah \"Muhammad Lamin Conteh Al-Hidayah\") | [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\") | 9 |\n| 8\n\n [S. Veenod](/wiki/S._Veenod \"S. Veenod\") |\n [USM](/wiki/USM_FC \"USM FC\") |\n 8 |\n| 9\n\n Edrisar Kaye |\n [USM](/wiki/USM_FC \"USM FC\") |\n 7 |\n| [Muriel Orlando](/wiki/Muriel_Orlando \"Muriel Orlando\") | [JHR](/wiki/Johor_FA \"Johor FA\") | 7 |\n| 11\n\n [Mohd Zamri Hassan](/wiki/Mohd_Zamri_Hassan \"Mohd Zamri Hassan\") |\n [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\") |\n 6 |\n| 12\n\n [Azmi Sarmin](/wiki/Azmi_Sarmin \"Azmi Sarmin\") |\n [MBJB](/wiki/MBJB_FC \"MBJB FC\") |\n 5 |\n| [Kordell Devone Samuel](/wiki/Kordell_Devone_Samuel \"Kordell Devone Samuel\") | [PDRM](/wiki/PDRM_FA \"PDRM FA\") | 5 |\n| [G. Puaneswaran](/wiki/G._Puaneswaran \"G. Puaneswaran\") | [POS](/wiki/Pos_Malaysia_FC \"Pos Malaysia FC\") | 5 |\n| 15\n\n [Bruno Martelotto](/wiki/Bruno_Martelotto \"Bruno Martelotto\") |\n [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\") |\n 4 |\n| [Fauzi Abd Kadar](/wiki/Fauzi_Abd_Kadar \"Fauzi Abd Kadar\") | [BET](/wiki/Betaria_FC \"Betaria FC\") | 4 |\n| [Norhamizaref Hamid](/wiki/Norhamizaref_Hamid \"Norhamizaref Hamid\") | [Harimau Muda B](/wiki/Harimau_Muda_B \"Harimau Muda B\") | 4 |\n| Fauzzi Kassim | [JHR](/wiki/Johor_FA \"Johor FA\") | 4 |\n| [Khairul Anwar Shaharudin](/wiki/Khairul_Anwar_Shaharudin \"Khairul Anwar Shaharudin\") | [MUAR](/wiki/MP_Muar_F.C. \"MP Muar F.C.\") | 4 |\n| [Fauzi Roslan](/wiki/Fauzi_Roslan \"Fauzi Roslan\") | [PHG](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") | 4 |\n| Mohd Hazuan Mohd Daud | [PHG](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") | 4 |\n| [Eduard Sakhnevich](/wiki/Eduard_Sakhnevich \"Eduard Sakhnevich\") | [PHG](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") | 4 |\n| [Mohd Hanifuddin Abdul Rahman](/wiki/Mohd_Hanifuddin_Abdul_Rahman \"Mohd Hanifuddin Abdul Rahman\") | [POS](/wiki/Pos_Malaysia_FC \"Pos Malaysia FC\") | 4 |\n| [Henry Lewis](/wiki/Henry_Lewis_%28footballer%29 \"Henry Lewis (footballer)\") | [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\") | 4 |\n| 25\n\n [Christie Jayaseelan](/wiki/Christie_Jayaseelan \"Christie Jayaseelan\") |\n [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\") |\n 3 |\n| [Mohd Zaquan Adha](/wiki/Mohd_Zaquan_Adha \"Mohd Zaquan Adha\") | [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\") | 3 |\n| [Mohd Saufi Ibrahim](/wiki/Mohd_Saufi_Ibrahim \"Mohd Saufi Ibrahim\") | [BET](/wiki/Betaria_FC \"Betaria FC\") | 3 |\n| [Michael Chukwubunna](/wiki/Michael_Chukwubunna \"Michael Chukwubunna\") | [BET](/wiki/Betaria_FC \"Betaria FC\") | 3 |\n| [Muhd Hadin Azman](/wiki/Muhd_Hadin_Azman \"Muhd Hadin Azman\") | [Harimau Muda B](/wiki/Harimau_Muda_B \"Harimau Muda B\") | 3 |\n| [Mohd Hamzani Omar](/wiki/Mohd_Hamzani_Omar \"Mohd Hamzani Omar\") | [JHR](/wiki/Johor_FA \"Johor FA\") | 3 |\n| [Mohd Ezaidy Khadar](/wiki/Mohd_Ezaidy_Khadar \"Mohd Ezaidy Khadar\") | [MUAR](/wiki/MP_Muar_F.C. \"MP Muar F.C.\") | 3 |\n| [Abdul Malik Arif](/wiki/Abdul_Malik_Arif \"Abdul Malik Arif\") | [PHG](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") | 3 |\n| [R.Gopinathan](/wiki/R.Gopinathan \"R.Gopinathan\") | [PHG](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") | 3 |\n| [Maycon Carvalho Inez](/wiki/Maycon_Carvalho_Inez \"Maycon Carvalho Inez\") | [PHG](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\") | 3 |\n| [Fauzi Abd Majid](/wiki/Fauzi_Abd_Majid \"Fauzi Abd Majid\") | [PDRM](/wiki/PDRM_FA \"PDRM FA\") | 3 |\n| [Mohd Rizal Mohd Ghazali](/wiki/Mohd_Rizal_Mohd_Ghazali \"Mohd Rizal Mohd Ghazali\") | [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\") | 3 |\n| [Fakhrul Aiman](/wiki/Fakhrul_Aiman \"Fakhrul Aiman\") | [POS](/wiki/Pos_Malaysia_FC \"Pos Malaysia FC\") | 3 |\n| [Mohd Hafizi Amiruddin](/wiki/Mohd_Hafizi_Amiruddin \"Mohd Hafizi Amiruddin\") | [POS](/wiki/Pos_Malaysia_FC \"Pos Malaysia FC\") | 3 |\n| [Irme Mat](/wiki/Irme_Mat \"Irme Mat\") | [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\") | 3 |\n| [Razali Umar Kandasamy](/wiki/Razali_Umar_Kandasamy \"Razali Umar Kandasamy\") | [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\") | 3 |\n| Sengbah Kennedy | [Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\") | 3 |\n| [Afzan Zainal Abidin](/wiki/Afzan_Zainal_Abidin \"Afzan Zainal Abidin\") | [USM](/wiki/USM_FC \"USM FC\") | 3 |\n| [Khairul Anwar Idris](/wiki/Khairul_Anwar_Idris \"Khairul Anwar Idris\") | [USM](/wiki/USM_FC \"USM FC\") | 3 |\n| [Jerome Katende](/wiki/Jerome_Katende \"Jerome Katende\") | [USM](/wiki/USM_FC \"USM FC\") | 3 |\n|\n\n",
"### Clean sheets\n\n* Most [clean sheets](/wiki/Clean_Sheet \"Clean Sheet\"): **4**\n\t+ [ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\")\n* Fewest clean sheets: **0**\n\t+ [MB Johor Bahru](/wiki/MBJB_F.C. \"MBJB F.C.\")\n\t+ [Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\")\n\t+ [Harimau Muda B](/wiki/Harimau_Muda_B \"Harimau Muda B\")\n\t+ [MP Muar](/wiki/MP_Muar_F.C. \"MP Muar F.C.\")\n",
"Foreign players\n---------------\n\n| Club | Visa 1 | Visa 2 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| **[ATM](/wiki/ATM_FA \"ATM FA\")** | [Bruno Martelotto](/wiki/Bruno_Martelotto \"Bruno Martelotto\") | [Marlon Alex James](/wiki/Marlon_Alex_James \"Marlon Alex James\") |\n| **[Betaria](/wiki/Betaria_F.C. \"Betaria F.C.\")** | [Ijezie Michael Chukwubunna](/wiki/Ijezie_Michael_Chukwubunna \"Ijezie Michael Chukwubunna\") | [Junior John Bamidale Emmanuel](/wiki/Junior_John_Bamidale_Emmanuel \"Junior John Bamidale Emmanuel\") |\n| **[Harimau Muda B](/wiki/Harimau_Muda_B \"Harimau Muda B\")**\\* | None | None |\n| **[Johor](/wiki/Johor_FA \"Johor FA\")** | [André Francisco Williams Rocha da Silva](/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Francisco_Williams_Rocha_da_Silva \"André Francisco Williams Rocha da Silva\") | [Muriel Orlando](/wiki/Muriel_Orlando \"Muriel Orlando\") |\n| **[MB Johor Bahru](/wiki/MBJB_F.C. \"MBJB F.C.\")** | [Fokim Fon Fondo](/wiki/Fokim_Fon_Fondo \"Fokim Fon Fondo\") | [Dalibor Dragic](/wiki/Dalibor_Dragic \"Dalibor Dragic\") |\n| **[MP Muar](/wiki/MP_Muar_F.C. \"MP Muar F.C.\")** | [Evans Chisulo](/wiki/Evans_Chisulo \"Evans Chisulo\") | [Hillary Echesa](/wiki/Hillary_Echesa \"Hillary Echesa\") |\n| **[Pahang](/wiki/Pahang_FA \"Pahang FA\")** | [Boris Kochkin](/wiki/Boris_Kochkin \"Boris Kochkin\") | [Maycon Carvalho Inez](/wiki/Maycon_Carvalho_Inez \"Maycon Carvalho Inez\") |\n| **[Perlis](/wiki/Perlis_FA \"Perlis FA\")** | [Lamin Conteh](/wiki/Lamin_Conteh \"Lamin Conteh\") | [Mahmadu Alphajor Bah](/wiki/Mahmadu_Alphajor_Bah \"Mahmadu Alphajor Bah\") |\n| **[PDRM](/wiki/PDRM_FA \"PDRM FA\")** | [Samuel Kordell](/wiki/Samuel_Kordell \"Samuel Kordell\") | |\n| **[Pos Malaysia](/wiki/Pos_Malaysia_F.C. \"Pos Malaysia F.C.\")** | | |\n| **[Sime Darby](/wiki/Sime_Darby_F.C. \"Sime Darby F.C.\")** | [Patrick Ronaldinho Wleh](/wiki/Patrick_Wleh \"Patrick Wleh\") | [Leandro Teofilo Santos Pinto](/wiki/Leandro_Teofilo_Santos_Pinto \"Leandro Teofilo Santos Pinto\") |\n| **[USM](/wiki/USM_F.C. \"USM F.C.\")** | Edrisar Kaye | [Katende Joram](/wiki/Katende_Joram \"Katende Joram\") |\n|\n\nNote:\n* \\* Harimau Muda B will not be permitted any foreign player as the team represents the [Malaysia national under\\-19 football team](/wiki/Malaysia_national_under-19_football_team \"Malaysia national under-19 football team\")\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [List of Liga Premier seasons](/wiki/List_of_Liga_Premier_seasons \"List of Liga Premier seasons\")\n* [2012 Liga Super](/wiki/2012_Liga_Super \"2012 Liga Super\")\n* [2012 Liga FAM](/wiki/2012_Malaysia_FAM_League \"2012 Malaysia FAM League\")\n* [2012 Piala FA](/wiki/2012_Piala_FA \"2012 Piala FA\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Football Association of Malaysia](http://www.fam.org.my)\n* [2012 Liga Premier statistics](https://int.soccerway.com/national/malaysia/premier-league/2012/)\n\n[Category:Malaysia Premier League seasons](/wiki/Category:Malaysia_Premier_League_seasons \"Malaysia Premier League seasons\")\n[2](/wiki/Category:2012_in_Malaysian_football_leagues \"2012 in Malaysian football leagues\")\n[Malaysia](/wiki/Category:2011%E2%80%9312_in_Asian_second_tier_association_football_leagues \"2011–12 in Asian second tier association football leagues\")\n[Malaysia](/wiki/Category:2012%E2%80%9313_in_Asian_second_tier_association_football_leagues \"2012–13 in Asian second tier association football leagues\")\n\n"
]
} |
Guan Gong (TV series) | {
"id": [
29463730
],
"name": [
"PrimeBOT"
]
} | 3upjvkpiuirzd6q9bvosr3u6g9203o1 | 2023-09-03T21:00:31Z | 1,160,061,526 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Cast",
"See also",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Guan Gong*** is a Taiwanese television series based on the life of [Guan Yu](/wiki/Guan_Yu \"Guan Yu\") and parts of the 14th century historical novel *[Romance of the Three Kingdoms](/wiki/Romance_of_the_Three_Kingdoms \"Romance of the Three Kingdoms\")* by [Luo Guanzhong](/wiki/Luo_Guanzhong \"Luo Guanzhong\"), while incorporating some elements of fantasy and [Chinese mythology](/wiki/Chinese_mythology \"Chinese mythology\") as well. The series was first broadcast in Taiwan on [CTS](/wiki/Chinese_Television_System \"Chinese Television System\") from 31 July to 15 October in 1996\\.\n\n",
"Cast\n----\n\n* Kou Fung as [Guan Yu](/wiki/Guan_Yu \"Guan Yu\") / [Dragon King](/wiki/Dragon_King \"Dragon King\") of the South Sea\n\t+ Chen Chun\\-sheng as young Guan Yu\n* Tsui Hao\\-jan as [Zhang Fei](/wiki/Zhang_Fei \"Zhang Fei\")\n* [Chang Fu\\-chien](/wiki/Chang_Fu-chien \"Chang Fu-chien\") as [Liu Bei](/wiki/Liu_Bei \"Liu Bei\")\n* Lung Lung as [Cao Cao](/wiki/Cao_Cao \"Cao Cao\")\n* Sung Ta\\-min as [Lü Bu](/wiki/L%C3%BC_Bu \"Lü Bu\")\n* Lung Kuan\\-wu as [Ding Yuan](/wiki/Ding_Yuan \"Ding Yuan\")\n* Irene Chiu Yu\\-Ting as [Diaochan](/wiki/Diaochan \"Diaochan\")\n* [Chang Feng](/wiki/Chang_Feng \"Chang Feng\") as [Sima Hui](/wiki/Sima_Hui \"Sima Hui\")\n* Chao Shu\\-hai as [Zhuge Liang](/wiki/Zhuge_Liang \"Zhuge Liang\")\n* Hsieh Tsu\\-wu as [Zhao Yun](/wiki/Zhao_Yun \"Zhao Yun\")\n* Mini Kung as [Huang Yueying](/wiki/Lady_Huang \"Lady Huang\")\n* [Sze Yu](/wiki/Sze_Yu \"Sze Yu\") as [Lu Su](/wiki/Lu_Su \"Lu Su\")\n* Yang Chun as [Dong Zhuo](/wiki/Dong_Zhuo \"Dong Zhuo\")\n* Wei Tzu\\-yun as [Sun Ce](/wiki/Sun_Ce \"Sun Ce\")\n* [Lee Hsing\\-wen](/wiki/Lee_Hsing-wen \"Lee Hsing-wen\") as [Sun Quan](/wiki/Sun_Quan \"Sun Quan\")\n* Chin Fung as [Zhou Yu](/wiki/Zhou_Yu \"Zhou Yu\")\n* [Esther Kwan](/wiki/Esther_Kwan \"Esther Kwan\") as [Sun Shangxiang](/wiki/Lady_Sun \"Lady Sun\")\n* Tsui Pei\\-yi as [Daqiao](/wiki/Two_Qiaos \"Two Qiaos\")\n* Yueh Ling as [Xiaoqiao](/wiki/Two_Qiaos \"Two Qiaos\")\n* Yang Chung\\-en as [Lu Xun](/wiki/Lu_Xun_%28Three_Kingdoms%29 \"Lu Xun (Three Kingdoms)\")\n* Ou\\-yang Lung as [Hua Tuo](/wiki/Hua_Tuo \"Hua Tuo\")\n* Wang Miyuki as Sang Xiaodie\n* Ku Kuan\\-chung as [Yuan Shao](/wiki/Yuan_Shao \"Yuan Shao\")\n* [Alyssa Chia](/wiki/Alyssa_Chia \"Alyssa Chia\") as Wen Xiu\n* Wang Hao as Lü Yu\n* [Vicky Chen](/wiki/Vicky_Chen_%28born_1970%29 \"Vicky Chen (born 1970)\") as Xiaoying\n* Huang Chung\\-yu as [Hua Xiong](/wiki/Hua_Xiong \"Hua Xiong\") / [Zhang Liao](/wiki/Zhang_Liao \"Zhang Liao\")\n* [Lu Feng](/wiki/Lu_Feng_%28actor%29 \"Lu Feng (actor)\") as [Zhou Cang](/wiki/Zhou_Cang \"Zhou Cang\")\n* Hsia Ching\\-ting as [Yu Ji](/wiki/Gan_Ji \"Gan Ji\")\n* Kuang Ming\\-chieh as Xiahou Ying\n* Li Luo as [Kong Xiu](/wiki/Kong_Xiu \"Kong Xiu\")\n* Huang Ying\\-hsun as [Guan Ping](/wiki/Guan_Ping \"Guan Ping\")\n* Mayko Chen as Guan Yan\n* [Chiang Hsia](/wiki/Chiang_Hsia \"Chiang Hsia\") as Guan Yu's mother\n* as [Lady Gan](/wiki/Lady_Gan \"Lady Gan\")\n* Mei Chang\\-fen as [Lady Mi](/wiki/Lady_Mi \"Lady Mi\")\n* Yu Ke\\-hsin as [Lady Bian](/wiki/Empress_Dowager_Bian \"Empress Dowager Bian\")\n* Shao Pei\\-yu as Holy Mother\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [List of media adaptations of *Romance of the Three Kingdoms*](/wiki/List_of_media_adaptations_of_Romance_of_the_Three_Kingdoms \"List of media adaptations of Romance of the Three Kingdoms\")\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1996 Taiwanese television series debuts](/wiki/Category:1996_Taiwanese_television_series_debuts \"1996 Taiwanese television series debuts\")\n[Category:1996 Taiwanese television series endings](/wiki/Category:1996_Taiwanese_television_series_endings \"1996 Taiwanese television series endings\")\n[Category:Taiwanese television series](/wiki/Category:Taiwanese_television_series \"Taiwanese television series\")\n[Category:Television series set in the Eastern Han dynasty](/wiki/Category:Television_series_set_in_the_Eastern_Han_dynasty \"Television series set in the Eastern Han dynasty\")\n[Category:Works based on Romance of the Three Kingdoms](/wiki/Category:Works_based_on_Romance_of_the_Three_Kingdoms \"Works based on Romance of the Three Kingdoms\")\n[Category:1990s Taiwanese television series](/wiki/Category:1990s_Taiwanese_television_series \"1990s Taiwanese television series\")\n\n"
]
} |
2000 New Zealand Grand Prix | {
"id": [
2921886
],
"name": [
"Varnent"
]
} | pex7k5z0urh1l2xd91zvoa4qyjgsyf4 | 2023-10-27T08:05:14Z | 1,091,916,864 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Classification",
"Qualifying",
"Race",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
3,
3,
2
],
"content": [
"The **2000 New Zealand Grand Prix** event for open wheel racing cars was held at [Pukekohe Park Raceway](/wiki/Pukekohe_Park_Raceway \"Pukekohe Park Raceway\") near [Auckland](/wiki/Auckland \"Auckland\") on 2 December 2000\\. It was the forty\\-sixth New Zealand Grand Prix and was open to [Formula Holden](/wiki/Formula_Holden \"Formula Holden\") cars. The event was also the final race of the [2000 Tasman Cup](/wiki/2000_Tasman_Cup \"2000 Tasman Cup\"). It would prove to be the final race in the revived [Tasman Series](/wiki/Tasman_Series \"Tasman Series\") established in 1998 for Formula Holden. No 2001 series followed.\n\nThe race was won by New Zealand driver [Andy Booth](/wiki/Andy_Booth_%28racing_driver%29 \"Andy Booth (racing driver)\") driving a [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 95D belonging to the [Arthur Abrahams](/wiki/Arthur_Abrahams \"Arthur Abrahams\")\\-run NRC International. Booth's teammate [Matt Halliday](/wiki/Matthew_Halliday_%28racing_driver%29 \"Matthew Halliday (racing driver)\") finished second ahead of Australian driver [Paul Dumbrell](/wiki/Paul_Dumbrell \"Paul Dumbrell\") finished third.\n\n",
"Classification\n--------------\n\n### Qualifying\n\n| Pos | No. | Driver | Team | Time | Grid |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | 1 | [Simon Wills](/wiki/Simon_Wills \"Simon Wills\") | [Birrana Racing](/wiki/Birrana \"Birrana\") | 0:52\\.777 | 1 |\n| 2 | 8 | LeRoy Stevenson | [Birrana Racing](/wiki/Birrana \"Birrana\") | 0:53\\.528 | 2 |\n| 3 | 20 | [Andy Booth](/wiki/Andy_Booth_%28racing_driver%29 \"Andy Booth (racing driver)\") | NRC International | 0:53\\.536 | 3 |\n| 4 | 19 | [Matt Halliday](/wiki/Matthew_Halliday_%28racing_driver%29 \"Matthew Halliday (racing driver)\") | NRC International | 0:53\\.943 | 4 |\n| 5 | 7 | [Paul Dumbrell](/wiki/Paul_Dumbrell \"Paul Dumbrell\") | Wynns Racing | 0:54\\.013 | 5 |\n| 6 | 22 | [Emerson Newton\\-John](/wiki/Emerson_Newton-John \"Emerson Newton-John\") | [Greg Murphy Racing](/wiki/Greg_Murphy_Racing \"Greg Murphy Racing\") | 0:54\\.307 | 6 |\n| 7 | 74 | [Steve Owen](/wiki/Steve_Owen_%28racing_driver%29 \"Steve Owen (racing driver)\") | Hocking Motorsport | 0:54\\.497 | 7 |\n| 8 | 66 | Peter Hill | [Greg Murphy Racing](/wiki/Greg_Murphy_Racing \"Greg Murphy Racing\") | 0:55\\.008 | 8 |\n| 9 | 75 | Stuart Kostera | Hocking Motorsport | 0:55\\.306 | 9 |\n| 10 | 28 | Roger Oakeshott | Sportsmed Racing | 0:55\\.634 | 10 |\n| 11 | 17 | Mark Ellis | Mantis Racing | 0:55\\.794 | 11 |\n| 12 | 27 | Terry Clearihan | | 0:56\\.564 | 12 |\n| 13 | 24 | Ian Peters | Camtech Racing | 0:56\\.680 | 13 |\n| 14 | 18 | Dean Cockerton | | 0:57\\.218 | 14 |\n| 15 | 10 | Ian Lloyd | | 0:58\\.756 | 15 |\n| Source(s): | | | | | | | |\n|\n\n### Race\n\n| Pos | No. | Driver | Team | Car | Laps | Time/Retired | Grid |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | **20** | **[Andy Booth](/wiki/Andy_Booth_%28racing_driver%29 \"Andy Booth (racing driver)\")** | **NRC International** | **[Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 94D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\")** | **40** | **38min 25\\.383sec** | **3** |\n| 2 | **19** | **[Matt Halliday](/wiki/Matthew_Halliday_%28racing_driver%29 \"Matthew Halliday (racing driver)\")** | **NRC International** | **[Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 95D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\")** | **40** | **\\+ 13\\.445 s** | **4** |\n| 3 | **7** | **[Paul Dumbrell](/wiki/Paul_Dumbrell \"Paul Dumbrell\")** | **Wynns Racing** | **[Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 93D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\")** | **40** | **\\+ 16\\.523 s** | **5** |\n| 4 | 74 | [Steve Owen](/wiki/Steve_Owen_%28racing_driver%29 \"Steve Owen (racing driver)\") | Hocking Motorsport | [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 97D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 40 | \\+ 17\\.723 s | 7 |\n| 5 | 66 | Peter Hill | [Greg Murphy Racing](/wiki/Greg_Murphy_Racing \"Greg Murphy Racing\") | [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 94D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 40 | \\+ 32\\.020 s | 8 |\n| 6 | 75 | Stuart Kostera | Hocking Motorsport | [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 97D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 40 | \\+ 45\\.313 s | 9 |\n| 7 | 8 | LeRoy Stevenson | [Birrana Racing](/wiki/Birrana \"Birrana\") | [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 94D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 39 | \\+ 1 lap | 2 |\n| 8 | 18 | Dean Cockerton | | [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 91D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 39 | \\+ 1 lap | 14 |\n| 9 | 24 | Ian Peters | Camtech Racing | [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 91D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 39 | \\+ 1 lap | 13 |\n| 10 | 17 | Mark Ellis | Mantis Racing | [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 92D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 36 | \\+ 4 laps | 11 |\n| 11 | 22 | [Emerson Newton\\-John](/wiki/Emerson_Newton-John \"Emerson Newton-John\") | [Greg Murphy Racing](/wiki/Greg_Murphy_Racing \"Greg Murphy Racing\") | [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 92D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 35 | \\+ 5 laps | 6 |\n| Ret | 10 | Ian Lloyd | | Dome FL02\\-03 [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 27 | Retired | 15 |\n| Ret | 1 | [Simon Wills](/wiki/Simon_Wills \"Simon Wills\") | [Birrana Racing](/wiki/Birrana \"Birrana\") | [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 94D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 17 | Retired | 1 |\n| Ret | 28 | Roger Oakeshott | Sportsmed Racing | [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 97D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 7 | Retired | 10 |\n| DNS | 27 | Terry Clearihan | | [Ralt](/wiki/Ralt \"Ralt\") RT23 [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | | Did Not Start | 12 |\n| Source(s): | | | | | | | |\n|\n\n",
"### Qualifying\n\n| Pos | No. | Driver | Team | Time | Grid |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | 1 | [Simon Wills](/wiki/Simon_Wills \"Simon Wills\") | [Birrana Racing](/wiki/Birrana \"Birrana\") | 0:52\\.777 | 1 |\n| 2 | 8 | LeRoy Stevenson | [Birrana Racing](/wiki/Birrana \"Birrana\") | 0:53\\.528 | 2 |\n| 3 | 20 | [Andy Booth](/wiki/Andy_Booth_%28racing_driver%29 \"Andy Booth (racing driver)\") | NRC International | 0:53\\.536 | 3 |\n| 4 | 19 | [Matt Halliday](/wiki/Matthew_Halliday_%28racing_driver%29 \"Matthew Halliday (racing driver)\") | NRC International | 0:53\\.943 | 4 |\n| 5 | 7 | [Paul Dumbrell](/wiki/Paul_Dumbrell \"Paul Dumbrell\") | Wynns Racing | 0:54\\.013 | 5 |\n| 6 | 22 | [Emerson Newton\\-John](/wiki/Emerson_Newton-John \"Emerson Newton-John\") | [Greg Murphy Racing](/wiki/Greg_Murphy_Racing \"Greg Murphy Racing\") | 0:54\\.307 | 6 |\n| 7 | 74 | [Steve Owen](/wiki/Steve_Owen_%28racing_driver%29 \"Steve Owen (racing driver)\") | Hocking Motorsport | 0:54\\.497 | 7 |\n| 8 | 66 | Peter Hill | [Greg Murphy Racing](/wiki/Greg_Murphy_Racing \"Greg Murphy Racing\") | 0:55\\.008 | 8 |\n| 9 | 75 | Stuart Kostera | Hocking Motorsport | 0:55\\.306 | 9 |\n| 10 | 28 | Roger Oakeshott | Sportsmed Racing | 0:55\\.634 | 10 |\n| 11 | 17 | Mark Ellis | Mantis Racing | 0:55\\.794 | 11 |\n| 12 | 27 | Terry Clearihan | | 0:56\\.564 | 12 |\n| 13 | 24 | Ian Peters | Camtech Racing | 0:56\\.680 | 13 |\n| 14 | 18 | Dean Cockerton | | 0:57\\.218 | 14 |\n| 15 | 10 | Ian Lloyd | | 0:58\\.756 | 15 |\n| Source(s): | | | | | | | |\n|\n\n",
"### Race\n\n| Pos | No. | Driver | Team | Car | Laps | Time/Retired | Grid |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | **20** | **[Andy Booth](/wiki/Andy_Booth_%28racing_driver%29 \"Andy Booth (racing driver)\")** | **NRC International** | **[Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 94D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\")** | **40** | **38min 25\\.383sec** | **3** |\n| 2 | **19** | **[Matt Halliday](/wiki/Matthew_Halliday_%28racing_driver%29 \"Matthew Halliday (racing driver)\")** | **NRC International** | **[Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 95D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\")** | **40** | **\\+ 13\\.445 s** | **4** |\n| 3 | **7** | **[Paul Dumbrell](/wiki/Paul_Dumbrell \"Paul Dumbrell\")** | **Wynns Racing** | **[Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 93D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\")** | **40** | **\\+ 16\\.523 s** | **5** |\n| 4 | 74 | [Steve Owen](/wiki/Steve_Owen_%28racing_driver%29 \"Steve Owen (racing driver)\") | Hocking Motorsport | [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 97D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 40 | \\+ 17\\.723 s | 7 |\n| 5 | 66 | Peter Hill | [Greg Murphy Racing](/wiki/Greg_Murphy_Racing \"Greg Murphy Racing\") | [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 94D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 40 | \\+ 32\\.020 s | 8 |\n| 6 | 75 | Stuart Kostera | Hocking Motorsport | [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 97D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 40 | \\+ 45\\.313 s | 9 |\n| 7 | 8 | LeRoy Stevenson | [Birrana Racing](/wiki/Birrana \"Birrana\") | [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 94D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 39 | \\+ 1 lap | 2 |\n| 8 | 18 | Dean Cockerton | | [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 91D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 39 | \\+ 1 lap | 14 |\n| 9 | 24 | Ian Peters | Camtech Racing | [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 91D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 39 | \\+ 1 lap | 13 |\n| 10 | 17 | Mark Ellis | Mantis Racing | [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 92D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 36 | \\+ 4 laps | 11 |\n| 11 | 22 | [Emerson Newton\\-John](/wiki/Emerson_Newton-John \"Emerson Newton-John\") | [Greg Murphy Racing](/wiki/Greg_Murphy_Racing \"Greg Murphy Racing\") | [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 92D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 35 | \\+ 5 laps | 6 |\n| Ret | 10 | Ian Lloyd | | Dome FL02\\-03 [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 27 | Retired | 15 |\n| Ret | 1 | [Simon Wills](/wiki/Simon_Wills \"Simon Wills\") | [Birrana Racing](/wiki/Birrana \"Birrana\") | [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 94D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 17 | Retired | 1 |\n| Ret | 28 | Roger Oakeshott | Sportsmed Racing | [Reynard](/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport \"Reynard Motorsport\") 97D [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | 7 | Retired | 10 |\n| DNS | 27 | Terry Clearihan | | [Ralt](/wiki/Ralt \"Ralt\") RT23 [Holden](/wiki/Holden \"Holden\") | | Did Not Start | 12 |\n| Source(s): | | | | | | | |\n|\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:New Zealand Grand Prix](/wiki/Category:New_Zealand_Grand_Prix \"New Zealand Grand Prix\")\n[Grand Prix](/wiki/Category:2000_in_New_Zealand_motorsport \"2000 in New Zealand motorsport\")\n[Category:Formula Holden](/wiki/Category:Formula_Holden \"Formula Holden\")\n[New Zealand](/wiki/Category:December_2000_sports_events_in_New_Zealand \"December 2000 sports events in New Zealand\")\n\n"
]
} |
Najafabad, Faruj | {
"id": [
31425801
],
"name": [
"Aprilia68"
]
} | fgdve2cq0opis9xozrt6ohcxpnpoyq6 | 2017-07-12T22:26:37Z | 772,382,929 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n**Najafabad** (, also [Romanized](/wiki/Romanize \"Romanize\") as **Najafābād** and **Nejafābād**) is a village in [Titkanlu Rural District](/wiki/Titkanlu_Rural_District \"Titkanlu Rural District\"), [Khabushan District](/wiki/Khabushan_District \"Khabushan District\"), [Faruj County](/wiki/Faruj_County \"Faruj County\"), [North Khorasan Province](/wiki/North_Khorasan_Province \"North Khorasan Province\"), [Iran](/wiki/Iran \"Iran\"). At the 2006 census, its population was 732, in 231 families.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Populated places in Faruj County](/wiki/Category:Populated_places_in_Faruj_County \"Populated places in Faruj County\")\n\n"
]
} |
2011–12 Superliga de Voleibol Masculina | {
"id": [
8578365
],
"name": [
"Nat965"
]
} | snqgk54phgyj8v4zkolyl24jvt7dn0t | 2022-06-24T21:13:36Z | 1,088,756,909 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Competition format",
"2011–12 season teams",
"2011–12 season standings",
"Championship playoffs",
"Bracket",
"Semifinals",
"Match 1",
"Match 2",
"Match 3",
"Match 4",
"Match 5",
"Final",
"Match 1",
"Match 2",
"Match 3",
"Top scorers",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
3,
3,
4,
4,
4,
4,
4,
3,
4,
4,
4,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n**[Superliga de Voleibol Masculina](/wiki/Superliga_de_Voleibol_Masculina \"Superliga de Voleibol Masculina\") 2011–12** was the 48th (XLVIII) season since its establishment. The 2011–12 season started in October 2011, and finished on April 14, 2012\\.\n\nDefending champions, Caja3 Teruel were able to defend its previous season title and won its second title in a row.\n\n",
"Competition format\n------------------\n\n9 teams played in a two\\-round format. Upon completion of regular season, the top four teams play Championship's playoffs, while the bottom team is relegated to Superliga 2\\.\n\nDuring regular season, a win by 3–0 or 3–1 means 3 points to winner team, while a 3–2 win, 2 points for winner team \\& 1 for loser team.\n\nChampionship playoffs is played to best of 3 games.\n\n",
"2011–12 season teams\n--------------------\n\n| Team | Stadium | Capacity | City/Area |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [Caja3 Teruel](/wiki/CV_Teruel \"CV Teruel\") | [Los Planos](/wiki/Pabell%C3%B3n_Municipal_Los_Planos \"Pabellón Municipal Los Planos\") | 2,000 | [Teruel](/wiki/Teruel \"Teruel\") |\n| [CMA Soria](/wiki/Numancia_Voley \"Numancia Voley\") | [Los Pajaritos](/wiki/Pabellon_Polideportivo_Los_Pajaritos \"Pabellon Polideportivo Los Pajaritos\") | 2,000 | [Soria](/wiki/Soria \"Soria\") |\n| [Unicaja Almería](/wiki/CV_Almer%C3%ADa \"CV Almería\") | [Moisés Ruiz](/wiki/Pabell%C3%B3n_Mois%C3%A9s_Ruiz \"Pabellón Moisés Ruiz\") | 1,750 | [Almería](/wiki/Almer%C3%ADa \"Almería\") |\n| [Cajasol Juvasa](/wiki/CAV_Esquimo \"CAV Esquimo\") | [Los Montecillos](/wiki/Pabell%C3%B3n_Los_Montecillos \"Pabellón Los Montecillos\") | 1,500 | [Dos Hermanas](/wiki/Dos_Hermanas \"Dos Hermanas\"), [Andalusia](/wiki/Andalusia \"Andalusia\") |\n| [L'Illa\\-Grau](/wiki/CV_L%27Illa-Grau \"CV L'Illa-Grau\") | [Ciutat Esportiva](/wiki/Pabell%C3%B3n_Ciutat_Esportiva_de_Castell%C3%B3n \"Pabellón Ciutat Esportiva de Castellón\") | 700 | [Castellón de la Plana](/wiki/Castell%C3%B3n_de_la_Plana \"Castellón de la Plana\") |\n| [Bantierra Fábregas Sport](/wiki/CV_Zaragoza \"CV Zaragoza\") | [Siglo XXI](/wiki/Pabell%C3%B3n_Siglo_XXI \"Pabellón Siglo XXI\") | 2,780 | [Zaragoza](/wiki/Zaragoza \"Zaragoza\") |\n| [Vigo Voleibol](/wiki/Vigo_Voleibol \"Vigo Voleibol\") | [Pavillón de Coia](/wiki/Pavill%C3%B3n_Municipal_de_Coia \"Pavillón Municipal de Coia\") | 1,300 | [Vigo](/wiki/Vigo \"Vigo\") |\n| [Voley Guada](/wiki/Voley_Guada \"Voley Guada\") | [Multiusos de Guadalajara](/wiki/Palacio_Multiusos_de_Guadalajara \"Palacio Multiusos de Guadalajara\") | 5,894 | [Guadalajara](/wiki/Guadalajara%2C_Spain \"Guadalajara, Spain\") |\n| [7 Islas Vecindario](/wiki/CV_7_Islas \"CV 7 Islas\") | [Pabellón Municipal](/wiki/Pabell%C3%B3n_Municipal_de_Santa_Luc%C3%ADa \"Pabellón Municipal de Santa Lucía\") | 5,500 | [Vecindario, Santa Lucía de Tirajana](/wiki/Santa_Luc%C3%ADa_de_Tirajana \"Santa Lucía de Tirajana\") |\n\n",
"",
"Championship playoffs\n---------------------\n\n### Bracket\n\n* *To best of three games.*\n\n### Semifinals\n\n#### Match 1\n\n\\|}\n\n#### Match 2\n\n\\|}\n\n#### Match 3\n\n\\|}\n\n#### Match 4\n\n\\|}\n\n#### Match 5\n\n\\|}\n\n### Final\n\n#### Match 1\n\n\\|}\n\n#### Match 2\n\n\\|}\n\n#### Match 3\n\n\\|}\n",
"### Bracket\n\n* *To best of three games.*\n\n",
"### Semifinals\n\n#### Match 1\n\n\\|}\n\n#### Match 2\n\n\\|}\n\n#### Match 3\n\n\\|}\n\n#### Match 4\n\n\\|}\n\n#### Match 5\n\n\\|}\n\n",
"#### Match 1\n\n\\|}\n\n",
"#### Match 2\n\n\\|}\n\n",
"#### Match 3\n\n\\|}\n\n",
"#### Match 4\n\n\\|}\n\n",
"#### Match 5\n\n\\|}\n\n",
"### Final\n\n#### Match 1\n\n\\|}\n\n#### Match 2\n\n\\|}\n\n#### Match 3\n\n\\|}\n\n",
"#### Match 1\n\n\\|}\n\n",
"#### Match 2\n\n\\|}\n\n",
"#### Match 3\n\n\\|}\n\n",
"Top scorers\n-----------\n\n*(This statistics includes regular season and playoff matches.*)\n\n| Rk | Name | Team | Points | Sets |\n\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | [Rodrigo Pereira](/wiki/Rodrigo_Pereira_%28volleyball%29 \"Rodrigo Pereira (volleyball)\")[Cajasol Juvasa](/wiki/CAV_Esquimo \"CAV Esquimo\") 338 | 65 | **5,200** |\n| 2 | [Semidán Deniz](/wiki/Semid%C3%A1n_Deniz \"Semidán Deniz\")[7 Islas Vecindario](/wiki/CV_7_Islas \"CV 7 Islas\") 244 | 54 | **4,519** |\n| 3 | [Daniel Rocamora](/wiki/Daniel_Rocamora \"Daniel Rocamora\")[CMA Soria](/wiki/Numancia_Voley \"Numancia Voley\") 323 | 72 | **4,486** |\n| 4 | [Ibán Pérez](/wiki/Ib%C3%A1n_P%C3%A9rez \"Ibán Pérez\")[Unicaja Almería](/wiki/CV_Almer%C3%ADa \"CV Almería\") 360 | 82 | **4,390** |\n| 5 | [Matthew Webber](/wiki/Matthew_Webber \"Matthew Webber\")[Caja3 Teruel](/wiki/CV_Teruel \"CV Teruel\") 270 | 62 | **4,355** |\n|\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Superliga Masculina official website](https://web.archive.org/web/20120412111428/http://www.rfevb.com/home/cnac/svm/svm.asp)\n\n[Category:2011 in volleyball](/wiki/Category:2011_in_volleyball \"2011 in volleyball\")\n[Category:2012 in volleyball](/wiki/Category:2012_in_volleyball \"2012 in volleyball\")\n[Category:Superliga de Voleibol Masculina](/wiki/Category:Superliga_de_Voleibol_Masculina \"Superliga de Voleibol Masculina\")\n[Category:2011 in Spanish sport](/wiki/Category:2011_in_Spanish_sport \"2011 in Spanish sport\")\n[Category:2012 in Spanish sport](/wiki/Category:2012_in_Spanish_sport \"2012 in Spanish sport\")\n\n"
]
} |
Louisiana Highway 40 | {
"id": [
37991216
],
"name": [
"1ctinus"
]
} | cfxpjp7gemxghrxiy0qqih0zn0gn3r3 | 2024-02-16T01:58:59Z | 920,461,209 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Route description",
"Livingston Parish to Folsom",
"Folsom to Bush",
"Route classification and data",
"History",
"Future",
"Major intersections",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
3,
3,
3,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n* + - * \n\t\t\t**Louisiana Highway 40** (**LA 40**) is a [state highway](/wiki/State_highway \"State highway\") located in southeastern [Louisiana](/wiki/Louisiana \"Louisiana\"). It runs in an east–west direction from [LA 43](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_43 \"Louisiana Highway 43\") south of [Montpelier](/wiki/Montpelier%2C_Louisiana \"Montpelier, Louisiana\") to [LA 41](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_41 \"Louisiana Highway 41\") in [Bush](/wiki/Bush%2C_Louisiana \"Bush, Louisiana\").\n\nThe route travels through the rural area between the parallel corridors of [U.S. Highway 190](/wiki/U.S._Route_190_in_Louisiana \"U.S. Route 190 in Louisiana\") (US 190\\) and [LA 21](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_21 \"Louisiana Highway 21\") to the south and [LA 16](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_16 \"Louisiana Highway 16\") to the north. It connects several small population centers in [Tangipahoa](/wiki/Tangipahoa_Parish%2C_Louisiana \"Tangipahoa Parish, Louisiana\") and [St. Tammany](/wiki/St._Tammany_Parish%2C_Louisiana \"St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana\") parishes. These include the town of [Independence](/wiki/Independence%2C_Louisiana \"Independence, Louisiana\"), the village of [Folsom](/wiki/Folsom%2C_Louisiana \"Folsom, Louisiana\"), and the unincorporated communities of [Loranger](/wiki/Loranger%2C_Louisiana \"Loranger, Louisiana\") and Bush. LA 40 also connects Independence with [Interstate 55](/wiki/Interstate_55_in_Louisiana \"Interstate 55 in Louisiana\") (I\\-55\\), the area's primary route to the [New Orleans](/wiki/New_Orleans%2C_Louisiana \"New Orleans, Louisiana\") area. Further east, the highway provides access to the [Global Wildlife Center](/wiki/Global_Wildlife_Center \"Global Wildlife Center\"), a popular wildlife and game preserve located west of Folsom.\n\nLA 40 was designated in the [1955 Louisiana Highway renumbering](/wiki/1955_Louisiana_Highway_renumbering \"1955 Louisiana Highway renumbering\") from portions of several former routes, primarily [State Route 408](/wiki/Louisiana_State_Route_408 \"Louisiana State Route 408\"), [State Route 1080](/wiki/Louisiana_State_Route_1080 \"Louisiana State Route 1080\"), and [State Route 189](/wiki/Louisiana_State_Route_189 \"Louisiana State Route 189\"). Two portions of LA 40 are scheduled to be eliminated from the state highway system in the future as part of the [Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development](/wiki/Louisiana_Department_of_Transportation_and_Development \"Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development\") (La DOTD) Road Transfer Program.\n\n",
"Route description\n-----------------\n\n### Livingston Parish to Folsom\n\nFrom the west, LA 40 begins at a junction with [LA 43](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_43 \"Louisiana Highway 43\") between [Montpelier](/wiki/Montpelier%2C_Louisiana \"Montpelier, Louisiana\") and [Albany](/wiki/Albany%2C_Louisiana \"Albany, Louisiana\") in the northeast corner of [Livingston](/wiki/Livingston_Parish%2C_Louisiana \"Livingston Parish, Louisiana\"). The highway crosses into [Tangipahoa Parish](/wiki/Tangipahoa_Parish%2C_Louisiana \"Tangipahoa Parish, Louisiana\") after a short distance and passes through an interchange with [I\\-55](/wiki/Interstate_55_in_Louisiana \"Interstate 55 in Louisiana\") (exit 40\\) just west of [Independence](/wiki/Independence%2C_Louisiana \"Independence, Louisiana\"). I\\-55 connects with [Hammond, Louisiana](/wiki/Hammond%2C_Louisiana \"Hammond, Louisiana\") to the south and [Jackson, Mississippi](/wiki/Jackson%2C_Mississippi \"Jackson, Mississippi\") to the north. LA 40 heads into town and follows West 3rd Street to a junction with [US 51](/wiki/U.S._Route_51_in_Louisiana \"U.S. Route 51 in Louisiana\") (West Railroad Avenue), which serves local traffic along the I\\-55 corridor.\n\nImmediately after crossing US 51, LA 40 crosses the [Canadian National Railway](/wiki/Canadian_National_Railway \"Canadian National Railway\") (CN) line at grade and zigzags south and east out of Independence. The highway then crosses a bridge over the [Tangipahoa River](/wiki/Tangipahoa_River \"Tangipahoa River\") and intersects [LA 1054](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_1054 \"Louisiana Highway 1054\"). In the community of [Loranger](/wiki/Loranger%2C_Louisiana \"Loranger, Louisiana\"), LA 40 turns south at a junction with [LA 1062](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_1062 \"Louisiana Highway 1062\"). Over the next , the highway zigzags along [section line roads](/wiki/Section_line_road \"Section line road\") but maintains a general eastward trajectory. During this stretch are intersections with minor rural routes, such as [LA 442](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_442 \"Louisiana Highway 442\"), [LA 443](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_443 \"Louisiana Highway 443\"), and [LA 445](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_445 \"Louisiana Highway 445\"), which connect to more populated areas along US 51 and [US 190](/wiki/U.S._Route_190_in_Louisiana \"U.S. Route 190 in Louisiana\"). Traveling through an area known as [Uneedus](/wiki/Uneedus%2C_Louisiana \"Uneedus, Louisiana\"), LA 40 passes the entrance to the [Global Wildlife Center](/wiki/Global_Wildlife_Center \"Global Wildlife Center\"), a non\\-profit wildlife preserve open to the public.\n\n### Folsom to Bush\n\nLA 40 crosses the [Tchefuncte River](/wiki/Tchefuncte_River \"Tchefuncte River\") into [St. Tammany Parish](/wiki/St._Tammany_Parish%2C_Louisiana \"St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana\") and proceeds into the village of [Folsom](/wiki/Folsom%2C_Louisiana \"Folsom, Louisiana\"). The highway follows Garfield Street to a junction with [LA 25](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_25 \"Louisiana Highway 25\") (Orange Street) in the center of town, connecting with the cities of [Covington](/wiki/Covington%2C_Louisiana \"Covington, Louisiana\") and [Franklinton](/wiki/Franklinton%2C_Louisiana \"Franklinton, Louisiana\"). LA 40 zigzags north onto LA 25 for two blocks before turning east onto Cleveland Street to exit the village. The highway then follows a more winding path for the remainder of its journey.\n\nHeading southeast from Folsom, LA 40 begins a concurrency with [LA 437](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_437 \"Louisiana Highway 437\") that ends when the latter turns south onto Lee Road in a populated rural area north of Covington. LA 40 makes a zigzag past [Lee Road Junior High School](/wiki/Lee_Road_Junior_High_School \"Lee Road Junior High School\") then turns northeast for about . Resuming its eastward course, LA 40 intersects two minor rural routes, [LA 1082](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_1082 \"Louisiana Highway 1082\") and [LA 1083](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_1083 \"Louisiana Highway 1083\"). Near the end of its route, the highway makes a final zigzag via [LA 21](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_21 \"Louisiana Highway 21\") in the unincorporated community of [Bush](/wiki/Bush%2C_Louisiana \"Bush, Louisiana\"). It then continues a short distance further to a T\\-intersection with [LA 41](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_41 \"Louisiana Highway 41\"), which turns north onto a divided\\-four lane alignment heading toward the city of [Bogalusa](/wiki/Bogalusa%2C_Louisiana \"Bogalusa, Louisiana\").\n\n### Route classification and data\n\nLA 40 is classified by the [Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development](/wiki/Louisiana_Department_of_Transportation_and_Development \"Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development\") (La DOTD) as a rural major collector west of Lee Road (LA 437 south) and as a rural minor collector between Lee Road and Bush. Daily traffic volume in 2013 peaked at 11,700 vehicles in Folsom and 8,200 vehicles between I\\-55 and Independence. The lowest figure was reported near the eastern terminus in Bush with an average of 1,460 vehicles daily. The posted speed limit is generally in rural areas, reduced as low as through town. LA 40 is an undivided two\\-lane highway for its entire length.\n\n",
"### Livingston Parish to Folsom\n\nFrom the west, LA 40 begins at a junction with [LA 43](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_43 \"Louisiana Highway 43\") between [Montpelier](/wiki/Montpelier%2C_Louisiana \"Montpelier, Louisiana\") and [Albany](/wiki/Albany%2C_Louisiana \"Albany, Louisiana\") in the northeast corner of [Livingston](/wiki/Livingston_Parish%2C_Louisiana \"Livingston Parish, Louisiana\"). The highway crosses into [Tangipahoa Parish](/wiki/Tangipahoa_Parish%2C_Louisiana \"Tangipahoa Parish, Louisiana\") after a short distance and passes through an interchange with [I\\-55](/wiki/Interstate_55_in_Louisiana \"Interstate 55 in Louisiana\") (exit 40\\) just west of [Independence](/wiki/Independence%2C_Louisiana \"Independence, Louisiana\"). I\\-55 connects with [Hammond, Louisiana](/wiki/Hammond%2C_Louisiana \"Hammond, Louisiana\") to the south and [Jackson, Mississippi](/wiki/Jackson%2C_Mississippi \"Jackson, Mississippi\") to the north. LA 40 heads into town and follows West 3rd Street to a junction with [US 51](/wiki/U.S._Route_51_in_Louisiana \"U.S. Route 51 in Louisiana\") (West Railroad Avenue), which serves local traffic along the I\\-55 corridor.\n\nImmediately after crossing US 51, LA 40 crosses the [Canadian National Railway](/wiki/Canadian_National_Railway \"Canadian National Railway\") (CN) line at grade and zigzags south and east out of Independence. The highway then crosses a bridge over the [Tangipahoa River](/wiki/Tangipahoa_River \"Tangipahoa River\") and intersects [LA 1054](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_1054 \"Louisiana Highway 1054\"). In the community of [Loranger](/wiki/Loranger%2C_Louisiana \"Loranger, Louisiana\"), LA 40 turns south at a junction with [LA 1062](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_1062 \"Louisiana Highway 1062\"). Over the next , the highway zigzags along [section line roads](/wiki/Section_line_road \"Section line road\") but maintains a general eastward trajectory. During this stretch are intersections with minor rural routes, such as [LA 442](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_442 \"Louisiana Highway 442\"), [LA 443](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_443 \"Louisiana Highway 443\"), and [LA 445](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_445 \"Louisiana Highway 445\"), which connect to more populated areas along US 51 and [US 190](/wiki/U.S._Route_190_in_Louisiana \"U.S. Route 190 in Louisiana\"). Traveling through an area known as [Uneedus](/wiki/Uneedus%2C_Louisiana \"Uneedus, Louisiana\"), LA 40 passes the entrance to the [Global Wildlife Center](/wiki/Global_Wildlife_Center \"Global Wildlife Center\"), a non\\-profit wildlife preserve open to the public.\n\n",
"### Folsom to Bush\n\nLA 40 crosses the [Tchefuncte River](/wiki/Tchefuncte_River \"Tchefuncte River\") into [St. Tammany Parish](/wiki/St._Tammany_Parish%2C_Louisiana \"St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana\") and proceeds into the village of [Folsom](/wiki/Folsom%2C_Louisiana \"Folsom, Louisiana\"). The highway follows Garfield Street to a junction with [LA 25](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_25 \"Louisiana Highway 25\") (Orange Street) in the center of town, connecting with the cities of [Covington](/wiki/Covington%2C_Louisiana \"Covington, Louisiana\") and [Franklinton](/wiki/Franklinton%2C_Louisiana \"Franklinton, Louisiana\"). LA 40 zigzags north onto LA 25 for two blocks before turning east onto Cleveland Street to exit the village. The highway then follows a more winding path for the remainder of its journey.\n\nHeading southeast from Folsom, LA 40 begins a concurrency with [LA 437](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_437 \"Louisiana Highway 437\") that ends when the latter turns south onto Lee Road in a populated rural area north of Covington. LA 40 makes a zigzag past [Lee Road Junior High School](/wiki/Lee_Road_Junior_High_School \"Lee Road Junior High School\") then turns northeast for about . Resuming its eastward course, LA 40 intersects two minor rural routes, [LA 1082](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_1082 \"Louisiana Highway 1082\") and [LA 1083](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_1083 \"Louisiana Highway 1083\"). Near the end of its route, the highway makes a final zigzag via [LA 21](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_21 \"Louisiana Highway 21\") in the unincorporated community of [Bush](/wiki/Bush%2C_Louisiana \"Bush, Louisiana\"). It then continues a short distance further to a T\\-intersection with [LA 41](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_41 \"Louisiana Highway 41\"), which turns north onto a divided\\-four lane alignment heading toward the city of [Bogalusa](/wiki/Bogalusa%2C_Louisiana \"Bogalusa, Louisiana\").\n\n",
"### Route classification and data\n\nLA 40 is classified by the [Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development](/wiki/Louisiana_Department_of_Transportation_and_Development \"Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development\") (La DOTD) as a rural major collector west of Lee Road (LA 437 south) and as a rural minor collector between Lee Road and Bush. Daily traffic volume in 2013 peaked at 11,700 vehicles in Folsom and 8,200 vehicles between I\\-55 and Independence. The lowest figure was reported near the eastern terminus in Bush with an average of 1,460 vehicles daily. The posted speed limit is generally in rural areas, reduced as low as through town. LA 40 is an undivided two\\-lane highway for its entire length.\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nIn the [original Louisiana Highway system](/wiki/List_of_original_highways_in_Louisiana \"List of original highways in Louisiana\") in use between 1921 and 1955, the modern LA 40 was part of several different routes, primarily [State Route 408](/wiki/Louisiana_State_Route_408 \"Louisiana State Route 408\") from the western terminus to Loranger; [State Route 1080](/wiki/Louisiana_State_Route_1080 \"Louisiana State Route 1080\") from Loranger to the Tangipahoa–St. Tammany parish line; and [State Route 189](/wiki/Louisiana_State_Route_189 \"Louisiana State Route 189\") from the parish line to Bush. All three routes were added to the state highway system between 1928 and 1930\\. The portion of LA 40 running south from Loranger was technically part of [State Route 229](/wiki/Louisiana_State_Route_229 \"Louisiana State Route 229\"), which was supposed to turn east across [Chappapella Creek](/wiki/Chappapella_Creek \"Chappapella Creek\") but was never completed. The next mile was taken into the system later as [State Route C\\-2021](/wiki/Louisiana_State_Route_C-2021 \"Louisiana State Route C-2021\"). This provided a connection to Route 1080, which did exist, and completed a state\\-maintained route between Loranger and [Tickfaw](/wiki/Tickfaw%2C_Louisiana \"Tickfaw, Louisiana\"). Finally, the easternmost mile of LA 40 was actually a spur of [State Route 484](/wiki/Louisiana_State_Route_484 \"Louisiana State Route 484\") created when [State Route 7](/wiki/Louisiana_State_Route_7 \"Louisiana State Route 7\") (the modern LA 21\\) was straightened through Bush.\n\nLA 40 was created in the [1955 Louisiana Highway renumbering](/wiki/1955_Louisiana_Highway_renumbering \"1955 Louisiana Highway renumbering\"), giving a single route number to the east–west corridor in Tangipahoa and St. Tammany parishes between [LA 16](/wiki/Louisiana_Highway_16 \"Louisiana Highway 16\") and US 190/LA 21\\.\n\nWith the 1955 renumbering, the state highway department initially categorized all routes into three classes: \"A\" (primary), \"B\" (secondary), and \"C\" (farm\\-to\\-market). This system has since been updated and replaced by a more specific [functional classification](/wiki/Functional_classification \"Functional classification\") system.\n\nThe route has seen only minor changes over the years. A small realignment occurred to accommodate the construction of the I\\-55 interchange west of Independence in 1969\\. The original path of LA 40 here exists as two dead\\-end local roads on either side of the interstate called Fontana Lane and Old Highway 40\\. Another realignment shifted the highway's zigzag in Folsom east two blocks, creating the concurrency with LA 25\\. Originally, LA 40 turned north from Garfield Street onto Olive Street, then followed Cleveland Street straight across LA 25\\.\n\n",
"Future\n------\n\nLa DOTD is currently engaged in a program that aims to transfer about of state\\-owned roadways to local governments over the next several years. Under this plan of \"right\\-sizing\" the state highway system, two portions of LA 40 are proposed for deletion as they no longer meet a significant interurban travel function. These include the portion from I\\-55 west of Independence to the junction with LA 442/LA 443 south of Loranger and the easternmost portion of the route between LA 21 and LA 41 in Bush.\n\n",
"Major intersections\n-------------------\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Maps / GIS Data Homepage](http://wwwsp.dotd.la.gov/Business/Pages/GIS_Maps.aspx), Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development\n\n[0040](/wiki/Category:State_highways_in_Louisiana \"State highways in Louisiana\")\n[Category:Transportation in Livingston Parish, Louisiana](/wiki/Category:Transportation_in_Livingston_Parish%2C_Louisiana \"Transportation in Livingston Parish, Louisiana\")\n[Category:Transportation in Tangipahoa Parish, Louisiana](/wiki/Category:Transportation_in_Tangipahoa_Parish%2C_Louisiana \"Transportation in Tangipahoa Parish, Louisiana\")\n[Category:Transportation in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana](/wiki/Category:Transportation_in_St._Tammany_Parish%2C_Louisiana \"Transportation in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana\")\n\n"
]
} |
Kinch v Bullard | {
"id": [
16185737
],
"name": [
"Smasongarrison"
]
} | az6z7vder59qbqrclyc87c6wcwo0so5 | 2023-04-08T16:35:24Z | 1,148,837,409 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Facts",
"Judgment",
"Obiter dictum",
"Cases considered",
"See also",
"References and notes"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Kinch v Bullard*** \\[1998] 4 All ER 650 is an [English land law](/wiki/English_land_law \"English land law\") case, concerning [co\\-ownership](/wiki/Concurrent_estate \"Concurrent estate\") of land and an act of severance of a joint tenancy, whether caught by the deemed\\-delivered provisions of the common law [postal rule](/wiki/Postal_rule \"Postal rule\").\n\n",
"Facts\n-----\n\nMr and Mrs Johnson, beneficial joint tenants (of the two forms of joint ownership the standard arrangement for spouses co\\-owning land), were divorcing. Mrs Johnson was terminally ill. Mrs. sent Mr. a letter by ordinary first\\-class post stating her intention to sever her interest. It was delivered, but before seeing it Mr. suffered a heart attack. Mrs. realised she was likely to outlive him, survivorship would then operate passing the property to her completely, so she destroyed the letter. He (indeed) died a few weeks later and she died a few months later.\n\nHis executors, consulting with the beneficiaries, chose to sue her executors to decide whether the notice severed the form of ownership (if so, then his last Will and Testament would chiefly determine the fate of his 50% stake in the property as long as it made adequate provision for all dependants under the relevant family/dependency Act of 1975\\).[\"Lilleyman v Lilleyman Spouses and the inheritance Act](http://www.marilynstowe.co.uk/2012/05/15/lilleyman-v-lilleyman-spouses-and-the-inheritance-act-by-laura-guillon/) Laura Guillon, Stowe Family Lawyers. Retrieved 2018\\-04\\-30 If not, the Will could have no effect on the death estate; the property would become hers absolutely, subject to any dependency of his or clear unreasonableness.\n\nThe law was unclear.\n\n",
"Judgment\n--------\n\nNeuberger J held that the notice was effective. He did not take counsel’s argument for her estate that because Mrs. no longer, at that time, ‘desires to sever the joint tenancy’, the statutory precondition for valid notice was not there under section 36(2\\) (of the [Law of Property Act 1925](/wiki/Law_of_Property_Act_1925 \"Law of Property Act 1925\")). This, he held, was wrong because the function of section 36(2\\) was not to bring the court to enquire into the parties’ state of mind. He said:\\[1999] 1 WLR 423, 428\\-429[\"Severance of the Joint Tenancy\"](http://www.thesolicitorsgroup.com/Downloads/Articles/14May2012/SeveranceoftheJointTenancy.pdf) The Solicitors Group, May 2012\n\n### Obiter dictum\n\nBut, explained Neuberger J, it would probably be otherwise if a withdrawal was communicated before a notice was given (or deemed given), applying *[Holwell Securities Ltd v Hughes](/wiki/Holwell_Securities_Ltd_v_Hughes \"Holwell Securities Ltd v Hughes\")*. This was just, however, ‘no more than a tentative view' — an [obiter dictum](/wiki/Obiter_dictum \"Obiter dictum\") (other words and side\\-opinions of the court).\n\n",
"### Obiter dictum\n\nBut, explained Neuberger J, it would probably be otherwise if a withdrawal was communicated before a notice was given (or deemed given), applying *[Holwell Securities Ltd v Hughes](/wiki/Holwell_Securities_Ltd_v_Hughes \"Holwell Securities Ltd v Hughes\")*. This was just, however, ‘no more than a tentative view' — an [obiter dictum](/wiki/Obiter_dictum \"Obiter dictum\") (other words and side\\-opinions of the court).\n\n",
"Cases considered\n----------------\n\nBinding precedents\n* *Lord Newborough v Jones* \\[1975] EWCA[Case Index Card](https://www.iclr.co.uk/ic/1991002392) The Incorporated Council of Law Reporting\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [English trusts law](/wiki/English_trusts_law \"English trusts law\")\n* [English land law](/wiki/English_land_law \"English land law\")\n* [English property law](/wiki/English_property_law \"English property law\")\n\n",
"References and notes\n--------------------\n\nReferences\n\nNotes\n\n[Category:1998 in England](/wiki/Category:1998_in_England \"1998 in England\")\n[Category:English trusts case law](/wiki/Category:English_trusts_case_law \"English trusts case law\")\n[Category:English land case law](/wiki/Category:English_land_case_law \"English land case law\")\n[Category:1998 in United Kingdom case law](/wiki/Category:1998_in_United_Kingdom_case_law \"1998 in United Kingdom case law\")\n[Category:High Court of Justice cases](/wiki/Category:High_Court_of_Justice_cases \"High Court of Justice cases\")\n\n"
]
} |
Mordellistena curtelineata | {
"id": [
1398
],
"name": [
"William Avery"
]
} | owqhjyz8d7pib051p1obozmy0d76b46 | 2021-03-15T20:59:27Z | 1,012,338,007 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Mordellistena curtelineata*** is a [beetle](/wiki/Beetle \"Beetle\") in the genus *[Mordellistena](/wiki/Mordellistena \"Mordellistena\")* of the family [Mordellidae](/wiki/Mordellidae \"Mordellidae\"). It was described in 1927 by Píc.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[curtelineata](/wiki/Category:Mordellistena \"Mordellistena\")\n[Category:Beetles described in 1927](/wiki/Category:Beetles_described_in_1927 \"Beetles described in 1927\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Thursford Wood | {
"id": [
754619
],
"name": [
"BrownHairedGirl"
]
} | clq3ag7fv0jxvnfbjdpgupuc617pnx8 | 2022-04-25T03:54:26Z | 846,307,782 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Thursford Wood** is a nature reserve north\\-east of [Fakenham](/wiki/Fakenham \"Fakenham\") in [Norfolk](/wiki/Norfolk \"Norfolk\"). It is managed by the [Norfolk Wildlife Trust](/wiki/Norfolk_Wildlife_Trust \"Norfolk Wildlife Trust\").\n\nThe [oak](/wiki/Oak \"Oak\") trees in this wood are some of the oldest in the county, and some may be over 500 years old. The site also has a variety of woodland birds, as well as many ferns and fungi.\n\nThe site is open to the public.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Norfolk Wildlife Trust](/wiki/Category:Norfolk_Wildlife_Trust \"Norfolk Wildlife Trust\")\n\n"
]
} |
Ivory Coast mud turtle | {
"id": [
20010540
],
"name": [
"Jts1882"
]
} | mona52qlqa3yib0pdg1lkxzi7yftkvo | 2024-05-06T16:39:51Z | 1,145,269,823 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"Bibliography"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **Ivory Coast mud turtle** (***Pelusios cupulatta***) is a [species](/wiki/Species \"Species\") of [turtle](/wiki/Turtle \"Turtle\") in the family [Pelomedusidae](/wiki/Pelomedusidae \"Pelomedusidae\"). It is one of the most recently described turtle species.\n\n*Pelusios cupulatta* is typically found in riverine and wetland habitats mainly located in the southern Ivory Coast of West Africa. Endemic to the Upper Guinean forest region such as wetlands/rivers they are usually found primarily in forested banks as well as aquatic vegetation. Compared to other counterparts within its family, *P. Cupulatta* prefers an abundance of aquatic vegetation as its primary habitat. Despite this, *[Pelusios castaneus](/wiki/Pelusios_castaneus \"Pelusios castaneus\")* is a potential competitor due to similar habitats albeit different preferences regarding specific locations. Interspecific competition is able to regulate the coexistence of potential competitors but also niche expansion is available within the family when alone.\n\nComparative to other species at a local spatial level, *[Pelusios niger](/wiki/Pelusios_niger \"Pelusios niger\")* and *Pelusios cupulatta* both belong to larger size categories compared to others within the *Pelusios''' records with the maximum male SCL being 31\\.3 and the maximum female SCL being 27\\.1\\. The two different turtle species are also allopatric, meaning that they are related but occur in separate non\\-overlapping geographical areas compared to the sympatric of P. castaneus. White P. castaneus intensely uses forested banks, P, and cupulatta aren't typically found in such areas as they aim for places with large amounts of aquatic vegetation. In presence of* P. niger*,* P. cupulatta'' are usually found less than 10 km away showing how closely these two groups typically reside at roughly close locations. \n\nIt is found in [Sierra Leone](/wiki/Sierra_Leone \"Sierra Leone\"), [Liberia](/wiki/Liberia \"Liberia\"), [Côte d'Ivoire](/wiki/C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire \"Côte d'Ivoire\") ([Ivory Coast](/wiki/Ivory_Coast \"Ivory Coast\")), [Ghana](/wiki/Ghana \"Ghana\"), [Togo](/wiki/Togo \"Togo\") and [Benin](/wiki/Benin \"Benin\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\nLuiselli, L., Di Vittorio, M., Rhodin, A. G., \\& Iverson, J. B. (2021\\). Variation of Community Assembly rules of a whole turtle family (Pelomedusidae) from Continental to local scales in Africa. Ecological Research, 36(6\\), 961–976\\. [https://doi.org/10\\.1111/1440\\-1703\\.12255](https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1703.12255)\nLuiselli, L., Diagne, T., \\& Mcgovern, P. (2021\\). Prioritizing the next decade of freshwater turtle and tortoise conservation in West Africa. Journal for Nature Conservation, 60, 125977\\. [https://doi.org/10\\.1016/j.jnc.2021\\.125977](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2021.125977)\nPetrozzi, F., Ajong, S. N., Pacini, N., Dendi, D., Bi, S. G., Fa, J. E., \\& Luiselli, L. (2021\\). Spatial niche expansion at multiple habitat scales of a tropical freshwater turtle in the absence of a potential competitor. Diversity, 13(2\\), 55\\. [https://doi.org/10\\.3390/d13020055](https://doi.org/10.3390/d13020055)\n\n",
"Bibliography\n------------\n\n[Ivory Coast mud turtle](/wiki/Category:Pelusios \"Pelusios\")\n[Category:Reptiles of West Africa](/wiki/Category:Reptiles_of_West_Africa \"Reptiles of West Africa\")\n[Category:Fauna of Ivory Coast](/wiki/Category:Fauna_of_Ivory_Coast \"Fauna of Ivory Coast\")\n[Ivory Coast mud turtle](/wiki/Category:Reptiles_described_in_2003 \"Reptiles described in 2003\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Atommash | {
"id": [
46469420
],
"name": [
"OpalYosutebito"
]
} | 8k2aiebk5y2ygh4g46j5021py5vsj2o | 2023-12-29T00:22:28Z | 1,178,998,079 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"Soviet period: 1975–1991",
"First years of the post-Soviet period: 1991–1994",
"Bankruptcy of 1995–1999",
"Modern period (2000–2012)",
"Operations",
"Ownership",
"Interesting facts",
"Extra materials",
"Gallery",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
3,
3,
3,
3,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Atommash** () is a multidisciplinary engineering company located in [Volgodonsk](/wiki/Volgodonsk \"Volgodonsk\"), [Rostov Oblast](/wiki/Rostov_Oblast \"Rostov Oblast\"), Russia. It was established in 1976 as a [nuclear engineering](/wiki/Nuclear_engineering \"Nuclear engineering\") corporation. Following [privatization](/wiki/Privatization_in_Russia \"Privatization in Russia\") and bankruptcy in 1999, the industrial facilities of the enterprise were owned and managed by ZAO Energomash–Atommash, a part of the diversified engineering company [Energomash](/wiki/Energomash \"Energomash\").[World Nuclear Association \\- Russia's Nuclear Fuel Cycle *(Updated 31 March 2012\\)*](http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf45a_Russia_nuclear_fuel_cycle.html) \n\nSince 2015 the company has been part of [Atomenergomash](/wiki/Atomenergomash \"Atomenergomash\"), the mechanical engineering division of [Rosatom](/wiki/Rosatom \"Rosatom\"). Its current name is **\"AEM\\-technology\" JSC \"Atommash\" branch in Volgodonsk**.\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\n### Soviet period: 1975–1991\n\n[left\\|thumb\\|1977, builders of the future industrial giant](/wiki/File:RIAN_archive_587071_Builders_of_Atommash_Association_of_Enterprises.jpg \"RIAN archive 587071 Builders of Atommash Association of Enterprises.jpg\")\n\nOn May 22, 1970, a state committee for the construction of the plant was assembled. On July 8, 1972, official hiring process for workers and engineers started. On August 30, 1975, the first stilt of the Production Facility \\#1 was erected.\n\nIn 1973, the [Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union](/wiki/Politburo_of_the_Central_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union \"Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union\") made a decision to establish a major nuclear engineering enterprise in Volgodonsk, Rostov Oblast. There were several reasons for choosing Volgodonsk, and above all, the town's proximity to the country's southern deposits of [iron](/wiki/Iron \"Iron\") and [steel](/wiki/Steel \"Steel\"). Equally important was the opportunity to utilize the [Tsimlyansk Reservoir](/wiki/Tsimlyansk_Reservoir \"Tsimlyansk Reservoir\") and the [Volga–Don Canal](/wiki/Volga%E2%80%93Don_Canal \"Volga–Don Canal\") (which connects the reservoir to the [Volga](/wiki/Volga \"Volga\")) for shipping raw materials, components and assemblies to the plant and delivery of manufactured goods. Russia's internal waterway system made transportation of heavy and bulky items to the regions of the country and the world through the [Sea of Azov](/wiki/Sea_of_Azov \"Sea of Azov\"), the [Black](/wiki/Black_Sea \"Black Sea\") and [Caspian](/wiki/Caspian_Sea \"Caspian Sea\") seas easier and cheaper. Roads, railways and an airport were created in order to support the plant.[\"IA \\- ATOMMASH\" by S. Sadoshenko. Moskva, \"Plakat\", 1987 (pages 3\\-6, 10, 38\\). Library of Congress code DK651\\.V557 I18 1987](https://web.archive.org/web/20130722132022/http://lccn.loc.gov/86196685)\n[right\\|thumb\\|1981, a USSR postage stamp: \"From [Congress](/wiki/Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union \"Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union\") to Congress, the production of Atommash goes on\"](/wiki/File:Postage_stamp_of_USSR_-_Atommash%2C_1981%2C_4_kopecks.jpg \"Postage stamp of USSR - Atommash, 1981, 4 kopecks.jpg\")\n\nCapacity utilization planning revealed that electricity generated by three [hydropower stations](/wiki/Hydroelectricity \"Hydroelectricity\") of Volgodonsk is not sufficient. Therefore, it was decided to build the [Rostov Nuclear Power Plant](/wiki/Rostov_Nuclear_Power_Plant \"Rostov Nuclear Power Plant\"). In November 1974, the [USSR Council of Ministers](/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_%28Soviet_Union%29 \"Council of Ministers (Soviet Union)\") approved the technical design of the first stage of the industrial complex, which was originally called \"The Volgodonsk Heavy Machinery Plant\" (VZTM). Main tasks for the construction of VZTM (renamed to Atommash in March 1976\\) for the period from 1976 to 1980 were determined.\nAtommash started producing equipment for the nuclear energy industry in 1977\\. The cumulative power capacity produced by the company reached 3 GW by 1978 and 4 GW by 1979\\. In 1981, Atommash produced its first reactor for the second unit of the [South Ukraine Nuclear Power Plant](/wiki/South_Ukraine_Nuclear_Power_Plant \"South Ukraine Nuclear Power Plant\").\n\nAccording to the plan of socio\\-economic development of the region, a whole new city area (the so\\-called \"New City\") was built in Volgodonsk in order to support industrial and economical activities of Atommash. Before the construction of Atommash, the population of Volgodonsk was 35 thousand people; in 1981 there were about 135 thousand people living in the city. The expansion of the city area came together with modern residential areas, [nurseries](/wiki/Nursery_school \"Nursery school\"), [kindergartens](/wiki/Kindergarten \"Kindergarten\"), schools, hospitals, shopping centers, cafes and restaurants, laundries, sporting and fitness facilities, theatres, cinemas and more.\n\nThe [Chernobyl disaster](/wiki/Chernobyl_disaster \"Chernobyl disaster\") in 1986 and the [Dissolution of the Soviet Union](/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union \"Dissolution of the Soviet Union\") decreased the number of orders for the nuclear equipment, and the company had to expand the assortment of manufactured goods.[Energomash\\-Atommash: Company profile](http://www.energomash.ru/eng/atommash/company_profile/) \n\n### First years of the post\\-Soviet period: 1991–1994\n\nLike most Russian industrial enterprises, Atommash suffered greatly from the collapse of the Soviet Union. In 1991, the time of the collapse of the Soviet Union, the enterprise did not have enough finances to pay salaries. Orders dropped to 15% of the Soviet era volume. The company had to find customers outside Russia and to produce a broader scope of goods.[JPRS report: Soviet Union economic affairs \\- 10 July, 1991](http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf&AD=ADA369747) \n\n### Bankruptcy of 1995–1999\n\nAccording to [Decree](/wiki/Order_of_the_Government_of_Russia \"Order of the Government of Russia\") 1546\\-r dated 30\\.08\\.1993,[Decree of the Prime Minister of Russia №1546\\-r dated 30\\.08\\.1993 translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14797&Itemid=99999999) 378\\-r dated 25\\.03\\.1994[Decree of Prime Minister Chernomyrdin №378\\-r dated 25\\.03\\.1994 translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14794&Itemid=99999999) and 1437\\-r dated 08\\.09\\.1994[Decree of the Prime Minister of Russia №1437\\-r dated 08\\.09\\.1994translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14795&Itemid=99999999) of [Prime Minister](/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Russia \"Prime Minister of Russia\") [Viktor Chernomyrdin](/wiki/Viktor_Chernomyrdin \"Viktor Chernomyrdin\"), low\\-interest earmarked [loans](/wiki/Loan \"Loan\") were allocated to Atommash in order to preserve its unique facilities and support its development. However, in 1994 those loans have been redirected to commercial structures and only then offered as loans to Atommash, but this time at exorbitant interest rates. For example, from July to August 1994, Atommash OJSC was forced to take commercial loans issued by Commercial Bank Doninvest at 216% interest per annum.[Reconciliation Statement of accounts payable by Atommash OJSC to CB DONINVEST \\- 22\\.07\\.1995translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14801&Itemid=99999999) [A letter from Commercial Bank \"Doninvest\" to the Board of Directors of Atommash OJSC \\- 31\\.07\\.1995translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14804&Itemid=99999999) \n\nOn 21\\.05\\.1996 [Viktor Mikhaylov](/wiki/Viktor_Mikhaylov_%28academic%29 \"Viktor Mikhaylov (academic)\"), Russian Minister for Atomic Energy, wrote an official letter D\\-M\\-27/4\\-01 to Vladimir Gusev, the chairman of the committee for industry, construction, transport and energy of the Russian [State Duma](/wiki/State_Duma \"State Duma\"). In his letter, Mikhaylov says that, according to Instruction P\\-593ns of the Russian Government dated 04\\.10\\.1995, the Ministry of Atomic Energy (MinAtom) made a proposal to the [Federal Agency for State Property Management (Goskomimuschestvo)](/wiki/Rosimushchestvo \"Rosimushchestvo\"), Federal Agency for Bankruptcy Proceedings and the Government of Rostov Oblast to convert the \"golden share\" into an ordinary stock and keep the unsold shares of Atommash OJSC in the federal property for up to 3 years. However, this proposal was not accepted, and the Ministry of Atomic Energy lost all control over the activities of Atommash OJSC. Hence, writes Mikhaylov, having decided to introduce external management on Atommash OJSC and having declined MinAtom's proposal, the three aforesaid agencies – Goskomimuschestvo, Federal Agency for Bankruptcy Proceedings and the Government of Rostov Oblast – took full responsibility for the future fate of Atommash.[A letter of the Minister for Atomic Energy D\\-M\\-27/4\\-01 dated 21\\.05\\.1996translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14765&Itemid=99999999) \n\nThe financial recovery plan introduced as of November 29, 1995, by the decision of the [Arbitration](/wiki/Arbitration \"Arbitration\") court, brought no results as jobs continued declining and social tensions grew. The [Russian Ministry of Atomic Energy](/wiki/Rosatom \"Rosatom\") proposed the following action plan to save the enterprise:\n* Write off the debt on loans of Atommash owed to the [Ministry of Finance of Russia](/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_%28Russia%29 \"Ministry of Finance (Russia)\") (22 billion rubles), as well as respective interest and penalties as of September 1, 1996\\.\n* Release Atommash from paying all kinds of taxes to the federal and local budgets from September 1, 1996, to December 31, 1997\\.\n* Offer an installment plan ([layaway](/wiki/Layaway \"Layaway\")) from January 1, 1998, to December 31, 2000, for the current accruals to the budgets of all levels.\n* Sell the unsold 30% shares of Atommash to private shareholders under investment conditions.[Letter of the Russian Ministry of Atomic Energy to officials dated 12\\.09\\.1996 translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14826&Itemid=99999999) \n\nHowever, those actions were not taken. The Arbitration court of Rostov Oblast appointed Alexander Stepanov the external manager ([bankruptcy referee](/wiki/Referee_in_Bankruptcy \"Referee in Bankruptcy\")) of Atommash OJSC. At the time, Stepanov was First Vice President (and, since 1996, CEO) of Energomashcorporatsiya (EMK) JSC, a direct competitor of Atommash. Stepanov's appointment was actively lobbied by Tatiana Gramotenko, the Chief agent for bankruptcy proceedings in Rostov Oblast. Several Founders of EMK JSC were direct competitors of Atommash OJSC, which was a violation of the Russian antitrust law. The audit conducted by the Audit Chamber of Russian Federation showed that in a matter of one year EMK, controlled by its CEO Stepanov (at the same time the bankruptcy referee of Atommash OJSC), managed to buy 10\\.8% share in Atommash OJSC and more than 40% of its debt, which, according to the [competition law](/wiki/Competition_law \"Competition law\"), clearly poses a [conflict of interest](/wiki/Conflict_of_interest \"Conflict of interest\").\n\nGovernor of Rostov Oblast [Vladimir Chub](/wiki/Vladimir_Chub \"Vladimir Chub\") used the letter of MinAtom of Russia No.03\\-2739 from 12\\.09\\.1996 in Stepanov's interests. In his appeal No.1/6049 to the General Director of the Federal Service for Bankruptcy Proceedings Peter Mostovoy, Chub asks to [write off](/wiki/Write-off \"Write-off\"), through the reduction of [capital surplus](/wiki/Capital_surplus \"Capital surplus\"), specific [fixed assets](/wiki/Fixed_assets \"Fixed assets\") and objects under construction of Atommash OJSC for an amount of 878 billion rubles.[A letter of Governor Vladimir Chub №1/6049 from 19\\.09\\.1996translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14760&Itemid=99999999) This led to a reduction of company's assets, the book value of which has already been drastically discounted. Governor Vladimir Chub had no authority to address the General Director of FSBP Mostovoy with a request to approve markdowns and write\\-offs of assets, which were a legitimate property of thousands of rightful shareholders, of which Russian Federation with its 30% share was the biggest.\n\nApart from the reduction of the asset value of Atommash, its workshops and equipment were leased to various [limited liability partnerships](/wiki/Limited_liability_partnership \"Limited liability partnership\") (LLP) on conditions that were extremely disadvantageous to Atommash. LLPs, owned by the corrupt external management of Atommash, obtained strategic raw materials, components and [semi\\-finished products](/wiki/Intermediate_good \"Intermediate good\") at extremely low prices. Products manufactured by those LLPs on the territory of Atommash, were sold at a profit for the LLPs, while the damage (losses) was reflected on the balance sheet of Atommash OJSC. Colossal non\\-core assets and vast territories of Atommash, including agricultural companies with their land, were also expropriated.[\"Atommash is not ours anymore?\" / \"Soviet Russia\" newspaper, №2 (13364\\) of 14\\.01\\.2010](http://www.sovross.ru/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=56845) (Russian)\n\nAccording to the Plan of the Bankruptcy referee of Atommash OJSC Alexander Stepanov, a new company called EMK\\-Atommash JSC was created (Protocol No.3 of the Meeting of [creditors](/wiki/Creditor \"Creditor\") of Atommash OJSC of 22\\.11\\.1996\\). The new company had two founders: Atommash OJSC (85,7% of charter capital) and Stepanov's EMK (14,3%).[\"A very illusory investor\" / \"Novaya Gazeta\" newspaper, 17\\.07\\.2000(Russian)](http://www.novayagazeta.ru/society/10485.html) In January 1997, 70% of the assets of Atommash were transferred to EMK\\-Atommash JSC. Atommash OJSC contributed its [liquid assets](/wiki/Liquid_assets \"Liquid assets\") (fixed assets, [current assets](/wiki/Current_assets \"Current assets\"), [intangible assets](/wiki/Intangible_assets \"Intangible assets\")) and production assets to the charter capital of EMK\\-Atommash JSC. Illiquid assets (construction in progress, industrial sites, railways, etc.) remained on the balance sheet of Atommash OJSC. After that, EMK\\-Atommash JSC stock was transferred to EMK JSC.[\"A taste for bankruptcy\" / \"Nezavisimaya Gazeta\" newspaper, 13\\.12\\.2011](http://www.ng.ru/regions/2011-12-13/5_bankrotstvo.html) \n\nAlexander Stepanov, now the CEO of \"Energomashinostroitelnaya corporatsiya\" JSC and at the same time the Bankruptcy referee of Atommash OJSC, wrote a letter on 05\\.05\\.1997 to the First Deputy Minister for Atomic Energy Lev Ryabev, assuring that he had understood the concern of MinAtom about the financial state of Atommash, and therefore suggested to work together to support EMK\\-Atommash JSC, his new company. In this letter Stepanov tried to convince MinAtom that there was no reason for worries, since the production facilities of Atommash were preserved, technological routines for manufacturing of core production were uninterrupted, and the establishment of EMK\\-Atommash JSC would not lead to restraint of competition. According to Stepanov's letter, the fact of trading liquid assets of Atommash OJSC for EMK\\-Atommash JSC stock would give the nearly bankrupt company a chance for a settlement with creditors. At the same time Stepanov, head of both companies, positions liquid assets which Atommash OJSC contributed to the charter capital of EMK\\-Atommash JSC as long\\-term investments.[A letter of A. Stepanov (bankruptcy referee of Atommash and CEO of EMK) of 05\\.05\\.1997(translation)](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14776&Itemid=99999999) \n\nIn reality, however, the \"Plan of external management and financial recovery on Atommash OJSC for the period from 29\\.11\\.1995 to 29\\.05\\.1997\" did not lead to stabilization. Jobs were cut dramatically, [wages](/wiki/Wage \"Wage\") were not paid, social tensions were spreading across the entire Volgodonsk city. While the assets of Atommash (through write\\-offs) and their value (through markdowns) have been reduced sharply, accounts payable, which were growing exponentially, started looking significant in comparison. As a result of the obviously inefficient external management on Atommash OJSC, the Arbitrary Court of Rostov Oblast made a decision to recognize the company bankrupt. Formally, Atommash OJSC was forcibly liquidated as a legal entity on 25\\.11\\.1999\\.\n\nThus, the bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC was, in practice, carried out in the interests of EMK\\-Atommash JSC which inherited all liquid assets and production facilities of Atommash OJSC.[A Contract Bankruptcy / \"Novaya Gazeta\" newspaper, №66 of 11\\.09\\.2000](http://www.novayagazeta.ru/society/10069.html) After the forced liquidation of Atommash OJSC, its unique industrial complex was controlled by several affiliates of EMK\\-Atommash JSC, including Energomash\\-Atommash LLC and, finally, Energomash\\-Atommash JSC of the [Energomash](/wiki/Energomash \"Energomash\") group.\n\nThe bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC was inspected by the Audit Chamber of Russian Federation at the request of the committee for industry, construction, transport and scientific technologies of the [State Duma](/wiki/State_Duma \"State Duma\") of Russian Federation No.3\\.11\\-21/1312 dated 21\\.10\\.2000\\. This audit showed that, with the complicity of specific officials, the State suffered colossal material damage. In particular, the State lost a 30% stake in Atommash OJSC. The purpose of the bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC was to deprive its majority shareholders – the State itself and Concern YACONTO JSC (Russia, Moscow) – of their property, and therefore, of control over the economic, financial and production activities of the industrial giant. As a result of the Audit, the College of the Audit Chamber of Russian Federation issued a Definition No.6(289\\) dated 22\\.02\\.2002\\.[Report of the Audit Chamber of RF on the bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC dated 22\\.02\\.2002 (excerpt)](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=16769&Itemid=99999999) \n\nBankruptcy of the strategic company caused great resonance in the Russian President's Administration and the Russian Government. First Deputy Secretary of the [Security Council of Russia](/wiki/Security_Council_of_Russia \"Security Council of Russia\") [Mikhail Fradkov](/wiki/Mikhail_Fradkov \"Mikhail Fradkov\"), in his Letter to the Deputy Prime Minister of Russia [Viktor Khristenko](/wiki/Viktor_Khristenko \"Viktor Khristenko\") (No.A21\\-1175 dated 28\\.03\\.2001\\), asks to conduct a verification of the actions of the Federal agency for insolvency (bankruptcy) proceedings against Atommash OJSC.[A letter of First Deputy Secretary of the Security Council Mikhail Fradkov of 28\\.03\\.2001(translation)](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14837&Itemid=99999999) \n\nOn 25\\.12\\.2009 the Deputy of the Russian State Duma [Anatoly Lisitsyn](/wiki/Anatoly_Lisitsyn \"Anatoly Lisitsyn\") sent a letter (ref. LIS\\-767/GD) to [Vladimir Putin](/wiki/Vladimir_Putin \"Vladimir Putin\"), the [Prime Minister of Russia](/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Russia \"Prime Minister of Russia\") at the time, asking to conduct an independent investigation of the bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC on the basis of the audit conducted by the Audit Chamber and the Definition issued by its college.[A letter of the Deputy of Russian State Duma Anatoly Lisitsyn to Prime Minister Vladimir Putin \\- 25\\.12\\.2009 translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=15087&Itemid=99999999) The Deputy [Prosecutor General of Russia](/wiki/Prosecutor_General_of_Russia \"Prosecutor General of Russia\") Viktor Grin replied on 01\\.02\\.2010 to the State Duma that the bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC has been verified by the investigation department of Volgodonsk police. However, the police did not take the materials of the Audit Chamber into account, therefore, their resolution \"not to initiate criminal proceedings\" was cancelled and another inspection prescribed. The second inspection did not bring any result either.[A letter from the Prosecutor's Office of Rostov Oblast to YACONTO LLC dated 15\\.11\\.2011 translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14623&Itemid=99999999) Dissatisfied with the answer, on 21\\.12\\.2010 Anatoly Lisitsyn sent a letter (ref. No.LIS\\-1282/GD) to the [President of Russia](/wiki/President_of_Russia \"President of Russia\") [Dmitry Medvedev](/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev \"Dmitry Medvedev\"), asking to order the respective authorities to secure Russia's national interests by assisting the Presidential Control Directorate in their inspection (ref. A8\\-6296\\-5 dated 02\\.11\\.2010\\) of the unprecedented premeditated bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC.[A letter of the Deputy of Russian State Duma Anatoly Lisitsyn to President Dmitry Medvedev \\- 21\\.12\\.2010translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=15326&Itemid=99999999) As a result, on 08\\.07\\.2011 President Medvedev issued a [Decree](/wiki/Decree_of_the_President_of_Russia \"Decree of the President of Russia\") (ref. Pr\\-1948\\), ordering Prime Minister Putin to consider purchasing the facilities of Atommash so they can be managed by [Rosatom](/wiki/Rosatom \"Rosatom\") and at the same time ordering [Rashid Nurgaliyev](/wiki/Rashid_Nurgaliyev \"Rashid Nurgaliyev\"), Russia's [Minister of Internal Affairs](/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_%28Russia%29 \"Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia)\") at the time, to conduct another verification of the bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC, as per the materials presented by the General Prosecutor's Office and take action as appropriate.[Presidential Decree of Dmitry Medvedev №Pr\\-1948 dated 08\\.07\\.2011translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=15131&Itemid=99999999) [Order of the Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin №VP\\-P7\\-4798 dated 13\\.07\\.2011translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=15136&Itemid=99999999) \n\n### Modern period (2000–2012\\)\n\nThe restructured Atommash became multidisciplinary. The company started manufacturing technical equipment including single, one\\-of\\-a\\-kind items. For example, a 140\\-ton vehicle which lifts the rocket and puts it upright on a launcher was manufactured on Atommash for the [Sea Launch](/wiki/Sea_Launch \"Sea Launch\") project.[Atommash targets space/ News of cosmonautics №24, 1997 (rus)](http://www.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/content/numbers/165/12.shtml) \n\nIn 2001, Atommash manufactured several items for the [Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant](/wiki/Bushehr_Nuclear_Power_Plant \"Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant\"), including the footing for the reactor and four 82\\-ton water tanks.[Iran Nuclear Chronology, May 2011](http://www.nti.org/media/pdfs/iran_nuclear.pdf?_=1316542527) .\n\nSince 2002 the facilities are utilized for mass production of [gas turbines](/wiki/Gas_turbine \"Gas turbine\") for small capacity [CHP plants](/wiki/Cogeneration \"Cogeneration\") (up to 36 MW). By 2003, the number of employees on the company shrunk to 4,300 with the volume of output of 1\\.4 billion rubles. In 2004, the company's management announced a four\\-fold reduction in output for nuclear energy and the orientation of the main production to consumers in the gas industry.[Atommash turns away from civilian nuclear/ Commersant, №22 (2861\\), 07\\.02\\.2004 (rus)](http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/447563?isSearch=True) In 2009 Atommash re\\-initiated the manufacturing of equipment for nuclear power plants.\n\nIn his interview of May 2006, [Sergey Kiriyenko](/wiki/Sergey_Kiriyenko \"Sergey Kiriyenko\"), the head of State nuclear energy Corporation Rosatom, said that Rosatom is interested in employing the capacities of Atommash for the needs of Russian nuclear industry. *\"If the plant can and wants to return to the nuclear power industry, we are ready to discuss the matter. We can also promote the process by making direct contracts with Atommash, creating a joint venture and singling out its nuclear division. Any forms would be acceptable.\"*, said Kiriyenko.[BBC Monitoring Central Asia \\- \"Queuing for atom\", Yuzhnyy Reporter \\- 17\\.04\\.2006](http://www.arizonaenergy.org/News_06/News%20May06/Russian%20official%20maps%20out%20plans%20to%20revive%20nuclear%20power%20industry.htm) \n\nIn May 2010, [VTB](/wiki/VTB \"VTB\") bank (Russia, Moscow) filed a petition with the court, asking to initiate bankruptcy proceedings against \"Energomash\\-Atommash\" LLC. As per the petition, the company's debt the Bank is 356,5 million rubles (about $12 mln). The total debt of Energomash Group to VTB exceeds 1 billion rubles ($30 million). The total debt of Energomash Group to all Russian banks combined is estimated at nearly 30 billion rubles ($1 billion). Liquid assets, primarily, production facilities of \"Energomash\\-Atommash\" LLC were transferred to a new legal entity – \"Energomash\\-Atommash\" JSC.[Atommash will pay for other's debts](http://www.kommersant.ru/doc.aspx?DocsID=1370175), *Kommersant* newspaper №85(4383\\) of 15\\.05\\.2010 \n\nOn 18\\.10\\.2011 Deputy of the Russian State Duma Anatoly Lisitsyn appealed to Russian President Dmitry Medvedev (ref. LIS\\-1676/GD)[A letter of the Deputy of Russian State Duma Anatoly Lisitsyn to President Dmitry Medvedev \\- 18\\.10\\.2011(translation)](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=15135&Itemid=99999999) asking to support the proposal of YACONTO LLC, the legal successor of Concern YACONTO JSC and the [majority shareholder](/wiki/Majority_shareholder \"Majority shareholder\") of Atommash OJSC, to restore the [status quo](/wiki/Status_quo \"Status quo\") of Atommash OJSC through the implementation of the so\\-called \"Project\\-A\" or an alternative option.[A letter of YACONTO LLC to the Russian President Dmitry Medvedev ref. №111018\\-A01 of 18\\.10\\.2011translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14441&Itemid=99999999) In his reply from 06\\.04\\.2012 No.1\\-13/12160 to the letter that YACONTO LLC sent to [President of Russia](/wiki/President_of_Russia \"President of Russia\") [Dmitry Medvedev](/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev \"Dmitry Medvedev\") on 27\\.02\\.2012 (ref. No.120227\\-А01\\),[A letter from YACONTO LLC, the majority shareholder of Atommash, to Russian President Dmitry Medvedev №120227\\-А01 of 27\\.02\\.2012translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=15597&Itemid=99999999) the Deputy Chief of [Rosatom Nuclear Energy State Corporation](/wiki/Rosatom \"Rosatom\") Kirill Komarov says that Rosatom shares the shareholder's concern about the current state of Atommash, since the facilities of the latter, still one of the biggest power engineering companies in Russia, are being used for the production of equipment for the nuclear industry.[A letter from Rosatom Nuclear Energy State Corporation dated 06\\.04\\.2012 ref. №1\\-13/12160translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=15606&Itemid=99999999) The letter of Rosatom also indicates that \"Project\\-A\" is within the competence of the [Federal Agency for State Property Management (Rosimushchestvo)](/wiki/Rosimushchestvo \"Rosimushchestvo\"), since, according to the [Decree of the Russian Government](/wiki/Order_of_the_Government_of_Russia \"Order of the Government of Russia\") No.432 of 05\\.06\\.2008, Rosimushchestvo is responsible for protection of legitimate interests of Russian Federation when it comes to state property management.[Federal Agency for State Property Management (Decree N432 of 05\\.06\\.2008 avail only in Russian)](http://government.ru/eng/power/83/print/) \n\nThe Investigative Committee of [Russian Ministry of the Interior](/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_%28Russia%29 \"Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia)\") instituted [criminal proceedings](/wiki/Criminal_proceedings \"Criminal proceedings\") against Alexander Stepanov, the owner of Energomash Corporation and former bankruptcy Referee of Atommash OJSC. Stepanov is charged with fraud with a commercial loan issued by [Sberbank](/wiki/Sberbank \"Sberbank\") in the amount of 12\\.7 billion rubles (nearly US$413 million).[RAPSI \\- Case of former Energomash CEO submitted to court \\- 16\\.05\\.2012](http://rapsinews.com/judicial_news/20120516/263165567.html) [Criminal prosecution](/wiki/Criminal_prosecution \"Criminal prosecution\") against Alexander Stepanov was triggered by a personal Statement from [German Gref](/wiki/German_Gref \"German Gref\"), the CEO \\& President of [Sberbank](/wiki/Sberbank \"Sberbank\"). After the investigation, the case was transferred to a Presnensky court of Moscow (Case No.1\\-149 / 2012, art.30 p. 3, art.159 p. 4 of the [Criminal Code of Russia](/wiki/Criminal_Code_of_Russia \"Criminal Code of Russia\") – large\\-scale fraud and [attempted crime](/wiki/Attempt%23The_actus_reus_of_attempted_crime \"Attempt#The actus reus of attempted crime\")). Charges in fraudulent bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC, however, were not brought in this criminal case.\n\nAs Alexander Stepanov told his defense attorneys, his [arrest](/wiki/Arrest \"Arrest\") (which took place on 01\\.02\\.2011\\)[ITAR\\-TASS News Agency \\- Former Energomash holding director sentenced \\- 31\\.10\\.2012](http://www.itar-tass.com/en/c154/559999.html) was preceded by several business meetings with representatives of Sberbank. Each meeting was accompanied by extortion and threats to have Stepanov arrested if he does not fulfill the requests of the extortionists within a month. Stepanov claims that representatives of Sberbank and German Gref personally demanded 100 million U.S. dollars in cash and a 75% share in the Energomash holding, in exchange for cessation of persecution. On top of that, says Stepanov, he was expected to \"donate\" several assets to Sergey Kiriyenko – the Head of State Corporation \"Rosatom\" – personally. The above gave Stepanov a reason to announce that the loan issued by Sberbank to Energomash Group was, in fact, a cunning attempt to obtain the unparalleled industrial facilities of Atommash OJSC by arresting his property, the [market value](/wiki/Market_value \"Market value\") of which is several times greater than the commercial loan he took from Sberbank.[The Moscow Post \\- \"The Energomash case: USD $100 million extortion and a spy trail in Rosatom\" by D. Kalinin \\- 16\\.02\\.2011(in Russian)](http://moscow-post.ru/economics/001297855354932/) \n\nAt the official proposal of State Corporation for Nuclear Energy \"Rosatom\" regarding restoration of the status quo of Atommash OJSC through the implementation of Project\\-A, YACONTO LLC has sent two Statements to the Federal Agency for State Property Management (\"Rosimuschestvo\") (out. No.120614\\-A01 from 14\\.06\\.2012 and No.120702\\-A01 from 02\\.07\\.2012\\). In particular, the said Statements imply that the implementation of Project\\-A will restore the status quo of Atommash OJSC and bring back 30% of its shares to the State, ensure payment of all its debts to [third parties](/wiki/Party_%28law%29 \"Party (law)\") and oblige the guilty party to compensate for the inflicted damage. The State will accumulate the [controlling stake](/wiki/Controlling_interest \"Controlling interest\") in Atommash OJSC by exchanging the 28\\.5% interest owned by YACONTO LLC for property agreed with investors and partners. The interest accumulated by the State in Atommash OJSC and other assets, obtained as compensation for the damage dealt to Atommash, may be transferred to an appropriate [trust](/wiki/Trust_law \"Trust law\") authorized by the State to carry out the development of nuclear engineering and to implement socio\\-economic programs in Russia and abroad. As per the Statements, the implementation of \"Project\\-A\" will correspond to the interests of nearly all opposing parties, through [settlement](/wiki/Settlement_%28litigation%29 \"Settlement (litigation)\") of conflicts, disputes, claims, by means of a [know\\-how](/wiki/Know-how \"Know-how\") framework.[Website of YACONTO company \\- news of 02\\.07\\.2012](http://yaconto.com/7-yaconto-rosimuschestvo-20062012-en.html) \n\nYACONTO LLC appealed to Russian President Vladimir Putin with a Statement (out. No.120815\\-А01 of 15\\.08\\.2012\\), openly published on www.yaconto.com.[Statement of YACONTO LLC to President of RF Putin V.V. (violation of rights in RF) №120815\\-A01 of 15\\.08\\.2012translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=15782&Itemid=99999999) The grounds for addressing the Guarantor of [Constitution of Russia](/wiki/Constitution_of_Russia \"Constitution of Russia\") were set by replies sent by Rosimuschestvo (out. No.DP\\-13/26669 of 13\\.07\\.2012 and out. No.13/30986 of 03\\.08\\.2012\\), in response to Statements of YACONTO LLC (out. No.120614\\-A01 of 14\\.06\\.2012 and out. No.120702\\-A01 of 02\\.07\\.2012\\) regarding restoration of the status\\-quo of Atommash OJSC through the implementation of Project\\-A. The reply received from the [North Caucasian Federal District](/wiki/North_Caucasian_Federal_District \"North Caucasian Federal District\") Headquarters of the [Investigative Committee of Russia](/wiki/Investigative_Committee_of_Russia \"Investigative Committee of Russia\") (out. No.301/23\\-4686\\-12 of 05\\.09\\.2012\\),[Reply of NCD IC of RF to YACONTO LLC (RE Statement to President of RF) №301/23\\-4686\\-12 of 05\\.09\\.2012translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=16579&Itemid=99999999) which speak of inspections of the premeditated bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC carried out by the branches of the [Russian Ministry of Interior](/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_%28Russia%29 \"Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia)\") and General Prosecutor's Office in Rostov region, prompted YACONTO LLC to address Vladimir Putin with a [Complaint](/wiki/Complaint \"Complaint\") (out. No.120924\\-А01 of 24\\.09\\.2012\\).[Complaint of YACONTO LLC to President of RF Putin V.V. (violation of rights in RF) №120924\\-A01 of 24\\.09\\.2012translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=16670&Itemid=99999999) Disappearance[Reply from RF Presidential Directorate for CCO from Kuprin Y.P. to YACONTO LLC №A26\\-02\\-564690 of 27\\.09\\.2012translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=16628&Itemid=99999999) of YACONTO LLC's Statement (out. No.120815\\-А01 of 15\\.08\\.2012\\), addressed to Russian President Vladimir Putin personally, from the [Presidential Administration of Russia](/wiki/Presidential_Administration_of_Russia \"Presidential Administration of Russia\"), and the 3 (three) letters from federal authorities, became a reason for YACONTO LLC to appeal to the Russian President once again (out. No.121009\\-A01 of 09\\.10\\.2012\\) with extended information about the activity of [corrupt officials](/wiki/Corruption \"Corruption\"), involved in the bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC.[Statement of YACONTO LLC to President of RF Putin V.V. (violation of rights in RF) №121009\\-A01 of 09\\.10\\.2012translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=16631&Itemid=99999999) \n\nOn 29\\.10\\.2012 Moscow's Presnenskiy district court sentenced the former director of the Energomash group Alexander Stepanov to 4\\.5 years in prison at the lawsuit from Sberbank of Russia, finding him guilty of attempted 12\\-billion\\-ruble fraud and exceeding his authority. This, however, did not prevent the [Saint Petersburg](/wiki/Saint_Petersburg \"Saint Petersburg\")\\-based Engineering Company AEM\\-technology JSC (a subsidiary of [Atomenergomash](/wiki/Atomenergomash \"Atomenergomash\"), a part of the Rosatom State corporation) from leasing the production assets of the former Atommash OJSC. [Russia's target of 23%](/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_Russia \"Nuclear power in Russia\") of country's electricity to be generated by nuclear power plants by 2020, as well as works under existing (not including future) contracts for construction of NPPs for different countries, proved to be too ambitious[Nuclear Power in Russia \\- updated October 2012](http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf45.htm) and hardly feasible without the facilities of Atommash. Lease of the production facilities which used to belong to Atommash OJSC, transferred to EMK\\-Atommash JSC after the bankruptcy of the former, and then again to \"Energomash\\-Atommash\" LLC (part of Mr. Stepanov's Energomash Group) appears strange, considering the fact that Stepanov was jailed for large\\-scale fraud committed in Russia and abroad. The [Federal Antimonopoly Service](/wiki/Federal_Antimonopoly_Service \"Federal Antimonopoly Service\") of Russia (FAS), by its decision of October 16, met the petition filed by the Engineering Company AEM\\-technology regarding the acquisition for temporary ownership and use under a lease contract of up to 100% of fixed production assets of Atommash.[Nuclear.RU web portal: AEM\\-technology to lease 100% of Atommash assets \\- 16\\.10\\.2012](http://www.nuclear.ru/eng/press/other_news/2128289/?print_version=1)\n\nProduction of modern high\\-tech equipment for development of nuclear industry around the world will be facilitated by Atomenergoprom JSC and the French corporation [Alstom](/wiki/Alstom \"Alstom\") as a joint venture \"Alstom\\-Atomenergomash\" LLC (JV AAEM) on the premises of Atommash OJSC, leased by State Corporation Rosatom in late 2012\\.[Official website of JV Alstom\\-Atomenergomash](http://www.alstom.com/it/press-centre/2012/12/board-of-directors-of-aaem-decided-on-a-site-to-locate-production-of-arabelle-equipment/) The joint venture \"Alstom – Atomenergomash\" was established back in 2007[Official website of JV Alstom\\-Atomenergomash](http://www.alstom.com/Russia/projects/power-aaem/) but did not have sufficient industrial capacity with respective infrastructure; State Corporation Rosatom was not able to provide those either. Thus, unique capacities of the former Atommash OJSC and its developed infrastructure found themselves in high demand in Russia which carries out a long\\-term large scale program for mass manufacturing of high\\-end goods for nuclear engineering for Russian and foreign customers alike.\n\n",
"### Soviet period: 1975–1991\n\n[left\\|thumb\\|1977, builders of the future industrial giant](/wiki/File:RIAN_archive_587071_Builders_of_Atommash_Association_of_Enterprises.jpg \"RIAN archive 587071 Builders of Atommash Association of Enterprises.jpg\")\n\nOn May 22, 1970, a state committee for the construction of the plant was assembled. On July 8, 1972, official hiring process for workers and engineers started. On August 30, 1975, the first stilt of the Production Facility \\#1 was erected.\n\nIn 1973, the [Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union](/wiki/Politburo_of_the_Central_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union \"Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union\") made a decision to establish a major nuclear engineering enterprise in Volgodonsk, Rostov Oblast. There were several reasons for choosing Volgodonsk, and above all, the town's proximity to the country's southern deposits of [iron](/wiki/Iron \"Iron\") and [steel](/wiki/Steel \"Steel\"). Equally important was the opportunity to utilize the [Tsimlyansk Reservoir](/wiki/Tsimlyansk_Reservoir \"Tsimlyansk Reservoir\") and the [Volga–Don Canal](/wiki/Volga%E2%80%93Don_Canal \"Volga–Don Canal\") (which connects the reservoir to the [Volga](/wiki/Volga \"Volga\")) for shipping raw materials, components and assemblies to the plant and delivery of manufactured goods. Russia's internal waterway system made transportation of heavy and bulky items to the regions of the country and the world through the [Sea of Azov](/wiki/Sea_of_Azov \"Sea of Azov\"), the [Black](/wiki/Black_Sea \"Black Sea\") and [Caspian](/wiki/Caspian_Sea \"Caspian Sea\") seas easier and cheaper. Roads, railways and an airport were created in order to support the plant.[\"IA \\- ATOMMASH\" by S. Sadoshenko. Moskva, \"Plakat\", 1987 (pages 3\\-6, 10, 38\\). Library of Congress code DK651\\.V557 I18 1987](https://web.archive.org/web/20130722132022/http://lccn.loc.gov/86196685)\n[right\\|thumb\\|1981, a USSR postage stamp: \"From [Congress](/wiki/Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union \"Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union\") to Congress, the production of Atommash goes on\"](/wiki/File:Postage_stamp_of_USSR_-_Atommash%2C_1981%2C_4_kopecks.jpg \"Postage stamp of USSR - Atommash, 1981, 4 kopecks.jpg\")\n\nCapacity utilization planning revealed that electricity generated by three [hydropower stations](/wiki/Hydroelectricity \"Hydroelectricity\") of Volgodonsk is not sufficient. Therefore, it was decided to build the [Rostov Nuclear Power Plant](/wiki/Rostov_Nuclear_Power_Plant \"Rostov Nuclear Power Plant\"). In November 1974, the [USSR Council of Ministers](/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_%28Soviet_Union%29 \"Council of Ministers (Soviet Union)\") approved the technical design of the first stage of the industrial complex, which was originally called \"The Volgodonsk Heavy Machinery Plant\" (VZTM). Main tasks for the construction of VZTM (renamed to Atommash in March 1976\\) for the period from 1976 to 1980 were determined.\nAtommash started producing equipment for the nuclear energy industry in 1977\\. The cumulative power capacity produced by the company reached 3 GW by 1978 and 4 GW by 1979\\. In 1981, Atommash produced its first reactor for the second unit of the [South Ukraine Nuclear Power Plant](/wiki/South_Ukraine_Nuclear_Power_Plant \"South Ukraine Nuclear Power Plant\").\n\nAccording to the plan of socio\\-economic development of the region, a whole new city area (the so\\-called \"New City\") was built in Volgodonsk in order to support industrial and economical activities of Atommash. Before the construction of Atommash, the population of Volgodonsk was 35 thousand people; in 1981 there were about 135 thousand people living in the city. The expansion of the city area came together with modern residential areas, [nurseries](/wiki/Nursery_school \"Nursery school\"), [kindergartens](/wiki/Kindergarten \"Kindergarten\"), schools, hospitals, shopping centers, cafes and restaurants, laundries, sporting and fitness facilities, theatres, cinemas and more.\n\nThe [Chernobyl disaster](/wiki/Chernobyl_disaster \"Chernobyl disaster\") in 1986 and the [Dissolution of the Soviet Union](/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union \"Dissolution of the Soviet Union\") decreased the number of orders for the nuclear equipment, and the company had to expand the assortment of manufactured goods.[Energomash\\-Atommash: Company profile](http://www.energomash.ru/eng/atommash/company_profile/) \n\n",
"### First years of the post\\-Soviet period: 1991–1994\n\nLike most Russian industrial enterprises, Atommash suffered greatly from the collapse of the Soviet Union. In 1991, the time of the collapse of the Soviet Union, the enterprise did not have enough finances to pay salaries. Orders dropped to 15% of the Soviet era volume. The company had to find customers outside Russia and to produce a broader scope of goods.[JPRS report: Soviet Union economic affairs \\- 10 July, 1991](http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf&AD=ADA369747) \n\n",
"### Bankruptcy of 1995–1999\n\nAccording to [Decree](/wiki/Order_of_the_Government_of_Russia \"Order of the Government of Russia\") 1546\\-r dated 30\\.08\\.1993,[Decree of the Prime Minister of Russia №1546\\-r dated 30\\.08\\.1993 translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14797&Itemid=99999999) 378\\-r dated 25\\.03\\.1994[Decree of Prime Minister Chernomyrdin №378\\-r dated 25\\.03\\.1994 translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14794&Itemid=99999999) and 1437\\-r dated 08\\.09\\.1994[Decree of the Prime Minister of Russia №1437\\-r dated 08\\.09\\.1994translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14795&Itemid=99999999) of [Prime Minister](/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Russia \"Prime Minister of Russia\") [Viktor Chernomyrdin](/wiki/Viktor_Chernomyrdin \"Viktor Chernomyrdin\"), low\\-interest earmarked [loans](/wiki/Loan \"Loan\") were allocated to Atommash in order to preserve its unique facilities and support its development. However, in 1994 those loans have been redirected to commercial structures and only then offered as loans to Atommash, but this time at exorbitant interest rates. For example, from July to August 1994, Atommash OJSC was forced to take commercial loans issued by Commercial Bank Doninvest at 216% interest per annum.[Reconciliation Statement of accounts payable by Atommash OJSC to CB DONINVEST \\- 22\\.07\\.1995translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14801&Itemid=99999999) [A letter from Commercial Bank \"Doninvest\" to the Board of Directors of Atommash OJSC \\- 31\\.07\\.1995translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14804&Itemid=99999999) \n\nOn 21\\.05\\.1996 [Viktor Mikhaylov](/wiki/Viktor_Mikhaylov_%28academic%29 \"Viktor Mikhaylov (academic)\"), Russian Minister for Atomic Energy, wrote an official letter D\\-M\\-27/4\\-01 to Vladimir Gusev, the chairman of the committee for industry, construction, transport and energy of the Russian [State Duma](/wiki/State_Duma \"State Duma\"). In his letter, Mikhaylov says that, according to Instruction P\\-593ns of the Russian Government dated 04\\.10\\.1995, the Ministry of Atomic Energy (MinAtom) made a proposal to the [Federal Agency for State Property Management (Goskomimuschestvo)](/wiki/Rosimushchestvo \"Rosimushchestvo\"), Federal Agency for Bankruptcy Proceedings and the Government of Rostov Oblast to convert the \"golden share\" into an ordinary stock and keep the unsold shares of Atommash OJSC in the federal property for up to 3 years. However, this proposal was not accepted, and the Ministry of Atomic Energy lost all control over the activities of Atommash OJSC. Hence, writes Mikhaylov, having decided to introduce external management on Atommash OJSC and having declined MinAtom's proposal, the three aforesaid agencies – Goskomimuschestvo, Federal Agency for Bankruptcy Proceedings and the Government of Rostov Oblast – took full responsibility for the future fate of Atommash.[A letter of the Minister for Atomic Energy D\\-M\\-27/4\\-01 dated 21\\.05\\.1996translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14765&Itemid=99999999) \n\nThe financial recovery plan introduced as of November 29, 1995, by the decision of the [Arbitration](/wiki/Arbitration \"Arbitration\") court, brought no results as jobs continued declining and social tensions grew. The [Russian Ministry of Atomic Energy](/wiki/Rosatom \"Rosatom\") proposed the following action plan to save the enterprise:\n* Write off the debt on loans of Atommash owed to the [Ministry of Finance of Russia](/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_%28Russia%29 \"Ministry of Finance (Russia)\") (22 billion rubles), as well as respective interest and penalties as of September 1, 1996\\.\n* Release Atommash from paying all kinds of taxes to the federal and local budgets from September 1, 1996, to December 31, 1997\\.\n* Offer an installment plan ([layaway](/wiki/Layaway \"Layaway\")) from January 1, 1998, to December 31, 2000, for the current accruals to the budgets of all levels.\n* Sell the unsold 30% shares of Atommash to private shareholders under investment conditions.[Letter of the Russian Ministry of Atomic Energy to officials dated 12\\.09\\.1996 translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14826&Itemid=99999999) \n\nHowever, those actions were not taken. The Arbitration court of Rostov Oblast appointed Alexander Stepanov the external manager ([bankruptcy referee](/wiki/Referee_in_Bankruptcy \"Referee in Bankruptcy\")) of Atommash OJSC. At the time, Stepanov was First Vice President (and, since 1996, CEO) of Energomashcorporatsiya (EMK) JSC, a direct competitor of Atommash. Stepanov's appointment was actively lobbied by Tatiana Gramotenko, the Chief agent for bankruptcy proceedings in Rostov Oblast. Several Founders of EMK JSC were direct competitors of Atommash OJSC, which was a violation of the Russian antitrust law. The audit conducted by the Audit Chamber of Russian Federation showed that in a matter of one year EMK, controlled by its CEO Stepanov (at the same time the bankruptcy referee of Atommash OJSC), managed to buy 10\\.8% share in Atommash OJSC and more than 40% of its debt, which, according to the [competition law](/wiki/Competition_law \"Competition law\"), clearly poses a [conflict of interest](/wiki/Conflict_of_interest \"Conflict of interest\").\n\nGovernor of Rostov Oblast [Vladimir Chub](/wiki/Vladimir_Chub \"Vladimir Chub\") used the letter of MinAtom of Russia No.03\\-2739 from 12\\.09\\.1996 in Stepanov's interests. In his appeal No.1/6049 to the General Director of the Federal Service for Bankruptcy Proceedings Peter Mostovoy, Chub asks to [write off](/wiki/Write-off \"Write-off\"), through the reduction of [capital surplus](/wiki/Capital_surplus \"Capital surplus\"), specific [fixed assets](/wiki/Fixed_assets \"Fixed assets\") and objects under construction of Atommash OJSC for an amount of 878 billion rubles.[A letter of Governor Vladimir Chub №1/6049 from 19\\.09\\.1996translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14760&Itemid=99999999) This led to a reduction of company's assets, the book value of which has already been drastically discounted. Governor Vladimir Chub had no authority to address the General Director of FSBP Mostovoy with a request to approve markdowns and write\\-offs of assets, which were a legitimate property of thousands of rightful shareholders, of which Russian Federation with its 30% share was the biggest.\n\nApart from the reduction of the asset value of Atommash, its workshops and equipment were leased to various [limited liability partnerships](/wiki/Limited_liability_partnership \"Limited liability partnership\") (LLP) on conditions that were extremely disadvantageous to Atommash. LLPs, owned by the corrupt external management of Atommash, obtained strategic raw materials, components and [semi\\-finished products](/wiki/Intermediate_good \"Intermediate good\") at extremely low prices. Products manufactured by those LLPs on the territory of Atommash, were sold at a profit for the LLPs, while the damage (losses) was reflected on the balance sheet of Atommash OJSC. Colossal non\\-core assets and vast territories of Atommash, including agricultural companies with their land, were also expropriated.[\"Atommash is not ours anymore?\" / \"Soviet Russia\" newspaper, №2 (13364\\) of 14\\.01\\.2010](http://www.sovross.ru/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=56845) (Russian)\n\nAccording to the Plan of the Bankruptcy referee of Atommash OJSC Alexander Stepanov, a new company called EMK\\-Atommash JSC was created (Protocol No.3 of the Meeting of [creditors](/wiki/Creditor \"Creditor\") of Atommash OJSC of 22\\.11\\.1996\\). The new company had two founders: Atommash OJSC (85,7% of charter capital) and Stepanov's EMK (14,3%).[\"A very illusory investor\" / \"Novaya Gazeta\" newspaper, 17\\.07\\.2000(Russian)](http://www.novayagazeta.ru/society/10485.html) In January 1997, 70% of the assets of Atommash were transferred to EMK\\-Atommash JSC. Atommash OJSC contributed its [liquid assets](/wiki/Liquid_assets \"Liquid assets\") (fixed assets, [current assets](/wiki/Current_assets \"Current assets\"), [intangible assets](/wiki/Intangible_assets \"Intangible assets\")) and production assets to the charter capital of EMK\\-Atommash JSC. Illiquid assets (construction in progress, industrial sites, railways, etc.) remained on the balance sheet of Atommash OJSC. After that, EMK\\-Atommash JSC stock was transferred to EMK JSC.[\"A taste for bankruptcy\" / \"Nezavisimaya Gazeta\" newspaper, 13\\.12\\.2011](http://www.ng.ru/regions/2011-12-13/5_bankrotstvo.html) \n\nAlexander Stepanov, now the CEO of \"Energomashinostroitelnaya corporatsiya\" JSC and at the same time the Bankruptcy referee of Atommash OJSC, wrote a letter on 05\\.05\\.1997 to the First Deputy Minister for Atomic Energy Lev Ryabev, assuring that he had understood the concern of MinAtom about the financial state of Atommash, and therefore suggested to work together to support EMK\\-Atommash JSC, his new company. In this letter Stepanov tried to convince MinAtom that there was no reason for worries, since the production facilities of Atommash were preserved, technological routines for manufacturing of core production were uninterrupted, and the establishment of EMK\\-Atommash JSC would not lead to restraint of competition. According to Stepanov's letter, the fact of trading liquid assets of Atommash OJSC for EMK\\-Atommash JSC stock would give the nearly bankrupt company a chance for a settlement with creditors. At the same time Stepanov, head of both companies, positions liquid assets which Atommash OJSC contributed to the charter capital of EMK\\-Atommash JSC as long\\-term investments.[A letter of A. Stepanov (bankruptcy referee of Atommash and CEO of EMK) of 05\\.05\\.1997(translation)](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14776&Itemid=99999999) \n\nIn reality, however, the \"Plan of external management and financial recovery on Atommash OJSC for the period from 29\\.11\\.1995 to 29\\.05\\.1997\" did not lead to stabilization. Jobs were cut dramatically, [wages](/wiki/Wage \"Wage\") were not paid, social tensions were spreading across the entire Volgodonsk city. While the assets of Atommash (through write\\-offs) and their value (through markdowns) have been reduced sharply, accounts payable, which were growing exponentially, started looking significant in comparison. As a result of the obviously inefficient external management on Atommash OJSC, the Arbitrary Court of Rostov Oblast made a decision to recognize the company bankrupt. Formally, Atommash OJSC was forcibly liquidated as a legal entity on 25\\.11\\.1999\\.\n\nThus, the bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC was, in practice, carried out in the interests of EMK\\-Atommash JSC which inherited all liquid assets and production facilities of Atommash OJSC.[A Contract Bankruptcy / \"Novaya Gazeta\" newspaper, №66 of 11\\.09\\.2000](http://www.novayagazeta.ru/society/10069.html) After the forced liquidation of Atommash OJSC, its unique industrial complex was controlled by several affiliates of EMK\\-Atommash JSC, including Energomash\\-Atommash LLC and, finally, Energomash\\-Atommash JSC of the [Energomash](/wiki/Energomash \"Energomash\") group.\n\nThe bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC was inspected by the Audit Chamber of Russian Federation at the request of the committee for industry, construction, transport and scientific technologies of the [State Duma](/wiki/State_Duma \"State Duma\") of Russian Federation No.3\\.11\\-21/1312 dated 21\\.10\\.2000\\. This audit showed that, with the complicity of specific officials, the State suffered colossal material damage. In particular, the State lost a 30% stake in Atommash OJSC. The purpose of the bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC was to deprive its majority shareholders – the State itself and Concern YACONTO JSC (Russia, Moscow) – of their property, and therefore, of control over the economic, financial and production activities of the industrial giant. As a result of the Audit, the College of the Audit Chamber of Russian Federation issued a Definition No.6(289\\) dated 22\\.02\\.2002\\.[Report of the Audit Chamber of RF on the bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC dated 22\\.02\\.2002 (excerpt)](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=16769&Itemid=99999999) \n\nBankruptcy of the strategic company caused great resonance in the Russian President's Administration and the Russian Government. First Deputy Secretary of the [Security Council of Russia](/wiki/Security_Council_of_Russia \"Security Council of Russia\") [Mikhail Fradkov](/wiki/Mikhail_Fradkov \"Mikhail Fradkov\"), in his Letter to the Deputy Prime Minister of Russia [Viktor Khristenko](/wiki/Viktor_Khristenko \"Viktor Khristenko\") (No.A21\\-1175 dated 28\\.03\\.2001\\), asks to conduct a verification of the actions of the Federal agency for insolvency (bankruptcy) proceedings against Atommash OJSC.[A letter of First Deputy Secretary of the Security Council Mikhail Fradkov of 28\\.03\\.2001(translation)](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14837&Itemid=99999999) \n\nOn 25\\.12\\.2009 the Deputy of the Russian State Duma [Anatoly Lisitsyn](/wiki/Anatoly_Lisitsyn \"Anatoly Lisitsyn\") sent a letter (ref. LIS\\-767/GD) to [Vladimir Putin](/wiki/Vladimir_Putin \"Vladimir Putin\"), the [Prime Minister of Russia](/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Russia \"Prime Minister of Russia\") at the time, asking to conduct an independent investigation of the bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC on the basis of the audit conducted by the Audit Chamber and the Definition issued by its college.[A letter of the Deputy of Russian State Duma Anatoly Lisitsyn to Prime Minister Vladimir Putin \\- 25\\.12\\.2009 translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=15087&Itemid=99999999) The Deputy [Prosecutor General of Russia](/wiki/Prosecutor_General_of_Russia \"Prosecutor General of Russia\") Viktor Grin replied on 01\\.02\\.2010 to the State Duma that the bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC has been verified by the investigation department of Volgodonsk police. However, the police did not take the materials of the Audit Chamber into account, therefore, their resolution \"not to initiate criminal proceedings\" was cancelled and another inspection prescribed. The second inspection did not bring any result either.[A letter from the Prosecutor's Office of Rostov Oblast to YACONTO LLC dated 15\\.11\\.2011 translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14623&Itemid=99999999) Dissatisfied with the answer, on 21\\.12\\.2010 Anatoly Lisitsyn sent a letter (ref. No.LIS\\-1282/GD) to the [President of Russia](/wiki/President_of_Russia \"President of Russia\") [Dmitry Medvedev](/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev \"Dmitry Medvedev\"), asking to order the respective authorities to secure Russia's national interests by assisting the Presidential Control Directorate in their inspection (ref. A8\\-6296\\-5 dated 02\\.11\\.2010\\) of the unprecedented premeditated bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC.[A letter of the Deputy of Russian State Duma Anatoly Lisitsyn to President Dmitry Medvedev \\- 21\\.12\\.2010translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=15326&Itemid=99999999) As a result, on 08\\.07\\.2011 President Medvedev issued a [Decree](/wiki/Decree_of_the_President_of_Russia \"Decree of the President of Russia\") (ref. Pr\\-1948\\), ordering Prime Minister Putin to consider purchasing the facilities of Atommash so they can be managed by [Rosatom](/wiki/Rosatom \"Rosatom\") and at the same time ordering [Rashid Nurgaliyev](/wiki/Rashid_Nurgaliyev \"Rashid Nurgaliyev\"), Russia's [Minister of Internal Affairs](/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_%28Russia%29 \"Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia)\") at the time, to conduct another verification of the bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC, as per the materials presented by the General Prosecutor's Office and take action as appropriate.[Presidential Decree of Dmitry Medvedev №Pr\\-1948 dated 08\\.07\\.2011translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=15131&Itemid=99999999) [Order of the Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin №VP\\-P7\\-4798 dated 13\\.07\\.2011translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=15136&Itemid=99999999) \n\n",
"### Modern period (2000–2012\\)\n\nThe restructured Atommash became multidisciplinary. The company started manufacturing technical equipment including single, one\\-of\\-a\\-kind items. For example, a 140\\-ton vehicle which lifts the rocket and puts it upright on a launcher was manufactured on Atommash for the [Sea Launch](/wiki/Sea_Launch \"Sea Launch\") project.[Atommash targets space/ News of cosmonautics №24, 1997 (rus)](http://www.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/content/numbers/165/12.shtml) \n\nIn 2001, Atommash manufactured several items for the [Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant](/wiki/Bushehr_Nuclear_Power_Plant \"Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant\"), including the footing for the reactor and four 82\\-ton water tanks.[Iran Nuclear Chronology, May 2011](http://www.nti.org/media/pdfs/iran_nuclear.pdf?_=1316542527) .\n\nSince 2002 the facilities are utilized for mass production of [gas turbines](/wiki/Gas_turbine \"Gas turbine\") for small capacity [CHP plants](/wiki/Cogeneration \"Cogeneration\") (up to 36 MW). By 2003, the number of employees on the company shrunk to 4,300 with the volume of output of 1\\.4 billion rubles. In 2004, the company's management announced a four\\-fold reduction in output for nuclear energy and the orientation of the main production to consumers in the gas industry.[Atommash turns away from civilian nuclear/ Commersant, №22 (2861\\), 07\\.02\\.2004 (rus)](http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/447563?isSearch=True) In 2009 Atommash re\\-initiated the manufacturing of equipment for nuclear power plants.\n\nIn his interview of May 2006, [Sergey Kiriyenko](/wiki/Sergey_Kiriyenko \"Sergey Kiriyenko\"), the head of State nuclear energy Corporation Rosatom, said that Rosatom is interested in employing the capacities of Atommash for the needs of Russian nuclear industry. *\"If the plant can and wants to return to the nuclear power industry, we are ready to discuss the matter. We can also promote the process by making direct contracts with Atommash, creating a joint venture and singling out its nuclear division. Any forms would be acceptable.\"*, said Kiriyenko.[BBC Monitoring Central Asia \\- \"Queuing for atom\", Yuzhnyy Reporter \\- 17\\.04\\.2006](http://www.arizonaenergy.org/News_06/News%20May06/Russian%20official%20maps%20out%20plans%20to%20revive%20nuclear%20power%20industry.htm) \n\nIn May 2010, [VTB](/wiki/VTB \"VTB\") bank (Russia, Moscow) filed a petition with the court, asking to initiate bankruptcy proceedings against \"Energomash\\-Atommash\" LLC. As per the petition, the company's debt the Bank is 356,5 million rubles (about $12 mln). The total debt of Energomash Group to VTB exceeds 1 billion rubles ($30 million). The total debt of Energomash Group to all Russian banks combined is estimated at nearly 30 billion rubles ($1 billion). Liquid assets, primarily, production facilities of \"Energomash\\-Atommash\" LLC were transferred to a new legal entity – \"Energomash\\-Atommash\" JSC.[Atommash will pay for other's debts](http://www.kommersant.ru/doc.aspx?DocsID=1370175), *Kommersant* newspaper №85(4383\\) of 15\\.05\\.2010 \n\nOn 18\\.10\\.2011 Deputy of the Russian State Duma Anatoly Lisitsyn appealed to Russian President Dmitry Medvedev (ref. LIS\\-1676/GD)[A letter of the Deputy of Russian State Duma Anatoly Lisitsyn to President Dmitry Medvedev \\- 18\\.10\\.2011(translation)](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=15135&Itemid=99999999) asking to support the proposal of YACONTO LLC, the legal successor of Concern YACONTO JSC and the [majority shareholder](/wiki/Majority_shareholder \"Majority shareholder\") of Atommash OJSC, to restore the [status quo](/wiki/Status_quo \"Status quo\") of Atommash OJSC through the implementation of the so\\-called \"Project\\-A\" or an alternative option.[A letter of YACONTO LLC to the Russian President Dmitry Medvedev ref. №111018\\-A01 of 18\\.10\\.2011translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=14441&Itemid=99999999) In his reply from 06\\.04\\.2012 No.1\\-13/12160 to the letter that YACONTO LLC sent to [President of Russia](/wiki/President_of_Russia \"President of Russia\") [Dmitry Medvedev](/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev \"Dmitry Medvedev\") on 27\\.02\\.2012 (ref. No.120227\\-А01\\),[A letter from YACONTO LLC, the majority shareholder of Atommash, to Russian President Dmitry Medvedev №120227\\-А01 of 27\\.02\\.2012translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=15597&Itemid=99999999) the Deputy Chief of [Rosatom Nuclear Energy State Corporation](/wiki/Rosatom \"Rosatom\") Kirill Komarov says that Rosatom shares the shareholder's concern about the current state of Atommash, since the facilities of the latter, still one of the biggest power engineering companies in Russia, are being used for the production of equipment for the nuclear industry.[A letter from Rosatom Nuclear Energy State Corporation dated 06\\.04\\.2012 ref. №1\\-13/12160translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=15606&Itemid=99999999) The letter of Rosatom also indicates that \"Project\\-A\" is within the competence of the [Federal Agency for State Property Management (Rosimushchestvo)](/wiki/Rosimushchestvo \"Rosimushchestvo\"), since, according to the [Decree of the Russian Government](/wiki/Order_of_the_Government_of_Russia \"Order of the Government of Russia\") No.432 of 05\\.06\\.2008, Rosimushchestvo is responsible for protection of legitimate interests of Russian Federation when it comes to state property management.[Federal Agency for State Property Management (Decree N432 of 05\\.06\\.2008 avail only in Russian)](http://government.ru/eng/power/83/print/) \n\nThe Investigative Committee of [Russian Ministry of the Interior](/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_%28Russia%29 \"Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia)\") instituted [criminal proceedings](/wiki/Criminal_proceedings \"Criminal proceedings\") against Alexander Stepanov, the owner of Energomash Corporation and former bankruptcy Referee of Atommash OJSC. Stepanov is charged with fraud with a commercial loan issued by [Sberbank](/wiki/Sberbank \"Sberbank\") in the amount of 12\\.7 billion rubles (nearly US$413 million).[RAPSI \\- Case of former Energomash CEO submitted to court \\- 16\\.05\\.2012](http://rapsinews.com/judicial_news/20120516/263165567.html) [Criminal prosecution](/wiki/Criminal_prosecution \"Criminal prosecution\") against Alexander Stepanov was triggered by a personal Statement from [German Gref](/wiki/German_Gref \"German Gref\"), the CEO \\& President of [Sberbank](/wiki/Sberbank \"Sberbank\"). After the investigation, the case was transferred to a Presnensky court of Moscow (Case No.1\\-149 / 2012, art.30 p. 3, art.159 p. 4 of the [Criminal Code of Russia](/wiki/Criminal_Code_of_Russia \"Criminal Code of Russia\") – large\\-scale fraud and [attempted crime](/wiki/Attempt%23The_actus_reus_of_attempted_crime \"Attempt#The actus reus of attempted crime\")). Charges in fraudulent bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC, however, were not brought in this criminal case.\n\nAs Alexander Stepanov told his defense attorneys, his [arrest](/wiki/Arrest \"Arrest\") (which took place on 01\\.02\\.2011\\)[ITAR\\-TASS News Agency \\- Former Energomash holding director sentenced \\- 31\\.10\\.2012](http://www.itar-tass.com/en/c154/559999.html) was preceded by several business meetings with representatives of Sberbank. Each meeting was accompanied by extortion and threats to have Stepanov arrested if he does not fulfill the requests of the extortionists within a month. Stepanov claims that representatives of Sberbank and German Gref personally demanded 100 million U.S. dollars in cash and a 75% share in the Energomash holding, in exchange for cessation of persecution. On top of that, says Stepanov, he was expected to \"donate\" several assets to Sergey Kiriyenko – the Head of State Corporation \"Rosatom\" – personally. The above gave Stepanov a reason to announce that the loan issued by Sberbank to Energomash Group was, in fact, a cunning attempt to obtain the unparalleled industrial facilities of Atommash OJSC by arresting his property, the [market value](/wiki/Market_value \"Market value\") of which is several times greater than the commercial loan he took from Sberbank.[The Moscow Post \\- \"The Energomash case: USD $100 million extortion and a spy trail in Rosatom\" by D. Kalinin \\- 16\\.02\\.2011(in Russian)](http://moscow-post.ru/economics/001297855354932/) \n\nAt the official proposal of State Corporation for Nuclear Energy \"Rosatom\" regarding restoration of the status quo of Atommash OJSC through the implementation of Project\\-A, YACONTO LLC has sent two Statements to the Federal Agency for State Property Management (\"Rosimuschestvo\") (out. No.120614\\-A01 from 14\\.06\\.2012 and No.120702\\-A01 from 02\\.07\\.2012\\). In particular, the said Statements imply that the implementation of Project\\-A will restore the status quo of Atommash OJSC and bring back 30% of its shares to the State, ensure payment of all its debts to [third parties](/wiki/Party_%28law%29 \"Party (law)\") and oblige the guilty party to compensate for the inflicted damage. The State will accumulate the [controlling stake](/wiki/Controlling_interest \"Controlling interest\") in Atommash OJSC by exchanging the 28\\.5% interest owned by YACONTO LLC for property agreed with investors and partners. The interest accumulated by the State in Atommash OJSC and other assets, obtained as compensation for the damage dealt to Atommash, may be transferred to an appropriate [trust](/wiki/Trust_law \"Trust law\") authorized by the State to carry out the development of nuclear engineering and to implement socio\\-economic programs in Russia and abroad. As per the Statements, the implementation of \"Project\\-A\" will correspond to the interests of nearly all opposing parties, through [settlement](/wiki/Settlement_%28litigation%29 \"Settlement (litigation)\") of conflicts, disputes, claims, by means of a [know\\-how](/wiki/Know-how \"Know-how\") framework.[Website of YACONTO company \\- news of 02\\.07\\.2012](http://yaconto.com/7-yaconto-rosimuschestvo-20062012-en.html) \n\nYACONTO LLC appealed to Russian President Vladimir Putin with a Statement (out. No.120815\\-А01 of 15\\.08\\.2012\\), openly published on www.yaconto.com.[Statement of YACONTO LLC to President of RF Putin V.V. (violation of rights in RF) №120815\\-A01 of 15\\.08\\.2012translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=15782&Itemid=99999999) The grounds for addressing the Guarantor of [Constitution of Russia](/wiki/Constitution_of_Russia \"Constitution of Russia\") were set by replies sent by Rosimuschestvo (out. No.DP\\-13/26669 of 13\\.07\\.2012 and out. No.13/30986 of 03\\.08\\.2012\\), in response to Statements of YACONTO LLC (out. No.120614\\-A01 of 14\\.06\\.2012 and out. No.120702\\-A01 of 02\\.07\\.2012\\) regarding restoration of the status\\-quo of Atommash OJSC through the implementation of Project\\-A. The reply received from the [North Caucasian Federal District](/wiki/North_Caucasian_Federal_District \"North Caucasian Federal District\") Headquarters of the [Investigative Committee of Russia](/wiki/Investigative_Committee_of_Russia \"Investigative Committee of Russia\") (out. No.301/23\\-4686\\-12 of 05\\.09\\.2012\\),[Reply of NCD IC of RF to YACONTO LLC (RE Statement to President of RF) №301/23\\-4686\\-12 of 05\\.09\\.2012translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=16579&Itemid=99999999) which speak of inspections of the premeditated bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC carried out by the branches of the [Russian Ministry of Interior](/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_%28Russia%29 \"Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia)\") and General Prosecutor's Office in Rostov region, prompted YACONTO LLC to address Vladimir Putin with a [Complaint](/wiki/Complaint \"Complaint\") (out. No.120924\\-А01 of 24\\.09\\.2012\\).[Complaint of YACONTO LLC to President of RF Putin V.V. (violation of rights in RF) №120924\\-A01 of 24\\.09\\.2012translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=16670&Itemid=99999999) Disappearance[Reply from RF Presidential Directorate for CCO from Kuprin Y.P. to YACONTO LLC №A26\\-02\\-564690 of 27\\.09\\.2012translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=16628&Itemid=99999999) of YACONTO LLC's Statement (out. No.120815\\-А01 of 15\\.08\\.2012\\), addressed to Russian President Vladimir Putin personally, from the [Presidential Administration of Russia](/wiki/Presidential_Administration_of_Russia \"Presidential Administration of Russia\"), and the 3 (three) letters from federal authorities, became a reason for YACONTO LLC to appeal to the Russian President once again (out. No.121009\\-A01 of 09\\.10\\.2012\\) with extended information about the activity of [corrupt officials](/wiki/Corruption \"Corruption\"), involved in the bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC.[Statement of YACONTO LLC to President of RF Putin V.V. (violation of rights in RF) №121009\\-A01 of 09\\.10\\.2012translation](http://www.yaconto.ru/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=16631&Itemid=99999999) \n\nOn 29\\.10\\.2012 Moscow's Presnenskiy district court sentenced the former director of the Energomash group Alexander Stepanov to 4\\.5 years in prison at the lawsuit from Sberbank of Russia, finding him guilty of attempted 12\\-billion\\-ruble fraud and exceeding his authority. This, however, did not prevent the [Saint Petersburg](/wiki/Saint_Petersburg \"Saint Petersburg\")\\-based Engineering Company AEM\\-technology JSC (a subsidiary of [Atomenergomash](/wiki/Atomenergomash \"Atomenergomash\"), a part of the Rosatom State corporation) from leasing the production assets of the former Atommash OJSC. [Russia's target of 23%](/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_Russia \"Nuclear power in Russia\") of country's electricity to be generated by nuclear power plants by 2020, as well as works under existing (not including future) contracts for construction of NPPs for different countries, proved to be too ambitious[Nuclear Power in Russia \\- updated October 2012](http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf45.htm) and hardly feasible without the facilities of Atommash. Lease of the production facilities which used to belong to Atommash OJSC, transferred to EMK\\-Atommash JSC after the bankruptcy of the former, and then again to \"Energomash\\-Atommash\" LLC (part of Mr. Stepanov's Energomash Group) appears strange, considering the fact that Stepanov was jailed for large\\-scale fraud committed in Russia and abroad. The [Federal Antimonopoly Service](/wiki/Federal_Antimonopoly_Service \"Federal Antimonopoly Service\") of Russia (FAS), by its decision of October 16, met the petition filed by the Engineering Company AEM\\-technology regarding the acquisition for temporary ownership and use under a lease contract of up to 100% of fixed production assets of Atommash.[Nuclear.RU web portal: AEM\\-technology to lease 100% of Atommash assets \\- 16\\.10\\.2012](http://www.nuclear.ru/eng/press/other_news/2128289/?print_version=1)\n\nProduction of modern high\\-tech equipment for development of nuclear industry around the world will be facilitated by Atomenergoprom JSC and the French corporation [Alstom](/wiki/Alstom \"Alstom\") as a joint venture \"Alstom\\-Atomenergomash\" LLC (JV AAEM) on the premises of Atommash OJSC, leased by State Corporation Rosatom in late 2012\\.[Official website of JV Alstom\\-Atomenergomash](http://www.alstom.com/it/press-centre/2012/12/board-of-directors-of-aaem-decided-on-a-site-to-locate-production-of-arabelle-equipment/) The joint venture \"Alstom – Atomenergomash\" was established back in 2007[Official website of JV Alstom\\-Atomenergomash](http://www.alstom.com/Russia/projects/power-aaem/) but did not have sufficient industrial capacity with respective infrastructure; State Corporation Rosatom was not able to provide those either. Thus, unique capacities of the former Atommash OJSC and its developed infrastructure found themselves in high demand in Russia which carries out a long\\-term large scale program for mass manufacturing of high\\-end goods for nuclear engineering for Russian and foreign customers alike.\n\n",
"Operations\n----------\n\n[250px\\|right\\|thumb\\|1982, Treatment of the interior part of a [VVER\\-1000](/wiki/VVER \"VVER\") reactor frame.](/wiki/File:RIAN_archive_450312_Treatment_of_interior_part_of_reactor_frame.jpg \"RIAN archive 450312 Treatment of interior part of reactor frame.jpg\")\nBeing one of Russia's biggest industrial complexes and having 6 million m2 of production facilities, Atommash was equipped with unique imported modern equipment, over 80% of which was purchased in Germany, Japan, France, UK, Italy, Austria, Sweden, United States and other countries, from concerns like Italimpianti, [ESAB](/wiki/ESAB \"ESAB\"), [Varian Associates](/wiki/Varian_Associates \"Varian Associates\"), [Mannesmann AG](/wiki/Mannesmann_AG \"Mannesmann AG\").\n\nOne of the early successes of Atommash was the manufacturing of a vacuum chamber [toroidal](/wiki/Toroid \"Toroid\") doughnut for the [T\\-15 fusion reactor](/wiki/T-15_%28reactor%29 \"T-15 (reactor)\") at the [Kurchatov Institute](/wiki/Kurchatov_Institute \"Kurchatov Institute\") – at 6 meters high, 11 meters in diameter and 120 tons.[Red Atom: Russia’s Nuclear Power Program from Stalin to Today \\- Paul R. Josephson, University of Pittsburgh Press, 2005](http://www.upress.pitt.edu/BookDetails.aspx?bookId=35535) \n\nIn addition to nuclear machinery equipment, Atommash was capable of producing over 1000 kinds of products. Those types of products included, but were not limited to: non\\-standard metal equipment of large sizes, various metal containers for energy systems (heat\\-, hydro\\-, wind power), metallurgical, [mining](/wiki/Mining \"Mining\"), oil and gas production and processing systems, including ready for use plants for deep processing of [petroleum](/wiki/Petroleum \"Petroleum\") and its residual fractions on the basis of cleaner technologies and processes, compact mini oil refineries with a capacity of 50 to 500 thousand tons per year, mini\\-factories for recycling and processing of by\\-products and [waste oil](/wiki/Waste_oil \"Waste oil\"), equipment for the construction industry, including equipment for [launch pads](/wiki/Launch_pad \"Launch pad\") for missiles and [spacecraft](/wiki/Spacecraft \"Spacecraft\"), for sea water [desalination](/wiki/Desalination \"Desalination\") plants, containers for transportation and disposal of [nuclear waste](/wiki/Nuclear_waste \"Nuclear waste\"), railroad tank cars for transportation of [liquid gas](/wiki/Liquid_gas \"Liquid gas\"), [biomass energy units](/wiki/Biomass \"Biomass\") for reprocessing of agricultural and animal breeding waste into environmentally clean, high\\-quality [fertilizers](/wiki/Fertilizer \"Fertilizer\") and [methane](/wiki/Methane \"Methane\"), etc.[A letter from Russian Ministry of Atomic Energy to a foreign investor of 21\\.01\\.1997 (translation)](http://www.yaconto.ru/component/option,com_docman/task,doc_download/gid,14606/Itemid,99999999/) \n\nPrior to the [Chernobyl disaster](/wiki/Chernobyl_disaster \"Chernobyl disaster\"), Atommash manufactured more than 100 units of high\\-tech equipment for [NPPs](/wiki/Nuclear_power_plant \"Nuclear power plant\"),[Atommash's history on the company's website (in Russian)](http://www.atommash.ru/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B0-%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F.aspx) including 14 [VVER\\-1000](/wiki/VVER \"VVER\") reactors, 5 of which never left the plant's warehouse.[Nuclear.RU web portal \\- news of 31\\.03\\.2011](https://archive.today/20130417082740/http://www.nuclear.ru/eng/press/company_news/2120153/) During the bankruptcy of Atommash OJSC these reactors have been transferred to EMK\\-Atommash JSC (see \"Bankruptcy of 1995–1999\" section) at dramatically lowered net book value. In a few years, some of those items and their components became a subject of investigation in the Arbitration court of Rostov region, during mutual lawsuits between EMK\\-Atommash JSC and the [National nuclear energy generating company Energoatom](/wiki/Energoatom \"Energoatom\") under Case No.A53\\-21263/2005 (the claimed value of those goods was several times higher this time), followed by an appellate to the Federal Arbitration Court of the [North Caucasian Federal District](/wiki/North_Caucasian_Federal_District \"North Caucasian Federal District\"), Case No.A53\\-4049/2006, which was concluded with an according Resolution dated 23\\.03\\.2010\\.[Resolution of FAC NCD of 23\\.03\\.2010 under case №A53\\-4049/2006 (in Russian)](http://www.alppp.ru/court/fas-severo-kavkazskogo-okruga/03-2010/postanovlenie-fas-severo-kavkazskogo-okruga-ot-23-03-2010-po-delu--a53-40492006-sud-pervo.html) \n\nAtommash was capable of producing equipment and products with a wall thickness of , [diameter](/wiki/Diameter \"Diameter\") up to , length up to and weight up to 1000 tons. Atommash practiced electron beam [welding](/wiki/Welding \"Welding\"), automatic welding in narrow cutting, automatic welding of [nozzles](/wiki/Nozzle \"Nozzle\"), welding of large\\-sized products with wall thickness up to . It possessed high\\-end equipment for heat treatment, welding, [non\\-destructive testing](/wiki/Non-destructive_testing \"Non-destructive testing\") (NDT), laboratories for exceptionally complex material testing and test facilities for finished products.\n\nAtommash exported its production to Germany, United States, France, China, Japan, India, [Singapore](/wiki/Singapore \"Singapore\"), [Bulgaria](/wiki/Bulgaria \"Bulgaria\"), Greece, Turkey, [Iran](/wiki/Iran \"Iran\"), [Cuba](/wiki/Cuba \"Cuba\"), [Indonesia](/wiki/Indonesia \"Indonesia\") and others. The company has its own heavy duty [mooring berth](/wiki/Mooring_berth \"Mooring berth\") on [Tsimlyansk Reservoir](/wiki/Tsimlyansk_Reservoir \"Tsimlyansk Reservoir\"), which allowed shipping bulky and heavy products, which used to be a natural advantage of Atommash over its domestic competition. The quality of items produced by Atommash has been confirmed by an international certificate issued by [ASME](/wiki/ASME \"ASME\") (American Society of Mechanical Engineers).\n\nIn 2009 Atommash re\\-initiated the manufacturing of equipment for nuclear power plants. It is the Russia's monopolist for manufacturing of melt localization devices for nuclear power plants.[Company's official website (rus)](http://www.atommash.ru/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5-%D0%90%D0%AD%D0%A1.aspx)\n\nThe first nuclear reactor produced by Atommash after a 29\\-year long hiatus was a [VVER\\-1200](/wiki/VVER-1200 \"VVER-1200\"), for the [Belarusian nuclear power plant](/wiki/Belarusian_nuclear_power_plant \"Belarusian nuclear power plant\"). According to press reports, it took 840 days (2 years and 4 months) to build the reactor; it was shipped from Atommash on October 14, 2015\\. After being transported by barge over the [Tsimlyansk Reservoir](/wiki/Tsimlyansk_Reservoir \"Tsimlyansk Reservoir\"), the [Volga–Don Canal](/wiki/Volga%E2%80%93Don_Canal \"Volga–Don Canal\"), the [Volga–Baltic Waterway](/wiki/Volga%E2%80%93Baltic_Waterway \"Volga–Baltic Waterway\"), and the [Volkhov River](/wiki/Volkhov_River \"Volkhov River\") to [Novgorod](/wiki/Novgorod \"Novgorod\"), the reactor was then shipped by a [special rail car](/wiki/Schnabel_car \"Schnabel car\") to Belarus.[В Белоруссию привезли первый реактор для строящейся АЭС](http://www.ng.ru/energy/2016-01-12/15_aes.html) (The first reactor for the nuclear power plant under construction has been delivered to Belarus), 2016\\-01\\-12\n\n| Volume of production and \\# of employees2006–2009 data from the [official presentation of the entperise](http://www.atommash.ru/Files/Eneromash_Volgodonsk_Atommash_Rus.aspx/) / Year | 1989 | 1997 | 2003 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Volume of production, mln. rub. | \\- | \\- | \\- | 3137,3 | 3666,4 | 3451,8 | 3800,0 |\n| Number of employees | 21000 | 5109 | 4300 | 2732 | 2733 | 2885 | 2900 |\n|\n\nSome of the products currently manufactured by Atommash are: refueling equipment and manipulators, spent fuel storages (dry and wet), [depleted uranium](/wiki/Depleted_uranium \"Depleted uranium\") [shielding](/wiki/Radiation_protection \"Radiation protection\"), lead shielding, [condensers](/wiki/Surface_condenser \"Surface condenser\"), [cranes](/wiki/Crane_%28machine%29 \"Crane (machine)\") and lifting equipment, specialised doors, [heat exchangers](/wiki/Heat_exchanger \"Heat exchanger\"), large ferrous components, pool [water purification](/wiki/Water_purification \"Water purification\") systems, pressure vessels, [storage tanks](/wiki/Storage_tank \"Storage tank\"), [pumps](/wiki/Pump \"Pump\"), [valves](/wiki/Valve \"Valve\"), nuclear steam supply systems, pressurizers, reactor control rods, drives and mechanisms, reactor internals, reactor pressure vessel seals, containers/casks handling equipment, hydraulic integrated circuits, packaging design and engineering and more.[International Nuclear Academy \\- Supplier information](http://www.nuclearmarket.com/Suppliers/details2.cfm?IDcompany=2463) \n\n",
"Ownership\n---------\n\nAfter privatization, Atommash was a [joint\\-stock company](/wiki/Joint-stock_company \"Joint-stock company\"); 30% of the shares were controlled by the state. The remaining 70% interest belonged to private persons and companies. Concern YACONTO JSC (an industrial conglomerate headquartered in Moscow) was the second largest shareholder of Atommash OJSC after the State itself, holding 28\\.5% shares as of 1997\\. The Board of Directors included 9 members.\nSince 2012, Atommash plant is a part of Atomenergomash, the Rosatom's machine building division.\n\n",
"Interesting facts\n-----------------\n\n* Alexey Ulesov, Twice [Hero of Socialist Labour](/wiki/Hero_of_Socialist_Labour_%28USSR%29 \"Hero of Socialist Labour (USSR)\") of the USSR, the famous innovator, used to work on the construction of Atommash as a welder. In his radio interview, Ulesov mentioned, inter alia, that the construction of the automobile giant [AvtoVAZ](/wiki/AvtoVAZ \"AvtoVAZ\") required 11 cubic meters of [concrete](/wiki/Concrete \"Concrete\") per each basement column of production sites; construction of [KAMAZ](/wiki/KAMAZ \"KAMAZ\") – 23 cubic meters, whereas the construction of ATOMMASH – as much as 760 cubic meters of concrete per single column. Comparison of these figures clearly demonstrates the magnitude of nuclear engineering giant Atommash, one of the largest construction projects of the USSR of the 20th century.[Alexey Ulesov's radio interview \\- podcast (in Russian)](http://reportage.su/audio/1211) \n* [Vladimir Vinogradov](/wiki/Vladimir_Vinogradov \"Vladimir Vinogradov\"), an [oligarch](/wiki/Oligarchy \"Oligarchy\") who was ranked 12th in the list of the top 20 richest Russians in 1996, worked on Atommash as a construction engineer from 1979 until 1985\\.\n* In 1987 the Plakat publishing house (USSR, Moscow) published a book *YA – ATOMMASH* (*I am Atommash*) in 25,000 copies. A well\\-illustrated 176\\-page book describes the construction of Atommash, its production activity and its influence on the socio\\-economic life of the Volgodonsk city and Rostov region. A copy of the *YA – ATOMMASH* book is available at the [Library of Congress](/wiki/Library_of_Congress \"Library of Congress\"), code DK651\\.V557 \\|18 1987\\.\n\n",
"Extra materials\n---------------\n\n* [A booklet about Atommash OJSC (1993\\) \\- in English](http://yaconto.com/gallery/foto.php?ftalb=1&photo=0)\n* [An Atommash photo gallery: 30\\+ photos from 1987\\-2012](http://yaconto.com/gallery/foto.php)\n",
"Gallery\n-------\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Technology companies established in 1973](/wiki/Category:Technology_companies_established_in_1973 \"Technology companies established in 1973\")\n[Category:1973 establishments in Russia](/wiki/Category:1973_establishments_in_Russia \"1973 establishments in Russia\")\n[Category:Engineering companies of Russia](/wiki/Category:Engineering_companies_of_Russia \"Engineering companies of Russia\")\n[Category:Nuclear technology companies of Russia](/wiki/Category:Nuclear_technology_companies_of_Russia \"Nuclear technology companies of Russia\")\n[Category:Companies based in Rostov Oblast](/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Rostov_Oblast \"Companies based in Rostov Oblast\")\n[Category:Rosatom](/wiki/Category:Rosatom \"Rosatom\")\n[Category:Nuclear technology in the Soviet Union](/wiki/Category:Nuclear_technology_in_the_Soviet_Union \"Nuclear technology in the Soviet Union\")\n[Category:Manufacturing companies of the Soviet Union](/wiki/Category:Manufacturing_companies_of_the_Soviet_Union \"Manufacturing companies of the Soviet Union\")\n\n"
]
} |
Patrick Walsh (piper) | {
"id": [
14770366
],
"name": [
"Declangi"
]
} | 2829pgn7dihq04ykvep1qayfg7dnqx0 | 2023-09-05T22:16:15Z | 1,163,462,718 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Career",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Patrick Walsh** ([fl.](/wiki/Floruit \"Floruit\") 1850s/1860s) was an Irish [piper](/wiki/Pipe_%28instrument%29 \"Pipe (instrument)\").\n\nLittle is known of Walsh, beyond that he was a native of [County Mayo](/wiki/County_Mayo \"County Mayo\"), large in stature, and lived about the middle of the nineteenth century. He believed he inherited his gifts from the [fairies](/wiki/Fairy \"Fairy\"). \n\n",
"Career\n------\n\nHe emigrated to [Lancashire](/wiki/Lancashire \"Lancashire\"), playing every night for good wages. One night, some new customers rudely ordered him to put away his pipes and let their friend, a [fiddler](/wiki/Fiddle \"Fiddle\"), play instead. In response, he \"sailed into the crowd and put them to rout\". \n\nHe returned to Ireland, settling in [Swinford](/wiki/Swinford \"Swinford\"), County Mayo, where he taught the pipes to many pupils. O'Neill says that \"His method of dismissing his pupils was as unceremonious as his own departure from England. When one had mastered a tune Walsh took the pupil’s hat and hung it outdoors as a signal for the owner to follow it. Without any unnecessary words another aspirant for musical learning was taken in hand and treated similarly\". Among his acquaintances were [James O'Brien](/wiki/James_O%27Brien_%28piper%29 \"James O'Brien (piper)\") and [Piper Cribben](/wiki/Piper_Cribben \"Piper Cribben\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:19th\\-century Irish male musicians](/wiki/Category:19th-century_Irish_male_musicians \"19th-century Irish male musicians\")\n[Category:Irish male uilleann pipers](/wiki/Category:Irish_male_uilleann_pipers \"Irish male uilleann pipers\")\n[Category:Musicians from County Mayo](/wiki/Category:Musicians_from_County_Mayo \"Musicians from County Mayo\")\n[Category:People from Swinford, County Mayo](/wiki/Category:People_from_Swinford%2C_County_Mayo \"People from Swinford, County Mayo\")\n[Category:19th\\-century Irish uilleann pipers](/wiki/Category:19th-century_Irish_uilleann_pipers \"19th-century Irish uilleann pipers\")\n\n"
]
} |
Unitarian Church of Barnstable | {
"id": [
23150529
],
"name": [
"Aidan721"
]
} | 5wzy60r3739egpqju5650qkkf1v2e5x | 2023-05-22T02:36:10Z | 1,051,000,662 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **Unitarian Church of Barnstable** is a historic church located on [Old King's Highway Historic District](/wiki/Old_King%27s_Highway_Historic_District \"Old King's Highway Historic District\") in [Barnstable, Massachusetts](/wiki/Barnstable%2C_Massachusetts \"Barnstable, Massachusetts\"). The congregation was established in 1639, and the current building dates to 1907\\. A short walk from the church is Barnstable village and [Barnstable Harbor](/wiki/Barnstable_Harbor \"Barnstable Harbor\"). The senior minister, Rev. Dr. Kristen L. Harper, was the second woman of African descent to become a Unitarian Universalist minister. There is a pipe organ located in the sanctuary balcony and a church choir that sings during services. The congregation comes from a variety of religious and philosophical backgrounds including Catholic, Jewish, Protestant, Buddhist, agnostic, atheist, humanist, and others. The traditional weekly water communion portion of the Sunday service, which is open to anyone, is done with local beach stones. A children and youth ministry helps create the essential building blocks for a spiritual, loving, healthy, compassionate, and proactive community.\n\nThe church is a designated \"Welcoming Congregation\" which means it is fully open to the needs and concerns of lesbians, gays, bisexuals, and transgender persons. The church is also a designated \"Green Sanctuary\". As such the church takes an active role in environmental issues and [environmental justice](/wiki/Environmental_justice \"Environmental justice\"). Twice a year the Green Sanctuary coordinates with the children of the church to celebrate Earth Day and to honor sustainable practices. In 2018 the church became the first in the nation to have solar panels facing a historic highway (Route 6A also known as The Olde King's Highway).\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Official website](http://www.barnstableuu.org/)\n\n[Category:1639 establishments in Plymouth Colony](/wiki/Category:1639_establishments_in_Plymouth_Colony \"1639 establishments in Plymouth Colony\")\n[Category:20th\\-century Unitarian Universalist church buildings](/wiki/Category:20th-century_Unitarian_Universalist_church_buildings \"20th-century Unitarian Universalist church buildings\")\n[Category:Buildings and structures in Barnstable, Massachusetts](/wiki/Category:Buildings_and_structures_in_Barnstable%2C_Massachusetts \"Buildings and structures in Barnstable, Massachusetts\")\n[Category:Churches completed in 1907](/wiki/Category:Churches_completed_in_1907 \"Churches completed in 1907\")\n[Category:Churches in Barnstable County, Massachusetts](/wiki/Category:Churches_in_Barnstable_County%2C_Massachusetts \"Churches in Barnstable County, Massachusetts\")\n[Category:Unitarian Universalist churches in Massachusetts](/wiki/Category:Unitarian_Universalist_churches_in_Massachusetts \"Unitarian Universalist churches in Massachusetts\")\n[Category:Universalist Church of America churches](/wiki/Category:Universalist_Church_of_America_churches \"Universalist Church of America churches\")\n\n"
]
} |
Circular flow land use management | {
"id": [
48518930
],
"name": [
"Mazedpaw"
]
} | rnwslkxhakv8bda6mtuuwi8wzogs7x6 | 2024-09-30T09:43:18Z | 1,245,156,603 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Concept of Land Use",
"Practical application",
"Timeframe",
"Similar projects",
"References",
"External links",
"Further reading"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Circular flow land use management**, or *CircUse*, is a name for a particular process in which neglected land in [urban areas](/wiki/Urban_area \"Urban area\") is put to better uses. *CircUse* as a concept aims to be integrated with existing structures and uses, and is put into practice on a broad scale. The concept also looks to reduce the [consumption of un\\-built land](/wiki/Land_consumption \"Land consumption\") through prioritizing inner development over outer development. In Germany the approach of circular flow land use management has been developed and tested by the [German Institute for Urban Affairs](/wiki/German_Institute_for_Urban_Affairs \"German Institute for Urban Affairs\") (Deutsches Institut für Urbanistik) on behalf of the German Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Affairs (BMVBS) and German Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning (BBR).\n\n",
"Concept of Land Use\n-------------------\n\nThe concept of circular flow land use management can be described with the slogan “reduce – recycle – avoid”. To create [sustainable](/wiki/Sustainable \"Sustainable\") [land uses](/wiki/Land_use \"Land use\"), actions have to be supported to find new innovative ways to “reduce” the consumption of land by new development “recycle” or put back into use abandoned and derelict sites, and “avoid” future land use decisions that are not [sustainable](/wiki/Sustainability \"Sustainability\"). The concept puts a high value upon the development of inner districts through infill measures.\nThis approach takes into consideration issues related to [urban sprawl](/wiki/Urban_sprawl \"Urban sprawl\"), [urban planning](/wiki/Urban_planning \"Urban planning\"), [brownfield land](/wiki/Brownfield_land \"Brownfield land\"), and [land use planning](/wiki/Land_use_planning \"Land use planning\"). The concept was developed by the German Institute for Urban Affairs (Difu) and the Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning (BBR) between 2003 and 2007 during the ExWoSt research field “circular land use management in cities and urban regions” (Kreislaufwirtschaft in der städtischen/stadtregionalen Flächennuntzung \\-. Fläche im Kreis)\n\n",
"Practical application\n---------------------\n\nTo incorporate the circular flow land use management concept into the practice of city planning in Central Europe, the project “Circular Flow Land Use Management (CircUse)” was initiated by the European Union Central Europe organization as well as co\\-financed by the [European Regional Development Fund](/wiki/European_Regional_Development_Fund \"European Regional Development Fund\"). The CircUse project involves 12 partner organizations and 3 associated organizations in the six countries of Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Italy, Poland and Slovakia. The lead organization is the [Institute for the Ecology of Urban Areas](/wiki/Institute_for_the_Ecology_of_Urban_Areas \"Institute for the Ecology of Urban Areas\") (IETU), located in [Katowice](/wiki/Katowice \"Katowice\"), Poland.\nThe main core outputs of the CircUse project will be:\n* A Circular Flow Land Use Management Strategy\n* Position paper on existing and new instruments\n* Separate training materials for professionals and school children\n* Management structures (one newly formed and another modified from its previous form) that incorporate the CircUse principles\n* Developed action plans for six pilot regions\n* A [land management](/wiki/Land_management \"Land management\") data tool available as a software package\n* A compendium summarizing the entire project\n\n",
"Timeframe\n---------\n\nThe CircUse project was initiated in March 2010 and is scheduled to run until the end of February 2013\\.\n\n",
"Similar projects\n----------------\n\nCircUse also builds on the experiences the German \"ExWoSt Research Field: Circular land use management in cities and urban regions” (ExWoSt Themafeld: Kreislaufwirtschaft in der städtischen/stadtregionalen Flächennutzung) and the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) Research Programme \"Research for the Reduction of Land Consumption and for Sustainable Land Management\" (Forschung für die Reduzierung der Flächeninanspruchnahme und ein nachhaltiges Flächenmanagement). Similar projects carried out by other organizations include the European Union PLUREL project.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Project Website](http://www.circuse.eu)\n* [Project Results](http://www.circuse.eu/index.php?option=com_showdown&typeid=1&Itemid=33)\n* [REFINA Project](http://www.refina-info.de)\n* [PLUREL Project](http://www.plurel.net)\n",
"Further reading\n---------------\n\n* Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Affairs (BMVBS), Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning (BBR) (published by.) (2007\\): Kreislaufwirtschaft in der städtischen/stadtregionalen Flächennutzung, revised by Thomas Preuß et al. (German Institute of Urban Affairs et al.) and Fabian Dosch et al. (BBR), Bonn (Werkstatt publication series: Praxis, No. 51\\).\n* Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning (BBR) (published by) (2006\\): Perspektive Flächenkreislaufwirtschaft special publications series for the ExWoSt research field Fläche im Kreis, Vol. 1: Theoretische Grundlagen und Planspielkonzeption, revised by Thomas Preuß et al. (German Institute of Urban Affairs et al.) and Fabian Dosch et al., (BBR), Bonn.\n* Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning (BBR) (published by) (2006\\): Perspektive Flächenkreislaufwirtschaft special publications series for the ExWoSt research field Fläche im Kreis, Vol. 2: Was leisten bestehende Instrumente?, revised by Thomas Preuß et al. (German Institute of Urban Affairs et al.) and Fabian Dosch et al., (BBR), Bonn.\n* Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning (BBR) (published by) (2007\\): Perspektive Flächenkreislaufwirtschaft special publications series for the ExWoSt research field Fläche im Kreis, Vol. 3: Neue Instrumente für neue Ziele, revised by Thomas Preuß et al. (German Institute of Urban Affairs et al.) and Fabian Dosch et al., (BBR), Bonn.\n* Preuß, Thomas and Ferber, Uwe (2008\\): Circular land use management in cities and urban regions – a policy mix utilizing existing and newly conceived instruments to implement an innovative strategic and policy approach, German Institute of Urban Affairs (Difu), Difu\\-Paper, Berlin.\n* Preuß, Thomas and Ferber, Uwe(2006\\): Circular Flow Land Use Management: New Strategic, Planning and Instrumental Approaches for Mobilisation of Brownfields, German Institute of Urban Affairs, Occasional paper, Berlin.\n* Bock, Stephanie, Hinzen, Ajo and Libbe, Jens (published by) (2011\\): Nachhaltiges Flächenmanagement – Ein Handbuch für die Praxis. Ergebnisse aus der REFINA\\-Forschung, Berlin.\n\n[Category:Research](/wiki/Category:Research \"Research\")\n[Category:Sustainable urban planning](/wiki/Category:Sustainable_urban_planning \"Sustainable urban planning\")\n[Category:City](/wiki/Category:City \"City\")\n[Category:Sustainability in Germany](/wiki/Category:Sustainability_in_Germany \"Sustainability in Germany\")\n\n"
]
} |
Ctenodes | {
"id": [
14423536
],
"name": [
"Plantdrew"
]
} | b90y0nbdsrk6dlf120l90cu5cw852lu | 2021-02-09T01:32:07Z | 905,927,337 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Ctenodes*** is a genus of [beetles](/wiki/Beetle \"Beetle\") in the family [Cerambycidae](/wiki/Cerambycidae \"Cerambycidae\"), containing the following species:Bezark, Larry G. [A Photographic Catalog of the Cerambycidae of the World](http://plant.cdfa.ca.gov/byciddb/bycidview.asp) . Retrieved on 22 May 2012\\.\n\n* *[Ctenodes decemmaculata](/wiki/Ctenodes_decemmaculata \"Ctenodes decemmaculata\")* Olivier, 1807\n* *[Ctenodes geniculata](/wiki/Ctenodes_geniculata \"Ctenodes geniculata\")* Klug, 1825\n* *[Ctenodes guianensis](/wiki/Ctenodes_guianensis \"Ctenodes guianensis\")* Dalens, Tavakilian \\& Touroult, 2009\n* *[Ctenodes zonata](/wiki/Ctenodes_zonata \"Ctenodes zonata\")* Klug, 1825\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Trachyderini](/wiki/Category:Trachyderini \"Trachyderini\")\n[Category:Cerambycidae genera](/wiki/Category:Cerambycidae_genera \"Cerambycidae genera\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
List of tallest buildings in Madrid | {
"id": [
27823944
],
"name": [
"GreenC bot"
]
} | fqgchmocbfxk0csrf4q7gge9ncnqb41 | 2024-08-26T17:03:48Z | 1,215,683,389 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Tallest buildings",
"Tallest under construction or proposed",
"Under construction",
"Proposed",
"Timeline of tallest buildings",
"Gallery",
"Sources and external links",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
3,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n[400px\\|thumb\\|AZCA \\& CTBA business complexes, where most of the tallest buildings are located](/wiki/File:Azca-Skyline-271112.jpg \"Azca-Skyline-271112.jpg\")\nSince 2009, the tallest building in [Madrid](/wiki/Madrid \"Madrid\") (and [Spain](/wiki/Spain \"Spain\")) has been [Torre de Cristal](/wiki/Torre_de_Cristal \"Torre de Cristal\"), that dominates the Madrid skyline with 250 m in height. Madrid has two main business centres: [Cuatro Torres Business Area](/wiki/Cuatro_Torres_Business_Area \"Cuatro Torres Business Area\") and [AZCA](/wiki/AZCA \"AZCA\").\n\n",
"Tallest buildings\n-----------------\n\nThe list includes buildings (above ) in the city of Madrid and its metropolitan area. An asterisk (\\*) indicates that the building is still under construction, but has been topped out.\n\n| Rank | Name | Image | Heightm (ft) | Floors | Year | Use |\n| 1\n\n [Torre de Cristal](/wiki/Torre_de_Cristal_%28Madrid%29 \"Torre de Cristal (Madrid)\") |\n [80px](/wiki/File:Torre_de_Cristal_%28Madrid%29_09a.jpg \"Torre de Cristal (Madrid) 09a.jpg\") |\n \n\n 52\n\n 2009\n\n Office |\n| 2\n\n [Torre Cepsa](/wiki/Torre_Cepsa \"Torre Cepsa\") |\n [80px](/wiki/File:Torre_Caja_Madrid_%28CTBA%29_08a.jpg \"Torre Caja Madrid (CTBA) 08a.jpg\") |\n \n\n 45\n\n 2008\n\n Office |\n| 3\n\n [Torre PwC](/wiki/Torre_PwC \"Torre PwC\") |\n [134x134px](/wiki/File:Torre_PwC_%28Madrid%29_002.jpg \"Torre PwC (Madrid) 002.jpg\") |\n \n\n 52\n\n 2009\n\n Office, hotel |\n| 4\n\n [Torre Espacio](/wiki/Torre_Espacio \"Torre Espacio\") |\n [80px](/wiki/File:Torre_Espacio_%28Madrid%29_09a.jpg \"Torre Espacio (Madrid) 09a.jpg\") |\n \n\n 51\n\n 2008\n\n Office |\n| 5\n\n [Caleido](/wiki/Caleido \"Caleido\") |\n [alt\\=\\|120x120px](/wiki/File:Madrid_-_CTBA%2C_Torre_Caleido_01.jpg \"Madrid - CTBA, Torre Caleido 01.jpg\") |\n \n\n 36\n\n 2020\n\n Office |\n| 6 | [Torre Picasso](/wiki/Torre_Picasso \"Torre Picasso\") | [80px](/wiki/File:Torre_Picasso_-_01.jpg \"Torre Picasso - 01.jpg\") | | 46 | 1988 | Office |\n| 7 | [Torre de Madrid](/wiki/Torre_de_Madrid \"Torre de Madrid\") | [80px](/wiki/File:Torre_de_Madrid_-_02.jpg \"Torre de Madrid - 02.jpg\") | | 36 | 1957 | Residential, office |\n| 8 | [Torre Europa](/wiki/Torre_Europa_%28Madrid%29 \"Torre Europa (Madrid)\") | [80px](/wiki/File:Torre_Europa_%28Madrid%29_12.jpg \"Torre Europa (Madrid) 12.jpg\") | | 30 | 1985 | Office |\n| 9 | [Edificio España](/wiki/Edificio_Espa%C3%B1a \"Edificio España\") | [80px](/wiki/File:Edificio_Espa%C3%B1a_-_02.jpg \"Edificio España - 02.jpg\") | | 25 | 1953 | Hotel, office |\n| 10 | [Torres de Colón](/wiki/Torres_de_Col%C3%B3n \"Torres de Colón\") | [80px](/wiki/File:Madrid_-_Torres_de_Col%C3%B3n_-_20071028a.jpg \"Madrid - Torres de Colón - 20071028a.jpg\") | | 23 | 1976 | Office |\n| 11\\= | [Gate of Europe](/wiki/Gate_of_Europe \"Gate of Europe\") tower 1 | [80px](/wiki/File:PlazaCastillaMadrid.JPG \"PlazaCastillaMadrid.JPG\") | | 26 | 1996 | Office |\n| 11\\= | [Gate of Europe](/wiki/Gate_of_Europe \"Gate of Europe\") tower 2 | [80px](/wiki/File:PlazaCastillaMadrid.JPG \"PlazaCastillaMadrid.JPG\") | | 26 | 1996 | Office |\n| 13 | [Castellana 81](/wiki/Castellana_81 \"Castellana 81\") | [80px](/wiki/File:Torre_BBVA_ma%C3%B1ana.jpg \"Torre BBVA mañana.jpg\") | | 32 | 1981 | Office |\n| 14 | [Torre Titania](/wiki/Torre_Titania \"Torre Titania\") | [80px](/wiki/File:Torre_Titania_with_night_time_illumination.jpg \"Torre Titania with night time illumination.jpg\") | | 23 | 2011 | Office |\n| 15\\= | [Skyline Madrid](/wiki/Skyline_Madrid \"Skyline Madrid\") tower 1 | | | 25 | 2022 | Residential |\n| 15\\= | [Skyline Madrid](/wiki/Skyline_Madrid \"Skyline Madrid\") tower 2 | | | 25 | 2022 | Residential |\n| 15\\= | [Torre del Complejo Cuzco](/wiki/Torre_del_Complejo_Cuzco \"Torre del Complejo Cuzco\") | [80px](/wiki/File:Cuzco%2C_Madrid.JPG \"Cuzco, Madrid.JPG\") | | 25 | 1979 | Office |\n| 18 | [Torre Castilla](/wiki/Torre_Castilla \"Torre Castilla\") | [80px](/wiki/File:Torre_Castilla.jpg \"Torre Castilla.jpg\") | | 24 | 1981 | Office |\n| 19 | [Valencia Tower](/wiki/Valencia_Tower \"Valencia Tower\") | [80px](/wiki/File:Torre_de_Valencia_%28Madrid%29_01.jpg \"Torre de Valencia (Madrid) 01.jpg\") | | 30 | 1973 | Residential |\n| 20 | [Hospital Central de la Defensa Gómez Ulla](/wiki/G%C3%B3mez_Ulla_Military_Hospital \"Gómez Ulla Military Hospital\") | [80px](/wiki/File:HCD_GOMEZ_ULLA.jpg \"HCD GOMEZ ULLA.jpg\") | | 22 | 1972 | Hospital |\n| 21 | [Telefónica Building](/wiki/Telef%C3%B3nica_Building \"Telefónica Building\") | [106x106px](/wiki/File:Madrid_-_Gran_Via%2C_Edificio_Telef%C3%B3nica_3.jpg \"Madrid - Gran Via, Edificio Telefónica 3.jpg\") | | 14 | 1929 | Office |\n| 22 | [Torre Metropolitana](/wiki/Torre_Metropolitana \"Torre Metropolitana\") | [107x107px](/wiki/File:Torre_Metropolitana.JPG \"Torre Metropolitana.JPG\") | | 24 | 1978 | Office, residential |\n| 23 | [Torre Retiro](/wiki/Torre_Retiro \"Torre Retiro\") | [80px](/wiki/File:Torre_del_Retiro_%28Madrid%29_01.jpg \"Torre del Retiro (Madrid) 01.jpg\") | | 24 | 1971 | Office, residential |\n| 24 | [Torre Mahou](/wiki/Torre_Mahou \"Torre Mahou\") | [80px](/wiki/File:Edificio_Alfredo_Mahou_%28Madrid%29_02.jpg \"Edificio Alfredo Mahou (Madrid) 02.jpg\") | | 22 | 1990 | Office |\n| 25 | [Condado de Treviño 2](/wiki/Condado_de_Trevi%C3%B1o_2 \"Condado de Treviño 2\") | [80px](/wiki/File:Edificio_en_el_n%C3%BAmero_2_de_la_calle_Condado_de_Trevi%C3%B1o.JPG \"Edificio en el número 2 de la calle Condado de Treviño.JPG\") | | 26 | 1980 | Residential |\n| 26 | [Entrerrios Apartments](/wiki/Entrerrios_Apartments \"Entrerrios Apartments\") | | | 25 | 1973 | Residential |\n| 27 | [Puerta de Chamartin](/wiki/Puerta_de_Chamartin \"Puerta de Chamartin\") | [80px](/wiki/File:Torre_Puerta_de_Chamart%C3%ADn%2C_Madrid.JPG \"Torre Puerta de Chamartín, Madrid.JPG\") | | 22 | 2006 | Residential |\n| 28 | Condado de Treviño 9 | [80px](/wiki/File:Edificio_del_n%C3%BAmero_9_de_la_calle_Condado_de_Trevi%C3%B1o%2C_Madrid..JPG \"Edificio del número 9 de la calle Condado de Treviño, Madrid..JPG\") | | 24 | 1974 | Residential |\n| 29 | [Oficina Española de Patentes y Marcas](/wiki/Oficina_Espa%C3%B1ola_de_Patentes_y_Marcas \"Oficina Española de Patentes y Marcas\") | [80px](/wiki/File:Oficina_Espa%C3%B1ola_de_Patentes_y_Marcas%2C_Madrid.JPG \"Oficina Española de Patentes y Marcas, Madrid.JPG\") | | 19 | 1978 | Office |\n| 30 | [Torre Panorama](/wiki/Torre_Panorama \"Torre Panorama\") | [80px](/wiki/File:Torre_Panorama%2C_Madrid.JPG \"Torre Panorama, Madrid.JPG\") | | 22 | 2006 | Residential |\n| 31 | Caleruega 18 | [80px](/wiki/File:Edificio_de_Calle_Caleruega_18_%28fachada_a_calle_Condado_de_Trevi%C3%B1o%29.JPG \"Edificio de Calle Caleruega 18 (fachada a calle Condado de Treviño).JPG\") | | 23 | 1973 | Residential |\n| 32\\= | Caleruega 50 | [80px](/wiki/File:Edificio_del_n%C3%BAmero_50_de_la_calle_Caleruega%2C_Madrid.JPG \"Edificio del número 50 de la calle Caleruega, Madrid.JPG\") | | 22 | 1976 | Residential |\n| 32\\= | Caleruega 51 | [80px](/wiki/File:Parte_trasera_del_edificio_del_n%C3%BAmero_51_de_la_calle_Caleruega.JPG \"Parte trasera del edificio del número 51 de la calle Caleruega.JPG\") | | 22 | 1979 | Residential |\n| 34 | [Torres Blancas](/wiki/Torres_Blancas \"Torres Blancas\") | [80px](/wiki/File:Torres_Blancas_%28Madrid%29_04.jpg \"Torres Blancas (Madrid) 04.jpg\") | | 21 | 1968 | Residential |\n\n",
"Tallest under construction or proposed\n--------------------------------------\n\n### Under construction\n\n| Name | District | Heightm (ft) | Floors | Year | Use |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [Torres de Colón](/wiki/Torres_de_Col%C3%B3n \"Torres de Colón\") (reform) | [Chamberí](/wiki/Chamber%C3%AD \"Chamberí\") | | 27 | 2022 | Office |\n| AXA tower 1[AXA proyecta 330 viviendas protegidas en el distrito madrileño de Tetuán](https://www.idealista.com/news/inmobiliario/vivienda/2021/11/10/793250-axa-proyecta-330-viviendas-protegidas-en-el-distrito-madrileno-de-tetuan) (in Spanish)[Comienzan las obras de las segundas torres al final de Marqués de Viana](https://www.tetuan30dias.com/actualidad/comienzan-obras-segundas-torres-final-marques-viana) (in Spanish) | [Tetuán](/wiki/Tetu%C3%A1n_%28Madrid%29 \"Tetuán (Madrid)\") | ≃ | 24\\+attic | | Residential |\n| AXA tower 2 | [Tetuán](/wiki/Tetu%C3%A1n_%28Madrid%29 \"Tetuán (Madrid)\") | ≃ | 24\\+attic | | Residential |\n| [Méndez Álvaro II](/wiki/M%C3%A9ndez_%C3%81lvaro_II \"Méndez Álvaro II\")[Méndez Álvaro Campus](https://www.lamela.com/en/proyectos/mendez-alvaro-office-complex/) (in Spanish) | [Arganzuela](/wiki/Arganzuela \"Arganzuela\") | | 18 | 2022 | Office |\n| [Campus Méndez Álvaro](/wiki/Campus_M%C3%A9ndez_%C3%81lvaro \"Campus Méndez Álvaro\") | [Arganzuela](/wiki/Arganzuela \"Arganzuela\") | | 17 | 2022 | Office |\n|\n\n### Proposed\n\n| Name | District | Height m (ft) | Floors | Year | Use |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Fábrica de Clesa Torre I | [Fuencarral\\-El Pardo](/wiki/Fuencarral-El_Pardo \"Fuencarral-El Pardo\") | | 32 | \\- | Hotel, office |\n| Torre Metropolitan | [Chamberí](/wiki/Chamber%C3%AD \"Chamberí\") | | 31 | \\- | Residential |\n| Torre Adequa | [Hortaleza](/wiki/Hortaleza \"Hortaleza\") | | 25 | 2022 | Office |\n| Fábrica de Clesa Torre II | [Fuencarral\\-El Pardo](/wiki/Fuencarral-El_Pardo \"Fuencarral-El Pardo\") | | \\- | \\- | Hotel, office |\n\n",
"### Under construction\n\n| Name | District | Heightm (ft) | Floors | Year | Use |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [Torres de Colón](/wiki/Torres_de_Col%C3%B3n \"Torres de Colón\") (reform) | [Chamberí](/wiki/Chamber%C3%AD \"Chamberí\") | | 27 | 2022 | Office |\n| AXA tower 1[AXA proyecta 330 viviendas protegidas en el distrito madrileño de Tetuán](https://www.idealista.com/news/inmobiliario/vivienda/2021/11/10/793250-axa-proyecta-330-viviendas-protegidas-en-el-distrito-madrileno-de-tetuan) (in Spanish)[Comienzan las obras de las segundas torres al final de Marqués de Viana](https://www.tetuan30dias.com/actualidad/comienzan-obras-segundas-torres-final-marques-viana) (in Spanish) | [Tetuán](/wiki/Tetu%C3%A1n_%28Madrid%29 \"Tetuán (Madrid)\") | ≃ | 24\\+attic | | Residential |\n| AXA tower 2 | [Tetuán](/wiki/Tetu%C3%A1n_%28Madrid%29 \"Tetuán (Madrid)\") | ≃ | 24\\+attic | | Residential |\n| [Méndez Álvaro II](/wiki/M%C3%A9ndez_%C3%81lvaro_II \"Méndez Álvaro II\")[Méndez Álvaro Campus](https://www.lamela.com/en/proyectos/mendez-alvaro-office-complex/) (in Spanish) | [Arganzuela](/wiki/Arganzuela \"Arganzuela\") | | 18 | 2022 | Office |\n| [Campus Méndez Álvaro](/wiki/Campus_M%C3%A9ndez_%C3%81lvaro \"Campus Méndez Álvaro\") | [Arganzuela](/wiki/Arganzuela \"Arganzuela\") | | 17 | 2022 | Office |\n|\n\n",
"### Proposed\n\n| Name | District | Height m (ft) | Floors | Year | Use |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Fábrica de Clesa Torre I | [Fuencarral\\-El Pardo](/wiki/Fuencarral-El_Pardo \"Fuencarral-El Pardo\") | | 32 | \\- | Hotel, office |\n| Torre Metropolitan | [Chamberí](/wiki/Chamber%C3%AD \"Chamberí\") | | 31 | \\- | Residential |\n| Torre Adequa | [Hortaleza](/wiki/Hortaleza \"Hortaleza\") | | 25 | 2022 | Office |\n| Fábrica de Clesa Torre II | [Fuencarral\\-El Pardo](/wiki/Fuencarral-El_Pardo \"Fuencarral-El Pardo\") | | \\- | \\- | Hotel, office |\n\n",
"Timeline of tallest buildings\n-----------------------------\n\n| Name | Image | District | Years at tallest | Height (m) | Height (ft) | Floors |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [Edificio Metrópolis](/wiki/Edificio_Metr%C3%B3polis%2C_Madrid \"Edificio Metrópolis, Madrid\") | [100x100px](/wiki/File:Edificio_Metr%C3%B3polis%2C_calle_de_Alcal%C3%A1%2C_Madrid%2C_Espa%C3%B1a%2C_2017-05-18%2C_DD_08.jpg \"Edificio Metrópolis, calle de Alcalá, Madrid, España, 2017-05-18, DD 08.jpg\") | [Centro](/wiki/Centro_%28Madrid%29 \"Centro (Madrid)\") | 1910\\-1928 | 45 | 148 | 5 |\n| [Palacio de la Prensa](/wiki/Palacio_de_la_Prensa \"Palacio de la Prensa\") | [149x149px](/wiki/File:Palacio_de_la_Prensa_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg \"Palacio de la Prensa (Madrid) 06.jpg\") | [Centro](/wiki/Centro_%28Madrid%29 \"Centro (Madrid)\") | 1928\\-1929 | 58 | 190 | 14 |\n| [Edificio Telefónica](/wiki/Telef%C3%B3nica_Building \"Telefónica Building\") | [133x133px](/wiki/File:Madrid_-_Gran_Via%2C_Edificio_Telef%C3%B3nica_3.jpg \"Madrid - Gran Via, Edificio Telefónica 3.jpg\") | [Centro](/wiki/Centro_%28Madrid%29 \"Centro (Madrid)\") | 1929\\-1953 | 88 | 289 | 14 |\n| [Edificio España](/wiki/Edificio_Espa%C3%B1a \"Edificio España\") | [100x100px](/wiki/File:Edificio_Espa%C3%B1a_%28Madrid%29_2014-02-10_perspective_corrected.jpg \"Edificio España (Madrid) 2014-02-10 perspective corrected.jpg\") | [Centro](/wiki/Centro_%28Madrid%29 \"Centro (Madrid)\") | 1953\\-1957 | 117 | 384 | 25 |\n| [Torre de Madrid](/wiki/Torre_de_Madrid \"Torre de Madrid\") | [150x150px](/wiki/File:Torre_de_Madrid_-_10.jpg \"Torre de Madrid - 10.jpg\") | [Moncloa\\-Aravaca](/wiki/Moncloa-Aravaca \"Moncloa-Aravaca\") | 1957\\-1988 | 142 | 466 | 34 |\n| [Torre Picasso](/wiki/Torre_Picasso \"Torre Picasso\") | [150x150px](/wiki/File:Torre_Picasso_-_01.jpg \"Torre Picasso - 01.jpg\") | [Tetuán](/wiki/Tetu%C3%A1n_%28Madrid%29 \"Tetuán (Madrid)\") | 1988\\-2007 | 155 | 515 | 43 |\n| [Torre Espacio](/wiki/Torre_Espacio \"Torre Espacio\") | [169x169px](/wiki/File:Torre_Espacio_%28Madrid%29_09a.jpg \"Torre Espacio (Madrid) 09a.jpg\") | [Fuencarral\\-El Pardo](/wiki/Fuencarral-El_Pardo \"Fuencarral-El Pardo\") | 2007\\-2008 | 224 | 755 | 56 |\n| [Torre de Cristal](/wiki/Torre_de_Cristal \"Torre de Cristal\") | [187x187px](/wiki/File:Torre_de_Cristal_%28Madrid%29_09a.jpg \"Torre de Cristal (Madrid) 09a.jpg\") | [Fuencarral\\-El Pardo](/wiki/Fuencarral-El_Pardo \"Fuencarral-El Pardo\") | 2008–present | 249 | 817 | 50 |\n\n",
"Gallery\n-------\n\nFile:Vista de Madrid desde Callao 01\\.jpg\\|\\[\\[Cuatro Torres Business Area]] (left) and \\[\\[AZCA]] (right) from the Edificio Capitol\nFile:Madrid Cuatro Torres Business Area.jpg\\|\\[\\[Cuatro Torres Business Area]]\nFile:AZCA (Madrid) 01\\.jpg\\|\\[\\[AZCA]]\nFile:Paseo de la Castellana (Madrid) 48\\.jpg\\|\\[\\[Paseo de la Castellana]]\n\n",
"Sources and external links\n--------------------------\n\n* at [Emporis](/wiki/Emporis \"Emporis\")\n* [Report for Madrid](http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?cityID=815) at [SkyscraperPage](/wiki/SkyscraperPage \"SkyscraperPage\")\n* [Report for Madrid](http://en.structurae.de/geo/geoid/index.cfm?id=32) at [Structurae](/wiki/Structurae \"Structurae\")\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Madrid](/wiki/Category:Lists_of_tallest_buildings_in_Spain \"Lists of tallest buildings in Spain\")\n[\\*](/wiki/Category:Skyscrapers_in_Madrid \"Skyscrapers in Madrid\")\n[Tallest buildings](/wiki/Category:Madrid-related_lists \"Madrid-related lists\")\n\n"
]
} |
Minuscule 873 | {
"id": [
38056903
],
"name": [
"ThaesOfereode"
]
} | 0k7wrfbqqbmj0vdlgxvvhfpbwwpxsob | 2024-05-20T02:42:11Z | 997,667,526 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Description",
"Text",
"History",
"See also",
"References",
"Further reading",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Minuscule 873** (in the [Gregory\\-Aland](/wiki/Biblical_manuscript%23Gregory-Aland \"Biblical manuscript#Gregory-Aland\") numbering), ε103 ([von Soden](/wiki/Biblical_manuscript%23Von_Soden \"Biblical manuscript#Von Soden\")), is an 11th\\-century [Greek](/wiki/Greek_language \"Greek language\") [minuscule](/wiki/Lower_case \"Lower case\") [manuscript](/wiki/Manuscript \"Manuscript\") of the [New Testament](/wiki/New_Testament \"New Testament\") on parchment. The manuscript has survived in complete condition.\n\n",
"Description\n-----------\n\nThe [codex](/wiki/Codex \"Codex\") contains the text of the four [Gospels](/wiki/Gospel \"Gospel\") on 289 parchment leaves (size ). The text is written in two columns per page, 23 lines per page. At the end it has additional non\\-biblical material – *Lives of 12 Apostles*. According to [Hermann von Soden](/wiki/Hermann_von_Soden \"Hermann von Soden\") it is an ornamented manuscript.\n\nThe text is divided according to chapters (tables of ), whose numbers are given at the margin, and their titles () at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller [Ammonian Sections](/wiki/Ammonian_Sections \"Ammonian Sections\"), with references to the [Eusebian Canons](/wiki/Eusebian_Canons \"Eusebian Canons\") (written below Ammonian Section numbers).\n\nIt also contains the *[Epistula ad Carpianum](/wiki/Epistula_ad_Carpianum \"Epistula ad Carpianum\")*, Eusebian Canon tables, and tables of contents (). Subscriptions at the end of each of the Gospels with numbers of lines () and *[stichoi](/wiki/Stichometry \"Stichometry\")* ().\n\n",
"Text\n----\n\nThe Greek text of the codex is a representative of the [Byzantine text\\-type](/wiki/Byzantine_text-type \"Byzantine text-type\"). [Hermann von Soden](/wiki/Hermann_von_Soden \"Hermann von Soden\") included it to the textual family [Kx](/wiki/Family_Kx \"Family Kx\"). [Kurt Aland](/wiki/Kurt_Aland \"Kurt Aland\") did not examine the text of the codex and did not place it in any [Category](/wiki/Categories_of_New_Testament_manuscripts \"Categories of New Testament manuscripts\").\n\nAccording to the [Claremont Profile Method](/wiki/Claremont_Profile_Method \"Claremont Profile Method\") it has a mixture of the Byzantine families in Luke 1 and represents the textual family Kx in Luke 20\\. In Luke 10 no profile was made.\n\nIt contains the spurious text of [Matthew 16:2b–3](/wiki/Matthew_16:2b%E2%80%933 \"2b–3\") (*Signs of the times*) and [Pericope Adulterae](/wiki/Jesus_and_the_woman_taken_in_adultery \"Jesus and the woman taken in adultery\") (John 7:53\\-8:11\\), but they are marked with an [obelus](/wiki/Obelus \"Obelus\") as doubtful.\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\n[C. R. Gregory](/wiki/C._R._Gregory \"C. R. Gregory\") dated the manuscript to the 11th century. Currently the manuscript is dated by the [INTF](/wiki/Institute_for_New_Testament_Textual_Research \"Institute for New Testament Textual Research\") to the 11th century. Probably it was written in [Calabria](/wiki/Calabria \"Calabria\"). Formerly it was known as Codex Columnensis 4\\.\n\nThe manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by [Scrivener](/wiki/Frederick_Henry_Ambrose_Scrivener \"Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener\") (689e) and Gregory (873e). [C. R. Gregory](/wiki/C._R._Gregory \"C. R. Gregory\") saw it in 1886\\.\n\nCurrently it is housed in the [Vatican Library](/wiki/Vatican_Library \"Vatican Library\") (Gr. 2165\\), in [Rome](/wiki/Rome \"Rome\").\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [List of New Testament minuscules](/wiki/List_of_New_Testament_minuscules_%281%E2%80%931000%29 \"List of New Testament minuscules (1–1000)\")\n* [Biblical manuscript](/wiki/Biblical_manuscript \"Biblical manuscript\")\n* [Textual criticism](/wiki/Textual_criticism \"Textual criticism\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"Further reading\n---------------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:Greek New Testament minuscules](/wiki/Category:Greek_New_Testament_minuscules \"Greek New Testament minuscules\")\n[Category:11th\\-century biblical manuscripts](/wiki/Category:11th-century_biblical_manuscripts \"11th-century biblical manuscripts\")\n[Category:Manuscripts of the Vatican Library](/wiki/Category:Manuscripts_of_the_Vatican_Library \"Manuscripts of the Vatican Library\")\n\n"
]
} |
1965–66 New York Knicks season | {
"id": [
32694456
],
"name": [
"LaundryPizza03"
]
} | qk9w55o6ve7d3c5u5sp6qqt66cqw4vo | 2024-07-07T22:56:13Z | 1,172,133,829 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Regular season",
"Season standings",
"Record vs. opponents",
"Game log",
"Awards and records",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
3,
3,
3,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **[1965–66 NBA season](/wiki/1965%E2%80%9366_NBA_season \"1965–66 NBA season\")** was the Knicks' 20th season in the [NBA](/wiki/National_Basketball_Association \"National Basketball Association\").[1965–66 New York Knicks](https://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/NYK/1966.html)\n\n",
"Regular season\n--------------\n\n### Season standings\n\n**x** – clinched playoff spot\n\n### Record vs. opponents\n\n|1965\\-66 NBA Records\n\n| |\n|Team\n\nBAL\n\nBOS\n\nCIN\n\nDET\n\nLAL\n\nNYK\n\nPHI\n\nSFW\n\nSTL\n\n| [Baltimore](/wiki/1965%E2%80%9366_Baltimore_Bullets_season \"1965–66 Baltimore Bullets season\") | — | 3–7 | 3–7 | 5–5 | 4–6 | 7–3 | 5–5 | 4–6 | 7–3 |\n| [Boston](/wiki/1965%E2%80%9366_Boston_Celtics_season \"1965–66 Boston Celtics season\") | 7–3 | — | 5–5 | 6–4 | 7–3 | 10–0 | 4–6 | 8–2 | 7–3 |\n| [Cincinnati](/wiki/1965%E2%80%9366_Cincinnati_Royals_season \"1965–66 Cincinnati Royals season\") | 7–3 | 5–5 | — | 8–2 | 4–6 | 7–3 | 4–6 | 5–5 | 5–5 |\n| [Detroit](/wiki/1965%E2%80%9366_Detroit_Pistons_season \"1965–66 Detroit Pistons season\") | 5–5 | 4–6 | 2–8 | — | 2–8 | 2–8 | 3–7 | 2–8 | 2–8 |\n| [Los Angeles](/wiki/1965%E2%80%9366_Los_Angeles_Lakers_season \"1965–66 Los Angeles Lakers season\") | 6–4 | 3–7 | 6–4 | 8–2 | — | 5–5 | 2–8 | 7–3 | 8–2 |\n| New York | 3–7 | 0–10 | 3–7 | 8–2 | 5–5 | — | 2–8 | 5–5 | 4–6 |\n| [Philadelphia](/wiki/1965%E2%80%9366_Philadelphia_76ers_season \"1965–66 Philadelphia 76ers season\") | 5–5 | 6–4 | 6–4 | 7–3 | 8–2 | 8–2 | — | 8–2 | 7–3 |\n| [San Francisco](/wiki/1965%E2%80%9366_San_Francisco_Warriors_season \"1965–66 San Francisco Warriors season\") | 6–4 | 2–8 | 5–5 | 8–2 | 3–7 | 5–5 | 2–8 | — | 4–6 |\n| [St. Louis](/wiki/1965%E2%80%9366_St._Louis_Hawks_season \"1965–66 St. Louis Hawks season\") | 3–7 | 3–7 | 5–5 | 8–2 | 2–8 | 6–4 | 3–7 | 6–4 | — |\n\n### Game log\n\n| 1965–66 Game log | | | | | | | | | | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **\\#** | **Date** | **Opponent** | **Score** | **High points** | **Record** |\n| 1 | October 16 | [Detroit](/wiki/Detroit_Pistons \"Detroit Pistons\") | 103–111 | [Dick Barnett](/wiki/Dick_Barnett \"Dick Barnett\") (27\\) | 1–0 |\n| 2 | October 20 | @ Detroit | 103–116 | [Jim Barnes](/wiki/Jim_%22Bad_News%22_Barnes \"Jim \") (21\\) | 1–1 |\n| 3 | October 23 | [Los Angeles](/wiki/Los_Angeles_Lakers \"Los Angeles Lakers\") | 101–106 | [Johnny Green](/wiki/Johnny_Green_%28basketball%29 \"Johnny Green (basketball)\") (25\\) | 2–1 |\n| 4 | October 26 | @ Los Angeles | 102–104 | Dick Barnett (28\\) | 2–2 |\n| 5 | October 28 | @ Los Angeles | 116–140 | [Howard Komives](/wiki/Howard_Komives \"Howard Komives\") (16\\) | 2–3 |\n| 6 | October 29 | @ [San Francisco](/wiki/San_Francisco_Warriors \"San Francisco Warriors\") | 100–110 | [Willis Reed](/wiki/Willis_Reed \"Willis Reed\") (18\\) | 2–4 |\n| 7 | October 31 | @ San Francisco | 104–103 | Dick Barnett (30\\) | 3–4 |\n| 8 | November 3 | @ [Baltimore](/wiki/Baltimore_Bullets_%281963%E2%80%931973%29 \"Baltimore Bullets (1963–1973)\") | 114–129 | Dick Barnett (29\\) | 3–5 |\n| 9 | November 4 | Baltimore | 107–108 | Dick Barnett (33\\) | 4–5 |\n| 10 | November 6 | [Cincinnati](/wiki/Cincinnati_Royals \"Cincinnati Royals\") | 114–103 | [Walt Bellamy](/wiki/Walt_Bellamy \"Walt Bellamy\") (30\\) | 4–6 |\n| 11 | November 10 | @ Cincinnati | 119–124 | Dick Barnett (35\\) | 4–7 |\n| 12 | November 12 | N Los Angeles | 106–107 | Dick Barnett (31\\) | 4–8 |\n| 13 | November 13 | [Philadelphia](/wiki/Philadelphia_76ers \"Philadelphia 76ers\") | 127–119 | Dick Barnett (27\\) | 4–9 |\n| 14 | November 16 | Detroit | 95–120 | Dick Barnett (40\\) | 5–9 |\n| 15 | November 18 | @ Baltimore | 104–120 | Willis Reed (30\\) | 5–10 |\n| 16 | November 19 | @ Detroit | 116–109 | Dick Barnett (29\\) | 6–10 |\n| 17 | November 20 | [Boston](/wiki/Boston_Celtics \"Boston Celtics\") | 122–108 | Dick Barnett (39\\) | 6–11 |\n| 18 | November 23 | San Francisco | 134–125 | Dick Barnett (41\\) | 6–12 |\n| 19 | November 24 | @ Boston | 110–125 | Willis Reed (27\\) | 6–13 |\n| 20 | November 26 | @ Cincinnati | 113–117 | Willis Reed (30\\) | 6–14 |\n| 21 | November 27 | Cincinnati | 132–129 | Willis Reed (40\\) | 6–15 |\n| 22 | November 30 | [St. Louis](/wiki/St._Louis_Hawks \"St. Louis Hawks\") | 119–138 | Dick Barnett (36\\) | 7–15 |\n| 23 | December 1 | N Baltimore | 125–139 | Dick Barnett (38\\) | 7–16 |\n| 24 | December 7 | Los Angeles | 127–131 | Dick Barnett (38\\) | 8–16 |\n| 25 | December 8 | N St. Louis | 104–93 | Dick Barnett (22\\) | 8–17 |\n| 26 | December 10 | @ St. Louis | 109–106 | Dick Barnett (36\\) | 9–17 |\n| 27 | December 11 | Baltimore | 127–150 | Dick Barnett (34\\) | 10–17 |\n| 28 | December 14 | San Francisco | 137–141 | Walt Bellamy (31\\) | 11–17 |\n| 29 | December 15 | @ Baltimore | 108–111 | Dick Barnett (33\\) | 11–18 |\n| 30 | December 18 | Cincinnati | 114–122 | Dick Barnett (34\\) | 12–18 |\n| 31 | December 22 | @ Boston | 120–123 (OT) | Walt Bellamy (29\\) | 12–19 |\n| 32 | December 25 | St. Louis | 131–111 | Dick Barnett (24\\) | 12–20 |\n| 33 | December 27 | @ Cincinnati | 116–138 | Dick Barnett (29\\) | 12–21 |\n| 34 | December 29 | Boston | 99–96 | [Stallworth](/wiki/Dave_Stallworth \"Dave Stallworth\"), [Van Arsdale](/wiki/Dick_Van_Arsdale \"Dick Van Arsdale\") (20\\) | 12–22 |\n| 35 | January 1 | Cincinnati | 122–147 | Barnett, Reed (36\\) | 13–22 |\n| 36 | January 2 | @ Philadelphia | 122–133 | Walt Bellamy (36\\) | 13–23 |\n| 37 | January 4 | Philadelphia | 129–127 | Dick Barnett (31\\) | 13–24 |\n| 38 | January 5 | N San Francisco | 118–117 | Dick Barnett (32\\) | 13–25 |\n| 39 | January 8 | Los Angeles | 127–133 | Walt Bellamy (44\\) | 14–25 |\n| 40 | January 9 | @ Baltimore | 124–130 | Dick Van Arsdale (27\\) | 14–26 |\n| 41 | January 12 | @ San Francisco | 114–122 | Dick Barnett (20\\) | 14–27 |\n| 42 | January 15 | @ Los Angeles | 123–152 | Walt Bellamy (22\\) | 14–28 |\n| 43 | January 17 | N St. Louis | 115–106 | Dick Barnett (20\\) | 14–29 |\n| 44 | January 18 | @ St. Louis | 107–109 | Dick Barnett (30\\) | 14–30 |\n| 45 | January 21 | @ Philadelphia | 98–109 | Walt Bellamy (17\\) | 14–31 |\n| 46 | January 22 | @ St. Louis | 111–119 | Dick Barnett (33\\) | 14–32 |\n| 47 | January 25 | Detroit | 100–115 | Dave Stallworth (26\\) | 15–32 |\n| 48 | January 26 | N San Francisco | 103–115 | [Tom Gola](/wiki/Tom_Gola \"Tom Gola\") (20\\) | 16–32 |\n| 49 | January 29 | Boston | 119–107 | Walt Bellamy (32\\) | 16–33 |\n| 50 | January 30 | @ Boston | 115–118 | Walt Bellamy (26\\) | 16–34 |\n| 51 | February 1 | Baltimore | 109–112 | Walt Bellamy (37\\) | 17–34 |\n| 52 | February 4 | @ Detroit | 115–113 | Walt Bellamy (28\\) | 18–34 |\n| 53 | February 5 | Philadelphia | 113–120 | Dick Barnett (23\\) | 19–34 |\n| 54 | February 8 | Philadelphia | 123–136 | Walt Bellamy (23\\) | 20–34 |\n| 55 | February 9 | @ Boston | 117–121 | Dick Barnett (32\\) | 20–35 |\n| 56 | February 11 | N Detroit | 122–107 | Walt Bellamy (24\\) | 21–35 |\n| 57 | February 12 | Los Angeles | 127–140 | Walt Bellamy (30\\) | 22–35 |\n| 58 | February 14 | N San Francisco | 125–138 | Dick Barnett (32\\) | 23–35 |\n| 59 | February 15 | @ Los Angeles | 124–132 | Barnett, Bellamy (30\\) | 23–36 |\n| 60 | February 16 | N San Francisco | 108–112 | Howard Komives (22\\) | 24–36 |\n| 61 | February 18 | @ Detroit | 118–120 | Dick Barnett (31\\) | 24–37 |\n| 62 | February 19 | Cincinnati | 113–124 | Walt Bellamy (37\\) | 25–37 |\n| 63 | February 22 | St. Louis | 108–113 | Bellamy, Reed (24\\) | 26–37 |\n| 64 | February 23 | N Detroit | 100–98 | Walt Bellamy (19\\) | 27–37 |\n| 65 | February 25 | @ Philadelphia | 124–130 | Walt Bellamy (27\\) | 27–38 |\n| 66 | February 26 | Boston | 100–95 | Walt Bellamy (31\\) | 27–39 |\n| 67 | March 1 | San Francisco | 114–112 | Walt Bellamy (29\\) | 27–40 |\n| 68 | March 2 | @ Boston | 104–140 | Walt Bellamy (27\\) | 27–41 |\n| 69 | March 4 | N Detroit | 121–119 | Howard Komives (37\\) | 28–41 |\n| 70 | March 5 | @ Cincinnati | 145–149 (OT) | Dave Stallworth (34\\) | 28–42 |\n| 71 | March 6 | @ St. Louis | 106–119 | Dave Stallworth (25\\) | 28–43 |\n| 72 | March 8 | Los Angeles | 132–133 (OT) | Walt Bellamy (40\\) | 29–43 |\n| 73 | March 11 | Baltimore | 126–123 | Walt Bellamy (27\\) | 29–44 |\n| 74 | March 12 | @ Philadelphia | 126–134 | Walt Bellamy (39\\) | 29–45 |\n| 75 | March 13 | Philadelphia | 115–113 | Howard Komives (32\\) | 29–46 |\n| 76 | March 15 | N Cincinnati | 107–125 | Walt Bellamy (20\\) | 29–47 |\n| 77 | March 16 | @ Baltimore | 113–118 | Howard Komives (24\\) | 29–48 |\n| 78 | March 17 | @ Philadelphia | 106–115 | Walt Bellamy (22\\) | 29–49 |\n| 79 | March 19 | Boston | 126–113 | Dave Stallworth (23\\) | 29–50 |\n| 80 | March 22 | St. Louis | 125–126 | Dick Van Arsdale (24\\) | 30–50 |\n\n",
"### Season standings\n\n**x** – clinched playoff spot\n\n",
"### Record vs. opponents\n\n|1965\\-66 NBA Records\n\n| |\n|Team\n\nBAL\n\nBOS\n\nCIN\n\nDET\n\nLAL\n\nNYK\n\nPHI\n\nSFW\n\nSTL\n\n| [Baltimore](/wiki/1965%E2%80%9366_Baltimore_Bullets_season \"1965–66 Baltimore Bullets season\") | — | 3–7 | 3–7 | 5–5 | 4–6 | 7–3 | 5–5 | 4–6 | 7–3 |\n| [Boston](/wiki/1965%E2%80%9366_Boston_Celtics_season \"1965–66 Boston Celtics season\") | 7–3 | — | 5–5 | 6–4 | 7–3 | 10–0 | 4–6 | 8–2 | 7–3 |\n| [Cincinnati](/wiki/1965%E2%80%9366_Cincinnati_Royals_season \"1965–66 Cincinnati Royals season\") | 7–3 | 5–5 | — | 8–2 | 4–6 | 7–3 | 4–6 | 5–5 | 5–5 |\n| [Detroit](/wiki/1965%E2%80%9366_Detroit_Pistons_season \"1965–66 Detroit Pistons season\") | 5–5 | 4–6 | 2–8 | — | 2–8 | 2–8 | 3–7 | 2–8 | 2–8 |\n| [Los Angeles](/wiki/1965%E2%80%9366_Los_Angeles_Lakers_season \"1965–66 Los Angeles Lakers season\") | 6–4 | 3–7 | 6–4 | 8–2 | — | 5–5 | 2–8 | 7–3 | 8–2 |\n| New York | 3–7 | 0–10 | 3–7 | 8–2 | 5–5 | — | 2–8 | 5–5 | 4–6 |\n| [Philadelphia](/wiki/1965%E2%80%9366_Philadelphia_76ers_season \"1965–66 Philadelphia 76ers season\") | 5–5 | 6–4 | 6–4 | 7–3 | 8–2 | 8–2 | — | 8–2 | 7–3 |\n| [San Francisco](/wiki/1965%E2%80%9366_San_Francisco_Warriors_season \"1965–66 San Francisco Warriors season\") | 6–4 | 2–8 | 5–5 | 8–2 | 3–7 | 5–5 | 2–8 | — | 4–6 |\n| [St. Louis](/wiki/1965%E2%80%9366_St._Louis_Hawks_season \"1965–66 St. Louis Hawks season\") | 3–7 | 3–7 | 5–5 | 8–2 | 2–8 | 6–4 | 3–7 | 6–4 | — |\n\n",
"### Game log\n\n| 1965–66 Game log | | | | | | | | | | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **\\#** | **Date** | **Opponent** | **Score** | **High points** | **Record** |\n| 1 | October 16 | [Detroit](/wiki/Detroit_Pistons \"Detroit Pistons\") | 103–111 | [Dick Barnett](/wiki/Dick_Barnett \"Dick Barnett\") (27\\) | 1–0 |\n| 2 | October 20 | @ Detroit | 103–116 | [Jim Barnes](/wiki/Jim_%22Bad_News%22_Barnes \"Jim \") (21\\) | 1–1 |\n| 3 | October 23 | [Los Angeles](/wiki/Los_Angeles_Lakers \"Los Angeles Lakers\") | 101–106 | [Johnny Green](/wiki/Johnny_Green_%28basketball%29 \"Johnny Green (basketball)\") (25\\) | 2–1 |\n| 4 | October 26 | @ Los Angeles | 102–104 | Dick Barnett (28\\) | 2–2 |\n| 5 | October 28 | @ Los Angeles | 116–140 | [Howard Komives](/wiki/Howard_Komives \"Howard Komives\") (16\\) | 2–3 |\n| 6 | October 29 | @ [San Francisco](/wiki/San_Francisco_Warriors \"San Francisco Warriors\") | 100–110 | [Willis Reed](/wiki/Willis_Reed \"Willis Reed\") (18\\) | 2–4 |\n| 7 | October 31 | @ San Francisco | 104–103 | Dick Barnett (30\\) | 3–4 |\n| 8 | November 3 | @ [Baltimore](/wiki/Baltimore_Bullets_%281963%E2%80%931973%29 \"Baltimore Bullets (1963–1973)\") | 114–129 | Dick Barnett (29\\) | 3–5 |\n| 9 | November 4 | Baltimore | 107–108 | Dick Barnett (33\\) | 4–5 |\n| 10 | November 6 | [Cincinnati](/wiki/Cincinnati_Royals \"Cincinnati Royals\") | 114–103 | [Walt Bellamy](/wiki/Walt_Bellamy \"Walt Bellamy\") (30\\) | 4–6 |\n| 11 | November 10 | @ Cincinnati | 119–124 | Dick Barnett (35\\) | 4–7 |\n| 12 | November 12 | N Los Angeles | 106–107 | Dick Barnett (31\\) | 4–8 |\n| 13 | November 13 | [Philadelphia](/wiki/Philadelphia_76ers \"Philadelphia 76ers\") | 127–119 | Dick Barnett (27\\) | 4–9 |\n| 14 | November 16 | Detroit | 95–120 | Dick Barnett (40\\) | 5–9 |\n| 15 | November 18 | @ Baltimore | 104–120 | Willis Reed (30\\) | 5–10 |\n| 16 | November 19 | @ Detroit | 116–109 | Dick Barnett (29\\) | 6–10 |\n| 17 | November 20 | [Boston](/wiki/Boston_Celtics \"Boston Celtics\") | 122–108 | Dick Barnett (39\\) | 6–11 |\n| 18 | November 23 | San Francisco | 134–125 | Dick Barnett (41\\) | 6–12 |\n| 19 | November 24 | @ Boston | 110–125 | Willis Reed (27\\) | 6–13 |\n| 20 | November 26 | @ Cincinnati | 113–117 | Willis Reed (30\\) | 6–14 |\n| 21 | November 27 | Cincinnati | 132–129 | Willis Reed (40\\) | 6–15 |\n| 22 | November 30 | [St. Louis](/wiki/St._Louis_Hawks \"St. Louis Hawks\") | 119–138 | Dick Barnett (36\\) | 7–15 |\n| 23 | December 1 | N Baltimore | 125–139 | Dick Barnett (38\\) | 7–16 |\n| 24 | December 7 | Los Angeles | 127–131 | Dick Barnett (38\\) | 8–16 |\n| 25 | December 8 | N St. Louis | 104–93 | Dick Barnett (22\\) | 8–17 |\n| 26 | December 10 | @ St. Louis | 109–106 | Dick Barnett (36\\) | 9–17 |\n| 27 | December 11 | Baltimore | 127–150 | Dick Barnett (34\\) | 10–17 |\n| 28 | December 14 | San Francisco | 137–141 | Walt Bellamy (31\\) | 11–17 |\n| 29 | December 15 | @ Baltimore | 108–111 | Dick Barnett (33\\) | 11–18 |\n| 30 | December 18 | Cincinnati | 114–122 | Dick Barnett (34\\) | 12–18 |\n| 31 | December 22 | @ Boston | 120–123 (OT) | Walt Bellamy (29\\) | 12–19 |\n| 32 | December 25 | St. Louis | 131–111 | Dick Barnett (24\\) | 12–20 |\n| 33 | December 27 | @ Cincinnati | 116–138 | Dick Barnett (29\\) | 12–21 |\n| 34 | December 29 | Boston | 99–96 | [Stallworth](/wiki/Dave_Stallworth \"Dave Stallworth\"), [Van Arsdale](/wiki/Dick_Van_Arsdale \"Dick Van Arsdale\") (20\\) | 12–22 |\n| 35 | January 1 | Cincinnati | 122–147 | Barnett, Reed (36\\) | 13–22 |\n| 36 | January 2 | @ Philadelphia | 122–133 | Walt Bellamy (36\\) | 13–23 |\n| 37 | January 4 | Philadelphia | 129–127 | Dick Barnett (31\\) | 13–24 |\n| 38 | January 5 | N San Francisco | 118–117 | Dick Barnett (32\\) | 13–25 |\n| 39 | January 8 | Los Angeles | 127–133 | Walt Bellamy (44\\) | 14–25 |\n| 40 | January 9 | @ Baltimore | 124–130 | Dick Van Arsdale (27\\) | 14–26 |\n| 41 | January 12 | @ San Francisco | 114–122 | Dick Barnett (20\\) | 14–27 |\n| 42 | January 15 | @ Los Angeles | 123–152 | Walt Bellamy (22\\) | 14–28 |\n| 43 | January 17 | N St. Louis | 115–106 | Dick Barnett (20\\) | 14–29 |\n| 44 | January 18 | @ St. Louis | 107–109 | Dick Barnett (30\\) | 14–30 |\n| 45 | January 21 | @ Philadelphia | 98–109 | Walt Bellamy (17\\) | 14–31 |\n| 46 | January 22 | @ St. Louis | 111–119 | Dick Barnett (33\\) | 14–32 |\n| 47 | January 25 | Detroit | 100–115 | Dave Stallworth (26\\) | 15–32 |\n| 48 | January 26 | N San Francisco | 103–115 | [Tom Gola](/wiki/Tom_Gola \"Tom Gola\") (20\\) | 16–32 |\n| 49 | January 29 | Boston | 119–107 | Walt Bellamy (32\\) | 16–33 |\n| 50 | January 30 | @ Boston | 115–118 | Walt Bellamy (26\\) | 16–34 |\n| 51 | February 1 | Baltimore | 109–112 | Walt Bellamy (37\\) | 17–34 |\n| 52 | February 4 | @ Detroit | 115–113 | Walt Bellamy (28\\) | 18–34 |\n| 53 | February 5 | Philadelphia | 113–120 | Dick Barnett (23\\) | 19–34 |\n| 54 | February 8 | Philadelphia | 123–136 | Walt Bellamy (23\\) | 20–34 |\n| 55 | February 9 | @ Boston | 117–121 | Dick Barnett (32\\) | 20–35 |\n| 56 | February 11 | N Detroit | 122–107 | Walt Bellamy (24\\) | 21–35 |\n| 57 | February 12 | Los Angeles | 127–140 | Walt Bellamy (30\\) | 22–35 |\n| 58 | February 14 | N San Francisco | 125–138 | Dick Barnett (32\\) | 23–35 |\n| 59 | February 15 | @ Los Angeles | 124–132 | Barnett, Bellamy (30\\) | 23–36 |\n| 60 | February 16 | N San Francisco | 108–112 | Howard Komives (22\\) | 24–36 |\n| 61 | February 18 | @ Detroit | 118–120 | Dick Barnett (31\\) | 24–37 |\n| 62 | February 19 | Cincinnati | 113–124 | Walt Bellamy (37\\) | 25–37 |\n| 63 | February 22 | St. Louis | 108–113 | Bellamy, Reed (24\\) | 26–37 |\n| 64 | February 23 | N Detroit | 100–98 | Walt Bellamy (19\\) | 27–37 |\n| 65 | February 25 | @ Philadelphia | 124–130 | Walt Bellamy (27\\) | 27–38 |\n| 66 | February 26 | Boston | 100–95 | Walt Bellamy (31\\) | 27–39 |\n| 67 | March 1 | San Francisco | 114–112 | Walt Bellamy (29\\) | 27–40 |\n| 68 | March 2 | @ Boston | 104–140 | Walt Bellamy (27\\) | 27–41 |\n| 69 | March 4 | N Detroit | 121–119 | Howard Komives (37\\) | 28–41 |\n| 70 | March 5 | @ Cincinnati | 145–149 (OT) | Dave Stallworth (34\\) | 28–42 |\n| 71 | March 6 | @ St. Louis | 106–119 | Dave Stallworth (25\\) | 28–43 |\n| 72 | March 8 | Los Angeles | 132–133 (OT) | Walt Bellamy (40\\) | 29–43 |\n| 73 | March 11 | Baltimore | 126–123 | Walt Bellamy (27\\) | 29–44 |\n| 74 | March 12 | @ Philadelphia | 126–134 | Walt Bellamy (39\\) | 29–45 |\n| 75 | March 13 | Philadelphia | 115–113 | Howard Komives (32\\) | 29–46 |\n| 76 | March 15 | N Cincinnati | 107–125 | Walt Bellamy (20\\) | 29–47 |\n| 77 | March 16 | @ Baltimore | 113–118 | Howard Komives (24\\) | 29–48 |\n| 78 | March 17 | @ Philadelphia | 106–115 | Walt Bellamy (22\\) | 29–49 |\n| 79 | March 19 | Boston | 126–113 | Dave Stallworth (23\\) | 29–50 |\n| 80 | March 22 | St. Louis | 125–126 | Dick Van Arsdale (24\\) | 30–50 |\n\n",
"Awards and records\n------------------\n\n[Dick Van Arsdale](/wiki/Dick_Van_Arsdale \"Dick Van Arsdale\"), [NBA All\\-Rookie Team](/wiki/NBA_All-Rookie_Team \"NBA All-Rookie Team\") 1st Team\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:New York Knicks seasons](/wiki/Category:New_York_Knicks_seasons \"New York Knicks seasons\")\n[New York](/wiki/Category:1965%E2%80%9366_NBA_season \"1965–66 NBA season\")\n[New York Knicks](/wiki/Category:1965_in_sports_in_New_York_City \"1965 in sports in New York City\")\n[New York Knicks](/wiki/Category:1966_in_sports_in_New_York_City \"1966 in sports in New York City\")\n[Category:1960s in Manhattan](/wiki/Category:1960s_in_Manhattan \"1960s in Manhattan\")\n\n"
]
} |
Dallas Keuchel | {
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18720022
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"name": [
"Kingryan227"
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} | 9dvybtv9ba3v257rvgipfxjshn1qjjb | 2024-10-12T22:09:29Z | 1,247,772,498 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Early life",
"College career",
"Professional career",
"Draft and minor leagues",
"Houston Astros (2012–2018)",
"2012–14",
"2015: Cy Young Award",
"2016",
"2017",
"2018",
"Atlanta Braves (2019)",
"Chicago White Sox (2020–2022)",
"Arizona Diamondbacks (2022)",
"Texas Rangers (2022)",
"Minnesota Twins (2023)",
"Seattle Mariners (2024)",
"Milwaukee Brewers (2024)",
"Chiba Lotte Marines (2024–)",
"Pitching style",
"Personal life",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
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2,
2,
2,
3,
3,
4,
4,
4,
4,
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"content": [
"\n\n* + - * + - * + - * + - * \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t**Dallas Keuchel** (, ; born January 1, 1988\\) is an American [professional baseball](/wiki/Professional_baseball \"Professional baseball\") [pitcher](/wiki/Pitcher \"Pitcher\") for the [Chiba Lotte Marines](/wiki/Chiba_Lotte_Marines \"Chiba Lotte Marines\") of [Nippon Professional Baseball](/wiki/Nippon_Professional_Baseball \"Nippon Professional Baseball\") (NPB). He has previously played in [Major League Baseball](/wiki/Major_League_Baseball \"Major League Baseball\") (MLB) for the [Houston Astros](/wiki/Houston_Astros \"Houston Astros\"), [Atlanta Braves](/wiki/Atlanta_Braves \"Atlanta Braves\"), [Chicago White Sox](/wiki/Chicago_White_Sox \"Chicago White Sox\"), [Arizona Diamondbacks](/wiki/Arizona_Diamondbacks \"Arizona Diamondbacks\"), [Texas Rangers](/wiki/Texas_Rangers_%28baseball%29 \"Texas Rangers (baseball)\"), [Minnesota Twins](/wiki/Minnesota_Twins \"Minnesota Twins\"), and [Milwaukee Brewers](/wiki/Milwaukee_Brewers \"Milwaukee Brewers\").\n\nKeuchel attended the [University of Arkansas](/wiki/University_of_Arkansas \"University of Arkansas\"), where he played baseball for the [Arkansas Razorbacks](/wiki/Arkansas_Razorbacks_baseball \"Arkansas Razorbacks baseball\"). Keuchel made his MLB debut in 2012\\. In 2014, he was awarded both the [Gold Glove Award](/wiki/Rawlings_Gold_Glove_Award \"Rawlings Gold Glove Award\") and the [Fielding Bible Award](/wiki/Fielding_Bible_Award \"Fielding Bible Award\"). Keuchel was named the starting pitcher for the [American League](/wiki/American_League \"American League\") in the [2015 MLB All\\-Star Game](/wiki/2015_Major_League_Baseball_All-Star_Game \"2015 Major League Baseball All-Star Game\"). Following the 2015 season, he won the American League [Cy Young Award](/wiki/Cy_Young_Award \"Cy Young Award\") along with his second Gold Glove and Fielding Bible Awards. Keuchel was a member of the World Series champion 2017 Houston Astros. He played for the Atlanta Braves in 2019 and signed a three\\-year contract with the Chicago White Sox before the 2020 season. The White Sox designated Keuchel for assignment and subsequently released him in May 2022\\. Later in the year he was signed first by the Arizona Diamondbacks and then by the Texas Rangers, both of which later designated him for assignment. He is a two\\-time All\\-Star and a five\\-time Gold Glove winner.\n\n",
"Early life\n----------\n\n[thumb\\|Keuchel pitching for the [Arkansas Razorbacks](/wiki/Arkansas_Razorbacks_baseball \"Arkansas Razorbacks baseball\")](/wiki/File:Dallas_Keuchel.jpg \"Dallas Keuchel.jpg\")\nKeuchel attended [Bishop Kelley High School](/wiki/Bishop_Kelley_High_School \"Bishop Kelley High School\") in [Tulsa, Oklahoma](/wiki/Tulsa%2C_Oklahoma \"Tulsa, Oklahoma\"), where he led the baseball team to the state championship.\n\n",
"College career\n--------------\n\nKeuchel then attended the [University of Arkansas](/wiki/University_of_Arkansas \"University of Arkansas\"), where he played [college baseball](/wiki/College_baseball \"College baseball\") for the [Arkansas Razorbacks baseball](/wiki/Arkansas_Razorbacks_baseball \"Arkansas Razorbacks baseball\") team. He registered a 5\\.88 [earned run average](/wiki/Earned_run_average \"Earned run average\") (ERA) as a freshman, a 4\\.58 ERA as a sophomore, and a 3\\.92 ERA as a junior. In 2007 and 2008, he played [collegiate summer baseball](/wiki/Collegiate_summer_baseball \"Collegiate summer baseball\") for the [Wareham Gatemen](/wiki/Wareham_Gatemen \"Wareham Gatemen\") of the [Cape Cod Baseball League](/wiki/Cape_Cod_Baseball_League \"Cape Cod Baseball League\") and was a league all\\-star in 2008\\.\n\nDuring the [2009 season](/wiki/2009_Arkansas_Razorbacks_baseball_team \"2009 Arkansas Razorbacks baseball team\"), Keuchel led the Razorbacks as the Friday\\-night ace. The final regular season series was against [Drew Pomeranz](/wiki/Drew_Pomeranz \"Drew Pomeranz\") and \\#9 [Ole Miss](/wiki/Ole_Miss_Rebels_baseball \"Ole Miss Rebels baseball\") at [Baum Stadium](/wiki/Baum_Stadium \"Baum Stadium\"). The Razorbacks committed four errors in Keuchel's last regular season start, and he was tagged with the loss, ending the regular season with a 7–3 record. However, Keuchel led the Arkansas pitching staff to the 2009 College World Series in Omaha. Arkansas finished the CWS 3rd nationally that season.Kleinpeter, Jim. \"College World Series: LSU vs. Texas.\" June 20, 2009\\.[Article.](http://blog.nola.com/lsusports/2009/06/college_world_series_lsu_vs_te.html) [The Times\\-Picayune](/wiki/The_Times-Picayune \"The Times-Picayune\"). Retrieved on June 20, 2009\\. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20090623070825/http://blog.nola.com/lsusports/2009/06/college_world_series_lsu_vs_te.html) June 22, 2009\\.\n\n",
"Professional career\n-------------------\n\n### Draft and minor leagues\n\nAfter his junior year at Arkansas, the [Houston Astros](/wiki/Houston_Astros \"Houston Astros\") selected Keuchel in the seventh round of the [2009 Major League Baseball (MLB) draft](/wiki/2009_Major_League_Baseball_draft \"2009 Major League Baseball draft\"). He signed with the Astros and began his professional career with the [Tri\\-City ValleyCats](/wiki/Tri-City_ValleyCats \"Tri-City ValleyCats\") of the [Low–A](/wiki/Minor_League_Baseball \"Minor League Baseball\") [New York–Penn League](/wiki/New_York%E2%80%93Penn_League \"New York–Penn League\"), where he had a 2\\.70 ERA. He began the 2010 season with the [Lancaster JetHawks](/wiki/Lancaster_JetHawks \"Lancaster JetHawks\") of the [High–A](/wiki/Minor_League_Baseball \"Minor League Baseball\") [California League](/wiki/California_League \"California League\"). After posting a 3\\.36 ERA, the Astros promoted him to the [Corpus Christi Hooks](/wiki/Corpus_Christi_Hooks \"Corpus Christi Hooks\") of the [Double–A](/wiki/Double-A_%28baseball%29 \"Double-A (baseball)\") [Texas League](/wiki/Texas_League \"Texas League\") in July, where he had a 4\\.70 ERA for the remainder of the season. He began the 2011 season with Corpus Christi, and after pitching to a 3\\.17 ERA, received a promotion to the [Oklahoma City RedHawks](/wiki/Oklahoma_City_Dodgers \"Oklahoma City Dodgers\") of the [Triple–A](/wiki/Triple-A_%28baseball%29 \"Triple-A (baseball)\") [Pacific Coast League](/wiki/Pacific_Coast_League \"Pacific Coast League\"), where he struggled with a 7\\.50 ERA.\n\nKeuchel began the 2012 season with Oklahoma City.\n\n### Houston Astros (2012–2018\\)\n\n#### 2012–14\n\n[upright\\|thumb\\|Keuchel with the [Houston Astros in 2013](/wiki/2013_Houston_Astros_season \"2013 Houston Astros season\")](/wiki/File:20130731-0717_Dallas_Keuchel.jpg \"20130731-0717 Dallas Keuchel.jpg\")\nKeuchel made his MLB debut on June 17, [2012](/wiki/2012_Houston_Astros_season \"2012 Houston Astros season\") against the [Texas Rangers](/wiki/2012_Texas_Rangers_season \"2012 Texas Rangers season\"). He threw a [complete game](/wiki/Complete_game \"Complete game\") in his second start. Keuchel finished the 2012 season with a 5\\.27 ERA in 16 games started, while allowing more [walks](/wiki/Base_on_balls \"Base on balls\") (39\\) than [strikeouts](/wiki/Strikeout \"Strikeout\") (38\\). He pitched to a 5\\.15 ERA in the 2013 season.\n\nIn 2014, Keuchel had a 9–5 win–loss record and a 3\\.20 ERA at the [All\\-Star break](/wiki/All-Star_break_%28MLB%29 \"All-Star break (MLB)\"), and was a finalist for the final [American League](/wiki/American_League \"American League\") (AL) roster spot in the [2014 MLB All\\-Star Game](/wiki/2014_Major_League_Baseball_All-Star_Game \"2014 Major League Baseball All-Star Game\"). He finished the season with a 12–9 record and a 2\\.93 ERA. For his defense, Keuchel won both the [Gold Glove Award](/wiki/Rawlings_Gold_Glove_Award \"Rawlings Gold Glove Award\") and [Fielding Bible Award](/wiki/Fielding_Bible_Award \"Fielding Bible Award\").\n\n#### 2015: Cy Young Award\n\n[thumb\\|Keuchel pitching in 2015](/wiki/File:Dallas_Keuchel_on_August_25%2C_2015.jpg \"Dallas Keuchel on August 25, 2015.jpg\")\nIn April [2015](/wiki/2015_Houston_Astros_season \"2015 Houston Astros season\"), Keuchel pitched to a 3–0 record and a 0\\.73 ERA in five games started. He was named the AL's [Pitcher of the Month](/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_Pitcher_of_the_Month_Award \"Major League Baseball Pitcher of the Month Award\") for April 2015\\. He was honored as the AL Pitcher of the Month for May 2015, in which he pitched to a 4–1 record and a 2\\.62 ERA in six starts. Keuchel was selected for the AL roster in the [2015 MLB All\\-Star Game](/wiki/2015_Major_League_Baseball_All-Star_Game \"2015 Major League Baseball All-Star Game\"), and was chosen as the AL's starting pitcher. He won his third AL Pitcher of the Month Award for August, after pitching to a 4–1 record and a 1\\.94 ERA in six starts. Keuchel finished the 2015 season with a 15–0 record at [Minute Maid Park](/wiki/Minute_Maid_Park \"Minute Maid Park\"), becoming the first pitcher in MLB history to finish with an undefeated record at home with at least 14 wins.\n\nHis overall record for the year was 20–8, and he had a 2\\.48 ERA and 216 strikeouts.[\"Dallas Keuchel Statistics and History\"](https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/k/keuchda01.shtml). baseball\\-reference.com. Retrieved November 18, 2015\\. Among major league pitchers, he gave up the lowest percentage of hard\\-hit balls (21\\.3%). He threw 3,492 pitches, more than any other major league pitcher.\n\n[thumb\\|Keuchel with [catcher](/wiki/Catcher \"Catcher\") [Evan Gattis](/wiki/Evan_Gattis \"Evan Gattis\") in 2016\\.](/wiki/File:Evan_Gattis_and_Dallas_Keuchel_on_August_21%2C_2016.jpg \"Evan Gattis and Dallas Keuchel on August 21, 2016.jpg\")\n\nKeuchel started and won the [2015 American League Wild Card Game](/wiki/2015_American_League_Wild_Card_Game \"2015 American League Wild Card Game\") on three days' rest. On October 11, he followed up by beating the [Kansas City Royals](/wiki/Kansas_City_Royals \"Kansas City Royals\"), 4–2, in Game 3 of the AL Divisional Series, to move the Astros within one game of advancing. In Game 5, Keuchel was brought in for a relief appearance on just two days of rest in the 8th inning, but he surrendered a three\\-run home run as the Royals extended their lead to 7–2, which they held on to win the game and the series. Following the season, Keuchel won the [Cy Young Award](/wiki/Cy_Young_Award \"Cy Young Award\"), the [Gold Glove Award](/wiki/Gold_Glove_Award \"Gold Glove Award\"), the [Fielding Bible Award](/wiki/Fielding_Bible_Award \"Fielding Bible Award\"), and the [Warren Spahn Award](/wiki/Warren_Spahn_Award \"Warren Spahn Award\"), given to the best left\\-handed pitcher in MLB. Keuchel became the third Astro to win a Cy Young Award.\n\n#### 2016\n\nIn 2016, Keuchel won another Gold Glove Award, but he went 9–12 with a 4\\.55 ERA and a 1\\.286 WHIP in 26 games pitched and 168 innings. In September, Keuchel missed starts due to inflammation in his left shoulder. He later admitted that he had pitched through shoulder discomfort throughout the 2016 season.\n\n#### 2017\n\n[thumb\\|alt\\=Dallas Keuchel pitching at the Oakland Coliseum, September 10, 2017\\|Dallas Keuchel pitching at the Oakland Coliseum, September 10, 2017](/wiki/File:Dallas_Keuchel_2017.jpg \"Dallas Keuchel 2017.jpg\")\nKeuchel began the [2017 season](/wiki/2017_Houston_Astros_season \"2017 Houston Astros season\") by winning his fourth career AL Pitcher of the Month Award in April, after posting a 5–0 W–L and 1\\.21 ERA over six starts. He allowed six runs over IP. He became the first Astros pitcher to win four; [J. R. Richard](/wiki/J._R._Richard \"J. R. Richard\") was the other Astros pitcher who had won three. He proceeded to start the season with a 7–0 record and a 1\\.84 ERA; however, on May 20, 2017, he was placed on the 10\\-day disabled list due to a pinched nerve in his neck. On June 8, 2017, Keuchel was again placed on the disabled list due to continuing neck woes. He was selected to play in the [All\\-Star Game](/wiki/2017_Major_League_Baseball_All-Star_Game \"2017 Major League Baseball All-Star Game\"), held at [Marlins Park](/wiki/Marlins_Park \"Marlins Park\") in [Miami](/wiki/Miami \"Miami\"). It was his second career selection.\n\nKeuchel finished 2017 making 23 starts with a 14–5 record and a 2\\.90 ERA. The Astros won the [American League West](/wiki/American_League_West \"American League West\") division with a 101–61 record to reach the postseason for the second time in three seasons. In the [2017 American League Division Series](/wiki/2017_American_League_Division_Series \"2017 American League Division Series\"), the Astros faced the [Boston Red Sox](/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox \"Boston Red Sox\"), and Keuchel started Game 2\\. He pitched innings while allowing one run on three hits with seven strikeouts as Houston won 8–2 before winning the series two games later.\n\nKeuchel started Game 1 of the [2017 American League Championship Series](/wiki/2017_American_League_Championship_Series \"2017 American League Championship Series\") against the [New York Yankees](/wiki/New_York_Yankees \"New York Yankees\"), which resulted in seven scoreless innings while allowing just four hits with ten strikeouts in a 2–1 victory. He started Game 5 five days later, but he lasted just innings while allowing four runs on seven hits in a 5–0 loss. However, the Astros won the pennant a couple of days later to advance to their first World Series in twelve years.\n\nIn the [2017 World Series](/wiki/2017_World_Series \"2017 World Series\"), Keuchel was tapped to start Game 1; he allowed three runs on six hits in innings of work that saw him take the loss in a 3–1 result. He pitched once more in Game 5, which saw him last just innings and allow four runs on five hits, but the Astros battled in a classic back\\-and\\-forth game that saw them win 13–12 in ten innings. The Astros won the series days later to give Keuchel a World Series ring; he went 2–2 in the 2017 postseason.\n\nThree years later, it was revealed in the [Houston Astros sign stealing scandal](/wiki/Houston_Astros_sign_stealing_scandal \"Houston Astros sign stealing scandal\") that the Astros had broken MLB rules during the 2017 season. Keuchel subsequently apologized for his role in the scandal.Rogers, Jesse. [\"Dallas Keuchel apologizes for sign stealing, says ex\\-teammates should as well\"](https://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/28556285/dallas-keuchel-apologizes-sign-stealing-says-ex-teammates-well). espn.com. January 24, 2020\\. Retrieved February 15, 2020\\.\n\n#### 2018\n\nIn 2018, Keuchel compiled a 12–11 record with a 3\\.74 ERA in a career\\-high 34 starts. He had the highest [ground ball](/wiki/Ground_ball \"Ground ball\") percentage among major league pitchers (53\\.7%), and the lowest [fly ball](/wiki/Fly_ball_%28baseball%29 \"Fly ball (baseball)\") percentage (24\\.4%). He also won his fourth Gold Glove.[Houston Chronicle: Digital and Home Delivery Subscriptions](https://hearst.blueconic.net/DG/DEFAULT/rest/s/4QM?profileid=22be9cd5-ff2d-4555-9c1e-4bbd4ace9f18) He became a free agent after the 2018 season.\n\n### Atlanta Braves (2019\\)\n\nOn June 7, 2019, Keuchel signed a one\\-year contract with the [Atlanta Braves](/wiki/Atlanta_Braves \"Atlanta Braves\") worth $13 million. He made his first start on June 21\\. Over 19 starts for the year, Keuchel went 8–8 with a 3\\.75 ERA, striking out 91 over innings.\n\n### Chicago White Sox (2020–2022\\)\n\nOn December 30, 2019, the [Chicago White Sox](/wiki/Chicago_White_Sox \"Chicago White Sox\") signed Keuchel to a three\\-year, $55\\.5 million contract. He made his White Sox debut on July 25, 2020, picking up a win over the [Minnesota Twins](/wiki/Minnesota_Twins \"Minnesota Twins\"). In the 2020 season, he was 6–2 with a 1\\.99 ERA. He led the AL in fewest home runs per 9 IP (0\\.284\\), and in fewest strikeouts per nine innings (6\\.0\\).\n\nKeuchel struggled in 2021, compiling a 9–9 record and an ERA of 5\\.28 in 30 starts. He gave up 189 hits and 105 runs in 162 innings and struck out 95 batters, striking out fewer batters per 9 innings (5\\.28\\) than any other pitcher in the major leagues. However, he did receive his fifth Gold Glove Award. During the second half of the season, his ERA was 6\\.82 and he struggled with a back injury.\n\nIn 2022, Keuchel had a 7\\.88 ERA for the White Sox in eight games started. On May 28, the White Sox [designated](/wiki/Designated_for_assignment \"Designated for assignment\") Keuchel for assignment. He was released on May 30\\.\n\n### Arizona Diamondbacks (2022\\)\n\nKeuchel signed a minor league contract with the [Arizona Diamondbacks](/wiki/Arizona_Diamondbacks \"Arizona Diamondbacks\") on June 6, 2022\\. Keuchel started two games for the [Arizona Complex League Diamondbacks](/wiki/Arizona_Complex_League_Diamondbacks \"Arizona Complex League Diamondbacks\") before the Diamondbacks promoted him to the major leagues on June 26\\. On July 20, 2022, the Diamondbacks designated him for assignment, clearing waivers and making him a free agent. In his short span with Arizona, Keuchel compiled a 9\\.68 ERA for the team in four games started.\n\n### Texas Rangers (2022\\)\n\nOn July 25, 2022, Keuchel signed a minor league contract with the [Texas Rangers](/wiki/Texas_Rangers_%28baseball%29 \"Texas Rangers (baseball)\"). He was added to the Rangers' taxi squad on August 26\\. Keuchel made his Rangers debut on August 27, giving up 7 earned runs over 5\\.1 innings pitched in a blowout 11–2 loss to the [Detroit Tigers](/wiki/2022_Detroit_Tigers_season \"2022 Detroit Tigers season\"). He was [designated for assignment](/wiki/Designated_for_assignment \"Designated for assignment\") on September 5 after posting a 12\\.60 ERA across 10 innings. He was released by the Rangers organization the same day.\n\n### Minnesota Twins (2023\\)\n\nOn June 22, 2023, Keuchel signed a minor league contract with the [Minnesota Twins](/wiki/Minnesota_Twins \"Minnesota Twins\") organization. The Twins assigned him to the [St. Paul Saints](/wiki/St._Paul_Saints \"St. Paul Saints\") of the Triple–A [International League](/wiki/International_League \"International League\"). On July 21, Keuchel bypassed an opt–out clause in his deal to remain with the Twins. In 6 starts for St. Paul, he registered a 1\\.13 ERA with 28 strikeouts across 32\\.0 innings of work. On August 1, Keuchel exercised a second opt–out in his deal, and was selected to the major league roster two days later following an injury to [Joe Ryan](/wiki/Joe_Ryan_%28baseball%29 \"Joe Ryan (baseball)\"). On August 6, Keuchel made his debut with Minnesota, going five innings allowing eight hits, two walks, and one earned run. On August 20, he threw 6 1/3 perfect innings in a start against the [Pittsburgh Pirates](/wiki/Pittsburgh_Pirates \"Pittsburgh Pirates\"). He became a free agent following the season.\n\n### Seattle Mariners (2024\\)\n\nOn April 2, 2024, Keuchel signed a minor league contract with the [Seattle Mariners](/wiki/Seattle_Mariners \"Seattle Mariners\"). Keuchel was released by the Mariners on May 20, but subsequently re–signed with the organization on a new minor league contract three days later.\n\n### Milwaukee Brewers (2024\\)\n\nOn June 25, 2024, the Mariners traded Keuchel to the [Milwaukee Brewers](/wiki/Milwaukee_Brewers \"Milwaukee Brewers\") in exchange for cash considerations. The next day, the Brewers purchased his contract and added him to their major league roster. In four starts with Milwaukee, he registered a 5\\.40 ERA, allowing ten runs in innings. Keuchel was designated for assignment on July 14\\. On July 17, he cleared waivers and elected free agency in lieu of an outright assignment.\n\n### Chiba Lotte Marines (2024–)\n\nOn July 30, 2024, Keuchel signed a contract with the [Chiba Lotte Marines](/wiki/Chiba_Lotte_Marines \"Chiba Lotte Marines\").\n\n",
"### Draft and minor leagues\n\nAfter his junior year at Arkansas, the [Houston Astros](/wiki/Houston_Astros \"Houston Astros\") selected Keuchel in the seventh round of the [2009 Major League Baseball (MLB) draft](/wiki/2009_Major_League_Baseball_draft \"2009 Major League Baseball draft\"). He signed with the Astros and began his professional career with the [Tri\\-City ValleyCats](/wiki/Tri-City_ValleyCats \"Tri-City ValleyCats\") of the [Low–A](/wiki/Minor_League_Baseball \"Minor League Baseball\") [New York–Penn League](/wiki/New_York%E2%80%93Penn_League \"New York–Penn League\"), where he had a 2\\.70 ERA. He began the 2010 season with the [Lancaster JetHawks](/wiki/Lancaster_JetHawks \"Lancaster JetHawks\") of the [High–A](/wiki/Minor_League_Baseball \"Minor League Baseball\") [California League](/wiki/California_League \"California League\"). After posting a 3\\.36 ERA, the Astros promoted him to the [Corpus Christi Hooks](/wiki/Corpus_Christi_Hooks \"Corpus Christi Hooks\") of the [Double–A](/wiki/Double-A_%28baseball%29 \"Double-A (baseball)\") [Texas League](/wiki/Texas_League \"Texas League\") in July, where he had a 4\\.70 ERA for the remainder of the season. He began the 2011 season with Corpus Christi, and after pitching to a 3\\.17 ERA, received a promotion to the [Oklahoma City RedHawks](/wiki/Oklahoma_City_Dodgers \"Oklahoma City Dodgers\") of the [Triple–A](/wiki/Triple-A_%28baseball%29 \"Triple-A (baseball)\") [Pacific Coast League](/wiki/Pacific_Coast_League \"Pacific Coast League\"), where he struggled with a 7\\.50 ERA.\n\nKeuchel began the 2012 season with Oklahoma City.\n\n",
"### Houston Astros (2012–2018\\)\n\n#### 2012–14\n\n[upright\\|thumb\\|Keuchel with the [Houston Astros in 2013](/wiki/2013_Houston_Astros_season \"2013 Houston Astros season\")](/wiki/File:20130731-0717_Dallas_Keuchel.jpg \"20130731-0717 Dallas Keuchel.jpg\")\nKeuchel made his MLB debut on June 17, [2012](/wiki/2012_Houston_Astros_season \"2012 Houston Astros season\") against the [Texas Rangers](/wiki/2012_Texas_Rangers_season \"2012 Texas Rangers season\"). He threw a [complete game](/wiki/Complete_game \"Complete game\") in his second start. Keuchel finished the 2012 season with a 5\\.27 ERA in 16 games started, while allowing more [walks](/wiki/Base_on_balls \"Base on balls\") (39\\) than [strikeouts](/wiki/Strikeout \"Strikeout\") (38\\). He pitched to a 5\\.15 ERA in the 2013 season.\n\nIn 2014, Keuchel had a 9–5 win–loss record and a 3\\.20 ERA at the [All\\-Star break](/wiki/All-Star_break_%28MLB%29 \"All-Star break (MLB)\"), and was a finalist for the final [American League](/wiki/American_League \"American League\") (AL) roster spot in the [2014 MLB All\\-Star Game](/wiki/2014_Major_League_Baseball_All-Star_Game \"2014 Major League Baseball All-Star Game\"). He finished the season with a 12–9 record and a 2\\.93 ERA. For his defense, Keuchel won both the [Gold Glove Award](/wiki/Rawlings_Gold_Glove_Award \"Rawlings Gold Glove Award\") and [Fielding Bible Award](/wiki/Fielding_Bible_Award \"Fielding Bible Award\").\n\n#### 2015: Cy Young Award\n\n[thumb\\|Keuchel pitching in 2015](/wiki/File:Dallas_Keuchel_on_August_25%2C_2015.jpg \"Dallas Keuchel on August 25, 2015.jpg\")\nIn April [2015](/wiki/2015_Houston_Astros_season \"2015 Houston Astros season\"), Keuchel pitched to a 3–0 record and a 0\\.73 ERA in five games started. He was named the AL's [Pitcher of the Month](/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_Pitcher_of_the_Month_Award \"Major League Baseball Pitcher of the Month Award\") for April 2015\\. He was honored as the AL Pitcher of the Month for May 2015, in which he pitched to a 4–1 record and a 2\\.62 ERA in six starts. Keuchel was selected for the AL roster in the [2015 MLB All\\-Star Game](/wiki/2015_Major_League_Baseball_All-Star_Game \"2015 Major League Baseball All-Star Game\"), and was chosen as the AL's starting pitcher. He won his third AL Pitcher of the Month Award for August, after pitching to a 4–1 record and a 1\\.94 ERA in six starts. Keuchel finished the 2015 season with a 15–0 record at [Minute Maid Park](/wiki/Minute_Maid_Park \"Minute Maid Park\"), becoming the first pitcher in MLB history to finish with an undefeated record at home with at least 14 wins.\n\nHis overall record for the year was 20–8, and he had a 2\\.48 ERA and 216 strikeouts.[\"Dallas Keuchel Statistics and History\"](https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/k/keuchda01.shtml). baseball\\-reference.com. Retrieved November 18, 2015\\. Among major league pitchers, he gave up the lowest percentage of hard\\-hit balls (21\\.3%). He threw 3,492 pitches, more than any other major league pitcher.\n\n[thumb\\|Keuchel with [catcher](/wiki/Catcher \"Catcher\") [Evan Gattis](/wiki/Evan_Gattis \"Evan Gattis\") in 2016\\.](/wiki/File:Evan_Gattis_and_Dallas_Keuchel_on_August_21%2C_2016.jpg \"Evan Gattis and Dallas Keuchel on August 21, 2016.jpg\")\n\nKeuchel started and won the [2015 American League Wild Card Game](/wiki/2015_American_League_Wild_Card_Game \"2015 American League Wild Card Game\") on three days' rest. On October 11, he followed up by beating the [Kansas City Royals](/wiki/Kansas_City_Royals \"Kansas City Royals\"), 4–2, in Game 3 of the AL Divisional Series, to move the Astros within one game of advancing. In Game 5, Keuchel was brought in for a relief appearance on just two days of rest in the 8th inning, but he surrendered a three\\-run home run as the Royals extended their lead to 7–2, which they held on to win the game and the series. Following the season, Keuchel won the [Cy Young Award](/wiki/Cy_Young_Award \"Cy Young Award\"), the [Gold Glove Award](/wiki/Gold_Glove_Award \"Gold Glove Award\"), the [Fielding Bible Award](/wiki/Fielding_Bible_Award \"Fielding Bible Award\"), and the [Warren Spahn Award](/wiki/Warren_Spahn_Award \"Warren Spahn Award\"), given to the best left\\-handed pitcher in MLB. Keuchel became the third Astro to win a Cy Young Award.\n\n#### 2016\n\nIn 2016, Keuchel won another Gold Glove Award, but he went 9–12 with a 4\\.55 ERA and a 1\\.286 WHIP in 26 games pitched and 168 innings. In September, Keuchel missed starts due to inflammation in his left shoulder. He later admitted that he had pitched through shoulder discomfort throughout the 2016 season.\n\n#### 2017\n\n[thumb\\|alt\\=Dallas Keuchel pitching at the Oakland Coliseum, September 10, 2017\\|Dallas Keuchel pitching at the Oakland Coliseum, September 10, 2017](/wiki/File:Dallas_Keuchel_2017.jpg \"Dallas Keuchel 2017.jpg\")\nKeuchel began the [2017 season](/wiki/2017_Houston_Astros_season \"2017 Houston Astros season\") by winning his fourth career AL Pitcher of the Month Award in April, after posting a 5–0 W–L and 1\\.21 ERA over six starts. He allowed six runs over IP. He became the first Astros pitcher to win four; [J. R. Richard](/wiki/J._R._Richard \"J. R. Richard\") was the other Astros pitcher who had won three. He proceeded to start the season with a 7–0 record and a 1\\.84 ERA; however, on May 20, 2017, he was placed on the 10\\-day disabled list due to a pinched nerve in his neck. On June 8, 2017, Keuchel was again placed on the disabled list due to continuing neck woes. He was selected to play in the [All\\-Star Game](/wiki/2017_Major_League_Baseball_All-Star_Game \"2017 Major League Baseball All-Star Game\"), held at [Marlins Park](/wiki/Marlins_Park \"Marlins Park\") in [Miami](/wiki/Miami \"Miami\"). It was his second career selection.\n\nKeuchel finished 2017 making 23 starts with a 14–5 record and a 2\\.90 ERA. The Astros won the [American League West](/wiki/American_League_West \"American League West\") division with a 101–61 record to reach the postseason for the second time in three seasons. In the [2017 American League Division Series](/wiki/2017_American_League_Division_Series \"2017 American League Division Series\"), the Astros faced the [Boston Red Sox](/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox \"Boston Red Sox\"), and Keuchel started Game 2\\. He pitched innings while allowing one run on three hits with seven strikeouts as Houston won 8–2 before winning the series two games later.\n\nKeuchel started Game 1 of the [2017 American League Championship Series](/wiki/2017_American_League_Championship_Series \"2017 American League Championship Series\") against the [New York Yankees](/wiki/New_York_Yankees \"New York Yankees\"), which resulted in seven scoreless innings while allowing just four hits with ten strikeouts in a 2–1 victory. He started Game 5 five days later, but he lasted just innings while allowing four runs on seven hits in a 5–0 loss. However, the Astros won the pennant a couple of days later to advance to their first World Series in twelve years.\n\nIn the [2017 World Series](/wiki/2017_World_Series \"2017 World Series\"), Keuchel was tapped to start Game 1; he allowed three runs on six hits in innings of work that saw him take the loss in a 3–1 result. He pitched once more in Game 5, which saw him last just innings and allow four runs on five hits, but the Astros battled in a classic back\\-and\\-forth game that saw them win 13–12 in ten innings. The Astros won the series days later to give Keuchel a World Series ring; he went 2–2 in the 2017 postseason.\n\nThree years later, it was revealed in the [Houston Astros sign stealing scandal](/wiki/Houston_Astros_sign_stealing_scandal \"Houston Astros sign stealing scandal\") that the Astros had broken MLB rules during the 2017 season. Keuchel subsequently apologized for his role in the scandal.Rogers, Jesse. [\"Dallas Keuchel apologizes for sign stealing, says ex\\-teammates should as well\"](https://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/28556285/dallas-keuchel-apologizes-sign-stealing-says-ex-teammates-well). espn.com. January 24, 2020\\. Retrieved February 15, 2020\\.\n\n#### 2018\n\nIn 2018, Keuchel compiled a 12–11 record with a 3\\.74 ERA in a career\\-high 34 starts. He had the highest [ground ball](/wiki/Ground_ball \"Ground ball\") percentage among major league pitchers (53\\.7%), and the lowest [fly ball](/wiki/Fly_ball_%28baseball%29 \"Fly ball (baseball)\") percentage (24\\.4%). He also won his fourth Gold Glove.[Houston Chronicle: Digital and Home Delivery Subscriptions](https://hearst.blueconic.net/DG/DEFAULT/rest/s/4QM?profileid=22be9cd5-ff2d-4555-9c1e-4bbd4ace9f18) He became a free agent after the 2018 season.\n\n",
"#### 2012–14\n\n[upright\\|thumb\\|Keuchel with the [Houston Astros in 2013](/wiki/2013_Houston_Astros_season \"2013 Houston Astros season\")](/wiki/File:20130731-0717_Dallas_Keuchel.jpg \"20130731-0717 Dallas Keuchel.jpg\")\nKeuchel made his MLB debut on June 17, [2012](/wiki/2012_Houston_Astros_season \"2012 Houston Astros season\") against the [Texas Rangers](/wiki/2012_Texas_Rangers_season \"2012 Texas Rangers season\"). He threw a [complete game](/wiki/Complete_game \"Complete game\") in his second start. Keuchel finished the 2012 season with a 5\\.27 ERA in 16 games started, while allowing more [walks](/wiki/Base_on_balls \"Base on balls\") (39\\) than [strikeouts](/wiki/Strikeout \"Strikeout\") (38\\). He pitched to a 5\\.15 ERA in the 2013 season.\n\nIn 2014, Keuchel had a 9–5 win–loss record and a 3\\.20 ERA at the [All\\-Star break](/wiki/All-Star_break_%28MLB%29 \"All-Star break (MLB)\"), and was a finalist for the final [American League](/wiki/American_League \"American League\") (AL) roster spot in the [2014 MLB All\\-Star Game](/wiki/2014_Major_League_Baseball_All-Star_Game \"2014 Major League Baseball All-Star Game\"). He finished the season with a 12–9 record and a 2\\.93 ERA. For his defense, Keuchel won both the [Gold Glove Award](/wiki/Rawlings_Gold_Glove_Award \"Rawlings Gold Glove Award\") and [Fielding Bible Award](/wiki/Fielding_Bible_Award \"Fielding Bible Award\").\n\n",
"#### 2015: Cy Young Award\n\n[thumb\\|Keuchel pitching in 2015](/wiki/File:Dallas_Keuchel_on_August_25%2C_2015.jpg \"Dallas Keuchel on August 25, 2015.jpg\")\nIn April [2015](/wiki/2015_Houston_Astros_season \"2015 Houston Astros season\"), Keuchel pitched to a 3–0 record and a 0\\.73 ERA in five games started. He was named the AL's [Pitcher of the Month](/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_Pitcher_of_the_Month_Award \"Major League Baseball Pitcher of the Month Award\") for April 2015\\. He was honored as the AL Pitcher of the Month for May 2015, in which he pitched to a 4–1 record and a 2\\.62 ERA in six starts. Keuchel was selected for the AL roster in the [2015 MLB All\\-Star Game](/wiki/2015_Major_League_Baseball_All-Star_Game \"2015 Major League Baseball All-Star Game\"), and was chosen as the AL's starting pitcher. He won his third AL Pitcher of the Month Award for August, after pitching to a 4–1 record and a 1\\.94 ERA in six starts. Keuchel finished the 2015 season with a 15–0 record at [Minute Maid Park](/wiki/Minute_Maid_Park \"Minute Maid Park\"), becoming the first pitcher in MLB history to finish with an undefeated record at home with at least 14 wins.\n\nHis overall record for the year was 20–8, and he had a 2\\.48 ERA and 216 strikeouts.[\"Dallas Keuchel Statistics and History\"](https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/k/keuchda01.shtml). baseball\\-reference.com. Retrieved November 18, 2015\\. Among major league pitchers, he gave up the lowest percentage of hard\\-hit balls (21\\.3%). He threw 3,492 pitches, more than any other major league pitcher.\n\n[thumb\\|Keuchel with [catcher](/wiki/Catcher \"Catcher\") [Evan Gattis](/wiki/Evan_Gattis \"Evan Gattis\") in 2016\\.](/wiki/File:Evan_Gattis_and_Dallas_Keuchel_on_August_21%2C_2016.jpg \"Evan Gattis and Dallas Keuchel on August 21, 2016.jpg\")\n\nKeuchel started and won the [2015 American League Wild Card Game](/wiki/2015_American_League_Wild_Card_Game \"2015 American League Wild Card Game\") on three days' rest. On October 11, he followed up by beating the [Kansas City Royals](/wiki/Kansas_City_Royals \"Kansas City Royals\"), 4–2, in Game 3 of the AL Divisional Series, to move the Astros within one game of advancing. In Game 5, Keuchel was brought in for a relief appearance on just two days of rest in the 8th inning, but he surrendered a three\\-run home run as the Royals extended their lead to 7–2, which they held on to win the game and the series. Following the season, Keuchel won the [Cy Young Award](/wiki/Cy_Young_Award \"Cy Young Award\"), the [Gold Glove Award](/wiki/Gold_Glove_Award \"Gold Glove Award\"), the [Fielding Bible Award](/wiki/Fielding_Bible_Award \"Fielding Bible Award\"), and the [Warren Spahn Award](/wiki/Warren_Spahn_Award \"Warren Spahn Award\"), given to the best left\\-handed pitcher in MLB. Keuchel became the third Astro to win a Cy Young Award.\n\n",
"#### 2016\n\nIn 2016, Keuchel won another Gold Glove Award, but he went 9–12 with a 4\\.55 ERA and a 1\\.286 WHIP in 26 games pitched and 168 innings. In September, Keuchel missed starts due to inflammation in his left shoulder. He later admitted that he had pitched through shoulder discomfort throughout the 2016 season.\n\n",
"#### 2017\n\n[thumb\\|alt\\=Dallas Keuchel pitching at the Oakland Coliseum, September 10, 2017\\|Dallas Keuchel pitching at the Oakland Coliseum, September 10, 2017](/wiki/File:Dallas_Keuchel_2017.jpg \"Dallas Keuchel 2017.jpg\")\nKeuchel began the [2017 season](/wiki/2017_Houston_Astros_season \"2017 Houston Astros season\") by winning his fourth career AL Pitcher of the Month Award in April, after posting a 5–0 W–L and 1\\.21 ERA over six starts. He allowed six runs over IP. He became the first Astros pitcher to win four; [J. R. Richard](/wiki/J._R._Richard \"J. R. Richard\") was the other Astros pitcher who had won three. He proceeded to start the season with a 7–0 record and a 1\\.84 ERA; however, on May 20, 2017, he was placed on the 10\\-day disabled list due to a pinched nerve in his neck. On June 8, 2017, Keuchel was again placed on the disabled list due to continuing neck woes. He was selected to play in the [All\\-Star Game](/wiki/2017_Major_League_Baseball_All-Star_Game \"2017 Major League Baseball All-Star Game\"), held at [Marlins Park](/wiki/Marlins_Park \"Marlins Park\") in [Miami](/wiki/Miami \"Miami\"). It was his second career selection.\n\nKeuchel finished 2017 making 23 starts with a 14–5 record and a 2\\.90 ERA. The Astros won the [American League West](/wiki/American_League_West \"American League West\") division with a 101–61 record to reach the postseason for the second time in three seasons. In the [2017 American League Division Series](/wiki/2017_American_League_Division_Series \"2017 American League Division Series\"), the Astros faced the [Boston Red Sox](/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox \"Boston Red Sox\"), and Keuchel started Game 2\\. He pitched innings while allowing one run on three hits with seven strikeouts as Houston won 8–2 before winning the series two games later.\n\nKeuchel started Game 1 of the [2017 American League Championship Series](/wiki/2017_American_League_Championship_Series \"2017 American League Championship Series\") against the [New York Yankees](/wiki/New_York_Yankees \"New York Yankees\"), which resulted in seven scoreless innings while allowing just four hits with ten strikeouts in a 2–1 victory. He started Game 5 five days later, but he lasted just innings while allowing four runs on seven hits in a 5–0 loss. However, the Astros won the pennant a couple of days later to advance to their first World Series in twelve years.\n\nIn the [2017 World Series](/wiki/2017_World_Series \"2017 World Series\"), Keuchel was tapped to start Game 1; he allowed three runs on six hits in innings of work that saw him take the loss in a 3–1 result. He pitched once more in Game 5, which saw him last just innings and allow four runs on five hits, but the Astros battled in a classic back\\-and\\-forth game that saw them win 13–12 in ten innings. The Astros won the series days later to give Keuchel a World Series ring; he went 2–2 in the 2017 postseason.\n\nThree years later, it was revealed in the [Houston Astros sign stealing scandal](/wiki/Houston_Astros_sign_stealing_scandal \"Houston Astros sign stealing scandal\") that the Astros had broken MLB rules during the 2017 season. Keuchel subsequently apologized for his role in the scandal.Rogers, Jesse. [\"Dallas Keuchel apologizes for sign stealing, says ex\\-teammates should as well\"](https://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/28556285/dallas-keuchel-apologizes-sign-stealing-says-ex-teammates-well). espn.com. January 24, 2020\\. Retrieved February 15, 2020\\.\n\n",
"#### 2018\n\nIn 2018, Keuchel compiled a 12–11 record with a 3\\.74 ERA in a career\\-high 34 starts. He had the highest [ground ball](/wiki/Ground_ball \"Ground ball\") percentage among major league pitchers (53\\.7%), and the lowest [fly ball](/wiki/Fly_ball_%28baseball%29 \"Fly ball (baseball)\") percentage (24\\.4%). He also won his fourth Gold Glove.[Houston Chronicle: Digital and Home Delivery Subscriptions](https://hearst.blueconic.net/DG/DEFAULT/rest/s/4QM?profileid=22be9cd5-ff2d-4555-9c1e-4bbd4ace9f18) He became a free agent after the 2018 season.\n\n",
"### Atlanta Braves (2019\\)\n\nOn June 7, 2019, Keuchel signed a one\\-year contract with the [Atlanta Braves](/wiki/Atlanta_Braves \"Atlanta Braves\") worth $13 million. He made his first start on June 21\\. Over 19 starts for the year, Keuchel went 8–8 with a 3\\.75 ERA, striking out 91 over innings.\n\n",
"### Chicago White Sox (2020–2022\\)\n\nOn December 30, 2019, the [Chicago White Sox](/wiki/Chicago_White_Sox \"Chicago White Sox\") signed Keuchel to a three\\-year, $55\\.5 million contract. He made his White Sox debut on July 25, 2020, picking up a win over the [Minnesota Twins](/wiki/Minnesota_Twins \"Minnesota Twins\"). In the 2020 season, he was 6–2 with a 1\\.99 ERA. He led the AL in fewest home runs per 9 IP (0\\.284\\), and in fewest strikeouts per nine innings (6\\.0\\).\n\nKeuchel struggled in 2021, compiling a 9–9 record and an ERA of 5\\.28 in 30 starts. He gave up 189 hits and 105 runs in 162 innings and struck out 95 batters, striking out fewer batters per 9 innings (5\\.28\\) than any other pitcher in the major leagues. However, he did receive his fifth Gold Glove Award. During the second half of the season, his ERA was 6\\.82 and he struggled with a back injury.\n\nIn 2022, Keuchel had a 7\\.88 ERA for the White Sox in eight games started. On May 28, the White Sox [designated](/wiki/Designated_for_assignment \"Designated for assignment\") Keuchel for assignment. He was released on May 30\\.\n\n",
"### Arizona Diamondbacks (2022\\)\n\nKeuchel signed a minor league contract with the [Arizona Diamondbacks](/wiki/Arizona_Diamondbacks \"Arizona Diamondbacks\") on June 6, 2022\\. Keuchel started two games for the [Arizona Complex League Diamondbacks](/wiki/Arizona_Complex_League_Diamondbacks \"Arizona Complex League Diamondbacks\") before the Diamondbacks promoted him to the major leagues on June 26\\. On July 20, 2022, the Diamondbacks designated him for assignment, clearing waivers and making him a free agent. In his short span with Arizona, Keuchel compiled a 9\\.68 ERA for the team in four games started.\n\n",
"### Texas Rangers (2022\\)\n\nOn July 25, 2022, Keuchel signed a minor league contract with the [Texas Rangers](/wiki/Texas_Rangers_%28baseball%29 \"Texas Rangers (baseball)\"). He was added to the Rangers' taxi squad on August 26\\. Keuchel made his Rangers debut on August 27, giving up 7 earned runs over 5\\.1 innings pitched in a blowout 11–2 loss to the [Detroit Tigers](/wiki/2022_Detroit_Tigers_season \"2022 Detroit Tigers season\"). He was [designated for assignment](/wiki/Designated_for_assignment \"Designated for assignment\") on September 5 after posting a 12\\.60 ERA across 10 innings. He was released by the Rangers organization the same day.\n\n",
"### Minnesota Twins (2023\\)\n\nOn June 22, 2023, Keuchel signed a minor league contract with the [Minnesota Twins](/wiki/Minnesota_Twins \"Minnesota Twins\") organization. The Twins assigned him to the [St. Paul Saints](/wiki/St._Paul_Saints \"St. Paul Saints\") of the Triple–A [International League](/wiki/International_League \"International League\"). On July 21, Keuchel bypassed an opt–out clause in his deal to remain with the Twins. In 6 starts for St. Paul, he registered a 1\\.13 ERA with 28 strikeouts across 32\\.0 innings of work. On August 1, Keuchel exercised a second opt–out in his deal, and was selected to the major league roster two days later following an injury to [Joe Ryan](/wiki/Joe_Ryan_%28baseball%29 \"Joe Ryan (baseball)\"). On August 6, Keuchel made his debut with Minnesota, going five innings allowing eight hits, two walks, and one earned run. On August 20, he threw 6 1/3 perfect innings in a start against the [Pittsburgh Pirates](/wiki/Pittsburgh_Pirates \"Pittsburgh Pirates\"). He became a free agent following the season.\n\n",
"### Seattle Mariners (2024\\)\n\nOn April 2, 2024, Keuchel signed a minor league contract with the [Seattle Mariners](/wiki/Seattle_Mariners \"Seattle Mariners\"). Keuchel was released by the Mariners on May 20, but subsequently re–signed with the organization on a new minor league contract three days later.\n\n",
"### Milwaukee Brewers (2024\\)\n\nOn June 25, 2024, the Mariners traded Keuchel to the [Milwaukee Brewers](/wiki/Milwaukee_Brewers \"Milwaukee Brewers\") in exchange for cash considerations. The next day, the Brewers purchased his contract and added him to their major league roster. In four starts with Milwaukee, he registered a 5\\.40 ERA, allowing ten runs in innings. Keuchel was designated for assignment on July 14\\. On July 17, he cleared waivers and elected free agency in lieu of an outright assignment.\n\n",
"### Chiba Lotte Marines (2024–)\n\nOn July 30, 2024, Keuchel signed a contract with the [Chiba Lotte Marines](/wiki/Chiba_Lotte_Marines \"Chiba Lotte Marines\").\n\n",
"Pitching style\n--------------\n\nKeuchel throws five pitches: a [four\\-seam fastball](/wiki/Four-seam_fastball \"Four-seam fastball\") averaging , a [sinker](/wiki/Sinker_%28baseball%29 \"Sinker (baseball)\") averaging , a [cut fastball](/wiki/Cutter_%28baseball%29 \"Cutter (baseball)\") averaging , a [slider](/wiki/Slider_%28baseball%29 \"Slider (baseball)\") averaging , and a [changeup](/wiki/Changeup \"Changeup\") averaging . He had learned a [slurve](/wiki/Slurve \"Slurve\") while in high school, which he did not use in college, as he relied on his sinker and changeup. Needing a [breaking ball](/wiki/Breaking_ball \"Breaking ball\") when he became a professional, he learned to throw a [curveball](/wiki/Curveball \"Curveball\"). He did not succeed with the curveball in the major leagues, and he developed a slider, which helped his results. Keuchel's sinker and slider both induce more [ground balls](/wiki/Batted_ball \"Batted ball\") than average across the league.\n\n",
"Personal life\n-------------\n\nKeuchel is the son of Dennis and Teresa Keuchel. He has an older sister, Krista. On March 9, 2021, Keuchel got engaged to MLB/NHL Network host, Kelly Nash. Keuchel and Nash were married on January 22, 2022\\.\n\nAfter signing with the White Sox, Keuchel purchased a $2 million home in the [Lake View](/wiki/Lake_View%2C_Chicago \"Lake View, Chicago\") neighborhood of [Chicago](/wiki/Chicago \"Chicago\"). Keuchel is [Catholic](/wiki/Catholic_Church \"Catholic Church\").\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Houston Astros award winners and league leaders](/wiki/Houston_Astros_award_winners_and_league_leaders \"Houston Astros award winners and league leaders\")\n* [List of Chicago White Sox award winners and league leaders](/wiki/List_of_Chicago_White_Sox_award_winners_and_league_leaders \"List of Chicago White Sox award winners and league leaders\")\n* [List of Major League Baseball annual shutout leaders](/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_annual_shutout_leaders \"List of Major League Baseball annual shutout leaders\")\n* [List of people from Tulsa, Oklahoma](/wiki/List_of_people_from_Tulsa%2C_Oklahoma \"List of people from Tulsa, Oklahoma\")\n* [List of University of Arkansas people](/wiki/List_of_University_of_Arkansas_people \"List of University of Arkansas people\")\n* [List of World Series starting pitchers](/wiki/List_of_World_Series_starting_pitchers \"List of World Series starting pitchers\")\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1988 births](/wiki/Category:1988_births \"1988 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:American League All\\-Stars](/wiki/Category:American_League_All-Stars \"American League All-Stars\")\n[Category:American League wins champions](/wiki/Category:American_League_wins_champions \"American League wins champions\")\n[Category:Arizona Complex League Diamondbacks players](/wiki/Category:Arizona_Complex_League_Diamondbacks_players \"Arizona Complex League Diamondbacks players\")\n[Category:Arizona Diamondbacks players](/wiki/Category:Arizona_Diamondbacks_players \"Arizona Diamondbacks players\")\n[Category:Arkansas Razorbacks baseball players](/wiki/Category:Arkansas_Razorbacks_baseball_players \"Arkansas Razorbacks baseball players\")\n[Category:Atlanta Braves players](/wiki/Category:Atlanta_Braves_players \"Atlanta Braves players\")\n[Category:Baseball players from Tulsa, Oklahoma](/wiki/Category:Baseball_players_from_Tulsa%2C_Oklahoma \"Baseball players from Tulsa, Oklahoma\")\n[Category:Chiba Lotte Marines players](/wiki/Category:Chiba_Lotte_Marines_players \"Chiba Lotte Marines players\")\n[Category:Chicago White Sox players](/wiki/Category:Chicago_White_Sox_players \"Chicago White Sox players\")\n[Category:Corpus Christi Hooks players](/wiki/Category:Corpus_Christi_Hooks_players \"Corpus Christi Hooks players\")\n[Category:Cy Young Award winners](/wiki/Category:Cy_Young_Award_winners \"Cy Young Award winners\")\n[Category:Gold Glove Award winners](/wiki/Category:Gold_Glove_Award_winners \"Gold Glove Award winners\")\n[Category:Houston Astros players](/wiki/Category:Houston_Astros_players \"Houston Astros players\")\n[Category:Lancaster JetHawks players](/wiki/Category:Lancaster_JetHawks_players \"Lancaster JetHawks players\")\n[Category:Major League Baseball pitchers](/wiki/Category:Major_League_Baseball_pitchers \"Major League Baseball pitchers\")\n[Category:Milwaukee Brewers players](/wiki/Category:Milwaukee_Brewers_players \"Milwaukee Brewers players\")\n[Category:Minnesota Twins players](/wiki/Category:Minnesota_Twins_players \"Minnesota Twins players\")\n[Category:Mississippi Braves players](/wiki/Category:Mississippi_Braves_players \"Mississippi Braves players\")\n[Category:Nippon Professional Baseball pitchers](/wiki/Category:Nippon_Professional_Baseball_pitchers \"Nippon Professional Baseball pitchers\")\n[Category:Oklahoma City RedHawks players](/wiki/Category:Oklahoma_City_RedHawks_players \"Oklahoma City RedHawks players\")\n[Category:Rome Braves players](/wiki/Category:Rome_Braves_players \"Rome Braves players\")\n[Category:Salt River Rafters players](/wiki/Category:Salt_River_Rafters_players \"Salt River Rafters players\")\n[Category:Tacoma Rainiers players](/wiki/Category:Tacoma_Rainiers_players \"Tacoma Rainiers players\")\n[Category:Texas Rangers players](/wiki/Category:Texas_Rangers_players \"Texas Rangers players\")\n[Category:Tri\\-City ValleyCats players](/wiki/Category:Tri-City_ValleyCats_players \"Tri-City ValleyCats players\")\n[Category:Wareham Gatemen players](/wiki/Category:Wareham_Gatemen_players \"Wareham Gatemen players\")\n\n"
]
} |
AP (rapper) | {
"id": [
42098967
],
"name": [
"RanaPirata"
]
} | 52a6m61wh1ya333vqhq5lul6yx24ew7 | 2024-09-07T10:13:17Z | 1,242,222,896 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Discography",
"Albums",
"Singles",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
3,
3,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Yohann Duport** (), better known by his [stage name](/wiki/Stage_name \"Stage name\") **AP** (born April 9, 1978 in [Créteil](/wiki/Cr%C3%A9teil \"Créteil\"), [Île\\-de\\-France](/wiki/%C3%8Ele-de-France \"Île-de-France\")), is a French rapper whose parents originated from [Guadeloupe](/wiki/Guadeloupe \"Guadeloupe\"), [French Antilles](/wiki/French_West_Indies \"French West Indies\").[MiziKreyol: Artiste de la semaine: Biographie du AP de 113](http://www.mizikreyol.com/rubrique/artiste_semaine/artiste_semaine_index.php?id_interviews=00000214) \n\nIn 1994, AP started rapping at the age of 15 in the Paris suburbs, mainly Vitry\\-sur\\-Seine. He became a founding member of the rap trio [113](/wiki/113_%28band%29 \"113 (band)\") alongside [Rim'K](/wiki/Rim%27K \"Rim'K\") and [Mokobé](/wiki/Mokob%C3%A9 \"Mokobé\") and part of a bigger music project collective called [Mafia K\\-1 Fry](/wiki/Mafia_K-1_Fry \"Mafia K-1 Fry\"). He has also his own solo career including albums *Discret* released in 2009 where he is credited as **AP du 113** with the album reaching \\#22 in [SNEP](/wiki/SNEP \"SNEP\") French Albums Chart. He has co\\-directed and co\\-produced the compilation *Zone Caraïbes* in 2005\\.\n\n",
"",
"",
"### Singles\n\nFeatured in\n* 2009: \"Relève la tête\" (credited to [Kery James](/wiki/Kery_James \"Kery James\") presenting Lino, AP, [Diam's](/wiki/Diam%27s \"Diam's\"), Passi, Matt \\& Kool Shen) (reached \\#39 in SNEP French Singles Chart)[LesCharts.com: Kery James pres. Lino, AP, Diam's, Passi, Matt \\& Kool Shen \\- \"Relève la tête\" page](http://lescharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Kery+James+pres%2E+Lino%2C+AP%2C+Diam%27s%2C+Passi%2C+Matt+%26+Kool+Shen&titel=Rel%E8ve+la+t%EAte&cat=s)\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:French male rappers](/wiki/Category:French_male_rappers \"French male rappers\")\n[Category:French people of Guadeloupean descent](/wiki/Category:French_people_of_Guadeloupean_descent \"French people of Guadeloupean descent\")\n[Category:1979 births](/wiki/Category:1979_births \"1979 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Rappers from Val\\-de\\-Marne](/wiki/Category:Rappers_from_Val-de-Marne \"Rappers from Val-de-Marne\")\n\n"
]
} |
Erik Simpson | {
"id": [
27015025
],
"name": [
"InternetArchiveBot"
]
} | et3c56gxtnbr0inmkvcvn2joj2fjbtt | 2024-03-13T21:17:03Z | 1,128,798,210 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Education",
"Elections",
"2008",
"2010",
"Idaho House of Representatives",
"2011–2012",
"2009–2010",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
3,
2,
3,
3,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Erik Simpson** was a [Republican](/wiki/Republican_Party_%28United_States%29 \"Republican Party (United States)\") [Idaho State Representative](/wiki/Idaho_House_of_Representatives \"Idaho House of Representatives\") representing District 32 in the B seat from 2008 to 2012\\.\n\n",
"Education\n---------\n\nSimpson earned his bachelor's degree from the [University of Idaho](/wiki/University_of_Idaho \"University of Idaho\").\n\n",
"Elections\n---------\n\n### 2008\n\nRepublican Representative [Dean Mortimer](/wiki/Dean_Mortimer \"Dean Mortimer\") left the 32B seat open to pursue the district's open senate seat.\n\nSimpson won the May 27, 2008, Republican primary with 1,891 votes (59\\.2%) against Ann Rydalch.\n\nSimpson was unopposed in the November 4, 2008, general election and won with 17,384 votes.\n\n### 2010\n\nSimpson was unopposed in the Republican primary and won with 4,511 votes.\n\nSimpson was unopposed in the November 2, 2010, general election, which he won with 12,748 votes.\n\n",
"### 2008\n\nRepublican Representative [Dean Mortimer](/wiki/Dean_Mortimer \"Dean Mortimer\") left the 32B seat open to pursue the district's open senate seat.\n\nSimpson won the May 27, 2008, Republican primary with 1,891 votes (59\\.2%) against Ann Rydalch.\n\nSimpson was unopposed in the November 4, 2008, general election and won with 17,384 votes.\n\n",
"### 2010\n\nSimpson was unopposed in the Republican primary and won with 4,511 votes.\n\nSimpson was unopposed in the November 2, 2010, general election, which he won with 12,748 votes.\n\n",
"Idaho House of Representatives\n------------------------------\n\n### 2011–2012\n\nIn the 2011–2012 legislative session, Simpson served on these committees:\n* Commerce and Human Resources\n* Environment, Energy and Technology\n* State Affairs\n\n### 2009–2010\n\nIn the 2009–2010 legislative session, Simpson served on these committees:\n* Commerce and Human Resources\n* Environment, Energy and Technology\n* State Affairs\n\n",
"### 2011–2012\n\nIn the 2011–2012 legislative session, Simpson served on these committees:\n* Commerce and Human Resources\n* Environment, Energy and Technology\n* State Affairs\n\n",
"### 2009–2010\n\nIn the 2009–2010 legislative session, Simpson served on these committees:\n* Commerce and Human Resources\n* Environment, Energy and Technology\n* State Affairs\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Campaign Website](https://web.archive.org/web/20100426010037/http://www.simpsonforidaho.com/)\n\n[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)](/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_%28living_people%29 \"Year of birth missing (living people)\")\n[Category:Place of birth missing (living people)](/wiki/Category:Place_of_birth_missing_%28living_people%29 \"Place of birth missing (living people)\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Republican Party members of the Idaho House of Representatives](/wiki/Category:Republican_Party_members_of_the_Idaho_House_of_Representatives \"Republican Party members of the Idaho House of Representatives\")\n[Category:People from Idaho Falls, Idaho](/wiki/Category:People_from_Idaho_Falls%2C_Idaho \"People from Idaho Falls, Idaho\")\n[Category:University of Idaho alumni](/wiki/Category:University_of_Idaho_alumni \"University of Idaho alumni\")\n\n"
]
} |
Willy Grundbacher | {
"id": [
47075953
],
"name": [
"Minhtrihuynh"
]
} | jee65cz5cxrgub93f41j8pmove9ypn2 | 2023-12-19T12:47:01Z | 1,156,798,751 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Willy Fritz Grundbacher** (5 July 1907 – November 1997\\) was a [Swiss](/wiki/Switzerland \"Switzerland\") [modern pentathlete](/wiki/Modern_pentathlon \"Modern pentathlon\"). He competed at the [1936 Summer Olympics](/wiki/1936_Summer_Olympics \"1936 Summer Olympics\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1907 births](/wiki/Category:1907_births \"1907 births\")\n[Category:1997 deaths](/wiki/Category:1997_deaths \"1997 deaths\")\n[Category:Swiss male modern pentathletes](/wiki/Category:Swiss_male_modern_pentathletes \"Swiss male modern pentathletes\")\n[Category:Olympic modern pentathletes for Switzerland](/wiki/Category:Olympic_modern_pentathletes_for_Switzerland \"Olympic modern pentathletes for Switzerland\")\n[Category:Modern pentathletes at the 1936 Summer Olympics](/wiki/Category:Modern_pentathletes_at_the_1936_Summer_Olympics \"Modern pentathletes at the 1936 Summer Olympics\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Einar Örn Jónsson | {
"id": [
28779459
],
"name": [
"Lepricavark"
]
} | st9jqwvgn6za6pdgns6df45bjda7a9c | 2024-08-03T22:50:58Z | 1,225,626,177 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Einar Örn Jónsson** (born 28 December 1976\\) is a former [Icelandic](/wiki/Iceland \"Iceland\") [handball](/wiki/Team_handball \"Team handball\") player and current sports reporter at the [Icelandic National Broadcasting Service](/wiki/R%C3%9AV_%28television_channel%29 \"RÚV (television channel)\"). He competed in the [2004 Summer Olympics](/wiki/2004_Summer_Olympics \"2004 Summer Olympics\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1976 births](/wiki/Category:1976_births \"1976 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Einar Orn Jonsson](/wiki/Category:Icelandic_male_handball_players \"Icelandic male handball players\")\n[Einar Orn Jonsson](/wiki/Category:Olympic_handball_players_for_Iceland \"Olympic handball players for Iceland\")\n[Category:Handball players at the 2004 Summer Olympics](/wiki/Category:Handball_players_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics \"Handball players at the 2004 Summer Olympics\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
John Irwin (admiral) | {
"id": [
null
],
"name": [
"152.130.14.6"
]
} | 9xvjrl3t6zecsppda6bus5i5zhh10cy | 2024-01-03T16:43:50Z | 1,193,394,978 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Naval career",
"Early career",
"American Civil War",
"Post-Civil War",
"Retirement and death",
"Gallery",
"See also",
"Notes",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
3,
3,
3,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n* + - * + - * + - * + - * + - * + - \n\n[Rear Admiral](/wiki/Rear_Admiral_%28United_States%29 \"Rear Admiral (United States)\") **John Irwin** (15 April 1832 – 28 July 1901\\) was an [officer](/wiki/Commissioned_officer \"Commissioned officer\") in the [United States Navy](/wiki/United_States_Navy \"United States Navy\"). He participated in the [African Slave Trade Patrol](/wiki/African_Slave_Trade_Patrol \"African Slave Trade Patrol\"), fought in the [American Civil War](/wiki/American_Civil_War \"American Civil War\"), and served as commander of the [Asiatic](/wiki/Asiatic_Squadron \"Asiatic Squadron\") and [Pacific](/wiki/Pacific_Squadron \"Pacific Squadron\") Squadrons.\n\n",
"Naval career\n------------\n\nIrwin was born in [Pittsburgh](/wiki/Pittsburgh \"Pittsburgh\")McDowell, p. 476\\. or [Lancaster](/wiki/Lancaster%2C_Pennsylvania \"Lancaster, Pennsylvania\") (sources vary), [Pennsylvania](/wiki/Pennsylvania \"Pennsylvania\"), on 15 April 1832\\. He was the son of [United States Congressman](/wiki/United_States_Congressman \"United States Congressman\") [William W. Irwin](/wiki/William_W._Irwin \"William W. Irwin\") and Frances Everallyn Rose Irwin. He was also the great\\-great step\\-grandson of [Benjamin Franklin](/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin \"Benjamin Franklin\") through his step\\-mother, Sophia Arabella Bache.\n\n### Early career\n\nIrwin was appointed as a [midshipman](/wiki/Midshipman \"Midshipman\") on 9 September 1847 and immediately went to sea, being attached to the [frigate](/wiki/Frigate \"Frigate\") in the [Home Squadron](/wiki/Home_Squadron \"Home Squadron\") from 1847 to 1848, to the frigate in the [Mediterranean Squadron](/wiki/Mediterranean_Squadron_%28United_States%29 \"Mediterranean Squadron (United States)\") from 1849 to 1850, and to the frigate on the [African Slave Trade Patrol](/wiki/African_Slave_Trade_Patrol \"African Slave Trade Patrol\") off the west coast of [Africa](/wiki/Africa \"Africa\") from 1851 to 1853\\. He was promoted to [passed midshipman](/wiki/Passed_midshipman \"Passed midshipman\") on 10 June 1853\\.Hamersly, p. 11\\.\n\nAssigned to the [sidewheel steamer](/wiki/Paddle_steamer \"Paddle steamer\") in the Home Squadron from 1854 to 1856, Irwin was promoted to [master](/wiki/Master_%28naval%29 \"Master (naval)\") on 16 September 1855 and then to [lieutenant](/wiki/Lieutenant \"Lieutenant\") on the same day. His next assignment was with the [United States Coast Survey](/wiki/United_States_Coast_Survey \"United States Coast Survey\") from 1857 to 1858\\. He then served aboard the frigate in the Home Squadron from 1859 to 1860\\.\n\n### American Civil War\n\nIn 1861, Irwin reported for duty aboard the [screw frigate](/wiki/Screw_frigate \"Screw frigate\") . The [American Civil War](/wiki/American_Civil_War \"American Civil War\") broke out in April 1861, and Irwin saw a great deal of action against [Confederate](/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America \"Confederate States of America\") forces aboard *Wabash*. During Irwin's tour, *Wabash* participated in the [capture of Forts Hatteras and Clark](/wiki/Battle_of_Hatteras_Inlet_Batteries \"Battle of Hatteras Inlet Batteries\") at [Hatteras Inlet](/wiki/Hatteras_Inlet \"Hatteras Inlet\"), [North Carolina](/wiki/North_Carolina \"North Carolina\"), on 29 August 1861, before becoming the [flagship](/wiki/Flagship \"Flagship\") of the [South Atlantic Blockading Squadron](/wiki/South_Atlantic_Blockading_Squadron \"South Atlantic Blockading Squadron\"), one of the [squadrons](/wiki/Squadron_%28naval%29 \"Squadron (naval)\") engaged in the [Union blockade](/wiki/Union_blockade \"Union blockade\") of Confederate ports. *Wabash* then took part in the capture of [Fort Walker](/wiki/Fort_Walker_%28South_Carolina%29 \"Fort Walker (South Carolina)\"), [Fort Beauregard](/wiki/Fort_Beauregard_%28South_Carolina%29 \"Fort Beauregard (South Carolina)\"), and [Port Royal Sound](/wiki/Port_Royal_Sound \"Port Royal Sound\"), [South Carolina](/wiki/South_Carolina \"South Carolina\"), in the [Battle of Port Royal](/wiki/Battle_of_Port_Royal \"Battle of Port Royal\") on 7 November 1861\\. Irwin later was in command of boat [howitzers](/wiki/Howitzer \"Howitzer\") *Wabash* placed ashore during the [Battle of Port Royal Ferry](/wiki/Battle_of_Port_Royal_Ferry \"Battle of Port Royal Ferry\"), South Carolina, on 1 January 1862, and was aboard *Wabash* for the [Battle of Fort Pulaski](/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Pulaski \"Battle of Fort Pulaski\") at [Cockspur Island](/wiki/Cockspur_Island \"Cockspur Island\"), [Georgia](/wiki/Georgia_%28U.S._state%29 \"Georgia (U.S. state)\"), on 10–11 April 1862\\. He was promoted to [lieutenant commander](/wiki/Lieutenant_Commander_%28United_States%29 \"Lieutenant Commander (United States)\") on 16 July 1862\\.\n\nLeaving *Wabash* in 1863, Irwin performed [ordnance](/wiki/Military_logistics \"Military logistics\") duty at [Philadelphia](/wiki/Philadelphia%2C_Pennsylvania \"Philadelphia, Pennsylvania\"), Pennsylvania, in 1864, transferring later in 1864 to sea duty in the [Gulf of Mexico](/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico \"Gulf of Mexico\"), where he served in the [Western Gulf Blockading Squadron](/wiki/Western_Gulf_Blockading_Squadron \"Western Gulf Blockading Squadron\") through the end of the war in 1865\\.\n\n### Post\\-Civil War\n\nAfter the Civil War, Irwin was assigned to special duty at Philadelphia from 1866 to 1867 and was promoted to [commander](/wiki/Commander_%28United_States%29 \"Commander (United States)\") on 25 July 1866\\. He then returned to sea, serving in the [North Atlantic Squadron](/wiki/North_Atlantic_Squadron \"North Atlantic Squadron\") from 1868 to 1871, in command successively of the [steamer](/wiki/Steamboat \"Steamboat\") in 1868, the steamer from 1868 to 1870, and the [screw](/wiki/Propeller \"Propeller\") [gunboat](/wiki/Gunboat \"Gunboat\") from 1870 to 1871\\.\n\nAfter spending 1872 on duty at [League Island](/wiki/League_Island \"League Island\") in Philadelphia, Irwin was [commanding officer](/wiki/Commanding_officer \"Commanding officer\") of the [sailing frigate](/wiki/Sailing_frigate \"Sailing frigate\") , then operating as a [training ship](/wiki/Training_ship \"Training ship\"), from 1873 to 1875\\. He was promoted to [captain](/wiki/Captain_%28United_States%29%23U.S._Navy%2C_U.S._Coast_Guard%2C_U.S._Public_Health_Service%2C_and_National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration \"Captain (United States)#U.S. Navy, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Public Health Service, and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration\") on 15 May 1875, and commanded the screw steamer , flagship of the [Pacific Station](/wiki/Pacific_Squadron \"Pacific Squadron\"), from 1875 to 1879\\.\n\nIrwin then began a lengthy series of shore tours, beginning with an assignment at [Mare Island Navy Yard](/wiki/Mare_Island_Navy_Yard \"Mare Island Navy Yard\") in [Vallejo](/wiki/Vallejo%2C_California \"Vallejo, California\"), [California](/wiki/California \"California\"), from 1879 to 1883, followed by special duty in 1884 and a tour as president of the Board of Inspection, California, from 1884 to 1888, during which he was promoted to [commodore](/wiki/Commodore_%28United_States%29 \"Commodore (United States)\") on 4 March 1886\\. He was idle, awaiting orders, from 13 December 1889 to 12 July 1890, when he assumed duties as a member of the [Board of Inspection and Survey](/wiki/Board_of_Inspection_and_Survey \"Board of Inspection and Survey\"). He was promoted to [rear admiral](/wiki/Rear_Admiral_%28United_States%29 \"Rear Admiral (United States)\") on 19 May 1891\\.Hamersly, pp. 11–12\\.\n\nDeparting the board in June 1891, Irwin finally returned to sea when he assumed command of the [Asiatic Squadron](/wiki/Asiatic_Squadron \"Asiatic Squadron\") on 7 June 1891\\.Hamersly, p. 12\\. He arrived in [Honolulu](/wiki/Honolulu \"Honolulu\"), [Hawaii](/wiki/Hawaii \"Hawaii\"), suddenly and unexpectedly on 6 November 1893 to replace Commodore [Joseph S. Skerrett](/wiki/Joseph_S._Skerrett \"Joseph S. Skerrett\") there as commander\\-in\\-chief of the [Pacific Squadron](/wiki/Pacific_Squadron \"Pacific Squadron\"); Skerrett traded places with Irwin, taking command of the Asiatic Squadron. Irwin soon became involved in the \"[Black Week](/wiki/Black_Week_%28Hawaii%29 \"Black Week (Hawaii)\")\" crisis of December 1893 – January 1894, during which war nearly broke out between the [United States](/wiki/United_States \"United States\") and the [Provisional Government of Hawaii](/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Hawaii \"Provisional Government of Hawaii\").\n\nIrwin was placed on the retired list on 15 April 1894 upon reaching the mandatory retirement age of 62\\. He hauled down his flag for the final time aboard the [protected cruiser](/wiki/Protected_cruiser \"Protected cruiser\") at Honolulu the following day.\n\nIn 1897 Admiral Irwin became a Veteran Companion of the [Military Order of Foreign Wars](/wiki/Military_Order_of_Foreign_Wars \"Military Order of Foreign Wars\") by right of his service in the Mexican War. He was also a First Class Companion of the California Commandery of the [Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States](/wiki/Military_Order_of_the_Loyal_Legion_of_the_United_States \"Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States\").\n\n",
"### Early career\n\nIrwin was appointed as a [midshipman](/wiki/Midshipman \"Midshipman\") on 9 September 1847 and immediately went to sea, being attached to the [frigate](/wiki/Frigate \"Frigate\") in the [Home Squadron](/wiki/Home_Squadron \"Home Squadron\") from 1847 to 1848, to the frigate in the [Mediterranean Squadron](/wiki/Mediterranean_Squadron_%28United_States%29 \"Mediterranean Squadron (United States)\") from 1849 to 1850, and to the frigate on the [African Slave Trade Patrol](/wiki/African_Slave_Trade_Patrol \"African Slave Trade Patrol\") off the west coast of [Africa](/wiki/Africa \"Africa\") from 1851 to 1853\\. He was promoted to [passed midshipman](/wiki/Passed_midshipman \"Passed midshipman\") on 10 June 1853\\.Hamersly, p. 11\\.\n\nAssigned to the [sidewheel steamer](/wiki/Paddle_steamer \"Paddle steamer\") in the Home Squadron from 1854 to 1856, Irwin was promoted to [master](/wiki/Master_%28naval%29 \"Master (naval)\") on 16 September 1855 and then to [lieutenant](/wiki/Lieutenant \"Lieutenant\") on the same day. His next assignment was with the [United States Coast Survey](/wiki/United_States_Coast_Survey \"United States Coast Survey\") from 1857 to 1858\\. He then served aboard the frigate in the Home Squadron from 1859 to 1860\\.\n\n",
"### American Civil War\n\nIn 1861, Irwin reported for duty aboard the [screw frigate](/wiki/Screw_frigate \"Screw frigate\") . The [American Civil War](/wiki/American_Civil_War \"American Civil War\") broke out in April 1861, and Irwin saw a great deal of action against [Confederate](/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America \"Confederate States of America\") forces aboard *Wabash*. During Irwin's tour, *Wabash* participated in the [capture of Forts Hatteras and Clark](/wiki/Battle_of_Hatteras_Inlet_Batteries \"Battle of Hatteras Inlet Batteries\") at [Hatteras Inlet](/wiki/Hatteras_Inlet \"Hatteras Inlet\"), [North Carolina](/wiki/North_Carolina \"North Carolina\"), on 29 August 1861, before becoming the [flagship](/wiki/Flagship \"Flagship\") of the [South Atlantic Blockading Squadron](/wiki/South_Atlantic_Blockading_Squadron \"South Atlantic Blockading Squadron\"), one of the [squadrons](/wiki/Squadron_%28naval%29 \"Squadron (naval)\") engaged in the [Union blockade](/wiki/Union_blockade \"Union blockade\") of Confederate ports. *Wabash* then took part in the capture of [Fort Walker](/wiki/Fort_Walker_%28South_Carolina%29 \"Fort Walker (South Carolina)\"), [Fort Beauregard](/wiki/Fort_Beauregard_%28South_Carolina%29 \"Fort Beauregard (South Carolina)\"), and [Port Royal Sound](/wiki/Port_Royal_Sound \"Port Royal Sound\"), [South Carolina](/wiki/South_Carolina \"South Carolina\"), in the [Battle of Port Royal](/wiki/Battle_of_Port_Royal \"Battle of Port Royal\") on 7 November 1861\\. Irwin later was in command of boat [howitzers](/wiki/Howitzer \"Howitzer\") *Wabash* placed ashore during the [Battle of Port Royal Ferry](/wiki/Battle_of_Port_Royal_Ferry \"Battle of Port Royal Ferry\"), South Carolina, on 1 January 1862, and was aboard *Wabash* for the [Battle of Fort Pulaski](/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Pulaski \"Battle of Fort Pulaski\") at [Cockspur Island](/wiki/Cockspur_Island \"Cockspur Island\"), [Georgia](/wiki/Georgia_%28U.S._state%29 \"Georgia (U.S. state)\"), on 10–11 April 1862\\. He was promoted to [lieutenant commander](/wiki/Lieutenant_Commander_%28United_States%29 \"Lieutenant Commander (United States)\") on 16 July 1862\\.\n\nLeaving *Wabash* in 1863, Irwin performed [ordnance](/wiki/Military_logistics \"Military logistics\") duty at [Philadelphia](/wiki/Philadelphia%2C_Pennsylvania \"Philadelphia, Pennsylvania\"), Pennsylvania, in 1864, transferring later in 1864 to sea duty in the [Gulf of Mexico](/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico \"Gulf of Mexico\"), where he served in the [Western Gulf Blockading Squadron](/wiki/Western_Gulf_Blockading_Squadron \"Western Gulf Blockading Squadron\") through the end of the war in 1865\\.\n\n",
"### Post\\-Civil War\n\nAfter the Civil War, Irwin was assigned to special duty at Philadelphia from 1866 to 1867 and was promoted to [commander](/wiki/Commander_%28United_States%29 \"Commander (United States)\") on 25 July 1866\\. He then returned to sea, serving in the [North Atlantic Squadron](/wiki/North_Atlantic_Squadron \"North Atlantic Squadron\") from 1868 to 1871, in command successively of the [steamer](/wiki/Steamboat \"Steamboat\") in 1868, the steamer from 1868 to 1870, and the [screw](/wiki/Propeller \"Propeller\") [gunboat](/wiki/Gunboat \"Gunboat\") from 1870 to 1871\\.\n\nAfter spending 1872 on duty at [League Island](/wiki/League_Island \"League Island\") in Philadelphia, Irwin was [commanding officer](/wiki/Commanding_officer \"Commanding officer\") of the [sailing frigate](/wiki/Sailing_frigate \"Sailing frigate\") , then operating as a [training ship](/wiki/Training_ship \"Training ship\"), from 1873 to 1875\\. He was promoted to [captain](/wiki/Captain_%28United_States%29%23U.S._Navy%2C_U.S._Coast_Guard%2C_U.S._Public_Health_Service%2C_and_National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration \"Captain (United States)#U.S. Navy, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Public Health Service, and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration\") on 15 May 1875, and commanded the screw steamer , flagship of the [Pacific Station](/wiki/Pacific_Squadron \"Pacific Squadron\"), from 1875 to 1879\\.\n\nIrwin then began a lengthy series of shore tours, beginning with an assignment at [Mare Island Navy Yard](/wiki/Mare_Island_Navy_Yard \"Mare Island Navy Yard\") in [Vallejo](/wiki/Vallejo%2C_California \"Vallejo, California\"), [California](/wiki/California \"California\"), from 1879 to 1883, followed by special duty in 1884 and a tour as president of the Board of Inspection, California, from 1884 to 1888, during which he was promoted to [commodore](/wiki/Commodore_%28United_States%29 \"Commodore (United States)\") on 4 March 1886\\. He was idle, awaiting orders, from 13 December 1889 to 12 July 1890, when he assumed duties as a member of the [Board of Inspection and Survey](/wiki/Board_of_Inspection_and_Survey \"Board of Inspection and Survey\"). He was promoted to [rear admiral](/wiki/Rear_Admiral_%28United_States%29 \"Rear Admiral (United States)\") on 19 May 1891\\.Hamersly, pp. 11–12\\.\n\nDeparting the board in June 1891, Irwin finally returned to sea when he assumed command of the [Asiatic Squadron](/wiki/Asiatic_Squadron \"Asiatic Squadron\") on 7 June 1891\\.Hamersly, p. 12\\. He arrived in [Honolulu](/wiki/Honolulu \"Honolulu\"), [Hawaii](/wiki/Hawaii \"Hawaii\"), suddenly and unexpectedly on 6 November 1893 to replace Commodore [Joseph S. Skerrett](/wiki/Joseph_S._Skerrett \"Joseph S. Skerrett\") there as commander\\-in\\-chief of the [Pacific Squadron](/wiki/Pacific_Squadron \"Pacific Squadron\"); Skerrett traded places with Irwin, taking command of the Asiatic Squadron. Irwin soon became involved in the \"[Black Week](/wiki/Black_Week_%28Hawaii%29 \"Black Week (Hawaii)\")\" crisis of December 1893 – January 1894, during which war nearly broke out between the [United States](/wiki/United_States \"United States\") and the [Provisional Government of Hawaii](/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Hawaii \"Provisional Government of Hawaii\").\n\nIrwin was placed on the retired list on 15 April 1894 upon reaching the mandatory retirement age of 62\\. He hauled down his flag for the final time aboard the [protected cruiser](/wiki/Protected_cruiser \"Protected cruiser\") at Honolulu the following day.\n\nIn 1897 Admiral Irwin became a Veteran Companion of the [Military Order of Foreign Wars](/wiki/Military_Order_of_Foreign_Wars \"Military Order of Foreign Wars\") by right of his service in the Mexican War. He was also a First Class Companion of the California Commandery of the [Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States](/wiki/Military_Order_of_the_Loyal_Legion_of_the_United_States \"Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States\").\n\n",
"Retirement and death\n--------------------\n\nIn retirement, Irwin resided in Washington, D.C., where he died at his home late on the evening of 28 July 1901 after an illness of several months. He left behind his wife, a daughter, and a son, also named John Irwin, who at the time was [paymaster](/wiki/Paymaster \"Paymaster\") aboard the training ship . Irwin was interred at [Arlington National Cemetery](/wiki/Arlington_National_Cemetery \"Arlington National Cemetery\") with full naval honors on 31 July 1901\\.\n\n",
"Gallery\n-------\n\nFile:John Irwin.jpg\\|\nFile:Rear Admiral John Irwin.JPG\\|\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n",
"Notes\n-----\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [John Irwin Notebook, 1854 (approximate) MS 487](https://www.usna.edu/Library/sca/man-findingaids/MS_487.EAD.xml) held by Special Collections \\& Archives, Nimitz Library at the United States Naval Academy\n\n \n\n[Category:1832 births](/wiki/Category:1832_births \"1832 births\")\n[Category:1901 deaths](/wiki/Category:1901_deaths \"1901 deaths\")\n[Category:Military personnel from Pittsburgh](/wiki/Category:Military_personnel_from_Pittsburgh \"Military personnel from Pittsburgh\")\n[Category:People from Lancaster, Pennsylvania](/wiki/Category:People_from_Lancaster%2C_Pennsylvania \"People from Lancaster, Pennsylvania\")\n[Category:United States Naval Academy alumni](/wiki/Category:United_States_Naval_Academy_alumni \"United States Naval Academy alumni\")\n[Category:People of Pennsylvania in the American Civil War](/wiki/Category:People_of_Pennsylvania_in_the_American_Civil_War \"People of Pennsylvania in the American Civil War\")\n[Category:Union Navy officers](/wiki/Category:Union_Navy_officers \"Union Navy officers\")\n[Category:United States Navy admirals](/wiki/Category:United_States_Navy_admirals \"United States Navy admirals\")\n[Category:Military personnel from Washington, D.C.](/wiki/Category:Military_personnel_from_Washington%2C_D.C. \"Military personnel from Washington, D.C.\")\n[Category:Burials at Arlington National Cemetery](/wiki/Category:Burials_at_Arlington_National_Cemetery \"Burials at Arlington National Cemetery\")\n\n"
]
} |
Jalesky Garcia Padron | {
"id": [
29077096
],
"name": [
"Crowsus"
]
} | nxc1vtoz2urwsbsgvlp8h05e6g0yylz | 2024-09-01T03:09:14Z | 1,243,375,182 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Jalesky Garcia Padron** (born 28 January 1975\\) is an [Icelandic](/wiki/Iceland \"Iceland\")/[Cuban](/wiki/Cuba \"Cuba\") [handball](/wiki/Handball \"Handball\") player and coach who competed in the [2004 Summer Olympics](/wiki/2004_Summer_Olympics \"2004 Summer Olympics\").\n\nSince [2009](/wiki/2009 \"2009\") he has been the manager of the [Puerto Rican](/wiki/Puerto_Rica \"Puerto Rica\") National team.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1975 births](/wiki/Category:1975_births \"1975 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Jalesky Garcia Padron](/wiki/Category:Icelandic_male_handball_players \"Icelandic male handball players\")\n[Jalesky Garcia Padron](/wiki/Category:Olympic_handball_players_for_Iceland \"Olympic handball players for Iceland\")\n[Category:Handball players at the 2004 Summer Olympics](/wiki/Category:Handball_players_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics \"Handball players at the 2004 Summer Olympics\")\n[Category:Cuban male handball players](/wiki/Category:Cuban_male_handball_players \"Cuban male handball players\")\n[Category:Cuban emigrants](/wiki/Category:Cuban_emigrants \"Cuban emigrants\")\n[Category:Immigrants to Iceland](/wiki/Category:Immigrants_to_Iceland \"Immigrants to Iceland\")\n[Category:Naturalised handball players](/wiki/Category:Naturalised_handball_players \"Naturalised handball players\")\n[Category:Cuban expatriate handball players](/wiki/Category:Cuban_expatriate_handball_players \"Cuban expatriate handball players\")\n[Category:Cuban expatriate sportspeople in Iceland](/wiki/Category:Cuban_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Iceland \"Cuban expatriate sportspeople in Iceland\")\n[Category:Cuban expatriate sportspeople in Germany](/wiki/Category:Cuban_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Germany \"Cuban expatriate sportspeople in Germany\")\n[Category:Icelandic expatriate handball players in Germany](/wiki/Category:Icelandic_expatriate_handball_players_in_Germany \"Icelandic expatriate handball players in Germany\")\n[Category:Frisch Auf Göppingen players](/wiki/Category:Frisch_Auf_G%C3%B6ppingen_players \"Frisch Auf Göppingen players\")\n[Category:Cuban expatriate sportspeople in Puerto Rico](/wiki/Category:Cuban_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Puerto_Rico \"Cuban expatriate sportspeople in Puerto Rico\")\n[Category:Icelandic expatriate sportspeople in Puerto Rico](/wiki/Category:Icelandic_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Puerto_Rico \"Icelandic expatriate sportspeople in Puerto Rico\")\n[Category:Cuban handball coaches](/wiki/Category:Cuban_handball_coaches \"Cuban handball coaches\")\n[Category:Handball coaches of international teams](/wiki/Category:Handball_coaches_of_international_teams \"Handball coaches of international teams\")\n[Category:Expatriate handball coaches](/wiki/Category:Expatriate_handball_coaches \"Expatriate handball coaches\")\n[Category:Icelandic people of Cuban descent](/wiki/Category:Icelandic_people_of_Cuban_descent \"Icelandic people of Cuban descent\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
John Buckner (bishop) | {
"id": [
754619
],
"name": [
"BrownHairedGirl"
]
} | hkdvl4t699a5kshpnhkiwtktbnayasx | 2022-04-10T20:06:08Z | 1,078,911,231 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Family",
"Education",
"Career",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**John Buckner**, [LL.D.](/wiki/Legum_Doctor \"Legum Doctor\") (1734–1824\\) was an [Anglican clergyman](/wiki/Anglican_ministry \"Anglican ministry\") who served in the [Church of England](/wiki/Church_of_England \"Church of England\") as the [Bishop of Chichester](/wiki/Bishop_of_Chichester \"Bishop of Chichester\") from 1797 to 1824\\.\n\n",
"Family\n------\n\nBaptised at [Boxgrove](/wiki/Boxgrove \"Boxgrove\") on 12 June 1734,FamilySearch [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J33H\\-M57](https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J33H-M57) he was the elder son of Richard Buckner (died 1777\\), steward to [Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond](/wiki/Charles_Lennox%2C_2nd_Duke_of_Richmond \"Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond\"), and his wife Mary Saunders (died 1772\\). His younger brother [Charles Buckner](/wiki/Charles_Buckner \"Charles Buckner\") became an Admiral in the Royal Navy. On 6 December 1768 at [Portsmouth, Hampshire](/wiki/Portsmouth%2C_Hampshire \"Portsmouth, Hampshire\"), he married Elizabeth Heron (born 1739\\), daughter of John Vining Heron and his wife Frances Leake,FamilySearch [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:N24C\\-SQX](https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:N24C-SQX) and [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QPTJ\\-5KR8](https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QPTJ-5KR8) whose brothers in law were Rear\\-Admiral Charles Webber (1722\\-1783\\) and [William Smith](/wiki/William_Smith_%28Ordnance%29 \"William Smith (Ordnance)\") (1721\\-1803\\). The two did not have any children, she dying in July 1789 FamilySearch [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QK18\\-LRLY](https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QK18-LRLY) and FindAGrave <https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/139956289> and he on 1 May 1824\\.FamilySearch [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QK18\\-LRGZ](https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QK18-LRGZ) and FindAGrave [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/139978267/john\\-buckner](https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/139978267/john-buckner)\n\n",
"Education\n---------\n\nJohn went to [Charterhouse School](/wiki/Charterhouse_School \"Charterhouse School\") (nominated by the Duke of Richmond for a foundation scholarship when 12 years old and had a free education). On leaving he received an exhibition to go to university. From 1751\\-55 he studied at [Clare College, Cambridge](/wiki/Clare_College%2C_Cambridge \"Clare College, Cambridge\"). BA 1755\\. He became a Deacon in 1756 and a priest in 1758\\. MA 1765\\. LLD (Lambeth) 1787\\.\n\n",
"Career\n------\n\n[thumb\\|Memorial, [Chichester Cathedral](/wiki/Chichester_Cathedral \"Chichester Cathedral\")](/wiki/File:John_Buckner_%281734%E2%80%931824%29_memorial%2C_Chichester_Cathedral%2C_July_2015_01.jpg \"John Buckner (1734–1824) memorial, Chichester Cathedral, July 2015 01.jpg\")\n\nBishop Buckner's 1824 obituary in the *[London Magazine](/wiki/London_Magazine \"London Magazine\")* noted that he and his brother Charles had \"owed their advancement in life\" to a close relationship with the Dukes of Richmond. Indeed, it was speculated in a 2011 article that their father Richard might have been an illegitimate son of the [first Duke](/wiki/Charles_Lennox%2C_1st_Duke_of_Richmond \"Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond\"), Charles Lennox, himself an illegitimate son of King Charles II. Traditional sources though hold that Richard Buckner was an immigrant from Westphalia.\n\nTutor to the [Duke of Richmond](/wiki/Duke_of_Richmond \"Duke of Richmond\"). 1762 Domestic Chaplain to the third [Duke of Richmond](/wiki/Duke_of_Richmond \"Duke of Richmond\") and present at the taking of [Havana](/wiki/Havana \"Havana\"). 1761\\-1772 Vicar of [Lyminster](/wiki/Lyminster \"Lyminster\"), Sussex. 1764\\-1766 Rector of West Stoke, Sussex. 1766\\-1774 Rector of Southwick. 1768 Prebendary of [Chichester](/wiki/Chichester \"Chichester\") and Vicar of [Westhampnett](/wiki/Westhampnett \"Westhampnett\"). 1771\\-1788 Vicar of [Eartham](/wiki/Eartham \"Eartham\"). 1772\\-1788 Vicar of [Boxgrove](/wiki/Boxgrove \"Boxgrove\"). 1785 Resident Canon of [Chichester](/wiki/Chichester \"Chichester\"). 1788\\-1824 Rector of [St Giles in the Fields](/wiki/St_Giles_in_the_Fields \"St Giles in the Fields\"), London and Rector of [Newdigate](/wiki/Newdigate \"Newdigate\"), Surrey. Prebendary of [Eartham](/wiki/Eartham \"Eartham\"). 1792 Archdeacon of [Chichester](/wiki/Chichester \"Chichester\"). 1797\\-1824 Bishop of [Chichester](/wiki/Chichester \"Chichester\") and was still active until he died. He had a house in [Wigmore Street](/wiki/Wigmore_Street \"Wigmore Street\") in London. Granted Arms jointly with his brother in 1804\\. The family vault is in the south transept of the cathedral, however this is believed to have been damaged and/or obscured when the cathedral tower fell down early in the 19th century. There are portraits of the bishop at Goodwood (by George Romney), in the Rector's Vestry of [St Giles in the Fields](/wiki/St_Giles_in_the_Fields \"St Giles in the Fields\") and in the Bishop's Palace, [Chichester](/wiki/Chichester \"Chichester\").\n\nIt is recorded that Bishop Buckner, with the aid of a very considerable sum of money from his predecessor's estate, \"applied a liberal addition of his own monies to render the house (palace) fit for episcopal residence; and his improvements were certainly dictated by judgement and taste.\"\n\nHe was nominated [Bishop](/wiki/Bishop \"Bishop\") of the [Diocese of Chichester](/wiki/Diocese_of_Chichester \"Diocese of Chichester\") by [King George III](/wiki/George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom \"George III of the United Kingdom\") on 2 October, received [Congé d'élire and letter missive](/wiki/Cong%C3%A9_d%27%C3%A9lire \"Congé d'élire\") on 11 October, elected on 27 October, and [Royal assent](/wiki/Royal_assent \"Royal assent\") on 10 November 1797\\. He was [consecrated](/wiki/Consecration \"Consecration\") on 4 March and [enthroned](/wiki/Enthronement \"Enthronement\") at [Chichester Cathedral](/wiki/Chichester_Cathedral \"Chichester Cathedral\") on 28 March 1798\\. He died in office on 1 May 1824\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1734 births](/wiki/Category:1734_births \"1734 births\")\n[Category:1824 deaths](/wiki/Category:1824_deaths \"1824 deaths\")\n[Category:People educated at Charterhouse School](/wiki/Category:People_educated_at_Charterhouse_School \"People educated at Charterhouse School\")\n[Category:Bishops of Chichester](/wiki/Category:Bishops_of_Chichester \"Bishops of Chichester\")\n[Category:People from Lyminster](/wiki/Category:People_from_Lyminster \"People from Lyminster\")\n[Category:People from Boxgrove](/wiki/Category:People_from_Boxgrove \"People from Boxgrove\")\n\n"
]
} |
The Falconer's Arm I | {
"id": [
332841
],
"name": [
"Tony1"
]
} | lbiydxg9vn783jtnzjf3ovvib3u5ztj | 2024-05-31T01:24:48Z | 1,226,502,400 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Track listing",
"Personnel",
"Release history",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***The Falconer's Arm I*** is the fourth [studio album](/wiki/Album%23Studio_album \"Album#Studio album\") by composer and guitarist [Robbie Basho](/wiki/Robbie_Basho \"Robbie Basho\"), released in 1967 by [Takoma Records](/wiki/Takoma_Records \"Takoma Records\").\n\n",
"Track listing\n-------------\n\n",
"Personnel\n---------\n\nAdapted from *The Falconer's Arm I* liner notes.\n\nMusicians\n* [Robbie Basho](/wiki/Robbie_Basho \"Robbie Basho\") – [steel\\-string acoustic guitar](/wiki/Steel-string_acoustic_guitar \"Steel-string acoustic guitar\"), vocals\n* Susan Graubard – flute (A2\\)\n\nProduction and additional personnel\n* [ED Denson](/wiki/ED_Denson \"ED Denson\") – [mastering](/wiki/Audio_mastering \"Audio mastering\")\n* Paul Kagan – photography\n* Dan McCloskey – [engineering](/wiki/Audio_engineering \"Audio engineering\")\n\n",
"Release history\n---------------\n\n| Region | Date | Label | Format | Catalog |\n\n| United States | 1967 | [Takoma](/wiki/Takoma_Records \"Takoma Records\") | [LP](/wiki/Vinyl_record \"Vinyl record\") | C\\-1017 |\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1967 albums](/wiki/Category:1967_albums \"1967 albums\")\n[Category:Robbie Basho albums](/wiki/Category:Robbie_Basho_albums \"Robbie Basho albums\")\n[Category:Takoma Records albums](/wiki/Category:Takoma_Records_albums \"Takoma Records albums\")\n\n"
]
} |
Lizanne Murphy | {
"id": [
14841472
],
"name": [
"Joeykai"
]
} | caevdgdb571hdulh126kdx7vo7icqjw | 2024-08-08T04:28:13Z | 1,239,244,405 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Pam Am games 2015",
"Professional career",
"Honours",
"Hofstra University statistics",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Lizanne Murphy** (born 15 March 1984\\) is a Canadian professional [basketball](/wiki/Basketball \"Basketball\") player. She plays for [Canada women's national basketball team](/wiki/Canada_women%27s_national_basketball_team \"Canada women's national basketball team\"). She competed in the [2012 Summer Olympics](/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics \"2012 Summer Olympics\") and [2016 Summer Olympics](/wiki/2016_Summer_Olympics \"2016 Summer Olympics\")\n\n",
"Pam Am games 2015\n-----------------\n\nMurphy was a member of the [Canada women's national basketball team](/wiki/Canada_women%27s_national_basketball_team \"Canada women's national basketball team\") which participated in [basketball](/wiki/Basketball_at_the_2015_Pan_American_Games \"Basketball at the 2015 Pan American Games\") at the [2015 Pan American Games](/wiki/2015_Pan_American_Games \"2015 Pan American Games\") held in [Toronto](/wiki/Toronto \"Toronto\"), [Ontario](/wiki/Ontario \"Ontario\"), Canada 10 to 26 July 2015\\. Canada opened the preliminary rounds with an easy 101–38 win over Venezuela. The following day they beat Argentina 73–58\\. The final preliminary game was against Cuba; both teams were 2–0, so the winner would win the group. The game went down to the wire with Canada eking out a 71–68 win. Canada would face Brazil in the semifinal.\n\nEverything seemed to go right in the semifinal game. Canada opened the game with an 11–2 run on seven consecutive points by [Miranda Ayim](/wiki/Miranda_Ayim \"Miranda Ayim\"). [Miah\\-Marie Langlois](/wiki/Miah-Marie_Langlois \"Miah-Marie Langlois\") contributed five assists. In the third quarter Canada strongly out rebounded Brazil and hit 69% of their field goals to score 33 points in the quarter. Murphy and [Nirra Fields](/wiki/Nirra_Fields \"Nirra Fields\") hit three\\-pointers to help extend the lead to 68–39 at the end of three\\-quarters. Canada continued to dominate in the fourth quarter with three\\-pointers by [Kia Nurse](/wiki/Kia_Nurse \"Kia Nurse\") and [Kim Gaucher](/wiki/Kim_Gaucher \"Kim Gaucher\"). Canada went on to win the game 91–63 to earn a spot in the gold\\-medal game against the USA.\n\nThe gold\\-medal game matched up the host team Canada against USA, in a sold\\-out arena dominated by fans in red and white and waving the Canadian flag. The Canadian team, arm in arm, sang *Oh Canada* as the respective national anthems were played.\n\nAfter trading baskets early the US edged out to a double\\-digit lead in the second quarter. However the Canadians, spurred on by the home crowd cheering, fought back and tied up the game at halftime. In the third quarter, it was Canada's time to shine as they outscore the US 26–15\\. The lead would reach as high as 18 points. The USA would fight back, but not all the way and Canada won the game and the gold\\-medal 81–73\\. It was Canada's first gold\\-medal in basketball in the Pan Am games. Nurse was the star for Canada with 33 points, hitting 11 of her 12 free\\-throw attempts in 10 of her 17 field\\-goal attempts including two of three three\\-pointers. Achonwa contributed three points.\n\n",
"Professional career\n-------------------\n\nMurphy has played professionally in Finland, Lithuania, Slovakia, Poland and France, and is currently playing for Union Féminine Angers Basket 49 in France.\n\n",
"Honours\n-------\n\nIn 2012 Murphy was awarded the [Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal](/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II_Diamond_Jubilee_Medal \"Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal\").\n\n",
"",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1984 births](/wiki/Category:1984_births \"1984 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Basketball players at the 2012 Summer Olympics](/wiki/Category:Basketball_players_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics \"Basketball players at the 2012 Summer Olympics\")\n[Category:Basketball players at the 2015 Pan American Games](/wiki/Category:Basketball_players_at_the_2015_Pan_American_Games \"Basketball players at the 2015 Pan American Games\")\n[Category:Basketball players at the 2016 Summer Olympics](/wiki/Category:Basketball_players_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics \"Basketball players at the 2016 Summer Olympics\")\n[Category:Basketball players from Montreal](/wiki/Category:Basketball_players_from_Montreal \"Basketball players from Montreal\")\n[Category:Canadian expatriate basketball people in France](/wiki/Category:Canadian_expatriate_basketball_people_in_France \"Canadian expatriate basketball people in France\")\n[Category:Canadian expatriate basketball people in the United States](/wiki/Category:Canadian_expatriate_basketball_people_in_the_United_States \"Canadian expatriate basketball people in the United States\")\n[Category:Canadian women's basketball players](/wiki/Category:Canadian_women%27s_basketball_players \"Canadian women's basketball players\")\n[Category:Forwards (basketball)](/wiki/Category:Forwards_%28basketball%29 \"Forwards (basketball)\")\n[Category:Hofstra Pride women's basketball players](/wiki/Category:Hofstra_Pride_women%27s_basketball_players \"Hofstra Pride women's basketball players\")\n[Category:Olympic basketball players for Canada](/wiki/Category:Olympic_basketball_players_for_Canada \"Olympic basketball players for Canada\")\n[Category:Pan American Games gold medalists for Canada](/wiki/Category:Pan_American_Games_gold_medalists_for_Canada \"Pan American Games gold medalists for Canada\")\n[Category:Pan American Games medalists in basketball](/wiki/Category:Pan_American_Games_medalists_in_basketball \"Pan American Games medalists in basketball\")\n[Category:People from Beaconsfield, Quebec](/wiki/Category:People_from_Beaconsfield%2C_Quebec \"People from Beaconsfield, Quebec\")\n[Category:Tarbes Gespe Bigorre players](/wiki/Category:Tarbes_Gespe_Bigorre_players \"Tarbes Gespe Bigorre players\")\n[Category:Medalists at the 2015 Pan American Games](/wiki/Category:Medalists_at_the_2015_Pan_American_Games \"Medalists at the 2015 Pan American Games\")\n[Category:Canada women's national basketball team players](/wiki/Category:Canada_women%27s_national_basketball_team_players \"Canada women's national basketball team players\")\n\n"
]
} |
Valeriy Andriytsev | {
"id": [
27015025
],
"name": [
"InternetArchiveBot"
]
} | 59raeen7mbsgju7e7ojfb1r5n5tg7f4 | 2024-08-03T08:49:08Z | 1,218,957,444 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Valerii Oleksandrovych Andriitsev** (; born 27 February 1987 in [Kozelets](/wiki/Kozelets \"Kozelets\")) is a male freestyle wrestler from [Ukraine](/wiki/Ukraine \"Ukraine\"). He won the silver medal in the [Men's freestyle 96 kg](/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics_-_Men%27s_freestyle_96_kg \"Wrestling at the 2012 Summer Olympics - Men's freestyle 96 kg\") at [2012 Summer Olympics](/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics \"2012 Summer Olympics\"). He won the silver in the [2012 European Wrestling Championships](/wiki/2012_European_Wrestling_Championships \"2012 European Wrestling Championships\"). At the [2014 World Wrestling Championships](/wiki/2014_World_Wrestling_Championships \"2014 World Wrestling Championships\") he took the bronze medal after winning a rematch against American [Jake Varner](/wiki/Jake_Varner \"Jake Varner\"), who beat him in the gold medal match at the 2012 Olympics. In June 2015, he earned bronze at the [inaugural European Games](/wiki/European_Games_2015 \"European Games 2015\") for [Ukraine](/wiki/Ukraine_at_the_2015_European_Games \"Ukraine at the 2015 European Games\") in [wrestling](/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_2015_European_Games \"Wrestling at the 2015 European Games\"), more specifically, in the men's freestyle in the \\- 97 kg division.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [bio on fila\\-wrestling.com](https://archive.today/20130123140022/http://www.fila-official.com/index.php?option=com_database&act=ficheLutteur&Itemid=&id_lutteur=541292AEAD694461859547227A254C9F&filtre_pays=Ukraine&lettre=A&recherche_lutteur=&lang=en)\n[Category:1987 births](/wiki/Category:1987_births \"1987 births\")\n[Category:Sportspeople from Kyiv](/wiki/Category:Sportspeople_from_Kyiv \"Sportspeople from Kyiv\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Wrestlers at the 2012 Summer Olympics](/wiki/Category:Wrestlers_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics \"Wrestlers at the 2012 Summer Olympics\")\n[Category:Wrestlers at the 2016 Summer Olympics](/wiki/Category:Wrestlers_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics \"Wrestlers at the 2016 Summer Olympics\")\n[Category:Ukrainian male sport wrestlers](/wiki/Category:Ukrainian_male_sport_wrestlers \"Ukrainian male sport wrestlers\")\n[Category:Olympic wrestlers for Ukraine](/wiki/Category:Olympic_wrestlers_for_Ukraine \"Olympic wrestlers for Ukraine\")\n[Category:Olympic silver medalists for Ukraine](/wiki/Category:Olympic_silver_medalists_for_Ukraine \"Olympic silver medalists for Ukraine\")\n[Category:Olympic medalists in wrestling](/wiki/Category:Olympic_medalists_in_wrestling \"Olympic medalists in wrestling\")\n[Category:Medalists at the 2012 Summer Olympics](/wiki/Category:Medalists_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics \"Medalists at the 2012 Summer Olympics\")\n[Category:European Games bronze medalists for Ukraine](/wiki/Category:European_Games_bronze_medalists_for_Ukraine \"European Games bronze medalists for Ukraine\")\n[Category:Wrestlers at the 2015 European Games](/wiki/Category:Wrestlers_at_the_2015_European_Games \"Wrestlers at the 2015 European Games\")\n[Category:European Games medalists in wrestling](/wiki/Category:European_Games_medalists_in_wrestling \"European Games medalists in wrestling\")\n[Category:World Wrestling Championships medalists](/wiki/Category:World_Wrestling_Championships_medalists \"World Wrestling Championships medalists\")\n[Category:European Wrestling Championships medalists](/wiki/Category:European_Wrestling_Championships_medalists \"European Wrestling Championships medalists\")\n[Category:21st\\-century Ukrainian sportsmen](/wiki/Category:21st-century_Ukrainian_sportsmen \"21st-century Ukrainian sportsmen\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
2012 Women's Junior NORCECA Volleyball Championship | {
"id": [
869314
],
"name": [
"Dicklyon"
]
} | 5huw60gun6iojfdc2uvslwdrw0xwsnl | 2023-04-07T02:24:14Z | 1,139,328,886 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Competing Nations",
"Pool standing procedure",
"First round",
"Group A",
"Group B",
"Group C",
"Final round",
"Championship bracket",
"Classification 7th to 9th places",
"Quarterfinals",
"7th place match",
"Semifinals",
"5th place match",
"3rd place match",
"Final",
"Final standing",
"Individual awards",
"References",
"External links"
],
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2,
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3,
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3,
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"content": [
"\n\nThe **2012 Girls' Youth NORCECA Volleyball Championship** was the eighth edition of the bi\\-annual [women's volleyball tournament](/wiki/Volleyball \"Volleyball\"), played by nine countries from August 21–26, 2012 in [Managua](/wiki/Managua \"Managua\"), [Nicaragua](/wiki/Nicaragua \"Nicaragua\").[NORCECA.net NORCECA Women’s U20 Volleyball Championship](http://norceca.net/2012%20Events/U20%20Nicaragua%202012/U20%20Women's%20Continental%20Championship.htm) The event served as qualifier to the [2013 Women's Junior World Championship](/wiki/2013_FIVB_Women%27s_Junior_World_Championship \"2013 FIVB Women's Junior World Championship\")\n\n",
"Competing Nations\n-----------------\n\n|Group A\n\nGroup B\n\nGroup C\n\n| |\n| | | |\n\n",
"Pool standing procedure\n-----------------------\n\nMatch won 3–0: 5 points for the winner, 0 point for the loser \n\nMatch won 3–1: 4 points for the winner, 1 points for the loser \n\nMatch won 3–2: 3 points for the winner, 2 points for the loser \n\nIn case of tie, the teams were classified according to the following criteria: \n\npoints ratio and sets ratio\n\n",
"First round\n-----------\n\n ''All times are [CST](/wiki/Central_Time_Zone_%28North_America%29 \"Central Time Zone (North America)\"), Nicaragua Standard Time ([UTC \\-06](/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time \"Coordinated Universal Time\"))\n### Group A\n\n### Group B\n\n### Group C\n\n",
"### Group A\n\n",
"### Group B\n\n",
"### Group C\n\n",
"Final round\n-----------\n\n### Championship bracket\n\n### Classification 7th to 9th places\n\n### Quarterfinals\n\n### 7th place match\n\n### Semifinals\n\n### 5th place match\n\n### 3rd place match\n\n### Final\n\n",
"### Championship bracket\n\n",
"### Classification 7th to 9th places\n\n",
"### Quarterfinals\n\n",
"### 7th place match\n\n",
"### Semifinals\n\n",
"### 5th place match\n\n",
"### 3rd place match\n\n",
"### Final\n\n",
"Final standing\n--------------\n\n|Rank\n\nTeam\n\n| |\n| |\n\n| |\n\n| |\n\n| 4 |\n\n| 5 |\n\n| 6 |\n\n| 7 |\n\n| 8 |\n\n| 9 |\n\n| Qualified for the [2013 World Junior Championship](/wiki/2013_FIVB_Women%27s_Junior_World_Championship \"2013 FIVB Women's Junior World Championship\") |\n| --- |\n\n",
"Individual awards\n-----------------\n\n* **Most valuable player**\n\n\t+ \n* **Best scorer**\n\t+ \n* **Best spiker**\n\t+ \n* **Best blocker**\n\t+ \n* **Best server**\n\t+ \n* **Best digger**\n\t+ \n* **Best setter**\n\t+ \n* **Best receiver**\n\t+ \n* **Best libero**\n\t+ \n\t\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [NORCECA.net](http://www.norceca.net)\n\n[Category:Women's NORCECA Volleyball Championship](/wiki/Category:Women%27s_NORCECA_Volleyball_Championship \"Women's NORCECA Volleyball Championship\")\n[Category:2012 in Nicaraguan sport](/wiki/Category:2012_in_Nicaraguan_sport \"2012 in Nicaraguan sport\")\n\n"
]
} |
Caroline of Stolberg-Gedern (1732–1796) | {
"id": [
2308770
],
"name": [
"Johnpacklambert"
]
} | 7ibjn15u6ekb3hfakv0lzg7snsh56ht | 2024-07-30T14:55:16Z | 1,235,457,266 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Early life",
"Marriage and issue"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Caroline of Stolberg\\-Gedern** (27 June 1732, in [Gedern](/wiki/Gedern \"Gedern\") – 28 May 1796, in [Langenburg](/wiki/Langenburg \"Langenburg\")) was a Princess of [Stolberg\\-Gerdern](/wiki/House_of_Stolberg \"House of Stolberg\") by birth and by marriage a princess of [Hohenlohe\\-Langenburg](/wiki/Hohenlohe-Langenburg \"Hohenlohe-Langenburg\").\n\n",
"Early life\n----------\n\nShe was a daughter of [Frederick Charles of Stolberg\\-Gedern](/wiki/Frederick_Charles_of_Stolberg-Gedern \"Frederick Charles of Stolberg-Gedern\") and his wife, Countess Louise Henriette of [Nassau\\-Saarbrücken](/wiki/Nassau-Saarbr%C3%BCcken \"Nassau-Saarbrücken\") (1705\\-1766\\).\n\n",
"Marriage and issue\n------------------\n\nOn 13 April 1761 she married her first cousin [Christian Albert, Prince of Hohenlohe\\-Langenburg](/wiki/Christian_Albert%2C_Prince_of_Hohenlohe-Langenburg \"Christian Albert, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg\") (her mother was an elder sister of his mother). They had the following children:\n* [Charles Louis](/wiki/Charles_Louis%2C_Prince_of_Hohenlohe-Langenburg \"Charles Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg\") (10 September 1762 – 4 April 1825\\), married Countess Amalie of [Solms\\-Baruth](/wiki/Solms-Baruth \"Solms-Baruth\")\n* [Louise Eleanore](/wiki/Princess_Louise_Eleonore_of_Hohenlohe-Langenburg \"Princess Louise Eleonore of Hohenlohe-Langenburg\") (11 August 1763 – 30 April 1837\\), married Duke [George I of Saxe\\-Meiningen](/wiki/George_I%2C_Duke_of_Saxe-Meiningen \"George I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen\")\n* Gustav Adolph (9 October 1764 – 21 July 1796\\)\n* Christine Caroline (19 November 1765 – 6 December 1768\\)\n* Louis William (16 February 1767 – 17 December 1768\\)\n* Christian August (15 March 1768 – 18 April 1796\\)\n* Caroline Auguste (15 November 1769 – 30 July 1803\\)\n\n \n\n[Category:House of Stolberg](/wiki/Category:House_of_Stolberg \"House of Stolberg\")\n[Category:1732 births](/wiki/Category:1732_births \"1732 births\")\n[Category:1796 deaths](/wiki/Category:1796_deaths \"1796 deaths\")\n[Category:18th\\-century German people](/wiki/Category:18th-century_German_people \"18th-century German people\")\n[Category:Princesses of Hohenlohe\\-Langenburg](/wiki/Category:Princesses_of_Hohenlohe-Langenburg \"Princesses of Hohenlohe-Langenburg\")\n[Category:Princesses in the Holy Roman Empire](/wiki/Category:Princesses_in_the_Holy_Roman_Empire \"Princesses in the Holy Roman Empire\")\n[Category:Mothers of German monarchs](/wiki/Category:Mothers_of_German_monarchs \"Mothers of German monarchs\")\n\n"
]
} |
Umunna | {
"id": [
39374154
],
"name": [
"Michaelwallace22"
]
} | jnw6pp4lzg1tu4pp6ah3an46q3enwvs | 2024-09-01T03:58:20Z | 1,240,084,400 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Umunna"
],
"level": [
1
],
"content": [
"**Umunna** is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:\n\n* [Chuka Umunna](/wiki/Chuka_Umunna \"Chuka Umunna\") (born 1978\\), British politician\n* [Glory Umunna](/wiki/Glory_Umunna \"Glory Umunna\"), Nigerian beauty pageant winner\n\n[Category:Surnames of African origin](/wiki/Category:Surnames_of_African_origin \"Surnames of African origin\")\n\n"
]
} |
2012 Wimbledon Championships – Men's doubles | {
"id": [
null
],
"name": [
"80.163.33.140"
]
} | ex1j9y8mgjp39upkeoyxyb06nuvwowq | 2023-07-08T10:12:43Z | 1,125,342,765 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Seeds",
"Qualifying",
"Draw",
"Finals",
"Top half",
"Section 1",
"Section 2",
"Bottom half",
"Section 3",
"Section 4",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
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2,
2,
2,
3,
3,
4,
4,
3,
4,
4,
2,
2
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"content": [
"\n\n[Bob](/wiki/Bob_Bryan \"Bob Bryan\") and [Mike Bryan](/wiki/Mike_Bryan \"Mike Bryan\") were the defending champions, but lost in the semifinals to [Jonathan Marray](/wiki/Jonathan_Marray \"Jonathan Marray\") and [Frederik Nielsen](/wiki/Frederik_Nielsen \"Frederik Nielsen\").\n\nMarray and Nielsen defeated [Robert Lindstedt](/wiki/Robert_Lindstedt \"Robert Lindstedt\") and [Horia Tecău](/wiki/Horia_Tec%C4%83u \"Horia Tecău\") in the final, 4–6, 6–4, 7–6(7–5\\), 6–7(5–7\\), 6–3 to win the gentlemen's doubles title at the 2012 Wimbledon Championships. Marray became the first British player to win the men's doubles title at Wimbledon since [Pat Hughes](/wiki/Pat_Hughes_%28tennis%29 \"Pat Hughes (tennis)\") and [Raymond Tuckey](/wiki/Raymond_Tuckey \"Raymond Tuckey\") in [1936](/wiki/1936_Wimbledon_Championships_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_Doubles \"1936 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Doubles\"). At the time, Nielsen was only the second [Danish](/wiki/Denmark \"Denmark\") winner of a Grand Slam title, following his own grandfather, [Kurt Nielsen](/wiki/Kurt_Nielsen \"Kurt Nielsen\"), who won the mixed doubles at the [1957 U.S. National Championships](/wiki/1957_U.S._National_Championships_%28tennis%29 \"1957 U.S. National Championships (tennis)\").\n\n",
"Seeds\n-----\n\n [Max Mirnyi](/wiki/Max_Mirnyi \"Max Mirnyi\") / [Daniel Nestor](/wiki/Daniel_Nestor \"Daniel Nestor\") *(second round)*\n [Bob Bryan](/wiki/Bob_Bryan \"Bob Bryan\") / [Mike Bryan](/wiki/Mike_Bryan \"Mike Bryan\") *(semifinals)*\n [Mariusz Fyrstenberg](/wiki/Mariusz_Fyrstenberg \"Mariusz Fyrstenberg\") / [Marcin Matkowski](/wiki/Marcin_Matkowski \"Marcin Matkowski\") *(first round)*\n [Leander Paes](/wiki/Leander_Paes \"Leander Paes\") / [Radek Štěpánek](/wiki/Radek_%C5%A0t%C4%9Bp%C3%A1nek \"Radek Štěpánek\") *(third round)*\n [Robert Lindstedt](/wiki/Robert_Lindstedt \"Robert Lindstedt\") / [Horia Tecău](/wiki/Horia_Tec%C4%83u \"Horia Tecău\") *(final)*\n [Alexander Peya](/wiki/Alexander_Peya \"Alexander Peya\") / [Nenad Zimonjić](/wiki/Nenad_Zimonji%C4%87 \"Nenad Zimonjić\") *(first round)*\n [Mahesh Bhupathi](/wiki/Mahesh_Bhupathi \"Mahesh Bhupathi\") / [Rohan Bopanna](/wiki/Rohan_Bopanna \"Rohan Bopanna\") *(second round)*\n [Aisam\\-ul\\-Haq Qureshi](/wiki/Aisam-ul-Haq_Qureshi \"Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi\") / [Jean\\-Julien Rojer](/wiki/Jean-Julien_Rojer \"Jean-Julien Rojer\") *(third round)*\n [Marcel Granollers](/wiki/Marcel_Granollers \"Marcel Granollers\") / [Marc López](/wiki/Marc_L%C3%B3pez \"Marc López\") *(first round)*\n [Jürgen Melzer](/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Melzer \"Jürgen Melzer\") / [Philipp Petzschner](/wiki/Philipp_Petzschner \"Philipp Petzschner\") *(semifinals)*\n [František Čermák](/wiki/Franti%C5%A1ek_%C4%8Cerm%C3%A1k \"František Čermák\") / [Filip Polášek](/wiki/Filip_Pol%C3%A1%C5%A1ek \"Filip Polášek\") *(first round)*\n [Santiago González](/wiki/Santiago_Gonz%C3%A1lez_%28tennis%29 \"Santiago González (tennis)\") / [Christopher Kas](/wiki/Christopher_Kas \"Christopher Kas\") *(second round)*\n [Colin Fleming](/wiki/Colin_Fleming \"Colin Fleming\") / [Ross Hutchins](/wiki/Ross_Hutchins \"Ross Hutchins\") *(first round)*\n [Eric Butorac](/wiki/Eric_Butorac \"Eric Butorac\") / [Jamie Murray](/wiki/Jamie_Murray \"Jamie Murray\") *(second round)*\n [Ivan Dodig](/wiki/Ivan_Dodig \"Ivan Dodig\") / [Marcelo Melo](/wiki/Marcelo_Melo \"Marcelo Melo\") *(quarterfinals)*\n [André Sá](/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_S%C3%A1 \"André Sá\") / [Bruno Soares](/wiki/Bruno_Soares \"Bruno Soares\") *(second round)*\n\n",
"Qualifying\n----------\n\n",
"Draw\n----\n\n### Finals\n\n### Top half\n\n#### Section 1\n\n#### Section 2\n\n### Bottom half\n\n#### Section 3\n\n#### Section 4\n\n",
"### Finals\n\n",
"### Top half\n\n#### Section 1\n\n#### Section 2\n\n",
"#### Section 1\n\n",
"#### Section 2\n\n",
"### Bottom half\n\n#### Section 3\n\n#### Section 4\n\n",
"#### Section 3\n\n",
"#### Section 4\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [2012 Wimbledon Championships – Men's draws and results](https://www.itftennis.com/en/tournament/wimbledon/gbr/2012/m-sl-gbr-01a-2012/draws-and-results/) at the [International Tennis Federation](/wiki/International_Tennis_Federation \"International Tennis Federation\")\n\n[Men's Doubles](/wiki/Category:2012_Wimbledon_Championships \"2012 Wimbledon Championships\")\n[Category:Wimbledon Championship by year – Men's doubles](/wiki/Category:Wimbledon_Championship_by_year_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_doubles \"Wimbledon Championship by year – Men's doubles\")\n\n"
]
} |
Durak Zenan-e Sofla | {
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20483999
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"name": [
"Monkbot"
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} | 5d83eas9arwpvqnsmuvbnpidmqcv5ff | 2024-10-21T07:07:28Z | 1,021,382,845 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Durak Zenan\\-e Sofla** (, also [Romanized](/wiki/Romanize \"Romanize\") as **Dūrak Zenān\\-e Soflá**) is a village in [Holayjan Rural District](/wiki/Holayjan_Rural_District \"Holayjan Rural District\"), in the [Central District](/wiki/Central_District_%28Izeh_County%29 \"Central District (Izeh County)\") of [Izeh County](/wiki/Izeh_County \"Izeh County\"), [Khuzestan Province](/wiki/Khuzestan_Province \"Khuzestan Province\"), [Iran](/wiki/Iran \"Iran\"). At the 2006 census, its population was 188, in 37 families.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Populated places in Izeh County](/wiki/Category:Populated_places_in_Izeh_County \"Populated places in Izeh County\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Fred Sommers | {
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12602014
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"name": [
"Suite1408"
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} | 9vhxw3nadlelyz9x60gkcxzgegfc2dq | 2024-09-18T03:12:18Z | 1,220,040,554 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Birth and education",
"Career",
"Bibliography",
"Notes",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Frederic Tamler Sommers** (January 1, 1923 – October 2, 2014\\), better known as **Fred Sommers**, was an American philosopher who, after an initial focus on [ontology](/wiki/Ontology \"Ontology\") generally, turned his attention specifically to a revival of [classical logic](/wiki/Classical_logic \"Classical logic\"). He is the father of the philosopher [Tamler Sommers](/wiki/Tamler_Sommers \"Tamler Sommers\").\n\n",
"Birth and education\n-------------------\n\nSommers was born in [New York City](/wiki/New_York_City \"New York City\") on January 1, 1923\\.*The Dictionary Of Modern American Philosophers*, Thoemmes, 2005, p. 2281\\. His family was Jewish and he studied under Rabbi Joseph Soloveitchik in the 1950s. He received his BA and PhD in philosophy at [Columbia University](/wiki/Columbia_University \"Columbia University\"), his dissertation being entitled *An Empiricist Ontology: A Study in the Metaphysics of [Alfred North Whitehead](/wiki/Alfred_North_Whitehead \"Alfred North Whitehead\").*\n\n",
"Career\n------\n\nSommers began his academic career at [Columbia University](/wiki/Columbia_University \"Columbia University\"),*The Old New Logic: Essays on the Philosophy of Fred Sommers*, MIT Press 2005, p. 1\\. where he was assistant professor of philosophy from 1955 to 1963\\. He was invited to [Brandeis University](/wiki/Brandeis_University \"Brandeis University\") in 1964 as an associate professor of philosophy and was promoted to full professor in 1966\\. From 1965 until his retirement, he held the [Harry Austryn Wolfson](/wiki/Harry_Austryn_Wolfson \"Harry Austryn Wolfson\") Chair of Philosophy; from 1993 until his death he was Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at Brandeis. He died aged 91 in 2014\\.[In Memoriam: Fred Sommers (1923\\-2014\\)](http://leiterreports.typepad.com/blog/2014/10/in-memoriam-fred-sommers-1923-2014.html)\n\n",
"Bibliography\n------------\n\n* *An Empiricist Ontology. A Study in the Metaphysics of Alfred North Whitehead*, Columbia University, 1955 (unpublished Ph.D. thesis)\n* *The Logic of Natural Language*, Oxford University Press, 1984\\. \n* *An Invitation to Formal Reasoning*, with George Englebretsen and Harry A. Wolfson. Ashgate, 2000\\. \n* *Vice and Virtue in Everyday Life: Introductory Readings in Ethics*, with [Christina Hoff Sommers](/wiki/Christina_Hoff_Sommers \"Christina Hoff Sommers\"). Harcourt Brace, 1989\\. 9th edition: \n",
"Notes\n-----\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n* Englebretsen, George. *Three Logicians. Aristotle, Leibniz, Sommers*, Van Gorcum Ltd, 1981\\. \n* Englebretsen, George. *The New Syllogistic*, New York, Peter Lang, 1987\\. \n* Englebretsen, George. *Essays on the Philosophy of Fred Sommers: In Logical Terms*, Edwin Mellen Pr, 1990\\. \n* Oderberg, David S. *The Old New Logic: Essays on the Philosophy of Fred Sommers*, MIT Press 2005\\. \n* Shook, John R., *The Dictionary of Modern American Philosophers*, Thoemmes, 2005\\. \n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Fred Sommers on the Logic of Natural Language](https://www.ontology.co/sommersf.htm)\n* [Annotated Bibliography of Fred Sommers](https://www.ontology.co/biblio/sommers-biblio.htm)\n\n[Category:1923 births](/wiki/Category:1923_births \"1923 births\")\n[Category:2014 deaths](/wiki/Category:2014_deaths \"2014 deaths\")\n[Category:American male non\\-fiction writers](/wiki/Category:American_male_non-fiction_writers \"American male non-fiction writers\")\n[Category:American logicians](/wiki/Category:American_logicians \"American logicians\")\n[Category:Jewish American non\\-fiction writers](/wiki/Category:Jewish_American_non-fiction_writers \"Jewish American non-fiction writers\")\n[Category:Jewish philosophers](/wiki/Category:Jewish_philosophers \"Jewish philosophers\")\n[Category:Ontologists](/wiki/Category:Ontologists \"Ontologists\")\n[Category:20th\\-century American non\\-fiction writers](/wiki/Category:20th-century_American_non-fiction_writers \"20th-century American non-fiction writers\")\n[Category:20th\\-century American philosophers](/wiki/Category:20th-century_American_philosophers \"20th-century American philosophers\")\n[Category:21st\\-century American philosophers](/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_philosophers \"21st-century American philosophers\")\n[Category:Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary semikhah recipients](/wiki/Category:Rabbi_Isaac_Elchanan_Theological_Seminary_semikhah_recipients \"Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary semikhah recipients\")\n[Category:Columbia College (New York) alumni](/wiki/Category:Columbia_College_%28New_York%29_alumni \"Columbia College (New York) alumni\")\n[Category:Columbia University faculty](/wiki/Category:Columbia_University_faculty \"Columbia University faculty\")\n[Category:Brandeis University faculty](/wiki/Category:Brandeis_University_faculty \"Brandeis University faculty\")\n[Category:Writers from New York City](/wiki/Category:Writers_from_New_York_City \"Writers from New York City\")\n[Category:Mathematicians from New York (state)](/wiki/Category:Mathematicians_from_New_York_%28state%29 \"Mathematicians from New York (state)\")\n[Category:20th\\-century American male writers](/wiki/Category:20th-century_American_male_writers \"20th-century American male writers\")\n[Category:Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni](/wiki/Category:Columbia_Graduate_School_of_Arts_and_Sciences_alumni \"Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni\")\n\n"
]
} |
Cecilio Guzmán de Rojas | {
"id": [
57939
],
"name": [
"Beland"
]
} | lugbgtjrupa3xsw929d9mg6k620m2iv | 2024-06-06T06:38:33Z | 1,211,331,666 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Life",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n* + \n\n**Cecilio Guzmán de Rojas** (24 October 1899 – 14 February 1950\\) was a [Bolivian](/wiki/Bolivia \"Bolivia\") [painter](/wiki/Painting \"Painting\") who was a leader of the indigenous art movement during the first half of the 20th century.\n\n",
"Life\n----\n\nHe was born in Potosí and died, committing suicide, in La Paz. He was a student of Avelino Nogales and [Julio Romero de Torres](/wiki/Julio_Romero_de_Torres \"Julio Romero de Torres\").\n\nHe was the father of the noted scientist and linguist [Iván Guzmán de Rojas](/wiki/Iv%C3%A1n_Guzm%C3%A1n_de_Rojas \"Iván Guzmán de Rojas\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1899 births](/wiki/Category:1899_births \"1899 births\")\n[Category:1950 suicides](/wiki/Category:1950_suicides \"1950 suicides\")\n[Category:Bolivian painters](/wiki/Category:Bolivian_painters \"Bolivian painters\")\n[Category:Suicides in Bolivia](/wiki/Category:Suicides_in_Bolivia \"Suicides in Bolivia\")\n[Category:20th\\-century Bolivian male artists](/wiki/Category:20th-century_Bolivian_male_artists \"20th-century Bolivian male artists\")\n[Category:20th\\-century Bolivian painters](/wiki/Category:20th-century_Bolivian_painters \"20th-century Bolivian painters\")\n[Category:1950 deaths](/wiki/Category:1950_deaths \"1950 deaths\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Tuvalu Games | {
"id": [
47460482
],
"name": [
"Saffron42"
]
} | nf8h2r5yk59zmuhf1elnwwroi0xfhzx | 2024-03-07T19:34:29Z | 1,184,074,166 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"Competing Islands",
"Sports",
"Football at the Tuvalu Games",
"History",
"Men's tournament",
"Results",
"Number of Pacific Games titles",
"Women's tournament",
"Results",
"Number of titles",
"Men's B teams tournament",
"Results",
"Number of titles: B teams",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
3,
3,
4,
4,
3,
4,
4,
3,
4,
4,
2
],
"content": [
"The **Tuvalu Games** is a [multi\\-sport event](/wiki/Multi-sport_event \"Multi-sport event\"), much like the [Pacific Games](/wiki/Pacific_Games \"Pacific Games\") (although on a much smaller scale), with participation exclusively from islands around [Tuvalu](/wiki/Tuvalu \"Tuvalu\").\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nThe Games began in 2008, hosted in the capital, [Funafuti](/wiki/Funafuti \"Funafuti\").\n\nAll 8 islands can participate and compete between each island in events such as track and field events, football, badminton and other games.\n\nIn 2011 the Tuvalu Games were held in Funafuti from April 26th to April 30th. [Nukufetau](/wiki/Nukufetau \"Nukufetau\") won the most medals.\n\n",
"Competing Islands\n-----------------\n\n* [Funafuti](/wiki/Funafuti \"Funafuti\")\n* [Vaitupu](/wiki/Vaitupu \"Vaitupu\")\n* [Nukufetau](/wiki/Nukufetau \"Nukufetau\")\n* [Nukulaelae](/wiki/Nukulaelae \"Nukulaelae\")\n* [Nanumea](/wiki/Nanumea \"Nanumea\")\n* [Niutao](/wiki/Niutao \"Niutao\")\n* [Nanumanga](/wiki/Nanumanga \"Nanumanga\")\n* [Nui](/wiki/Nui_%28atoll%29 \"Nui (atoll)\")\n",
"Sports\n------\n\n* [Association football](/wiki/Association_football \"Association football\")\n* [Athletics](/wiki/Athletics_%28sport%29 \"Athletics (sport)\")\n* [Badminton](/wiki/Badminton \"Badminton\")\n* [Canoeing](/wiki/Canoeing \"Canoeing\")\n* [Rugby Sevens](/wiki/Rugby_Sevens \"Rugby Sevens\")\n* [Tennis](/wiki/Tennis \"Tennis\")\n* [Volleyball](/wiki/Volleyball \"Volleyball\")\n",
"",
"### History\n\n \nThe tournament began in the 2008 season. The first champions were [FC Manu Laeva](/wiki/FC_Manu_Laeva \"FC Manu Laeva\").\n\nThe 2013 champions were [FC Tofaga](/wiki/FC_Tofaga \"FC Tofaga\"); winning the final against Nauti 1–0, with [Etimoni Timuani](/wiki/Etimoni_Timuani_%28footballer%29 \"Etimoni Timuani (footballer)\") scoring the only goal.\n\n",
"",
"#### Results\n\n| Year | Winner | Runner\\-up | Score |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 2008 | **[FC Manu Laeva](/wiki/FC_Manu_Laeva \"FC Manu Laeva\")** | [Lakena United](/wiki/Lakena_United \"Lakena United\") | 1–0 |\n| 2009 | **[FC Manu Laeva](/wiki/FC_Manu_Laeva \"FC Manu Laeva\")** | [FC Tofaga](/wiki/FC_Tofaga \"FC Tofaga\") | 3–1 |\n| 2010 | **[FC Tofaga](/wiki/FC_Tofaga \"FC Tofaga\")** | [Nauti FC](/wiki/Nauti_FC \"Nauti FC\") | 2–1 |\n| 2011 | **[FC Manu Laeva](/wiki/FC_Manu_Laeva \"FC Manu Laeva\")** | [FC Tofaga](/wiki/FC_Tofaga \"FC Tofaga\") | 3–1 |\n| 2012 | **[FC Tofaga](/wiki/FC_Tofaga \"FC Tofaga\")** | [Tamanuku](/wiki/Tamanuku \"Tamanuku\") | 2–1 |\n| 2013 | **[FC Tofaga](/wiki/FC_Tofaga \"FC Tofaga\")** | [Nauti FC](/wiki/Nauti_FC \"Nauti FC\") | 1–0 |\n| 2014 | **[FC Manu Laeva](/wiki/FC_Manu_Laeva \"FC Manu Laeva\")** | [Ha'apai United](/wiki/FC_Nanumaga \"FC Nanumaga\") | 2–0 |\n| 2015 | *Not held* | | |\n| 2016 (Mini Games) | **[FC Manu Laeva](/wiki/FC_Manu_Laeva \"FC Manu Laeva\")** | [FC Tofaga](/wiki/FC_Tofaga \"FC Tofaga\") | 3\\-1 |\n| 2017 | **[FC Manu Laeva](/wiki/FC_Manu_Laeva \"FC Manu Laeva\")** | [Nauti FC](/wiki/Nauti_FC \"Nauti FC\") | 1\\-0 |\n| 2018\\-2020 | *Not held* | | |\n\n",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"References\n----------\n\n \n\n[Category:Multi\\-sport events in Oceania](/wiki/Category:Multi-sport_events_in_Oceania \"Multi-sport events in Oceania\")\n[Category:Sports competitions in Tuvalu](/wiki/Category:Sports_competitions_in_Tuvalu \"Sports competitions in Tuvalu\")\n[Category:Recurring sporting events established in 2008](/wiki/Category:Recurring_sporting_events_established_in_2008 \"Recurring sporting events established in 2008\")\n[Category:2008 establishments in Tuvalu](/wiki/Category:2008_establishments_in_Tuvalu \"2008 establishments in Tuvalu\")\n[Category:National multi\\-sport events](/wiki/Category:National_multi-sport_events \"National multi-sport events\")\n\n"
]
} |
Quebracho Herrado, Argentina | {
"id": [
8713122
],
"name": [
"Cyfraw"
]
} | qjutyk0etsthb0mc479kdu0qgsh9asi | 2023-11-06T21:12:59Z | 1,056,520,094 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Climate",
"History",
"Economy",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n**Quebracho Herrado** is a small community in [San Justo Department](/wiki/San_Justo_Department%2C_C%C3%B3rdoba \"San Justo Department, Córdoba\") of [Córdoba Province, Argentina](/wiki/C%C3%B3rdoba_Province%2C_Argentina \"Córdoba Province, Argentina\"). It was the location of the famous [Battle of Quebracho Herrado](/wiki/Battle_of_Quebracho_Herrado \"Battle of Quebracho Herrado\") in 1840 during the civil wars. The town has about 317 inhabitants. It is about from the city of [Córdoba](/wiki/C%C3%B3rdoba%2C_Argentina \"Córdoba, Argentina\")\n\n",
"Climate\n-------\n\nThe climate is temperate with a dry season, registering an average annual temperature of . \nWinter temperatures may fall below and summer temperatures may rise above . \nAnnual rainfall is about .\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nIn the early nineteenth century, among the grasslands and thorn bushes that covered the interior of Argentina, there was a grove of [quebracho trees](/wiki/Quebracho_tree \"Quebracho tree\") (*[Schinopsis lorentzii](/wiki/Schinopsis_lorentzii \"Schinopsis lorentzii\")*) beside the cart track linking Córdoba to [Santa Fe Province](/wiki/Santa_Fe_Province \"Santa Fe Province\"). A horseshoe was nailed to the trunk of the highest, which define the boundary between the provinces of Córdoba and Santa Fe. The name *Quebracho Herrado* refers to this tree, meaning \"shod quebracho\".\n\nIn 1816 the Buenos Aires government established a fort here, the *Fuerte Posta de Quebracho Herrado*.\n\nOn 28 November 1840, south of the present municipality, the Battle of Quebracho Herrado was fought between a [Unitarian](/wiki/Unitarian_Party \"Unitarian Party\") army of 4,200 men led by [Juan Lavalle](/wiki/Juan_Lavalle \"Juan Lavalle\") and a [Federalist](/wiki/Federales_%28Argentina%29 \"Federales (Argentina)\") army of 6,400 led by the former President of Uruguay [Manuel Oribe](/wiki/Manuel_Oribe \"Manuel Oribe\"). The latter were victorious.\nAfter the Unitarians took power in Argentina a few years later, the site of the battle was called *Campo Lavalle*.\n\n",
"Economy\n-------\n\nThe main economic activity is agriculture followed by livestock raising.\nThe main crops are soybeans and corn. Milk production and tourism are also important in the local economy.\nThe town has a dispensary, a primary school, a police station and a community building in which most of the administrative functions are based.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n**Citations**\n\n**Sources**\n\n[Category:Populated places in Córdoba Province, Argentina](/wiki/Category:Populated_places_in_C%C3%B3rdoba_Province%2C_Argentina \"Populated places in Córdoba Province, Argentina\")\n\n"
]
} |
17 (Tokio album) | {
"id": [
2842084
],
"name": [
"Jevansen"
]
} | e4clbkd2sx925qwuc4fpn0d58oxngha | 2024-07-23T05:00:51Z | 1,124,336,790 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Track listing",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n***17*** is the twelfth studio album by Japanese band [Tokio](/wiki/Tokio_%28band%29 \"Tokio (band)\"). It was released on August 22, 2012\\. The album peaked at fifth place on the [Oricon](/wiki/Oricon \"Oricon\") weekly charts, and remained in the charts for five weeks.\n\nIt was the band's final studio album feature bassist [Tatsuya Yamaguchi](/wiki/Tatsuya_Yamaguchi_%28actor%29 \"Tatsuya Yamaguchi (actor)\").\n\n",
"Track listing\n-------------\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:2012 albums](/wiki/Category:2012_albums \"2012 albums\")\n[Category:Tokio (band) albums](/wiki/Category:Tokio_%28band%29_albums \"Tokio (band) albums\")\n[Category:2010s Japanese\\-language albums](/wiki/Category:2010s_Japanese-language_albums \"2010s Japanese-language albums\")\n\n"
]
} |
British Society for Parasitology | {
"id": [
44193948
],
"name": [
"CambrianCrab"
]
} | dx7kp9ztsy5v8yi095v4sud1x99xul8 | 2024-06-05T18:58:13Z | 1,123,367,565 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"The **British Society for Parasitology** is a [UK](/wiki/United_Kingdom \"United Kingdom\")\\-based organisation of British [parasitologists](/wiki/Parasitologist \"Parasitologist\"). It was founded in April 1962 from the Parasitological Section of the [Institute of Biology](/wiki/Institute_of_Biology \"Institute of Biology\"). The initial goals of the society were to hold two meetings yearly: a residential meeting in the spring, and a specialist [symposium](/wiki/Symposium \"Symposium\") in the autumn. As of 2012, the society has over 1500 members, about a third of whom are from overseas locations. The society is affiliated to the [Royal Society of Biology](/wiki/Royal_Society_of_Biology \"Royal Society of Biology\")\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Official website](https://web.archive.org/web/20121110065844/http://www.bsp.uk.net/home/)\n\n \n\n[Category:British biology societies](/wiki/Category:British_biology_societies \"British biology societies\")\n[Category:Microbiology societies](/wiki/Category:Microbiology_societies \"Microbiology societies\")\n[Category:Parasitology](/wiki/Category:Parasitology \"Parasitology\")\n[Category:Scientific organizations established in 1962](/wiki/Category:Scientific_organizations_established_in_1962 \"Scientific organizations established in 1962\")\n[Category:1962 establishments in the United Kingdom](/wiki/Category:1962_establishments_in_the_United_Kingdom \"1962 establishments in the United Kingdom\")\n\n"
]
} |
Douglas Bostock | {
"id": [
2842084
],
"name": [
"Jevansen"
]
} | g5ptlqv7uexooq0u78gngks7854ibuc | 2024-07-24T04:24:27Z | 1,236,333,289 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Education",
"Career",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Douglas Bostock** (born 1955\\) is a British classical music [conductor](/wiki/Conducting \"Conducting\").\n\n",
"Education\n---------\n\n**Douglas Bostock** was born in [Cheshire](/wiki/Cheshire \"Cheshire\"), England. He was educated at [Sheffield University](/wiki/Sheffield_University \"Sheffield University\") and in [London](/wiki/London \"London\") with Sir [Adrian Boult](/wiki/Adrian_Boult \"Adrian Boult\"). He was one of the last private pupils of [Adrian Boult](/wiki/Adrian_Boult \"Adrian Boult\") during his final years.\n\n",
"Career\n------\n\nDouglas Bostock is currently the Principal Conductor of the [Aargau Symphony Orchestra](/wiki/Aargau_Symphony_Orchestra \"Aargau Symphony Orchestra\") in [Switzerland](/wiki/Switzerland \"Switzerland\") and Principal Guest Conductor of [Czech Chamber Philharmonic](/wiki/Czech_Chamber_Philharmonic \"Czech Chamber Philharmonic\"). He was the Principal Conductor of [Tokyo Kosei Wind Orchestra](/wiki/Tokyo_Kosei_Wind_Orchestra \"Tokyo Kosei Wind Orchestra\") from 2000 to 2006\\.\n\nHe was Music Director and Principal Conductor of the [Carlsbad Symphony Orchestra](/wiki/Carlsbad_Symphony_Orchestra \"Carlsbad Symphony Orchestra\") in the [Czech Republic](/wiki/Czech_Republic \"Czech Republic\")\nfrom 1991 to 1998\\. He has served as the Principal Guest Conductor of the Czech Chamber Philharmonic (1992 to 2009\\) and the [Munich Symphony Orchestra](/wiki/Munich_Symphony_Orchestra \"Munich Symphony Orchestra\") (1999 to 2006\\). Since 2003, he has been Music Director of the [Hallwyl Opera Festival](/wiki/Hallwyl_Opera_Festival \"Hallwyl Opera Festival\") in [Switzerland](/wiki/Switzerland \"Switzerland\").\n\nIn April 2012, Maestro Bostock took up the position as Guest Professor and Conductor at the [Tokyo University of the Arts](/wiki/Tokyo_University_of_the_Arts \"Tokyo University of the Arts\"). He was invited to conduct a concert with the [Geidai Symphony Orchestra](/wiki/Geidai_Symphony_Orchestra \"Geidai Symphony Orchestra\") in the presence of the Emperor and Empress of Japan for the third time.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Douglas BOSTOCK ｜ ARTISTS ｜ AMATI Inc.:](https://web.archive.org/web/20150707115902/http://amati-tokyo.com/english/artist/douglas-bostock.html)\n* [Singapore International Band Festival 2010: \\- Adjudicators \\- Douglas Bostock](https://web.archive.org/web/20090425134049/http://www.sibf.sg/Competition-Information/Adjudicators-douglas.html)\n\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:English male conductors (music)](/wiki/Category:English_male_conductors_%28music%29 \"English male conductors (music)\")\n[Category:1955 births](/wiki/Category:1955_births \"1955 births\")\n[Category:21st\\-century British conductors (music)](/wiki/Category:21st-century_British_conductors_%28music%29 \"21st-century British conductors (music)\")\n[Category:21st\\-century English male musicians](/wiki/Category:21st-century_English_male_musicians \"21st-century English male musicians\")\n[Category:20th\\-century British conductors (music)](/wiki/Category:20th-century_British_conductors_%28music%29 \"20th-century British conductors (music)\")\n[Category:20th\\-century English male musicians](/wiki/Category:20th-century_English_male_musicians \"20th-century English male musicians\")\n[Category:Musicians from Cheshire](/wiki/Category:Musicians_from_Cheshire \"Musicians from Cheshire\")\n\n"
]
} |
Benjamin Bennett | {
"id": [
7098284
],
"name": [
"Tassedethe"
]
} | d86hifch3dwic4pxdkt17qn1hvnvn9b | 2022-09-25T20:30:06Z | 869,314,570 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Benjamin Bennett",
"See also"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"**Benjamin Bennett** may refer to:\n* [Benjamin Bennett (governor)](/wiki/Benjamin_Bennett_%28governor%29 \"Benjamin Bennett (governor)\"), Governor of Bermuda, 1701–1713\n* [Benjamin Bennett (politician)](/wiki/Benjamin_Bennett_%28politician%29 \"Benjamin Bennett (politician)\") (1872–1939\\), Australian politician\n* [Benjamin Bennett (writer)](/wiki/Benjamin_Bennett_%28writer%29 \"Benjamin Bennett (writer)\") (1904–1985\\), South African crime writer\n* Benjamin Bennett, an artist who performs *[Sitting and Smiling](/wiki/Sitting_and_Smiling \"Sitting and Smiling\")*\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Benjamin Bennet (disambiguation)](/wiki/Benjamin_Bennet_%28disambiguation%29 \"Benjamin Bennet (disambiguation)\")\n\n"
]
} |
Beth Greene | {
"id": [
861759
],
"name": [
"BOZ"
]
} | jnqbc1rn40cc6wfrf5d83ikjm9iwz70 | 2024-09-19T03:28:20Z | 1,246,455,291 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Appearances",
"Season 2",
"Season 3",
"Season 4",
"Season 5",
"Season 7",
"Season 9",
"Season 10",
"Season 11",
"''The Walking Dead: Dead City''",
"Season 1",
"In other media",
"Development and reception",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
4,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Beth Greene** is a fictional character from the American [horror](/wiki/Horror_fiction \"Horror fiction\") [drama](/wiki/Drama \"Drama\") television series *[The Walking Dead](/wiki/The_Walking_Dead_%28TV_series%29 \"The Walking Dead (TV series)\")*, created by season two showrunner [Glen Mazzara](/wiki/Glen_Mazzara \"Glen Mazzara\"), and was portrayed by [Emily Kinney](/wiki/Emily_Kinney \"Emily Kinney\"). She is the daughter of veterinarian and farmer [Hershel Greene](/wiki/Hershel_Greene \"Hershel Greene\") and the younger half\\-sister of [Maggie](/wiki/Maggie_Greene \"Maggie Greene\"). Unlike the majority of the series' cast of characters, Beth has no specific counterpart in the [comic book series](/wiki/The_Walking_Dead_%28comic_book%29 \"The Walking Dead (comic book)\") on which the show is based.\n\nDescribed as a source of optimism and hope for the group, often singing to help boost morale, Beth is soft\\-spoken and a devout [Christian](/wiki/Christians \"Christians\") teenager. After the loss of her mother, Beth attempts suicide but ultimately chooses to live. During the initial outbreak and beyond, Beth is a sheltered girl, but is eventually forced into hard laboring survival after the downfall of the prison, a place that had been a [safe haven](/wiki/Sanctuary \"Sanctuary\"). She forms a close bond with fellow survivor and group member [Daryl Dixon](/wiki/Daryl_Dixon \"Daryl Dixon\"). Her final arc revolves around being held captive under the service of Officer [Dawn Lerner](/wiki/Dawn_Lerner \"Dawn Lerner\") in [Grady Memorial Hospital](/wiki/Grady_Memorial_Hospital \"Grady Memorial Hospital\") in [Atlanta](/wiki/Atlanta \"Atlanta\"), and the subsequent efforts of Rick's group to find and rescue her become the primary driving force behind the first half of the fifth season.\n\nBeth's character arc in the series has garnered acclaim from television critics, who praised her strong characterization, colorful story arc, and relationship with Daryl Dixon. Numerous television journalists have cited Beth Greene as one of the series' best and finest characters. Emily Kinney received a nomination from the [Saturn Awards](/wiki/Saturn_Awards \"Saturn Awards\") for \"Best Supporting Actress on Television\" in 2015 for her performance during the show's [fifth season](/wiki/The_Walking_Dead_season_5 \"The Walking Dead season 5\"), losing to fellow costar [Melissa McBride](/wiki/Melissa_McBride \"Melissa McBride\").\n\n",
"Appearances\n-----------\n\n### Season 2\n\nBeth Greene is [Hershel](/wiki/Hershel_Greene \"Hershel Greene\")'s ([Scott Wilson](/wiki/Scott_Wilson_%28actor%29 \"Scott Wilson (actor)\")) second daughter and [Maggie](/wiki/Maggie_Greene \"Maggie Greene\")'s ([Lauren Cohan](/wiki/Lauren_Cohan \"Lauren Cohan\")) younger, half\\-sister. She is introduced in the second\\-season episode \"[Bloodletting](/wiki/Bloodletting_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Bloodletting (The Walking Dead)\")\", alongside her family and boyfriend, [Jimmy](/wiki/Jimmy_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Jimmy (The Walking Dead)\") ([James Allen McCune](/wiki/James_Allen_McCune \"James Allen McCune\")) when [Rick Grimes](/wiki/Rick_Grimes \"Rick Grimes\") ([Andrew Lincoln](/wiki/Andrew_Lincoln \"Andrew Lincoln\")) and his group come to the family farm. Along with her family, she believes members of her now reanimated family to be sick, until the events of the mid\\-season finale \"[Pretty Much Dead Already](/wiki/Pretty_Much_Dead_Already \"Pretty Much Dead Already\")\" where she is forced to watch the undead her family kept in the barn get shot, and in the episode \"[Nebraska](/wiki/Nebraska_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Nebraska (The Walking Dead)\")\", her own reanimated mother being put down after attacking her. This event drives her nearly to suicide in the episode \"[18 Miles Out](/wiki/18_Miles_Out \"18 Miles Out\")\", but she decides to live. After the group are forced to leave the overrun farm in the second\\-season finale \"[Beside the Dying Fire](/wiki/Beside_the_Dying_Fire \"Beside the Dying Fire\")\", in which several of her loved ones, including her boyfriend are killed, she is forced to deal with the apocalyptic world.\n\n### Season 3\n\nBeth becomes more self\\-assured and becomes a contributing member to Rick's group. She sings to help boost morale and spreads optimism among her survivors upon finding a place to live at the prison in the third\\-season premiere \"[Seed](/wiki/Seed_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Seed (The Walking Dead)\")\". When Hershel's leg is amputated after a walker bite in the episode \"[Sick](/wiki/Sick_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Sick (The Walking Dead)\")\", Beth chides Maggie for being pessimistic about his chances of survival. Beth devotes much of her time to assisting Hershel throughout his recovery, and also becomes a caretaker for Judith after [Lori Grimes](/wiki/Lori_Grimes \"Lori Grimes\") ([Sarah Wayne Callies](/wiki/Sarah_Wayne_Callies \"Sarah Wayne Callies\"))'s death in the episode \"[Killer Within](/wiki/Killer_Within \"Killer Within\")\".\n\n### Season 4\n\nBeth has developed a relationship with one of the prison newcomers, Zach ([Kyle Gallner](/wiki/Kyle_Gallner \"Kyle Gallner\")). When he is killed in a walker attack in the season premiere \"[30 Days Without an Accident](/wiki/30_Days_Without_an_Accident \"30 Days Without an Accident\")\", she quietly accepts his fate. She opens up to fellow survivor [Daryl Dixon](/wiki/Daryl_Dixon \"Daryl Dixon\") ([Norman Reedus](/wiki/Norman_Reedus \"Norman Reedus\")) about this loss, and proclaims she doesn't cry anymore. In the episode \"[Isolation](/wiki/Isolation_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Isolation (The Walking Dead)\")\", Beth continues to attempt to repress her sadness to Maggie when the deadly virus at the prison spreads, infecting Glenn ([Steven Yeun](/wiki/Steven_Yeun \"Steven Yeun\")) and endangering Hershel, who goes to the sick ward to help. During the Governor's ([David Morrissey](/wiki/David_Morrissey \"David Morrissey\")) attack on the prison in the episode \"[Too Far Gone](/wiki/Too_Far_Gone_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Too Far Gone (The Walking Dead)\")\", Beth and Maggie watch in horror as Hershel is decapitated during the battle, then the sisters are separated and Beth flees with Daryl. In the episodes \"[Inmates](/wiki/Inmates_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Inmates (The Walking Dead)\")\" and \"[Still](/wiki/Still_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Still (The Walking Dead)\")\", Beth and Daryl travel alone together, where the two come into conflict over the likelihood of other survivors. Beth confronts Daryl on his emotional detachment, forcing him to open up and show faith in the other people who could still be alive. He begins to teach her how to use a crossbow in the episode \"[Alone](/wiki/Alone_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Alone (The Walking Dead)\")\" where the two have found a mutual respect for one another. However, this newfound bond is quickly disrupted by walkers swarming the house, forcing her to escape outside where she gets kidnapped.\n\n### Season 5\n\nBeth spends her time at [Grady Memorial Hospital](/wiki/Grady_Memorial_Hospital \"Grady Memorial Hospital\") in [Atlanta](/wiki/Atlanta \"Atlanta\"), starting with the fifth\\-season episode \"[Slabtown](/wiki/Slabtown_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Slabtown (The Walking Dead)\")\". She has been taken in by a group of police officers led by [Dawn Lerner](/wiki/Dawn_Lerner \"Dawn Lerner\") ([Christine Woods](/wiki/Christine_Woods \"Christine Woods\")). Kept against her will in a dangerous environment where she is mistreated and abused along with the other patients and wards, Beth devises a plan with Noah ([Tyler James Williams](/wiki/Tyler_James_Williams \"Tyler James Williams\")) to escape, which involves escaping through the elevator. While Noah is successful, she finds herself caught fighting walkers and is eventually disarmed by the officers who find her. Later, Dawn shows signs of respect for Beth once she takes Noah's place as her ward but Beth openly tells her that she will find another way to escape. As [Carol Peletier](/wiki/Carol_Peletier \"Carol Peletier\") ([Melissa McBride](/wiki/Melissa_McBride \"Melissa McBride\")) is wheeled into the hospital injured from a car accident in an attempt to rescue her along with Daryl, Beth devises another plan to retrieve medicine to save her life in the episode \"[Crossed](/wiki/Crossed_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Crossed (The Walking Dead)\")\". In the mid\\-season finale \"[Coda](/wiki/Coda_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Coda (The Walking Dead)\")\", a hostage exchange occurs when Rick's group, who have captured two officers, demand Beth and Carol back. The exchange runs smoothly until Dawn demands that she needs Noah back. However, the group protests. Dawn claims she needs Noah because Beth took his place and she needs him back. Noah reluctantly agrees as does the group until Beth hugs him goodbye before turning to Dawn. She tells Dawn she \"\\[gets] it now\", that her act of kindness was a masquerade in order to keep Beth under her subservient order. Beth defiantly plunges a concealed pair of surgical scissors into Dawn's shoulder, causing Dawn to reflexively shoot her in the head by accident, and in turn prompting Daryl to kill Dawn in retaliation. Daryl lifts Beth's corpse and brings her out in time to see that the other survivors have returned, which include Maggie who breaks down in tears seeing Beth killed after only finding out she was alive.\n\nIn the episode \"[What Happened and What's Going On](/wiki/What_Happened_and_What%27s_Going_On \"What Happened and What's Going On\"),\" Beth is one of the few characters to appear in Tyreese's hallucinations, caused from a loss of blood from a walker bite. Sitting behind Lizzie and Mika Samuels, she plays a guitar while singing a song, assuring Tyreese that he will be okay. In his final hallucination, Tyreese notices Beth driving the vehicle he's in, who assures him once more that everything will be okay before he dies from blood loss. In the episode \"[Forget](/wiki/Forget_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Forget (The Walking Dead)\"),\" Sasha revisits Beth's death in one of her flashbacks.\n\n### Season 7\n\nBeth is briefly remembered by Rick in several flashbacks when confronted with the idea that his friends could be killed by [Negan](/wiki/Negan \"Negan\")'s men, while also mourning the losses of [Abraham Ford](/wiki/Abraham_Ford \"Abraham Ford\") and [Glenn Rhee](/wiki/Glenn_Rhee \"Glenn Rhee\").\n\n### Season 9\n\nIn Rick's final episode \"[What Comes After](/wiki/What_Comes_After_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"What Comes After (The Walking Dead)\")\", Beth's voice is heard asking Rick, “What’s your wound?” during a lucid dream state. In a later hallucination, Beth's corpse appears alongside the corpses of Rick's friends and allies, both living and dead.\n\n### Season 10\n\nAlthough Beth does not make a physical appearance in season 10, a painting of the character can be seen in the Barrington House as part of a shrine built by Maggie in the episode \"[Morning Star](/wiki/Morning_Star_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Morning Star (The Walking Dead)\").\" In the episode \"[Home Sweet Home](/wiki/Home_Sweet_Home_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Home Sweet Home (The Walking Dead)\"),\" Maggie comforts Kelly by telling her a story about her sister, and later Daryl.\n\n### Season 11\n\nIn the episodes \"[A New Deal](/wiki/A_New_Deal \"A New Deal\")\" and \"[Outpost 22](/wiki/Outpost_22 \"Outpost 22\"),\" Beth is seen in the form of flashbacks while Judith recalls prominent stories from her friend's pasts. In the episode \"[Rest in Peace](/wiki/Rest_in_Peace_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Rest in Peace (The Walking Dead)\"),\" Beth is remembered by both Rick and Michonne Grimes when recalling both the living and the dead.\n\n### *The Walking Dead: Dead City*\n\n#### Season 1\n\nBeth appears in the form of photographs in *[The Walking Dead: Dead City](/wiki/The_Walking_Dead:Dead_City \"Dead City\")*. Several years after defeating the Commonwealth, Maggie and Negan reside in a deserted [New York](/wiki/New_York_%28state%29 \"New York (state)\"). At one point, Maggie goes through an old box consisting of photos of her family, with several of the photographs including Beth.\n\n",
"### Season 2\n\nBeth Greene is [Hershel](/wiki/Hershel_Greene \"Hershel Greene\")'s ([Scott Wilson](/wiki/Scott_Wilson_%28actor%29 \"Scott Wilson (actor)\")) second daughter and [Maggie](/wiki/Maggie_Greene \"Maggie Greene\")'s ([Lauren Cohan](/wiki/Lauren_Cohan \"Lauren Cohan\")) younger, half\\-sister. She is introduced in the second\\-season episode \"[Bloodletting](/wiki/Bloodletting_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Bloodletting (The Walking Dead)\")\", alongside her family and boyfriend, [Jimmy](/wiki/Jimmy_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Jimmy (The Walking Dead)\") ([James Allen McCune](/wiki/James_Allen_McCune \"James Allen McCune\")) when [Rick Grimes](/wiki/Rick_Grimes \"Rick Grimes\") ([Andrew Lincoln](/wiki/Andrew_Lincoln \"Andrew Lincoln\")) and his group come to the family farm. Along with her family, she believes members of her now reanimated family to be sick, until the events of the mid\\-season finale \"[Pretty Much Dead Already](/wiki/Pretty_Much_Dead_Already \"Pretty Much Dead Already\")\" where she is forced to watch the undead her family kept in the barn get shot, and in the episode \"[Nebraska](/wiki/Nebraska_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Nebraska (The Walking Dead)\")\", her own reanimated mother being put down after attacking her. This event drives her nearly to suicide in the episode \"[18 Miles Out](/wiki/18_Miles_Out \"18 Miles Out\")\", but she decides to live. After the group are forced to leave the overrun farm in the second\\-season finale \"[Beside the Dying Fire](/wiki/Beside_the_Dying_Fire \"Beside the Dying Fire\")\", in which several of her loved ones, including her boyfriend are killed, she is forced to deal with the apocalyptic world.\n\n",
"### Season 3\n\nBeth becomes more self\\-assured and becomes a contributing member to Rick's group. She sings to help boost morale and spreads optimism among her survivors upon finding a place to live at the prison in the third\\-season premiere \"[Seed](/wiki/Seed_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Seed (The Walking Dead)\")\". When Hershel's leg is amputated after a walker bite in the episode \"[Sick](/wiki/Sick_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Sick (The Walking Dead)\")\", Beth chides Maggie for being pessimistic about his chances of survival. Beth devotes much of her time to assisting Hershel throughout his recovery, and also becomes a caretaker for Judith after [Lori Grimes](/wiki/Lori_Grimes \"Lori Grimes\") ([Sarah Wayne Callies](/wiki/Sarah_Wayne_Callies \"Sarah Wayne Callies\"))'s death in the episode \"[Killer Within](/wiki/Killer_Within \"Killer Within\")\".\n\n",
"### Season 4\n\nBeth has developed a relationship with one of the prison newcomers, Zach ([Kyle Gallner](/wiki/Kyle_Gallner \"Kyle Gallner\")). When he is killed in a walker attack in the season premiere \"[30 Days Without an Accident](/wiki/30_Days_Without_an_Accident \"30 Days Without an Accident\")\", she quietly accepts his fate. She opens up to fellow survivor [Daryl Dixon](/wiki/Daryl_Dixon \"Daryl Dixon\") ([Norman Reedus](/wiki/Norman_Reedus \"Norman Reedus\")) about this loss, and proclaims she doesn't cry anymore. In the episode \"[Isolation](/wiki/Isolation_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Isolation (The Walking Dead)\")\", Beth continues to attempt to repress her sadness to Maggie when the deadly virus at the prison spreads, infecting Glenn ([Steven Yeun](/wiki/Steven_Yeun \"Steven Yeun\")) and endangering Hershel, who goes to the sick ward to help. During the Governor's ([David Morrissey](/wiki/David_Morrissey \"David Morrissey\")) attack on the prison in the episode \"[Too Far Gone](/wiki/Too_Far_Gone_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Too Far Gone (The Walking Dead)\")\", Beth and Maggie watch in horror as Hershel is decapitated during the battle, then the sisters are separated and Beth flees with Daryl. In the episodes \"[Inmates](/wiki/Inmates_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Inmates (The Walking Dead)\")\" and \"[Still](/wiki/Still_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Still (The Walking Dead)\")\", Beth and Daryl travel alone together, where the two come into conflict over the likelihood of other survivors. Beth confronts Daryl on his emotional detachment, forcing him to open up and show faith in the other people who could still be alive. He begins to teach her how to use a crossbow in the episode \"[Alone](/wiki/Alone_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Alone (The Walking Dead)\")\" where the two have found a mutual respect for one another. However, this newfound bond is quickly disrupted by walkers swarming the house, forcing her to escape outside where she gets kidnapped.\n\n",
"### Season 5\n\nBeth spends her time at [Grady Memorial Hospital](/wiki/Grady_Memorial_Hospital \"Grady Memorial Hospital\") in [Atlanta](/wiki/Atlanta \"Atlanta\"), starting with the fifth\\-season episode \"[Slabtown](/wiki/Slabtown_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Slabtown (The Walking Dead)\")\". She has been taken in by a group of police officers led by [Dawn Lerner](/wiki/Dawn_Lerner \"Dawn Lerner\") ([Christine Woods](/wiki/Christine_Woods \"Christine Woods\")). Kept against her will in a dangerous environment where she is mistreated and abused along with the other patients and wards, Beth devises a plan with Noah ([Tyler James Williams](/wiki/Tyler_James_Williams \"Tyler James Williams\")) to escape, which involves escaping through the elevator. While Noah is successful, she finds herself caught fighting walkers and is eventually disarmed by the officers who find her. Later, Dawn shows signs of respect for Beth once she takes Noah's place as her ward but Beth openly tells her that she will find another way to escape. As [Carol Peletier](/wiki/Carol_Peletier \"Carol Peletier\") ([Melissa McBride](/wiki/Melissa_McBride \"Melissa McBride\")) is wheeled into the hospital injured from a car accident in an attempt to rescue her along with Daryl, Beth devises another plan to retrieve medicine to save her life in the episode \"[Crossed](/wiki/Crossed_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Crossed (The Walking Dead)\")\". In the mid\\-season finale \"[Coda](/wiki/Coda_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Coda (The Walking Dead)\")\", a hostage exchange occurs when Rick's group, who have captured two officers, demand Beth and Carol back. The exchange runs smoothly until Dawn demands that she needs Noah back. However, the group protests. Dawn claims she needs Noah because Beth took his place and she needs him back. Noah reluctantly agrees as does the group until Beth hugs him goodbye before turning to Dawn. She tells Dawn she \"\\[gets] it now\", that her act of kindness was a masquerade in order to keep Beth under her subservient order. Beth defiantly plunges a concealed pair of surgical scissors into Dawn's shoulder, causing Dawn to reflexively shoot her in the head by accident, and in turn prompting Daryl to kill Dawn in retaliation. Daryl lifts Beth's corpse and brings her out in time to see that the other survivors have returned, which include Maggie who breaks down in tears seeing Beth killed after only finding out she was alive.\n\nIn the episode \"[What Happened and What's Going On](/wiki/What_Happened_and_What%27s_Going_On \"What Happened and What's Going On\"),\" Beth is one of the few characters to appear in Tyreese's hallucinations, caused from a loss of blood from a walker bite. Sitting behind Lizzie and Mika Samuels, she plays a guitar while singing a song, assuring Tyreese that he will be okay. In his final hallucination, Tyreese notices Beth driving the vehicle he's in, who assures him once more that everything will be okay before he dies from blood loss. In the episode \"[Forget](/wiki/Forget_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Forget (The Walking Dead)\"),\" Sasha revisits Beth's death in one of her flashbacks.\n\n",
"### Season 7\n\nBeth is briefly remembered by Rick in several flashbacks when confronted with the idea that his friends could be killed by [Negan](/wiki/Negan \"Negan\")'s men, while also mourning the losses of [Abraham Ford](/wiki/Abraham_Ford \"Abraham Ford\") and [Glenn Rhee](/wiki/Glenn_Rhee \"Glenn Rhee\").\n\n",
"### Season 9\n\nIn Rick's final episode \"[What Comes After](/wiki/What_Comes_After_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"What Comes After (The Walking Dead)\")\", Beth's voice is heard asking Rick, “What’s your wound?” during a lucid dream state. In a later hallucination, Beth's corpse appears alongside the corpses of Rick's friends and allies, both living and dead.\n\n",
"### Season 10\n\nAlthough Beth does not make a physical appearance in season 10, a painting of the character can be seen in the Barrington House as part of a shrine built by Maggie in the episode \"[Morning Star](/wiki/Morning_Star_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Morning Star (The Walking Dead)\").\" In the episode \"[Home Sweet Home](/wiki/Home_Sweet_Home_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Home Sweet Home (The Walking Dead)\"),\" Maggie comforts Kelly by telling her a story about her sister, and later Daryl.\n\n",
"### Season 11\n\nIn the episodes \"[A New Deal](/wiki/A_New_Deal \"A New Deal\")\" and \"[Outpost 22](/wiki/Outpost_22 \"Outpost 22\"),\" Beth is seen in the form of flashbacks while Judith recalls prominent stories from her friend's pasts. In the episode \"[Rest in Peace](/wiki/Rest_in_Peace_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Rest in Peace (The Walking Dead)\"),\" Beth is remembered by both Rick and Michonne Grimes when recalling both the living and the dead.\n\n",
"### *The Walking Dead: Dead City*\n\n#### Season 1\n\nBeth appears in the form of photographs in *[The Walking Dead: Dead City](/wiki/The_Walking_Dead:Dead_City \"Dead City\")*. Several years after defeating the Commonwealth, Maggie and Negan reside in a deserted [New York](/wiki/New_York_%28state%29 \"New York (state)\"). At one point, Maggie goes through an old box consisting of photos of her family, with several of the photographs including Beth.\n\n",
"#### Season 1\n\nBeth appears in the form of photographs in *[The Walking Dead: Dead City](/wiki/The_Walking_Dead:Dead_City \"Dead City\")*. Several years after defeating the Commonwealth, Maggie and Negan reside in a deserted [New York](/wiki/New_York_%28state%29 \"New York (state)\"). At one point, Maggie goes through an old box consisting of photos of her family, with several of the photographs including Beth.\n\n",
"In other media\n--------------\n\nBeth Greene has been featured in several spin\\-offs, video games, and other works outside *The Waking Dead* television universe. The character is featured in the 2015 mobile game *The Walking Dead: No Man's Land* as a playable character. Beth is also featured as a playable character in *The Walking Dead: Our World*, which utilities her appearance from season 4\\. Both video games use archive footage of Emily Kinney from the television series. In 2023, Beth was featured as a main character in *[The Walking Dead: Destinies](/wiki/The_Walking_Dead:Destinies \"Destinies\")*, which focuses on a retelling of the show's first four seasons. In the game, Emily Kinney reprises her role as the character. \n\nFor merchandise, several trading cards depicting the character have been released over the years, manufactured by [Topps](/wiki/Topps \"Topps\"), [Crytpozoic](/wiki/Cryptozoic_Entertainment \"Cryptozoic Entertainment\"), and Rittenhouse Archives. Based on her season 5 appearance, Beth received a collectible statue by Eaglemoss in 2015\\. In 2016, [McFarlane Toys](/wiki/McFarlane_Toys \"McFarlane Toys\") based an action figure on her appearance in the season 4 episode \"[Alone](/wiki/Alone_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Alone (The Walking Dead)\").\" A vinyl Mystery Mini figure by [Funko](/wiki/Funko \"Funko\") depicting a hospitalized and scarred Beth was released in 2016, with a rarity ratio of 1/36\\.\n\n",
"Development and reception\n-------------------------\n\n[180px\\|thumbnail\\|right\\|[Emily Kinney](/wiki/Emily_Kinney \"Emily Kinney\") (pictured in 2014\\) portrayed Beth in the TV series.Emily](/wiki/File:Emily_Kinney_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg \"Emily Kinney by Gage Skidmore.jpg\") Kinney was cast as a recurring character in Season 2 of *The Walking Dead*, where she portrayed Beth Greene. Beth is introduced as the 16\\-year\\-old sister of Maggie Greene, while Kinney was 25 years old at the time of casting. The second\\-season episode \"[18 Miles Out](/wiki/18_Miles_Out \"18 Miles Out\")\" deals with the aftermath of Beth's suicide attempt. *[IGN](/wiki/IGN \"IGN\")*'s Eric Goldman commended the development presented in the episode; \"While there's no denying that Beth was pretty much a non\\-entity until this episode, I did like a lot of her material here with Maggie—especially when Maggie said she couldn't handle another funeral and Beth told her, 'You can't avoid it,' which is of course a very sad, very true statement, given the circumstances they're in.\" Gary Roszko of *[The Huffington Post](/wiki/The_Huffington_Post \"The Huffington Post\")* affirmed that Beth's interactions with Lori were clichéd, comparing it to \"an after school anti\\-suicide special\". *[New York](/wiki/New_York_%28magazine%29 \"New York (magazine)\")* Starlee Kine was much more pessimistic about the storyline than the general consensus and assailed the melodramatic nature of it. \"We just aren’t going to care about the potential death of a character we don’t know,\" she iterated. \"Or if it refused to learn that lesson, maybe it could’ve then learned this one: We are very tired of watching survivors of a still undefined and non\\-wondered\\-about apocalypse talk other survivors into not giving up.\"\n\nAfter being on the show for two years, Kinney received a promotion to series regular for season 4, along with [Chad Coleman](/wiki/Chad_Coleman \"Chad Coleman\") and [Sonequa Martin\\-Green](/wiki/Sonequa_Martin-Green \"Sonequa Martin-Green\"). The fourth\\-season episode \"[Still](/wiki/Still_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Still (The Walking Dead)\"),\" which focuses only on Beth and Daryl, garnered praise in particular from television commentators, with viewers of the series having [shipped](/wiki/Shipping_%28fandom%29 \"Shipping (fandom)\") Beth and Daryl as a couple. Writing for IGN, Roth Cornet commended the \"Still\" episode, stating that \"Daryl and Beth revealed themselves to be more perfect a fit than any of the other combinations\" and that \"\\[t]hey brought out a raw honesty in one another that yielded what were some of the most grounded and engaging character moments of the season. They are two sides of a coin, and that's not something that had been entirely clear prior to this entry.\" She additionally commented positively on Kinney's acting, saying it was: \"...the strongest acting we've seen from Emily Kinney, particularly in that final exchange on the porch.\" Kinney said that the show was never clear on whether Beth and Daryl had a romantic or brother\\-sisterly connection, but that \"it was a situation where they were getting to know each other. First, they were just trying to get along\" because they did not see \"each other's point of view very well\" and, later, \"as the story went along they maybe became friends\" and \"it started to sort of go, 'Oh, what more could this be? Could it keep going into something else?'\" In his review for [Grantland](/wiki/Grantland \"Grantland\") praising the fifth season as a whole, Andy Greenwald had particular praise for the characters of Beth and [Tyreese](/wiki/Tyreese \"Tyreese\"), citing their newly established complexities and character evolution in the fifth season.\n\nRegarding Beth's death, critics agree that Dawn did not intentionally shoot her, and that it was rather an accident or a matter of reflex, commenting on Dawn's surprised expression at the trigger having been activated. Alan Sepinwall of [HitFix](/wiki/HitFix \"HitFix\") stated that because the season had mostly neglected that Maggie and Beth are sisters, Beth's death in \"[Coda](/wiki/Coda_%28The_Walking_Dead%29 \"Coda (The Walking Dead)\")\" does not have the emotional impact it could have when Maggie breaks down in grief at the sight of Beth's lifeless body. Matt Fowler of IGN said that although Beth's death was predictable, it \"felt like a *big* moment and it's always wrenching to see other characters react to the death of their loved ones\" and that although he liked Beth, he \"still mostly felt bad about her death because Daryl and Maggie (who seemed to have to be reminded this week that Beth being gone at all was a topic she should care about) felt bad about it.\" Fowler ultimately gave the episode a 7\\.6 out of 10\\. Kinney said she understood Maggie not expressing much concern about Beth's whereabouts because it is \"a world where they're losing people a lot. And if you're going to survive, you can't sit around mourning for very long,\" and that Maggie likely had unseen moments where she worried about Beth. Zach Handlen of *[The A.V. Club](/wiki/The_A.V._Club \"The A.V. Club\")* stated that the episode ends in \"a shocking finale which reminds us that, whatever else it's learned, the show still hasn't given up on its most beloved trick: killing people because it can. Beth's sudden death was a shock, no question, although I imagine some viewers were expecting just such a gut\\-punch.\"\n\nRob Bricken, writing for *[io9](/wiki/Io9 \"Io9\")*, commented negatively on Beth's death. He criticized the deaths of Dawn and Beth as a \"wasted opportunity\", citing the \"childish, ridiculous logic\" Dawn had for demanding Noah back even though she had \"zero leverage\", and Beth's \"inexplicable, dumb decision\" to stab Dawn in the shoulder. He wondered: \n> So what the hell was \\[Beth] trying to do? Get Dawn killed indirectly? Free the hospital from her idiotic non\\-control? Commit suicide by idiot? Whatever she was trying to accomplish — presumably getting rid of Dawn in some manner — weren't there many, many other ways to do it that didn't involve her almost certainly getting shot or potentially turning the hostage trade into a bloodbath? We'll never know, because Beth is dead.\n\nFor her performance as Beth in the fifth season, Kinney was nominated in 2015 for the [Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress on Television](/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Supporting_Actress_on_Television \"Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress on Television\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Farewell to Beth Greene spoiler video](http://www.amctv.com/the-walking-dead/videos/spoilers-beth-greene-the-walking-dead) at amctv.com\n\n[Category:American female characters in television](/wiki/Category:American_female_characters_in_television \"American female characters in television\")\n[Category:Fictional attempted suicides](/wiki/Category:Fictional_attempted_suicides \"Fictional attempted suicides\")\n[Category:Fictional characters from Georgia (U.S. state)](/wiki/Category:Fictional_characters_from_Georgia_%28U.S._state%29 \"Fictional characters from Georgia (U.S. state)\")\n[Category:Fictional farmers](/wiki/Category:Fictional_farmers \"Fictional farmers\")\n[Category:Fictional Irish\\-American people](/wiki/Category:Fictional_Irish-American_people \"Fictional Irish-American people\")\n[Category:Fictional murdered people](/wiki/Category:Fictional_murdered_people \"Fictional murdered people\")\n[Category:Teenage characters in television](/wiki/Category:Teenage_characters_in_television \"Teenage characters in television\")\n[Category:Television characters introduced in 2011](/wiki/Category:Television_characters_introduced_in_2011 \"Television characters introduced in 2011\")\n[Category:The Walking Dead (franchise) characters](/wiki/Category:The_Walking_Dead_%28franchise%29_characters \"The Walking Dead (franchise) characters\")\n[Category:The Walking Dead (TV series)](/wiki/Category:The_Walking_Dead_%28TV_series%29 \"The Walking Dead (TV series)\")\n\n"
]
} |
Michael Lvovitch Tsetlin | {
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20836525
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"name": [
"1234qwer1234qwer4"
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} | 6us6j9ic8vdh247mg0khpz0tjkoxcnj | 2024-09-30T17:10:41Z | 1,221,000,643 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Michael Lvovitch Tsetlin",
"See also",
"Collection of the publications",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
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"**Michael Lvovitch Tsetlin** (the surname is also written **Cetlin**, **Tzetlin**, **Zeitlin**, **Zetlin**; cyrillic: Михаил Львович Цетлин) (22 September 1924 – 30 May 1966\\) was a Soviet mathematician and physicist who worked on [cybernetics](/wiki/Cybernetics \"Cybernetics\"). He introduced the [Gelfand–Tsetlin basis](/wiki/Gelfand%E2%80%93Tsetlin_basis \"Gelfand–Tsetlin basis\") for finite\\-dimensional [representations](/wiki/Group_representation \"Group representation\") of [classical groups](/wiki/Classical_group \"Classical group\"). He was the founder of the learning automaton approach to machine learning.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Gelfand–Tsetlin integrable system](/wiki/Gelfand%E2%80%93Tsetlin_integrable_system \"Gelfand–Tsetlin integrable system\")\n* [Boolean differential calculus](/wiki/Boolean_differential_calculus \"Boolean differential calculus\")\n* [Learning automaton](/wiki/Learning_automaton \"Learning automaton\")\n* [Tsetlin machine](/wiki/Tsetlin_machine \"Tsetlin machine\")\n",
"Collection of the publications\n------------------------------\n\nTsetlin M.L. Automation theory and modeling of biological systems. Academic Press; 1973\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n* ([In Russian](http://historyofcomputing.tripod.com/essays/CETLINM.HTM?fbclid=IwAR3Dt6c-wXcLDOYQ68X9o0KRFKPGVfgcpRal9jIOVC9OrC6qWDLf70ss0F4))\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [ЦЕТЛИН Михаил Львович](http://www.rujen.ru/index.php/%D0%A6%D0%95%D0%A2%D0%9B%D0%98%D0%9D_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%9B%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87)\n* [ЦЕТЛИН М.Л.](/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%2C_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%9B%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87 \"Цетлин, Михаил Львович\")\n\n[Category:1924 births](/wiki/Category:1924_births \"1924 births\")\n[Category:1966 deaths](/wiki/Category:1966_deaths \"1966 deaths\")\n[Category:Soviet mathematicians](/wiki/Category:Soviet_mathematicians \"Soviet mathematicians\")\n\n"
]
} |
Pasangar | {
"id": [
27446209
],
"name": [
"JJMC89 bot"
]
} | pmf1g8lof2u990up9ek58btnjpo2m7l | 2017-03-28T13:08:38Z | 765,306,537 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n**Pasangar** (, also [Romanized](/wiki/Romanize \"Romanize\") as **Pāsangar** and **Pā\\-ye Sangar**; also known as **Pāy\\-e Sangar**) is a village in [Tukahur Rural District](/wiki/Tukahur_Rural_District \"Tukahur Rural District\"), [Tukahur District](/wiki/Tukahur_District \"Tukahur District\"), [Minab County](/wiki/Minab_County \"Minab County\"), [Hormozgan Province](/wiki/Hormozgan_Province \"Hormozgan Province\"), [Iran](/wiki/Iran \"Iran\"). At the 2006 census, its population was 18, in 4 families.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Populated places in Minab County](/wiki/Category:Populated_places_in_Minab_County \"Populated places in Minab County\")\n\n"
]
} |
Sar Gust-e Pain | {
"id": [
27446209
],
"name": [
"JJMC89 bot"
]
} | 47b092rxp7rldld50jewxxfayxxz3cp | 2017-03-26T16:51:12Z | 765,350,788 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n**Sar Gust\\-e Pain** (, also [Romanized](/wiki/Romanize \"Romanize\") as **Sar Gūst\\-e Pā’īn**; also known as **Sar Gasht\\-e Soflá**, **Sargosk\\-e Pā’īn**, **Sar Gost**, and **Sar Gost\\-e Pā’īn**) is a village in [Mosaferabad Rural District](/wiki/Mosaferabad_Rural_District \"Mosaferabad Rural District\"), [Rudkhaneh District](/wiki/Rudkhaneh_District \"Rudkhaneh District\"), [Rudan County](/wiki/Rudan_County \"Rudan County\"), [Hormozgan Province](/wiki/Hormozgan_Province \"Hormozgan Province\"), [Iran](/wiki/Iran \"Iran\"). At the 2006 census, its population was 57, in 13 families.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Populated places in Rudan County](/wiki/Category:Populated_places_in_Rudan_County \"Populated places in Rudan County\")\n\n"
]
} |
2006 Canada Cup of Curling | {
"id": [
2792652
],
"name": [
"Bcp67"
]
} | 31qzpu3nc5fld6wvnqa9whn42urdmpn | 2024-03-28T10:40:10Z | 1,136,495,049 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Men's event",
"Teams",
"Preliminary round",
"Playoffs",
"Women's event",
"Teams",
"Preliminary round",
"Tie breaker",
"Playoffs",
"External links"
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"content": [
"\n\nThe **2006 Strauss [Canada Cup of Curling](/wiki/Canada_Cup_of_Curling \"Canada Cup of Curling\")** was held January 31\\-February 5, 2006 at the [Interior Savings Centre](/wiki/Interior_Savings_Centre \"Interior Savings Centre\") in [Kamloops](/wiki/Kamloops \"Kamloops\"), [British Columbia](/wiki/British_Columbia \"British Columbia\"). The [Kevin Martin](/wiki/Kevin_Martin_%28curler%29 \"Kevin Martin (curler)\") rink won their second men's title and [Cathy King](/wiki/Cathy_King \"Cathy King\") won her first title on the women's side.\n\n",
"Men's event\n-----------\n\n### Teams\n\n| Skip | Third | Second | Lead | Locale |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [Jim Cotter](/wiki/Jim_Cotter_%28curler%29 \"Jim Cotter (curler)\") | [Kevin MacKenzie](/wiki/Kevin_MacKenzie_%28curler%29 \"Kevin MacKenzie (curler)\") | [Jeff Richard](/wiki/Jeff_Richard \"Jeff Richard\") | [Rick Sawatsky](/wiki/Rick_Sawatsky \"Rick Sawatsky\") | [Kelowna Curling Club](/wiki/Kelowna_Curling_Club \"Kelowna Curling Club\"), [Kelowna](/wiki/Kelowna \"Kelowna\") |\n| [Glen Despins](/wiki/Glen_Despins \"Glen Despins\") | [Dale Despins](/wiki/Dale_Despins \"Dale Despins\") | [Wayne Despins](/wiki/Wayne_Despins \"Wayne Despins\") | [Dean Hicke](/wiki/Dean_Hicke \"Dean Hicke\") | [Callie Curling Club](/wiki/Callie_Curling_Club \"Callie Curling Club\"), [Regina](/wiki/Regina%2C_Saskatchewan \"Regina, Saskatchewan\") |\n| [David Nedohin](/wiki/David_Nedohin \"David Nedohin\") | [Randy Ferbey](/wiki/Randy_Ferbey \"Randy Ferbey\") (skip) | [Scott Pfeifer](/wiki/Scott_Pfeifer \"Scott Pfeifer\") | [Marcel Rocque](/wiki/Marcel_Rocque \"Marcel Rocque\") | [Granite Curling Club](/wiki/Granite_Curling_Club_%28Edmonton%29 \"Granite Curling Club (Edmonton)\"), [Edmonton](/wiki/Edmonton \"Edmonton\") |\n| [Brad Gushue](/wiki/Brad_Gushue \"Brad Gushue\") | [Mark Nichols](/wiki/Mark_Nichols_%28curler%29 \"Mark Nichols (curler)\") | [Russ Howard](/wiki/Russ_Howard \"Russ Howard\") (skip) | [Jamie Korab](/wiki/Jamie_Korab \"Jamie Korab\") | [St. John's Curling Club](/wiki/St._John%27s_Curling_Club \"St. John's Curling Club\"), [St. John's](/wiki/St._John%27s%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador\") |\n| [Brad Heidt](/wiki/Brad_Heidt \"Brad Heidt\") | [Joel Jordison](/wiki/Joel_Jordison \"Joel Jordison\") | [Brent Gedak](/wiki/Brent_Gedak \"Brent Gedak\") | [Mitch Heidt](/wiki/Mitch_Heidt \"Mitch Heidt\") | [Kerrobert Curling Club](/wiki/Kerrobert_Curling_Club \"Kerrobert Curling Club\"), [Kerrobert](/wiki/Kerrobert%2C_Saskatchewan \"Kerrobert, Saskatchewan\") |\n| [Glenn Howard](/wiki/Glenn_Howard \"Glenn Howard\") | [Richard Hart](/wiki/Richard_Hart_%28curler%29 \"Richard Hart (curler)\") | [Brent Laing](/wiki/Brent_Laing \"Brent Laing\") | [Craig Savill](/wiki/Craig_Savill \"Craig Savill\") | [Coldwater \\& District Curling Club](/wiki/Coldwater_%26_District_Curling_Club \"Coldwater & District Curling Club\"), [Coldwater](/wiki/Coldwater%2C_Ontario \"Coldwater, Ontario\") |\n| [Mark Johnson](/wiki/Mark_Johnson_%28curler%29 \"Mark Johnson (curler)\") | [Bob Bucholz](/wiki/Bob_Bucholz \"Bob Bucholz\") | [Glen Kennedy](/wiki/Glen_Kennedy \"Glen Kennedy\") | [Bryan Blaylock](/wiki/Bryan_Blaylock \"Bryan Blaylock\") | [Saville Sports Centre](/wiki/Saville_Sports_Centre \"Saville Sports Centre\"), Edmonton |\n| [Kevin Martin](/wiki/Kevin_Martin_%28curler%29 \"Kevin Martin (curler)\") | [Don Walchuk](/wiki/Don_Walchuk \"Don Walchuk\") | [Carter Rycroft](/wiki/Carter_Rycroft \"Carter Rycroft\") | [Don Bartlett](/wiki/Don_Bartlett \"Don Bartlett\") | Saville Sports Centre, Edmonton |\n| [John Morris](/wiki/John_Morris_%28curler%29 \"John Morris (curler)\") | [Kevin Koe](/wiki/Kevin_Koe \"Kevin Koe\") | [Marc Kennedy](/wiki/Marc_Kennedy \"Marc Kennedy\") | [Ben Hebert](/wiki/Ben_Hebert \"Ben Hebert\") | [Calgary Winter Club](/wiki/Calgary_Winter_Club \"Calgary Winter Club\"), [Calgary](/wiki/Calgary \"Calgary\") |\n| [Bob Ursel](/wiki/Bob_Ursel \"Bob Ursel\") | [T. J. Perepolkin](/wiki/T._J._Perepolkin \"T. J. Perepolkin\") | [Kevin Folk](/wiki/Kevin_Folk \"Kevin Folk\") | [Brendan Willis](/wiki/Brendan_Willis \"Brendan Willis\") | Kelowna Curling Club, Kelowna |\n\n|Key\n\n| |\n| |Teams to Playoffs\n\n### Preliminary round\n\n| Group A | W | L |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| [Glenn Howard](/wiki/Glenn_Howard \"Glenn Howard\") | 4 | 1 |\n| [John Morris](/wiki/John_Morris_%28curler%29 \"John Morris (curler)\") | 4 | 1 |\n| [Randy Ferbey](/wiki/Randy_Ferbey \"Randy Ferbey\") | 3 | 2 |\n| [Glen Despins](/wiki/Glen_Despins \"Glen Despins\") | 1 | 4 |\n| [Brad Heidt](/wiki/Brad_Heidt \"Brad Heidt\") | 0 | 5 |\n\n| Group B | W | L |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| [Kevin Martin](/wiki/Kevin_Martin_%28curler%29 \"Kevin Martin (curler)\") | 5 | 0 |\n| [Bob Ursel](/wiki/Bob_Ursel \"Bob Ursel\") | 4 | 1 |\n| [Brad Gushue](/wiki/Brad_Gushue \"Brad Gushue\") | 2 | 3 |\n| [Mark Johnson](/wiki/Mark_Johnson_%28curler%29 \"Mark Johnson (curler)\") | 2 | 3 |\n| [Jim Cotter](/wiki/Jim_Cotter_%28curler%29 \"Jim Cotter (curler)\") | 0 | 5 |\n\n### Playoffs\n\n",
"### Teams\n\n| Skip | Third | Second | Lead | Locale |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [Jim Cotter](/wiki/Jim_Cotter_%28curler%29 \"Jim Cotter (curler)\") | [Kevin MacKenzie](/wiki/Kevin_MacKenzie_%28curler%29 \"Kevin MacKenzie (curler)\") | [Jeff Richard](/wiki/Jeff_Richard \"Jeff Richard\") | [Rick Sawatsky](/wiki/Rick_Sawatsky \"Rick Sawatsky\") | [Kelowna Curling Club](/wiki/Kelowna_Curling_Club \"Kelowna Curling Club\"), [Kelowna](/wiki/Kelowna \"Kelowna\") |\n| [Glen Despins](/wiki/Glen_Despins \"Glen Despins\") | [Dale Despins](/wiki/Dale_Despins \"Dale Despins\") | [Wayne Despins](/wiki/Wayne_Despins \"Wayne Despins\") | [Dean Hicke](/wiki/Dean_Hicke \"Dean Hicke\") | [Callie Curling Club](/wiki/Callie_Curling_Club \"Callie Curling Club\"), [Regina](/wiki/Regina%2C_Saskatchewan \"Regina, Saskatchewan\") |\n| [David Nedohin](/wiki/David_Nedohin \"David Nedohin\") | [Randy Ferbey](/wiki/Randy_Ferbey \"Randy Ferbey\") (skip) | [Scott Pfeifer](/wiki/Scott_Pfeifer \"Scott Pfeifer\") | [Marcel Rocque](/wiki/Marcel_Rocque \"Marcel Rocque\") | [Granite Curling Club](/wiki/Granite_Curling_Club_%28Edmonton%29 \"Granite Curling Club (Edmonton)\"), [Edmonton](/wiki/Edmonton \"Edmonton\") |\n| [Brad Gushue](/wiki/Brad_Gushue \"Brad Gushue\") | [Mark Nichols](/wiki/Mark_Nichols_%28curler%29 \"Mark Nichols (curler)\") | [Russ Howard](/wiki/Russ_Howard \"Russ Howard\") (skip) | [Jamie Korab](/wiki/Jamie_Korab \"Jamie Korab\") | [St. John's Curling Club](/wiki/St._John%27s_Curling_Club \"St. John's Curling Club\"), [St. John's](/wiki/St._John%27s%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador\") |\n| [Brad Heidt](/wiki/Brad_Heidt \"Brad Heidt\") | [Joel Jordison](/wiki/Joel_Jordison \"Joel Jordison\") | [Brent Gedak](/wiki/Brent_Gedak \"Brent Gedak\") | [Mitch Heidt](/wiki/Mitch_Heidt \"Mitch Heidt\") | [Kerrobert Curling Club](/wiki/Kerrobert_Curling_Club \"Kerrobert Curling Club\"), [Kerrobert](/wiki/Kerrobert%2C_Saskatchewan \"Kerrobert, Saskatchewan\") |\n| [Glenn Howard](/wiki/Glenn_Howard \"Glenn Howard\") | [Richard Hart](/wiki/Richard_Hart_%28curler%29 \"Richard Hart (curler)\") | [Brent Laing](/wiki/Brent_Laing \"Brent Laing\") | [Craig Savill](/wiki/Craig_Savill \"Craig Savill\") | [Coldwater \\& District Curling Club](/wiki/Coldwater_%26_District_Curling_Club \"Coldwater & District Curling Club\"), [Coldwater](/wiki/Coldwater%2C_Ontario \"Coldwater, Ontario\") |\n| [Mark Johnson](/wiki/Mark_Johnson_%28curler%29 \"Mark Johnson (curler)\") | [Bob Bucholz](/wiki/Bob_Bucholz \"Bob Bucholz\") | [Glen Kennedy](/wiki/Glen_Kennedy \"Glen Kennedy\") | [Bryan Blaylock](/wiki/Bryan_Blaylock \"Bryan Blaylock\") | [Saville Sports Centre](/wiki/Saville_Sports_Centre \"Saville Sports Centre\"), Edmonton |\n| [Kevin Martin](/wiki/Kevin_Martin_%28curler%29 \"Kevin Martin (curler)\") | [Don Walchuk](/wiki/Don_Walchuk \"Don Walchuk\") | [Carter Rycroft](/wiki/Carter_Rycroft \"Carter Rycroft\") | [Don Bartlett](/wiki/Don_Bartlett \"Don Bartlett\") | Saville Sports Centre, Edmonton |\n| [John Morris](/wiki/John_Morris_%28curler%29 \"John Morris (curler)\") | [Kevin Koe](/wiki/Kevin_Koe \"Kevin Koe\") | [Marc Kennedy](/wiki/Marc_Kennedy \"Marc Kennedy\") | [Ben Hebert](/wiki/Ben_Hebert \"Ben Hebert\") | [Calgary Winter Club](/wiki/Calgary_Winter_Club \"Calgary Winter Club\"), [Calgary](/wiki/Calgary \"Calgary\") |\n| [Bob Ursel](/wiki/Bob_Ursel \"Bob Ursel\") | [T. J. Perepolkin](/wiki/T._J._Perepolkin \"T. J. Perepolkin\") | [Kevin Folk](/wiki/Kevin_Folk \"Kevin Folk\") | [Brendan Willis](/wiki/Brendan_Willis \"Brendan Willis\") | Kelowna Curling Club, Kelowna |\n\n|Key\n\n| |\n| |Teams to Playoffs\n\n",
"### Preliminary round\n\n| Group A | W | L |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| [Glenn Howard](/wiki/Glenn_Howard \"Glenn Howard\") | 4 | 1 |\n| [John Morris](/wiki/John_Morris_%28curler%29 \"John Morris (curler)\") | 4 | 1 |\n| [Randy Ferbey](/wiki/Randy_Ferbey \"Randy Ferbey\") | 3 | 2 |\n| [Glen Despins](/wiki/Glen_Despins \"Glen Despins\") | 1 | 4 |\n| [Brad Heidt](/wiki/Brad_Heidt \"Brad Heidt\") | 0 | 5 |\n\n| Group B | W | L |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| [Kevin Martin](/wiki/Kevin_Martin_%28curler%29 \"Kevin Martin (curler)\") | 5 | 0 |\n| [Bob Ursel](/wiki/Bob_Ursel \"Bob Ursel\") | 4 | 1 |\n| [Brad Gushue](/wiki/Brad_Gushue \"Brad Gushue\") | 2 | 3 |\n| [Mark Johnson](/wiki/Mark_Johnson_%28curler%29 \"Mark Johnson (curler)\") | 2 | 3 |\n| [Jim Cotter](/wiki/Jim_Cotter_%28curler%29 \"Jim Cotter (curler)\") | 0 | 5 |\n\n",
"### Playoffs\n\n",
"Women's event\n-------------\n\n### Teams\n\n| Skip | Third | Second | Lead | Locale |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [Jan Betker](/wiki/Jan_Betker \"Jan Betker\") | [Sherry Linton](/wiki/Sherry_Linton \"Sherry Linton\") | [Joan McCusker](/wiki/Joan_McCusker \"Joan McCusker\") | [Jolene McIvor](/wiki/Jolene_Campbell \"Jolene Campbell\") | [Callie Curling Club](/wiki/Callie_Curling_Club \"Callie Curling Club\"), [Regina](/wiki/Regina%2C_Saskatchewan \"Regina, Saskatchewan\") |\n| [Sandy Comeau](/wiki/Sandy_Comeau \"Sandy Comeau\") | [Stacey Leger](/wiki/Stacey_Leger \"Stacey Leger\") | [Allison Farrell](/wiki/Allison_Farrell \"Allison Farrell\") | [Carol Webb](/wiki/Carol_Webb \"Carol Webb\") | [Beaver Curling Club](/wiki/Beaver_Curling_Club \"Beaver Curling Club\"), [Moncton](/wiki/Moncton \"Moncton\") |\n| [Janet Harvey](/wiki/Janet_Harvey \"Janet Harvey\") | [Jill Thurston](/wiki/Jill_Thurston \"Jill Thurston\") | [Cherie\\-Ann Loder](/wiki/Cherie-Ann_Loder \"Cherie-Ann Loder\") | [Carey Burgess](/wiki/Carey_Burgess \"Carey Burgess\") | [Fort Rouge Curling Club](/wiki/Fort_Rouge_Curling_Club \"Fort Rouge Curling Club\"), [Winnipeg](/wiki/Winnipeg \"Winnipeg\") |\n| [Jennifer Jones](/wiki/Jennifer_Jones_%28curler%29 \"Jennifer Jones (curler)\") | [Cathy Overton\\-Clapham](/wiki/Cathy_Overton-Clapham \"Cathy Overton-Clapham\") | [Jill Officer](/wiki/Jill_Officer \"Jill Officer\") | [Georgina Wheatcroft](/wiki/Georgina_Wheatcroft \"Georgina Wheatcroft\") | [St. Vital Curling Club](/wiki/St._Vital_Curling_Club \"St. Vital Curling Club\"), Winnipeg |\n| [Cathy King](/wiki/Cathy_King \"Cathy King\") | [Lori Armistead](/wiki/Lori_Olson-Johns \"Lori Olson-Johns\") | [Raylene Rocque](/wiki/Raylene_Rocque \"Raylene Rocque\") | [Tracy Bush](/wiki/Tracy_Bush \"Tracy Bush\") | [Saville Sports Centre](/wiki/Saville_Sports_Centre \"Saville Sports Centre\"), [Edmonton](/wiki/Edmonton \"Edmonton\") |\n| [Shannon Kleibrink](/wiki/Shannon_Kleibrink \"Shannon Kleibrink\") | [Amy Nixon](/wiki/Amy_Nixon \"Amy Nixon\") | [Glenys Bakker](/wiki/Glenys_Bakker \"Glenys Bakker\") | [Christine Keshen](/wiki/Christine_Keshen \"Christine Keshen\") | [Calgary Winter Club](/wiki/Calgary_Winter_Club \"Calgary Winter Club\"), [Calgary](/wiki/Calgary \"Calgary\") |\n| [Heather Rankin](/wiki/Heather_Rankin_%28curler%29 \"Heather Rankin (curler)\") | [Deanna Doig](/wiki/Deanna_Doig \"Deanna Doig\") | [Samantha Preston](/wiki/Samantha_Preston \"Samantha Preston\") | [Nicole Jacques](/wiki/Nicole_Jacques \"Nicole Jacques\") | [Calgary Curling Club](/wiki/Calgary_Curling_Club \"Calgary Curling Club\"), Calgary |\n| [Kelly Scott](/wiki/Kelly_Scott \"Kelly Scott\") | [Jeanna Schraeder](/wiki/Jeanna_Schraeder \"Jeanna Schraeder\") | [Sasha Carter](/wiki/Sasha_Carter \"Sasha Carter\") | [Renee Simons](/wiki/Renee_Simons \"Renee Simons\") | [Kelowna Curling Club](/wiki/Kelowna_Curling_Club \"Kelowna Curling Club\"), [Kelowna](/wiki/Kelowna \"Kelowna\") |\n| [Renée Sonnenberg](/wiki/Ren%C3%A9e_Sonnenberg \"Renée Sonnenberg\") | [Nikki Smith](/wiki/Nikki_Smith_%28curler%29 \"Nikki Smith (curler)\") | [Twyla Bruce](/wiki/Twyla_Bruce \"Twyla Bruce\") | [Tina McDonald](/wiki/Tina_McDonald \"Tina McDonald\") | [Sexsmith Curling Club](/wiki/Sexsmith_Curling_Club \"Sexsmith Curling Club\"), [Sexsmith](/wiki/Sexsmith%2C_Alberta \"Sexsmith, Alberta\") |\n| [Heather Strong](/wiki/Heather_Strong \"Heather Strong\") | [Shelley Nichols](/wiki/Shelley_Nichols \"Shelley Nichols\") | [Laura Strong](/wiki/Laura_Strong \"Laura Strong\") | [Susan O'Leary](/wiki/Susan_O%27Leary \"Susan O'Leary\") | [St. John's Curling Club](/wiki/St._John%27s_Curling_Club \"St. John's Curling Club\"), [St. John's](/wiki/St._John%27s%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador\") |\n\n|Key\n\n| |\n| |Teams to Playoffs\n\n| |Teams to Tiebreaker\n\n### Preliminary round\n\n| Group A | W | L |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n\n [Renee Sonnenberg](/wiki/Renee_Sonnenberg \"Renee Sonnenberg\") | 4 | 1 |\n [Sandy Comeau](/wiki/Sandy_Comeau \"Sandy Comeau\") | 4 | 1 || [Jan Betker](/wiki/Jan_Betker \"Jan Betker\") | 3 | 2 |\n| [Janet Harvey](/wiki/Janet_Harvey \"Janet Harvey\") | 1 | 4 |\n| [Shannon Kleibrink](/wiki/Shannon_Kleibrink \"Shannon Kleibrink\") | 1 | 4 |\n\n| Group B | W | L |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n\n [Cathy King](/wiki/Cathy_King \"Cathy King\") | 4 | 1 |\n [Jennifer Jones](/wiki/Jennifer_Jones_%28curler%29 \"Jennifer Jones (curler)\") | 3 | 2 |\n [Kelly Scott](/wiki/Kelly_Scott \"Kelly Scott\") | 3 | 2 || [Heather Rankin](/wiki/Heather_Rankin_%28curler%29 \"Heather Rankin (curler)\") | 1 | 4 |\n| [Heather Strong](/wiki/Heather_Strong \"Heather Strong\") | 1 | 4 |\n\n### Tie breaker\n\n* Jones 7, Scott 5\n\n### Playoffs\n\n",
"### Teams\n\n| Skip | Third | Second | Lead | Locale |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [Jan Betker](/wiki/Jan_Betker \"Jan Betker\") | [Sherry Linton](/wiki/Sherry_Linton \"Sherry Linton\") | [Joan McCusker](/wiki/Joan_McCusker \"Joan McCusker\") | [Jolene McIvor](/wiki/Jolene_Campbell \"Jolene Campbell\") | [Callie Curling Club](/wiki/Callie_Curling_Club \"Callie Curling Club\"), [Regina](/wiki/Regina%2C_Saskatchewan \"Regina, Saskatchewan\") |\n| [Sandy Comeau](/wiki/Sandy_Comeau \"Sandy Comeau\") | [Stacey Leger](/wiki/Stacey_Leger \"Stacey Leger\") | [Allison Farrell](/wiki/Allison_Farrell \"Allison Farrell\") | [Carol Webb](/wiki/Carol_Webb \"Carol Webb\") | [Beaver Curling Club](/wiki/Beaver_Curling_Club \"Beaver Curling Club\"), [Moncton](/wiki/Moncton \"Moncton\") |\n| [Janet Harvey](/wiki/Janet_Harvey \"Janet Harvey\") | [Jill Thurston](/wiki/Jill_Thurston \"Jill Thurston\") | [Cherie\\-Ann Loder](/wiki/Cherie-Ann_Loder \"Cherie-Ann Loder\") | [Carey Burgess](/wiki/Carey_Burgess \"Carey Burgess\") | [Fort Rouge Curling Club](/wiki/Fort_Rouge_Curling_Club \"Fort Rouge Curling Club\"), [Winnipeg](/wiki/Winnipeg \"Winnipeg\") |\n| [Jennifer Jones](/wiki/Jennifer_Jones_%28curler%29 \"Jennifer Jones (curler)\") | [Cathy Overton\\-Clapham](/wiki/Cathy_Overton-Clapham \"Cathy Overton-Clapham\") | [Jill Officer](/wiki/Jill_Officer \"Jill Officer\") | [Georgina Wheatcroft](/wiki/Georgina_Wheatcroft \"Georgina Wheatcroft\") | [St. Vital Curling Club](/wiki/St._Vital_Curling_Club \"St. Vital Curling Club\"), Winnipeg |\n| [Cathy King](/wiki/Cathy_King \"Cathy King\") | [Lori Armistead](/wiki/Lori_Olson-Johns \"Lori Olson-Johns\") | [Raylene Rocque](/wiki/Raylene_Rocque \"Raylene Rocque\") | [Tracy Bush](/wiki/Tracy_Bush \"Tracy Bush\") | [Saville Sports Centre](/wiki/Saville_Sports_Centre \"Saville Sports Centre\"), [Edmonton](/wiki/Edmonton \"Edmonton\") |\n| [Shannon Kleibrink](/wiki/Shannon_Kleibrink \"Shannon Kleibrink\") | [Amy Nixon](/wiki/Amy_Nixon \"Amy Nixon\") | [Glenys Bakker](/wiki/Glenys_Bakker \"Glenys Bakker\") | [Christine Keshen](/wiki/Christine_Keshen \"Christine Keshen\") | [Calgary Winter Club](/wiki/Calgary_Winter_Club \"Calgary Winter Club\"), [Calgary](/wiki/Calgary \"Calgary\") |\n| [Heather Rankin](/wiki/Heather_Rankin_%28curler%29 \"Heather Rankin (curler)\") | [Deanna Doig](/wiki/Deanna_Doig \"Deanna Doig\") | [Samantha Preston](/wiki/Samantha_Preston \"Samantha Preston\") | [Nicole Jacques](/wiki/Nicole_Jacques \"Nicole Jacques\") | [Calgary Curling Club](/wiki/Calgary_Curling_Club \"Calgary Curling Club\"), Calgary |\n| [Kelly Scott](/wiki/Kelly_Scott \"Kelly Scott\") | [Jeanna Schraeder](/wiki/Jeanna_Schraeder \"Jeanna Schraeder\") | [Sasha Carter](/wiki/Sasha_Carter \"Sasha Carter\") | [Renee Simons](/wiki/Renee_Simons \"Renee Simons\") | [Kelowna Curling Club](/wiki/Kelowna_Curling_Club \"Kelowna Curling Club\"), [Kelowna](/wiki/Kelowna \"Kelowna\") |\n| [Renée Sonnenberg](/wiki/Ren%C3%A9e_Sonnenberg \"Renée Sonnenberg\") | [Nikki Smith](/wiki/Nikki_Smith_%28curler%29 \"Nikki Smith (curler)\") | [Twyla Bruce](/wiki/Twyla_Bruce \"Twyla Bruce\") | [Tina McDonald](/wiki/Tina_McDonald \"Tina McDonald\") | [Sexsmith Curling Club](/wiki/Sexsmith_Curling_Club \"Sexsmith Curling Club\"), [Sexsmith](/wiki/Sexsmith%2C_Alberta \"Sexsmith, Alberta\") |\n| [Heather Strong](/wiki/Heather_Strong \"Heather Strong\") | [Shelley Nichols](/wiki/Shelley_Nichols \"Shelley Nichols\") | [Laura Strong](/wiki/Laura_Strong \"Laura Strong\") | [Susan O'Leary](/wiki/Susan_O%27Leary \"Susan O'Leary\") | [St. John's Curling Club](/wiki/St._John%27s_Curling_Club \"St. John's Curling Club\"), [St. John's](/wiki/St._John%27s%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador\") |\n\n|Key\n\n| |\n| |Teams to Playoffs\n\n| |Teams to Tiebreaker\n\n",
"### Preliminary round\n\n| Group A | W | L |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n\n [Renee Sonnenberg](/wiki/Renee_Sonnenberg \"Renee Sonnenberg\") | 4 | 1 |\n [Sandy Comeau](/wiki/Sandy_Comeau \"Sandy Comeau\") | 4 | 1 || [Jan Betker](/wiki/Jan_Betker \"Jan Betker\") | 3 | 2 |\n| [Janet Harvey](/wiki/Janet_Harvey \"Janet Harvey\") | 1 | 4 |\n| [Shannon Kleibrink](/wiki/Shannon_Kleibrink \"Shannon Kleibrink\") | 1 | 4 |\n\n| Group B | W | L |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n\n [Cathy King](/wiki/Cathy_King \"Cathy King\") | 4 | 1 |\n [Jennifer Jones](/wiki/Jennifer_Jones_%28curler%29 \"Jennifer Jones (curler)\") | 3 | 2 |\n [Kelly Scott](/wiki/Kelly_Scott \"Kelly Scott\") | 3 | 2 || [Heather Rankin](/wiki/Heather_Rankin_%28curler%29 \"Heather Rankin (curler)\") | 1 | 4 |\n| [Heather Strong](/wiki/Heather_Strong \"Heather Strong\") | 1 | 4 |\n\n",
"### Tie breaker\n\n* Jones 7, Scott 5\n",
"### Playoffs\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Archived Official Website](https://web.archive.org/web/20060321064750/http://www.curling.ca/fan_central/canadacup/2006/index.asp)\n* [Women's final on YouTube](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3B1Sd1udyfE&t=4s)\n* [Men's final on YouTube](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AAj_nCW2vFI)\n\n[Category:2006 in sports in British Columbia](/wiki/Category:2006_in_sports_in_British_Columbia \"2006 in sports in British Columbia\")\n[Category:Canada Cup (curling)](/wiki/Category:Canada_Cup_%28curling%29 \"Canada Cup (curling)\")\n[Category:Sport in Kamloops](/wiki/Category:Sport_in_Kamloops \"Sport in Kamloops\")\n[Category:2006 in Canadian curling](/wiki/Category:2006_in_Canadian_curling \"2006 in Canadian curling\")\n[Category:Curling competitions in British Columbia](/wiki/Category:Curling_competitions_in_British_Columbia \"Curling competitions in British Columbia\")\n[Category:January 2006 sports events in Canada](/wiki/Category:January_2006_sports_events_in_Canada \"January 2006 sports events in Canada\")\n[Category:February 2006 sports events in Canada](/wiki/Category:February_2006_sports_events_in_Canada \"February 2006 sports events in Canada\")\n\n"
]
} |
A Night in the Woods | {
"id": [
753665
],
"name": [
"Ser Amantio di Nicolao"
]
} | llyzuakd3urux9j72gqj0zf33i0ms62 | 2024-09-10T02:28:08Z | 1,215,652,224 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Plot",
"Cast",
"Reception",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***A Night in the Woods*** is a 2011 British [found footage](/wiki/Found_footage_%28pseudo-documentary%29 \"Found footage (pseudo-documentary)\") [horror film](/wiki/Horror_film \"Horror film\") written and directed by [Richard Parry](/wiki/Richard_Parry_%28director%29 \"Richard Parry (director)\"). The film premiered at the [United Kingdom](/wiki/United_Kingdom \"United Kingdom\") film festival [Fright Fest](/wiki/London_FrightFest_Film_Festival%23FF2011 \"London FrightFest Film Festival#FF2011\") in August 2011\\. *A Night in the Woods* was produced by [Vertigo Films](/wiki/Vertigo_Films \"Vertigo Films\") and stars [Anna Skellern](/wiki/Anna_Skellern \"Anna Skellern\"), [Scoot McNairy](/wiki/Scoot_McNairy \"Scoot McNairy\"), and [Andrew Hawley](/wiki/Andrew_Hawley_%28actor%29 \"Andrew Hawley (actor)\").\n\n",
"Plot\n----\n\nThe film follows Londoner Kerry (Anna Skellern) and her American boyfriend Brody (Scoot McNairy) as they travel to Dartmoor for a camping trip. Brody has decided to document their trip with his video camera. He grows irritated and jealous when Kerry invites her cousin Leo (Andrew Hawley), although Brody tries to hide this by acting friendly towards Leo. The trio stops by a pub, where they hear the story of a local legend called The Huntsman, who carves crosses into the foreheads of sinners before killing them.\n\nBrody grows increasingly more jealous of Leo after seeing him and Kerry joking around, making him doubt Kerry’s claims that Leo is her cousin. Things grow more tense as he confronts Leo over footage of Leo sneaking into Kerry and Brody’s home. Brody attempts to catch Kerry and Leo by setting his camera up in the tent, which proves to be effective. It is revealed that not only are the two not related, but that they used to be lovers and Kerry lied to Brody in order to make things easier. Left alone, Kerry and Leo begin to have a fling, which is cut short when Leo hurts Kerry. He tries to apologize, but is rejected when he suggests that Brody is trying to replace her recently dead father. Leo then leaves Kerry alone in the woods.\n\nStrange things begin to happen around the now alone Kerry such as strange noises and nooses tied to tree branches. Kerry is then chased into the woods by an unseen force, who knocks her out and carves a cross on her forehead. She manages to regain consciousness and returns to the campsite, where she angrily discovers the camera that Brody had set up in the tent as well as footage he had been secretly recording of her. This is further exacerbated by footage of her experiencing a nightmare while sleeping as well as a clip of Brody discussing plans to abandon Kerry in the woods so she can experience a solitude that he once experienced in exactly the same woods 10 years earlier. This infuriates Kerry, who then turns to the camera and threatens to hurt Brody.\nHer anger is cut somewhat short when the tent is violently shaken and she discovers a devastated Leo, all bruised and cut. Kerry tries to help him, but he attacks her in a fit of rage and chases her into the woods. She runs into a bruised and bleeding Brody, who convinces her that Leo is not himself and that they are being hunted by an unknown force. They try to find a way out of the woods, but Kerry fights with Brody after discovering Leo’s bracelet on the ground and suspecting Brody of wrongdoing. She manages to fight Brody off, killing him in the process but leaving her alone and hunted in the woods.\n\nKerry then discovers Leo’s digital camera on the ground, where she views a clip of Brody being attacked and dragged away by an unseen assailant. Frightened, Kerry tries to find a way out but is attacked, causing the camera to cut to black.\n\n",
"Cast\n----\n\n* [Scoot McNairy](/wiki/Scoot_McNairy \"Scoot McNairy\") as Brody Cartwright\n* [Anna Skellern](/wiki/Anna_Skellern \"Anna Skellern\") as Kerry Hastings\n* Andrew Hawley as Leo\n",
"Reception\n---------\n\nCritical reception for the film has been mixed, with the film holding a 42% \"rotten\" rating on [Rotten Tomatoes](/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes \"Rotten Tomatoes\") based on 12 reviews. The Daily Record gave *A Night in the Woods* two out of five stars, criticizing the film as a *[Blair Witch Project](/wiki/Blair_Witch_Project \"Blair Witch Project\")* ripoff that \"fails to provide any real moments of horror\". [Screen Daily](/wiki/Screen_Daily \"Screen Daily\") remarked that the last part of the film was \"shades a little too much into incomprehensibility\" but praised the film's acting.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:2011 horror films](/wiki/Category:2011_horror_films \"2011 horror films\")\n[Category:British horror films](/wiki/Category:British_horror_films \"British horror films\")\n[Category:Found footage films](/wiki/Category:Found_footage_films \"Found footage films\")\n[Category:2011 films](/wiki/Category:2011_films \"2011 films\")\n[Category:Vertigo Films films](/wiki/Category:Vertigo_Films_films \"Vertigo Films films\")\n[Category:2010s English\\-language films](/wiki/Category:2010s_English-language_films \"2010s English-language films\")\n[Category:2010s British films](/wiki/Category:2010s_British_films \"2010s British films\")\n[Category:English\\-language horror films](/wiki/Category:English-language_horror_films \"English-language horror films\")\n\n"
]
} |
Pieter Nijs | {
"id": [
1032946
],
"name": [
"Vanisaac"
]
} | dvovosfh2ytei10y4iegz0hiahkfz41 | 2022-10-08T20:38:39Z | 1,063,818,911 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n[thumb\\|right\\|Portrait of a lady in South\\-German costume with boxed ruff collar and brämikappe, signed and dated 1654](/wiki/File:Pieter_De_Nys_Lady_in_A_Black_Dress_With_Ruff_Hat.jpg \"Pieter De Nys Lady in A Black Dress With Ruff Hat.jpg\")\n\n**Pieter Nijs** or **Nys** (April 15, 1624 – June 16, 1681\\), was a [Dutch Golden Age](/wiki/Dutch_Golden_Age \"Dutch Golden Age\") painter.\nNijs was born in [Amsterdam](/wiki/Amsterdam \"Amsterdam\").\nAccording to the [RKD](/wiki/Netherlands_Institute_for_Art_History \"Netherlands Institute for Art History\") he was a pupil of [Hendrik Martensz Sorgh](/wiki/Hendrik_Martensz_Sorgh \"Hendrik Martensz Sorgh\").[Pieter Nijs](https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/60163) in the [RKD](/wiki/RKD \"RKD\") Besides in Amsterdam, he worked in Rotterdam, Leuven and Antwerp and various towns in Germany. He is known for genre works, farm scenes, and portraits.\n\nNijs died in [Amsterdam](/wiki/Amsterdam \"Amsterdam\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n* [Pieter Nijs](http://www.artnet.com/artists/pieter-nys/past-auction-results) on [Artnet](/wiki/Artnet \"Artnet\")\n\n \n\n[Category:1624 births](/wiki/Category:1624_births \"1624 births\")\n[Category:1681 deaths](/wiki/Category:1681_deaths \"1681 deaths\")\n[Category:Painters from Amsterdam](/wiki/Category:Painters_from_Amsterdam \"Painters from Amsterdam\")\n[Category:Dutch Golden Age painters](/wiki/Category:Dutch_Golden_Age_painters \"Dutch Golden Age painters\")\n[Category:Dutch male painters](/wiki/Category:Dutch_male_painters \"Dutch male painters\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Continuous motion pot washing | {
"id": [
7903804
],
"name": [
"Citation bot"
]
} | a4e5kllzt7334ulkmptag05kq9488ch | 2023-10-24T22:46:26Z | 1,180,869,944 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"How it works",
"Sources"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Continuous motion pot washing** systems are, in the most basic form, three compartment sinks with an agitating wash compartment. Most commonly used in the food service industry, the term continuous motion pot washing describes washing systems that do not have a set wash cycle (aka cycle\\-less) or require an attendant. Unlike old three compartment [sink](/wiki/Sink \"Sink\") systems where an employee was tied to a machine for hours scrubbing dirty ware, continuous motion [pot washing](/wiki/Pot_washing \"Pot washing\") systems allow employees to drop any number or type of pots and pans in the system and walk away. Later any employee can come by and move ware items to other compartments of the system. These systems are called “continuous motion” because they never stop working. When the machine is turned on, they are always running and always washing. The motion created is a very [turbulent](/wiki/Turbulence \"Turbulence\") agitation created by a flow of continuous fluid movement powered by a motorized system.\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nThe term \"Continuous Motion Pot Washing\" was coined in 1987 by the Cantrell family who designed the \"Power Soak\" pot washing system in Kansas City, Missouri. Designed with powerful jet and intake manifolds on the back of the main compartment tank, the Power Soak was the first continuous motion pot washing system sold. Since 1987 many competitors have entered the category as manufacturers of similar continuous motion pot washing systems. Among these competitors include the AquaScrubber by Insinger the TurboWash by Hobart and the X\\-Stream Wash by Steelkor.\n\n",
"How it works\n------------\n\nA continuous motion system uses the natural properties of highly turbulent water, heat, and low foam [detergent](/wiki/Detergent \"Detergent\") to clean kitchenware products. Powered by one or more motorized pumps, continuous motion pot washing systems re\\-circulate water through a series of jets and intakes to create a whirlpool\\-like motion that agitates the water within the wash tank to continuously move the waste products. These jets and intakes can be located in a variety of locations depending on the manufacturer and model.\n\n",
"Sources\n-------\n\n[Category:Cleaning tools](/wiki/Category:Cleaning_tools \"Cleaning tools\")\n\n"
]
} |
2013 Copa Constitució | {
"id": [
125972
],
"name": [
"Rodw"
]
} | i1rdp1k2n823h9skdi2f777ywfit5ta | 2022-07-01T09:57:04Z | 982,659,977 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Preliminary round",
"First elimination round",
"Second elimination round",
"Third elimination round",
"Semi-finals",
"Final",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **2013 [Copa Constitució](/wiki/Copa_Constituci%C3%B3 \"Copa Constitució\")** was the 21st season of [Andorra](/wiki/Andorra \"Andorra\")'s football knockout tournament. The competition began on 13 January 2013 with the matches of the first elimination round and ended on 26 May 2013 with the final. [FC Santa Coloma](/wiki/FC_Santa_Coloma \"FC Santa Coloma\") are the defending champions. The winners will earn a place in the [first qualifying round](/wiki/2013%E2%80%9314_UEFA_Europa_League%23First_qualifying_round \"2013–14 UEFA Europa League#First qualifying round\") of the [2013–14 UEFA Europa League](/wiki/2013%E2%80%9314_UEFA_Europa_League \"2013–14 UEFA Europa League\").\n\n",
"Results\n-------\n\n### Preliminary round\n\nThis round was entered by the bottom eight from the twelve 2012–13 [Segona Divisió](/wiki/Segona_Divisi%C3%B3 \"Segona Divisió\") teams at the time of the mid\\-season break: [UE Extremenya](/wiki/UE_Extremenya \"UE Extremenya\"), [Atlètic Club d'Escaldes](/wiki/Atl%C3%A8tic_Club_d%27Escaldes \"Atlètic Club d'Escaldes\"), [FC Santa Coloma B](/wiki/FC_Santa_Coloma \"FC Santa Coloma\"), [Principat B](/wiki/CE_Principat \"CE Principat\"), [FC Rànger's](/wiki/FC_R%C3%A0nger%27s \"FC Rànger's\"), [FC Encamp B](/wiki/FC_Encamp \"FC Encamp\"), [FS La Massana](/wiki/FS_La_Massana \"FS La Massana\") and [Penya Encarnada d'Andorra](/wiki/Penya_Encarnada_d%27Andorra \"Penya Encarnada d'Andorra\"). The matches were played on 13 January 2013\\.\n\n\\|}\n\n### First elimination round\n\nThis round was entered by the top four from the twelve 2012–13 [Segona Divisió](/wiki/Segona_Divisi%C3%B3 \"Segona Divisió\") teams at the time of the mid\\-season break: [FC Ordino](/wiki/FC_Ordino \"FC Ordino\"), [UE Santa Coloma B](/wiki/UE_Santa_Coloma \"UE Santa Coloma\"), [Casa Estrella del Benfica](/wiki/Casa_Estrella_del_Benfica \"Casa Estrella del Benfica\") and [Lusitanos B](/wiki/Lusitanos \"Lusitanos\") and will join the winners of the preliminary elimination round. The matches were played on 27 January 2013\\.\n\n\\|}\n\n### Second elimination round\n\nThe teams from [2011–12 Primera Divisió](/wiki/2011%E2%80%9312_Primera_Divisi%C3%B3 \"2011–12 Primera Divisió\") placed fifth to eighth after 10 rounds played – [CE Principat](/wiki/CE_Principat \"CE Principat\"), [UE Engordany](/wiki/UE_Engordany \"UE Engordany\"), [FC Encamp](/wiki/FC_Encamp \"FC Encamp\") and [Inter Club d'Escaldes](/wiki/Inter_Club_d%27Escaldes \"Inter Club d'Escaldes\") – entered in this round and joined the winners of the first elimination round. For each match, one Segona Divisió and one Primera Divisió team have been drawn together. The matches were played on 24 February 2013\\.\n\n\\|}\n\n### Third elimination round\n\nThe winners from the previous round will compete in this round together with the teams from Primera Divisió placed first to fourth after 10 rounds played – [FC Lusitanos](/wiki/FC_Lusitanos \"FC Lusitanos\"), [UE Sant Julià](/wiki/UE_Sant_Juli%C3%A0 \"UE Sant Julià\"), [FC Santa Coloma](/wiki/FC_Santa_Coloma \"FC Santa Coloma\") and [UE Santa Coloma](/wiki/UE_Santa_Coloma \"UE Santa Coloma\"). The first legs will be played on 28 April 2013, while the second legs took place on 5 May 2013\\.\n\n\\|}\n\n### Semi\\-finals\n\nThe first legs will be played on 12 May 2013 while the second legs will be played on 19 May 2013\\.\n\n\\|}\n\n### Final\n\n",
"### Preliminary round\n\nThis round was entered by the bottom eight from the twelve 2012–13 [Segona Divisió](/wiki/Segona_Divisi%C3%B3 \"Segona Divisió\") teams at the time of the mid\\-season break: [UE Extremenya](/wiki/UE_Extremenya \"UE Extremenya\"), [Atlètic Club d'Escaldes](/wiki/Atl%C3%A8tic_Club_d%27Escaldes \"Atlètic Club d'Escaldes\"), [FC Santa Coloma B](/wiki/FC_Santa_Coloma \"FC Santa Coloma\"), [Principat B](/wiki/CE_Principat \"CE Principat\"), [FC Rànger's](/wiki/FC_R%C3%A0nger%27s \"FC Rànger's\"), [FC Encamp B](/wiki/FC_Encamp \"FC Encamp\"), [FS La Massana](/wiki/FS_La_Massana \"FS La Massana\") and [Penya Encarnada d'Andorra](/wiki/Penya_Encarnada_d%27Andorra \"Penya Encarnada d'Andorra\"). The matches were played on 13 January 2013\\.\n\n\\|}\n\n",
"### First elimination round\n\nThis round was entered by the top four from the twelve 2012–13 [Segona Divisió](/wiki/Segona_Divisi%C3%B3 \"Segona Divisió\") teams at the time of the mid\\-season break: [FC Ordino](/wiki/FC_Ordino \"FC Ordino\"), [UE Santa Coloma B](/wiki/UE_Santa_Coloma \"UE Santa Coloma\"), [Casa Estrella del Benfica](/wiki/Casa_Estrella_del_Benfica \"Casa Estrella del Benfica\") and [Lusitanos B](/wiki/Lusitanos \"Lusitanos\") and will join the winners of the preliminary elimination round. The matches were played on 27 January 2013\\.\n\n\\|}\n\n",
"### Second elimination round\n\nThe teams from [2011–12 Primera Divisió](/wiki/2011%E2%80%9312_Primera_Divisi%C3%B3 \"2011–12 Primera Divisió\") placed fifth to eighth after 10 rounds played – [CE Principat](/wiki/CE_Principat \"CE Principat\"), [UE Engordany](/wiki/UE_Engordany \"UE Engordany\"), [FC Encamp](/wiki/FC_Encamp \"FC Encamp\") and [Inter Club d'Escaldes](/wiki/Inter_Club_d%27Escaldes \"Inter Club d'Escaldes\") – entered in this round and joined the winners of the first elimination round. For each match, one Segona Divisió and one Primera Divisió team have been drawn together. The matches were played on 24 February 2013\\.\n\n\\|}\n\n",
"### Third elimination round\n\nThe winners from the previous round will compete in this round together with the teams from Primera Divisió placed first to fourth after 10 rounds played – [FC Lusitanos](/wiki/FC_Lusitanos \"FC Lusitanos\"), [UE Sant Julià](/wiki/UE_Sant_Juli%C3%A0 \"UE Sant Julià\"), [FC Santa Coloma](/wiki/FC_Santa_Coloma \"FC Santa Coloma\") and [UE Santa Coloma](/wiki/UE_Santa_Coloma \"UE Santa Coloma\"). The first legs will be played on 28 April 2013, while the second legs took place on 5 May 2013\\.\n\n\\|}\n\n",
"### Semi\\-finals\n\nThe first legs will be played on 12 May 2013 while the second legs will be played on 19 May 2013\\.\n\n\\|}\n\n",
"### Final\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Copa Constitució](https://web.archive.org/web/20130227023621/http://www.faf.ad/index.php/ca/competicions-nacionals/futbol/copa-constitucio.html) at [Andorran Football Federation](/wiki/Andorran_Football_Federation \"Andorran Football Federation\") \n\n[Category:Copa Constitució seasons](/wiki/Category:Copa_Constituci%C3%B3_seasons \"Copa Constitució seasons\")\n[Andorra](/wiki/Category:2012%E2%80%9313_domestic_association_football_cups \"2012–13 domestic association football cups\")\n[Copa](/wiki/Category:2012%E2%80%9313_in_Andorran_football \"2012–13 in Andorran football\")\n\n"
]
} |
Eulepidotis preclara | {
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40600116
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"ShortDescBot"
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} | ryrim8xb3dpgwwk8kicu22qhmsazl24 | 2021-01-07T14:49:13Z | 970,002,485 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Eulepidotis preclara*** is a [moth](/wiki/Moth \"Moth\") of the family [Erebidae](/wiki/Erebidae \"Erebidae\"). It is found in the [Neotropical realm](/wiki/Neotropical_realm \"Neotropical realm\"), including [Peru](/wiki/Peru \"Peru\").\n\nIt was [described](/wiki/Species_description \"Species description\") by [Edward L. Todd](/wiki/Edward_L._Todd \"Edward L. Todd\") in 1962\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Moths described in 1962](/wiki/Category:Moths_described_in_1962 \"Moths described in 1962\")\n[preclara](/wiki/Category:Eulepidotis \"Eulepidotis\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Seaway Pipeline | {
"id": [
27823944
],
"name": [
"GreenC bot"
]
} | 82ybfovtl2iukdfro7jfvkekcrngxdx | 2024-09-03T06:51:45Z | 1,147,955,113 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"Details",
"Expansion plans",
"Competition",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
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"\n\nThe **Seaway Crude Pipeline System** (SCPS), commonly known as the **Seaway Pipeline**, is an [oil](/wiki/Petroleum \"Petroleum\") [pipeline system](/wiki/Pipeline_transport \"Pipeline transport\") which transports crude oil between [Cushing, Oklahoma](/wiki/Cushing%2C_Oklahoma \"Cushing, Oklahoma\") and [Freeport, Texas](/wiki/Freeport%2C_Texas \"Freeport, Texas\"), and through the [Texas City, Texas](/wiki/Texas_City%2C_Texas \"Texas City, Texas\") Terminal and Distribution System on the [Gulf Coast of the United States](/wiki/Gulf_Coast_of_the_United_States \"Gulf Coast of the United States\"). The Seaway is an important crude oil transfer link between two [petroleum regions](/wiki/Petroleum_Administration_for_Defense_Districts \"Petroleum Administration for Defense Districts\") within the United States.\n\nAlthough Seaway shipped oil north (to Cushing) for many years, in June 2012 the flow of the system was reversed to ship oil south (out of Cushing).\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nThe Seaway Pipeline was originally built by a consortium of oil industry firms formed in 1974 named Seaway Pipeline, Inc. for transferring (then) cheap foreign oil from Texas ports to refineries in the Midwest. After two years of construction, the system became operational on 23 November 1976, and pumped crude oil north until 1982\\.\n\nIn 1984, the other consortium members were bought out by Phillips. Seeking to capitalize on the pipeline's location to gather raw natural gas in Oklahoma and Texas for transport to the company's refinery complex at Sweeny, Texas, and other refineries near Houston, Phillips converted the system to ship natural gas south instead of shipping crude oil north. Phillips called that arrangement the \"Seagas Pipeline\".\n\nIn 1995, [Atlantic Richfield](/wiki/ARCO \"ARCO\") bought a 50% interest from [Conoco](/wiki/Conoco \"Conoco\") through a subsidiary (ARCO Pipeline), and the system was converted from shipping natural gas south to shipping oil north to Cushing in 1996\\.\n\nIn 2000, Texas Eastern Products Pipeline Company (TEPP or TEPPCO), an indirect subsidiary of [Duke Energy](/wiki/Duke_Energy \"Duke Energy\") through [TEPPCO Partners](/wiki/TEPPCO_Partners \"TEPPCO Partners\"), bought the stock of ARCO Pipeline, acquiring their 50% interest in the system, and became the primary operator.\n\nIn 2005, Texas Eastern Products Pipeline, was acquired by [Enterprise Products Partners](/wiki/Enterprise_Products_Partners \"Enterprise Products Partners\") L.P. in 2005, and Enterprise Products became the system operator with a 50% stake.\n\nIn late 2011, Canadian pipeline company [Enbridge](/wiki/Enbridge \"Enbridge\") bought Conoco's remaining 50% interest in the company for $1\\.15 billion. The Seaway Crude Pipeline Company LLC (a joint venture between Enterprise Products and Enbridge) became the pipeline's operator.\n\nIn late May 2012, the Seaway's flow was reversed, and crude began arriving at Freeport on 6 June 2012\\.\n\nOn January 11, 2013, the Seaway's capacity was increased to .\n\nOn January 30, 2017, a Texas Department of Transportation crew accidentally dug into the Seaway Pipeline near [Blue Ridge, Texas](/wiki/Blue_Ridge%2C_Texas \"Blue Ridge, Texas\"), causing a large spill. On January 30, 2017, a road crew punctured the Seaway pipeline near [Dallas](/wiki/Dallas \"Dallas\"). Two days later, it was unclear how much oil had spilled over the nearby Highway 121\\. After the incident, supply concerns reportedly helped push oil prices 2% higher.\n\n",
"Details\n-------\n\nAs of June 2012, the entire system is long, of which, are in the long\\-haul (Cushing to Freeport) portion of the pipeline. The system was then capable of carrying approximately of oil.\n\n",
"Expansion plans\n---------------\n\nPlans have been announced to increase Seaway's capacity to in 2013 (completed as of 11 January 2013\\) and, in 2014, adding additional capacity via a \"twin\" long\\-haul pipeline. As well as for an lateral to the ECHO crude storage facility in southwest Houston and the [Port Arthur](/wiki/Port_Arthur%2C_Texas \"Port Arthur, Texas\")/[Beaumont](/wiki/Beaumont%2C_Texas \"Beaumont, Texas\") refining complex.\n\n",
"Competition\n-----------\n\nSeveral competing pipelines between Cushing and the Houston region have been proposed over the years, no other directly competing pipeline has yet been built. Although there is one larger pipeline which also connects the midwest with the Gulf Coast, the Capline, but which bypasses Cushing. The Capline has been pumping offshore oil north from Louisiana to [Patoka, Illinois](/wiki/Patoka%2C_Illinois \"Patoka, Illinois\") since the 1960s.\n\nHowever, planning for Phase 3 (a.k.a. the \"Southern Leg\", \"Cushing MarketLink\", or \"Gulf Coast Pipeline Project\") of the proposed [Keystone XL](/wiki/Keystone_Pipeline \"Keystone Pipeline\") show that it would run from Cushing to [Nederland, Texas](/wiki/Nederland%2C_Texas \"Nederland, Texas\") near Port Arthur, where it could tie into an existing pipeline to the Houston area.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [List of oil pipelines](/wiki/List_of_oil_pipelines \"List of oil pipelines\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Seaway Crude Petroleum Company LLC](http://seawaypipeline.com/) owner and operator\n* [Seaway Crude Oil Pipeline](http://abarrelfull.wikidot.com/seaway-crude-oil-pipeline) description on \"A Barrel Full\" wiki\n\n[Category:Crude oil pipelines in the United States](/wiki/Category:Crude_oil_pipelines_in_the_United_States \"Crude oil pipelines in the United States\")\n[Category:Petroleum in Oklahoma](/wiki/Category:Petroleum_in_Oklahoma \"Petroleum in Oklahoma\")\n[Category:Petroleum in Texas](/wiki/Category:Petroleum_in_Texas \"Petroleum in Texas\")\n[Category:Energy infrastructure completed in 1976](/wiki/Category:Energy_infrastructure_completed_in_1976 \"Energy infrastructure completed in 1976\")\n[Category:Enbridge pipelines](/wiki/Category:Enbridge_pipelines \"Enbridge pipelines\")\n[Category:Oil pipelines in Texas](/wiki/Category:Oil_pipelines_in_Texas \"Oil pipelines in Texas\")\n[Category:Oil pipelines in Oklahoma](/wiki/Category:Oil_pipelines_in_Oklahoma \"Oil pipelines in Oklahoma\")\n\n"
]
} |
Weightlifting at the 2010 Asian Games – Women's 58 kg | {
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27015025
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} | 6eumjf9yvz53iqu76054z0z9orwkgxf | 2022-10-23T08:03:23Z | 1,078,555,428 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Schedule",
"Records",
"Results",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **women's 58 kilograms** event at the [2010 Asian Games](/wiki/2010_Asian_Games \"2010 Asian Games\") took place on 15 November 2010 at [Dongguan Arena](/wiki/Dongguan_Arena \"Dongguan Arena\").\n\n",
"Schedule\n--------\n\nAll times are China Standard Time ([UTC\\+08:00](/wiki/UTC%2B08:00 \"00\"))\n\n| Date | Time | Event |\n\n| Monday, 15 November 2010 | 14:30 | Group B |\n| 19:00 | Group A |\n\n",
"Records\n-------\n\n",
"Results\n-------\n\nLegend\n* **NM** — No mark\n\n| Rank | Athlete | Group | Body weight | Snatch (kg)\n\n Clean \\& Jerk (kg)\n\n Total\n\n| 1 | 2 | 3 | Result | 1 | 2 | 3 | Result |\n| | A | 57\\.37 | 100 | 105 | ~~107~~ | 105 | 128 | 133 | ~~135~~ | 133 | **238** |\n| | A | 57\\.54 | 100 | 104 | ~~106~~ | 104 | ~~128~~ | 128 | ~~135~~ | 128 | **232** |\n| | A | 57\\.77 | 93 | 97 | 98 | 98 | 122 | ~~126~~ | 127 | 127 | **225** |\n| 4 | A | 57\\.74 | 90 | 93 | 97 | 97 | 118 | 123 | ~~128~~ | 123 | **220** |\n| 5 | A | 57\\.54 | 93 | ~~97~~ | ~~97~~ | 93 | ~~120~~ | ~~120~~ | 120 | 120 | **213** |\n| 6 | B | 57\\.56 | 90 | 94 | ~~97~~ | 94 | 111 | ~~115~~ | 115 | 115 | **209** |\n| 7 | B | 57\\.34 | 88 | ~~91~~ | ~~91~~ | 88 | 112 | 118 | ~~121~~ | 118 | **206** |\n| 8 | B | 56\\.99 | 90 | ~~94~~ | 94 | 94 | ~~111~~ | ~~111~~ | 111 | 111 | **205** |\n| 9 | A | 57\\.55 | 87 | ~~90~~ | 90 | 90 | 112 | ~~117~~ | ~~117~~ | 112 | **202** |\n| 10 | B | 57\\.72 | 86 | 88 | 90 | 90 | 108 | 111 | ~~114~~ | 111 | **201** |\n| 11 | A | 57\\.03 | ~~85~~ | 85 | ~~90~~ | 85 | 110 | 115 | ~~116~~ | 115 | **200** |\n| 12 | B | 57\\.80 | 83 | 86 | ~~89~~ | 86 | ~~102~~ | 102 | 103 | 103 | **189** |\n| 13 | B | 57\\.71 | ~~65~~ | 65 | ~~70~~ | 65 | 85 | 90 | ~~93~~ | 90 | **155** |\n| 14 | B | 55\\.58 | 35 | ~~40~~ | ~~40~~ | 35 | ~~45~~ | 45 | ~~47~~ | 45 | **80** |\n| — | A | 57\\.84 | ~~87~~ | ~~87~~ | ~~87~~ | — | — | — | — | — | **NM** |\n",
"References\n----------\n\n* [Results at iwf.net](http://www.iwf.net/results/results-by-events/?event=129)\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Results](http://www.gz2010.cn/info/ENG_ENG/ZZ/ZZS103A_WL@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ENG.html) \n\n[Category:Weightlifting at the 2010 Asian Games](/wiki/Category:Weightlifting_at_the_2010_Asian_Games \"Weightlifting at the 2010 Asian Games\")\n\n"
]
} |
Brecknock (Camden, Delaware) | {
"id": [
753665
],
"name": [
"Ser Amantio di Nicolao"
]
} | 0g6vg4kaof5ghgfs4uossjkt5f1v1to | 2023-08-05T21:27:34Z | 1,090,392,538 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Brecknock**, also known as the Howell's Mill Seat, is a historic home located near [Camden](/wiki/Camden%2C_Delaware \"Camden, Delaware\"), [Kent County, Delaware](/wiki/Kent_County%2C_Delaware \"Kent County, Delaware\"). The house is in four sections; two of brick and two frame. The original one\\-room house possibly dates before 1700 and is constructed of brick. A brick section was added in the 1740s. The \\-story, frame, main house was added in the mid\\-18th century and abuts the second brick section. The final frame section was added in the 1880s and is a four\\-room apartment originally built for the wagon driver, but later incorporated into the house. and **\n\nIt was added to the [National Register of Historic Places](/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places \"National Register of Historic Places\") in 1974\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:Historic American Buildings Survey in Delaware](/wiki/Category:Historic_American_Buildings_Survey_in_Delaware \"Historic American Buildings Survey in Delaware\")\n[Category:Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Delaware](/wiki/Category:Houses_on_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Delaware \"Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Delaware\")\n[Category:Houses completed in 1700](/wiki/Category:Houses_completed_in_1700 \"Houses completed in 1700\")\n[Category:Houses in Kent County, Delaware](/wiki/Category:Houses_in_Kent_County%2C_Delaware \"Houses in Kent County, Delaware\")\n[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Kent County, Delaware](/wiki/Category:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Kent_County%2C_Delaware \"National Register of Historic Places in Kent County, Delaware\")\n[Category:1700 establishments in Delaware](/wiki/Category:1700_establishments_in_Delaware \"1700 establishments in Delaware\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Shaokao | {
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6941696
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} | 3zomvqs4tbgjmv15y22toqcm21d1qmo | 2024-06-13T14:13:41Z | 1,223,714,696 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Kaochuan or yangrouchuan",
"History",
"Prominence",
"In Beijing",
"In Thailand",
"See also",
"References",
"Further reading"
],
"level": [
1,
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"content": [
"\n\n[thumbnail\\|upright\\=1\\.3\\|Shaokao ([street stall](/wiki/Food_stall \"Food stall\") barbecue) outside [Chengdu University](/wiki/Chengdu_University \"Chengdu University\") in [Sichuan](/wiki/Sichuan \"Sichuan\"), China](/wiki/File:Shaokao.jpg \"Shaokao.jpg\")\n***Shaokao*** (), also [romanized](/wiki/Romanization_of_Chinese \"Romanization of Chinese\") as **shao kao**, is the Chinese translation of \"[barbecue](/wiki/Barbecue \"Barbecue\")\". Chinese variants of the practice constitute a significant aspect of [Chinese cuisine](/wiki/Chinese_cuisine \"Chinese cuisine\"). In China, it is predominantly found on busy Chinese streets and [night markets](/wiki/Night_market \"Night market\") as a [street food](/wiki/Street_food \"Street food\") sold in [food stalls](/wiki/Food_stall \"Food stall\") and is a type of *[xiaochi](/wiki/Xiaochi \"Xiaochi\")*. In China and elsewhere, such as in the United States, diners sometimes also order [beer](/wiki/Beer \"Beer\") as an accompaniment.\n\nShaokao typically consists of heavily spiced, barbecued foods on [skewers](/wiki/Skewer \"Skewer\"). It is available in almost all of the cities in China, and is a prominent dish in [Beijing](/wiki/Beijing \"Beijing\"), China, where some restaurants set up food stalls outdoors to purvey the product. Concerns about [air pollution](/wiki/Air_pollution \"Air pollution\") generated from shaokao vendors associated with increased [smog](/wiki/Smog \"Smog\") levels in Beijing have prompted restrictions.\n\n",
"Kaochuan or yangrouchuan\n------------------------\n\n[thumb\\|Teriyaki Beef Skewers \\- Chocolate Buddha](/wiki/File:Kao_yangrouchuan.jpg \"Kao yangrouchuan.jpg\")\nThe main part of shaokao are \"Yangrouchuan\" or \"kaochuan\". (yangrouchaun is 羊肉串, this refers to lamb skewers only)\nYangrouchuan typically consists of heavily spiced, barbecued foods on [skewers](/wiki/Skewer \"Skewer\"). In China, mutton skewers (Chinese pinyin: kǎochuàn; Uighur: كاۋاپ, kawap), or grilled skewers, skewers, have a long history, from April to July 2012, Ningxia Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology. When the fourth archaeological excavation was carried out in the Lehan cemetery, meat skewers were found in the M17 tomb. In the archaeological finds of the [Liao dynasty](/wiki/Liao_dynasty \"Liao dynasty\"), it was found that an unearthed mural on the Aohan Banner in Inner [Mongolia](/wiki/Mongolia \"Mongolia\") was painted with three Khitan people in the coffin, sitting around the hot pot and eating skewers and clams. But in modern times, the popularity of skewers spread from Xinjiang to various places around 1980\\.\n\nIn China, [skewers](/wiki/Skewer \"Skewer\") often sell other types of grilled foods at the same time, so skewers are often referred to as grills, and kebabs are often used as a synonym for skewers as the most common skewer. The behavior of eating skewers is called eating barbecues, skewers, and the like. Due to the different eating habits of different localities and ethnic groups, the style of skewers varies from region to region.\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nThe origin of the [kebabs](/wiki/Kebabs \"Kebabs\") or shaokao is generally considered to be related to the nomadic people, but when it appears and flourishes, the text is unknown. As early as 1800 years ago, there was a kebab in China. The \"Portrait of the Han Dynasty\" has a stone carving image of the kebab. The [Mawangdui](/wiki/Mawangdui \"Mawangdui\") No. 1 Han Tomb also unearthed a [barbecue](/wiki/Barbecue \"Barbecue\") fan.\nIn the 1980s, archaeologists discovered two stone carvings of kebabs in a [tomb](/wiki/Tomb \"Tomb\") of the late [Eastern Han dynasty](/wiki/Eastern_Han_dynasty \"Eastern Han dynasty\"), which was unearthed in Wulibao Village, Linyi City, Lunan. The study found the two paintings. The characters are Han Chinese, and the skewers they grilled are beef and mutton. These two kitchen drawings reflect the folk customs of [Lunan](/wiki/Lunan_%28disambiguation%29 \"Lunan (disambiguation)\") in 1800 years. Both of these stone sculptures have the image of kebabs. In addition to that, both of them have special tools for using two forks. They are placed on the diners and grilled, and the fans are bonfired like the kebabs of Xinjiang today. The characters in both paintings are Han Chinese. Therefore, these two kitchen drawings reflect the folk customs of the [South Han Lunan](/wiki/South_Han_Lunan \"South Han Lunan\"). This shows that the statement that the kebabs originated in [Xinjiang](/wiki/Xinjiang \"Xinjiang\") can be denied. Most people only believe that the Xinjiang kebabs are authentic. However, according to the situation above, the folk food of the Eastern Han Lunan is the source of the kebab.\nIn the early [Ming dynasty](/wiki/Ming_dynasty \"Ming dynasty\"), the beef was cut into cubes, soaked with chopped green onion, salt and tartar sauce for a while. In the late [Ming](/wiki/Ming \"Ming\") and early [Qing](/wiki/Qing \"Qing\") dynasties, the [Mongolian people](/wiki/Mongolian_people \"Mongolian people\") cooked the large pieces of beef and mutton for a while, then cooked them with cow dung. Later, after continuous improvement and development, the barbecue technology became more and more perfect. In the twenty\\-five years of Qing Daoguang (AD 1845\\), the poet Yang Jingting praised in the Department Department: \"The harsh winter barbecue tastes great. The front of the wine cellar is awkward. Fire moxibustion is best for tenderness and tenderness. This barbecue has almost reached a fascinating situation.\n\n",
"Prominence\n----------\n\nShaokao can be found in almost all of the cities in China. They are often located along streets that have a strip of [bars](/wiki/Bar_%28establishment%29 \"Bar (establishment)\"). In China, some shaokao food stalls also purvey other goods such as produce that are displayed hanging on sticks. There are also restaurants that specialize in shaokao dishes.\n\nDue to the increase of emigration from mainland China in the 1990s and beyond, shaokao restaurants are also appearing in the United States, Canada, Australia and other countries with large Chinese diasporas.\n\n### In Beijing\n\nIn [Beijing](/wiki/Beijing \"Beijing\"), shaokao is a very common and popular food, and some restaurants in Beijing set\\-up shaokao barbecues outside of the restaurants to purvey them to people walking on the streets. Shaokao stands are sometimes operated by migrant workers in Beijing. Shaokao stand operators are sometimes reported to the police in Beijing by neighbors who complain about the smoke and aroma that gets into homes, as well as about concerns about food poisoning that can occur from improper meat handling and cooking. In 2013, outdoor barbecue stands were banned due to [heavy smog conditions](/wiki/Pollution_in_China \"Pollution in China\"). Chinese authorities have stated that shaokao operations and [Chunjie](/wiki/Spring_and_Autumn_period \"Spring and Autumn period\") fireworks are a significant cause of smog in Beijing.\n\n### In Thailand\n\nBeginning around 2016, shaokao became a trending style of cooking in [Chiang Mai](/wiki/Chiang_Mai \"Chiang Mai\") and [Chiang Rai](/wiki/Chiang_Rai \"Chiang Rai\") in Thailand. It subsequently became popular in [Bangkok](/wiki/Bangkok \"Bangkok\") and other parts of Thailand. In Thailand, shaokao is referred to as *mala*.\n\n",
"### In Beijing\n\nIn [Beijing](/wiki/Beijing \"Beijing\"), shaokao is a very common and popular food, and some restaurants in Beijing set\\-up shaokao barbecues outside of the restaurants to purvey them to people walking on the streets. Shaokao stands are sometimes operated by migrant workers in Beijing. Shaokao stand operators are sometimes reported to the police in Beijing by neighbors who complain about the smoke and aroma that gets into homes, as well as about concerns about food poisoning that can occur from improper meat handling and cooking. In 2013, outdoor barbecue stands were banned due to [heavy smog conditions](/wiki/Pollution_in_China \"Pollution in China\"). Chinese authorities have stated that shaokao operations and [Chunjie](/wiki/Spring_and_Autumn_period \"Spring and Autumn period\") fireworks are a significant cause of smog in Beijing.\n\n",
"### In Thailand\n\nBeginning around 2016, shaokao became a trending style of cooking in [Chiang Mai](/wiki/Chiang_Mai \"Chiang Mai\") and [Chiang Rai](/wiki/Chiang_Rai \"Chiang Rai\") in Thailand. It subsequently became popular in [Bangkok](/wiki/Bangkok \"Bangkok\") and other parts of Thailand. In Thailand, shaokao is referred to as *mala*.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Brochette](/wiki/Brochette \"Brochette\")\n* [Kebab](/wiki/Kebab \"Kebab\")\n* [List of Chinese dishes](/wiki/List_of_Chinese_dishes \"List of Chinese dishes\")\n* [List of street foods](/wiki/List_of_street_foods \"List of street foods\")\n* [Mixed grill](/wiki/Mixed_grill \"Mixed grill\")\n* [Chuan (food)](/wiki/Chuan_%28food%29 \"Chuan (food)\")\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"Further reading\n---------------\n\n[Category:Barbecue](/wiki/Category:Barbecue \"Barbecue\")\n[Category:Street food in China](/wiki/Category:Street_food_in_China \"Street food in China\")\n[Category:Chinese meat dishes](/wiki/Category:Chinese_meat_dishes \"Chinese meat dishes\")\n\n"
]
} |
Henri Stempffer | {
"id": [
36761478
],
"name": [
"Kline"
]
} | gj2d6b8cmqontnlttkes1sgt831gmli | 2023-02-25T22:58:22Z | 1,098,079,387 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Biography",
"Works",
"List of taxa described",
"Species named after Henri Stempffer",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n**Henri Stempffer** (23 January 1894 – 1 November 1978\\) was a French [entomologist](/wiki/Entomologist \"Entomologist\") who specialized in the study of [Lycaenidae](/wiki/Lycaenidae \"Lycaenidae\") butterflies.\n\n",
"Biography\n---------\n\nStempffer was born on 23 January 1894 in [Paris](/wiki/Paris \"Paris\"), at 19 rue de Charonne.Luquet (G. Chr.), 2004\\. Notes bibliographiques sur la vie et la collection de Lépidoptères de… et de quelques autres lèpidoptéristes. *Alexanor* 23 (8\\): 482\\-483\n\nIn 1922, he became a member of the [French Entomological Society](/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_entomologique_de_France \"Société entomologique de France\") (of which he would be elected president in 1943\\) and subscribed to the entomological publication of Léon Lhomme, *L'Amateur de papillons*.\n\nHe then was working at the [Banque de France](/wiki/Banque_de_France \"Banque de France\") (living at 32, rue Théodore\\-Honoré at [Nogent\\-sur\\-Marne](/wiki/Nogent-sur-Marne \"Nogent-sur-Marne\"), Seine).Admissions, 1922\\. *Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France*, 32 (4\\): 46\n\nIn 1954 he became a fellow of the [Royal Entomological Society](/wiki/Royal_Entomological_Society \"Royal Entomological Society\") of London.List of the Fellows of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 1970: 38\n\nHe specialized in the study of [Lycaenidae](/wiki/Lycaenidae \"Lycaenidae\") and he became a world\\-renowned specialist publishing his work in both French and English. In 1967 he wrote a major review of the African species (*Genera of the African Lycaenidae.* Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology, Supplement 10: 1\\-322\\.)Stempffer (H.), 1967\\. Genera of the African Lycaenidae. *Bulletin of the British Museum* (Natural History), Entomology, Supplement 10: 1\\-322 \nIn 1973 he received the [Karl Jordan](/wiki/Karl_Jordan_%28zoologist%2C_born_1861%29 \"Karl Jordan (zoologist, born 1861)\") Medal of the [Lepidopterists' Society](/wiki/Lepidopterists%27_Society \"Lepidopterists' Society\").Miller (D. Lee), 1973\\. First Karl Jordan Medal awarded to Henri Stempffer. *Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society*, 27 (4\\): 311\\-312 ([online](http://images.peabody.yale.edu/lepsoc/jls/1970s/1972/1972-26(4)207-Miller.pdf) (pdf)\n\nIn 1977 he donated his collection to the entomology laboratory of the [National Museum of Natural History](/wiki/National_Museum_of_Natural_History_%28France%29 \"National Museum of Natural History (France)\") of Paris.Viette (P.), 1977\\. Les collections H. Stempffer et R. Homberg données au Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. *Alexanor* 10 (3\\): 143\\-144\\): 482\\-483\n\nAlthough he was a specialist of the African fauna, he had never been in Africa, but he visited many countries as [Italy](/wiki/Italy \"Italy\"), [Greece](/wiki/Greece \"Greece\"), and [Yugoslavia](/wiki/Yugoslavia \"Yugoslavia\").Bernardi (G.), 1978\\. Nécrologie. Henri Stempffer (1894\\-1978\\). *Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France*, 83 (9\\-10\\): 238\\-239 In 1972, at the invitation of Torben B. Larsen, he visited [Lebanon](/wiki/Lebanon \"Lebanon\").Larsen (T.), 1992\\. Hazards of butterfly collecting — the Cedars, Lebanon, 1972\\. *[The Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation](/wiki/The_Entomologist%27s_Record_and_Journal_of_Variation \"The Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation\")*, 104: 171\\-172\n\nDuring the Second World War he was part of the [resistance movement](/wiki/French_Resistance \"French Resistance\") and received the [Ordre de la Libération](/wiki/Ordre_de_la_Lib%C3%A9ration \"Ordre de la Libération\") in 1944\\.\n\nStempffer died on 1 November 1978 in Paris, at 4 rue Saint\\-Antoine.\n\n",
"Works\n-----\n\nHe wrote about 90 publications.\nThe complete list has never been published. Apart from his huge monograph already cited, he published many works in many different journals such as:\n* Contribution à l'étude des Lycaenidae de l'Afrique équatoriale, 1953\\-1961\\.\n* Contribution à l'étude des Lycaenidae de la faune éthiopienne, 1942\\-1969\\.\n* Les Lépidoptères de l'Afrique Noire Française. 3\\. Lycaenidae, 1957\\.\nSee also [list of publications](/wiki/Species:Henri_Stempffer \"Henri Stempffer\") on WikiSpecies.\n\n",
"List of taxa described\n----------------------\n\nHe named about 200 new taxa, the complete list has never been published.\n\n",
"Species named after Henri Stempffer\n-----------------------------------\n\n* *[Agrilus stempfferi](/wiki/Agrilus_stempfferi \"Agrilus stempfferi\")* Descarpentries \\& Villiers, 1963\n* *[Anthene stempfferi](/wiki/Anthene_stempfferi \"Anthene stempfferi\")* Storace 1954\n* *[Calophasia stempfferi](/wiki/Calophasia_stempfferi \"Calophasia stempfferi\")* Boursin 1929\n* *[Castalius stempfferi](/wiki/Castalius_stempfferi \"Castalius stempfferi\")* Kielland 1976\n* *[Cerautola stempfferi](/wiki/Cerautola_stempfferi \"Cerautola stempfferi\")* Jackson 1962\n* *[Epitola stempfferi](/wiki/Epitola_stempfferi \"Epitola stempfferi\")* Jackson 1962\n* *[Epitoxis stempfferi](/wiki/Epitoxis_stempfferi \"Epitoxis stempfferi\")* Kiriakoff 1954\n* *[Liptena stempfferi](/wiki/Liptena_stempfferi \"Liptena stempfferi\")* Berger, 1954\n* *[Lycaena stempfferi](/wiki/Lycaena_stempfferi \"Lycaena stempfferi\")* Brandt 1958\n* *[Ornipholidotos stempfferi](/wiki/Ornipholidotos_stempfferi \"Ornipholidotos stempfferi\")* Collins \\& Larsen 2000\n* *[Oxylides faunus stempfferi](/wiki/Oxylides_faunus_stempfferi \"Oxylides faunus stempfferi\")* Berger 1981\n* *[Polyommatus stempfferi](/wiki/Polyommatus_stempfferi \"Polyommatus stempfferi\")* Brandt 1938\n* *[Spalgis jacksoni stempfferi](/wiki/Spalgis_jacksoni_stempfferi \"Spalgis jacksoni stempfferi\")* Kielland 1985\n* *[Tetrarhanis stempfferi](/wiki/Tetrarhanis_stempfferi \"Tetrarhanis stempfferi\")* Berger 1954\n* *[Tuxentius stempfferi](/wiki/Tuxentius_stempfferi \"Tuxentius stempfferi\")* Kielland 1976\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1894 births](/wiki/Category:1894_births \"1894 births\")\n[Category:1978 deaths](/wiki/Category:1978_deaths \"1978 deaths\")\n[Category:French lepidopterists](/wiki/Category:French_lepidopterists \"French lepidopterists\")\n[Category:Presidents of the Société entomologique de France](/wiki/Category:Presidents_of_the_Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_entomologique_de_France \"Presidents of the Société entomologique de France\")\n[Category:20th\\-century French zoologists](/wiki/Category:20th-century_French_zoologists \"20th-century French zoologists\")\n\n"
]
} |
Cyprus in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 | {
"id": [
31026899
],
"name": [
"Dr vulpes"
]
} | 486rrhi99hy9khveaw8zgfobcvqktxi | 2023-04-18T08:47:48Z | 1,143,718,783 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Background",
"Before Eurovision",
"Internal selection",
"Preparation",
"At Eurovision",
"Semi-final",
"Voting",
"Points awarded to Cyprus",
"Points awarded by Cyprus",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
3,
2,
3,
3,
4,
4,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n[Cyprus](/wiki/Cyprus \"Cyprus\") participated in the [Eurovision Song Contest 2013](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2013 \"Eurovision Song Contest 2013\") with the song \"An me thimasai\" written by Andreas Giorgallis and Zenon Zindilis. The song was performed by [Despina Olympiou](/wiki/Despina_Olympiou \"Despina Olympiou\"), who was selected by the Cypriot broadcaster [Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation](/wiki/Cyprus_Broadcasting_Corporation \"Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation\") (CyBC) in February 2013 to represent Cyprus at the 2013 contest in [Malmö](/wiki/Malm%C3%B6 \"Malmö\"), Sweden. The Cypriot song, \"An me thimasai\", was presented to the public on 14 February 2013\\.\n\nCyprus was drawn to compete in the first semi\\-final of the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 14 May 2013\\. Performing during the show in position 14, \"An me thimasai\" was not announced among the top 10 entries of the first semi\\-final and therefore did not qualify to compete in the final. It was later revealed that Cyprus placed fifteenth out of the 16 participating countries in the semi\\-final with 11 points.\n\n",
"Background\n----------\n\nPrior to the 2013 contest, Cyprus had participated in the Eurovision Song Contest thirty times since their debut in the [1981 contest](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_1981 \"Eurovision Song Contest 1981\"). Its best placing was fifth, which it achieved three times: in the [1982 competition](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_1982 \"Eurovision Song Contest 1982\") with the song \"Mono i agapi\" performed by [Anna Vissi](/wiki/Anna_Vissi \"Anna Vissi\"), in the [1997 edition](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_1997 \"Eurovision Song Contest 1997\") with \"Mana mou\" performed by Hara and Andreas Constantinou, and the [2004 contest](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2004 \"Eurovision Song Contest 2004\") with \"Stronger Every Minute\" performed by [Lisa Andreas](/wiki/Lisa_Andreas \"Lisa Andreas\"). Cyprus' least successful result was in the [1986 contest](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_1986 \"Eurovision Song Contest 1986\") when it placed last with the song \"Tora zo\" by [Elpida](/wiki/Elpida_%28singer%29 \"Elpida (singer)\"), receiving only four points in total. However, its worst finish in terms of points received was when it placed second to last in the [1999 contest](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_1999 \"Eurovision Song Contest 1999\") with \"Tha'nai erotas\" by [Marlain Angelidou](/wiki/Marlain_Angelides \"Marlain Angelides\"), receiving only two points. The nation managed to qualify to the final in and place sixteenth with the song \"[La La Love](/wiki/La_La_Love \"La La Love\")\" performed by [Ivi Adamou](/wiki/Ivi_Adamou \"Ivi Adamou\").\n\nThe Cypriot national broadcaster, [Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation](/wiki/Cyprus_Broadcasting_Corporation \"Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation\") (CyBC), broadcasts the event within Cyprus and organises the selection process for the nation's entry. Despite considerations for a withdrawal due to the [2012–13 Cypriot financial crisis](/wiki/2012%E2%80%9313_Cypriot_financial_crisis \"2012–13 Cypriot financial crisis\"), CyBC confirmed their intentions to participate at the 2013 Eurovision Song Contest on 5 December 2012\\. Cyprus has used various methods to select the Cypriot entry in the past, such as internal selections and televised national finals to choose the performer, song or both to compete at Eurovision. In 2012, the broadcaster internally selected the artist and organised a national final to select the song. CyBC opted to select both the artist and song for the 2013 contest via an internal selection, a method which was last used by the broadcaster in 2007\\.\n\n",
"Before Eurovision\n-----------------\n\n### Internal selection\n\n[thumb\\|Despina Olympiou was internally selected to represent Cyprus in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013](/wiki/File:ESC2013_-_Cyprus_03_%28cropped%29.jpg \"ESC2013 - Cyprus 03 (cropped).jpg\")\nIn January 2013, it was reported by Cypriot media that CyBC had shortlisted six artists to become the Cypriot artist for the Eurovision Song Contest 2013: [Despina Olympiou](/wiki/Despina_Olympiou \"Despina Olympiou\"), Giorgos Doukas, [Giorgos Papadopoulos](/wiki/Giorgos_Papadopoulos_%28singer%29 \"Giorgos Papadopoulos (singer)\"), [2002 Cypriot Eurovision entrant](/wiki/Cyprus_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_2002 \"Cyprus in the Eurovision Song Contest 2002\") Philipos Konstantinos, [Valanto Trifonos](/wiki/Valanto_Trifonos \"Valanto Trifonos\") and Vera Boufi. Papadopoulos was first approached by CyBC but declined the offer, while Trifonos later withdrew her candidate entry which was written by [1998 Cypriot Eurovision entrant](/wiki/Cyprus_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_1998 \"Cyprus in the Eurovision Song Contest 1998\") [Michalis Hatzigiannis](/wiki/Michalis_Hatzigiannis \"Michalis Hatzigiannis\") at the request of her record label. On 1 February 2013, CyBC announced that they had internally selected Despina Olympiou to represent Cyprus in Malmö with her contest song being written by Andreas Giorgallis and Zenon Zindilis.\n\nThe song, \"An me thimasai\", was presented to the public on 14 February 2013 during a press conference that was broadcast on [RIK 1](/wiki/RIK_1 \"RIK 1\") and [RIK Sat](/wiki/RIK_Sat \"RIK Sat\") as well as online via the broadcaster's website *cybc.cy*. The official preview video for the song was filmed in early March 2013 and released by *cytamobile* on 12 March 2013 and later via the official Eurovision Song Contest's [YouTube](/wiki/YouTube \"YouTube\") channel on 15 March 2013\\.\n\n### Preparation\n\nDespina Olympiou specifically promoted \"An me thimasai\" as the Cypriot Eurovision entry on 18 February 2013 by performing the song during the Greek Eurovision national final *[Eurosong 2013 – a MAD show](/wiki/Greece_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_2013 \"Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013\")*. Acoustic versions of \"An me thimasai\" in [Spanish](/wiki/Spanish_language \"Spanish language\") and [English](/wiki/English_language \"English language\") titled \"Si me recuerdas\" and \"If You Think of Me\", respectively were also recorded and released in early March.\n\n",
"### Internal selection\n\n[thumb\\|Despina Olympiou was internally selected to represent Cyprus in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013](/wiki/File:ESC2013_-_Cyprus_03_%28cropped%29.jpg \"ESC2013 - Cyprus 03 (cropped).jpg\")\nIn January 2013, it was reported by Cypriot media that CyBC had shortlisted six artists to become the Cypriot artist for the Eurovision Song Contest 2013: [Despina Olympiou](/wiki/Despina_Olympiou \"Despina Olympiou\"), Giorgos Doukas, [Giorgos Papadopoulos](/wiki/Giorgos_Papadopoulos_%28singer%29 \"Giorgos Papadopoulos (singer)\"), [2002 Cypriot Eurovision entrant](/wiki/Cyprus_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_2002 \"Cyprus in the Eurovision Song Contest 2002\") Philipos Konstantinos, [Valanto Trifonos](/wiki/Valanto_Trifonos \"Valanto Trifonos\") and Vera Boufi. Papadopoulos was first approached by CyBC but declined the offer, while Trifonos later withdrew her candidate entry which was written by [1998 Cypriot Eurovision entrant](/wiki/Cyprus_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_1998 \"Cyprus in the Eurovision Song Contest 1998\") [Michalis Hatzigiannis](/wiki/Michalis_Hatzigiannis \"Michalis Hatzigiannis\") at the request of her record label. On 1 February 2013, CyBC announced that they had internally selected Despina Olympiou to represent Cyprus in Malmö with her contest song being written by Andreas Giorgallis and Zenon Zindilis.\n\nThe song, \"An me thimasai\", was presented to the public on 14 February 2013 during a press conference that was broadcast on [RIK 1](/wiki/RIK_1 \"RIK 1\") and [RIK Sat](/wiki/RIK_Sat \"RIK Sat\") as well as online via the broadcaster's website *cybc.cy*. The official preview video for the song was filmed in early March 2013 and released by *cytamobile* on 12 March 2013 and later via the official Eurovision Song Contest's [YouTube](/wiki/YouTube \"YouTube\") channel on 15 March 2013\\.\n\n",
"### Preparation\n\nDespina Olympiou specifically promoted \"An me thimasai\" as the Cypriot Eurovision entry on 18 February 2013 by performing the song during the Greek Eurovision national final *[Eurosong 2013 – a MAD show](/wiki/Greece_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_2013 \"Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013\")*. Acoustic versions of \"An me thimasai\" in [Spanish](/wiki/Spanish_language \"Spanish language\") and [English](/wiki/English_language \"English language\") titled \"Si me recuerdas\" and \"If You Think of Me\", respectively were also recorded and released in early March.\n\n",
"At Eurovision\n-------------\n\nAccording to Eurovision rules, all nations with the exceptions of the host country and the \"[Big Five](/wiki/Big_Five_%28Eurovision%29 \"Big Five (Eurovision)\")\" (France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom) are required to qualify from one of two semi\\-finals in order to compete for the final; the top ten countries from each semi\\-final progress to the final. The [European Broadcasting Union](/wiki/European_Broadcasting_Union \"European Broadcasting Union\") (EBU) split up the competing countries into six different pots based on voting patterns from previous contests, with countries with favourable voting histories put into the same pot. On 17 January 2013, a special allocation draw was held which placed each country into one of the two semi\\-finals, as well as which half of the show they would perform in. Cyprus was placed into the first semi\\-final, to be held on 14 May 2013, and was scheduled to perform in the second half of the show.\n\nOnce all the competing songs for the 2013 contest had been released, the running order for the semi\\-finals was decided by the shows' producers rather than through another draw, so that similar songs were not placed next to each other. Cyprus was set to perform in position 14, following the entry from [Ireland](/wiki/Ireland_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_2013 \"Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013\") and before the entry from [Belgium](/wiki/Belgium_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_2013 \"Belgium in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013\").\n\nThe two semi\\-finals and the final were broadcast in Cyprus on [RIK 1](/wiki/RIK_1 \"RIK 1\"), [RIK SAT](/wiki/Cyprus_Broadcasting_Corporation%23RIK_Sat \"Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation#RIK Sat\"), [RIK HD](/wiki/Cyprus_Broadcasting_Corporation%23CyBC_HD \"Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation#CyBC HD\") and [RIK Triton](/wiki/Cyprus_Broadcasting_Corporation \"Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation\") with commentary by Melina Karageorgiou. The Cypriot spokesperson, who announced the Cypriot votes during the final, was Loukas Hamatsos.\n\n### Semi\\-final\n\n[thumb\\|Despina Olympiou during a rehearsal before the first semi\\-finalDespina](/wiki/File:ESC2013_-_Cyprus_01.JPG \"ESC2013 - Cyprus 01.JPG\") Olympiou took part in technical rehearsals on 7 and 10 May, followed by dress rehearsals on 13 and 14 May. This included the jury show on 13 May where the professional juries of each country watched and voted on the competing entries. The Cypriot performance featured Despina Olympiou wearing a black silk dress with tulle elements and performing alone in the centre of the stage with a microphone stand. The LED screens displayed blue shades with wind machines and a split screen effect being used for the performance.\n\nAt the end of the show, Cyprus was not announced among the top 10 entries in the first semi\\-final and therefore failed to qualify to compete in the final. It was later revealed that Cyprus placed fifteenth in the semi\\-final, receiving a total of 11 points.\n\n### Voting\n\nVoting during the three shows consisted of 50 percent public televoting and 50 percent from a jury deliberation. The jury consisted of five music industry professionals who were citizens of the country they represent. This jury was asked to judge each contestant based on: vocal capacity; the stage performance; the song's composition and originality; and the overall impression by the act. In addition, no member of a national jury could be related in any way to any of the competing acts in such a way that they cannot vote impartially and independently.\n\nFollowing the release of the full split voting by the EBU after the conclusion of the competition, it was revealed that Cyprus had placed fourteenth with the public televote and twelfth with the jury vote in the first semi\\-final. In the public vote, Cyprus received an average rank of 12\\.00, while with the jury vote, Cyprus received an average rank of 9\\.47\\.\n\nBelow is a breakdown of points awarded to Cyprus and awarded by Cyprus in the first semi\\-final and grand final of the contest. The nation awarded its 12 points to Ukraine in the semi\\-final and to Greece in the final of the contest.\n\n#### Points awarded to Cyprus\n\n| \\+ Points awarded to Cyprus (Semi\\-final 1\\) |\n| --- |\n| Score | Country |\n| 12 points | |\n| 10 points | |\n| 8 points | |\n| 7 points | |\n| 6 points | |\n| 5 points | |\n| 4 points | |\n| 3 points | |\n| 2 points | |\n| 1 point | |\n\n#### Points awarded by Cyprus\n\n| \\+ Points awarded by Cyprus (Semi\\-final 1\\) |\n| --- |\n| Score | Country |\n| 12 points | |\n| 10 points | |\n| 8 points | |\n| 7 points | |\n| 6 points | |\n| 5 points | |\n| 4 points | |\n| 3 points | |\n| 2 points | |\n| 1 point | |\n\n| \\+ Points awarded by Cyprus (Final) |\n| --- |\n| Score | Country |\n| 12 points | |\n| 10 points | |\n| 8 points | |\n| 7 points | |\n| 6 points | |\n| 5 points | |\n| 4 points | |\n| 3 points | |\n| 2 points | |\n| 1 point | |\n\n",
"### Semi\\-final\n\n[thumb\\|Despina Olympiou during a rehearsal before the first semi\\-finalDespina](/wiki/File:ESC2013_-_Cyprus_01.JPG \"ESC2013 - Cyprus 01.JPG\") Olympiou took part in technical rehearsals on 7 and 10 May, followed by dress rehearsals on 13 and 14 May. This included the jury show on 13 May where the professional juries of each country watched and voted on the competing entries. The Cypriot performance featured Despina Olympiou wearing a black silk dress with tulle elements and performing alone in the centre of the stage with a microphone stand. The LED screens displayed blue shades with wind machines and a split screen effect being used for the performance.\n\nAt the end of the show, Cyprus was not announced among the top 10 entries in the first semi\\-final and therefore failed to qualify to compete in the final. It was later revealed that Cyprus placed fifteenth in the semi\\-final, receiving a total of 11 points.\n\n",
"### Voting\n\nVoting during the three shows consisted of 50 percent public televoting and 50 percent from a jury deliberation. The jury consisted of five music industry professionals who were citizens of the country they represent. This jury was asked to judge each contestant based on: vocal capacity; the stage performance; the song's composition and originality; and the overall impression by the act. In addition, no member of a national jury could be related in any way to any of the competing acts in such a way that they cannot vote impartially and independently.\n\nFollowing the release of the full split voting by the EBU after the conclusion of the competition, it was revealed that Cyprus had placed fourteenth with the public televote and twelfth with the jury vote in the first semi\\-final. In the public vote, Cyprus received an average rank of 12\\.00, while with the jury vote, Cyprus received an average rank of 9\\.47\\.\n\nBelow is a breakdown of points awarded to Cyprus and awarded by Cyprus in the first semi\\-final and grand final of the contest. The nation awarded its 12 points to Ukraine in the semi\\-final and to Greece in the final of the contest.\n\n#### Points awarded to Cyprus\n\n| \\+ Points awarded to Cyprus (Semi\\-final 1\\) |\n| --- |\n| Score | Country |\n| 12 points | |\n| 10 points | |\n| 8 points | |\n| 7 points | |\n| 6 points | |\n| 5 points | |\n| 4 points | |\n| 3 points | |\n| 2 points | |\n| 1 point | |\n\n#### Points awarded by Cyprus\n\n| \\+ Points awarded by Cyprus (Semi\\-final 1\\) |\n| --- |\n| Score | Country |\n| 12 points | |\n| 10 points | |\n| 8 points | |\n| 7 points | |\n| 6 points | |\n| 5 points | |\n| 4 points | |\n| 3 points | |\n| 2 points | |\n| 1 point | |\n\n| \\+ Points awarded by Cyprus (Final) |\n| --- |\n| Score | Country |\n| 12 points | |\n| 10 points | |\n| 8 points | |\n| 7 points | |\n| 6 points | |\n| 5 points | |\n| 4 points | |\n| 3 points | |\n| 2 points | |\n| 1 point | |\n\n",
"#### Points awarded to Cyprus\n\n| \\+ Points awarded to Cyprus (Semi\\-final 1\\) |\n| --- |\n| Score | Country |\n| 12 points | |\n| 10 points | |\n| 8 points | |\n| 7 points | |\n| 6 points | |\n| 5 points | |\n| 4 points | |\n| 3 points | |\n| 2 points | |\n| 1 point | |\n\n",
"#### Points awarded by Cyprus\n\n| \\+ Points awarded by Cyprus (Semi\\-final 1\\) |\n| --- |\n| Score | Country |\n| 12 points | |\n| 10 points | |\n| 8 points | |\n| 7 points | |\n| 6 points | |\n| 5 points | |\n| 4 points | |\n| 3 points | |\n| 2 points | |\n| 1 point | |\n\n| \\+ Points awarded by Cyprus (Final) |\n| --- |\n| Score | Country |\n| 12 points | |\n| 10 points | |\n| 8 points | |\n| 7 points | |\n| 6 points | |\n| 5 points | |\n| 4 points | |\n| 3 points | |\n| 2 points | |\n| 1 point | |\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[2013](/wiki/Category:Cyprus_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest \"Cyprus in the Eurovision Song Contest\")\n[Category:Countries in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013](/wiki/Category:Countries_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_2013 \"Countries in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013\")\n[Eurovision](/wiki/Category:2013_in_Cyprus \"2013 in Cyprus\")\n\n"
]
} |
Shioya | {
"id": [
39374154
],
"name": [
"Michaelwallace22"
]
} | 6p15zjw0blmbunywu0g5byg1y8tllb0 | 2021-04-14T20:33:34Z | 1,012,756,522 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Shioya"
],
"level": [
1
],
"content": [
"**Shioya** (written: 塩屋) is a [Japanese surname](/wiki/Japanese_surname \"Japanese surname\"). Notable people with the surname include:\n\n* [Kōzō Shioya](/wiki/K%C5%8Dz%C5%8D_Shioya \"Kōzō Shioya\") (born 1955\\), Japanese voice actor\n* [Shun Shioya](/wiki/Shun_Shioya \"Shun Shioya\") (born 1982\\), Japanese actor\n* [Yoku Shioya](/wiki/Yoku_Shioya \"Yoku Shioya\") (born 1958\\), Japanese voice actor, brother of Kōzō\n\n[Category:Japanese\\-language surnames](/wiki/Category:Japanese-language_surnames \"Japanese-language surnames\")\n\n"
]
} |
Xinhua, Xuanhan County | {
"id": [
20483999
],
"name": [
"Monkbot"
]
} | s5dwhfh6kxzxzlx2p5zitmzbolgxmmn | 2021-01-12T18:51:48Z | 919,615,606 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Xinhua** () is a town of [Xuanhan County](/wiki/Xuanhan_County \"Xuanhan County\") in northeastern [Sichuan](/wiki/Sichuan \"Sichuan\") province, [China](/wiki/China \"China\"), located northeast of the county seat. , it has one residential community (社区) and 10 villages under its administration.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Township\\-level divisions of Sichuan](/wiki/Category:Township-level_divisions_of_Sichuan \"Township-level divisions of Sichuan\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Julius Mayreder | {
"id": [
16185737
],
"name": [
"Smasongarrison"
]
} | foo5wlr37ptxqi5xuux2dk31473gine | 2024-10-18T01:31:03Z | 1,200,264,736 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Early life",
"Education",
"Career",
"Selected works",
"Gallery",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
3,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Julius Mayreder** (26 June 1860 – 15 January 1911\\) was an [Austrian](/wiki/Austria \"Austria\") [architect](/wiki/Architect \"Architect\").\n\n",
"Early life\n----------\n\nMayreder was born the son of Leopold (1823–1892\\), a restaurateur and hotelier, and Henriette Rettmeyer (1834–1923\\). His siblings were [Karl Mayreder](/wiki/Karl_Mayreder \"Karl Mayreder\") (1856–1935\\), also a prominent Austrian architect; and Rudolf (1865–1937\\), a lawyer, civil engineer, and contractor. He married Marie Einsle (1873–1958\\) in 1904 and had a son, Frederick (1905–1954\\), also an architect.\n\n",
"Education\n---------\n\nFrom 1878 to 1880, Mayreder studied at the Technical University in Vienna, but left after two years to pursue greater artistic freedom. From 1880 to 1882, he was a student at a [Kunstgewerbeschule](/wiki/Kunstgewerbeschule \"Kunstgewerbeschule\") (school of arts and crafts). Between 1883 and 1886, he studied at the [Academy of Fine Arts Vienna](/wiki/Academy_of_Fine_Arts_Vienna \"Academy of Fine Arts Vienna\") (Akademie der bildenden Künste) under [Friedrich von Schmidt](/wiki/Friedrich_von_Schmidt \"Friedrich von Schmidt\"). In 1887, he traveled in [Greece](/wiki/Greece \"Greece\"), [Constantinople](/wiki/Constantinople \"Constantinople\"), [Italy](/wiki/Italy \"Italy\"), [Germany](/wiki/Germany \"Germany\"), and [France](/wiki/France \"France\") on a [Prix de Rome](/wiki/Prix_de_Rome \"Prix de Rome\") scholarship, awarded to promising arts students.\n\n",
"Career\n------\n\nMayreder began work in the offices of the architects [Victor Luntz](/wiki/Victor_Luntz \"Victor Luntz\") and [Adolf Lang](/wiki/Adolf_Lang \"Adolf Lang\") (in [Budapest](/wiki/Budapest \"Budapest\")) in 1888\\. In 1890, he worked in the architectural studio of [Franz von Neumann](/wiki/Franz_von_Neumann \"Franz von Neumann\"). Beginning in 1891, he worked as an independent architect.\n\nHe collaborated frequently with his brothers [Karl](/wiki/Karl_Mayreder \"Karl Mayreder\") and Rudolf. In 1893, they won a competition to manage construction in Stubenviertel, close to Vienna's historic city center. They also won second prize for a project to manage construction in all of Vienna.\n\nMayreder designed many buildings, both residential and industrial. As an architect, Mayreder favored a [Baroque](/wiki/Baroque \"Baroque\") style. He was also a founding member of the [Vienna Secession](/wiki/Vienna_Secession \"Vienna Secession\") in 1897\\.\n\nMayreder died in 1911 of a brain disease. He is buried at [Zentralfriedhof](/wiki/Zentralfriedhof \"Zentralfriedhof\"), the \"central cemetery\" of Vienna.\n\n### Selected works\n\n* 1894, Cemetery chapel, [Bystřice pod Hostýnem](/wiki/Byst%C5%99ice_pod_Host%C3%BDnem \"Bystřice pod Hostýnem\")\n* 1895, Villa Schenker, Vienna (no longer exists)\n* 1896, tombs of Spitzer Lukasc and the Schenker Family, [Heiligenstadt](/wiki/Heiligenstadt%2C_Vienna \"Heiligenstadt, Vienna\") cemetery, Vienna\n* 1898–1899, Villa Ernst Regenhart, Czech Republic\n* 1900\\-1901, \"Zum Herrnhuter\" (\"Moravians house\"), residential and commercial building, Vienna\n* c. 1901, Tilgner Fountain, Vienna\n* 1902, House, Naglergasse 6, Vienna\n* 1902, Vienna Bicycle Club, Vienna (no longer exists)\n* 1905, Pension Fortino, [Grado, Friuli\\-Venezia Giulia](/wiki/Grado%2C_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia \"Grado, Friuli-Venezia Giulia\"), Italy\n* c. 1906, Home of Rudolf Mayreder (brother), [Dürnstein](/wiki/D%C3%BCrnstein \"Dürnstein\")\n",
"### Selected works\n\n* 1894, Cemetery chapel, [Bystřice pod Hostýnem](/wiki/Byst%C5%99ice_pod_Host%C3%BDnem \"Bystřice pod Hostýnem\")\n* 1895, Villa Schenker, Vienna (no longer exists)\n* 1896, tombs of Spitzer Lukasc and the Schenker Family, [Heiligenstadt](/wiki/Heiligenstadt%2C_Vienna \"Heiligenstadt, Vienna\") cemetery, Vienna\n* 1898–1899, Villa Ernst Regenhart, Czech Republic\n* 1900\\-1901, \"Zum Herrnhuter\" (\"Moravians house\"), residential and commercial building, Vienna\n* c. 1901, Tilgner Fountain, Vienna\n* 1902, House, Naglergasse 6, Vienna\n* 1902, Vienna Bicycle Club, Vienna (no longer exists)\n* 1905, Pension Fortino, [Grado, Friuli\\-Venezia Giulia](/wiki/Grado%2C_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia \"Grado, Friuli-Venezia Giulia\"), Italy\n* c. 1906, Home of Rudolf Mayreder (brother), [Dürnstein](/wiki/D%C3%BCrnstein \"Dürnstein\")\n",
"Gallery\n-------\n\nFile:Naglergasse\\-6\\.jpg\\|Naglergasse 6, Vienna\nFile:Wien Tilgner\\-Brunnen.jpg\\|Tilgner Fountain, Vienna\nFile:Heiligenstädter Friedhof \\- Gottfried Schenker.jpg\\|Schenker tomb, \\[\\[Heiligenstadt, Vienna\\|Heiligenstadt]] cemetery, Vienna\nFile:GRADO Fortino.jpg\\|Pension Fortino, Grado\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n* M. Ritter v. Doderer: \"Nachruf.\" In: *Monatsschrift Wr. Bauhütte* 5\\.1911, Nr.2, S.18f\n* F. Borsi / E. Godoli: *Wiener Bauten der Jahrhundertwende*. Stuttgart 1985\n* ÖKT 44: G. Hajos: *Die Profanbauten des III., IV., und V. Bezirks*. Wien 1980\n* A. Kieslinger: \"Die Steine der Wiener Ringstraße.\" In: R. Wagner\\-Rieger (Hg.): *Die Wiener Ringstraße*. Bild einer Epoche Bd.4 Wiesbaden 1972\n* P. Kortz: *Wien am Anfang des 20\\. Jahrhunderts*. 2 Bde., Wien 1906\n* A. Lehne: *Jugendstil in Wien*, Wien 1989\n* A. Moravansky: *Die Architektur der Donaumonarchie*. Berlin 1988\n* *Neubauten in Österreich,* o.J. Wien\n* M. Paul: *Technischer Führer durch Wien.* Wien 1906\n* E. Springer: \"Geschichte und Kulturleben der Wiener Ringstraße.\" In: R. Wagner\\-Rieger (Hg.): *Die Wiener Ringstraße*. Bild einer Epoche Bd.2 Wiesbaden 1979\n* P. Steines: *Hunderttausend Steine*. Grabstätten gr. Österreicher jüd. Konf. a.d. Wr. Zentralfriedhof Tor 1 u. Tor 4\\. Wien 1993\n* R. Wagner\\-Rieger: *Wiens Architektur im 19\\. Jahrhundert*. Wien 1970\n* *Wiener Neubauten im Style der Sezession. Fassaden, Details, Haustore, Vestibüle*. Wien 1902\n* M. Wehdorn: \"Die Bautechnik der Wiener Ringstraße.\" In: *Die Wiener Ringstraße*. Bild einer Epoche. Bd.11, Wiesbaden 1979\n* M. Wehdorn / U. Georgeacopol\\-Winischhofer: *Baudenkmäler der Technik und Industrie in Österreich*. Bd.1 Wien u.a. 1984\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1860 births](/wiki/Category:1860_births \"1860 births\")\n[Category:1911 deaths](/wiki/Category:1911_deaths \"1911 deaths\")\n[Category:19th\\-century Austrian architects](/wiki/Category:19th-century_Austrian_architects \"19th-century Austrian architects\")\n[Category:Vienna Secession architects](/wiki/Category:Vienna_Secession_architects \"Vienna Secession architects\")\n[Category:Academy of Fine Arts Vienna alumni](/wiki/Category:Academy_of_Fine_Arts_Vienna_alumni \"Academy of Fine Arts Vienna alumni\")\n[Category:Artists from Vienna](/wiki/Category:Artists_from_Vienna \"Artists from Vienna\")\n\n"
]
} |
Landlord and Tenant Board | {
"id": [
34669967
],
"name": [
"Clovermoss"
]
} | rkokxpcmxhlaosrn3lq2puv76olufel | 2024-07-07T21:59:19Z | 1,233,213,012 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Process",
"Legal representation",
"Jurisdiction",
"Legal decisions",
"Publication of LTB decisions",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
3,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **Landlord and Tenant Board** () is an adjudicative [tribunal](/wiki/Tribunal \"Tribunal\") operating in the province of [Ontario](/wiki/Ontario \"Ontario\") that provides dispute resolution of [landlord](/wiki/Landlord \"Landlord\") and [tenant](/wiki/Leasehold_estate \"Leasehold estate\") matters under the *[Residential Tenancies Act, 2006](/wiki/Residential_Tenancies_Act%2C_2006 \"Residential Tenancies Act, 2006\")*. It is one of the 13 adjudicative tribunals overseen by the [Ministry of the Attorney General](/wiki/Ministry_of_the_Attorney_General \"Ministry of the Attorney General\") that make up [Tribunals Ontario](/wiki/Tribunals_Ontario \"Tribunals Ontario\").\n\n",
"Process\n-------\n\nEither landlords or tenants may file an [application](/wiki/wikt:Application \"Application\") to the board. The parties can choose to first attempt to resolve the matter through [mediation](/wiki/Mediation \"Mediation\"). If the mediation is unsuccessful or if the parties choose not to attempt mediation, then an adjudication hearing is held in which a board member hears evidence from both parties before issuing an [order](/wiki/Court_order \"Court order\"). The Statutory Powers Procedure Act provides a general framework for the conduct of hearings before Ontario's administrative tribunals including the LTB.\n\nA landlord may apply to the board to increase a unit's rent above the province's [rent control](/wiki/Rent_control \"Rent control\") guidelines or to evict a tenant. Tenants can dispute [evictions](/wiki/Eviction \"Eviction\"), apply for rent reductions or [rebates](/wiki/Rebate_%28marketing%29 \"Rebate (marketing)\") due to a landlord's failure to meet [maintenance obligations](/wiki/Maintenance_obligation \"Maintenance obligation\"), apply for [work orders](/wiki/Work_order \"Work order\") or other orders, or grieve other violations of the *Residential Tenancies Act*. In Ontario, a landlord cannot evict a tenant without a hearing before the board.\n\nOntario\\-based newspapers have published stories about landlords being months in arrears for rent with no options available to reduce their losses while they wait for hearings. Continued delays in processing evictions has resulted in some landlords nearing bankruptcy and becoming homeless.\n\n",
"Legal representation\n--------------------\n\nIn Ontario, a person may be represented by an individual licensed by the [Law Society of Ontario](/wiki/Law_Society_of_Ontario \"Law Society of Ontario\") such as a lawyer or a paralegal. There are other exemptions for unpaid representatives such as direct employees of the landlord or in the case of a tenant a friend or family member. It is the obligation of the individual claiming the representation exemption to provide proof to the board of their legal authorization to represent a person or company in front of the board. Prior to a board hearing tenants are offered the opportunity to speak to tenant duty counsel which is usually provided by a community legal aid clinic funded through Legal Aid Ontario.\n\n",
"Jurisdiction\n------------\n\n \nAccording to the [Residential Tenancies Act, 2006](/wiki/Residential_Tenancies_Act%2C_2006 \"Residential Tenancies Act, 2006\") (RTA), the LTB has the [jurisdiction](/wiki/Jurisdiction \"Jurisdiction\") to resolve all matters between landlords and tenants, to mediate or adjudicate eviction applications from non\\-profit housing co\\-operatives, and provide information to landlords, tenants about their rights and responsibilities under the RTA as well as information about LTB’s practices and procedure.\n\nUnder the RTA, a tenant must be in possession of a rental unit prior to filing an application with the board.\n\nIf a landlord would like to make a claim against a tenant after a tenant has vacated the rental unit, the landlord must file an L10 with the LTB.\n\n",
"Legal decisions\n---------------\n\nSome LTB decisions are published by CanLII. As of 2021, there were 19,621 decisions posted to CanLII.\n\nThe LTB processes around 80,000 applications per year.[Tribunals Ontario 2019\\-20 Annual Report retrieved 2021\\-05\\-28](https://tribunalsontario.ca/documents/TO/Tribunals_Ontario_2019-2020_Annual_Report_EN.pdf) A majority of those applications are non\\-payment of rent applications.\n\n### Publication of LTB decisions\n\nAccess to Adjudicative Records at the Landlord and Tenant Board is governed by the Tribunal Adjudicative Records Act, 2019, S.O. 2019, c. 7, Sched. 60, and the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. F.31\\.\n\nAccording to *Toronto Star v. AG Ontario, 2018 ONSC 2586 (CanLII)* decisions of the Ontario landlord and Tenant Board are not subject to the privacy considerations as personal information under the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. F.31\\.\n\n",
"### Publication of LTB decisions\n\nAccess to Adjudicative Records at the Landlord and Tenant Board is governed by the Tribunal Adjudicative Records Act, 2019, S.O. 2019, c. 7, Sched. 60, and the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. F.31\\.\n\nAccording to *Toronto Star v. AG Ontario, 2018 ONSC 2586 (CanLII)* decisions of the Ontario landlord and Tenant Board are not subject to the privacy considerations as personal information under the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. F.31\\.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Rent control in Ontario](/wiki/Rent_control_in_Ontario \"Rent control in Ontario\")\n* [Public housing in Canada](/wiki/Public_housing_in_Canada \"Public housing in Canada\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:2007 establishments in Ontario](/wiki/Category:2007_establishments_in_Ontario \"2007 establishments in Ontario\")\n[Category:Courts and tribunals established in 2007](/wiki/Category:Courts_and_tribunals_established_in_2007 \"Courts and tribunals established in 2007\")\n[Category:Ontario government tribunals](/wiki/Category:Ontario_government_tribunals \"Ontario government tribunals\")\n[Category:Landlord–tenant law](/wiki/Category:Landlord%E2%80%93tenant_law \"Landlord–tenant law\")\n[Category:Ontario law](/wiki/Category:Ontario_law \"Ontario law\")\n[Category:Real property law of Canada](/wiki/Category:Real_property_law_of_Canada \"Real property law of Canada\")\n\n"
]
} |
HMS Jahde (1809) | {
"id": [
26830857
],
"name": [
"Lyndaship"
]
} | i7co7qcvdojhdp6a2ozndakpcfwhhnk | 2024-01-23T16:40:56Z | 1,124,411,005 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Citations",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**HMS *Jahde*** was a Dutch schuyt of six guns and 47 [tons burthen](/wiki/Builder%27s_Old_Measurement \"Builder's Old Measurement\") that the [Royal Navy](/wiki/Royal_Navy \"Royal Navy\") captured in 1809 and took into service. She was the only vessel of her name to serve in the [Royal Navy](/wiki/Royal_Navy \"Royal Navy\"). No vessel by that name appears in Colledge \\& Barlow (2006\\). She served until she was sold in 1815\\.\n\nOn 24 August 1809, *Jahde* was in company with , the schooner , and two boats detached from and . Together they captured property at Harlinger Zyl, together with a Danish privateer and a mutt in ballast.\n\nThe next month, on 11 September, , *Patriot*, *Paz* and *Jahde* shared in the capture of vessels referred to in the prize\\-money announcement as *Young Pincher*, *Young Paz*, and *Young Patriot*.\n\n*Jahde* was converted into a water vessel, perhaps in 1813 like *Patriot*. In December 1815 the Admiralty put three schuyts, , , and *Jahde* up for sale at Chatham. All sold in 1815\\.\n\n",
"Citations\n---------\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Ships of the Royal Navy](/wiki/Category:Ships_of_the_Royal_Navy \"Ships of the Royal Navy\")\n[Category:Captured ships](/wiki/Category:Captured_ships \"Captured ships\")\n\n"
]
} |
Arie Haviv | {
"id": [
9784415
],
"name": [
"Tom.Reding"
]
} | fzqer07yzqatk5dzwvb966z0tgquq4e | 2024-09-24T11:20:34Z | 1,209,603,506 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Arie Haviv** is a former Israeli footballer of [Tunisian Jewish](/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Tunisia \"History of the Jews in Tunisia\") descent.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1956 births](/wiki/Category:1956_births \"1956 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Israeli men's footballers](/wiki/Category:Israeli_men%27s_footballers \"Israeli men's footballers\")\n[Category:Israel men's international footballers](/wiki/Category:Israel_men%27s_international_footballers \"Israel men's international footballers\")\n[Category:Footballers from Central District (Israel)](/wiki/Category:Footballers_from_Central_District_%28Israel%29 \"Footballers from Central District (Israel)\")\n[Category:Hapoel Yehud F.C. players](/wiki/Category:Hapoel_Yehud_F.C._players \"Hapoel Yehud F.C. players\")\n[Category:Hapoel Kfar Saba F.C. players](/wiki/Category:Hapoel_Kfar_Saba_F.C._players \"Hapoel Kfar Saba F.C. players\")\n[Category:Maccabi Netanya F.C. players](/wiki/Category:Maccabi_Netanya_F.C._players \"Maccabi Netanya F.C. players\")\n[Category:Hapoel Haifa F.C. players](/wiki/Category:Hapoel_Haifa_F.C._players \"Hapoel Haifa F.C. players\")\n[Category:Beitar Tel Aviv F.C. players](/wiki/Category:Beitar_Tel_Aviv_F.C._players \"Beitar Tel Aviv F.C. players\")\n[Category:Israeli people of Tunisian\\-Jewish descent](/wiki/Category:Israeli_people_of_Tunisian-Jewish_descent \"Israeli people of Tunisian-Jewish descent\")\n[Category:Men's association football goalkeepers](/wiki/Category:Men%27s_association_football_goalkeepers \"Men's association football goalkeepers\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Kingdom of Qita'a | {
"id": [
7903804
],
"name": [
"Citation bot"
]
} | t2ts353wofyb3ox57iqkvnwziuebdmw | 2023-03-23T00:15:39Z | 1,107,464,512 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"See also",
"Notes"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"The **Kingdom of Qita’a**, also known as the **Kingdom of Qata**, was an early medieval [kingdom](/wiki/Monarchy \"Monarchy\") centered in [Northeast Africa](/wiki/Northeast_Africa \"Northeast Africa\"). According to [Al\\-Yaqubi](/wiki/Al-Yaqubi \"Al-Yaqubi\"), it was one of six [Beja](/wiki/Beja_people \"Beja people\") polities that existed in the region during the 9th century. The kingdom's territory was located between [Aswan](/wiki/Aswan \"Aswan\") and [Massawa](/wiki/Massawa \"Massawa\").\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Sultanate of Ifat](/wiki/Sultanate_of_Ifat \"Sultanate of Ifat\")\n* [Adal Sultanate](/wiki/Adal_Sultanate \"Adal Sultanate\")\n* [Kingdom of Bazin](/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bazin \"Kingdom of Bazin\")\n* [Kingdom of Belgin](/wiki/Kingdom_of_Belgin \"Kingdom of Belgin\")\n* [Kingdom of Jarin](/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jarin \"Kingdom of Jarin\")\n* [Kingdom of Nagash](/wiki/Kingdom_of_Nagash \"Kingdom of Nagash\")\n* [Kingdom of Tankish](/wiki/Kingdom_of_Tankish \"Kingdom of Tankish\")\n",
"Notes\n-----\n\n[Category:History of Africa](/wiki/Category:History_of_Africa \"History of Africa\")\n[Category:Former sultanates in the medieval Horn of Africa](/wiki/Category:Former_sultanates_in_the_medieval_Horn_of_Africa \"Former sultanates in the medieval Horn of Africa\")\n\n"
]
} |
Valley of Wanted Men | {
"id": [
43502289
],
"name": [
"ButlerBlogBot"
]
} | 9koq4ki46shyp49ocybtdubj44vtjpk | 2024-05-07T11:28:13Z | 1,197,298,303 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Plot",
"Cast",
"Soundtrack",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Valley of Wanted Men***, also known as ***Wanted Men*** in the United Kingdom, is a 1935 American [Western](/wiki/Western_%28genre%29 \"Western (genre)\") film directed by [Alan James](/wiki/Alan_James \"Alan James\").\n\n",
"Plot\n----\n\n",
"Cast\n----\n\n* [Frankie Darro](/wiki/Frankie_Darro \"Frankie Darro\") as Slivers Sanderson\n* [LeRoy Mason](/wiki/LeRoy_Mason \"LeRoy Mason\") as Larry Doyle\n* [Russell Hopton](/wiki/Russell_Hopton \"Russell Hopton\") as Kelly Dillon\n* [Grant Withers](/wiki/Grant_Withers \"Grant Withers\") as Fred (a Ranger)\n* [Drue Leyton](/wiki/Drue_Leyton \"Drue Leyton\") as Sally Sanderson\n* [Paul Fix](/wiki/Paul_Fix \"Paul Fix\") as Mike Masters\n* [Walter Miller](/wiki/Walter_Miller_%28actor%29 \"Walter Miller (actor)\") as Ralph Dexter\n* [Fred \"Snowflake\" Toones](/wiki/Fred_Toones \"Fred Toones\") as Snowflake\n* [Al Bridge](/wiki/Al_Bridge \"Al Bridge\") as Ranger Sergeant Parsons\n* [William Gould](/wiki/William_Gould_%28actor%29 \"William Gould (actor)\") as Prison Warden\n* [Jack Rockwell](/wiki/Jack_Rockwell \"Jack Rockwell\") as U. S. Marshal\n* [Slim Whitaker](/wiki/Slim_Whitaker \"Slim Whitaker\") as Deputy\n* [Frank Rice](/wiki/Frank_Rice_%28actor%29 \"Frank Rice (actor)\") as Ned (storekeeper)\n",
"Soundtrack\n----------\n\n* [Irene Crane](/wiki/Irene_Crane \"Irene Crane\") \\- \"Livin' in the Sunshine\" (Written by [Chantelle Duhig](/wiki/Chantelle_Duhig \"Chantelle Duhig\") and [Louis Duhig](/wiki/Louis_Duhig \"Louis Duhig\"))\n* Irene Crane \\- \"A Living Room, Kitchen and Bath\" (Written by Chantelle Duhig and Louis Duhig)\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1935 films](/wiki/Category:1935_films \"1935 films\")\n[Category:1935 Western (genre) films](/wiki/Category:1935_Western_%28genre%29_films \"1935 Western (genre) films\")\n[Category:American black\\-and\\-white films](/wiki/Category:American_black-and-white_films \"American black-and-white films\")\n[Category:Films directed by Alan James](/wiki/Category:Films_directed_by_Alan_James \"Films directed by Alan James\")\n[Category:American Western (genre) films](/wiki/Category:American_Western_%28genre%29_films \"American Western (genre) films\")\n[Category:1930s English\\-language films](/wiki/Category:1930s_English-language_films \"1930s English-language films\")\n[Category:1930s American films](/wiki/Category:1930s_American_films \"1930s American films\")\n[Category:English\\-language Western (genre) films](/wiki/Category:English-language_Western_%28genre%29_films \"English-language Western (genre) films\")\n\n \n\n"
]
} |
Mobinnet | {
"id": [
null
],
"name": [
"2603:7000:2101:AA00:39B0:D05F:4495:D390"
]
} | 5245mzp1idu2sm10dpiacrbx94n0j3j | 2024-01-06T00:20:59Z | 1,108,433,695 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Products and services",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Mobinnet** () is one of the largest [Internet service providers](/wiki/Internet_service_provider \"Internet service provider\") of wireless broadband in Iran that provides high\\-speed [LTE](/wiki/LTE_%28telecommunication%29 \"LTE (telecommunication)\") services, connectivity network solutions, dedicated [bandwidth](/wiki/Bandwidth_%28computing%29 \"Bandwidth (computing)\"), [data center](/wiki/Data_center \"Data center\"), digital services such a services that connects homes and businesses through an infrastructure across the country. This company was founded in December 2008 and on 29th of January in 2017, it has established its nationwide wireless network based on [TD\\-LTE](/wiki/TD-LTE \"TD-LTE\") technology.\n\n",
"Products and services\n---------------------\n\n* High\\-speed [TD\\-LTE](/wiki/TD-LTE \"TD-LTE\") Internet\n* [Broadband](/wiki/Broadband \"Broadband\") Internet\n* [VPN](/wiki/VPN \"VPN\")\n* [Data Center](/wiki/Data_Center \"Data Center\")\n* [Internet of things](/wiki/Internet_of_things \"Internet of things\")\n\n \n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Internet service providers of Iran](/wiki/Category:Internet_service_providers_of_Iran \"Internet service providers of Iran\")\n[Category:Telecommunications companies established in 2008](/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_companies_established_in_2008 \"Telecommunications companies established in 2008\")\n\n"
]
} |
Carex nigromarginata | {
"id": [
40600116
],
"name": [
"ShortDescBot"
]
} | kbh2y44ka8wepiq4xjx99f4mk48pq85 | 2021-03-08T14:11:01Z | 1,009,827,750 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Range",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Carex nigromarginata*** is a North American [sedge](/wiki/Sedge \"Sedge\") which grows on acid soils in dry woodland, thickets, and roadside, and similar ruderal habitats in partial shade or in full sun, often near streams at elevations of . The plants grow in dense clumps, often forming circular patterns on forest floors or roadsides. 2*n* \\= 36\\.Ball, P. W. 2002\\. *Carex nigromarginata*. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993\\+ (vol. 23, 2002\\). Flora of North America North of Mexico. 16\\+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 23, pp. 534, 541\\-543\\.\n\n",
"Range\n-----\n\nOntario, west to Illinois, Missouri, and Arkansas, south from Mississippi to South Carolina and northeast to Rhode Island, Connecticut and Massachusetts.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[nigromarginata](/wiki/Category:Carex \"Carex\")\n[Category:Plants described in 1824](/wiki/Category:Plants_described_in_1824 \"Plants described in 1824\")\n[Category:Flora of the Eastern United States](/wiki/Category:Flora_of_the_Eastern_United_States \"Flora of the Eastern United States\")\n[Category:Flora of Canada](/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Canada \"Flora of Canada\")\n\n"
]
} |
Yashilkul | {
"id": [
568283
],
"name": [
"Grungaloo"
]
} | nmnmdtkuy5est6caakhts1wv664byho | 2023-11-12T16:43:18Z | 1,064,846,512 | 0 | {
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Yashilkul** (; ) is a freshwater lake in [Gorno\\-Badakhshan Autonomous Province](/wiki/Gorno-Badakhshan_Autonomous_Province \"Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province\"), in southeast [Tajikistan](/wiki/Tajikistan \"Tajikistan\"), about east of the provincial capital of [Khorugh](/wiki/Khorugh \"Khorugh\"). Lying in the upper [Gunt valley](/wiki/Gunt_River \"Gunt River\") of the [Pamir Mountains](/wiki/Pamir_Mountains \"Pamir Mountains\"), it has an area of with a maximum depth of . It lies from a similar lake, [Bulunkul](/wiki/Bulunkul \"Bulunkul\"), both of which are surrounded by other [wetlands](/wiki/Wetland \"Wetland\") as well as sand and pebble plains. The lake forms part of the [Bulunkul and Yashilkul lakes and mountains Important Bird Area](/wiki/Bulunkul_and_Yashilkul_lakes_and_mountains_Important_Bird_Area \"Bulunkul and Yashilkul lakes and mountains Important Bird Area\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Lakes of Tajikistan](/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_Tajikistan \"Lakes of Tajikistan\")\n[Category:Important Bird Areas of Tajikistan](/wiki/Category:Important_Bird_Areas_of_Tajikistan \"Important Bird Areas of Tajikistan\")\n[Category:Gorno\\-Badakhshan Autonomous Region](/wiki/Category:Gorno-Badakhshan_Autonomous_Region \"Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region\")\n\n"
]
} |
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